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AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY 


SII)omaB  litUtam  l!|rrrtttgal)atti 


HERRINGSHAW'S 


NATIONAL   LIBRARY  OF 


AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY 


COKTATNS 


Thirty-Five    THOUi;AN!j   B:>oGkAv»riiES  of  the  Acknowledged 

Leaders  of  Life  and  1  hcught  of  the 

United  States 


illustrated  with 
THREE  THOUSAND  VIGNETTE  PORTRAITS 


COMPLETE  IN  FirE   VOLUMES 

INCLUDING   EVERY   NAME  OF  EMINENCE  PRODUCED   BY  THIS   GREAT   REPUBLIC   SINCE   ITS 

FORMATION  TO  THE  PRESENT  TIME 


EDITED  AND   COMPILED  UNDER  THE  SUPERVISION   OF 

THOMAS  WILLIAM  HERRINGSHAW 

Author  oh  Home  Occupations,  Prominent  Men  and  Women  of  the  Day,  Aids  to  Literary  Success, 

MULIEROLOGY,   LOCAL  AND  NATIONAL  PoETS  OF  AMERICA,   HeRRINGSH AW's  ENCYCLOPEDIA 

OP  AMERICAN  Biography  of  the  Nineteenth  Century,  and  Other  Works. 
.,  ASSISTED   BY 

A  STAFF  OF  DISTINGUISHED  BIOGRAPHERS 


ALPHABETICALLY   ARRANGED 

VOLUME  V 

RICHARDS-ZWEMER 


««THE  PROPER  STUDY  OF  MANKIND  IS  MAN  " 


CHICAGO,  ILL. 

AMERICAN   PUBLISHERS'    ASSOCIATION 


?~'^ 


/ 


«       '  •  • 


I      •    »  •  * 


ENTERED  ACCORDING  TO  ACT  OF  CONGRESS 
IN  THE  YEAR  1914 

BV 

SIt|omaB  Wtllmm  l|rrrttt0Bl|aui 

IN  THE  OFFICE  OF 

THE  LIBRARIAN  OF  CONGRESS 
AT  WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 


HA-33 


^ 

3 


^ 


I 


Ifrrrtngaijattt'a  Amrrtran  IBtograpI^a 

IS 
RESPECTFULLY  DEDICATED 

WITH  MANY  THANKS 


>i  TO  THE 


OF  THE  UNITED  STATES 

FOR   THE   ASSISTANCE   THEY    HAVE   RENDERED 
IN  ITS  PUBLICATION 
^  '  BY 

©I^omaa  litlUam  ll^rrrtngHljatt! 


PREFACE. 


rilHERE  is  not  extant  any  one  volume  or  set  of  volumes 
'*'  that  contains  biographies  of  even  one-half  of  the 
noted  personages  who  have  risen  to  eminence  in  the  United 
States.  Hence,  the  purpose  of  Herringshaw's  Library 
OF  American  Biography  is  to  meet  this  glaring  inade- 
quacy, and  to  present  in  Five  Compact  Volumes  the  lives 
and  achievements  of  thirty-five  thousand  of  the  most  cele- 
brated men  and  women  who  have  been  the  founders,  de- 
fenders and  builders  of  this  Great  Republic  of  the  United 
States  of  America,  including  every  name  of  eminence  it 
has  produced  from  its  formation  to  the  present  time.  It 
is  also  illustrated  with  over  Three  Thousand  Vignette 
Portrait  Engravings. 

The  most  attractive  form  of  history  is  Biography, 
which  perpetuates  the  memory  of  individuals,  and,  while 
aptly  illustrating  the  conduct  of  life,  conveys  important 
lessons.  History,  it  has  been  well  said,  does  not  much  re- 
gard fertile  soil  or  material  wealth  :  but  the  admirable  men 
and  women  that  a  country  produces  —  they  are  the  glory 
of  the  country.  In  every  city,  town  and  village  are  men 
and  women  of  character  and  influence,  who  have  con- 
tributed by  their  enterprise  and  thrift,  by  their  activity 
and  sagacity  in  business,  their  zeal  in  educational,  in  re- 
ligious, and  in  political  matters,  to  the  moral  and  spiritual 
advancement  as  well  as  to  the  material  prosperity  of  the 
community  in  which  they  live. 

Herrixgshaw's  Library  of  American  Biography 
includes  accurate  biographies  of  all  the  Presidents  and 


11  PREFACE 

t 

Vice-Presidents  of  the  United  States;  every  member  of  all 
the  cabinets;  every  United  States  Senator  and  Speaker  of 
the  House ;  every  United  States  Congressman ;  every  mem- 
ber of  the  Supreme  Court;  ever  signer  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence;  the  Governors  of  the  States  and  Terri- 
tories; all  the  Authors,  Poets  and  Composers;  all  the 
eminent  Clergymen,  Judges,  Lawyers;  all  the  Admirals 
and  distinguished  naval  officers;  all  the  Generals  and 
distinguished  army  officers;  while  no  name  eminent  in 
Literature,  Art,  Music,  Science  or  Invention  has  been 
omitted. 

As  the  failure  to  consider  the  lives  of  men  of  affairs 
as  of  historical  importance  is  a  defective  feature  of  all 
biographical  works  heretofore  published,  a  special  feature 
of  this  work  has  been  to  include  the  lives  of  the  great  pio- 
neers, merchants,  manufacturers,  railroad  builders,  and 
other  practical  men  who  have  developed  the  mines,  forests 
and  farms,  built  the  railroads,  steamboat  lines  and  canals, 
set  afloat  and  managed  the  shipping,  organized  the  cor- 
porations, and  introduced  the  new  processes  in  science  and 
mechanics,  which  have  so  greatly  reduced  the  cost  and 
promoted  the  comfort  of  living,  while  contributing  to  the 
power  and  prestige  of  the  nation  itself.  They  have 
founded  the  great  museums,  erected  statues,  libraries  and 
reading  rooms;  and  it  is  by  them  that  the  colleges,  schools 
and  philanthropic  institutions  are  built  and  maintained; 
and  it  surely  is  befitting  that  their  records  should  be  pre- 
served for  all  time  in  this  national  work  of  representative 
Americans. 

That  the  achievements  of  such  persons  should  have 
their  public  record  is  peculiarly  proper,  because  a  knowl- 
edge of  men  whose  substantial  fame  rests  upon  their  at- 


PREFACE  111 

tainments,  character  and  success,  must  exert  a  wholesome 
influence  upon  the  rising  generation  of-  the  American 
people. 

To  preserve  and  perpetuate  the  important  historical 
facts  of  personal  and  family  history  cannot  fail  to  prove 
invaluable  and  a  source  of  pride  and  interest  to  the  nation 
and  to  the  world.  Indeed,  there  is  inherent  in  us  a  desire 
that  our  descendants  should  know  something  of  us  —  how 
we  live,  and  where  we  spend  our  lives,  for  the  poet  truly 
says  — 

"To  live  in  hearts  we  leave  behind 
Is  not  to  die." 

In  the  preservation  of  such  a  record,  all  the  progres- 
sive men  of  life  and  thought  should  have  a  national  pride. 
As  heroes  of  the  colonial  and  revolutionary  wars,  states- 
men, persons  noteworthy  in  the  church,  at  the  bar,  in  litera- 
ture, art,  science  and  the  professions,  and  those  who  have 
contributed  to  the  commercial  and  industrial  growth  of 
this  Great  Republic  —  each  has  added  luster  to  its  name. 

In  order  to  seek  a  competency  and  fame,  these  sturdy 
Americans,  inbued  with  a  spirit  of  self-reliance  and  in- 
domitable will,  have  blazed  the  way  through  the  wilder- 
ness, conquered  forests,  subdued  the  soil,  and  made  desert 
places  smile.  In  the  commercial  and  industrial  world 
their  names  have  illumined  the  marts  of  trade;  from  the 
workshops  of  the  inventor  have  emanated  prolific  inven- 
tions now  used  throughout  the  civilized  world;  in  litera- 
ture can  be  found  authors,  poets  and  journalists  whose 
brows  are  worthy  to  be  crowned  with  the  laurel  wreath  of 
fame;  as  philanthropists,  the  gifts  of  America's  successful 
men  have  been  munificent;  and  in  the  arena  of  statesman- 
ship, in  the  halls  of  legislation,  and  in  the  administration 
of  justice  the  United  States  has  produced  men  of  thought 


IV  PREFACE 

and  men  of  action;  while  last,  but  not  least,  as  soldiers  on 
the  field  of  battle,  which  tradition  regards  as  the  field  of 
glory,  our  great  men  have  served  as  valiant  soldiers ;  while 
the  American  Army  and  Navy  have  produced  heroes  of 
undying  fame  in  the  defense  of  their  land  and  in  the  cause 
of  humanity.  Is  not  so  complete  a  record  a  credit  to  the 
nation  and  to  the  world? 

While  transmitting  to  posterity  the  memory  of  distin- 
guished persons  of  the  past  and  present  day,  it  will  instil 
in  the  minds  of  our  children  the  important  lesson  that 
honor  and  station  are  the  reward  of  continued  exertion  — 
and  that  compared  to  a  good  education  with  habits  of 
honest  industry  and  economy,  the  greatest  fortune  would 
be  but  a  poor  inheritance. 

The  courteous  co-operation  and  words  of  praise  re- 
ceived from  prominent  people  throughout  the  United 
States,  confirmed  the  opinion  that  the  public  is  sufiiciently 
alive  to  the  value  and  importance  of  such  a  work,  and  the 
lasting  benefit  to  be  derived  from  placing  their  names, 
side  by  side  with  those  of  our  most  honored  ones,  in  a  work 
that  will  be  found  in  the  great  public  libraries  and  read- 
ing rooms  throughout  the  world,  and  which  is  ultimately 
destined  to  go  down  to  posterity  as  an  enduring  record  of 
the  most  eminent  people  of  the  United  States;  bearing  in 
mind  that  without  such  a  record  some  of  the  most  illus- 
trious names  would  be  lost  in  oblivion,  and  their  posterity 
deprived  of  the  gratification  and  advantage  of  reference 
to  so  honorable  an  ancestry. 

Thomas  William  Herringshaw. 


J^ubUaI|fra*  Not? 

Mistakes  will  undoubtedly  be  found 
in  this  volume,  but  they  exist  not  for 
want  of  painstaking  efforts  to  avoid 
them.  but  generally  from  imperfect 
manuscripts  or  conflicting  statements 
of  standard  authorities.  what  is  worth 
recording  at  all,  is  worth  recording 
carefully  and  correctly;  and  when 
mistakes  are  discovered,  a  memorandum 
of  the  errors  should  at  once  be  sent 
to  the  american  publishers'  association 
of  chicago,  for  corrections  in  future 
editions  of  this  work. 


Lives   of  great  men   all  remind  us 
We  can  make  our  lives  sublime, 

And,  departing,  leave  behind  us 
Footprints  on  the  sands  of  time. 


HERRI  NGSHAW'S    LIBRARY 

OF 

AMERICAN      BIOGRAPHY 


Richards,  Louis  Harry,  railroad  president, 
wa.s  l)oiii  April  7,  18'U,  in  i'hiladi-lphia,  Pa. 
Since  1878  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Potomac,  Fredericksburg  and  Piedmont  rail- 
road, at  Piiiiadelphia,  Pa. 

Richards,  Mrs  Maria  Tolman,  educator, 
autiiur,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1821,  in  Dorches- 
ter, Mass.  She  was  an  educator  and  lec- 
turer of  Providence,  R.l.  She  was  the  au- 
thor of  Life  in  Judea;  and  Life  in  Israel. 
She  died  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Richards,  Mark,  state  legislator,  lieuten- 
antgDvciiior,  congressman,  was  born  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  for  eight  years;  was  coun- 
tj  sheriff  for  live  years;  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1813;  and  was  a  state  counselor 
in  1813-15.  In  1817-21  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Vermont  to  the  fifteenth  and 
sixteenth  congresses ;  and  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Vermont  in  1830.  He  died  in 
X'crninnt. 

Richards,  Matthiasi,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gresman,  was  born  in  1757.  In  1788-97  he 
was  a  judge  of  Berks  county.  Pa.;  and  in 
1807-11  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  tenth  and  eleventh  con- 
gresses. He  died  in  1830,  in  Pennsylvania. 
Richards,  Matthias  Henry,  soldier,  clergy- 
man, educator,  journalist,  was  born  June 
17,  1841,  in  Phi'ladelpliia,  Pa.  Since  1880 
he  has  been  editor  of  Church  Lesson-Leaves; 
and  Heljjer;  and  since  188G  the  managing 
editor  of  the  Church  Messenger  at  Allen- 
town,  Pa.  During  the  Spanish-American 
war  he  was  apjioinicd  l)rigadier-general  of 
voluntt'f'rs. 

Richards,  Robert  Hallowell,  educator, 
nntal!nrgi:t.  inventor,  autlior,  was  born 
Aug.  2li,  1844.  in  (iardiner,  .\raine.  Since; 
1884  he  has  been  jirofcssor  of  mining,  en- 
gineering and  metallurgy  at  the  Massachu- 
setts institute  of  technology  at  Boston,  Mass. 
He  has  invented  a  jet  aspirator  for  chemi- 
cal and  physical  laboratories;  and  an  ore- 
.separator  for  the  Lake  Superior  copper 
mills;  and  one  for  the  iron  ores  of  the 
South.  During  1880  he  was  president  of 
the  American  institute  of  mining  engineers, 
lie  is  the  author  of  a  standard  work  on 
( )re  Dressing. 


Richards,  Rosalind,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  1874,  in  South  Boston,  Mass. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Nursery  Fire; 
and  Two  Children  in  the  Woods. 

Richards,  Samuel,  painter,  artist,  was 
I)orn  April  22,  1853,  in  Spencer,  Ind.  Among 
his  best  known  works  are:  Pleasant  Stories; 
Italian  Boy;  Evangeline;  and  The  Day  Be- 
fore the  Wedding.  He  died  Nov.  30,  1893, 
in   Denver,  Col. 

Richards,  Sarah  J.,  philanthropist,  was 
i)orn  in  1820.  She  was  a  noted  philanthro- 
l>ist  of  her  time.     She  died  in  1893. 

Richards,  Theodore  William,  educator, 
chemist,  autlior,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1808,  in 
(Jermantown,  Pa.    In  1885  he  graduated  as 

S.B.  from  Haverford 
college;  and  in  188G 
received  the  degree  of 
A.B.  from  Harvard 
university.  He  was  a 
student  at  several 
German  universities; 
and  received  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  A.M., 
Ph.D.  and  Sc.D.  In 
1894-1901  he  was  an 
assistant  professor; 
and  since  1901  has 
been  professor  o  f 
chemist ry  and  chairman  of  the  chemical 
di'partmcnt  of  Harvard  universit^^  In 
1007  he  was  exchange  professor  from  Har- 
vard to  Berlin.  He  is  an  investigator  in 
pliysical  and  inorganic  chemistry;  and  his 
recent  papers  concern  the  significance  of 
elijinging  atomic  volume,  and  a  new  atomic 
(lieory. 

Richards,  Thomas  Addison,  educator,  art- 
ist, author,  was  born  Dec.  3,  1820,  in  Eng- 
bind.  Sinci-  1807  he  has  been  professor  of 
art  in  the  university  of  the  city  of  New 
^'ork.  His  numerous  paintings  include  Ai- 
astor,  or  the  S])irit  of  Solitude;  and  The 
Indian's  Paradise.  He  died  in  1900,  in  New 
York    City. 

Richards,  Thomas  Cole,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  iiorn  Feb.  24.  1800,  in  England. 
He  has  filled  pastr)rates  in  Dudley.  .Mass., 
lliggannm  and  'I'orington,  Conn.;  and  since 
lOOC)    liMs    preiubi'd     in     \\';irren.     Mass.       He 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


is  the  author  of   8anmel   J    Mills,   Mission- 
ary.  Pathtiiuler,   Pioneer   and   Promoter. 

Richards,  William,  clergyman,  mission- 
ary, diplomat,  was  born  Aug.  22,  1792,  in 
Plaintield,  Mass.  In  1822  he  embarked  as 
a  missionary  to  the  Sandwich  Islands.  In 
1838  he  became  councillor,  chaplain  and  in- 
terpreter to  the  king;  and  after  the  recog- 
nition of  tlie  independence  of  the  islands  by 
foriigii  i)0\vers  was  sent  as  ambassador  to 
I'higland,  and  to  other  courts.  He  died  Dec. 
7,    1847,    in    Honolulu. 

Richards,  William  Alford,  farmer,  civil 
engineer,  governor,  was  born  March  9,  1849, 
in  Hazel  Green,  Wis.  He  has  been  county 
surveyor  in  California  and  Colorado;  and 
in  1889-93  was  United  States  surveyor- 
general  of  Wyoming.  In  1894-99  he  was 
the  third  governor  of  Wyoming.  In  1899  he 
was  appointed  assistant  commissioner  of 
the  general  land  offices;  in  1903-07  was 
commissioner;  and  in  1909  became  tax  com- 
missioner for  the  state  of  Wvominar. 

Richards,  William  Carey,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Nov.  24,  1818,  in  Eng- 
land. He  was  a  baptist  minister  of  Chicago ; 
and  widely  known  as  a  lecturer  upon  phys- 
ical science.  He  was  the  author  of  Bap- 
tist Banquets;  The  Lord  Is  My  Shepherd; 
Tlve  Mountain  Anthem;  Our  Father  in  Hea- 
ven, a  series  of  sonnets;  and  Science  in 
Song.     He  died  in   1892.  in  Chicago,  111. 

Richards,  William  Henry,  educator,  law- 
yer, lecturer,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1856,  in 
Athens.    Tenn.      He    was    educated    at    the 

Warner   institute   and 
at    the    Howard    uni- 
versity.    He  has  been 
H||  jj^^B  alderman    and    mayor 

m^  ^^^^^^^  of  his  native  city;  and 

■■'■'^'^^K^^^m  president  of  the  Bethel 

literary  and  historical 
association    of    Wash- 
ington,     B.C.        Since 
189U    he    has    been    a 
member    of    the     fac- 
ulty  of    Howard   uni- 
versity,      filling      the 
chairs  of  international 
and  evidence;  and  is  principal  librarian, 
has  also  attained  success  in  the  lecture 
field. 

Richards,  William  Rogers,  clergyman, 
author,  was  bcin  Dec.  20,  1853,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1879  he  was  ordained  a  clergj'- 
man  of  tlie  congregational  church;  in  1884- 
1902  he  was  ])astor  of  the  Presbyterian 
church  of  l^lainfield,  N.J.;  and  since  1902 
lias  been  pastor  of  the  Brick  presbyterian 
church  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  Ways  of  Wisdom ;  For  Whom  Christ 
Died;  Cod's  Choice  of  [Men;  and  the  Apos- 
tles' Creed  in  Modern   Worship. 

Richards,  William  Frost,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Nov.  14,  1833,  in  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  Among  his  works  in  oil  are  Tulip- 
Trees;    Midsummer;    Woods    in    June;    and 


law 
He 


J\Iid  Ocean.  His  works  in  water  colors  in- 
clude Cedars  on  the  Sea  Shore;  King  Ar- 
thur's Castle,  Tintagel,  Cornwall;  Mullion 
Gull  Rock,  Tintagel,  Cornwall;  The  Un- 
resting Sea.  He  died  in  1905,  in  Newport, 
U.I. 


Richards,  Zalmon,     educator, 


born 
He 
He 
the 
his 


of  the 
depart- 
Colum- 


was 
Aug.    11,    1811,  in  Cummington,  Mass. 
attended   Williams   college   in    1831-36. 

was  principal  of 
Union  academy  of 
native  city  for  three 
years;  was  principal 
of  the  Stillwater  acad- 
— emy  for  ten  years; 
was  principal 
preparatory 
ment  of  the 
bian  college  for  three 
years;  and  of  the 
Cnion  academv  in 
1851-66.  For*  two 
years  he  was  super- 
schools 
years 
the  bureau  of  education, 
was  president  and  a  member  of  the  National 
educational    association.      He    died    in    1897. 

Richardson,  A.  Frank,  journalist,  business 
p'-esident,  was  born  about  1855,  in  Orange 
county,  Va.  He  began  his  journalistic  ca- 
a  reporter;  and  became  president 
Eastern  and  Western  newspaper 
He  has  taken  up  a  general  business 
western  newspaper;  and  has 
York  City. 

Mrs.    Abby    Sage,    educator, 
v.as    born    Oct.    4,    1837,    in 
She  is  an  educator  and  lee- 
She  was  the  author 
on    English    Literature; 


intendent  of  public 
D.C..    and    for    three 


of  Washington, 

was   a    clerk    in 

From    1856    he 


reer  as 
of  the 
union. 

in  circulating 
oflfices  in  New 
Richardson, 
author,    poet, 
Massachusetts 
turer  upon  literature, 
of    Familiar   Talks 


from    Old   English 


Poetry; 


History 


Stories 

of  Our  Country;  and  Abelard  and  Heloise, 
a  Medi;eval  Romance.  She  edited  Songs 
from  Old  Dramatists.  She  died  in  1900,  in 
New    York    City. 

Richardson,  Albert  Deane,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  6,  1833,  in  Franklin, 
Mass.  He  was  famous  as  the  war  cor- 
respondent of  The  Tribune  during  the  civil 
war.  He  was  the  author  of  Beyond  the 
Mississippi;  Personal  History  of  Ulysses 
Grant;  The  Field,  the  Dungeon,  and  the 
Escape;  and  Garnered  Sheaves.  He  died 
Dec.   2,    1868,   in  New  York   City. 

Richardson,  Beale  Howard,  journalist,  was 
born  in  1843,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1865 
he  was  associate  editor  of  the  Mobile  Trib- 
une; was  city  editor  of  the  Savannah  Morn- 
ing News  in"  1871-83;  and  editor  of  the  Sa- 
vannah Daily  Times  in  1883-87.  In  1887- 
89  he  was  editor  Anniston.  Ala.  Hot  Blast ; 
and  since  then  has  been  proprietor  and  edi- 
tor of  the  Georgia  Enquirer  Sun. 

Richardson,  Charles  Francis,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  29,  1851,  in  Haliowell, 
]\laine.  He  has  been  professor  of  Engli.sh 
literature  at  Dartmouth  college  from   1882, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


He  is  the  author  of  A  Primer  of  American 
IJtiTatiuv;  Tlu'  Cross,  a  collection  of  verse; 
Ainericun  Literature,  11107-1885;  Tlie  Choice 
of   Books;   and  other  works. 

Richardson,   Charles  Albert,   soldier,  law- 
yer. iJ'il)lic  ollicial.   \\a-^  l«)rn  Aug.   14,   1829, 


in    Freetown,    X.V. 


He  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  his  educa- 
tion in  the  common 
schools,  and  attended 
Corthmd  academy  of 
Homer,  N.Y.  He  has 
been  county  treasurer 
and  surrogate  of  On- 
taro  county,  N.Y. ; 
New  York  state  com- 
missioner for  Gettys- 
burg and  Chattanooga 
m  o  n  u  m  e  n  t  s  ;  and 
I'nited  States  commis- 
sioner for  Gettysburg 
national  park.  During  the  civil  war  he 
served  in  the  union  army  as  lieutenant, 
captain  and  major  of  the  one  liundred  and 
twenty  sixth  regiment  New  Yoric  volunteer 
infantry.  He  became  one  of  tiie  foremost 
lawyers  of  the  east,  at  Canandaigua,  N.Y. 

Richardson,  Charles  Warren,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator, jurist,  was  Ixjrn  Sept.  7,  1843,  in 
Salem,  Mass.  He  has  served  as  a  member 
of  the  ^[assacliusetts__state  legislature.  He 
is  now  special  judge  of  the  first  district 
court  of  Essex,  Mass. 

Richardson,  Clifford,  chemist,  author,  was 
horn  Mareli  (i.  1S5(),  in  Worcester,  Mass. 
In  18i)(j-l!t()()  he  was  superintendent  of  tests 
of  the  IJarber  asphalt  paving  company; 
and  since  1900  lias  been  proprietor  of  the 
New  York  testing  laboratory.  He  is  tlie 
author  of  On  American  Cereals;  Adulter- 
ations of  Sj)ices  and  Condiments  and  Re- 
ports of  the  Association  Olhcial  Agricul- 
tural Cliemists. 

Richardson,  David  P.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gri'ss!ii;iii.  wa>  lioni  May  28,  ]H'.i'.i,  in  Mace- 
don.  X.^'.  He  served  in  the  union  army  in 
18t)l-»)4.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  forty-sixth  and 
fiirty-scveiilh    congresses   as   a    repuliliean. 

Richardson,  Dorothy,  journalist,  author, 
was  l>orn  May  20,  1875,  in  Prospect,  Pa. 
In  189(»  she  began  her  journalistic  career 
on  .the  Pittsi)urg  Dispatch;  and  since  1809 
has  l)een  a  special  writer  for  the  New  York 
Sunday  Herald.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Long   Day. 

Richardson,  Edmund,  cotton  king,  was 
born  .linie  2S,  ISIS.  in  Caswell  county,  N.C. 
lie  was  owner  ami  manager  of  forty  cotton 
plantations  in  the  Gulf  states,  marketing 
at  an  average  1.").000  bales  annually.  Was 
also  owner  of  the  largest  cotton  factory  in 
the  southwest.  Ho  died  .hine  11,  188»i,  in 
•  lacksoM,   Miss. 

Richardson,  Edmund  F.,  lawver.  was  born 
duly  29,  lH»i2,  in  Sandis(i..|d.  Mass.  In 
IS7!)-S:{  he  was  employed  in  the  inercantilt! 
business    ill    Sjiringlield.    Mass.      In    188.5    he 


was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  supreme 
court  of  California.  In  1894  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  the  sui)reme  court 
of  the  Inited  States.  He  practices  law  in 
Denver.    Col. 

Richardson,  Edward,  mariner,  was  born 
in  17  89.  in  Boston,  iNlass.  He  was  captain  of 
a  liu'  of  packet  ships  that  plied  between 
New  York  aiul  Liverpool.  He  organized 
tlie  Marine  temperance  society  in  1833,  and 
lived  to  see  .■)2.000  names  signed  to  its 
•pledge.  He  was  superintendent  of  the  New 
York  City  seamen's  home ;  and  was  a  vice- 
president  of  the  New  York  port  society. 
He  died  April  (i.  187(1.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
Richardson,  Ernest  Cushing,  librarian, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1800,  in  Woburn, 
Mass.  Since  1890  he  has  been  librarian  of 
the  Princeton  university.  He  is  the  author 
of  Biblingrapliical  Synopsis  of  the  Ante- 
Nictne  Fathers;  valuable  contributions  to 
Nicene  and  Post-N^icene  Fathers;  and  Hi- 
dex  to  Periodical  Articles  on  Religion. 

Richardson,  Felix  A.,  librarian,  govern- 
ment olllc'al,-  was  born  Dec.  11,  183.5,  in 
Glasgow,  Ky.  He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic and  private  schools  of  his  native  county; 
and  graduated  from  Urania  college.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  in  18()3-<)5  he  was  deputy 
provost  marshal  for  the  third  district  of 
Kentucky;  and  in  1865-09  he  was  deputy 
postmaster  of  Glasgow,  Ky.  Since  1885  he 
has  been  in  the  service  of  the  state  of  Colo- 
rado as  bailill'  and  librarian;  and  is  still 
iilling  the  ollice  of  librarian  of  the  state 
supreme  ccnirt  of  (^'olorado. 

Richardson,  Frederick,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Oct.  20,  1802,  in  Chicago,  Hi.  For 
fifteen  years  he  was  on  the  stall'  of  the 
Chicago  Daily  News;  and  for  seven  years 
was  an  instructor  in  the  Chicago  art  insti- 
tute. Since  1903  he  has  had  a  studio 
in  New  York  City;  and  has  jniblished  a 
Book  of  Drawings,  by  Frederick  Richardson. 
Richardson,  George  F.,  agriculturist,  state 
legislator,  eongressman.  was  born  July  1, 
18.50.    in    .Jamestown.    ^licli.      He    was    the 

son  of  a  pioneer  farm- 
er, and  his  occupation 
in  life  has  been  prin- 
cipally that  of  a  farm- 
er. He  received  his 
education  in  the  com- 
mon schools.  He  was 
elected  township  clerk 
eight  years  in  suc- 
cession; and  in  1884 
and  1890  was  elected 
to  the  Michigan  legis- 
lature. The  demo- 
crats controlled  the 
organization  of  the  house,  and  he  was  elect- 
e.l  speaker  pro  tempore.  In  I8!>3-95  he  was 
a  representative  from  .Michigan  to  the  fifty- 
;hird  congress.  He  was  the  editor  of  The 
I'ree  Coinage  Iiide|)eiideiit,  which  is  now 
juiblished  as  The  .Midille  West  of  Grand 
l'aj)ids,  Mich. 
Richardson,    George    Burr,    gi-ologist,    au- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


thor,  was  born  Aug.  21,  1872,  in  New  York 
City.  Since  1900  he  has  been  geologist  in 
the  United  States  geological  survey  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  is  tlie  author  of  the  Indiana 
Folio ;  Report  of  a  Reconnaissance  in  Trans- 
Lecos  Texas;  and  Underground  Water  in 
the  Valleys  of  Utah  Lake  and  Jordan  River. 
»  Richardson,  George  Tilton,  journalist, 
dramatist,  author,  was  born  July  2,  18G3, 
in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1888-91  he  was  city 
editor  of  the  Boston  Advertiser;  and  in 
1892-1904  was  dramatic  critic  on  the  Bos- 
ton Traveler.  Since  1907  he  has  been  edi- 
tor-in-chief of  the  Boston  Daily  Tribune. 
He  is  the  author  of  My  Lady  Laughter;  A 
Salf-Made  Man's  Wife  and  Her  Letters  to 
Her    Son;    and   several   plays. 

Richardson,  Harry  Alden,  manufacturer, 
business  president,  United  States  senator, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1853,  in  Camden,  Del.  He 
received  the  rudiments  of  his  education  in 
tlie  public  scliools  of  his  native  state;  and 
attended  tlie  academy  at  East  Greenwicli, 
R.I.  He  then  entered  the  well-known  estab- 
lishment of  Richardson  and  Robbins  of 
Dover,  Del.,  of  which  his  father  was  senior 
meinber.  Upon  the  death  of  the  junior  part- 
ner, he  was  taken  into  partnership  by  his 
father;  and  at  the  death  of  his  father  in 
1894,  he  assumed  the  entire  control  of  the 
large  canning  establishment,  wliich  he  still 
manages  with  the  assistance  of  his  two 
sons.  He  is  president  of  the  Fii'st  national 
baidv  of  Dover;  president  of  the  Delaware 
tire  insurance  company  of  Dover;  president 
of  the  Dover  gaslight  company;  president  of 
tlie  Diamond  state  telephone  company  of 
Dover;  is  a  director  in  the  Bell  telephone 
company  of  Philadelphia;  and  a  director 
in  other  corporations.  In  1890  he  was  the 
republican  nominee  for  governor  of  Dela- 
ware. He  is  now  United  States  senator 
from   Delaware   for  the  term   of    1907-13. 

Richardson,  Henry  Hobson,  architect,  was 
born  Sept.  29,  1838,  in  St.  James  parish. 
La.  He  was  a  noted  architect  of  New  Eng- 
land. He  died  Aprir28,  1886,  in  Brookline, 
Mass. 

Richardson,  Hobart  Wood,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1831.  He  was  a  journal- 
ist of  Portland,  Maine.  He  was  the  author 
of  Paper  Money;  The  National  Banks;  and 
The  Standard  Dollar.  He  died  in  1889,  in 
Portland,   Maine. 

Richardson,  Israel  Bush,  soldier,  was  born 
Dec.  26,  181a,  in  Fairfax,  V't.  He  served 
"  throughout  the  Florida  and  Mexican  wars; 
and  at  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war  was 
appointed  colonel  of  the  second  Michigan 
regiment.  In  1861  he  was  commissioned  brig- 
adier-general of  vohuiteers;  and  in  1862 
became  major-general.  He  died  Nov.  3, 
18(52.  in  Sliarpsburg,  Md. 

Richardson,  J.  M.,  soldier,  poet,  was  born 
March  13,  1831,  in  South  Carolina.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war  as  a  confederate; 
and  attained  the  rank,  of  colonel.  He  has 
contributed    both    prose    and    verse    to    the 


leading    magazines    and    journals    of    South 
Carolina. 

Richardson,  James,  clergyman,  was  born 
in  1817,  in  Dedhain,  Mass.  He  continued 
to  preach  and  lecture  for  many  years,  and 
constantly  contributed  to  the  press.  During 
the  civil  war  his  services  were  given  to  the 
hospitals  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  published 
several  discourses.  He  died  Nov.  10,  1863, 
in   Washington,   D.C. 

Richardson,  James  B.,  governor,  was  born 
in  South  Carolina.  He  was  the  sixth  gov- 
ernor of  South  Carolina  in  1802-04.  He 
died  in   South   Carolina. 

Richardson,  James  Bailey,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  9,  1832,  in  Orford,  N. 
II.  In  1859  he  began  the  practice  of  law; 
in  1866  was  a  representative  to  the  general 
court  of  ^Massachusetts;  and  in  1877-78  was 
a  member  of  the  common  council  of  Boston, 
Mass.  Since  1892  he  has  been  a  justice 
of  the  superior  court  of  ^lassachusetts.  He 
is  tl'.e  author  of  Notes  in  Equity;  and  Plead- 
ing and  Practice  of  Massachusetts. 

Richardson,  James  Daniel,  soldier,  law- 
yer, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
March  10,  1843,  in  Rutherford,  county,  Tenn. 
In  1870  he  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  Tennessee  state  legislature;  and  was 
elected  speaker;  and  in  1872-74  he  was 
state  senator;  and  in  1873  was  made  grand 
master  of  Masons  for  the  state  of  Tennes- 
see. He  also  became  grand  high  priest  of 
the  grand  chapter  of  the  state.  In  1885- 
1905  he  was  a  representative  from  Tennes- 
see to  the  forty-ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-tirst, 
lifty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty-fourth,  fifty- 
hfth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh  and  fifty-eigiith 
cf)ni;i('sses  as  a  democrat. 

Richardson,  John  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1857-59  he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Missouri.     He  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Richardson,  John  Fram,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  7,  1808,  in  Vernon,  N.Y. 
He  believed  he  had  discovered  the  true  pro- 
nunciation of  Latin,  as  spoken  by  the  an- 
cient Romans ;  and  in  the  face  of  much  op- 
position taught  it  to  his  pupils.  It  has 
s'nee  been  adopted  by  many  of  the  foremost 
educators.  He  was  the  author  of  Roman 
(Jrthoepy;  a  Plea  for  the  Restoration  of 
the  True  Svstem  of  Latin  Pronunciation. 
He   died   Feb.    10,    1868,   in   Rochester,  N.Y. 

Richardson,  John  Peter,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  April  14, 
1801,  in  Hickory  Hill,  S.C.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  South  Carolina  state  legislature 
from  1824  to  1836;  and  in  1835-39  he  was 
a  repi'-sentative  to  the  twenty-fourth  and 
twentj-fifth  congresses ;  and  was  the  twenty- 
fifth  governor  of  South  Carolina  in  1840-42. 
He   died  Jan.    24.    1864,    in   Fulton,    S.C. 

Richardson,  John  Peter,  soldier,  state  leg- 
isl.ntor,  governor,  was  born  Sept.  25,  1831, 
in  Clarendon  county,  S.C.  In  1856-60  and 
1866-76  he  was  a  member  of  the  South 
Carolina  state  legislature;  and  in  1865  was 
a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention; 
and    in    1880-84    was    state    treasurer.      He 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


served  in  tlie  confederate  states  army;  and 
in  1886-90  was  the  forty-eiglith  governor  of 
the  state  of  Soiitli  Carolina.  He  died  in 
1899   in   South  Carolina. 

Richardson,  John  Smythe,  lawyer,  jurist, 
slate  logislatur,  was  burn  April  11,  1777, 
in  Sumter,  S.C.  He  was  an  associate  judge 
of  the  general  sessions  and  of  the  common 
pleas;  and  presiding  judge  of  the  court  of 
appeals.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  con- 
gress in  1820,  but  owing  to  some  exigency 
in  his  private  allairs,  was  not  qualified, 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
and  attorney-general  for  the  state  of  South 
Carolina.  He  died  May  8,  1850,  in  Charles- 
ton.   S.C. 

Richardson,  John  Smythe,  soldier,  law- 
yer, agricullvirist,  congressman,  was  born 
Feb.  29.  1828,  in  Sumter,  S.C.  He  served 
in  the  confederate  army  as  a  commissioned 
olHc(*r  during  the  war  of  the  rebellion.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  South  Carolina  state 
house  of  representatives  from  I860  to  1867. 
In  1879-83  lie  was  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  to  the  forty-si.xth  and  forty- 
seventh  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
Feb.   24.    1894,   in   Sumter,   S.C. 

Richardson,  Joseph,  clergyman,  congress- 
man, was  born  Feb.  1,  1778,  in  Billerica, 
Mass.  In  1827-.'}1  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  twentieth  and 
twenty-first  congresses.  He  was  senior  pas- 
tor over  the  First  church  at  Hingham  for 
fifty  years.  He  died  Sept.  25,  1871,  in  Hing- 
ham.   Mass. 

Richardson,  Joseph,  designer,  architect, 
was  born  Sept.  7,  1814,  in  England.  Thirty 
years  ago  he  established  a  line  of  steam- 
boats between  New  York  and  Bridgeport, 
Conn.  The  water  works  at  Laramie  City 
are  another  monument  to  his  enterprise,  he 
having  been  their  originator  and  builder. 
He  also  built  the  waterworks  at  Houston, 
Texas. 

Richardson,  Leander,  journalist,  author, 
was  l)firn  Feb.  2S,  1856.  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
In  1896-1900  he  was  on  the  editorial  stafT 
of  the  New  York  Morning  Telegraph;  and 
in  1901-06  was  editor  of  the  Dramatic  News. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Dark  (-ity;  Lord 
Dunmersey;  As  Ye  Sow;  and  Adapted 
French  Operettas  and  Plays;  Olivette;  The 
Snake  Charmer;  Anselma;  and  The  Nom- 
inee. 

Richardson,  Nathaniel  Smith,  clergyman, 
jiturnalist.  author,  wa.>  born  .Jan.  8,'  1810, 
in  .\nd<llebury,  Conn.  He  was  an  episcopal 
clergyman;  and  was  editor  of  The  American 
Cliureh  JN-view.  He  was  the  author  of  Kea- 
sons  Why  I  Am  a  Churchman  ;  Rea- 
sons Why  I  Am  Not  a  I'apisl  ;  and  Evidences 
of  Natural  and  Revealed  Religion.  He  died 
Aug.  7.    lSS;i.   in   Rii.lgeimrt,  Conn. 

Richardson,  Nerval,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  8,  1877,  in  Vieksburg.  Miss. 
He  is  secretary  ami  treasurer  of  Lee  Rich- 
ardson and  company  of  Vieksburg.  Miss. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Heart  of  Hope. 


Richardson,  Oliver  Huntington,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1866,  in  Provi- 
dence, R.I.  In  1897-1909  he  was  assistant 
professor  of  history  at  Yale  university; 
and  since  1909  has  been  professor  of  Euro- 
pean history  at  the  university  of  Washing- 
ton. He  is  the  author  of  The  National 
Movement  in  the  Reign  of  Henry  III  and 
Its  (  ulmination  in  the  Barons'  War;  and 
Syllabus  of  Continental  European  History 
from  the  Fall  of  Rome  to  1870. 

Richardson,  Origen  D.,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  July  20,  1795,  in  Woodstock, 
\  t.  In  1820  he  began  the  practice  of  law 
in  Pontiac,  Mich. ;  and  in  1842-46  was  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Michigan.  In  1854  re- 
moved to  Omalia,  Neb.  He  died  Nov.  30, 
1876.    in   Omaha.  Neb. 

Richardson,  Richard,  patriot,  soldier,  was 
born  in  1704  near  Jamestown,  Va.  In  1775 
he  was  a  member  of  the  council  of  safety 
at  Charleston,  S.C;  and  in  1776  became  a 
brigadier  general.  He  died  in  September, 
17S1.    near    Salisbury,    S.C. 

Richardson,  Ernest  Gushing,  educator,  li- 
brarian, was  born  Feb.  9,  1857.  He  filled 
a  chair  in  the  Hartford  theological  semi- 
nary; and  is  now  librarian  of  the  Prince- 
ton university  of  New  Jersey. 

Richardson,  Rufus  Byan,  soldier,  educa- 
tor. arch;ieologist,  author,  was  born  April 
18,  1845,  in  Westford,  Mass.  He  served  in 
the  civil  war.  In  1893-1903  he  was  director 
of  the  American  school  of  classical  studies 
at  Atliens,  Greece.  He  is  the  author  of 
N'acation  Days  in  Greece;  Greece  Through 
the  Stereoscope;  and  History  of  Greek 
Sculpture. 

Richardson,  T.,  journalist,  publisher,  was 
born  Oct.  22,  1844,  in  Port  Gibson,  Miss. 
For  eighteen  years  he  has  been  an  alderman 
of  his  native  city;  postmaster  for  twenty 
years,  and  a  delegate  to  the  republican  na- 
tional conventions  of  1884  and  1896.  He 
is  flie  editor  and  owner  of  the  Vidette  of 
Port  Gibson,  Miss. 

Richardson,  Warfield  Creath,  educator, 
jitunialist.  chemist,  geologist,  author,  poet, 
was  born  June  23,   1823,  in   Maysville,  Ky. 

In  1843  he  graduated 
from  the  university 
of  Alabama  as  A.M.; 
and  has  received  the 
honorary    degrees    of 

I'-  '  Ph.D.  and  and  LL.D. 

^^-  He  has  been  at  difler- 

f  cut  times  professor  of 

chemistry,  mineralo- 
••^ai^  Sy,  geologj',  Greek  and 
_  ^  itSffm^^.  Engli-sh  literature  in 
the  university  4>f  Al- 
abama. He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Caspar,  a  met- 
rical ronnmce;  and  the  Fall  of  the  Alamo, 
an   f'pic  pr)em. 

Richardson,  William  Adams,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, stale  legislator,  author,  cabinet  oflicer, 
was  born  Nov.  2,  1821,  in  Tynsborough, 
-Mass.      In   1855  he  was  appointed  to  revise 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the  statutes,  of  Massachusetts;  and  subse- 
quently was  appointed  to  edit  the  annual 
sup])h'inents  to  the  general  statutes,  which 
he  continued  to  do  for  twenty-two  years. 
In  1856-71  he  was  a  judge  of  probate.  He 
became  assistant  secretary  of  the  treasury 
department;  and  in  1871  went  to  Europe 
as  a  financial  agent  for  the  government. 
In  1873-74  he  was'  secretary  of  the  treas- 
ury, and  in  1875-96  was  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  United  States  court  of  claims. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Banking  Laws 
of  Massachusetts;  History  of  the  Court  of 
Claims;  Practical  Information  Concerning 
the  United  States  Public  Debt;  and  Nation- 
al Banking  Laws.  He  died  Oct.  19,  1896, 
in    \Vashington,    D.C. 

Richardson,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist congressman,  was  born  in  Athens,  Ala. 
He  entered  the  confederate  states  army  as  a 

private  when  sixteen 
years  old;  was  wound- 
ed three  times;  and 
the  last  wound,  receiv- 
ed at  Chickamauga,  to- 
tally disabled  him. 
After  the  civil  war  he 
was  elected  to  the 
house  of  representa- 
tives of  Alabama.  He 
was  county  judge  for 
twelve  years ;  was 
candidate  for  govern- 
or of  Alabama  in 
1890;  and  three  times  made  the  race  for 
congressional  nomination  against  General 
Joseph  E.  Wheeler.  In  1901-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Alabama  to  the  fifty- 
seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  six- 
ty-first, sixty-second  and  sixty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Richardson,  William  Alexander,  soldier, 
lawyer,  congressman,  United  States  sena- 
tor, governor,  was  born  Oct.  11,  1811,  in 
Fayette  county,  Ky.  In  1835  he  was  elect- 
ed state  attorney;  in  1836  a  member  of  the 
Illinois  state  legislature,  and  in  1838  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate.  In  1844  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  legislature,  and  made 
speaker  of  the  house.  He  was  a  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1844.  In  1846  he  served  as 
captaii  in  the  Mexican  war.  In  1847- 
57  and  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
Illinois  to  the  thirtieth,  thirty-first,  thirty- 
srcoiid.  thiriy-third,  thirty-fourth  and  thir- 
ly-seventh  coiigi esses.  In  1857-61  lie  was 
governor  of  the  territory  of  Nebraska.  In 
1863-65  he  was  United  States  senator  to 
fill  a  vacancy.  He  died  Dec.  27,  1875,  in 
(,)uincy,    111. 

Richardson,  William  Merchant,  lawyer, 
in.rist,  congressman,  aulhor,  was  born  Jan. 
■4,  1774.  in  Pelham,  N.H.  In  1811-15  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to 
the  twelfth  and  thirteenth  congress.  In 
1814  he  removed  to  Portsmouth,  N.H. ;  and 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  New  Hampshire  in   1816.     He  was 


the  author  of  The  New  Hampshire  Justice, 
and  The  Town  Otlicer;  and  a  considerable 
portion  of  the  first  and  second  volumes  of 
The  New  Hampshire  Reports  was  drawn  up 
by  him.  He  died  March  3,  1838,  in  Ches- 
ter,  N.H. 

Richardson,  William  Pitt,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  ma- 
jor in  the  twenty-fifth  regiment  Ohio  in- 
fa.itry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Aug. 
4,    1886. 

Riche,  George  Inman,  lawyer,  educator, 
was  born  Jan.  21,  1833,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Dnring  the  civil  war  he  was  paymaster  of 
United  States  volunteers;  and  in  1864-67 
he  was  a  member  of  the  common  council. 
He  is  best  known  for  his  educational  work. 
In  1867-86  he  was  the  principal  of  the 
Philadelphia  high  school.  He  died  in  1888 
in    Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Richey,  Isabel  Grimes,  poet,  was  born 
in  Lancaster,  Mo.  She  is  author  of  a  vol- 
ume of  poems  entitled  A  Harp  of  the 
West. 

Richey,  Thomas,  congressman,  w^as  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1847-49  and  1853-55 
he  was  a  rei)rescntative  from  Ohio  to  the 
thirtieth  and  thirty-third  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Richings,  Caroline  Mary,  musician,  sing- 
er, wa-.  born  in  1827  in  England.  In  1847 
she  made  her  iirst  appearance  on  the  stage 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1852  she  appeared 
in  opera;  and  for  many  seasons  was  prima 
donna  of  an  opera  troupe.  In  1874  she  re- 
tired from  the  stage  to  become  a  teacher 
of  music.  She  died  Jan.  14,  1884,  in  Rich- 
mond,  Va. 

Richings,  Peter,  actor,  was  born  May  19, 
1797,  in  London,  England.  In  1843  he  was 
lessee  of  the  llolliday  street  theatre  of  Bal- 
timoi-e;  and  in  1845-54  was  connected  with 
the  Walnut  street  theatre  of  Philadelphia, 
both  as  stage-nianaser  and  manager.  He 
died   Jan.    18,    1871.  "in   Media,   Pa. 

Richman,  Irving  Berdine,  lawyer,  diplo- 
mat, author,  was  born  Oct.  27,  1861,  in 
Muscatine,     fo\\a.      In    1883    he    graduated 

from  the  state  uni- 
versity of  Iowa  and 
subsequently  received 
the  degree  of  A.M. 
from  that  institution. 
He  studied  law  with 
his  father;  and  in 
1885  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  his 
profession.  In  1889 
and  1891  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Iowa 
lioiise  of  representa- 
tives. He  was  tcm- 
ul  llie  Iowa  democratic 
that    nominated    Horace 


porary  chaiiiuiui 
stnle  convention 
Boies  for  governor;  and  in  1892  was  a 
democratic  candidate  for  ])residential  elec- 
tor. In  1893-98  he  was  United  States  con- 
sul   to    Switzerland.      He    is    the    author    of 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Jolui  Brown  Among  the  Quakers,  and  Oth- 
er Skftches;  Appenzell,  Pure  Denioeraey 
and  Pa.storal  Life  in  Inner  Rhoden ;  Rliode 
Lsland,  Its  :Making  and  Its  Meaning;  and 
Rhode  Ishind.  American  Coniinonwealth 
Series. 

Richmond,  Dean,  merchant,  railroad  pres- 
ident, was  born  :March  31,  1804,  in  Barn- 
ard.  \t.     He  began   his  business  career  by 

manufacturing  salt. 
He  was  president  of 
the  Lake  shore  and 
Michigan  railroad  for 
a  number  of  years. 
He  moved  to  Butl'alo 
in  1842,  and  after  the 
consolidation  of  the 
railroads  forming  the 
New  York  Central  he 
moved  to  Batavia, 
N.Y.  He  was  first 
vice-president  of  the 
company;  was  elected 
its  president  in  18G4,  and  was  the  first 
American  railroad  man  to  advocate  the  lay- 
ing of  steel  rails.  He  died  Aug.  27,  1866, 
in    Xew  York   City. 

Richmond,  Mrs.  Euphemia  Johnson,  lit- 
terateur, author,  was  born  in  1825  near 
Mount  I'pton,  N.V.  She  is  tlie  author  of 
ll-.>nf  Raymond;  Two  Paths;  The  McAllis- 
ters, a  temperance  tale;  The  Jewelled  Ser- 
pent: Tiie  Fatal  Dower;  Anna  INIaynard,  the 
King's  Dangliter;  Harry  the  Prodigal; 
Alice  (Jrant:  Rose  Clifton;  Scripture  Prim- 
er; and  Dividing  f)f  tlie  Ways. 

Richmond,  Mrs.  Grace  S.,  writer,  author, 
was  born  in  I'awtucket,  R.I.  She  is  the 
author  of  The  Indillerence  of  Juliet;  The 
SeC(md  N'iolin ;  and  With  Juliet  in  Eng- 
land. 

Richmond,  Hiram  H.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  17,  1810,  in  Chautau- 
qua, X.Y.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  representa- 
tive fiom  Penn-^ylvania  to  llie  forty-third 
congres-i.      He  died   in   Meadville,   Pa. 

Richmond,  Jacob  L.,  soldier,  farmer,  law- 
yer, l)Usine^^s  man.  was  born  Jiuie  l(i,  1830, 
in  Wayne,  N.Y.  He  received  liis  education 
in  the  common  and  h'gh  schools  and  attend- 
ed a  commercial  college  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  served  as  a  union  soldier  during  the 
civil  war;  wa--  commissioned  lirst  lieuten- 
ant; and  promoted  to  captain  for  bravery 
and  efliciency  'during  tin-  siege  of  Vicksburg. 
For  fifteen  successive  years  he  was  inspec- 
lor  of  customs;  has  been  United  States  cir- 
cuit court  commissioner;  and  was  clerk 
of  the  (list ret  court  for  fifteen  years.  He 
Itas  filled  the  oflice  of  justice  of  the  peace, 
rnd  various  other  public  ollices  of  trust. 
He  is  prominent  in  the  masonic  and  other 
fraiernil  orders;  and  resides  in  Minnewau- 
kan    N.D. 

Richmond,  James  Buchanan,  soldier,  law- 
yer, congre.-'sman.  was  born  in  Turkey  Cove, 
Va.  He  served  in  the  confederate  army; 
and    became    lieiiteiiant-colond.       In     1879- 


81  he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  forty-sixth   congress  as  a  democrat. 

Richmond,  James  Cook,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1808  in  Providence,  R.I. 
He  traveled  extensively  in  Europe.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  Visit  to  Iowa  in  1846;  A 
^lidsummer  Day  Dream;  and  Mctacoraet, 
the  first  canto  of  an  epic  poem.  He  died 
July  20.    1800.   in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 

Richmond,  Jewett  M.,  manufacturer, 
banker,  was  born  Dec.  9,  1830,  in  Salina, 
N.V.      In    1804   he  was  a   manufacturer  and 

dealer  in  salt  and 
ilonr.  In  1860  he  be- 
came engaged  in  the 
grain,  commission  and 
storage  business.  In 
1807  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  Ma- 
rine bank  of  Buffalo, 
N.Y. ;  and  was  also 
])resident  of  the  Buf- 
falo and  Jamestown 
railroad.  He  was 
president  of  the  Buf- 
falo mutual  gaslight 
companj';  and  president  of  the  Buffalo  li- 
brary.    He  died  in  1899  in  Buffalo,  N.Y. 

Richmond,  Jonathan,  pioneer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1774  in  Bristol,  Mass.  He 
was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  western  New 
York  in  1813;  and  was  once  collector  of  the 
customs  for  the  United  States.  In  1819- 
21  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  tiie  sixteenth  congress.  He  died  July  29, 
18.j3.   in   Cayuga,  N.Y. 

Richmond,  Lewis,  soldier,  merchant,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  ^larch  12,  1824,  in  Provi- 
dence, R.I.  During  the  civil  war  he  at- 
tained tlie  rank  of  brigadier-general.  In 
1875  he  was  appointed  United  States  con- 
sul in  Ireland;  subsequently  in  Italy;  and 
in  1884  was  apjiointed  minister  resident  at 
Lislion.   Portugal. 

Richmond,  Mary  E.,  philanthropTst,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  5,  1861,  in  Belleville, 
III.  In  1891  she  became  general  secretary 
of  the  Baltimore  charitj'  organization  soci- 
etv;  and  filled  the  same  position  in  Phila- 
■reli.hia  in  1900-09.  In  1909  she  took 
charge  of  the  charity  organization  extension 
work  of  the  Russell  Sage  foiuidation.  She 
is  the  author  of  Friendlv  Visiting  Among 
tlii>  Poor:  and  The  (Uxul  Neighbor  in  the 
.Moilern  City. 

Richmond,  Mary  Elizabeth  Mead,  jiliilan- 
Ihropist,  was  born  in  dune,  1S13.  in  Tmy. 
.N.\.  In  1853-95  the  Kichmond  memorial 
1  brary  building  of  Batavia  was  erected  by 
her  at  a  cost  of  thirty  thousand  dollars, 
in  memory  of  her  son.  Dean  KichnKUid,  who 
dieil  in  1885.  Sli(>  performed  many  gener- 
ous acts.     He  died  in   1895  in  Batavia,  N.Y. 

Richmond,  Perez,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1777- 
7.S  he  was  an  associate  jnstice^  of  the  su- 
preme   court    of    Rhode    Island. 

Richmond,    Mrs.    Sarah    Abigail    Adams, 


8 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


philanthropist,  was  born  in  1821  in  Maine. 
She  founded  the  House  of  Mercy,  and  the 
New  York  infant  asylum.  She  died  Jan.  1, 
1860,   in  New  York  City. 

Richmond,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1750-61  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Rhode  Island. 

Richsecker,  Theodore,  merchant,  was  born 
June  7,  1846,  in  Canal  Dover,  Ohio.  *  In 
1868  he  entered  the  drug  business;  and  sev- 
en years  later  was  sole  proprietor  of  a 
large  drug  store  in  New  York  City.  He 
made  a  specialty  of  fine  perfumery  and  toi- 
let   goods. 

Richter,  Henry  Joseph,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  April  9,  1838,  in  Germany.  He 
was  made  vice-president  of  Mount  St. 
Mary's  seminary  in  1865;  where  he  was 
professor  of  dogma,  philosophy  and  liturgy 
until  1870.  He  founded  the  church  of  St. 
Laurence;  and  was  director  of  the  academy 
of  Mount  St.  Vincent.  On  the  establish- 
ment of  the  diocese  of  Grand  Rapids,  Mich., 
he  was  consecrated  its  first  Roman  catholic 
bishop  in   1883. 

Rickard,  Thomas  Arthur,  civil  engineer, 
geologist,  author,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1804, 
in  Italy,  of  English  parents.  Since  1885  he 
has  been  engaged  as  a  mining  engineer;  and 
in  1895-1901  was  state  geologist  of  Colo- 
rado. He  is  the  author  of  The  Stamp-Mill- 
ing of  Gold  Ores;  Across  the  San  Juan 
Mountain ;  The  Sanipling  and  Estimation  of 
Ore  in  A  Mine;  The  Copper  Mines  of  Lake 
Superior;    and   Recent   Cyanide   Practice. 

Rickards,  John  Ezra,  merchant,  legisla- 
tor, governor,  was  born  July  23,  1848,  in 
Delaware  City,  Del.     In  1870  he  located  in 

Colorado,  and  nine 
years  later  in  Cali- 
fornia; and  in  1882 
in  Butte  City,  Mont., 
which  has  since  been 
his  home.  In  1888 
and  again  in  1892  he 
was  elected  to  repre- 
sent the  laymen  of 
Montana  in  the  gen- 
eral conference  of  the 
methodist  episcopal 
church.  He  served  as 
a  member  of  the 
Butte;  was  a  member 


legislature 


board  of  aldermen  in 
of  the  upper  house  territorial 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention ;  then  became  lieutenant-govern- 
or; and  in  1893-97  was  the  second  governor 
of  Montana;  and  was  popularl}^  known  as 
Montana's  model  governor.  He  was  instru- 
mental in  the  establishment  of  a  reform 
scuool.  In  1900  he  was  supervisor  of  census 
for  Montana;  and  since  1903  has  been  spe- 
cial agent  for  the  United  States  department 
of  agriculture. 

Ricker,  Mrs.  Marilla  M.,  educator,  law- 
yer, i)liilaiithro])ist,  author,  was  born  March 
18,  1840,  in  New  Durham,  N.ll.  For  sev- 
eral  years   sise  was   engaged   in   educational 


work;  and  subsequently  she  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  licensed  to  practice  before 
the  United  States  supreme  court.  She  is 
a  United  States  commissioner  and  examin- 
er in  chancery  at  Washington,  D.C.  She 
has  attained  success  in  law  and  as  a  politi- 
cal writer;  and  is  an  active  member  of  the 
national  legislative  league  at  Washington, 
D.C. 

Ricker,  Nathan  Clifford,  architect,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  24,  1843,  in  Acton, 
Maine.  He  is  professor  of  architecture  of 
the  university  of  Illinois.  He  is  president 
of  the  Illinois  state  board  examiners  of 
architects.  He  is  the  author  of  Trussed 
Roofs ;  also  text-books  and  translations  is- 
sued in  blue-print  form  for  students. 

Rickert,  Joseph  W.,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  July  9,  1840,  in  Vicksburg,  Miss. 
He  has  been  county  superintendent  of 
schools.  He  has  attained  success  in  the 
practice  of  law;  and  served  two  terms  as 
state's  attorney.  He  has  served  one  term 
as  a  state  representative;  and  in  1882-92 
was  a  member  of  the  Illinois  state  senate. 
Ricketson,  Walton,  sculptor,  was  born 
May  27,  1839,  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.  He 
was   educated   in   Frends'   academy   of  New 

Bedford,  Mass.  Since 
1870  he  has  been  en- 
gaged as  a  sculptor. 
Among  his  works  are 
portrait  busts  of  A. 
B.  Alcott,  Louise  M. 
Alcott,  H.  D.  Thor- 
eau,  George  William 
Curtis  and  R.  W.  Em- 
erson ;  and  also  in- 
taglion  and  base  re- 
liefs. He  was  the 
projector  and  design- 
er of  the  Gosnold  me- 
le  Island  of  Cuttyhunk, 
sister,  Miss  Anna  Rick- 
etson have  edited  Daniel  Ricketson  and  His 
Friends;   and  New  Bedford  of  the  Past. 

Ricketts,   James  Brewerton,   soldier,   was 


morial   tower   on    th 
Mass.     He  and  his 


born 
1839 


Fune  21.  1817,  in  New  York  City.     In 
he 


graduated 


from  the  United  States 
military  academy.  In 
lS(i4  he  passed  from 
the  campaign  against 
Richmond  to  the  de- 
fence of  Washington, 
when  threatened  by 
(Jeneral  Early;  and 
then  took  part  under 
Sheridan  in  the  pur- 
suit through  the  Val- 
ley, receiving  at  Ced- 
ar Cre(?k  a  wound 
which  disabled  him 
for  the  winter.  He 
received  the  brevets  of  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers in  1804,  and  of  l)rigadier  and  major- 
general  in  the  regular  army  in  18(i5;  and 
was  sr.])se(|uently  retired,  lie  died  Sept.  22, 
1887,   in   Washington,   D.C. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Rickert,  Martha  Edith,  educator,  author, 
was  born  .hily  11,  1871,  in  Canal  Dover, 
Ohio.  In  18',)i-94  she  tauglit  school  in  Cook 
countv,  111.;  and  in  lS94-i)(!  taught  in  the 
Hvde'park  high  scliool  of  Chicago,  111.  She 
is'the  author  of  Out  of  the  Cypress  Swamp; 
The  Reaper;  and  Early  English  Text  So- 
ciety. 

Ricketts,  Louis  Davidson,  mining  engi- 
neer, author,  was  horn  Dee.  19,  1S59,  in  Elk- 
ton,  JMd.  In  1890-19()t>  he  was  a  consulting 
engineer  of  the  Phelps,  Dodge  and  com- 
pany's mining  interests  in  the  southwest; 
and  since  1907  has  been  general  manager 
of  the  (heene  Cananea  cop[)er  company  of 
Sonora,  Jlex.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Ores 
of  Leadville  and  Their  Mode  of  Occurrence; 
and  (icologic;!!   Tveports  of  Wyoming. 

Ricketts,  Palmer  Chamberlaine,  educator, 
civil  engineer,  author,  was  born  Jan.  17, 
1856,  in  Elkton,  ]\Id.  Since  1901  he  has 
been  president  and  director  of  the  Rens- 
selaer polytechnic  institute  of  Troy,  N.Y. 
He  is  the'  autiior  of  History  of  the  Rens- 
selaer   rolyteeluiic   Institute. 

Rickoff,  Andrew  Jackson,  educator,  was 
born  Aug.  2:!,  1824,  in  Mercer,  N.J.  The 
credit  is  awarded  him  of  reorganizing  the 
schools  both  of  Cineiiniati  and  Cleveland, 
and  largely  influencing  the  school  systems 
in  Ohio.  Since  1888  he  has  had  charge  of 
Felix  Adler's  Workingman's  school.  He 
died  in   1899  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Ricks,  Augustus  J.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Feb.  10,  184;i,  near  Massillon, 
Ohio.  He  served  in  the  civil  war.  In  1890- 
1901  he  was  United  States  district  judge 
for  the  northern  district  of  Ohio.  He  died 
in    i90(i   in    Cleveland.   Ohio. 

Ricks,  James  Benjamin,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Dec.  2;J,  18.')2,  in  Christian  coun- 
ty, III.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Taylorville  and  Springfield;  and 
for  three  years  attended  the  Illinois  Wes- 
li'van  university  at  Bloomington..  In  1876- 
80  lie  was  police  court  magistrate  of  Tay- 
lorville, HI.  He  was  master  in  chancery 
for  his  county  in  1880-82;  special  examiner 
and  su])eivising  examiner  of  the  United 
States  iK'nsion  bureau  in  188.5-89;  and  in 
188.)-86  was  acting  .states  attorney  for 
Christian  count  v.  HI.  In  1890-92  he  was 
mayor  of  Taylorville.  III.  In  188.)-80  he 
was  grand  eliancel'or  of  the  order  of  knights 
of  I'ythias  of  Illinois.  In  1901-06  he  was 
an  associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Illinois.  He  ilicd  July  23.  190(;, 
in     Taylorville.    111. 

Ricord,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Stryker,  littera- 
teui',  autlif)r,  was  born  in  1788  on  Long 
Island.  She  was  an  educator  of  (Jeneva, 
N.Y. ;  and  after  1845  a  resident  of  New- 
ark, N..1.  She  was  the  author  of  I'iiiloso|)liy 
of  the  Mind;  and  Zamba  or  the  Insurrec- 
tion, a  Drannitic  Poem.  She  died  Oct.  10, 
ISO."),   in   Newark.  N.J. 

Ricord,    Frederick   William,    lawyer,   edu- 


eaior,  jurist,  author,  poet,  was  born  Oct. 
7,  1819,  in  West  Indies.  He  was  state  su- 
perintendent of  public  schools  of  New  Jer- 
sey in  1860-63;  mayor  of  Newark  in  1870- 
73,  and  associate  judge  of  the  various  coun- 
ty courts  in  1875-79.  He  was  the  author  of 
History  of  Rome;  The  Youth's  Grammar; 
I'higlisii  Songs  from  Foreign  Tongues;  and 
The  Self -Tor  mentor,  from  the  Latin  of  Ter- 
entius,  with  More  Englisli  Songs.  He  died 
Aug.    12.    1897,   in  Newark,  N.J. 

Ricord,  Jean  Baptiste,  physician,  natural- 
ist, author,  was  born  in  1777  in  France. 
He  was  a  French  physician  and  natur- 
alist of  New  Y'^ork  City.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Improved  French  Crammar;  and 
several  French  works.  He  died  in  1837  in 
the   \Vest  Indies. 

Riddell,  John  Leonard,  physician,  educa- 
tor, inventor,  author,  was  born  Feb.  20, 
1807,  in  Leyden,  Mass.  He  was  melter 
and  refiner  at  the  United  States  mint  in 
New  Orleans;  and  the  inventor  of  a  binocu- 
lar microscope  and  magnifying  glass,  and 
discovered  the  niicroseopical  characteristics 
of  ;li(>  blood  and  black  vomit  in  yellow  fe- 
ver. He  first  brought  to  notice  the  botani- 
cal wnus  Riddel lia,  which  was  named  for 
him.     He  died  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Ridder,  Henry,  publisher,  was  born  Nov. 
18,  1863,  in  New  Y^ork  City.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  De  LaSalle  college  of  New 
^'ork  City.  He  has  always  been  in  the  pub- 
hsiiing  business;  and  is  president  and  treas- 
urer  of    Tl-e   Catholic  News. 

Riddle,    Albert    Gallatin,    lawyer,    author, 
congressman,    was    born    May    28,    1816,    in 
Monson,   ]\Iass.     In    1861-63   he   was   a   rep- 
.  resentative  fro  m 

Ohio  to  the  thirty- 
seventh  congress;  and 
subsequently  prac- 
ticed law  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  was 
the  author  of  The 
F   "^  .  House  of  Ross;    Bart 

R  i  d  g  e  1  e  y  ;  Alice 
Brand;  The  Tory's 
Daugiiter;  Mark 

Loan;  The  Portrait; 
Personal  Recollec- 

tions of  War  Times; 
Students  and  Lawyers;  Life  of  Benjamin 
Wade;  Life  of  Garfield;  Speeches  and  Ar- 
guments; Castle  Gregory;  Hart  and  His 
Hear;  and  The  Sugar-Makers  of  the  West 
Woods.  He  di.'d  May  16,  1902,  in  Wash- 
ington.   D.C. 

Riddick,  James  Edward,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, jurist,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1849,  in  Fay- 
ette county.  Tenn.  In  1872  lie  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  Gainesville,  Ark.;  and 
was  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  second 
circuit  of  Arkansas  in  1876-78.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Arkansas  state  legislature 
ill  1879.  In  1886-94  he  was  judge  of  the 
second    circuit    of    Arkansas;    and    in    1894- 


10 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1902  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Arkansas.  He  died  in  1907  in 
Little   Rock,  Ark. 

Riddle,  George,  educator,  elocutionist, 
was  born  Sept.  22,  1851,  in  Charlestown, 
Mass.  He  was  instructor  in  elocution  at 
Harvard  university.  He  has  given  read- 
ings in  the  principal  cities  of  the  United 
States,  the  most  successful  of  which  are 
Shakespeare's  IMidsummer-Night's  Dream. 

Riddle,  George  Peabody,  actor,  elocution- 
ist, was  born  Sept.  22,  1851,  in  Charleston, 
Mass.  In  1874  he  made  his  first  appearance 
as  an  actor  in  Norwich,  Conn.  In  1878  he 
was  appointed  instructor  in  elocution  at 
Harvard  university.  Since  1881  he  has  de- 
voted his  public  life  to  giving  readings  in 
the  principal  cities  of  the  United  States. 
His  repertoire  includes  ]\Iacbeth;  Antigone 
:;nd  Oedipus  at  Colonos;  eighteen  plays  of 
Shakespeare  and  five  plays  of  Victor  Hugo, 
and  many  miscellaneous  programs.  He  has 
edited  A  Modern  Reader  and  Speaker;  and 
George   Riddle's    Readings. 

Riddle,  George  Reade,  civil  engineer,  law- 
yer, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1817  in  New  Castle,  Del.  He  was  ap- 
pointed deputy  attorney-general  for  his  na- 
tive county,  which  position  he  held  until 
1850.  In  1851-55  he  was  a  representative 
from  Delaware  to  the  thirty-second  and 
thirty-third  congresses;  and  in  1864-67  was 
a  United  States  senator.  He  died  March  20, 
1867,    in    Washington,    D.C. 

Riddle,  H.  T.,  congressman.  He  was  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  to  the  forty- 
fourth   congress. 

Riddle,  Haywood  Yancey,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  20,  18.34.  in  Van 
Buren,  Tenn.  In  1865-75  he  was  clerk  and 
master  of  the  Lebanon  chancery  court.  In 
1875-79  he  was  a  representative  from  Ten- 
nessee to  the  forty-fourth  and  forty-fifth 
consrresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in 
Ti'nnessee. 

Riddle,  Matthew  Brown,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Oct.  17,  1836,  in 
Pittsburg,  Pa.  He  attended  Western  uni- 
versity and  gradu- 
ated from  Jefferson 
college  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. In  1881-87  'he 
was  professor  at 
Hartford  theological 
seminary;  and  since 
1887  he  has  been 
professor  at  the 
Western  theological 
seminary.  lie  was 
an  original  member 
of  the  new  testament 
revision  committc^e 
formed  in  1871;  translated  and  edited  the 
epistles  to  the  Romans,  Galatians,  Ephes- 
ians,  and  Colossians  in  the  American  edi- 
tion of  Lange's  Commentary;  contributed 
to  Rev.  Dr.  Philip  SchafY's  "Popular  Ilhis- 
trati'd  Commentary  on  the  New  Testa- 
ment;   and    to    liis    International    Revision 


Commentary.  He  is  also  the  author  of 
live  volumes  of  Notes  on  Sunday  School 
Lessons;  and  since  1893  has  written  Notes 
on  ^Sunday  School  Lessons  for  the  Sunday 
School  Times. 

Riddle,  Oscar,  educator,  scientist,  was 
born  Sept.  27,  1877,  in  Cincinnati,  Ind.  He 
has  received  the  degrees  of  A.B  and  Ph.D. 
He  has  taught  biology  in  San  Juan  and 
physiology  in  St.  Louis  and  Chicago,  be- 
coming professor  of  zoology  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Chicago.  Since  1911  he  has  been 
research  associate  in  the  Carnegie  institu- 
tion; and  is  a  noted  investigator  in  ex- 
jyerimental   zoology. 

Riddleberger,  Harrison  Holt,  soldier,  hiAv- 
yer,  state  legislator,  United  States  sena- 
tor, was  born  Oct.  4,  1844,  in  Edinburg, 
\sL.  He  was  elected  a  representative  in 
tlie  Virginia  state  legislature  in  1871,  and 
again  in  1873.  He  was  elected  a  common- 
wealth attorney  in  1875  and  1879;  and  in 
the  latter  year  was  elected  state  senator. 
He  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1876  and 
1880; and  in  1883-89  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  "\'irginia.  He  died  Jan.  24, 
1890.    in    Woodstock,   Va. 

Rideal,  Charles  Frederick,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  June  10,  1858,  in 
England.  He  studied  for  the  medical  pro- 
fession, but  subsequently  engaged  in  jour- 
nalistic work.  He  is  one  of  the  original 
members  of  the  Vagabonds'  club;  and  of 
the  Playgoers'  club  of  London.  He  has 
(dited,  compiled  or  written  twenty-five  vol- 
umes  in   various  branches  of   literature. 

Rideing,  William  Henry,  litterateur, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  Feb.  17,  1853, 
in  England.  He  is  on  the  editorial  stall' 
of  The  Youth's  Companion.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Pacific  Railway  Illustrated;  A 
Saddle  in  the  Wild  West;  Boys  in  the 
Mountains  and  on  the  Plains;  Boys  Coast- 
wise; Stray  Moments  with  Thackeray; 
Alpenstock;  Young  Folks'  History  of  Lon- 
don; The  Boyhood  of  Living  Authors; 
Thackeray's  London;  A  Little  Upstart,  a 
novel;  In  the  Land  of  Lorna  Doone;  The 
Captured  Cunarder;  At  Hawarden  with 
Mr.  Gladstone;  and  How  Tyson  Came 
Home. 

Rideout,  Henry  Milner,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  25,  1877.  in  Calais.  Maine. 
In  1899-1904  he  was  an  instructor  in  Eng- 
lish at  Harvard  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Letters  of  Thomas  Gray;  Beached 
Keels;  The  Siamese  Cat;  Admiral's  Light; 
and    Dragon's    ISlnod. 

Rider,  George  Thomas,  educator,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Feb.  21,  1829,  in  Rice 
City,  R.I.  In  1860  he  removed  to  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.Y. ;  and  there  conducted  the 
Cottage  Hill  seminary  for  young  ladies  un- 
til 1874.  He  was  on  the  editorial  stalT  of 
the  New  York  Churchman.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Plain  INIusic  for  the  Book  of  Com- 
mon Prayer;  Lyra  Anglicana,  or  a  Hymnal 
of  Sacred  Poetry,  selected  from  the  Best 
Enalish    Writers,    and    arranged    after    the 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


11 


Order  of  the  Apostles'  Creed;  and  Lyra 
Americana,  or  Verses  of  Praise  and  Faith 
from  American  Poets.  He  died  Aug.  14, 
18D4.  in  New    York  City. 

Rider,  Henry  Closs,  educator,  founder, 
was  born  Dec.  14.  1832,  in  Espcrance,  N.Y. 
He  is  the  founder  and  present  superintend- 
ent of  the  Northern  New  York  institute 
for  deaf  mutes. 

Rider,  Ira  Edgar,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  17,  1868,  in  Jersey  City, 
N.J.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  New  York  City;  and  is  now  a  success- 
ful lawyer.  In  lOOS-Oo  he  was  a  demo- 
cratic reiiresentative  from  New  York  City 
to    tlic    fifty-eighth    congress. 

Ridgaway,  Henry  Bascom,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Sept.  7,  1830,  in 
Talbot  county.  ^Id.  He  was  a  methodist 
clergyman  and  educator  of  Illinois;  and 
in  1882-1)5  president  of  the  Garrett  Bibli- 
cal institute  at  Evanston,  111.  He  was  the 
author  of  Life  of  Alfred  Cookman;  The 
Lord's  Land,  or  Travels  in  Sinai  and  Pales- 
tine; and  Lives  of  Bishops  Janes,  Waugh, 
Simpson.     He  died  in  1895  in  Chicago,  111. 

Ridge,  Isaac  M.,  pliysician,  surgeon,  was 
burn  July  !).  1825,  in  Adair  county,  Ky.  In 
1848  he  began  to  practice  medicine  in  Kan- 
sas City,  and  for  several  years  Avas  a  mem- 
ber of  tlie  Kansas  City  state  council.  He 
«as    for   ten    years   city    jiliysician. 

Ridgeley,  Charles  Goodwin,  naval  officer, 
was  l)orn  in  Baltimore,  ^Md.,  in  1784.  He 
i  was  nuide  captain  in  1815.  He  was  in  charge 
of  the  Brooklyn  navy  yard  in  1832-3!);  and 
served  as  flag  officer,  commanding  the 
Brazil  squadron  in  1842-42.  He  did  Feb. 
8.   1848.  in   Baltimore,  Md. 

Ridgeley,  Henry  Moore,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, I'liited  States  senator,  was  born  in 
1788  in  Dover,  Del.  He  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Dover,  Del.  In  1811-15  he 
was  a  representative  from  Delaware  to  the 
twelftli  and  thirteentli  congresses;  and  in 
1S27-2!I  was  a  member  of  the  L^nited  States 
senate  from  that  state.  He  died  Aug.  7, 
IS  17,    in    Dover,    Del. 

Ridgely,  Benjamin  H.,  journalist,  diplo- 
mat, author,  was  born  July  13,  1861,  in 
Hidgcly,  .M(l,  Since  1892  lie  has  been  in 
the  (lipiomatic  service  of  the  Ignited  States; 
and  in  19(l4-ft8  was  Cnited  States  consul- 
general  at  Barcelona,  Spain,  He  was  tlie 
author  of  Tlie  Comedies  of  a  Consulate. 
He  died   Oct.  9,    1908.  in   Mexico. 

Ridgely,  Charles,  physician,  iawyir,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Ian,  26,  1738,  in  Dover,  Del. 
De  was  |)residing  ju<lge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  in  Kent  county.  He  was  a 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion; and  was  afterward  called  again  to 
the  bench,  wiiich  he  occuj)ieil  during  the 
n-mainder  of  his  life.  He  died  Nov.  25, 
1785,   in    Dover,   Del. 

Ridgely,  Charles,  soldier,  state  senator, 
•,'overnor,  was  horn  Dec,  6,  1762,  He  served 
in    the   state   senate;    and   was   the   twelfth 


governor  of  :Maryland  in  1815-18,  He  was 
also  brigadier-general  of  Marvland  militia. 
He  (lied  .luly   17,   1S29,  in  Hampton,  Md. 

Ridgely,  Daniel  Boone,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Aug.  1,  1813,  near  Lexington,  Ky. 
During  tlie  Mexican  war  he  jiarticipated 
in  the  bombardment  and  capture  of  Vera 
Cru/,  Tuspan,  Alvarado  and  Tampico  in 
1846-49,  In  1864-65  he  commanded  the 
steamer  Shenandoah  on  the  North  Atlantic 
blockade.  He  was  promoted  to  tlie  rank  of 
commodore  in  1866.  He  died  May  5,  1868, 
in   Pliiladelphia.  Pa. 

Ridgely,  Edwin  Reed,  soldier,  merchant, 
coiigressiiian,  was  born  ^lay  9,  1844,  in 
Crawford  county,  Kan,  He  extended  his 
cattle  operations  to  the  Pacific  coast,  in- 
ehuling  Washington  territory,  Oregon  and 
California.  He  lived  in  Ogden  in  1889-93, 
In  1897-1901  he  was  a  representative  from 
Kansas  to  tlie  fifty-fifth  and  fifty-sixth 
congresses    as    a    democrat. 

Ridgely,  Henry  Moore,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, United  States  senator,  w-as  born  in 
1778  m  Dover,  Del.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  congress  in  1811-15;  and  was  United 
States  senate  in  1827-29.  He  died  Aug.  7, 
18+7,   in   Dover,  Del. 

Ridgely,  James  Lot,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  27,  1807,  in  Baltimore,  :\Id,  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Baltimore  council  in 
1834-35;  of  the  state  house  of  delegates 
in  1838;  and  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tions of  1849  and  1864,  He  was  for  twelve 
years  register  of  wills  of  Baltimore  coun- 
ty; several  years  president  of  the  board 
of  education:  and  aided  in  establishing  the 
present  public  school  system  \n  1848,  He 
is  the  principal  author  of  the  various 
rituals  that  are  now  in  use.  He  was  the 
author  of  Odd-Fellowship;-  The  Odd-Fel- 
low's Pocket  Companion;  and  other  works 
of  a  similar  character.  He  died  Nov,  16, 
1881,    in    Baltimore,    Md. 

Ridgely,  Nicholas,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  was  born  Sept.  30.  1762,  in  Dover. 
Del.  He  was  attorney -general;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Delaware  legislature.  In  1801- 
30  he  was  chancellor  of  the  state  of  Dela- 
ware, He  died  April  1,  1830,  in  George- 
town.  Del, 

Ridgely,  Richard,  congressman.  In  1785- 
86  he  was  a  delegate  from  ^Maryland  to 
Ihe  continental  congress.  He  died  in  Marv- 
lan.l, 

Ridgway,  Henry  Bascom,  educator,  theo- 
hiyian,  aiiMior,  was  born  Sept.  7.  18:iO.  in 
Talhnt  ((.unty.  Md.  In  1884-95  lie  was 
I  resident  and  professor  of  practical  the- 
ology in  that  institution.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Life  of  .Alfred  Cookman:  The 
Lonl's  Land:  and  P>isliop  Mattlii'w  Simp- 
son, He  died  March  ."SO,  1895,  in  Kvaiis- 
ton.    111, 

Ridgway,  James,  congressman.  In  1837- 
39  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  twenty-fifth  congress.  He  died  in  Co- 
lumbus,  Ohio. 


12 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Ridgway,  Jacob  Elwood,  banker,  finan- 
cier, was  born  Aug.  14,  1824,  in  Salem, 
N.J.     At   the   age   of   sixteen  years   he  be- 

ffan  to  learn  the  car- 


r 


penter's 


M%' 


trade.  In 
1855  he  was  elected 
to  the  Philadelphia 
city  council  a  n  d 
served  until  1858.  In 
1859-62  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania state  legis- 
i  .    4  lature;    and   in    1862- 

_^^L    -"f^f^^^^^        68  was   a   member  of 
^^H<^^^M^^^|        the   state   senate.   He 

^^^B^fy^^Hn  ^'^^  *^"^  "^  ^^^^  found- 
^^^^^^^^^  ers  of  the  Union 
passenger  railway,  now  known  as  the  Phil- 
adelphia traction  company.  Several  large 
ships  were  also  built  by  him;  and  he  be- 
came one  of  the  largest  shipping  owners 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  also  a  real 
estate  dealer.  In  1889  he  was  one  of  the 
organizers  and  later  became  president  of 
the  Quaker  City  national  bank. 

Ridgway,  Joseph,  manufacturer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  May  6. 
1783,  on  Staten  Island,  N.Y.  In  1828-32 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  state  legis- 
lature. In  1837-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-fifth,  twenty- 
sixth  and  twenty-seventh  congresses.  He 
died  in  Ohio. 

Ridgway,  Robert,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  He  claimed  to  have  been  elect- 
ed to  the  fortieth  congress,  but  was  not 
admitted  to  take  liis  seat.  In  1869  was 
elected  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
forty-first  congress.  He  died  Oct.  16,  1869. 
in   Cool   Well,  Va. 

Ridgway,    Thomas    S.,    banker, 


president,      was      born 
White    county,    111 


to    the     Oliio    river; 

largely    the    result    of 

and   indomitable  perseverance.     In   1874 

was  elected  state  treasurer  of  Illinois. 


railroad 
Aug.  30,  1826,  in 
In  1850-65  he  was  a 
member  of  a  larire 
mercantile  house  of 
Mount  Carmel.  111. 
He  was  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the 
First  national  bank 
at  Shawneetown,  111. 
In  1867-74  he  was 
president  of  the 
Springfield  and  Illi- 
nois southern  rail- 
road. This  was  tlie 
pioneer  railroad  built 
from  Shawneetown 
and  its  existence  is 
lis  financial  ability 
he 
He 


died    in    1897    in   Sliawneetown,   111. 

Ridgway,  Robert,  ornithologist,  author, 
was  horn  July  2,  1850,  in  Mount  Carmel, 
111.  He  is  an  eminent  ornithologist  of 
Washington;  and  curator  of  the  department 
of  birds  in  the  National  museum  since 
1879.     He    is   the   author   of   The   Birds    of 


Illinois;  Ornithology  of  the  Fortieth  Paral- 
lel; Manual  of  North  American  Birds;  and 
Nomenclature  of  Colors. 

Ridlon,  Gideon  T.,  soldier,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  July  1,  1841,  in 
Hollis,  Maine.  During  the  civil  war  he 
served  in  the  union  army  in  the  seven- 
teenth and  twenty-seventh  regiments  of 
Maine  volunteer  infantry.  He  has  traveled 
extensively  in  Europe.  He  is  the  author 
of  A  History  of  the  Ancient  Ryedales; 
Burbank  Genealogy;  Hamblens  of  Beech 
Hill;  Saco  Valley  Settlements  and  Fami- 
lies; Pvambles  in  Europe;  Bannocks  of  Bul- 
lertown;  Quaint  Saints  of  Barleyville;  and 
Yeoman   Homes   of   New   England. 

Ridpath,  John  Clark,  educator,  author, 
poet,  was  born  April  26,  1S4I,  in  Putnam 
county,  Ind.  During  1864-85  he  filled  pro- 
fessorships in  various  colleges.  In  1885  he 
published  liis  Cyclopedia  of  Universal  His- 
tory in  four  volumes.  He  is  also  the  au- 
thor of  Life  and  Work  of  James  G.  Blaine; 
Popular  and  Academic  Histories  of  the 
United  States;  History  of  Texas;  Life  of 
(Jarfield;  Historj^  of  the  World;  Christopher 
Columbus;  Columbia,  a  Quadricentennial 
Story;  Great  Races  of  Mankind;  Epic  of 
Life,  a  poem;  and  Universal  Library  of 
Literature,  in  twenty-five  volumes.  He  died 
July  31,   1900,  in  New  York  City. 

Ried,  Samuel  Chester,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Aug.  25,  1783,  in  Norwich,  Conn.  He 
was  in  active  service  during  the  war  of 
1812;  and  regulated  the  pilotboats  and  sig- . 
nals  at  the  Battery  and  the  Narrows.  He 
was  aloo  designer  of  the  present  United 
States,  fiag.  He  died  Jan.  28;  1861,  in  New 
York   City. 

Rieley,  John  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1898 
he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  ap- 
peals  of   Virginia.     ^ 

Riely,  John  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Feb.  26,  1839,  in  Jefferson 
county,  Va.  In  1864  he  was  a  staff  officer 
in  the  confederate  army  with  the  rank  of 
major.  In  1871-94  he  was  attorney  of  the 
commonwealth  of  Halifax  county,  Va.;  and 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  appeals  of  Virginia.  He  died  in 
1900    in    Richmond,    Va. 

Ries,  Elias  Elkan,  mechanical  engineer, 
inventor,  was  born  Jan.  6,  1862,  in  Ger- 
mnny.  In  1876  he  became  a  telegraph  op- 
erator; and  in  1880 
b  e  c  a  m  e  identified 
with  the  develop- 
ment of  the  electric 
light  industry.  He 
is  president  and  gen- 
eral manager  of  the 
United  States  auto- 
matic telephone  com- 
pany of  New  York 
City.  In  1904  he  was 
a  member  of  the  in- 
ternational   electrical 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


13 


liul.      He    attended 


Riesman,  David,  physician,  author,  was 
born  :\laroh  25,  18G7,  in  Germany.  He  is 
associate  in  medicine  at  tlie  university  of 
Pennsylvania;  £UkI  visiting  physician  to 
the  Philadelpliia  and  Jewish  hospitals.  He 
is  associate  author  of  American  Text  Book 
of  Pathology. 

Rife,  John  W.,  soldier,  maiuifacturer, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  14,  184G,  in 
]\Iiddletown,  Pa.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
house  of  state  representatives  in  1885-8(). 
In  1889-93  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-lirst  and  fifty-sec- 
ond congresses  as  a  republican.  He  was 
president  of  the  Middletown  and  Hummels- 
lown  railroad   company. 

Rigdon,  Sidney,  printer,  was  born  Feb. 
19,  1793,  in  St.  Clair,  Pa.  It  is  said  that 
Rigdon  was  the  printer  who  first  made 
public,  in  connection  with  Joseph  Smith, 
The  Book  of  Mormon,  a  manuscript  given 
him  to  be  printed  by  one  Spaulding,  its 
author.  He  died  July  14,  1876,  in  Friend- 
ship.  N.Y. 

Rigdon,  Jonathan,  educator,  lecturer,  au- 
thor,   was    born    Dec.   22,    1858,    in   Kigdon, 

the  National  normal 
university  of  Leba- 
non, Ohio;  and  later 
took  the  philosophical 
course  in  the  Central 
normal  college  of 
Danville,  and  subse- 
quently graduated 
from  the  Boston  uni- 
versity. Since  1885 
he  has  filled  the  chair 
of  philosophy  and 
literary  criticism  in 
the  Central  normal 
college  of  Danville, 
Iiid.  He  is  a  successful  lecturer,  and  tlie 
author  of  a  series  of  grammars  that  have 
become  very  popular.  He  is  also  the  au- 
thor of  a  brief  Outline  of  Psychology;  and 
is  writing  a  more  extended  work  on  this 
subject.  His  lecture  on  The  Tempest  has 
attracted  widesi)read  attention,  and  he  has 
delivered  several  courses  of  lectures  in  In- 
diana designed  especially  for  teachers'  as- 
sociations and  literary  societies.  He  is  now 
president  of  the  Central  normal  college  at 
Danville,   Ind. 

Riggen,  John  A.,  soldier,  physician,  sur- 
geon, statesman,  was  born  Oct.  29,  1841,  in 
Stark  county.  111.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  eighteenth  regiment  Missouri  veteran 
volunteer  infantry  during  four  years'  serv- 
ice, and  was  promoted  to  corporal,  sergeant, 
sergeant-nuijor,  second  lieutenant  an<l  first 
lieutenant.  He  has  attained  prominence 
as  a  noted  physician  and  surgeon  of  Iowa 
at  What  Cheer;  was  president  of  the  Keo- 
kuk county  medical  society  in  188(i-87; 
was  senior  vice-commander  of  the  Iowa 
department  of  the  grand  army  of  the  re- 
jiublic  in  1888;  since  1882  has  been  divi- 
sion surgeon  of  the  Burlington,  Cedar  Rap- 
ids and  Northern  railroad.     During  1894-98 


he  served  with  distinction  as  state  senator 
in  the  Iowa  state  legislature,  and  was  on 
st'veral    important    committees. 

Riggs,  Mrs.  Anna  R.,  educator,  reformer, 
was  born  Jan.  28,  1835,  in  Cynthiana,  Ky. 
In  1870-81  she  was  financial  secretary  of 
the  Woman's  Educational  association,  in 
connection  with  the  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity of  Bloomington,  111.  She  then  removed 
with  her  husband  to  Portland,  Ore.,  and 
has  been  eight  years  state  president  of 
the  Woman's  christian  temperance  union. 
She  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  refuge 
for  fallen  girls,  since  changed  to  Florence 
Crittenton  home;  and  is  now  president  of 
the  board  of   managers. 

Riggs,  Edward,  educator,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  June  30,  1844,  in 
Smyrna,  Turkey.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Union  theological  seminary  of  New  York 
City.  Since  1876  he  has  been  connected 
with  the  Marsovan  theological  seminary; 
and  has  been  its  president  since  1901. 

Riggs,  Elias,  missionary,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  19,  1810,  in  New  Providence, 
N.J.  He  was  a  presbyterian  missionary  in 
Constantinople,  famous  as  a  linguist.  He 
was  the  author  of  Manual  of  the  Chaldee 
Language;  Grammar  of  the  Modern  Ar- 
menian *.anguage;  Notes  of  Difficult  Pass- 
ages of  the  New  Testament;  and  A  Har- 
mony of  the  Gospels,  in  Bulgarian.  He 
died  Jan.  20,  1901,  in  Constantinople,  Tur- 
key. 

Riggs,  George  Washington,  banker,  was 
born  July  4,  1813,  in  Georgetown,  D.C.  He 
formed  the  banking  house  of  Corcoran  and 
Riggs,  which  acquired  a  national  fame  dur- 
ing the  Mexican  war  by  taking  up  the  en- 
tire loan  that  was  called  for  by  the  gov- 
ernment in  1847  and  1848.  He  died  Aug. 
24.  1881,  in  Green  Hill,  Md. 

Riggs,  James  Milton,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  Avas  born  April  17,  1839, 
in  Scott  county.  111.  He  was  in  the  Illinois 
state  legislature  in  1870;  and  in  1872-76 
was  state's  attorney  for  Scott  county.  In 
1883-87  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nois to  the  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth 
congresses  as   a   democrat. 

Riggs,  James  Stevenson,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  July  16,  1853,  in 
New  York.  He  is  a  presbyterian  clergyman; 
professor  in  Auburn  theological  seminary 
since  1881.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Bible 
in  Art;  A  History  of  the  Jewish  People 
During  the  ]Maccabean  and  Roman  Periods; 
and  (!()s|)el  of  John. 

Riggs,  Jetur  R.,  physician,  state  senator, 
(•(ingressman,  was  born  June  20,  1809,  in 
Morris  county,  N.J.  He  served  two  years 
in  the  New  Jersey  legislature.  He  spent 
one  or  two  years  in  charge  of  the  hospi- 
tal at  Sutter's  Fort,  California.  In  1855-58 
hc»  was  in  the  state  senate  of  New  Jersey; 
and  in  1859-61  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  thirty-sixth  congress.  He 
died   Nov. '5,    1869,   in   Drakesville,  N.J. 

Riggs,  John  Davis  Seaton,  college  presi- 


14 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


dent,  autlior,  was  born  Jan.  29,  1851,  in 
Wasliiiigton,  Pa.  He  has  tilled  chairs  in  the 
leading  colleges;  and  in  1896-1905  was  pres- 
ident of  the  Ottawa  university,  Kansas.  He 
is  the  author  of  In  Latinum,  a  work  in 
Latin  prose  composition  in  two  volumes. 

Riggs,  John  F.,  educator,  public  official, 
was  born  Feb.  14,  1860,  in  Salem,  Iowa.  He 
received  the  rudiments  of  his  education  in 
the  public  schools;  attended  Whittier  col- 
lege; and  graduated  from  the  Iowa  Wes- 
leyan  university.  For  six  years  he  was 
county  superintendent  of  schools  for  Hen- 
ry county,  Iowa;  for  seven  years  was  city 
superintendent  of  schools  for  Mount  Pleas- 
ant, Iowa;  and  tor  four  years  was  city  su- 
perintendent of  schools  for  8igourney,  Io- 
wa. He  is  now  state  superintendent  of  pub- 
lic instruction  of  Iowa  for  the  term  of 
l!)04-()8. 

Riggs,  Mrs.  Kate  Douglas  Wiggin,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Sept.  28,  1857,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  She  assisted  Mrs.  Sarah  B. 
Cooper  in  organizing  the  California  kinder- 
garten training  schools.  She  is  the  author 
of  Timothy's  Quest;  Polly  Oliver's  Prob- 
lem; The  Birds'  Christmas  Carol;  The  Story 
of  Patsy;  A  Summer  in  a  Canon;  A 
Cathedral  Courtship;  Penelope's  Progress 
and  Penelope's  English  Experiences;  The 
Village  Watch-Tower;  Marm  Lisa;  and 
Nine  Love  Songs  and  a  Carol.  She  has 
also  written  in  collaboration  with  her 
sister,  Nora  Archibald  Smith,  The  Story 
Hour;  Children's  Rights;  and  The  Republic 
of    Childhood. 

Riggs,  Lewis,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Cortland  county,  N.Y.  In  1841-43  he  was  a 
representative  "from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
ty-seventh congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
in  New  York. 

Riggs,  Louis  Warner,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  13,  1862,  in  Georgetown, 
Maine.  Since  1899  he  has  been  instructor  of 
chemistry  in  the  medical  department  of 
Cormdl  university  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  autlior  of  Elementary  Manual  for 
tlie  Chemical   Laboratory. 

Riggs,  Stephen  Return,  missionary,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  23,  1812,  in  Steuben- 
ville,  Ohio.  He  was  a  missionary  to  the 
Indians  in  Minnesota  and  Dakota.  He  was 
the  author  of  Forty  Years  Among  the 
Sioux;  The  Bible  in  Dakota;  and  many 
translations  and  other  writings  relating  to 
the  Dakota  Indians.  He  died  Aug.  24,  1883, 
in    B(doit,   Wis. 

Righter,  Chester  Newell,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, was  born  Sept.  25,  1824,  in  Par- 
sippany,  N.J.  Extracts  from  his  letters  and 
journals  will  be  found  in  The  Bible  in  the 
Levant.  He  died  Dec.  16,  1856,  in  Turkey. 
Rightor,  Henry,  journalist,  underwriter, 
author,  poet,  was  born  Jan.  18.  1870,  in 
New  Orleans.  La.  He  was  educated  at  Tu- 
lane  university  of  Louisiana;  and  in  1885- 
87  was  a  cadet  in  the  United  States  naval 
academy.  In  1890-97  he  was  on  the  edi- 
torial staff  of  the  Times-Democrat  of  New 


Orleans,  La.;  and  was  the  founder  of  the 
By-the-Bye  column  and  author  of  the 
World's  fair  letters  in  that  publication.  He 
was  the  first  president  of  the  New  Orleans 
press  club.  He  is  resident  assistant  secre- 
tary of  the  American  surety  company.  He 
is  the  author  of  Harlequinade;  Standard 
History  of  New  Orleans;  Moons  and  Marsli- 
es,  a  volume  of  poems;  and  several  plays 
and  short  stories. 

Riis,  Jacob  August,  sociologist,  author, 
was  born  May  3,  1849,  in  Denmark.  He  is 
a  New  York  writer  on  social  problems.  He 
is  the  author  of  How  the  Other  Half  Lives; 
The  Children  of  the  Poor;  and  A  Ten  Years' 
War. 

Riker,  Albert  Birdsall,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Oct.  9, 
1852,  in  New  Albany,  Ohio.  He  graduated 
from  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university  of  Del- 
aware, Ohio.  For  several  years  he  was  su- 
per'ntendent  of  schools;  and  has  filled  pas- 
torates in  the  methodist  episcopal  church 
at  ^Vortllillgton,  Columbus  and  Athens, 
Ohio;  and  also  in  Chattanooga,  Wlieeling 
and  Charleston.  He  is  president  of  Mt.  Un- 
ion college  of  Alliance,  Ohio;  and  in  1900 
was  a  member  of  the  general  conference  of 
Ihc  methodist  episcopal  church. 

Riker,  James,  historian,  author,  was 
born  .May  11,  1822,  in  New  York  City.  He 
served  in  the  office  of  the  American  home 
missionary  society  in  1858-63;  and  in  the 
United  States  revenue  service  in  1864-67.  In 
1885  he  founded  a  library  in  Waverly,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Brief  History  of 
the  Riker  Family;  The  Annals  of  New- 
town ;  Harlem ;  Its  Origin  and  Early  An- 
nals; and  The  Indian  History  of  Tioga 
Countv.  He  died  July  15,  1889.  in  Waver- 
ly. N.Y. 

Riker,  Richard,  lawyer,  was  born  Sept.  9, 
1773,  in  Newtown,  L.I.,  N.Y.  In  1802-40 
he  was  district  attorney  for  New  York, 
Westchester  and  Queens  counties;  and  he 
was  recorder  of  the  city  in  1815-19,  1821- 
23  and  1824-38.  Fitz-Greene  Halleck  made 
Mr.  Riker  the  subject  of  his  poem,  The 
Recorder.  He  died  Sept.  26,  1842,  in  New 
York    City. 

Riker,  Samuel,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  on  Long  Island,  N.Y.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state  as- 
sembly in  1784:  and  in  1804-05  and  1807- 
09  was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  eighUi  and  tenth  congresses.  He  died  in 
New  York. 

Riley,  Benjamin  Franklin,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  July  16, 
1849,  in  Pineville.  Ala.  In  1872  he  entered 
the  ministry;  and  in  1888-93  was  president 
of  Howard  college  of  Alabama.  He  was 
])rofcssor  of  I^nglisli  literature  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Georgia  in  1893-1900.  He  is  the 
author  of  Alaoama  As  It  Is;  History  of 
Baptists  of  Texas;  and  History  of  Baptists 
of  the  South(>rn  States  East  of  the  Missis- 
sippi. 

Riley,    Bennett,    soldier,    was    born    Nov. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


15 


27,  1787,  in  Alexaiuliia,  Va.  He  received 
the  brevet  of  brigadier-general  in  1847  for 
gallajitry  at  Cerro  Ciorilo;  and  that  of  ma- 
jor-general in  1847  for  C'onlreras.  He  was 
appointed  military  governor  of  .California; 
and  served  as  the  first  chief  magistrate  of 
tlie  territory  and  until  the  admission  of  the 
state  into  the  union.  He  died  June  9, 
1853.  in  r.ullalo,  N.Y. 

Riley,  Cassius  M.,  physician,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  ijorn  April  Iti.  1844,  in  Delaware 
county,  Ohio.  In  1871-80  he  practiced  med- 
icine in  Ohio  and  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  and  since 
1892  has  been  professor  of  chemistry  and 
toxicology'  in  the  Barnes  university  of  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  .Since  1904  lie  has  been  dean  of 
the  Barnes  college  of  pharmacy.  He  is  the 
author  of  Toxicology. 

Riley,  Charles  Valentine,  entomologist, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  18,  1843,  in  Eng- 
land. He  was  at  one  period  state  ento- 
mologist of  ^Missouri ;  and  in  1881-95  in 
charge  of  the  entomological  division  of  the 
L  nited  States  department  of  agriculture. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Locust  Plague  in 
tlie  I'nited  States;  Potato  Pests;  and  Nox- 
ious Beneficial,  and  Other  Insects  of  Mis- 
souri. Me  (lied  Sept.  14,  1895,  in  Wash- 
ington,   D.C. 

Riley,  Elihu  Samuel,  lawyer,  author,  was 
boni  .May  2,  1845.  in  Annapolis,  Md.  He 
has  been  city  counselor  of  Annapolis,  Md. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Ancient  City,  a 
History  of  Annapolis,  Md.;  and  is  the  edi- 
tor and  com[iil('r  of  the  City  Code  of  An- 
napolis; the  .Maryland  ilantial;  and  the 
Memorial  \olume  of  the  Two  Hundredth 
Anniversary  of  the  Removal  of  the  Capitol 
(  f  Maryhmd  from  St.  Mary's  to  Annapolis. 

Riley,  Franklin  Lafayette,  educator,  au- 
Hmr.  was  born  Aug.  24,  18(38,  near  He- 
I  run.  Miss.  Since  1897  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  history  in.  the  university  of  Mis- 
sissippi. He  is  the  author  of  Colonial  Ori- 
gins of  New  England  Senates;  and  School 
History  of   Mississippi. 

Riley,  Henry  Hiram,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  1,  1813,  in  Great  Barrington, 
Mass.  Me  was  a  lawyer  of  Constantine, 
Mich.;  and  known  as  a  humorous  writer. 
He  was  tiif  autiior  of  Paildiefonl  and  Its 
People;  and  The  Paddlefcnd  Papers,  or  Hu- 
mors of  the  West.  He  died  Feb.  8,  1888, 
in    Constantine.    Mich. 

Riley,  James,  mariner,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  27,  1777.  in  Middletovvn,  Conn.  He  was 
a  mariner;  was  enslaved  by  the  Arabs  of 
Africa  in  1815;  and  ransomed  by  Mr.  Will- 
>liiir.  the  i'.rjtisli  cdn-ul,  at  .Mogadore.  In 
1821  he  settled  in  Ojiio;  and  founded  the 
town  of  Willshire,  namefl  in  honor  of  the 
eonsni.  From  his  journals  was  prepared, 
in  ]81(i.  tlie  Auth<'ntie  .\arrative  of  the 
Loss  of  the  American  Brig  Commerce  on 
the  West  Coast  of  Africa,  with  a  Descrip- 
tion of  Tinibuctoo.  Me  died  ^farch  15, 
1840,  at  sea. 


Riley,  James,  journalist,  orator,  poet,  was 
born  Aug.  15,  1848,  in  Ireland.  He  came 
to  Boston  in  1854,  and  was  educated  in  the 
public  scliools  of  Middleboro'  Mass.  For 
some  years  ^  he  was  editor  of  the  weekly 
Bouquet,  a  catholic  juvenile  paper  of  Bos- 
ton. Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  two  vol- 
umes of  verse,  Poems,  Songs  of  Two  Peo- 
ples; also  a  prose  work  entitled  The  Trans- 
mitted Word,  being  a  handbook  vtpon  the 
tele[)li()ne  and  Christy  of  Rathglin. 

Riley,  James  Whitcom^b,  author,  poet, 
was  born  about  1853,  in  Greenfield,  Ind. 
He  is  a  very  popular  poet  of  Indianapolis; 
and  his  dialect  poems  of  Hoosier  life  have 
been  greatly  praised.  His  earliest  work  ap- 
peared over  the  signature,  Ben  F.  Johnson 
of  Boone.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Old 
Swimmin'  Hole  and  'Leven  More  Poems; 
The  Boss  Girl,  and  Other  Sketches;  Af- 
terwhiles;  Old-Fashioned  Roses;  Pipes  o' 
Pan  at  Zekesbury;  Rhymes  of  Childhood; 
Flying  Islands  of  the*  Night;  Neighborly 
Poems;  An  Old  Sweetheart  of  Mine;  Green 
Fields  and  Running  Brooks;  Poems  Here 
at  Home;  Armazindy;  A  Child  World; 
llaggedy    ^lan;    and    Morning. 

Riley,  John  Campbell,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  Hi,  1828,  in  Georgetown,  D.C. 
In  1859  he  became  professor  of  materia  med- 
ica  and  therapeutics  in  the  national  medi- 
cal college  of  Washington,  D.C.  He  was 
Hie  author  of  Compend  of  Materia  Medica 
and  Therapeutics.  He  died  Feb.  22,  1879, 
in   Washington,   D.C. 

Riley,  Lewis  A.,  coal  operator,  railway 
president,  was  born  in  1847,  in  Montrose, 
Pa.  In  184(5  he  became  president  of  the 
Lehigh  coal  and  navigation  company;  and 
is  also  ])resident  of  the  Lehigh  and  lludson 
river  raiiwav  company. 

Riley,  Madison  Monroe,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  in  Dallasburg,  Ky. 
He  has  held  numerous  pastorates  in  Ken- 
tucky. For  three  years  he  was  financial 
secretary  (Jeorgetown  college;  and  for  six 
years  has  been  president  of  the  Greenville 
temale   collegn   of   South    Carolina. 

Riley,  Theodore  Myers,  clergyman,  author, 
was  liorn  June  9,  1842.  in  Carlisle,  Pa. 
Since  18()3  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  min- 
istry; and  in  1894-1902  was  adjunct  pro- 
fessor of  ])astoral  theology  in  the  General 
Hieological  seminary  of  New  York  City,  Ih; 
is  the  author  of  Charles  (Jeorge  (iordon; 
and  a  biogra|)liy  of  Eugene  Augustus  Holl- 
iiian. 

Rimmer,  Caroline  Hunt,  artist,  author, 
was  born  Oel.  |(),  1S5I,  in  itaiidolph.  Mass. 
She   is   the  author  of  Animal   Drawingr. 

Rimmer,  William,  senliitor.  artist,  author, 
was  boiii  Feb.  20.  181(1.  in  Kngland.  lb- 
was  a  I'.oston  painter,  seiilplor  and  teacher 
of  art  anatomy.  He  practiced  medieini'.  but 
gave  up  his  profession  to  devote  himself  to 
art.  lie  was  Hie  author  of  Art  Anatomy; 
and  lOb-meiits  of  Design.  He  died  Aug.  20, 
1879.  ill   Soiitli    Milfonl.   .Mass. 


16 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Rinaker,  John  Irving,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
In    1862    he   raised   and   organized   the   one 

hundred  and  twenty- 
second  regiment  of  Il- 
linois infilntry  volun- 
teers, and  was  mus- 
tered into  the  mili- 
tary service  of  the 
United  States  Sept.  4, 
1862,  as  colonel  of 
that  regiment,  and 
served  three  years, 
till  the  close  of  the 
war.  He  was  made 
brevet  brigadier-gen- 
eral for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  field.  He  served 
a.i  presidential  elector  on  the  republican 
ticket  twice — in  1872  as  elector  for  the 
seventeenth  congressional  district  of  Illi- 
nois and  in  1870  as  elector  for  the  state  at 
large;  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  republi- 
can national  convention  in  1876  and  again 
in  1884.  He  was  a  member  of  the  board 
of  railroad  and  warehouse  commissioners  of 
Illinois  under  Governor  Oglesby  from  1885 
to  1889.  In  1895-97  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Illinois  to  the  fifty-fourth  con- 
gress as  a  republican. 

Rindge,  Frederick  Hastings,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Dec.  21,  1857,  in  Cambridge, 
]\lass.  In  1879  he  graduated  from  Harvard 
university.  He  is  a  philanthropist  of  Cal- 
ifornia; and  prominent  in  the  business  and 
public  affairs  of  Los  Angeles.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Conservative  life  insurance;  and 
a  director  in  various  corporations.  He  is 
vice-president  of  the  Los  Angeles  branch 
of  the  archselogical  institute  of  America. 

Rinehart,  William  Henry,  sculptor,  was 
born  Sept.  13,  1825,  near  Union  Bridge, 
i\Id.  He  was  commissioned  to  finish  the 
modeling  of  the  bronze  doors  of  the  capitol 
at  Washington,  whicli  Crawford  had  left 
unfinished  at  his  death.  Coj^ies  of  several 
of  his  noted  pieces  are  in  the  Corcoran 
gallerv  of  art  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  died 
Oct.  28,  1874.  in  Rome,  Italy. 

Riner,  John  A.,  lawyer,  state  senator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  in  1850  in  Preble  county,  Ohio. 
In  1881  he  was  city  attorney  of  Cheyenne; 
and  in  1884  was  United  States  district  at- 
torney of  Wj'oming  territory.  In  1886  he 
was  a  member  of  the  upper  house  of  Wyom- 
ing territorial  legislature;  and  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  in  1889. 
He  was  elected  to  the  state  senate.  Since 
1890  he  has  been  LTnited  States  district 
judge  for  the  district  of  Wyoming. 

Ringgold,  Cadwalader,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Aug.  20,  1802,  in  Washington  coun- 
ty, Md.  He  was  commissioned  commodore 
in  1862;  and  placed  on  the  retired  list  in 
He  was  promoted  to  rear-admiral  in 
He  died  April  29,  1867,  in  New  York 


1864. 
1866. 
City. 

Ring,    Orvis,   state   superintendent   public 
instruction   of   Nevada,   was   born   July   21, 


1833,  in   Starksboro,  Vt.     He  was  educated 

in  the  public  schools 
of  Vermont,  New 
York  and  Illinois ; 
and  in  1860  graduat- 
ed from  Wheaton  col- 
lege of  Illinois;  from 
which  institution  he 
received  the  degrees 
of  A.B.  and  M.A.  For 
over  half  a  century 
his  life  has  been  iden- 
tified with  education- 
al work.  In  1852  he 
commenced  teaching; 
and  for  six  years  was  county  superintend- 
ent of  schools  of  V7ashoe  county,  Nevada; 
and  has  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  Il- 
linois, California  and  Nevada.  He  went  to 
Nevada  while  it  was  a  territory  in  1863; 
and  lias  since  been  identified  with  educa- 
tional work  in  that  state.  For  seventeen 
years  he  was  principal  of  the  Reno  public 
schools.  He  is  a  thirty-two  degree  mason; 
lias  been  a  mason  for  forty  years;  and  for 
over  twenty  years  has  been  a  member  of 
the  knights  of  pythias.  He  is  now  serving 
his  fourth  term  as  state  superintendent  of 
public  instruction  of  Nevada;  and  the  close 
of  his  term  will  make  a  service  of  sixteen 
years  in  that  responsible  position.  His 
home  is  in  Reno,  Nevada,  but  for  twelve 
years  has  been  in  the  office  at  the  state  cap- 
itol  at  Carson  City,  Nevada. 

Ringgold,  George  Hay,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  in  1814  in  Hagerstown,  Md.  He 
served  in  the  pay  department  during  the 
Mexican  war;  b.came  lieutenant-colonel  and 
deputy  paymaster-general  in  1862;  and  was 
in  charg.'  of  the  paymasters  of  the  depart- 
ment of  the  Pacific  in  1861-64.  He  was 
an  accomplished  scholar,  draughtsman, 
and  ])ainter;  and  was  the  author  of  Foun- 
tain Rock,  Amy  Weir,  and  Other  Metrical 
Pastimes.  Ho  died  April  4,  1864,  in  San 
Francisco,   Cal. 

Ringgold,  Samuel,  congressman,  was  born 
Jan.  13,  1770.  in  Chestertown.  Md.  In  1809- 
15  and  1817-21  he  was  a  representative 
from  Maryland  to  the  eleventh,  twelfth, 
thirteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  con- 
gresses. He  di  1  Oct.  18,  1829,  in  Freder- 
ick county,   Md. 

Ringgold,  Samuel,  soldier,  inventor,  was 
born  in  1800  in  Washington  county,  Md. 
He  became  captain  in  1836;  participated  in 
the  Florida  war;  and  was  brevetted  major 
for  active  and  efficient  conduct  during  hos- 
tilities. He  introduced  fl.ying  artillery  into 
America-  and  invented  a  saddle-tree,  wliich 
was  subsequently  Known  as  tlie  McClelland 
saddle.  He  also  invented  a  rebounding  ham- 
mer made  of  brass  for  exploding  the  fulmi- 
nating primers  for  field-guns,  which  pre- 
A-entod  the  blowing  away  of  the  hammer.  He 
died  May   11,   1846,  in  Point  Isabel,   Texas. 

Ringo,  Daniel,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
about  1800  in  Kentucky.     In  1830  he  began 


HERRI XGSHAWS  LIBRARY    OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ir 


the  practice  of  law;  ami  in  1830-44  was 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Arkansas. 
in  1849-05  he  was  a  United  States  district 
judge.  He  died  Sept.  3,  1873,  in  Little 
IJock.  Ark. 

Ringgold,  Thomas,  congressman.  He  was 
a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  colonial 
congress,  which  met  in  New  York  in  1765. 
Ill'   died    in    New   York. 

Ringwalt,  Ralph  Curtis,  lawyer,  anthor. 
was  horn  Fei).  19,  1874,  in  Mount  Vernon. 
Ohio.  In  1901-04  he  was  a  lecturer  of  pub- 
lic speaking  at  Cohunhia  college.  He  is 
the  author  of  Briefs  for  Debate;  [Modern 
American  Oratory;  and  Briefs  on  Public 
Questions. 

Riordan,  Daniel  J.,  business  man.  con- 
gressman, was  born  .July  7.  1870,  in  New 
York  City.  He  became  a  i>artm'r  in  the  real 
estate  business  conducted  by  his  father. 
In  1899-1901  and  1907-15  he"^  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  lifty-sixtli. 
sixtieth,  si.xty-lirst,  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third    congresses    as    a    democrat. 

Riordan,  Patrick  William,  educator,  arch- 
bishop, was  born  Aug.  27.  1842.  in  Ireland. 
In  1808-71  he  was  engaged  in  missionary 
work  at  Joliet,  111.;  after  which  he  became 
rector  of  St.  James'  church,  Chicago.  \Yhile 
he  was  thus  engaged  ho  received  notice  of 
his  appointment  as  titular  bishop  of  Ca- 
l)asa,  and  coadjutor,  with  the  right  of  suc- 
cession, to  Archbishop  Joseph  S.  Alemany, 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  was  consecrat- 
ed Koinan  catholic  l)isho[i  in  1883  of  San 
Francisco. 

Riordan,  Roger,  journalist,  artist,  author, 
was  born  in  1848  in  Ireland.  He  was  a 
New  York  City  journalist.  He  was  the  au- 
llior  of  A  Score  of  Etchings;  and  Sunrise 
Stories,  a  (ilance  at  the  Literature  of  Ja- 
pan.    He  died  in  1904   in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Ripley,  Christopher  G.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1870-74  li.'  wa-i  chief  justice  of  the  sui)renu' 
court   of  .Minnesota. 

Ripley,  Edward  Hastings,  soldier,  was 
born  in  N'eniiont.  In  lS(i2  lie  was  captain 
in  the  ninth  regin'.ent  Vermont  infantry; 
anci  in  18(i4  was  i)revetled  I)rigadier-gcneral 
of  voiunteei's.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out   in    180.T. 

Ripley,  Edward  Payson,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  Oct.  30.  1845,  in  Dorches- 
ter, Mass.  He  was  third  \ice-presi(lcnt  of 
the  Chicago.  .Milwaukee  and  St.  Taul  rail- 
road in  1890-95.  Since  1S90  he  lias  been 
])r(sidciit  of  the  .Mchisoii.  Topeka  and  San- 
la    Fe    railway   at    Ciiicago.    111. 

Ripley,  Eleazar  Wheelock,  soldier,  con- 
gressman, was  born  .\pril  15.  1782,  in  Han- 
over. N.ll.  He  was  s|)caker  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts liouse  of  representatives  in  1811. 
In  1835-39  he  was  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  to  tin'  twenty-fourth  and  twenty- 
fifth  cnngresses  He  died  .March  2.  1839,  in 
\\'c-;t    Feliciana.   La. 

Ripley,  Ezra,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  May  1,  1751,  in  Woodstock,  Conn.     He 


was  .1  chajtlain  in  the  army;  and  a  popu- 
lar clergxnian  of  Concord,  Mass.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  History  of  the  Fight  at 
Concord.  Ho  died  Sept.  21,  1841,  in  Con- 
cord, Mass. 

Ripley,  Frederic  Herbert,  educator,  au- 
tiior,  was  i)oni  .May  14,  1854,  in  West 
Bridgewater,  Mass.  He  is  principal  in  the 
Longfellow  school  of  Boston,  Mass.;  and 
a  pioneer  in  the  work  of  establishing  music 
as  an  intellectual  study  in  the  public 
schools.  He    is    the    author    of    Natural 

Course  in  Music;  Short  Course  in  Music; 
ami    Harmonic   Music   Course. 

Ripley,  George,  clergyman,  journalist,  au- 
clior.  was  born  Oct.  3,  1802,  in  Greenfield, 
Mass.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman;  was 
pastor  in  Boston  in  1820-41;  and  then  for 
several  years  the  chief  promoter  of  the  fa- 
mous Brook  Farm  experiment.  In  1849-80 
he  was  literary  editor  of  the  New  York 
Tribune.  With  C.  A.  Dana  he  edited  the 
American  Cyclopedia,  1857-03;  and  also  the 
revised  edition  of  tlie  same,  1873-70.  He 
was  tlie  autiior  of  Discourses  cm  the  I'liil- 
osophy  of  Religion;  and  Letters  to  Andrews 
Norton  on  tlie  Latest  Form  of  Infidelity. 
He  <lied  Julv  4.   1880.  in  New  York  City. 

Ripley,  Henry  Jones,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1798,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  was  a  bai)tist  clergj'man ; 
licid  a  pastorate  in  Georgia  in  1819-2(i-, 
and  in  182(i-00  was  a  profes.sor  in  the  The- 
ological seminary  at  Newton,  Mass.  He 
was  the  author  of  Notes  on  the  Gospels, 
Acts,  Hebrews;  Christian  Baptism;  Church 
Polity;  and  The  Exclusiveness  of  the  Bap- 
tists.' He  died  May  21.  1875,  in  Newton 
Center,   Mass. 

Ripley,  Henry  Wheelock,  merchant,  au- 
tiior. was  born  .June  30,  1S28,  in  Fryel)urg, 
-Maine.  He  was  inspector  of  customs  in 
Portland  in  1800.  He  is  the  author  of  Tiie 
History  of  tlie  White  Mountains. 

Ripley,  James  W.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislatt)r,  congri'ssman,  was  born  in  .Maine. 
He  served  four  years  in  the  legislature  of 
.Maiiu^;  was  an  olticer  in  the  last  war  with 
England;  and  in  1820-30  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  .Maine  to  the  nineteenth, 
twentieth  and  twenty-first  congresses.  He 
died  June  17,  1835,  in  Maine. 

Ripley,  James  Wolfe,  soldier,  was  born 
Dec.  10.  I7'.M.  in  Windham,  Conn.  He 
served  in  the  second  war  with  (Jreat  Brit- 
ain. He  was  made  brigadier-general  Cnit- 
cd  States  army  in  1801.  From  liis  retire- 
ment uuiW  his  death  he  was  inspector  of 
tin  armament  of  fortilications  on  Hie  New 
England  coa.st.  In  1805  he  receixcd  tiie 
brevet  of  major-general  I'liited  States  army 
for  long  and  faithful  scr\  icr.  He  died  .March 
15.    1870,    in    llaitford.    Conn. 

Ripley,  Mrs.  Mary  Churchill,  connois- 
seur, .iuthor.  was  born  .lui\  10.  1849.  in 
New  York  City.  In  1898-1900  she  taught 
private  art  classes  in  San  Fiancisco.  ("al.; 
aiul  was  president  of  the  Sketch  cliili  in  that 


18 


IIERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


city.  Since  1900  she  has  been  an  expert 
and  classifier  in  porcelain  and  oriental 
rugs  in  New  York  City.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Oriental  Rug  Book. 

Ripley,  Roswell  Sabine,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  March  14,  1823,  in  Worthington, 
Ohio.  He  Mas  a  confederate  army  officer 
of  prominence;  and  directed  the  fire  on  Fort 
Sumter  in  1861.  He  was  the  author  of 
History  of  the  Mexico  War.  He  died  March 
20,  1887,  in  New  York  City. 

Ripley,  Theodore  A.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire.  In  1802  he  was  captain 
in  the  fourteentli  regiment  New  Hamp- 
shire infantry;  and  in  1805  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
July   23,    1887. 

Ripley,  Thomas  C,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Jan.  2,  1807,  in  Easton,  N.Y. 
In  1846-47  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  twenty-ninth  congress  to 
11 11  a  vacancy.  In  18-54  he  moved  to  Sagi- 
naw, Mich.     He  died  in  Saginaw,  Mich. 

Ripley,  William  Zebina,  educator,  author, 
wa.-^  bcnn  in  1807  in  Medford,  Mass.  In 
1895-1901  he  was  professor  of  sociologj'  and 
eco)ioniics  in  the  Massachusetts  institute  of 
technology;  and  since  1901  has  been  a  pro- 
fessor of  Harvard  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  Financial  History  of  Virginia; 
The  Races  of  Europe ;  Trusts,  Pools  and 
Corj)orations;    and    Railway    Problems. 

Ripple,  Ezra  H.,  soldier,  merchant,  public 
official,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1842,  in  Mauch 
Chunk,  Pa.  His  military  career  began  in 
18ti2  as  a  private  in  the  thirteenth  regiment 
Pennsylvania  volunteers;  in  1803  he  en- 
tered the  thirtieth  emergency  regiment ;  and 
m  1864  became  a  member  of  the  fifty-sec- 
ond Pennsylvan'a  regiment.  In  1804-65  he 
was  in  the  military  prisons  of  Andersonville 
and  Florence.  Since  1873  he  has  been  a 
member  of  the  coal  firm  of  William  Con- 
neli  and  company  of  Scranton,  Pa.  In  1879 
he  was  elected  treasurer  of  Lackawanna 
county,  l*a.;  in  1886  became  maj-or  of 
Scranton.  Pa. ;  and  in  1897  was  appointed 
postmaster  of  Scranton,  Pa.  He  is  a  di- 
rector in  the  Scranton  axle  works;  and  is 
a  director  in  the  Tribune  publishing  com- 
pany. In  1877  he  was  made  captain  of  the 
Scranton  city  guard;  in  1878  became  ma- 
jor of  tl:e  thirteenth  regiment  Pennsylva- 
nia national  guard;  in  1883  was  made  lieu- 
tenant-colonel; and  in  1888-90  served  as 
colonel.  Since  1896  he  has  been  colonel  and 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania   national   guard. 

Risdon,  Orlando  Charles,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Oho.  In  1801  he  was  first  lieutenant 
in  the  nineteenth  regiment  Ohio  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers. 

Rishell,  Charles  Wesley,  clergyman,  the- 
ologian, author,  was  born  ^larch  9,  1850, 
near  Williamsport,  Pa.  In  1870  he  entered 
the  methodist  episcopal  ministry;  and  since 
1896  has  been  professor  of  histological  the- 
ology   at    the    Boston    university    school    of 


theologj'.  He  is  the  author  of  The  History 
of  Christianity;  The  Higher  Criticism;  and 
The  Foundation  of  Christian  Faith;  and 
The  Child  as  God's  Child. 

Rishell,  James  Dyson,  educator,  Jawyer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  11,  1858,  in  Hughes- 
ville,  Pa.  Since  1897  he  has  been  profes- 
sor of  law  and  political  economy  in  the 
Northein  Illinois  college.  He  is  the  author 
of   Elfrida,  an   Historial  Drama. 

Rising,  Johan  Claesson,  colonial  govern- 
or, was  born  about  1600  in  Sweden.  Ris- 
ing presented  a  plan  in  1050  for  the  recon- 
quest  of  New  Sweden,  but  the  government 
wa,s  occupied  with  other  projects,  and  con- 
tented itself  with  presenting  a  fruitless  de- 
mand for  indemnihcation  to  the  states-gen- 
eral. 

Rising,  Willard  Bradley,  educator,  chem- 
ist, scientist,  was  born  Sept.  20,  1839,  in 
Mecklenburg,  N.Y.  In  1864  he  graduated 
from  Hamilton  college  of  New  York;  in 
1867  received  the  degree  of  M.  E.  from  the 
uiiiversity  of  Michigan;  and  in  1871  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  Heidelburg 
university.  For  several  years  he  was  in- 
structor in  chemistry  at  the  Michigan  uni- 
versity. In  1800-67  he  was  instructor  in 
chemistry  at  the  university  of  California; 
m  1867-69  was  professor  of  natural  sci- 
ences; and  later  was  professor  of  chemistry 
in  the  same  institution.  He  was  also  state 
analyst  of  California;  and  advisor  and 
chemist  to  the  state  board  of  viticulture 
commissioners  and  state  board  of  health ; 
and  consulting  chemist  to  important  manu- 
facturing establishments  in  California.  His 
specialtj^  was  thermal  chemistry;  and  he 
made  a  number  of  important  discoveries. 
In  1893  he  was  a  member  of  the  jury  of 
awards  at  the  World's  Columbian  exposi- 
tion; was  a  member  of  the  jury  of  awards 
at  the  Paris  exposition  in  1900;  and  in 
1903  was  a  member  of  the  assay  commis- 
sion of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  died  in  Berk 
eley,  Cal. 

Risley,  Elijah,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1780,  in  Connecticut.  In  1849-51  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  thir- 
ty-first congress.  He  died  Jan.  9,  1870,  in 
Fredonia.    Conn. 

Risley,  John  Ewing,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
was  born  in  1840  in  Bowling  Green,  Ind. 
In  1861  he  began  the  practice  of  law;  and 
since  1863  has  achieved  success  in  that  pro- 
fession in  New  York  City.  In  1893  he  was 
appointed  envoy  extraordinary  and  minis- 
tei'  jdenipotentiarv  to  Denmark. 

Risley,  Richard  Voorhees,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  8,  1874,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Sentimental  Vik- 
ings; Men's  Tragedies;  The  Sledge;  and  The 
Anvil.  He  died  in  1904  in  New  Rochelle, 
N.Y. 

Risley,  Samuel  Doty,  soldier,  pliysician, 
scientist,  niventor,  autli;)r.  was  horn  Jan.  10, 
1845,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  has  invented 
an  optometer  with  perimeter  attachment  for 
measuring   errors   of    refraction    in    the    hu- 


HERRINGSHAV/'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


19 


man  eye  and  iiia])ping  the  field  of  vision; 
and  an  opiithahni)s>topo  with  cylindrical 
lenses,  securing  a  wide  range  of  spherico- 
cylindrical  lenses,  lie  is  the  author  of  The 
More  Fre(|uently  Occurring  Forms  of  Con- 
junctival Disease;  and  the  Mydriatics  Coni- 
j)are(l. 

Ristine,  George  W.,  soldier,  railroad  pres- 
ident, was  horn  March  :i,  184ti,  in  Phila- 
delphia. I'a.  He  served  in  tlie  army  and 
navy  during  the  civil  war.  In  ISGO  he  en- 
tered railway  service;  in  1897-1900  was 
proiihnt  of  the  Colorado  midland  railroad 
company;  and  in  1008-09  was  president  of 
the  Tennessee  central  railroad  company. 
Since  190:3  he  has  been  engaged  in  making 
special  reports  on  railway  ])roperties;  and 
is  cDUsultiiig  engineer  ol'  various  railways 
under   construction. 

Ritcb,  John  Warren,  educator,  architect, 
was  lutrn  -hiiu'  22.  1822,  in  Tutnam,  N.Y. 
Amon'j;  his  important  works  in  New  York 
City  are  the  Bank  of  Conunerce.  the  Union 
dinie  saving  bank,  the  buildings  of  the 
American  express  company  and  the  ^ler- 
chants'  despatch  company.  St.  Luke's  hos- 
pital, the  state  emigrant  hospital,  the  nur- 
sery and  child's  hospital,  and  the  artifi- 
cial islands  and  (piarantine  hospital  in  the 
lower  bay.  In  1847-48  he  edited  the  Amer- 
ican   Architect. 

Ritch,  William  Gillet,  state  sinator,  gov- 
eniui-.  was  horn  Mav  1.  18;{0.  in  Wawarsing, 
N.Y.  He  was  elected  to  the  Wisconsin  state 
senate;  and  was  a  membi-r  of  the  electoral 
.'•oiiige.  In  180:)  he  established  the  Winne- 
bago County  Press  at  Neenah,  Wis.  In 
1873-85  he  was  secretary  of  the  territory  of 
New  Mexico  three  years  of  which  he  served 
as  governor,  lie  is  the  author  of  two  vol- 
umes of  Spanish-American  history,  entitled 
Tlie    i?lue   I'.ook  of  New  Mexico  Aztlan. 

Ritchey,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  I'l  nnsylvania.  In  1847-49  and  1853-55 
he  wa-i  a  re|)riscntati\e  from  Ohio  to  the 
tliirtielh  and  tliirty-tiiird  congresses.  He 
died    in    nliid. 

Ritcl  ie,  Mrs.  Anna  Cora  Ogden,  actress, 
aulhor,  was  Ixirn  in  1822  in  France.  She 
wa-iu   once  ])()pular  actress  ;  and  retired   from 

the  stage  in  1854. 
The  last  ten  years  of 
her  life  she  lived  in 
I'lorence  and  Loiuhju. 
Slie  was  the  author 
of  The  Fortune  Hunt- 
er; The  Mute  Singer; 
l-'airy  I'ingers;  Eve- 
lyn ;  The  T\\  in  Roses; 
(  lergyman's  Wife  ; 
two  successful  plays, 
I'iisliion  and  Arinand; 
Mimic  Life,  or  Before 
and  Behind  the  Cur- 
tain; anil  Autobiography  of  an  Actress. 
Sh,-  died    in    1S70. 

Ritchie,  Alexander  Hay,  artist,  was  born 
.Ian.  14.  ]S-2>.  in  Scotland.  lie  is  known 
both  as  a  ])ainter  ami  as  an  engraver.     His 


oil  paintings  include  Mercy  Knocking  at 
Ihi'  (iate:  Fitting  Out  Moses  for  the  Fair; 
Death  ol  Lincoln;  and  numerous  portraits, 
lie  died  Sept.  19,  1895,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn. 

Ritchie,  Byron  F.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Jan.  29,  1853,  in  Grafton,  Ohio. 
Since  1874  he  has  practiced  law  in  Toledo, 
Ohio.  in  1893-95  he  was  a  representative 
I'roui  Oiiio  to  the  fifty-third  congress  as  a 
democrat. 

Ritchie,  David,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
nmn.  was  born  Aug.  19,  1812,  in  Canans- 
Ourg.  Pa.  In  lS.");!-59  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania  to  the  thirty-third, 
tiiirty-lourth  and  thirty-fifth  congresses.  Af- 
ter leaving  congress  he  held  the  office  of 
judge  for  about  one  year.  He  died  Jan.  24, 
181)7.    in    Pittsl)\irgh,    Pa. 

Ritchie,  David,  revenue  officer,  hero,  was 
horn  in  1830,  in  England.  While  in  com- 
mand of  the  revenue  steamer  ]\Ioccasin,  in 
1872,  he  went  to  the  rescue  of  the  passen- 
gers and  crew  of  the  steamer  Metis,  which 
was  wrecked  off  Watch  Hill,  R.I.  He  and 
ills  crew  picked  up  forty-two  persons  out 
of  a  rough  and  dangerous  sea  and  recovered 
seventeen  dead  bodies.  For  this  service  Capt. 
Ritchie  and  his  command  received  the 
thanks  of  congress  by  joint  resolution  in  1873. 
He  died  March  3,   1874,  in  Bay  Shore,  L.I. 

Ritchie,  Henry  Joseph,  railroad  president, 
was  born  1^'eb.  11,  1805,  in  Canada.  Since 
1895  he  has  been  president  of  the  St.  Au- 
gustine and  South  Beach  railway  at  St. 
Augustine,   Fla. 

Ritchie,  James  Monroe,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  28,  1829,  in  Scotland. 
In  1832  he  came  to  the  United  States;  and 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools.  He 
studied  law  for  three  years;  and  is  now 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
Toledo,  Ohio.  In  1880  he  was  a  delegate 
to  the  national  republican  convention  held 
in  Chicago,  111.  In  1881-83  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  forty-seventh 
congress  as  a  republican. 

Ritchie,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Aug.  12,  1331,  in  Frederick  City,  Md. 
In  18<iO  he  was  elected  a  presidential  elec- 
tor; in  1807-71  was  attorney  for  Frederick 
county.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Maryland  to  the  forty-second  con- 
gress. 

Ritchie,  John,  concliologist,  scientist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1853  in  Boston,  Mass. 
I'or  many  years  he  was  engaged  in  busi- 
ness with  his  father  as  a  builder;  and  re- 
tired horn  that  business  in  1885.  He  is 
now  president  of  the  Alvan  (Hark  corpora- 
tion, makers  of  telescopes.  He  is  a  collec- 
tor of  shells  and  owns  the  largest  private  li- 
brary of  <'<,n(diology  and  one  of  the  largest 
coljictions  of  shells  in  America.  He  is  the 
autiior   of   Science   Observer   Code. 

Ritchie,  Thomas,  journalist,  was  born 
Nov.  5.  1778,  in  Es«,ex  county,  Va.  He  be- 
came e'litor  of  the  Richmond  Ivxaminer  in 
1804,    which    was   changed    to   the    EiKjuirer, 


20 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Imd  he  continued  to  edit  and  publish  it  for 
forty  years.  At  the  request  of  President 
Poliv  he  resigned  the  Enquirer  to  his  two 
sons  in  1845,  and,  removing  to  Washington, 
assumed  the  editorial  control  of  the  Union, 
the  organ  of  the  administration,  but  retired 
in  1849.  He  died  Jan.  12,  1854,  in  Rich- 
mond. Va. 

Ritner,  Joseph,  state  legislator,  governor, 
was  born  March  25,  178U,  in  Berks  county, 
Pa.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1820-27.  He  was  the  eighth 
governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1835-39.  He 
died  Oct.  16,  1809,  "in  Carlislie,  Pa. 

Rittenhouse,  David,  civil  engineer,  sci- 
entist, w;i8  born  Ai'iil  8,  1732,  in  Roxbor- 
ougli,  Pa.  In  17U3  lie  was  employed  to  de- 
termine Mason  and  Dixon's  line,  which  he 
did  with  instruments  of  his  own  construc- 
tion; and  afterwards  fixed  the  boundaries 
of  several  other  states.  He  was  appointed 
by  the  American  philosophical  society  to  ob- 
serve the  transit  of  Venus  in  1769.  In  1777- 
89  he  was  treasurer  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  a  director  of  the  United  States  mint 
in  1792-95  He  died  June  26,  1796,  in 
Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Rittenhouse,  Jessie  Belle,  critic,  author, 
was  born  in  Mount  Morris,  N.Y.  In  1895- 
99  she  was  in  active  newspaper  work  as 
correspondent  and  reviewer.  She  is  editor 
of  The  Rubaiyat  of  Omar  Kahyyam,  and 
Lover's  Rubaiyat.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Younger  American  Poets,  a  volume  of  criti- 
cism. 

Rittenhouse,  Mrs.  Laura  J.,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1841  in  Grand  Chain,  111.  She 
is  the  author  of  Out  of  the  Depths,  a  poem; 
and  a  book  of  temperance  stories  for  young 
cliildren. 

Rittenhouse,  William,  manufacturer,  was 
born  in  1644,  in  Holland.  His  ancestors 
for  many  generations  had  been  paper-mak- 
ers in  Arnheim;  and  he  built  in  1690  the 
ttrst  paper-mill  in  America,  on  Paper-mill 
run.  a  branch  of  Wissahickon  creek,  in  Rox- 
borough  township.  The  business  was  car- 
ried on  by  direct  descendants  of  William 
at  the  same  place  until  well  into  the  19th 
century.  He  died  in  1708,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Ritter,  Abraham,  merchant,  author,  was 
born  in  September,  1792,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  H«  was  a  merchant  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  and  for  hfty  years  a  member  of  the 
board  of  elders  of  the  Moravian  church.  He 
was  the  author  of  History  of  the  Moravian 
('lunch  in  Philadelphia;' and  Philadelphia 
and  Her  Merchants.  He  died  Oct.  8,  1860, 
in   Philadel])hia.   Pa. 

Ritter,  Burwell  C,  agriculturist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Jan.  6, 
1810,  in  Barren  county,  Ky.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  Kentucky  in 
1843  and  1850;  and  in  1864  was  a  presi- 
dential elector.  In  1865-67  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty- 
ninth  congress.     He  died  in  Kentucky, 


Ritter,  Carlton  M.,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Sept.  1,  1850,  in  East  Var- 
ick,  N.Y.  He  has  attained  prominence  as 
one  of  the  foremost  educators  of  California. 
He  has  been  principal  of  the  Grammar 
school,  and  vice-principal  of  the  High  school 
of  Stockton;  and  professor  of  mathematics 
in  the  state  normal  school  of  Chico,  of 
wliicli    institution   he   is   now   president. 

Ritter,  Mrs.  Fanny  Raymond,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  1840,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
She  was  the  wife  of  Dr.  F.  L.  Ritter.  She 
was  the  author  of  Woman  as  a  Musician; 
Some  Famous  Songs,  an  Art  Historical 
Sketch;  Songs  and  Ballads;  and  several 
translations.  She  died  Oct.  26,  1890,  in 
Ponghkeepsic,   N.Y. 

Ritter,  Frederic  Louis,  musician,  com- 
pos.n-,  author,  was  born  June  22.  1834,  in 
Stvassburg.  He  was  a  musician  of  Alsace 
who  came  to  the  United  States  in  1856;  and 
was  professor  of  music  at  Vassar  college 
in  1867-91.  He  was  the  author  of  Music 
in  England;  Music  in  America;  History  of 
Music  in  the  Form  of  Lectures;  and  Man- 
na) of  Musical  History.  He  died  July  4, 
ISOl.  in   Antwerp.  Belgium. 

Ritter,  George  Alexander,  lawyer,  writer, 
was  born  Feb.  2,  1854,  in  Edw'ardsville,  111. 
lie  rec*^ived  the  rudiments  of  his  education 

in  the  public  schools 
of  Nauvoo,  111. ;  at- 
tended Baylee's  Com- 
mercial college  of  Ke- 


kuk, 


Iowa; 


the 


Christian 
academy ; 
Washington 


brothers' 
and      the 
universi- 
ty  of    St.    Louis,   Mo. 
He    was    admitted    to 
the  bar  in  1870  in  St. 
Louis,    Mo.,    and    for 
many  years   practiced 
law    with    success    in 
Niuivoo,   111.     He  was  ofi'ered   many   public 
positions  of  trust,  but  always  declined;  and 
ills    name    was    several   times    mentioned    in 
coiuiection    with    the    governorship    of    Illi- 
nois   by    the    pul)lic    press    and    the    young 
(lemociacy.      Pie    is    the    author    of    a    work 
entitled    The    Lawyer    and    the    Law    as    a 
Profession ;    has    made    numerous    contribu- 
tions  to    legal    science;    and   his   essay    en- 
titled   Legal    Reform    was    brought    to    the 
attention   of  the   Illinois  state  bar  associa- 
tion.     He    has    always    written   on   and   es- 
poused the   cause   of   a   uniform   sj^stera  or 
code   of   ph'ading.    as   against   the   old   com- 
mon  law    form  of  pleading.  He  has  advocated 
numerous    reforms    through    the    press,    and 
lias    made    some    valuable    contributions    to 
mental  science.     He  is  an  honorary  member 
of    various    societies;    advocated    the    build- 
ing of  the  Nauvoo  high  school;  and  was  in- 
strumental   in    other    improvements    in    his 
city,  county  and  state.     On  account  of  his 
wife's    health    he    resided    in    Denver,    Col., 
in   1897-99.     He  is  now  engaged  in 


devising 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


21 


a  code  of  laws  for  all  the  states  of  the  un- 
ion. 

Ritter,  John,  journalist,  congressman,  was 
born  Fob.  (J,  1771),  in  Exeter  township,  Pa. 
He  was  elected  to  the  convention  to  revise 
the  constitution  of  Pennsylvania  in  183G; 
and  in  1843-47  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  twenty-eiglith  and 
twenty-ninth  congresses.  He  died  Nov.  24, 
1851,  in  Reading,  Pa. 

Ritter,  William  Emerson,  educator,  zo- 
ologist, autlior,  was  l)()rn  Xov.  19,  185(),  in 
Hampden.  Wis.  lie  was  educated  at  the 
state  normal  school  of  Oshkosh,  Wis. ;  at- 
tended the  Cooper  medical  college  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal. ;  and  graduated  from  the 
university  of  California  and  Harvard  uni- 
versity. He  has  received  the  degrees  of  B. 
S.,  A..M.  and  Ph.D.  He  has  taught  in  va- 
rious public  schools  of  Wisconsin  and  Cali- 
fornia. He  was  assistant  in  zoologj'  at  Har- 
vard university;  and  has  been  instructor, 
assistant-professor,  and  is  now  professor  of 
loology  in  the  university  of  California.  He 
has  been  president  of  the  California  acad- 
emy of  science's;  and  is  now  a  director  of 
the  San  Diego  marine  biological  survey.  He 
is  the  editor  of  the  zoological  publications 
of  tlie  university  of  California ;  and  a  val- 
ued contributor  to  zoological  and  biological 
publications. 

Ritzema,  Johannes,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1710  in  Holland.  He  was  sen- 
ior minister  of  the  reformed  Dutch  churcli 
of  New  York  City;  held  pastoral  relations 
there  in  1744-84;  and  frequently  preached 
at  Harlem,  Philipsburg,  Fordham,  and 
Cortlandt.  He  was  one  of  the  original  trus- 
tees of  Columl)ia  college.  He  died  in  1795 
in  Kindertiook,  N.Y. 

Rivers,  George  Robert  Russell,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  in  1853  in  Rliode 
Island.  He  was  an  historical  novelist  of  Mil- 
ton, Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  Tlie 
Count's  Snull-Box;  Captain  Shays,  a  Popu- 
list of  178G;  and  The  Governor's  Garden. 
Uf  died   in    1000  in   Milton,  Mass. 

Rivers,  Richard  Henderson,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Sept.  11,  1814, 
in  Montgomery  county,  Tenn.  Ho  was  a 
nietho<list  clergyman  and  educator  of  Ala- 
bama; and  pastor  in  Louisville  in  1883-87. 
He  was  the  author  of  Mental  Piii!osoi>liy ; 
Moral  Pliiiosophy;  Our  Young  People;  Life 
of  Robert  Paine;  and  .\rrows  from  Two 
(Quivers.       He    died    in     1894    in    Louisville. 

Rivers,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Tennessee.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thirty-fourth  congress. 
He   died    in    Somerville.   Tenn. 

Rivers,  William  James,  educator,  college 
president,  autlior,  was  born  .July  18,  1822, 
in  Charleston,  S.C.  He  graduated  from  tlie 
South  Carolina  college  of  Coluinliia  in  |S41. 
For  seventeen  y«'ars  he  was  professor  of 
Greek  literature  in  the  state  college  of 
South  Carolina;  and  for  fourteen  years  was 


president  of  a  college  in  Maryland.  Hi' 
was  the  author  of  The  Early  History  of 
South  Carolina;  Topics  in  the  History  of 
South  Carolina;  a  volume  of  College  Ad- 
dresses and  Other  Occasional  Pieces;  The 
Poems  Eldre<l;  and  numerous  poems.  He 
died  about    1912. 

Rives,  Alexander,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  Avas 
judge  of  the  United  States  district  court 
sometime  piior  to   1884. 

Rives,  Alfred  Landon,  civil  engineer,  was 
born  March  25,  1830,  in  France.  He  was 
an  assistant  engineer  in  completing  the 
United  States  capitol  building,  Washing- 
ton. D.C.,  and  in  building  the  aqueduct 
there;  in  charge  of  the  United  States  sur- 
vey in  improving  the  Potomac  river;  and 
designed  and  constructed  the  Cabin  Jolin 
bridge,   near  Washington. 

Rives,  Francis  E.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1837-41  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  to  the  twenty-tifth. 
and  twenty-sixth  congresses.  He  died  Nov. 
30.  1861,  in  Littleton,  Va. 

Rives,  George  Lockhart,  lawyer,  public 
ofhcial,  was  born  May  1,  1849,  in  New  York 
City.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  ed- 
ucation in  Charlier's  school  of  New  York 
City;  and  in  1868  graduated  from  Colum- 
bia college.  In  1872  he  graduated  from 
Trinity  college  of  Cambridge,  England;  and 
in  1873  graduated  from  Columbia  college 
law  school;  and  from  both  of  the.se  noted 
institutions  of  learning  he  received  the 
degree  of  A.M.  Since  1874  he  has  prac- 
ticed law  in  New  York  City.  In  1887-89 
he  was  assistant-secretary  of  state  of  the 
United  States.  In  1896-1902  he  was  a 
member  of  tlie  New  York  rapid  transit 
railroad  commission;  in  1900  was  president 
of  the  commission  to  revise  the  Greater 
New  York  charter;  and  in  1902-03  was  cor- 
poration counsel  for  New  York  City.  Since 
1882  he  has  been  a  trustee  of  Columbia  col- 
lege; in  1893-95  was  a  trustee  of  the  Lenox 
library;  and  since  1895  has  been  a  trus- 
tee of  the  New  York  public  library,  As- 
tor-Lenox  and  Tilden  foundations. 

Rives,  John  Cook,  journalist,  philantliro- 
pist,  was  born  .May  24,  1795.  in  Franklin 
county,  Va.  He  gave  about  thirty  thousand 
dollars  to  the  wives  of  soldiers  wlio  had  en- 
listed in  the  national  army  from  the  dis- 
trict of  Columbia;  and  subsequently  gave 
twelve  thousand  dollars  toward  the  equip- 
ment of  two  regiments  in  the  District  of 
Columbia.  He  died  A|iril  10,  1864,  in 
Prince  (ieorge  county.   .Md. 

Rives,  Mrs.  Judith  Page,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  24,  1802,  in  Castle 
Hill,  Va.  She  was  the  author  of  Sou- 
venirs of  a  Residence  in  Europe;  Home 
and  the  World;  The  Canary  Rird;  and 
Epitome  of  tlie  Bible.  She  (lied  Jan.  23, 
IS,S2.  in  Castle  Hill,  \'a. 

Rives,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  June  17,  1806,  in  Nelson 
eounty,  \a.     He  settled  in  Albemarle  coun- 


22 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ty,  Va.,  from  wliich  he  was  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  at  intervals  from  1835  to 
1861.  the  later  years  in  the  state  senate. 
In  1800  he  was 'appointed  to  the  supreme 
court  of  apptals  of  Virginia;  and  his  opin- 
ions were  published  in  several  volumes.  He 
gave  up  his  seat  on  the  bench  in  1869;  and 
in  1871  was  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict judge  for  the  western  district  of  Vir- 
ginia.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

Rives,  William  Cabell,  soldier,  lawyer, 
diplomat,  congressman,  United  States  sena- 
tor, author,  was  born  May  4,  1793,  in  Nel- 
son county,  Va.  He  was  elected  to  the  leg- 
islature of  Virginia  in  1817-19  and  1822.  In 
1823-29  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
eighteenth.,  nineteenth  and  twentieth  con- 
"■resses;  in  1829  was  appointed  minister 
to  France.  In  1831-45  he  was  United  States 
senator.  In  1849-53  he  was  a  second  time 
minisler  to  France.  He  was  the  author  of 
Life  and  Times  of  James  Madison.  He  took 
part  in  the  civil  war  as  a  member  of  the 
confederate  congress.  He  died  April  25, 
18(i8,   in   Castle   Hill,   Va. 

Rives,  Zeno  J.,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Feb.  22,  1874,  in  Hancock  county,  Ind. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools;  and 
in  1898-1901  studied  law.  In  1903  he  was 
appointed  city  clerk  of  Litchfield,  111.  In 
1905-07  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nois to  the  fifty-ninth  congress  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Rives-Wheeler,  Hallie  Erminie,  littera- 
teur, autlior,  was  born  May  2,  1878,  in  Chris- 
tian county.  Ky.  She  is  the  wife  of  Post 
Wheeler,  second  secretary  of  the  American 
embassy  at  Tokyo,  Japan.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Furnace  of  Earth;  The  Casta- 
way; Tales  from  Dickens;  Satan  Sander- 
son;  and  other  works. 

Rixey,  John  Franklin,  agriculturist,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1854, 
in  Culpeper  county,  Va.  He  attained  suc- 
cess as  a  farmer ;  and 
is  one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  of  Virginia. 
For  twelve  years  he 
~^  .^..m^^^^       ^^'^^  commonwealth  at- 

'Sk  Wwa^^^m.  torney  for  Culpeper 
county:  and  in  1897- 
1907  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Vir- 
ginia to  the  fifty-fifth, 
lifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth, fifty-eighth,  and 
fifty-ninth  congresses 
as  a  democrat.  He 
(lied   Feb.   !),   1907,  in   Washington,  U.C. 

Rixey,  Presley  Marion,  surgeon-general 
of  the  United  States  navy,  was  born  July 
14.  1852,  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.  He  was 
educated  in  the  schools  of  Culpeper  and 
Warrenton,  Va. ;  in  1873  graduated  in  med- 
icine from  the  university  of  Virginia;  and 
the  same  year  matriculated  at  Jefierson 
medical  college  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In 
1874  he  entered  the   United  States  navy  as 


assistant  surgeon;  became  past  assistant 
surgeon  in  1877;  and  surgeon  in  1888.  In 
1900  ne  was  promoted  to  medical  inspector; 
and  in  1902  became  surgeon-general  with 
the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  He  spent  eleven 
years  at  sea;  and  on  shore  was  attached 
successively  to  the  naval  hospital  at  Phila- 
delphia, the  navy  yard  at  Norfolk  and  at 
the  naval  dispensary  at  Washington,  U.C. 
In  1898  he  became  physician  to  the  White 
House,  and  accompanied  the  president  on 
all  his  journeys  and  was  for  this  reason  in 
Buffalo  when  President  McKinley  was  as- 
sassinated; was  present  and  assisted  at  the 
operation  and  took  oflicial  charge  of  the 
case;  and  was  continued  as  physician  to 
President  Roosevelt,  in  addition  to  his 
duty  as  chiei  of  the  bureavi  of  medicine 
ami  surgery,  which  position  he  still  fills. 
In  1893  he  was  decorated  by  the  king  of 
Spjiin  for  services  rendered  the  ofiicers  and 
men  of  the  Santa  Maria  following  an  ex- 
plosion on  that  Spanish  Caravel.  He  is  a 
iiieniber  of  the  American  medical  associa- 
tion, the  Washington  medical  society,  and 
the  association  of  military  surgeons;  and 
resides  in  Washington,  B.C. 

Roach,  Abby  Meguire,  litterateur,  author, 
was  horn  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  is  a 
eoutrilnitor  to  magazines  and  has  written  a 
number  of  short  stories  under  the  name  of 
Abby  Swain  Meguire.  She  is  the  author  of 
Some    Successful   Marriages. 

Roach,  Addison  L.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Nov.  3,  1817,  in  Rutherford  county, 
Tenn.  In  1852  he  was  elected  associate 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of  In- 
diana. He  sat  upon  the  bench  until  1854 
when    he    resigned. 

Roach,  Erskine  H.,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
born  April  10,  1873,  in  Memphis,  Tenn.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  and  private 
schools  of  Memphis  and  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
and  is  now  an  accountant  in  the  wholesale 
grocery  business  at  Hallas,  Tex.  He  was  in 
command  of  the  post  at  Oliver  Springs, 
Tenn.,  as  captain  of  the  Tennessee  nation- 
al guard  during  the  coal  riots  of  1890-92. 
During  the  Spanish-American  war  he  was 
adjutant  second  battalion  second  Texas 
United  States  volunteers;  and  was  in  com- 
mand of  troops  at  Galveston  during  and  af- 
ter the  great  storm.  Since  1901  he  has 
held  the  rank  of  major  in  the  Texas  na- 
tioni'l  guard;   and  resides  in  Dallas,  Tex. 

Roach,  Isaac,  soldier,  was  born  Feb.  24, 
17Sr).  ill  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  formed  a 
])art  of  the  -ndvance-guard  in  the  capture 
of  Fort  George.  He  was  brevetted  major 
for  ten  years  service  in  1823,  and  resigned 
April  1,  1824.  In  1838  he  was  elected  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Philadelphia  and  was  treas- 
urer of  the  mint  in  that  city  in  1844.  He 
;lie(l  Dee.   29,    1848,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Roach,  John  B.,  ship  builder,  was  born 
Dec.  7.  1839,  in  New  York  City;  and  is  a 
son  of  the  late  John  Roach,  the  famous 
shipbuilder.     In   1807   he  became  a  partner 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


23 


of  liis  father  under  the  firm  name  of  John 
Koach  ami  .son:  and  tlie  new  firm  employed 
over  one  thousand  iiands  in  the  ship  buikl- 
ing  business.  In  1871  a  large  shipyard  was 
purchased  at  Chester,  i'a.;  and  .John  B. 
Ivoaeh  was  placed  in  charge  of  this  under 
the  title  of  the  Delaware  river  iron  ship 
building  and  engine  works,  employing  over 
two  thousand  men.  He  died  June  16,  1908, 
in  Ciiester,  Fa. 

Roach,  John,  shipbuilder,  was  born  Dec. 
25,  1813,  in  Irelaml.  In  1840  he  went  to 
Illinois  to  buy  land.     He  returned  to  New 

York ;  and  worked  as 
a  machinist  for  several 
years;  and  then  es- 
tablislied  a  foundry 
with  three  fellow- 
iifc^  1fe«  -  -^  workmen.  The  explo- 
^^  '      sion  of  a  boiler  near- 

y^  ly    ruined    him    finan- 

"tT"  cially.   but   he   rebuilt 

X'  v^  ''•''  works,  which  were 
known  as  the  ^4iitna 
iron  works.  Here  he 
constructed  the  larg- 
est engines  that  had 
been  built  in  the  United  (States  at  that 
time,  and  also  the  first  compound  engines. 
In  1868  he  bought  the  Morgan  iron  works 
in  New  York  City,  and  also  the  Neptune, 
Franklin  I'orge,  and  Allaire  works,  and  in 
1871  the  ship  yards  of  Kainer  and  sons  of 
Chester,  Pa.  He  died  Jan.  10,  1887,  in  New 
York  City.  !      i 

Roach,  John  Daniel,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
l)or7i  May  1.  ]S4"2.  in  Monroe  county,  Ala. 
He  graduated  from  the  university  of  Vir- 
ginia at  Charlottes- 
ville. During  the 
war  he  served  under 
Gen.  R.  E.  Lee  from 
^1  April,  1861,  to  Febru- 

jSf^  ^1'  ary,  1865;  and  subse- 

quently taught  school 
in  Alabama.  He  takes 
an    active    interest    in 
a^;_^         ■^^ii^k.  *''"'     political     affairs 

iV^flA  "^  ^^  of  Louisiana  at  Mans- 
field, where  he  has  a 
lucrative  practice, 

and  has  been  success- 
fully engaged  in  law  f(ir  over  a  quarter 
of  a  century. 

Roach,  John  Millard,  railroad  president, 
was  iioni  Ian.  '-UK  1851.  in  Lowell,  Ohio. 
In  1872  he  <'nt('r«'d  railway  service  as  a 
conductor  on  the  North  Chicag<J  steel  rail- 
way company;  became  superintendent  in 
18!M):  and  since  1807  has  been  general  man- 
ager of  the  West  Chicago  street  railway 
company.  Since  1S!)7  he  has  also  been  ])res- 
idi  nt  of  the  Cicero  and  Proviso  street  rail- 
way company;  and  since  HHIl  has  been  j)res- 
ident  of  the  Chicago  union  tractioji  coni- 
|.any.  | 

Roach,  Thomas  Jefferson,  educator,  col- 
lege   president,    author,    was    born    Nov.    8, 


1847,  in  Jefferson  county.  Ohio.  In  1892- 
190,3  he  was  superintendent  of  the  Kansas 
W'esh'van  business  college;  and  since  1903 
has  been  president  of  the  Kansas  Wesleyan 
university.  He  is  the  author  of  Theory  of 
l)()Ul)lc-l-;nlry    Bookkeeping   Made    Easy. 

Roach,  Thomas  Watson,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  government  ollicial,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  8.  1847,  in  Jetlerson  county, 
Ohio,  lie  was  educated  in  the  public  schools; 
in  1870  graduated  from  tlie  Mount  Cnion 
college  of  Alliance,  Ohio,  where  he  has  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of  B.S.  and  M.S.;  and  in 
1903  received  the  degree  of  D.lVd.  from  the 
Iowa  Wesleyan  university.  In  1871-72  he 
was  superintendent  of  the  schools-  of  Marys- 
ville,  Kan. ;  and  in  1885-89  was  county  sup- 
erintendent of  the  schools  of  Cloud  county, 
Kan.  Since  1892  he  has  been  superintendent 
of  the  Kansas  Wesleyan  business  college; 
and  in  1903-08  was  president  of  the  Kansas 
Wesleyan  university  at  Salina.  In  1900-01 
he  was  ;na\or  of  Salina,  Kan.  He  is  vice- 
])resident  of  the  Planter  state  baidv.  He  is 
the  author  of  Theory  of  Double-Entry  Book- 
keeping ]\Iade  Easy. 

Roach,  William  Nathaniel,  agriculturist, 
United  States  senator.  wa>  born  Sept.  25, 
1840,  in  Washingtor..  D.C.  In  1883-87  he 
was  mayor  of  Larimore,  S.D. ;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  territorial  legislature  of  the  ses- 
sion of  18S5;  and  was  twice  democratic  can- 
didate for  governor  of  his  state.  In  1893- 
99  he  was  Ignited  States  senator.  He  died 
Se])t.  7.   1902.  in  New  Y'ork  City. 

Roane,  Archibald,  governor.  He  was  the 
second  governor  of  Tennessee  in  1801-03.  He 
died  in  Tennessee. 

Roane,  John,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1754  in  Virginia.  He  was 
a  presidential  elector  in  1809;  and  in  1809- 
15,  1827-31  and  1835-37  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Virginia  to  the  eleventh,  twelfth, 
thirteentn,  twenfeth,  twenty-first  and  twen- 
ty-fourth congresses.  He  died  Nov.  15.  183S, 
in  King  Willi;im  county,  Va. 

Roane,  John  J.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  \'irginia.  In  1831-33  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Virginia  to  the  twenty-second 
congress.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

Roane,  John  Selden,  soldier,  governor, 
was  born  .Jan.  8,  1817,  in  Wilson  county, 
Tenn.  He  was  the  fifth  governor  of  Arkan- 
sas in  1848-.")2;  and  was  a  brigadier-gen- 
i-ral  in  the  confederate  army.  He  died  April 
7.  1867.  in   Pin<'  Bluff,  Ark.' 

Roane,  Spencer,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  sen- 
att)r.  author,  was  born  April  4,  1762.  in 
Essex,  Va.  He  was  successively  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  state  assembly,  council  and 
state  senate.  In  1789  he  was  appointed  a 
judge  of  the  general  court;  and  in  1794  a 
judge  of  the  court  of  errors.  He  died  Sept. 
4.   1822.   in   Siiaron   Sjirings.  Va. 

Roane,  William  Harrison,  congressman, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  in  1788  in 
\  irginia.  He  was  twice  elected  a  member 
of    the   executive   council   of    Virginia:    and 


24 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


was  onco  a  delegate  to  the  general  assem- 
bly. In  1815-17  lie  was  a  representative 
to*  the  fourteenth  congress;  and  in  1837-41 
he  was  United  States  senator.  He  died 
May  11,  lS4o,  in  Tree  Hill,  Va. 

Roark,  Ruric  Nevel,  educator,  author,  was 
born  May  19,  1859,  in  Greenville,  Ky.  Since 
1889  he  "has  been  dean  of  the  department 
of  pedagogy  at  the  state  college  of  Ken- 
tucky. He'is  the  author  of  Psychology  in 
Education;  Method  in  Education;  and  Gen- 
tral  Outline  of  Pedagogy. 

Robb,  Edward,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  19,  1857,  in 
Brazeau,  Mo.    Since   1870   he   has   practiced 

law  in  Perryville,  Mo. 
He  was  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Perry 
county  in  1880-84; 
and  w^as  a  member 
of  the  legislature  in 
1884-88.  He  was  as- 
sistant attorney-gen- 
eral of  the  state  in 
1889-93.  In  1897-1905 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-fifth, 
fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth and  fifty-eighth 
congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Robb,  Charles  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Nov.  14,  1867,  in  Guilford,  Vt.  In 
1905-06  he  was  assistant  attorney-general 
of  the  United  States;  and  since  1906  has 
been  an  associate  justice  of  the  court  of 
appeals  of  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Robb,  Hunter,  phj'sician,  surgeon,  author, 
was  born  in  1863.  in  Burlington,  N.J.  Since 
1894  he  has  practiced  medicine  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  Aseptic  Sur- 
gical  Technique. 

Robb,  Mrs.  Isabella  Adams,  litterateur, 
autiior,  was  born  in  1863  in  Canada.  She 
is  the  author  of  Nursing,  Its  Principles  and 
Practice ;    and  Nursing  Ethics. 

Robb,  James,  banker,  founder,  was  born 
April  2,  1814,  in  Brownville.  Pa.  He  built 
the  first  gas-works  in  the  city  of  Havana 
in  1840;  and  was  president  of  the  Spanish 
gaslight  company,  sharing  the  capital  with 
Maria  Christina,  the  queen-mother  of  Spain. 
He  was  active  in  establisliiiig  eight  bank- 
ing-houses and  commercial  firms  and  agen- 
cies in  New  Orleans,  Philadelphia,  New 
York,  San  Francisco,  and  Liverpool,  four 
of  which  were  in  existence  in  1857.  He  was 
president  of  the  railroad  convention  tliat 
met  in  New  Orleans  in  1851  and  built  the 
first  railroad  that  connected  New  Orleans 
with  the  north.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Louisiana  state  senate.  He  died  July  30, 
1881,  near  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 

Robb,  James  Burcn,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  April  14,  1817,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He 
prepared  and  published  a,  valuable  compila- 
tion of  Patent  Cases  in  Su]ireme  and  Coun- 
ty Courts  of  tlie  United  States  to  1850,  in 
two  volumes.  He  died  Nov.  3,  1876,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 


Robb,  James  Hampden,  banker,  state 
senator,  was  born  Oct.  27,  1846,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  was  a  member  of  the  leg- 
islature of  New  York  in  1882;  state  senator 
in  1884-85;  and  prominent  in  the  public 
afi'airs  of  his  city  and  state. 

Robbie,  Reuben,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Vermont.  In  1851-53  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
second  congress.  He  died  in  New  York. 

Robbins,  Ashur,  lawyer,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  Oct.  26,  1757,  in  Wethers- 
lield,  Conn.  He  was  United  States  district 
attorney  in  1812.  In  1825-39  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Rhode  Island;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Rhode  Island  legis- 
lature for  many  years.  He  died  Feb.  25, 
1845,  in  Newport,  R.I. 

Robbins,  Chandler,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  24,  1738,  in  Branford,  Conn. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Reply  to  John 
Cotton's  Essays  on  Baptism;  An  Address 
at  Plymouth  to  the  Inhabitants  assembled 
to  celebrate  the  victories  of  the  French 
Republic  over  their  invaders;  An  Anni- 
versary Sermon  on  the  Landing  at  Ply- 
mouth ;  and  other  discourses.  He  died  June 
30.   1799.  in   Plymouth,  Mass. 

Robbins,  Chandler,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  14,  1810,  in  Lynn,  Mass.  He  was 
pastor  of  the  Second  church  of  Boston  in 
1833-74.  He  was  the  author  of  Liturgy  for 
the  Use  of  a  Christian  Church;  History  of 
the  Second  or  Old  North  Church;  IMemoir 
of  Benjamin  Curtis;  and  Portrait  of  a 
Christian  Drawn  from  Life.  He  died  Sept. 
11,  1882,  in  Weston,  Mass. 

Robbins,  Edward  Everett,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  27, 
1860,  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  state  sen- 
ate in  1888-92.  He  is  major  and  quarter- 
master of  the  second  brigade,  state  militia. 
In  1897-99  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-fifth  congress  as 
a   republican. 

Robbinsi,  Edward  Everett,  lawyer,  state 
born  Feb.  18,  1758,  in  Milton  Mass.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  convention  that  framed 
the  constitution  of  Massachusetts  in  1780; 
served  in  the  Massachusetts  legislature 
in  1788-1803;  and  was  speaker  of  the 
house  in  1793-1802.  In  1803-07  he  Avas  lieu- 
tenant-governor; and  in  1811-29  was  judge 
of  probate  for  Norfolk  county.  He  died 
Dec.  29.   1829.  in  :Milton,  Mass. 

Robbins,  Mrs.  Eliza,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  26,  1786,  in  Boston,  Mass.  She 
was  an  educator  in  Boston  for  many  years; 
and  the  author  of  several  successful  school 
books.  She  was  the  autlior  of  Elements 
of  Mythology;  Grecian  History;  Tales  from 
American  History,  in  three  volumes;  Amer- 
ican Popular  Lessons;  and  Histories  of 
p]ngland  and  Greece.  She  died  July  16,  1853, 
ill    Cambridge,    ^lass. 

Robbins,    Francis    Le    Baron,    clergyman, 
was   born   May   2,    i830,   in   Camillus,'  N.Y. 
He   was   a   pastor   in   Philadelphia.   Pa.,   for 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


•Z5 


twenty-five  years;  founded  the  Oxford  prcs- 
byterian  church  and  was  its  pastor  for  sev- 
enteen years;  and  founded  a  church  in 
Kensington,  the  center  of  the  manufactur- 
ing district  of  Phih\delpliia.  He  now  sup- 
plies pulpits  of  congregational  churches 
tliat  are  without  pastors. 

Robbins,  Gaston  A.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Sept.  20,  1859,  in  Alabama.  He 
entered   the    university    of    North    Carolina 

in    1877,    and    gradu- 
ated   in   1879,  studied 

r>  law    with     Dick    and 

Dillard.  at  Greens- 
boro, N.C.  He  was 
admitted  to  practice 
law  in  the  supreme 
j^  court  of  North  Caro- 

4  ^-  liiia   in   1880.    Return- 


ing   then     to     Selma, 


Ala.,  he  employed 
himself  in  the  prac- 
tice of  the  law;  and 
was  presidential  elec- 
tor on  the  Cleveland  and  Hendricks  ticket 
in  1884.  He  was  elected  to  tlie  fifty-third, 
fifty-fourth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses  and 
served  in  1895-96.  His  seat  was  successful- 
ly contested  by  W.  F.  Aldrich.  He  died  in 
.Selma.  Ala. 

Robbins,  George  R.,  physician,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  24,  1812,  in  Allentown, 
N.J.  Ill  1855-59  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirty-fourth  and 
thirty-fifth  congresses.  He  died  in  New  Jer- 
sey. 

Robbins,  Hayes,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  24,  1873,  in  Angelica.  N.Y.  In 
1895-1903  he  was  engaged  in  editorial  and 
literary  work  in  New  York  City;  and  in 
1905-90  was  secretary  of  the  civic  federa- 
tion of  New  Kiigland  with  headtiuarters  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  is  ])art  author  of  Out- 
lines of  Social  Economics;  and  Outlines  of 
Political  Science. 

Robbins,  Henry  Alfred,  ])hysician,  au- 
thor, was  l)oni  Fcl).  !),  IS.'V.t,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  is  a  noted  physician  of  Wasliing- 
ton  City.  He  is  tlie  author  of  Non-Venereal 
Syphilis;  Organic  Syphilis;  and  Under  the 
Red  Flag  of  the  Commune. 

Robbins,  Horace  Wolcott,  artist,  was 
born  Oct.  21.  1S42.  in  Mobile.  Ala.  In  1878 
he  became  a  mi'inhcr  of  tiic  National  acad- 
emy of  dfsign.  .Many  of  iiis  works  arc  pic- 
tures of  mountain  and  lake  scenery.  His 
oil-paintings  include  Ulue  Mills  of  .Jamaica ; 
Passing  Shower,  .lamaica:  Koadsi<le  Kims; 
Harbor  Islands.  Lake  (ieorge;  Karly  Au- 
tumn. Adiiondacks;  and  The  Lane.  He 
died   in    1904   in  New  York  City. 

Robbins,  Irvin,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
was  horn  March  ."in.  1S:J9.  in  Moscow.  Ind. 
In  18t)l-(i5  he  served  in  the  civil  war;  and 
since  1871  has  been  a  carriage  manufac- 
turer. In  189.3-97  he  was  adjutant-general 
of  Indiana:  and  in  1899-1900  was  command- 
er-in-ciiief   of    the   C!rand   army   of    the   re- 


public.  He  is  the  author  of  War  Statistics, 
published  by  the  Indiana  loyal  legion. 

Robbins,  Jane  Bodwell  Barnett,  educator, 
jiioneer,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1815,  in  Methuen, 
Mass.    She  was  a  pioneer   in   Wisconsin   in 

1855;  in  Minnesota  in 
1856;  and  in  Wash- 
ington territory  in 
1878.  She  was  an  ac- 
tive teacher,  pioneer, 
Sunday  school  and 
woman's  christian 

temperance  union 

worker;  and  a  mis- 
sionary and  suflrage 
patron.  She  voted  in 
the  years  1881-87  in 
Washington  terri- 

tory; and  was  well 
known  throughout  the  territory.  She  died 
Nov.   19,   1894,  in  Cheney,  Wash. 

Robbins,  John,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was 
for  several  years  engaged  in  the  iron  and 
steel  business.  In  1849-55  and  1875-77  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  thirty-first,  thirty-second,  thirty-third 
and  forty-fourth  congresses  as  a  democrat. 
He  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Robbins,  Joseph,  patfiiot,  revolutionary 
soldier,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1729,  in  Acton, 
Mass.  He  commanded  a  company  of  yeo- 
manry in  the  first  fight  with  the  British 
at  tlie  old  North  Bridge  at  Concord,  April 
19,  1775,  in  response  to  the  call  of  Paul 
Revere.  On  patriot's  "day,  1895.  the  cit- 
izens of  Acton,  Concord  and  Lexington  set 
up  a  large  memorial  stone  on  the  place 
where  once  stood  tiie  home  of  Capt.  .Joseph 
Robins.    He  died  March  31,  1800. 

Robbins,  Mrs.  Mary  Caroline,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1841,  in  Calais, 
;\laine.  She  is  a  writer  for  the  magazines 
on  art,  land.scape  gardening,  and  kindred 
topics.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Rescue 
of  An  Old  Place:  and  several  translated 
books. 

Robbins,  Rensselaer  David  Chanceford, 
linguist,  ediuator,  author,  was  born  Dec. 
23.  1811.  in  Wardsborough.  Vt.  He  con- 
frihiited  to  the  Bibliotheca  Sacra:  trans- 
lateil  l^gypt  and  the  Books  of  Moses  from 
the  (ierman:  and  Xenophon's  Memorabilia 
of  Socrates,  with  notes;  and  edited  the 
third  and  fourth  editions  of  Prof.  Moses 
Stuart's  Commentaries  on  the  F.pistles  to 
the  Romans,  Hebrews  and  Kcclesiastes.  He 
died  Nov.  3.  1882.  in  Newton  Highlands, 
Mass. 

Robbins,  Royal,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  21.  1788,  in  Wetlierslield.  Conn. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman;  and 
in  islC.-Cil  pastor  at  Kensington,  Conn.  He 
was  the  author  of  Outlines  of  Ancient  His- 
tory; and  The  World  l)is|)layed.  He  died 
March  26.   18(il.  in   Berlin,  Coiin. 

Robbins,  Thomas,  clergyman,  founder, 
was   born   Aug.    II.    1777,   in   Norfolk,  Conn. 


26 


HERRINGSHAAV'S   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


In  1832-42  he  filled  a  pastorate  in  Ro- 
chester, Mass.;  and  was  subsequently  a 
resident  of  Hartford,  Conn.  He  founded 
the  Connecticut  historical  society.  He  gave 
his  private  library  to  the  society,  and  in 
18-14  was  librarian.  He  was  the  author  of 
All  Religions  and  Religious  Ceremonies.  He 
died   Sept.    13,    1856,   in   Colebrook,   Conn. 

Robbins,  Walter  Raleigh,  soldier,  nier- 
cliant.  manufacturer,  was  born  Dec.  22, 
1843,  in  ^Vliitesboro,  N.Y.  He  served 
tliroui^hout  the  civil  war  from  private  to 
colonel ;  and  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral. Since  1872  he  has  been  engaged  in  the 
lumber  business  in  Chicago,  111.;  and  has 
been  president  of  the  Lumberman's  asso- 
ciation of  Chicago,  111. 

Robbins,  Wilford  Lash,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  l)orn  Aug.  7,  IS.jO,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  i887r.)03  he  was  dean  of  All 
Saints  cathedral  of  Albany,  N.Y.  He  is 
dean  of  the  General  theological  seminary, 
Xew  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  An 
Kssay  Toward  Faith;  and  A  Christian 
Ajiologf'tie. 

Robbins,  William  McKendric,  educator, 
soldier,  lawyer,  state  senator,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  20,  1828.  in  Randolpli  coun- 
ty N.C.  He  graduated 
in  1851  from  the  Ran- 
dolpli-Macon  college 
of  ^'irginia.  For  a 
few  years  he  was 
professor  of  mathe- 
matics in  Trinit}'^  col- 
lege, N.C.  He  remov- 
ed to  Alabama  and 
began  the  practice  of 
law.  He  volunteered 
in  1861  as  a  soldier; 
served  over  four 
years;  and  surrender- 
ed at  Appomattox  as  major  commanding' 
the  fourtli  Alabama  infantry.  He  then  re- 
turned to  North  Carolina  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  and  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1868  and  again  in  1870.  In 
1871-70  lie  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  tlie  forty-third,  forty-fourth 
and  forty-fifth  congresses.  In  1894  he  was 
iip])ointed  a  commissioner  of  the  Gettysburg 
military   park. 

Robe,  Charles  Franklin,  soldier,  was  born 
Nov.  23,  1841,  in  Canastota,  N.Y.  He  serv- 
ed throughout  the  civil  war;  and  attained 
tlie  rank  of  captain.  In  1866  he  joined  tlie 
regular  army;  became  captain  in  1872;  was 
made  major  in  1900;  and  in  1903  was  re- 
tired as  brigadier-general  of  the  United 
States    army. 

Roberdeau,  Daniel,  congressman,  was 
l)(iin  in  1727.  in  the  West  Indies.  In  1777- 
79  he  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  continental  congress;  and  was  a  signer 
of  tlie  articles  of  confederation.  He  died 
Jan.  5,  1795.  in  Winchester,  Va. 

Roberdeau,  Isaac,  soldier,  civil  engineer, 
was    born    Sept.    11,    1763,    in    Philadelphia, 


Pa.  In  1813,  he  was  appointed  major  and 
topographical  engineer  in  the  regular  army. 
Al  the  close  of  the  war  with  Great  Britain 
he  was  ordered  to  .survey  the  boundary  be- 
tween the  L'nited  States  and  Canada,  under 
the  treaty  of  Ghent. 

Robert,  Christopher  Rhinelander,  mer- 
cliant,  philanthropist,  was  born  March  23, 
1802,  in  Brookhaven,  Long  Island,  N.Y. 
In  1830  he  became  head  of  the  firm  of  Rob- 
ert and  Williams  of  New  York  City;  and 
also  held  the  presidency  of  a  large  coal  and 
iron  company.  He  gave  large  sums  to  Ham- 
ilton college  and  Auburn  theological  sem- 
ir.ary;  but  his  chief  benefactions  were  to 
the  American  college  in  Constantinople, 
Mhich  was  named  Robert  college  in  his 
honor.  He  gave  it  about  four  hundred 
thousand  dollars.  He  died  Oct.  28,  1878,  in 
Paris,  France. 

Robert,  Henry  Martyn,  civil  engineer,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  2,  1837,  in  Beaufort 
district.  S.C.  In  1901  he  became  brigadier- 
general  and  chief  of  engineers  in  the  United 
States  army.  He  is  the  author  of  Robert's 
Rules  of  Order;  and  Index  to  Reports  of 
Chief  of  Engineers  U.  S.  A.,  on  River  and 
Harbor  Improvements  from   1866-1887. 

Robert,  Joseph  Thomas,  clergyman,  par- 
liamentarian, author,  was  born  in  Robert- 
ville,  S.C.  In  1879-96  he  filled  pastorates; 
and  since  1896  has  been  engaged  in  lec- 
tures on  parliamentary  law.  He  is  the  au- 
thor   of    Robert's    Parliamentary   Manual. 

Robert,  Joseph  Thomas,  clergyman,  the- 
ologian, was  born  Nov.  28,  1807,  in  Beau- 
fort district,  S.C.  In  1871  he  took  charge 
of  the  Augusta  institute  for  the  training 
of  colored  ministers,  and  when  this  insti- 
tute was  removed  in  1879  to  Atlanta,  and 
incorporated  with  the  Atlanta  baptist  sem- 
inary, he  was  made  its  president.  He  died 
-Alarch  5,  1884,  in  Atlanta.  Ga. 

Roberts,  Mrs.  Anna  Smith,  poet,  Avas  born 
Dec.  23,  1827.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  was 
the  author  of  Forest  Flowers  of  the  West. 
She  died  Aug.  10,  18.58,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Roberts,  Anthony  E.,  merchant,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  October,  1803,  in  Chester 
county.  Pa.  In  1839-42  he  was  sheriff  of 
Lancaster  county,  and  held  the  office  till 
1842;  and  in  1849  was  appointed  marshal 
of  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsylvania.  In 
1855-.59  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  thirty-fourth  and  thirty- 
fifth  congresses.  He  died  In  Lancaster  coun- 
ty, Pa. 

Roberts,  Benjamin  Kearney,  soldier,  was 
horn  Nov.  28,  1846,  in  IMemphis,  Tenn.  In 
1863  he  AA'as  commissioned  second  lieuten- 
ant in  the  second  Iowa  cavalry;  and  in  1864 
was  honorably  mustered  out.  In  1865  he 
Avas  brevetted  major;  and  in  1905  was  re- 
tired with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general 
and   chief   of   artiller.v. 

Roberts,  Benjamin  Stone,  soldier,  was 
born  in  1811  in  Manchester,  Vt.   In  1835  he 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


27 


Another  Sect; 
and  Ordainin.u' 
in   North   Cliil'i. 


graduated  from  West  Point;   practiced  law 

in  Iowa  in  1843-46; 
and  then  re-entered 
the  army.  He  served 
with  distinction  in 
the  Mexican  and  civil 
wars;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  major- 
seneral.  After  two 
years  as  professor  of 
tactics  at  Yale  col- 
lege, he  retired  from 
active  service  in  1870. 
He  then  undertook 
the  mamifactiire  and 
sale  of  a  rille  of  his  own  invention.  He 
died  Jan.  29.  1875,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Roberts,  Benjamin  Titus,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  l)orn  in  1823  in  New  York.  He 
was  a  free  methodist  clergynum  of  North 
Ciiili,  N.Y.;  founder  of  Chesbrough  acade- 
my there  in  1865;  and  president  of  that 
institution  in  1860-03.  He  was  the  author 
of  Fisliers  of  Men;  Why 
First  Lessons  on  Money; 
Wonu-n.  He  died  in  1803 
X.Y. 

Roberts,  Benson  Howard,  educator,  pub- 
lislicr.  autliur.  was  horn  Oct.  9,  1853,  in 
lirockport.  N.Y.  in  1876-78  and  in  1881- 
1006  he  was  i)rincipal  of  the  Cheasebrough 
•seminary  of  North  Cliili,  N.Y.  Since  1803 
he  has  been  the  editor  and  publisher  of 
the  Earnest  Christian,  and  of  Golden  Rule. 
In  1897  he  became  manager  of  the  Chris- 
tian house  for  girls  at  Pittsburgh.  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Holiness  Teachings;  and 
Benjamin    I'itus  Roberts,  a   biography. 

Roberts,  Brigbam  Henry,  journalist,  con- 
gressman, autlior.  was  boiii  March  13,  1857, 
in  Kngland.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Utah 
constitutional  convention  in  1805;  and  was 
a  democratic  nominee  for  congress  in  1895. 
In  1809-1001  he  was  a  representative  from 
I  tab  to  tlie  fiftv-si.xth  congress.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  Tile  Life  of  .Tolin  Taylor;  Out- 
lines of  Ecelesia.stical  History;  A  New  Wit- 
ness of  Ciod;  and  Latter  Day  Saints'  Tour 
From  Palmyra,  N.Y.,  to  Salt  Lake  City. 
Througli    the    Stereoscope. 

Roberts,  Charles  Boyle,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, jurist,  congressman,  was  born  April  10, 
1842^  in  liiiontown.  :M(1.  In  1875-70  he  was 
a  representative  from  Maryland  to  the 
forty-fourth  and  forty-fiftli  congresses.  For 
four  years  he  was  attorney  general  of 
Maryland;  afterward  became  associate 
jwrlgf  of  tlic  court  of  ajijxals  of  Maryland; 
and  subsecjuently  chief  judge  of  tlu-  court 
of  appeals  for  the  fifth  judicial  circuit  of 
Maryland.    He  died  in   1800   in   Maryland. 

Roberts,  Charles  George  Douglas,  littera- 
teur, autlior,  poet,  was  born  Jan.  10,  1S60, 
in  Canada.  He  was  a  profes.sor  of  litera- 
ture in  Kiti':"s  college,  Windsor,  Nova  Sco- 
tia; and  in  recent  years  a  resident  of  New 
York  City.  His  work  in  verse  iiu-ludes. 
Orion,  and  Other  Poems;   In  Divers  Tones; 


The  Book  of  the  Native.  His  prose  com- 
prises. Earth's  Enigmas,  a  collection  of 
short  stories;  The  Forge  in  the  Forest,  an 
Acadian  Romance;  A  History  of  Canada; 
Around  the  Camp  Fire;  Canadian  Guide 
Hook;  Reube  Dare's  Shad  Boat;  Raid  from 
I'eausi'jour;  How  the  Carter  Boys  Lifted 
the  Mortgage;  The  Heart  That  Knows; 
and  Tiie    Young  Acadian. 

Roberts,  Charles  Humphrey,  educator, 
lawyer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  11,  1847,  in 
Long  Run.  Ohio.  For  awliile  he  was  su- 
perintendent of  construction  for  the  Cam- 
den iron  works.  Since  1878  he  has  been  in 
general  and  patent  law  practice  at  Chi- 
cago, 111.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Down  The 
Ohio,  a   novel  of  quaker  life. 

Roberts,  Charles  Wentworth,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Maine.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieuten- 
ant in  the  second  regiment  Maine  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.  He  died  March  23,  1808. 
Roberts,  Cyrus  Swan,  soldier,  was  born 
Au>:.  23.  1841,  in  Sharon,  Conn.  He  served 
in  the  civil  war;  and  in  1865  attained  the 
lank  of  captain.  In  1867  he  became  first 
lieutenant  in  the  regular  army;  in  1901 
was  made  colonel;  and  in  1903  was  retired 
with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the 
United  States  army  after  fourteen  years 
of   service. 

Roberts,  Edmund  Quincy,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  20,  1784,  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.H.  He  did  nuieh  to  promote 
trade  in  Farther  India.  He  was  the  author 
of  Embassv  to  the  Eastern  Courts.  He 
died  June  12.  1836,  in  China. 

Roberts,  Edwin  Ewing,  congressman,  was 
born  at  Pleasant  Grove,  Cal.,  Dec.  12,  1870. 
His  home  is  Carson  City,  where  he  is  a 
member  of  tlie  law  firm  of  Roberts  and 
San  ford.  He  was  a  Jiiember  of  congress 
from  Nevada  in  1890. 

Roberts,  Ellis  Henry,  journalist,  banker, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  30,  1827,  in  Utica,  N.Y.   He  was 

a  member  of  the  leg- 
islature of  the  state 
of  New  York  in  1867. 
In  1871-75  he  was  a 
representative  from 
New  York  to  the  for- 
ty-second and  forty- 
tliini  congresses;  was 
assistant  treasurer  of 
the  United  States  at 
New  York  in  1889-93; 
and  treasurer  of  the 
Inited  States  in  1897- 
l!t(l5.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  (iovernment  ReveniU";  and  New 
\()vk.  the  Planting  and  (Jrowth  of  the  Em- 
pire States. 

Roberts,  Elwood,  educator,  journalist,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Jan.  22.  184(>.  in  Wil- 
mington, Del.  He  received  a  liberal  educa- 
tion; and  for  fourteen  years  taught  in 
the   public   and   private  schools  of   Pennsyl- 


28 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


vania.  Since  1882  he  has  been  engaged  in 
editorial  worlv  on  the  Norristown  Herald, 
one  of  the  foremost  daily  and  weekly  news- 
papers of  the  east.  He  is  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  tiie  Montgomery  County  Historical 
society,  and  is  its  librarian.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  series  of  papers  on  Valley 
Forge  Camp-Ground,  now  being  published 
in  book  form;  a  volume  of  poems  entitled 
Lyrics  of  Quakerism;  and  he  is  greatly  in- 
terested  in  genealogical  research. 

Roberts,  Ernest  William,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  22, 
1858,  in  East  Madison,  Maine.  In  1894-06 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
state  legislature;  and  was  state  senator 
in  1897-98.  In  1899-1915  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts  to  the  fifty- 
sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third    congresses. 

Roberts,  Frank  Hunt  Kurd,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  April  1,  1869,  in 
Mount  Vernon,  N.Y.  He  has  received  the 
degrees  of  B.Ph.  and  B.Ped.  from  the  Ohio 
university;  A.M.  from  Kenyon  college;  and 
Ph.D.  from  the  university  of  Denver.  In 
1889-93  he  was  engaged  in  newspaper  work 
in  Ohio.  In  1889-99  he  was  superintendent 
and  principal  of  schools;  in  1899-1903  was 
professor  of  education  and  principal  of  the 
Wyoming  state  normal  school;  and  since 
1903  has  been  professor  of  history  and  po- 
litical science  at  the  university  of  Den- 
ver. In  1905  he  was  sent  to  Europe  by  the 
university  of  Denver  to  investigate  munici- 
pal ownership.  In  1901-03  he  lectured  on 
history  and  pedagogy  at  the  Colorado  chau- 
tauqua;  and  in  1904  lectured  at  the  state 
board  of  examiners  of  Wyoming.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  Comparative  Study  of  the 
State  and  Nation;  Civil  Government;  and 
Civil   Government  of  Wyoming. 

Roberts,  George  Brooks,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  Jan.  15,  1833,  in  Montgom- 
ery  county.    Pa.     He    was    educated    in    the 

common  schools  and 
at  the  Polytechnic  in- 
stitute of  Troy,  N.Y. 
He  began  business  life 
as  a  railroad  engin- 
neer  on  the  Pennsyl- 
vania railroad.  In 
1852  he  became  as- 
sistant engineer;  and 
for  ten  years  was 
steadily  engaged  in 
location  and  construc- 
tion of  various  rail- 
roads, including  the 
Sunbury  and  Erie;  the  north  Pennsylvania 
and  w.estern  Pennsylvania;  the  Allentown 
and  Auburn;  the  Mahanoy  and  Broad 
Mountain;  the  west  Jersey;  and  other 
railroads.  Since  1880  he  has  been  ])resident 
of  the  Pennsylvania  railroad;  and  is  also 
])resident  of  numerous  other  railroad  cor- 
jiorations. 


Roberts,  George  Evan,  printer,  financier, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  19,  1857,  in  Del- 
aware county,  Iowa.  In  1882  he  was  elect- 
ed state  printer  for  Iowa.  In  1898-1907  he 
was  a  director  of  the  United  States  mint; 
and  since  1907  has  been  president  of  the 
Commercial  national  bank  of  Chicago,  111. 
He  is  the  author  of  Coin  at  School  in 
Finance;  Iowa  and  the  Silver  Question;  and 
Money,  Wages  and  Prices. 

Roberts,  George  Litch,  lawyer,  was  born 
Dec.  30,  1836.  in  Boston,  Mass.  Since  1864 
he  has  practiced  law  in  Boston,  Mass.;  and 
is  a  specialist  in  jjatent  cases;  and  has 
taken  a  prominent  part  in  the  Bell  tele- 
phone cases. 

Roberts,  George  Washington,  soldier,  was 
born  Oct.  2,  1833,  in  Chester  county.  Pa. 
He  commanded  a  brigade  of  the  army  of  the 
Mississippi;  and  was  killed  while  leading 
the  forty-second  Illinois  in  a  successful 
charge.  He  died  Dec.  31,  1862,  near  Mur- 
freesborough,    Tenn. 

Roberts,  Henry,  manufacturer,  governor, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1853,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
He  is  president  of  the  Hartford  woven 
wire  mattress  company;  and  a  director  in 
various  corporations  of  Connecticut.  In 
1899-1901  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
Connecticut  state  legislature;  in  1901-03 
was  a  member  of  the  state  senate;  and  was 
lieutenant-governor  in  1903-05.  In  1905-07 
he  was  governor  of  the  state  of  Connecti- 
cut. 

Roberts,  Howard,  sculptor,  was  born 
April  9,  1843,  in  Pliiladclphia.  He  opened 
a  studio  in  Philadelphia;  and  produced 
there  his  first  work  of  note,  the  statuette 
Hester  and  Pearl,  from  Hawthorne's  Scar- 
let Letter.  Among  his  other  works  are 
Hypatia;  Lucille,  a  bust;  Lot's  Wife,  a 
statuette;  and  numerous  ideal  and  portrait 
busts.  His  statue  of  Robert  Fulton  is  in 
the  capitol  at  Washington.  He  died  in  1900 
in   Pliilad('l])hia,  Pa. 

Roberts,  Mrs.  Ina  Brevoort,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  May  21,  1874,  in  Yonkers, 
N.Y.  She  was  educated  in  the  grammar 
school  of  Elizabeth,  N.J.:  in  18S8-90  she 
attended  the  high  school  of  Newark;  and 
the  Maplewood  institute  of  Concord,  Pa. 
She  is  tlie  wife  of  Mr.  J.  E.  Roberts  of 
New  York  City.  She  is  a  member  of  the 
Woman's  jjress  club.  Rainy  day  club  and 
other  societies.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Lifting  of  a  Finger,  and  other  works. 

Roberts,  Isaac  Phillips,  educator,  scien- 
tist, autlior,  was  born  July  24,  1833,  in 
lilast  Varick,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the 
Seneca  Falls  academy;  and  received  the 
honorary  degree  of  M.Agr.  from  the  Iowa 
state  college"  In  1873-94  he  was  professor 
of  agriculture  and  dean  of  the  faculty 
of  agriculture;  in  1888-1903  was  a  di- 
rector of  the  agricnltural  experimen- 
tal station;  and  since  1903  has  been  pro- 
fessor emeritus  and  a  lecturer  on  agricul- 
ture at  Cornell  universitv.    He  was  an  as- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


29 


sociate  editor  of  the  Country  Gentleman. 
He  was  i)reskU'nt  of  the  New  York  state 
dairyman's  association;  and  is  a  member 
of  tile  New  Yorlc  ajiricultural  society;  a 
member  of  tlie  American  association  for 
the  advancement  of  science;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  tlie  Western  New  York  horticul- 
tural society.  He  is  tiie  author  of  The  Fer- 
tility of  tile  Land;  The  Farmsted;  The 
Farmer's  Business  Handbook;  and  The 
Horse. 

Roberts,  James  Booth,  actor,  dramatist, 
vas  born  Sept.  27,  ISIS,  in  New  CastU>, 
Del.  In  1851  he  went  to  England  and  play- 
ed at  Drury  Lane  theater  of  London  in  the 
characters  '  of  Sir  Giles  Overreach,  King 
Lear,  and  Richard  IIL  He  wrote  a  version 
of  Goetlie's  Faust  which  lie  produced  in 
Philadelphia,  playing  Mephistopheles.  He 
died  about   ISOO.  ' 

Roberts, 'James  Hudson,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, author,  was  born  June  11,  1851, 
in  Hartford.  Conn.  In  1877  lie  was  ordain- 
ed to  the  congregational  ministry.  In  1877- 
80  he  was  missionary  to  Peking.  China;  and 
in  1880-1!»0G  preached  in  Kalgan,  China. 
Since  1907  he  has  filled  pastorates  in  South - 
bury  and  West  Suffield,  Conn.  He  is  the 
autiior  of  A  Flight  for  Life;  and  An  Inside 
A'icw   of   Mongolia. 

Roberts,  Job,  agriculturist,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  ]March  23,  1757,  near  Gwynedd, 
Pa.  He  was  among  the  first  to  introduce 
and  breed  merino  sheep  in  Pennsylvania; 
and  promoted  tiic  manufacture  of  silk.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Pennsylvania  Farm- 
er, being  a  Selection  from  the  Most  Ap- 
proved Treatises  in  Husbandry.  He  died 
Aug.  20.  1851,  near  Gwynedd,  Pa. 

Roberts,  John  Bingham,  surgeon,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  29.  1852,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  In  1871  he  graduated  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania;  and  in  1874  from  the 
Jefferson  medical  college.  He  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  surgery  in  the  Philadelphia  poly- 
clinic; to  tlie  Woman's  medical  college  of 
Pennsylvania;  and  surgeon  to  the  Metho- 
dist hospital.  He  has  been  president  of  the 
Philadelphia  county  medical  society;  pres- 
ident of  the  medical  society  of  the  state  of 
Pennsylvania;  and  vice-president  of  the 
American  surgical  association.  He  is  the 
siutlior  of  Conipend  of  Anatomy;  Surgery 
of  the  Human  Brain;  Treatise  on  ]\Iodorn 
Surgery;  Modern  Medicine  and  Homoeopa- 
thy: Modern  Treatment  of  Fractures;  De- 
formities of  the  Face;  and  valuable  medical 
papers  in  current  publications  and  deliv- 
ered  before   scientific  societies. 

Roberts,  John  Taylor,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, college  president,  was  born  Dec.  29, 
1858,  in  Blackford  county,  Ind.  In  1887 
he  graduated  from  llartsville  college;  in 
1894  graduati'd  from  tlie  ITnion  biblical 
seminary  of  Dayton.  Oliio;  in  19()2  gradu- 
ated from  Harriman  university  of  Ten- 
nessee; and  has  received  the  degrees  of  M. 
S.,.  D.D.  and  Ph.D.    For  five  years  he  filled 


a  pastorate;  was  presiding  elder  for  eleven 
years;  and  since  1905  has  been  president 
of  the  Indiana  central  university  at  Uni- 
versity   Ileiglits,    Tndiaiia])olis,    Ind. 

Roberts,  John  Wright,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  in  1815  in  Petersburg,  Va. 
He  served  as  pastor,  presiding  elder  and 
secretary,  and  was  made  bishop  of  Liberia 
in   lS(;(i."  He  (lied  Jan.  30.  1875.  in  Liberia. 

Roberts,  Jonathan,  congressman,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  16,  1771,  in 
I'lijier  ^lerioii.  Pa.  He  was  elected  to  both 
brandies  of  the  Pennsylvania  legislature. 
In  1811-15  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  twelfth  and  thirteenth 
congresses;  and  in  1813-21  he  was  United 
States  senator.  In  1841  he  was  appointed 
collector  of  the  ])ort  of  Pliiladelphia.  He 
died  July  21,  1S.54.  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 

Roberts,  Jonathan  Manning,  lawyer,  in- 
vestigator, author,  was  born  Dec.  7,  1821, 
in  ]Nloiitgoiiiery  county.  Pa.  He  practiced 
law  for  about  a  year;  and  was  engaged  in 
commercial  pursuits.  He  was  a  metapliys- 
ical  investigator;  and  in  1878  published 
Mind  and  :\1  after  in  Philadelpliia,  Pa.  He 
M  as  tlie  author  of  A  History  of  the  Cliris- 
tian  Religion.  He  died  Feb.  28.  1888,  in 
Burlington,  N.J. 

Roberts,  Joseph,  soldier,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  ;iO,  1814.  in  Middletown,  Del. 
During  the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general.  He  was  promoted  col- 
onel in  the  fourth  artillery  in  1877;  and 
was  ])laced  on  the  retired  list.  He  was  the 
author  of  a  Hand-Book  of  Artillery.  He 
died  Oct.   18,   1898,  in  Philadelpliia.  Pa. 

Roberts,  Joseph  Jenkins,  jiresident  of  Li- 
beria, was  born  ]\Iareli  15.  ISO!),  in  Norfolk, 
Va.  When  the  colony  of  Liberia  was  found- 
ed by  the  American  Colonization  society;  he 
was  first  lieutenant-governor  and  then  gov- 
ernor of  the  colony;  and.  upon  the  forma- 
tion of  the  republic  in  1848.  he  was  elected 
its  first  president,  serving  four  years.  He 
died  Feb.  24,   1876.  in  Liberia. 

Roberts,  Marshall  Owen,  merchant,  was 
born  March  22,  1814,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  among  the  first  to  recognize  the 
advantage  of  fine  equipped  steamers  for 
Hudson  river,  and  built  the  Hendrik  Hud- 
son. He  projected  the  Delaware,  Lackawan- 
na and  Western  railroad.  When  the  Cali- 
fornia fever  began  in  1849  he  made  a  con- 
tract with  the  United  States  government  to 
lraiis|)ort  the  mails  to  California  by  the 
I.sflimus  of  Panama.  In  1852  he  was  nom- 
inated for  congress  bv  the  Whig  jiarty, 
but  was  defeated.  He 'died  Sept.  11.  1880. 
in   Saratoga   Springs,  N.Y. 

Roberts,  Martin  Leonard,  legislator,  ge- 
iienJD^isl.  aiiliior,  was  burn  Ajiril  24.  1839, 
in  Cliallitim,  Conn.  For  many  years  he  has 
been  a  railway  jiostal  clerk.  In  1869  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Coniieeticnt  state  lef,'is 
latiire.  lie  is  the  author  of  a  jrenealoii.V 
of  the  Car|)eiiter  Family;  and  has  written 
a  History  of  Chntham. 


30 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Roberts,  Oran  Milo,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, goveruor,  was  boru  July  9,  1815,  in 
Laurens  district,  S.C.  In  1846  he  was  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  fifth  judicial  district  of 
Texas ;  and  in  1857  was  elected  an  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Texas.  In 
1862  he  resigned  and  entered  the  confed- 
erate army.  In  1868-70  he  was  professor  of 
law  and  agriculture  in  the  institute  at  Gil- 
mer, Texas.  In  1874  he  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  state ;  and  was  elected 
to  that  position  in  1876.  In  1879-83  he  was 
the  thirteenth  governor  of  Texas.  In  1883 
he  became  professor  of  law  in  the  university 
of  Texas.  He  was  the  author  of  Governor 
Robinson's  Texas.  He  died  May  19,  1898, 
in   Austin,   Texas. 

Roberts,  Peter,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  26,  1859,  in  South  Wales.  He 
is  now  pastor  of  the  congregational  church 
at  Mahonay  City,  Pa.  He  is  the  author 
of  Anthracite  Coal  Industry  ;  and  Anthracite 
Cual  (Communities. 

Roberts,  Robert  Ellis,  merchant,  author, 
was  born  June  3,  1809,  in  Utica,  N.Y.  He 
organized  the  fire  department  of  Detroit, 
Mich.,  of  which  he  was  the  first  president ; 
established  the  i)ublic  library ;  and  served 
on  the  board  of  education.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Sketches  of  Detroit ;  and  The  City  of 
the  Straits.  He  died  Feb.  18,  1881,  in  De- 
troit,  Mich. 

Roberts,  Robert  Richford,  missionary 
bishop,  was  born  Aug.  2,  1778,  in  Frederick 
county,  Md.  He  was  elected  a  bishop  of  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  church.  He  was  called 
by  the  Indians  the  grandfather  of  all  the 
missionaries.  His  history  is  identified  with 
Ihe  early  methodist  church.  He  died  March 
26,  1843,  in  Lawrence  county,   Ind. 

Roberts,  Robert  W.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Delaware.  In  1843-47  he  was  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  to  the  twenty- 
eighth  and  twenty-ninth  congresses.  He  died 
in   Mississippi. 

Roberts,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  8,  1763,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
In  1803-30  lie  was  president  judge  of  the 
fifth  judicial  district  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  the  author  of  A  Digest  of  Select  British 
Statutes.  He  died  Dec.  13,  1830,  in  Pitts- 
burg. Pa. 

Roberts,  Samuel  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Connecticut.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  one  hundred  thirty-ninth  regi- 
ment New  York  infantry  ;  and  in  1854  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
(lied  Oct.  7.  1890. 

Roberts,  Sarah,  litterateur,  author,  was 
horn  July  26.  1812.  in  I'ortsmouth.  She 
was  the  author  of  My  Childhood  ;  My  Step- 
Mother  ;  and  Voice  ot  the  Grass.  She  died 
March    16,    1869,    in    New    York    City. 

Roberts,  Solomon  White,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  3,  1811,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  a  distinguished  civil  engi- 
neer of  Pennsylvania.     lie  was  the  author  of 


The  Destiny  of  Pittsburg.  He  died  March 
20.  1882.  in   Atlantic  City,   N.J. 

Roberts,  Stephen  H.,  soldier.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  Pie  died  Oct. 
28,  1890,  in  New   York  City. 

Roberts,  Thomas  Paschall,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  April  21,  1843,  in  Carlisle. 
Pa.  He  executed  surveys  for  the  ship  canal 
to  connect  the  Ohio  river  with  Lake  Erie. 
He  is  the  author  of  Memoir  of  the  Lat(> 
Chief  Justice  Gibson  of  Pennsylvania. 

Roberts,  Vasco  Harold,  educator,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  May  21,  1874,  in  St.  Jo- 
seph, Mich.  In  1903-09  he  was  professor 
of  law  of  corporations  and  real  property  at 
the  university  of  Missouri.  Since  1909  he 
has  practiced  as  an  attorney  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  is  the  author  of  Annotated  Cases 
on  the  Law  of  Extraordinary  Legal  Rem- 
edies. 

Roberts,  William,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  25,  1809,  in  Wales.  He  was  a 
Welsh  presbyterian  clergyman  of  Scranton 
and  Utica,  N.Y.  He  published,  in  Welsh, 
The  Abrahamic  Covenant ;  and  The  Election 
of  Grace.     He  died  in  1887,  in  Utica,  N.Y. 

Roberts,  William.  Charles,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Sept.  23,  1832,  in 
Wales.  In  1887  he  became  president  of 
Lake  Forest  university  of  Illinois.  In 
1859-63  he  was  a  trustee  of  Lafayette  col- 
lege ;  and  since  1866  has  been  a  trustee  of 
Princeton  college.  He  died  in  1903.  in 
I'rinceton,    N.J. 

Roberts,  William  Henry,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  31,  1S44,  in  Wales.  He 
is  a  presbyterian  clergj' man ;  professor  of 
theologj'  in  Lan--  seminarj'  in  1886-93;  and 
stated  clerk  of  the  general  assembly  since 
1884.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church  in  the  United  States; 
Ecclesiastical  Status  of  Theological  Seminar- 
ies; The  Presbyterian  System;  and  Manual 
for  Ruling  Elders. 

Roberts,  William  Randall,  merchant,  dip- 
lomat, coMgressman.  was  born  Feb.  6,  1830, 
in  Ireland.  In  1871-75  he  was  a  representa- 
live  from  New  York  to  the  forty-second  and 
forty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat;  and 
in  1885  was  appointed  United  States  min- 
ister to  Chili. 

Robertson,  Alexander,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  1768  in  Scotland.  He  painted  land- 
scapes in  water-color,  and  like  his  brother, 
was  well  known  as  a  teacher.  He  died  Mav 
27,  1841,  in  New  York  City. 

Robertson,     Alexander    George     Morison, 

lawyer,  legislator,  statesman,  was  born  Sept. 
3,  1867,  in  Honolulu,  Hawaii.  He  received 
a  thorough  education  in  the  Hawaii  and 
California  public  schools;  and  in  1893  grad- 
uated from  the  law  school  of  Yale  univer- 
sity. In  1901-03  he  was  a  rei)rpsentative  in 
llie  first  territorial  Icgislatuie  of  Hawaii;  in 
]!)04-05  lie  was  ]>res-(h'nt  of  tlie  bar  associa- 
tio  1  of  Hawaii;  and  in  1904-07  was  chair- 
man   of    tlie    republican    territorial    central 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


31 


committee;  and  is  a  member  of  the  repub- 
lican national  committee  for  Hawaii  for 
tlie  t.Tiii  of  li)()4-08. 

Robertson,  Anthony  Lispenard,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  .lune  8,  1808.  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  assistant  vice-chancellor  in 
1846-48;  surrogate  of  New  York  City  in 
1848;  and  in  185!)  was  elected  a  judge  of 
the  superior  court.  In  18(54  he  was  elected 
for  a  second  term;  and  in  1806  was  chosen 
chief  justice  ity  his  associates.  He  died  Dec. 
18,  1868.  in  New  York  Cit^w 

Robertson,  Archibald,  jiainter,  artist,  was 
lioni  -May  S.  17ii'),  in  Scotland.  In  1702- 
1821  he  followed  his  profession  as  a  painter 
and  instructor  in  New  York,  working  most- 
ly in  water-colors  and  crayons.  In  1802  he 
a'^ssisted  in  the  i)roject  of  forming  an  art 
academy;  and  in  1816.  on  the  founding  of 
the  American  academy,  he  was  elected  a  di- 
rector. He  died  Dec.  6,  1835,  in  New  York 
City. 

Robertson,  Archibald  Thomas,  theologian, 
author,  was  I'orn  Nov.  (i,  ISO:},  near  Chat- 
liam,  Va.    In   1885  he  received  the  degree  of 

:M.A.  from  Wake  For- 
est college  of  North 
Carolina:  and  in  1888 
received  the  degree  of 
Th.M.  from  the  South- 
ern'i)aptist  theological 
seminarv  of  Louis- 
ville, Ky.  In  1888  ho 
iKcame  assistant  in- 
structor of  new  testa- 
ment interpretation  at 
the  Southern  baptisl 
til 'ological  seminary; 
in  IS!)2  became  pro- 
l)il>iical  introduction;  and  since 
been  professor  of  new  testanu-nt 
inli  rpretalion  in  that  in>.tilniion.  He  is  the 
author  of  Syllabus  for  New  Testament 
Study;  Ivfe  and  Letters  of  John  A.  Broad- 
ns;  Syllalms  for  New  Testament  Greek  Syn- 
tax; The  SlTidents"  Chronological  New  Tes- 
tament; Keywords  in  the  Ti'aehing  of  Jesus; 
Teaeliing  of  Jesus  Concerning  the  Father; 
I'^pochs  in  the  Ijfe  of  Christ;  A  Short  firam- 
mar    of    the    (Jreek    New    Testament;     and 

Kpcelis    ill    till'    l.iie    of    I'inil. 

Robertson,  Beverly  Holcombe,  soldier,  busi- 
)iess  man.  was  born  .Fnne  5.  1827,  in  Amelia 
county.  \'a.  In  184!)  he  graduated  from 
W Cst  I'oint  military  academy;  <ind  became 
lieutenant  and  captain  in  the  second  dra- 
<,'oons  of  the  Inited  States  army.  He  served 
Ihronghont  tlie  civil  war  in  the  confederate 
army;  and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general,  lie  is  a  sneeessfnl  business  man 
and   real   estate  dealer  of   Washington.    \)A'. 

Robertson,  Byron,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  lioi  n  in  Wisconsin.  Since  I8!tl  h.- 
has  practiced  in  Chicago  as  a  specialist  in 
gyneccdogy  and  aljdr>minal  surgery,  lie  is 
liie  author  of  Landmarks  of  ( Iviiecoloyv.  in 
two  volumes ;  Practical  Intestinal  Surgery. 
in    two    volumes;    and    other    medical    \wiik-<. 


fessor   ^)f 
18l»5    has 


Robertson,  Charles  Franklin,  clergyman, 
was  horn  Alarcli  2,  1835,  in  New  York.  Hi 
1868  he  became  second  bishop  of  Missouri, 
lie  was  the  author  of  valuable  papers  on 
Historical  Societies  in  Relation  to  Local 
Hi.itorical  Ellort.  He  died  May  1,  1886,  in 
St.  Louis.   Mo. 

Robertson,  Donald,  actor,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  12,  I860,  in  Scotland.  He  is  the 
star  ol  his  own  company,  The  Drama  Play- 
ers, an  organization  for  the  presentation  of 
masterpieces  of  dramatic  art  of  universal 
appeal. 

Robertson,  Edward  Peter,  clergyman,  col- 
leg,'  president,  was  born  Feb.  24,  18(i0,  in 
Kock  couiily.  Wis.  In  1885-88  he  was  pastor 
of  the  methodist  ejjiscopal  church  at  Morris. 
Minn.:  in  1888-!)!  was  pastor  in  Marshall 
Minn.,  ami  in  1891-93  was  pastor  in  Ro- 
chester, Minn.  In  1893-99  he  was  presiding 
filler.  Since  1899  he  has  been  president  of 
the  Red  River  valley  university  at  Grand 
Forks.  N.l). 

Robertson,  Edward  White,  soldier,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  June  13,  1823. 
near  Nashville,  Tenn.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  Louisiana  state  legislature  in 
1847-49  and  1853.  He  was  state  auditor  in 
1857-62.  He  entered  the  confederate  army 
in  1862  as  captain,  and  served  throughout 
the  civil  war.  In  1877-83  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Louisiana  to  the  forty-lifth, 
forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh  congresses.  He 
died    in   August.    1887,   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Robertson,  Felix,  physician,  banker,  was 
lioni  .Ian.  17,  1780,  in  Nashville,  Tenn.  He 
wa>  t'lorouglily  identified  with  the  city  of 
Nashville,  being  tlie  first  male  child  born  in 
the  city;  practiced  medicine  there  forty 
years;  was  twice  mayor;  also  long  a  presi- 
dent of  the  baidv  of  Tennessee;  and  a  pre- 
siding ofhcer  of  the  university  of  Nashville. 
He  died  Sept.  10,  1865,  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Robertson,  Felix  Huston,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  horn  .March  !).  18.3!).  in  Wiish- 
ingion,  Texas.  He  served  in  the  confederate 
army  during  the  civil  war;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general  of  cavalry.  Since 
187i>   he  has  practiced  !aw  in  Texas. 

Robertson,  George,  lawyer,  juri-st,  educa- 
tor, congressnnin.  was  born  Nov.  18,  17!»0. 
in  .Mercer  county.  Ky.  In  1817-21  he  was  a 
re|)resentative  to  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
(ongresses.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature; and  speaker  of  the  house  during 
four  sessions,  enuing  in  1827.  In  1828  he 
was  secretary  of  state;  and  the  same  year 
was  chosen  judge  of  (he  comt  of  appeals. 
In  182!)-33  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  su- 
jreme  court  of  Kentucky.  He  was  profes- 
sor i\{  law  in  Transylvania  university  for 
twenty-three  years.  lie  died  May  17.  1874, 
in    Lexington,   Mass. 

Robertson,  Harrison,  jcmrnalist.  author 
was  born  in  Murfreesboro.  Tenn.  He  is  an 
assf)cia(e  editor  of  the  Lonis\ille  Courier 
•  loiirnal  of  Kentucky.  He  is  the  author  of 
If    I    Wry,'    a    M.in;"  Stories;    „f    the    South; 


32 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Rod  Blood  and   Blue;   The  Opponents;   and 
Tlie   Pink   Typlioon.  ^ 

Robertson,  James,  colonial  governor.  In 
1780  he  was  colonial  governor  of  New  York. 

Robertson,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, autlior,  poet,  was  born  in  1787  near 
Petersburg,  Va.  He  was  a  judge  of  the 
circuit  court  for  many  years.  In  1833-39 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  twenty-third,  twenty-fourth  and  twen- 
ty-fifth congresses.  He  Avas  the  author  of 
Riego.  or  the  Spanish  Martyr,  a  tragedy; 
and  Opuscula,  a  book  of  verse.  He  died 
.luly  5.    1873,  in  Mount  Athos,  Va. 

Robertson,  Joseph  Andrew,  manufactur- 
er, lawyer,  capitalist,  was  born  Dec.  31, 
1849.  in"  Robertson  county,  Tenn.  In  1874- 
87  he  practiced  law  in  8t.  Louis,  Mo.  In 
1895  he  became  engaged  in  manufacturing 
in  Monterey,  Mex.;  and  was  president  of 
the  Monterey  wire  and  nail  company;  and 
president  of  the  Roller  process  flour  mill 
company.  He  established  the  La  P^ugenia 
orange  grove;  erected  the  largest  sugar  mill 
of  the  kind  in  Mexico;  established  the  larg- 
est brick  manufacturing  company  in  Mex- 
ico", founded  and  owns  the  Monterey  News; 
and  constructed  and  owned  the  Mineral 
lailway  and  terminal  company.  He  has 
built  a  railway  line  into  the  mineral  re- 
gions of  the  Sierre  Madre  mountains;  and 
is  active  in  religious,  charitable  and  educa- 
tional enterprises. 

Robertson,  Louis  Alexander,  business 
man,  author,  poet,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1856, 
in  Canada.  Until  1882  he  was  a  shipowner 
and  shipbroker  of  Liverpool  and  London; 
and  afterwards  in  San  Francisco  and  Port- 
land until  1887,  when  he  retired  from  ac- 
tive business.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Dead  Calypso  and  Other  Verses;  Beyond 
the  Requiems;  Cloistral  Strains;  Through 
Painted  Panes;  and  Montezuma,  a  Histor- 
ical Tragedy. 

Robertson,  Morgan,  business  man,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  30,  1861,  in  Oswego,  N.Y. 
In  1877-86  he  went  to  sea.  He  entered  the 
jewelry  business  in  1886;  and  since  1896 
has  been  a  writer  for  periodicals.  He  is  the 
author  of  Spun-Yarn;  Futility;  Shipmates; 
Where  Angels  Fear  to  Tread;  Down  to  the 


Sea;    and   Finnegan. 


Robertson,  Peter,  journalist,  critic,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  5,  1847,  in  Scotland. 
He  spent  three  years  in  England  and  sev- 
eral years  in  the  far  east.  He  finally  set- 
tled "in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  where  he  held 
mining  and  land  interests.  In  1875  he  be- 
came critic  of  the  Pacific  Life;  and  until 
1881  contributed  to  the  San  Francisco  jour- 
nals and  magazines.  In  1881  he  joined  the 
San  Francisco  Chronicle  as  musical  and 
dramatic  editor,  a  position  which  he  still 
holds.  He  is  the  author  of  Pyramus  and 
Thisbe,  which  was  produced  in  1879;  and 
His  Majesty  was  brought  out  in  1893.  He 
was  one  of"  the  early  members  of  the  Bo- 
hemian club;  and  in' 1889-90  was  president. 


He    is    the    author    of    Bunders;    and    The 
Seedy  Gentleman. 

Robertson,  Robert  Henderson,  litterateur, 
architect,  was  born  April  29,  1849,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  Among  many  buildings  of  his 
design  are  the  Madison  avenue  methodist 
church,  St.  James's  episcopal  church,  the 
Young  Woman's  christian  association  build- 
ing, the  Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  Phillips - 
presbyterian  church,  the  New  York  club 
building,  the  Railroad  men's  building,  St. 
Augustine  chape>.  Grace  chapel,  and  the 
Mott  Haven  railroad  station,  all  in  New 
York  City. 

Robertson,  Robert  Stoddart,  soldier,  law- 
yer, lieutenant-governor,  was  born  April 
"ie,  1839,  in  North  Argyle,  N.Y.  He  served 
as  a  soldier  during  the  civil  war;  and  was 
promoted  to  colonel  of  New  York  volun- 
ters.  In  1871-76  he  was  register  in  bank- 
luptcy;  in  1886-88  he  was  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  Indiana;  and  in  1881-94  was  a 
member  of  the  Utah  commission. 

Robertson,  Samuel  Matthews,  educator, 
lawyer,  state  legislator,  congressman,  w^as 
born  Jan.  1,  1852,  in  Plaquemine,  La.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Louisiana  state  leg- 
islature in  1879-83.  In  1880  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  faculty  of  the  Louisiana 
State  university  and  Agricultural  and  Me- 
clianical  college;  and  filled  the  chair  of 
natural  history  in  that  institution  and  the 
position  of  commandant  of  cadets  rmtil  he 
was  elected  to  the  fiftieth  congress  to  fill 
a  vacancy.  In  1887-1907  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Louisiana  to  the  fiftieth, 
fifty-first,  fifty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty- 
fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh, 
fifty-eighth  and  fifty-ninth  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Robertson,  Thomas  Austin,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  9, 
1848.  in  Hodgensville,  Ky.  He  was  twice 
elected  school  commissioner  of  La  Rue  coun- 
ty, Ky. ;  and  afterward  was  elected  county 
attorney.  In  1877  he  was  elected  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  state  legislature.  In  1883- 
87  he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  He  died  July  18, 
1802,   in    ElizabethtoAvn,   Ky. 

Robertson,  Thomas  Boiling,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  governor,  was  born  in 
1773  near  Petersburg,  Va.  In  1805  he 
moved  from  Virginia  to  the  territory  of 
New  Orleans ;  and  became  its  attorney  gen- 
cral.  In  1807  he  was  secretary  of  the  ter- 
ritory; and  for  a  time  acted  as  United 
States  district  attorney.  In  1812-18  lie  was 
a  reprsentative  from  Louisiana  to  the 
twelfth,  thirteenth,  fourteenth  and  fifteenth 
congresses.  He  was  the  third  governor  of 
Louisiana  in  1820-22;  and  resigned  to  ac- 
cejit  the  Ignited  States  judgeship.  He  died 
Oct.  5.  1828,  in  Wliite  Sulii'hur  Springs.  Va. 
Robertson,  Thomas  James,  planter,  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  3,  1823, 
in  Fairfield  county,  S.C.    In  1868-77  he  was 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


33 


United  States  senator  from  South  Carolina. 
He  died  Oct.  13,  181)7,  in  Columbia,  S.C. 

Robertson,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Oct. 
10,  1823,  in  Bedford,  N.Y.  In  1838-49  he 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state  as- 
sembly; and  in  1854  he  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate.  In  1856-67  he  was  judge  of 
Westchester  county.  In  1867-69  he  was  a 
lepresentative  from  New  York  to  the  for- 
tieth congress;  and  in  1875  was  elected  to 
the  state  senate.  He  died  Nov.  6,  1898,  in 
Katanah,  N.Y. 

Robertson,  Wyndham,  governor,  was  born 
Jan.  26,  1803,  in  Manchester,  Va.  He  was 
elected  lieutenant-governor  of  Virginia  in 
1834;  and  in  1836-37  was  acting  governor. 
He  died  Feb.  11,  1888,  in  Washington  coun- 
ty,  Va. 

Robeson,  Andrew,  lawyer,  juiist.  In  1693- 
1701  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania. 

Robeson,  George  Maxwell,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  colonial  officer,  was  born  in  1827, 
in  Warren  county,  N.J.  In  1859  he  was  ap- 
pointed prosecuting  attorney  for  Camden 
county.  On  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  he 
was  appointed  a  brigadier-general ;  and  took 
an  active  part  in  the  organization  of  troops. 
In  1867-69  he  was  attorney-general  of  New 
Jersey  ;  and  in  1869-77  he  was  secretary  of 
the  navy.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey  to  the  forty-sixth  and 
forty-seventli  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died  Sept.  27.  1897.  in  Trenton,  N.J. 

Robeson,  Henry  Bellows,  naval  officer, 
was  l)oni  Aug.  5.  1842.  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 
In  1863  he  conuuanded  a  landing  party  from 
the  New  Ironsides  in  assault  and  capture 
of  the  confederate  works  on  the  lower  part 
of  Morris  Island.  He  became  a  commodore 
in  1898 ;  and  was  retired  with  rank  of 
rear  admiral. 

Robeson,  William  P.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  Jersey.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant in  til!'  tiiird  regiment  New  Jersey 
infantry  ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  vohuiteers.  He  died  Sept. 
15.  1881. 

Robidoux,  Joseph,  pioneer,  Indian  trader, 
founder,  was  lK)rn  Aug.  10.  1783,  in  St.  Louis. 
Mo.  He  located  in  Chicago  as  an  Indian 
trader.  In  1809  he  settled  in  Council  Bluffs ; 
and  traded  with  tlie  Indians  there  for  thir- 
teen years.  In  1830  he  became  sole  propri- 
etor of  a  fur-trading  ])ost  at  St.  Jo.seph,  Mo. 
In  1843  he  founded  St.  Joseph,  Mo.  Ho  died 
May  27.  1868.  in   St.  Joseph,  Mo. 

Robie,  Edward  Dunham,  naval  ofTicor, 
was  horn  Scpi.  U,  1831.  in  P.urlington,  Vt. 
In  1852  he  was  aiipoinled  assistant  engi- 
neer in  the  TTnited  States  navy;  was  jiro- 
nioted  through  various  grades;  and  in  1906 
was  retired  with  the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 
He  erected  and  ojierate<l  the  first  line  of 
electric  telegraph  ever  seen  in  Japan.  He 
died  June  7.  1911.  in  Wrtsliington.  D.C. 

Robie,  Frederick,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
senator,    governor,    congressman,    was    horn 


Aug.  12,  1822,  in  Gorham,  Maine.  He  was 
a  representative  in  the  Maine  state  legis- 
lature for  seven  years,  serving  as  speaker 
for  two  sessions;  and  was  a  state  senator 
for  two  terms.  He  served  as  paymaster  in 
the  union  army  throughout  the  civil  war. 
He  was  a  member  of  tlie  executive  council 
of  the  governor  of  Maine  for  four  years ; 
and  was  made  master  of  the  Maine  state 
grange  of  patrons  of  husbandry  for  eight 
years.  In  1883-87  he  was  the  twenty-ninth 
governor  of  Maine.  In  1899  he  was  elected 
commander  of  the  department  of  Maine 
grand  army  of  the  republic.  He  is  now 
l)rcsident  of  the  fourth  national  bank  of 
I'orthnul,   Maine. 

Robie,  Reuben,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Vermont.  In  1851-53  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  thirty-second 
conuress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  Bath, 
N.Y. 

Robie,  Thomas,  librarian,  author,  was 
horn  March  20,  1689,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  lil)raiian  of  Harvard  college  in  1712- 
13 ;  and  in  1714-23  was  a  tutor.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Knowledge  of  Christ ;  and 
a  paper  on  Alkaline  Salts  ;  and  one  on  The 
Venom  of  the  Spider.  He  died  Aug.  28, 
1729,   in   Boston,   Mass. 

Robins,  Edward,  journalist,  author,  was 
horn  March  2,  1862,  in  France.  He  was 
educated  at  a  military  academy  in  Philadel- 
l)hia.  Pa. ;  and  has  attained  success  in  jour- 
nalism. He  is  the  author  of  Echoes  of  the 
I'layhouse ;  Twelve  Great  Actors ;  Twelve 
(rreat  Actresses;  Life  of  General  Sherman; 
and  several  juvenile  works. 

Robins,  Henry  Ephraim,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, college  president,  was  born  Sept.  30, 
1827,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In  1867-73  he  was 
pastor  of  the  First  Baptist  church  of  lio- 
chester,  N.Y. ;  and  in  1873-82  he  was  presi- 
dent of  Colby  university  of  Waterville, 
Maine.  In  1882-1904  he-  was  professor  of 
Christian  ethics  in  Itochester  theological 
seminary.  He  is  the  author  of  Harmony 
of  Ethics  with  Theology  ;  and  The  Christian 
Idea  of  Education  Distinguished  From  the 
Secular  Idea  of  Education. 

Robins,  Raymond,  educator,  clergyman, 
was  ixirn  Sept.  17.  1873.  in  Staten  Island, 
\.V.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  Ohio,  Kentucky  and  Florida ;  and  grad- 
uati'd  with  the  degree  of  LL.B.  from  the 
law  deitartnient  i>f  the  Columbian  university 
of  Washington.  D.C.  In  1896-97  he  practiced 
law  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.  ;  in  1898-99  was 
pastor  of  the  First  congregatioiml  church 
in  Nouie.  .Vlaska  ;  and  in  1902-05  was  super- 
intendent of  the  Chicago  municipal  lodging 
hou.se.  Since  1904  he  has  been  a  lecturer 
in  sociology  at  the  university  of  Chicago. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  board  of  education 
of   tlie   cily   of  Chicago. 

Robins,  Thomas,  banker,  a\ithor,  was 
horn  .Ian.  1.  1797.  in  Worcester  county.  Mil. 
In  1852-79  he  was  president  of  the  IMiiladel- 
l)hia  liaiik.  He  was  at  one  time  president 
of  the  conwnon  council  of  Philadelphia.     He 


34 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


was  the  author  of  Notes  of  Travel.     He  died 
April  13,  1882,  iu  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Robinson,  Albert  Alonzo,  civil  engineer, 
railroad  president,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1844, 
in  South  Reading,  Vt.  He  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  his  education  iu  the  public  schools 
of  Milton,  Wis. ;  and  in  1869  graduated  from 
the  university  of  jNIichigau,  from  which  insti- 
tution he  has  received  the  degrees  of  C.E.,  B. 
S.,  M.S.  and  LL.D.  In  1866-68  he  was  assis- 
tant on  the  United  States  lake  surveys.  In 
1869-73  he  was  in  the  service  of  the  St.  Jo- 
seph and  Denver  city  railroad,  of  which  he  be- 
came assistant  engineer.  In  1871  he  became 
assistant  engineer  of  the  Atchison,  Topeka 
and  Santa  Fe  railroad  ;  in  1873-90  was  its 
chief  engineer ;  in  1884-93  was  also  its  sec- 
ond vice-president  and  general  manager ;  and 
for  several  years  was  its  president.  He  was 
also  general  manager  of  the  Sonora  railway 
of  Mexico.  In  1893-1906  he  was  president 
of  the  Mexican  central  railway  company. 
During  his  engineering  experience  he  has  had 
direct  charge  of  the  construction  of  five 
thousand  miles  of  railroad.  As  president  of 
the  Mexican  central  railroad  he  was  in 
charge  of  the  general  business  and  affairs  of 
the  road  with  headquarters  in  New  York 
City. 

Robinson,  Albert  Gardner,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  21,  1855,  in  Winchester, 
Mass.  In  1871-98  he  was  in  commercial  life. 
During  the  Spanish-American  war  he  was 
correspondent  for  the  New  York  Evening 
Post  in  Porto'  Rico,  Cuba,  the  Philippines 
and  in  South  Africa.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Porto  Rico  of  To-Day;  The  Philippines; 
and  Historical  Review  of  the  Period  of  In- 
tervention. 

Robinson,  Alexander  Kelley,  lawyer,  was 
born  July  2(i.  1850,  in  Ciallatin  county.  111. 
He  comes  of  Virginia  stock,  and  a  descend- 
ant of  Speaker  Robin- 
son of  Virginia.  He 
received  a  thorough  ed- 
ucation in  the  schools 
of  Shawneetown  and 
Lee  county,  111.  He 
then  studied  law;  and 
has  since  attained 
success  in  that  pro- 
fession in  California. 
In  1890-92  he  was  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Pla- 
cer county,  Cal;  and 
filled  that  office  with 
distinction.  He  has  a  lucrative  practice  in 
Auburn.  Cal.;  and' takes  an  active  part  in 
the  jniblic  affairs  of  his  city,  county  and 
state.  He  is  a  member  of  various  fraternal 
orders;  and  has  held  numerous  public  posi- 
tions of  trust. 

Robinson,  Andrew  Rose,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1845  in  Canada.  He  is 
professor  of  dermatology  at  the  New  Y'ork 
polyclinic  institute.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Manual  of  Dcrnuitology;  and  Cancer  of  the 
Skin. 


Robinson,    Mrs.    Annie    Douglas,    author, 

poft.  vvas  born  Jan.  12,  1842,  in  Plymouth, 
N.ll.  She  is  a  writer  of  Bristol!^  N.H.; 
known  under  the  nom  de  plume  of  Marian 
Douglas.  She  is  the  author  of  Picture  Po- 
ems for  Y^oung  Folks;  Peter  and  Polly,  or 
Home  Life  in  New  England  One  Hundred 
Years  Ago;  and  Days  We  Remember. 

Robinson,  Aubrey,  lawyer,  planter,  was 
born  in  1853  in  New  Zealand.  He  prac- 
ticed law  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  established 
tile  Hawaiian  sugar  plantation  of  six  thou- 
sand acres  of  land ;  and  he  also  had  a  plan- 
tation at  Kauai  with  more  than  one  thou- 
sand acres  of  land. 

Robinson,  Beverley,  physician,  author, 
was  born  ^larch  22,  1844,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  Since  1873  he  has  practiced  medicine  in 
New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  Inhal- 
ers and  Inhalants;  and  Essays  on  Clinical 
Medicine. 

Robinson,  Byron,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
tlnr,  was^-  born  in  ^Mineral  Point,  Wis.  Since 
1807  he  has  been  professor  of  gynecologj-  and 
abdominal  surgery  in  the  Illinois  medical 
college;  and  is  attending  surgeon  to  the 
Francis  Willard  hospital  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  the  author  of  Practical  Intestinal  Sur- 
gery: Abdominal  and  Pelvic  Brain;  and 
other   medical   works. 

Robinson,      Charles,     physician,     lawyer, 
govcnioi,   autiior,    was    born   July   21,    1818, 
in  llardwick,  Mass.    His  father  was  a  farm- 
er, a  strong  abolition- 
ist,  and   a   descendant 
of  the  John  Robinson 
of     Plymouth     colony 
fame.    He  received  his 
education  at  the  Ilad- 
ley  and  Amherst  acad- 
emies,    Amherst     col- 
lege  and    the    medical 
schools     of     Pittslield, 
Mass.,  and  ^^'oodstock, 
\'t.     For    many   j^ears 
he    practiced   his   pro- 
fession     at      Belcher- 
and     at     Springfield 
1849  he  went  to  Cali- 


town     and     Pittstield, 
ojiened  a  hospital.    In 


fornia,  suffered  shipwreck  on  his  return  on 
the  coast  of  Mexico;  and  while  in  Califor- 
nia served  in  the  legislature.  After  his  re- 
turn to  Massachusetts  he  was  editor  of  the 
Fitchburg  News  for  two  years;  and  in  1854 
became  identified  with  the  free  state  move- 
ment in  Kansas.  Doubtless  his  influence  in 
laying  the  foundation  of  that  state  was 
greater  than  any  other  single  individual. 
He  was  elected  governor  of  the  territory, 
and  in  1801  was  the  first  governor  of  the 
state  under  the  recognized  constitution;  and 
he  became  popularly  known  as  the  war  gov- 
ernor of  Kansas.  He  was  instrumental  in 
the  establishment  of  the  first  school  in 
Lawrence;  was  identified  with  the  founding 
of  the  state  university,  of  which  he  was 
regent  for  many  years,  and  at  his  death  be- 
(lui-atiied  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
dollars  to  that  institution.    For  forty  years 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


35 


lie  was  identified  with  the  best  interests  of 
tile  jxditieal  and  soeiai  alVairs  of  tlie  state; 
anil  tile  people  of  Kansas  duly  acknowledged 
liis  great  and  lasting  service.  lie  was  the 
autlior  of  The  Kansas  Conflict.  lie  died 
Ati'jf.  17.  1S!)J,  at  liis  iionie  near  Lawrence, 
Ivans. 

Robinson,  Charles  Alexander,  educator, 
author,  was  boin  I'^ei).  22,  1871,  in  West 
Hebron,  X.Y.  In  18!)7-10()3  lie  was  professoj- 
of  latin  language  and  literature  at  I'rince- 
toii  university.  Since  1908  he  1ms  been  prin- 
cipal of  IVekskill  military  academy  of  Xew 
York.  lie  is  the  autlior  of  Outlines  of  Latin 
I'ldse  Syntax;   and  otiier  works. 

Robinson,  Charles  Mulford,  autlior,  was 
born  April  30.  ISO!),  in  Ramapol,  N.Y.  In 
1S!!1-1;)02  he  was  an  editor  of  the  Rochester 

Pcst-Express.     In    re- 
'  "■     cent  years  he  lias  de- 

^^^^•^  \()ted    himself    to    the 

^^^^^^  writing    of    magazine 

itf  articles     and     to     the 

^^     ■**  (f  making   of   expert   re- 

— ^  ports"  for  towns  and 
cities  on  what  can 
be  done  to  improve 
and  beautify  them. 
Denver,  Detroit,  Colo- 
rado Springs,  Hono- 
lulu, l.o*  Angeles, 
O  a  k  1  a  n  d,  Dubuque, 
Ce  Ur  Rapids,  San  Jose.  Santa  Barbara  and 
other  places  are  among  the  cities  that  have 
issued  such  reports  from  him.  lie  is  the 
author  of  The  Improveiiieiit  of  Towns  and 
Cities;  Modern  Civic  Art;  The  Call  of  the 
City:   and  other  works. 

Robinson,  Charles  Seymour,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  .March  31,  182!),  in  Ben- 
niiigton,  Vt.  He  was  a  presbjterian  clergy- 
man of  prominence  in  Xew  York  City;  and 
well  known  as  an  hymnologist.  Besides 
Laudes  Domini,  and  other  hymnals,  he  was 
the  author  of  Church  Work,  a  volume  of 
sermons;  Studies  on  the  Xew  Testament; 
Studies  of  Neglected  Texts;  The  Pharaohs 
of  the  Bondage  and  the  Exodus;  Simon 
Peter,  his  Life  and  Work;  Studies  in  Mark's 
(Jospel;  Simon  Peter's  Later  Life  and  La- 
bors; Sermons  in  Songs;  and  Sabbath  Even- 
ing Sermons.  He  died  Feb.  1,  ]899,  in  Xew 
^ork  City. 

Robinson,  Christopher,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Kliofle  Island.  Ik- 
was  attorney  general  of  Rhode  Island;  and 
in  I85II-0I  he  was  a  representative  from 
l.'hode  Island  to  the  thirty-sixth  congress. 
In  1S(J1  he  was  appointed  minister  to  Peru. 
Ill    died   in   Mhode  Island. 

Robinson,  Conway,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  b(,rn  Sept.  1.1.  18(».-,.  in  Rieliniond,  \a. 
In  18(1(1  he  took  U|)  his  residence  at  The 
\ineyard  near  Washington,  D.C.,  and  jirac- 
ticed  in  the  supreme  court.  He  devoted  him- 
self for  manv  years  to  a  revision  of  the 
civil  and  criminal  code  of  \'irginia;  and  he 
was  the  author  of  a  number  of  valuabli-  law 


works.    He  died  -Ian.  30,   1884,  in  Philadel- 
phia,  Pa. 

Robinson,  David,  soldier,  was  born  Nov. 
4,  1754,  in  llardwick,  Mass.  He  served 
through  the  war  of  1812,  attaining  for 
meritorious  service  the  rank  of  major-gen- 
eral. He  was  sherilf  of  the  county  for  twen- 
ty-two years;  after  which  He  was  Unitetl 
States  marshal  for  Vermont  for  eight  years. 
He  did  Dec.   11.  1843,  in  Vermont. 

Robinson,  Doane,  lawyer,  journalist,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Oct.  19,  1856,  in  Sparta, 
Wis.  In  1898  he  established  the  .Monthly 
South  Dakotan,  devoted  to  state  history  and 
literature.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
South  Dakota  From  the  Earliest  Times; 
Coteaus  of  Dakota  in  verse ;  and  Brief  His- 
tory of  South  Dakota. 

Robinson,  Edith,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1858,  in  iNIassachusetts.  She  is  the 
author  of  A  Forced  Acquaintance  ;  Penhallow 
Tales ;  A  Loyal  Little  Maid  ;  A  Little  Puri- 
tan Rebel ;  A  Little  Daughter  of  Liberty ; 
A  Popular  Boy  and  His  Sisters ;  and  a 
Little   Puritan   Cavalier. 

Robinson,  Edward,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  April  10,  1794,  in  Southing- 
ton,  Conn.  He  was  a  distinguished  congre- 
gational clergyman ;  a  professor  in  Union 
seminary  in  1837-63  ;  and  the  founder  of  the 
Bibliotheca  Sacra.  He  was  the  author  of 
Harmony  of  the  Four  Gospels,  in  Greek; 
Harmony  of  the  Four  Gospels,  in  English; 
Biblical  Researches  in  Palestine ;  Physical 
Geography  of  the  Holy  Laud  ;  and  A  Greek 
and  English  Lexicon  of  the  Xew  Testament. 
He  died  .Tan.  27.  1863,  in  Xew  York  City. 

Robinson,  Edward,  merchant,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  in  1796,  in  Con- 
necticut. He  served  two  years  in  the  Maine 
state  senate.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Maine  to  the  twenty-fifth  cou- 
gre.ss  ;  and  in  1840  was  a  presidential  elector. 
He  died  Feb.  20,  1857,  in  Thomaston,  Maine. 

Robinson,  Edwin  Arlington,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Dec.  22,  1869.  in  Head  Tide,  Maine. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Torrent  and  the 
Xight  Before:  The  Children  of  the  Xight ; 
and  .Captain   Craig,   poems. 

Robinson,  Ezekiel  Oilman,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  March  23. 
1815,  in  Attleborough,  Mass.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Brown  university  in  1872-89. 
He  was  the  author  of  Yale  Lectures  on 
Preaching;  Princijiles  and  Practice  of  Mor- 
ality; and  Christian  Evidences.  He  died 
June  13.  1894.  in  Boston.  Mass. 

Robinson,  Fannie  Ruth,  educator,  college 
jiresideni,  was  born  in  Carbondale.  l*a.  For 
seven  years  she  was  dean  and  president  of 
Oxford  (oilege  of  Ohio;  and  is  now  head 
of   Mi><s   Robinson's  school   of   Boston,    ^lass. 

Robinson,  Fayette,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  \'iij:iiiia.  llo  was  the  author 
of  Mexico  and  Her  .Military  Chieftains:  Ac- 
count of  the  Organization  of  the  United 
States  .Vrmy  ;  California  and  the  (Jold  Re- 
gions;   Spanish    Grammar;    Wizard    of    the 


HERRINGSHAWS   I.IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Regiment    of 
soldier,     "was 


Wave,   a  romance  ;  ^nd  a  number  of  trans- 
lations from  the  French.    He  died  in  1859. 

Robinson,  Frank  Torrey,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1845,  in  Massachusetts. 
He  is  a  journalist  and  art  critic  of  Boston  ; 
and  more  recently  one  of  the  curators  of  the 
Metropolitan  museum  of  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Quaint  New  England; 
Living  New  England  Artists;  and  History 
of  the  Fifth  Massachusetts 
Volunteer  Militia. 

Robinson,  Frank  Upham, 
born  Oct.  7,  1841,  in  Geneseo,  N.Y.  In  1864 
he  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant ;  and 
in  1865  was  honorably  mustered  out.  In 
1888  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in 
the  nineteenth  United  States  infantry ;  in 
1901  he  was  promoted  major;  and  in  1905 
was  retired  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral. 

Robinson,  Franklin  Clement,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  24,  1852,  in  East  Or- 
rington,  Maine.  Since  1874  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  chemistry  in  Bowdoin  college  of 
Brunswick,  Maine.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Metals  ;  and  Qualitative  Analysis. 

Robinson,  George  Dexter,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  governor,  was  born 
Jan.  20,  1834.  in  Lexington,  Mass.  He  was 
a  representative  in  the  Massachusetts  state 
legislature  in  1874,  and  a  state  senator  in 
1876.  In  1877-85  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  forty-fifth,  forty- 
sixth,  forty-seventh  and  forty-eighth  con- 
sresses  as  a  republican.  In  1886-87  he  was 
the  thirty-third  governor  of  Massachusetts. 
He  died  Feb.  22,  1896,  in  Chicopce,  Mass. 

Robinson,  George  Dorgue,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  second 
lieutenant  in  the  seventy-fifth  regiment  New 
York  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general     of     volunteers.       He     died 

April   13,  1873.  ^^       xx   •      t 

Robinson,  George  H.,  soldier.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  general.  He  has  been  prominent 
in  the  business  and  public  affairs  of  Birming- 
ham, N.Y. 

Robinson,  Gifford  Simeon,  soldier,  educa- 
tor, lawver,  jurist,  was  born  May  28,  1843, 
in  Tremont,  111.  He  received  his  early  edu- 
cation in  the  district 
schools  and  at  an 
academy.  He  attend- 
ed the  Illinois  state 
normal  school;  and  in 
1869  graduated  from 
the  St.  Louis  law 
school.  In  1895  he 
received  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  from  the  state 
university  of  Iowa. 
For  one  year  he 
taught  in  a  district 
school ;  and  for  two 
years  taHghl  in  the  Washington  university 
at  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1870-88  he  practiced 
law  in  Storm  Lake,  Iowa.  In  1876-78  and 
1882-80  he  served  in  both  houses  of  the  Iowa 


state  legislature.  In  1888-90  he  was  judge 
of  tlie  supreme  court  of  Iowa.  In  1890- 
1900  he  lectured  in  the  law  department  of 
the  state  university  of  Iowa;  and  since  1900 
has  been  a  member  of  the  board  of  control 
of  the  state  institutions  of  Iowa. 

Robinson,  George  Livingstone,  theologian, 
archfeologist,  author,  was  born  Aug.  19, 
1864,  in  West  Hebron,  N.Y.  Since  1896  he 
has  been  professor  of  old  testament  litera- 
ture and  exegesis  at  Knox  college  of  Toron- 
to ;  and  holds  the  same  chair  at  the  McCor- 
mick  theological  seminary  of  Chicago,  111. 
He  discovered  the  sixth  and  seventh  wells 
of  Beersheba ;  and  discovered  the  original 
High  Place  at  Petra,  the  capital  of  Edom. 
He  is  the  author  of  Leaders  of  Israel. 

Robinson,  Mrs.  Harriet  Hanson,  suffra- 
gist, author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1825,  in 
Boston,  ]\Iass.  She  was  educated  in  the  Bos- 
ton primary  and  Low- 
ell public  schools.  Shi 
is  a  prominent  woir 
an  suffragist  of  Ma* 
den,  Mass.  In  her 
early  life  she  was  one 
of  the  contributors  to 
the  noted  Lowell  Of- 
fering. She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Massachusetts 
in  the  Woman  Suff- 
rage Movement;  Cap- 
tain Mary  Miller,  a 
drama;  Early  Factory 
Labor  in  New  England;  and  The  New  Pan- 
dora, a  drama  in  blank  verse;  Loom  and 
Spindle;    and   Warrington   Pen   Portraits. 

Robinson,  Harry  Perry,  author,  Avas  born 
in  1800  in  the  East  Indies.  He  is  a  brother 
of  Phillip  Robinson,  the  English  writer.  He 
is  now  president  Railway  Age  and  North- 
wester Railroader  of  Chicago,  111.  He  is 
the  author  of  iMen  Born  Equal,  a  novel; 
and  monographs  on  railway  topics. 

Robinson,  Henry  Douglas,  educator,  cler 
gyman,  bishop,  was  born  i\larch  15,  1860, 
in  Lowell,  ilass.  In  1884  he  graduated  from 
Racine  college  where  he  received  the  de- 
grees of  B.A.,  M.A.  and  D.D. ;  and  did  post- 
graduate work  in  the  university  of  Chicago. 
In  1889-1900  he  was  head  master;  and  since 
1900  has  been  warden  of  Racine  college. 
In  1888  he  was  ordained  to  the  priesthood 
of  the  protestant  e])iscopal  church;  and  in 
1907  was  elected  missionary  bishop  of  Ne- 
vada. He  is  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin 
academy  of  sciences,  arts  and  letters;  and 
is  president  of  the  standing  committee  of 
the  diocese  of  ^Milwaukee. 

Robinson,  Henry  Lee,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1862-65  he  served  in  the 
civil  war;  and  in  1865  'le  was  brevetted  col- 
onel and^  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
died  Nov.  20,  1901. 

Robinson,  Horatio  Nelson,  educator, 
mathematician,  author,  was  born  Jan.  1, 
1806,  in  Hartwick,  N.Y.  He  was  a  mathe- 
matician and  educator  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


37 


and 

1807,   in 


after  1854  a  resident  of  Eldridge,  N.Y.  He 
was  the  author  of  University  Algebra; 
Mathematical  Recreations;  Treatise  on  Sur- 
veying and  Navigation;  Treatise  on  As- 
tronomy; and  Analytical  Geometry 
Conic  Sections.  He  died  Jan.  19, 
Kldridge.  N.Y. 

Robinson,  Ira  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  states- 
man, was  born  in  1870  in  Taylor  county,  W. 
\  a.  He  was  educated  at  the  West  Virginia 
state  normal  school.  He  has  been  prosecut- 
ing attorney  of  Taylor  county,  \V.\'a.;  and 
served  as  a  member  of  the  West  Virginia 
state  senate.  Since  1907  he  has  been  judge 
of  the  sui)reme  court  of  appeals  of  West 
Virginia  for  term  of   1907-1(5. 

Robinson,  J.  F.,  governor.  He  was  the 
twenty- lirst  governor  of  Kentucky  in  1861- 
t):i.    lie  died  in  Kentucky. 

Robinson,  J.  F.,  soldier,  business  man, 
jinist,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1837,  in  Sabine 
county,  Texas.  He  was  educated  in  private 
schools  of  Lvalde  county,  Texas;  and  is  a 
carpenter  by  profession.  He  has  been  coun- 
ty clerk  of  I'valde  county;  chief  justice  of 
the  police  court  of  Uvalde  county;  and  in 
l,S7(i-88  was  county  judge  of  Kinney  coun- 
ty, Texas.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  cap- 
tain of  company  B,  thirty-third  Texas  cav- 
alry: and  is  now  commander  of  the  John 
U.  Baylor  camp  of  North  Carolina  voljin- 
teers.  He  is  now  judge  of  the  county  court 
of  Uvalde  county.  Texas. 

Robinson,  James  C,  soldier,  la^wyer,  con- 
gjessman.  wus  born  in  1822  in  Edgar  coun- 
ty, 111.  In  1859-05  and  1871-75  he  was  a 
representative  from  Illinois  to  the  thirty- 
sixth,  thirty-seventh,  th.irty-eighth,  forty- 
second  and  forty-tjiird  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  Nov  3,  1880,  in  Springfield, 
III. 

Robinson,  James  Harvey,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  29.  1803,  in  Blooming- 
ton,  III.  Snce  1895  he  has  been  professor 
of  history  in  Columbia  university  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  Petrarch; 
ihe  First  Modern  Scholar  and  Man  of  Let- 
ters; Ivcadings  in  I'-uropcan  History;  and 
rill-   1) 'vclopnicnt  of   Modern   Kiuoi)e. 

Robinson,  James  M.  .machinist,  lawyer, 
eoiigressnian,  was  born  in  1801  in  Allen 
At  the  age  of  fifteen  he  took 
eni|)lnyment  in  a  shop 
at  Fort  Wayne  as  a 
machine  hand,  and 
from  that  time  till 
tlie  present  has  sup- 
p<>rt<Ml  and  kept  house 
with  his  mother;  and 
while  working  at  hia 
trade  lie  studied  law. 
In  I  SSI  he  entered  the 
oilie:'  of  Judge  Wal- 
pole  (;.  Colerick,  who 
was  (hen  in  congress; 
and  in  1SS2  was  ad- 
mitted ti>  practice  in  the  state  and  United 
States  courts.    In   lSS0-9()  he  was  proseeut- 


•onnt  V 


ing  attorney.  In  1897-1905  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Indiana  to  the  fifty-fifth, 
lifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh  and  fifty-eighth 
congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Robinson,  James  Sidney,  soldier,  journal- 
ist, state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Oct.  14,  1827,  near  Mansfield,  Ohio.  In 
1850  he  was  elected  chief  clerk  of  the  Ohio 
house  of  representatives,  and  served  two 
terms.  He  enlisted  in  the  union  army  in 
1801 ;  and  served  throughout  the  civil  war, 
rising  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  and 
brevet  major-general.  In  1881-85  he  was  a 
representative  from  Ohio  to  the  forty-sev- 
enth and  forty-eighth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He  died  Jan.  14,  1892,  in  Toledo, 
Ohio. 

Robinson,  James  W.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  28,  1820, 
in  Union  county,  Ohio.  He  was  elected  to 
the  Ohio  legislature  in  1858,  1800,  and  1864; 
and  in  1873-75  he  was  a  representative  to 
tiie   forty-third   congress.    He  died  in  Ohio. 

Robinson,  Jane  Bancroft,  founder,  author, 
was  born  aljout  1852.  in  1888  she  took 
charge  of  the  deaconesses  work  of  the  home 
missionary  society;  and  was  instrumental  in 
establisiiing  the  Lucy  Webb  Hayes  natural 
training  school  and  the  Sibley  hospital.  In 
1900  a  training  school  at  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  She  is  the  author  of  Deaconesses  in 
Europe  and  Their  Lessons  for  America. 

Robinson,  Joe  T.,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  26,  1872,  in  Lo- 
noke. Ark.  He  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  and  at  the  university  of  Arkansas. 
In  1895  he  was  a  member  of  the  Arkansas 
state  legislature.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1900.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer 
of  Lonoke.  Ark.  In  1903-11  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Arkansas  to  the  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and  sixty-first  congresses 
as  a  democrat. 

Robinson,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  8,  1768,  in  Cabarrus  county,  N.C. 
In  1801-05  he  preached  in  Poplar  Tent.  N.C. ; 
and  then  in  Fayetteville  in  1805-18,  when  he 
K-turned  to  Poplar  Tent.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Eulogy  on  Washington.  He  died 
Dec.  14.  1843.  in  Poplar  Tent,  N.C. 

Robinson,  John,  botanist,  author,  was 
born  July  13.  1846.  in  Salem,  Mass.  For 
several  years  he  was  botanist  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts horticultural  society.  Since  1875 
he  has  been  trustee  of  the  Peabody  academy 
of  science  of  Salem.  Mass.  He  is  the  author 
of  Ferns  and  Their  Homes  and  Ours;  Flora 
of  E.ssex  county.  Ma.'ss ;  and  Trees  of  Salem 
and    Vicinity. 

Robinson,  John  Buchanan,  naval  ofTicer, 
journalist,  congressniaii,  was  born  May  23. 
1846,  in  .\lleglieny  City.  He  is  at  present 
proprietor  of  the  Media  l..edger.  He  was  a 
nu'mber  of  the  state  legislature  in  1884-88; 
and  was  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1889. 
In  1891-97  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-second,  fifty-third 
and   fifty-fourth   congresses   as   a    rei)ublican. 


SH 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


lu  1900  he  was  appointed  United  States  mar- 
shal for  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsylvania. 
~  Robinson,  John  Bunyan,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, author,  poet,  was  born  April  11,  1834, 
in  Warren  county,  Ohio.  In  1860  he  grad- 
uated from  Ohio  Wesleyau  university ;  and 
has  been  successively  president  of  Mount 
Washington  seminary,  Willoughby  college, 
Fort  Wayne  college.  New  Hampshire  semi- 
nary and  female  college.  Grand  Prairie  semi- 
nar^y,  and  Jennings  seminary.  He  has  lec- 
tured extensively  in  New  England  lecture 
bureau.  He  is  the  author  of  Infidelity  An- 
swered; Vines  of  Eschol;  Serpent  of  Sugar 
Creek;  Commencements;  Epworth  League; 
Trend  of  the  Republic;  Preachers'  Pilgrim- 
iige;  and  other  prose  works;  and  two  vol- 
umes of  poetical  works  entitled  Emeline, 
iuid    New    Woman. 

Robinson,  John  Cleveland,  soldier,  lieu- 
tenant-sovcrnor,  was  born  April  10,  1817, 
in  Binghamton,  N.Y.  He  was  brevetted  a 
major-general  of  the  United  States  army. 
He  participated  in  the  Mexican  war,  Sem- 
inole war,  Indian  troubles  in  Texas,  Mormon 
troubles  in  Utah,  and  served  through  the  civil 
war;  and  about  1886  retired  from  active 
service.  In  1872  he  was  chosen  lieutenant- 
governor  of  his  state ;  and  in  1877-79  was 
commander-in-chief  of  the  (Jrand  army  of 
the  re])ublic.  He  died  Feb.  18,  1897,  in 
Binghamton,    N.Y. 

Robinson,  John  Edward,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, author,  was  liorn  Feb.  12,  1849,  in  Ire- 
land. In  1874-1904  he  was  a  methodist 
episcopal  missionary  in  India  and  Burmah  ; 
and  since  1904  has  been  missionary  bishop 
for  Southern  Asia.  He  is  the  author  of 
Rise  and  Progress  of  Methodism  ;  and  Apos- 
tolic   Succession. 

Robinson,  John  Hovey,  physician,  author, 
was  born  in  1825,  in  Maine.  He  was  the 
author  of  White  Rover ;  Nightshade ;  and 
Silver-Knife.     He  died  about  1890. 

Robinson,  John  Kelly,  manufacturer, 
(inancier,  was  born  :May  26,  1842,  in  Summit 
county.  Ohio.  In  1863  he  established  a 
match  manufacturing  company.  He  obtained 
a  patent  for  the  manufacturing  of  diamond 
shape  matches,  and  became  one  of  the  larg- 
est match  manufacturers  in  the  United 
States.  He  is  vice-president  of  the  Ster- 
ling boiler  company ;  vice-president  of  the 
Diamond  rubber  company;  and  vice-president 
of  the  Carrara  paint  company  of  Washing- 
Ion,    I».C. 

Robinson,  John  L.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1847-53  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Indiana  to  tlie  thirtieth,  tliirty- 
lirsl  and  tliirty-second  congresses.  In  1853 
he  was  appointed  United  States  marshal  for 
the  southern  district  of  Indiana.  He  died 
iNfarch  21,  1860.  in  Rnshville,  Ind. 

Robinson,  John  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  in  1793,  in  Ken- 
lucky.  He  was  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
Illinois:  and  one  of  the  judges  of  the  su- 
preme   court    of    Ihat    slate.      In    1829-41    he 


was  a  United  States  senator.  He  died  April 
27,   1843,   in   Ottawa,  111. 

Robinson,  John  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  May  4,  1856,  in  Wlieel- 
ing,  W.  Va.  In  1886-93  he  was  county  at- 
torney of  Madison  county.  Neb.;  in  1893  he 
was  elected  judge  of  the  ninth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Nebraska,  and  re-elected  in  1895. 
In  1899-1903  he  was  a  representative  from 
Nebraska  to  the  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh 
congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Robinson,  John  Staniford,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  governor,  was  born  Nov.  10,  1804, 
in  Bennington,  Vt.  He  was  for  many  years 
in  the  state  legislature ;  and  was  the  nine- 
teenth governor  of  Vermont  in  1853-54.  He 
dieil  April  24.  1860.  in  Charleston,  S.C. 

Robinson,  Jonathan,  lawyer,  legislator, 
jurist.  United  States  senator,  was  born  Aug. 
24,  1756,  in  Ilardwick,  Mass.  He  was  ap- 
pointed chief  justice  of  Vermont  in  1801 ; 
and  in  1807-15  he  was  United  States  senator. 
In  1815  he  became  judge  of  probate  and  held 
the  oifice  for  four  years ;  and  in  1818  again 
represented    Bennington    in    the    legislature. 


He  died  N 


(IV.    6. 


1819.  in  Bennington,  Vt. 


Robinson,  Joseph  Taylor,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1872.  For  eight 
years  he  was  a  member  of  congress.  He  is 
now  a  member  of  the  United  States  senate 
for  the  term  of  1916-19. 

Robinson,  Mrs.  Leora  Bettison,  educator, 
author,  was  born  June  8,  1840,  in  Little 
Rock.  Ark.  Together  with  her  husband  she 
establishefi  the  Holyoke  academy  of  Louis- 
ville, Ky.  She  is  the  author  of  House  with 
Spectacles  ;   Than  ;   Patsy  ;   and  other  workS. 

Robinson,  Lewis  Wood,  naval  officer, 
civil  engineer,  was  born  March  7,  1840,  near 
Haddonfield.  N.J.  In  1861  he  entered  the 
United  States  navy  as  third  assistant  engi- 
neer ;  in  1864-65  was  chief  engineer  of  the 
Kennebec  ;  and  in  1886  became  first  assistant 
engineer  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant.  At 
the  LTnited  States  centennial  exposition  in 
1876  he  was  general  superintendent  of  the 
bureau  of  machinery ;  and  in  1891  became 
chief  of  the  department  of  machinery  in  the 
World's  Columbian  exposition  of  Chicago, 
111.  In  1895  he  became  commander ;  was 
made  captain  in  1898  ;  and  in  1901  was  re- 
tired as  rear-admiral  after  forty  years  of 
active  service  in  the  navy.  He  died  Feb.  16, 
1903.  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Robinson,  Lucius,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, governor,  was  born  Nov.  4,  1810,  in 
Windham.  N.Y.  In  1837-40  he  was  district 
attorney  of  Greene  county,  N.Y.  In  1840 
he  moved  to  New  York  City;  and  in  1843 
was  ap])ointed  commissioner  in  chancery.  In 
1859-01  he  was  a  representative  in  the  New 
York  legislature.  In  1861-6.5  he  was  comp- 
troller of  the  slate.  In  1871  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constilrtional  connnission. 
In  1877-79  he  was  the  twenty-sixth  govern- 
or of  New  York.  He  died  March  21,  1891,  in 
Elmira,  N.Y. 

Robinson,  Mrs.  Martha  Harrison,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  liorn  in  Virginia.    She  is  a 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


39 


writer  vi  riiiliulelphia  Pa.;  and  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  miiuber  of  transhitions  from  the 
French,  and  Helen  Erskine,  an  original 
novel. 

Robinson,  Martin  L.,  educator,  lawyer, 
was  lH)rn  Oet.  IS,  1800,  in  raintsville,  Ky. 
For  fifteen  years  he  was  engaged  in  educa- 
tional work;  and  is  now  a  successful  law- 
yer of  P>oons  Canip,  Ky..  where  he  is  prom- 
inent  in  public  aflairs. 

Robinson,  Mrs.  Mary  Dummett,  littera- 
teur, aiillio'-.  was  liorn  in  lloulton.  Maine, 
yhe  is  a  novelist  of  Lancaster,  Pa.  She  is 
the  author  of  Twisted  Threads;  Sidney  El- 
liot; The  Enchanted  Princess;  Clyde  Ward- 
leigh's  Promise;  Eva's  Adventures  in  Sha- 
dowland  ;  and  Colonel  Robinson's  Boys. 

Robinson,  Mary  Yandes,  educator,  artist, 
autiior.  was  boin  April  22,  1804,  in  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.  For  nine  years  she  was  a 
teacher  of  art  in  the  girls'  classical  school 
of  Indianapolis,  hid.;  and  is  now  an  art 
teacher  of  private  classes.  She  is  the  author 
of  Son."!-;  of  the  Trees. 

Robinson,  Merritt  M.,  law^yer,  author, 
was  born  about  1810  in  Louisiana.  He  was 
the  reporter  of  the  supreme  court  of  Louis- 
iana in  1841-47.  He  was  the  author  of  Di- 
gest of  the  Penal  Laws  of  Louisiana,  An- 
alytically Arranged.  His  Reports,  compris- 
ing sixteen  volumes,  including  four  that  he 
edited,  were  enriched  with  valuable  mar- 
ginal notes.  He  died  June  5,  1850,  in  Louis- 
iana. 

Robinson,  Milton  Stapp,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
April  20,  1832,  in  Versailles.  Ind.  He  en- 
tered the  army  as  lieutenant-colonel ;  and 
rose  to  the  rank  of  brevet  brigadier-general. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
18G7-7(t;  and  in  1875-79  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Indiana  to  the  forty-fourth  and 
forty-lifth  congresses  as  a  republican.  In 
LSni  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  appellate 
e.mrt  of  Indiana.  He  died  July  28,  1892,  in 
.\nderson,  Ind. 

Robinson,  Orrin  W.,  lumber  merchant, 
slati'  senator.  liciitcMaiit  governor,  was  born 
Aug.  12.  18.'3t,  in  Clarenujnt,  N.II.  He  was 
•-'•hicated  in  the  pub- 
n-  schools  and  acad- 
.  lilies  of  New  Eng- 
l.iiid.  In  1873  he  or- 
u:iiiized  the  Sturgeon 
ii\t'r  lumber  companv 
■  I  Chassell.  Mich.,  (if 
which  he  is  still  pres- 
ident. He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Michigan 
bouse  of  re|>resenta- 
tives  ill  1895  and 
isiu; ;  served  with  dis- 
tiiiction  as  a  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1897-98;  and  served 
on  several  important  coinmillees.  In  1S99- 
1902  he  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Michi- 
gan, whicl.   positinii  he  lillerl  with  honor. 

Robinson,  Moses,  state  legislator,  gov- 
ernor,    I'nited     States     senator,    was     born 


March  15,  1741,  in  Hardwick,  Mass.  He 
served  in  the  legislature  of  Vermont;  and 
was  republican  governor  in  1789-90.  In 
1791-97  he  was  I'nited  States  senator  from 
N'ermont.  He  died  May  20,  1813,  in  Pen- 
nington, Vt. 

Robinson,  Orville,  congressman,  was  born 
in  .Mexico,  X.Y.  In  1843-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
eigiith  congress;  and  also  served  four  years 
in  the  assembly  of  that  state  from  Oswe- 
go county.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Robinson,  Rowland  Evans,  farmer,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  14,  1833,  in  Ferris- 
burgh,  Vt.  He  was  a  farmer  of  Ferris- 
burgh,  Vt. ;  and  widely  known  as  the  blind 
author.  He  is  the  author  of  Uanvis  Folks, 
a  novel ;  Vermont ;  a  Study  of  Independ- 
ence; I'nclc  'Lisha's  Outing;  In  New  Eng- 
land Woods  and  Fields;  In  the  Green  Wood; 
Sam  Lovel's  Camps;  and  other  works.  He 
died  Oct.  15,  1900,  in  Ferrisburgh,  Vt. 

Robinson,  Samuel,  soldier,  pioneer,  was 
born  April  4,  1707,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 
He  formed  a  company  at  Hardwick,  pur- 
chased the  rights  of  the  original  grantees  of 
lands,  and  taking  a  colony  with  him  in 
17G1,  settled  Bennington,  this  being  the  first 
town  in  what  is  now  Vermont.  He  was  the 
acknowledged  leader  in  the  band  of  pioneers 
in  the  settlement  of  the  town,  and  contin- 
lU'd  to  exerci.se  a  controlling  influence  in 
its  atlairs  during  the  remainder  of  his  life. 
He  died  Oct.  27,  1767,  in  London,  England. 
Robinson,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  born  Aug. 
9,  1738.  in  Hardwick,  Mass.  He  was  the 
Hrst  justice  of  the  peace  appointed  in  town 
under  the  authority  of  Vermont  in  1778; 
and  was  also  during  the  same  year  one  of.- 
the  judges  of  a  special  court.  He  died  May 
3,  1813,  in  Bennington,  Vt. 

Robinson,  Sara  Tappan  Doolittle,  author, 
was  born  July  12,  1827.  in  Belchertown, 
.\Iass.  She  is  the  wife  of  the  late  ex-Gov- 
ernor Charles  Robin- 
son, frequently  called 
the  war  governor  of 
Kansas.  She  received 
a  thorough  education 
in  the  classical  school 
of  her  native  city. 
Mrs.  Robinson  is  the 
author  of  Kansas,  Its 
Interior  and  Exterior 
Life,  a  book  which 
was  widely  circulated 
an  1  had  great  influ- 
ence in  the  Kansas 
struggU'.  She  is  a  pleasing  writer,  aTid  has 
cdiilributed  extensively  to  the  jjcriodical 
press.  She  is  the  daiighter  of  Myron  Law- 
rence, a  distinguished  lawyer,  who  did  his 
state  great  bcmor  in  various  ])ublic  ea])aci- 
ties. 

Robinson,  Solon,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  21.  1803.  near  Tolland,  Conn.  He 
was  a  journalist  of  New  York  City;  long 
known  as  an  agricultural  writer  for  The 
Tribune;  and  after  1870  a  resident  of  Jack- 


40 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


soiiville,  Fla.  He  was  the  author  of  Hot 
Corn,  or  Life  Scenes  in  New  York,  a  very 
popular  book  for  a  short  period;  Facts  for 
Farmers,  which  was  extensively  circulated; 
How  to  Live,  or  Domestic  Economy  Illus- 
trated; and  Me-won-i-toc.  He  died  Nov.  3, 
1880,  in  Jacksonville,  Fla. 

Robinson,  Stillman  Williams,  educator, 
civil  engineer,  inventor,  author,  was  born 
March   G,    1838,   in   South   Reading,   Vt.    In 

1863  he  graduated 
from  the  university  of 
Michigan  with  the  de- 
gree of  G.E. ;  and  sub- 
sequently received  the 
degree  of  D.Sc.  from 
the  Ohio  state  univer- 
sity. He  served  four 
years'  apprenticeship 
in  a  machine  shop. 
His  first  invention 
was  a  thermometer 
graduating  machine; 
and  he  has  since  taken 
out  nearly  fifty  ])atents.  In  1863-G6  he  was 
assistant  engineer  on  the  United  States  lake 
survey.  In  186G-70  he  was  assistant  engi- 
neer of  geodesy  and  mining  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan;  in  1870-78  was  professor 
of  mechanical  engineering  at  the  university 
of  rUinois;  and  in  1878-94  was  professor  of 
mechanical  engineering  at  the  Ohio  state 
vuiiversity.  He  resigned  to  care  for  his  in- 
ventions; and  is  now  professor  emeritus. 
In  1880-84  he  was  inspector  of  railways  of 
Ohio;  in  1888-90  was  consulting  engineer 
to  the  Santa  Fe  railway;  and  in  1887  was 
consulting  engineer  to  the  Lick  telescope 
mountings.  He  is  president  of  the  Robinson 
and  Tiltoii  machinery  company;  and  resides 
in  Columbus,  Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of 
Railroad  Economics;  Strength  of  Wrought 
Iron  Bridge  Members;  Gearing  and  Odon- 
tograpii ;   and  Principles  of  Mechanism. 

Robinson,  Stuart,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  14,  1814,  in  Ireland.  He  was  a 
presbyterian  clergyman  of  prominence  in 
Louisville.  He  was  the  author  of  Discourses 
of  Redemption ;  and  The  Church  of  God. 
lie  died  Oct.  .5.  ISSl.  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Robinson,  Mrs.  Suzanne  Antrobus,  lit- 
terateur, author,  was  born  in  ^Michigan.  She 
is  the  author  of  The  King's  ^Messenger. 

Robinson,  Sylvester,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1790-92  ho  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
l)roim'  court  of  Rhode  Island. 

Robinson,  Mrs.  Therese  Albertine  Louise, 

litterateur,  author,  was  born  in  1797  in 
(Tcorgia.  She  wrote  both  in  English  and 
(ierman.  using  the  pseudonym  Talvi  in  the 
latter  case.  She  was  the  aiithor  of  Char- 
acteristik  der  Volkslieder  germanischen  Na- 
lionen;  Die  Uncchtheit  der  Lieder  Ossians; 
Aus  der  Geschiehte  der  ersten  Ansiedelun- 
gen  in  den  Vereinigten  Staaten;  Die  Coloni- 
sation von  New  England;  Fifteen  Years, 
a  Picture  from  the  Last  Century;  His- 
torical  View   of   the  Language   and   Litera- 


ture of  the  Slavic  Nations.  She  also  wrote 
a  jiumber  of  stories  which  her  daughter 
translated  from  the  German,  including 
Psyche;  Heloise;  Life's  Discipline;  and  The 
Exiles.    She  died  in  1869. 

Robinson,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Sussex  county,  Del.  In  1839-41  he  was  a 
representative  from  Delaware  to  the  twenty- 
sixth  congress.  He  died  Oct.  28,  1843,  in 
Sussex  county,  Del. 

Robinson,  Thomas,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Aug.  23,  183-5,  in  Pictou,  N.S.  He  has 
attained  a  national  reputation  throughout 
the  United  States  as  a  noted  artist.  He 
died  :\Iarch  1,  1888,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Robinson,  Tracy,  government  official,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  22.  1833,  in  Clarendon, 
N.Y.  In  1863-08  and  1892  he  was  American 
vice-consul  to  Colon,  Canada.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Song  of  the  Palm  and  Other  Poems; 
Selections  from  the  Poetry  of  John  Payne; 
ami  Panama,  Recollections  of  Forty-six 
Yeais. 

Robinson,  Waltour  M.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  27,  18.50,  near  Paris,  Mo. 
In  1895-190,5  he  was  judge  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  of  Missouri ;  and  in  1903  be- 
came chief  justice. 

Robinson,  William  Andrew,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1801  he  was  first 
lieutenant  in  the  seventy-seventh  regiment 
Pennsylvania  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
wa-:  honorably  mustered  out  in  1865. 

Robinson,  William  Callyhan,  clergyman, 
lawyer,  legislator,  jurist,  author,  was  born 
July  26,  1834.  in  Norwich,  Conn.  Since  1895 
he  lias  been  dean  of  the  law  schools  in  the 
Catholic  university  of  America  at  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  In  1805-95  he  practiced  law  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.;  in  1869-71  was  judge 
of  the  city  court  of  New  Haven,  Conn.;  and 
in  1874-76  was  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas.  He  is  the  author  of  Life  of 
Ebenezer  Beriali  Kelly;  Notes  on  Elemen- 
tary Law;  Elementary  Law;  Clavis  Rerura; 
Law  of  Patents. 

Robinson,  William  Erigena,  journalist, 
lawyer,  congressman,  was  born  May  6,  1814, 
in  Ireland.  He  was  a  frequent  writer  for 
the  New  York  Herald;  and  in  1844  became 
identified  with  the  New  York  Trilmne,  sign- 
ing his  communications  Richelieu.  He  prac- 
ticed law  in  New  York  in  1853-62;  and  in 
1862  was  appointed  United  States  assessor 
of  internal  revenue  for  the  city  of  Brook- 
lyn. In  1867-69  and  1881-85  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  fortieth, 
forty-seventh  and  forty-eighth  congresses  as 
a  (iemocrat.  He  died  Jan.  23,  1892,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Robinson,  William  S.,  painter,  artist,  wag 
born  in  I^ast  Gloucester,  Mass.  He  is  repre- 
sented in  many  important  collections;  and 
has  received  honors  at  the  Paris,  Buffalo 
and  St.  Louis  expositions.  He  is  a  national 
academician. 

Robinson,  William  Stevens  Warrington, 
jonrnalist,  author,  was  born  Dec.  7,  1818,  in 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRAPA'   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


41 


Robson,    James    A-    lawyer,    jurist, 
born    Jan.    1,    18.51,    in    Corliam,    K.Y 


Concord,  Mass.  He  was  long  known  as  the 
Boston  correspondent  of  tlie  New  York  Tri- 
bune and  the  Springfield  Republican.  He 
was  tlie  author  of  The  Salary  Orab;  Manual 
of  Parliamentary  Tractice;  Warrington's 
Pen  Portraits;  and  Personal  and  Political. 
He  died  Marcli  11,  187G,  in  Maiden,  Mass. 

Robinson,  David  F.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1855-57  he  was  a 
rtptesentative  in  congress  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  tliirty-fourtli  congress.  He 
died   in  t  lianil)er>;burg.  Pa. 

Robison,  James  Dickey,  surgeon,  was  born 
April  23.  182U,  in  Wooster,  Ohio.  During 
tlie  Mexican  war  lie  was  surgeon  in  the 
third  regiment  Oliio  infantry;  and  during 
tlie  civil  war  was  commissioned  surgeon  in 
the  sixteenth  Ohio  infantry.  He  performed 
the  first  amputatioji  made  during  tlie  civil 
war.  He  died  ^Mav  10,  1895,  in  Wooster, 
Ohio. 

Robison,  John  K.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Piniisylvania.  In  1801  he  was  captain  in 
tile  first  regiment  Pennsylvania  infantry; 
and  in  18G5  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out  in  18G5. 

Robot,  Isidore,  clergyman,  bishop.  In 
18S(i  he  was  lloniaii  catholic  bishop  of  In- 
dian Territory;  and  resided  in  Atoka, 

was 
.¥.  In 
1870-1!)0;3  lie  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  and  in  1903  was  elected  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  New  York  for  the 
term  ending  in  1918.  In  1907  he  was  ap- 
pointed an  associate  justice  of  the  appellate 
division  of  the  fourth  department. 

Robson,  Stuart,  actor,  was  born  March 
4.  183ti.  ill  Annapolis,  .Md.  In  1852  he 
made  his  first  ajipearance  on  the  stage;  and 
was  a  partner  of  \V.  II.  Crane.  He  at- 
tained a  national  reputation  throughout  the 
I'nted  States  as  an  actor;  and  starred  in 
Iradin^i  roles  of  legitimate  comedv.  He  died 
April  29,   1903.  in  Highlands,  N.J. 

Robyn,  Alfred  George,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  A|)ril  2!).  ISCO,  in  St.  Louis, 
-Mo.  He  is  the  author  of  the  operettas, 
lieans  and  Piittoiis;  Court  Martial;  Soldier 
in  Petticoats;  and  A  Slim  Legacy.  Among 
Jiis  popular  ballads  are;:  fJood-night ;  An- 
swer: Vcarirntr:  To  Thee  Alone;  Love  Un- 
iMdiii;.':   ami    It    Was  a  Dream. 

Roche,  George,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1715 
lie  was  an  associate;  ju.stice  of  the  supreme 
court    (,f    i*(iiiisylvaiii;i. 

Roche,  James  Jeffrey,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  May  31,  1847,  in  Ireland.  In  1890- 
:9().')  he  was  editor  of  The  Pilot  in  Boston, 
-Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  Songs  and  Sa- 
tires; Pallads  of  nine  Water;  Life  of  John 
i'.oylc  O'Kcilly;  The  Story  of  the  Filibus- 
ters; and  His  Majesty  the  King.  He  died 
Feb.  3.   I!lil8.  in   Boston,  Ma.ss. 

Roche,  John  D.,  Journalist,  state  senator, 
was  born  Nov.  (i,  1870,  in  Evansville,  Ind. 
He  was  ((lucated  in  the  public  and  private 


schools  of  Evansville  and  Mt.  Vernon,  Ind. 
He  is  a  successful  joun.alist;  and  now  ed- 
itor of  the  Mt.  Vernon  Democrat  of  Huliana. 
During  President  Cleveland's  first  term  he 
was  deputy  postmaster  of  Mt.  Vernon,  Ind.; 
and  in  1891  he  was  committee  clerk  in  the 
Indiana  house  of  representatives.  He  is  an 
active  member  of  the  democratic  party;  and 
has  been  secretary  of  the  first  district  demo- 
cratic committee.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Indiana  state  senate  for  the  term  of  1902-06. 
Roche,  Joseph  F.,  clergyman,  author,  was 
boni  Jan.  3,  18(i.j,  in  Canada.  He  was  chan- 
cellor and  secretary  of  Lincoln  diocese;  rec- 
tor of  the  cathedral;  and  is  now  rector  of 
present  church  of  Dodge  Citj',  Neb.  He  is 
the  author  of  Apostles  Belief  and  Unbelief; 
and  two  other  works  bearing  on  the  cath- 
olic doctrine. 

Rochester,  Nathaniel,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  21,  1752.  in  Westmoreland  county,  \'a. 
He  was  a  major-general  during  the  revolu- 
tion. In  1818  he  purcha.sed  large  tracts  of 
land  in  the  Genesee  valley;  and  settled  in 
riochester,  wliieh  has  been  named  after  him. 
He  died  May  17.  1S31,  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 

Rochester,  Thomas  Fortesque,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1823,  in  Rochester, 
N.Y.  In  1853  he  was  appointed  a  professor 
in  the  medical  department  of  the  university 
of  Bulla lo;  and  in  18G3  was  appointed  a 
sjiecial  inspector  of  field  hospitals.  He  was 
Hie  author  of  The  A'rniy  Surgeon;  and  Med- 
ical Men  and  Medical  Matters  in  177G.  He 
(Fed   .M:iy  24.   1887.  in  Bullalo,  N.Y. 

Rochester,  William  Beatty,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  governor,  was  born  in 
W  a<hington  county.  Md.  In  1821-23  he  Was 
a  re])resentativc  from  New  York  to  the  sev- 
enteenth congress.  He  subsequently  held  the 
odicc  of  circuit  judge  in  New  York.  He  died 
June  15.  1838.  at  sea. 

Rochester,  William  Beatty,  soldier,  was 
born  Feb.  15.  182G,  in  Angelica,  N.Y.  He 
entered  the  I'nited  States  service  as  major 
and  additional  paymaster  of  volunteers  in 
18G1.  He  was  transferred  to  the  permanent 
establishment  as  paymaster  in  18G7;  and  in 
1882  was  appointed  paymaster-general  of 
the  army,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral.   He  retired   from  the  nrniy  in   1890. 

Rockefeller,  John  Davison,  capitalist. 
l»hilanfhropist,  was  born  Julv  8,  1839.  in 
IJieliford,  N.Y.  In  1870  the  firm  of  Rocke- 
feller, Andrews  and  Flagler  dissolved  and 
orsranized  the  Standard  oil  company  of  Ohio, 
with  John  D.  Rockefelhu'  as  its  president 
and  AVilliam  Rockefeller  as  vice-presi- 
dent. The  Standard  oil  companies  have 
been  able  to  reduce  the  cost  of  oil  to  con- 
sumers, and  they  now  own  thousands  of 
acres  of  oil  lands,  an  extensive  .system  of 
wells,  refineries,  pipe  lines,  oil  steamships 
and  business  houses  in  all  the  princi|)al  cit- 
ies of  the  United  States  and  the  represeiila- 
tive  cities  of  nearly  every  civilized  countrv 
on  the  face  of  the  globe.'  They  control  th'e 
greater  part  of  the  petroleum  business  of 
(his    ccuintry    and    export    much    of    the    oil 


42 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


used  in  other  countries.  He  has  made  gifts 
of  money  to  the  village  of  Tarrytown  for 
high-service  water  toAver;  to  the  city  of 
Cleveland;  to  Vassar  and  Barnard  colleges; 
to  the  Baptist  missionary  union  and  home 
missionary  society;  and  upwards  of  seven 
millions  to  Chicago  university. 

Rockefeller,  William,  business  president, 
capitalist,  was  born  May  31,  1841,  in  Tioga 
county,  N.Y.  In  1865  he  came  to  New  York 
and  established  the  firm  of  Rockefeller  and 
company  to  sell  and  handle  in  this  market 
the  oils  of  the  two  concerns  in  Cleveland. 
In  1807  all  three  firms  were  dissolved  to  be 
succeeded  by  Rockefeller,  Andrews  and  Flag- 
ler of  Cleveland  and  New  York  City,  ^Vill- 
iam  Rockefeller  taking  charge  of  the  busi- 
ness in  New  York  City.  He  is  a  director  in 
New  York  Central  railroad,  and  various 
other  railroads,  banks  and  other  corpora- 
tions. 

Rockel,  William  Mahlon,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  horn  July  18,  1855,  in  Clark 
county,  Ohio.   He  was  educated  in  the  public 

schools ;     in     1887     he 
was    admitted   to   the 
^^—    bar;  and  has  attained 
jm  '^^B    success  as  one  of  the 

^^p>  _^|b    foremost     lawyers     of 

jy  ^S(|  CI^^B  Ohio  at  Springfield. 
He  is  probate  judge 
of  Clark  county^  and 
is  prominent  in  the 
jiubiic  all'airs  of  his 
city,  county  and  state. 
He  is  the  author  of 
'Questions  From  Ohio 
Supreme  Court;  Ohio 
Mechanic's  Lien  Law ;  and  Complete  Guide 
for  Townsjiip  Officials. 

Rockhill,  William,  congressiuan,  was  born 
in  New  Jersey.  In  1847-49  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Indiana  to  the  thirtieth  con- 
gress.   He  died  in  Indiana. 

Rockhill,  William  Woodville,  diplomat, 
autlior,  was  born  April  2,  1851),  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. In  1897  he  was  appointed  United 
States  minister  1o  Greece.  He  is  the  author 
of  A  Life  of  the  Buddha  and  the  Early  His- 
tory of  His  Church ;  Land  of  the  Lannis ; 
Diary  of  a  Journey  in  ]\Iongolia  and  Thibet ; 
and  Notes  on  the  Ethnology  of  Thibet. 

Rockwell,  Alfred  Perkins,  soldier,  mining 
engineer,  autlior,  was  born  Oct.  15,  1834, 
in  Norwich,  Conn.  He  served  three  years 
in  the  union  army  during  the  civil  war  as 
captain  of  the  first  Connecticut  light  bat- 
tery; later  was  colonel  of  the  sixth  Con- 
necticut infantry;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  volunteers.  He  then  became  pro- 
fessor of  mining  at  the  Sheffield  scientific 
school;  and  in  1868-73  held  the  same  posi- 
tion at  the  Massachusetts  institute  of  tech- 
nology. After  the  great  Boston  fire  he  was 
made  chief  of  the  fire  department;  and  rc- 
(n-ganized  it  upon  an  efficient  basis.  In 
1876-79    he    was    president    of    the    Eastern 


railway  company;  and  in  1879-86  was  treas- 
urer of  the  Great  Falls  manufacturing  com- 
pany. He  was  the  author  of  Roads  and 
Pavements  in  France.  He  died  Dec.  24, 
1903,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Rockwell,  Alphonso  David,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  May  18,  1840,  in 
New  Canaan,  Conn.  He  is  a  physician  of 
New  York  City;  and  during  the  civil  war 
was  surgeon  of  the  sixth  Ohio  volunteer 
cavalry.  He  is  the  author  of  Relation  of 
Electricity  to  Medicine  and  Surgery;  and 
Medical  and  Surgical  Uses  of  Electricity. 

Rockwell,  Charles,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  22,  1806,  in  Colebrook,  Conn. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman;  and 
held  pastorates  in  the  New  England  and 
other  states.  He  was  the  author  of 
Sketches  of  Foreign  Travel  and  Life  at 
Sea;  and  The  Catskill  Mountains  and  the 
Region  Around.  He  died  April  17,  1882,  in 
Albany,  N.Y. 

Rockwell,  Charles  Henry,  naval  officer, 
was  born  April  29,  1840,  in  Chatham,  N.Y. 
In  1862  he  entered  the  naval  service  of 
the  LTnited  States  as  acting  master.  In 
1888  was  promoted  commander;  and  in  1902 
retired  with  the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  He 
died  in   1908   in  Chatham,  Mass. 

Rockwell,  Francis  W.,  lawyer,  banker,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  governor,  was  born  May  26, 
1844,  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.  In  1873  he  was  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  special  justices  of  the 
district  court  of  Central  Berkshire,  Mass. 
In  1879  ho  was  elected  a  representative  in 
tlie  state  legislatm-e;  in  1881-82  was  a  state 
senator.  In  1883-91  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts  to  the  forty- 
eighth,  forty-ninth,  fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
congresses  as  a  republican.  From  its  in- 
corporation in  1893  he  has  been  president 
of  the  City  savings  bank  of  Pittsfield, 
Mass. 

Rockwell,  Rosea  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1840  in  Tioga  coun- 
ty, N.Y.  Since  1869  he  has  practiced  law 
in  Elmira,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  state  assembly  in  1877 ;  for  sev- 
eral years  was  city  attorney  of  Elmira ; 
and  in  1891-93  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  fifty-second  congress 
as  a  democrat. 

Rockwell,  James  Otis,  journalist,  poet, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1808,  in  Lebanon,  Conn. 
In  1829  he  became  editor  of  the  Providence 
Patriot.  Some  of  his  poetry  is  preserved 
in  Poets  of  Connecticut.  He  died  June  7, 
1831,   in   Providence.  RJ. 

Rockwell,  Joel  Edson,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  May  4,  1816,  in  Salisbury,  Vt. 
He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of  Sta- 
pleton,  Staten  Island;  and  was  editor  of 
Sabbath  School  Visitor  in  18.52-60.  He  was 
the  author  of  Sketches  of  the.  Presbyterian 
Church;  The  Young  Christian  Warned; 
Scenes  and  Impressions  Abroad:  ]\Iy  Sheet 
Anchor;  and  Seed  Thoughts.  He  died  July 
20,   1882,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


43 


Rockwell,  John  Arnold,  lawyer,  jurist, 
aiitlior,  coii>:rfssmaii.  was  born  Aug.  27, 
1803,  in  Xorwicli,  Conn.  He  was  twice 
elected  to  the  Connecticut  state  senate; 
and  was  at  one  time  judge  of  the  county 
court  for  New  London  county.  In  1845-40 
he  was  a  represfutative  from  Connecticut 
to  the  twenty-ninth  and  thirtieth  con- 
gresses. He  was  the  author  of  Spanish  and 
American  Law  in  Rehition  to  Mines  and 
Titles  to  Real  Estate.  He  died  Feb.  10, 
l.SC'l.    in    Wasliinji^ton,    D.C. 

Rockwell,  Julius,  journalist,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman.  United  States  senator, 
was  born  April  26,  1805,  in  Colcbrook, 
Conn.  In  1843-51  lie  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  twenty-eighth, 
twentj-ninth  and  thirtieth  congresses; 
and  in  1853-55  he  was  United  States  sena- 
tor; and  was  appointed  one  of  the  judges 
of  the  superior  court  of  Massachusetts  in 
1859.  He  died  May  19,  1888,  in  Lenox, 
Mass. 

Rockwell,  Julius  Ensign,  editor,  author, 
was  born  March  3,  18(iU,  in  Miilbury,  Mass. 
In  1880  he  was  secretary  of  the  LInited 
States  commission  to  the  international  fish- 
eries exposition  iield  at  Berlin ;  and  then 
for  seven  years  was  a  stenograplier  in  the 
patent  ollice.  Since  1902  he  lias  been  editor 
of  the  bureau  of  plant  industry  for  the  de- 
jiartment  of  agriculture  at  Wasliington. 
D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  Shorthand  In- 
struction and  Practice. 

Rockwell,  William  Hayden,  physician, 
surgeon,  aiitiior,  was  born  Sept.  21,  1867, 
in  Brattleboro,  Vt.  Since  1892  he  has  prac- 
ticed liis  profession  in  New  York  City.  He 
is  tlie  autiior  of  Pocket  Textbook  of  Chem- 
istry and  Physics;  and  Pocket  Textbook  of 
Anatomy. 

Rockwood,  Charles  Greene,  banker,  was 
liorii  July  19,  1814,  in  Boston,  Mass.  For 
forty-five  years  he  was  casliier  and  tlien 
[iresident  of  tlie  National  Newark  banking 
companv  of  Newark,  N.J.  He  died  Juiv 
17.   1904.   ill   Caldwell,  N.J. 

Rockwood,  Charles  Greene,  educator, 
iiiat!ie!iiati<-iaii,  was  horn  Jan.  11,  1843,  in 
New  York  City.  He  filled  the  chair  of 
mathematics  in  Bowdoin  college  in  1868- 
73;  i?utgers  college  in  1873-77;  and  the 
Princeton  university  in  1877-1905.  He  died 
July    2.    1913. 

Rockwood,  Elbert  William,  educator, 
clui"ist.  author,  was  born  .Inly  4.  1S60,  in 
Franklin.  Mass.  Since  1H8S  In-  has  been  in- 
structor at  the  university  of  [owa,  where 
he  is  now  liead  of  the  department  of  chem- 
istry. He  is  the  autlior  of  A  Laboratory 
Manual  of  Pliys'olngical  Chemistry;  and 
Introduction  to  Chemical  Analysis  for  .Med- 
ii-al   Sdicleiits. 

Rockwood,  Frank  E.,  educator,  author, 
was  born  l).c.  20.  1852.  in  Franklin.  .Mass. 
For  ten  years  he  taught  in  the  Sonlli  .Jer- 
sey institute:  and  is  now  profes.sor  f)f  Latin 
and    dean    of    llncknell    university    of    Lew- 


isburg.  Pa.  He  is  tiie  author  of  Roman 
Histoiy;  Scipio's  Dream;  and  other  Latin 
textbooks. 

Rockwood,  George  Gardner,  journalist, 
l)hotogiai)lier,  lecturer,  inventor,  author, 
was  born  April  12,  1832.  in  Troy,  N.Y.  He 
was  managing  editor  of  the  Troy  Daily 
Post,  Troy,  N.  Y.  He  became  interested  in 
photograpliy  in  1855;  was  the  first  to 
make  the  carte  de  visile  photograph  in  this 
country;  and  has  made  many  inventions. 
He  was  the  author  of  the  scientific  hoax. 
Brain  Pictures,  which  appeared  in  a  New 
York  paper  in  1887.  He  died  July  11, 
1911.  in  Lakeville,  Conn. 

Roddenbery,  Seaborn  Anderson,  congress- 
man, was  born  Jan.  12,  1870,  in  Decatur 
county,  Ga.  He  has  been  an  educator  and 
lawyer;  and  was  judge  of  the  county  court 
ollice  four  years.  In  1910-15  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  sixty-first,  sixty-second 
and    sixty-third    congresses    as    a    democrat. 

Roddey,  Philip  Dale,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1818  in  North  Carolina.  He  organized 
a  company  of  scouts  early  in  1861  for  the 
confederate  service,  and  subsequently  a 
brgade;  and  v,as  commissioned  brigadier- 
general  in  18(53.  He  died  about  1900  in 
London.    England. 

Roddle,  William  H.,  merchant,  lawyer, 
public  official,  was  born  Dec.  28,  1858,  in 
Keuosha  county.  Wis.  He  is  a  successful 
merchant  of  Brookings,  S.  D.;  and  has  been 
assistant  attorney-general;  in  1896-1900  he 
was  secretary  of  state  of  South   Dakota. 

Rodenberg,  William  A.,  government  ofli- 
cial.  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  30,  1865, 
in  Chester,  HI.  In  1884  he  graduated  from 
the  Central  Wesleyan  college  with  the  de- 
gree of  A.M.  In  1890  he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law.  In  1896  he  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  national  republican  convention; 
and  in  1901-02  was  United  States  civil 
service  commissioner.  In  1890-1901  and 
1903-11  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nf)is  to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-eighth,  fifty- 
ninth,  sixtieth  and  sixty-first  congresses  as 
a    republican. 

Rodenbough,  Theophilus  Francis,  soldier, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  5.  1838,  in  Easton, 
i'a.  He  was  a  federal  army  oflicer;  and  as- 
sistant inspector-general  of  New  ^'ork  state 
in  18S0-83.  He  is  the  author  of  From 
iOveigladi'  to  Canon  with  the  Second  United 
States  Cavalrv;  Afganistan  and  the  Anglo- 
llussian  Dispute :  and  Uncle  Sam's  Med;il 
of    Honor. 

Rodes,  Robert  Emmett,  soldier,  was  born 
.March  2!t.  lS2(i.  in  Lynchburg.  Va.  He 
served  in  the  confederate  army  during  the 
civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  ma- 
jor-general. He  died  Sept.  19,  1864,  in 
Winchester.   \'a. 

Rodey,  Bernard  Shandon,  lawy(>r.  legisla- 
tor. <  (  ngressma.i.  was  boin  in  185(i  in  Ire- 
lainl.  In  18S2  he  was  court  stenogra])her 
of  the  second  district  f)f  New  Mexico;  was 
city   attorney    of   Albuquerque    in    1888-89; 


44 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


and  a  member  of  the  territorial  legislative 
council  in  1889.  In  1901-05  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  Mexico  to  the  fifty- 
seventh  and  fifty-eighth  congresses  as  a 
reiniblican. 

Rodger,  James  George,  educator,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  July  4,  1852,  in  Ham- 
mond, N.Y.  He  became  president  of  Ben- 
zonia  college  of  Michigan;  and  he  resigned 
in  1897  to  lecture  on  the  Evidences  of 
Christianity  from  a  Scientific  Basis.  He  is 
the  author  of  Adolphus,  a  religious  drama. 

Rodgers,  Christopher  Raymond  Perry, 
naval  ollicer,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1819,  in 
Brooklyn,  jSJ.Y.  He  served  in  the  United 
States  navy;  in  1874  was  commissioned 
rear-admiral;  and  was  retired  from  active 
service  about  1886.  He  died  Jan.  8,  1892, 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Rodgers,  Frederick,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Oct.  3,  1842,  in  Maryland.  During 
the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant-commander. In  1897  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  inspections  and  sur- 
vey; became  commodore  in  1898;  and  was 
subsequently   promoted   to   rear-admiral. 

Rodgers,  George  Washington,  naval  offi- 
cer, was  born  Feb.  22,  1787,  in  Hartford 
county,  Md.  He  entered  the  navy  as  mid- 
shipman in  1804;  was  commissioned  lieu- 
tenant in  1810;  was  commissioned  cap- 
tain in  1825;  and  at  his  death  was  com- 
modore commanding  the  Brazil  squadron. 
He  died   May  21,   1832,   in   South  America. 

Rodgers,  John,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Aug.  8,  1812,  in  Harford  covmty,  Md.  He 
served  in  the  United  States  navy  during 
the  civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of 
rear-admiral.  He  was  superintendent  of 
the  United  States  naval  observatory  at 
Washington  in  1877-82.  He  died  May  5, 
1882,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Rodgers,  John  C,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1801  he  was  captain  in  the 
twenty-seventh  regiment  New  Y^ork  infan- 
try; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  lieutenant- 
colonel  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  May  6,   1897. 

Rodgers,  John  Isaac,  soldier,  was  born 
April  18,  1839,  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.  In 
1861  he  was  commissioned  second  lieuten- 
ant in  the  ^^^,__^^',)  artillery ;  and  in  1898 
attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  In 
1902  he  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general in  the  United  States  army.  He 
has  prepared  Range  Tables,  Coast  Artillery 
and  Drill  Eegulations,  published  by  the 
war  department. 

Rodgers,  Molton  Cropper,  lawyer,  jurist, 
In  182G  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  /the 
suiireme  court  of  Pennsylvania. 

Rodgers,  Samuel  Andrew,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  March  5,  1830,  in  Knox  county, 
Tenn.  In  1878  he  was  elected  from  Lou- 
don judge  of  the  tliird  judicial  circuit 
court;  iind  served  for  three  successive  terms 
of    eight   years   each. 


Rodman,  Isaac  Peace,  soldier,  manufac- 
turer, state  legislator,  was  born  Aug.  18, 
1822,  in  South  Kingston,  R.I.  He  sat  in 
both  houses  of  the  Rhode  Island  legisla- 
ture for  several  terms.  He  was  made  lieu- 
tenant-colonel of  the  fourth  Rhode  Island 
volunteers  in  1861;  and  soon  afterward 
was  commissioned  as  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  Sept.  30,  1862,  in 
Sharpsburg,   Md. 

Rodman,  Thomas  Jefferson,  soldier,  in- 
ventor, author,  was  born  July  30,  1815,  in 
Salem,  Ind.  He  was  an  army  ofHcer;  and 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  in  18G5.  He 
invented  the  method  of  hollow  casting.  He 
was  tlie  autliov  of  Report  of  Experiments 
on  Metals  for  Cannon  and  Cannon  Powder. 
He  died  June  7,   1871,  in  Rock  Island,   111. 

Rodman,  Warren  Anson,  educator,  physi- 
cian, author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1855, 
in  East  Boston,  Mass.  In  1895-1902  he  was 
secretary  of  the  Metaphysical  club  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  For  ten  years  he  practiced  as 
an  architect;  and  lectured  on  metaphysics 
for  three  years.  He  is  the  author  of  Fate 
and  Law;  The  Story  of  an  Optimist;  and 
Trust    Thyself. 

Rodman,  William,  soldier,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1757,  in 
Bensalem,  Pa.  He  was  for  many  years  in 
the  legislature  of  Pennsylvania;  and  in 
1811-13  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
twelfth  congress.  He  died  July  27,  1824,  in 
Bensalem,  Pa. 

Rodney,  Caesar,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  independence,  governor,  was  born  Oct.  7, 
1728.  in  Dover,  l5el.  He  was  high  sheriflf, 
justice  of  the  peace,  and  a  judge  in  his  na- 
tive county;  and  in  1762  was  elected  to 
the  state  legislature,  serving  several  j'ears, 
and  as  speaker  in  1769.  He  was  a  delegate 
to  tlie  New  York  congress  in  1765;  and  in 
1774-78  and  1783-84  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Delaware  to  the  continental  congress.  He 
was  a  signer  of  the  declaration  of  independ- 
ence. He  was  appointed  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Delaware;  also  served  for 
a  time  as  general  of  militia;  and  was  re- 
publican governor  of  Delaware  in  1778-82. 
He  died  June  29,   1784,  in   Dover,  Del. 

Rodney,  Caesar  Augustus,  lawyer,  jurist, 
diplomat.  congressman,  author.  United 
States  senator,  cabinet  officer,  was  born 
Jail.  4,  1772,  in  Dover,  Del.  In  1803-05  and 
1821-23  he  was  a  representative  from  Dela- 
ware to  the  eightli  and  seventeenth  con- 
gresses. In  1897-11  he  was  attorney-gen- 
eral of  tlie  United  States.  In  1821-23  he 
was  United  States  senator;  and  in  1823 
was  appointed  United  States  minister  to 
r.uenos  Ayres.  He  was  the  author  of  Re- 
))orts  on  tho  Present  State  of  the  LTnited 
Provinces  of  South  America.  He  died  June 
10,   1824,   in  Buenos  Ayres. 

Rodney,  Caleb,  governor.     He  was  acting 

govereiior  of  Delaware  in   1822-23.     He  died 
in  Delaware. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


45 


Rodney,  Daniel,  congressman,  governor. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  in  1764  in 
Delaware.  He  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1809;  and  was  the  ninth  governor  of 
Delaware  in  1814-17.  In  1822-23  he  was  a 
representative  from  Delaware  to  the  seven- 
teenth congress;  and  in  1820-27  he  was 
I'nited  States  senator.  He  died  Sept.  2, 
184(),   in   Delaware. 

Rodney,  George  B.,  congressman,  was 
boin  in  1803  in  New  Castle,  Del.  In  1841- 
45  he  was  a  representative  from  Delaware 
to  the  twenty-seventh  and  twenty-eighth 
congresses;  and  was  a  delegate  in  1801  to 
the  peace  cor.gress  of  Washington,  D.C.  He 
died  Jniie   IS.    1883.   in   New   Castle,   Del. 

Rodney,  George  Brydges,  soldier,  was  born 
Oct.  17,  1842,  in  New  Castle,  Del.  In  1801 
he  enlisted  as  a  p.rivate  soldier  in  the  Penn- 
sylvania artillery;  and  in  1869  graduated 
from  the  artillery  school  and  was  pro- 
moted captain.  In  1903  he  was  retired  at 
his  own  request  with  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general  after   forty  years  of   service. 

Rodney,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man,  was  born  June  4,  1744,  in  Sussex 
county,  Del.  In  1781-83  and  1785-87  he 
was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  con- 
tinental congress.  In  1803  he  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  judge  for  the  terri- 
tory of  Mississippi.  He  died  Jan.  2,  1811, 
in  Ixoiluey,  IMiss. 

Rodriguez,  Jose  Ignacio,  lawyer,  public 
ollicial,  autlior,  was  born  Nov.  11,  1831,  in 
Havana,  Cuba.  In  1869  he  settled  in  the 
United  States;  and  served  in  various  capac- 
ities from  Mexico  in  the  United  States  and 
Mexican  claim  commission.  He  practiced 
law  in  \\'asliingt()n,  D.C;  and  was  chief 
translator  and  librarian  at  the  Columbus 
memorial  library.  He  was  the  author  of 
several  works  in  Mexican.  He  died  in  1907 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Roe,  Alfred  Seelye,  educator,  legislator, 
author,  was  born  June  8,  1844,  in  Rose, 
N.Y.      He    served   as   a    soldier   during   the 

civil  war.  In  1892- 
98  lie  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts 
state  legislature.  He 
is  the  author  of  sev- 
eral l)ooks  and  i)am- 
phlets  on  educational, 
military  and  histori- 
cal subjects.  F  o  r 
many  years  he  has 
I)  e  «•  n  iironiiuently 
identilied  with  the 
educational  and  ptib- 
lic  ailairs  of  liis  city 
and  state,  and  lias  filled  several  jiositions 
of  liiist   and   lionor. 

Roe,  Azel  Stevens,  merchant,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  16,  1798,  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  for  many  years  a  wine  merchant  of 
Now  York  City.  He  was  the  author  of 
True  to  tli(!  Last;  A  Long  Look  Alu-ad; 
Tinn-  and  Tide;  To  Love  and  To  Be  ]>oved;- 


James  Montjoy;  True  Love  Rewarded; 
How  Could  He  Help  It?;  Looking  Around; 
Woman  Uur  Angel;  and  The  Cloud  in  the 
Heart.  He  died  Jan.  1,  1880,  in  East 
Windsor    Hill,    Conn. 

Roe,  Charles  Francis,  soldier,  was  born 
iMay  1,  1848,  in  New  York  City.  In  1808 
he  graduated  from  the  United  States  mili- 
tary academy;  in  1880  became  first  lieu- 
tenant; and  in  1S88  "resigned  with  the  rank 
of  ailjutant.  He  was  engaged  in  the  real 
estate  business  in  New  York  City.  In  1898 
he  was  appointed  brigadier-general  and  ma- 
jor-general of  the  United  States  volunteers. 
He  died  in  1900,  in  New  York  City. 

Roe,  Edward  Payson,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  March  7,  1838,  in  New  Windsor, 
N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Barriers  Burned 
Away;  Opening  a  Chestnut  Burr;  A  Face 
Illumined;  His  Sombre  Rivals;  What  Can 
She  Do?;  Near  to  Nature's  Heart; 
From  Jest  to  Earnest;  A  Knight  of  the 
Nineteenth  Century;  A  Day  of  Fate;  With- 
out a  Home;  A  Young  Girl's  ^Vooing;  An 
Original  Belle;  Driven  Back  to  Eden;  Na- 
ture's Serial  Story;  The  Earth  Trembled; 
Miss  Lou;  Taken  Alive,  and  Other  Stories. 
He  abo  published  two  horticultural  books. 
The  Home  Acre;  and  Success  with  Small 
Fruits.  He  died  July  19,  1888,  in  Corn- 
wall,   N.Y. 

Roe,  Edward  Reynolds,  litterateur,  au- 
tlior. He  is  a  novelist  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  the  author  of  Brought  to  Bay;  The  Grey 
and  the  Blue;  God  Reigns;  Lay  Sermons; 
From  the  Beaten  Path;  and  May  and  June. 

Roe,  Francis  Asbury,  naval  oliicer,  genea- 
logist, was  born  Oct.  4,  1823,  in  Elmira, 
N.Y.  He  served  in  the  navy  during  the 
Mexican  and  civil  wars;  was  commander  of 
several  United  States  battleships;  and 
fouglit  a  lleet  of  pirate  war  junks  in  China 
in  1853.  During  his  service  in  the  United 
States  navy  he  was  promoted  from  mid- 
shipman to  rear-admiral;  and  served  with 
distinction  in  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars. 
He  commanded  the  Pensacola  during  the 
liattle  of  New  Orleans.  He  retired  from 
active  service  about  1901.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Genealogv  of  the  Roe  Family.  He 
(li.d    Dec.  28,   1901,  in   Washington,  D.C. 

Roe,  George  Mortimer,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  ;!l).  ISJS,  in  Clyde,  N.Y.  In 
IS72  he  became  a  reporter  on  the  Cincin- 
naiti  (iazette.  fn  1881-80  he  was  city  edi- 
tor of  the  Cincinnati  En(|uirer.  He  was 
managing  editor  of  the  Cincinnati  Times- 
Star,  lie  is  tlie  author  of  .\  History  of 
the  Cincinnati  Police;  and  a  History  of 
Cincinnati. 

Roe,  J.  E.,  litterateur,  author.  He  is  the 
aullinr  of  Hacon's  Drama  of  Uiv  DeFoe 
I'eriod  :    and  ol  lier  works. 

Roe,  Joseph  Franklin,  physician,  was 
born  Jnn<^  27.  1871.  in  Can<Ior,  N.Y.  He 
attended  Cornell  university,  graduated  from 
the  medical  department  of  Cleveland  col- 
lege;   and    did    ]>osl-graduale   work    in    New 


46 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


York  City  and  in  Vienna  and  London.  He 
is  oculist  and  auiist  to  the  Binghamton 
city  iiospital ;  and  makes  a  specialty  of 
diseases  of  the  eye,  ear,  nose  and  throat. 

Roe,  Mrs.  Nora  Ardelia  Metcalf,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  April  1,  1856,  in 
Franklin,  Mass.  She  is  the  wife  of  Alfred 
S.  lloe  of  Worcester,  Mass.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Two  Little  Street  Singers. 

Roebling,  John  Augustus,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  June  12,  1806,  in  Prus- 
sia. He  was  a  civil  engineer  of  note;  and 
built  the  suspension  bridge  across  the  Ohio 
between  Cincinnati  and  Covington;  and 
was  the  designer  of  the  Brooklj'n  bridge. 
He  was  the  author  of  Long  and  Short  Span 
Railway  Bridges.  He  died  July  22,  1869, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Roebling,  Washington  Augustus,  soldier, 
engineer,  author,  was  born  May  26,  1837, 
in  Saxonburg,  Pa.  A  suspension  bridge 
was  built  over  the  Potomac  at  Harper's 
P^erry  by  him.  Many  balloon  ascensions 
were  made  for  reeconnoitering  purposes; 
and  it  was  during  one  of  these  that  he  be- 
came the  first  to  discover  General  Lee's 
army  in  motion  for  the  march  into  Penn- 
sylvania. Resigning  in  1865  he  took  al- 
most entire  charge  of  building  the  suspen- 
sion bridge  in  Cincinnati.  Then  came  the 
Brooklyn  bridge  project,  greatest  work  of 
all,  undertaken  first  by  his  father.  He  is 
the  author  of  ^Military  Suspension  Bridge. 
Roehr,  Julius  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  March  6,  1859,  in 
Brooklyn,    N.Y.      He    was    educated    in    the 

public  schools  of 
Brooklyn;  at  a  busi- 
ness college  of  Mil- 
waukee; and  at  the 
iniiversity  of  Wiscon- 
sin, where  he  graduat- 
ed from  the  law  de- 
partment with  the  de- 
gree of  LL.B.  Since 
1881  he  has  practiced 
law  in  INIilwaukee, 
Wis. ;  and  has  made  a 
specialty  of  insurance 
law.  Since  1888  he 
has  been  a  circuit  court  commissioner.  In 
1896-1908  he  was  a  member  of  the  Wiscon- 
sin state  senate;  and  was  chairman  on  the 
committee  of  finance,  banks  and  insurance. 
He  is  president  of  the  INIilwaukee  county 
bar  association;  vice-president  of  the  Na- 
tional valve  company;  a  director  of  the 
Northern  wire  and  cable  company;  presi- 
dent of  the  Krueger  manufacturing  com- 
pany; president  of  the  Badger  mutual  life 
stock  insurance  company ;  and  president 
of  the  Bug  gold   mining  company. 

Roehrig,  Frederic  Louis  Otto,  educator, 
philogi~t,  raithor,  was  born  June  19,  1819, 
in  Halle,  Prussia.  He  graduated  from  the 
universities  of  Halle,  Leipzig  and  Paris; 
studied  at  the  medical  school  of  Paris;  and 
has  received  the  degrees  of  A.M.,  Ph.D.  and 


M.D.  In  1841  he  was  attached  to  the  Pi'us- 
sian  embassy  at  Constantinople;  in  1849 
was  professor  at  the  college  Beziers  of 
France;  and  in  1851  was  lecturer  at  the 
Royal  oriental  academy  of  Paris.  In  1861- 
67  he  was  acting  assistant  surgeon  in  the 
United  States  army;  in  1869-85  was  pro- 
fessor of  Sanskrit  and  modern  oriental  lan- 
guages at  Cornell  university;  in  1886  filled 
the  same  chair  at  the  universitj'  of  southern 
California;  in  1895  became  lecturer  on 
Semitic  languages  and  oriental  philology  at 
the  Leland  Stanford  university;  and  finally 
lecturer  at  Los  Angeles  conservatory  of 
music  and  art.  He  is  the  author  of  books 
in  many  languages ;  and  composer  of  nu- 
merous   piano    compositions. 

Roelker,  Bernard,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  April  24,  1810,  in  Germany.  In  1856 
he  removed  to  the  city  of  New  Y^ork,  and 
entered  the  firm  of  Laur  and  Roelker;  and 
established  a  large  practice  among  the  Ger- 
mans. He  was  the  author  of  Constitutions 
of  France;  Argument  in  Favor  of  the  Con- 
stitutioiuility  of  the  Legal-Tender  Clause 
in  the  Act  of  Congress,  Feb.  25,  1862;  and 
Manual  for  the  Use  of  Notaries  Public  and 
Bankers.  He  died  March  5,  1888,  in  New 
York  City. 

Roelker,  Charles  Rafael,  naval  officer,  was 
born  in  Hanover,  Germany.  In  1862  he 
was  appointed  from  New  Y'ork  third  assist- 
ant engineer  in  the  United  States  navy. 
In  1890  he  became  chief  engineer;  in  1899 
was  promoted  commander;  and  in  1903  was 
retired   with    the    rank    of    rear-admiral. 

Roemer,  Jean,  educator,  college  president, 
author,  was  born  about  1815  in  England. 
He  was  vice-president  of  the  college  of  the 
city  of  New  York  in  1869.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Dictionary  of  English-French  Id- 
ioms; Polyglot  Readers;  Cavalry;  Prin- 
ciples of  General  Grammar;  Cours  de  lec- 
ture et  de  traduction ;  Origins  of  the  Eng- 
lish Peojjle  and  Language;  and  Left  in  the 
Wilderness.  He  died  Aug.  31,  1892,  in 
Lenox,  Mass. 

Roeschlamb,  Robert  Sawers,  soldier,  de- 
signer, arcliitect.  was  born  July  6,  1843,  in 
Bavaria.  He  served  throughout  the  civil 
war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  captain.  In 
1874-1901  he  was  supervising  architect  in 
the  school  district  of  Denver;  and  designed 
the  state  normal  school  at  Greeley,  and  the 
Chauibeiiain  conservatory  of  the  university 
of   Denver,   Col. 

Roge,  Mrs.  Charlotte  Fiske,  educator, 
critic,  poet,  was  born  Nov.  30,  1838,  in  New 
York  City.  She  taught  for  many  years  in 
Cambridge,  ]\Iass. ;  and  now  in  Washington, 
D.C.  She  is  the  author  of  Risk,  and  Other 
Poems;  and  edited  The  Cambridge  Book  of 
Poetry;  Longfellow  Birthday  Book;  Seven 
Voices  of  Sympathy;  and  several  transla- 
tions. 

Rogers,  Andrew  J.,  educator,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  1,  1828.  in  Ham- 
burg,   N.    J.      In    1863-67    he    was    a    repro- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


47 


sentativc    from    New   Jersey   to   the   thirty- 
eighth  and  thirty-ninth  congresses. 

Rogers,  Anthony  A.  C,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  U)rn  I'Vl).  14,  1821,  in  Sum- 
ner county,  Tenn.  In  18G9-71  he  was  a 
repiosentative  from  Arkansas  to  the  forty- 
iirst  congress. 

Ro£ers,  Arthur,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  20,  1804.  in  I'rovidence,  R.I. 
Since  1890  he  has 'been  rector  of  tlie  Holy 
Trinity  cliurcli  at  West  Cliester,  Pa.  He 
is  ihe  author  of  ^len  and  Movements  in 
the  English  Church. 

Rogers,  Arthur  Kenyon,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  27.  18U8.  in  Dunelleu,  N.J. 
Since  IDOO  he  has  been  professor  of  philoso- 
phy and  education  at  the  Butler  college  of 
Indianapolis,  Ind.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Brief  Introduction  to  Modern  Philosophy; 
A  Student's  History  of  Philosophy;  and 
The  Religious  Conception  of  the  World. 

Rogers,  Asa,  soldier,  civil  engineer,  legis- 
latt>r,  |i(ditician.  was  born  Aug.  20,  183(5, 
in  Oakham,  Va.  He  was  a  civil  engineer 
up  to  April,  1801,  when  he  entered  the  con- 
federate service  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  first 
Virginia  cavalry;  was  promoted  to  captain 
after  the  battles  around  Richmond  in 
1802;  and  served  till  the  surrender  at  Ap- 
pomatto.x.  He  then  again  took  up  engi- 
neering, and  was  elected  railroad  commis- 
sioner in  1880.  In  1884  he  was  elected  to 
the  Virginia  state  senate;  ;i,nd  in  1885  was 
appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  by 
President  Arthur.  For  seventeen  years  he 
has  been  secretary  of  the  republican  state 
commit  ti'i'   of    X'irginia. 

Rogers,  Barton  F.,  educator,  clergyman, 
poet,  was  born  July  23,  1831,  in  Piermont, 
N.H.  For  three  years  he  was  chaplain  of 
the  fifteenth  Illinois  infantry  during  tiie 
civil  war.  He  is  a  universalist  clergjman; 
and  well  known  in  his  denomination  as  an 
organizer  and  builder  of  churches.  He  died 
Miircli    4.    1S!17.    in    Atkinson,   Wis. 

Rogers,  Charles,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  New  York.  He  served  in 
the  assembly  of  New  York  from  Washing- 
ton county  in  1833-37;  and  in  1843-45  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-eighth 
congress.  He  died  in  Washington  county, 
NY. 

Rogers,  Mrs.  Clara  Kathleen,  musician, 
r'(iMii)ur,cr.  \\a>  b.irn  Jan.  11.  IS44,  in  Cliel- 
tenliam.  England.  She  is  the  daughter  of 
John  Barnett,  the  father  of  English  opera. 
She  settled  in  Boston  as  a  concert-singer, 
singing-teaclK'r.  and  composer.  She  is  the 
author  of  Kiss  Mine  Eyelids,  Lovely  Morn; 
The  Philosophy  of  Singing;  and  other  com- 
jiositions. 

Rogers,  Daniel,  governor.  He  was  tbe 
tbird  governor  of  Delaware  in  ]7!)7-OS.  He 
died   in    Delaware. 

Rogers,  Delia,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  about  1879  in  Denver,  Colo.  She  made 
her  debut  at  St.  Petersbnrj'.     She  has  suiii' 


in  Milan,  Roumania,  Turkey,  as  well  as  in 
America. 

Rogers,  Ebenezer  Piatt,  clergyman,  au- 
llior.  \\a>  lioni  Dec.  IS,  1817,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1802-81  he  was  pastor  of  the 
South  Reformed  church  of  New  York  City. 
He  was  the  author  of  Earnest  Words  to 
Young  Men  in  a  Series  of  Discourses;  and 
Historical  Discourse  on  the  Reformed  Prot- 
estant Dutch  Church  of  Albany,  lie  died 
Oct.   23.    ISSl.   in   Montclair.  N.J. 

Rogers,  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1780  in  Connecticut.  He 
was  for  many  j'ears  county  judge  of  Madi- 
son county,  N.Y.  In  1839-41  he  was  a  rep- 
resi-ntative  from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
sixth  congress.  He  died  May  23,  1857,  in 
Gahvay,   N.Y. 

Rogers,  Mrs.  Emma,  litterateur,  author. 
She  is  the  wife  of  the  late  William  Barton 
Rogers  of  Boston,  Mass.  She  edited  sev- 
eral of  his  works,  including  Geology  of  the 
Gin-as;  Pioneers  of  Science  in  America; 
and  Eife  and  Letters  of  William  Barton 
Rogers. 

Rogers,  Eustace  Barron,  naval  officer, 
was  born  May  29.  1855,  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  In  1879  be  was  appointed  from  Cali- 
for  lia  to  the  United  States  navy;  and  in 
lltOii  was  promoted  paymaster  general  with 
the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 

Rogers,  Ezekiel,  clergyman,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  in  1590,  in  England.  In 
1038  he  came  with  manv  of  his  Yorkshire 
friends  to  America;  and  began  a  new 
plantation,  which  he  named  Rowley.  He 
bequeathed  his  library  to  Harvard  college 
and  his  house  and  lands  to  tlie  town  of 
Rowley.  He  died  Jan.  23,  1000,  in  Rowley, 
Mass. 

Rogers,  Fairman,  educator,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  15,  1833,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  was  a  professor  of  civil 
engineering  in  the  university  of  Pennsylva- 
nia in  1855-70.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Magnetism  of  Iron  Vessels.  He  died  in 
1900,    in    I'liiladelphia.   V:\. 

Rogers,  Franklin  Whiting,  artist,  was 
born  Aug.  27,  1854,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 
He  lias  devoted  himself  especially  to  the 
painting  of  dogs.  Among  his  paintings  arc 
The  Two  Friends ;  Steady ;  Resignation ; 
Loo;    and  Mischief. 

Rogers,  G.  Tracy,  railway  president,  was 
born  .luly  9.  1854,  in  Chenango  Fork,  N.Y. 
In  1889  be  became  identified  with  the  street 
lailway  company  of  Binghainton,  N.Y.;  and 
is  now  president  of  the  Bingbaniton  rail- 
way comjiany.  He  is  also  j)resi(lent  of  the 
Endicott  land  coini)any  of  New  York;  and 
jiresidi'ut  and  director  in  various  otlier 
corporations. 

Rogers,  George,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ohio. 
In  ISOl  he  was  eaiitain  in  the  fourtli  regi- 
ment Ohio  infantry;  and  in  1K(15  was  brev- 
et ted    brigadier-general    of    Vdliiiiteers. 

Rogers,    George    Blake,    eduuitor,    college 


48 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


president,  author,  was  born  April  5,  1864, 
in  Oshkosh,  Wis.  In  1887-1904  lie  filled 
professorships  in  various  schools  and  col- 
leges; and  in  1895-1902  was  in  commercial 
pursuits  in  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Since  1904 
he  lias  been  president  of  Baldwin  univer- 
sity of  Berea,  Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of 
Outlines  of  Brief  History;  and  Outlines  of 
Koi.'.an  History. 

Rogers,  George  Clarke,  soldier,  was  born 
Kov.  22,  1838,  in  Piermont,  N.H.  He  was 
the  first  to  raise  a  company  in  Lake  coun- 
ty, 111.,  at  the  opening  of  the  civil  war. 
lie  became  first  lieutenant  in  1861;  and 
soon  afterward  was  made  captain.  He 
eoinnianded  a  brigade  nearly  two  years,  in- 
cluding the  Atlanta  campaign;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. 

Rogers,  Henry  Darwin,  educator,  geolo- 
gist, author,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1808,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  professor  in  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1835-46;  and 
held  the  chair  of  natural  history  in  the 
Scottish  university  of  Glasgow  in  1857-66. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Geology  of  Penn- 
svlvania ;  and  Geological  Map  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  died  May  29,  1866,  near  Glas- 
gow,  Scotland 

Rogers,  Henry  H.,  capitalist,  donor,  was 
born  in  Fairhaven,  Mass.  He  is  one  of  the 
large  stockholders  and  vice-president  of  the 
Standard  oil  company.  He  is  president 
and  a  director  of  the  Amalgamated  copper 
company;  president  of  the  National  transit 
company ;  president  of  the  National  fuel 
gas  company;  president  of  the  New  York 
tiansit  company;  and  president  of  the 
Richmond  light  and  railroad  company.  He 
has  made  many  gifts  to  his  native  town, 
including   a   library,   town   hall   and  school. 

Rogers,  Henry  J.,  inventor,  was  born  in 
1811  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  devised  the 
code  of  signals  by  means  of  flags  that  is 
known  by  his  name,  which  was  adopted  by 
the  United  States  navy  in  1846,  and  modi- 
fied in  1861.  He  also  devised  a  code  of 
signals  by  means  of  colored  lights,  which 
was  tlie  first  pyrotechnic  system  invented. 
He   dieil    Aug.    20,    1879,   in   Baltimore,   Md. 

Rogers,  Henry  Wade,  educator,  lawyer, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  Oct.  10, 
1853,  in  Holland  Patent,  N.Y.  In  1874  he 
graduated  with  the  degree  of  A.B.  from 
the  univeresity  of  Michigan,  receiving  the 
degree  of  A.M.  in  1876;  and  in  1890  the 
honorary  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred 
upon  liini  by  the  Wesleyan  university  of 
Middh'town,  "Conn.  In  1883-85  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  law  and  in  1885-90  was  dean  of 
law  in  the  Michigan  university  law  school. 
In  1890-1900  he  was  president  of  the  North- 
western university  of  Evanston,  111.  In 
1900-03  he  was  professor  of  law  in  Yale 
university  law  school ;  and  since  1903  has 
been   dean  of  Yale  law   school.     In   1906-07 


he  was  president  of  the  association  of 
American  law  schools.  He  is  the  author  of 
Expert  Testimony;  and  joint  author  of  Two 
Centuries  of  American  Law. 

Rogers,  Horatio,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
wu^  born  ;\iay  18.  1836,  in  Providence,  R.I. 
In  1864-07  and  1888-89  he  was  a  member 
of  the  general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island. 
In  1891-1900  he  was  associate  justice  of 
the  suj)reme  court  of  Rhode  Island.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Private  Libraries  of 
I'rovidence;  Mary  Uyer  of  Rhode  Island, 
the  Quaker  ^lartyr;  and  edited  Hadden's 
Journal  and  Orderly  Books.  He  died  in 
1904   in   Providence,  'R.I. 

Rogers,  Isaiah,  architect,  designer,  was 
born  Aug.  17,  1800,  in  Marshfield,  ]\Iass. 
He  designed  and  built  the  Merchant's  ex- 
change.  and  the  Howard  athenaeum  in  Bos- 
ton, JIass. ;  and  the  Merchant's  exchange. 
Bank  of  America,  and  the  Astor  place 
opera  house  in  New  York  City.  In  1862-65 
he  was  supervising  architect  of  the  United 
States  treasury  department  of  Washington. 
D.C.  He  died  April  13,  1869,  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio. 

Rogers,  James,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  South  Carolina.  In  1835-37  and 
1839-43  he  was  a  representative  from  Soulh 
Carolina  to  the  twenty-fourth,  twenty-sixth 
and  twenty-seventh  congressees.  He  died  in 
South  Carolina. 

Rogers,  James  Clarence,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in 
the  forty-third  regiment  New  York  infan- 
try; and  in.  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  in  1865.  He  died  Feb.  10, 
1907,   in  Sandy  Hill,  N.Y. 

Rogers,  James  Harris,  electrician,  invent- 
or, was  born  July  13,  1850,  in  Franklin, 
Tenn.  In  1877-83  he  was  electrician  at  tiie 
United  States  capitol  in  Washington,  D.C. 
He  was  the  inventor  of  the  secret  tele- 
phone that  was  sold  in  New  York  for 
eighty  thousand  dollars;  also  of  the  na- 
tional improved  telephone,  and  of  the  pan- 
electric  system.  He  has  lately  devised 
what  he   calls   visual   synchronism. 

Rogers,  James  Hotchkiss,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  Feb.  7,  1857,  in  Fair  Haven, 
Conn.  He  is  a  successful  nuisician  of  Cleve- 
land, Ohio;  and  the  author  of  a  number 
of  songs  and  compositions,  some  of  which 
are  Love  is  a  Sickness;  Once  I  Loved  a 
Maiden    Fair;    and    The    Complacent   Lover. 

Rogers,  James  Webb,  soldier,  clergyman, 
lawyer,  author,  poet,  was  born  July  11, 
1822,  in  Hillsborough,  N.C.  During  the  civil 
v.ar  he  was  a  confederate  officer.  He  be- 
came a  Roman  catholic  in  1878;  and  settled 
in  Washington  as  a  lawyer.  He  was  the 
author  of  Lafitte,  or  the  Greek  Slave;  Ar- 
lington, and  Other  Poems;  and  Parthenon. 
He   died   Jan.  2.   1896,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Rogers,  John,  educator,  college  president, 
was   born    in   January   in    1631   in   England. 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


49 


III  1C82-84  lie  was  presidt-nt  of  Harvard 
college.  He  died  July  2,  1(584,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass. 

Rogers,  John,  founder  of  a  sect,  was  born 
III  Iti-IS  in  New  J^ondon,  Conn.  He  beeame 
ii  dissenter  from  tiie  Congregational  churcli, 
and  having  gained  a  few  disciples,  founded  a 
i^ect  whose  members  were  called  Rogerenes, 
and  also  Kogerene  IJaptists  or  Quakers.  He 
wrote  many  books  on  tiieology,  including 
'I'lie  Midniglit  Cry.  He  died  in  1721.  in  New 
I  (indon.  C'jiin. 

Rogers,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
.Maryland.  In  1775-70  he  was  a  delegate 
from  ^Maryland  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  was  chancellor  of  the  state  in  1778-89. 
lie    died    Sept.   2.3.    178!),   in    Annapolis,   Md. 

Rogers,  John,  merchant,  manufacturer, 
longiessnian,  was  born  May  !),  1813,  in 
Caldwell,  X.Y.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  repre- 
M'litative  from  New  York  to  the  forty-sec- 
<Mid  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in 
l!lark    Bnu.k.   X.Y. 

Rogers,  Join,  .sculptor,  artist,  was  born 
Oct.  :UK  1S2!I.  in  Salem,  Mass.  In  1863  he 
became  a  member  of  tiie  National  academy 
of  design.  He  is  modeler  of  the  famed 
Rogers'  groups  which  he  began  as  illustra- 
tions of  the  civil  war.  He  died  in  11)04  in 
New   Canaan,  Conn. 

Rogers,  John  C,  physician,  surgeon,  leg- 
islator, wa.s  born  ^larcli  20,  ISSo,  in  Ire- 
land. During  the  civil  war  he  served  in 
tiie  army  as  assistant  surgeon;  and  since 
lS(!(i  has  practiced  medicine  in  Pembroke, 
Maine.  In  ISOO  he  was  elected  to  the  state 
xiiate  of   Maine. 

Rogers,  John  Jacob,  congressman,  lawyer, 
was  born  Aw^.  18,  1881,  in  Lowell.  Mass. 
In  I'.M.'M.")  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massacl.usctts    to    the    si.xty-third   congress. 

Rogers,   John  Rankin,   merchant,  journal- 
ist, governor,  author,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1838, 
ill    IJrunswick,   Maine    lb-    was    educated   in 
_  his      native      t  o  w  n, 

learned  the  drug 
business  in  Boston 
and  followed  it  for 
some  years  in  Missis- 
sippi and  Maine.  He 
engaged  in  farming  in 
Iowa  and  Kansas, 
and  held  several  jiub- 
lic  oMices  in  the  lat- 
ter state,  .serving  as 
a  commissioner  of 
Harvey  county  for 
some  years.  He  es- 
ishcd  and  was  editor  for  three  years 
"I  the  K'aiisa.H  Commoner,  now  published  at 
U'ichita.  He  moved  to  Washington  in 
1S!)(I,  locating  at  I'uyallup.  He  was  a  niem- 
l.rr  of  tiic  fourth  legislature  as  a  rejire- 
s-fiitativi-  from  Pierce  county,  and  took  a 
very  active  interest  in  legislation  pertain- 
ing to  education,  coal  mining  and  taxation. 
In  18!t7-in()2  he  was  the  third  governor  of 
Wa.shington.      He    was    the    author    of    the 


l:i 


measure  familiarly  known  as  the  barefoot 
schoolboy  law,  and  it  was  due  chiefly  to  his 
( nergetic  efforts  that  tiie  bill  was  enacted 
j'.fter  a  memorable  contest.  He  died  Dec. 
iJC,    PKMt.   ill   Puyallup,   Wash. 

Rogers,  John  Henry,  soldier,  lawj-er,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  9,  1845,  in 
liertie  county.  N.C.  He  served  in  the  con- 
federate army  in 
1802-65 ;  and  became 
first  lieutenant.  In 
1877-82  he  was  cir- 
cuit judge;  and  in 
1883-1900  he  was  a 
rejiresentative  from 
Arkansas  to  the  for- 
ty-eighth, forty-ninth* 
fi'ftieth  and  lifty-lirst 
congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. In  1896-1900 
he  was  United  States 
judge  for  the  western 
district  of  Arkansas. 

Rogers,  Joseph  Morgan,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  9,  1861,  in  Decatur, 
Ohio.  Since  1889  with  the  exception  of 
two  years  he  has  been  on  the  staff  of  the 
Philadelphia  Inquirer.  He  is  the  author  of 
History  of  the  United  States;  The  True 
Henry  Clay;  Life  of  Thomas  H.  Benton; 
.ind  Development  of  the  North  Since  the 
Civil    War. 

Rogers,  Julia  Ellen,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  21,  1866,  in  La  Salle  county,  111. 
In  1897-1903  she  was  engaged  as  an  in- 
structor in  nature  study  in  the  summer 
schools.  She  is  the  author  of  Among  Green 
Trees;  The  Tree  Book;  and  The  Shell 
Book. 

Rogers,  Lebbeus  Harding,  explorer,  manu- 
lacturer,    inventor,   author,   was   born   July 
26,    1847,   in    Cincinnati,   Ohio;    and    is    the 
son  of  Hiram  and  Cordelia  Harding  Rogers. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  and  private 
schools  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio;   and  graduated 
from   Woodward   college   of   that   city.     He 
is   president   and   director   of   several   busi- 
ness corporations;  is  president  of  the  meth- 
odist  social  union  of  New  York  City;   and 
an   officer,  trustee   and   director   of   several 
societies  in  New  York  City.    He  is  a  mem- 
ber  of   the   Author's,   Explorer's   and   Law- 
yer's   clubs;    a    member   of    the    society    of 
American    authors;    and   a   member   of'  the 
iMetropolitan  museum  of  art.     He  explored 
the    North    Forks    of    the    Humboldt,    the 
cave    dwellings    of    New    Mexico,    and    the 
Black   Hills;   and   is  the  inventor  of  forty- 
four    patents.      He    is    the    author    of    The 
Kite  Trust;    and   The  Temples  of   Picstum. 
Rogers,   Moses,   pioneer,  steam   navigator. 
was   born   in  Scptcinber,   1780,  in  New  Lon- 
don, Conn.     He  was  associated  with  Robert 
Pulton   in   his  exiieriments.     He  had  charge 
(if    the    Phienix    in    her    voyage    from    New 
^'ork    to    Philadrlphia.   which    was   the   first 
trip   that   was  ever  made  on   the  ocean  by 
a     steam    vessel.      Subsequently     he     com- 
manded  the  first  steamer  that  went   from 


50 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Charleston  to  Savannah.     He  died  Sept.  15, 
1822,   in  Cheraw,   S.C. 

Rogers,  Nathaniel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1598,  in  England.  In  1637  he  was 
a  member  of  the  synod  that  met  in  Cam- 
bridge to  settle  tiie  Antinomian  contro- 
versy. In  1638-55  he  was  pastor  at  Ips- 
wich, Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  a  let- 
ter on  the  Cause  of  God's  Wrath  against 
the  Jyatior.  He  died  July  3,  1655,  in  Ips- 
wich, Mass. 

Rogers,  Nathaniel,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  1788,  in  Bridgehampton,  L.T.  He 
took  high  rank  as  a  painter  of  miniatures. 
Among  these  were  admirable  portraits  of 
the  friends  and  literary  partners.  Fitz- 
Greene  Halleck  and  Joseph  Rodman  Drake. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Na- 
tional academy  in  New  York  City.  He 
died  Dec.   6,    1844,   in  New  York   City. 

Rogers,  Nathaniel  Peabody,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  June  3,  1794,  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.H.  In  1838  he  established  the 
Herald  of  Freedom  of  Concord,  N.H.,  one 
of  the  pioneer  anti-slavery  papers  in  the 
Ignited  States.  He  wrote  for  the  New 
York  Tribune  over  the  signature  The  Old 
Man  of  the  Mountains.  His  fugitive  writ- 
ings were  published  in  1847.  He  died  Oct. 
18,    1846,  in  Concord,  N.  H. 

Rogers,  Randolph,  sculptor,  artist,  was 
born  July  6,  1825,  in  Auburn,  N.Y.  He 
opened  a  studio  in  New  York,  where  he 
remained  until  1855.  One  of  his  best- 
known  works,  the  bas-reliefs  on  the  doors 
of  the  capitol  at  Washington,  representing 
scenes  in  the  life  of  Columbus,  was  de- 
signed in  1858,  and  cast  in  bronze  at  Mu- 
nich. In  1861  he  completed  the  Washing- 
ton moniunent  at  Richmond,  which  had 
been  left  unfinished  by  Thomas  Crawford. 
He  died  Jan.    15,    1892*^   in  Rome,   Italy. 

Rogers,  Robert  Cameron,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  7,  1862,  in  Bull'alo,  N. 
Y.  He  is  editor  of  the  Santa  Barbara 
Morning  Press.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Wind  in  the  Clearing,  and  Other  Poems; 
Will  of  the  Wasp,  a  yarn  of  the  War  of 
1812;  and  The  Rosary  and  Other  Poems; 
and  Old  Dorset,  a  collection  of  short  stories. 

Rogers,  Robert  William,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1864,  in 
I'hiladelphia,  Pa.  He  is  a  methodist  cler- 
gyman and  professor  of  Hebrew  in  Drew 
theological  seminary  since  1893.  He  is  the 
author  of  Two  Texts  of  Esarhaddon;  Un- 
published Inscriptions  of  Esarhaddon;  The 
Inscriptions  of  Sennacherib;  and  A  History 
of  Babylonia  and  Assyria,  in  two  volumes. 
Rogers,  Sherman  S.,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, was  born  April  16,  1830,  in  Bath.  N.Y. 
He  was  twice  president  of  the  state  bar  as- 
sociation; and  in  1876  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  state  senate.  In  1876  he  was 
a  republican  candidate  for  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  New  York.  He  died  in  1900  in 
Bull'alo,  N.Y. 
Rogers,  Sion  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 


man, was  born  Sept.  30,  1825,  in  Wake 
county,  N.C.  In  1853-55  and  1871-73  he 
was  a  representative  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  thirty-third  and  forty-second  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat;  and  was  elected  to 
the  legislature  of  North  Carolina  in  1860. 
He  served  in  the  confederate  army  as  colo- 
nel of  the  forty-seventh  North  Carolina 
regiment.  He  was  attorney-general  of 
North  Carolina  in  1862-68.  He  died  Aug. 
14,   1874,  in  Raleigh,  N.C. 

Rogers,  Theodore,  banker,  financier,  was 
born  Oct.  10,  1831,  Jamaica,  N.Y.  In  1850 
he  was  discount  clerk  of  the  American  ex- 
cliange  bank;  and  in  1871  he  became  a 
cashier  in  the  bank  of  the  Metropolis;  and 
in    1894   was   president   of  that   bank. 

Rogers,  Thomas  J.,  journalist,  congress- 
uuin,  author,  was  born  in  1781  in  Ireland. 
L.  1817-25  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsj'lvania  to  the  fifteenth,  sixteenth, 
seventeenth  and  eigiitecnth  congresses.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  New  American  Bio- 
graphical Dictionary;  or  Remembrancer  of 
the  Departed  Heroes,  Sages,  and  Statesmen 
of  America.  He  died  Dec.  7,  1832,  in  New 
\'ork  City. 

Rogers,  William,  educator,  clergyman, 
was  born  -Uily  22,  1751,  in  Newport,  R.I. 
In  1789  he  was  chosen  professor  of  oratory 
and  English  literature  in  the  college  of 
Philadelphia;  and  in  1792-1811  to  the  same 
post  in  its  successor,  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  died  April  7,  1824,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Rogers,  William  Allen,  artist,  author,  was 
born  May  23,  1854,  in  Springfield,  Ohio. 
For  two  years  he  was  political  cartoonist 
for  Life.  He  is  now  cartoonist  for  Harper's 
Wfekly  and  the  New  York  Herald.  He  is 
the  author  of  Hits  at  Politics. 

Rogers,  William  Augustus,  astronomer, 
educator,  was  born  Nov.  13,  1832,  in  Wa- 
terford,  Conn.  The  observatory  at  Alfred 
was  built  and  equipped  by  him.  In  1870 
he  was  appointed  assistant  in  the  Harvaixl 
observatory;  and  he  became  in  1877  assist- 
ant professor  of  astronomy.  In  1886  he 
was  called  to  the  chair  of  astronomy  aiid 
plivsics  at  Colby  univei'sity.  He  died 
March,    1898,   Waterville,  Maine. 

Rogers,  William  Banks,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Dec.  7, 
1857,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In  1890  he  was 
ordained  to  the  Roman  catholic  priesthood, 
ill  iS98-1900  lie  was  president  of  Marquette 
college  of  St.  Louis;  and  since  1900  has 
been  president  of  the  St.  Louis  university. 
Rogers,  William  Barton,  scientist,  col- 
lege presideiii,  author,  was  born  Dec.  7, 
1804,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  an  emi- 
nent scientist  of  Boston,  the  founder  of  the 
Ma.sachusetts  institute  of  technology  in 
.  1862.  and  its  president  in  1862-70,  and 
again  in  1878-81.  He  was  the  author  of 
Tlu'  Geology  of  the  Virginias;  Elements  of 
Mechanical"  Philosophy;    and   The   Strength 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


51 


of    .Materials.      He   died    .Alay    30,    1882,    in 
Boston.  Mass. 

Rogers,  William  Findlay,  soldier,  con- 
gri'^siii:i;i.  was  born  .Marcii  1.  1820,  in 
Nortliainpton  county.  Pa.  In  18(54  ho  was 
apixiintcd  provost  marshal  of  tiie  thirtieth 
district  of  New  York.  He  was  elected 
comptroller  of  the  city  of  Buflalo  in  18G0, 
and  mayor  in  1868.  He  was  appointed 
inajor-j,'eneral  of  the  fourth  division  na- 
tional {iuard;  and  in  1883-85  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  forty- 
eiglith  congress.  He  died  Dec.  16,  1899,  in 
BuMaln.    NY. 

Rogers,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  public 
olticial.  political  economist,  was  born  Ylarcli 
15,  1850,  in  .Mt.  Morris.  N.Y.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Marshall  academy  of  Wiscon- 
sin; in  1875  graduated  from  the  liteiary 
department  of  the  Wisconsin  state  univer- 
sity; and  in  1876  graduated  from  its  law 
department.  He  .soon  attained  success  in 
the  practice  of  law;  was  elected  district  at- 
torney for  Dane  county,  \Vis. ;  and  was  sub- 
sequently elected  alderman  and  jjresident 
of  the  city  council  of  Madison,  Wis.  He 
served  two  terms  as  mayor  of  Madison, 
Wis.:  and  was  appointed  assistant  United 
States  attorney  under  President  Cleveland's 
first  administration.  He  now  practices  law 
in  San  Jose,  ('al.;  and  is  one  of  the  vice- 
presidents  of  the  anti-imperialist  league  for 
California. 

Rogers,  William  Oscar,  soldier,  journalist, 
educator,  was  born  April  12.  1825.  in  New 
York  City.  In  1801-05  lie  served  in  the 
confederate  states  army  as  a  captain.  In 
1870-75  he  was  president  of  the  Sylve.ster- 
Larned  institute.  He  was  one  of  the  fifteen 
administrators  to  establish  Tulane  univer- 
sity; in  1884-1001  was  secretary  and  treas- 
urer; and  in  1899-1900  was  acting  presi- 
dent of  that  institution. 

Rogers,  William  Pennock,  soldier,  was 
ixirn  April  10.  1S42.  in  Hartford  county. 
.\ld.  In  1802  he  enlisted  in  the  ci\il  war; 
and  in  1806  he  was  appointed  to  the  forty- 
fourth  Inited  States  infantry.  In  1902  he 
was  |)ronu)ted  colonel ;  and  in  1903  was  re- 
tired   with    the   raid<   of  brigadier-general. 

Rhode,  John  Martin,  educator,  clergyman, 
niitlior.  was  itorn  Dec.  28,  1S52,  in  St. 
!.oui>.    Mo.      lie    graduated    from    the    Cen- 

. tral    Wesleyan    college 

of  Warrenton,  Mo., 
and  initnediately  be- 
gan educational  work. 
In  1881  he  ent.-red 
the  St.  Ivouis  (ierman 
Methodist  Kpiseojjiil 
conference,  and  has 
lilled  |>astorates  in 
.Mfuint  \ernon.  Bland, 
.\lorri.sf)n.  I'inckney, 
and  Steinhagen.  .Mo. 
lie  is  a  mend)er  of  the 
board  of  trnst«'es  of 
the   Ceniral    Wesleyan  college;    and   the   au- 


thor of  The  Joy   of   Prayer,   a   work  on   de- 
votion,  now   in   its   third  edition. 

Rohe,  Charles  Henry,  clergyman,  author, 
poei.-was  born  -May  20,  1840,  in  Syracuse, 
N.Y,  In  1882  he  became  pastor  of  the 
Trinity  Lutheran  church  of  Cohunbus.  Ohio. 
He  was  the  author  of  several  novels  and 
stories;  and  two  volumes  of  poems.  He 
died  in  Cnlumlius.  Ohio. 

Rohe,  George  Henry,  physician,  author, 
was  i)oi-n  Jan.  26,  1851,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  1800-91  he  was  commissioner  of  hoaith  in 
Baltimore,  He  was  superintendent  of  the 
-Maryland  state  hospital  for  tlie  insane.  He 
was  autlior  of  Textbook  of  Hygiene:  Man- 
ual of  Skin  Diseases;  Annual,  Universal 
and  Medical  Sciences;  and  Electricity  in 
-Medicine  and  Surgery.  He  died  in  189!),  in 
Sykesville.   Md. 

Rohlfs,  Mrs.  Anna  Katharine  Green,  au- 
tlior, poet,  was  born  Nov.  11.  1846,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y,  She  is  tlie  author  of  The 
Sword  of  Damocles;  The  Leavenworth 
Case;  A  Strange  Disa])pearance;  Hand  and 
Ring;  Th?  IMill  Mystery;  Behind  Closed 
Doors:  Cynthia  Wakehani's  Money; 
-Marked  Personal;  iliss  Hurd;  An  Enigma; 
Dr.  Izard;  Old  Stone  House,  and  Other 
Stories;  7  to  12;  X,  Y,  Z;  The  Doctor,  His 
Wife,  and  the  Clock;  That  Affair  Next 
Door;  Risin's  Daughter.  A  Drama;  The  De- 
fense of  the  Bride,  and  Other  Poems;  The 
Chief   Legatee:    and  The  Mayor's  Wife, 

Rohles,  Charles,  actor,  designer,  was  born 
in  Eeinuary,  1853.  in  New  York  City.  In 
1889  he  commenced  making  furniture  and 
finally  developed  a  new  and  distinctive 
style,  known  as  the  Rohlfs  furniture,  with 
patronage  in  the  L'nited  States  and  Europe. 

Rohrbacher,  Phillipp,  engineer,  business 
man.  was  born  Jan.  30,  1838,  in  Germany. 
In  1853  he  crossed  the  plains  to  California, 
and  became  chief  engineer  of  tlie  Stockton 
lire  department.  He  was  the  president  of 
the  L'nited  States  Brewing  company  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  and  president  of  tlie  Royal 
Eagle  Distilleries  company  of  San  Francisco 
and  Owensboro,  Ky.  lie  was  supreme  arch 
of  the  United  States  l'nited  Ancient  Order 
of  Druids  at  the  time  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  on  April  25,  1897,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco,  Cal. 

Rohrer,  Jacob  J.,  educator,  farmer,  state 
legislator,  was  Imhu  Dec.  6.  1853.  in  Stark 
county,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  the  jiub- 
lif  schools  of  Smithville,  Ohio.  For  many 
years  he  was  engaged  in  educational  work; 
and  became  a  successful  farmer  of  Friend. 
.\el).  He  has  been  mayor  of  Friend.  Neb.; 
and  lii's  filled  various  other  positions  of 
tru-!t  and  honor.  Since  1004  he  has  been 
a  representative  in  the  Xebraska  state  h-g- 
islature. 

Rolapp,  Henry  H.,  Iawy(>r,  jurist,  was 
born  March  22.  ISOd.  in  (iermany.  In 
1884-95  lie  practiced  law  in  Ogden.  Utah; 
and  in  1887-01  was  assistant  county  attor- 
ney for  Weber  country,  I'tah.     In   l895-9(i  he 


52 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


educator,    geolo- 


Aiiing- 


wa&  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Utali  territory;  and  in  1890-1905  was 
circuit  judge. 

Rolfe,    Charles    Wesley, 

gist,  was  born  April  17,  1850,  in 
ton  Heights,  111.  He  received  his  educa- 
tion in  Dundee  and  in  Oswego,  N.Y. ;  and 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Illinois, 
from  which  institution  he  has  received  the 
degrees  of  B.S.  and  M.S.  In  1872-73  he 
was  instructor  of  science  in  the  university 
of  Illinois;  and  in  1873-74  was  principal  of 
scJiools  at  Sidney,  111.  In  1874-76  he  was 
professor  of  sciences  in  the  Jenning*  sem- 
inary of  Aurora,  111.;  in  1870-77  was  prin- 
c  pal  of  schools  at  Waterman,  111.,  and  in 
1877-81  was  superintendent  of  schools  of 
Kankakee,  111.  In  1881-83  he  was  in  the 
preparatory  department  of  the  university 
of  Illinois;  and  since  1883  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  geology  in  that   institution. 

Rolfe,  Henry  Winchester,  educator,  au- 
thor. Since  1900  he  has  been  an  associate 
professor  of  Greek  at  the  Stanford  univer- 
sity. He  is  the  author  of  Petrarch,  the 
First  Modern  Scholar;   and  Man  of  Letters. 

Rolfe,  John,  colonist,  was  born  in  1585 
in  England.  He  has  the  distinction  of  hav- 
ing been,  in  1012,.  the  first  Englishman  to 
introduce  the  cultivation  of  tobacco  in  Vir- 
ginia. In  1610-17  he  was  in  England  with 
iiis  Indian  bride,  and  had  by  her  a 
son  named  Thomas.  Pocahontas  was 
royally  received  in  London  and  mingled 
with  the  notables,  and,  although  reluctant 
to  return  to  Virginia,  pined  under  an  Eng- 
lish sky,  and  died  at  C4ravesend  on  March 
21,  1017.  "Rolfe  returned  to  Virginia,  where 
he  became  a  member  of  the  first  Virginia 
council   in    1619.     He   died   in    1622   in   Vir- 


Rolfe,  John  Carew,  educator,  autlior,  was 
born  Oct.  15,  1859,  in  Lawrence,  Mass.  In 
1894-1902  he  was  professor  of  Latin  in  the 
university  of  Michigan;  and  since  1902  has 
been  a  professor  of  the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania. He  is  the  editor  of  the  Heauton 
Timorumenos  of  Terence;  and  other  class- 
ical works. 

Rolfe,  William  James,  scholar,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1827,  in  New- 
buryport,     Mass.       He     is    a    distinguished 

Shakespearean  schol- 
ar and  educator  of 
Cambridge.  He  is 
the  author  of  Shakes- 
jieare  the  Boy;  Life 
of  Shakespeare;  two 
complete  annotated 
editions  of  Shakes- 
])eare,  in  forty  vol- 
umes; two  editions  of 
Tennyson ;  a  complete 
0  1  i  t  i  o  n  of  Scott's 
Poeni.s ;  and  a  series 
of  annotated  editions 
of  selections  from  Tennyson,  Browning, 
Wordsworth,    Gray,    Goldsmith,    Scott,    and 


other  English  poets.  He  has  also  edited 
Craik's  Engli^di  of  Shakespeare;  and  other 
works. 

Rollins,  Mrs.  Alice  Marland,  author,  poet, 
w;-is  born  June  12,  1847,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
She  was  tlie  aiithor  of  My  Welcome  Be- 
yond, and  Other  Poems ;  The  Ring  of  Ame- 
thyst, and  Other  Poems;  The  Story  of  a 
Ranch;  All  Sorts  of  Children;  The  Three 
Tetons ;  From  Palm  to  Gla  cier ;  and  Uncle 
Tom's  Tenement,  a  study  of  New  York  tene- 
ment-house life.  She  died  Dec.  &,  1897,  in 
Bronxville,  N.Y. 

Rollins,  Mrs.  Clara  Sherwood,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1874,  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  She  is  a  Boston  writer  of  short 
stor"es.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Burne 
Jones   Head;   and  Threads   of  Life. 

Rollins,  Charles  Leonard,  builder,  astron- 
omer. jHiilosopher,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1856, 
in  Carlton,  N.Y.     In  1877-78  he  was  a  stu- 


dent 
eniy. 


company 
houses. 


at  Albion  acad- 
In  1882-88  he 
was  a  contractor  and 
builder  of  Albion,  N. 
Y.;  and  in  1888 
moved  to  Buflalo,  N. 
Y.  He  built  the 
Pierce  invalids'  hotel 
and  the  W^orld's  dis- 
pensary of  Buffalo, 
N.Y.  Since  1902  he 
has  been  general  man- 
ager of  the  Pixley 
land  improvement 
and  has  built  two  thousand 
He  is  the  author  of  Theories  Re- 
garding Light,  Heat,  Magnetic  Forces  and 
(ieneral  Physics,  which  he  has  expounded 
before  the  International  progressive  league 
at   Bufialo.  N.Y. 

Rollins,  Daniel  G.,  lawyer,  was  born  Oct. 
18.  1842,  in  Great  Falls,  N.Y.  He  was 
assistant  United  States  attorney  for  the 
southern  district  of  New  York  in  1860-69; 
assistant  district  attorney  of  New  York 
county  in  1873-80;  then  district  attorney 
un+il  1882;  and  then  surrogate  of  the  coun- 
ty until  1888.  He  died  m  1897,  in  New 
York  county,  N.Y. 

Rollins,  Edward  Henry,  merchant,  con- 
gressman. United  States  senator,  was  born 
Oct.  3,  1824,  in  Rollinsford,  N.H.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  New  Hampshire  state  leg- 
islature in  1855-57,  serving  as  speaker  dur- 
ing the  last  two  years.  In  1801-07  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  to 
tile  thirty-seventh,  thirty-eighth  and  thirty- 
ninth  congresses.  He  was  elected  secretary 
of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad  company  in 
1869;  and  treasurer  in  1871.  In  1877-83  he 
was  ITnited  States  senator  from  New 
Hampshire.  His  portrait  hangs  in  the  new 
library  building  of  the  state  capitol.  He 
died  July  31,  1889,  on  the  Isle  of  Shoals, 
N.H. 

Rollins,  Mrs.  Ellen  Chapman,  author,  was 
born    April    30,    1831,    in    Wakefield,    N.H. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHV 


53 


She  was  tlir  author  of  New  Enghind  By- 
gones; and  Ohl-Tinu'  Cliihllife.  She  died 
May   29,    1881,   in   riiihuleli)hia,   Fa. 

Rollins,  Frank  West,  legislator,  banker, 
guNinior,  was  hum  I'Vh.  24,  18(50,  in  Con- 
cord, N.H.  He  was  educated  at  the  ^las- 
saohiisetts  institute  of  technology;  and  at 
the  Harvard  kiw  school,  lie  served  in  the 
New  Hampshire  state  senate  in  1895;  and 
was  made  presich-nt  of  that  body.  He  is 
a  successful  lawyer  and  hanker;  and  orig- 
inated the  old  liome  week  scheme  in  1898, 
which  has  since  spread  over  a  large  part  of 
the  country.  In  1899-1900  he  was  gover- 
nor of  Xew  Hampsliire.  He  is  head  of  tlie 
banking  house  of  E.  H.  Rollins  and  sons  of 
Boston,  Denver  and  San  Francisco.  His 
portrait  hangs  in  the  council  chamber  of 
the  state  liouse  at  the  state  capitol. 

Rollins,  James  Sidney,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  April  19,  1812, 
in  Richmond,  Ky.  In  1838-42  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Missouri  state  legislature. 
In  184l)-50  he  was  in  the  state  senate;  and 
in  1854  was  again  elected  to  the  legisla- 
ture. In  1861-05  he  was  a  representative 
from  Missouri  to  the  thirty-seventh  and 
thirty-eighth  congresses.  He  died  Jan.  1, 
1888,  near  Columbia,  Mo. 

Rollins,  Nathaniel,  soldier,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  born  Feb.  29,  1832,  in  St.  Al- 
bans, Maine.  During  the  civil  war  he  was 
a  captain  in  the  second  regiment  Wisconsin 
voiunteer  infantry.  In  1885  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  tlie  Colorado  legishiture;  and  has 
attained  prominence  in  that  state  as  an 
able  lawyer  of  Leadville.  In  1894  he  was 
elected  department  commander,  depart- 
ment of  Colorado  and  Wyoming,  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic.  During  his  term  of 
oHice  the  strike  and  serious  riots  of  Cripple 
Creek  occurred;  lu  inmediatel}'  issued  a 
circuhir  letter,  wiiicli  was  instrumental  in 
restraining  old  soldiers  from  taking  sides 
with  tlie  lawless  element ;  and  his  services 
caMed  forth  a  letter  of  approval  from  Gen- 
era! X.lson  A.  Miles.  He  died  Feb.  4,  1901, 
in    !j'ad\ille.    Cohj. 

Roman,  Alfred,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  horn  in  1824  in  St.  James' 
i'arish,  I. a.  in  1880-88  he  was  judge  of 
the  criminal  court  of  New  Orh'ans.  He 
vas  the  author  of  The  Military  Operations 
of  (Jeneral  Beauregiird.  He  died  Sept.  20, 
1892,  in  Xew  Orh'ans,  La. 

Roman,  Andrew  Bienvenu,  governor,  was 
born  Marcli  '>.  1795.  in  Oiidousas.  In  1818 
ill!  was  a  member  of  tlie  i^ouisiana  hduse  of 
representatives;  was  several  limes  re-elect- 
ed; and  for  four  years  was  speaker.  He 
became  parish  judge.  He  was  the  ninth 
goxornor  of  Louisiana  in  1830  34.  lie  died 
Jan.    2!i,    18()t). 

Roman,  J.  Dixon,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Maryland.  In  1847-49  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Maryland  to  tlie  thirtieth 
congress,   and   was  a  delegate  to   the   peace 


congress   of    18«1.      He   died   dan.    19,    1807, 
near  llagerstown.  ]\ld. 

Romans,  Bernard,  engineer,  author,  was 
born  about  1720  in  Holland.  He  served  in 
the  revolutionary  war  as  engineer.  He  was 
the  author  of  Concise  Natural  History  of 
East  and  West  Florida;  and  also  a  Map  of 
the  Seat  of   the   War.      He  died   about    1800. 

Rombauer,  Roderick  Emile,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, autlior,  was  born  ^lay  9,  1833,  in  Hun- 
gary. In  1801  he  was  captain  of  infantry 
in  tlie  United  States  volunteers.  In  1885- 
97  lie  M'as  presiding  judge  of  the  St.  Louis 
court  of  appeals.  For  several  years  he  was 
professor  of  law  and  equity  at  the  Wash- 
ington university  of  St.  Louis,  iMo.  In 
1870-73  he  was  president  of  the  law  library 
association  of  St.  Louis.  He  is  tlie  author 
of  The  History  of  A  Life. 

Romeis,  Jacob,  business  man,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dee.  1,  1G35,  in  (ierniany. 
In  1874  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
board  of  aldermen  of  Toledo,  Ohio,  and  was 
re-elected  in  1870.  He  was  president  of  the 
board  in  1877;  and  in  1879  was  elected 
mavor  of  tlie  city,  and  was  re-elected  in 
1881  and  1883.  In  1885-89  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  forty-ninth 
and  hftieth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died  in   1904  in  Toledo,  Ohio. 

Romero,  Trinidad,  lawyer,  jurist,  legis- 
hitt)r,  congressman,  was  born  June  15,  1835, 
in  Santa  Fe,  N.M.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  territorial  legislature  in  18(i3. 
He  was  elected  probate  judge  of  San  Mi- 
guel county  in  1867;  and  in  1877-79  he  was 
a  delegat.e  from  New  Mexico  to  tlie  forty- 
lift  !i   congress  as  a  republican. 

Romeyn,  James,  clergyman,  author,  was 
l)orn  in  1797  in  Greenbush,  N.Y.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  The  Crisis,  a  sermon;  and  a 
Plea  for  the  Evangelical  Press.  He  died 
Sept.    7.    1859,   in   New  Brunswick. 

Romeyn,  James  Van  Campen,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1765,  in  Mini- 
sink,  N.Y.  In  1799-1834  he  was  pastor  of 
the  united  congregations  of  the  Dutch  re- 
f(nined  church  in  Hackensack  and  Schraal- 
enburgh,  N.J.  He  was  the  author  of  an 
Address  to  the  Students  of  the  Theological 
Seminary.  He  died  June  27.  1840.  in  llaek- 
eiisaek.  N..1. 

Romeyn,  Jeremiah,  clergyman,  linguist, 
was  born  Dee.  24.  17()8.  in  Woodstock,  N.Y. 
He  was  an  eminent  linguist;  and  in  1797- 
1818  was  professor  of  llebrew  in  the  Dutch 
reformed  church.  He  died  July  17,  1818, 
in   Woodstock,  N.  Y. 

Romeyn,  Theodore  Bayard,  elergytnan, 
author,  was  horn  t)et.  22,  1827,  in  Nassa\i, 
N.Y.  In  1850-65  he  was  ])aslor  of  the  re- 
formed Dnteli  church  in  Blaweiiburg.  N.J.; 
and  ill  18t»5-85  of  the  lirst  reformed  elnirch 
at  Hackensack.  He  was  the  avitlior  of  His- 
torical Discourse;  and  The  Adaptation  of 
the  Reformed  Church  in  .\merica  to  Amer- 
ican Character.  He  <lieil  -Aug.  29.  1885.  in 
Hackensack.  N.J. 


54 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Romeyn,  Theodoric,  clergyman,  founder, 
was  born  June  12,  1744,  in  Hadcensack,  N. 
J.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  acad- 
emy that  subsequently  became  Union  col- 
lege; and  in  1797-1804  was  professor  of 
theology  in  the  general  synod  of  the  re- 
formed Dutch  church.  He  died  April  10, 
1804,  in  Schenectady.   N.Y. 

Romney,  Carolina  Westcott,  educator, 
journalist,  inventor,  was  born  in  Clyde,  N. 
Y.  iShe  became  a  literary  editor  on  the 
Chicago  Times ;  and  subsequently  was  its 
tra\eling  correspondent.  She  has  published 
newspapers  of  her  own,  and  a  morning 
daily  in  Durango.  Col.  As  an  inventor  she 
received  ten  awards  from  the  World's  Col- 
umbian exposition  of  Chicago  in   1893. 

Ronaldson,  James,  manufacturer,  horti- 
culturist, was  born  about  1780  in  Scotland. 
He  was  one  of  the  largest  typefounders  in 
America.  He  was  also  an  extensive  horti- 
cultur!.st.  In  1S32  he  was  president  of  the 
l^ranklin  institution  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
laid  out  the  beautiful  cemetery  bearing  his 
nivHie  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  died  March 
31,   1841,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Ronayne,  Maurice,  clergyman,  educator, 
author,  was  born  m  1828.  in  Ireland.  He 
was  j^rofessor  of  history  at  St.  Francis  Xa- 
vier's  college.  He  was  the  author  of  Re- 
ligion and  Science;  and  C4od  Knowable  and 
Known.     He  died  in  1903  in  Xcw  York  City. 

Ronckendorff,  William,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Nov.  9,  1812,  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.  In 
1832  and  in  184.5  he  was  bearer  of  des- 
patches to  the  conunander-in-chief  of  the 
Pacilic  squadron,  with  which  he  served  dur- 
ing the  Mexican  war.  In  1861  he  took 
command  of  the  steamer  San  Jacinto,  with 
which  iic  was  present  in  Hampton  Roads  to 
iiglit  the  ]\Ierrimac,  and  participated  in  the 
attack  on  Sewell's  Point,  in  1802.  He  was 
commissioned  captain  in  1800,  and  was  at 
Philadeljihia  until  1870,  when  he  took 
charge  ol  the  iron-clads  at  New  Orleans  un- 
t'l  1872.  He  commanded  the  steamer  Can- 
andaigua  of  the  North  Atlantic  squadron, 
in  1872-73;  was  promoted  to  commodore  in 
1S74;  and  was  placed  on  the  retired  list 
in  1874  by  reason  of  his  age.  He  died  Nov. 
27.    isni.'in  New  York. 

Rondthaler,  Edward,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  0,  1817.  in  York,  Pa.  In 
18.")3-54  hv  was  ]iresident  of  Nazareth  Hall, 
Pennsylvania.  He  was  the  author  of  a  Life 
of  John  Heckewelder.  He  died  March  5, 
18").3.   in  Nazareth.  Pa. 

Rood,  Anson,  clergyman,  journalist,  ab- 
olitionist, was  born  Jan.  10,  1801,  near 
Burlington,  Vt.  In  1828-37  he  filled  a  pas- 
torate in  Danbury,  Conn.;  and  in  1837-47 
was  pastor  of  Coates  street  presbyterian 
church  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  sub- 
sequently engaged  in  literary  work;  and 
was  editor  of  the  only  republican  paper 
published    in    Philadel])hia.      He    died. 

Rood,  Henry  Edward,  editor,  author,  was 
born    June    20,    1807,    in    Philadelphia,    Pa. 


He  is  assistant  editor  of  Harper's  Maga- 
zine of  New  York  City.  lie  is  the  author 
of  Hardwicke;  and  In  Pastures  New;  and 
111   Camp  at  Bear  Pond. 

Rood,  John  Romain,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  July  9,  1808,  in  Lapeer,  Mich.  In 
1891-97    he    practiced    law    at    Marquettte, 

Mich.;  and  since  1898 
has   been   law   teacher 
at    the    university    of 
HHBi^  jk^^h    Michigan.     He  is   the 

BBiJP  -  iHS^H    i^ulhor    of    Law    Gar- 

Wfe^    VSS^I    nishment ;         Common 
^^^^^    Remedial      Processes: 
Attacliments,  Gar- 

nisl  inents,  Judg- 

ments ;  Executions, 
Wiils  Including  Cau- 
sa Mortis  Gifts,  De- 
scent, Distribution, 
and  Administration; 
A  Digest  of  Leading  Cases  on  the  Law  of 
C  rinses;  and  Leading  Cases  on  the  Law  of 
I'-states    in    Lainl. 

Rood,  Ogden  Nicholas,  physicist,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1831,  in  Dan- 
bury,  Conn.  He  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college;  studied  at  the  Sheffield  school 
of  New  Haven,  Conn.;  and  at  the  universi- 
ties of  .Munich  and  Berlin.  He  is  a  physi- 
cist of  note;  for  many  years  was  a  profes- 
sor of  physics  at  Columbia  college.  He  was 
the  author  of  jNlodern  Chromatics;  and 
seventy  hve  original  researches  published  in 
American  and  foreign  journals.  He  died 
in   1902  in  New  York  City. 

Rood,  William  Herman,  soldier,  public 
official,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1848,  in  Rock 
county.  \Vis.  He  received  his  education  in 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  state.  In 
1871  he  moved  to  Nebraska;  and  is  a  suc- 
cessful carpenter  and  farmer  of  North 
Loup,  Neb.  He  has  been  a  justice  of  the 
peace,  was  township  clerk  for  four  years; 
township  treasurer  for  five  years;  and  has 
filled  various  other  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  served  with  distinction  as  a  sol- 
dier in  company  G,  thirty-seventh  regiment 
Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry;  and  partici- 
pated in  numerous  battles  and  skirmishes. 
Since  1882  he  has  been  a  member  of  Lom- 
bard Post  No.  57,  Grand  Army  of  the  Re- 
pubrc. 

Rooker,  Frederick  Zadok,  clergyman,  was 
i)orn  Sept.  19,  1801,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1889-93  he  was  vice-rector  of  the  American 
college;  and  was  secretary  to  the  Roman 
catholic  apostolic  delegation.  He  died  in 
1907   in   the  Philippine  Islands. 

Roome,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1802  he  was  colonel  in  the  thir- 
ty-seventh regiment  New  York  state  mili- 
tia; and  in  1805  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
g;'neral  of  volunteers.  He  died  June  28, 
1890,  in  New  York  City. 

Rook,  Charles  Alexander,  journalist,  pub- 
lisher, president,  was  born  Aug.  11,  ISGl,  in 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


55 


Pittsburgh,    Pa.;    and   is  a   son   of  the   late 

Al'.'xander  \V.  Rook, 
part  owner  of  tlie 
Pittsburgh  J3ispa?ch. 
Upon  the  deatli  of  his 
father  in  1S80,  Charles 
Alexander  Rook  en- 
tered the  office  of  the 
Pittsburg  Dispatch, 
and  became  collector, 
advertising  clerk,  cir- 
culation bookkeeper 
and  cashier.  In  1888 
he  was  elected  secre- 
taij';  became  treas- 
urer and  business  manager  in  189G;  and  in 
19(.;2  secured  control  of  tiie  Dispatch  pub- 
lishing cc-nipany;  and  has  since  been  presi- 
dent and  editor-in-chief  of  the  Pittsburg 
Dis])at<'h. 

Rooney,  John  Jerome,  journalist,  finan- 
cier, poet,  was  born  March  19.  180(5,  in 
IJingliam'ion,  N.Y.  He  is  a  broker  of  New 
Jfork  City.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Men 
Pchinrt  the  Ouns,  a  volume  of  poems. 

Roop,  Hervin  Ulysses,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Nov.  16,  1868,  in  High- 
s])ire.  Pa.  For  two  years  he  was  state  su- 
perintendent. He  taught  in  the  public 
scliools;  taught  in  the  state  normal  school 
and  in  the  Rittenhouse  academy  of  Phila- 
delphia. Pa.;  and  since  1897  has  been  pres- 
ident of  the  Lebanon  Valley  college  at  Ann- 
vilJc,   Pa. 

Roorbach,  Orville,  Augustus,  journalist, 
auliior,  was  born  .Ian.  20.  ISO."},  in  Red 
Hook.  N.Y.  He  published  Bibliotheca 
Americana  in  1820-61.  He  died  June  21, 
1861,   in   SchcjH'ciady,  N.Y. 

Roosa,  Daniel  Bennett  St.  John,  educator, 
piivsician,  surgron,  author,  was  born  April 
4,  1838.  in  Bethel,  N.Y.  He  is  president  of 
the  New  York  post-graduate  medical 
.school:  and  is  professor  of  diseases  of  the 
eye  and  ear.  lie  is  the  author  of  The  Old 
Hospital  and  Other  Papers;  A  Pocket  Med- 
ical Lexicon:  and  nu'dical  Monographs.  He 
died   March    8.    1008;    in  New   York   City. 

Roose  Franklin  F.,  educator,  autlior,  was 
born  .Inly  3,  18.').'),  in  Moline,  111.  He  was 
educated  in  tlie  Rock  Island  public  schools; 

lliiaois  Wcsleyan 

luiiversity;  Oem  City 
business  college;  and 
McKendrcf  universi- 
ty. In  ISS4  be  found- 
ed tlie  Lincoln  busi- 
ness c(dlege,  Neliras- 
ka;  and  in  1891 
founded  till'  Lincoln 
normal  uniNcrsity. 

the  construction  of 
which  cost  one  liuii- 
dred  and  fifty  thou- 
sand dolhirs.  For 
ti.rcc  \oarj  he  was  president  and  owner  of 
tl.o   Un:ahi    business  college.     He   was   one 


of  the  founders  of  the  Woodmen  of  the 
World;  and  he  is  now  the  supreme  com- 
mander of  the  Fraternal  Union  of  America. 

Roose,  George  Henry,  merchant,  physi- 
ci;iii,  surgi'on,  wis  l)oni  Feb.  20,  1857,  in 
Davenport.  Iowa.  In  1893  he  became  eii- 
easred  in  the  lumber  business.  He  became 
interested  in  medicine  and  devised  a  vege- 
table composition  of  drugs  which  contains 
no  injurious  priiicii)les  and  has  great  nerve 
sedative  powers.  He  established  a  sanita- 
rium for  the  treatment  of  the  drug  and 
drink  habit  at  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Rooaevelt,  Blanche,  vocalist,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  2,  18.")6,  in  Sandusky,  Ohio.  She 
wrote  a  life  of  Gustav  Dore,  for  whicli  she 
received  a  decoration  from  the  French 
academy.  Her  work  entitled  Verdi,  ]\Iilan, 
and  Othello  secured  her  European  recogni- 
tion as  an  author,  and  she  became  the 
friend  and  correspondent  of  Browning. 
Longfellow."  and  Lord  Lytton.  Her  chief 
fame  was  as  a  writer  on  musical  subjects. 
She  died  Sept.  10,  1898,  in  London,  Eng- 
land. 

Roosevelt,  George  Washington,  soldier, 
diplomat,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1844,  in  Ches- 
ter, Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  town;  and  at  the  Up- 
land academy  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he 
enlisted  in  the  union  army  as  corporal  in 
company  K,  twenty-sixth  regiment  Penn- 
sylvania volunteers;  was  promoted  to  ser- 
geant, color  sergeant,  first  sergeant; 
•and  was  brevetted  captain  for  meri- 
torious conduct  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
where  he  lost  his  left  leg.  He  was  awarded 
a  congressional  medal  of  honor  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
Bull  Run  and  Gettysburg.  In  1878  he  was 
appointed  United  States  consul  at  Auck- 
land; in  1879  was  consul  at  St.  Helena; 
in.  1880  was  consul  at  Matanzas;  in  1881 
became  consul  to  Bordeaux.  F^rance;  and 
in  1899-1906  was  United  States  consul-gen- 
era! to  Brussels,  Belgium.  He  died  in  1907 
in  Brussels,  Belgium. 

Roosevelt,  Hilbome  Lewis,  organ-builder, 
was  born  Dec.  21,  1849.  in  New  York  City. 
He  established  factories  in  New  York  City. 
Philadelphia,  and  Baltimore,  and  built 
some  of  the  largest  organs  in  the  United 
States,  including  tliat  in  (iarden  City 
cathedral.  Long  Island,  and  (irace  church. 
New  Y'ork  City,  each  of  which  contains 
twenty  miles  of  electric  wire.  He  died  Dec. 
30.   1.886,   in  New  York  City. 

Roosevelt,  James  Henry,  ])hilaiitliropist, 
\\;'s  born  Nov.  10.  1800,  ill  New  York  City. 
ll(  accumulated  the  sum  that  he  intended 
from  his  early  manhood  to  leave  for  some 
charitable  object.  By  the  terms  of  his  will 
he  left  the  prinei|)al  jiart  of  his  estate  to 
found  a  noble  hospital  in  New  York  City 
which  bears  liis  name,  and  was  formally 
opened  in  1871.  The  property  left  by  him 
was  valued  at  about  one  million  dollars. 
He  died  Nov.  30,  1863,  in  New  York  City. 


56 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Roosevelt,  James  John,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Dec.  14,  1795,  in  New  York  City.  In  1835 
and  1840  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  state  legislature;  and  in  1841-43  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
twenty-seventh  congress.  He  was  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  the  state  in  1851; 
was  an  attorney  of  the  United  States;  and 
held  the  office  of  judge  eight  years, 
died  April  5,  1875,  in  New  York  City. 

Roosevelt,  Nicholas  J.,  mechanic, 
ventor,  was  born  Dec.  27,  1767,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  connected  with  the  invention 
of  the  vertical  steamboat  paddle  wheels. 
In  1809  he  associate  himself  with  Robert 
Fulton;  and  in  1811  built  and  navigated 
the  pioneer  boat  that  descended  the  Ohio 
and  Mississippi  rivers.  He  died  July  30, 
IS'A.  in  Skaneateles,  N.Y. 


He 


m- 


Roosevelt, 
journalist, 
was     born 
City.      In 


Robert 


Barnwell,      lawyer, 

diplomat,    congressman,    author, 

Aug.     7,     1829,    in    New    York 

1868    he    was    appointed    com- 

of     fisheries     for     the    state     of 


missioner 

New  York;  and  from  1868  edited  The 
New  York  Citizen.  In  1871-73  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
forty-second  congress  as  a  democrat.  He 
was  United  States  minister  to  the  Nether- 
lands in  1888-89.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Game  Fish  of  North  America;  Coast 
and  Game  Birds  of  the  Northern  States; 
Florida  and  the  Game  Water  Birds;  Love 
and  Luck;  Progressive  Petticoats;  and 
Five  Acres  Too  INIuch,  a  Satire.  He  died 
June   14.   inoo.  in   Sayville,  N.Y. 

Roosevelt,  Samuel  .Montgomery,  merchant, 
artist,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1858,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1878  he  went  to  Colorado  on 
ranching  and  scouting  expeditions  with  the 
ninth  cavalry  against  the  Ute  Indians.  He 
is  a  member  of  a  firm  of  wine  merchants. 
As  an  artist,  his  canvasses  have  been  ex- 
hibited at  the  Paris  Salon,  the  National 
academv  of  design;  and  also  in  Chicago  and 
Phihule'lphia. 

Roosevelt,  Theodore,  president  lof  the 
United  States,  vice-president  of  the  United 
States,  politician,  reformer,  soldier,  gov- 
ernor, author,  was 
born  Oct.  27,  1858,  in 
New  York  City.  He 
was  a  politician  and 
municipal  reformer  of 
New  York  City;  and 
president  of  the  board 
of  police  commission- 
ers of  New  York 
City  in  1895-97,  when 
he  resigned  that  po- 
sition to  become  as- 
sistant secretary  of 
the  navy.  During  the 
Spanish-American  war  he  served  with  dis- 
tinction as  colonel  of  the  Rough  Riders.  In 
189!)- 1001  he  was  the  thirty-third  governor 
of  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Naval   War   of    1812;    Hunting   Adventures 


of  a  Ranchman;  Ranch  Life  and  the  Hunt- 
ing Trail;  The  Winning  of  the  West,  in 
fc^ju-  volumes;  The  Wilderness  Hunter;  Es- 
says on  Practical  Politics;  History  of  the 
City  of  New  York;  Lives  of  Thomas  H. 
Benton  and  Gouverneur  Morris;  and  The 
Rough  Riders.  In  1901  he  was  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  United  States;  and  in  1901 
he  was  the  twenty-sixth  president  of  the 
United  States. 

Root,  Adrian  Rowe,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1861  he  was  lieutenant-col- 
onel in  the  twenty-first  regiment  New  York 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  June 
4,  1899. 

Root,  Azariah  Smith,  educator,  librarian, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1862,  in  Middle- 
field,  Mass.  He  is  professor  of  bibliography 
ana  librarian  of  Oberlin  college;  and  is  a 
member  of  several  library  associations. 

Root,  David,  clergyman,  philanthropist, 
was  born  in  1790  in  Pomfret,  Vt.  Until 
1852  he  held  pastorates  in  Guilford  and  New 
Haven,  Conn.  He  gave  ten  thousand  dollars 
to  endow  a  professorship  in  Beloit  college, 
Wis. ;  twenty  tliousand  dollars  to  Yale 
Theological  seminary;  and  five  thousand 
dollars  to  the  American  Missionary  society. 
He  died  Aug.  30,  1873,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Root,  Edward  Clary,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  6,  1877,  in  Bloomfield,  N.J. 
He  is  the  author  of  Huntington,  Junior; 
and  The  LTnseen  Jury. 

Root,  Elihu,  lawyer,  cabinet  officer,  states- 
man, was  born  Feb.  15,  1845,  in  Clinton,  N. 
Y.  He  attained  liigh  reputation  as  an  astute 
lawyer,  and  in  1883-85  was  United  States 
district  attorney  for  the  southern  district 
of  New  York.  In  1898-99  he  was  president 
of  the  Union  league  club.  In  1899-1902  he 
Avas  Secretary  of  War;  and  in  1905-9  was 
Secretary  of  State.  Since  1909  he  has  been 
United  States  senator  from  New  York. 

Root,  Erastus,  lawyer,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  16,  1773,  in 
Hebron,  Conn.  He  was  a  representative  in 
the  New  York  assembly  eleven  years;  was 
speaker  of  tlie  liouse  three  years;  and  was 
state  senator  eiglit  years.  In  1803-05,  1809- 
11,  1815-17  and  1831-33  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  eighth,  eleventh, 
fourteenth  and  twenty-second  congresses, 
wlien  he  resigned  and  was  appointed  post- 
master at  Delhi,  N.Y.  In  1822  he  was  chosen 
lieutenant-governor  of  the  state.  He  died 
Dec.   24,   1846,   in   New   York   City. 

Root,  Frank  Albert,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  July  3,  1837,  in  Binghamton.  N.Y. 
He  has  made  tliirty-two  trips  across  the 
plains  between  Missouri  river  and  the  Rocky 
mountains,  in  charge  as  traveling  mail  agent 
on  tlie  overland  stage  line.  In  1865-03  he 
conducted  and  published  eight  different 
newspajiei's  in  Kansas  and  Colorado.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Overland  Stage  to  Cali- 
fornia. 

Root,  Frederic  Woodman,  nuisician,  com- 
poser,  was   born  June    13,   1846,   in   Boston, 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


57 


Mass.  He  has  been  very  successful  as  a 
teachiT  of  vocal  music;  and  published  Root's 
School  of  Singing.  In  1871-75  he  edited  the 
Soil*;  Messenger. 

Root,  Frederick  Stanley,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  ]\lay  7,  1853,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  He  was  the  author  of  What  Is  the 
Matter  with  the  Cluirch;  The  Extraordinary 
Case  of  Dr.  Tetlow;  and  Athletics  and  Mor- 
als.  He  died  in  1906  in  New  York  City. 

Root,  George  Frederick,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  Aug.  30,  1820,  in  Sheflield, 
Mass.  In  1859  he  founded  the  music  pub- 
lishing firm  of  Root  and  Cady  of  Chicago, 
111.,  which  was  dissolved  in  1871.  He  com- 
posed the  cantatas  The  Flower  Queen;  Dan- 
iel; The  Pilgrim  Fathers;  Belshaz/ar's 
Feast;  and  the  songs  The  Battle  Cry  of 
Freedom;  Tramp,  Tramp.  Tramp;  and  Just 
Before  the  Battle,  ^lutlier.  He  died  Aug.  fi, 
1895,  near  Portland,  Maine. 

Root,  Jesse,  soldier,  clergyman,  lawyer, 
juri.>t,  cungrcssman.  was  born  Dec.  28,  1730. 
in  Coventry,  Conn.  He  settled  in  Hartford, 
Conn.;  took  part  in  the  rcvohitionary  war; 
II ml  in  1778-83  he  was  a  delegate  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  continental  congress.  He 
was  ap])ointed  judge  of  the  superior  court 
in  1779;  and  chief  justice  of  Connecticut  in 
1796-1807.  Hi>  (lied  INIarch  29,  1822,  in  Cov- 
entry, Conn. 

Root,  John  Gilbert,  linancier,  was  born 
April  20,  1835,  in  Westfield,  Mass.  He  was 
president  of  the  Farmers'  and  mechanics' 
national  bank.  In  1888  he  was  elected  may- 
or of  Hartford.  (Oiiii.  He  died  about  1911. 
Root,  Joseph  CuUen,  author,  and  founder 
of  Woodcraft,  was  born  Dec.  3,  1844,  in 
Chester,    ilass.     Wlien    ten    years    of    age 

his    parents    removed 
to    Lyons,   Iowa.     He 
received  a   liberal  ed- 
ucation;   began    busi- 
ness for  himself  in   a 
book-store ;       after- 
w'ard    operated    floin- 
ing    mills    and    eleva- 
tors; and  was  United 
States  deputy  collect- 
or    when     barely     of 
ag-p.      In,     1860      he 
founded      the      public 
library  of  Lyons,  Io- 
wa;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in   1879;   and 
foun<led     Woodcraft    and     promulgated     its 
rituals  and  teachings  in   1883.    lie  has  been 
twice    mayor    of    Lyons,    Iowa:     has     been 
prominently    identified    in   various   business 
enterjtrises;   proposed  and  agitated  the  con- 
struction   r)f    tlie    Iowa    Midland     railway; 
and  was  the  secretary  of  the  (Miicago.  Ly- 
ons and  Pacific  railway.   He  established  tin- 
firet    tcdeiihone   exchange   west   of   the   ^lis- 
sissi|ipi  river;  has  been  editor  of  two  news- 
papers of   extended   circulation;    and   is   the 
author  of  the  History  and  (ienealogy  of  the 
Hoot  Family  in  England  and  America;   and 
several    other   books.    He    is    the   sovereign 


commander  of  the  Woodmen  of  the  World, 
and  resides  at  Omaha,  Neb.  The  entire  sys- 
teni/  now  embraces  over  one-half  a  million 
members,  has  disbursed  many  millions  of 
dollars,  and  is  increasing  rapidly. 

Root,  Joseph  M.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1817,  in 
Cavuga.  N.Y.  He  was  appointed  prosecuting 
attorney  in  Ohio;  and  in  1840  was  elected 
to  the  state  senate.  In  1845-51  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  twenty-ninth,  thir- 
tieth and  thirty-first  congresses.  He  died  in 
Ohio. 

Root,  Milo  Adelbert,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  22,  1863,  in  Bureau  county.  111. 
In  1886-90  he  was  judge  probate  of  Thurs- 
ton countv,  Wash.;  in  1893-97  was  prose- 
cuting attorney;  in  1905-09  was  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  the  state  of  Wash- 
ington. 

Root,  Oren,  educator,  college  president, 
author,  was  born  May  18,  1838,  in  Syra- 
cuse. N.Y.  He  was  professor  of  mathemat- 
ics in  Hamilton  college.  In  1873-76  he  was 
president  of  Pritchett  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Brief  Elementary  Trigonometry. 
He  died  Aug.  26,  1907,  in  Clinton,  N.Y. 

Root,  Robert  Kilburn,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  7,  1877,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
Since  1905  he  has  been  preceptor  in  Eng- 
lish at  Princeton  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Classical  Mythology  in  Shake- 
speare;  and  The  Poetry  of  Chaucer. 

Roots,  Logan  H.,  soldier,  educator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  26,  1841,  in  Per- 
rv  county.  111.  After  the  civil  war  he  set- 
tled in  Arkansas  as  a  planter.  In  1867-71 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Arkansas  to 
the  fortieth  and  forty-first  congresses  aS  a 
republican.  He  died  May  30,  1893,  in  Little 
Rock.  Ark. 

Roots,  Logan  Herbert,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  July  27,  1870,  in  Tamaroa,  111. 
In  1896  he  went  to  China;  in  1898  was  or- 
dained to  the  priestliood;  was  engaged  in 
general  missionary  work;  and  in  1!)04  was 
consecrated  i)rotestant  episcopal  bishop  of 
Hankow,  China. 

Roots,  Philander  Keep,  civil  engineer, 
banker,  was  born  .lune  4,  1838,  in  Tolland 
is  the  son  of  the  noted 
educator.  Prof.  B.  G. 
Roots  of  Illinois.  He 
received  his  education 
in  the  CarroUton 
academy  of  Illinois 
and  tile  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity of  Blooming- 
ton.  For  several  years 
he  was  principal  of 
the  high  school  in 
DuQuoin.  111.  He  has 
been  resident  engineer 
on  the  Mobile  and 
Ohio  railroad  in  Ken- 
tucky and  Tennessee;  I'nited  States  depu- 
ty surveyor  in  Nevada;  chief  engineer  of 
tiie  Cairo  and  Fulton  railroad  in  Arkansas 
and   Missouri;    and   for   over   twenty   years 


countv,  Conn.    He 


58 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


has  been  engaged  in  banking  in  Little  Rock, 
Ark.  He  is  a  prominent  mason  and  ranks 
high  in  various  other  fraternal  orders. 

Roper,  George  Stevens,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Massachusetts.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the 
civil  war;  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general.  He  died  Feb.  3,  1897,  in  Rockford, 
HI. 

Ropes,  Charles  Joseph  Hardy,  educator, 
clergyman,  librarian,  author,  was  born  Dec. 
7,  18.51,  in  St.  Petersburg,  Russia,  where 
his  father  was  United  States  consul.  In 
1877-81  he  was  pastor  of  the  congregational 
church  at  Ellsworth,  Maine;  in  1881-100.5 
he  was  professor  of  new  testament  language 
and  literature  at  the  Bangor  theological 
seminary.  He  was  librarian  there  in  1887- 
1901;  and  in  1906  became  librarian  again, 
which  position  he  still  fills.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Morality  of  the  Greeks. 

Ropes,  Mrs.  Hannah  Anderson,  abolition- 
ist, author,  was  born  .June  24,  1808,  in 
Gloucester,  Maine.  She  settled  in  Law- 
rence, Kan.  In  1885  she  earnestly  opposed 
the  admission  of  slavery  into  that  territory; 
and  it  is  said  that  her  letter  on  that  sub- 
ject to  Charles  Sumner,  who  was  her  in- 
timate friend,  inspired  his  speech  on  the 
Barbarism  of  Slavery.  During  the  civil  war 
she  was  matron  of  the  Union  hotel  hospital 
at  Georgetown;  and  her  indefatigable  la- 
bors in  nursing  the  wounded  caused  her 
deatli.  She  was  the  author  of  Six  Months 
in  Kansas;  and  Cranston  House.  She  died 
Feb.  13,  1863,  in  Georgetown,  D.C. 

Ropes,  James  Hardy,  educator,  clergyman, 
"■a.s  boni  Sept.  31.  18G6,  in  Salem,  Mass. 
Since  1898  he  has  been  an  instructor  and 
professor  at  Harvard  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Apostolic  Age  in  the  Light 
of    Modern    Criticism. 

Ropes,  John  Codman,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  April  28,  1836,  in  Russia.  He  was  a 
lawyer  of  Boston ;  and  well  knoAvn  as  a 
military  historian.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Armj^  under  Pope;  The  Campaign  of 
Waterloo;  Atlas  of  Waterloo;  The  First 
Napoleon ;  and  The  Story  of  the  Civil  War. 
He  died  in  1899  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Ropes,  William  Ladd,  librarian,  clergy- 
man, was  born  July  19,  1825,  in  Newton, 
Mass.  In  1846-48  he  was  a  teacher  in  the 
public  Latin  school  of  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1853  he  was  ordained  to  the  congregational 
ministry;  and  in  1853-62  filled  a  pastorate 
in  Wrentham,  Mass.  In  1866-1905  he  was 
librarian;  and  since  1905  has  been  librarian 
emeritus  at  Andover  theological  seminary 
of    ]\[assachus('tts. 

Rorer,  Sarah  TysiOn,  educator,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1849.  in  Richboro. 
Pa.  She  is  a  lecturer  on  food  in  health  and 
disease;  and  for  twenty-one  years  has  been 
an  author  and  editor.  In  1886-92  she  was 
editor  and  part  owner  of  Table  Talk;  in 
1893-97  was  editor  of  Household  News; 
and  since  1897  he  edited  the  Ladies'  Home 
Journal.  She  is  the  author  of  Bread  Mak- 
ing;   Colonial    Cookery;    Good    Cooking;    A 


Book    on    Diet    and    Cookery;     and    other 
works. 

Rorke,  Allen  B.,  designer,  builder,  was 
born  March  21,  1846,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  erected  such  buildings  as  Spreckel's  su- 
gar refinery,  manu- 
facturers' club,  sev- 
eral buildings  of  Gi- 
rard  college;  also  the 
second  and  third 
street  railroad  depot; 
western  savings  fund; 
bank  of  northern  lib- 
erties; the  old  and 
new  Times  annex 
buildings;  the  college 
of  pharmacy;  and  the 
Philadelphia  bource 
building.  He  died  in 
Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 

Rosa,  Edward  Bennett,  educator,  scien- 
tist, was  born  Oct.  4.  1861,  in  Rogersville, 
N.Y.  In  1891-1902  he  was  a  professor  of 
jihysics  in  the  Wesleyan  university  of  Mid- 
dlctown.  Conn;  and  since  1901  has  been 
physicist  of  the  National  bureau  of  stand- 
ards. He  is  a  contributor  to  American  and 
European  journals  of  physics  and  electric- 
ity, making  a  special  department  of  theo- 
ictical  and  applied  electricity. 

Rosati,  Joseph,  clergyman,  bishop,  found- 
er, was  born  Jan.  30,  1789,  in  Italy.  In  1816 
lie  cam-e  to  the  Ignited  States  as  a  mission- 
ary; and  in  1817  settled  in  St.  Louis.  Mo. 
In  1824  he  was  consecrated  bishop  of  Tru- 
egra;  and  in  1827  he  became  the  first  bishop 
of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  founded  a  number  of 
cliaritable  houses;  a  hospital;  and  schools. 
He  died  Sept.  23,  1843,  in  Rome. 

Rosbrugh,  John,  clergyman,  was  born  in 
1714  in  Scotland.  In  1769-77  he  was  pastor 
at  tlie  Forks  of  Delaware,  Pa.  He  served 
as  chaplain  during  the  campaign  in  New 
Jersey,  and  was  taken  prisoner  in  Trenton 
l)y  a  party  of  Hessians,  who  murdered  him. 
lie  died  .Tan.  2.  1777,  in  Trenton.  N.J. 

Rose,  Aquila,  printer,  poet,  was  born  in 
1695  in  England.  He  was  a  printer  and  poet 
of  Philadelphia.  His  Poems  on  Several  Oc- 
casions were  collected  after  his  death.  He 
died  Aug.  22.   1723.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Rose,  Benjamin,  merchant,  inventor,  was 
born  March  13,  1828,  in  England.  In  1875 
lie  became  president  of  a  provision  com- 
l>any.  He  was  the  first  person  to  ship  meat 
from  Cleveland  to  Liverpool  entirely  by 
water.  In  1879  he  introduced  the  first  ice- 
making  machine;  and  is  the  inventor  of  .a 
singeing  machine  to  remove  the  hair  from 
a  ho<T.  He  died  June  19,  1908.  in  Cleveland, 
Oliio'. 

Rose,  David  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  public  of- 
ficial, was  born  .Tune  30,  1856,  in  Darling- 
ton, Wis.  In  1876-86  he  practiced  law  in 
Darlington;  and  since  1886  has  been  prac- 
iicing  his  profession  in  IMilwaukee,  Wis.  In 
189S-1906  he  was  mayor  of  ]\[il\vaukee.  Wis. 
Rose,  Chauncey,  railroad  president,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  Dec.  24,  1794,  in  Weth- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


59 


crsfield,     Conn.     He 


organizL'd  the  Terre 
Haute  and  Indianap- 
olis railroad  in  1847, 
and  was  the  first 
president.  It  was  his 
means  and  inlluence 
that  caused  the  con- 
struction of  the 
Evansville,  T  e  r  r  e 
Haute  and  Cliicago 
railroad.  He  estab- 
lished and  endowed 
the  Ladies'  Aid  so- 
ciety of  Terre  Haute. 
He  contributed  gener- 
ously to  the  support  of  Wabash  college.  To 
Providence  hospital  he  gave  a  large  sum 
of  money;  and  he  established  and  endowed 
the  Rose  rolyteelinic  institute,  under  the 
name  of  Terre  Haute  school  of  Industrial 
Science..  He  died  Aug.  13,  1877,  in  Terre 
Haute,  Ind. 

Rose,  Edward  Everett,  dramatist,  author, 
was  horn  Feb.  11,  1S(»2,  in  Canada.  Since 
I8!)8  he  has  been  engaged  in  dramatic  au- 
thorsiiip  in  New  York  City.  He  has  drama- 
tized David  Harum,  Ricliard  Carvel,  Mr. 
Doolcy  and  many  others. 

Rose,  Frank  Bramwell,  naval  officer,  was 
born  in  Tuckerton,  N.J.  He  Avas  chaplain 
of  the  fourteenth  regiment  New  Jersey 
volunteer  infantry  during  tlie  civil  war;  and 
in  1S70  was  api)ointed  from  New^  Jersey 
chaplain  in  the  United  States  navy.  In  1906 
he  was  advanced  to  rear-admiral  retired. 

Rose,  George  B.,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
.Inly  1(1,  ISCii),  in  Batesville,  Ark.  He  has 
traveled  extensively  in  tlie  study  of  renais- 
sance art.  He  is  the  author  of  Renaissance 
ATasters. 

Rose,  Ray  Clarke,  journalist,  author,  was 
born    Marcli    21,    1870,    in    Oxford,   N.Y.    He 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Mich- 
igan.   In   1896-1901  he 


J       was  engaged  as  a  re- 
porter,   special    writer 
ij  and  editor  of  tlie  Sat- 

M  "%  iirday  boys'  and  girls' 

^^^  ^  pi'ge     and     the     Open 

BPj  ^*^   '  window    club    on    the 

m  fc  ■  stall    of    the    Chicago 

»^^—  Record-Herald;        and 

has  been  a  special 
writer  on  the  staff  of 
New  York  papers.  He 
wrote  signed  editori- 
als and  verse  for  the 
1902-03  was  assistant 
New  York  Press;  was 
the  stall"  of  the  Chicago  Record-Herald; 
1903-04    was    editor   of    the   juvenile    de- 

Tournal;  and  since 
1904  has  been  engaged  in  play  writing  and 
magazine  work.  He  has  contributed  over 
one  thousand  compi^sitions  in  verse  to 
American  periodicals.  He  is  the  author  of 
At  the  Sign  of  the  Ginger  Jar;  and  the 
comic  operas  The  Dluigga-Phu ;  and  Tlie 
Knockers. 


J^^ 


New    N'ork  News;    in 

Sunday  editor  of  the 

on 

in 

]>artment  of  the  Chicago 


Rose,  James  A.,  lawyer,  government  offi- 
cial, was  born  Oct.  13,  1850,  in  Pope  coun- 
ty, 111.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  county;  and  at  the 
Illinois  state  normal  school.  He  has  been 
superintendent  of  schools  for  Pope  county, 
111.;  and  served  as  States  attorney.  He  has 
been  a  trustee  of  the  Illinois  state  reforma- 
tory at  Pontiac;  and  commissioner  of  the 
southern  Illinois  penitentiary.  Since  1897 
lie  has  been  secretary  of  state  of  Illinois. 

Rose,  Robert  L.,  farmer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  12,  1804,  in  Geneva,  N.Y.  In 
1847-51  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  thirtieth  and  thirty-first  con- 
gresses.   He  died  in  New   York. 

Rose,  Robert  S.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1772  in  Henrico  county,  Va.  In  1823-27 
and  1829-31  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  eighteenth,  nineteenth  and 
twenty-first  congresses.  He  died  Nov.  24, 
1835,  in  Waterloo,  N.Y. 

Rose,  Thomasi  Ellwood,  soldier,  was  born 
March  12,  1830,  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  state.  In  1861  he  became  a  private 
in  the  twelfth  regiment  Pennsj'lvania  vol- 
unteers; and  six  months  later  was  made 
captain  in  the  seventy-seventh  regiment. 
He  served  at  Shiloh,  Corinth,  and  Murfrees- 
boro;  and  in  1863  was  promoted  to  colonel. 
He  was  taken  prisoner  at  Chickamauga ; 
escaped  at  Welden,  N.C. ;  was  recaptured 
and  sent  to  Libby  prison.  With  Major  Ham- 
ilton and  a  working  party  of  fifteen  men 
he  cut  through  the  stone  wall  of  the  cel- 
lar and  dug  a  tunnel  fifty  feet  long,  com- 
pleting it  in  three  months.  One  hundred 
and  nine  soldiers  escaped;  and  forty-eight 
were  retaken,  including  Col.  Rose.  In  1864 
he  was  exchanged  and  served  until  the  close 
of  the  war;  and  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  and  colonel  in  the 
United  States  army.  He  subsequently  be- 
canu'  captain  and  major  in  the  United 
States  infantry;  and  was  retired  in  1894. 
lie  <li(il   in    1!)07   in   Baltimore,  IMd. 

Rose,  U.  M.,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
March  5,  1834,  in  Clarion  county,  Ky.  He 
is  a  successful  lawyer  of  Little  Rock,  Ark.; 
and  in  1860-65  was  chancellor  of  the  state 
of  Arkansas.  In  1900  he  was  president  of 
.Arkansas.  State  bar  association;  and  in 
1901-02  was  president  of  the  American  bar 
association.  In  1907  he  was  ITnited  States 
ambassador  to  the  Hague  peace  confer- 
ence, lie  IS  the  author  of  Rose's  Digest  of 
Arkansas   Reports. 

Rose,  Walter  Malins,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  25,  1872,  in  Canada.  He  is  a 
successful  lawyer  of  San  Francisco.  Cat. 
He  is  the  author  of  Notes  on  Ignited  States 
Reports,  in  twelve  volumes;  and  a  Code  of 
lederal    Procedun*. 

Rose,  William,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  22,  1857,  in  Batesville,  Ark.  He  is  now 
a  g«'neral  attorney  of  Independence,  ^lo.  He 
is  the  author  of  1  he  Tin  Owl  Stories. 

Roseboro,  Viola,   litterateur,  author,  was 


60 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LTBRARy  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


born  in  Pulaski,  Tenn.  She  is  the  author 
of  Old  Ways  and  New,  a  volume  of  short 
stories;  The  Joyous  Heart;  and  Players 
and   Vagabonds. 

Roselius,  Christian,  journalist,  lawyer, 
was  born  Aug.  10,  1803,  in  Germany.  In 
1831  he  was  appointed  attorney -general  of 
Louisiana.  He  was  for  many  years  dean 
of  the  uniAorsity  of  Louisiana;  and  for  the 
last  twenty-three  years  of  liis  life  was  pro- 
fessor of  civil  law  in  that  institution.  He 
died  Sept.  5,  1873,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Rosecrans,  Sylvester  Horton,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Fob.  5,  1827,  in  Homer, 
Oliio.    He  was   educated  at  Kenyon  college 

of  Ohio;  and  in  1846 
graduated  from  St. 
John's  college  at 
Fordham,  N.Y.  For 
five  years  he  studied 
theology  in  Rome; 
and  in  1862  was  or- 
dained a  priest.  He 
was  professor  of  the- 
ology at  St.  Mary's 
college;  and  editor  of 
the  Catholic  Tele- 
graph. In  1862  he  was 
consecrated  bishop  of 
Cincinnati;  and  in  1868  was  transferred  to 
Columbus,  Ohio.  He  was  a  brotlier  of  Gen- 
eral Rosecrans.  who  served  in  the  civil  war. 
He  died  Oct.  21.  1878,  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Rosecrans,  William  Starke,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  manufacturer,  congressman,  was 
in  Kingston,  Ohio.  He 
graduated  from  West 
Point  in  1842.  He 
was  appointed  aid  to 
General  McClellan  in 
Ohio;  was  appointed 
colonel  and  chief  en- 
gineer of  Ohio;  and 
was  commissioned 

colonel  of  Ohio  vol- 
unteers, and  briga- 
died-general  United 
States  army.  In  1864 
he  comirianded  tlie 
"  department     of     Mis- 

souri; was  made  brevet  major-general  Unit- 
ed States  army  in  1865;  and  resigned  in 
1867.  He  was  minister  to  Mexico  in  1868, 
but  was  recalled  in  a  few  months.  In  1881- 
85  he  was  a  representative  from  California 
to  the  forty-seventh  and  forty-eighth  con- 
gresses. In  1885  he  was  appointed  register 
of  the  treasury  at  Washington.  He  died 
:\I;nvl>    11.   1808.  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Rosen,  Peter,  clergyman,  aiithor,  was  born 
Dec.  15.  1850,  in  Prussia.  In  1872-75  he  was 
in  the  German  army;  and  in  1876  came  to 
the  United  States.  In  1882  lie  was  ordained 
priest;  and  is  now  pastor  of  St.  Patrick's 
church  at  Hollendale,  Wis.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  History  of  the  Black  Hills  of  South 
Dakota;    and  otlier  works. 

Rosenau,   Milton  Joseph,   physician,  sani- 


born   Sept.   6,   1819, 


tarian,  author,  was  born  Jan.  1,  1869,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  passed  assistant 
surgeon  in  the  United  States  public  health 
and  marine  hospital  service;  and  is  now 
director  of  its  hygienic  laboratory  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  Course  in 
Pathology  and  Bacteriology;  Disinfections 
and  Disinfectants:  and  other  medical  works. 

Rosenberg,  Henry,  banker,  founder,  rail- 
road president,  philanthropist,  was  born 
June  22,  1824,  in  Switzerland.  In  1874  he 
founded  the  Rosenberg  bank.  In  1875-78 
he  was  organizer,  director  and  president  of 
the  (iulf,  Colorado  and  Santa  Fe  railroad 
company.  He  gave  eighty  thousand  dollars 
to  the  Rosenberg  free  school;  thirty  thou- 
sand to  the  Protestant  orphans'  home; 
tliirty  thousand  to  Grace  church;  thirty 
t!  ousand  to  the  Woman's  home;  sixty-five 
thousand  to  the  Young  men's  christian  as- 
sociation ;  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  the  He- 
lo's  monument;  and  thirty  thousand  for 
seventeen  public  drinking  fountains.  To  his 
native  town  in  Switzerland  eighty  thousand. 
About  half  of  a  million  was  devoted  to  the 
founding  and  maintenance  of  a  free  circu- 
lating library  with  annual  lectures  to  Gal- 
veston, Texas.  He  died  May  12,  1893,  in 
(Jalveston,  Texas. 

Rosenberger,  Absalom,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Dec.  26,  1849,  near 
Tliornton,  Ind.  For  twelve  years  he  taught 
in  high  schools  and  academies.  Since  1890 
lie  has  been  president  of  Penn  college  at 
Oskaloosa.   Iowa. 

Rosenfeld,  Maurice  Bernhard,  musician, 
composer,  was  born  Dec.  31,  1865,  in  Aus- 
tria. He  is  a  teacher  in  the  Chicago  Mu- 
sical college;  and  the  composer  of  num(>r- 
ous  pieces  for  piano,  violin  and  string  in- 
strunu'nts. 

Rosenfeld,  Sydney,  dramatist,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  26,  1855,  in  Richmond,  Va.  He 
was  the  first  editor  of  Puck  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  a  House  of 
Cards;  The  Senator;   and  other  plays. 

Rosengarten,  George  David,  manufactur- 
er, cliemist.  was  born  Feb.  12,  1869,  in  Phil- 
adelpliia,  Pa.  He  received  the  degree  of  B. 
S.  from  the  university  of  Pennsj'lvania, 
and  the  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  the  university 
of  Jena.  In  1901-05  he  was  vice-president 
of  Rosengarten  and  Son,  incorporated,  and 
since  1905  has  been  vice-president  of  the 
Powers- Weiglitmail-Rosengarten  company. 
Since  1910  he  has  been  a  member  of  the 
committee  of  revision  of  the  United  States 
]>liarmacop(eia. 

Rosenthal,  Albert,  ]ia inter,  artist,  was 
boin  Jan.  30,  1863,  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.  He 
studied  art  under  his  father  and  at  the 
Pennsylvania  academy.  He  turned  his  at- 
tention to  etching,  and  has  become  widely 
known  for  nis  work,  which,  like  that  of  his 
father,  includes  numerous  portraits  of 
.American  historicJil  characters. 

Rosengarten,  Joseph  George,  lawyer,  au- 
tlior,   was   born   July    14,    1835,    in   Philadel- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


61 


pliia,   Pa.    He   was   educated   in   the    public 

schools;  in  1852  grad- 
uated from  the  uni- 
ver.sity  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  in  1857  he 
studied  in  the  Heidel- 
berg university.  In 
185G  he  was  admitted 
to  the  practice  of 
law,  and  since  1857 
has  practiced  his  pro- 
fes.-*ion  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  During  the 
civil  war  he  was  on 
the  stall'  of  General 
John  F.  Reynolds.  He  is  tlie  author  of  The 
German  Soldier  in  the  Wars  of  the  United 
States;  The  German  Allied  Troops  in  the 
War  of  Independence;  Sources  of  Amer- 
ican History  in  German  Arciiives;  French 
Colonists  and  Exiles  in  the  United  States; 
and  otlx'r  works. 

Rosenthal,  Herman,  librarian,  author,  Avas 
born  Oct.  0.  1843,  in  Russia.  He  now  pub- 
lishes and  edits  the  Hebrew  Monthly  Intel- 
ligencer of  Ne\v  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Report  on  Japan,  China  and  Corea. 

Rosenthal,  Lewis,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  10,  185(5,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He 
is  rhe  author  of  America  and  France;  and 
tile  Intluenee  of  tiie  United  States  on  France 
in  tlic   l'",i;,'hti'cnth  Century. 

Rosenthal,  Max,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Nov.  2.3.  IH'.i'.i,  in  Russia.  He  made  the 
chomo-litiiogra])hic  jdatcs  for  what  is  be- 
lieved to  be  tlic  lirst  fully  ilhistrated  book 
by  this  process  in  the  United  States,  Wild 
Scenes  and  Wild  Hunters.  After  1884  he 
turned  his  attention  to  etching;  and  he 
has  since  executed  one  hundred  and  fifty 
[lortraits  of  eminent  Americans  and  liritisli 
orticers,  together  with  numerous  large 
plates,  among  which  are  Storm  Approaches; 
Doris,  tile  Mifplicrd's  Maidt-n;  Marguerite; 
and   Jesus    at    I'rayci-. 

Rosenthal,  Toby  Edward,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  March  15,  1848,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  His  more  important  works  are  Love's 
Last  Ull'ering;  Spring's  Joy  and  Sorrow; 
Morning  Prayers  in  Bach's  Family,  which 
was  bought  by  the  Saxon  government,  and 
is  now  in  the  museum  of  Leipsic;  Elaine; 
Young  Monk  in  Refectory;  and  Forbidden 
Longings. 

Roser,  Henry  Harvoleau,  educator,  attor- 
ney, reformer,  was  liorii  Oct.  27,  ISfl.'L  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1882  lie  gra<luated  from 
tlie  state  normal  school  of  I'latteville,  Wis.; 
and  in  188G  graduated  from  tlie  university 
of  Wisconsin.  For  several  years  he  taught 
school;  and  sul»se(|iiently  was  engaged  as 
<ditor  and  jtublic  speaker  in  behalf  of  re- 
form measuris.  He  helped  to  organize  the 
national  liberty  party,  of  which  he  is  now 
secretary;  and  in  1896  was  the  Illinois  can- 
didate for  presidential  (dector  of  that  par- 
ty.   He  is  now  a  successful   lawyer  of  Den- 


ver,   Col.;    and    secretary     of     the     United 
States    monetary    league. 

Rosevelt,  Solomon,  shipbuilder,  Avas  born 
in  18U7.  He  built  the  first  steamers  to 
cross  the  Atlantic.  He  died  Feb.  21,  1000. 
in  Delaware,  Ohio. 

Rosier,  James,  explorer,  was  born  about 
1575  in  England.  He  explored  the  coast  of 
Maine  and  Penobscot  river.  He  was  the 
author  of  A  True  Relation  of  the  most 
prosperous  voyage  made  this  present  yeare 
by  Captaine  George  Waymouth  in  the  Dis- 
covery of  the  Land  of  Virginia.  He  died 
about   1(J35. 

Ross,  Albert  Randolph,  designer,  archi- 
tect, was  born  Oct.  26,  18(58,  in  Westfield, 
^lass.  He  is  architect  of  many  municipal 
buildings  and  memorials;  public  libraries 
of  Washington.  D.C.;  and  the  public  libra- 
ries of  Columbus,  Ohio;   and  other  cities. 

Ross,  Alexander  Coffman,  merchant,  com- 
poser, inventor,  was  born  May  31,  1812,  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio.  From  a  boy  he  was  in- 
terested in  scientific  inventions;  and  he  is 
said  to  liave  produced  the  first  daguerreo- 
type ever  made  in  America.  He  Avas  one  of 
the  most  enterprising  business  men  in 
Zanesville.  and  accumulated  a  large  prop- 
erty. He  died  Feb.  25,  1883,  in  Zanesville, 
Ohio. 

Ro9S,  Arthur  A.,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1719  in  Tliompson,  Conn.  In  1819 
lie  was  ordained  as  a  baptist  minister;  and 
in  1825  Avas  pastor  of  the  First  baptist 
church  of  Fall  River,  R.I.  He  Avas  the  au- 
thor of  On  Communion  and  Baptism.  He 
'lird  June   16,    1864,   in  Pawtucket,  R.I. 

Ross,  Betsy,  flag-maker,  Avas  born  Jan.  1, 
1752,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  made  the 
first  United  States  flag.  She  died  Jan.  30, 
1S3().  in    Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Ross,  Clinton,  author,  Avas  born  July  31, 
18(51,  in  Biiighampton,  N.Y.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Silent  W^orkman;  The  Countess 
Bettina;  The  Speculator;  Adventures  of 
Three  Worthies;  Improbable  Tales;  Two 
Soldiers  and  a  Politician;  The  Puppet;  The 
Scarlet  Coat;  Battle  Tales;  Bobbie  McDutl; 
The   Meddling   Hussy;    and   Zuleika. 

Ross,  David,  congressman,  Avas  born  about 
1750  in  Maryland.  In  1786-87  he  Avas  a  del- 
i-gate  from  Maryland  to  the  continental 
(onirress.     He  died    in   Maryland. 

Ross,  Denman  Waldo,  "educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  10,  1853,  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
He  is  a  lecturer  on  the  theory  of  design  at 
Harvaril  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Early  History  of  Land-Holding  Among 
(he  (iermans:  and  A  Tiieory  of  Pure  Design. 
Ross,  Edmund  Gibson,  soldier,  journalist, 
I  iiited  States  senator,  governor,  was  born 
Dec.  7,  1S26,  in  Ashland.  Ohio.  He  h-arned 
the  art  of  printing  at  Huron,  Ohio.  He  be- 
came editor  of  the  Kansas  Tribune,  at  that 
time  tlie  only  free-state  jiaper  in  the  ter- 
ritory, all  others  having  been  destroyed. 
He    entered    the    union    army    as    a    private 


62 


HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Virden, 


soldier,  and  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
major  in  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  the 
rebellion.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Wy- 
andotte, Kansas,  constitutional  convention. 
In  1865-71  he  was  United  States  senator. 
In  1885-89  he  was  governor  of  the  terri- 
tory of  New  Mexico;  and  is  the  man  who 
killed  the  Johnson  impeachment.  He  died 
May  8,  1904,  in  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex. 

Ross,  Edward  Alsworth,  educator,  sociol- 
ogist,   author,   was    born   Dec.    12,    1866,   in 
111.    In  1886  he  graduated  from  Coe 
college  of  Cedar  Rap- 
ids, Iowa;    in    1888-89 
A.-*..-  ^  studied     at     the    uni- 

*  Jk  versity  of  Berlin;  and 

in  1890-91  was  a  stu- 
dent at  the  Johns 
Hopkins  university. 
In  1891  he  received 
the  degree  of  Ph.D. 
from  the  department 
of  history,  politics 
and  economics  in  the 
Johns  Hopkins  uni- 
versity. In  1892-93 
he  was  secretary  of  the  American  econom- 
ical association ;  and  was  advisory  editor 
of  tiie  American  Journal  of  Sociology.  In 
1891-92  he  was  professor  of  economics  in 
tlie  Indiana  university;  in  1892-93  was  an 
associate  professor  of  political  economy 
and  finance  at  the  Stanford  university  of 
California;  in  190I-0G  was  a  professor  at 
tlie  university  of  Nebraska ;  and  since  1906 
has  been  professor  of  sociology  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Wisconsin.  In  1902  he  was  a 
lecturer  on  sociology  at  Harvard  university; 
and  in  1896  and  1905  lectured  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of 
Honest  Dollars;  Social  Control;  The  Foun- 
dation  of   Sociology;    and   Sin   and   Society. 

Ross,  Erskine  Mayo,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  June  30,  1845,  in  Bel  Pre,  Va.  In  1879- 
86  he  was  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
California;  in  1886  was  appointed  United 
States  district  judge  of  the  southern  dis- 
trict of  California;  and  since  1895  has  been 
United  States  circuit  judge  for  the  ninth 
circuit. 

Ross,  Frederick  Augustus,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Dec.  25,  1796,  in  Cobham, 
Va.  In  1855-75  he  was  pastor  of  the  First 
presbyterian  church  in  Hiuitsville.  Ala.  He 
was  the  author  of  Slavery  as  Ordained  of 
God.  He  died  April  13,  1883,  in  Huntsville, 
Ala. 

Ross,  George,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  independence,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1730  in  New  Castle,  Del.  In  1768  he  was 
elected  to  the  colonial  legislature;  and  in 
1774-77  he  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  continental  congress;  and  was 
one  of  the  signers  of  the  declaration  of  in- 
dependence. In  1779  he  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  court  of  admiralty  for  Pennsylvania. 
He  died  July   16,   1779,  in  Lancaster,  Pa. 


Ross,  George  H.,  railroad  president,  fin- 
ancier, was  born  Aug.  29,  1854,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1902-04  he  was  president  of  the 
Union  depot  bridge  and  terminal  company 
of  Kansas  City,  Mo;  and  since  1907  has 
been  vice-president  of  the  Chicago  and  Al- 
ton railroad. 

Ross,  Henry  Howard,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Essex  county,  N.Y. 
In  1825-27  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  nineteenth  congress.  He 
was  county  judge  of  Essex  county  in  1847- 
48.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1848. 
He  died  Sept.  14,  1862,  in  Essex,  N.Y. 

Ross,  James,  educator,  author,  poet.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  Greek  Grammar  in 
Latin;  translated  the  Shorter  Catechism 
into  Latin;  and  wrote  a  number  of  poems 
in  Latin.    He  died  in  September,  1786. 

Ross,  James,  lawyer,  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  July  12,  1762,  in  York  coun- 
ty. Pa.  In  1793-1803  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Pennsylvania.  He  died  Nov. 
27,  1847,  in  Alleglieny  City,  Pa. 

Ross,  John,  merchant,  was  born  Jan.  29, 
1726,  in  Ross,  Scotland.  In  1775  he  was 
appointed  muster-master  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania navy.  In  1776  he  was  employed  by 
the  committee  of  commerce  of  congress  to 
purchase  clothes,  arms,  and  powder  for  the 
use  of  the  armv.  He  died  in  March,  1800, 
in   Pliiladelphia,"Pa. 

Ross,  John,  congressman.  In  1809-11  and 
1815-21  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  eleventh,  fourteenth,  fif- 
teentli  and  sixteentli  congresses.  In  1830 
he  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania.  He  died  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Ross,  John  B.,  litterateur,  author.  He  is 
the  autlior  of  Scottish  Poets  in  America; 
and  editor  of  a  dozen  books  about  Burns. 

Ross,  John  Dawson,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  23,  1853,  in  Scotland.  He  is 
manager  of  a  large  New  York  manufactur- 
ing company.  He  is  the  author  of  Cele- 
brated Songs  of  Scotland;  Highland  Mary; 
A  Cluster  of  Poets;  The  Memory  of  Burns; 
Henley  and  Burns;   and  other  works. 

Ross,  John  Wesley,  lawyer,  public  official, 
was  born  June  23,  1841,  in  Lewistown,  III. 
He    was    postmaster    of    Washington,    D.C., 

in  1888-90;  was  ap- 
pointed by  President 
Harrison  commission- 
er of  the  District  of 
Columbia  in  Sep- 
tember, 1890,  receiv- 
ing the  re-ap])oint- 
ment  to  the  same  po- 
sition by  President 
Cleveland,  and  again 
by  President  McKin- 
ley;  and  is  president 
of  tile  board  of  com- 
missioners. For  two 
terms    he    was    president    of    the    board    of 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


63 


trustees  of  the  public  schools  of  Washing- 
ton, D.C.;  and  is  one  of  the  foremost  laAv- 
vers  of  that  city. 

Ross,  John  William,  dentist,  artist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1852  near  Manchester, 
Enjiland.  In  1877-92  he  practiced  art  in 
Philadelphia;  and  has  illustrated  many  sci- 
entilic  works.  Since  1892  he  has  practiced 
dentistry  with  special  reference  to  ortho- 
dontia. He  is  the  author  of  Joe's  Place; 
and  Tiie  Whosoever,  under  the  pen-name 
of  John  Rosslyn. 

Ross,  Jonathan,  lawyer,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  April  30,  1820,  in 
Water  ford,  Vt.  In  1 805-67  he  Avas  a  mem- 
ber of  tile  Vermont  state  legislature;  and 
was  state  senator  in  1870.  Since  1870  he 
has  been  judge;  and  in  1890-1900  was  chief 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  coiirt  of  Ver- 
mont. In  1899-1901  he  was  United  States 
si'uator  from  Vermont.  He  died  in  1905  in 
St.  Jolinsbury,  Vt. 

Ross,  L.  C,  governor.  In  1887-91  he  was 
go\ernor  of  Texas. 

Koss,  Labert  Randolph,  draughtsman, 
arcliitect,  was  born  Oct.  26,  1868,  in  West- 
liehl,  .Mass.  In  1884-97  he  Avas  a  draughts- 
man witli  famous  architects  in  Buffalo,  N. 
V.  He  was  the  architect  of  the  Carnegie 
library  of  Elizabetii,  N.  J.;  and  architect 
of  the  public  libraries  at  Columbus  and 
Denver. 

Ross,  Lawrence  Sullivan,  soldier,  govern- 
or, was  born  Sept.  27,  1838,  in  Bentonport, 
Iowa.  He  became  colonel  of  the  sixth 
'1  exas  regimi'nt  of  cavalry  in  the  confed- 
erate army  in  1802;  and  was  made  briga- 
dier-general in  1803.  In  1880  he  became 
governor  of  Texas.  He  died  in  1898  in 
Texas. 

Ross,  Leonard  Fulton,  soldier,  lawyer, 
banker,  was  born  July  18,  1823,  in  Fulton 
county,  111.  He  served  in  tlie  Mexican  war. 
He  was  cliosen  in  1801  colonel  of  the  seven- 
teentli  Illinois  regiment  which  he  had  rais- 
fcd;  and  was  commissioned  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  in  1802.  In  1867  he  was 
appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  ninth  district  of  Illinois.  He  imported 
line  stock  into  America,  and  has  a  large 
farm  in  Iowa;  and  subsequently  founded 
Lcwiston,  111.,  national  bank.  He  died  Jan. 
17.    19112.   in   (Jalesburg,  111. 

Ross,  Lewis  P.,  nierciiant,  manufacturer, 
banker,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1843,  in  Tusca- 
lora,  N.Y.  Since  1805  he  has  been  a  whole- 
sale dealer  in  boots  and  shoes  in  Rochester, 
X.V.;  and  is  president  of  the  P.  A.  Field 
siioe  conipaii}"  of  Salem,  Mass.  He  is  pres- 
ident of  the  Fidelity  trust  company;  and 
a  member  of  a  lirm  of  shoe*  manufacturers 
(if  Haverhill.  Mass.  Hi?  was  one  of  the  or- 
ganizers of  the  Rochester  chamber  of  com- 
merce; and  is  president  of  the  board  of 
trustees   of   the   university   of    Rochester. 

Ross,  Lewis  W.,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Dec.  8,  1812,  in 
Seneca  county,  N.Y.    In    1840  and    1844  he 


was  elected  to  the  Illinois  state  legislature; 
and  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1848.  In 
1863-09  he  was  a  representative  from  lUi- 
rois  to  the  thirtj'-eigiitii,  thirty-ninth  and 
tortieth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
Oct.  29,   1895.  in  Lewiston,  111. 

Ross,  Miles,  merchant,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  April  30,  1828,  in 
Raritan  township,  N.J.  He  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  New  Jersey  state  legisla- 
ture for  two  years.  In  1875-83  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  to  the  for- 
ty-fourth, forty-fifth,  forty-sixth  and  forty- 
seventh   congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Ross,  Peter,  historian,  author,  was  born 
in  Scotland.  He  is  a  writer  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  Free- 
masonry; Life  of  vSt.  Andrew;  Scotland 
and  the  Scots;  The  Scots  in  America; 
Kingcraft  in  Scotland;  and  Literature  of 
tlie   Scottish   Kings. 

Ross,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
Yoi-k.  He  served  throughout  tlie  civil  war; 
and  retired  in  1872  with  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general.  He  was  drowned  July  11,  18S0. 

Ross,  Senman,  Waldo,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  10,  1S5.'5.  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
He  has  been  lecturer  on  theory  of  design 
at  Harvard  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Early  History  of  Land-Holding  Among 
Germans. 

Ross,  Sobeiski,  civil  engineer,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  16,  1828,  in  Couders- 
port.  Pa.  He  was  engaged  in  settling  land 
in  the  northern  counties  of  Pennsylvania; 
r.nd  in  1873-77  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty-third  and 
fcrty-fourth  congresses  as  a  republican  He 
died  Oct.  25.  1877,  in  Coudersport,  Pa. 

Rossi,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1825,  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1849-53  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
tliirty-first  and  thirty-second  congresses. 
He  died  in  Pennsyhania. 

Ross,  Thomas  R.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1789.  In  1819-25  he  was  a  rep- 
lesentativa  from  Ohio  to  the  sixteenth,  sev- 
enteenth and  eighteenth  congresses.  He 
(lied  June  28.   1S09,  in   Lebanon,  Ohio. 

Ross,  William,  novelist,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  20,  1851,  in  Westfield,  Mass.  During 
his  early  life  he  was  connected  with  vari- 
ous newspapers;  and  in  1889  began  a  series 
of  novels  of  great  popularity,  which 
achieved  a  sale  of  nearly  two  million  copies 
within  ten  years.  He  has  also  traveled  ex- 
tensively, using  material  thus  obtained  in 
(iction. 

Ross,  William  H.,  governor,  was  born  in 
Delaware.  He  was  the  twenty-first  gover- 
nor of  Delaware  in  1851-55.  He  died  in  Del- 
aware. 

Rosse,  Irving  C,  ne\irologist,  scientist, 
ajithor,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1842,  in  East  New 
Market,  Md.  He  has  been  assistant  sur- 
geon in  the  United  States  army,  surgeon 
1(>  the  revenue  cutter  bureau;  surgeon  of 
the  Soldiers'  home  in  .Milwaukee;  and  Unit- 
ed  States   examining   surgeon   for   the   Dis- 


64 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Rosseau, 

born    Sept. 


Percival 

21.    1869, 


tiict  of  Columbia.  He  was  juror  to  the 
Paris  exposition;  and  a  member  of  the 
cholera  commission  to  Europe  in  1893;  is 
the  author  of  The  Cruise  of  the  Corwin  to 
Alaska  and  the  North  West  Arctic  Ocean; 
and  Tlie  First  Landing  on  Wrangel  Island. 
He  died  May  3,  1901,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Ross,  William  Wallace,  educator,  lawyer, 
was  born  Dec.  24,  1834,  in  Seville,  Ohio. 
For  forty-two  years  he  was  superintend- 
ent of  the  schools  of 
Fremont,  Ohio;  was 
president  of  the  Ohio 
state  teachers'  asso- 
ciation; was  president 
of  the  Tri-state  as- 
sociation of  O  h  i  o, 
Michigan  and  Indi- 
ana; and  president  of 
the  Oliio  state  board 
of  examiners.  He  died 
March  4,  1906,  in  Fre- 
mont, Ohio. 

Leonard,  artist,  was 
in  New  Orleans,  La. 
Be  lias  attained  success  as  a  noted  portrait 
j.'aintcr;  and  maintains  a  studio  in  France, 
ile  received  honorary  mention  at  the  Paris 
Salon  in  1900  and  a  third  class  medal  from 
the  Paris  Salon  in  1906. 

Rossell,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1761,  in  New  Jersey.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  district  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court;  and  in  1804  was  associate 
justice  of  tlie  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey. 
He  died  June  20,  1840,  in  Mount  Holly,  N.j\ 

Rosser,  Leonidas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  31,  1815,  in  Petersburg,  Va.  He 
was  a  delegate  to  the  general  conference  of 
the  Methodist  episcopal  church  every  four 
years  in  1850-66.  He  was  general  mission- 
fry  to  the  confederate  army  during  the 
civil  war.  He  was  the  author  of  Baptism; 
Experimental  Religion;  Class  Meetings; 
Recognition  in  Heaven;  Open  Commimion: 
Initial  Life;  and  Reply  to  Howell's  Evils 
of  Paptism.  He  died  Jan.  25,  1892.  in  Ash- 
land. Va. 

Rosser,  Thomas  Lafayette,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  was  born  Oct.  15,  1836,  in  Camp- 
bell county,  Va.  He  was  a  brigadier-gen - 
iral  and  major-general  and  commanded  a 
brigade  during  the  civil  war  in  the  con- 
federate cavalry  in  Hampton's  division.  In 
1898  he  became  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
Tnitcd    States    volunteers. 

Rossiter,  Clinton  L.,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Feb.  13,  1860,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
In  1895  he  became  president  of  the  Brooklyn 
Heights  railroad  at  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Rossiter,  Stealy  B.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  Berne,  N.Y.  For  twenty-seven 
years  he  was  pastor  of  the  North  presby- 
(erian  church  of  Ni'w  York  City.  He  is  the 
iiutluir  of  The  Red  Cord;  and  Curlers'  Ser- 
mons. 

Rossiter,   Thomas   Prichard,   painter,   art- 


ist, was  born  Sept.  29,  1817,  in  New  Haven, 
C'onn.  He  painted  a  large  number  of  his- 
torical aiid  scriptural  pictures;  and  nu- 
merous portraits.  He  died  May  17,  1871, 
in  Cold  Springs,  N.Y. 

Rossiter,  William  Sidney,  journalist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Sept.  9,  1861,  in  Westfield, 
Mass.  Since  1904  he  has  been  chief  clerk 
of  the  census  and  chief  of  the  public  divi- 
sion at  Wasliington,  D.C.  He  is  the  author 
of  An  Accidental  Romance  and  other  stories. 

Rost,  J.  D.,  soldier.  He  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general.  He  died  Nov.  23,  1890, 
in   Rockport,  Maine. 

Rost,  Pierre  Adolph,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  about  1797,  in  France.  In  1826  he  was 
elected  to  the  Louisiana  state  senate;  and 
four  years  later  he  was  nominated  for  con- 
gress, but  was  defeated.  He  was  appointe<l 
judge  of  the  supreme  court,  but  soon  re- 
signed; but  again  accepted  a  seat  in  1846. 
On  the  formation  of  the  provisional  con- 
federate government  he  was  appointed  its 
commissioner  to  Spain,  and  remained 
abroad  until  after  the  civil  war.  He  died 
Sept.  6,  1868,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Roswell,  Farnham,  governor.  In  1880-82 
he  was  governor  of  Vermont. 

Rotch,  Abbott  Lawrence,  meteorologist, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  6,  1861,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  a  meteorologist;  and  in  1885 
founded  the  Blue  Hill  meteorological  ob- 
servatory in  Milton,  Mass.  He  has  pub- 
lished many  valuable  meteorological  papers. 

Rotch,  Arthur,  designer,  architect,  was 
born  May  13,  1850,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1880  he  became  senior  member  of  the  firm 
of  Rotch  and  Tilden,  in  Boston,  Mass.  Since 
that  time  he  has  built  various  churches 
and  the  Memorial  library  building  in  Bridge- 
water,  Mass.;  gymnasiums  of  Bowdoin  col- 
lege and  associate's  hall  of  Philips  Exeter 
academy;  the  high  school  and  academy  of 
Milton,  Mass.;  art  schools  and  art  museum 
of  Wellesley  college ;  and  many  private 
houses  and  business  blocks  throughout  the 
United    States. 

Rotch,  Mrs.  Charity  Rodman,  philanthro- 
j.ist,  was  born  Oct.  31,  1766,  in  Newport, 
R.I.  Her  husband  died  in  1823  and  be- 
queathed to  her  his  personal  property  to 
be  disposed  as  she  should  decide.  She  de- 
termined to  found  a  school  for  orphan  and 
destitute  children,  and  a  few  years  after 
her  death  the  fund  that  she  left  reached  the 
sum  of  twenty  thousand  dollars.  The  in- 
terest of  this  money  was  subsequently  ap- 
jilied  to  the  purchase  of  a  farm  of  185  acres 
near  Massillon,  Ohio,  on  which  was  erected, 
at  a  cost  of  five  thousand  dollars,  a  build- 
ing for  educational  and  dwelling  purposes. 
In  this  institution  boys  are  thoroughly  in- 
structed in  the  art  of  husbandry  and  girls 
:n  culinary  duties  and  the  making  of  their 
own  wearing-apparel.  The  course  is  four 
years  in  length.  She  died  Aug.  8,  1824,  in 
Kendol,  Ohio. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


65 


Rotch,  Thomas  Morgan,  educator,  pliy- 
siciaii,  autlior.  He  is  prot'ossor  of  pedi- 
atrics ill  the  iiK'diiai  department  of  Har- 
vard university.  He  is  tiie  author  of  Pedi- 
atries. 

Rotch,  William,  civil  engineer,  trustee, 
was  born  Inly  22,  1S44,  in  New  Bedford, 
Mass.  In  18S1  he  was  one  of  the  conunis- 
sioners  wlio  establislied  a  boundary  between 
Massacluisetts  and  Rhode  Island;  and  in 
lSS2-!)()  was  consulting  engineer  of  several 
lailroad  companies.  He  is  president  of  two 
wharf  and  storage  companies;  and  is  presi- 
dent of  the  ^lystic  wharf  and  storage  com- 
pany. 

Roth,  Filibert,  educator,  horticulturist, 
iuitlior,  wa^  born  April  20,  18.")8,  iu  Germany. 
He  was  educated  in  (Jermany:   and  came  to 

the  United  States  in 
1871.  In  18S.)-fl3  he 
studied  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan;  and 
received  the  degree  of 
B.S.  from  that  insti- 
tution. In  1893-98  he 
was  a  special  expert 
on  timber  in  the 
United  States  depart- 
ment of  agriculture ; 
in  1898-1901  was  as- 
sistant professor  of 
forestry  at  Cornell 
university;  in  1901  was  expert  assistant  of 
the  bureau  of  forestry  in  the  United  States 
department  of  agriculture;  in  1901  was  chief 
of  the  division  of  river  reserves  in  the 
general  land  ollice  of  the  United  States  de- 
partment of  the  interior;  and  in  1903  was 
professor  of  forestry  in  the  universitj'^  of 
Michigan.  He  is  a  member  of  tlie  society 
of  American  foresters;  and  is  a  member  of 
the  Washington  academy  of  sciences.  He 
is  the  author  of  Timber;  Forest  Conditions 
of  Wisconsin;  Cj'press;  The  Annual  Ring; 
Timber  Pliysics;  Uses  of  Wood;  Grazing 
in  Forest  Reserves;  First  Book  of  Forestry; 
and    Forest    Reserves    Manual. 

Roth,  Frederick  George  Richard,  designer, 
sculptor,  was  born  in  Ajjril.  1S72,  in  Brook- 
lyn, X.Y.  Since  l.S!M(  lie  has  been  i)rofes- 
sionally  engaged  as  a  sculptor;  and  has 
(xhibited  in  New  York,  Pliiladelphia,  St. 
Louis,  Chicago  and  Portland.  He  is  a  na- 
tional acafh'mician. 

Roth,  Henry  Warren,  clergyman,  college 
president,  theologian,  was  born  April  5, 
1838.  in  Prospect,  Pa.  In  18(11-70  he  was 
pastor  of  (Jrace  church  of  Pittsburg.  Pa.; 
and  in  1870-87  was  president  of  Tiiiel  col- 
lege of  (Ireeiiville,  Pa.  In  I8S7-99  he  was 
pastor  of  Wicker  park  lutheran  church  of 
Chicago.  111.;  and  since  litOl  has  resided  in 
fJri'enville.   Pa. 

Roth,  John,  clergyman,  was  born  Feb. 
3.  172ti,  in  I'russia.  In  17r)9  he  enten-d  tin- 
Moravian  Indian  mission,  serving  for  fif- 
tecMi  years  in  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio.  Re- 
turning to  Pennsylvania  in  1773,  he  was  em- 


ployed in  rural  congregations  till  his  death. 
He  made  a  special  study  of  the  L'nami  dia- 
lect of  the  Lenape  language,  and  com- 
posed in  it  an  extensive  religious  work.  He 
died  .July  22.   1781,  in  York,  Pa. 

Roth,  Theophilus  B.,  educator,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1853,  in 
Prospect,  Pa.  In  1893  he  became  president 
of  Thiel  college  of  Greencastle,  Pa.  He  is 
the  founder  and  editor  of  the  Y'oung  Luther- 
an, which  luxs  the  largest  circulation  of  all 
l^nglisli  Lutheran  papers. 

Rothemel,  John  H.,  lawyer,  congressnuin, 
was  born  March  7,  1856,  in  Berks  county. 
Pa.  He  received  an  academic  education; 
and  in  1881  was  admitted  to  the  practice 
of  law.  In  1907-15  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania  to  the  sixtieth,  six- 
ty-first, sixty-second  and  si.xty-third  con- 
gresses   as    a    democrat. 

Rothermel,  Peter  Frederick,  artist,  was 
born  July  18,  1817,  in  Nescopack,  Pa.  He 
was  (dected  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
academy,  of  which  institution  he  had  been 
director  in  1847-55.  His  best  paintings  are 
l)e  Soto  Discovering  the  Mississippi;  Em- 
barkation of  Columbus,  in  the  Pennsylvania 
academy;  and  Christian  ;Martyrs  in  the 
Coliseum;  a  series  of  paintings  illustrative 
of  William  H.  Prescott's  History  of  the 
Conquest  of  Mexico.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1895, 
in    Grassniere,   Pa. 

Rothert,  Henry  William,  merchant,  leg- 
islator, lieutenant-governor,  was  born  Sept. 
11,  1840,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  has  been 
mayor  of  Keokuk,  Iowa;  for  two  terms  was 
a  member  of  the  state  senate;  and  became 
lieutenant  governor  of  Iowa  by  succession 
as  ])resident  of  the  senate.  He  has  been 
register  of  the  land  ollice  at  Cheyenne, 
\\'yo.;  and  is  now  superintendent  of  the 
Iowa   school  for  the  deaf. 

Rothrock,  David  Andrew,  educator,  au- 
,11ior,  was  born  .Ian.  31,  1804,  in  Milltown, 
Ind.  Since  1908  he  has  been  junior  pro- 
fessor of  mathematics  at  tlu-  Indiana  uni- 
versity of  Bloomington.  He  is  the  author 
of  Essentials  of  Algebra;  and  Supplemen- 
tary   Examples    in    Algebra. 

Rothrock,  James  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
iS7(i  lie  served  as  an  associate  justice  of  the 
suiireme  court  of  Iowa;  and  in  1878-96  he 
was  chief  justice. 

Rothrock,  Joseph  Trimble,  soldier,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Ai)ril  9,  1839,  in  yic- 
\'eytown.  Pa.  In  1863  he  was  captain  of 
(ompany  E.  twentieth  reginuMit  Pennsyl- 
vania cavalry.  He  is  a  professor  of  botany 
in  the  niiiversity  of  Pennsylvania  since  1877. 
He  founded  ami  is  suixM'intendent  of  a 
sanatorium  for  consumptives  at  West 
Chester,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Botany 
of  the  Wheeler  Expedition;  Vacation 
Crnisinys;  Flora  of  Alaska:  and  Revision 
of    the    North    .American    (Jaurincw. 

Rothschild,  Alonzo,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  30.  1862,  in  New  York  City. 
,'>ince  ].s;s!j  he  has  been  engaged  in  journal- 


66 


HERRINGSHAW'S  I.IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ism  and  literary  pursuits.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Lincoln,  Master  of  Men. 

Rothwell,  Gideon  F.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1830,  in  Callaway  county,  Mo. 
In  1879-81  he  was  a  representative  from 
Missouri  to  the  forty-sixth  congress  as  a 
democrat.  He  died  Jan.  18,  1894,  in  Mo- 
berly,   ]\Io. 

Rotoli,  Augusto,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  Jan.  7,  1847,  in  Rome,  Italy.  Having 
acnieved  a  high  reputation  as  a  conductor, 
singing-teacher,  and  song  composer,  in  1885 
he  became  a  vocal  instructor  in  the  New 
England  conservatory  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  many  songs  and  composi- 
tions. 

Rotzell,  Willett  £nos,  physician,  natural- 
ist, author,  was  born  June  19,  1871,  in  Phila- 
delphia. Pa.  Since  1905  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  medical  botany  at  the  Hahnemann 
medical  college  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Man,  An  Introduction  to 
Anthropology. 

RoucoUe,  Adrienne,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  June  14,  1875,  in  France.  She  is 
the  author  of  His  Aunt's  Fortune;  Child 
of  the  Sun;  Not  Like  Other  Girls;  The 
Flood  of  Toulouse;  Her  Wedding  Morn; 
Tne  Gypsy;  and  The  Kingdom  of  the  Good 
Fairies. 

Roumfort,  Augustus  Louis,  soldier,  edu- 
cator, state  legislator,  was  born  Dec.  10, 
1796,  in  Paris,  France.  He  was  professor 
of  mathematics  at  Mount  Airy  college  at 
Germantown;  and  in  1818-26;  and  in  1826- 
34  superintendent  of  a  military  school  in 
that  town.  He  was  in  the  Pennsylvania 
legislature  in  1843-44;  and  harbor-master  of 
Philadelphia  in  1845-48.  He  had  been  made 
caj)tain  of  Pennsylvania  militia  in  1820; 
and  in  1843  had  risen  to  the  rank  of  brig- 
adier-general. He  died  Aug.  2,  1878,  in  Har- 
risburg,    Pa. 

Round,  William  Marshall  Fitts,  author, 
was  born  March  26,  1845,  in  Pawtucket,  R.I. 
He  was  a  writer  active  in  prison  reforms; 
and  was  founder  of  the  order  of  St.  Christo- 
jiher  for  training  institutional  workers. 
His  books  for  juvenile  readers  include  Ach- 
sah:  Child  Marion  Abroad;  Torn  and  Mend- 
ed; Hal;  and  Rosecroft.  He  died  in  1906,  in 
New    York   City. 

Rounds,  Sterling  Parker,  printer,  was  born 
June  27,  1828,  in  Berkshire,  Vt.  He  moved 
to  Chicago  in  1851;  and  soon  afterward 
opened  a  printers'  warehouse.  In  1856  the 
business  was  extended  by  the  addition  of 
the  printers'  electrotype  foundry,  and  the 
first  "number  of  Rounds'  Printers'  Cabinet 
was  issued.  He  was  appointed  public  print- 
er in  1881.  He  removed  to  Omaha  in  1885; 
and  was  identified  with  the  Repiiblican  till 
his  death.  He  died  Dec.  17,  1887,  in  Omaha, 
Neb. 

Rouner,  David  Argyle,  soldier,  farmer, 
lawyer,  statesman,  was  born  April  20,  1842, 
in  Sligo,  Ky.  He  served  as  a  soldier  in 
the   confederate   army.     He  was   a  member 


of  the  thirty-first  and  thirty-second  Mis- 
souri general  assemblies;  and  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  thirty-sixth  and  thirty-seventh 
state  senate.  He  is  the  author  of  many  of 
the  revenue  laws  of  Missouri.  In  1901-05 
he  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  Knox  coun- 
ty. Mo.;  and  during  his  four  years'  service 
never   lost   a   case. 

Rountree,  Harold,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  Oct.  5,  1865,  in  England.  He 
has  taken  out  about  thirty  patents;  and 
is  the  manager  and  organizer  of  the  Bur- 
dette -Rountree  manufacturing  company  of 
Chicago,  111.  In  1902  he  was  pi-ohibition 
■  candidate  for  president  of  the  county  board 
of  Cook  county;  and  in  1903  was  offered 
the  prohibition  nomination  for  mayor  of 
Chicago,  111. 

Rouquette,  Adrien  Emmanuel,  educator, 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1813, 
in  New  Orleans,  La.  He  was  a  Roman 
catholic  clergyman  and  educator  of  New 
Orleans;  and  known  as  the  Abbe  Rou- 
quette. He  was  the  author  of  a  volume 
entitled  Wild  Flowers.  He  died  July  15, 
1887,   in   New   Orleans,   La. 

Rouquette,  Francois  Dominique,  lawyer, 
iiuthor,  was  born  Jan.  2,  1810,  in  New  Or- 
leans, La.  He  was  a  lawyer  who  resided 
in  France  for  the  greater  part  of  his  life. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  work  in  French 
and  English  on  the  Choctaw  Indians.  He 
died  May   10,  1890,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Rourke,  Patrick  Henry,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  Oct.  28,  1854,  in  Norristown, 
Pa.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  ed- 
ucation in  the  common  schools  and  attend- 
ed the  Northern  Indiana  Normal  college  of 
Valparaiso,  Ind.  In  1882  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Chicago,  111.,  and  moved  the 
same  year  to  the  territory  of  Dakota.  He 
took  up  his  profession  at  Lisbon,  N.D.;  has 
been  city  attorney;  mayor  of  his  city;  dis- 
trict attorney;  state's  attorney;  and  in 
1892  Mas  the  republican  nominee  for  attor- 
ney-general. He  served  with  distinction  as 
state  senator  in  tlie  North  state  senate;  and 
has  been  United  States  district  attorney  for 
the   district   of  North   Dakota. 

Rous,  John,  naval  officer,  was  born  in 
Massachusetts.  He  commanded  the  fleet 
that  conveyed  the  expedition  against  the 
French  in  the  Bay  of  Fundy,  and  after- 
ward destroyed  their  forts  and  houses  on 
St.  John's  river.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
colonial  council  in  1754.  He  died  April  3, 
1760,   in    England. 

Rouse,  Adelaide  Louise,  journalist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  in  Athens,  N.Y.  Since  1889 
she  has  been  engaged  in  editorial  work. 
She  is  the  author  of  Frontier  and  Cities; 
Almost  a  Genius;  The  Dean  of  Girls;  Un- 
der My  Own  Roof;  and  The  Letters  of  The- 
cdora. 

Rouse,  Arthur  B.,  congressman,  was  born 
June  20,  1874.  Since  1900  ho  has  practiced 
law  in  Kentucky.  In  1911-15  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative   from    Kentucky    to    the    sixty- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


67 


second    and    sixty-third    congresses    as    a 
democrat. 

Rouse,  Henry  Clark,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Marcli  IT),  IS");},  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio.  In  1S!>2  he  was  elected  president  of 
the  Missouri,  Kansas  and  Texas  railway 
company;  and  in  1893  was  appointed  re- 
ceiver of  the  Northern  Pacific.  He  died 
April    30,    1!)0G,    in    New    York    City. 

Rouss,  Charles  Broadway,  merchant,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  Feb.  11,  1836,  in 
Woodsboro,  Md.  He  made  large  gifts  for 
\arious  ])ublic  inujioses  of  Winchester,  Va. 
He  erected  a  monument  to  dead  confederate 
veterans  in  New  York.  He  founded  the 
physical  laboratory  of  the  university  of 
N'irginia :  and  founded  the  confederate  me- 
morial hall.  He  (Uniated  a  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars  to  Ilichmond,  Va.,  for  a  con- 
federate monument.  He  died  March,  1902,  in 
New    York    City. 

bousseau,  Lovell  Harrison,  soldier,  law- 
yer, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.   4,   1818,   in   Lincoln   county,   Ky.     He 

was  elected  for  three 
years  to  the  legisla- 
ture of  Indiana;  and 
for  three  years  to  the 
state  senate.  He 
served  through  the 
war  with  ^lexico  as 
a  captain ;  and  was 
present  at  Buena  Vis- 
ta. In  1850  he  re- 
turned to  Louisville, 
^  ^^^  ^^^^^  whore  he  subsequent- 
ly resided.  In  1860 
he  was  elected  by 
both  political  jiarties,  to  the  state  sen- 
ate of  Kentucky.  In  1861  he  was 
commissioned  a  colonel  of  volunteers; 
was  appointed  a  brigadier-general;  and  in 
lS(i2  appointed  a  major-general.  In  1865- 
f)7  he  was  a  rei)resentative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  tiiirty-niiith  congress.  In  1867  he 
was  api)ointed  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
legular  army;  and  was  assigned  to  duty 
in  the  new  territory  of  Alaska.  He  died 
•  Ian.    7.    lS(i!t.    in    New   Orleans.  La. 

Rousseau,  Harry  Harwood,  naval  oflficer, 
was  born  April  19.  1870,  in  Troy,  N.Y. 
Since  1907  he  has  been  a  member' of  the 
Isthmian  canal  commission.  In  1907  he 
v.as  appointed  chief  of  the  bureau  of  yards 
:!nd  docks   with    t!ie   rank  of   rear-admiral. 

Routt,  John  Long,  soldier,  federal  offi- 
cial, governor.  w;is  horn  .\pril  25,  1826,  in 
Kddyville,  Ky.  In  ISfil-fi.-)  he  served  as 
raptain  <if  company  K  in  the  ninety-fourth 
regiment  Illinois  volunteers.  In  '  1869-71 
l.e  wa.s  United  States  marshal  for  the  south- 
rrn  district  of  Illinois:  and  in  1871-75  was 
second  assistant  i»ostmaster-general  of  the 
liiited  States,  in  1875-76  he  was  governor 
of  Colorado.  In  1883-85  and  1890-92  lie 
was  mayor  of  Denver,  Colo. 

Rouxel,  Gustave  Augustin,  clergyman. 
I.ishop.  was  born  Feb.  2.  iSJd,  in  Franco. 
In    1863    he    was    assistant    priest    at    Ope- 


lousas,  La.;  and  became  canon  and  vicar- 
general  in  1878.  In  1899  he  became  auxil- 
iary Ronum  catholic  bishop  at  New  Or- 
leans, La.  He  died  in  1908,  in  New  Or- 
leans,   La. 

Roversi,  Louis,  journalist,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  8,  1859,  in  Italy.  He 
has  lectured  for  the  board  of  education 
of  New  York  City;  and  is  editor  of  the  Ital- 
ian Herald  of  New  Y'ork  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  State  and  Church  in  Italy;  Es- 
says  on    Italian   Art;    and   other   works. 

Rowan,  Andrew  Summers,  soldier,  civil 
t'ligineer,  author,  was  born  April  23,  1857,  in 
Cap  Mills,  Va.  He  served  in  Texas,  New 
Mexico.  Colorado,  South  Dakota,  North  Da- 
kota and  Micliigan;  was  a  member  of  the 
intercontinent  railway  survey;  and  was  in 
charge  of  hypsometric  work  of  the  Cen- 
tral American  party.  He  was  sent  to  com- 
municate with  General  Garcia  after  the 
declaration  of  the  Spanish-American  war. 
He  is  tile  author  of  The  Island  of  Cuba. 

Rowan,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  diplomat, 
congressman.  United  States  senator,  was 
born  in  1773,  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1807-09 
he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  tenth  congress;  and  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  general  assembly. 
He  was  a  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals 
in  1819;  and  in  1825-31  he  was  United 
States  senator;  and  his  last  public  posi- 
tion was  that  of  minister  to  the  Two  Sici- 
lies. He  died  Julv  13,  1853,  in  Louisville, 
K.V. 

Rowan,  Matthew,  colonial  governor.  In 
1753-54  he  was  colonial  governor  of  North 
Carolina. 

Rowan,  Stephen  Clegg,  soldier,  was  born 
in  December,  1808,  in  Ireland.  In  1870  he 
was  vice-admiral  of  the  United  States 
navy;  and  was  chairman  of  the  lighthouse 
board  of  Washington.  D.C.  He  died  March 
31,  1S90.  in  \\'asliington,  D.C. 

Rowe,  Albert,  business  man,  public  otli- 
cial,  was  born  May  4,  1846,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  public  and 
private  schools  of  his  native  state.  For 
many  years  he  has  been  prominently  iden- 
t'lied  with  the  business  and  public  alTairs 
of  Saugerties,  N.Y.;  and  is  connected  with 
the  wholesale  meat  and  ])rovision  business. 
For  the  past  ten  years  he  has  been  manager 
of  the  well-known  tirm  of  Swarzschild  and 
Sulzberger  company  of  Saugerties,  N.Y., 
one  of  tile  largest  wholesale  meat  and  pro- 
vision corporations  in  the  worhl.  For  eight 
vears  he  has  l)een  niavor  of  Saugerties, 
N.Y. 

Rowe,  Charles  Henry,  clergyman,  poet, 
was  born  .Ian.  19,  1834.  in  Guilford.  .Maine. 
In  1864  he  was  comniissioned  a  chaplain  in 
the  United  States  army.  He  has  filled 
pastorates  in  the  baptist  church  ever  since 
in  the  vicinity  of  Boston.  For  a  time  he 
was  connected  with  the  editorial  departnu-nt 
of  The  Watchman  of  Boston.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  number  of  poems  and  sacred 
hvmns. 


68 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Rowe,  Mrs.  Harriet  Gould,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1835,  in  East  Corinth, 
Maine.  She  is  the  author  of  Re-told  Tales 
of  the  Hills  and  Shores  of  Maine;  Queens- 
hithc;    and   A   Maid   of   Bar  Harbor. 

Rowe,  Henry  Clark,  pioneer  propagator, 
was  born  April  23,  1851,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  He  is  the  pioneer  in  deep  water  oy- 
ster culture  in  Long  Island  sound,  and  re- 
ceived tlie  first  grant  of  oyster  ground  out- 
side of  tlie  harbors  in  1874.  From  1875  un- 
til the  present  time  he  has  secured  such 
legislation  from  year  to  year  as  the  growth 
of  the  business  required.  During  1897  he 
planted  nearly  three"  million  bushels  of 
shells  and  other  material  on  his  grounds, 
which  comprise  nearly  ten  thousand  acres. 
He  is  regarded  as  an  authority  on  the 
propagation  and  culture  of  oysters;  and 
is  the  autlior  of  The  Oyster  Industry;  and 
various  papers  read  before  the  international 
fisheries  congress  at  Chicago  in  1893,  and 
l-efore  otlier  societies. 

Rowe,  Leo  S.,  educator,  lawyer,  economist, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  17,  187 1,  in  Mc- 
Gregor, Iowa.  In  1900  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent      McKinley       a 


~~~^KS^F'~-       """''    ™6mber    of    the    com- 
JpH^^    '  *"■'<'        ;    mission  to  revise  and 
jF^  complete   the   laws  of 

W  mM    Porto    Rico;     and    in 

1901  was  made  chair- 
man of  the  commis- 
sion. Since  1902  has 
been  professor  of  po- 
litical science  in  the 
university  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1906  he 
w  a  s  appointed  b  y 
President  Roosevelt 
to  represent  the  United  States  at  the  in- 
ternational conference  of  American  states 
held  at  Rio  Janeiro  in  1906.  He  is  at  pres- 
ent president  of  the  American  academy  of 
I'.olitical  and  social  science.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior of  United  States  and  Porto  Rico;  Re- 
port Code  Commission,  in  four  volumes; 
Factors  of  Elficiency  in  Government;  and 
The  Civil  Service  in  Porto  Rico. 

Rowe,  Peter,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1853-55  he  Avas  a  represen- 
tative from  New  York  to  the  thirty-third 
congress.     He  died  in  Schenectady,  N.Y. 

Rowe,  Peter  Trimble,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Nov.  20,  1856,  in  Meadowvale, 
Ontario,  Canada.  He  received  the  rudiments 
of  liis  education  in  the  public  schools; 
studied  under  private  tutors;  and  in  1880 
graduated  from  'I'rinity  college  of  Toronto; 
and  subsequently  received  the  degrees  of 
A.M.  and  D.D.  In  1878-82  he  was  a  mis- 
sionary among  the  Ojib\\ay  Indians  of 
Garden  River,  Ontario.  In  1882-95  he  was 
rector  of  St.  James  church  at  Sault  Ste. 
Marie.  Mich.;  and  at  the  same  time  in 
1891-95  he  was  commissioner  of  public 
scliools   for  C'liipjx'wa   county,  Mich.     Since 


1895  he  has  been  protestant  episcopal  bish- 
op  of   Alaska. 

Rowe,  Stuart  Henry,  educator,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  May  24,  1869,  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.  Since  1904  he  has  been 
head  of  the  department  of  pedagogy  at  the 
Brooklyn  teachers'  training  school.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Physical  Nature  of  the 
Child  and  How  to  Study  It;  and  The 
Lighting   of   School   Rooms. 

Rowell,  George  Presbury,  journalist,  au- 
tlior, was  born  July  4,  1838,  in  Concord,  Vt. 
In  1867  he  took  up  his  residence  in  New 
York,  where  he  began  the  publication  of 
Rowell's  Newspa]K'r  Directory.  He  also 
published  Printer's  Ink.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Forty  Years  as  an  Advertising 
Agent.  He  died  Aug.  28,  1908,  in  Poland 
Springs.    N.Y. 

Rowell,  John  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
June  !l,  1835,  in  Lebanon,  N.H.  He  re- 
ceived an  academic  education  at  Randolph, 
Vt. ;  and  in  1893  the  university  of  Vermont 
confered  upon  liim  the  honorary  degree  of 
LL.D.  In  1858  he  began  tlie  practice  of 
law;  and  in  1862-03  Mas  state's  attorney  for 
Orange  county.  Vt.  In  1861-62  he  was  a 
rcqiresentative  in  the  'S'ermont  state  legisla- 
ture; and  in  1874-75  was  a  member  of 
the  Vermont  state  senate.  In  1872-80  he 
was  reporter  of  decisions  of  tlie  state  su- 
preme court  of  Veiniont.  Since  1892  he 
lias  been  a  justice  of  tlie  state  supreme 
court  of  \'ermont,  and  chief  justice  since 
1902. 

Rowell,  Jonathan  Harvey,  soldier,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1833, 
in  Haverhill,  N.H.  In  1861  he  graduated 
irom  Eureka  college ;  and  in  1865  was  a 
student  at  tlie  law  department  of  the  Chi- 
cago university.  In  1861-64  he  served  as 
lieutenant  and  captain  in  the  seventeenth 
regiment  Illinois  infantry.  In  1865  he  was 
admitted  to  tiie  practice  of  law;  and  in 
1868-72  was  state's  attorney  for  the  eighth 
judicial  district  of  Illinois.  In  1883-91  he 
was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the 
fortj'-eighth,  forty-ninth,  fiftieth  and  fifty- 
first  congresses.  He  died  May  15,  1908,  in 
Bloomington,    111. 

Rowett,  Richard,  soldier,  was  born  in 
England.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
seventh  regiment  JUinois  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.      He    died    July    13,    1887. 

Rowland,  Adoniram  Judson,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1840.  in  Valley 
Forge,  Pa.  Since  1895  he  has  been  general 
secretary  of  the  American  baptist  publica- 
tion society  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is 
tiie  author  of  A  Handbook  on  the  Penta- 
teuch. 

Rowland,  Alfred,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Feb.  9, 
1844,  in  Lumberton,  N.C.  In  1867  lie  was 
elected  by  the  county  court  register  of  deeds 
for  Robeson  county,  N.C;  and  was  a  mem- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


69 


ber  of  tlie  genoral  assemblj'  of  North  Car- 
olina ill  1876-77  and  1880-81.  In  1887-!)1 
he  was  a  roprcscntativo  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  tho  liftictli  and  lifty-lirst  coiigri'sscs 
as   a    donioerat. 

Rowland,  Arthur  John,  educator,  autlior, 
was  born  lu'b.  19,  lS(i7,  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
He  organi/A'd  a  course  in  electrical  engi- 
neering; and  is  director  of  the  school  of 
engineering  at  the  Drexel  Institute  of  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  He  is  part  author  of  Experi- 
ments  in   Ai)plied   Electricity. 

Rowland,  David,  congressman.  He  was  a 
delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  colonial 
congress  whicli  met  in  New  York  in  1765. 
lie    dit'd    in    New    York. 

Rowland,  Helen,  jimrnalist,  autlior,  was 
born  Dec.  21,  1876,  in  AVasliington,  B.C. 
.Since  li)()2  she  has  been  a  member  of  the 
stafl"  of  the  New  Y'ork  Press.  She  is  the 
author  of  The  Digressions  of  Polly;  and 
Little    Love-a-Logiu'S. 

Rowland,  Henry  Augustus,  clergyman, 
author,  was  horn  Sept.  18.  1804,  in  Wind- 
sor. Conn.  He  Avas  pastor  of  the  Park 
presbyterian  church  of  Newark.  N.J.  He 
was  the  author  of  Common  Maxims  of  In- 
fidelity; The  Path  of  Life;  Light  in  a 
Dark '\'alley;  and  The  Way  of  Peace.  He 
died   Sept.   4,    1S.">!),   in    Boston.   ISIass. 

Rowland,  Henry  Augustus,  educator,  sci- 
intist,  inventor,  was  born  Noy.  27,  1848, 
in  Ilonesdale.  Pa.  Since  1876  he  has  been 
professor  of  physics  in  Johns  Hopkins  uni- 
\ersity.  In  1884  he  received  the  Rumford 
medal  for  his  researches  in  light  and  heat; 
and  is  best  known  for  liis  electrical  and 
nmgnetic  discoveries.  He  died  April  16. 
1001.  in  Baltimore.  :Md. 

Rowland,  Henry  Cottrell,  surgeon,  author, 
was  boiii  .May  12,  1S74,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  educated   in  private  schools  of  New 

York  and  Stamford, 
Conn.:  for  one  year 
was  a  student  at  Will- 
iams college;  and  in 
18!>8  graduated  from 
t  h  e  Yale  medical 
school  as  :\1.D.  He 
took  special  studies 
in  operative  surgery 
in  the  jiolyclinic  hos- 
pital of  New  York 
Citv. 

the 
ican 
na\al     militia 
in      hospitals 


New     York 
stall'  wink 
examimitioii 
the      Inited 
nu'dicine     in 


He    served    in 

Spanish-Amer- 

war     with     the 

.Vfter     some 

he      jiassed      the 


for  contract  surgeon  in 
States  army.  He  practiced 
New  York  City,  but  has 
retired  from  surgical  practice  to  de- 
vote himsidf  to  surgical  lit<'rature.  He  is 
the  author  of  Sea  Scain|)s;  To  Windward; 
The  Wanderers;  The  Countess  13iano; 
Across  Europe  in  a  .Motor  Boat:  fJermaine; 
and    many    stories    and    articles    in    leading 


Rowland,  Kate  Mason,  historical,  author, 
was  born  in  Virginia.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Life  of  George  Mason,  including 
his  s|)eeches,  public  papers  and  corresj)on- 
dence;  and  The  Life  of  Charles  Carroll  of 
Cairollton. 

Rowland,  Thomas  Fitch,  manufacturer, 
cngineei'.  was  born  ^larch  15,  1831,  in  New 
Haven,  Coini.  In  1851  he  was  connected 
w  ith  a  New  York  engineering  and  building 
establishment,  and  became  a  general  ma- 
chinist, designer  and  builder  of  marine  and 
other  machinery.  In  185!)  he  established  a 
business  on  his  own  account  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  he 
constructed  gun  carriages  and  mortar  beds 
for  the  navy  department. 

Rowland,  William,  ship  builder,  was  born 
April  28,  1828,  in  Monmouth  Junction,  N.J. 
In  1894  he  built  the  Priscilla  of  the  Fall 
Rivi'r  line,  which  is  acknowledged  to  be 
the  finest  vessel  alloat.  He  also  finished 
the  ships  ownied  by  the  Old  Dominion  line 
of   steamers. 

Rowlee,  Willard  Winfield,  educator,  gene- 
alogist, author,  was  born  Dec.  15,  1861, 
in  Fulton,  N.Y.  Since  1896  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  botany  and  stiperintendent  of 
the  Cornell  university  grounds.  He  is  the 
author  of  Lieutenant  Heman  Rowlee  and 
l:is    descendants. 

Rowley,  John,  taxidermist,  author,  Avas 
Lorn  March  11,  1866,  in  Hastings-on-Hud- 
son,  N.Y.  Since  1893  he  has  been  chief 
taxidermist  of  the  American  museum  of 
'  natural  history.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Art  of   Taxidermy. 

Rowley,  Thomas  Algeo,  soldier,  lawyer, 
was  born  Oct.  5,  1808.  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.  He 
served  in  the  Mexican  war.  In  1862  he  was 
made  brigadier-general  for  services  at  Fred- 
ericksburg, Va.  In  1866-70  he  was  I'nited 
States  marshal  for  the  western  district  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  died  May  14,  1890,  in 
Pittsburg.   Pa. 

Rowley,  William  Reuben,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1824,  in 
({ouverneur,  N.Y.  He  was  brevetted  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers  in  1865.  He 
then  returned  to  Halena,  111.;  and  was 
county  judge  in  1877-86.  He  died  Feb.  9, 
188(),  "in"  Chicago,   Hi. 

Rowse,  Samuel  Worcester,  ])a inter,  art- 
ist, was  born  dan.  29,  1822.  in  Bath,  Maine. 
He  has  ,le\-oted  hiinscdf  to  drawing  in 
black  and  white;  and  his  works  in  crayon, 
chielly  portraits  and  ideal  heads  of  chil- 
dren, are  well  known  to  tlie  public, 

Rowson,  Mrs.  Susanna  Haswell,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  in  1762  in  England, 
^ler  Charlotte  Temple  was  the  most  pop- 
I'lar  tale  of  its  day.  In  179.'{  she  came 
ngain  to  America;  and  after  a  short  ca- 
reer as  an  actress  opened  a  school  in  Bos- 
ton, which  was  very  successful.  She  was 
the  author  of  Victoria:  Mary,  or, the  Test 
of  Honour:  The  Fille  de  Chambre;  Tho 
Inipiisitor;    The   Trials  of   (lie   Heart;    Reu- 


70 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ben  and  Rachel;  Lucy  Temple,  a  sequel 
to  Charlotte  Temple;  Miscellaneous  Poems; 
The  Slaves  of  Algiers,  an  opera;  The  Vol- 
unteers, a  farce;  and  The  French  Patriot, 
a  comedy.  She  died  March  2,  1824,  in  Bos- 
ton,  Mass. 

Roy,  Joseph  Edwin,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  7,  1827,  in  Martinsburg,  Ohio. 
Since  18.53  lie  has  been  a  clergyman  of  the 
congregational  church;  and  is  now  pastor 
of  the  first  congregational  church  of  Oak 
Park,  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Pilgrim's 
Letters. 

Royall,  Mrs.  Anne,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  June  11,  1769,  in  Virginia.  She  was 
editor  of  the  Washington  Paul  Pry.  She 
was  the  author  of  The  Black  Book;  The 
Tennessean,  a  novel;  Sketches  of  History, 
Life,  and  Manners  in  the  United  States ;  and 
A  Southern  Tour;  Letters  from  Alabama. 
She  died  Oct.   1,   18.54,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Royall,  Isaac,  soldier,  philanthropist,  was 
born  about  1720.  Among  numerous  be- 
quests he  left  two  thousand  acres  of  land  in 
Worcester  county,  Mass.,  for  the  endow- 
ment of  a  law  professorship  in  Harvard. 
This  was  established  in  1815  and  is  known 
by  his  name.  The  town  of  Royalston, 
Worcester  county,  Mass.,  was  named  for 
him.     He  died  in  October,  1781,  in  p]ngland. 

Royall,  William  Bedford,  soldier,  was  born 
April  15,  1825,  in  Virginia.  He  was  first 
lieutenant  of  the  Missouri  mountain  vol- 
unteers in  the  Mexican  war.  He  served 
throughout  the  civil  war,  and  in  1865  was 
bre vetted  colonel.  In  1876  he  took  part  in 
the  Yellowstone  expedition ;  and  in  1887 
was  retired  from  active  service  with  the 
rank  of  colonel  of  cavalry.  He  died  Dec. 
i;3,    1805,    in    Washington,    D.C. 

Royce,  George  Monroe,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  about  1852,  in  Westmoreland 
county,  Va.  He  served  in  the  civil  war  as 
a  bugler  in  the  third  Indiana  cavalry  at 
the  age  of  twelve  years.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Little  Bugler;  and  other  work. 

Royce,  Homer  Elihu,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  June  14, 
1820,  in  East  Berkshire,  Vt.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Vermont  state  legislature  in 
1846-47;  and  was  prosecuting  attorney  for 
llie  state  in  1848.  He  was  a  state  senator 
in  1840-51 ;  and  in  1857-61  he  was  a  repre- 
.sentative  from  Vermont  to  the  thirty-fifth 
and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  In  1870-82  he 
was  an  associate  justice;  and  in  1882-90 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Vermont.  He  died  April  24,  1891,  in  St. 
Albans,   Vt. 

Royce,  Josiah,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Nov.  20,  1855,  in  (irass  Valley,  Cal.  Since 
1892  lie  has  been  professor  of  the  liistory  of 
phil()S()|)hy  at  Harvard  university.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Religious  Aspect  of  Phil- 
osophy; California;  a  Study  of  American 
Cliaracter;  The  Feud  of  Oakfield  Creek,  a 
novel;  Primer  of  Logical  Analysis;  The 
Spirit    of    Modern    Philosophy;    Studies    of 


Good  and   Evil;    The   World   and  the   Indi- 
vidual; and  The  Conception  of  Immortality. 

Royce,  Stephen,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, governor,  was  born  Aug.  12,  1787, 
in  Tinmouth,  Vt.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Vermont  legislature  in  1815-16  and 
1822-24.  He  was  judge  of  the  Supreme 
court  of  the  state  in  1826-27  and  1829-52. 
He  was  chief  justice  in  1846-51;  and  was 
governor  of  Vermont  in  1854-56.  He  died 
Nov.   11,   1868,  in   East  Berkshire,  Vt. 

Roye,  Edward  James,  philanthropist,  was 
born  Feb.  3,  1815,  in  Newark,  Ohio.  He 
emigrated  to  Liberia  in  1846;  was  elected 
to  the  house  of  representatives  in  1849;  was 
chief  justice  in  1865-68;  and  was  elected 
fifth  president  of  Liberia  in  1870.  He  died 
Feb.    12,    1872,    in    Liberia. 

Royer,  John  A.,  soldier,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Feb.  15,  1840,  in  Franklin" 
county.  Pa.  During  the  civil  war  he  was 
s'P])ointed  surgeon  in  the  department  of 
Virginia;  subsequently  raised  a  cavalry 
company;  and  was  commissioned  first  lieu- 
tenant. For  twentj'-five  years  he  practiced 
medicine  in  Carey,  Ohio;  and  since  1893 
in  Toledo.  For  four  years  he  was  examin- 
ing pension  agent. 

Royer,  John  Groff,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  April  22,  1838,  in  Hartleton, 
Pa.  He  lias  been  president  of  the  Mt. 
Morris    college,   Illinois,   since    1884. 

Royle,  Vernon,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  dune  9,  1846,  in  Paterson,  N.J. 
In  1877  lie  joined  with  his  father  and 
brother  in  establishing  the  machine  busi- 
ness since  known  as  John  Boyle  and  sons, 
and  since  then  has  devoted  the  greater 
part  of  his  time  to  original  work  in  invent- 
ing. He  has  developed  three  distinct  linos 
of  machiner,y,  the  photo  engraving  machin- 
ery, the  jacquard  card  cutting  machinery 
and  tubing  and  insulator  machines.  He 
has  also  made  many  valuable  inventions  in 
otlier  lines,  including  the  first  gros  grain 
(luiller  designed  for  the  silk  trade  in  the 
United  States;  a  universal  stereo  and  single 
lens  camera  shutter;  an  electric  temper- 
ing furnace;  electric  switches  for  use  on 
machines  equipped  with  individual  motors; 
spinning  fiiers;  and  flushing  valves.  His 
contributions  to  the  mechanical  advance- 
ment of  the  United  States  are  remarkable 
not  alone  for  extent  and  variety  but  for 
their  entirely  practical  character  as  well. 
His  original  work  is  covered  by  seventy- 
eight  patents. 

Royse,  Lemuel  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Jan.  19,  1848,  in  Kosciusko  coun- 
ty, Ind.  In  1876-78  he  was  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  the  thirty-third  judicial  circuit 
of  Indiana.  He  was  mayor  of  the  city  of 
Warsaw  in  1885-91.  In '  1895-99  he  was  a 
representative  from  Indiana  to  the  fifty- 
fourtli  and  fifty-fifth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Rozier,  J.  Ad.,  lawyer,  government  oOicial, 
Avas  born  Dec.  31,  1817,  in  St.  Genevieve, 
Mo.      In     1861    he    was    a    delegate    from 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


71 


Louisiana  to  the  secession  convention.  He 
was  tendered  the  ollice  of  governor  ot  the 
state  of  Louisiana,  but  declined.  For  fif- 
teen years  he  was  president  of  tlie  New 
Orleans  bar  association;  and  in  1865  be- 
came mayor  of  New  Orleans,  La.  He  died 
Dec.  13.  1896,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Rubey,  Thomas  Lewis,  congressman,  was 
born  Sept.  27,  1862,  in  Lebanon,  Mo.  He 
has  been  a  member  of  the  state  senate  of 
Missouri;  and  in  190,3-05  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  that  state.  In  1911-15  he  was 
a  representative  from  Missouri,  to  the  sixty- 
becond  and  sixty-tliird  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. 

Rublee,  Horace,  journalist,  librarian,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  Aug.  19,  1829,  in  Berk- 
shire, Vt.  In  1869-80  he  was  United  States 
minister  to  Switzerland.  In  1881  he  as- 
sumed the  editorsliip  of  the  Milwaukee 
Republican  and  News;  and  in  1882  became 
editor  of  the  Milwaukee  Sentinel.  He  died 
Oct.  19,  1806,  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Rucker,  Atterson  Walden,  soldier,  miner, 
li'.wyi'r.  jurist,  eongicssnian,  was  born  April 
3,  1847,  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.  He  Avas  edu- 
cated in  the  common  schools  of  Kentucky 
and  Missouri.  He  served  four  years  in  the 
confederate  states  army.  He  practiced  law 
in  tile  courts  of  Missouri,  Kansas  and  Col- 
orado; and  in  1870  moved  to  Leadville,  Col. 
He  was  judge  of  the  court  of  record  in 
Lake  county.  Col.;  and  in  1909-11  was  rep- 
resentative from  Colorado  to  the  sixty-first 
oongres    as    a    democrat. 

Rucker,  Daniel  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
April  28,  1812,  in  ISelleviile,  N..].  In  1865 
he  received  the  brevets  of  major-general, 
I'nited  States  army;  and  major-general, 
L'nitcd  States  volunteers,  for  faithful  and 
meritorious  service  during  the  war.  In  1882 
he  was  made  brigiulier-general  and  quarter 
master-gcn"ral ;  and  retired  from  the  army 
in    1882. 

Rucker,  Howard  Lewis,  educator,  was 
born  .l;iii.  12.  1852.  in  .lacksoiiville.  111.  He 
is  president  of  the  uiii\irsity  of  commerce 
an(i   limnice  in   .Miiineapdlis.  .\linn. 

Rucker,  Louis  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
•Ian.  13.  1842.  in  Illinois.  He  served 
throughout  tlie  civil  w:ir;  ami  in  1864  at- 
ta'ned  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant.  In  1866 
he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
Inited  States  cavalry;  was  made  captain 
in  1879;  and  became  colonel  in  1901.  In 
10:i3  he  was  retirid  willi  the  rank  of  i>rig- 
adier-g  neral  in  the  I'nited  .States  army, 
lie   died   .Inly   !>.    1906.   in    Los   Angeles,   Cal. 

Rucker,  William  P.,  soldier,  farmer,  pliy- 
sician.  iawy.  r,  svas  born  Nov.  9,  1831,  in 
Lynchi>urg,  Va.  He  received  his  education 
in  Collins  instituti',  the  uni\ersity  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  the  .lell'erson  medical  college. 
He  was  prnsecuting  attorney  for  two  years 
for  (j'reeni)rier  county,  W.  \'a.:  and  two 
years  for  Pocahontas  county.  During  the 
civil  war  he  served  as  a  major  of  the  thir- 
teenth    regiment     Wist     \iigiiia     infantry; 


was  aide-de-camp  to  tienerals  Fremont,  Sie- 
gel  and  Crook;  and  commanded  for  a  short 
time  the  third  district  of  the  West  Virginia 
lioMie  guards.  After  the  civil  war  he  was 
a  successful  merchant  and  tobacconist  of 
Lynchburg,  Va.  He  is  one  of  the  foremost 
lawyt-rs  of  the  south,  at  Lewisburg,  W.  Va. 

Rucker,  William  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  1,  1855,  near  Cov- 
ington. Va.  For  three  terms  he  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Chariton,  Mo.;  and  in 
]893-!)5  was  judge  of  the  circuit  court.  In 
1899-1915  he  was  a  representative  from 
jNIissouri  to  tl>e  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh, 
Jifty-eighth.  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first, 
sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses  as 
a   democrat. 

Ruckle,  Nicholas  R.,  soldier.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  during  the 
civil  war.  He  died  jNIaj'  4,  1900,  in  In- 
dianapolis,  Ind. 

Ruckstubl,  Fred  Wellington,  designer, 
sculptor,  was  born  May  22,  1853,  in  Al- 
sace. Among  his  works  of  sculptor  are  the 
bronze  heroic  group  entitled  ^lercury 
Amusing  Himself;  Solon,  in  the  library  of 
congress ;  the  equestrian  statue  of  Briga- 
dier-General John  F.  Hartranft  on  Capitol 
hill,  Harrisburg,  Pa.;  and  the  confederate 
monument  The  Defense  of  the  Flag  in  Lit- 
tle  Kock,   Ark. 

Rudd,  Channing,  educator,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Illinois.  Since  1900  he 
has  been  a  member  of  the  bar  of  the  su- 
])rfme  court.  For  five  years  he  was  li- 
brarian, registrar  and  professor  of  law  at 
Columbian  university.  He  was  the  founder 
of  tlic  junior  congress  of  the  United 
States;  and  organized  and  established  the 
Intercontinental   university. 

Rudd,  John  Churchill,  clergyman,  found- 
er, was  born  .May  24,  1779.  in  Norwich. 
Conn.  In  1827  he  began  the  publication  of 
The  Cospel  Messenger,  a  religious  weekly, 
representing  the  doctrines  and  advocating 
the  ])rinciples  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
cluircii ;  and  continued  to  be  its  editor  dur- 
ing the  rest  of  his  life.  He  was  the  author 
of  Tribute  to  Departed  Excellence;  and  oth- 
er sermons.  He  tlied  Nov.  15,  1848,  in 
I  Ilea.    N.V. 

Rudder,  William,  clergyman,  author,  was 
l)orn  in  1820  in  British  (Juinea.  He  was 
an  episco]>al  cleigyman  of  Philadelphia; 
a>i(l  rector  of  St.  Stejihen's  churcli.  Ik- 
was  the  author  of  Sermons;  and  A  Ra- 
tionale of  the  Church's  l.iturgic  Worship. 
He  dif'd   in    Philadelphia.    I'a. 

Ruddiman,  Edsel  Alexander,  ethieator, 
pliarinacist.  antlior.  was  liorn  Dei-.  27,  1864, 
Id  Dearborn,  .Mk-h.  Since  1897  he  has 
been  chemist  to  the  Tennessee  board  of 
pharmacy;  and  since  1890  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  pharmacy  and  imiteria  medica  at 
Vanderbilt  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
Ini-cmi-tt iliilities  in  Prescript'ons ;  Whys  in 
l*liarniae\  ;   and   Manual  of  Materia   Medica. 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Rude,  Mrs.  Ellen  Sergeant,  poet,  was 
born  March  17,  1838,  in  Sodus,  N.Y.  She 
is  a  temperance  advocate  at  St.  Augus- 
tine, Fla.  She  is  the  author  of  a  volume 
of   poems    entitled   Magnolia   Leaves. 

Rudel,  Charles  A.,  public  ofheial,  was 
born  Aug.  20,  18()8,  in  Baden.  Germany.  He 
is  prominent  in  political  affairs  of  Peoria, 
111.,  was  town  clerk  of  Peoria  township  in 
1893;  and  since  1894  has  served  as  county 
clerk. 

Rudkin,  Frank  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  is 
associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  \Vashington  for  the  term  of 
1902-08. 

Rudolph,  Cuno  H.,  banker,  was  'born 
June  2(j,  180O,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  at- 
tended the  Bryant  and  Sadtler  business 
college.  For  thirty  years  he  was  engaged 
in  the  hardware  business;  and  in  banking 
for  five  years  as  vice-president  of  the  Na- 
tional Metropolitan  bank.  In  1910-13  he 
was  president  of  the  board  of  commission- 
ers for  the  District  of  Columbia.  Since 
1913  he  has  been  president  of  the  Second 
National  bank  of  \A'ashington.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Washington  board  of  trade, 
the  Washington  chamber  of  commerce  and 
other    institutions. 

Rudolph,  Michael,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
was  born  in  1754  in  Maryland.  In  1778 
he  joined  the  United  States  army ;  and  held 
the  rank  of  captain  of  hi.s  legion.  In  1790 
he  was  commissioned  captain  in  the  first 
infantry  United  States  army;  and  in  1794 
was  appointed  adjutant  general  and  in- 
spector United  States  army.  He  subse- 
quently engaged  in  trade  with  the  West  In- 
dies.    Tie  died  m   1795  at  sea. 

Ruebsam,  jonn  Kmil  Herman,  inventor, 
was  born  March  19,  1841,  in  Prussia.  He 
was  operator  and  inventor  for  the  move- 
ment treatment  at  the  Union  hospital  of 
Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  and  he  is  the  inventor 
of  various  kinds  of  apparatus  for  medical 
use. 

Ruetenik,  Herman  Julius,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, college  uresitlent,  author,  was  borii 
Sept.  20,  182(5,  in  Germany.  In  1852  he 
entered  the  ministry  of  the  reformed  church 
in  tlie  I'nited  States;  and  has  been  an  emi- 
nent minister  and  religious  publisher  of 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  has  been  president  of 
the  Calvin  college  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He 
is  the  autlior  of  Pioneers  of  the  Reformed 
Church  in  America;  and  several  works  in 
Clerman. 

Ruff,  Charles  Frederick,  soldier,  was  born 
Oct.  10.  1818,  in  Phila<leli)liia,  Pa.  He  was 
brevetted  major  for  gallant  and  meritori- 
ous condiu't  in  the  INlexican  war.  He  was 
brevetted  colonel  and  l)rigadier-general  U. 
S.  army  in  18(15;  and  in  1808-70  served  as 
))r(if'.ssor  of  military  science  in  the  univer- 
sitv  of  Pennsvlvania.  lie  died  Oct.  1.  1885, 
in    Philadeii.llia,    Pa. 

Ruffin,  Edmund,  soldier,  agriculturist, 
ii)uni:ilist,     state     legislator,     author,     was 


bom  Jan.  5,  1794,  in  Prince  George  county, 
Va.  He  served  in  the  Virginia  legislature; 
was  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  agricul- 
ture; agricultural  surveyor  of  South  Caro- 
lina; for  many  years  was  president  of  the 
Virginia  Agricultural  society;  and  was  the 
discoverer  of  the  value  of  marl  as  a  fer- 
tilizer of  poor  soil,  by  the  use  of  which  mil- 
lions of  dollars  were  added  to  the  value  of 
real  estate  of  eastern  Virginia.  The  first 
gun  was  fired  in  18(51  by  Edmund  Ruffin  of 
Virginia,  who  committed  suicide  soon  after 
the  close  of  the  civil  war.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Essay  on  Calcareous  Manures;  Es- 
say on  Agricultural  Education ;  and  Anti- 
cipations of  the  Future  to  Serve  as  Les- 
sons for  the  Present  Time.  He  died  June 
15,    1805,   in  Rednioor,   Va. 

Ruffin,  Mrs.  Margaret  Ellen  Henry,  lit- 
terateur, ])oet,  was  born  Aug.  20,  1857, 
in  Baldwin  county.  Ala.  She  is  profi- 
cient in  mnsic,  and  a  linguist.  She  is  the 
author  of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  Drift- 
ing Leaves ;  John  Gildart ;  and  The  North 
Star. 

Ruffin,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Edgecombe  county,  N.C. 
He  served  as  circuit  attorney  of  the  sev- 
enth judicial  circuit  of  the  state  of  Mis- 
souri in  1844-48.  In  1853-01  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the 
thirty-third,  thirty-fourth,  thirty-fifth  and 
thirty-sixth  congresses.  He  took  part  in 
the  civil  war  as  a  member  of  the  confed- 
erate congress ;  having  previously  been  a 
delegate  to  the  peace  congress  of  18G1.  He 
died  in  October,   1803,  in  Alexandria,  Va. 

Ruffin,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  17, 
1787,  in  King  and  Queen  county,  Va.  He 
served  in  the  North  Carolina  legislature  in 
1813-10,  becoming  speaker  in  the  latter 
year.  He  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
in  1810-18,  and  elected  again  in  1825; 
and  was  chief  justice  of  the  stata  supreme 
court  in  1829-52  and  1856-58,  after  which 
lie  served  as  presiding  judge  of  the  county 
court.  He  died  Jan.  15.  1870.  in  Hillsboro, 
N.C. 

Ruffner,  David,  manufacturer,  jurist,  leg- 
islator, inventor,  was  born  in  1707,  in 
Page  county,  Va.  He  invented  many  ap- 
))lianees  that  have  since  made  artivsian  well 
boring  ])oss'ble.  In  1817  he  began  the  man- 
ufacture of  salt  in  Kanauka  county,  Va. 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  state  leg- 
islature; and  was  for  many  years  presid- 
ing judge  of  the  county  court.  He  died  in 
1S'!7,    in    Cincinnati,    Ohio. 

Ruffner,  Ernest  Howard,  soldier,  was 
liorn  Juiiv'  24,  1845,  in  Louisville,  Ky.  In 
1807  he  was  conunissioned  first  I'eutenant 
in  tlie  engineers'  corps;  in  1889  became 
nnijor;  and  in  1900  attained  the  rank  of 
colonel,  lie  has  been  engaged  on  river  and 
harbor  work  in  Detroit,  iinllalo,  Baltimore, 
New   Orleans;    and    other   cities. 

Ruffner,    Henry,    educator,    author,    was 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


73 


born  Jan.  19.  17S9,  in  Paj^o  county,  Va. 
He  was  a  professor  at  Washington  college 
in  1819-37;  and  its  president  in  1837-48. 
Hi  was  the  author  of  Fathers  of  the  Des- 
ert; a  History  of  .Monarchism ;  and  Future 
Punishment.  He  died  Dec.  17,  18(51,  in 
Maiden.   \a. 

Ruffner,  William  Henry,  educator,  ge- 
ologist, clergynuui.  author,  was  born  Feb. 
11.  lS2-(,  in"  Lexington,  Va,  In  1884  he 
foundeil  the  State  normal  female  school  of 
^'irginia:  and  was  tiie  first  superintendent 
of  public  instruction  in  X'irginia.  He  was 
the  author  of  the  Virginia  school  law; 
School  Rei)orts  of  Virginia,  in  eleven  vol- 
umes; (leoiogical  Re])ort  on  Wasliington 
Territory;  and  Charity  and  the  Clergy.  He 
died  Nov.   24,    1908,   in   Lexington,   \a. 

Ruger,  Thomas  Howard,  soldier,  was  born 
April  -2,  1833,  in  Lima.  X.Y.  In  18(i2  he 
was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
luiteers :  and  was  subsequently  promoted 
to  major-general.  In  18(58  he  was  provi- 
sional governor  of  (ieorgia ;  and  in  1871-7') 
was  superintendent  of  the  United  States 
Military  academy.  He  retired  from  the 
army  in  1807  witli  rank  of  major-general. 
He  died  June  3.  1907,  in  Stamford,  Conn. 

Ruger,  William  Crawford,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Jan.  30,  1824,  in  Bridgewater, 
N.Y.  In  1882  he  was  elected  chief  judge  of 
the  New  ^'ork  court  of  appeals.  He  died 
Jan.    14.    1892.    in    Syracuse.    N.Y. 

Rugg,  Arthur  Prentice,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Aug.  20.  1802.  in  Sterling,  Mass. 
In  lOOG  he  was  api)ointed  an  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  judicial  court  of  Mas- 
sachusetts. Since  1897  he  has  been  trustee 
of'»  the    Worcester   meclianies'    savings    bank. 

Rugg,  Henry  Warren,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  3,  1833,  in  Framingham, 
.Ma>s.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
scbfKils;  attended  Mt.  Ilollis  academy;  and 
received  the  degree  of  S.T.D.  from  Tufts 
college.  For  twenty-eight  years  he  was 
pastor  ~of  tlie  chureli  of  mediator  at  Provi- 
dence, R.I.;  and  for  a  numl)er  of  years  was 
president  of  the  school  conunittee  of  that 
» ity.  He  was  secretary  of  Tufts  college  of 
Massachusetts;  and  chairman  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  general  cnnxciit ion.  He 
was  a  prominent  mason;  attained  the  thir- 
ty-second degree  in  the  Scottish  rite;  and 
was  deputy  grand  master  of  the  grand  en- 
campment knights  tem|i]ar  of  tiie  I'nited 
Slates.  He  was  the  author  of"  Lives  of  tlu' 
Presidents;  The  Church:  One  Word  for 
Missions;  and  numerous  .Masonic  works, 
lie    .lied    \oV.     Hi.     1911. 

Ruggles,  Benjamin,  lawyer,  jurist.  I'nit- 
ed States  seiuitor,  was  boiri  Feb.  21,  1782. 
in  Pomfret,  Conn.  He  removed  to  St. 
Cla'rsville.  Ohio;  and  in  1810  was  elected 
president  j^idgi-  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  fir  (he  third  ciicuit  of  Ohi<).  In 
181.'>-33  he  was  Cnited  Stales  .senator  from 
Ohio.  He  died  Sept.  2.  1857.  in  St.  Clairs- 
ville,    Ohio.  • 


in    Fredericksburg, 


Ruggles,  Charles  Herman,  lawyer,  jurist, 
cougressiuan,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1789,  in 
Millord,  Conn.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  state  legislature  in  1820.  In 
1821-23  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
^'oik  to  the  se\enteenth  congress;  and  was 
tor  many  years  a  judge  of  the  circuit  court. 
He  served  for  a  second  term  in  the  state 
legislature;  and  was  a  jvulge  of  the  court 
of  appeals  and  presiding  judge  in  1853-55. 
He  died  .lune  1(5,  18(55,  in  Poughkeepsie, 
N.Y. 

Ruggles,  Daniel,  soldier,  was  born  Jan. 
31,  1810,  in  Barre,  Mass.  He  joined  the 
confederate  army;  and  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general  in  the  same  year.  He 
became  nuijor-general  in  18(53;  and  com- 
manded the  department  of  the  Mississippi 
He  died  June  1,  1897 
\'a. 

Ruggles,  Emily,  merchant,  was  born  July 
1(>.  1827,  in  Dorchester,  JIass.  She  is  a 
descendant  of  Peregrine  \\'hite,  the  first 
child  born  among  the  Pilgrims  of  Massa- 
chusetts. Being  deeply  interested  iu  the 
reforms  of  the  day,  she  was  one  of  the  first 
women  in  ^lassachusetts  elected  to  the  of- 
fice of  school   committee. 

Ruggles,  George  David,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  11,  1833.  in  Newburgh.  N.Y.  In  1855 
he  graduated  from  ^^'est  Point ;   and  served 

on  the  frontier  and 
in  (he  territories  un- 
til 1861.  During  the 
civil  war  he  served 
with  Patterson  in 
1861;  was  in  charge 
of  the  organization 
of  the  volunteer  aiMuy 
in  1861-(52;  was  chief 
of  stall'  under  Pope 
in  1862;  and  was 
with  Secretary  Stan- 
Ion  in  1863.  in  1863- 
64  he  was  in  the 
eonNcri|)tion  bureau  and  ins])ection;  and  in 
1865  was  adjutant-general  army  of  the  Po- 
tomac under  Meade.  In  1868-76  he  was  in 
the  department  of  the  Platte;  and  in  the 
next  four  years  was  in  the  dei)artnu'nt  of 
the  Dakota.  He  won  many  brevets  for 
bravery  and  meritorious  services;  attained 
the  rank  ftf  adjutant-general  of  the  army; 
and  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  lirigadier- 
general  in  189(5.  In  1898  he  assunu-d  the 
duties  of  go\'ernor  of  the  soldiers'  lunne  in 
WashingUni.  D.C.  He  died  in  19(14  in 
\\;t--|iini;(on.    D.C. 

Ruggles,  Henry  Joseph,  lawyer,  autiior, 
was  born  .\ug.  1.  1813.  in  I'oughkeepsie, 
^.^'.  lie  practictul  law  in  New  York  City, 
lie  \\;i>  (he  auliior  of  The  I'lays  of  Shakes- 
peare Founde(l  on  Literary  Forms;  and  The 
.Meihod  of  Sliakespeare  as  an  Artist.  He 
di(d    in    liltHi.   in    New   York   City. 

Ruggles,  Hiram,  farmer.  lumiiennan. 
state  senator,  was  born  Oct.  M,  1813.  lie 
engaged    in    (he    nmnufacture    of    lumber    in 


74 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Carmel,  Mass.  In  1839  he  was  appointed 
a  justice  of  the  peace;  in  1846-51  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachuusetts  state  legis- 
lature; and  in  18.53-54  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate.  In  1873  he  was  appoint- 
ed collector  of  the  United  States  internal 
revenue.  He  is  a  trustee  and  treasurer  of 
the  East  Maine  conference  seminary  of 
Bueksport. 

Ruggles,  Henry  Stoddard,  financier,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  31,  1846,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  has  been  for  many  years  en- 
gaged in  the  manage- 
ment of  trust  proper- 
ty, having  charge  of 
K&  ^ft        large    estates   in   Bos- 

|K£^  JWt       ton.     His  residence  is 

^Htt^  jP^       ^"  ^^^^  town  of  Wake- 

K^if      "         jr*   „     field,      a      suburb      of 

that  city.  During  his 
leisure,  he  has  turned 
his  attention  some- 
what towards  litera- 
ture, writing  over 
his  own  name  as  well 
as  his  nom-de-plume 
of  Henry  Stoddard.  He  has  also  contribut- 
ed many  papers  to  historical  and  other 
periodicals  in  addition  to  several  books; 
and  his  writings  have  been  a  valuable  ac- 
quisition   to    current    literature. 

Ruggles,  James  M.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1818  in  Ohio.  In  18()1  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant and  regimental  quartermaster  in  the 
first  regiment  Illinois  cavalry;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. He  died  Feb.  16,  1901,  in  Hava- 
na,  111. 

Ruggles,  John,  mechanic,  lawyer,  jurist, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Oct.  8, 
1789,  in  Westborough,  Mass.  He  was  nine 
times  elected  to  the  Maine  legislature,  and 
olticiated  as  speaker  three  years.  In  1831- 
35  he  was  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas.  In  1833-41  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Maine.  He  died  June  20, 
1874.  HI  Thomaston,  ]\Iaine. 

Ruggles,  Joseph  Wesley,  musician,  com- 
posfr,  was  born  Dec.  2,  1837,  in  Milan, 
Ohio.  He  was  a  director  of  the  Conser\-a- 
tory  school  of  music  at  the  Upper  Iowa 
university  of  Fayette.  He  was  the  author 
of  a  number  of  anthems,  cantatas,  and  Sun- 
day school  songs.  He  died  in  Fayette, 
Ohio. 

Ruggles,  Nathaniel,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1761  in  Massachusetts.  In  1813-19 
)ie  was  a  representative  from  Massachu- 
setts to  the  thirteenth,  fourteenth  and  fif- 
teenth congresses.  He  died  Dec.  19,  1819,  in 
Roxbury.   Mass. 

Ruggles,  Samuel  Bulkeley,  lawyer,  finan- 
cier. ])hilanthro])ist,  was  born  April  11, 
1800.  in  New  Milford,  Conn.  He  was  one 
of  the  organizers  of  the  Erie  canal;  and 
was  a  representative  of  the  United  States 
in  the  international  monetary  conference 
at    Paris    in    1867.      He    laid    out   and    pre- 


sented Gramercy  I'ark  to  the  city  of  New 
York.  He  died  Aug.  28,  1881,  in  Fire 
Island,  N.Y. 

Ruggles,  Stephen  Preston,  inventor,  was 
born  July  4,  1808,  in  Windsor,  Vt.  He  was 
the  original  inventor  of  the  movable  platen 
in  printing  presses;  and  of  many  other 
features  which  are  still  in  use  in  printing 
presses.  He  also  invented  types,  presses, 
and  paper  for  printing  for  the  blind 
which  now,  like  his  devices  for  ste- 
reotyping, paper-cutting  and  ruling  and 
metal  working  machinery,  have  become 
common  property.  He  died  May  28,  1880, 
in  Boston,  Mass. 

Ruggles,  William,  educator,  philanthro- 
pist, was  Ijorn  Sept.  5,  1797,  in  Rochester, 
■  -Mass.  He  was  a  generous  contributor  to 
charitable  objects,  especially  those  of  the 
baptist  denomination.  To  Karen  Theolog- 
ical school,  in  Burinah,  lie  gave  during  his 
life  fifteen  thousand  dollars,  and  at  his 
death  he  left  it  a  legacy  of  twenty-five  thou- 
sand dollars.  He  died  Sept.  10,  1877,  in 
Washington,   D.C. 

Ruggles,  William  Benjamin,  journalist, 
lawver,  state  senator,  was  born  May  14, 
1827,  in  Bath,  N.Y.  In  1849  he  settled  in 
(ieorgia;  and  in  1854  established  there  the 
Daily  Intelligencer,  the  first  daily  newspa- 
per in  Atlanta.  Returning  to  Bath,  N.Y., 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork  state  as- 
sembly in  1876-77;  was  first  deputy  attor- 
ney-general of  New  Y'oVk  state  in  1878-81; 
was  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1883; 
and  in  1883-86  was  state  superintendent  of 
public  instruction  of  New  Y'^ork. 

Ruhl,  Arthur  Brown,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  1,  1876,  in  Rockford,  111. 
Since  1904  he  has  been  on  the  stall  of  Col- 
lier's Weekly.  He  is  the  author  of  a  his- 
tory of  American  track  athletics;  A  Break 
in  Training;   and  The  Otlier  Americans. 

Ruhrah,  John,  educator,  physician,  au- 
th.)r.  was  born  Sept.  26,  1872,  in  Chilli- 
cothe.  Ohio.  He  is  professor  of  diseases  of 
children  and  therapeutics  at  the  College  of 
physicians  and  surgeons  of  Baltimore,  J\Id. ; 
and  is  visiting  physician  to  several  hospi- 
tals. He  is  the  author  of  A  Manual  of 
Diseases  of  Infants  and  Children. 

Rulison,  Nelson  Somerville,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  April  24,  1842,  in  Car- 
thage, N.Y'.  In  1867-70  he  was  rector  of 
Zion  church  of  ^Morris,  N.Y'.  In  1870  he 
went  to  .lersey  City,  and  there  founded  and 
built  the  St.  John's  Free  church.  He  was 
subsequently  consecrated  protestant  episco- 
pal bishop  of  central  Pennsylvania.  He 
died    Sent.    1.    1807.    in    Cei'manv. 

Rumford,  Benjamin  Thompson,  coimt, 
philosopher,  author,  was  born  in  1753  in 
Maine.  After  serving  Great  Britain  in  the 
war  of  the  revolution,  he  entered  the  serv- 
ice of  the  elector  of  Bavaria.  He  rose  to 
the  position  of  minister  of  war,  and  was 
created  count  of  the  Holy  Roman  empire, 
taking    hi,s    title    Rumford    from    Riunford, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRAIxY   OF  AMERICAN  BI03RAPHY. 


75 


Logan   couiiiv. 


tile  Gcnesep   coiintv 


now  Concord.  X.H.  He  was  the  author  of 
Essays,  Political,  Economical,  and  Philo- 
sophical. He  died  Aug.  21,  1814,  near 
Paris,   France. 

Rumer,  James  F.,  physician,  surgeon 
state  senator,  was  born  pec.  12,  1852,  in 
Ohio.  lie  received  his  edu- 
cation at  Columbus, 
Ohio ;  graduated  from 
the  Kentucky  medical 
school  of  Louisville; 
and  graduated  from 
the  Rush  medical  col- 
lege of  Chicago,  111. 
He  has  attained  suc- 
cess as  an  eminent 
plij'sician  and  sur- 
geon of  Davidson, 
Mich.;  has  been  sur- 
geon for  several  rail- 
roads ;  president  of 
medical  society;  presi- 
dent of  the  town  of  Davidson;  president  of 
the  sciiool  board;  and  in  1905-06  was  a 
me'nlier   of   thi>   .Michigan   state   senate. 

Rumple,  Jethro,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  .March  10,  1827,  in  Cabarrus  county, 
N.C.  He  was  ordained  to  the  presbyterian 
ministry  in  1857.  Since  1860  he  has  filled 
a  pastorate  in  Salisbury,  N.C.  He  is  the 
author  of  History  of  Rowan  County,  N.C.; 
and  Hi  lory  of  the  First  Fifty  Years  of 
Davidson  College;  and  History  of  Presby- 
terianisin    in    North    Carolina. 

Rumple,  John  Nicholas  William,  soldier, 
lawyer,  fimgrcssman.  \as  born  March  4, 
18-11.  Ill  I'ostoria.  Ohio.  In  1861  he  en- 
listed in  the  second 
Iowa  cavalry ;  and 
was  mustered  out  as 
captain  in  1865.  He 
is  a  successful  law- 
yer of  .Marengo,  Iowa. 
In  1901-03  he  was  a 
representative  from 
Iowa  to  the  fifty-sev- 
enth congress.  He 
died  Jan.  31,  1903,  in 
('liiea<^o.    111. 

Rumsey,  Benjamin,  congressman,  was 
lidiii  iibiiiit  173(».  In  1776-78  be  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Maryland  to  the  continental  con- 
gress,     lie  (li"i|   ill   Maryland. 

Rumsey,  David,  congressman,  was  born 
in  .New  \ Oil;.  In  1847-51  he  was  a  repre- 
sMiilative  from  New  York  to  the  thirtieth 
and  Ibirlv-lirst  congresses.  Ik-  died  in 
I5:iili.   \.V. 

Rumsey,  Edward,  congressman,  was  born 
ill  Keiiliicky.  Ill  l8.'i7-39  he  was  a  rejire- 
xiitalive  from  Kentucky  to  the  twenty-fifth 
congnss.      lie   dii'd    In    Kentucky. 

Rumsey,  James,  inventor,  author,  was 
born  in  174:{  in  Bohemia  .Manor.  Md.  He 
was  a  inaebiiii-;*  by  trade.  In  1784  he  ex- 
liiiiited  to  Oeorge  NVashingtnii  the  model  of 
a   boat   for  stemming  the  current  of   rivers 


by  the  force  of  the  stream  acting  on  .set- 
tliiig  jioles,  which  he  patented  in  several 
states.  He  was  the  author  of  a  Short  Trea- 
tise on  the  Application  of  Steam.  He 
died  Dec.  23,  1792,  in  London,  iMigland. 

Rumsey,  Joseph  B.,  railroad  president, 
was  born  .\ng.  29.  1842,  in  :Mainesburg, 
Pa.  Since  1892  he  has  been  president  of 
the  Olcan.  Oswayo  and  Eastern  railroad. 

Rumsey,  Julian  Sidney,  merchant,  finan- 
cier. wa~  born  .\pril  3.  1823.  in  Batavia, 
N.Y.  He  was  identified  with  the  history  of 
(  liicago  for  more  than  half  a  century.  Dur- 
ing that  period  lie  was  mayor,  county 
treasurer,  and  president  of  tlie  board  of 
tvade.  He  died  April  20,  1886,  in  Chi- 
cago,  111. 

Runcie,    Constance   Fauntleroy,   musician, 
CDiiiposer.   author,    was    born   Jan.    15,    1836, 
ill    Indanapolis,   Ind.      She   is   the    wife    of 
^  ._.  James     Runcie,     cler- 

gyman. She  organ- 
ized the  Minerva, 
said  to  be  the  first, 
woman's  club  organ- 
ized in  .\merica.  She 
has  founded  several 
other  clubs;  and  is 
honorary  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  general 
federation  of  wom- 
en's clubs.  For  six 
years  edited  a  ciiurch 
paper ;  and  has  lec- 
I II  red  upon  subjects  of  culture  among  wom- 
(11.  She  has  composed  the  oiiera  The 
Prinze  of  Asturias;  tlie  cantata  We  Have 
Sinned  Unto  Death;  and  the  song  Take 
My  Soul,  O  Lord;  and  many  violin  and 
l<ano  solos.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
l?uriiiiig  (^»iiestio:i ;  Divinely  Led;  Essay  on 
Woman;  and  the  poems  Anselmo;  and 
Zaira. 

Rumsey,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
aiitiior,  was  bmii  Oct.  18,  1841,  in  Bath,  N. 
Y.  In  1861-65  he  served  during  the  civil 
war  in  the  Peninsula,  Shenandoah  valley, 
and  other  campaigns;  and  retired  with  the 
rank  of  iieiiti-nant-colonel.  He  jiracticed 
law  in  Bath,  N.V.  In  1880  he  was  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York.  He 
was  the  author  of  Rumsey's  Practice,  in 
three  volumes.  He  died  in  1903  in  Bath, 
N.V. 

Runk,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
.New  Jersey,  lie  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  IKH;  and  in  1845-47  he  was  a  repre- 
sciitati\('  from  New  Jersey  to  the  twenty- 
iiiiitb  congress.     He  died  in   Kingwood,  N.J. 

Rankle,  Benjamin  Piatt,  soldier,  ediic:i- 
tor,  lawyer.  \\;is  Ikuii  Sept.  3.  1837,  in  Lib- 
erty. Ohio.  I  iitil  1861  he  practiced  law  in 
Ohio.  During  the  civil  v  ar  he  was  cap- 
tain, major  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  the 
thirteenth  Ohio  iiifan.ry;  became  colonel 
<»f  the  Ohio  infantry  in  18(i2;  and  in  1865 
was   brevetted   major-general    in   the   United 


76 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


States  volunteers.  In  1872-77  be  was  en- 
gaged in  journalism;  and  is  now  professor 
of  military  scie?ice  and  tactics  at  Peekskill 
military  academy  of  Xew  York. 

Runkle,  Mrs.  Bertha,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  Berkeley  Heights,  N.J.  She  is 
the  wife  of  Captain  Louis  H.  Bash.  She  is 
the  author  of  The  Helmet  of  Navarre;  and 
The  Truth  About  Tolna. 

Runkle,  John  Daniel,  educator,  mathe- 
matician, author,  was  born  Oct.  11,  1822, 
in  Root,  N.Y.  He  was  president  of  tiie 
Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technologv'  in 
1870-78;  and  was  professor  of  mathematics 
in  that  institution.  He  is  the  author  of 
Elements  of  Plane  and  vSolid  Analytic  Ge- 
ometry.    He  died  in  1902  in  Massachusetts. 

Runkle,  Lucia  Isabella,  author,  was  born 
Aug.  20,  1844,  in  North  Brookfield,  ^Nlass. 
For  many  years  she  was  an  editorial  writer 
and  contril)utor  to  the  New  York  Tribune, 
in  which  she  published  a  brilliant  series  of 
articles  on  Cooking.  She  is  an  associate 
editor  of  Tiie  World's  Best  Literature. 

Runnels,  Harrison  R.,  state  legislator, 
governor,  was  Ixirn  in  ^lississippi.  He 
emigrated  to  Texas  in  1841;  and  served  in 
the  legislature  of  the  state,  and  was  speak- 
er of  the  house.  In  1855  he  was  elected 
lieutenant-governor;  and  in  1857  was  elect- 
ed govern<n-  of  Texas.  He  died  in  Cowie 
county.   Miss. 

Runnels.,  Hiram  G.,  governor.  He  was  the 
sixth  governor  of  .Mississippi,  in  1833-35. 
He  died   in   ^Mississippi. 

Runyan,  Henry,  business  man,  genealo- 
gist, was  burn  Nov.  9.  1832,  near  Peapack, 
N.J.  For  many  years  he  was  engaged  in 
the  book  and  stationery  business  in  Prince- 
ton, N.J.  He  is  tlie  author  of  Genealogies 
of  Pvunyan  and  ()sl)orn  Families. 

Runyan,  John  N.,  soldier,  was  born  April 
'?6,  18 1().  in  Warsaw,  Ind.  He  left  Warsaw 
in  December.  18()1.  with  a  number  of  re- 
cruits for  company 
E.  twelfth  Indiana 
infantry.  He  was  pro- 
moted second  lieuten- 
ant in  1863.  At  the 
battle  of  Chickamau- 
ga,  the  captain  and 
lirst  lieutenant  being 
wounded  early  in  the 
action,  the  command 
of  his  company  de- 
vohc'd  U|)on  LieuttMi- 
ant  IJunyan.  As  a 
diil]  master  he  was 
one  of  the  best.  He  displayed  remarkable 
bravery  while  engaged  in  a  sharp  skirmish, 
June  15,  18G4.  at  the  foot  of  Kenesaw 
mountain. 

Runnells,  John  Sumner,  lawyer,  banker, 
was  born  July  30,  1844,  in  EfTiiigluun,  N.ll. 
lie  graduated  witli  the  degree  of  A.B.  from 
Amherst  college.  In  18G8-18(i9  he  was  pri- 
vate secretary  to  Governor  Merrill  of  Iowa; 


was  United  States  consul  at  Tunstall,  Eng- 
land, 1.809-1871.  He  practiced  law  at  Des 
iMoines  in  1871-1887;  general  counsel  of 
the  Pullman  company  of  Chicago  in  1887, 
and  vice-president  and  general  counsel  from 
1905  to  1911;  since  1911,  president.  He 
has  been  senior  member  of  the  firm  of  Run- 
nells, Burry  &  Johnstone  since  1889;  presi- 
dent of  the  Roseland  state  savings  bank; 
director  ^lerchants'  loan  and  trust  com- 
pany; director  of  the  Pullman  trust  and 
savings  bank  and  other  corporations.  He 
has  been  a  delegate  to  the  republican  na- 
tional convention  and  a  member  of  the  re- 
publican national  committee.  In  1875-81 
he  was  reporter  of  the  supreme  court>  of 
Iowa;  and  in  1881-85  was  United  States 
district   attorney  for  Iowa. 

Runyan,  Richard,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  14,  1830.  For  two  terms  he  was 
mayor  of  Princeton,  N.J.  He  is  the  au- 
thor  of   l']ight  Hays  with  the   Confederates. 

Runyon,  Theodore,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Oct.  25,  1822,  in  Somerville,  N.J. 
When  the  civil  war  began  he  took  com- 
mand of  the  1st  brigade'  of  New  Jersey  vol- 
unteers; and  with  three  thousand  men 
reached  Washington  on  May  6,  1861.  Here 
he  erected  the  first  fortifications  for  the 
defense  of  the  national  capital,  which  were 
named  in  his  honor  Fort  Runyon.  He  was 
acting  nuxjor-general  of  thirteen  thousand 
live  hundred  troops  stationed  in  and  around 
Alexandria,  which  formed  the  4th  division 
of  the  anry  of  northeastern  X'irginia.  He 
die(l  .Ian.  27.   1890,   in  Berlin,  Germany. 

Runyon,  Walter  Clark,  iron  manufactur- 
er, business  president,  was  born  April  9, 
1857.  in  Chicago,  111.  In  1871  he  starte(l 
in  business  with  the  Union  rolling  mill 
company  of  Chicago,  111.;  and  in  1879  was 
secretary  of  that  company.  In  1881  he 
joined  the  lirm  of  Runyon,  Stubbs  and 
company;  and  in  1880  moved  to  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  to  engage  in  the  iron  ore  business. 
In  1894  he  organized  tlie  firm  of  Runyon, 
Stubbs  and  Mack;  and  was  engaged  in  the 
blast  furnace  business  as  the  Struthers  fur- 
nace comjjany.  In  1901  he  moved  to  N(>w 
York  Cit}-;  and  since  that  time  has  trav- 
eled extensively  in  Europe.  Fie  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Struthers  furnace  company; 
president  of  the  Struthers  coal  and  coke 
company;  and  is  senior  partner  of  Runyon, 
Fairbank   and  ct>m])any. 

Ruoff,  Henry  Woldmar,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  3,  1807,  in  German- 
town,  Pa.  He  was  educated  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Indiana,  at  Harvard  university,  at 
Columbia  university  and  abroad;  and  in 
1901  received  the  degree  of  D.C.L.  from  Col- 
umbia university.  In  1891-92  he  was  as- 
sistant in  etlviology  at  the  \\orld's  Colum- 
bian exposition;  and  in  1892-93  was  a  lec- 
turer in  psychology,  ethics  and  philosophy 
of  liistoiy  at  the  Pennsylvania  stale  col- 
lege. In  1895-1904  he  was  engaged  in  lit- 
erary   work    and    jmblishing;    and    in    1898- 


HERRINGSHAWS  T^IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


77 


1904  was  chief  editor  of  the  King-Richard- 
son company  of  Spriiijrfield.  Mass.  In  1904- 
06  he  was  associate-i-ditor  of  the  American 
Spectator;  in  1900-07  was  associate-editor 
of  Ridgway's;  and  since  1007  has  been  as- 
sociate-editor of  tlie  Nashville  Tennessean. 
He  lias  traveled  extensively  in  Enrope.  Asia 
and  Africa.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Cen- 
tury Book  of  Facts;  Woman  in  tiie  Middle 
Ages;  The  Pre-C'hristiun  Family;  Home 
and  State;  Leaders  of  Men;  The  Capitals 
of  the  U'orld :  and  The  Universal  ^Manual 
of  Ready   Reference. 

Rupley,  Arthur  Ringwalt,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  l:J,  l.SOS.  in  Cumberland 
county,  Pa.  He  has  been  city  solicitor.  In 
1913-15  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  tlie  sixty-third  congress. 

Rupp,  Isaac  Daniel,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  July  ID,  ISO."},  in  Cumberland 
county,  Pa.  He  was  an  industrious  local 
historian  of  Pennsylvania ;  and  wrote  his- 
tnrii'S  of  nearly  thirty  counties  in  his  state. 
He  was  the  author  of  Events  in  Indian 
History;  History  of  Religious  Denomina- 
tions in  the  I'nited  States;  Early  History 
of  Western  Pennsylvania;  and  Thirty 
Thousand  Names  of  Cerman  Emigrants. 
He  died  -Alay  :H.  1S7S,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Ruppert,  Jacob,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
i-iingrer^^man.  was  born  Aug.  5.  18(57.  in 
New    York    City.      He   was   educated    in    the 

Iiubiic  schools  and 
colleges  of  New  York. 
He  is  a  brewer  of 
New  York  City.  He 
was  a  memi)er  of  the 
seventh  regiment  New 
York   national  guard; 


a  n  d  w  a  s  aide-de- 
cani]! on  the  stair  of 
(lovcrnors  Hill  and 
Flower,  with  rank  of 
colonel.  In  1899-1907 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York 
to  till-  lifly-sixtb,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth 
and  lifty-ninth  congresse.s  as  a  democrat; 
and  served  on  several  very  important  com- 
mittees. 

Rusby,  Henry  Hurd,  botanist,  autlior, 
was  iiorn  April  20,  18.').j,  in  Franklin,  N.J. 
Sinci!  1888  he  has  been  professor  of  botany, 
physioldgy  and  materia  medica  in  the  Xew 
\  (»rk  college  of  pharmacy.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Essentials  of  Pharmacognosy;  Fifty 
^'ear^  <if  Milt' riii    .Mciljeji  ;  and  other  works. 

Ruschenberger,  William  S.  W.,  naval  sur- 
geon, autluu-.  was  born  Sept.  4,  1807.  in 
Cumberland  county,  X.  Y.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  ^\eademy  fif  natural  science  of 
l'hilad<'lpliia  in  1870-82;  and  |)resident  of 
the  College  of  physicians  in  l879-8;{.  lie 
was  the  author  of  Elements  of  Natural  His- 
tory; A  Voyjige  Around  the  World;  Three 
Weeks  in  the  Pacific;  Notes  and  Commenta- 
ries During  Voyages  to  Brazil  and  China; 
Lexicon    of    Natural     History    Terms;     Ac- 


count of  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons in  Philadelphia:  and  The  Brothers 
Kogers.  He  died  Mareli  24,  189-5,  in  Phila- 
delphia,  Pa. 

Rush,  Benjamin,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  iii(k'p(ii(ii'iu-e.  congressman,  was  born  Dec. 
24.   174."),  in  Bristol,  Pa,  He  was  an  earnest 

advocate  of  the  cause 
of  liberty;  and  in 
1770-77  he  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Pennsylva- 
nia to  the  continental 
congress;  and  was  a 
signer  of  the  declar- 
ation of  independence. 
He  was  a  member  of 
the  convention  called 
to  ratify  tlie  federal 
constitution;  and 

subse(iuently   held  the 
post  of  cashier  of  the 
He    took    an    active 
for    the    Abolition    of 


United    States    mint, 
part    in    tlie    society 


Slavery.  He  was  the  author  of  Treatise  on 
Diseases  of  the  Mind;  Essays,  Literary, 
Moral  and  Philosophical;  and  Sixteen  In- 
troductorv  Lectures.  He  died  April  19. 
1813,   in   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Rush,    Benjamin,    lawyer,    diplomat,    au- 
thor,   was   born   .Ian.   23,    1811, 


])liia.    Pa,      He   was   a   lawyer 


in  Philadel- 
of  Philadel- 
])iiia;  and  in  1837  was  appointed  secretary 
of  legation  at  London;  and  the  author  of 
Apjieal  for  the  Union ;  and  Letters  on  the 
IJebellion.  1802.  He  died  June  30,  1877,  in 
Paris.   France. 

Rush,  Jacob,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
horn  in  1740  in  Byberry  township.  Pa.  He 
was  a  judge  of  the  high  court  of  errors  and 
appeals  of  Pennsylvania  in  1784-1800;  and 
president  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of 
Philadelphia  ii  180G-20.  He  was  author  of 
Charges  on  floral  and  Religious  Subjects; 
Character  of  Christ;  and  Christian  Bap- 
tism. He  died  Jan.  o,  1820,  in  Philadel- 
])hia.  Pa, 

Rush,  James,  philanthropist,  author,  was 
bor-i  March  1.  1780.  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
He  was  the  founder  of  the  Ridgeway  li- 
brary of  Philadelphia,  to  which  he  left  one 
inillion  dollars.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Philosojihy  of  the  Human  \'oice;  Analysis 
of  the  Human  Intellect;  and  Rhymes  of 
Contrast  on  Wisdom  and  Folly,  He  died 
May   20.    1800.   in    Philadelphia,'  Pa. 

Rush,  Richard,  lawyer,  orator,  diplomat, 
cabin.!  otiicer,  autlioi,  was  born  Aug.  29, 
1780.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1814-17  he 
was  attorney-general  of  the  United  States. 
In  1817-2.)  he  was  minister  to  England. 
Ill  182.)-29  he  was  se<retarv  of  the  treas- 
ury; was  candidate  for  vice-president  on 
the  ticket  with  President  Adams;  and  in 
1847-o7  was  minister  to  France.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  Residence  at  the  Court  of 
St.  .lames;  Familiar  Letters  of  Washing- 
ton: and  Occasional  Productions,  He  died 
.Inly  30.   18.-i<).  in  Phila.lelphia,  I'a. 


78 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Rush,  William,  soldier,  sculptor,  was  born 
Julj'  4,  1756,  ill  Pliiladelphia,  I'a.  His 
best-known  statue  is  tliat  of  Washington, 
which  was  bought  by  the  city  of  Philadel- 
phia. He  served  in  the  revolutionary  army, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  councils  of  his 
native  city  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century.  He  died  Jan.  17,  1833,  in  Phila- 
delphia.  Pa. 

Rusk,  Harry  Welles,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  17,  1852, 
in    Baltimore,   Md.      In    1872   he   graduated 

from  the  Maryland 
university  law  school 
with  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  For  six  years 
he  was  a  member  of 
the  Maryland  house 
of  delegates ;  and  for 
four  years  a  member 
of  the  Maryland  state 
senate.  In  1885-97 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Baltimore 
to  the  fortj'-ninth, 
li  f  t  i  e  t  h,  fifty-first, 
fifty-fourth 


and 


fifty-second,      fifty-third 
congresses  as  a  clemocrat. 

Rusk,  Jeremiah  McLain,  soldier,  congress- 
man, governor,  cabinet  officer,  was  born 
June  17,   1830,  in  IMorgan  county,  Ohio.    He 

was  a  member  of  the 
Wisconsin  legislature 
in  1802.  He  was 
commissioned  major 
of  Wisconsin  volun- 
teers in  1802;  and 
was  brcvetted  briga- 
dier-general. He  was 
elected  bank  comp- 
troller of  Wisconsin 
in  1800,  and  re-elect- 
ed for  1808.  In  1871- 
77  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Wis- 
consin to  the  forty-second,  forty-third  and 
forty-fourth  congresses.  He  was  the  thir- 
teenth gDvi'riior  of  Wisconsin,  in  1882-89. 
In  1889-93  he  was  secretary  of  agriculture. 
He  died  Nov.  21,  1893,  in  Viroqua,  Wis. 

Rusk,  Thomas  Jefferson,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  L  nited  Statos  senator,  was  born 
Aug.  8,  1802,  in  Camden,  S.C.  He  served 
as  a  member  of  the  house  of  representa- 
ti>fes;  and  as  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court.  In  1845  he  was  president  of  the 
convention  that  consummated  the  annexa- 
tion of  Texas  to  the  United  States.  In 
1845-59  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died  July  29,  1850,  in  Nacogdoches,  Texas. 
Rusk,  William  Dougherty,  educator,  law- 
yer, was  horn  in  1850  in  Woodford  county, 
Ky.  In  1870  he  was  a  teacher  in  a  high 
sch.ool;  and  for  five  years  was  assistant  and 
six  years  principal.  In  1882  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law;  and  has 
since  l)een  in  active  practice  in  St.  Joseph, 
Mo. 


1704  in  Ijiswich,  Mass 
a     representative    from 


Rusling,  James  Fowler,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  April  14,  1834,  in  Wash- 
ington, N.J.  In  1801  he  became  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  fifth  regiment  of  the  New 
Jersey  infantry ;  was  promoted  to  colonel 
in  1805;  and  in  1800  attained  the  rank 
of  brevet  brigadier-general  for  faithful  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  civil  war. 
In  1808-77  he  ¥/as  United  States  pension 
agent  for  New  .Jersey;  and  in  1804-84  was 
a  trustee  of  Dickinson  college.  He  still 
practices  law  in  Trenton,  N.J.  He  is  the 
author  of  Across  America;  Men  and  Things 
I  Saw  in  Civil  W^ar  Days;  European  Days 
and  Ways;    and  other  works. 

Russ,  Adolph  Gustav,  financier,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  Jan.  19,  1820,  in  Saxony.  In 
1801-02  he  built  the  Russ  hotel  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Cal'fornia  state  assembly  in  1887-88;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  vigilance  committee 
of   1850. 

Russ,  Horace  P.,  inventor,  was  born  1821. 
He  invented  the  pavement  that  bears  Ids 
name.  He  died  Dee.  31,  1803,  in  Nova 
Scotia. 

Russ,    John,    congressman,    was    born    in 

In  1819-23  he  was 
Connecticut  to  the 
sixteenth  and  seventeenth  congresses.  He 
died  June  22,   1832,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Russ,  John  Denison,  physician,  philan- 
tliropist,  was  born  Sept.  1,  1801,  in  Essex, 
Mass.  In  1832  he  made  the  first  attempt 
in  the  United  States  for  the  instruction  of 
the  blind.  He  was  appointed  superintend- 
ent of  the  newly  chartered  New  York  insti- 
tution fcr  the  blind  in  the  same  year,  and 
in  this  ottice  introduced  many  methods  of 
teaching,  some  of  which  have  been  per- 
manently useful.  He  invented  the  ])honetic 
alphabet.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  New  York  prison  association;  estab- 
lished in  1850  a  house  of  employment  for 
women.  He  died  March  1,  1881,  in  Pomp- 
ton,   N.J. 

Russell,  Addison  Peale,  journalist,  state 
legislator,  author,  was  born  Sept.  8,  1820, 
in   Wilmington,  Ohio.     He  was   educated  in 

the  common  schools; 
and  received  the  de- 
gree of  Litt.D.  from 
the  Ohio  university. 
At  the  age  of  fifteen 
years  he  became  an 
apprentice  to  the 
printing  trade ;  and 
later  became  an  edi- 
tor and  publisher.  In 
1855  he  was  a  mem- 
lier  of  the  Oliio  state 
legislature;  and  in 
1857-01  was  secre- 
tary of  Oliio.  Fen-  six  years  he  was  in 
Nev/  Y^ork  as  financial  agent  of  Ohio.  He 
is  the  author  of  Half  Tints;  Library  Notes; 
Thomas  Corwin ;  Characteristics;  A  Club 
of  Onf ;   In  a  Club  Corner ;  and  Sub-Coelum. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


79 


Russell,  Alexander  Wilson,  naval  officor, 
was  born  Feb.  4,  1824,  in  Maryland.  In 
1861  he  was  appointed  paymaster  in  tlie 
United  States  navy;  was  promoted  throngli 
the  grades  of  pay  inspector  and  pay  direct- 
or; was  retired  in  188(1;  and  in  1900  was 
advanced  to  tlie  rank  of  rear  admiral.  He 
died   Nov.   2t;.    1008,   in   Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Russell,  Alfred,  jurist,  scholar,  orator, 
was  born  March  18.  18:50,  in  Plymouth,  N. 
H.     In   1850  lie  graduated   from  Dartmouth 

college,  and  in  1852 
from  the  H  a  r  v  a  r  d 
college  law  school. 
The  same  year  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  New  Hamp- 
shire; the  following 
year  to  the  bar  of 
Micliigan;  to  the  bar 
of  the  United  States 
circuit  court  on  June 
25,  1853,  and  to  the 
bar  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  Uniteil 
States  at  Washington  in  1858.  He  took 
])art  in  the  formation  of  the  republican 
]>arty.  In  1804  lie  was  sent  to  Montreal 
and  Toronto  by  Secretary  Seward  to  pro- 
cure extradition  of  the  St.  Albans  and 
Lake  Krie  raiders.  He  was  appointed 
I  nitcd  States  district  attorney  by  Presi- 
<h  nt  Liiiciilii:  iiml  was  professor  of  federal 
jurisprudence  in  the  Detroit  College  of 
Law.  He  was  the  author  of  many  patriotic 
and  college  addresses,  and  has  achieved  a 
national  re]mtalion  among  the  lawyers  and 
scholars  of  America.  He  died  in  Detroit, 
Mich. 

Russell,  Annie,  actress,  was  born  in  1809 
in  Liverpool,  Kngland.  In  1876  she  made 
her  first  a|)pearance  on  the  stage  in  Mon- 
treal. Canada.  She  has  traveled  in  South 
America  and  the  West  Indies  in  varied 
ic|n'rtitry.  Since  1895  she  has  appeared  in 
several  leading  roles;  and  in  1898  made 
her   lirst    iippciiraiice  in   Lngland. 

Russell,  Archibald,  philanthropist,  was 
born  ill  1811  in  Scoththd.  He  settled  in 
New  York  City  in  1830,  where  he  devoted 
his  time  and  fortune  to  benevolent  and  ed- 
ucational enterprises.  ]]i'  founded  the  Five 
Pxints  mission,  of  which  he  was  ]>resid('nt 
for  eiiilitcfii  years,  and  aiding  in  establish- 
ing the  Half-Orphan  asylum,  of  which  lie 
was  a  vice-president.  He  died  April  12, 
187L   in   New  York  City. 

Russell,  Benjamin,  soldier,  journalist, 
slate  senator,  author,  was  born  Sept.  13, 
1701.  in  Boston,  .Mass.  For  twenty-four 
years  he  was  a  representative  frf)m  Boston 
to  the  general  court  ;  and  was  several  years 
ill  the  state  senate.  For  many  years  he 
was  the  editor  and  owner  of  the  Colum- 
bian Sentinel.  He  died  Jan.  4,  1845,  in 
Boston,    .Mass. 

Russell,  Benjamin  Edward,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist,   state    legislator,    cungressman,    was 


disbanding 
regiment 


Rorn   Oct.   5,   1845,   in  Monticello,   Fla.     He 

entered  the  confed- 
erate a  r  m  y  as  a 
drummer  boy  in  the 
lirst  (Jeorgia  regi- 
ment ;  and  upon  the 
of  this 
he  enlisted 
in  the  eighth  Florida 
regiment,  continuing 
with  it  the  last  three 
years  of  the  war  with 
the  rank  of  first  lieu- 
tenant. He  entered 
the  printing  business, 
and  has  been  twenty-one  years  editor  of 
the  Bainbridge  Democrat.  In  1877  he  was 
a  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention ;  was  a  delegate  to  the  national 
democratic  convention  in  1880;  and  mayor 
of  Bainbridge  in  1881-82.  He  was  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  legislature  1882-83;  and 
I'ostinaster  at  Bainbridge  in  1885-90.  In 
1893-97  he  was  a  representative  from  Geor- 
gia to  the  fifty-third  and  fifty-fourth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Russell,  Benjamin  F.,  soldier,  journalist, 
legishitor,  poet,  was  born  Oct.  26,  1844,  in 
(ireenwood,  Maine.  During  the  civil  war 
he  served  as  first  lieutenant  in  the  third 
regiment  Massachusetts  cavalry.  He  served 
as  a  re|)reseiitati\e  in  the  Missouri  state 
legislature  in  1S91-95,  and  was  speaker  in 
that  body  in  1894-95.  He  is  a  noted  poet; 
and  editor  of  Crawford  Mirror  of  Stell- 
ville.    :M(). 

Russell,  Charles  Addison,  soldier,  mer- 
chant, state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born    March    2,    1852,    in    Worcester,    Mass. 

In  1881-82  he  was 
aide  on  Governor 
Bigelow's  stall",  with 
the  rank  of  colonel. 
In  1883  he  was  a 
member  of  the  gen- 
eral assembly  of  Con- 
n  e  c  t  i  c  u  t  ;  and  in 
1885-80  was  secretary 
of  state  of  Connecti- 
cut. In  1887-1903  he 
was  a  representative 
from  Connecticut  to 
the  fiftv-first,  fifty- 
second,  liftythird,  fifty-fourth,  (ifty-lifth, 
lifty-sixth  and  lifty-seventh  congresses.  He 
is  n  successful  woolen  merciiant  of  Kil- 
liiigly.  Conn.  He  died  Oet.  23,  1902,  in 
Danielson,    Conn. 

Russell,  Charles  Edward,  journalist,  pub- 
lisher, author,  was  born  Sept.  25,  1800,  in 
Davenport,  Iowa.  In  1900-02  he  was  pub- 
lisher of  the  (iiieago  American.  In  1902- 
(15  he  was  e<li(oiial  writer  for  the  New 
^■ork  Journal  and  for  the  San  Franci.seo 
lOxaniiner :  and  since  1!)05  has  neeii  on  the 
stall'  of  Kverybody's  Magazine  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  Sm-h  StulT  as 
Dreams;     The     Twin     Immortalities;     The 


80 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Greatest  Trust  in  the  World;  Soldiers  of 
the  Common  Good;  and  The  Upiising  of 
the   IS  [any. 

Russeli,  Charles  Theodore,  educator,  law- 
yer, legislator,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1815,  in 
Princeton,  ilass.  In  1830  he  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  law  in  Sutlolk,  [Mass.;  and 
in  1845  was  associated  with  his  brother. 
In  1844-50  he  was  a  member  of  the  lower 
liousp  of  legislature;  and  in  1850  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate.  In  1801-02  he 
was  mayor  of  Cambridge.  Mass. 

Russell,  Daniel  Lindsay,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Aug.  7, 
1845,  in  Brunswick  county,  N.C.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  North  Carolina  state  leg- 
islature in  1864-05  and  1876.  He  was 
judge  of  the  superior  courts  for  the  fourth 
judicial  circuit  in  1808-74.  In  1870-81  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  forty-sixth  con- 
gress. In  1897-1001  he  was  the  thirty- 
eighth  governor  of  North  Carolina.  He 
died   Mav  14.   1008.  in  Wilmington,  N.C. 

Russell,  David,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1800  in  Massa- 
chusetts. He  was  in  the  legislature  in  1810 
anci  in  1830;  was  subsequently  United 
States  district  attorney  for  northern  New 
York;  "and  in  1835-4l'  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  tlie  twenty-fourth,  twenty-fifth 
and  twenty-sixth  congress.  He  died  Nov. 
24,   1802.  in   Salem.   N.Y. 

Russell,  David  Allen,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1845  he  graduated  from 
the  United  States  military  academy.  In 
1845  he  was  second  lieutenant  in  the  first 
regiment  New  York  infantry;  and  in  1804 
attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
was  killed  Sept.  19,  1804,  in  the  battle  of 
Ope(iuan.    Va. 

Russell,  Edward  Lafayette,  soldier,  law- 
yer, railroad  president,  was  born  Aug.  19, 
1845,  in  Franklin  county,  Ala.  During  the 
civil  war  he  served  in  the  forty-first  Mis- 
sissippi regiment  confederate  army.  He 
then  became  a  cotton  planter;  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  1872;  and  in  1888  and 
1892  was  a  presidential  elector.  In  1897  he 
became  first  vice-president  and  acting  presi- 
dent of  the  IMol)ile  and  Oliin  railway,  of 
which  corporation  he  is  now  general  coun- 
sel. 

Russell,  Emory  Poole,  musician,  educator, 
lecturer,  was  born  Sept.  20,  1855,  in  New 
York  City.  This  eminent  musician  was 
proprietor  and  director  of  the  Conservatory 
of  ?^Iusic  in  New  York  state;  and  is  now 
director  of  music  in  the  public  schools  of 
Providence,  R.I.  He  is  also  director  of 
music  in  Rhode  Island  state  normal 
schools;  is  chapel  master  in  Brown  univer- 
sity; choir  director  in  college  church;  and 
superintendent  of  summer  school  of  the 
American  institute  of  normal  metliods  held 
at  Northwestern  university  of  Kvanston,  111. 
Russell,  Francis  Thayer,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  .Tune  10,  1828,  in 
Boston,    Mass.      He    is   an    episcopal    clergy- 


man and  educator  of  Waterbury,  Conn.; 
and  was  rector  of  St.  INIargaret's  school 
tliere  since  1875.  He  was  professor  of  elo- 
cution in  Berkeley  divinity  school  and  Gen- 
eral Tlieological  seminary  in  New  Y'ork 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Use  of  the 
Voice;  Juvenile  Speaker;  Practical  Read- 
er;  and  Vocal   Culture. 

Russell,  Frank,  educator,  zoologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  26,  1808,  in  Fort 
Dodge,  Iowa.  In  1892-94  he  was  in  anthro- 
pological and  zoological  work.  He  was  the 
author  of  Explorations  in  the  Far  North. 
He  died  in   1903   in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Russell,  Gordon,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.  Until 
1879  he  practiced  law  in  Dalton,  Ga. ;  and 
since  has  practiced  law  in  Texas.  In  1884 
he  became  county  judge  of  Van  Zandt 
county,  Texas;  and  in  1892  was  district  at- 
torney for  the  seventh  judicial  district  of 
Texas'.  In  1890-1902  he  was  district  judge 
for  the  seventh  judicial  district  of  Texas. 
In  1902-03  he  was  a  member  of  congress  to 
fill  a  vacancy;  and  in  1903-11  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Texas  to  the  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and  sixty-first  con- 
gresses. 

Russell,  Harry  Luman,  bacteriologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  IMarcli  12,  1860,  in  Poyn- 
ette.  Wis.  For  many  years  he  has  filled 
the  chair  of  bacteriology  in  the  university 
of  Wisconsin;  is  the  consulting  bacteriolo- 
gist to  the  Wisconsin  state  board  of  health ; 
and  has  made  valuable  researches  in  bac- 
teriology. He  is  the  author  of  Russell's 
Outlines   of   Dairy    Bacteriolog}'. 

Russell,  Henry,  song  writer,  was  born 
Dec.  24,  18 12.  in  Port  Kent,  N.Y.  He  is 
tiie  author  of  a  number  of  songs.  Among 
his  best  known  are  The  Maniac;  I'm 
Alioat:  The  Ivy  (ireen;  A  Life  on  the 
Green  Wave;  \\  oodnian,  Spare  that  Tree; 
The  Old  Arm-Chair;  and  There's  a  Good 
Time  Coming,  Boys. 

Russell,  Henry  Benajah,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  0.  1859,  in  Russell, 
Mass.  In  1890-97  he  was  associate  editor 
of  the  Hartford  Post;  and  is  now  editor  of 
the  Springfield  Homestead.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Life  of  \\'ili:am  McKinley;  Inter- 
national IMone'^rvy  Conferences;  and  Our 
War  \\ith   Spain. 

Russell,  Henry  Sturgis,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Massachusetts.  In  1801  he  was  first 
lieutenant  in  the  second  regiment  Massa- 
chusetts infantry;  and  in  1805  was  brevet- 
ted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
was   resigned   in    1805. 

Russell,  Horace,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
June  19.  1843,  in  Franklin  county.  N.Y. 
In  1805  he  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
h'ge;  and  in  1807  graduated  from  Harvard 
uiiiversitv  with  the  degree  of  LL.B.  In 
1873-80  he  was  assistant  district  attorney 
of  New  York;  in  1879-82  he  was  judge  ad- 
vocate-general of  New  York;  and  in  1883 
was    judge    of    the    superior    court    of    New 


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81 


York.  Ill  1885-86  he  was  president  of  tlie 
New  England  society.  In  1884-86  he  was 
receiver  of  the  West  Shore  railroad  com- 
pany. In  1888-89  lie  was  general  counsel 
to    the   Stewart    society. 

Russell,  Howard  Hyde,  lawyer,  clergy- 
man, reformer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  21, 
1855,  ill  Stillwater,  Minn.  For  five  years 
lie  practiced  law  in  Corning,  Iowa';  and  in 
1881-82  was  county  superintendent  of 
schools  for  Adams  county,  Iowa.  Since  1885 
lie  has  been  a  congregational  clergyman.  In 
1893  iie  founded  the  anti-saloon  league  in 
Ohio;  and  was  national  (superintendent  of 
tlie  league  until  1905.  Since  1902  he  has 
been  superintendent  of  the  New  York  anti- 
saloon  league.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Law- 
yer's  Examination  of  the  Bible. 

Russell,  Irwin,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1853.  He  was  a  southern  writer 
of  dialtct  verse;  and  the  author  of  Dialect 
i'oems.     He  died   in   1879,  in  the  South. 

Russell,  Isaac  Franklin,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, lawyer,  author,  was  born  Aug.  25, 
1857.    in    Hamden,   Conn.      He   received   his 

])ieparalory  education 
in  t!ie  Southold  acad- 
i:ny;  and  in  1875 
vriaduated  from  the 
New  York  university, 
lie  has  received  the 
degrees  of  LL.M.  and 
D.C.L.  from  Yale  uni- 
ver.-ity;  LL.D.  from 
Di'kinson  college; 

and  J.D.N,  from  the 
Xew  York  university. 
In  1892-1902  he  was 
a  lecturer  in  the  wo- 
man's law  class  in  the  New  York  university; 
a"d  since  1881  has  been  a  professor  in  that 
institution.  He  is  a  local  preacher  in  the 
iiietriodist  episcopal  church.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Hrooklyii  institute;  a  member  of 
the  Eoiig  Island  historical  society;  and  a 
inember  of  the  American  social  science  asso- 
ciation. He  is  the  author  of  Lectures  on 
Law     for    Women;     and    Outline    Study    of 

I.M'.V. 

Russell,  Israel  Cook,  educator,  geologist, 
untlior.  was  born  Dec.  10,  1852,  in  Oarralts- 
\iil''.  N.V.  He  was  a  professor  of  geology 
ill  the  university  of  .Michigan;  and  a  geol- 
ogist in  the  I'nited  States  geological  survey 
since.  1880.  He  was  the  author  of  Lakes 
"f  North  America;  Lake  f^aliontan:  <,)uar- 
leriiary  History  of  .Moro  \  alley;  (ilaciers 
of  North  .America;  I'reseiit  and  Extinct 
l.akej?  of  Nevada;  and  Volcanoes  of  North 
.\merica.  and  iiianv  geological  reports.  He 
di..,l   May    1,   ]906,"in   Ann   Arbor,   Mich. 

Russell,  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, was  iiorn  Oct.  I.  1610.  in  Charles- 
to>\ii.  .\las>.  lie  was  a  representative  in 
Iti79;  an  assi:-.taiit  in  1680-86.  ami  one  of 
(loveiiior  .Joseph  Dudley's  couii<il.  He  was 
a  niemlxr  of  the  council  of  safetv   in    l(iH9 ; 


a  leader  in  the  revolutionary  movement  of 
tiiat  daj';  a  councillor  under  the  new  char- 
ter in  1692;  and  was  a  .judge  and  treas- 
urer of  Massachusetts  in  1680-86.  He  died 
April  2S.    1709,   in  Charlestown.    Mass. 

Russell,  James  Earl,  educator,  author, 
was  born  July  1.  1864,  in  Hamden,  N.Y. 
Sin.^e  1898  lie  has  been  dean  of  the  teachers 
college;  and  since  1904  has  been  Barnard 
professor  of  education  in  Columbia  univer- 
sity of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author 
of  E.xtension  of  University  Teaching  in 
lingiand  ami  America. 

Russell,  James  M.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  10,  1786,  in  York,  Fa.  He 
v.as  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  twenty -seventh  congress.  He  died  Dec. 
20.    1S70.    in   Bedford,   Pa. 

Russell,  James  R.,  educator,  clergyman, 
librarian,  was  born  Sept.  6,  1847,  in  Dan- 
ville, Ky.  He  was  one  of  the  three  pioneer 
piesbyterian  ministers  of  ^lontana;  in  1872 
he  organized  the  presbyterian  church  at 
Helena,  and  the  same  j'ear  also  organized 
a  church  at  Deer  Lodge;  in  1878  organized 
a  church  in  l^utte;  and  was  actively  en- 
gaged in  the  ministry  until  1884.  In  1887 
he  became  superintendent  of  city  schools  of 
Hutte;  and  in  1889  was  appointed  librarian 
(if  the  Butte  free  public  library. 

Russell,  James  S.,  litterateur,  autlmi-. 
lie    is    the    author    of    lUissell's   Arithmetic. 

Russell,  Jeremiah,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1776,  in  Saugerties.  N.Y.  In  1843-45  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  twenty-eighth  congress.  He  died  in 
1867   in   Saugerties,  N.Y. 

Russell,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1805-09  ho  was  a  represen- 
tative from  New  Y'ork  to  the  nintrli  and 
tenth  congresses.  He  died  in  Oswego  coun- 
ty, N.Y. 

Russell,  John  E.,  agriculturist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Jan.  20,  lf.34,  in  (ireeiititld. 
Mass.  He  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts state  board  of  agriculture  in 
1880;  and  was  five  times  re-elected.  In 
1887-89  he  was  a  representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts to  tiie  fiftieth  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Russell,  John  Henry,  naval  ollicer.  was 
born  July  4,  1827,  in  Frederick  City.  .Md. 
He  .served  in  the  United  States  navy  dur- 
ing the  civil  war;  attained  the  rank  of  lieu- 
lenant-oommander  in  1862;  in  1886  he  was 
(■omiiiis-ioii(.(l  ri'ar-admiral :  and  about  1SS8 
retired  from  the  navv.  He  died  April  1, 
1897.   in    Washington.'D.C. 

Russell,  Jonathan,  diplomat,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1771.  in  I'rovideiice.  IM. 
He  was  ap|)ointed  mini.•^ter  plenipoteiitiai  v 
(o  Sw<-den  in  1814.  In  1821-23  he  was  a 
leiueseiitative  from  Massaehnselts  to  the 
seventeenth  congress.  He  died  Feb.  19, 
IS.52.    in    MiH.m,   Mass. 

Russell,  Joseph,  congressman,  was  born 
in   New   York.      In    IS45--I7    and    1851-53    he 


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HBRRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  twenty-ninth  and  thirty-second  con- 
gresses,    lie  died   in   Warrensburg,  N.Y. 

Russell,  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1751- 
1776  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of   Rhode   Island. 

Russell,  Joseph  J.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congress;nan,  was  born  Aug.  23,  1854, 
in  Charleston,  Mo.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  Mississippi  county 
and  at  the  law  school  of  the  state  univer- 
sity of  Missouri.  In  1877  he  was  city  at- 
torney of  Charleston,  Mo.;  in  1877-78  was 
county  school  commissioner;  and  in  1881- 
84  was  prosecuting  attorney  of  Mississippi 
county.  In  1884  he  was  a  presidential 
elector;  in  1887-90  he  was  a  member  of 
the  I\liosouri  state  legislature;  and  in  1889- 
90  was  speak.n-  of  the  house.  He  was  judge 
advocate  general  on  the  staff'  of  General 
Dockery.  In  1907-15  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Missouri  to  the  sixtieth,  sixty- 
first,  sixty-second  and  s'xty-third  congresses 
as  a  democrat. 

Russell,  Leslie  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1889-1903  he  was  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  New  York  for  the  fourth 
district. 

Russell,  Lillian,  opera  singer,  actress,  was 
iiorn  Dec.  A,  1861,  in  Clinton,  Iowa.  Her 
father  was  Charles  E.  Leonard,  who  died 
in  1897,  and  for  many  years  prior  to  his 
death  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Knight 
and  Leonard,  the  well-known  printers  and 
publishers  of  Chicago.  Her  mother,  Cynthia 
Leonard,  has  been  for  many  years  a  promi- 
nent advocate  of  female  sufirage  and  other 
reforms.  Lilian  made  her  debut  as  a 
ballad  singer  in  New  York  City;  went  to 
Europ  in  1883;  and  from  1885  attained 
rank  as  one  of  the  foremost  operatic  singers 
of  the  century. 

Russell,  Louis  Arthur,  educator,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1854,  in 
Newark.  X.-L  In  1885  he  founded  the  col- 
lege of  nuisic  of  Newark,  N.J..  of  which  he 
is  musical  director.  Since  1880  he  has  been 
conductor  of  the  Schubert  oratorio  society 
of  Newark.  N.J.  In  1893  he  organized  the 
Newark  symphonic  orchestra.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Embellishments  of  Music;  How 
to  Read  Modern  Music;  Problems  in  Time 
and  Tune;  Development  of  Artistic  Piano- 
forte Touch;  and  the  cantata,  A  Pastoral 
Phapsodv. 

Russell,  Martin  J.,  soldier,  journalist,  was 
born  Dec.  20,  1845,  in  Chicago,  111.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war  and  became  adju- 
tant-general on  the  stall  of  Colonel  Mulli- 
gan. In  1895-1900  he  was  president  of  the 
ClKcago  Chronicle  company  and  editor  of 
the  Chicago  Chronicle.  He  died  in  1900 
in   Chk'ago,  111. 

Russell,  Noadiah,  clergyman,  was  born 
in  1659,  in  ;\liddletown.  Conn.  In  1688-1853 
he  was  minister  of  the  church  in  Middletown. 
He  was  one  of  the  twelve  founders  of  Yale; 
and   a   trustee   of   that   college.      His    Diary 


is  published  in  the  New  England  Historical 
Register  for  January,  1853.  He  died  Dec. 
3,    1713,'  in   Middletown,    Conn. 

Russell,  Richard,  colonist,  statesman,  was 
born  in  1612,  in  England.  He  came  to 
America  in  1640.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  1046;  speaker  of  the  house  in  1648- 
49;  1654,  1656,  and  1658;  assistant  in 
1659-76;  and  treasurer  of  Massachusetts  in 
1644-74.  He  died  May  14,  1674,  in  Charles- 
town,  Mass. 

Russell,  Robert  Howard,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  l)orn  in  1866,  in  Stratford,  Conn, 
lie  is  a  publisher  and  editor;  and  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Metropol- 
itan Magazine  com- 
pany and  proprietor 
of  the  business  of  R. 
H.  Russell,  publisher 
of  New  York  City.  He 
is  a  member  of  sev- 
eral clubs  of  New 
York  City  and  Lon- 
don. He  is  the  au- 
thor of  many  articles; 
and  a  book  of  travel 
in  the  east.  He  has 
published  C.  D.  Gib- 
son's, Frederick  Remington's  and  many 
other  artist's  drawings;  and  is  a  publisher 
of  fine  art  books  generally. 

Russell,  Samuel  L.,  congressman,  v.as 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1853-55  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirtv-third  congress.  He  died  in  Bedford, 
Pa. 

Russell,  Sol  Smith,  actor,  was  born  June 
15,  1848,  in  Brunswick,  Maine.  He  followed 
the  Un-on  army  as  a  drummer  boy.  He 
left  the  army  at  Cairo,  111.,  where  he  sang 
in  a  theatre;  and  acted  small  parts  and 
beat  the  drum  in  the  orchestra.  He  lati'r 
joined  a  traveling  company;  and  in  1865  he 
played  at  ]i)eBar's  theatre  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
I'oi  a  number  of  years  he  has  starred  with 
his  own  company  in  Edgewood  Folks;  Fe- 
lix McCusick;  A  Poor  Relation;  Peaceful 
Vallev;  and  other  plays.  He  died  April  28, 
1902."  in    Wasliington,    D.C. 

Russell,  Thomas,  jurist,  diplomat,  was 
born  Sept.  26,  1825,  in  Plymouth,  Mass.  In 
1853  he  was  judge  of  the  municipal  court 
of  Boston,  i\iass.  In  1859  he  was  first 
justice  of  the  superior  court  of  Massachu- 
setts. In  1874  he  was  United  States  min- 
ister to  Venezuela.  In  1879  he  was  elected 
to  the  iSIassacliusetts  state  legislature;  and 
in  1879-87  was  chairman  of  the  state  board 
of  commissioners.  He  died  Fel).  9,  1887,  in 
Boston,    Mass. 

Russell,  Walter,  artist,  author,  was  born 
May  19.  1S71.  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  ed- 
ucated at  the  Massachusetts  normal  art 
school  at  Boston.  Mass.:  and  at  the  music 
of  fine  arts  i!i  Drexel  institute  of  Philadel- 
phia. Pa.  In  1890-97  he  was  an  illustra- 
tor for  New  York  magazines;  and  during 
tb(-    Spanish-American    war    illustrated    for 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


83 


tlu'  Century  magazine  and  Collier's  weekly. 
He  then  took  up  a  specialty  in  painting 
children's  portraits,  and  has  painted  the 
children  of  many  well  known  Americans, 
including  those  of  President  Theodore 
Roosevelt.  lie  has  also  painted  the  por- 
traits of  many  noted  Americans.  >le  is  the 
author  of  The  Sea  Children;  The  Bending 
of   the   Twig:    and   The   Age   of    Innocence. 

Russell,  William,  clergyman,  author, 
was  t)orn  Nov.  20,  1G90,  in  Middletown, 
Conn.  He  declined  the  presidency  of  Yah' 
college;  and  was  one  of  its  trustees.  IJe 
jMihlislied  a  serr.ion  enlitleil  The  Decay  of 
Love  to  (lod  in  Churclies.  lie  died  June  1, 
ITtil.  in   Middletown,  Conn. 

Russell,  William,  congressman,  was  born 
Ml  Irehind.  !n  1827-;!:!' ami  1S41-4:]  he  was 
a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  twenti- 
eth, tweiity-lirst,  twenty-second  and  twenty- 
scv(nil,  ((ingresses.  He  died  Oct.  2,  lS4'y, 
in    I'iir;>ninui  li.   Oliio. 

Russell,  William,  chicutionist,  autlior.  was 
born  April  28,  1798,  in  Scotland.  He  was 
an  cloculionist  of  note;  and  widely  known 
in  his  day  as  a  teaclier.  He  was  the  autlior 
of  nrth()])hony,  or  \'ocal  Culture;  Pulpit 
Elocution;  Lessons  in  Enunciation;  and 
(iranimar  of  Composition.  He  died  May  17, 
]S7:!.    in     [.ancaslfr.    Mass. 

Russell,  William,  inventor,  was  horn  Dec. 
28.  18:$.j.  in  Tennessee,  lie  is  a  practical 
hoiseshoir :  and  is  the  author  of  a  work 
(ntitlel  UussfU  on  Scientific  Hor.seshoeing. 
He  is  conci  (U*d  to  be  the  standard  author- 
it}'  on  horsesiiofing;  has  over  two  hundred 
(liH'ercnt  styles  of  horspshoes.  which  have 
been  made  during  the  past  half  century; 
and  at  tlie  \\'orld's  Cohunhian  ex])osition  he 
rcce'xcd    th  '    lirst    prize   medal    and   diploma. 

Rus>sell,  William,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  duly  1(1.  1842,  near  Center- 
\ille.  Tml.  He  recci\  cd  a  tliorough  ediu^a- 
tion  in  the  common  .schools,  Riclimond  acail- 
einy.  and  the  Illinois  state  normal  univer- 
sity. In  l8tJi(  lu!  was  suporintcndent  of 
schools  of  Marion,  Ind..  and  during  the 
years  1877-8.1  was  a  teachei-  in  the  Marion 
|)ui)lic  schools  and  the  Marion  normal 
school.  Slice  1800  he  has  been  connected 
with  the  Southland  college,  nut)  since  1801 
has  been  its  president. 

Russell,  William  A.,  manufacturer,  state 
legislator.  coiigieNsman,  was  born  Ajiril  22, 
I8:n.  in  Wells  River.  Mass.  He  was  a  rej. 
rescnlat  ive  in  the  Massachusetts  state  legis- 
lature in  ISiiO.  In  IS70-8.')  lie  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Massachusetts  to  the  forty- 
si.xth.  forty-seventh  and  forty-eighth  con- 
gresses as  a  repuiiliean.  lie  died  .Ian.  10, 
ISOO.    in    I'.oston.    Mass. 

Russell,  William  Eustis,  lawyer,  govern- 
or, author,  was  lioni  Scjit.  (I,  I8.')7,  in  Cam- 
inidge,  Mass.  He  was  mayor  of  ('aiiibri<lge 
in  1884-88;  was  the  thirty-sixth  governor  of 
Massachusetts  in  1891-94.  He  was  the 
author  of  Speeches  and  Messages.  Hr  dicl 
•  liilv    Hi.    180r>,    in    Canada. 


Russell,  William  F.,  merchant,  state  leg- 
islator, cungn'ssman,  was  horn  in  Sauger- 
ties,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  New  York  in  1850.  In  1857-59 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  thirty-fifth  congress.  He  died  in 
New  Y(n"k. 

Russell,  William  H.  A.,  clergyman,  bish- 
op. Ill  18S()  he  became  protestant  epis- 
co|ial    It'siio])    of    \'erinont. 

Russell,  William  Hepburn,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  .\l;iy  17,  1857,  in  Hannibal, 
Mo.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  and 
liigli  schools  and  attended  a  commercial 
college.  He  served  as  a  reporter,  city 
and  managing  editor  and  associate  editor  on 
the  Courier,  Clipper-Herald  and  Journal 
at  Hannibal,  Mo.  In  1882  he  was  admittetl 
lo  tlic  practice  of  law;  and  in  1882-84  was 
city  attorney  of  Hannibal,  Mo.  In  1884 
he  moved  to  Indiana;  and  was  general  at- 
t(nney  of  Hie  Louisville,  New  Albanj^  and 
Chicago  railroad.  In  1887-95  he  lived  in 
Tennessee.  In  1802  he  was  a  democratic 
presidential  elector.  Since  1895  he  has 
practiced  law  in  New  Y'ork  in  the  federal 
and  state  courts.  In  1002  he  helped  to 
oi-ganize  the  greater  New  Y^ork  democracy 
becoming  chairman  of  the  executive  com- 
mittee. He  served  as  senior  commissioner 
of  accounts  of  New  Y'ork;  and  is  now  a 
member  of  the  New  York  law  committee. 
He  is  part  author  of  Russell  and  the  Wins- 
low's  Syllabus  Digest  of  the  United  States 
suprenn'   court  reports,   in   four  volumes. 

Russell,  William  Howard,  lawyer,  was 
l)orn  Nov.  24,  1807,  in  Livermore,  Pa.  In 
1879  he  moved  to  Kansas  with  his  par- 
ents; and  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  La  Crosse. 
In  h's  youtli  he  taught  school,  herded  cattle, 
and  was  local  manager  for  an  eastern  lum- 
ber company.  He  organized  a  camp  Sons 
of  Veterans,  and  was  sul)sequently  elected 
commander-in-chief. 

Russo,  Nicolas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
iiorii  in  1845,  in  Italy.  He  was  a  clergy- 
man of  New  York  City;  and  for  forty 
years  was  a  member  of  the  society  of  Je- 
sus. He  was  the  autlior  of  The  True  Re- 
ligion; and  Suinma  Philosophica.  He  died 
in   1002.  in  New  York  City. 

Rust,  Albert,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  in  X'irginia.  In  1855-57  and  1859-01 
be  wa^  a  re|)resentati\'e  from  Arkansas  to 
I  be  thirty-fourth  and  thirty-sixth  con- 
gresses. He  took  part  in  the  civil  war;  and 
was  a  brigadi'-r-geiieral.  He  died  April  3, 
187ti.  in  Arkansas. 

Rust,  Albert  Dexter,  journalist,  fruit 
grower,  autlior.  was  born  Dec.  10,  18;{4.  in 
North  Danville.  Vt.  In  18(58  he  established 
the  Michigan  Stale  Advance,  which  in  1870 
was  incorporated  with  another  newspaper 
aiiii  named  the  .Michigan  Courier  and  .Ad- 
vance. He  tilled  the  ollice  of  justice  of  the 
peace  and  other  ollices  in  .NJicIiigan.  He 
is  now  a  resident  of  Rock  Island,  Texas, 
where    he    publishes    the    Weekly    .Journal; 


84 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


and  is  the  proprietor  of  El  Berta  fruit 
farm.  He  is  the  author  of  Record  of  the 
Rust    FamilJ^ 

Rust,  Charles  Herbert,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  18,  1869,  in  Winchester, 
Mass.  In  1894-1906  he  was  engaged  as  an 
evangelist  in  the  west;  and  since  1906  has 
been  pastor  of  the  Second  baptist  cliurch 
of  Rochester,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Church  on  Wheels;  and  Practical  Ideals 
in  Evangelism. 

Rust,  Henry,  soldier,  was  born  in  Maine. 
In  1861  he  was  sergeant  in  the  first  regi- 
ment Maine  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He   died   July   29,    1881. 

Rust,  Henry  Appleton,  soldier,  railroad 
buihler,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1832,  in  Spring- 
field, HI.  During  tlie  civil  war  he  partici- 
pated in  many  battles  and  sieges  of  the 
armies  of  the  Mississippi  and  Cumberland. 
Since  1366  he  has  been  extensively  engaged 
in  the  organization  and  construction  in 
railroad  bridge  building,  witli  headquar- 
ters in  Chicago,  III. 

Rust,  John  D.,  soldier,  was  born  in  Maine. 
Ill  1801  he  was  lieutenant-colonel  in  tlie 
eiglith  regiment,  Maine  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier -general  of  vol- 
unteers.    He  died  Nov.  22,  1890. 

Rust,  Nathaniel  Johnson,  banker,  state 
legislator,  bank  president,  was  born  Nov. 
28,  18o3,  in  Gorham,  Maine.  For  a  num- 
ber of  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  \\hole- 
sah-  drug  business  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1874-76  he  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts state  legislature;  and  in  1877-78  was 
chairman  of  tlie  repulilican  city  committee 
of  Boston;  and  a  member  of  the  city  coun- 
cil in  1878-79  and  in  1890-91.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Boston  storage  warehouse  com- 
pany; president  of  the  Canner  cotton  gin 
corapaii}-;  and  a  director  in  the  Boston  safe 
deposit  and  trust  company;  and  other  busi- 
ness and  financial  corporations. 

Rust,  Richard  S.,  clergyman,  college 
president,  philantliropist,  was  born  Sept. 
12.  1815,  in  Ipswich,  Mass.  As  early  as 
18;57  lie  was  a  lecturer  on  anti-slavery  in 
Nev/  England.  He  originated  and  published 
the  American  Pulpit.  He  was  president  of 
Ellington  seminary  in  1842;  of  the  New 
Hampshire  conference  seminary  and  female 
college  in  1850-54;  in  1858  was  elected  the 
first  president  of  Wilberforce  college  of 
Ohio;  and  in  1863  was  elected  president 
of  the  Wesleyaii  college  for  women  at  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio.  For  twenty-five  years  he  was 
field  and  corresponding  secretary  of  the 
Freedman's  aid  and  southern  eclucational 
society  of  the  methodist  episcopal  church, 
of  whicli  he  was  one  of  the  founders.  He 
died  in   Cincinnati,   Ohio. 

Ruston,  William  Otis,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Dec. 
6,  1852,  in  New  York  C:ity.  In  1876  he 
was  ordained  to  the  presbyterian  miiii.stry; 
and  filled  pastorates  in  Fairmount,  N.J.  and 


West  Union  and  Dubuque,  Iowa.  In  1904- 
08  he  was  president  of  the  German  presby- 
terian theological  school  of  the  northwest; 
and  since  1908  has  been  dean  of  the  fac- 
ulty. 

Ruter,  Martin,  clergyman,  college  presi- 
dent, author,  was  born  April  3,  1785,  in 
Charlton,  Mass.  In  1828-32  he  was  presi- 
dent of  Augusta  college,  Kentucky.  For  two 
years  he  preached  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.;  and 
tlien  became  president  of  Allegheny  college; 
and  then  became  superintendent  of  the  mis- 
sion to  Texas.  Rutersville,  Texas,  was 
narked  for  him;  and  the  college  there  was 
founded  in  his  honor.  He  was  the  author 
of  a  Collection  of  Miscellaneous  Pieces.  He 
died   May    16,    1838,   in   Washington,  Texas. 

Rutgers,  Henry,  soldier,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Oct.  7,  1745,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork  state  as- 
sembly; and  in  1802-26  was  a  regent  in  the 
New  York  state'  university.  Rutgers  col- 
lege of  New  Brunswick,  N.J.,  was  named 
in  his  honor,  he  having  contributed  five 
thousand  dollars  to  its  funds.  He  died 
in    New    Brunswick,    N.J. 

Ruth,  John  W.,  business  president,  bank- 
er, was  born  Aug.  8,  1848,  in  East  Hunt- 
ington township,  Pa.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  and  private  schools  of  his  na- 
tive state;  and  at  Rankins  school.  He 
has  for  many  years  been  engaged  in  tlie 
lumber  business;  and  is  the  owner  of  a 
lumber  mill  and  kimber  yard.  He  is  pres- 
ident of  the  Scottdale  savings  and  trust 
company  of  Scottdale,  Pa.;  and  is  interested 
in  various  other  enterprises. 

Rutherford,  John,  governor,  was  born 
Dec.  6,  1792,  in  Riclimond,  Va.  In  1841-42 
he  was  the  twenty-first  governor  of  Vir- 
ginia.    He   died  in  July,   1865,  in  Virginia. 

Rutherford,  Allan,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Oct.  29,  1839,  in  New  York  City.  He 
served  as  a  volunteer  ofiicer  in  the  civil  war; 
and  became  a  brigadier-general  by  brevet. 
In  1866  he  was  appointed  a  captain  in  the 
regular  army;  and  resigned  in  1870  to  ac- 
cept tlie  office  of  third  auditor  of  the 
United  States  treasury.  He  died  April  29, 
1900,    in    Washington,    D.C. 

Rutherford,  Friend  Smith,  soldier,  was 
born  ill  New  York.  In  1862  he  was  colonel 
in  the  ninety-seventh  regiment  Illinois  in- 
fantry; and  in  1864  was  appointed  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  June 
20,    1864. 

Rutherford,  Griffith,  soldier,  was  born 
about  1731,  in  Ireland.  In  1776  he  was 
appointed  a  brigadier-general  by  the  pro- 
vincial congress.  In  1784  he  was  in  the 
South  Carolina  state  senate.  Ten  years 
later  he  became  president  of  the  Tennessee 
legislative  council.  A  county  in  North 
Carolina,  and  also  in  Tennessee,  bear  liis 
name.     He  died  in   1794  in  Tennessee. 

Rutherford,  John,  lawyer.  United  States 
senator,  was  born  in  September,  1760,  in 
New  York  City.     In  1791-99  he  was  United 


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85 


States  senator  from  New  Jersey;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1798,  1813,  and  1821. 
He   died   Feb.  23,    1840,  in  Rutherford,  N.J. 

Rutherford,  John,  governor.  Ho  was  gov- 
ernor of  Virginia  in  1841-42.  He  died  in 
Vii'ginia. 

Rutherford,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  lieu- 
tenant-governor, was  born  Dec.  6,  1792,  in 
Richmond,  Va.  He  was  for  many  years 
president  of  the  Virginia  JNIutual  Assurance 
society,  the  first  institution  of  this  kind  in 
tiie  state,  and  held  that  post  until  his  death. 
He  became  lieutenant-governor  of  Virginia 
in  1840.  He  died  in  July,  1866,  in  Rich- 
mond,   Va. 

Rutherford,  Lewis  Morris,  lawyer,  sci- 
entist, was  born  Nov.  25,  1816,  in  Morris- 
ania,  N.Y.  He  practiced  law  during  1838- 
50;  and  in  1850  built  an  astronomical  ob- 
servatory. In  1864  he  constructed  tlie  first 
telescope  for  star-photography,  and  took 
during  the  following  years  an  enormous 
number  of  star-photographs.  These  plates 
are  beijig  measured  at  Columbia  university 
by  Professor  Jacobi,  who  has  already  pub- 
lished several  volumes.  He  is  considered 
the  father  of  astronomical  photography.  He 
died  May  30,  1892,  in  Tranquillity,  N.J. 

Rutherford,  Mildred  Lewis,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  16,  1852,  in  Athens,  Ga. 
She  has  been  president  of  the  Ladies'  Me- 
morial association  since  1888;  president  of 
the  Atiiens  chapter  of  the  Daugliters  of  the 
Confederacy  since  its  organization;  and 
is  state  historian  for  Georgia  in  the  U.  D.  C. 
She  is  the  author  of  English  Authors; 
American  Authors;  Bible  Questions;  Bible 
Authors;  ]\Iannic  Brown,  That  School  Girl; 
Edward  Kennedy,  That  College  Boy;  and 
ether    works. 

Rutherford,  Reuben  Clifford,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1863-65  he  served 
in  the  civil  war;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
major-lieutenant  and  brigadier-general  of 
Nolunteers.      He    died    Aug.    28,    1876. 

Rutherford,  Robert,  congressman,  was 
Lorn  in  Virginia.  In  1793-07  he  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  third 
;ind  fourth  congresses.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

Rutherfurd,  John,  United  States  senator, 
was  l)orn  in  17(iit,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1787  he  removed  to  Tranquility,  N.J.,  and 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature. 
In  1791-08  he  was  United  States  senator, 
lb-  <lic.l  Eel).  23.  1840.  in  X.'W  Jersey. 

Ruthrauff,  John  Mosheim,  dergyiiian,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Jan.  13,  1846.  near 
Canton.  Ohio.  He  was  president  of  the 
Rock  River  assembly  in  1878-95;  and  was 
president  of  Carthage  college.  Illinois.  He 
liied  in   1902.  in  Carthage,  HI. 

Rutledge,  Edward,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  governor,  was  born 
Nov.  23,  1749,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  In  1774- 
77  he  was  a  delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina to  the  continental  congress  and  signed 
the  declaration  of  independence.  He  served 
in  the  state  assembly;  and  in  1798-1800  was 


the  fourth  governor  of  South  Carolina.     He 
(lied  Jan.  23,  1800,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 

Rutledge,  Edward,  educator,  clergyiunn, 
author,  was  born  April  11,  1797,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman ; 
und  was  professor  of  moral  philosophy  at 
tlie  university  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Family  Altar;  and  His- 
tory of  the  Church  of  England.  He  died 
.Alarch   13,  1832,  in  Savannah,  Ga. 

Rutledge,  Francis  Huger,  clergyman,  bisli- 
t'p,  was  born  April  11,  1799,  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  In  1839-45  he  filled  a  pastorate  in 
St.  Augustine,  Fla.;  and  in  1845-51  was 
rector  of  St.  John's  church  of  Tallahassee, 
Fla.  In  1851  he  was  consecrated  protestant 
episcopal  bishop  of  Florida.  He  died  Nov. 
6,   1866,  in  Tallahassee,  Fla. 

Rutledge,  Hugh,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, was  born  about  1741,  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  In  1782-85  he  was  speaker  of  the 
South  Carolina  state  house  of  representa- 
tives. In  1791-1811  he  was  one'  of  the 
three  judges  of  the  court  of  equity.  He 
died  in  January,  1811,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 
Rutledge,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  colonial  governor,  Avas  born 
in   1739,  in  Charleston,  S.C.     In  1774-77  and 

1782-83  he  was  a 
delegate  from  South 
Carolina  to  the  conti- 
nental congress;  and 
in  1776  was  appoint- 
ed president  of  South 
Carolina,  and  com- 
mander-in-chief of 
that  colony,  having 
also  been  a  member 
of  the  convention  of 
1774.  In  1775-78  and 
1779-82  he  was  col- 
onial governor  of 
South  Carolina;  was  chancellor  of  the  state 
in  1784;  and  Avas  a  member  of  the  con- 
vention to  frame  the  constitution  of  the 
United^  States,  and  signed  that  instrunumt. 
I".  '"'^"-.l^OS  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
liftli,  si.xth  and  seventh  congresses.  He 
was  judge  of  the  court  of  chancery;  cliicf 
justice  of  South  Carolina;  and  in"  1789-91 
was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  the  United  States;  and  in  1795  was  chief 
justice.  He  died  in  July.  1800,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C. 

Rutledge,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1766  in  CharJeston,  S.C.  He  stud- 
ied law  with  his  father;  and  practiced  his 
profession  in  Pliiladelphia.  Pa.  In  1797- 
1803  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  fifth,  sixtli  and  seventh 
(ongresses.    Ifc   died    in    Pliihidelphia.   Pa. 

Ruttenber,  Edward  Manning,  antiquari- 
an, author,  was  born  July  17.  1824.  in  B(>n- 
nington.  Vt.  He  was  an  antiquary  of  New- 
I'urg.  N.Y.  He  was  the'author  of" a  History 
of  Newburg;  History  of  Orange  Countv"; 
History  of  the  Hudson  River  Tribes;  His- 
tory of  Regimental   Flags;   and  History  ^^f 


86 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Obstructions   to  Navigation  of   the  Hudson 
River.    He  died  in  1907  in  Newburg,  N.Y. 

Rutter,  Henley  Chapman,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  6,  1849,  in  Pearisburg, 
Va.  In  1882-84  he  was  superintendent  of 
the  Cohimbus  hospital  for  insane;  and  in 
1893-1901  was  manager  of  the  hospital  for 
epileptics.  He  is  the  author  of  Criminal 
ResponsibiHty  of  the  Insane. 

Rutter,  James  H.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Feb.  .3,  1836,  in  Lowell,  Mass.  In  1883 
he  was  president  of  the  New  York  Central 
and  Hudson  River  railroad  company.  He 
died  June  27,  1885,  in  New  York  City. 

Ryall,  D.  D.,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Trenton,  N.J.  In  1839-41  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  to  the 
twenty-sixth  congress.  He  died  in  New 
Jersey. 

Ryals,  Garland  Mitchell,  farmer  states- 
man, was  born  May  27,  1839,  in  Cumber- 
land county,  Va.  During  the  civil  war  he 
was  color  bearer  of  his  company;  became 
second  sergeant,  and  was  finally  promoted 
to  captain  and  major  of  cavalry,  and  serv- 
ed on  the  staffs  of  Lee,  Stuart  and  Hamp- 
ton. After  the  war  lie  engaged  in  mer- 
chandising, railroading  and  farming;  and 
in  1869  moved  to  Savannah,  Ga.  In  1875 
he  was  connected  with  a  cotton  farm,  and 
since  1880  has  pursued  truck  farming.  In 
1890  he  served  with  distinction  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Georgia  state  legislature.  He  is 
vice-president  of  the  Farmers'  National 
congress,  and  has  filled  various  other  pub- 
lic ofHces  of  trust. 

Ryan,  Abram  Joseph,  Father  Ryan,  cler- 
f;yman,  poet,  was  born  Aug.  15.  1839,  in 
Norfolk,  Va.  He  was  a  Roman  catholic 
priest  and  poet  of  the  south.  He  was  the 
nuthor  of  Poems,  Patriotic,  Religious,  and 
Miscellaneous;  The  Conquered  Banner,  and 
Other  Poems;  and  A  Crown  for  Our  Queen. 
He  died  April  22,  1886,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Ryan,  Daniel  Joseph,  lawyer,  legislator, 
nuthor.  was  born  Jan.  1,  1855,  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio.  For  two  terms  he  was  city  so- 
licitor for  Portsmouth.  Ohio;  and  served  two 
terms  as  a  representative  in  the  Ohio  state 
legislature.  He  has  been  president  of  the 
Columbus,  New  Albany  and  Johnstown 
traction  oompany;  and  president  of  the 
Columbus  lithograph  company.  He  is  the 
author  of  A  History  of  Ohio;  and  Arbitra- 
tion   Between   Cajiital   and  Labor. 

Ryan,  Edward  George,  journalist,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Nov.  13.  1810,  in  Ireland. 
He  was  city  attorney  of  Milwaukee  in  1870- 
72  and  in  1874-80  was  chief  justice  of  the 
Srupreme  court  of  ^\'isconsin.  He  died  Oct. 
19.    18S0.    in    Milwaukee,   Wis. 

Ryan,  Emmons  Blackburn,  lawyer,  gov- 
ernment jflicial,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1832. 
in  Lexington.  Ky.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Transylvania  university  of  his  native  city. 
He  moved  to  California  in  1849,  and  sub- 
sequently   engaged    in    the    provision    busi- 


ness in  Sacramento.  For  many  years  he 
was  assessor  of  that  city,  and  was  con- 
nected with  the  paymaster's  department 
of  the  army  in  1864-66.  In  1868  he  became 
private  secretary  to  Senator  Stanford, 
which  confidential  position  he  filled  until 
1871.  Since  that  time  he  has  been  general 
tax  commissioner  of  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
and  for  twenty-six  years  tax  attorney  for 
the  Central  Pacific  railroad  company  and 
the    Southern    Pacific    railroad   company. 

Ryan,  George  Parker,  naval  officer,  was 
born  May  8,  1842,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
organized  parties  for  the  observation  of 
the  transit  of  Venus  in  1874;  and  was  se- 
lected to  take  charge  of  the  expedition  to 
Kerguelen  islands.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  he  was  one  of  the  most  scientific 
navigators  of  the  service.  He  died  Nov. 
24,   1877,  at   sea. 

Ryan,  Harris  Joseph,  educator,  scientist, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1866,  in  Powell's 
Valley,  Pa.  In  1889-1905  he  was  professor 
of  electrical  engineering  at  Cornell  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  Textbook  of 
Electrical   ^Machinery. 

Ryan,  Henry,  clergyman,  founder,  -was 
born  April  22.  1775.  in  Connecticut.  Dur- 
ing the  second  war  with  Great  Britain  he 
did  good  service  in  camps,  prisons,  and 
hospitals.  In  1827  he  withdrew  from  the 
methodist  episcopal  church  in  the  United 
States,  and  organized  the  Canadian  Wes- 
leyan  methodist  church,  with  which  he  was 
J  rominently  connected  until  his  death.  He 
died    in    September.    1832,   in   Canada. 

Ryan,  James,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  in  1848  in  Ireland.  He  moved  to  the 
Peoria  diocese  in  Illinois  in  1878;  and  was 
appointed  pastor  at  Wataga.  In  1888  he 
was  consecrated  Roman  catholic  bishop  of 
Alton. 

Ryan,  James  W.,  educator,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  16,  1858,  in  Schuyl- 
kill county.  Pa.  He  began  the  practice  of 
law  in  Pottsville,  Pa.;  and  Avas  district 
attorney  in  1892-95.  In  1899-1901  he  was 
f)  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
fifty-sixth    congress    as   a    democrat. 

Ryan,  John,  clergyman,  college  president, 
was  born  June  24,  1810,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
ordained  a  Roman  catholic  priest;  and  in 
1850-.56  was  president  of  St.  Francis  Xa- 
vier  college.  He  died  in  1861  in  New  York 
City. 

Ryan,  John  Augustine,  educator,  theolo- 
gian, author,  was  born  May  25.  1869,  in 
Dakota  county,  Minn.  In  1898  he  was  or- 
dained to  the  priesthood:  and  since  1902 
has  been  professor  oi  moral  theology  and 
economics  at  St.  Paul  seminary  of  Minne- 
sota.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Living  Wage. 

Ryan,  Mrs.  Marah  Ellis,  actress,  author. 
V.  as  born  Feb.  27.  1860,  in  Butler  county. 
Pa.  She  is  a  retired  actress  and  novelist 
living  at  Fayette  Springs,  Pa.  She  is  the 
author  of  A  Pagan  of  the  Alleghanics; 
Ivlerze;    On    Love's    Domains;    Told    in    the 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   CF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


S7 


Hills;  Squaw  l']luisi';  A  Flower  of  Fraud' ; 
I'omraih's;  A  Ciianw  Cliild;  The  Bond 
Woman;   and  Indian  Love  Letters. 

Ryan,  Michael,  nu-rc-liant.  was  born  Oct. 
8.  184.').  ill  Ireland.  In  1893  he  became 
Ipii'sideiit  of  a  larye  packinjz  business  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In  18!I4  he  becamo  pres- 
ident of  the  Cincinnati  chamber  of  com- 
merce; and  in  18!l4-98  was  assistant  Unit- 
ed   States    treasurer    at    Cincinnati.    Ohio. 

Ryan,  Patrick  John,  clergyman,  archbish- 
op, was  born  Feb.  02,  1831,  in  Ireland.  Dur- 
ing  the   war   he   acted   as   chaplain    to   the 

Oratiot     street    mili- 
\     '  "1.,^^^^  '        tary   prison   and  hos- 

pital, and  after  the 
civil  war  was  ap- 
pointed rector  of  St. 
John's  church.  In 
1872  he  was  conse- 
A       -^j^  crated    Roman    cath- 

^J^j^rfPL^  olic     bishop     of     St. 

^^BS^^^S^^^  Louis,  and  subse- 
^^^|^^|B^^H  archbishop; 

I^Hmmmm  transferred  to  Phila- 
delphia as  its  arch- 
bishop. He  was  the  author  of  What  Cath- 
olics do  Not  Believe;  and  Some  of  the 
Causes  of  Modern  Religious  Skepticism. 
He  died  Feb.   11,   1911.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Ryan,  Stephen  Vincent,  clergyman,  bish- 
oj).  author,  was  burn  Jan.  1,  1825,  in  Can- 
ada. He  was  Roman  catholic  bishop  of 
Buffalo  in  1860-96.  He  was  the  author  of 
'J"he  Claims  of  a  Protestant  Episcopal 
Bishop  to  Apostolical  Succession  and  Valid 
Orders  Disproved.  He  died  April  10,  1896, 
in    Buffalo,  N.Y. 

Ryan,  Thomas,  musician,  composer,  au- 
thor, was  Ijorii  in  1827  in  Ireland.  His 
fortunes  were  inseparably  bound  up  witii 
tiiose  of  the  Mendelssohn  quintette  club, 
of  which  he  is  the  sole  remaining  original 
member.  This  little  band  of  excellent  mu- 
sicians visited  every  town  of  any  size  in 
the  I'nited  States.  He  is  the  author  of 
HecoUections  of  an  Old  Musician ;  and  How 
.Music    is    Composed. 

Ryan,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  25,  1837,  in 
Oxford,  N.Y.  In  1865  he  moved  to  Kan- 
sas and  settled  in  Tojx-ka ;  was  county  at- 
torney for  eight  years;  and  was  assistant 
Inited  States  attorney  in  1873-77.  In  1877- 
89  he  was  a  representative  from  Kansas 
to  the  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth,  forty-sev- 
enth, forty-eighth,  forty-nintii  and  fiftieth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  served  for 
four  years  as  minister  to  Mexico.  Since 
1897  he  has  been  first  assistant  secretary 
of   the    interior. 

Ryan,  Thomas  Curran,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  .Inly  4,  1840,  in  L'tica, 
N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  and  by  a  private  tiitor.  In  1861- 
(^3  he  served  as  a  private  soldier  in  the 
fifth  Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry.  Since 
1866  he  has   practiced  law;   and  since   1881 


has  been  located  at  Wausau.  Wis.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  Wisconsin  bar  associa- 
tion. He  is  the  author  of  O'Holligan's  Fine 
Forms;  Jurisprudential  Satire;  Finite  and 
Infinite;    and    a    piiilosophical    work. 

Ryan,  Thomas  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  April  9,  1859,  in  Centreville.  Kent 
county,  R.I.  He  was  educated  in  the  Prov- 
idence and  Holyoke  high  schools  and  acad- 
emy; and  attained  success  in  the  practice 
of  law  in  Oregon  City,  Ore.  For  two  years 
he  was  mayor  of  Oregon  City;  city  re- 
corder for  six  years;  water  commissioner 
for  five  years;  chief  of  fire  department; 
school  clerk  for  eight  years;  school  di- 
rector for  five  years;  and  member  of  the 
executive  committee  of  state  good  roads 
association.  He  has  been  chairman  of  the 
republican  county  committee;  a  member 
of  the  congressional  committee.  He  has 
been  grand  high  priest  R.  A.  :M.  of  Oregon ; 
grand  patriarch  Independent  order  of  odd 
fellows;  and  for  four  years  was  grand 
representative  from  Oregon  to  the  sover- 
eign, grand  lodge  Independent  order  of  odd 
fellows.  Since  1888  he  has  been  judge  of 
the  county  court  for  Clackamas  county, 
and  is  now  serving  his  term  ending  in 
1906. 

Ryan,  Thomas  Fortune,  capitalist,  was 
born  Oct.  17,  1851.  in  Blue  Ridge,  Va.  In 
1886     he    joined     hands     with     William     C. 

Whitney    in    securing 
a  n  d  consolidating 

the  various  street 
surface  railroads  in 
N  e  w  York,  which 
now  comprise  tlie 
large  system  owned 
by  the  ^letropolitan 
traction  company.  He 
is  a  director  in  the 
Southern  railway,  the 
Hocking  \'allev,  the 
Flint  and  Pere  .Mar- 
quette and  the  Geor- 
gia central  railroads,  the  Metropolitan  trac- 
tion company,  the  Consolidated  traction 
company,  the  Bank  of  New  Ainsti'rdam, 
and  many  other  corporations  of  like  nature. 
His  fortune  is  estimated  at  several  mil- 
lions. 

Ryan,  Thomas  K.,  educator,  public  ofli- 
cial,  was  born  .Vug.  9,  1849,  in  Ridgeway, 
Wis.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  ed- 
ucation in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
state;  and  attended  the  academy  at  Spring 
(Jreen.  Wis.  For  live  years  he  taught  school 
in  Wisconsin  and  the  Dakotas.  In  1877-80 
lie  was  town  clerk  of  Ridgeway;  for  one 
year  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  su- 
fXMvisors  of  Iowa  county;  and  for  one  year 
was  chairman  of  the  board  of  sujx'rvisors 
of  Ridgeway,  Wis.  In  1879-83  he  was  also 
a  notary  public,  survey  agent  for  the  Hart- 
ford fire  insurance  company,  and  manager 
of  the  Canterbury  warehouse  of  Ridgeway, 
\\'is.  For  five  years  he  was  business  agent 
and  treasurer  of  the  Cement  workers'  union 


88 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


of  California;  and  since  1903  has  been  gcn- 
€Tal  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Amer- 
ican brotiierhood  of  cement  workers  at  iSan 
Francisco,    Cal. 

Ryan,  William,  farmer,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1840  in  Ireland.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state  as- 
sembly in  1891-02;  and  in  1893-05  he  was  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  to  the  fif- 
ty-tliird  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Ryan,  William  Henry,  business  man, 
congressman,  was  born  May  10,  18G0,  in 
Hopkinton,  Mass.  In  1866  he  moved  to  Buf- 
falo with  his  par- 
ents; and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public 
and  high  schools  of 
that  city.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  firm 
of  .fames  R^'an's  sons 
com])any,  general 

bonding,  liabilitj^  and 
fire  insurance.  In 
1804  he  was  elected 
to  represent  the  sec- 
ond ward  of  Buffalo 
in  the  board  of  su- 
|>ervisors  of  Erie  county;  and  in  1898  was 
elected  ciiainiian  of  that  body.  In  1004  he 
was  a  delegate  to  the  national  democratic 
convention  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1800-1909 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  (I'.c  lifty-sixtli,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Ryan,  William  Redmond,  soldier,  autlior, 
\^•as  born  in  I'higlaMd.  lie  published  Per- 
sonal Adventures  in  California,  wliich  was 
illustrated  from  his  own  drawings,  and  con- 
tains many  interesting  details  of  early  pio- 
neer life  in  California.  He  died  in  Cali- 
fdrnia. 

Ryder,  Albert  Pinkham,  artist,  was  born 
IMarch  19.  1847.  in  New  Bedford,  Mass. 
He  st\idie(l   art   under   William   E.  Marshall 

and  at  the  National 
academy  of  design, 
lie  has  been  called 
the  last  of  the  ro- 
manticists; is  a  na- 
tional academician; 
and  a  member  of  the 
society  of  American 
artists.  Among  his 
paintings  are  Wan- 
dering Cow:  Curfew 
Hour  ;  i'egasus; 

Farm- Yard;  T  h  e 

Waste  of  Waters  Is 
Their  Field;  Little  Maid  of  Arcady;  Tem- 
ple  of   the    Mind;    and    Pliantom    Ship. 

Ryder,  Arthur  Hilton,  musician,  compos- 
er, was  born  April  30,  187!'),  in  Plymoutl), 
Mass.  Since  1004  he  has  been  organist  and 
(hoir  master  of  tli<>  Crace  churcli  of  Prov- 
idence, \\.\.  lie  has  comijosed  many  songs 
and  organ  pieces;  and  a  christmas  carol 
service  entitled  As  It  Began  to  Dawn. 


Ryder,  Charles  Jackson,  secretary,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Dec.  25,  1848,  in  Oberlin, 
Ohio.  He  is  corresponding  secretary  of  the 
American  missionary  association.  He  has 
written  on  sociology,  education  and  mis- 
sions iii   various  perodicals. 

Ryder,  James,  educator,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1800,  in 
Ireland.  In  1830  he  became  pastor  of  St. 
Mary's  church  of  Philadelphia;  and  in  the 
following  year  he  took  charge  of  a  church 
in  Frederick,  Md.,  wliich  he  soon  left  to 
assume  tlie  presidency  of  Georgetown  col- 
1(  ge.  In  1843-45  he  Avas  superior  of  the 
Jesuit  order  in  the  United  States.  In  1846 
lie  became  president  of  the  college  of  the 
Holy  Cross  of  Worcester,  Mass.  He  died 
Jan.   12,   1860,  in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Ryder,  Piatt  Powell,  painter,  artist,  was 
horn  .Inne  11,  1821,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
Among  his  geiu'e  paintings  are  Life's  liv- 
ening; Sjjinning;  An  Interior;  Farewell; 
Spinning- Wheel;  Reading  the  Cup;  Wash- 
ing-Day;  P>ill  of  Fare;  Fireside;  and 
\\ateliiaig  and  ^Vaiting.  He  was  an  asso- 
ciate of  the  National  academj^  in  18G8;  and 
was  also  a  founder  of  the  Brooklyn  Acad- 
emy of  Design.  Ho  died  July  16,  1896,  in 
Saratoga   Spiings.  N.Y. 

Ryder,  Thomas  Philander,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  June  29,  1836,  in  Cohas- 
set,  Mass.  For  many  years  he  was  organ- 
ist at  Tremont  temple  of  Boston,  Mass. 
He  is  the  composer  of  light  and  popular 
piano  music. 

Ryder,  William  Henry,  clergyman,  phil- 
;\nthroi)ist,  was  born  July  13,  1822,  in  Prov- 
incetown,  Alass.  For  ten  years  he  was  pas- 
tor of  the  universalist  church  in  Roxbury, 
Mass.;  and  in  1860  accepted  a  call  to  St. 
Paul's  church  of  Chicago.  He  bequeathed 
more  than  half  a  million  dollars  to  char- 
itable, educational  and  religious  institu- 
tions. He  died  March  8,  1888,  in  Chicago, 
111. 

Ryerson,  Martin,  merchant,  was  born  Jan. 
(1,  1818.  In  1839  lie  engaged  with  a  merchant 
and  lumberman  of  Muskegon,  Mich.,  contin- 
uing with  him  for  two 
years.  Being  im- 
pressed with  the 
timber  wealth  o  f 
the  country  and  its 
prospective  profit,  he 
bargained  for  his  em- 
ployer's interest  in 
the  saw  mill  and  en- 
gaged in  the  nuinu- 
factine  of  lumber. 
The  rise  of  western 
towns  supplied  him 
with  a  n  excellent 
iiiarkrt,  and  lie  gradually  increased  his  fa- 
cilities iiiilil  the  business  eventually  grew 
to  be  one  of  tlie  largest  of  the  kind  in  the 
west.  He  erected  in  Lincoln  park,  Chica- 
go, a  bronze  group  of  statuary  in  mem- 
orv  of  the  Ottawa  nation,  for  whom  in  his 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


89 


early  life  lie  had  acquired  a  profound  ad- 
miration. He  died  Sept.  (i,  1887,  in  J5oston, 
Mass. 

Ryerson,  Martin,  nierehant,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  in  New  Jersey.  In  1855  he 
was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  Jersey;  and  in  1874  was  appoint- 
ed one  of  the  judges  of  the  court  organized 
in  Washington  for  the  purpose  of  adjudi- 
cating the  Alabama  claims.  He  died  in 
.hint'.   187"),  in  Newton,  N.J. 

Ryder,  William  Henry,  soldier,  educator, 
clergyman,  was  born  July  24,  1842,  in  Ely- 
ria,  N.Y.  In  18G!)  he  tilled  pastorate  in 
Watertown,  Wis.;  and  in  1877-78  he  was 
pastor  of  the  First  congregational  church 
of  Ann  Arbor,  ilich.  Since  1888  he  has 
been  professor  of  new  testament  inter- 
pretation at  Andover  theological  seminary 
of  Massachusetts. 

Ryerson,  Thomas  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
18.34  he  .vas  an  associate  justice  of  the 
su,|)reme   court   of   New   Jersey. 

Rylance,  Joseph  Hine,  clergyman,  author, 
was  burn  June  Hi,  182G,  in  England.  In 
1871  he  became  rector  of  St.  Mark's  in  the 
15()wery  of  New  York  City.  He  was  the 
author  of  Preachers  and  Preaching;  Essays 
on  Miracles;  Social  Questions;  Pulpit  Talks 
on  Topics  of  the  Time;  and  Essay  on  Ten- 
nyson.   He  died  in   1!)07  in  New  York  City. 

Ryland,  C.  H.,  educator,  clergyman.  He 
is  linamial  secretary  of  the  Richmond  col- 
lege  of   \irginia. 

Ryland,  Cally,  journalist,  author,  was 
bcirn  in  Kichmond,  Va.  Since  1902  she  has 
been  editor  of  the  woman's  page  in  the 
Itichmoiid  News-Leader.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Taming  of  Betty;  and  Aunt  Jemi- 
my    Maxim. 

Ryland,  John  Edwin,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
i)orn  July  8,  18.30,  in  Fayette,  Mo.  In  1840- 
.")1  he  was  judge  of  the  Supreme  court; 
dviring  18()2-()5  was  circuit  attorney  of  the 
sixth  judicial  circiiit  ot  Missouri;  and  .sub- 
se(jiiently  he  became  judge  of  the  criminal 
court  of  the  fifteenth  judicial  district  of 
Missouri.  He  died  Sept.  10,  1873,  in  La- 
fayette,  Mo. 

Ryland,  Robert,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
iijent.  WHS  born  .March  14,  180.),  in  King 
and  Queen  county,  Va.  In  1832  he  took 
charge  of  the  manual-labor  school  in  Rich- 
mond; and  when  that  school  was  charter- 
ed in  1844  as  Richmond  eolli'ge  he  was 
made  its  president,  serving  until  18(>(».  For 
twenty-five  years  he  acted  as  pastor  of  the 
First  African  baptist  church  of  Richmond, 
during  which  time  he  baptized  into  its 
fellowship  nearly  four  thousaiul  jiersons.  In 
lSli8  he  removed  to  Kentucky,  where  be 
( ngaged  in  the  work  of  teaching  and 
preaching.  He  .lied  .April  23,  18!)!).  in  Lex- 
ington,   Ky. 

Ryland,  William  Semple,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, college  president,  was  born  June 
4,  1836.  in  Richmond,  Va.  He  held  chairs 
in  the  Female  institute  of  Grenada.  Miss., 
and  Le^iington  Female  college  of  Kentucky, 


of  which  he  became  president.  He  was 
juofessor  of  natural  science  in  Bethel  col- 
lege of  Russellville,  Ky.,  and  was  its  pres- 
ident in  1889-98.  He  died  in  1906  in  Rus- 
sellville, Ky. 

Ryle,  John,  manufacturer,  was  born  Oct. 
22,  1817,  in  England.  He  engaged  to  estab- 
lish a  silk  factory  at  Paterson,  N.J.,  of 
which  he  became  owner  in  1846.  He  was 
tlie  first  to  carry  on  this  business  with 
success  in  the  United  States.  He  died  Nov, 
6,   1887,  in  England. 

Ryle,  William  Thornicroft,  manufacturer, 
was  born  Feb.  20,  1858,  in  Paterson,  N.J. 
He  was  educated  in  this  country  and  in 
England,  leaving  college  before  graduation, 
owing  to  the  death  of  his  father,  William 
Ryle.  He  succeeded  to  the  business  of  the 
importation  or  raw  silk  which  his  father, 
William  Ryle,  had  founded.  In  addition 
to  his  silk  interests  he  had  for  many  years 
been  the  president  of  the  Edison  electric 
illuminating  company  of  Paterson.  He  died 
Sept.  21,  1898,  in  Cape  ]\[ay,  N.J. 

Ryley,  Mrs.  Madeleine  Lucette,  actress, 
playwright,  author,  was  born  in  London, 
iMigland.  She  abandoned  the  stage  for  au- 
thorship; and  made  her  first  success  with 
C;nristopher,  Jr.,  played  by  John  Drew  in 
1894.  She  has  since  produced  The  American 
Citizen;  Mysterious  Mr.  Bugle;  Lady  Jemi- 
ma; Valentine's  Bays;  A  Coat  of  Many 
Colors;  and  a  score  of  other  plays.  She  is 
the   author   of   An   American   Citizen. 

Ryon,  John  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  boin  ]\Iaich  4,  1825,  in  Tioga  county, 
Pa.  He  was  district  attorney  of  his  native 
county  in  18.50-56.  In  1879-81  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
forty-sixth   congress  as   a  democrat. 

Saalfiield,  Mra  Adah  Louise,  writer,  au- 
thor, was  born  -lune  8,  1865,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  In  1885  she  married  Arthur  James 
Saaliield  of  Akron,  Ohio^  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Drummond  Year  Book;  Mr.  Bunny, 
His  Book:  Seeds  of  April's  Sowing;  Sweet- 
er Still  Than  Tliis:   and  Teddy  Bears. 

Sabath,  Adolph  J.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
Wiis  born  April  4,  1866,  in  Bohemia.  In 
1881  he  moved  to  Chicago,  HI.  In  1885  he 
graduated  from  the  Bryant  and  Stratton 
business  college;  and  graduated  from  the 
law  de|)artment  of  Lake  Forest  university. 
In  1890  he  was  admitted  to  the  practice 
of  law.  In  1895-97  he  was  justice  of  the 
peace  in  (liicago.  111.;  and  in  1897-1907 
was  ])()lice  magistrate.  In  1907-15  he  was 
a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the  six- 
tieth, sixty-first,  si.xty-second  and  sixty- 
t  hi  111    congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Sabin,  Alvah,  clergyman,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  boiii  Oct.  23,  1793.  in 
Ceoigia.  \'t.  He  Served  ten  years  in  the 
N'ermont  state  legislature;  was  secretary 
of  state  for  Vermont  in  1841 ;  and  in  1853- 
57  he  was  a  re|iresentative  from  Vermont 
to  the  thirty-third  and  thirty-fourth  con- 
gresses.   He   died    in    Vermont. 


90 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Sabin,  Alvah  Horton,  manufacturer, 
chemist,  author,  was  born  April  0,  1851,  in 
Norfolk,  N.Y.  He  invented  and  patented 
a  modern  process  for  making  sugar  of  milk. 
He  is  the  author  of  Industrial  and  Artistic 
Technology  of  Paint  and  Varnish;  and 
House  Painting. 

Sabin,  Chauncey  Brewer,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  Avas  born  Aug.  G,  1824,  in 
Oneonta,  N.Y.  In  1873  he  was  elected  a 
representative  in  the  Texas  state  legisla- 
ture; and  in  1874-83  was  postmaster  at 
Galveston.  In  1884-90  he  was  United  States 
district  judge  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Texas. 

Sabin,  Dwignt  May,  soldier,  manufactur- 
er, state  legishitor,  United  States  senator, 
was  born  April  25,  1845,  in  Marseilles,  111. 
He  moved  to  Minnesota  in  1868;  and  in 
1870-71  was  a  state  senator.  He  served 
several  terms  as  a  representative  in  the 
state  legislature;  and  became  president  of 
several  large  manufacturing  comjianies.  In 
18S;i-8!)  lie  was  Ignited  States  senator  from 
Minnesota.  He  died  Dec.  23.  1902,  in  Chi- 
cago.  111. 

Sabin,  Edwin  Legrand,  litterateur,  au- 
thoi-,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1870,  in  Rockford, 
early  education  in  the 
jniblic  schools  of 
Clinton,  Iowa;  and  in 
1892  graduated  from 
the  uni\('rsity  of  Io- 
wa. He  is  a  member 
of  several  fraternal 
organizations  and 

has  spent  most  of 
his  life  in  Illinois 
and  Iowa.  He  is  a 
litterateur  of  prom- 
inence: and  contrib- 
utes   articles    to    the 


111.    He  received  his 


leading 


magazines. 


He  is  the  author  of  Making  of  Iowa;  The 
Magic  Mashie;  Beaufort  Chums;  and  When 
You  Were  a  Boy. 

Sabin,  Elbridge  Hosmer,  sohlier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  10,  18G5,  in  Middle- 
townpoint,  N.J.  Since  1888  he  has  been 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law.  He  served 
in  the  Spanish-Amercan  war  in  the  first 
Texas  volunteer  cavalry.  He  is  tlie  author 
of  Early  American  History  for  Young 
Americans;  and  Stella's  Adventures  in 
Starland. 

Sabin,  Elijah  Robinson,  evangelist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  10,  1776,  in  Tolland, 
Conn.  He  was  appointed  chaplain  of  the 
Massachusetts  house  of  representatiA'es; 
and  afterward  becan.e  pastor  of  a  metho- 
dist  church  in  Bath,  Maine.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Road  to  Happiness;  and 
Cliarles  Observator.  He  died  May  4,  1818, 
in   Augusta,  Ga. 

Sabin,  Ellen  Clara,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, Avas  born  Nov.  29,  1850,  in  Sun 
Prairie,  Wis.  In  1891-95  she  was  president 
of  Downer  college  of  Fox  Lake,  Wis.;    and 


since  1895  has  been  president  of  the  Mil- 
waukee-Downer   college    of    Wisconsin. 

Sabin,  George  M.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Sept.  18,  1835,  in  Cuyahoga  coun- 
t.y,  Ohio.  He  moved  to  Nevada  in  1868; 
and  in  1882-90  was  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  district  of  Nevada.  He  died 
JMay   12,  1890,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Sabin,  Joseph,  ]uiblisher,  bibliophile,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  9,  1821,  in  England. 
He  became  widely  known  as  a  bookseller 
and  collector  of  rare  books  of  New  York 
City.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Thirty- 
Nine  Articles  of  the  Church  of  England, 
with  Scriptural  Proofs;  Bibliotlieca  Amer- 
icana; and  Bibliography  of  Bibliographies. 
He  died  June  5,  1881,  iii  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Sabine,  Lorenzo,  merchant,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  autiior,  was  born  Feb. 
28,  1803,  in  New  Lisbon,  N.H.  He  was  for 
some  time  secretary  of  the  Boston  board 
of  trade;  was  three  times  elected  to  the 
legislature  of  Maine  from  Eastport;  and 
was  at  one  time  deputy  collector  of  the 
port  of  Passamaquoddy ;  and  in  1851-53  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 
to  the  thirty-second  congress.  He  was  tlie 
author  of  a  Life  of  Commodore  Preble;  The 
American  Loyalists ;  Report  on  the  Amer- 
ican Fisheries;  and  Notes  on  Duels  and 
Ihieling.  He  died  April  14,  1877.  in  Bos- 
ton. ]\iass. 

Sabine,  Wallace  Clement,  educator,  au- 
t'.or,  was  born  in  186S  in  Richmond,  Ohio. 
He  is  assistant  professor  of  physics  in  Har- 
vard university.  He  is  the  author  of  Lab- 
oratory   Course    in    Physical   Measurements. 

Sabine,  William  Tufnell,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Oct.  16,  1838,  in"  New  York 
City.  He  was  educated  at  the  New  York 
university  grammar  school  for  boys;  grad- 
uated from  Columbia  college  with  the  de- 
grees of  A.B.  and  A.M.;  and  in  1859-62 
attended  the  general  theological  seminary 
of  the  protestant  episcopal  church.  He 
has  filled  pastorates  in  New  York  City  and 
in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.;  and  in  1874-1907  Avas 
pastor  of  the  First  reformed  episcopal 
church  of  Ncav  York  City.  Since  1902  he 
has  been  bishop  of  the  Ncav  York  and  Phil- 
adelphia synod  of  the  reformed  episcopal 
church. 

Sachs,  Bernard,  physician,  author,  Avas 
born  Jan.  2,  1858,  in  Baltimore.  ]\Id.  He  is 
a  physician  of  New  York  City,  Avell  knoAvn 
as  a  neurologist.  He  is  the  author  of 
Nervous  and  Mental  Diseases  of  Childhood, 
and    many   professional   Monographs. 

Sachse,  Helena  V.,  liygienist,  author,  Avas 
born  Nov.  30,  1875.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
She  has  been  lectiere  on  cooking  for  the 
sick  at  various  hospitals  in  Pennsylvania. 
She  is  the  author  of  How  to  Cook  for  the 
Sick    and    Convalescent. 

Sachse,  Julius  Friedrich,  journalist,  au- 
thor, Avas  born  Nov.  22,  1842,  in  Pliiladel- 
jihia.  Pa.  He  is  a  journalist  of  Philadel- 
l)liia.     He  is    the    author    of    The    German 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


91 


Pietists  of  Provincial  Pennsylvania;  Tlio 
(ienesis  of  tlie  Lutheran  Cluneh  in  Penn- 
sylvania; and  German  Seetarians  of  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Sacket,  Delos  Bennet,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1S44  lie  graduated  from 
tlie  United  States  military  aeademy.  In 
1845  he  was  second  lieutenant  in  a  New 
York  infantry;  and  was  regularly  promot- 
ed to  eoloiiel.  In  186.5  he  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  and  major-general.  He 
(lied  .March  S,  188.3,  in  W'asliington.  D.C. 

Sackett,  Henry  Woodward,  educator,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  Aug.  31,  1853,  in  En- 
iieid.  N.Y.  In  1S70  he  graduated  from  Itha- 
ca academy;  and  in  1875  graduated  from 
Cornell  university.  He  taught  Latin  and 
Greek  in  the  Monticello  military  academy; 
and  tlien  moved  to  New  York  City,  where 
he  combined  law  studies  with  the  writing 
of  court  reports  and  special  articles  on 
legal  subjects  for  the  New  York  Tribune. 
He  lia.s  been  ou  the  staff  of  the  governor 
of  New  York,  witii  rank  of  colonel.  He  has 
attained  success  in  his  profession  of  law; 
and  has  taken  active  part  in  the  reform 
movements  affecting  New  York's  municipal 
affairs.  Me  is  tlie  author  of  Law  of  Libel 
tor   Xe\\s|)aper  Men. 

Sackett,  John  Warren,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, was  l)orn  Dec.  13,  lS()f),  in  Rantoul, 
ill.    He  attended  the  university  of  Illinois; 

and  has  attained  suc- 
cess as  a  civil  engi- 
neer. Since  1888  he 
lias  been  cliief  as- 
sistant engineer  in 
tiie  Tnited  States 
engineer  service  for 
the  district  of  Flor- 
ida. During  the  Span- 
isii-Amercan  war  he 
was  major  in  the 
United  States  volun- 
teers, commanding 
provisional  engineer 
of  battalion  in  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico.  He 
landed  the  first  troops  of  the  American 
army  in  the  Porto  Rican  expedition.  He 
has  indd  the  principal  ofiices  in  several  se- 
cret societies.  He  is  brigadier-general  com- 
manding first  l)rigade  in  the  first  infantry 
Florida  national  guard  (state  troops)  and 
resides  in  -lacksonville,  Fla.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  American  society  of  civil  engi- 
neers, of  the  National  geographic  society 
and  of  tlie  IVrmanent  international  asso- 
ciation   of    navi^ration    congress. 

Sackett,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  ^'ork.  In  18fil  he  was  major  in  the 
nintli  regiment  New  York  cavalry;  and  in 
18(i5  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He   died    June    14,    1804. 

Sackett,  William  Augustus,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  18,  1812,  in  Au- 
rcdius.  N.Y.  In  184!)-53  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Y'ork  to  the  thirty-first  and 
thirty-second  congresses.    He   jiracticed  law 


in  Saratoga  Springs.    He  died  Sept.  6,  1895, 
in    Saratoga    Springs,    N.Y. 

Sadler,  Herbert  Charles,  educator,  naval 
anliitect.  was  born  in  1872  in  London, 
England.  Since  1!>04  he  has  been  professor 
of  naval  architecture  in  the  university  of 
Michigan.  In  18'.t()-i)S  he  was  president  of 
the   Glasgow   engineering  society. 

Sadler,  Reinhold,  governor,  was  born  Jan. 
10,  1848,  in  Prussia.  He  resided  in  Nevada. 
He  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  in  1805; 
and  in  18!Mt-l!)()3  was  the  ninth  governor  of 
Nevada.  He  died  in  li)OG  in  Carson  City, 
Nev. 

Sadler,  Thomas  William,  soldier,  agri- 
culturist, lawver,  coiigiessiiian,  Avas  born 
April  17,  183l'.  near  Russellville.  Ala.  He 
was  county  superintendent  of  education  in 
1875-84;  and  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1880.  In  1885-87  he  was  a  rejiresentative 
from  Alabama  to  the  forty-ninth  congress 
as   a   democrat. 

Sadlier,  Anna  Teresa,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  lil,  1854.  in  ]\Iontreal,  Canada.  She  is 
tlie  author  of  Seven  Years  and  ^lair;  The 
King's  Page;  Ethel  Hamilton;  Names  that 
Live,  a  volume  of  biographies;  Women  of 
Catholicity;  The  Silent  Woman  of  Alood; 
and  many  translations  from  the  French, 
Italian    and   (ierman. 

Sadlier,  James  E.,  jjhysician.  surgeon, 
was  born  in  18()5  in  Walden,  N.Y'.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Montg()mer,y  and  New  Paltz 
academies;  graduated  frcmi  the  Albany 
medical  college;  and  took  a  post-graduate 
course  in  the  Johns  Hopkins  hospital  of 
Baltimore.  He  is  surgeon-in-chief  to  the 
Sadlier  lios])ital;  and  consulting  surgeon  to 
tl'c  Highland  hospital.  He  has  been  vice- 
president  of  the  American  association  of 
cl  stetrieiaiis    and    gynecologists. 

Sadlier,  Mrs.  Mary  Anne,  litterateur,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Dec.  31,  1820.  in  Ireland. 
She  was  a  writer  of  Roman  catholic  Sunday 
school  tales;  and  wife  of  J.  Sadlier,  a  New 
York  ])ublisher.  She  is  the  author  of  Alice 
Riordan;  R<'(1  Hand  of  Ulster;  The  Daugh- 
ter of  Tyrconnell;  and  The  Old  House  by 
tlie  Royne.    She  died  iiv  New  York  Cit,v. 

Sadtler,  Benjamin,  clergyman,  college 
jiresident,  autiior.  was  born  Dec.  25.  1823, 
in  Baltimore.  Md.  In  1875  he  accepted  the 
presidenc.y  of  Muhlenberg  college  of  Allen- 
town.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Rebellious 
Nation  Reproved;  and  The  Causes  and 
Kelliedies  of  the  Losses  of  Her  Population 
l)y   the    Luthi-raii   Church    in    America. 

Sadtler,  Samuel  Philip,  chemist,  autlior, 
was  born  July  18,  1847,  in  Pine  (.rove.  Pa. 
In  1S74-!M  he  was  profes.sor  of  chemistry 
in  the  university  of  Pennsylvania;  and 
siiu'e  1878  has  been  profesi^or  of  chemistry 
in  the  Philadelphia  college  of  pharmacy. 
He  is  the  author  of  Handbook  of  Chemical 
Ivxperimentations  for  Li'ctures;  Handbook 
of  Industrial  Organic  Chemistry;  and  Text- 
book   of     I'haniiaceutical    Chemistry. 

Saffold,  Reuben,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was   born   Sept.  4,   1788,  in   Wilkes  county, 


92 


HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Ga.  During  the  Indian  troubles  he  com- 
manded a  vohmteer  company;  and  he  sub- 
sequently served  several  terms  in  the  leg- 
islature of  Mississippi  territory.  He  was 
made  a  circuit  judge;  was  one  of  the  three 
judges  that  were  appointed  to  the  supreme 
bench  in  1832;  and  served  as  chief  justice 
in  1835-36.  He  died  Feb.  15,  1847,  in  Dal- 
las  county,  Ala. 

Saffold,  William  Berney,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  11,  1867,  in  Selma, 
Ala.  He  is  professor  of  Greek  and  Latin 
at  the  university  of  Alabama.  He  is  part 
author  of  The  Construction. 

Safford,  A.  P.  K.,  governor.  He  was  gov- 
ernor of  the  territory  of  Arizona  in  1869-78. 
He  died  Dec.  16,  1891,  in  Tarpon  Springs, 
Fla. 

Safford,  James  Merrill,  educator,  geolo- 
gist, chemist,  was  born  Aug.  13,  1822,  in 
Putnam,   now    a   part    of    Zanesville,    Ohio. 

In  1844  he  graduated 
at  the  Ohio  univer- 
sity, and  afterward 
attended  Yale  uni- 
versity, from  whicli 
institution  he  subse- 
quently received  the 
degree  of  I'h.D.  Dur- 
ing 1848-72  he  was 
RJMIP  professor  of  natural 
^^BBm  science  in  Cumber- 
^^^^HB  land  university;  dur- 
^^^^^^  ing  1873-96  was  pro- 
fessor of  chemistry 
in  the  medical  department  of  the  univer- 
sity of  Nashville;  in  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  the  Vanderbilt  university  during 
1873-94;  in  1875  became  professor  of  nat- 
ural   history    and    geology    in    the   Vander 


bilt 


university.  In  1854-60  he  was  state 
geologist  of  Tennessee.  He  was  the  author 
of  a  series  of  reports  on  the  Geology  of 
Tennessee,  and  various  other  works.  He 
died    ill   1907   in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Safford,  Truman  Henry,  educator,  math- 
ematician, astronomer,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  6,  1836,  in  Royalton,  Vt.  He  has  been 
professor  of  astronomy  at  Williams  college 
since  1876.  He  is  the  author  of  Mathemat- 
ical Teaching  and  Its  Modern  Methods.  He 
died  .Tune   13.  1901.  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Safford,  William  Harrison,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  Feb.  19,  1821,  in 
I'arkersburg,  W.Va.  In  1848  he  removed  to 
Chillicothe,  Ohio;  in  1858-60  served  in  the 
state  senate;  and  in  1868-74  was  judge  of 
the  second  division  of  the  fifth  judicial  cir- 
cuit of  Ohio.  He  was  the  author  of  Life  of 
Blennerhasset;  and  The  Blennerhasset  Pa- 
pers. 

Sage,  Adoniram  Judson,  educator,  clergy- 
man, was  born  March  29,  1836.  in  Massil- 
lon,  Ohio.  He  filled  pastorates  in  the  bap- 
tist churches  in  Shelburne  Falls.  Mass.;  in 
rhihvdelpliia,  Pa.;  and  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
In  1870-71  he  was  professor  of  Latin  in  the 
imiversity  of  Rochester;  and  in  1884-88  in 
tlie    Baptist    theological    seminary    of    Chi- 


cago, 111.  He  was  president  of  the  Baptist 
state  convention  of  Connecticut.  He  is  now 
engaged  in  educational  and  literary  work. 
Sage,  Agnes  Carolyn,  writer,  author,  was 
born  March  17,  1854,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In 
1875-1900  she  lived  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.,  and 
is  now  a  Avriter  of  Hackensack,  N.J.  She 
has  been  a  writer  in  literary  work  since 
1873.  She  is  the  author  of  Christman  Elms; 
The  Jolly  Ten;  A  Little  Colonel  Dame; 
A  Little  Daughter  of  the  Revolution;  and 
The  Boys  and  Girls  of  the  White  Housv. 

Sage,"  Ebenezer,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Connecticut.  In  1809-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative ironi  New  Y^ork  to  the  eleventh, 
twelfth  and  thirteenth  congresses  and  serv- 
ed one  year  in  the  sixteenth  congress.  He 
died  Jan.  20,   1834,  in   Sag  Harbor,  N.Y. 

Sage,  Gardner  Avery,  surveyor,  philan- 
tliropist,  was  born  May  3,  1813,  in  New 
York  City.  He  built  and  endowed  the  li- 
brary of  the  Theological  seminary  at  New 
Brunswick.  N.J.,  which  bears  his  name, 
and  whicli  lie  presented  to  the  general 
f-ynod.  His  gifts  amounted  to  nearly  two 
li'undred  and  lifty  thousand  dollars.  He  died 
Aug.  22,  1882,  in  Sulphur  Springs,  Va. 

Sage,  George  R.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Aug.  24,  1828,  in  Erie,"  Pa.  He  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  three  terms  in  Lebanon, 
Ohio.  He  returned  to  Cincinnati  in  1865; 
and  in  1883-98  was  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  southern  district  of  Ohio. 
He  (lied  in   1898  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Sage,  Henry  William,  financier,  state  leg- 
islator, pliilaiithiopist,  was  born  Jan.  31, 
1814,  in  :\iiddletown,  Conn.  About  1854  he 
built  a  saw  mill  at  Lake  Simcoe,  in  Cana- 
da. Later  became  a  lumber  operator  in 
West  Bay  City,  Mich;  and  one  of  the  larg- 
( st  owners  of  pine  lands  in  that  state.  He 
gave  more  than  one  million  two  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  Cornell  uni- 
\ersity;'  and  Sage  college  for  women,  a 
chapei,  a  library  and  other  buildings  there 
are  monuments  to  his  liberality.  In  1847 
he  was  elected  to  the  New  York  legislature. 
He  died  Sept.   17,   1897,  in  Itliaca,  N.Y. 

Sage,  Mrs.  Margaret  Olivia  Slocum,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  Sept.  8,  1828,  in  Syr- 
acuse, N.Y.  She  is  the  wife  of  Russell 
Sage.  During  1907  she  gave  a  million  dol- 
lars to  the  Emma  Willard  seminary  of 
Troy,  N.Y. ;  one  million  dollars  to  the 
Itensselaer  ])olytechnic  institute;  one  hun- 
dred and  fifteen  thousand  to  a  public  school 
at  Sag  Harbor,  N.Y.;  ten  million  dollars 
to  be  known  as  the  Sage  foundation  for 
social  betterment;  three  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  dollars  to  the  Young  men's  chris- 
tian association  of  New  York;  one  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  to  the  American  sea- 
man's friends  society;  one  hundred  and 
iifty  thousand  to  the  Northfield  seminary; 
three  hundred  thousand  to  the  Sage  insti- 
tute of  pathology;  two  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  to  a  home  for  indigent  women; 
and    various    other    donations. 

Sage,    Russell,    merchant,    financier,    con- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


93 


cia  county, 


\v:is  born  Aug.  4,  181G,  in  Onei- 
N.Y.  In  1841-48  he  was  an  al- 
derman of  the  city 
of  Troy,  N.Y.;  and 
was  treasurer  of 
Rensschier  county  for 
seven  years.  In  1853- 
57  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New 
York  to  the  thirty- 
third  and  thirty- 
fourth  congresses ; 
and  was  the  first  man 
who  advocated,  on  the 
floor  of  congress,  the 
Mount 


general 


purchase      of 


government. 


For 


Vernon    by    tlie 

twelve  years  he  was  president  and  vice- 
president  of  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  and 
St.  Paul  railroad;  and  was  director  in  many 
of  the  largest  railroads  in  America.  He 
died  July  22,   1906,  in  Lawrence,  L.I. 

Sage,   William,  banker,  author,  was  born 
May  8,   1804,  in  Manchester,  N.H.  ■  He  was 
educated   in   the   public   schools    of   his   na- 
tive     city      and      i  n 
"~~  '     France  and 


In  1891-96 
engaged  in 
way      and 

business 


Germany, 
he  was 
the  rail- 
banking 

in        New 


Frenchv, 


York;  and  since  1890 
has  devoted  himself 
to  literature  as  a 
writer  of  newspaper 
and  magazine  stories 
and  novels.  He  is  the 
author  of  Robert 
Tourney;  The  Clay- 
The    Story    of    A    Gen- 


District    Attorney;    and    By 


author, 
I'a.     In 


bournes ; 
tleman ;     Tlie 
Rijrht  l)ivin(>. 

Sagebeer,  Joseph  Evans,  lawyer, 
was  born  in  1801  in  Allentown, 
1898  hv.  was  ordained  to  the  baptist  minis- 
try ;  studied  law,  and  now  has  a  large  and 
successful  practice  in  Philadelphia.  Pa.  He 
is  tlu^  author  of  The  Bible  in  Court;  A 
First  Hook  in  Christian  Doctrine;  and  the 
Appeal   to   Reason. 

Sager,  Abram,  phj^sician.  donor,  was 
born  Dec.  22.  1810,  in  Bethlehem,  N.Y.  He 
was  j)resident  of  the  Michigan  medical  so- 
ciety in  1850-52.  His  collection  laid  the 
foundation  of  the  ])resent  mus<'uni  of  tlie 
university,  to  which  he  also  presented  tlie 
Sager  Herbarium  of  twelve  hundred  spe- 
cies and  twelve  thousand  specimens.  He 
died  Aug.  0.   1877,  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

Sahler,  Charles  Oliver,  ])hysician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  June  211,  ]Hri\,  in  Ulster 
county,  N.Y.  For  twenty-seven  years  he 
practiced  medicine  in  Ulster  county,  N.Y. ; 
and  in  1899  fdunded  the  Sahler  sanitarium 
of  Kingston,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of 
I'sychic  Life  and  T,:iw:  and  Aiiieriian  Psy- 
chologist. 

Sailly,    Peter,   congressman,   was   born    in 


France.  In  1805-07  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  ninth  congress.  He 
was  appointed,  by  President  Jefi'erson,  col- 
lector of  customs  for  the  district  of  Cham- 
jdain,  holding  the  ollice  until  his  deatli. 
He  died   :\Iay  2,  1820,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Saint  G.iudens,  Augustus,  sculptor,  was 
born  .Manli  1,  1848,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
president  of  the  Society  of  American  art- 
ists. His  more  important  works  are  stat- 
ues of  Admiral  David  G.  Farragut  in  New 
York  City;  of  Robert  R.  Randall  at  Sailor's 
f-iiug  Harbor,  Staten  Island,  N.Y.;  and  of 
.-loraham  Lincoln  in  Chicago,  111.  He  died 
111  1997.  in  New  Y'ork  City. 

Saint  Gaudens,  Louis,  sculptor,  was  born 
Jan.  8,  18r)4,  in  New  York.  He  has  mod- 
eled a  Faun;  St.  John,  for  the  Church  of 
the  incarnation  of  New  Y^'ork  City;  and 
other  statues.  He  has  assisted  his  broth - 
w  in  most  of  his  works. 

Sajous,  Charles  Euchariste  de  Medici, 
physician,  autlior,  was  born  Dec.  13,  1852, 
at  sea  near  France.  He  became  clinical 
chief  in  the  tliroat  department  of  .Jeffer- 
son college  hos])itaI  of  Philadelphia;  and 
(inally  lecturer  in  the  college  proper.  In 
1888  he  edited  and  brouglit  to  a  successful 
issue  one  of  the  largest  medical  works  of 
tiie  time,  the  Annals  of  the  Universal  Med- 
ical Sciences.  He  is  the  author  of  Cura- 
tive Treatment  of  Hay  Fever;  and  Disease 
of  the  Nose  and  Throat. 

Sales,  Francis,  educator,  author,  was  born 
in  1771  ill  France.  He  was  instructor  at 
Harvard  in  French  and  Spanish  in  1816- 
39,  and  afterward  in  Spanish  alone  until 
1854.  He  edited  and  enlarged  Augustin  E. 
Josse's  Grammar  of  the  Sjianish  Language; 
and  was  the  author  of  critical  and  anno- 
tated editions  of  the  Siianish  dramatists; 
Don  Quixote,  and  other  Spanish  classics; 
the  Fables  of  Fontaine,  with  notes;  and 
treatises  on  the  French  and  Spanish  lan- 
guages. He  died  Feb.  10,  1854,  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Salisbury,  Albert,  soldier,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  Jan.  24, 
1S43.  in   Lima,   Wis.    In   1870  he  graduated 

from   the   Milton   col- 
lege      of     Wisconsin; 
^m|^^  and    received   the   de- 

r  IJ^  grees     of     A.M.     and 

^^L  Ph.n.    from    that    in- 

"^1  stitution.     He    served 

as  a  private  soldier 
during  the  civil  war 
i  n  the  thirteenth 
regiment  Wisconsin 
volunteer  infantry. 
Since  1885  he  has 
been  president  of  the 
state  normal  school 
tit  Whitewater,  Wis.  He  is  the  author  of 
IMmnology  and  Orthoepy;  History  of  Nor- 
mal Instruction  in  Wisconsin;  and  The 
Tlieory    of   Teaeliing. 

Salisbury,    Edward    Elbridge,    pliiloiogist, 


94 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


educator,  author,  was  born  April  6,  1814, 
in  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  professor  of 
Arabic  at  Yale  university  in  1841-56.  He 
was  tlie  author  of  General  and  Biograph- 
ical Monographs.  He  died  Feb.  6,  1901,  in 
New  Haven,  Conn. 

Salisbury,  James  Henry,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  13,  1823,  in  Scott,  N. 
Y.  He  assisted  in  establishing  the  Charity 
Hospital  Medical  college  of  Cleveland,  Ohio; 
and  was  president  of  the  institute  of  Mi- 
crology.  He  was  the  author  of  a  prize  es- 
say on  the  Anatomy  and  History  of  Plants; 
and  one  on  the  Chemical  and  Physiological 
I'Lvaniinations  of  the  Maize  Plant  during 
tlie  \'arious  Stages  of  Its  Growth.  He  died 
ill    lilO.')   in   Cleveland.  Ohio. 

Salisbury,  Rollin  D.,  educator,  govern- 
ment ollicial,  was  born  in  1859  in  Spring 
Prairie,  Wis.  Since  1884  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  United  States  geological 
survey;  and  since  1905  he  has  been  on  the 
state  geological  survey  of  Illinois.  Since 
i!)02  he  has  been  professor  of  geology  and 
geograjjliy;  and  since  1898  iias  been  dean 
of  till-  Ogden  graduate  school  of  science  in 
tlie   university    of   Chicago. 

Salisbury,  Willard,  lawyer,  jurist,  Unit- 
ed States  .senator.  He  was  eliancellor  of 
Delaware.  He  served  as  United  States  sen- 
ator from  Delaware.  He  died  June  6,  1892, 
ill  Dover,  Del. 

Salley,  Alexander  Samuel,  lawyer,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  June  10,  1S71,  in  Orange- 
burg county,  S.C.  He  is  secretary  of  the 
historical  commission  of  South  Carolina, 
lie  is  the  author  of  History  of  Orangeburg 
County,  S.C;  and  Bibliography  of  William 
(iiiiiioi('  Simnis. 

Sallmon,  William  Henry,  educator,  cler- 
gvman,  college  president,  autlior,  was  born 
Sept.  0,  1866,  in  Canada.  In  l!t()2  he  was 
pastor  of  the  South  Congregational  church 
of  Bridgeport,  Conn.  Since  1903  he  has 
been  president  of  Carlton  college  of  North- 
Cield,  Minn.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Studies 
in  tlie  Life  of  Jesus;  and  other  religious 
w  orks. 

Salm,  Felix  Prince,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Germany.  In  1862  he  was  colonel  in  the 
eighth  regiment  New  Y'^ork  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  was  killed  Aug.  18,  1870, 
in  the   Franco-Prussian  war. 

Salmon,  Alvah  Glover,  musician,  pianist, 
composer,  was  born  Sept.  23,  1868,  in  South- 
old,  N.Y.  In  1881  he  graduated  from  the 
New  England  conservatory  of  music;  and 
made  supi)lenientary  studies  in  Germany  and 
Russia.  He  lias  made  extensive  touis;  and 
is  especially  known  as  an  exponent  and 
authority  on  the  new  Russian  school  of 
nuisic.  He  is  a  composer  of  numerous 
works,    principally    for    the    ])ianofor't<'. 

Salmon,  Daniel  Elmer,  veterinarian,  au- 
tlior, was  born  July  23,  1850,  in  Mount 
Olive,  N.J.  In  1881-1905  he  was  chief  of 
the    ilnited    States    bureau    of    animal    in- 


dustry; and  since  1906  he  has  been  director 
of  the  veterinary  department  of  the  uni- 
versity of  Montevideo.  In  1898  he  was 
[iresident  of  the  United  States  veterinar- 
ian medical  association.  He  is  the  author 
of  Diseases  of  Poultry. 

Salmon,  Joshua  S.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  2,  1846,  in  Mount  Olive,  N.J. 
in  1873  he  graduated  from  the  Albany  law 
school;  and  in  1875  began  the  practice  of 
law  at  Boontown,  N.J.  In  1893-98  he  was 
prosecutor  of  the  pleas  for  Morris  county ; 
and  in  1877  was  elected  to  the  New  Jer- 
sey state  legislature.  He  was  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the  Boontown  national  bank; 
and  was  a  director  of  the  bank.  In  1899- 
1903  he  was  a  i-epresentative  from  New  Jer- 
sey to  the  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  He  died  i\Iay  6, 
1902,   in  Boontown,  N.J. 

Salomon,  Charles  Eberhard,  soldier,  was 
boni  in  Prussia.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in 
the  fifth  regiment  Missouri  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He   died  Jan.  9,   1881. 

Salomon,  Edward,  lawyer,  governor,  was 
born  in  1828,  in  Prussia.  He  became  a 
lawyer;  was  the  sixth  governor  of  Wis- 
consin in  1862-63;  and  then  practiced  law 
in  New  Y'ork  City. 

Salomon,  Edward  S.,  governor.  In  1870- 
72  he  was  territorial  governor  of  Washing- 
ton. 

Salomon,  Edward  Selig,  soldier,  was  born 
ill  Germany.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieuten- 
iiiit  in  the  twenty-fourth  regiment  Illinois 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  colonel 
and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
was   honorably   nuistercd  out   in    1865. 

Salomon,  Frederick,  soldier,  surveyor,  was 
borTi  April  7,  1826,  in  Prussia.  He  served 
through  the  civil  war;  and  received  the 
brevet  of  major-general  in  1865.  He  was 
subsequently  for  several  years  surveyor- 
general  of  Utah  territory. 

Salomon,  Haym,  financier,  was  born  about 
1740.  in  Prussian  Poland.  He  negotiated 
all  the  war  subsidies  obtained  during  that 
struggle  from  France  and  Holland,  which 
he  indorsed  and  sold  in  bills  to  American 
mercliants  at  a  credit  of  two  and  three 
months  on  his  personal  security,  receiving 
for  his  commission  one  quarter  of  one  per 
cent.  He  also  acted  as  paymaster-general 
of  the  French  forces  in  the  United  States; 
and  for  some  time  lent  money  to  the  agt>nts 
or  ministers  of  several  foreign  states  when 
their  own  sources  of  supply  were  cut  olT. 
It  is  asserted  that  over  one  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars  tlius  advanced  has  never  been 
repaid.  To  the  ITnited  States  government 
he  lent  about  six  hundred  thousand  dollars 
ill  specie,  and  at  his  death  four  hundred 
thousand  of  this  amount  had  not  been  re- 
turned.    He  died  in  1785  in  Pliiladeliihia.  Pa. 

Salpointe,  Jean  Baptist,  clergyman,  arcli- 
bishop,  was  born  Feb.  21,  1825,  in  France 
He    was     appointed     vicar-general    of     Ari- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN    BIOGRAPHY. 


95 


\ 


zona    in    1806.     He  was  consecrated   by   the 

title  of  bisliop   in    18(iO.     He   died  July    IG, 

1808,  in  Tucson,  Arizona. 

Salt,    Enoch     John,    uiusician,    composer, 

was   born  April   !).   1837,  in   Covington,   Ky. 

In    1870    lie    was    an    organist    at    the   Cen- 

t  e  n  n  i  a  1  exhibition, 
and  later  of  Colum- 
bus, Oliio.  He  is  the 
composer  of  many 
beautiful  songs, 
church  m  u  s  i  c,  a  n  d 
several  sonatas  for 
the  piano.  He  is  also 
an  expert  advertisi-- 
'^  ■'<|JU^       ^        ment    writer    of    Co- 

■r      M>  ^^^^     lumbus.  Oliio:  and  tlie 

^^^HT^^^^^I  Rough  Places;  Nug- 
^^^^^"•^^^^^*  g("ts;  and  other  books 
on    tlie    art    of   advertising. 

Salter,  Moses  Buckingham,  mercliant, 
citTgyman,  bishop,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1841. 
in  Ciiarleston,  S.C.  He  was  educated  at 
tlie  Wilberforce  university  of  Ohio.  He  is 
by  trade  a  watchmaker  and  gold  refiner; 
and  for  a  luunber  of  years  followed  that 
[.lofession.  He  lias  alwajs  been  identifii'd 
witli  the  churcli  as  a  class  leader,  minister 
and  presiding  elder:  and  is  now  bisliop  of 
the  African  metliodist  episcopal  church  of 
(  harleston.  S.C. 

Salter,  Richard,  clergyman,  philanthro- 
pist, jurist,  author,  was  born  in  1723,  in 
Hoston,  Mass.  In  1754  he  was  associate 
justice  of  tlie  supreme  court  of  New  Jer- 
sey. In  1781  he  gave  to  ^'aie  college  a 
farm  which  was  sold  for  two  thousand  dol- 
lars, for  the  purpose  of  iiromoting  the 
study  of  Hebrew  and  other  oriental  lan- 
guages. He  was  till'  autlior  of  an  Election 
Seiiiion ;  and  began  a  Commentarv  on  the 
\e\v  Testament.  He  died  April  14.  1780, 
in     Mansfield.    Conn. 

Salter,  Sumner,  musician,  composer,  was 
burn  .June  24,  18.")(),  in  Burlington,  Iowa.  He 
is  a  noted  organist  and  director;  president 
of  Xew  ^'oI■k  state  music  teachers'  asso- 
ciation in  1807-08;  and  in  1000  warden  of 
.Vmerican  guild  of  organists.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  number  of  .songs  and  churcli  mu- 
sic. 

Salter,  William,  clergy  man.  author,  was 
born  Nov.  17.  1821.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  Since 
I84(i  he  has  been  pastor  of  the  Congrega- 
tional church  of  Burlington.  Iowa.  In  I8.')0- 
03  he  was  a  trustee  of  Iowa  college.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Life  or  James  W. 
(irimes;  Life  of  Henry  Dodge;  aii<l  Sixty 
'\'eais.    Sciinons    and    Addresses. 

Salter,  William  D.,  naval  ollicer,  was  born 
in  1704  ill  .\r\v  \u\V  City.  Mr  entered  tlx- 
navy  as  midshipman  in  18(»0;  became  lieu- 
tenant in  1814;  and  commodore  on  the  re- 
tired list  ill  I8()2.  \\v  died  .Fan.  3,  1800.  in 
Elizabeth.  N.J. 

Salter,   William   Mackintire,   lecturer,   au- 


thor, was  born  Jan.  30,  1853,  in  Burlington, 
Iowa.  He  was  lecturer  of  the  society  for 
ethical  culture  of  Chicago  in  1883-92  and 
1807-1907.  He  is  the  author  of  On  a  Foun- 
dation for  Religion;  Die  Religion  der  Moral; 
l.thical  Religion;  An  Inquiry  in  Fundamen- 
tal Politics;  Anarchy  or  Government;  First 
Steps  in  Philosophy;  and  other  works. 

Saltonstall,  Dudley,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sept.  8.  1738,  in  New  London,  Conn. 
He  was  a  commodore  in  the  continental 
navy.    He  died  in   1796  in  the  West  Indies. 

Saltonstall,  Gurden,  clergyman,  colonial 
governor,  j)hilanthropist,  was  born  March 
KiGO,    ill   Haverhill,   Mass.    He   was   co- 


27 


lonial  governor  of  Connecticut  in  1708-25. 
He  beciueathed  one  thousand  pounds  to  th(! 
university  of  Haverhill  to  educate  students 
for  the  ministry.  He  died  Oct.  1,  1724,  in 
Connecticut. 

Saltonstall,  Leverett,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  June  13,  1783. 
in  llaverliill.  I\lass.  He  was  a  state  senator 
in  1831;  and  was  mayor  of  Salem  in  1830- 
38.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1837; 
and  frequently  served  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture. In  1837-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  ;Massacliusetts  to  the  twenty-fifth, 
twenty-sixth  and  twcnty-sev.enth  congresses. 
He  died  :May  8,  1845,  in  Salem,  Mass. 

Saltonsftali,  Leverett,  lawyer,  genealogist, 
was  born  March  10,  1825,  in  Salem,  Mass. 
In  1885  he  was  appointed  collector  of  cus- 
toms for  the  port  of  Boston  and  Charles- 
town;'  compiled  a  genealogical  history  of 
his  family.  He  died  April  15,  1895,  in  Bos- 
ton.  Mass. 

Saltonstall,  Richard,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  June  24,  1703,  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 
In  1728  he  was  chosen  to  represent  Haver- 
hill in  the  general  court.  In  1730-50  he  was 
a  judge  of  the  superior  court.  He  was  chair- 
man of  a  commission  that  was  appointed 
in  1737  to  trace  the  boundary  line  between 
Massachusetts  and  New  Hampshire.  Ho 
died  Oct.  20.   1750.  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 

Saltus,  Edgar  Evertson,  author,  was  born 
June  8,  1858.  in  Xew  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  Balzac:  a  Study;  The  Philosoi)hy 
of  Disenchantiiieiit ;  The  Anatomy  of  Nega- 
tion: .Mr.  Ineoul's  Misatlventure;  The  Truth 
About  Tristram  Varick;  Eden;  A  Transac- 
tion in  Hearts;  When  Dreams  Come  True; 
The  Pac..  That  Kills;  .Mary  Magdalen;  Im- 
I'crial  Purple;  and  The  Lords  of  the  (iliost- 
land. 

Snltus,  Franeis  Saltus,  jioet,  was  born  in 
1840.  ill  \,.\v  \.)rk.  lie  was  a  poel.  much  of 
whose  life  was  passed  abroad.  He  was  the 
aiilhor  of  Honey  and  (Jail;  Shadows  and 
Ideals;  'I'he  Witch  of  Hiidor;  Romance  of 
the  Opera:  Kings  of  Song;  The  Bayadere, 
and  Ofher  Somiefs.  He  died  .Iiine  2.").  ISSO. 
Salway,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1093 
I:e  A\as  an  associate  justice  of  the  sii|)remc 
(oiirt    of    i'ennsylvania. 

Salzmann,  Joseph,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident,  was   Ikuii    .\iig.    17.    1810,   in   Austria. 


96 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He  succeeded  Archbishop  Henni  as  presi- 
dent of  the  theological  seminary  of  St. 
Francis.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Seebote,  a  German  periodical  published 
at  Milwaukee.  He  died  Jan.  17,  1874,  in 
Milwaukee,    Wis. 

Samford,  William  James,  soldier,  lawyer 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Sept.  16, 
1844,  in  Greenville,  Ga.  He  was  a  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
Alabama  in  1875;  and  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1876.  In  1879-81  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Alabama  to  the  forty-sixth 
congress  as  a  democrat.  In  1882  he  was  a 
jnember  of  the  lower  branch  of  the  Alabama 
general  assembly;  and  in  1884-87  and  1892- 
95  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate,  being 
president  of  that  body  in  1886-87.  In 
1900-01  he  was  the  twenty-ninth  governor 
of  Alabama.  He  died  June  11,  1901,  in 
Tuscaloosa,  Ala. 

Sammann,  Detlef,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Feb.  28,  1857,  in  Germany.  During  Presi- 
dent Harrison's  administration  he  decor- 
ated several  rooms  in  the  White  house. 
Since  1895  he  has  resided  in  Pasadena, 
Cal.;  and  has  added  to  his  fame  by  his 
tapestry  paintings  on  account  of  their 
close  resemblance  to  the  French  woven  go- 
belins. 

Sammans,  Thomas,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Montgomery  county,  N.Y.  In  1803- 
07  and  1809-13  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  eighth,  ninth,  eleventh  and  twelfth 
congresses.     He   died   in   Johnstown,  N.Y. 

Sampey,  John  Richard,  educator,  theo- 
logian, author,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1863, 
in  Fort  Deposit,  Ala.  Since  1892  he  has 
been  professor  of  old  testament  interpre- 
tation in  the  Southern  baptist  theological 
seminary  of  Louisville,  Ky.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Syllabus  for  Old  Testament  Study 
and  Literature,  History  of  the  Southern 
Baptist  Theological  Seminary;  and  Lecture 
Notes  on  Old  Testament. 

Sample,  Robert  Flemang,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Oct.  19,  1829,  in  Corning, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  various  church 
boards;  and  a  director  of  the  McCormick 
theological  seminary  of  Chicago,  111.  In 
1899  he  was  moderator  presbyterian  gen- 
eral assembly;  and  filled  pastorates  in 
New  York  City.  He  was  the  author  of 
Memoir  of  Kev.  John  C.  Thom;  and  Beacon 
Lights  of  Reformations.  He  died  in  1905. 
in  New  York  City. 

Sample,  Samuel  C,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Maryland.  In  1843-45  he  was  a 
representative  from  Indiana  to  the  tweftty- 
eighth  congress.  He  died  in  South  Bend, 
Ind. 

Sampson,  Clark  Hamilton,  merchant,  man- 
ufacturer, was  born  Sept.  17,  1850,  in  Hat- 
field, Mass.  He  entered  the  employ  of 
the  Corticello  silk  mills;  and  for  some  time 
represented  them  in  New  York  City.  In 
1879  he  opened  a  wholesale  establishment 
for    the   company.     He   also   organized   the 


Colonial  trust  company  of  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
and    is    its    president. 

Sampson,  Archibald  J.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
lecturer,  diplomat,  was  born  June  21,  1839, 
near    Cadiz,    Ohio.      He    was    educated    at 

Mount  Union  college 
Cleveland  law  school. 
He  became  city,  coun- 
ty and  district  at- 
torney. In  1873  he 
moved  to  Colorado ; 
and  in  1876  was  elect- 
ed attorney-general  of 
that  state.  He  sub- 
^'"x  .'^WB     sequently    settled    in 

^^B  V  A^jI  Phoenix,  Ariz.;  in 
I^^^K  fl^M     1889     was     appointed 

^^^*  ^^^H     Norte,      Mexico;       in 

1896  was  elected  department  commander 
of  the  grand  army  of  the  republic  of  Ari- 
zona; and  in  1897-1907  was  envoy  and  min- 
ister to  Ecuador,  South  America.  He  has 
delivered  lectures  upon  Mexico;  Music  of 
the  War;  Music  and  Musicians;  Lincoln; 
and  other  subjects. 

Sampson,  Ezekiel  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
Dec.  6,  1831,  in  Huron  county,  Ohio.  In 
1856-58  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Sigourney,  Iowa.  He  was  captain  in  the 
fifth  Iowa  infantry  in  1861-62;  and  lieu- 
tenant-colonel in  1863-64.  He  was  a  state 
senator  in  1866:  and  was  judge  of  the  sixth 
judicial  district  of  Iowa  in  1867-75.  In 
1S75-79  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa 
to  tlie  forty-fourth  and  forty-fifth  con- 
gresses as   a   republican. 

Sampson,  Ezra,  clergyman,  journalist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1749,  in  Middlebor- 
ough,  Mass.  In  1775-95  he  was  a  congre- 
gational clergyman  at  Plympton,  Mass.; 
and  subsequently  a  journalist  in  Hartford. 
He  was  the  author  of  Beauties  of  the  Bible; 
TIm'  Historical  Dictionary;  The  Sham  Pa- 
triot LTnmasked;  and  The  Brief  Remarker 
on  the  Ways  of  Men.  He  died  Dec.  12, 
1823.   in  New  York  City. 

Sampson,  Francis  Asijury,  lawyer,  scien- 
tist, author,  was  born  Feb.  6,  1842,  in  Har- 
rison county,  Ohio.  He  is  a  noted  lawyer 
of  Sedalia,  Mo.;  and  vice-president  of  the 
Missouri  trust  company.  He  has  been 
active  in  natural  science  matters;  and  six- 
teen species  of  fossils  and  shells  have  been 
named  for  him.  He  is  the  author  of 
Bibliography  of  the  Geology  of  Missouri; 
Bibliograpliy  of  Missouri  Authors;  History 
and  Bibliography  of  the  Missouri  Horti- 
cultural Society;  and  other  works. 

Sampson,  John  Patterson,  lawyer,  clergy- 
inan,  author,  was  born  Aug.  13,  1837,  in 
\\'ilmington,  N.C.  He  is  a  clergyman  of 
the  African  raethodist  church ;  and  prior 
to  1882  a  lawyer  in  Washington.  He  is 
the  author  of  Common  Sense  Pliysiology; 
Tlie  Disappointed  Bride;  Temjierament  and 
Plirenology  of  Mixed  Races;  Jolly  People; 
and  Illustrations   in  Theology. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


97 


Sampson,  Thornton  Rogers,  missionary, 
college  president,  was  boni  Oet.  !),  18r)2,  in 
Prince  J:<l\vard,  Va.  In  1878-92  he  was 
engaged  in  mission  work  among  the  Greeks 
in  Athens  and  Thessaloniu.  In  18!)7-19()0 
he  was  presidt'nt  of  Austin  college  of  Sher- 
man, Texas;  in  liXtO-O.")  was  j)resi(lent  of  the 
Austin  presbyterian  tiieological  seminary; 
and  is  now  Luther  professor  of  church 
history  and  polity  and  chairman  of  the  fac- 
ulty of  the  latter  instiution. 

Sampson,  William,  lawyer,  autlior,  was 
born  Jan.  17,  17U4,  in  Ireland.  He  was  a 
noted  lawyer  of  New  York  City.  He  was 
the  autiior  of  Sampson  Against  the  Philis- 
tines, or  the  Reform  of  Lawsuits:  and 
]Memoir  of  William  Sampson.  Ho  died  Dec. 
27.    is:5(i.   in   Xew   York   City. 

Sampson,  William  Thomas,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Feb.  !),  184U.  in  Palmyra,  N.Y.  He 
came  out  of  the  naval  academy  in  1800  and 

went  into  service  on 
the  frigate  Potomac. 
He  was  made  master 
in  1801,  lieutenant  in 
1802.  and  served  on 
the  practice  ship 
John  Adams  for  one 
year.  After  that  ho 
was  a  lieutenant  on 
the  ironclad  Patapsco 
with  the  South  At- 
lantic blockading 
squadron.  He  es- 
caped luckily  from 
that  ship  when  she  was  destroyed  in  Charles- 
ton harbor  on  Jan.  1."),  180;).  After  the  war 
Captain  Sampson  served  on  the  (lagship 
Colorado  and  became  lieutenant-commander 
in  18((0.  He  got  his  commission  as  com- 
numder  in  1874.  In  1808  he  was  made  roar- 
adniiral  for  his  services  during  the  Span- 
ish-American war.  Ho  is  commandant  of 
navy  yard  at  Boston,  Mass.  Ho  died  ^May 
(i,    l!t02,  in   Washington,  D.C. 

Sampson,  Zabdiel,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  about  17.s:},  in  Plympton,  Mass. 
In  18)7-21)  he  was  a  representative  from 
.Massachusetts  to  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
congresses;  and  in  1820  was  apj)ointed 
colleetor  of  customs  at  Plvinonth.  He 
died  July  10.  1828,  in  Plymouth.  .Mass. 

Samson,  Deborah,  patriot,  was  born  Dec. 
17,  17t)0,  in  Plyni|>ton,  Mass.  At  the  out- 
break of  tin-  revolution  she  assumed  male 
attire  and  enlisted  in  the  army  under  the 
name  of  Robert  Shirtlelf.  Accustomed  to 
out-door  labor,  she  was  able  to  fulfill  the 
duties  of  M  soldier.  She  was  twice  wound- 
eel.  Wasliingfon,  on  being  apjirised  of  her 
sex,  called  her  to  him.  and  without  speak- 
ing to  her,  handed  her  a  discharge.  She 
afterward  marriiMJ  Heiijamin  (iannetf.  She 
died  .\pril  20.  1827,  in  Sharon.  Mass. 

Samson,  George  Whitefield,  •lergvman. 
author,  w.i.'.  born  Sept.  2!».  1810,  in  Har- 
vard. .Mass.  He  was  a  baptist  clergyman 
and  educator  of  Xew  York  City;  and  itresi- 


dent  of  Rutgers  female  college  from  1871. 
He  was  tlie  autlior  of  Elements  of  Art 
Criticism;  Physical  Media  in  Spiritual 
Manifestations;  The  Atonement;  The  Di- 
vine Law  as  to  Wines;  Idols  of  Fashion 
and  Culture;  Tested  Truths  as  to  Rela- 
tions of  Capital  and  Labor;  Outlines  of  the 
History  of  Ethics;  Spiritualism  Tested; 
(Juide  to  Self-Education;  The  Bible  Re- 
visors'  Greek  Text;  and  Guide  to  Bible 
Interpretation.  He  died  in  1800,  in  Now 
York   City. 

Samson,  Harry  G.,  business  man,  director, 
v.as  born  July  11,  1870,  ill  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
his  native  city;  and  at  the  university  of 
^^'estern  Pennsylvania.  He  began  his  busi- 
ness career  in  1888;  and  is  now  funeral  di- 
rector and  owner  and  ojjorator  of  a  crema- 
tory. Ho  is  a  trustee  of  Alleghany  college; 
a  trustee  of  Oakland  methodist  episcopal 
church;  a  director  of  the  Pittsburgh  free 
dispensary;  and  treasurer  of  the  Motliodi.st 
episcopal  ciiurch  union  of  Pittslmrgh.  Ho  is 
prominently  identified  with  the  business 
and  public  ail'airs  of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  is  a 
well  known  member  of  the  republican 
party:  and  a  member  of  Sons  of  the  Amer- 
ican   revolution. 

Samson,  Simeon,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Aug.  24.  17."5(>.  in  Kingston,  Mass.  In  1870 
he  Avas  promoted  to  the  ship  Mars,  a  largo 
vessel  in  which  he  fought  several  battles; 
and  captured  the  British  fiagship  Trial.  He 
died  June  22,   1789,  in  Plympton,  Mass.  _ 

Samuel,  Bunforfl,  librarian,  bibliographer, 
was  born  Sept.  10,  1837,  in  Philadolphia, 
Pa.  Since  1878  ho  has  been  assistant  li- 
brarian of  the  Library  company  of  Phila- 
lielphia,  Pa.,  and  in  ciiargo  of  its  Ridgoway 
branch.  In  1880  be  ])rojectod  a  general  in- 
dex of  printed  portraits;  and  compiled  an 
index   of  about  seventy   thousand   subjects. 

•Samuel,  Eamund  William,  pliysician. 
business  president,  congressman,  was  born 
Nov.  27,  1837,  in  Wales.  He  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools  of  Ashland,  Pa.;  and 
in  1880  received  the  degree  of  M.D.  from 
the  Joirerson  medical  college.  Since  1880 
ho  has  practiced  medicine  at  Mount  Car- 
mel,  Pa.;  and  since  1880  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  the  diiig  business.  ]]i'  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Ricli  Hill  coal  company;  presi- 
dent of  the  Real  estate  exchange;  and  pres- 
ident of  the  Brush  valley  lumber  and  tim- 
ber company.  In  10O.")-O7  ho  was  a  ropro- 
>eiifafive  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty- 
ninth   congress  as   a   rei)ublican. 

Samuel,  (jreen  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gii'ssman.  was  born  in  1704  in  Virginia.  In 
18;{0-41  he  was  a  representative  from  Yir- 
ginia  to  ilie  twenty-sixth  congress;  and 
was  for  (dovon  years  judge  of  tlio  supreme 
court  of  appeals.  He  died  Jan.  5,  1859,  in 
Hichniond.    \'a. 

Samuels,  Adelaide  Florence,  was  born 
So|)t.  24.  184.').  in  Boston.  Alass.  She  is 
Hie  auHior  of   Dick  and   Daisy  Series;    Dick 


98 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Travers  Abroad  Series;   and  Daisy  Travers. 

Samuels,  Edward  Augustus,  naturalist, 
author,  was  born  July  4,  1830,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  assistant  secretary  of  the 
Massachusetts  state  board  of  agriculture 
in  1860-80;  and  for  seven  years  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Massachusetts  fish  and  game 
protective  association.  He  is  the  author  of 
Ornithology  and  Oology  of  New  England; 
Among  tlie  Birds;  Mammalogy  of  New 
England;   and  The  Living  World. 

Samuels,  Samuel,  inventor,  author,  was 
born  March  14,  1823,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  organized  the  Steam  Heating  company 
of  New  York  City  in  1881.  He  is  the  au- 
thor  of   From   Forecastle   to   Cabin. 

Samuels,  Mrs.  Susan  Blagge,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  21,  1848,  in  Dedham,  Mass.  She 
is  the  author  of  The  Golden  Rule  Series. 

Sanborn,  Alvan  Francis,  journalist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  July  8,  1866,  in  Marlboro, 
Mass.  He  has  been  associate  editor  with 
D.  Lathrop  company,  publishers  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.;  and  in  1901  was  an  associate 
editor  of  the  National  Cyclopedia.  In  1891- 
02  he  edited  the  Cottage  Heartli.  In  1899- 
1902  he  was  a  regular  Paris  correspondent 
to  the  Boston  Transcript;  was  on  the  staff 
of  the  Atlantic  Monthly  and  Boston  Trav- 
eler; and  since  1906  has  been  special  cor- 
lespondent  of  tlie  Boston  Transcript.  In 
1892-96  he  was  a  resident  worker  for 
South  end  nouse  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  is 
the  author  of  Moody's  Lodging  House,  and 
Other  Tenement  Sketches;  Meg  Mclntyre's 
Raffle,  and  Other  Stories;  and  Paris  and 
the   Social   Revolution. 

Sanborn,  Arthur  Loomis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  borii  Nov.  17,  1850,  in  Braslier  Falls, 
N.Y.  In  1880-1905  he  was  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law ;  and  since  1905  has  been 
United  States  district  judge  for  the  west- 
ern district  of  Wisconsin. 

Sanborn,  Charles  Henry,  physician,  state 
legislator,  author,  was  born  Oct.  9,  1821, 
in  Hampton  Falls,  N.H.  He  was  active  in 
tlie  political  revolt  of  the  independent 
dcnocrats  of  New  Hampshire  in  1845, 
which  ended  in  detaching  the  state  from 
its  pro-slavery  position.  In  1854-55  he  was 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  North  and  the  South. 
He  died  May   17,   1899. 

Sanborn,  Edwin  David,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  14,  1808,  in  Gilmanton,  N.H. 
He  was  professor  of  literature  at  Dart- 
nioutli  college  in  1863-85.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  a  History  of  New  Hampshire.  He 
died   Doe.  29,   1885,   in  Hanover,  N.H. 

Sanborn,  Frank  Berry,  educator,  civil  en- 
gineer, author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1865,  in 
Hampton  Falls,  N.H.  Since  1901  he  has 
been  ])rofessor  of  civil  engineering  at  Tufts 
college;  and  has  lectured  at  Dartmouth 
college  and  at  the  university  of  Illinois. 
He  is  the  inventor  of  hydraiilic  devices.  He 
is  the  author  of  Meclianics'  Problems  for 
Engineering   Students. 


.,^P 


Sanborn,  Franklin  Benjamin,  journalist, 
autlior,  was  born  Dec.  15,  1831,  in  Hamp- 
ton   Falls,    N-H.       In     1855    he    graduated 

from  Harvard  univer- 
-^  sity.  He  has  been  a 
lecturer  at  Cornell, 
Smith  and  Wellesley 
universities;  and 

taught  school  of  phil- 
osophy at  Concord, 
Mass.  In  1876-97  he 
was  editor  of  the 
Boston  Common- 
wealth ;  the  Spring- 
field Republican;  and 
the  Journal  of  Social 
Science;  and  has  also 
edited  twenty  state  reports  on  charities 
and  labor.  In  1880-81  he  was  president  of 
the  National  conference  of  charities;  and 
in  1805-97  was  chairman  of  the  American 
social  science  association;  and  in  1879-89 
he  'was  Massachusetts  inspector  of  chari- 
ties. He  is  the  author  of  biographies  of 
Emerson,  Thoreau,  Alcott,  John  Brown; 
and  Dr.  Earle;  Personality  of  Thoreau; 
Personality  of  Emerson;  and  History  of 
New  Hniiipshire. 

Sanborn,  Helen  Josephine,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  6,  1857,  in  Greene, 
Maine.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Winter  in 
Central    America,   a   volume   of   travels. 

Sanborn,  Henry  F.,  farmer,  educator, 
state  senator,  was  born  Feb.  26,  1819,  in 
Epsom,  N.H.  For  many  years  he  taught 
school ;  was  selectman  of  his  native  town 
for  many  j^ears ;  an  administrator  of  sev- 
eral estates;  and  the  guardian  of  many 
children.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New 
Hampshire  state  legislature  in  1855;  and  for 
two  terms  was  a  state  senator  in  1866  and 
1867.  In  1882  he  moved  to  Princeton,  Mass., 
where  he  was  su|ierinten(lent  of  schools.  He 
died  March  26,  1898,  in  Princeton,  Mass.  His 
son,  Walter  H.  Sanborn,  is  now  United 
States  circuit  judge  at  St.  Paul,  Minn.; 
and  another  son,  Edward  P.  Sanborn,  is 
an  attorney  of  that  city. 

Sanborn,  Herbert  Charles,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  18,  1873,  in  Winches- 
ter, Mass.  In  1902-06  he  was  head  master 
of  German  at  Bancroft  school  of  Worces- 
ter, Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Eckstein; 
Wildenbruch;  Newson  Sudermann ;  and 
Schiller. 

Sanborn,  John  Benjamin,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  was  born  Dec.  5,  1826,  in 
Epsom,  N.H.  As  adjutant-general  and 
quartermaster-general  he  organized  and 
sent  the  Minnesota  troops  to  the  civil  war 
in  1861;  was  colonel  of  the  fourth  Min- 
nesota in  1802.  He  served  to  the  close  of 
the  civil  war.  becoming  brigadier-general 
and  brevet  maj(n--general.  He  was  mem- 
ber of  the  Minnesota  state  legislature;  and 
a  member  of  the  state  senate.  He  died  in 
1!)04  in  St.  Paul,  TSlinn. 
Sanborn,  Katherine  Abbott,  educator,  au- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


D9 


thor,  poet,  was  born  July  11,  1839,  in  Han- 
over, X.Il.  She  was  |)n)fessor  of  Englisli 
literature  at  Smith  college  prior  to  188G. 
tShe  is  the  author  of  Home  Pictures  of 
Engl'sh  Poets;  Vanity  and  Insanity  of 
Genius;  Adopting  an  Abandoned  Farm; 
Abandoning  an  Adopted  Farm;  A  Truth- 
ful Woman  in  Southern  California;  My 
Literary  Zoo;  The  Wit  of  Women;  Favor- 
ite Lectures;  Round  Table  Series  of  Lit- 
erary Lessons;  and  Purple  and  Gold,  and 
(irandiiiotlicr's   (lardcn. 

Sanborn,  Mrs.  Mary  Farley,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  May  8,  1853,  in  Man- 
chester, N.H.  She  is  the  wife  of  Fred  C. 
Sanborn  oi"  Boston,  Mass.  She  has  done 
book  reviewing  and  studied  vocal  music 
for  the  concert  stage.  She  is  the  author 
of  Sweet  and  Twenty;  It  Came  to  Pass; 
Paula  Fcrris's  Revelation  of  Herself;  and 
Lynette   and   tlu^    Congressman. 

Sanborn,  Nathan,  physician,  genealogist, 
was  born  Marcli  7,  1791.  lie  had  a  wide 
practice  in  New  Hampshire.  He  was  much 
interested  in  genealogical  research;  and 
has  been  styled  the  father  of  the  Sanborn 
Genealogv.  He  died  Dec.  15,  1858,  in  Hon- 
nikcr.   n!h. 

Sanborn,  V.  C,  genealogist.  He  is  the 
author  of   the   Sanborn  Genealogj*. 

Sanborn,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Maim-,  in  lS)i2  he  was  major  in  the  twen- 
ty-second regiment  Michigan  infantry;  and 
in  ISlio  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  .June  26,  1876. 
Sanborn,  Walter  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
184.').  in  Ep.soni,  N.H. 
in  the  district  schools 
and  academies;  and 
ill  1807  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege. In  18.59  he  be- 
gan teaching  school ; 
and  in  1867-70  was 
principal  of  the  high 
school  at  Milford,  N. 
H.  In  1871  he  was 
admitted  to  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  and  since 
that  time  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in 
St.  Paul,  Minn.  In 
1878-80  and  1885-92  he  was  a  member  of 
the  city  council  of  St.  Paul;  in  1885-92  he 
was  treasurer  of  the  state  bar  association; 
an>l  in  1890-91  was  president  of  the  St.  Paul 
bar  association;  and  president  of  the  Un- 
ion league.  In  1892  he  was  commissioned 
I'nitcd  Slatvs  circuit  judge  and  ex-oflicio 
judge  of  the  L'nited  States  circuit  court  of 
appeal  of  the  eighth  circuit;  and  in  1903 
became  senior  and  presiding  circuit  judge. 
Sandelands,  James,  merchant,  jurist,  was 
born  in  163(i.  He  was  captain  of  a  com- 
pany of  militia,  and  practiced  as  attorney 
in  lipland  court.  In  1681  he  was  appoint- 
ed a  justice  of  that  court  and  a  member 
of  the   first   provincial    council.      In    lCiSH-9() 


was 
He 


born    Oct.    19. 
was    educated 


he  represented  Chester  county  in  the  gen- 
eral asseinblv  of  Pennsvlvania.  He  died 
April    ]■>.    1()!)2.   in  Chester,   Pa. 

Sandels,  M.  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
an  associate  ju^5tice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Arkansas  in   1889-1890. 

Sandeman,  Robert,  founder  of  a  sect, 
author,  was  born  in  1718  in  Scotland.  He 
was  the  founder  of  the  Sanderaanian  sect. 
He  came  to  America  in  1704  and  gathered 
a  church  at  Danbury,  Conn.  He  was  the 
author  of  Letters  on  Tlieron  and  Aspasio; 
and  Thoughts  on  Christianity.  He  died 
April  2,   1771,  in  Danbury,  Conn. 

Sander,  Enno,  soldier,  educator,  pharma- 
cist, founder,  was  born  Feb.  27,  1822,  in 
Germany.  He  served  in  the  civil  war  as 
major  and  brigade  quartermaster.  In  1871- 
74  he  was  professor  of  materia  medica  and 
botany  in  the  St.  Louis  college  of  phar- 
macy; in  1902  was  elected  professor  emeri- 
tus. For  thirty  years  he  conducted  an 
analj'tical  laboratory  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He 
erected  a  mineral  water  factory  of  his  own 
design;  and  he  is  president  and  treasurer. 
He  has  patented  a  veterinary  medicine 
chest;  a  chemical  tire  extinguisher;  and  an 
ierated    water    still. 

Sanders,  Addison  Hiatt,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  In  1S62  he  was  li,eutenant-colonel 
in  the  sixteenth  regiment  Ohio  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
eral  of  voliuiteers.  He 
1865. 

Sanders,  Billington,  McCarter,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  Dec.  2,  1789, 
in  Columbia  county,  Ga.  In  1833-39  he 
was  the  first  president  of  Mercer  univer- 
sity. He  died  May  12,  1852,  in  Penfield, 
Ga. 

Sanders,  Blueford  B.,  soldier,  merchant, 
(■(lutator,  clergyman,  was  born  Sept.  19, 
1840,  near  Canollton,  Ala.  Jn  1861  he  en- 
listed as  a  confed- 
erate soldier ;  and 
served  four  years.  He 
taught  school  for 
eight  years;  and  then 
entered  mercantile 

business  until  1886, 
when  he  became  a 
minister  of  the  gos- 
pel. He  is  now  pas- 
tor of  the  First 
christian  church  of 
Austin,  Texas,  which 
has  one  of  the  larg- 
of  that  church  in  the 
For  eight  years  he  was  an  evan- 
and  served  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Texas  state  missionary  board  of  the 
ehri-.tian    church. 

Sanders,  Dallas,  lawver,  ])ublic  ofTicial, 
was  born  .Ian.  13.  184*8,  in  Philadelphia, 
I'a.      l'"or   three  years   he   was  a   student   at 


brigadier-gen- 
was    resigned    in 


est 

slate. 

gelist 


congregations 


the  university  of  western  Pennsvlvania; 
studied  law  with  .Judge  George  M.' Dallas; 
and  in    18(i9   was  admitted   (o  (he  bar.    For 


100 


iii:kki xcsi lAW  s  i.ipkakv  ok  ami:kii'.\n 


hiCKArii  Y 


scvi'iiil  yours  lie  was  t-ilitor  nf  tlir  l.('j;al 
liitolliuvm-t-r  of  riiiliulolpliiii,  I'a.  In  1S7S 
SI  hi'  was  assistant  distrii't  alloriicy  U>r 
I'liila-lolpliia  count  v.  Pa.:  in  ISS-J-SI  was 
a  nii'mlu'i  ol  ihc  cumnion  cnuiu'ils  nl'  I'liila- 
(l(>ll>liia.  I'a.,  and  ihaiinian  of  tlu'  survoy 
foniiuitli'c.  lie  lias  lu'cii  a  ih-lcpiti'  to 
many  iliMUiu'iatio  oity  ami  stale  I'onxcn- 
tions;  in  ISSO  was  a  i\alional  di'lcyalc ; 
ami  in  K'^S7  was  stato  i.'liainnan.  In  IS'.t:! 
lie  was  apptiintod,  luiU'tically  for  life,  aa 
a  nicnduM'  of  ilio  lioar»l  of  city  trusts,  whioh 
lias  cliaruc  of  all  licipu'sls  ami  rliariti<'s  of 
tlu>  I'ity  of  I'liiladidpliia,  especially  (iirard 
oolleL;e  ami    the   Wills  eye   hospital. 

Sanders,  Daniel  Clarke,  elergynmn.  edu- 
ealor.  a\ithor.  was  born  May  .'5.  ITllS.  in 
Stnrlnidge,  Mass.  lie  was  president  of  the 
university  of  N'ermont  in  lSOO-14;  and  suit- 
si'iiiienlly  pasliu'  at  Medlield.  Mass.  lie 
was  the  author  of  A  llist(n-y  of  (he  Indian 
Wars  with  the  First  S.'ttleis  of  the  Inited 
State>,  whieh  he  puhlished  in  IS1-.  He 
ditvl   Oet.    IS,    IS.")!!,    in    Medtield.    Mass. 

Sanders,  Daniel  Jackson,  eduealor,  col- 
lege president,  was  iioi  n  I'eli.  !.">.  ISIT.  near 
W  innshoro,  S.C\  In  1S7S>  he  heeanie  editor 
atid  proprietiM-  oi  the  .\frieoAineriean 
rresbyterian.  In  IS'.)  I  lie  was  elected 
pri'sideul  111  i'.i.ldle  \niiversi(y.  Charlotti'. 
N!r.     lie  die. I   111    I'.to:    in   rhaflotte.  N.C. 

Sanders,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Elkins,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  horn  in  17t>-  in  Salen\, 
Mas*.  S'le  was  the  author  of  (.Conversa- 
tions. Trincipally  on  tlu-  Aborigines  of 
North  Anicriea:  Virsl  Settlers  of  New  Eng- 
land: and  Reviews.  She  died  Aug.  10. 
1S.">|.    Ill    Salem.    Mass. 

Sanders,  l*'rederic  William,  educator,  au- 
ihor.  was  born  Ian.  17.  IStit.  in  West- 
N.\.  He  has  received  the 
dcixrees  of  A.M..  A.M. 
aiul  I'h.n.  In  ISSS- 
IM  he  piaciici'd  law 
ill  Tennessee;  and  in 
lSi>2-!);{  was  minister 
of  the  unit  a  r  i  a  u 
ehureh     of     Asheville, 


Chester    count  v. 


X.r.  In  lSi»;5-i».>  he 
was  assistant  editor 
of  Inity.  In  1S9!>- 
l!i01  he  was  jiresi- 
d.nt  of  the  New  Mex- 
ico college  of  agri- 
cultural and  iiuH'han- 
ioal  arts;  and  since  IDOo  has  been  princi- 
pal of  the  high  schoid  of  Lincoln.  Neb.  He 
is  the  author  i>f  I'he  Standard  of  Living  in 
Relation  to  l\eonon)ie  Theory;  and  Land 
Nationalization. 

Sanders,  Frank  Knight,  edvu'ator.  arelue- 
oUigi^i.  aiillior.  was  boiii  .lune  A.  1S(U.  in 
Ceylmi.  In  n*01-(l.")  lu'  was  professor  of 
biblical  history  and  arelneology  and  de;in 
in  the  divinity  school  of  Yale  university: 
and  is  now  st>cretary  of  the  congregational 
Sunday  sclioid  and  puldishing  society.  He 
is  the  autlior  of    The   Messages  of  the  Later 


riophels;  Historical  Series  f,n-  Mible  Stu- 
dents, ill  ten  \tdiimes;  'Lhe  Messages  of  the 
l>ible.  in  (wcl\c  \(dunu>s;  The  Teacher's 
Life    ol    Christ;    and     The    Mes.sages    of    the 

Sages. 

Sanders,  Henry  Martin,  clergyman,  au- 
llio'.  was  born  Nov.  20.  IS  ID.  in  New  V(u-k 
'iiy.  He  is  a  ba]>tist  clergyman  of  New 
Niuk  v'iiy.  IL-  is  the  autluu-  of  People's 
Piiiise    I'.ook;    and    Hiblc    Readings. 

Sanders,  Horace  T.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  \ink.  In  ISti'i  he  was  colonel  in  the 
ninetiHUtli  regiment  Wisconsin  infantry: 
.ind  in  lSti."»  was  brevet  ted  brigadier-general 
of    \.dunteers.      lie    died    t>cL    7.    ISti;"). 

Sanders,  Jared  Young,  state  legislator, 
governor,  was  born  .Ian.  "JO.  ISO!),  in  St. 
Mary's  Parish.  La.  lu  ISO'i  1004  he  was 
a  meud)er  of  the  Louisiana  state  hou.se  of 
ifpre.seutativ(<s;  and  in  1000-04  was  speak- 
er of  that  body.  In  1004-OS  he  was  lieu- 
tenant-governor; and  in  lOOS  became  gov- 
ernor of  the  state  oi  Louisiana  for  the 
term  emling   in    lOl'i. 

Sanders,  John,  livil  engin<>er.  author,  was 
born  in  ISIO  in  Lexington.  Ky.  He  was 
employi'd  in  the  improvements  on  Dida- 
ware  bay  and  river,  and  in  constructing 
Fort  Delaware.  Ih<  was  (he  aiithor  of  Me- 
moirs on  the  Resources  of  the  Valley  of 
the  Ohio.  W,'  died  ,iulv  i20.  1S.")S.  in  Vort 
Delaware.    Del. 

Sanders,  John  Chapin,  educator,  i>hysi- 
cian,  college  president,  was  born  July  '1. 
lSi2.").  ill  Peru.  Ohio.  In  1S.">7  he  began  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  I'levidand,  Ohio; 
and  f(n-  nearly  half  ;i  century  was  jiromi- 
nent  with  the  )U'ofessioiial  ami  social  life 
of  that  city.  In  IStlO-tiS  lu-  was  pii-sidcnt 
of  the  I  lom<iH>)iatliie  lios|)ital  college  of 
Cleveland.  Ohio;  and  in  1000  was  made 
professor   enu'ritus  of    that    institution. 

Sanders,  Joseph  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  .\ug  'Ji!.  ISliti.  in  Wythe  cminty.  \'a. 
In  lSOti-1004  he  was  a  circuit  jmlge;  and 
since  100.")  has  been  judge  id'  (he  supreme 
eour(  of  appeals  of  We^l  \  irginia  for  a 
term   of   tw  el-  e   years. 

Sanders,  Thomas  Jefferson,  educafor.  col- 
leg<'  ]iresiden(.  audi- r.  was  born  Jan.  IS, 
1S.").">.  near  P.urbank.  Ohio.  In  ISOl-lOOl 
h<>  was  president  oi  Otterbein  university  of 
W  esterx  ille.  Ohio;  and  is  still  professor  of 
philosoi)liy  in  that  institution.  He  is  the 
author  of  Philosophy  of  the  Christian  Re- 
ligion: rransceiidentalism :  TIk*  I'lieon- 
scions   ill    l']ducation;    and  other  works. 

Sanders,  Wilbur  Fisk,  soldier,  lawyer, 
Cniti'il  Slater  senator,  was  born  May  2, 
IS.'it.  in  Leon.  N.\  .  He  was  the  republiean 
I'an  lidate  for  delegate  to  congress  in  lS(i4. 
lSti7.  ISSO  and  ISSti;  was  delegate  to  the 
it-i  ubiican  natiimal  conventions  of  18d8, 
1S7-.  1S70  and  1SS4;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  legislative  assembly  of  Montana  in 
1S7-J-S0.  In  ISSO-O:?  lie  was  Initeil  States 
senator.  He  died  .lulv  7.  100.").  in  Helena, 
Mont. 


JJKiUtlNGSHAW.S   I.IHUAKy   OF  AMKlilCAN   lilOGUAPJiY. 


101 


Sanders,  William  Price,  noldier,  wtiH  born 
A1114.  liJ,  1H:;;>,  in  J><xin;4ton,  Ky.  H<;  (;n- 
ga{^i-(l  in  th<!  huttlcH  of  Vorktown,  Williams- 
huif^,  .Mcclianjcss  ill<!  and  Hanover  ('ourt- 
IJonHf  during  the  Virginia  p<'iii(if,uiiir  cam- 
paign; and  became  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers in  \W>:i.  He  died  Nov.  18,  1803, 
in    Knoxville,  'I'enn. 

Sanderson,  Austin  A.,  lawyer,  jurint,  was 
Itorn  .m.\  4,  JiilH,  in  New  York  City.  In 
18!i]-i)7  he  was  judge  of  the  HUperior  court 
of  San  KranciKco.  H«!  is  one  of  the  ablest 
of  San    Francinco's  many    judgcH. 

Sanderson,  Ezra  Dwight,  educator,  en- 
tfjiiiologist,  aullior.  In  l'J<i:^-04  lie  was  pro- 
fchHor  of  entomology  at  the  Texas  agrioul- 
(ural  and  ineciianical  college;  in  11)04-07 
lias  been  profehsor  of  zoology  at  the  New 
Hampshif-.*  coll  -ge;  and  since  1!)07  has  been 
a  director  of  the  New  Hampshire  agricul- 
tural experimental  station.  He  is  state  en- 
toi!!oIogist  of  Texas.  He  is  the  author  of 
Insect--    Injurious   to    Staple   Crops. 

Sanderson,  John,  educator,  author,  was 
horn  i/i  I7H:{  in  (  arlisle.  I'a.  He  was  an 
eduiator  of  l'liiladel|)liia ;  and  classical 
professor  in  the  high  school  in  18;if>-44.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  American  in  Paris; 
The  American  in  l^iigland ;  and  the  first 
two  volumes  of  tin-  I'.iography  of  the  Sign- 
ers of  the  Declaration  of  liide|)endence.  He 
died  April  5,   1844.   in   Philadrdphia,  Pa. 

Sanderson,  John  Philip,  soldier,  author, 
wa»  hnivii  l-'i-h.  i;i.  I. Sis.  ill  Lebanon  county, 
i'a.  In  1801  he  became  chief  clerk  of  the 
I'nited  States  war  department;  ^nd  in 
1804  l^ecame  provost  marshal-general  of 
ihe  department  of  the  Missouri.  He  was 
the  author  of  \'i(!ws  and  Opinions  of  Amer- 
ican Statesmen  on  Foreign  Immigration; 
and  ]{<'j)ublican  Landmarks.  He  died  Oct. 
14.    1804.   in    St.    Louis,    Mo. 

Sanderson,  Joseph,  ch-rgyman,  author, 
was  horn  .May  .i'-i.  ]H-2.'.i,  in  Ireland.  He 
lias  filb'd  pastorates  in  Klioile  Island,  Con- 
ni'.'licut  and  New  York.  Since  189.7  he  has 
hcfii  lecretary  for  the  chinch  exleiiHion 
committee  of  the  New  York  presbytery. 
He  is  the  author  of  .lesus  on  the  Holy 
.Mount;  Manual  for  Funerals;  New  York 
City  as  a  Mitssion  Field:  and  Man's  Seal 
to  Ood's    W'ortl. 

Sanderson,  Lillian,  musician,  composer, 
V. as  born  Oct.  ]'.',.  1807,  in  .Milwaukee,  Wis. 
Ill  I8!»0  she  made  her  debut  as  concert- 
s  iig  r  at  I'eiliii.  Cermanv;  and  sine*-  then 
has  made  hucceshfiil  tours  of  the  rhii-f  cities 
of  Europe.  She  is  the  wife-  nf  llerr  Pium- 
iind.  aixi    lives  in   I'erlin. 

Sanderson,  Robert  Louis,  educator,  au- 
!hnr.  was  born  .July  12,  IH.')|.  in  I-" ranee. 
In  |88.'>-!(.")  lie  was  jirofessor  of  French  at 
Harvard  univt-rsity;  and  since  18!(!)  has 
1»(  <'ii  jirofessfir  of  French  at  \'ale  univer- 
sity. He  is  the  aiitlior  of  Through  France 
and   the    French    Syntax. 

Sanderson,  Sibyl  miisirian.  c(>in|)f>ser, Vas 
born   in    ISO'.l,   in  Sairameiito,  Cal.      In    1880 


hlie  very  successfully  made  her  debut  at  the 
Oiiera-Coniiqiie   as   a    soprano   opera   singer. 

Sanderson,  Silas  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
18'il-70  li<!  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  California.  lie  flied  .lune  24,  1880, 
ill    San    Francisco,   Cal. 

Sanderson,  Thomas  Wakefield,  soldier, 
wa-  horn  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1801  he  was 
lirst  lieutenant  and  adjutant  in  the  second 
regiment  Ohio  cavaliy;  and  in  1805  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  was  honorably   mustered   out  in    186.5. 

Sanford,  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1800,  in  Ovid, 
N.  Y.  In  1842  he  was  appointed  judge  of 
the  criminal  court  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  a  meiiiber  of  ih*;  New  Y'ork  state  sen- 
ate in  184:5.     He  <lied  Sept.  27,  18.54,  at  sea. 

Sanford,  Edward  Sewall,  soldier,  was 
born  ill  New  York,  in  1802  he  was  colonel 
in  the  New  York  infantry;  and  in  180.5 
was  t>revetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teeis.      H..   dierl    Sept.  0,    1882. 

Sanford,  Lewis  Halsey,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  .June  8,  1807,  in  Ovid, 
N.Y.  He  removed  to  New  York  City  in 
18:{.'};  and  in  184;i  was  chosen  assistant 
vice-chancellor  of  the  first  circuit.  He  be- 
came vice-chancellor  in  1840;  in  1847-52 
was  associate  justice  of  the  superior  court 
of  New  York.  He  was  the  author  of  Cata- 
logue of  the  New  York  Law  Institute;  New 
^'ork  (  hancery  Reports;  and  New  Y'ork  Su- 
perior Court  lieports.  He  died  July  27, 
18.52.   ill   Toledo,  Oliio, 

Sanford,  Thomas,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1702  in  Westmore- 
land count}',  \'a.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1700; 
and  was  several  times  a  nir-inber  of  the 
Kentucky  legislature.  In  180.3-07  he  was 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  to  the 
e'glitli  and  ninth  congresses.  He  was 
drowned    Dec.    10.    1808,    in    the   Ohio    river. 

Sanford,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
170-5  he  WH<  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  New  .Jersey. 

Sandidge,  John  M.,  jilanter,  state  legis- 
hitor,  congii  s~iiian,  was  l.orn  Jan.  7,  1817, 
in  Franklin  county,  Oa.  He  served  as  a 
nieniber  of  the  legislature  of  Louisiana  in 
l8!6-5;5;  and  was  speaker  in  1854-55.  In 
1855-5!)  Jie  was  a  representative  from  Lou- 
isiana to  the  thirty-fourth  and  thirty-fifth 
congrcHses.      He  died  in    Louisiana. 

Sandiford,  Ralph,  author,  was  born  in 
l(;');i  ill  lliiglaiel.  He  was  the  author  of 
A  Urief  Ivxam illation  of  the  Practice  of  the 
limes,  bv  the  Foregoing  and  Present  Dis- 
|)ens:ition.  He  died  .May  28,  I7:W,  in  Phila- 
di  Ipliia.   Pa. 

Sandison,  George  Henry,  journalist,  edi- 
tor, aiitiior  was  liorii  .Ian.  4,  1H5(»,  in  .Aber- 
deen, Scotland.  He  was  educated  in  his 
native  city.  In  1871-77  he  was  general 
manager  of  the  American  press  associa- 
tion; and  'luring  the  same  time  was  man- 
aging editor  of  the  Times  of   .\lhany,   N.Y, 


102 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


In  1877-83  he  was  city  editor,  and  later  be- 
came managing  editor  of  tiie  New  Yorlc 
(Star.  In  1886  he  became  night  editor  of 
the  New  York  World;  and  has  been  special 
New  York  correspondent  for  various  daily 
papers  thoughout  the  United  States.  Since 
1890  he  has  been  managing  editor  of  the 
Christian  Herald,  with  offices  in  New  York 
City.  In  1881  he  successfully  conducted  a 
crusade  for  the  reform  of  the  prisoners  of 
New  York  which  resulted  in  legislation 
remedying  evils  in  New  York  and  ten  oth- 
er states.  He  is  the  author  of  numerous 
short  stories;  and  is  a  contributor  to  vari- 
ous newspapers  and  magazines. 

Sands,  Alexander  Hamilton,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  2,  1828,  in  Williams- 
burg, Va.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  Richmond, 
Va. ;  and  entered  the  baptist  ministry  a 
short  time  before  his  death.  He  was  the 
author  of  History  of  -a  Suit  in  Equity; 
llecreations  of  a  Southern  Barrister;  Prac- 
tical Law  Forms;  and  Sermons  by  a  Vil- 
lage Pastor.  He  died  Dec.  22,  1887,  in 
Riclimonil,  Va. 

Sands,  Benjamin  Franklin,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Feb.  11,  1811,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
He  entered  the  navy  in  1828;  served  in 
the  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  was  commis- 
sioned rear-admiral  in  1871;  and  placed 
on  the  retired  list  three  years  later.  He 
died  June  30,  1883,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Sands,  Henry  Berton,  physician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1830,  in  New 
York  City.  For  many  years  he  was  con- 
nected with  the  New  York  college  of  phy- 
sicians and  surgeons;  and  had  a  high  repu- 
tation as  a  successful  operating  surgeon. 
He  was  the  author  of  Esmarcli's  Bloodless 
Method ;  and  many  other  medical  works. 
He  died  Nov.  18,  1888.  in  New  York  City. 
Sands,  James  Hoban,  naval  officer,  was 
born  July  12,  1845,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
In  18(J3  he  was  promoted  ensign;  in  1880 
he  was  promoted  commander;  and  in  1902 
was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 
In  1898-1901  he  was  governor  of  the  naval 
home  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  in  1905-07  was 
superintendent  of  the  Naval  academy;  and 
in  1907  was  retired.  He  died  Oct.  27,  1911, 
in    Washington.   D.C. 

Sands,  John  Drozier,  clergyman,  chap- 
lain, was  born  Feb.  8,  1815.  in  England.  He 
is  an  eminent  congregational  clergyman ; 
and  during  the  civil  war  was  chaplain  in 
Llie  nineteenth  regiment  Iowa  volunteer  in- 
fantry. He  has  filled  pastorates  in  Essex, 
Vt. ;  and  several  clntrches  in  Iowa.  He 
now  fills  the  ])astorate  in  the  congrega- 
tional church  of  Belmond,  Iowa. 

Sands,  Joshua,  soldier,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  l)orn  in  1758  in 
Queens  county,  N.Y.  During  the  war  of 
1775  lie  was  a  member  of  the  Brooklyn 
home  guards;  in  1797  was  appointed  col- 
lector of  customs  for  the  port  of  New 
York;  and  was  at  one  time  a  magistrate 
in    Kings   county.     He   also  took   an  active 


part  in  the  revolutionary  war  to  its  close. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state 
senate  in  1792-99;  and  in  1803-05  and  1825- 
27  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  eighth  and  nineteenth  congresses. 
He  died  Sept.  13,  1835,  in  Queens  county, 
N.Y. 

Sands,  Joshua  Ratoon,  naval  officer,  was 
born  May  15,  1795,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In 
1812  he  became  a  midshipman;  lieutenant 
in  1818;  commander  in  1840;  captain  in 
1854;  and  commodore  on  the  retired  list 
in   18U2.     He  died  about   1880. 

Sands,  Robert  Charles,  journalist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  May  11,  1799,  in  Flatbush, 
LI.  He  was  the  author  of  Life  of  Paul 
Jones;  The  Talisman;  and  co-author  with 
Eastburn  of  the  once  noted  poem  Yamoy- 
den.  He  died  in  December,  1832,  in  Ho- 
boken.  N.J. 

Sandt,  George  Washington,  educator, 
journalist,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  22,  1854,  in  Belfast,  Pa.  He  filled 
pastorates  in  Catasanqua,  Weissport  and 
WiJkesbarre,  Pa.,  and  was  professor  of  Eng- 
lish in  Augnstana  college  of  Rock  Island, 
Hi.  Since  1907  he  has  been  editor-in-chief 
of  the  Lutheran.  He  is  the  author  of  How 
lo  Become  a  Christian;  and  Ninety-Five 
Theses    for   Protestant    Cliurch    Doors. 

Sandys,  Edwyn  William,  editor,  author, 
was  born  June  9,  1860,  in  Canada.  He  is 
editor  of  Outing  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  author  of  Upland  Game  Birds;  Trapper 
Jim;  Sportsman  Joe;  and  Sporting 
Sketches. 

Sanford,  Albert  Hart,  educator,  author, 
was  born  June  21,  1866,  in  Platteville, 
Wis.  Since  1886,  with  the  exception  of 
four  years  spent  in  the  university  of  Wis- 
consin and  Harvard  university,  he  has  been 
engaged  in  teaching;  and  is  now  instructor 
in  history  and  civics  at  the  state  normal 
school  at  Stevens  Point,  Wis.  In  1901-02 
he  was  president  of  the  North  central  his- 
tory teachers'  association.  He  is  the  joint 
author  of  Government  in  State  and  Nation; 
Our  Government  and  American  History,  a 
textbook  for  high  schools. 

Sanford,  Charles  W.,  lawyer,  was  born 
May  5,  1796,  m  Newark,  N.J.  In  1867  he 
was  retired  by  Governor  Reuben  E.  Fen- 
ton,  after  being  at  the  head  of  the  military 
organization  in  New  York  City  for  more 
than  thirty  years.  On  him  devolved  the 
responsibility  of  directing  the  troops  that 
wi're  called  out  to  suppress  the  Astor  place, 
Flour,  Street-preachers',  and  Draft  riots. 
Me  was  in  conunand  at  Harper's  Ferry  dur- 
ing the  battle  of  Bull  Run.  He  died  July 
25,    1S7P.   in   Newark.  N.J. 

Sanford,  Daniel  Sammis,  educator,  found- 
er, was  born  A])ril  10,  1859,  in  Redding 
Iviilge,  Conn.  In  1891-1905  he  was  head 
master  of  the  higli  school  of  Brookline, 
Mass.  In  1905  he  founded  the  Stanford 
sclutol  of  Redding  Ridge,  Conn. 
Sanford,  David,  clergyman,  chaplain,  was 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


103 


turn  Dec.  11,  1737,  in  Milfoid,  Conn.  He 
was  ])astor  of  the  Congregational  church 
at  Medway.  He  served  as  a  chaphiin  in 
the  revolutionarv  arniv.  He  died  April  7, 
1810,  in   Medforil,   ]\lass. 

Sanford,  Edmund  Clark,  educator,  psy- 
chologist, author,  was  born  Nov.  10,  1859, 
in  Oakhmd,  Cal.  He  is  professor  of  ex- 
perimental and  comparative  psycliologj'  in 
Clark  university  of  Alassachusetts.  He  is 
the  autiior  of  A  Course  in  Experimental 
Psycliology. 

Sanford,  Edward,  journalist,  state  sen- 
ator, poet,  was  born  July  8,  1805,  in  Al- 
bany. N.Y.  In  1838  he  was  made  assist- 
ant naviil  otticer  at  the  i)ort  of  New  York; 
and  also  held  the  ollice  of  secretary  to  the 
commission  to  restore  the  duties  on  goods 
that  had  been  destroyed  by  the  great  tire 
of  1835.  In  1843  he  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate.  He  was  the  author  of  a  po- 
etical address  to  Black  Hawk;  and  The 
Loves  of  the  Shell-Fishes.  He  died  Aug. 
28.    1876,   in   Cowanda,   N.Y. 

Sanford,  Elias  Benjamin,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  6,  1843,  in  Westbrook, 
Com'..  In  1869-94  he  filled  pastorates  in 
congregational  churches  of  Cornwall,  Thom- 
a>>ton  and  Westbrook,  Conn.  In  1900  he 
organized;  and  has  since  been  general  sec- 
retary of  the  National  federation  of 
churches  and  chri-stian  workers.  He  is  the 
author   of  History   of  Connecticut. 

Sanford,  Ezekiel,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1796  in  llidgetield.  Conn.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  History  of  the  United 
States  before  the  Revolution ;  and  a  novel 
entitled  The  Ijumors  on  Utopia.  He  died 
in    1822   in   Columbia,   S.C. 

Sanford,  Fernando,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  12,  1854,  in  Taylor,  111.  Since 
1801  he  has  been  professor  of  physics  in 
Stanford  university  of  California.  He  is 
the  author  of  N'ariation  of  Resistance  of 
Copper  Wires  in  Various  Dielectics;  Ex- 
periments in  Electric  Thotography;  An 
.\c(iustic  I'vrometer;  Rain  Making;  and 
other    works. 

Sanford,  Henry  C,  lawyer,  legislator,  was 
l)()rM  S(|)l.  11,  1833,  in  ]\Iaine.  He  received 
a    (liorough    education;    read    law;    and    in 

1870  was  admitted 
to  practice  that  pro- 
fession. He  soon  at- 
tained eminence  ,as  a 
^  ^^^^_    |>ra(tieiiig    attornev  of 

*V-        Ir^H     Akron,    Ohio,    and    is 
^  ^^^^    "''"    '^"""'"    Ihrough- 

t  ''^^'1^1    '*"'    *^''*'    ^\.^iG.      This 

^  'l^l    prominent    lawyer  has 

been     prfiseeufing    at- 
torney of  his  city  and 
county;    and    for   two 
terms    has    served    as 
a     member       of       the 
Ohio    stale    legislature   and    served   on    vari- 
ous er)mmittees. 
Sanford,  Frank  Goodwin,  educator,  artist. 


author,  was  born  March  3,  1874,  in  Med- 
ford,  Mass.  Since  1903  he  has  been  a 
teacher  of  training  and  manual  arts  at  the 
Allendale  farm  school  for  boys  at  Lake 
Villa,  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Arts  and 
Crafts  for  Beginners. 

Sanford,  Heman  Howes,  educator,  gene- 
alogist, was  born  Sept.  29,  1829,  in  Madi- 
son, N.Y.  For  many  years  he  was  a  class- 
ical teacher  in  Cortland  academy  of  Ho- 
mer, N.Y.;  became  professor  of  Latin  in 
Syracuse  university  in  1872;  and  of  Latin 
and  English  literaUire  in  the  university  of 
CliH-ago  in  1878.  He  now  resides  in  Syra- 
cuse, N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  Genealogies 
of  the  John  Howes  and  the  William  San- 
ton  i    Families. 

Sanford,  Henry  R.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  1837.  In  1869  he  became  a  teacher 
of  science  in  the  Fredonia  normal  school; 
and  in  1874  was  superintendent  of  schools 
fit  Middletown.  He  has  been  an  institute 
instructor  in  several  states;  and  in  1875 
was  president  of  the  New  York  state  teach- 
ers' association.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
World  Method  in  Number;  and  A  Limited 
Sjjeller. 

Sanford,  Henry  Shelton,  diplomat,  found- 
er, was  born  June  15,  1823,  in  Woodbury, 
Conn.  In  1849-54  he  was  secretary  of  the 
United  States  legation  in  Paris;  and  in 
1861-09  he  was  United  States  minister  to 
Belgium.  He  died  May  21,  1891,  in  Heal- 
ing  Springs,   Va. 

Sanford,  James  T.,  agriculturist,  con- 
gressman, philanthropist,  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia. In  1823-25  he  was  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  to  the  eighteenth  congress. 
Having  acquired  a  large  property  in  the 
pursuits  of  agriculture,  he  appropriated  a 
part  of  his  wealth  to  the  establishment  of 
Jacksoa  college.  He  died  about  1880  in 
Tennessee. 

Sanford,  John,  colonist,  public  official, 
was  born  about  1600  in  England.  In  1653 
he  was  chosen  president  of  Portsmouth  and 
Newport;  and  took  an  active  part  in  the 
war  with  tlie  Dutch.  He  was  attorney- 
general  and  recording  secretary  of  the 
state  of  Rhode  Island.  He  died  about  1670 
in    Rhode    Island. 

Sanford,  John,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Jan.  18,  1851,  in  Amster- 
dam, N.Y.  In  1872  he  graduated  from 
Yale  university.  In  1889-93  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  fifty- 
iirst  and  fifty-second  congress(>s  as  a  repiib- 
lican.  .After  his  retirement  from  congress 
he  was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  car- 
pels  at    .Amsterdam,  N.Y. 

Sanford,  John,  state  senator,  congreas- 
maii.  was  lioni  in  New  York.  In  1841-43  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-seventh 
congress;  and  was  a  member  of  tho  New 
York  state  senate  in  1851.  Ho  died  Oct.  7, 
1857.  in  .\msterdam,  N.Y. 

Sanford,  Jonah,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator,  congressman,   was   born   in    1789    in 


104 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Cornwall,  Vt.  In  1829-30  he  represented 
his  county  in  the  New  York  state  legisla- 
ture; and  was  a  representative  to  the  twen- 
ty-Iirst  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  1830- 
31.  He  was  one  of  the  associate  judges  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas.  He  died  Dec. 
25,  1867,  in  Hopkinton,  N.Y. 

Sanford,  Laura  G.,  litterateur,  author. 
She  is  the  author  of  a  History  of  Erie 
county,   Pennsylvania. 

Sanford,  Maria  L.,  educator,  lecturer,  was 
Lorn  Dec.  1!).  ]83o,  in  Saybrook,  Conn.  In 
1855  she  graduated  from  the  state  normal 
school  of  New  Britain,  Conn.  In  1852  she 
began  educational  work.  In  1870-79  she 
was  professor  of  history  at  Swarthniore 
college  of  Pennsylvania;  and  since  1880  has 
been  profes-.or  of  rhetoric  and  elocution  in 
the  university  of  Minnesota.  She  is  a 
successful  lecturer  upon  literature  and  his- 
tory of  art;  and  occasionally  contributes 
article*  on  these  subjects  to  the  periodical 
preys. 

Sanford,  Moon  Green,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  bor:i  May  30,  1807,  in  Grafton, 
]S;.Y.  In  1837  he  began  the  practice  of  law 
in  Owosso,  Mich.;  and  in  1843-46  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Michigan  state  senate.  In 
1848  57  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  of  Michigan;  and  sub- 
sequently was  for  many  years  circuit  judge 
for  the  Bay  City  district.  He  revised  the 
statute  laws  of  Michigan.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Crime,  Its  Nature,  Cause,  Treat- 
ment and  Prevention.  He  died  Aug.  13, 
1901.   in   Bay   City,   Midi. 

Sanford,  Nathan,  lawj^er,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1777,  in 
Bridgehampton,  L.I.  He  was  United  States 
commissioner  of  bankruptcy  for  Kew  York 
m  1802;  and  was  United  States  district 
attorney  for  New  Ycrk  in  1803-16.  He  was 
speaker  of  the  state  assembly  in  1811;  and 
v/as  afterward  state  senator.  In  1815-21 
and  1825-31  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  was  chancellor  of  New  York  in  1823-25. 
He  died  Oct.   17,   1838,  in   Flushing,  N.Y. 

Sanford,  Stephen,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  May  26,  1826,  in  May- 
ticild,  N.V.     He  was  educated  in  the  public 

schools;  at  the  acad- 
emy of  Amsterdam, 
N.Y.;  at  the  George- 
town college  of  the 
District  of  C'olum- 
b'a;  and  for  two 
years  was  a  student 
at  West  Point.  In 
^'^^  1884  he  entered  the 
carpet  manufacturing 
business,  nftw  one  of 
the  largest  establish- 
ments of  its  kind  in 
the  country.  He 
founded  the  Amsterdam  reservoir  company, 
by  wliicli  a  thousand  acres  of  land  have 
bcoii  flooded  by  the  waters  of  the  Chucta- 
ininda    creek,    supplying    water    power    for 


its  own  and  other  manufactories.  He  is 
president  of  the  Amsterdam  reservoir  com- 
pany; president  of  the  Amsterdam  na- 
tional bank;  president  of  the  Chuctanunda 
gas  light  company ;  and  president  of  the 
Greenhill  cemetery  association.  He  is  an 
agriculturist  and  a  breeder  of  horses  and 
cattle.  In  1809-71  lie  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  forty-first  congress 
as  a  republican.  He  founded  a  home  for 
elderly  women  of  ilontgoniery  county;  and 
presented  it  to  tlie  city  of  Amsterdam,  N.Y. 
He  also  built  the  Children's  home;  and  has 
been  a  large  contributor  to  the  hospitals 
and  churches  of  his  community. 

Sanford,    Peleg,     colonial     governor.      In 

1680-83  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Rhode 
Island. 

Sanford,  Thaddeus,  journalist,  banker, 
was  born  in  1791  in  Connecticut.  In  1828 
he  became  the  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
ilobile  Register.  He  continued  to  conduct 
that  journal,  with  the  exception  of  the 
period  between  1837  and  1841,  for  twenty- 
six  years.  In  1833  he  Avas  elected  presi- 
dent of  the  bank  of  jNIobile;  and  in  1853 
he  was  appointed  collector  of  the  port.  He 
died  April  30,  1807.  in  ^Mobile,  Ala. 

Sanger,  George  Partridge,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  Nov.  27,  1819,  in 
Dover,  Mass.  He  was  for  many  years  the 
editor  of  The  American  Almanac;  and  also 
edited  the  Boston  Law  Reporter.  He  edit- 
ed, with  George  Minot,  the  United  States 
Statutes  at  Large,  Treaties,  Proclamations, 
etc.;  and  in  1802-63,  with  .John  G.  Locke, 
revised  and  consolidated  the  city  ordinances 
of  Boston,  and  collated  the -state  municipal 
laws.  He  died  Julj''  3,  1890,  in  Swamp- 
scott,    Mass. 

Sanger,  Joseph  Prentice,  soldier,  inspec- 
tor-general, was  born  May  4,  1840,  in  De- 
troit, Mich.  He  served  through  the  civil 
war;  and  was  twice  brevetted  for  gallan- 
try. In  1805-98  he  was  principal  assistant 
to  the  inspector-general  of  the  army;  and 
in  1901  became  inspector-general.  In  1899 
he  served  in  the  Spanish-American  war  as 
brigadier-general  in  the  United  States  vol- 
unteers. 

Sanger,  William  Gary,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  May  21,  1853,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
He  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  two  hun- 
dred and  third  regiment  in  the  volunteer 
service  of  the  United  States  in  the  Span- 
ish-American war.  In  1901-03  he  was  as- 
s'stant  secretary  of  war.  He  is  the  author 
of  Sea  Coast  Defenses  and  the  Organiza- 
tion of  Sea  Coast  Artillery  Forces;  and 
Organization  and  Training  of  a  National 
Ue.icrve. 

Sanger,  William  Wallace,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  l)oni  Aug.  10,  1819,  in  Hartford, 
Conn.  He  was  assistant  at  Bellevue  hos- 
pital, and  subsequently  was  the  first  resi- 
dent physician  at  Blackwell's  island.  Dur- 
ing  this   seven   years'   tenure   of   that   ofhce 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


105 


he  made  an  investigation  of  the  "social 
evil,"  the  results  of  which  he  embodied  in 
a  work  characterized  by  laborious  research 
and  conipreliensivenoss.  He  was  the  author 
of  the  History  of  Prostitution.  He  died 
May   8.    1872. 'in  New   York   City. 

Sangster,  Mrs.  Margaret  Elizabeth,  jour- 
nalist, autlior.  i)Oet.  was  burn  Feb.  22,  1838, 
in  New  Rochelle,  X.Y.  She  has  been  editor 
of  Harper's  Bazar  since  1889.  Her  poetical 
writings  comprise.  On  the  Road  Home; 
Easter  Bells;  Poems  of  the  Household; 
Home  Fairies  and  Heart  Flowers.  She  is 
also  the  author  of  a  Manual  of  Missions  of 
the  Iveformed  Church:  Hours  with  (Jirls; 
Home  and  Heaven;  Splendid  Times;  Five 
Ha])py  Weeks;  May  Stanhope  and  Her 
Friend:  iliss  Dewbury's  School;  Little 
Kni.udits  and  Ladies;  Maidie's  Problems; 
aixl  Tiic  .loyful    Life. 

Sankey,  Ira  Allan,  publisher,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  ;3(),  1874,  in  Scotland.  He  is  a 
son  of  Ira  1).  Sankev.  tlie  evangelist.  In 
1897  he  graduated  from  the  Princeton  uni- 
versity; and  took  special  studies  in  civil 
engineering  and  architecture.  Since  1898 
he  lias  been  in  the  music  publishing  busi- 
ness; and  is  president  of  Biglow  and  Main 
co!r>pany  in  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Male  Quartet;  and  Hallowed 
Hymns.  New  and  Old:  and  is  a  composer 
of  sacretl  songs,  including  the  famous  Nev- 
er (iive   Ij). 

Sankey,  Ira  David,  evangelist,  vocalist, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  28,  1840,  in  Edin- 
burgh. Pa.  He  was  a  musical  evangelist; 
and  co-laborer  of  Dwight  L.  Moody  for 
twenty-eight  years.  He  was  the  author  of 
several  popular  sacred  songs,  including  The 
Niiicty  and  Nine;  and  When  the  Mists" 
Have  Rolled  Away;  and  is  one  of  the  com- 
pilers of  the  book  entitled  fJospel  Hymns. 
He   died   Aug.    13,    1908.    in    Brooklyn,' N.Y. 

Sanno,  James  Madison  Johnston,  soldier, 
was  burn  Dec.  ID.  1S40.  in  New  Hampton, 
N.J.  In  1858  lie  was  assistant  sergeant- 
at-nrms  in  the  New  Jersey  state  senate.  In 
18ti;}  he  graduated  from  West  Point  mili- 
!ary  academy.  He  serv«'d  in  the  civil  war 
•IS  tirst  lieutenant:  and  Ix-canu'  colonel  in 
1899.  In  19i).S  he  was  retired  as  brigadier- 
general  of  the  I'nited  States  army.  He 
died   in   1907. 

Santayana,  George,  educator,  author.  ])o- 
f[.  \\a-  burn  D'e.  1(1.  18(i;{.  in  Spain.  He 
is  an  assistant  professor  in  philosophy  at 
Harvard  university.  He  is  the  auHior  of 
Sonnets  and  Otiier  Poems:  Thi-  Sense  of 
lieauty;  being  tlie  Outlines  of  Aestlietic 
riuory;  Lucifer,  a  Theological  Trage<ly ; 
Interiuetations    of    Poetry     and     Religion; 

and    Tlie    I  ifi'   of   Reason. 

Santelmann,  William  Henry,  musician, 
uireetor.  was  born  Sept.  24,  18():5.  in  Han- 
over. fJernniny.  He  graduated  from  the 
Leipzig  conservatory  of  music  in  practical 
and  theoretical  music.  In  Leipzig  he  was 
a   member  of  a  symi»hony  orchestra;   and  a 


member  of  the  infantry  regiment  band.  In 
1887-9.3  he  was  a  member  of  the  I'nited 
States  marine  band;  and  in  1895-98  was 
leader  of  the  orchestra  at  Columbia  theater 
of  Washington,  D.C.  In  1898  he  was  ap- 
pointed leader  of  the  band  in  the  United 
States    marine   corps. 

Santee,  Ellis  Monroe,  physioian,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  13,  18G3,  in  Hughes- 
ville.  Pa.  In  1900-08  he  was  health  com- 
missioner of  Cort- 
land, N.Y. ;  has  been 
coroner  of  Cortland 
county;  and  is  a  lec- 
turer on  sanitation 
for  the  New  York 
state  agricultural  de- 
partment. He  served 
-(■\en  years  in  the 
New  York  national 
guard.  ending  as 
commanding  officer  of 
the  forty-fiftii  com- 
pany; and  is  now  a 
>upernum(>rary  officer.  He  is  the  author  of 
Repertory  of  Convolutions;  and  Santee 
Genealogy. 

Sapp,  Oscar,  lawyer,  college  president, 
was  born  .May  5.  18()9,  in  Kernersville,  N.C. 
He  has  been  mayor  of  his  native  town ; 
and  in  1891-92  was  president  of  the  En- 
lield    collegiate    institute. 

Sapp,  William  Fletcher,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  leg  slator.  congressman,  was  born 
Nov.  20,  1824,  in  Danville,  Ohio.  In  18(il 
lie  was  appointed  adjutant-general  of  Ne- 
braska territory:  anil  subsecpU'ntly  electeil 
to  the  territorial  legislature.  He  served 
in  the  union  army  as  lieutenant-colonel. 
He  moved  to  Iowa;  and  was  a  state  rep- 
resentative in  1805.  He  was  United  States 
district  attorney  in  1809-73.  In  1877-81  he 
was  a  representative  from  Iowa  to  the  for- 
ty-fifth and  forty-sixth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He  died  Nov.  3,  1890,  in  Council 
Blulls,   Iowa. 

Sapp,  William  R.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  In  IS.')3-57  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Oliio  to  the  thirty-third  and  thir- 
tv-fourth   congresses.     He  <lied  in  Ohio. 

Sargeant,  Nathaniel  Peaslee,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
.\ov.  2,  1731.  in  Methuen.  Mass.  He  was 
a  delegate  1o  the  provincial  congi"ess  in 
17  75:  and  was  a  representatfve  in  the 
.vlassaehusetts  legish.lui'e  in  1770.  He  was 
judge  of  I  he  supreme  cotirt  of  the  slate; 
and  li'-eanie  chief  jiistice  in  1789.  Me  died 
Oct     12.    1791.    in    Haverhill,   Mass. 

Sargent,  Charles  Sprague,  journalist,  bot- 
ani-t.  <'dn<alor,  author,  was  born  April  24, 
1S41.  ill  Boston,  ^lass.  Since  1879  he  has 
been  .\rnold  jn'ofessor  of  arboriculture  at 
Har\ard  uni\crsily;  .ind  editor  of  (Jardeii 
and  Fore.st  since  1888.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Silva  of  North  America;  Report  on 
the    Forests  of  North  America;   The   Woods 


106 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


of   the    United    States;    and    Notes    on    the 
Forest  Flora  of  Japan. 

Sargent,  Aaron  Augustus,  Uxwyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  28,  1827,  in  New- 
buryport,    Mass.      He   entered   the    printing 

business;  and  in  1849 
moved  to  California. 
In  1854  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  and  in 
1855-56  was  district 
attorney  for  Nevada 
county,  Cal.  In  1861- 
63  and  1869-73  he 
was  a  representative 
from  California  to 
the  thirty-seventh, 

forty-first  and  forty- 
second  congresses  as 
a  republican.  In  1873-79  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  United  States  senate  to  fill  a 
vacancy  and  served  on  naval  affairs,  mines 
and  mining  and  appropriations.  In  1882 
he  was  appointed  United  States  minister 
to  Germany  and  held  that  ofhce  vuitil  the 
action  of  the  German  authorities  in  in- 
cluding American  port  from  the  empire 
made  his  incumbency  personally  distaste- 
ful. He  died  Aug.  14,  1887,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco,  Cal. 

Sargent,  Dudley  Allen,  medical  exam- 
iner, lecturer,  inventor,  outhor,  was  born 
Sept.  28,  1849,  in  Belfast,  Maine.  He  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
A.B.,  A.M.  and  S.D. 
from  Bowdoin  col- 
lege, and  the  degree 
of  M.D.  from  Yale 
college.  He  is  the  di- 
rector of  the  Hemen- 
way  gymnasium  of 
the  Harvard  univer- 
sity at  Cambridge, 
Mass.  He  has  been 
president  of  the 
American  association 
for  the  advancement 
of  ])hysical  education;  has  invented  vari- 
ous gymnastic  appliances;  has  lectured  ex- 
tensively on  physical  training;  and  is  the 
autlior  of  a  number  of  works  on  these 
to])ics. 

Sargent,  Fitzwilliam,  physician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  May  17,  1820,  in  Glou- 
cester, Mass.  He  is  a  Philadelphia  sur- 
geon ;  and*  went  to  live  in  Switzerland  in 
18.i4.  He  is  the  author  of  Bandaging  and 
Other   ( »|(cr;il  ions   of   ]\1iiior   Surgery. 

Sargent,  Frederick  Leroy,  botanist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  25,  1863,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Guide  to  Cryp- 
togams; Til  rough  a  Microscojie;  A  Key  to 
North  American  Species  of  Cladonia;  and 
llov/    to    Describe   a    Flowering   Plant. 

Sargent,  Epes,  journalist,  author,  poet, 
was    born    Sept.    27,    1813,    in    Gloucester, 


Mass.  He  was  a  prominent  Boston  jour- 
nalist and  poet ;  and 
will  be  longest  re- 
m  c  m  here  d  by  the 
familiar  poem,  Life 
on  the  Ocean  Wave. 
He  was  the  author  of 
Songs  of  the  Sea; 
Poems;  and  The 
Woman  who  Dared ; 
Wealth  and  Worth ; 
What's  to  be  Done?; 
Fleetwood;  and  Pe- 
culiar, a  tale  of  the 
Great  Rebellion.  He 
wrote  the  dramas,  Bride  of  Genoa;  Ve- 
lasco;  Change  Makes  Change;  and  The 
Priestess.  His  miscellaneous  writings  com- 
prise. Life  of  Henry  Clay;  American  Ad- 
ventures by  Land  and  Sea;  Arctic  Adven- 
tures by  Sea  and  Land;  Original  Dia- 
logues; Planchette,  the  Despair  of  Science; 
and  Memoir  of  Franklin.  He  edited  a 
popular  series  of  school  and  critical  edi- 
tions of  many  English  j^oets,  and  Harper's 
Cyclopedia  of  Poetry.  He  died  Dec.  31, 
1880,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sargent,    George    Henry,    manufacturer, 

was  born  Oct.  29,   1828,  in  Leicester,  Mass. 

He  was  educated  in  New  England.     In  1853 

he  joined  his  brother, 
Joseph  Bradford  Sar- 
gent, in  the  manufac- 


of  hardware, 
principal  fac- 
were  estab- 
in  1863,  and 
enlarged    from 


ture 
His 
tories 
lislu'd 
being 

time  to  time,  now 
represent  an  invest- 
ment of  millions  of 
dollars  and  stand  as 
a  monumental  in- 
stance of  the  prog- 
ress and  growth  of  American  manufactures 
diiring  the   past   forty  years. 

Sargent,  Henry,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Nov.  25,  1770,  in  Gloucester,  Mass.  He  is 
widely  known  through  his  engraving  en- 
titled The  Landing  of  the  Pilgrims.  He 
died   Feb.  21,   1845,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sargent,  Henry  Winthrop,  horticulturist, 
autlior,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1810,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  a  noted  horticulturist  of 
Fishkill,  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Skele- 
ton Routes  through  England,  etc. ;  and 
'J'reatiso  on.  Landscape  Gardening.  He  died 
Nov.   10.   1882,  in  Hudson,  N.Y. 

Sargent,  Horace  Binney,  soldier,  was  born 
June  30,  1821,  in  Quincy,  Mass.  During 
the  civil  war  he  served  with  distinction; 
and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general.  He 
died   in   1908. 

Sargent,  Herbert  Howland,  soldier,  au- 
thor,   was    born    Sept.    29,    1858,   in   Carlin- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


107 


ville.   HI. 


He  served  on  the  frontier  until 
the  outbreak  of  the 
Spa  nish  -  American 
war.  He  served  at 
Washington  in  or- 
ganizing volunteers, 
was  appointed  colo- 
nel of  tlie  fifth  Unit- 
ed States  volunteers 
in  ISitS;  and  organ- 
ized a  regiment  at 
Columbus,  Miss.  He 
is  tlie  author  of  Na- 
poleon Bonaparte's 
First  Campaign ;  The 
Campa  gn  of  Marengo;  and  The  Cami)aign 
of  Santiago  de  Cuba. 

Sargent,  Jam"es,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  burn  Dee.  o,  1824,  in  Chester,  Vt.  He 
has  invented  a  burglar-proof  lock;  and  in- 
vented the  Sargent  time  lock.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  a  manufacturing  firm  of  Sargent 
and  (ireenleaf;  and  is  president  of  the 
Pfaduler  vacuum  fermentation  company; 
and  has  invented  their  gas  enamel  steel 
tank  and  vacuum  pump.  He  is  president 
of  the  Gordan  signal  company;  and  has  in- 
vent'-d  automatic  semaphore  railway  sig- 
nals;  av.d  an   automatic  smoke  consumer. 

Sargent,  John  Osborne,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  liorn  Sept.  20,  ISil,  in 
Gloucester.  [Mass.  He  translated  Griin's 
Last  Knight;  and  was  the  author  of  Pa- 
pers for  tiie  Times  by  a  Berkshire  Farmer; 
and  Horatian  Echoes;  Translation  of  the 
Odes  of  Horace.  He  died  Dec.  28,  1891,  in 
Now  York  City. 

Sargent,  John  Singer,  painter,  artist, 
was  l)orn  in  1.S5G  in  Italv.  In  1897  he  be- 
came a  national  academician.  Among  his 
figure-p'eces  are  lishing  for  Oysters  at 
Cancah-;  and  Neapolitan  Children  Bath- 
ing. He  is  especial'}'  noted  or  his  excellent 
portraits. 

Sargent,  Lucius  Manlius,  litterateur,  au- 
tiio'-,  was  born  -June  25,  1780,  in  Bo.ston, 
Mass.  He  was  a  once  jtroiiiinrnt  temper- 
ance advocate  of  Boston.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Tinipcrance  Tales,  a  very  poular 
work;  Dealings  with  the  Di-ad;  The  Trrc- 
pressibl"  Conilict;  IIul)ert  ami  Ellen;  and 
Otl.cr  I'oems;  and  Translations  from  the 
.Minor  Latin  Poets.  He  died  June  2,  18(17. 
in  West  Roxbnry.  Mass. 

Sargent,  Lucius  Manlius,  soldit-r.  physi- 
cian. \\;i^  Imhii  Si|.t.  l.'i.  182(1,  in  iJoston. 
Mass.  In  18.'j7-(n  lie  was  liouso  surgnm 
and  ilispensary  pliysieian  to  the  Massachu- 
setts general  liospital.  In  I8(il  he  was  com- 
missioned (•a])taiii;  and  in  I8(i4  became 
lieutenant-colonel  in  the  secontl  regiment 
Massachusetts  volunteer  infantry,  lie  died 
Dec.   !).    |8(M.    near    Bellefield,    Va. 

Sargent,  Nathan,  lawyer,  journalist,  jur- 
ist, author,  was  Ixnn  May  i5,  1704.  in  Pult- 
ney,  \'t.  In  18:j(J  he  moved  to  I'hiladelphia 
and  established  a  whig  newspajier.  He  sub- 
seiiuently     became     the     Washington     eoire- 


spondent  of  the  United  States  Gazette  of 
Philadelphia.  He  was  register  of  the  treas- 
ury in  1851-53;  and  in  1801-71  was  com- 
missioner of  customs.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  he  was  president  of  the  Washington 
reform  school.  He  was  the  author  of  Pub- 
lic Men  and  Events;  and  Life  of  Henry 
Clav.  He  died  Feb.  2.  1875,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Sargent,  Nathaniel  Peaslee,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, in  1775-!)()  he  was  an  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Massachusetts;  and 
in  1790-01  he  was  chief  justice.  He  died  in 
1791. 

Sargent,  Paul  Dudley,  soldier,  jurist,  was 
born  1745  in  Salem,  Mass.  He  commanded 
a  regiment  at  the  siege  of  Boston;  was 
wounded  at  Bunker  Hill;  and  commanded 
a  brigade  in  the  summer  of  1770.  After  the 
war  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Hancock  county,  Maine; 
was  judge  of  probate,  justice  of  the  ^ame; 
and  first  rp])i-esentative  to  the  general  court. 
He  (lied  Sept.  28.   1828,  in  Sullivan,  Maine. 

Sargent,  Winthrop,  soldier,  governor,  po- 
et, was  born  May  1,  1753,  in  Gloucester, 
Mass.  He  served  during  the  entire  revolu- 
tionary war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  ma- 
jor. He  became  connected  with  the  Ohio 
company;  in  1780  was  appointed  surveyor 
of  tlie  northwest  territory;  and  became  its 
secretary  in  1787.  lie  was  governor  of  the 
territory  of  Mississippi  in  1798-1802;  and 
was  adjutnnt-general  of  St.  Clair's  army  in 
the  unfortunate  expedition  against  the  In- 
dians in  1791,  and  was  wounded.  He  was 
adjutant-general  and  inspector  in  Wayne's 
campaign  in  1794-95.  He  was  the  author  of 
Boston,  a  Poem ;  and  Papers  Relating  to 
(\Mtain  American  Anti(piities.  He  died 
.Mine  3,    182(t.   in  Ohio. 

Sargent,  Winthrop,  lawyer,  author,  was 
bom  Sept.  23,  1825,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  a  lawyer  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Life  of  Major  Andre,  a 
work  dis]ilaying  much  research.  He  also 
edited  the  liistory  of  Braddock's  Expedi- 
tion, from  Original  Pa])ers.  He  died  May 
18.  1870.  in  Paris.  France. 

Sarles,  Elmore  Yocum,  banker,  govern- 
or, was  born  Jan.  15,  1859,  in  Wonewoc, 
Wis.     In    1873-80     he    was    engaged     in    the 

baid<ing     business     in 

^^^V  l^H      boro,    N.D. 

^^^Kc^^        ^^1  the     Traill 

^^HHJI^I*'  >^H  In 

^^^^^^Hlk    ^^M      he 
^^^^^^^>^ '^^H 

^^^^k  '  '  ^      of    llillsboro;    and    in 

^^^^^i<i  1905-07   was  governor 

IHHNK  JBHI     "f*  ""ti'i*'  "f  North 

Dakota.  He  is  pres- 
ident of  the  First  national  bank  in  Hilla- 
lioro;    vice-president    of    the    First    national 


108 


HEHRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


bank  of  Northwood,  N.D. ;  vice-president  of 
tlie  Nortliwestern  trust  company  of  Grand 
Forks,  N  .D. ;  and  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  tlie  Valley  lumber  company  of  Hillsboro, 
N.D. 

Sartain,  Emily,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
March  17,  1841,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa'.  She 
is  the  principal  of  the>  Philadelphia  school 
of  design  for  women.  She  gained  a  medal 
in  187(3  at  the  Centennial  exhibition  for 
her  painting  entitled  Reproof;  and  has  won 
a  nvnnber  of  prizes. 

Sartain,  John,  engraver,  artist,  was  born 
Oct.  24,  1808,  in  London,  England.  In  1830 
he   brouglit  the  art  of  mezzo  tinting  to  the 

United  States.  He 
edited  and  published 
Campbell's  Foreign 
Semi-Monthly  and 
Sartain's  Magazine  in 
New  York  City;  and 
attained  national  rep- 
utation as  a  success- 
ful engraver.  His 
most  noted  plates  are 
Christ  Rejected;  The 
Tionworker  and  King 
Solomon;  Civil  War 
in  IMissouri;  Home- 
stead of  Henry  Clay;  and  The  Battle  of 
Gettysburg.  For  sixty-seven  years  he  lived 
in  Philadelphia;  was  director  of  the  Acad- 
emy of  fine  arts  for  twenty-three  years; 
was  chief  of  the  bureau  of  aVt  at  the  Cen- 
tennial exposition  ;  and  received  thirty  dec- 
orations and  medals.  His  children  inherit 
their  fatlier's  genius:  Samuel  is  an  engrav- 
er of  portraits;  William  is  a  New  York 
painter  and  president  of  the  Art  club  of 
that  city,  and  his  daughter  Emily  is  an 
artist  etcher.  engra\'er  and  art  critic  of 
note,  and  was  a  member  of  the  internation- 
al jury  of  awards  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian exposition  at  Chicago.  He  died  Oct. 
25.   1897,  in  Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Sartain,  Samuel,  designer,  engraver,  was 
born  Oct.  8,  1830,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  His 
prints  include  Clear  the  Track;  Christ 
Blessing  Little  Children ;  One  of  the 
Chosen;  Clirist  Stilling  the  Tempest;  The 
Song  of  the  Angels;  Evangeline;  and  vari- 
ous portraits  after  Thomas  Sully,  John 
Neagh\  and  others.  He  died  in  1906  in 
Piiiladelphia.  Pa. 

Sartain,  William,  educator,  artist,  was 
born  Nov.  21,  1843.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  became  an  associate  in  the  National 
academy  of  design.  He  has  been  professor 
in  various  art  institutes;  and  received  a 
silver  medal  from  Boston  and  from  the 
Pennsylvania  academy  of  fine  arts.  His 
pictures  have  a  place  in  public  art  gal- 
leries, the  principal  of  Mliich  are  The 
Young  IMusic'an ;  A  Sweet  Woman ;  and 
Solitude. 

Sartori,  Louis  Constant,  naval  officer, 
was  born  June  13,  1812,  in  Bloomsbury, 
N.J.    In   1829  he  entered  the  navy  as  mid- 


shijDman;  served  during  the  Mexican  war; 
and  in  1861-66  was  in  the  blockading  serv- 
ice during  the  civil  war.  In  1873  he  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  commodore.  He 
died  in   1809   in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Sartorius,  Jonn,  merchant,  state  senator, 
was  born  in  1863  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  aiid  private  schools 
of  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  and  is  a  successful  grocer 
of  that  city.  He  has  been  deputy  sheriff; 
for  eight  years  was  a  member  of  the  dem- 
ocratic city  central  committee;  and  has 
filled  various  other  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Missouri 
state  senate  for  the  thirtieth  district  for 
the  term  of  1903-07. 

Sartwell,  Henry  Parker,  pliysician,  bot- 
anist, autiior,  was  born  April  1,  1792,  in 
Pittsheld,  Mass.  From  1840  he  devoted  his 
attentio)!  to  the  genus  Carex.  His  herbari- 
um of  more  than  eight  thousand  speci- 
mens is  in  Hamilton  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Carices  Americanae  Exsiccatse.  He 
died  Nov.  15,  1867,  in  Penn  Yan,  N.Y. 

Sasnett,  William  Jacob,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, was  born  April  29,  1820,  in  Han- 
cock, Ga.  In  1849-57  he  was  professor  of 
English  in -Emory  college  of  Georgia;  pres- 
ident of  Lagrange  female  college  in  1858; 
and  in  1859  became  principal  of  East  Ala- 
l)aina  college  in  Auburn.  He  died  Nov.  3, 
18Ur),  in  ^fontgomerv.  Ala. 

Sass,  George  Herbert,  author,  poet,  was 
born  Dec.  24,  1845,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  He 
contributes  verses  to  the  leading  period- 
icals; and  for  many  years  was  literary  ed- 
itor of  Sunday  News  and  Courier  of 
Charleston,  S.C.  He  is  master  in  equity  of 
Charleston  county,  S.C.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Heart's  Quest,  poems. 

Sater,  John  Elbert,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  16,  1854,  in  Hamilton  county, 
Ohio.  For  two  years  he  was  president  of 
tile  board  of  education  of  Columbus,  Ohio; 
and  since  1907  has  been  judge  of  the  United 
States  district  court  for  tlie  southern  dis- 
iiict   of    Oiiio. 

SatoUi,  Francis,  clergyman,  cardinal,  was 
born  July  21,  1831,  in  Italy.  In  1893-96 
he  was  apostolic  delegate  to  LTnited  States 
with  plenary  powers. 

Satterfield,  David  Junkin,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucatoi',  college  ])rcsident,  was  born  Oct.  16, 
1844,  in  Pulaski,  Pa.  He  received  his  edu- 
cation in  the  Princeton  college  of  New  Jer- 
sey and  the  Western  theological  seminary 
of'  Alliglieny.  Pa.  During  1873-85  he  was 
I'astor  of  the  presbyterian  cluirch  of  Beaver, 
Pa.;  and  since  1886  has  been  president  of 
the   Scotia   seminary  of  Concord,  N.C. 

Satterlee,  Francis  Le  Roy,  physician,  au- 
tiior, was  born  June  15,  1847.  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  educated  in  the  New  York 
university  and  university  medical  college. 
For  many  years  he  was  lecturcM-  on  ])hysi- 
ology  ami  hygiene  in  University  nu'dical 
college;  and  since  1869  has  been  ])rofessor 
of  chemistry,  materia  medica  and  therapcu- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


109 


tics  in  the  New  York  college  of  Dentistry, 
and  is  the  author  of  The  Treatment  of 
Erysipelas;  and  a  Treatise  on  Gout  and 
Rheumatism. 

Satterlee,  George  Reese,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  3,  1873,  in  Dobbs  Ferry, 
N.Y.  Since  1007  he  lias  been  jiathologist 
to  the  Gouverneur  and  Washington  Hciglits 
hospitals  of  New  York  City.  He  is  tlie  au- 
thor of  Outlines  of  Hunuui  Embryology. 

Satterlee,  Henry  Yates,  bisliop,  author, 
was  born  .Jan.  11,  1843.  in  New  York  City. 
In  1887  he  was  elected  bishop  coadjutor  of 
Ohio;  and  in  1889  bishop  of  JMicliigan.  He  is 
the  first  protestant  episcopal  bishop  of 
Washington,  D.C.  He  is  the  autlior  of  A 
Creedless  Gospel  and  the  Gospel  Creed; 
Christ  and  His  Church;  and  Life  Lessons 
From  the  Prayer  Book.  He  died  Feb.  22, 
1<I(I8.  ill  Washington.  D.C. 

Satterlee,  Herbert  Livingston,  lawyer, 
autiior,  was  born  Oct.  31,  1863,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  president  of  tlie  naval  reserve 
association.  He  is  the  author  of  Political 
History  of  the  Province  of  New  York. 

Satterlee,  Livingston,  soldier.  He  served 
tliroughout  the  civil  war  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  April 
3,   1!)02,  in  New  York  City. 

Satterlee,  Richard  Sherwood,  sohlicr.  sur- 
geon, was  born  Dec.  (i,  17"J8,  in  FairlieUl, 
N.Y.  He  was  United  States  medical  pur- 
veyor in  18.13-0.") :  and  in  1864  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel,  colomd,  and  brigadier- 
general.  He  became  lieutenant  colonel  and 
chief  medical  purveyor  in  1866;  and  was 
retired  in  186!).  He  died  Nov.  10,  1880,  in 
New    York    City. 

Satterlee,  Richard  Smith,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1862-65  he  served 
in  the  civil  war;  and  in  1875  was  brevetted 
lirigadier-gencral.  He  died  Nov.  10,  1880. 
Satterlee,  Walter,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Jan.  IS,  1844,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He 
became  an  asociate  in  the  national  academy 
of  design.  In  1886  he  gained  the  Clarke 
prize  at  the  academy.  Among  his  works 
are  the  oil  paintings  Contemplation,"  in 
Smith  college,  Northampton,  Mass.;  Ex- 
Irt'iiies  Meet,  and  Tiic  Convent  Composer; 
Auliimn;  (Jood-bye  Summer;  and  Fortune 
liy  Tea  Leaves.  His  pencil  has  been  fre- 
•luently  employed  in  book  illustration;  and 
lie  i-i  aUo  well  known  as  a  teaclicr. 

Satterthwaite,  Thomas  Edward,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  author,  was  born  March  "id, 
1843,  in  New  York  City.  He  filled  the  chair 
of  snrgerj'  in  the  college  of  physicians  and 
'iuigi'ons  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
antiior  of  A  Manual  of  Histology;  Practical 
Bacteriology;  and  Diseases  of  the  Heart  ami 
A  or!  a. 

Sattler,  Eric  Ericson,  i)hysician,  author, 
was  boin  Nov.  4,  18.")!).  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
He  limits  his  practice  to  diseases  of  the  c^-e, 
oar,  nose  and  throat;  and  was  one  of  the 
earliest  practicing  physicians  of  Cincinnati, 


Ohio.     He  is  the  author  of  History  of  Tu- 
berculosis. 

Sauerhering,  Edward,  pharmacist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  24,  1864,  in  May- 
vill.^.  Wis.  In  1895-99  iie  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Wisconsin  to  the  fifty-fourth  and 
fifty-fifth  congresses  as  a  republican. 

Saul,  George  W.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Oct.  16,  1858,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In 
1889-92  he  was  president  of  the  Chicago 
and  Eastern  Illinois  railroad;  and  he  has 
also  been  president  of  various  other  rail- 
road corjiorations   at  Cleveland,   Ohio. 

Saulsbury,  Gove,  governor,  was  born  in 
Delaware.  In  1865-71  he  was  the  twenty- 
fifth  governor  of  Delaware. 

Saulsbury,  Willard,  lawyer,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  June  2,  1820,  in  Kent 
county,  Del.  He  was  educated  at  the  acad- 
emy in  Denton,  Md., 
and  at  the  Delaware 
and  Dickson  colleges. 
He  completed  his  legal 
studies  at  Dover,  Del. 
and  began  the  practice 
(if  law  at  Georgetown, 
Del.  In  1850  he  was 
appointed  attorney- 
j^eneral  of  Delaware, 
liolding  tlie  ollice  five 
years.  In  1859  he  was 
elected  a  senator  in 
congress  for  the  term 
ending  in  1865;  and  was  re-elected  to  the 
senate  for  the  term  ending  in  1871.  In  1873 
he  was  appointed  chancellor  of  the  state  of 
Delaware.  He  died  April  6,  1892,  in  Dover, 
Del. 

Saulsbury,  Eli,  lawyer,  legislator.  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  was  born  Dec.  29,  1817, 
in  Kent  county,  Del.  He  was  a  member  of 
tlie  state  legislature  of  Delaware  in  1853-54; 
and  in  1871-89  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  died  :March  22.   1893,  in  Dover,  Del. 

Saulsbury,  Willard,  statesman,  lawyer, 
financier,  was  born  in  Delaware,  April  17, 
1861.  He  attended  the  university  of  Virginia. 
He  consolidated  all  AVilmington,  Del.,  street 
railways  and  electric  light  companies;  and 
( rgani/ed  the  Ecjuitable  guarantei'  and  trust 
Co.,  of  w  liich  he  is  a  director.  Since  1913  he 
has  Ix-en  I'nited  States  senator  from  Dela- 
ware. 

Saunders,  Alvin,  merchant,  banker,  gov- 
(  riior,  I'liited  States  senator,  was  born  July 
12,  1817.  in  Fleming  county,  Ky.  For  seven 
.;(ars  he  was  jtostmaster  at  Blount  Pleasant, 
Iowa.  He  was  a  state  senator  for  eight 
years;  and  was  one  of  the  commissioners 
appointed  by  congress  to  oigani/i'  the  Pa- 
cific railroad  companj'.  He  was  governor 
of  territory  of  Nebraska  in  1864-67;  and 
in  1877-83  lie  was  a  United  States  senator 
troin  Nebraska.  He  died  Nov.  1,  18!)9,  in 
Omaha.  Neb. 

Saunders,  Charles  G.,  lawyer,  chancellor, 
\\  as   born   Oct.   .3,   1847.    in    Lawrence,  Mass. 


110 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He    is    president    of    the    Harvard    musical 

association;  cliancellor  of  St.  Paul's  cathe- 
dral of  Boston;  and  president  of  Harvard 
club  at  Lawrence.  He  has  attained  promi- 
nence at  the  bar;  and  has  filled  important 
positions  in  the  protestant  episcopal  church 
in  Masachusetts. 

Saunders,  Edward  Watts,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  25,  in  1860,  in 
Franklin  county,  Va.  He  was  educated  in  the 
Bellevue  classical  school  of  Bedford  coun- 
tj^  Va.;  and  in  1882  received  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  from  the  law  department  of  the  uni- 
\ersity  of  Virginia.  In  1882  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law.  In  1887- 
I'JUl  he  was  a  member;  and  in  1899-1901  was 
speaker  of  the  house  of  the  Vii'ginia  legis- 
lature. In  1901-06  he  was  judge  of  the 
circuit  court.  In  1906  he  was  elected  to 
the  fifty-ninth  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy; 
and  in  1907-15  was  a  representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty- 
second  and  sixty-tliird  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Saunders,  Ephraim  Dod,  clergyman,  phil- 
;uitlnopist,  was  born  Sept.  30,  1808,  in 
Brookside,  N.J.  In  1871  he  gave  the  build- 
ings and  grounds  valued  at  one  hundred 
tliousand  dollars  to  found,  as  a  memorial  of 
his  son  Courtland,  the  Presbyterian  hospital, 
towards  whose  endowment  he  raised  one 
hundred  thousand  dollars  more  by  his  per- 
sonal efforts.  He  died  Sept.  13,  1872,  in 
Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Saunders,  Eugene  Davis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  July  25,  1853,  in  Campbell 
county,  Va.  He  has  been  professor  of  com- 
mon law  and  equity  at  the  Tulane  univer- 
sity; and  practices  law  in  New  Orleans,  La. 
Since  1907  he  has  been  judge  of  the  United 
States  district  court  for  the  eastern  dis- 
trict of  Louisiana.  He  is  the  author  of 
Saunders  on  Taxation;  Saunders'  Edition 
Civil  Code  of  Louisiana;  and  Notarial  and 
Judicial  Forms. 

Saunders,  Frederick,  librarian,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  14,  1807,  in  England.  He 
v/as  the  librarian  of  the  Astor  library  of 
New  York  City  in  1876-96.  He  was  the 
author  of  New  York  in  a  Nut-Shell;  Salad 
for  the  Solitary  and  Salad  for  the  Social; 
Memoirs  of  the  Great  Metropolis ;  The  Story 
of  Some  Famous  Books;  Story  of  the  Dis- 
covery of  the  New  World  by  Columbus; 
Pastime  Papers;  Stray  Leaves  of  Litera- 
ture; and  Character  Studies.  He  died  in 
1902,  in   Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Saunders,  Margaret  Marshall,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1861  in  Canada.  She 
is  the  author  of  Beautiful  Joe,  for  which 
she  received  a  prize  of  two  hundred  dolhirs 
from  the  American  humane  educational  so- 
ciety. Her  other  works  are:  Tlie  King  of 
the  Park;  For  His  Country;  For  the  Other 
Boy's  Sake,  and  Other  Sto'ries;  Nita;  Prin- 
cess Sukey;  and  Alpatok,  the  Story  of  an 
Eskimo  Dog. 


Saunders,  Ripley  Dunlap,  journalist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Dec.  17,  1856,  in  Ripley, 
I\li8s.  Since  1903  he  has  been  on  the  edi- 
torial staff  of  tlie  St.  Louis  Post-Dispatch. 
He  is  the  author  of  John  Kenadie. 

Saunders,  Robert,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Jan.  25,  1805,  in  Williams- 
burg, Va.  He  was  fourteenth  president  of 
the  William  and  Mary  college;  and  presi- 
dent of  the  York  river  railroad.  He  died 
Sept.    11,   1868,   in   Virginia. 

Saunders,  Romulus  Mitchell,  lawyer, 
jurist,  state  legishitor,  diplomat,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  3,  1791,  in  Caswell 
county,  N.C.  In  1821-27  and  1841-45  he  was 
ii  representative  from  North  Carolina  to 
the  seventeenth,  eighteenth,  nineteenth, 
twenty-seventh  and  twenty-eighth  con- 
gresses. In  1828  he  was  attorney-general 
of  tlie  state.  In  1835  he  was  elected  a 
judge  of  tlie  state  supreme  court;  and  in 
1846-50  was  minister  to  Spain.  On  his  re- 
turn was  again  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
North  Carolina;  and  afterward  devoted 
much  attention  to  the  railroad  improve- 
ments of  the  state.  He  died  April  21,  1867, 
in  Raleigh,  N.C. 

Saunders,  William  Laurence,  author,  was 
born  July  30,  1835,  in  Raleigh,  N.C.  He 
was  the  author  of  Colonial  Records  of 
North  Carolina.  He  died  April  2,  1891,  in 
Raleigh,  N.C. 

Savage,  Albert  R.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
jurist,  was  born  Dec.  8,  1847,  in  Ryegate, 
Vt.  He  was  educated  at  Lancaster,  N.H. ; 
and  in  1871  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college.  In  1881-85  he  was  county  attor- 
ney of  Androscf  jigin  county,  Maine;  and 
in  1885-89  av:;s  judge  of  probate  for  that 
county.  In  1889-91  he  was  mayor  of  Au- 
burn. Maine.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Maine  state  legislature;  the  latter 
year  was  speaker  of  the  house;  and  in 
1895-97  he  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
state  senate.  Since  1897  he  has  been  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  supreme  judicial 
court  of  Elaine. 

Savage,  Edward,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Nov.  20,  17(il,  in  Princeton.  ^lass.  He  pro- 
duced the  well  known  Family  Group  at 
Mount  Vernon.  This  was  for  a  long  time 
exhibited  in  the  museum  that  Savage  es- 
tablished in  New  York;  and  is  now  in  the 
Boston  museum.  His  portraits  of  Wash- 
ington and  Henry  Knox  were  frequently 
engraved  by  the  artist  himself  and  by  oth- 
ers. He  died  July  6,  1817,  in  Princeton, 
Mass. 

Savage,  Edward  Hartwell,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, author,  was  born  May  18,  1812,  in  Al- 
stead,  N.H.  He  was  a  Boston  policeman 
and  justice  of  the  peace.  He  is  author  of 
Boston  Police  Recollections;  and  Five 
Thousand   Boston    Events,    1630-1880. 

Savage,  Ezra  Perin,  soldier,  lawyer,  gov- 
(-rnor,  was  born  in  1842  in  Connorsvillo, 
Ind.  He  lived  in  Iowa  imtil  1879.  He  serv- 
ed in  the  civil  war  as  a  soldier  and  scout. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Ill 


ford.   X.H.     In    ISGl 


He  was  the  first  mayor  of  Omaha,  Neb. 
In  1883  he  haid  out  the  town  of  Sargent, 
Neb.;  and  served  as  a  member  of  the  Ne- 
braska state  legislature.  ]n  1901-03  he 
was  governor  of  Jsebraska.  He  is  now  en- 
gaged in  the  lumber  business  at  Eaton- 
vi!h\  Wash. 

Savage,  George  Martin,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, college  president,  was  born  Feb.  5, 
1849,  in  Tishomingo  county,  Miss.  In  1890- 
1904  and  1906-07  he  was  president  of  the 
Southwestern  bajitist  university  of  Jack- 
son, Tenn.;  and  for  thirty  years  has  been 
pastor  of  various  baptist  churches. 

Savage,  James,  lawyer,  genealogist,  au- 
thor, wa.s  born  July  13,  1784,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  best  known  as  the  author  of 
a  Genealogical  Dictionary  of  the  First  Set- 
tlers of  New  England,  upon  which  he  ex- 
pended twentv  years  of  labor.  He  died 
March   S.   1S7.'5'   in   Boston.  ]\Iass. 

Savage,  James  Woodruff,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,   was   born   Fob.   2,    182G,   in   Bed- 
he   was   commissioned 
captain    in    the   regu- 
lar army  and  assign- 
ed as  aide-de-camp    to 
the    staff    of    General 
Fremont.       He      was 
subsequently    promot- 
ed    to     major,     lieu- 
tenant-colonel,       and 
liecamo  colonel  of  the 
twelfth      New      York 
volunteer   cavalry.   In 
1867     he     moved     to 
Omaha,  Neb.;   and   in 
187.5-83  was  judge  of 
i..e   third  judicial  district.    In   1885  he  was 
rppointed  a  government  director  of  the  Un- 
ion   Pacific    raihvay    company. 

Savage,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  1779  in 
New  York.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  as.seml)ly  in  1814;  and  in  181.5-19  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  congresses.  He 
subsecjuentiy  held  the.  positions  of  district 
attorney,  eomptrolhr  of  the  state,  chief 
justice  of  the  sujireine  court  of  New  Y'ork, 
and  treasurer  of  the  United  States  for 
New  York.  He  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  184.5.  He  died  Oct.  19,  1863,  in  Utica, 
N.Y. 

Savage,  John,  journalist,  author,  jjoet, 
was  born  Dec.  13,  1828,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
a  journalist  of  New  York  City;  and  sub- 
secjuently  of  Washington.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Poems;  Picturesque  Ireland;  Lays 
of  the  Folkstead;  Modern  Revolutionary 
Hi.story  of  Ireland;  Our  Living  Representa- 
tive ^[en;  Life  of  Andrew  .Johnson;  Feni- 
an Heroes  and  Martyrs;  Sibyl,  a  tragedy; 
and  several  other  plays.  He  died  Dec.  13, 
1828,  in  Dublin.  Ireland. 

Savage,  John  Houston,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  9.  18l;5.  iii  Mc- 
^linnville,  Tenn.    He  was  promoted  to  lieii- 


f!wy«^  j^iwj' 


tenant-colonel  in  the  Mexican  war.  He  was 
attornej'-general  of  the  fourth  district  of 
Tennessee  in  1841-47.  In  1849-53  and  1855- 
59  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thirty- 
Ihst,  thirty-second,  t..irty-fourth  and  thir- 
ty-fifth congresses.  In  1861-63  he  command- 
ed the  sixteentli  Tennessee  infantry.  He 
was  subsequently  elected  several  times  to 
the  state   legislature   of   Tennessee. 

Savage,  Minot  Judson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, puet,  was  born  June  10,  1841,  in  Nor- 
ridgewock,  Maine.  He  has  been  a  congrega- 
tional missionary  in 
California;  has  been 
pastor  of  tiie  several 
prominent  churches; 
and  in  1874-96  was 
pastor  of  the  church 
of  the  Unity  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  is  the 
author  of  Christiani- 
ty the  Science  of 
Mankind;  B  e  1  iefs 
About  Man ;  Belief 
in  God;  Life  Ques- 
tions; Poems;  The 
Religion  of  Evolution;  The  Religion  of 
iMorals;  Talks  About  Jesus;  The  Modern 
Sphinx;  Man,  Woman  and  Child;  Social 
Problems;  My  Creed;  Religious  Recon- 
struction; Signs  of  the  Times;  Helps  for 
Daily  Living;  Four  Great  Questions  Con- 
cerning God;  The  Evolution  of  Christian- 
ity; Is  This  a  Good  World?;  Jesus  and 
Modern  Life;  A  Man;  Light  on  the  Cloud; 
Bluffton,  a  novel;  The  Minister's  Hand- 
book;  and  Life's  Dark  Problems. 

Savage,  John  Simpson,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Oct.  30,  1841,  in  Clermont 
county,  Ohio.  In  1875-77  he  was  ?  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  forty-fourth 
congress. 

Savage,  Philip  Henry,  author,  poet,  was 
born  ill  1868  in  Massachusetts.  He  was 
the  author  of  First  l^oems  and  Fragments; 
and  a  second  volume  of  Poems.  He  died 
in    1S99   in   Boston,  ifass. 

Savage,  Richard  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
di|tIomat,  author,  poet,  was  born  June' 12, 
3846,  in  Utica,  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of 
My  Official  Wife;  For  Life  and  Love;  A 
Daughter  of  .Judas;  The  Anarchist;  Delilah 
of  Harlem;  In  the  Old  Chateau;  The  Lit- 
tle Judge  of  Lagunitas;  The  Masked  Ve- 
nus; The  Flying  Halcyon;  Miss  Dever- 
eux  of  the  Mariquita;  and  After  Many 
Years,  and  Otlnr  Poems.  He  died  Oct.  li, 
1903.  in  New  York  City. 

Savidge,  Eugene  Coleman,  physician,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1S(»3,  in' Maryland. 
He  is  gynecologist  on  the  staff  of  the 
Roosevelt  hosjiital  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Wallingford;  (Jallery  of 
PIminent  Men;  The  American  in  Paris; 
rnd  The  Life  and  Times  of  Bnwster. 

Savidge,  Frank  Raymond,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  22,  1866,  in  llancock. 
Mil.    TFe    is   soIi<ifnr   of   numerous   corpora- 


112 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


tions,  municiiDal  and  otliei's,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Law  of  Bor- 
cughs  in  Pennsylvania;  and  Cor2)orations 
in   Pennsylvania. 

Savitz,  Jerohn  Joseph,  educator,  was 
born  Jan.  1,  ISCiG,  in  Easton,  Pa.  He  at- 
tended the  Kutztown  normal  school,  Fay- 
ttte  college  for  tliree  years,  and  took  a 
course  at  the  Illinois  wesleyan  university, 
and  at  Wooster,  Ohio.  Since  1882  he  has 
been  engaged  in  educational  work,  and 
for  the  past  seven  years  has  been  super- 
vising principal  of  schools  of  Slatington, 
Pa.  He  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  from 
Ursinus  university   in   1893. 

Savory,  George  Washington,  clergyman, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  March  29,  1856, 
in  Warner,  N.H.  Since  1893  he  has  been 
engaged  in  lecturing  and  evangelistic  work 
with  the  stereopticon.  He  is  the  author  of 
Marriage,  Its  Science,  and  Ethics,  or  Love's 
Consummation. 

Sawin,  Theophilus  Parsons,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  14,  1841,  in  Lynn, 
Mass.  In  1888-1906  he  was  pastor  of  the 
first  presbyterian  church  of  Troy,  N.Y. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Transfiguring 
of  the  Cross;  and  Liberty  in  the  Presbyte- 
rian Church.  He  died  Nov.  13,  1906,  in 
Troy,  N.Y. 

Sawtelle,  Charles  Greene,  soldier,  was 
born  May  10,  1834,  in  Norridgewock,  Maine. 
In  1804  he  was  in  charge  of  steam  trans- 
portation in  tlie  department  of  the  gulf; 
and  was  chief  quartermaster  in  tlie  military 
division  of  west  Mississippi  in  1864-65.  He 
was  quartermaster-general  in  Washington; 
and  retired  in  1897  witli  the  rank  of  brig- 
adier-general. 

Sawtelle,  CuUen,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Norridgewock, 
Maine.  He  served  eight  years  as  register 
of  pi-obate ;  and  was  a  state  senator  in 
1843-44.  In  1845-47  and  1849-51  he  was  a 
representative  from  Maine  to  the  twenty- 
nintli  and  thirty-first  congresses.  He  died  in 
]\Iaine. 

Sawtelle,  Henry  Allen,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1832,  in  Sidney, 
Maine.  He  was  a  baptist  clergyman  of 
San  Francisco  and  elsewhere.  He  was  the 
author  of  Open  Communion ;  and  Things 
to  Think  Of.  He  died  Nov.  22,  1885,  in 
Waterville,  Maine. 

Sawtelle,  LeUa  Robinson,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  July  23,  1850,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
She  was  the  autlior  of  Law  Made  Easy; 
and  tlie  Law  of  Husband  and  Wife.  She 
died  Aug.   10.  1891,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sawyer,  Andrew  J.,  educator,  lawyer, 
statesman,  was  born  Nov.  18,  1834,  in  Car- 
oline, N.Y.  He  received  an  academical  ed- 
ucation; and  for  seven  years  was  engaged 
in  ediicationnl  work.  He  removed  to  Mich- 
igan in  1857;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1S60;  and  since  that  time  has  been  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Ann 
Arbor.  He  was  a  representative  of  the 
Micliigan     state     legislature     in      1877-79; 


served  a  second  terra  in  1897-98;  and  was  a 
member  on  several  important  committees. 
He  still  practices  law  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mic!:. 
Sawyer,  Mrs.  Caroline  Mehetabel,  litter- 
ateur, author,  was  born  Dec.  8,  1812,  in 
Newton,  Mass.  For  many  years  she  was 
editor  of  The  Ladies'  Repository.  She  was 
tlie  author  of  The  Poetry  of  Hebrew  Tra- 
dition. She  died  Mav  19,  1894,  in  Cottage 
Hill,  Mass. 

Sawyer,  Charles  Henry,  manufacturer, 
legislator,  governor,  was  born  March  30, 
1840.  in  ^^'atertown,  N.Y.  He  was  a  wool- 
en manufacturer  of  Dover,  N.H.  In  1869- 
70  and  1876-77  he  was  a  member  of  the 
New  Hampsliire  state  legislature.  In  1884 
lie  was  a  delegate  to  the  national  repub- 
lican convention.  In  1887-89  he  was  gov- 
ernor of  New  Hampshire.  He  died  in  1908 
in  Dover,  N.H. 

Sawyer,  Claude  Epaminondas,  soldier, 
lawyer,  legislator,  was  born  Aug.  24,  1851, 
at  Sawyers  Mills,  S.C.  For  four  years  he 
served  as  a  member  of  tlie  South  Carolina 
legislature;  was  presidential  elector  in 
1888:  and  has  filled  various  other  public 
positions  of  honor.  He  was  a  member  of 
tliis  historic  Wallace  house  in  1876,  and 
took  a  prominent  part  in  behalf  of  peace 
in  quelling  the  riots  of  1876.  He  was  sub- 
pe(juently  a  colonel  on  Wade  Hampton's 
stafi",  and  on  the  stalfs  of  several  suc- 
ceeding governors.  While  a  member  of  tlie 
legislature  he  took  an  important  part  in 
tlie  deliberations  of  that  body.  For  many 
J  ears  lie  Avas  official  reporter  and  state's 
attorney  of  the  second  judicial  circuit;  is 
the  editor  of  a  monthly  magazine;  grand- 
master of  masons,  two  terms;  captain  in 
the  Spanish-American  war  in  the  first  South 
Carolina  regiment;  and  captain  of  the 
thirty-eightli  infantry  United  States  vol- 
unteers in  the  Philippines.  In  1901  resum- 
ed his  practice  of  law  at  Aiken,  S.C.  In 
1904  he  was  a  member  of  the  National 
di'inocratic  convention.  He  is  one  of  the 
leaders    in    the    prohibition    campaign. 

Sawyer,  Edward,  civil  engineer,  was  born 
June  24,  1828,  in  Warner,  N.H.  In  1849  he 
was  head  draughtsman  of  tlie  Amoskeag 
macliine  shop;  and  in  1851  became  engaged 
as   surveyor   of   railroads. 

Sawyer,  Elbert  H.,  soldier,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, college  president,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  18,  1843,  in  Milford,  Mich.  He.  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  public  schools, 
Fenton  seminary,  Kalamazoo  college,  the 
La  Grange  college  of  Missouri,  and  the 
Tlieological  seminary  of  Chicago.  For  a 
quarter  of  a  century  he  has  been  a  cler- 
gyman ;  for  ten  years  a  college  professor 
and  president;  for  four  years  was  president 
of  the  Baptist  convention  of  Colorado;  in 
1889  was  president  of  the  baptist  ministers' 
conference  at  St.  Louis;  and  now  resides 
in  Kirkwood,  I\Io.  During  the  civil  war  he 
served  as  a  ])rivate  soldier  in  tlie  eightli 
r(\giment  Michigan  volunteer  infantry;   Avas 


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113 


wouiult'd  by  slivU  in  his  lijilit  liand  at  An- 
tietam;  and  was  conspicuous  in  the  charge 
of  the  slope  and  in  i)iotecting  regimental 
colors. 

Sawyer,  Franklin,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ohio.  In  ISiil  he  was  captain  in  the  eighth 
regiment  Ohio  infantry;  and  in  LSCm  was 
brevctted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  Aug.  22,  lS!t2. 

Sawyer,  Frederick  Adolphus,  educator, 
liiited  States  senator,  was  born  Dec.  12. 
1822.  in  Jioston,  Mass.  In  18.39  he  went  to 
Cliarleston,  S.C.;  and  had  charge  of  the 
normal  school  there  until  1861.  In  1867-73 
he  was  United  States  senator  from  South 
Carolina;  and  was  subsecpiently  ai^pointed 
assistant  secretary  of  tlie  treasury.  He 
died  duly  31.    ISHl.   in   Sewanee,  Tenn. 

Sawyer,  Frederick  William,  lawyer,  au- 
t.-or,  was  born  April  22.  1810,  in  Saco, 
Maine.  In  1838  he  moved  to  Boston.  i\lass.; 
began  to  practice  law  in  1840;  and  estab- 
lished the  Pawner's  bank.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Merchant's  and  Shipmaster's  Guide; 
Plea  for  Amusements:  and  Hits  at  Amer- 
ican Whims.  He  died  in  187-')  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Sawyer,  H.  B.,  governor.  In  1837-3!)  he 
^^■as  tlie  t  liirtv-nint  li  g()vern(n'  of  New 
Ham))shire. 

Sawyer,  Horace  Bucklin,  naval  olTicer, 
was  born  Feb.  22.  1707.  in  Burlington,  Vt. 
in  ISoCi  tiie  legislature  of  Vermont  gave 
I  im  a  handsome  sword  for  his  services  in 
the  second  war  with  Great  Britain.  He 
died   Feb.    14.    ISCO.   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Sawyer,  John  Gilbert,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  5,  1825,  in  Bran- 
don. \'t.  He  was  a  justice  of  the  peace  in 
Albion  in  1852-58;  was  district  attorney 
of  Orleans  county  in  1863-66;  and  was 
judge  and  surrogate  of  Oileans  county  in 
1868-84.  In  1885-01  he  was  a  representativi" 
from  X'ermont  to  the  forty-ninth,  liftieth 
and  fifty-lirst  congresses  as  a  republican. 
He  died' Sept.  5.   1808.  in   Albicm,  X.Y. 

Sawyer,  John  T.,  clergyman,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  4,  1843.  in  Ann  Ar- 
bor. Mich.  In  1873  he  was  ordained  to  the 
ministry;  and  in  "1874  became  a  nu-mber 
of  the  Louisiana  confei'cnce  of  the  metho- 
dist  episcopal  chuich  south.  He  was  the 
editor  of  the  Christian  Advocate  of  New 
Orleans.  La.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
World   in   the  Church. 

Sawyer,  Joseph  Henry,  educator,  was 
born  May  20.  1S42.  in  Davenport,  N.V.  In 
!S(i5  he  received  the  degree  of  A.B.  from 
Amherst  college;  in  1S()8  re.-eived  the  de- 
jree  of  A..M.  from  that  institution:  and  in 
1002  received  the  honorary  degree  of  L.I). 
For  one  year  lie  taught  in  Monson  acade- 
my of  Massachusetts;  in  1866-84  was  a 
teacher  of  mathematicH;  in  1884-86  was 
acting  principal:  and  since  1806  has  been 
principal  if  the  Williston  seminary  of  Fast 
Hampton.  Mass.;  and  since  1806  has  bei-n 
a  trustee  of  that  institution.  He  is  a  trus- 
tee   of    the    American    international    college 


of  Springfield,  Alass.;  is  a  member  of  the 
American  pliilological  association;  a  mem- 
ber of  th.'  National  geograpliical  socii'ty; 
a  member  of  the  American  academy  of  po- 
litical and  social  science;  and  a  member 
of  several  fraternities. 

Sawyer,  Josephine  Caroline,  writer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  5,  1878,  in  W'atertown, 
X.Y.  She  is  the  author  of  Every  Inch  a 
King. 

Sawyer,  Leicester  Ambrose,  educator, 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  July  28,  1807, 
in  Pinckney,  N.V.  He  was  pastor  of  vari- 
ous churches  in  New  York  and  Connecticut; 
and  in  1842-47  was  president  of  Central 
(ollege,  Ohio.  He  was  the  author  of  Ele- 
ments of  Biblical  Interpretation;  Mental 
Philoso])hy;  Moral  Philosophy;  A  Critical 
I'^xposition  of  Baptism;  Organic  Christi- 
anity; and  Reconstruction  of  Bible  Theo- 
ries. He  made  a  translation  of  the  Scrip- 
tures, of  which  the  New  Testament  was 
published.  He  died  Dec.  29,  1898,  in  Whites- 
borougli,  N.Y. 

Sawyer,  Lemuel,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  in  1777  in 
North  Carolina.  He  was  in  the  North  Car- 
olina state  legislature  in  1801;  and  in  1807- 
13,  1817-23  and  1825-20  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Nortli  Carolina  to  the  tentli, 
eleventh,  twelfth,  fifteenth,  sixteenth,  sev- 
enteenth, nineteenth  and  twentieth  con- 
gresses. About  1850  he  moved  to  Wash- 
ington, and  held  a  clerkship  in  one  of  the 
departments.  He  Avas  the  author  of  Life 
of  John  Randolph;  and  an  Autobiography. 
He  died  Jan.  0,   1852,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Sawyer,  Lorenzo,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
May  23,  1820,  in  Le  Roy,  N.Y.  In  1854 
he  was  elected  attornej^  for  San  Francisco; 
and  was  afterward  appointed  judge  of  the 
district  court  for  the  state.  In  1863  he 
was  elected  one  of  the  justices  of  the  su- 
prerie  court  of  the  state;  was  chief  jus- 
tice in  1868-70;  and  in  1870-92  was  United 
States  circuit  judge  for  the  ninth  circuit. 
He  vlied  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Sawyer,  Lucy  Sargent,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, was  born  April  3,  1840,  in  Belfast, 
]\[aine.  Her  whole  life  has  been  spent  in 
mission  work;  and  in  1882  she  was  elected 
presiib'nt  of  the  Woman's  Home  Mission- 
ary  society. 

Sawyer,  Moses  Havens,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  6,  1827,  in  Mystic,  Conn. 
In  18S6  he  was  ajijiointed  United  States 
consul  at  Trinidad  and  Tobago.  He  is  the 
author  of  Lieutenant  Colburn;  History  of 
Annexation  of  Tobago;  Judicature;  Mort- 
gages; Desertion  of  Seamen,  Immigration 
;:n<l   Ornitliology. 

Sawyer,  Samuel  L.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  27,  1813,  in 
Mount  N'ernon.  N.H.  He  moved  to  Mis- 
souri in  is;{8:  and  was  circuit  attorney  in 
1848-56.  He  was  eh-cti'ii  a  circuit  juilge  in 
1871.  and  re-elected  in  1874.  In  1870-81  he 
was  a    rejiresenfative   from   Missouri   to  the 


114 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


forty-sixth    congress.     He    died    March    29, 
1890,    in    Independence,    Mo. 

Sawyer,  Philetus,  mercliant,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman.  United  States  senator, 
was   born    Sept.   22,   1816,   in   Whiting,   Vt. 

He  was  elected  to  the 
legislature  of  Wis- 
consin in  1857  and 
1861;  and  in  1863-64 
was'  mayor    of    Osh- 

tWW  f^S     1^     kosh.     In    1865-75    he 
\^^     ''       'fm     was    a   representative 
.  ?*     C  'ifl     from      Wisconsin      to 

the  thirty-ninth,  for- 
tieth, fortj^-first,  for- 
ty-second and  forty- 
third  congresses.  In 
1881-93  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator 
from  Wisconsin.  In  1896  he  was  chairman 
of  the  rejiublican  convention  at  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  that  nominated  William  McKinley  for 
president  of  tlie  United  States.  He  died 
iAlarcli  29,  1900,  in  Oshkosh,  Wis. 

Sawyer,  Samuel  T.,  journalist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1800  in  Cliowan  county, 
N.C.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  twenty-fifth 
congress.  He  was  appointed  collector  of 
customs  at  Norfolk,  Va.;  and  was  subse- 
quently editor  of  the  Norfolk  Argus.  He 
died  Nov.  29,   1865,  in  New  Jersey. 

Sawyer,  Sylvanus,  inventor,  was  born 
April  15,  1822,  in  Templeton,  Mass.  His 
inventions  have  entirely  revolutionized  the 
chair-cane  business;  and  in  1853  he  in- 
vented improvements  in  rifle  and  cannon 
projectiles.  He  died  Oct.  25,  1895,  in  Tem- 
jilcton,  Mass. 

Sawyer,  Thomas  Jefferson,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Jan.  9,  1804,  in 
Reading,  Vt.  In  1869  he  became  a  profes- 
sor of  theology  at  Tufts  college;  and  be- 
came dean.  He  was  the  author  of  Doctrine 
of  Eternal  Salvation ;  Who  Is  God  ? ;  and 
Endless  Punishment  in  the  Very  Words  of 
Its  Advocates.  He  died  July  24,  1899,  in 
Medford,   Mass. 

Sawyer,  Wesley  Caleb,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  26,  1839,  in  Harvard,  Mass. 
He    was    educated    in   the    country    schools. 

In  1854-55  he  was  a 
student  at  Wilbra- 
ham  academy.  I  n 
1855-56  studied  in 
Claberack  seminary 
of  New  York;  in 
1856-57  he  was  at  the 
Lawrence  academy  of 
Groton,  Mass.;  and 
graduated  from  Har- 
vard \iniversity  with 
the  degrees  of  A.B. 
and  A.M.  In  1861  he 
was  engaged  in  re- 
cruiting service  with  General  Henry  Wil- 
son; and  was  commissioned  captain  of  the 
twenty-third  regiment  Massachusetts  vol- 
unteer   infantry.     In    1862    he    engaged    in 


the  battle  of  Roanoke  Island;  in  1862  or- 
ganized and  drilled  the  fifty-third  Massa- 
chusets  infantry  at  Groton  Junction,  Mass.; 
and  the  same  year  was  honorably  dis- 
charged from  volunteer  service.  In  1888- 
95  he  was  professor,  vice-president,  acting 
president  and  dean  of  the  university  of 
the  Pacific;  in  1895-98  he  was  master  in 
French  and  German  in  Belmont  school; 
in  1901-03  he  was  a  lecturer  on  Teutonic 
mythology  in  the  university  of  the  Pa- 
cific; and  since  1903  has  been  professor  of 
French  and  German  in  that  institution. 
He  is  the  author  of  Practical  German 
(Grammar;  Complete  German  Manual;  and 
Teutonic  Legions  in  the  Nibelugen  Lic-d  and 
Nibelugen   Ring. 

Sawyer,  Walter  Leon,  journalist,  author, 
was  burn  Oct.  23,  1862,  in  Cumberland, 
Maine.  Since  1892  he  has  been  assistant 
editor  of  Youth's  Companion  of  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  An  Outland 
Journey;    and  A  Local  Habitation. 

Sawyer,  Willard  S.,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  Sept.  4,  1860,  in  New  Y^ork  City. 
He  is  a  teacher  of  tlie  piano  and  violin 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  Saw- 
yer's  Piano  Student's  Practice  Records. 

Sawyer,  William,  congressman,  was  born 
in  St.  Marys,  Ohio.  In  1845-59  he  was  a 
representative  from  Ohio  to  the  twenty- 
7iintli  and  thirtieth  congresses.  He  died  in 
Ohio. 

Sawyers,  John  Lazalle,  bank  president, 
was  born  in  July,  1856,  in  Unionville,  Io- 
wa. He  is  prominently  identified  with  the 
business  and  public  afi'airs  of  Centerville, 
Iowa,  and  has  filled  various  positions  of 
trust  and  honor.  He  is  president  of  the 
Centerville  National  bank;  vice-president 
of  the  Centerville  Savings  bank;  vice- 
])resident  of  the  Southern  Iowa  trac- 
tion company;  and  is  also  identified  with 
\arious  other  industrial  and  financial  busi- 
ness enterprises. 

Saxe,  Jacob  Bradford,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  Nov.  10,  1819,  in 
Greenfield,  N.Y.  Since  1843  he  has  been  a 
successful  clergyman  of  the  universalist 
church;  and  now  fills  a  pastorate  in  Fort 
Scott,  Kan.  He-is  the  author  of  a  volume 
entitled  The  Organic  Laws. 

Saxton,  Charles  Terry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
lieutenant-governor,  was  born  -Luly  2,  1846, 
in  Clyde,  N.Y.  He  enlisted  during  the  civil 
war  in  the  nineteenth  New  York  infantry, 
and  mustered  out  as  sergeant-major;  and 
has  held  high  office  in  the  Grand  army  of 
the  republic.  In  1867  he  was  admitted  to 
tlie  bar,  anu  after  practicing  his  profes- 
sion for  awhile  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  he 
opened  an  office  in  his  native  city,  where 
he  has  acquired  prominence  as  a  counsel 
learned  in  the  law.  In  1887-89  he  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  state  assembly; 
a  state  senator  in  1890-94;  and  was  inau- 
gurated lieutenant-governor  of  liis  state  on 
Jan.  1,  1895.  He  introduced  the  Australian 
ballot    system    in    New    York;    in    1894    he 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBUARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


115 


appointtd  tlie  Lexow  committee;  and  lias 
always  taken  an  active  part  in  reform  leg- 
islation, lie  received  the  degree  of  doctor 
of  laws  from  the  Ihiion  university,  and  in 
1S92  was  elected  chancellor  of  that  institu- 
tion. In  1898  he  became  presiding  judge 
of  the  New  York  state  court  of  claims  for 
a  term  of  six  years.  In  1000  he  was  a 
didegate  to  the  republican  national  con- 
vention. He  was  a  fluent  and  forcible  writer; 
and  contributed  to  the  North  Anu'riean 
Ki'view  and  other  current  publications.  He 
died    in    I'.m.S    in   C\\<\v.  N.Y. 

Saxe,  John  Godfrey,  lawyer,  journalist, 
poet,  was  born  June  2,  1816,  in  Highgate, 
\t.    Ill'  was  educated  in  New  England.    He 

was  a  lawyer  and 
journalist  of  ^'l■r- 
niunt,  and  subse- 
quently of  New 
York ;  and  widely 
known  as  a  liumor- 
ous  poet.  He  was 
the  author  of  Prog- 
ress; A  New  Rape 
of  the  Lock;  The 
Proud  Miss  McBride; 
The  Money  King; 
Clever  Songs  of  Many 
Nations;  The  Mas- 
ilUfradf,  Leisure  Day  Rhymes;  and  Fa- 
Idcs  and  Lvrics  in  Rhyme.  He  died  Marcli 
:n,    18S7.   in    Albany,  N.Y. 

Saxton,  Joseph,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  ^larch  22,  1799,  in  Huntington 
county.  Pa.  He  made  the  clock  which  still 
marks  the  time  from  the  belfrj'  of  Inde- 
pi-ndence  hall  in  Philadelphia,  when  he  was 
but  eighteen;  and  subsequently  added  many 
ingenious  devices  to  science.  He  was .  one 
of  tiie  original  incorporators  of  the  Na- 
tional academy  of  science.  He  died  Oct. 
2(i.   187:},  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Saxton,  Rufus,  soldier,  was  born  Oct. 
l!>.  1S24.  in  (ireenfield,  j\Iass.  He  served 
t!irf)Ugh  the  civil  war  as  brigadier-general; 
and  in  18(55  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral in  the  United  States  army  and  major- 
general  United  States  volunteers.  In  1882 
lie  was  |)ronu)ted  to  coloncd  and  assistant 
quartermaster-general.  In  18G2  he  received 
the  congressional  medal  of  honor;  and  in 
lS(i:i-(;()  was  military  governor  of  the  de- 
partment of  the  south.  He  retired  from 
the  army  in  18S8.  H<-  di.'d  Feb.  2:5.  1908. 
in   Washington.  D.C. 

Saxton,  Townsend,  inventor,  was  horn  in 
I7.!n.  lie  invented  one  of  the  first  bicycles 
ever  used  in  .Vmerica.  He  later  invented 
the  first  folding  bed.  He  died  Jan.  Hi.  1901. 
in    Habylon.  N.Y. 

Say,  Benjamin,  i)hysician.  congressman, 
was  born  in  17.">t'i  in  Philadelpiiia,  Pa.  In 
1787  he  was  a  founder  of  the  College  of 
physicians  of  Philadelphia;  and  treasurer 
in  1791-1809.  In  1807-11  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  tenth 
and  (di'venth  congresses.  He  died  .\])ril  .3. 
\HVA.   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Say,  Thomas,  zoologist,  author,  was  born 
July  27,  1787,  in  Philadcdphia,  Pa.  He 
was    the    first   curator   of    the    Philadelphia 

academy  of  natural 
sciences.  In  182o  he 
removed  to  New 
Harmony,  Ind.;  and 
was  the  agent  of  the 
Owen  socialist  col- 
ony there.  He  was 
the  author  of  Yo- 
cabularies  of  Indian 
languages;  American 
Conchology ;  and 

American  Entomol- 
ogy. His  Complete 
Writings  on  Conchol- 
ogy have  been  edited  by  Binney.  and  those 
on  Entomology  by  Le  Conte.  He  died  Oct. 
10,  1834.  in  New  Harmony,  Ind. 

Say,  Thomas,  merchant,  founder,  was 
born  Dec.  10,  1709,  in  Philadtdpiiia,  Pa.  He 
Helped  to  found  the  Pennsylvania  hospital; 
and  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  House 
of  employment.  He  died  in  17!>()  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Sayers,  Joseph  Draper,  soldier,  lawyer, 
(ongressman,  governor,  was  born  Sept.  23. 
1841,  in  Grenada,  Miss.  In  1861-65  he  serv- 
___^-_.,_^  ed  in   the  confederate 


^  'Tf 


\ 


states  army;  and  in 
1866  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law. 
He  served  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Texas 
state  senate  in  the 
session  of  1873;  and 
was  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  Texas  in 
1879-80.  In  188.')-98 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Texas  to 
tiie  forty-ninth,  fif- 
tieth, fifty-lirst.  fifty-second,  fifty-third, 
fifty-fourth  and  lifty-fifth  congresses  as  a 
democrat;  and  in  1889-1903  was  governor 
of   Texas. 

Sayle,  William,  colonial  governor.  In 
1670-71  he  was  colonial  governor  of  South 
Carolina. 

Sayler,  Henry  B.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  31.  1836,  in 
Montgonu-ry  county.  Ohio.  He  enlisted  in 
the  army  as  lieutenant;  and  was  promot- 
ed to  major  of  the  one  humlred  ami  eigh- 
teenth Indiana  infantry.  In  1873-7.")  he  was 
a  rejiresentative  from  Indiana  to  the  for- 
ty-third congress  as  a  rei)ublican.  lie  died 
June   18,  litOO,  in   Huntington.  Ind. 

Sayler,  James  Knox  Polk,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  Imuii  dune  21,  1839.  in  Konu'o, 
leiin.  In  lS92-!t8  he  was  president  of  Ott- 
way  college:  in  1878-97  taught  school  in 
the  (h-een  county  normal  institute;  and  in 
1879-83  i)residi'nt  of  the  Green  county 
teachers'  association.  He  is  the  author  of 
Memory;  and  United  States  Goverinnent, 
Its    .Vdministration. 


IIG 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Sayler,  Joseph  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  9,  1846,  in  Farmington, 
111.  He  served  during  the  civil  war  as  a 
private  soldier  in  the  sixty-first  and  eighty- 
third  regiments  Illinois  volunteer  infantry. 
He  is  an  able  lawyer  of  Marysville,  Mo., 
of  which  city  he  has  served  as  mayor  for 
three  terms.  He  is  now  probate  judge  of 
his  county. 

Sayler,  Milton,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  4,  1831,  in 
Lewisburg,  Ohio.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Oliio  state  legislature  in  1862-63;  and  of 
the  city  councils  in  1864-6.5.  In  1873-81  he 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  for- 
ty-third, forty-fourth,  forty-fifth  and  forty- 
srxth  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Sayles,  Frederick  Clark,  manufacturer, 
was  born  July  17,  183.5.  He  became  the 
partner  of  his  brother  in  1863;  and  was 
an  active  co-laborer  witli  him  in  the  de- 
velopment of  the  Moshassuck  bleaehery  and 
nearly  all  the  otlier  milling  enterprises  con- 
trolled by  tlie  iSayles  family.  He  has  serv- 
ed as  mayor  of  Pawtucket,  R.I. 

Sayles,  John,  educator,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  ^larch  9,  182.5,  in  Vernon, 
N.Y.  He  was  professor  in  Baylor  univer- 
sity in  1880-97.  He  was  the  author  of 
Practice  in  the  District  and  Supreme 
Courts  of  Texas;  Civil  Jurisdiction  of  Jus- 
tices of  the  Peace  in  the  State  of  Texas; 
Principles  of  Pleading  in  Civil  Actions  in 
the  Courts  of  Texas;  Probate  Laws  of  Tex- 
as; Laws  of  Business;  Constitution  of  Tex- 
as, with  Notes;  and  Notes  on  Texan  Re- 
ports.   He  died  May  22,  1897,  in  Texas. 

Sayre,  David  Austen,  merchant,  banker, 
philantliropist,  was  born  March  12,  1793, 
in  Bottle  Hill,  N.J.  He  removed  in  early 
life  to  Lexington,  where  he  became  a  suc- 
cessful merchant  and  banker.  He  gave 
about  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  to  be- 
nevolent objects  during-  his  lifetime,  includ- 
ing one  hundred  thousand  dollars  to  found 
the  Sayre  institute.  He  died  Sept.  11,  1870, 
in   Lexington,  Ky. 

Sayre,  Emilius  Kitchell,  educator,  law- 
yer, jurist,  was  born  March  20,  1810,  in 
Battle  Hill,  N.J.    He   attended   the   schools 

of  Elizabetlitown,  N. 
J.;  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.B.  from 
Amherst  college  in 
1826,  and  the  degree 
of  A.M.  in  1831  from 
the  same  institution; 
and  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  from  the 
Transylvania  college 
in  1833.  In  1828-31 
he  was  a  professor  in 
the  Washington  insti- 
tute. New  York;  dur- 
ing 1833-02  was  a  lawyer  in  Lexington,  Ky.; 
and  was  a  farmer  in  Missouri.  In  1861-63 
he  was  a  member  of  the  ]\Iissouri  state 
constitutional    convention;    and    filled    vari- 


ous otlier  public  positions  of  honor  in  Lew- 
is county  and  the  state  of  Missouri.  He 
died   in  Lewis  county,  Mo. 

Sayre,  Ira  T.,  lawyer,  banker,  statesman, 
was  born  March  6,  1858,  in  Hector,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  the  common  schools,  at 
agricultural  college  of  Lansing,  and  at  the 
university  of  Michigan.  He  is  a  success- 
ful lawyer  of  Flushing,  Mich.;  has  been  a 
justice  of  the  peace  and  village  president; 
and  has  filled  various  other  public  positions 
of  honor.  In  1898-1901  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Michigan  state  senate;  and  in  1901- 
()()  was  a  member  of  the  state  tax  commis- 
sion and  board  of  railway  assessors  of 
Micliigan.  Since  then  he  has  been  engaged 
in   banking  and  lumbering. 

Sayre,  Lewis  Albert,  educator,  physician, 
suigeon.  autlior,  was  born  Feb.  29,  1820,  in 
Bottlehill,  N.J.   He  was  educated  at  a  local 
.„  academy;  at  an  acad- 

emy at  Deckertown. 
N.J. ;  at  the  Transyl- 
vania universitj',  and 
at  a  college  of  physi- 
sicians  and  surgeons 
in  New  York  City.  In 
1842-52  he  was  pro- 
sector to  the  profes- 
sor of  surgery  in  the 
latter  college.  He  is 
a  distinguished  sur- 
geon of  New  Y^ork 
City,  and  professor  of 
in  Bellevue  hospital 
author  of  a  Practical 
IManual  of  the  Treatment  of  Club-Foot; 
Lectures  on  Orthopaedic  Surgery;  and  Spi- 
nal Curvature  and  Its  Treatment.  He  died 
in   1900  in  New  York  City. 

Sayre,  Lucius  Elmer,  pharmacist,  author, 
was  born  in  1847  in  Bridgeton,  N.J.  Since 
1885  he  has  been  dean  of  the  department 
of  pharmacy  in  the  university  of  Kansas. 
He  is  the  autlior  of  Chart  of  Materia  ^led- 
ica;  Essentials  of  Pharmacy;  and  Organic 
Materia    Medica    and    Pharmacognosy. 

Sayre,  Reginald  Hall,  pliysician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Oct.  18,  1859,  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  a  successful  physician  of  New  York 
City;  and  was  president  of  the  American 
orthopsedic  association.  He  is  the  author 
01  Immediate  Reduction  of  Deformity  Af- 
ter Tenotomy;    and  other  medical  works. 

Sayre,  Stephen,  patriot,  was  born  in  1734 
on  Long  Island,  N.Y.  He  was  employed  by 
Benjamin  Franklin  on  some  important  mis- 
sions; was  his  private  secretary  for  a  peri- 
od: and  went  to  Copenhagen,  Stockholm, 
and  St.  Petersburg,  and  received  ample 
supplies  to  support  the  cause  of  the  inde- 
pendence of  the  LTnited  States.  In  1795  he 
was  an  active  opponent  of  Washington's 
administration.  He  died  Se])t.  27,  1818,  in 
Virginia. 

Sayre,  Theodore  Burt,  playwright,  dra- 
matic critic,  author,  was  boin  Dec.  18.  1874, 
in  New  York  City.    He  is  a  critic  and  read- 


orthopsedic    surgery 
college.     He    is    the 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Hi 


tr  for  Charles  Frolinian.  He  is  the  author 
of  Two  Suniiner  Girls:  Tom  Moore:  Two 
Rogues  and  a  Romance;  A  Classical  Cow- 
boy:  and   .Manon   Lcscaut. 

Sayres,  Edward  Stalker,  soldier,  lawyer, 
financier,  was  born  luly  30.  IS.IO,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  In  1872-73  he  was  record«'r  of 
the  law  academy  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
has  been  first  lieutenant  of  company  D, 
first  regiment  infantry  Pennsylvania  na- 
tional guard;  and  served  in  the  labor  riots 
in  1S7.")  and  1877,  resigning  liis  commission 
in  1880.  He  has  attained  eminence  as  a 
lawyer:  has  been  a  director  in  the  Mer- 
chants trust  company;  treasurer  of  the 
Pennsylvania  civil  service  reform  associa- 
tion; recording  secretary  of  the  genealog- 
ical society  of  Pennsylvania;  treasurer  of 
the  general  military  order  of  foreign  wars; 
and  secretary  of  the  society  of  colonial 
wars  in  Pennsylvania. 

Sayward,  William  Henry,  organizer,  was 
born  Frb.  20.  184.").  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  is 
chief  founder  and  secretary  of  the  Mas- 
ter builders'  association  of  Boston,  Mass.; 
and  in  1887  he  organized  the  National  as- 
sociation of  builders.  He  is  notable  as  an 
organizer  of  a  system  of  co-operation  be- 
tween employers  and  workmen  in  building 
trades.  In  1007  he  organized  the  Massa- 
chussets  society  of  brick  and  stone  mason 
masters    and    craftsmen. 

Sbarretti,  Donatus,  clergyman,  archbish- 
op, was  born  Xov.  12,  18.56,  in  Italy.  In 
188.3-1000  he  was  first  auditor  of  the  apos- 
tolic legation  at  Washington.  In  1900  he 
was  consecrated  Roman  catholic  bishop  of 
Havana;  and  in  1907  became  titular  arch- 
bishop of  Ephesus. 

Scadding,  Charles,  clergyman,  bishop,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  Xov.  25,  1861,  in  Canada. 
He  has  filled  pastorates  in  New  York  and 
Middletown.  N.Y.:  Toledo,  Ohio;  and  La 
Orange.  111.  In  1906  he  was  consecrated 
jtrotestant  episcopal  bishop  of  Oregon.  He 
is  the  author  of  Dost  Thou  Believe;  and 
Direct  Answers  to  Plain  Questions. 

Scaffer,  Frederick  Ferdinand,  manufac- 
turer, financier,  was  born  .June  12,  18.53,  in 
Prussia.  He  was  first  employed  in  one  of 
the  mills  of  the  New  Brunswick  rubber 
company.  In  1876  he  became  su])crint('iident 
of  the  entire  works  of  the  CJoodyear  India 
lubber  glove  manufactory  of  Naugatuck, 
Conn.  In  1891  he  became  first  selectman 
c.i    the    to\\ii. 

Scaife,  Walter  Bell,  lecturer,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  10.  18.".8.  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  American  Oographical 
History:  and  Flon-ntine  Life  During  the 
Renaissance. 

Scales,  Alfred  Moore,  Jr.,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman  governor,  was  born 
Nov.  26,  1827,  in  Reedsville.  N.(\  He  was 
(  lected  to  the  legislature  of  North  Carolina 
in  18.")2  and  18.')(i.  He  was  a  ftresidential 
elector  in  1861;  and  in  18.")7-.")9  and  187.5-8") 
be  was  a  representative  to  the  thirty-fifth, 


forty-fourth,  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth,  forty- 
seventh  and  forty-eighth  congresses.  In 
18S.5  he  was  the  thirty-fourth  governor  of 
North  Carolina.  He  died  Nov.  9,  1892,  in 
Green-sboro,  N.C. 

Scammell,  Alexander,  soldier,  was  born 
ni  174(i  ill  .Miliord.  Mass.  In  1^776  he  be- 
came colonel  of  the  third  New  Hampshire 
regiment;  and  was  transferred  later  to  the 
first  regiment.  He  was  appointed  adjutant- 
general  of  the  American  arm}-;  and  conse- 
quently became  a  member  of  General 
Washington's  military  family.  He  died  Oct. 
6,   1781.  in   Williamsburg,  Vt. 

Scales,    John,    educator,    journalist,    au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  6,  1835,  in  Nottingham, 
N.H.    He  was  fitted  for  college  at  the  Col- 
-  by      academy;      and 

graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college  in  1863. 
He  then  engaged  in 
educational  work  as 
principal  of  the 
Wolfeborough  a  n  d 
(4ilmanton  academies 
till  1869;  and  during 
1869-83  was  principal 
of  the  Franklin  acad- 
emy of  Dover,  N.H. 
Since  1883  he  has 
been  editor  of  the 
Dover  Daily  Republican,  the  leading  re- 
puhlican  journal  in  New  Hampshire:  has 
contributed  to  various  publications;  and  is 
the  author  of  several  works.  He  has  been 
trustee  of  the  state  normal  school;  and  is 
a  member  of  the  school  committee  of  Dover. 
He  is  prominent  in  political  affairs;  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Hampshire  society  sons  of 
American  Revolution;  New  Hampshire  so- 
ciety of  colonial  wars;  a  knight  templar 
and  thirty-second  degree  mason;  and  a 
member  of  various   fraternal  orders. 

Scammon,  Charles  Mellville,  navigator, 
author,  was  born  May  28,  1825,  in  Pitts- 
ton,  .Maine.  He  engaged  in  the  whale-fish- 
ery; and  discovered  the  habitat  of  the  gray 
whale  in  a  bay  on  the  coast  of  California, 
which  was  named  Scammon  bay.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  work  on  The  Marine  Manimals 
of  the  Northwestern  Coast  of  America  and 
the   American   Whale   Fishery. 

Scammon,    Eliakim    Parker,    soldier,   edu- 


1816,    in 
was  pro- 


cator,  autlior,  was  born  Dec.  27 
Wliitefield.  Maine.  In  1856-.58  he 
fessor  in  Blount  St.  Mary's  college  of  Cincin 
nati,  Ohio:  and  president  of  the  Polytech- 
nic college  of  that  city  in  18.59-61.  lie  be- 
came c<donel  of  the  twenty-third  Ohio  reg- 
iment in  18«)1 :  served  in  western  Virginia 
and    .Mar.\land:    ami    was    ])romoted    briga- 

died     Dec. 


dier-general     of     volunteers.      lb 
7,   1894,   in   .\iidiibon    Park,  N.V. 

Scammon,  John  F.,  merchant,  banker, 
stat''  xiiator,  congressman,  was  born  Oct. 
24,  1786,  in  Saco,  Maine,  He  served  in  the 
.Maine  legislature  in  1817,  1820  and  1821. 
He    was    collector    of    customs    at    Saco    in 


118 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


182y-41.  In  1845-47  lie  was  a  representative 
from  Maine  to  the  twenty-ninth  congress; 
and  was  a  state  senator  in  1855.  He  died 
May  23,   1858,  in   Saco,  Maine. 

Scanlan,     Lawrence,     clergyman,     bishop, 
was  born  Sept.  20,  1843,  in  Ireland.    He  was 
educated    in    the    common    schools;    and    in 
J"  1868    graduated    from 

the  college  of  Dublin, 
Ireland;  in  1868  he 
was  ordained  to  the 
pricstliood;  in  1868- 
70  he  was  assistant 
pastor  of  St.  Pat- 
rick's church ;  and  in 
1870-71  was  assist- 
ant pastor  of  St. 
Mary's  cathedral  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 
For  three  months  he 
filled  a  pastorate  in 
Woodland,  Cal.;  and  for  a  short  time 
preached  in  Piche.  Nev. ;  and  Petaluma,  Cal. 
In  1873  he  was  appointed  pastor  of  Salt 
I-iake  City  and  of  the  whole  territory  of 
Utah;  and  in  1887  was  consecrated  bishop 
of  Laranda  and  vicar  apostolic  of  Utah. 
In  1891  he  was  appointed  first  bishop  of 
Salt   Lake  City. 

Scammon,  Jonathan  Young,  pioneer,  law- 
yer, journalist,  banker,  founder,  was  born 
July  27,  1812,  in  Whitefield,  Maine.  He  was 
one  of  the  main  organizers  and  directors 
of  the  first  railroad  west  of  Lake  Michi- 
gan, now  the  Xorthwestern.  He  laid  the 
foundation  of  the  first  successful  public 
^chool  system  in  Chicago.  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Chicago  Astronomical 
society,  and  its  first  president.  In  1872  he 
established  the  Chicago  Inter-Ocean  as  a 
lepublican  paper.  He  founded  the  Hahne- 
mann hospital  and  other  institutions.  He 
was  a  member  of  tlie  Illinois  state  legisla- 
ture. He  died  March  17.  1890.  in  Chicago, 
111.  ^ 

Scannell,  Richard,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
Lorn  May  12,  1845,  in  Ireland.  In  1887  he 
was  consecrated  first  Roman  catholic  bish- 
op of  Concordia.  Kan.;  and  in  1891  was 
transferred  to  the   see  of  Omaha.  Neb. 

Scarborough,  John,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  April  25.  1831,  in  Ireland.  He 
has  filled  pastorates  in  Troy  and  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.Y.,  and  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  and 
in  1875  was  consecrated  protestant  episco- 
pal bishop  of  New  Jersey. 

Scarborough,  John  Catre,  soldier,  educa- 
tor, college  president,  was  born  Sept.  22, 
1841.  in  Wake  county,  N.C.  In  1877-85  and 
1893-97  he  was  state  superintendent  of 
public  instruction  for  North  Carolina.  He 
is  now  president  of  the  Chowan  baptist  fe- 
male   institute    of   Murfreosborough,   N.C. 

Scarborough,  Robert  Bethea,  lawyer, 
.'tate  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Oct. 
29,  1861,  in  Chesterfield,  S.C.  Since  1884 
he  has  practiced  law  in  Conway,  S.C.  In 
1806  he  was  elected  to   the  South  Carolina 


state  senate;  and  became  president  of  th*. 
senate  and  lieutenant-governor  of  South 
Carolina.  In  1901-05  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina  to  the  fifty-sev 
enth  and  fifty-eighth  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. 

Scarbrough,  William,  planter,  inventor 
was  born  Feb.  IS,  1776,  in  Lower  Three 
Runs,  S.C.  He  built  the  first  ocean  steam- 
boat. The  Savannah,  that  crossed  the  At- 
lantic in  1819.  He  died  June  11,  1838,  in 
New  York. 

Scarborough,  William  Saunders,  educator, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  Feb. 
16,  1852,  in  Macon,  Ga.  In  1875  he  grad- 
uated from  Oberlin  college  with  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  A.M.,  Ph.D.  and  LL.D., 
and  for  a  short  time  was  a  student  at  the 
Oberlin  theological  seminary.  In  1891-95 
he  was  professor  of  Greek  in  the  Payne 
theological  seminary  of  Wilberforce,  Ohio; 
for  nineteen  years  he  was  professor  of 
classical  Greek;  and  is  now  vice-president 
of  Wilberforce  university.  He  is  exeget- 
ical  editor  of  the  Sunday  school  publica- 
tion of  the  African  methodist  episcopal 
church.  He  is  the  author  of  First  Lessons 
in  (h-eek:  Theory  and  Functions  of  the 
Thematic  Vowel  in  the  Greek  Verb;  Our 
Political  Status;  Birds  of  Aristophanes,  a 
Theory    of   Interpretation. 

Scarritt,  Winthorpe,  broker,  author,  was 
born  June  17,  1857,  in  Dorchester,  111.  In 
1903-05  he  was  president  of  the  Common- 
wealth trust  company  of  New  York  City; 
and  since  1906  has  been  engaged  as  a  bond 
broker.  He  is  the  author  of  Three  Men  in 
a    ]\Iotor   Car. 

Scates,  Walter  Bennett,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Jan.  18,  1808,  in  South' 
Boston,  Va.  He  was  attorney-general  of 
Frankford,  111.;  and  in  1836  became  judge 
of  the  third  judicial  district.  In  1841-47 
he  was  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Illinois;  and  in  1853  was  again  elected  to 
the  supreme  court  bench.  He  served  in  the 
civil  war;  and  in  1866  was  brevetted  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Oct. 
26.  1887.  in  Chicago.  Ill 

Schadle,  Jacob  E.,  physician,  educator, 
author,  was  born  June  23,  1849,  in  Clin- 
ton county.  Pa.  He  began  to  practice  med- 
icine in  Shenandoah,  Pa.;  and  in  1870  mov- 
ed to  St.  Paul,  Minn.  He  became  an  in- 
s^rnctor  of  laryngology  at  the  university  of 
]\Iinnesota;  and  in  1897  became  professor 
in  that  institution.  He  is  the  author  of 
Adenoidal  Growth  in  Children;  and  Rela- 
tionship Between  the  Diseases  of  the  Nose 
and  Tiiroat  and  General  Diseases. 

Schaeffer,  Charles  Ashmead,  educator, 
chemist,  college  president,  was  born  Au". 
14,  1843,  in  Harrisburg.  Pa.  For  many  years 
he  was  professor  of  chemistry  in  Cornell 
university;  and  was  president  of  the  state 
university  of  Iowa.  He  died  in  1898  in 
Iowa. 

Schaeffer,  Charles  Frederick,  educator, 
cleigyiiian,  author,  was  born  Sept.  3,   1807, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


119 


in  Germantown,  Pa.  He  was  professor  of 
systematic  theology  in  tiie  Lutheran  theo- 
logical seminary  at  PliiUulelphia  in  18G4- 
7G.  He  was  the  author  of  A  System  of 
Lutheran  Theology,  one  of  several  import- 
ant works,  whic-li  he  translated  from  the 
German.  He  died  Nov.  23,  1879,  in  Phila- 
delpliia.   Pa. 

Schaeffer,  Charles  William,  educator,  cler- 
<;yman,  autlior.  was  born  May  5,  1813,  in 
iiagerstown,  Md.  He  was  professor  of 
church  history  in  the  Philadelphia  luther- 
an  seminary  in  1864-96.  He  was  the  author 
of  History  of  tiie  Lutheran  Church  in  the 
United  States;  and  Family  Prayers.  He 
died   March   LI,  1806,  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 

Schaeffer,  David  Frederick,  clergyman, 
iuitlior.  was  born  July  22,  1787,  in  Carlisle, 
Pa.  In  1808-37  he  was  pastor  of  the  luth- 
eran  church  in  Frederick,  Md.  He  was  the 
author  of  Historical  Address  on  the  Kefor- 
mation.  He  died  in  INtav,  1837,  in  Freder- 
ick, Md. 

Schaeffer,  Frederick  Christian,  educator, 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1792, 
in  Germantown,  Pa.  He  filled  pastorates  in 
Harrisburg  and  New  York  City;  and  in 
1830  was  professor  of  German  language  and 
literature  in  Columbia  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Parables  and  Parabolic  Sayings. 
He  died  in  Mareli,  1831.  in  New  York  City. 

Schaeffer,  Frederick  David,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  15,  1760,  in  Germany. 
He  became  pastor  of  lutheran  congrega- 
tions at  Carlisle  and  other  places;  and  in 
1812-34  was  the  colleague  of  Reverend  Hel- 
niuth  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  two  works  in  Gernuin.  He  died 
Jan.  27.  183(1.  in  Frederick,  Md. 

Schaeffer,  Nathan  C,  educator,  clergy- 
iii:ni.  author,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1849,  in 
Berks  county.  Pa.  Since  1803  he  has  been 
state  superintendent  of  public  instruction 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  author  of 
Thinking  and  Learning  to  Think;  and  His- 
tory of   Education  in  Pennsylvania. 

Schaff,  David  Schley,  educator,  clergy- 
man, was  born  in  18.52  in  Mercersburg,  Pa. 
In  1897-1903  lie  was  professor  of  church 
history  at  the  Lane  seminary;  and  since 
1903  has  been  professor  of  church  history 
at  the  Western  tlieological  seminary  of 
Allegheny.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Life 
of  I'liilip  Sehad":  and  Commentary  on  Acts. 

Schaff,  David  T.,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  17,  1S.')2.  in  Merci-rsburg,  Pa.  He 
is  now  a  pastor  of  the  presbyterian  church 
in  Jacksonville.  111.  He  was  the  co-editor 
of  the  Schall'-llerzog  Religious  l']neyel('- 
jiedia.   in    four  vojunies. 

Schaff,  Philip,  educator,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  1,  1819,  in  Switzer- 
land. He  was  a  distinguished  German  re- 
formed divine.  In  1844-63  he  was  profes- 
sor of  church  history  in  the  seminary  of 
Mercensburg,  Pa.  In  1873  he  became  pro- 
fessor of  sacred  literature  in  Uni(m  semi- 
nary in  New   York  City.    He  was  the  au- 


thor of  Principles  of  Protestantism;  His- 
tory of  the  Christian  Church;  Creeds  of 
Christendom;  Theological  Propaedeutics; 
Christ  and  Christianity;  Critical  Edition 
of  the  Heidelberg  Catechism;  Bible  Re- 
vision; Tiuough  Bible  Lands;  Progress  of 
Religious  Freedom;  Church  and  State  in 
the  United  States;  The  Person  of  Christ; 
Literature  and  Poetry;  and  edited  the 
Schaff-Herzog  Encyclopaedia  of  Religious 
Knowledge;  and  Lange's  Commentary.  He 
(lieil  O.t.  20,   1893,  in  New  York  City. 

Schaffer,  Charles  A.,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Aug.  14,  1843,  in  Har- 
risburg, Pa.  In  1862-65  he  was  an  instructor 
of  chemistry  in  the  Lawrence  scientific 
school  at  Harvard  university;  and  from 
there  went  to  the  Union  college  of  Schenec- 
tady, N.Y.  For  nineteen  years  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  analytical  chemistry  and  miner- 
alogy at  Cornell  university.  In  1887  he  be- 
came president  of  the  Iowa  state  univer- 
sity. He  died  Sept.  13,  1898,  in  Iowa  City, 
I  wa. 

Schaller,  Albert,  lawyer,  statesman,  was 
born  j\Iay  20,  1856,  in  Chicago,  111.  He  re- 
ceived a  thorough  education  in  St.  Vin- 
cent's college  of  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.;  in 
France;  and  at  the  St.  Louis  law  school. 
During  1880-91  he  was  county  attorney  of 
Duluth  county,  Minn.;  during  1801-96  was 
city  attorney  of  Hastings,  Minn.;  and  also 
in  1805-96  he  city  attorney  of  South  St. 
Pmil.  During  1805-98  he  served  with  dis- 
tinction as  a  state  senator  in  the  Minne- 
sota legislature,  and  took  an  active  part  in 
the  deliberations  of  that  body.  He  is  one 
of  the  foremost  lawyers  of  the  northwest, 
and  lias  a  large  practice  in  Hastings,  Minn. 

Schampert,  Thomas  Edgar,  physician, 
surgeon,  founder,  was  born  Oct.  15,  1866, 
in  Caddo  Parish,  La.  He  practiced  medicine 
in  Greenwood,  La.;  and  in  1891  he  was 
elected  assistant  surgeon  to  the  Charity 
hospital.  In  1899  lie  founded  the  Shreve- 
port  sanitarium  and  training  school  for 
nurses   at   Slireveport,  La. 

Schanck,  John  Stilwell,  physician,  ed- 
ucator, was  born  Feb.  24.  1817.  He  receiv- 
ed his  education   in   the  schools  of  ^liddle- 

town  and  Freehold, 
X.J. ;  then  at  the  cel- 
ebrated academy  at 
Lenox,  Mass.;  and  in 
1840  graduated  at  the 
Princeton  college  of 
New  Jersey.  In  1843 
he  receivecl  his  med- 
ical degree  from  the 
university  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  prac- 
ticed medicine  from 
that  time  in  Prince- 
ton, N.J.  For  nearly 
fifty  years  he  has  delivered  a  course  of 
leitures  on  anatomy,  physiology  and  zo- 
ology in  the  Princeton  college;  and  from 
1856-93  he  also  filled  the  chair  of  chemis- 


120 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


try  in  the  same  institution.  He  has  serv- 
ed that  noted  college  under  four  presidents 
with  great  distinction.  He  died  Dec.  16, 
18!»8,  in  Princeton,  N.J. 

Scharf,  John  Thomas,  author,  was  born 
May  1,  1843,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1878  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  legisla- 
ture; and  in  1884  was  commissioner  of  the 
land  otiice  of  Maryland.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Chronicles  of  Baltimore;  History 
of  Maryland;  History  of  Baltimore;  His- 
tory of  Western  Maryland;  History  of  the 
City  of  8t.  Louis;  History  of  Philadelphia; 
History  of  the  Confederate  Navy;  and  His- 
tory of  Delaware.  He  died  Feb.  28,  1898, 
in   Baltimore,  Md. 

bchauffler,  Adolph  Frederick,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1845,  in  Constan- 
tinople, Turkey.  In  1873-87  he  was  pastor 
of  Olivet  church  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
president  of  the  New  York  City  missions. 
He  was  elected  chairman  of  the  New  York 
(Sunday  school  association  in  1899;  and  is 
secretary  of  the  international  Sunday 
school  lesson  committee.  He  is  the  author 
of  Ways  of  Working;  The  Teacher,  the 
Child   and  The   Book;   and  other  works. 

Schauffler,  William  Gottlieb,  nMssionary, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  22,  1798,  in  Ger- 
many. He  was  a  congregational  missionary 
in  Turkey  well  known  as  a  linguist.  He 
translated  the  Bible  into  Hebrew,  Spanish 
and  Turkish;  and  was  the  author  of  Es- 
say on  the  Right  Use  of  Property;  and 
?»Ie(litations  on  tlie  Last  Day  of  Christ.  He 
died  Jan.  27.   1883,   in  New  York  City. 

Schayer,    Mrs.    Julia    Thompson,    littera- 
teur,   author,    ^^■as    born    in    January,    1842, 
in   Portland,   Maine.    She  is   a   Washington  ^ 
writer;    and   the   author  of   Tiger  Lily   and 
Other    Stoi-ies. 

Schechter,  Solomon,  theologian,  college 
[uesident,  was  born  in  1849  in  Roumania. 
He  was  sent  by  the  university  of  Cam- 
bridge to  examine  Hebrew  literature;  and 
made  various  discoveries.  Since  1902  he 
has  been  president  of  the  Jewish  theolog- 
ical   seminai-y    of    America. 

Scheffauer,  Herman  George,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Feb.  3,  1876,  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  He  was  engaged  for  several  years 
with  architects  of  San  Francisco  as  a  de- 
signer and  water  colorist;  but  is  now  en- 
gaged in  literary  work.  He  is  the  author  of 
Of  Botli  Worlds,  poems;  Looms  of  Life, 
Poems;  Tlie  Sons  of  Baldur,  a  Forest  Dra- 
ma:   and    Niagara,    a   Romance. 

Scheffer,  Emil,  educator,  discoverer,  was 
born  in  1822.  He  was  the  discoverer  of 
pepsin.  He  died  Jan.  22,  1902,  in  Louisville, 
Ky. 

Seidell,  Richard,  merchant,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  May,  1810,  in 
Rhinebcck.  iN.Y.  In  1873-75  he  "was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  forty- 
third  congress  to  fill  a  vacancv.  He  died 
March  27.   1884,   in  New   York  City. 

Schell,  William  Elias,  educator,  clergy- 
man,  college   president,    was   born   Oct.   25, 


1861,  in  Carroll  county,  Ind.  In  1876  he 
began  teaching;  and  since  1890  has  been  a 
clergyman  of  the  church  of  United  Breth- 
ren in  Christ.  He  is  president  of  York  col- 
lege of  Nebraska. 

Schelling,  Felix  Emanuel,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Sept.  3,  1858.  He  is  John 
Welsh  centennial  professor  of  English  lit- 
erature in  the  university  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  is  the  author  of  Edition  of  Ben  Jon- 
son's  Discoveries;  Literary  and  Verse  Crit- 
icism of  the  Reign  of  Elizabeth;  Life  and 
\V'orks  of  George  Gascoigne;  A  Book  of 
Elizabethan  Lyrics;  A  Book  of  Seven- 
teenth Century  Lyrics;  The  English  Chron- 
icle Play;  History  of  Elizabethan  Drama, 
in  two  volumes;   and  other  works. 

Schem,  Alexander  Jacob,  statistician,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  March  16,  1826,  in  Prussia. 
He  was  assistant  superintendent  of  schools 
in  New  York  City  in  1874-81.  He  was  the 
author  of  Latin  English  Dictionary;  Sta- 
tistics of  the  World;  and  Cyclopaedia  of 
Education.  He  died  May  21,  1881,  in  Ho- 
boken.   N.J. 

Schenck,  Abraham  H.,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1777  in  Dutchess 
county,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York 'assembly  in  1804-06;  and  in  1815-17 
lie  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  fourteenth  congress.  He  died  Feb.  20, 
1831,  in  New  York. 

Schenck,  Carl  Alwin,  forester,  author, 
was  born  Marcli  25,  1868,  in  Germany.  He 
is  director  of  the  Biltmore  forest  scliool; 
and  is  forester  to  George  W.  Vanderbilt's 
Biltmore  estate.  He  is  the  author  of  Our 
Yellow  Poplar;  Forest  Utilization;  For- 
est ]\Ianagement;  Forest  Policy;  Forest* 
Finance:    and   Forest   Protection. 

Schenck,  Ferdinand  S.,  physician,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb'  11,  1790,  in 
Middlesex  county,  N.J.  In  1829-31  he  was 
a  member  of  tlie  New  Jersey  state  legis- 
lature. In  1833-37  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  twenty-third  and 
twenty- fourth  congresses.  He  was  a  justice 
of  the  court  of  errors  and  appeals  for 
eight  years.  He  died  May  17,  1860,  in  Cam- 
den, N.J. 

Schenck,  Ferdinand  Schureman,  clergy- 
man, tlieologian.  author,  was  born  Aug. 
C.  1845,  in  Platteville,  N.Y.  In  1865  he 
graduated  from  Princeton  college;  grad- 
uated from  the  Albany  law  school  in  1867; 
graduated  from  the  New  Brunswick  theo- 
logical seminary  in  1872;  and  has  receiv- 
ed tlie  degrees  of  A.M.  and  D.D.  He  has 
been  pastor  of  reformed  churches  in  Clarks- 
town,  Montgomery,  Hudson  and  University 
Heights,  N.Y.  Since  1899  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  practical  theology  in  the  New 
Brunswick  theological  seminary:  and  in 
1904-07  was  a  professor  of  Rutgers  col- 
lege. For  several  years  lie  lectured  on  Lit- 
erary Stiuly  of  tile  English  Bible  in  tlie 
New  ^'ork  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
Tlie   Bible   Reader's  "^Guide;    The   Ten  Com- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


121 


mandments  and  the  Lord's  Prayer;  and 
Modi-ni   Practical  Theology. 

Schenck,  James  Findlay,  naval  officer, 
was  born  June  11,  1807,  in  Franklin,  Oliio. 
In  1825  he  entered  the  navy  as  midship- 
man; was  promoted  to  commodore  in  I8G3; 
and  to  rear-admiral  in  1SC8.  He  died  Dec. 
21.   18S2.  in   Dayton.  Ohio. 

Schenck,  Noah  Hunt,  clergyman,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Juno  30,  180.'),  in  Pen- 
nington, X..T.  He  founded  and  edited  Tlie 
Western  Churchman  during  his  pastorate 
in  Chicago;  and  in  18G7  became  co-editor 
of  The  Protestant  Churchman  of  New  York. 
He  was  the  autlior  of  numerous  published 
sermons  and  addresses,  a  collection  of 
which  lias  appeared  in  book  form.  He 
died  Jan.   4.   1885.  in   Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Schenck,  Robert  Gumming,  soldier,  law- 
yer, state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born    Oct.    4,    1809,    in    Franklin,    Ohio.     In 

1840    he    was    elected 
.^_^  a      representative      to 

^^B|b|.  tlie    Oliio    legislature; 

^^^^^^  and  was  re-elected  in 

I  |B  1842.       In      1861      he 

■V^^lfe::;^    W|  served     as     brigadier 

^^^        W  and    major-general   in 

■Kl        ^  the    union    army.     In 

^^■.  ^A  1843-51    and     1863-71 

jfr^j^^^^^        he  was   a  representa- 
^^^S^^^^^^^k  from  Ohio        tlie 

^^^^^^^^^^  thirty-first,  thirty- 
eighth,  thiHy-nintl).  fortietli  and  forty- 
first  congresses.  In  1870  he  was  appointed 
minister  to  England;  and  on  his  return 
practiced  law  in  Wasliington.  He  died 
.Mareii  23,   1800.   in   Washington,  D.C. 

Schenck,  William  Edward,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Mareli  20,  1819,  in  Prince- 
ton, X.J.  In  1865  he  became  vice-president 
of  the  Pennsylvania  colonization  society; 
and  vice-president  of  tiie  American  coloni- 
zation society  since  1877.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Historical  Account  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  Church  of  Princeton,  N.J.; 
Aunt  Fanny's  Home:  Ciiiidren  in  Heaven; 
Nearing  Home;  Tlie  Fountain  for  Sin;  and 
Church  Extension  for  Cities.  He  died  in 
1004   ill    Pliil;Hlelpliia,  Pa. 

Schenk,  David,  lawyer,  autlior.  was  born 
in  1835  in  Nortii  Carolina.  He  is  tin;  author 
of  Tile  Battle  of  Guilford  Court  House; 
North  Carolina;  and  Railroad  Law  in  North 
Carolina. 

Scheppegrell,  William,  ])liysi<iaii,  invent- 
or, author,  was  born  Sept.  22.  181)0,  in  Ger- 
many. He  first  practiced  in  (Charleston,  S. 
C;  removed  to  New  Orleans  in  1800;  and 
became  assistant  surgeon  of  tlie  eye,  ear. 
nose  and  throat  hospital  of  tliat  city.  TI<' 
is  the  inventor  of  many  aiijiliances  in  ear, 
nose  and  throat  specialty.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  American  academy  of  ophtlial- 
mology   and    otology.    He    is   the    author   of 


man 
Julv 


\'a.     In     1S6G-70    he 


Electricity  in  Diseases  of  the  Nose,  Throat 
and    l^ar:    and   other   works. 

Scherer,  James  Augustin  Brown,  educa- 
tor, clergyman,  lecturer,  college  president, 
author,  was  born  ilay  22,  1870,  near  Sal- 
isburV,  N.C.  Since  1904  he  has  been  pres- 
ident' of  Newberry  college  of  South  Caro- 
lina. He  is  the  'autlior  of  Four  Princes; 
The  Growth  of  a  Kingdom;  Japan  To-Day; 
Young  .lajian;  The  Holy  Grail;  and  What 
Is  Ja[)anese  Morality? 
Scherer,  John  Bunyan,  educator,  clergy- 
college  president,  author,  was  born 
10.  1832.  in  Apjioniattox  county,  Va. 
He  graduated  from 
Hampton-Sidney  col- 
lege of  Virginia; 
graduated  from  the 
university  of  Virgin- 
ia; and  studied  in  the 
Union  tlieological 
seminary.  In  1858- 
02  he  was  pastor  of 
t  li  e  presbj'terian 

church  of  Chapel 
Hill,  N.C;  and  in 
1863-70  hlled  a  pas- 
torate in  Springhill. 
was  principal  of  the 
Cluster  Spring  high  school;  and  in  1870-75 
was  professor  of  biblical  instruction  and 
uiw  philosophy  and  president  of  the  Stew- 
ard college  of  Clarksville,  Tenn.  In  1875-79 
lie  was  president  of  the  Southwest  presby- 
terian  university.  In  1879-88  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  biblical  instruction  in  that  in- 
stitution. Since  1888  he  has  been  profes- 
sor of  biblical  instruction:  in  1888-1901  he 
was  president;  and  since  1901  has  been 
vice-president  of  Davidson  college  of  North 
Carolina.  He  is  the  author  of  Bible  Course 
Syllabus:  Modern  Mysticism:  Sermon  on 
the  Mount:  and  Studies  in  the  Life  of 
Clirist. 

Scherer,  John  Jacob,  cli'igyman,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  7,  1830, 
in     Wythe     county.   Vt.     He    was   educated 

in  public  and  private 
schools  of  the  south; 
and  attended  various 
tlieological  semina- 
ries. He  is  a  clergy- 
man of  the  lutheran 
church;  and  is  prom- 
inent as  an  educator. 
For  twenty  years  he 
was  president  of  Col- 
orado college,  Texas; 
is  president  of  Ma- 
rion teinale  college, 
N'irginia;  and  presi- 
dent of  the  general  synod  south  of  the  luth- 
cian    chureli. 

Scherer,  Melanchthon  G.,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  starch  Hi,  1861, 
in  Catawba  county,  N.C.  Ho  is  a  clergy- 
man    of    the    evangelical     lutheran    church. 


122 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Since  1896  he  has  been  president  of  the 
North  Carolina  college  at  Mount  Pleasant, 
N.C. 

Schereschewsky,  Samuel  Isaac  Joseph, 
clergyman,  bishop,  author,  was  born  May 
G,  1831,  in  Russia.  He  was  third  protestant 
episcopal  bishop  of  the  China  mission.  He 
was  consecrated  in  1877;  resigned  his  office 
in  1883  and  lived  for  some  years  in  Cam- 
bridge; and  from  1895  lived  at  Shanghai. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  translation  of  the 
Bible  into  Chinese.  He  died  in  1906  in 
Japan. 

Scherger,  George  Lawrence,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1874,  in 
Lawrenceburg,  Ind.  In  1899-1901  he  was 
instructor  in  history;  in  1901-03  was  as- 
sistant professor;  and  since  1903  has  been 
professor  of  history  at  the  Armour  insti- 
tute of  technology  of  Chicago,  111.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Evolution  of  Modern 
Liberty. 

Schermerhorn,  Abraham  M.,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Rociiester,  N.Y. 
In  1849-53  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  thirty-first  and  thirty- 
second  congresses.  He  died  Aug.  22,  1855, 
in  Rochester,  N.Y. 

Schermerhorn,  Martin  Kellogg,  clergy- 
man, author.  He  is  a  clergyman  of  Pougli- 
keepsie,  N.Y.;  and  is  honorary  pastor  of 
the  Channing  memorial  church.  He  is  the 
autlior   of   Ancient   Sacred   Scriptures. 

Schermerhorn,  Simon  J.,  farmer,  banker, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Sept.  26;  1827,  in  Rotterdam,  N.Y.  In  1862 
he  was  elected  witliout  opposition  to  the 
New  York  state  legislature.  He  was  on 
the  Cleveland  electoral  ticket  in  1888.  In 
1893-95  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  fifty-tliird  congress  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. He  died  July  21,  1901,  in  Rotterdam, 
N.Y. 

Scherzer,  Albert  H.,  civil  engineer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  July  22,  1865,  in  Peru, 
111.  For  some  years  he  was  engaged  in 
tiie  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111.  He  is 
l)resident  and  chief  engineer  of  the  Scher- 
zer rolling  lift  bridge  company  of  Chicago, 
111.  He  has  designed  and  built  many  large 
important  railways  and  high  bridges  in  the 
I'nitcd  States  and  abroad;  and  has  in- 
vented  improvements   in   bridges. 

Scheve,  Edward  Benjamin,  educator,  mu- 
sician, autlior,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1865,  in 
(lermany.  In  1892-1906  he  was  a  concert 
organist  and  director  of  the  Conservatory 
of  music  in  Chicago,  111.;  and  since  1900 
lias  been  professor  of  the  theory  of  com- 
position and  an  instructor  of  the  organ  in 
the  Iowa  college  scliool  of  music.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Orate  rio  Death  and  Resur- 
rection of  Christ;  and  also  numerous  sa- 
cred   compositions. 

Schick,  John  Michael,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  Richmond,  Va.  In  1876  he  was 
ordained  a  clergytnan  in  the  reformed 
church;    and    is    now    pastor    of    Grace    re- 


formed church  of  Washington,  D.C.,  of 
which  Colonel  Roosevelt  is  a  member.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Catechumens'  Counsel- 
lor. 

Schiedt,  Richard  Francis  Conrad,  educator, 
/.oologist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  21,  1859, 
in  Prussia,  Since  1887  he  has  been  profes- 
sor of  natural  sciences  at  the  Franklin  and 
Marshall  college  of  Lancaster,  Pa.  He  is 
the  author  of  Principles  of  Zoology;  Lab- 
oratory Guide  in  Zoology;  Plant  Morphol- 
ogy; and  On  the  Threshold  of  a  New  Cen- 
tury. 

Schieffelin,  Samuel  Bradhurst,  merchant, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1811,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  the  author  of  Message 
to  the  Ruling  Elders;  Foundations  of  His- 
tory; Words  to  Christian  Teachers;  The 
CHiurch  in  Ephesus  and  the  Presbyterian 
and  Reformed  Churches;  People's  Hymn 
Book;  and  other  works.  He  died  in  1900 
in  New  York  City. 

Schieren,  Charles  Adolph,  merchant,  man- 
ufacturer, banker,  inventor,  was  born  Feb. 
28.  1842,  in  Germany.  In  1882  he  estab- 
lished the  present  firm  of  Charles  A.  Schier- 
en and  company  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.,  man- 
ufacturers of  leather  belting;  and  was  one 
of  the  oi-ganizers  of  the  hide  and  leather 
national  bank,  and  of  which  he  has  been 
vice-president  since  1891.  He  is  also  presi- 
dent of  the  (Jermania  savings  bank;  and 
president  and  director  of  the  Brooklyn  acad- 
emy of  music.  He  was  the  inventor  of  the 
electric  licit,  consisting  of  a  coating  of 
composition  spread  over  the  belt  to  preserve 
the  leatlier.  In  1894-98  lie  was  mayor  of 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.;  and  during  his  adminis- 
tration he  secured  for  that  city  the  East 
river  bridge;  Forrest  park,  comprising  five 
lunidred  acres;  and  Wallaboxit  market,  cov- 
ering twenty-six  acres.  In  1898  .he  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  McKinley  treasurer 
of  the  ("uljan  relief  committee. 

Schiff,  Jacob  Henry,  banker,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  in  1847  in  Germany.  He  is 
president  of  the  Monteflore  home  for  chron- 
ic invalids;  and  founded  the  Jewish  theo- 
logical seminary;  founded  the  Semitic  mu- 
seum: and  founded  the  Harvard  nurses' 
settlement  in  New  York.  In  1907  he  gave 
fifty  thousand  dollars  to  the  Hebrew  shel- 
tering  home   in   New   York   City. 

Schiller,  Madeline,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  in  London,  England.  On  her  re- 
tiun  from  a  successful  Australian  tour 
sl:e  married  Marcus  Elmer  Bennett  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  A  second  tour  in  Australia  Avas 
followed  by  a  season  of  concertizing  in  Eu- 
rope. At  present  she  is  in  New  York  City. 
She  has  won  general  recognition  by  her 
spirited  and  refined  interpretations  of  clas- 
sic  and   modern    pianoforte   literature. 

Schilling,  George  A.,  organizer,  author, 
was  born  in  1850  in  Germany.  He  is  active 
in  labor  organizations  in  Chicago,  III.;  and 
was  secretary  of  the  Illinois  state  depart- 
ment  of   labor   in    1893-97;    and   in    1905-07 


IIERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


123 


was  president  of  the  Local  board  of  im- 
provements. He  is  tlic  author  of  Street 
Railways  of  Chicago  and  Other  Cities. 

Schimmelf enning,  Alexander,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Prussia.  In  1861  ho  was  colonel 
in  tlie  seventy-fourth  regiment  Pennsyl- 
vania infantry;  and  in  1862  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
.Sept.  7,  1865. 

Schimpf,  Henry  William,  educator,  phy- 
sician, autlior,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1868,  in 
New   York   City.    He   was   educated   in   the 

public  schools  of 
New  York.  In  1887 
graduated  from  tlie 
New  York  college  of 
pharmacy ;  and  in 
1897  graduated  from 
the  Long  Island  hos- 
pital medical  college. 
In  1882  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  practice 
of  pharmacy.  In  1892 
he  was  professor  of 
inorganic  chemistry; 
and  in  1902  was  pro- 
fessor of  analytic  chemistry  in  the  Brooklyn 
college  of  pharmacy.  In  1894-95  he  was  food 
inspector  of  tlie  Brooklyn  health  department; 
and  since  1897  has  been  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  medicine.  He  is  the  author  of 
Textbook  of  Volumetric  Analysis;  Qualita- 
tive Chemical  Analysis;  and  Essential  of 
\'olumctric  Analysis. 

Schindler,  Solomon,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  24,  1842,  in  Germany.  For 
many  years  he  had  charge  of  Temple  Adath 
Israel,  Boston.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Young 
West,  a  secjuel  to  Looking  Backward;  Mes- 
sianic Expectations  and  Modern  Judaism; 
and  Dissolving  Views  on  the  History  of 
.luihiisiii. 

Schinner,  Augustin  Francis,  clergyman, 
bisliop,  was  born  May  1,  1863,  in  IMilwau- 
kee.  Wis.  He  was  vicar-general  of  Milwau- 
kee arch  diocease  for  several  years.  Since 
19(t5  lie  lias  been  Roman  catholic  bishop  of 
Siijierior.  Wis. 

Schirm,  Charles  Reginald,  manufacturer, 
legislator,  coiigri'ssiiian,  was  born  Aug.  12, 
1S64,    in    Baltimore,    Md.     In    1898-1900    he 

was  a  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of 
Maryland.  Since  1899 
he  lias  been  president 
of  tlie  Maryland 
league  of  n  piililican 
clubs.  In  1901-03  he 
^^^  was  a  representative 
1ft  ^^1     from      Maryland       to 

the  fifty-seventh  con- 
gress as  a  republi- 
can; and  served  on 
important  commit- 
tees. 

Schleicher,  Gustave,  civil  engineer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  19, 
1823,   in    Germanv.     He   moved   to   Texas    in 


1847;  served  in  the  state  legislature  in 
1853-54;  and  in  1859-61  served  in  the  state 
senate.  In  1875-79  he  was  a  representative 
from  Texas  to  the  forty-fourth  and  forty- 
fifth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
Jan.   10,  1879,  in  Washington  City,  Pa. 

Schleif,  William,  pliysician,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  26,  1868,  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
He  practiced  medicine  for  eleven  years;  and 
since  1890  has  been  instructor  in  pharmacy 
at  the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is 
the  author  of  Administration  of  Drugs; 
and  Materia  Mediea  and  Therapeutics. 

Schleich,  Newton,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Oliio.  In  1861  he  was  brigadier-general  of 
Oliio  volunteers. 

Schley,  Grant  Barney,  banker,  railway 
president,  was  born  Feb.  25,  1845,  in 
Cliapinsville,  N.Y.  He  is  a  senior  member 
of  the  banking  firm  of  Moore  and  Schley  of 
New  York  City;  and  is  president  of  the 
Chihuahua  and  Pacific  railroad  company; 
and  lias  other  large  financial  interests. 

Schley,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  governor,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  15,  1786,  in  Frederick,  Md.  In 
1825  he  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  the  middle  district  of  Georgia;  and 
was  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1830. 
In  1833-35  ho  was  a  representative  from 
Georgia  to  the  twenty-third  congress;  and 
\A  as  the  eighteenth  governor  of  Georgia  in 
1835-37.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
president  of  the  Medical  college  of  Georgia. 
He  was  the  author  of  Digest  of  the  Eng- 
lish Statutes.  He  died  Nov.  20,  1858,  in 
Augusta.  Ga. 

Schley,  Winfield  Scott,  naval  ofiRcer,  ex- 
plorer, author,  Avas  born  Oct.  9,  1839,  near 
Frederick,  Md.  He  attended  the  naval  acad- 
emy during  1856-60; 
and  was  promoted  to 
master  in  1861.  He 
was  in  all  the  en- 
gagements which  led 
to  the  capture  of 
Port  Hudson  in  1863. 
In  1866  he  was  com- 
missioned a  lieuten- 
ant-commander; and 
coiniiiander  in  1874. 
During  1880-83  he 
was  light-house  in- 
spector; in  1884  was 
of  the  Greely  expedition:  and  in 
89  was  chief  of  tlie  bureau  of  equip- 
ment and  recruiting.  He  was  promoted  to 
captain  in  1S8S:  and  in  1898  gained  dis- 
tinct ion  dining  tlie  Spanish-American  war 
ill  tlie  destruction  and  capture  of  the  Span- 
ish Meet;  and  in  1899  was  promoted  to 
rear-admiral.  Retired  from  active  service 
in  1901.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Rescue 
(if  (Jreidv;  and  Fortv-Five  Years  Under 
the  Flag.  He  died  Oct.  2.  1911.  in  New 
York. 

Schmauk,  Theodore  Emanuel,  journalist, 
critic,   author,   was   born   May   30,    1860,   in 


in 

1885 


chargi 


124 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Lancaster,  Pa.  He  has  been  president  of 
the  Pennsylvania  German  society;  and 
chancellor  of  the  Pennsylvania  Chautau- 
qua. He  is  editor-in-chief  of  The  Lutheran 
Review  and  half-a-dozen  church  and  school 
pufe-lications.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Neg- 
ative Criticism;  The  Art  of  Conversation; 
The  Voice  in  Speech  and  Song;  and  The 
Christian    Kindergarten. 

Schmidt,  Arthur  P.,  musician,  publisher, 
composer,  was  born  April  1,  1846,  in  Ger- 
many. In  1876  he  established  a  business  of 
his  own  in  Boston,  Mass.;  and  now  has 
branches   in  New  York  and  Leipzig. 

Schmidt,  Edward  August,  brewer,  banker, 
was  born  July  6,  1863,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  is  president  of  the  C.  Schmidt  and  Sons 
Brewery  company;  president  of  the  Robert 
Smith  Ale  Brewing  company;  president  of 
tlie  Xortli western  national  bank;  and  is 
also  president  of  the  United  States  brew- 
ers' association. 

Schmidt,  Frederick  Augustus,  educator, 
clergyman,  journalist,  autlior,  Avas  born 
Jan.  .3.  lS;i7.  in  (n-rniany.  He  lias  for  years 
been  a  leader  among  the  Norwegian  luth- 
crans.  In  1873  he  was  sent  as  delegate  from 
tie  Norwegian  sj'nod  to  the  general  assem- 
bly of  the  Norwegian  Mission  society  at 
Christiania,  Norway.  In  1864-65  lie  was 
editor  of  the  Lutheran  Watchman  in  De- 
corali,  Iowa.  In  1872-76  he  was  ])rofessor 
of  theology  in  Concordia  seminary  of  St. 
Louis;  and  since  1890  at  seminary  of  the 
United  norman  lutheran  churcli  of  ^linne- 
apolis. 

Schmidt,  Friedrich  George  Gottlob,  edu- 
cator, autlior,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1868,  in 
Bavaria.  Since  1897  he  has  been  professor 
of  modern  languages  at  the  university  of 
Oregon.  He  is  the  author  of  several  works 
in  (German. 

Schmidt,  Gustavus,  lawyer,  autlior,  was 
born  June  16,  1795,  in  Sweden.  In  1842  he 
began  a  series  of  lectures  on  civil  law  in 
New  Orleans,  La.  He  edited  the  Louisiana 
Law  Journal  in  1842-43.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Civil  Law  of  Spain  and  Mex- 
ico, with  Notes  and  References.  He  died 
Sept.   20,   1877,   in    Sweet   Springs,  W.Va. 

Schmidt,  Henry  Immanuel,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, autnor,  was  born  Dec.  21,  1806,  in 
Nazareth,  Pa.  He  was  a  lutheran  clergy- 
man; and  professor  of  German  in  Colum- 
bia college  in  1848-80.  He  was  the.  autlior 
of  History  of  Education;  The  l^utheran 
Doctrine  of  the  Lord's  Supper;  and  Course 
of  Ancient  Geographv.  He  died  Feb.  11. 
1889.  in  New  York  City. 

Schmidt,  Joseph  M.,  educator,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  ]\Iarch  25.  1846, 
in  Altenburg,  Mo.  tie  has  filled  pastorates 
in  Dallas  and  Saginaw,  Mich.  Since  1903  he 
has  been  professor  of  Hebrew  and  history; 
and  in  1894-1903  was  president  at  Con- 
cordia   college   at   Fort   Wayne,   Ind. 

Schmidt,  Julian  G.,  banker,  statesman, 
was    born    Dec.   28,    1855,    in    Monroe,   Wis. 


He  was  educated  in  Carleton  college  of 
Northfield.  m  1872-89  he  was  engaged  in 
the  hardware  business  in  Faribault,  Minn. 
Ke  is  now  president  of  the  Northfield  na- 
tional bank,  president  of  the  Bank  of  Den- 
iiison,  president  of  the  Bank  of  Hampton 
and  jjresident  of  the  National  bank  of  West 
Concord,  all  in  Minnesota.  He  is  a  trus- 
tee of  Carlton  college  and  a  prominent  ma- 
son. 

Schmidt,  Nathaniel,  educator,  author,  was 
biiin    May  22,   1862,   in   Sweden.    He  receiv- 
ed   his   elementary   and   gymnasium   educa- 
tion   in    Sweden.     He 
was  a  student  in  the 
universities  of  Stock- 
holm,     Colgate      and 
Berlin.    In  1888-96  he 
was       professor       of 
Semitic  languages  and 
literatures      of      Col- 
gate   university;    and 
in    1904-05   he   was   a 
director  of  the  Amer- 
ican  school  of  archae- 
ology   in    Jerusalem. 
Since     1906     he     has 
been  professor  of  Semitic  language  and  lit- 
erature at  Cornell  university.   He  is  a  mem- 
ber   of    the    American    institute    of    archae- 
ology ;    and    a    member    of    the    Society    of 
biblical  literature.    He  is  the  author  of  In- 
troduction to  the  Hexateuch:   Biblical  Crit- 
icism   and    Theological    Belief;    Syllabus    of 
Oriental    History;    The    Republic    of    Man; 
Outline  of  a  History  of  Egypt;   Outline  of 
a  History  of  India;  Outline  of  a  History  of 
Syria ;    and  The  Prophet  of  Nazareth. 

Schmidt,  William,  theologian,  author, 
was  born  July  26,  1855,  in  Germany.  Since 
1886  he  has  been  professor  of  theology; 
and  now  fills  that  chair  in  the  evangelical 
Lutheran  seminary  of  St.  Paul,  Minn.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Sighard,  the  Centuri- 
on:    ;ind   Ranuildu. 

Schmidt,  William  Andrew,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Illinois.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in 
the  twenty-.seventh  regiment  Illinois  in- 
fantry; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
ilier-geiieral  of  volunteers.  He  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  in   1864. 

Schmitt,  William  P.,  manufacturer,  plant- 
er, publisher,  business  president,  was  born 
•Tan.  25.  1862.  in  New  Vork  C'ty.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  New  York  grammar  school; 
and  tlien  pursued  a  course  of  stud}'  with 
the  view  of  entering  the  naval  academy  at 
Annapolis.  In  1881  he  graduated  from  the 
United  States  brewers'  academy;  then  af- 
ter the  old  German  custom  for  five  years 
he  traversed  the  United  States.  Mexico 
and  Canada,  making  his  own  livelihood.  He 
returned  home  ana  became  brew-master 
in  the  establishment  of  Schmitt  and 
Schwanenfluege,  of  which  his  father  was 
senior  partner;  and  in  1892  became  general 
manager  of  a  brewery  in  tiic  West  In- 
dies.   For   several   years  he  managed  a   to- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


125 


bacco  plantation  ot  six  hundred  acres  in 
Florida;  and  subsoqucntiy  became  editor 
and  i)roprietor  of  the  Eut'aula  Sun  of  Ala- 
bama. On  his  father's  death  in  1897  he 
took  charge  of  iiis  father's  business  in  New 
York  City;  and  is  now  vice-president  of 
that  concern.  In  1903  he  was  appointed  ex- 
ecutive of  the  department  of  parks  of  the 
boroufih  of  the  bronx;  and  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  grand  jury.  He  is  now  exten- 
sively interested  in  real  estate  in  the  bor- 
ough of  the  brcnx.  He  is  vice-president  of 
tiie  Wyandotte  club;  a  member  of  the  met- 
ropolitan musfum  of  art,  the  Nassau  boat 
club,  and  of  various  otlier  societies  and 
clubs. 

Schmitz,  John  .Peter,  merchant,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  lecturer,  author,  was  born 
Feb.    24,    1834,    in    ficrmany.     In    1855    he 

emigrated  to  America 
and  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile piusuits.  In 
1875  lie  entered  the 
Cooper  Medical  col- 
lege of  San  Francis- 
co: and  subsequently 
attended  the  Califor- 
nia Medical  college, 
graduating  t  h  e  r  e  - 
from  in  1881,  and  has 
since  attained  prom- 
inence as  a  success- 
ful physician  of  San 
Francisco,  and  a  noted  lecturer  and  teach- 
er of  piiysioiogy  to  medical  students,  hav- 
ing held'  the  cliair  of  physiology  in  the 
California  iMedical  college  since  1886.  He 
is  the  author  of  a  work  on  Human  Physi- 
ology, Analysis  and  Digest,  for  the  use  of 
Medical  Students  ar.d  Practitioners;  and 
valuable  papers  and  pani])hlets  on  tlie  cause 
of  diphtiieria  and  croup  iiave  appeared  from 
his  pen. 

Schmucker,  Beale  Melanchton,  dergy- 
riiaii.  liistDiiaii.   liyiiuiist.  was  horn  Aug.  2(), 


18- 


in 


(Jettvsburg.    Pa.    He    was    one   of 


the  foremost  liturgical  scholars  of  the  luth- 
eran  churdi.  He  was  editor  of  a  Collection 
of  Hymns;  and  one  of  the  editors  of  The 
(  ommon  Service  of  the  Lutheran  Ciiurcli. 
He  died  Oct.   18,  1888,  in  Pottstown,  Pa. 

Schmucker,  John  George,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  hnni  Aug.  18,  1771.  in  fier- 
niany.  He  was  the  author  of  Prophetic 
Histor}'  of  the  Christian  Religion,  or  Ex- 
planation of  the  Revcdation  of  St.  John. 
He   died   Oct.  7.    18.".4,   in    Williamsburg,   P;i. 

Schmucker,  Samuel  D.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Feb.  26,  1844,  in  (iettys- 
burg.  Pa.  In  18(13  he  was  si-rgcant  of  the 
twcnty-sixtii  I'tMinsylvania  rcginx'nt  in  the 
union  army.  He  practiced  law  in  Haiti- 
more  for  thirty-two  years.  He  was  jiresi- 
dent  of  the  bar  association;  and  was  one 
of  the  commission  which  prepari'd  the  |)ris- 
ent  charter  of  Paltimore  City.  Since  1898 
he  has  been  judge  of  the  court  of  a])pe;tls 
of  Alarvland. 


Schmucker,  Samuel  Mosheim,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  12,  1823,  in  New 
Market,  Va.  He  was  a  lutheran  minister 
early  in  life.  He  was  the  author  of  Er- 
rors' of  Modern  Infidelity;  The  Spanish 
Wife,  a  play;  History  of  the  Four  Georges; 
History  of  All  Religions;  Court  and  Reign 
of  Catherine  11;  Lives  of  Washington, 
Hamilton,  Jellersou,  Webster,  Clay,  Dr. 
Kane,  Fremont;  Memorable  Scenes  in 
French  History;  History  of  the  Modern 
Jews;  Historj^  of  Napoleon  Third;  Arctic 
Explorations;  and  History  of  the  Civil 
War  in  the  United  States.  He  died  May 
12,   1863,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Schmucker,  Samuel  Simon,  educator, 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1799, 
in  Hagerstown,  Md.  He  was  a  lutheran 
clergyman;  professor  in  the  Theological 
seminary  at  Gettysburg  in  1826-64;  and 
founder  of  Pennsylvania  college.  He  was 
the  author  of  forty-four  books,  the  prin- 
cipal of  which  are  Elements  of  Popular 
Theology;  Psychology;  Lutheran  Manual; 
Lutheran  Symbols,  or  American  Lutheran- 
ism  Vindicated;  Church  of  the  Redeemer; 
and  The  United  of  Christ's  Church.  He 
died  July  26,  1873,  in  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Schnakenberg,  Daniel,  insurance  broker, 
was  born  Feb.  21,  1852,  in  Bremen,  Ger- 
many. He  is  president  of  llagedorn  and 
company,  now  one  of  the  largest  firms  in 
tlie  marine  insurance  business.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  cotton,  consolidated  and 
produce  exchanges.  He  is  a  trustee  of  the 
German  savings  bank;  a  director  of  the 
German-American  bank;  and  treasurer  of 
the  German  society. 

Schneck,  Benjamin  Shroder,  clergyman, 
autliur,  was  born  ^larch  14,  1806,  in  Up- 
per Bern,  Pa.  He  was  a  lutheran  clergy- 
man; and  pastor  at  Chambersburg  in  1855- 
74.  He  was  the  author  of  Die  deutsche 
Kanzel;  Tile  Burning  of  Chambersburg; 
and  Mercersburg  Theology.  He  died  April 
19,   1874,  in  Chambersburg,  Pa. 

Schneebeli,  Gustav  Adolph,  United  States 
coiigi'cNsmaii  from  Pt'iiiisylvania,  was  born 
May  23,  1853,  in  Neusalz,  Prussia.  In  1886 
founded  the  knit  goods  industry  of  the 
Nazareth  waist  company;  in  1888  he  es- 
tablished the  Lact'  manufacturing  company 
at  Nazareth,  Pa.,  of  wliicli  he  is  the  sole 
(i\vn<'r;  and  is  identified  with  several  oth- 
er industries  in  the  town  and  vicinity.  He 
is  vice-|)resi(lent  of  tlie  First  national  bank; 
and  jiresideiit  of  tlie  i5etlih'liem,  Nazaretli 
and  Slate  Belt  trolley  sytem.  In  l'.)05-()7 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
((p   llie   (iffy-iiiiif li   congress. 

Schneider,  Albert,  educator,  botanist,  au- 
Hior.  wius  born  .April  13,  18(i3.  in  (iranville, 
III.  In  1903-05  he  was  jjrofes.sor  of  botany 
iiiid  materia  medica  in  the  Northwestern 
university  school  of  jtharmacy  of  Chicago, 
III.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Te.xt-book  of 
(leneral  Ijiclienology ;  (Juid*-  to  the  Study 
of     lichens ;     .Microsco|)y    and     Micro-Tech- 


126 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


nique;    Hints   on   Drawing  for   Students   of| 
Biology:  and  Medicinal  Plants  of  CaliforniaT 
Schneider,  Charles  Conrad,  civil  engineer,!] 
author,   was   born   April   24,    1843,   in   Sax-i! 
on}'.    Since    1903   lie   has   been   a   consulting 
engineer  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.    He  is  the  au- 
thor   of    General    Specifications    for    High- 
way    Bridges;     and    General    Specifications 
for  Structural  Steel  Work  in  Buildings. 

Schneider,  George,  journalist,  diplomat, 
in  Ohio.  In  1861  he  was  major  in  the  eighth 
regiment  Kansas  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
colonel  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  July.   1871,  in  Kansas. 

Schneider,  Edward  F.,  soldier,  was  born 
banker,  was  born  Dec.  14,  1823,  in  Ba- 
varia. In  IS'jO  he  founded  a  German  news- 
paper in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  In  1851  he  began 
editing  a  German  pa- 
per, which  was  the 
first  Sunday  paper 
published  in  Chicago; 
and  was  the  first  pa- 
per to  oppose  the 
Nebraska  bill  and 
spread  anti-slavery 
doctrines.  In  1856  he 
was  a  member  of  the 
national  republican 
convention.  In  1861 
he  was  appointed  Lnited  States  consul  to 
Dennuirk.  He  was  then  appointed  collector 
of  international  revenue  for  the  first  dis- 
trict of  Illinois.  In  1863-71  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  State  savings  bank  of  Illinois; 
and  for  twenty-five  years  was  president 
of  tlie  National  bank  of  Illinois. 

Schober,  William  Bush,  educator,  chem- 
ist, autlior,  was  born  Nov.  28,  1864,  in 
Cumberland,  Md.  He  is  assistant  professor 
of  organic  chemistry  and  chemical  philos- 
ophy in  Lehigh  luiiversity  of  South  Beth- 
lehem, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  several 
monographs;  and  is  the  translator  of  Gat- 
termann's  Practical  Methods  of  Organic 
Chemistry. 

Schodde,  George  Henry,  educator,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  April  15,  1854, 
in  Allegheny,  Pa.  He  has  been  professor 
at  Capital  university  since  1880;  editor 
Lutlieran  Standard  since  1880:  and  editor 
Tiieological  magazine  since  1805.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Protestant  Church  in 
Germany;  and  has  translated  several  works. 
Schoellkopf,  Arthur,  manufacturer,  bank- 
er, business  president  was  born  June  13, 
1856,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  He  was  educated 
in  the  ])ublic  schools,  at  St.  Joseph's  col- 
lege of  Buffalo  at  Bryant  and  Stratton's 
business  college,  and  studied  four  j'ears  in 
Germany.  He  was  president  of  the  Niagara 
Falls  mill  company,  Cliff  paper  company, 
Gliick  realty  company,  and  the  Niagara 
Falls  brewing  company.  He  was  also  secre- 
tary treasurer  and  general  manager  of  the 
Niagara  Falls  hydraulic  power  and  manufac- 
turing   company    of    Niagara    Falls,    N.Y.; 


land  was  mayor  of  that  city.  He  died 
[Feb.   3,   1913. 

Schoen,    Charles    T.,    inventor,    capitalist, 

Ijr'was    born    in    1844.     He    has    invented   the 

pressed  steel  coal  and  freight  railway  cars; 

and    invented    the    solid    forged    and    rolled 

steel   car   wheel. 

Schoeneck,  Edward,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  Aug.  6,  1875,  in  Syracuse,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Syracuse  high 
school;  and  received  the  degree  of  LL.B. 
from  the  law  school  of  the  Syracuse  uni- 
versity. He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  the 
law  firm  of  White,  Bond  and  Schoeneck  of 
Syracuse,  N.Y.;  and  has  been  a  member  of 
the  board  of  supervisors.  In  1902-05  he 
served  four  terms  as  a  representative  in 
tlie  New  York  state  legislature.  He  is 
still  a  member  of  the  assembly  of  the  New 
York  state  legislature. 

Schoenefeld,  Henry,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  Oct.  4,  1857,  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
After  a  pianist  tour  through  northern  Ger- 
many he  settled  in  Chicago  as  a  teacher 
and  composer.  He  is  the  author  of  numer- 
our    compositions. 

Schonefeld,  Hermann,  educator,  journalist, 
iuithor.  was  born  in  1S61,  in  Prussia.  Since 
1894  he  has  been  professor  of  Germanics 
at  the  Columbia  university  of  Washington, 
D.C.  Since  1899  he  has  been  Ottoman  con- 
!-ul-general  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  is  the 
;aitlior  of  Higher  Education  in  Poland:  His- 
tory of  Teutonic  ^^'omen;  and  other  works. 

Schoenhof,  Jacob,  political  economist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1839,  in  Gerinany\  He 
was  the  author  of  Destructive  Inrtuence  of 
the  Tariff  upon  Manufactures  and  Com- 
merce; Wages  and  Trade;  The  Economy  of 
Higli  Wages:  Technical  Education  in  Eu- 
rope: and  History  of  Monej'  and  Prices. 

Schoepf,  Albin  Francisco,  soldier,  was  born 
:\Iareh  1,  1822,  in  Hungary.  In  1858  he 
bei  aiue  an  assistant  examiner  in  the  patent- 
office.  He  Avas  appointed  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers;  was  appointed  principal  ex- 
aminer in  the  patent-office,  which  post  he 
continued  to  fill  until  his  death.  He  died 
Jan.  15,  1886,  in  Hyattsville,  Md. 

Schoff,  Hannah  Kent,  founder  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  in  Upper  Darby,  Pa.  In  1872 
she  married  Frederic  Schoff;  and  resides 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1899-1902  she  was 
the  first  president  of  the  Penn  congress  of 
mothers.  In  1902-11  she  served  three  terms 
as  president  of  the  National  congress  of 
rnotliers.  She  organized  and  led  the  move- 
ment to  obtain  a  juvenile  court  and  pro- 
bation system  in  Pennsylvania;  and  has  had 
charge  of  probation  in  Philadelphia  since 
1901.  She  compiled  the  laws  of  everj-^  state 
in  tlie  union  concerning  dependent  and  de- 
liii<|U('nt  children. 

Schoff,  Stephen  Alonzo,  engraver,  artist, 
was  born  Jan.  16.  1818.  in  Danville,  Vt.  He 
engaged  in  bank-note  work  in  New  York 
City;  and  soon  was  employed  upon  his  first 
important  work.  Caius  Marius  on  the  Ruins 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


127 


of  Carthage,  after  Vanderlyn.  This  plate 
was  issiu-d  about  1843;  and  to  expedite  its 
publication  and  aid  the  young  artist,  the 
master  American  engraver,  Aslier  Brown 
Durand,  engraved  the  head  and  gave  some 
touclies'  to  the  tigure.  He  later  turned  his 
attention  to  etching,  producing  some  beau- 
tiful plates.  He  died  in  1904,  in  Newton- 
ville,   Mass. 

Schofield,  George  Wheeler,  soldier,  was 
born  in  ^■'JW  York.  In  1801  he  was  first 
lieutenant  in  the  first  regiment  New  York 
infantry;  and  in  1SG5  was  brevetted  col- 
onel and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  Sept.   17,   1882. 

Schofield,    John    McAllister,    soldier,    cab- 
inet   oilier,    was    born    Sept.    20,    1831,    in 
Chautauqua  county,  N.Y'.     In  ISoS  he  grad- 
uated fro'm  the  Unit- 
ed     States      jNIilitary 
academy;    w^as   as- 
signed    to     the     first 
regiment  of  artillery, 
and     during      1855-60 
was  professor  of  nat- 
ural   philosophy.       In 
1801   he  was   commis- 
sioned captain.     Dur- 
ing  the   civil   war   he 
|r  served    as    major    of 

''^^  the  first  :Missouri  vol- 

^^     "  unteers;  was  appoint- 

ed chief  of  staff,  and  the  same  year  became 
brigadi»'r-general  of  the  Missouri  militia. 
In  1862  he  was  appointed  major-general  of 
volunteers,  and  in  1864,  for  his  services  at 
the  battle  of  Franklin,  he  was  made  brig- 
adier-general and  brevet  major-general  in 
the  regular  army.  In  1868-60  he  was  sec- 
retary of  war;  and  in  1869  he  was  appoint- 
ed major-general.  During  1876-81  he  \ya3 
superintendent  of  the  United  States  mili- 
tary academy;  during  1888-05  commanded 
the'  United  States  army;  in  1895  was  re- 
tired from  active  service;  and  was  made 
lieutenant-general  by  special  act  of  con- 
gress. He  died  March  4,  1906,  in  St.  Au- 
gustine. Fla. 

Schofield,  W.  Elmer,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  1807,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  has 
received  many  prizes  and  medals.  He  is 
a  national  academician;  and  a  member  of 
tlie  I'hiiadelpliia  art  club.  He  is  represent- 
ed in  permanent  collections  at  the  Phihi- 
delphia  academy  of  fine  juts  and  at  the 
Ciniinnati   niuseiim. 

Schofield,  William  Henry,  educator,  au- 
tiior,  was  liorri  April  (i.  1870,  in  Canada. 
Since  1006  he  lias  been  professor  of  com- 
parative literature  at  Harvard  Jiniversity. 
In  10()7-0S  lie  was  Harvard  \  isiting  pro- 
fessor at  the  university  of  Berlin.  He  is 
the  author  of  History  of  Knglisli  Literature 
from  the  Norman  Conquest  to  Chaucer;  and 
otiier   ^^f)rks. 

Scholfield,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Illinois. 
He  died  Feb.  1.1,  1803.  in  Marshall.  HI. 


Scholte,  Henry  P.,  clergyman,  lawyer, 
founder,  was  born  Sept.  25,  1805,  in  The 
Xetlierlands.  In  1846  lie  became  president 
oi  an  organization  to  promote  emigra- 
tion to  America;  and  the  same  year  four 
slii]).s  sailed  for  Baltimore.  The  emigrants 
located  in  Marion  county,  Iowa,  and  founded 
the  city  of  Pella.  He  was  the  first  post- 
master of  Pella;  and  donated  five  acres 
of  land  to  the  Iowa  central  universitv.  He 
died  Aug.  25.   1868,  in   Pella.  Iowa. 

Scl-oolcraft,  Henry  Rowe,  etlinologist,  ge- 
ologist, author.  ])oet,  wms  born  March  29, 
1793,  in  Albany  county,  N.Y.     Thirty  j^ears 

of  his  life  were  spent 
among  the  Indians, 
chiefly  at  Mackinaw. 
He  discovered  the 
source  of  the  Missis- 
sipjd  in  1832.  He  was 
the  author  of  View 
of  the  Lead  Mines  of 
Missouri ;  Algic  Dis- 
coveries; Historical 
Information  Concern- 
ing the  Indian  Tribes; 
Narrative  of  an  Ex- 
pedition to  Itasca 
Lake:  Oneota,  reissued  as  The  Indian  and 
His  Wigwam;  The  Myth  of  Hiawatha; 
Personal  Memoirs  of  Thirty  Y'ears'  Resi- 
dence with  Indian  Tribes;  Scenes  and  Ad- 
ventures in  the  Ozark  Mountains;  Life 
of  General  Cass;  and  several  volumes  of 
poems.  He  died  Dec.  10,  1864,  in  Washing- 
ton. D.C. 

Schoolcraft,  John  L.,  merchant,  banker, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Albany,  N.Y. 
He  was  for  many  years  president  of  the 
Commercial  bank  of  Albany.  In  1849-53 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  Y'ork  to 
the  thirty-first  and  thirty-second  congresses. 
He  died  in   May,   1860,  in   Canada. 

Schoolcraft,  Mrs.  Mary  Howard,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  in  Beaufort,  S.C. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Black  Gauntlet, 
a    Tale    of    Plantation    Life. 

Schoonmaker,  Augustus,  lawyer,  states- 
man, was  born  March  2,  1828,  in  Rochester, 
N.Y.  In  1876-77  he  was  a  member  of  the 
New  Y'ork  state  senate  and  in  1878-79  was 
attornev-general  of  New  York.  He  died 
April    10,    1804.   in   Kingston,  N.Y. 

Schoonmaker,  Cornelius  C,  congressman, 
was  born  in  June,  1745,  in  Rochester,  N.Y'. 
In  1701-03  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  second  congress;  and 
for  fourteen  years,  before  and  afti-r  the 
above  term  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
assembly  ■  from  the  county  of  Ulster.  He 
died   in    17'I6,  in   Shawangunk.  N.Y'^. 

Schoonmaker,  Marius,  lawyer,  con- 
yressiiian.  author,  was  born  April  24,  1811, 
in  Kingston,  N.Y.  In  1851-53  he  was  a 
re|tres(iitative  to  the  thirty-second  congress. 
In  1854  he  was  auditor  of  the  canal  depart- 
ment; and  in  1855-56  he  served  as  super- 
intenrlent    of    the   bank    department    of    the 


128 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


state  of  New  York.  He  was  the  author  ot 
PubUc  Lands;  The  Slave  Question;  and  a 
History  of  Kingston  From  Its  First  Settle- 
ment to  1820.  He  died  Jan.  5,  1894,  in 
Kingston,    N.Y. 

Schoonmaker,  Martinus,  clergyman,  was 
born  in  1737,  in  Rochester,  N.Y.  In  1784 
he  fixed  his  residence  at  Flatbush;  and  as- 
sumed charge  of  the  six  congregations  in 
Kings  county.  He  died  in  1824,  in  Flatbush, 
N.Y. 

Schott,  Charles  Antony,  civil  engineer, 
author,  v. as  born  Aug.  7,  18 — ,  in  Ger- 
many. He  entered  the  service  of  the  United 
States  coast  survey;  and  from  1856  was  an 
assistant  in  United  States  coast  and  geo- 
detic survey.  He  was  the  author  of  works 
on  meteorology.  He  died  in  1901,  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C. 

Schotter,  Julius  John,  merchant,  was  born 
July  9,  1858,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1898 
he  became  manager  and  sole  proprietor  of 
fi   coll'ee  and  tea  house  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Schouler,  James,  educator,  lawyer,  his- 
toiian,  author,  was  born  March  20,  1839,  in 
Arlington,  Mass.  He  is  a  lawyer  and  his- 
torian of  Boston;  and 
professor  in  the  law 
school  of  Boston  uni- 
versity. He  is  the 
author  of  The  Law  of 
Bailments;  The  Law 
of  Personal  Propertv; 
the  Law  of  The  Do- 
mestic Relation;  Law 
of  Executors  and  Ad- 
ministrators; Law  of 
Wills;  A  History  of 
the  United  States  Un- 
der the  Constitution; 
Life  oi  Thomas  Jefferson;  Historical  Briefs; 
Americans  of  1776;  and  Ideals  of  the  Re- 
public. 

Schouler,  John,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Nov.  30,  1846,  in  Lowell,  Mass.  During  the 
civil  war  he  became  lieutenant.  In  1895-97 
he  was  chief  of  staff  of  the  North  Atlantic 
fieet;  and  in  1899  was  retired  with  the 
rank   of   rear-admiral. 

Schouler,  William,  journalist,  author, 
Mas  born  Dec.  31,  1814,  in  Scotland.  He 
was  a  journalist  of  Boston;  and  in  1860-66 
was  adjutant-general  of  Massachusetts.  He 
was  the  author  of  A  History  of  Massachu- 
setts during  the  civil  war.  He  died  Oct. 
24,   1872,  in  West  Roxbury,  Mass. 

Schoyer,  Afred  M.,  railway  official,  was 
born  Nov.  1,  1859,  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa.  In 
1872  he  entered  railway  service  and  has 
filled  positions  of  telegraph  operator,  train 
dispatcher  and  superintendent  of  telegraph. 
In  1902-12  he  was  general  superintendent 
of  the  nortliwest  system  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania lines  west  of  Pittsburgh;  and  siiicc 
1913  has  been  general  manager  of  the  Van- 
diilia   raih'oad  at  St.  Louis. 

Schrader,  Frederick  Franklin,  journalist, 
author,    was    born    Oct.    27,    1857,    in    Ger- 


many. For  several  years  he  was  a  man- 
ager of  theaters.  In  1898  he  compiled  and 
edited  the  republican  campaign  textbook. 
In  1900-07  he  was  dramatic  editor  of  the 
Washington  Post.  He  is  the  author  of  Jose, 
0  novel ;   and  several  plays. 

Schrakamp,  Josepha,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  Germany.  He  has  taught  in 
tlie  New  York  schools.  He  is  the  author  of 
Conversational  Exercises;  and  several 
works  in  German  and  French. 

Schreiber,  Anthony,  business  president, 
was  born  Jan.  12,  1864,  in  Polish  Germany. 
For  over  twenty-nine  years  he  has  been  ac- 
tively engaged  in  business  in  the  United 
States,  during  sixteen  years  of  which  he 
^\as  connected  with  a  concern  «ngaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  glycerine  in  New  York 
City.  In  1899  he  organized  and  has  since 
been  president  and  general  manager  of  the 
A.   Schreiber  Brewing  company   of   Buffalo. 

Schreller,  George  Otto,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, Avas  born  June  14.  1843,  in  Nuren- 
burg,  Germany.  He  has  invented  a  machine 
that  will  produce  seventy  thousand  eyelets 
a  minute;  and  many  other  devices  such  as, 
water  meters  and  multiplex  telegraphy  ma- 
chine. In  1882  he  organized  a  company  for 
.the  manufacture  of  goods  under  his  own 
patent    rights. 

Schrenk,  Herman  Von,  botanist,  author, 
v,as  born  March  12,  1873,  in  College  Point, 
N.Y.  He  was  in  charge  of  the  investiga- 
tions on  timber  diseases  and  timber  preser- 
vation; and  was  special  agent  of  the  Bu- 
reau of  forestry  for  the  United  States  de- 
partment of  agriculture;  and  is  consulting 
timber  engineer  for  several  railroads.  He 
is  the  author  of  Decay  of  Timber  and 
Methods  for  Preventing  It;  and  Seasoning 
of  Timber. 

Schreyvogel,  Charles,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Jan.  4,  1861,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1900  he  received  first  prize  from  the  Na- 
tional academy  of  design- for  the  oil  paint- 
ing entitled  My  Bunkie;  and  has  received 
several  medals.  In  1901  he  was  elected  an 
associate  of  the  National  academy  of  de- 
sign. 

Sch river,  Edmund,  soldier.  Avas  born  Sept. 
16,  1812,  in  York,  Pa.  He  served  in  the 
Florida,  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and  was 
brevetted  major-general  of  the  United 
States  army  iii  1865.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1899, 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Schroeder,  A.  T.,  lawyer,  lecturer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  17,  1864,  in  Horicon,  Wis. 
He  successfully  conducted  the  case  against 
congressman  elect  Brigham  W.  Roberts; 
and  is  a  noted  anti-l\Iorman  lecturer.  He 
is   the   author  of  Mormonism. 

Schroeder,  Frederick  A.,  merchant,  states- 
nuin.  was  born  March  9,  1833,  in  Germany. 
In  1871  he  was  com])troller  of  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.,  and  in  1876-78  he  was  mayor  of  that 
city.  In  1879-81  he  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  state  senate.  He  died  in  1899 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAVVS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


129 


Schroeder,  John  Frederick,  I'ducator,  tler- 
gviiiaii.  author,  was  born  April  8,  1800,  in 
ifaltinioro,  Mil.  Hi-  was  an  i-pi.si'opal  cli'rgy- 
nian  anil  i-ducator  of  Flusliing.  L.I.  Hi'  wa? 
tile  autlior  of  Life  ol  Wasliington:  Maxims 
of  Wasliington;  Class  Book  of  Astronomy; 
and  Sunday  Addresses.  He  died  Feb.  26, 
1S.")7.  in    riiuoklyii.  X.V. 

Schroeder,  Seaton,  naval  oHicor.  govern- 
or, author,  was  born  in  Aug.  17,  18411,  in 
Washington.   D.C.    He   graduated   from   the 

naval  academy  of 
Aniiaiiolis.  He  served 
through  the  Spanish- 
American  war  as  lieu- 
t  e  n  a  nt-commander; 
^  and    in    18!)1)    he    be- 

*  came    commander.    In 

18i)U  he  was  appoint- 
ed governor  of  Guam; 
and  has  shown  ex- 
ceutive  ability  of  a 
liigli  order  in  the  gov- 
ernment of  that  is- 
land in  a  most  satis- 
factory manner.  He  is  now  connected  with 
tlie  war  department  in  Washington,  D.C. 
He  is  the  author  of  Fall  of  Maximilian's 
I'.mpin'. 

Schroers,  John,  journalist,  publisher,  was 
born  in  18.)S  in  (Jermany.  In  1877  he  be- 
came a  ri'i)orter  for  the  x^nzieger  des  West- 
ens;  and  in  1884  became  editor  and  busi- 
ni-ss  manager.  He  bought  out  two  rival 
(Jcrmaii  dailies  and  consolidated  them  with 
the  Westliche  Post.  He  is  president  of  the 
St.  Louis  board   of  education. 

Schuette,  Conrad  Herman  Louis,  educa- 
tor, clergyman,  author,  was  born  June  17, 
1843,  in  Germany.  In  180.")-72  he  was  pastor 
at  Delaware,  Ohio;  and  has  been  professor 
of  mathematics  and  natural  science  in  Cap- 
itol university  since  1S72.  Since  18!)")  he 
has  been  general  president  of  the  Lutheran 
synod  of  Ohio  and  other  states.  He  has 
been  editor-in-chief  of  the  Columbus  Theo- 
logical magazine  since  188(5.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  'i'he  Church  Member's  Manual;  The 
State,  The  Church,  and  the  School;  and 
R.-fore  the  Altar. 

Schulte,  Mrs.  Mary  Jemina,  poet,  was 
horn  in  1S47  in  Kngland.  She  is  a  poet  of 
Jersey  City,  N.J.  She  is  the  author  of  Hide 
a    Wee.   and    Other    ['oeiiis. 

Schultz,  Alfred  Reginald,  educator,  geol- 
ogist, was  born  March  2t>.  lS7(i,  in  Tomah. 
\\'iH.  In  VMvl  he  was  professor  of  sciences; 
anil  in  l'.Ml2-i(4  was  research  assistant  in 
Wausan  high  schooj.  In  1902  he  was  an 
associate  editor  of'  the  Wisconsin  hand- 
book of  track  and  Held  athletes;  in  1!)0.'} 
he  was  chief  of  an  exploration  party  in  On- 
tario. Canada;  and  in  li)0:j  was  resident 
hydrologist  in  Wisconsin.  In  l!)04-05  he 
was  a  fellow  in  the  university  of  Chicago: 
and  since  lOd.")  has  been  a  geologist  in  the 
I'liited    States    geological    survey. 

Schultz,  Emanuel,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  ijorn  July  25,  1810,  in  Berks 


county,  I'a.  In  187')  lie  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Ohio  house  of  representatives. 
In  1881-83  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-seventh  congress.  He  died 
ill    Mianiishiug.    Ohio. 

Schultz,  Jackson  S.,  merchant,  was  born 
in  181.3  in  Dutchess  county,  N.Y.  In  1837 
he  succeeded  to  the  leather  business  of  his 
father,  which  he  continued  until  1883.  In 
1873  he  was  appointed  by  President  ({rant 
a  commissioner  to  the  Vienna  international 
exposition.  He  died  March  1,  1891,  in  New 
York   City. 

Schultz,  James  Willard,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  2(),  1860,  in  Boonville, 
N.Y.  He  is  a  contributor  to  Forest  and 
Stream;  Outing:  and  other  magazines.  He 
is  the  author  of  Vlx  Life  as  an  Indian. 

Schultze,  Arthur,  educator,  inventor,  au- 
thor, was  born  ilarch  30,  1861,  in  Germany. 
Since  1905  he  has  been  a  professor  of  the 
New  York  university.  He  is  the  inventor 
of  the  dynamic  heater.  He  is  the  author 
of  Propagation  of  Heat  in  a  Homogeneous 
Eectanglar  Parallelopiped;  Graphic  Alge- 
bra:   and  other  works. 

Schultze,  Augustus,  educator,  theologian, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1840,  in 
(Germany.  In  1870  he  became  a  professor; 
and  since  1885  has  been  president  of  ^lo- 
ravian  college  and  theological  seminary  in 
Bethlehem,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
History  of  Moravian  Missions;  Grammar 
and  Vocabulary  of  the  Eskimo  Language 
of  Northwestern  Alaska;  The  Theology 
of  Peter  and  Paul;  and  Christian  Doctrine 
and    Systematic    Theology. 

Schultze,  Carl  Emil,  illustrator,  artist, 
author,  was  born  ^lay  25,  1866,  in  Lexing- 
ton, Ky.  He  introduced  the  Foxy  Grand- 
pa Series  jiublished  in  the  New  York  Her- 
ald in  1900;  and  in  the  New  York  Amer- 
ican since  1902.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Adventures  of  Foxy  Grandpa;  The  Further 
Adventures  of  Foxy  (irandpa;  The  Many 
Adventures  of  Foxy  Grandpa;  and  The  New 
Adventures  of  Foxy  Grandpa;  Foxy  Grand- 
pa up  to  Date;  Foxy  (Grandpa's  ^lother 
(Joose;  Foxy  Grandpa's  Surprises;  and 
Foxy   (irandpa's    Frolics. 

Schulze,  John  Andrew,  governor,  was 
hoin  .Inly  !!•,  1775,  in  Tulpehockeii.  Pa.  In 
lS2.'{-29  lie  was  governor  of  Pennsvlvania. 
He  died  Nov.   18,  1852.  in  Lancaster",  Pa. 

Schumacher,  James  Madison,  banki-r. 
state  senator,  railroad  president,  was  born 
Nov.  18,  1843,  in  :Moliawk,  N,Y.  For  one 
term  he  was  a  member  of  the  Florida  state 
senate.  In  1890-93  he  was  president  of  the 
State  bankers'  association;  was  president 
of  the  Jacksonville  and  Atlantic  railroad; 
and  was  vice-inesident  of  the  Maine  street 
(le<tric    railroad. 

Schumacker,  Samuel  D.,  lawyer,  jxirist, 
was  born  Feb.  26.  1,S44.  in  (Jettysburg.  Pa. 
In  lS(i3  he  was  sergeant  of  th<V  twenty- 
si.xth  Pennsylvania  regiment  in  Baltimore 
for  thirty-two  years.  He  was  president  of 
the    bar    association;    and    was    one    of    the 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


commission  wliicli  prepared  present  cliar- 
ter  of  Baltimore  city.  Since  1898  he  lias 
been  associate  justice  of  tlie  state  supreme 
court  of  appeals  for  Maryland,  and  is  now 
serving  the  term  of  1903-09. 

Schumaker,  John  Godfrey,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  27,  1826,  in  Clav- 
erack,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  at  Claverack 
academy  and  the  academy  at  Lenox,  Mass. 
In  1856  he  was  elected  district  attorney 
for  Kings  county;  and  rn  1862  and  1864 
was  elected  corporation  counsel  for  the  city 
of  Brooklyn.  In  1869-71  and  1875-77  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
forty-first,  forty-third  and  forty-fourth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  State  constitutional  conventions  to 
levise  the  constitution  of  New  York  in 
1867-68  and  in   1894. 

Schumann,  Walter,  diplomat,  author,  was 
born  .July  1,  1870,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1897  he  was  appointed  United  States  con- 
sul to  Mainz,  Germany;  and  in  1907  was 
transferred  to  Odessa,  Russia.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Law  of  Marriage  and  Di- 
vorce of  the  German  Empire;  and  History 
of  American  Literature. 

Schuneman,  Martin  G.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Ulster  county,  N.Y.  In  1805-07  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
iiintli  congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Schureman,  James,  merchant,  congress- 
man. United  States  senator,  was  born  Feb. 
12.  1757.  in  New  Brunswick,  N..L  In  1786-87 
he  was  a  delegate  from  New  .Jersey  to  the 
continental  congress;  and  in  1789-91,  1797- 
99  and  1813-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  .Jersey  to  the  first,  fifth  and 
thirteenth  congresses;  and  in  1799-1801  he 
was  United  States  senator.  He  was  at  one 
time  mayor  of  New  Brunswick.  He  died 
Jiin.    23."l824,   in  New  Brunswick.  N.J. 

Schureman,  Melancthon  Freeman,  manu- 
facturer, genealogist,  was  born  Aug.  31, 
1820.  in  New  Brunswick.  He  was  proprietor 
of  two  planing  mills  in  New  Y'^ork  City; 
find  was  engaged  with  planing .  mills  for 
fifty  years.  For  forty  years  he  was  vestry- 
man of  the  parish  of  St.  .John  the  evangel- 
ist. He  published  the  Schureman  Genealo- 
gy.  He  died  in  New  York  City. 

Schurz,  Carl,  soldier,  journalist,  diplomat, 
cabinet  officer,  United  States  senator,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  2,  1829,  near  Cologne. 

Germany.  He  came 
to  the  United  States 
in  18.52.  In  1861  he 
was  selected  by  Pres- 
ident Lincoln  as  min- 
ister to  Spain ;  and 
was  then  appointed 
a  brigadier-general, 
then  major-general, 
of  volunteers.  In 
1865-66  he  was  Wash- 
ington correspondent 
for  the  New  York 
Tribune;  and  subse- 
with    the    press    of   De- 


quently    connected 


troit  and  St.  Louis.  In  1869-75  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Missouri.  In 
1877-81  he  was  secretary  of  the  interior. 
He  was  afterwards  editor  of  the  New  York 
Evening  Post,  in  which  position  he  con- 
tinued until  1884.  He  was  the  author  of 
Speeches;  Life  of  Henry  Clay;  and  Abra- 
ham Lincoln,  an  essay.  He  died  May  14, 
1906,  in  New  York  City. 

Schurman,  Jacob  Gould,  educator,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  May  22,  1854, 
in  Canada.  For  many  years  he  was  a  suc- 
cessful Canadian  educator;  and  since  1892 
has  been  president  of  Cornell  university  of 
Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  is  the  president  of  the 
Association  of  colleges  and  preparatory 
schools  of  the  United  States  and  ^laiyland. 
He  is  the  author  of  Kantian  Ethics  and 
the  Ethics  of  Evolution;  The  Ethical  Im- 
port of  Darwinism;  Belief  in  God;  and  Ag- 
nosticism   and    Religion. 

Schussele,  Christian,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  April  16,  1824,  in  Alsace.  He  worked 
at  chromo-lithography;  and  later  he  devot- 
ed himself  almost  entirely  to  painting.  His 
best-known  works  are  Clear  the  Track; 
Franklin  before  the  Lords  in  Council;  Men 
of  Progress,  in  Cooper  institute  of  New 
York  City;  The  Iron-Worker  and  King 
Solomon;  Washington  at  Valley  Forge; 
and  Home  on  Furlough;  and  McClennan  at 
Antietam.  He  died  Aug.  20,  1879,  in  Mer- 
chantville,  N.J. 

Schuyler,  Aaron,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, author,  was  born  Feb.  7,  1828,  in  Sen- 
eca county,  N.Y.  For  twelve  years  he  Avas 
president  of  Baldwin  university;  for  six 
years  Avas  president  of  the  Kansas  Aves- 
ieyan  university;  and  for  tAA-enty-five  years 
was  professor  of  philosophy;  and  later  of 
]:igher  mathematics  and  philosophy  in  the 
Kansas  Aveslej'an  university  at  Salina.  He 
is  the  author  of  Higher  Arithmetic;  Com- 
plete Algebra;  Surveying;  The  Principles 
of  Logic;  Outlines  of  Psychology;  and  Sys- 
tems  of   Etliics. 

Schuyler,  Anthony,  clergyman,  author, 
Avas  born  July  8,  1816,  in  Geneva,  N.Y. 
Since  1868  he  has  been  rector  of  Grace 
church  at  Orange,  N.J.  He  is  author  of 
Household  Religion;  and  The  Incarnate 
World.  He  died  in  1900  in  East  Orange, 
N.J. 

Schuyler,  Eugene,  diplomat,  author,  Avas 
born  Feb.  26,  1840,  in  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  en- 
tered the  diplomatic  service  of  the  LTnited 
States  in  1866:  Avas  consul  at  Moscoav  in 
1867-69;  Avas  consul  at  Reval  in  1869-70; 
and  Avas  secretary  of  legation  at  St.  Peters- 
burg in  1870-76.  He  "became  secretary  of 
legation  and  consul-general  in  Constanti- 
nople in  1876.  He  is  the  author  of  Tur- 
kestan, Notes  of  a  .Journey  in  Russian 
Turkestan,  Khokand,  Bokhara,  and  Kuld- 
ja:   and  Peter  the  Great. 

Schuyler,  George  Lee,  author,  Ava?  f)orn 
June  9,  1811.  in  Rhinebeck.  N.Y.  He  Avas 
active  in  yachting  matters;  and  in  1882 
the  America's  cup  aa'rs  returned  to  him,  as 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


131 


its  sole  surviving  donor,  by  the  New  \ork 
yacht  club.  He  was  the  author  of  Cor- 
lespondence  and  Remarks  upon  Bancroft's 
History  of  the  Northern  Campaigns  in  1S77; 
and  the  Character  of  Major-lieneral  Philip 
Schuyler.  He  died  July  31,  18'JU,  in  New 
York  City. 

Schuyler,  George  Washington,  state  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1810,  in 
Stillwater,  N.Y.  In  1863-65  he  was  treas- 
urer for  the  state  of  New  York;  superin- 
tendent of  the  banking  department  of  New 
York  in  1866-70;  and  was  elected  to  the 
stale  assembly  in  1875.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Colonial  New  York;  and  Philip 
Schuyler  and  His  Family.  He  died  Feb. 
1.  1888.  in  Ithaca,  N.Y. 

Schuyler,  James  Dix,  hydraulic  engineer, 
author,  was  born  May   11,   1848,  in  Ithaca, 
N.Y.    In    1863-68   he   attended   Friend's   col- 
lege;   and   also   further   studied   under   pri- 
vate tutors.    In   1869-73  he  was  engaged  in 
railroad    construction.     In    1878-82    he    was 
assistant  state  engineer  of  California;   and 
in    1882-84    was    chief    engineer   and    super- 
intendent of  the  Cinaloa  and  Durango  rail- 
road  in  Mexico.    In   1884-85  he  built  a  sec- 
tion  of    the   sea-wall   in   San    Francisco;    in 
1887-88    built    Sweetwater    dam;    has    built 
waterworks  in  Denver  and  Portland;   vari- 
ous  irrigation   works   in   the   \vest;    and   is 
now  a  successful  hydraulic  engineer  of  Los 
.\iigeles.   Cal.      He   is   the   author   of  Reser- 
voirs   for    Irrigations;     Water    Power    and 
Domestic   Walcr   Supply. 

Schuyler,  Montgomery,  clergyman,  au- 
.  thor,  was  born  Jan.  !>,  1814.  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  rector  of  Christ  church  in 
1854-96.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Church: 
Its  .Ministry  and  Worship;  and  The  Pio- 
neer Cinirch".  He  died  Marcli  19,  1896,  in  St. 
Louis,   Mo. 

Schuyler,  Montgomery,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  .\ug.  19.  1S43.  in  Ithaca,  N.Y.  In 
lS()5-83  he  was  connected  with  the  New- 
York  World:  and  is  now  on  the  stall"  of 
The  Times.  He  is  the  author  of  Studies  in 
American  Architecture;  and  Westward  the 
Course  of   Kmpire. 

Schuyler,  Montgomery,  diplomat,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  2,  1877,  in  Stamford,  Conn. 
Since  1904  he  has  been  United  States  con- 
sular-genenil  at  Hnngkok.  Siam.  He  is  the 
author  of  P.ibligrapli  of  tiie  Sanskrit  Drama. 
Schuyler,  Peter,  soldier,  merchant,  colo- 
i.ia!  ^.'oviTiior.  was  born  Sept.  17,  1657.  in 
.Albany.  N.Y.  He  was  a  successful  mer- 
cliant  of  Albany,  and  its  first  mayor.  In 
1719-20  lie  was  colonial  governor  of  New 
York.  He  died  Feb.  19.  1724,  in  Albany, 
X.Y. 

Schuyler,  Philip  J.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1768  in  l)utchess  county,  N.Y.  In 
1817-19  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  fifteenth  congress.  He  died 
F.'b.  21.   is:!...  ill   X.-w  York  City. 

Schuyler,  Philip,  soldier,  congressman. 
United   States   senator    was   born   Nov.   22, 


1733, 


in  Albany.  N.Y.  He  was  appointed 
major-general  in  the 
army  of  the  revolu- 
tion in  1775;  and  was 
dispatched  to  the  for- 
tifications of  the 
north  of  New  York, 
to  prepare  for  the  in- 
vasion of  Canada.  In 
1775  and  1778-81  he 
was  a  delegate  from 
New  York  to  ^ne  con- 
tinental congress; 
and  in  1789-91  and 
1797-99  he  was  Unit- 
ted  States  senator.  Me  died  Nov.  18,  1804, 
in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Schuyler,  Richard,  soldier,  legislator,  was 
born  in  1733  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He  was  a 
captain  under  Sir  William  Johnson;  and 
was  in  active  public  service  until  the  rev- 
olution. He  was  a  general  in  the  patriot 
army:  and  was  a  legislator  after  the  war. 
He  died  in  1804. 

Schuyler,  William,  educator,  author,  was 
born  May  4.  18.')5,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  Since 
1875  he  has  been  engaged  as  a  teacher, 
lecturer  and  writer  on  general  and  peda- 
gogical subjects.  Since  1895  he  has  been 
assistant  principal  of  a  high  school  in  St. 
Louis.  Mo.  He  is  the  author  of  An  Am- 
bassador of  Christ;  and  Under  Pontius 
Pilate;  and  has  composed  songs  and  music. 
Schuyler,  William  Henry,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, Avas  born  Oct.  15,  1848,  in  Hartle- 
ton.  Pa.  He  was  instructor  in  Lafayette 
college;  principal  of  the  Lewistown  and 
New  Bloomfield  academies;  and  in  1887-99 
was  pastor  of  the  presbyterian  church  in 
Everett.  Pa.  He  is  now  pastor  of  the  pres- 
byterian   church    of    Schellsburg.    Pa. 

Schwab,  Charles  M.,  civil  engineer,  man- 
ager, founder,  was  born  April  18,  1862.  in 
Williamsburg.  Pa.  He  became  president  of 
the  Carnegie  steel  company;  and  on  the 
organization  of  the  United  States  steel 
corporation  became  president  of  that  insti- 
tution. He  built  the  new  catholic  church 
at  Loretta.  Pa.:  and  established  the  indus- 
trial  school  of  Homestead,  Pa. 

Schwab,  John  Christopher,  educator,  li- 
brarian, autlior,  was  born  in  1865,  in  New 
York  City.  Since  1898  he  has  been  professor 
of  pcditical  economy;  and  since  1905  has 
been  librarian  at  Yale  university.  He  is 
the  editor  of  the  Yale  Review  of  New 
Haven.  Conn.  He  is  the  author  of  History 
of  New  York  Property  Tax;  and  The  Con- 
federate States  nt'   .\merica. 

Schwamb,  Peter,  educator,  meclianical 
engineer,  author,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1858, 
in  Arlington,  Mass.  Since  1883  he  has  been 
ill  cliarge  of  the  department  of  mechanic 
arts  at  the  Massachusetts  institute  of  tech- 
nology; and  since  1901  has  been  professor 
of  machine  design  in  that  institution.  He 
i.->  the  ;iiitlior  of  FJeiiients  of  Mechanism. 

Schwan,  Theodore,  s(ddier,  was  born  July 
9    1841.  in   (Jermany.    In   1857-58  he  served 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


in  the  United  States  army  in  the  Utah 
SpeSkn;a.dfor,ananta..dmer^^^^ 

Ke^Sei^apUun'and  m-Jjo";  an^^^ 
awarded  a  medal  of  honor.  In  lh6o-bi  he 
served  on  the  frontier  and  on  various  du- 
ties In  1898-1901  he  was  bngadier-gen- 
eral'of  volunteers;  and  commanded  the  ex- 
pedition which  expelled  the  Spanish  force, 
roi  western  Porto  Rico  after  twice  de- 
feating the  army.  He  also  commanded  the 
S>e'lSion  which  scattered  the  insurgent 
troops  in  Caviti  province;  and  in  1^00  com 

nianded  Schwan's  ^^P^^.^tl^'l^^^  ,,^^^Sa^,'s 
and  cai)tured  and  occupied  twenty  towns 
ani  this  ended  the  insru-rection  m  sovexa 

Wo    wis;    assigned    to    duty     as 
iivovinces.     xle     \\ci&    rt»Bigii>^'i  . 

JJesident  of  the  board  of  brevities  and  med- 
als of  honor  and  was  retired  in  1901. 

Schwarts,  John,  soldier,  congressman, 
^vas  born  Oct.  27.  1793,  in  Berks  county 
Pi  He  served  as  lieutenant  m  the  Ui.t 
wa'r  with  Great  Britain.  In  18.)9-G0  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirty-sixth  congress.   He  died  m  July,  Ibt.O. 

in  Reading,  Pa. 

Schwartz,  Jacob,  librarian,  author,  %\a=, 
born  March  K!,  1840,  in  New  \ork  City. 
In  1863  he  entered  the  Apprentices  library 
of  New  York,  of  which  he  became  chief 
librarian  in  1871.  The  method  of  manage- 
ment that  is  followed  there  was  devised  by 
iiim.  He  has  contributed  to  the  Library 
.[ournal   and   other   periodicals. 

Schwartz,  Julia  Augusta,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  3,  1873,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  Slie  is  the  author  of  Vassar  Studies; 
Five  Little  Strangers;  Famous  Pictures  of 
Children;   and  Beatrice  Leigh   at   College. 

Schwartz,  Karl,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  21,  1802,  in  New  York  City.  He 
graduated  from  Syracuse  university  and 
from  Berkeley  divinity  school.  In  1889-91 
he  was  rector  of  the  Trinity  protest aiit 
episcopal  church  of  Lowville,  N.Y.;  and  m 
1891-98  was  assistant  rector  of  the  church 
of  zion  and  St.  Timothy  of  New  York  City. 
In  1898-99  he  was  chaplain  of  the  first 
regiment  New  York  volunteers  in  the  Span- 
ish-American war.  with  the  rank  of  cap- 
tain. Since  1899  he  has  been  rector  of  the 
church  of  the  Saviour  at  Syracuse,  N.Y. 
He  is  the  author  of  A  Catechism;  A  Mes- 
sage; and  Inherited  Criminal  Tendencies 
and  How  Nature  Deals  with  Them. 

Schwarz,  George  Frederick,  forester,  au- 
thor, was  born  Ajiril  13.  1808,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  In  1899-1904  he  was  an  exeprt  in  the 
forest  service  in  the  United  States  depart- 
ment of  agriculture;  and  is  now  engaged  as 
a  consulting  forester.  He  is  the  author  of 
Forest  Trees  and  Forest  Scenery.  The  Rock 
River  and  Its  Relation  to  the  Surrounding 
Forests;  and  The  Longlcaf  Pine  in  Virgin 
Forest. 

Schwarzburger,  Carl,  designer,  engraver, 
was  born  July  7,  18.10.  in  Germany.  In 
1874   he   came    to   New    York   to    illustrate 


inaiiv.     He  received 


11  le  books  entitled  Picturesque  Australiasia. 
Schwatka,  Frederick,  naval  officer,  ex- 
plorer, author,  was  born  Sept.  29,  1849,  in 
Galena,  111.  He  Avas  a  naval  officer  and 
explorer.  He  was  the  author  of  In  the  Land 
of  Cave  and  Cliif  Dwellers;  Nimrod  in  the 
North;  Along  Alaska's  Great  River;  and 
The  Children  of  the  Cold.  He  died  Nov.  2, 
1892,  in  Portland,  Oregon. 

Schwatt,  Isaac  J.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  June  18,  1807,  in  Russia.  He  is  as- 
sistant professor  of  mathematics  in  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  series  of  Textbooks  of  ]\Iatliematics. 
Schwebach,  James,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1747,  in  Luxemburg. 
He  came  to  America  in  1804.  In  1892  he 
was  consecrated  bisliop  of  the  diocese  of 
La  Crosse,  having  for  ten  years  previous 
been   its  vicar-general. 

Schv/edtman,  Ferdinand  Charles,  electrical 
engineer,  was  born  May  13.  1805,  in  Ger- 
a  liigli  school  education 
in  Hanover  and  Am- 
sterdam. He  then 
spent  two  years  in 
South  America;  set- 
tled in  New  York  in 
1881;  and  there  stud- 
ied electrical  and 
mechanical  engineer- 
ing. He  was  Avith  the 
Edison  electric  com- 
pany of  New  York; 
and  later  was  super- 
intendent of  water 
service  of  the  Cotton 
Belt  railway  in  Arkansas.  In  1889  he  mov- 
ed to  St.  Louis;  and  became  chief  engineer 
of  the  Missouri  electric  light  and  power 
company  of  that  city.  He  was  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the  Wagner  electric  raanu- 
faetiiriiig  company  of  St.  Louis,  and  its 
manager  until  1904.  He  is  now  president 
of  the  Louisiana  contracting  company; 
I'lesident  of  the  Citizen's  industrial  associa- 
tion of  St.  Louis:  and  vice-president  of  the 
National  association  of  manufacturers.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  American  institute  of 
electrical  engineers;  a  member  of  the  St. 
Louis  engineers'  club;  and  a  member  of 
the  :\Iereantile  club.  University  club  and 
Oasis  club  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Schweinfurth,  Charles  Frederick,  design- 
er, architect,  was  born  in  18.50  in  Auburn, 
NY.  Since  1883  he  has  practiced  as  an 
architect  in  New  York  City.  His  works 
have  been  mostly  in  residence,  collegiate 
and  church  structures. 

Schweinitz,  Edmund  Alexander,  bishop, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  March 
20,  1825,  in  Bethlehem,  Pa.  He  was  a 
:\Ioravian  bishop  in  Pennsylvania;  and  pres- 
ident of  the  ^Moravian  college  in  1867-84. 
He  was  the  author  of  Tlie  Moravian  ]Man- 
ual;  'I'lie  Moravian  Episcopate;  Life  of 
Zeisberger,  the  ^Vestern  Pioneer  and  Apos- 
tle to  the  Indians;  Some  of  the  Fathers  of 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


133 


tlio  American  Moravian  Church;  History 
of  tile  C'iiurch  Known  as  the  Unitas  Fra- 
truni;  and  Systematic  Benevolence.  He 
died   Dec.   18,   1887,  in   Bcthleliom,  Pa. 

Schweinitz,  Emil  Alexander  De,  clKmist, 
Ijacteriuiugist.  author,  was  burn  Jan.  IS,  ISGC, 
in  Sak'ni.  X.C.  He  entered  the  clieniieal  di- 
vision of  the  ajrricultural  department  in 
Wasiiinjjton;  and  became  in  181)0  director 
of  the  Biochemic  hiboratory  of  the  agri- 
cultural department.  He  was  also  profes- 
sor of  chemistry  in  the  Columbian  uni- 
versity medical  school,  of  which  faculty 
he  was  dean.  He  was  the  author  of  A 
Chemical  Study  of  the  Osage  Orange  as 
a  Substitute  for  the  Mulberry  in  Rearing 
Silkworms;  The  Poisons  Produced  by  the 
Hog  Cholera  Germ;  The  Production  of 
Immunitv  to  Swine  Plague  by  Use  of  the 
Product.s"  of  the  Germs:  The  Use  of  Mal- 
lein  and  its  Active  Principles;  A  Prelim- 
inary Study  of  the  Poisons  of  the  Tuber- 
culosis Bacillus  and  the  Practical  Value 
and  Use  of  Tuberculm;  Artilicial  ^ledia 
for  Bacterial  Cultures;  The  Etlect  of  Tu- 
berculin on  the  Milk  of  Cows;  The  Chem- 
ical Composition  of  the  Tuberculosis  and 
(ilanders  Bacilli;  A  Hygenic  Study  of  Oleo- 
margarine; and  The  War  with  the  Mi- 
crobes. He  died  in  1004  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Schweinitz,  George  Edmund  De,  pliysi- 
cian,  author,  was  born  in  1858  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  is  a  physician  of  P]iiladeli)hia. 
Pa.;  and  is  professor  of  oplithalmology  in 
the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the 
author  of  Diseases  of  the  Eye;  Diseases 
of  the  Eye.  Ear,  Nose  and  Throat;  and 
To.vic    Amblyopias. 

Schweinitz,  Lewis  David  De,  clergyman, 
bi»taiii>t.  i.uthor.  was  born  Feb.  \'.i,  1780, 
in  IJethlehem.  Pa.  He  was  a  Moravian  cler- 
j.'ynian  of  Bethlehem,  Pa.;  and  a  famous 
botanist.  He  was  the  author  of  Conspec- 
tus Funfjorum  Lusatia*;  Synopsis  Fungo- 
rum  Carolina'  Sup<Mioris;  Synopsis  Fun- 
gorum  in  Amj-rica;  and  Boreali  Media 
Digentium.  He  died  "Feb.  8,  1834,  in  Beth- 
lehem, Pa. 

Scidmore,  Eliza  Ruhamah,  litterateur,  au- 
U'or.  \\as  IxMii  Oct.  14,  1S.")(),  in  .Madison, 
Wis.  ^he  is  foreign  secretary  of  the  na- 
tional geojrra pineal  society.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  westward  to  the  Far  East:  From 
East  to  West:  Guide  to  Alaska  and  the 
Northwest  Coast;  and  Java,  the  Carden 
of   the   East. 

Scidmore,  George  Hawthorne,  tliplomat. 
atitlior.  \\a>  Imrn  Oct.  12,  1S.')4,  in  l)u- 
bu(|ue,  Iowa.  Since  i!H)7  he  has  been  AnuT- 
ican  consulor  to  Nagasaki.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  American  Consulor  Courts  in  Ja- 
l;an. 

Scofield,    Edward,    soldier,    state    senator, 

governor.  w;is  born  March  28,  1842,  in  Clear- 

fiohl.    Pa.     During    the   civil    war    he    served 

in     the    eleventh    Pennsylvania     reserved; 

and   received   the  lirevet  of   major.    In    1886 


he  was  elected  state  senator  for  four  years; 
and  in  18!)7-1!)01  was  the  seventeenth  gov- 
ernor of  Wisconsin.  He  is  a  lumber  man- 
ufacturer   of    Oconto,    Wis. 

Scofield,  Glenni  William,  lawyer,  jurist, 
stall'  senator,  congressman,  was  born  March 
11,  1817,  in  Chautauqua  county,  N.Y.  In 
KS.lO-ol  he  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania assembly;  and  in  18o7-')9  was  in 
the  state  senate.  In  18f>l  he  was  appointed 
])resident  judge  of  the  eighteenth  judicial 
district  of  the  state.  In  1863-75  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirty-eighth,  thirty-ninth,  fortieth,  forty- 
first,  forty-second  and  forty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  republican.  He  was  register 
of  the  treasury  of  the  United  States  in 
1S78-81:  and  in  1881-01  was  an  associate 
justice  of  the  United  States  court  of  claims. 
He  died  Aug.  30,  1891,  in  Warren,  Pa. 

Scofield,  Levi  Tucker,  soldier,  architect, 
sculptor,  was  ln)rn  Nov.  0,  1842,  in  Cleve- 
land, Ohio.  He  served  throughout  the  civil 
var;  and  in  1804  attained  the  rank  of  cap- 
tain. Since  1807  he  has  been  engaged  in 
erecting  buildings  in  Cleveland.  Ohio,  and 
other  cities.  He  designed  the  Soldiers'  and 
sailors'  orphan  home  at  Xenia,  Ohio;  the 
Cleveland  house  of  correction;  and  the 
Athens  and  Columbus  asylums  for  the  in- 
sane. He  designed  the  Cuyahoga  county 
soldiers'  and  sailors'  monument  of  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 

Scofield,  Walter  Keeler,  naval  officer,  was 
Lorn  AiM-il  28,  IS.'iO,  in  Stamford,  Conn.  In 
1861  he  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon 
in  the  United  States  navy;  and  in  1866 
was  promoted  surgeon;  in  1883  became 
medical  ins])ector;  in  1800  was  advanced  to 
medical  director;  and  in  1901  was  retired 
with  the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 

Scollard,  Clinton,  educator,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Sept.  18,  1800,  in  Clinton,  N.Y. 
He  was  professor  of  English  literature  and 
Anglo-Saxon  at  Hamilton  college  in  1889- 
00;  and  is  a  well-known  poet.  His  poetical 
writings  are  Pictures  in  Song;  With  Reed 
and  Lyre;  Old  and  New  World  Lyrics; 
Songs  of  Sunrise  Lands;  Hills  of  Song; 
Skenandoa;  A  Boy's  Book  of  Rhyme;  and 
(Jjovio  and  (iuilia.  In  prose  he  has  pub- 
lished Under  Summer  Skies;  On  Sunny 
ShoH's;  A  Man-at-Arms;  Easter  Song;  and 
rther    works. 

Scott,  Abraham  M.,  i:overnor.  He  was  the 
liftli  governor  oi  .Mississip])i  in  1831-33.  He 
(lied    in    .Mississippi. 

Scott,  Alexander  H.,  soldier,  physician. 
suij,'c'nn.  was  ])orn  Sejit.  10,  18-10,  in  Sehool- 
<raft,  Mich.  He  gra<hiated  from  the  med- 
ical department  of  the  university  of  Mich- 
igan. In  1801-66  he  was  surgeon  in  the 
Unil<'d  States  army.  He  is  one  of  the 
foremost  jihysicians  and  surgeons  of  Mich- 
igan at  St.  Joseph;  has  been  director  of  the 
Union  school  for  twelve  years;  was  alder- 
man for  seven  terms;  and  for  three  terms 
was   mayor  of   St.  Josepli,   Mich. 


134 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Scott,  Andrew,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Aug.  (i,  1788,  in  Virginia.  He  was  the  first 
presiding  judge  of  the  supreme  court  ot 
the  territory  of  Arkansas  in  1820-28.  He 
killed  Judge  Joseph  Selden  in  a  duel,  and 
also  General  Edward  Hogan.  He  died  in 
1859    in   Pope    county.   Ark. 

Scott,  Angelo  Cyrus,  educator,  state  sen- 
ator, college  president,  was  born  Sept.  2.5, 
18,57,  in  Franklin,  Ind.  He  graduated  from 
tlie  university  of  Kansas;  and  graduated 
from  the  Columbian  university  law  school; 
and  has  received  the  degress  of  A.M.  and 
LL.M.  In  1885-97  he  practiced  laAv  in  lola, 
Kan.,  and  in  Oklahoma  City,  Okla.  In  1893 
he  was  executive  commissioner  for  Okla- 
homa to  the  World's  Columbian  exposition; 
and  in  1896-97  was  a  member  of  the  Okla- 
homa territorial  senate  as  a  republican. 
In  1897-99  he  was  professor  of  English  lan- 
guage and  literature  at  the  Oklahoma  ag- 
ricultural and  mechanical  college  at  Still- 
water, Okla.;  and  since  1899  has  been  pres- 
ident of  that  institution. 

Scott,  Austin,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  Aug.  10,  1848,  in  Maumee,  Ohio. 
In  1872-73  he  was  private  secretary  to 
George  Bancroft,  the  historian.  In  1873-75 
he  taught  German  in  the  university  of 
Michigan.  In  1883-90  he  was  professor  of 
history,  political  economy  and  constitu- 
tional law  in  Rutgers  college;  in  1890-1900 
was  president  of  that  institution;  and  since 
1906  has  been  professor  of  histor}'  and  po- 
litical   science    at    Rutgers    college. 

Scott,  C.  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1848  he 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of   Arkansas. 

Scott,  Charles,  soldier,  governor,  was  born 
in  1733  in  Cumberland  county,  Va.  He  was 
appointed  colonel  of  the  third  Virginia  bat- 
talion in  1776;  and  was  made  brigadier- 
general  in  1777.  He  was  the  fourth  govern- 
or of  Kentucky  in  1808-12.  He  died  Oct. 
23,   1813. 

Scott,  Charles,  soldier,  lawyer,  banker, 
was  born  Nov.  7,  1847,  in  Jackson,  Miss. 
At  tlie  age  of  fifteen  he  joined  the  confed- 
erate army,  and  serv- 
ed with  distinction. 
He  is  one  of  the  lead- 
ing lawyers  of  the 
south  at  Rosedale, 
Miss.;  the  president 
of  the  bank  of  Rose- 
dale;  prominent  in 
the  public  affairs  of 
his  city,  county  and 
state;  and  for  many 
years  was  president 
of  the  Mississippi 
levee  commissioners. 
He  is  possessed  of  a  constructive  talent 
which  places  him  in  tlie  front  rank  of  law- 
makers; and  his  name  has  several  times 
been  mentioned  in  connection  with  the  sen- 
atorsliij)   of   his   state. 

Scott,  Charles,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
born    Nov.     12,    1811,    in    Knoxville,    Tenn. 


He  was  a  lawyer  of  Jackson,  Miss.  He  was 
for  many  years  chancellor  of  the  superior 
court  of  chancery  of  the  state  of  Mississip- 
pi. He  was  the  author  of  Analogy  of 
Ancient  Craft  Masonry  to  Natural  and  Re- 
vealed Religion;  and  The  Keystone  of  the 
Masonic  Arch.  He  died  May  30,  1861,  in 
Jackson,  Miss. 

Scott,  Charles  Angus,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1858  in  England.  Since  1885  he 
lias  bt'en  a  professor  of  mathematics  at 
Bryn  IMawr  college  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
is  the  author  of  Certain  Modern  Ideas  in 
Plane    Analitical    Geometry. 

Scott,  Charles  Felton,  electrical  engineer, 
was  born  Sept.  19,  1864,  in  Athens  county, 
Ohio.  He  is  consulting  engineer  of  the 
Westinghouse  electric  and  manufacturing 
company.  In  1902  he  was  president  and 
is  now  a  member  of  the  Engineers  society 
of  Western,  Pa.;  and  in  1902-03  was  presi- 
dent of  the  American  institute  of  electrical 
engineers. 

Scott,  Charles  Frederick,  journalist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  7,  1860,  near  lola, 
Kansas.    He   received  the  rudiments  of  his 

education  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  his 
native  county,  and  at 
the  Kansas  state  uni- 
■  ^^         versify.      Since     1882 

^yflSfc-.THP  he  has  been  the  own- 
er and  editor  of  The 
Register  of  lola,  Kan. 
In  1891  he  was  ap- 
pointed member  of 
the  board  of  regents 
of  the  state  univer- 
sity, to  which  posi- 
tion he  has  been 
was  president  of  the 
Kansas  State  editorial  association  in  1893; 
president  of  the  Kansas  state  republican 
league  in  1805;  and  a  candidate  for  presi- 
t:(>ntial  elector  in  1896.  In  1892-96  he  was 
a  member  of  the  senate  of  the  Kansas 
state  legislature.  In  1901-11  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative-at-large  from  Kansas  to  the 
fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  six- 
tieth and  sixty-first  congresses.  He  is  the 
author  of  In  the  Far  East;  and  other 
works. 

Scott,  Charles  Lewis,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, diplomat,  congressman,  Avas  born  Jan. 
23.  1827,  in  Richmond,  Va.  In  1849  he  went 
to  California;  and  in  1857-61  he  was  a 
icpresentative  from  California  to  the  thir- 
ty-fifth and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  He 
left  his  seat  in  congress  in  1861;  went  to 
Alabama  and  enlisted  in  the  confederate 
army;  and  was  elected  major  of  his  regi- 
ment. In  1877  he  removed  to  Monroe  coun- 
ty, Ala.,  and  engaged  in  planting.  In  1881 
he  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Monroeville,  Ala.;  and  in  1885  was  ap- 
]H>inted  United  States  minister  to  Venezuela. 
Tie  died  April  30,  1899,  in  Mt.  Pleasant, 
Ala. 


thrice    reappointed ; 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


135 


Scott,  Charles  Winfield,  pliysician,  author, 
was  born  in  October,  184!1,  in  Johnson,  Vt. 
In    1863.    wlien    tliirtocn    years    of    ago,    he 

enlisted  in  the  union 
armys  at  fourteen 
years  of  age  lie  was 
ciiief  bugler  and  dia- 
pateii  carrier  in  the 
second  brigade  of  the 
/JIP*  'PIS^B  ^'^^*'  t^li^'ision  second 
corps  arnij'  of  the  Po- 
tomac; was  one  of 
the  youngest  soldiers 
of  the  civil  war;  and 
was  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Cold  Harbor, 
Va.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  work  entitled  Key  Notes  of  Health 
and  a  Century  of  Life;  and  several  medi- 
cal papers  on  Hygiene  and  Health. 

Scott,  Charlotte  Angas,  educator,  mathe- 
nuitician.  author,  was  born  June  8,  1858, 
in  Kngland.  In  1885  she  came  to  the 
Liiited  States  as  head  of  the  department  of 
matliematics  in  Brjn  ilawr  college  of  Penn- 
sylvania. She  is  the  author  of  An  Intro- 
ductory Account  of  Certain  ^Modern  Ideas 
i.nd  Methods  and  Plane  Analytical  Geom- 
etry;   and  Aritlimetic  for  Schools. 

Scott,  Eben  Greenough,  political  econo- 
mist, autlior.  was  born  June  15,  1836.  in 
Wilkes-Barre  Pa.  He  is  tlie  author  of  The 
interstate  Law  of  Pi-nnsylvania ;  and  De- 
velopment  of   Constitutional   Liberty. 

Scott,  Ebenezer  Greenough,  litterateur, 
r.utlior,  was  born  in  IS.'jti.  in  Pennsylvania. 
He  is  the  author  of  Development  of  Con- 
stitutional Liberty  in  the  English  Colonies 
of  America;  Connnentaries  upon  the  Inter- 
state System  of  Pennsylvania:  and  Recon- 
j^truction  During  the  Civil  War  in  the  Unit- 
ed   States    of    America. 

Scott,  Edward,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
in  1774.  in  N'irginia.  He  was  a  Tennessee 
lawyer;  and  prominent  in  the  state's  early 
history.  He  was  the  author  of  Laws  of 
the  State  of  Tennessee  in  1822.  He  died 
in    18.^2.   in    Tennessee. 

Scott,  Elmon,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Nov.  (>,  1853,  on  Isle  La  Motte,  Vt.  He  was 
educat<'d  in  the  public  schools  of  Michigan. 
In  1877  he  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
Charlotte,  Midi.;  and  served  one  term  as 
city  attorney  of  that  city.  In  1882  he 
entered  the  practice  of  law  at  Pomeroy, 
Wash.;  ami  was  several  times  mayor  of 
that  city.  In  18S!l-!l8  he  was  as'sociate 
justice  of  tiie  supreme  court  of  Wasliingtnn. 
Since  IS!(8  he  has  been  engagetl  in  practic- 
ing law  at  Htdlingliain.  Wash.;  and  is  also 
interested  in  mining  enterprises  in  the 
.Mennt   I'aker  mining  district. 

Scott,  Emily  M.,  jiainter.  artist,  was  born 
-Aug.  27.  1832,  in  SpriuL'water.  X.Y.  In 
I8!)5  she  was  awarded  a  medal  at  the 
.Mlantic  expf)sition;  and  in  l!t(»2  received  a 
prize  on  water  color  pictures  from  the 
Romance   art    club. 


Scott,  Francis  Markoe,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  March  14,  1848,  in  New  York  City. 
Since  18!»7  he  has  been  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  New  York  for  term  ending 
in   PJll. 

Scott,  Frank  Jesup,  architect,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  7.  1S2S.  in  Columbia,  S.C.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Art  of  Beautifying 
Home  (hounds;  and  The  Ornamental  Trees, 
Siirubs  and  Plants  of  the  United  States. 

Scott,  Fred  Newton,  educator,  author, 
v.as  born  Aug.  20,  18t)(),  in  Torre  Haute, 
Ind.  Since  liiOO  he  has  been  professor  of 
rhetoric  in  the  university  of  Michigan.  He 
is  the  author  of  Aesthetics,  Its  Problems 
and  Literature;  Principles  of  Style;  Guide 
to  Literature  of  Aesthetics;  and  other 
works. 

Scott,  George,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  .May  10,  1849,  in  New  York  City. 
He    was    educated    in    the    public    scliools; 

and  in  1877  gradu- 
ated from  Alfred  uni- 
versity. He  has  re- 
ceived the  honorary 
degrees  of  Litt.D. 
from  Alfred  univer- 
sity; and  LL.D.  and 
Ph.D.  from  Yale  uni- 
versity. In  1878-80 
he  was  professor  of 
Latin  and  Greek;  in 
1880-88  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  Latin  in  Al- 
fred university.  In 
1888-1901  he  was  professor  of  Latin  in 
Otterbein  university  of  Westerville,  Ohio; 
and  since  1901  has  been  president  of  the 
latter  institution.  In  1890  he  traveled  and 
studied  in  (xreece  and  Italy. 

Scott,  Frederick  R.,  railroad  president, 
was    born    in    18311.    in    Ireland.      Since    1873 


and 


lie    has    been    president    of    Richmond 
Petersburg  railroad  of  \'irginia. 

Scott,  George  Cromwell,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born .  Aug.  8,  1864.  in  Monroe 
county,  N.Y.  He  began  the  practice  of 
iaw  in  1887.  In  1911-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Iowa  to  the  sixty-second 
and    sixty-tliird    congresses. 

Scott,  George  Washington,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  KStil  he  was  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  sixty-lirst  regiment 
New  York  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
was   honorably   mustered  out   in    18(i5. 

Scott,  George  Winfield,  educator,  lawver. 
was  born  Aug.  25.  1875,  in  Adams,  N.Y. 
lie  has  been  law  librarian  of  congress  and 
the  supreme  court.  In  1906-07  he  was  j)ro- 
fessor  of  intern.itional  law  at  the  univer- 
sity   of    Pennsylvania. 

Scott,  Gustavus,  farmer,  lawyer,  congress- 
man,  was    born    in    Prince 
^'a.      In    1784-85    he    was 
^Maryland   to  the   continental   congress.      II,. 
(lied   in    1801.  in   Washington,  D.C. 

Scott,  Gustavus  Hall,  naval  ofricer,  w.is 
born  June    13.   1812,  in   Fairfax  county,  Va. 


\\'illiam    county, 
a    delegate    from 


136 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


He  served  in  the  civil  Avar;  and  attained 
tlie  rank  of  rear-admiral,  United  States 
navy.  He  died  ]Marcli  23,  1882,  in  Wa.sliing- 
ton.'  ]).C. 

Scott,  Guy  Charles,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Aug.  14,  1863,  in  Hendei'son  county, 
111.  In  1906-07  he  was  chief  justice:  and 
in  1903  became  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Illinois.  He  died  May  24,  1909,  in 
Galesburg,   111. 

Scott,  Harriet  Maria,  educator,  author. 
In  1886-99  she  was  principal  of  the  Detroit 
normal  training  school.  She  was  the  au- 
thor of  Organic  Education.  She  died  in 
1906,   in    Ann    Arbor.   ]\Iich. 

Scott,  Harvey  D.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Oliio.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Indiana  to  the  thirty-fourth 
congress  as  a  republican.  He  died  in  In- 
diana. 

Scott,  Harvey  W.,  journalist,  publisher, 
was  born  Feb.  1,  1838,  near  Peoria,  111.  He 
received   the  ludiments  of  his  education  in 

various  schools  in 
Oregon,  and  gradu- 
ated from  the  Pacific 
university.  In  1864 
he  moved  to  Port- 
land, Ore.,  intending 
to  follow  the  profes- 
sion of  law.  but  took 
up  writing  for  the 
])ress.  Since  1865  he 
lias  been  the  editor; 
and  later  bought  an 
interest  of  the  Ore- 
gonian,  the  leading 
daily  newspaper  of  that  state.  To  this  pub- 
lication he  has  since  devoted  Ifis  atten- 
tion. He  is  a  clear  and  forcible  writer,  and 
a  man  of  executive  ability  and  untiring 
energy. 

Scott,  Henry  Wilson,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Jan.  2(i,  1866.  in  Berlin, 
111.     He   was   educated   in   tlie   common    and 

high  schools  and  by 
private  tutors.  In 
1883  he  was  admitted 
to  tlie  practice  of 
law:  and  in  1888  was 
a])pointed  registrar  in 
the  United  States 
land  office  at  Larned, 
Kan.  In  1889  he  was 
democratic  candidate 
for  judge  of  the  six- 
teenth judicial  district 
of  Kansas:  and  in 
1S93  was  appointed 
L'nited  States  district  judge  for  Oklahoma 
teiritory.  He  resigned  to  resume  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  Scott's  Probate  Law  and  Prac- 
tice: Distinguislied  American  Lawyers:  His- 
tory and  Development  of  Courts  of  the 
State  of  New  York;  The  Evolution  of  Law, 
a  Historical  Review;  The  Evolution  of  Law, 
a    Commentary;    Laws    of   Nations;    Scott's 


Police  Powers;  The  Evolution  of  Corpo- 
lations  and  Corporate  Laws;  and  Uniform 
Marriage   and  Divorce. 

Scott,  Henry  Lee,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  in  1814,  in  Xortli  Carolina.  He  served 
in  tlie  Mexican  and  civil  wars.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  A  ]Militarv  Dictionary.  He 
died    in    1886. 

Scott,  Hugh  McDonald,  clergyman,  the- 
ologian, author,  was  born  March  31,  1848, 
in  Canada.  Since  1881  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  ecclesiastical  history  in  the  Chica- 
go theological  seminary.  He  is  the  author 
of   Tlie  Nicene  Theology. 

Scott,  Hugh  Raid,  lawyer,  banker,  state 
senator,  was  born  in  1855,  in  Piockingham 
county,  N.C.  In  1878  he  was  prosecuting 
attorney  of  his  native  country;  and  in  1881- 
84  was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina 
state  senate.  In  1885  he  organized  the  Citi- 
zens bank  of  Reidsville;  of  which  he  is 
[jresident.  He  ranks  high  in  the  profes- 
sion of  law ;  and  takes  an  active  part  in 
tlie  business  and  public  affairs  of  his  city, 
county    and    state. 

Scott,  Irving  Murray,  mechanical  engi- 
neer, inventor,  was  born  Dec.  25,  1837,  in 
Hebron  Mills,  Md.  He  has  invented  nu- 
merous appliances  connected  with  engines; 
and  also  in  mining  machinery.  He  W'as 
p.resident  of  the  Mechanics'  institute  and 
of  the  Art  institute  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Lie  was  at  the  liead  of  the  Union  iron 
works:  and  built  the  battleship  Oregon. 
He  died  April  28,  1903,  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

Scott,  Isaiah  Benjamin,  clergyman,'  college 
I  resident,  bishop,  was  born  Sept.  30,  1854, 
in  Woodford  county,  Ky.  In  I8!)3-96  he 
was  president  of  Wiley  university  of  Mar- 
shall, Texas:  and  in  1896-1904  was  editor 
of  the  Southwestern  Christian  Advocate  of 
New  Orleans,  La,  Since  1904  he  has  been 
a    methodist   episcopal  bishop   of  Africa. 

Scott,  James,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1813  he 
was  appointed  an  associate  justice  of  the 
United  States  court  for  tlie  territory  of 
Indiana.     He  died  in  Indiana. 

Scott,  James,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1806,  in  Scotland,  He  was 
pastor  at  German  Valley  and  Newark,  N.J. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  dissertation  on  the 
genius  of  Robert  Pollok  in  his  Life;  and 
a  narrative  poem  called  The  Guardian 
Angel.     He    died    in    1857.   in    Newark,   N.J. 

Scott,  James  Brown,  educator,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  June  3,  1866,  in  Canada. 
In  1894-99  he  practiced  hn\"in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.:  and  in  1896  organized  the  Los  Angeles 
law  scliool,  now  the  law  department  of  the 
university  of  Southern  California  of  which 
he  was  dean  in  1896-99.  In  1899-1903  he 
was  dean  of  the  college  of  law  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Illinois:  and  since  1903  has  been 
professor  of  law  at  the  Columbia  law  school 
of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
Cases  on  International  Law:  and  Cases  on 
Equity    Pleading, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


137 


Scott,  James  Hutchison,  naval  ofliciT,  rail- 
road inanaj^er,  was  born  Feb.  11,  18G8,  in 
Kast  Libert}',  Pa.  He  received  the  thanks 
of  congress  and  medals  and  medallion  for 
jiallantry  during  the  Spanish-American  war. 
He  was  navigator  on  the  I'nitt'd  States 
steainsliij)  (iresham  when  slie  received  the 
Portnguese  bark  Fraternidada.  saving  over 
one   hundred    lives. 

Scott,  James  W.,  journalist.  ]nil)lisher, 
was  born  June  20,  184!),  in  \\aI\vortii  coun- 
ty. Wis.  He  was  the  editor  and  owner  of 
the  Chicago  Herald,  Times  and  Evening 
Post;  and  part  owner  of  Daily  National 
Hotel  Reporter.  He  died  April  14,  18!)3,  in 
New  York  City. 

Scott,  Job,  educator,  clergyman,  founder, 
was  born  Oct.  18,  1751,  in  Providence,  K.I. 
He  taught  in  a  private  school  near  Lansdale, 
R.I.  He  was  an  early  promoter  and  vigor- 
ous advocate  for  the  better  educatiim  of 
the  Friends.  He  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  methodist  episcoi)al  Friends'  yearly 
meeting  boarding  school.  He  died  Nov. 
22,    \im,   in   Ireland. 

Scott,  John,  congressman,  was  burn  in 
1782,  in  Hanover  county.  \'a.  In  18ir)-2l 
lie  was  a  territorial  delegate  from  Missouri 
to  the  fourteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
congresses;  and  in  1821-27  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  ^lissouri  to  the  seventeenth, 
eighteeiitli  and  nineteenth  congresses.  He 
died    lunc  i),  1861,  in  St.  Genevieve,  Mo. 

Scott,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
liuiitiiigdoM  count\',  Pa.  In  182!>-31  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
twenty-lirst  congress.  He  died  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Scott,  John,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
April  2;i,  J82(J,  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.  In 
1841  he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 
law;  and  in  18.50  edited  the  Richmond 
Whig.  Hi-  entered  the  confederate  serv- 
ice; and  became  a  colonel.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Lost  Principles  of  the  Federal 
(Government  at  the  Sectional  iMjuilibrium. 
lie  died  Nov.  21),  18nfi.  in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Scott,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
(Jet.  27.  1820,  in  Washington  county,  Pa. 
In  187!t-8!l  he  edited  the  Methodist  Recorder 
of  Pitt>l)ingh.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
I'ulpit  Felloes:  and  Tiie  Land  of  Sojourn. 
lie  died   March  22,   188!).  in   Pittsburg,    Pa. 

Scott,  John,  soldier,  journalist,  author, 
was  bnni  April  24.  1824,  in  .lellerson  coun- 
ty, (.)hio.  He  served  in  the  Mexican  and 
civil  wars;  and  was  promoted  colonel  of 
the  thirty-second  infantry  in  I8(i4.  In 
i8ti7-ti!»  he  was  lieutenant-governor  of  l(»wa. 
He  is  the  author  of  (ienealogv  of  Hugh 
Scott:  and  The  Story  of  the  Thirty-Sec- 
<  nd    lo\\:a    \'(dunteers. 

Scott,  John,  hiwyer.  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  July  14,  1824,  in  Alexandria. 
Pa.  He  was  a  prosecuting  attorney  in 
184(5-4!);  was  for  ten  years  solicitor  fur 
the  Pennsylvania  railroad  company;  and 
in    18()2    was    elected    to    the    state    legisla- 


ture. In  1869-75  he  was  United  States 
senator  frjm  Pennsylvania.  He  died  Nov. 
oO,  18!)(i,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Scott,  John  G.,  manufacturer,  congressman, 
was  born  Dec.  2(»,  1819,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  In  1862  he  was  elected  a  representa- 
tive from  Missouri  to  the  thirty-eighth 
congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  Mis- 
souri. 

Scott,  John  Hart,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Jan.  4,  1847,  in  Northville, 
Mich.  In  1874-81  he  was  pastor  in  Cleve- 
land and  Ypsilanti;  and  in  1897-1905  was 
[iresident  of  the  Indiana  university  of  Indi- 
;Mia    territory. 

Scott,  John  Joseph,  soldier,  physician, 
surgeon,  was  born  Oct.  23,  1837,  at  Scott's 
Ferry,  S.C.  In  1857  he  was  appointed 
surgeon  to  (Lleneral  William  Walker's  ex- 
pedition to  Nicaragua.  During  the  civil 
war  he  was  in  the  confederate  service; 
and  in  1862  was  made  acting  surgeon  of 
the  sixteenth  regiment  Louisiana  volun- 
teers. He  tiien  enlisted  as  a  private  sol- 
dier; and  participated  in  the  battles  of 
I'armington  and  in  the  fight  at  Boonville. 
He  tlien  again  became  assistant  surgeon; 
and  subse(|uently  until  18()5  he  was  assist- 
ant surgeon  to  the  sixteenth  Texas  regi- 
ment. He  was  the  author  of  Monograph  on 
the  Indirect  Toxicological  Action  of  Stricli- 
nia.  He  died  Dec.  1.  1!>07,  in  Shreveport, 
La. 

Scott,  John  Loughran,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  in  1846,  in  Bovina, 
N.Y.  Since  18!H  lie  has  be<'n  pastor  of 
the  MeDo\\(dl  memorial  presbyterian  chuich 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
.\ge  of  Fable;  Jlemoir  of  Tennyson;  Me- 
moir of   Burns;    and   The  Age  of  Chivalry. 

Scott,  John  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1823.  He  was  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Illinois.  He  died  Jan.  21,  1897, 
in    Blooniington.    111. 

Scott,  John  Morin,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1730,  in  New  York.  He  was  secretary 
of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1778-79;  and 
ii!  1780-83  he  was  a  delegate  from  New 
York  to  the  continental  congress.  He  died 
S(i)t.    14.    1784,    in    New    York. 

Scott,  John  Morin,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Oct.  25,  1789.  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  for  many  years  a  member  of  the 
Ptiila(lel|)liia  city  councils;  a  delegate  to 
the  state  <()nstit\itional  convention  of  1837; 
and  in  1841-44  served  as  mayor.  He  died 
.April   3,    lS.-)8.   in    Philadelphia.   Pa. 

Scott,  John  Reed,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  8,  1869,  in  CJeittysburg.  Pa.  In 
18!ll  he  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
(iettysburg.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
(■(donel  of  the  Red  Hussars;  and  Beatrix 
of   Clare. 

Scott,  John  Rudolph,  actor,  was  born  Oct. 
17.  18(i!l.  in  Phihuhlphia,  Pa.  He  first  ap- 
peared at  the  New  York  Park  theater  in 
the  jiart  of  Malcidin  in.  Macbeth.  He  rose 
to  distinction  in  leading  tragic  roles.  He 
died    March    2,    1856.    in    Philadelphia,    Pa. 


138 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Scott,  John  T.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
May  6,  1831,  in  Glasgow,  Ky.  He  re- 
moved to  Terre  Haute,  Ind.  In  1868  he 
was  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas;  and  was  again  elected  to  the  judge- 
ship in  1872. 

Scott,  John  Witherspoon,  educator,  clergy- 
man was  born  .Ian.  22.  1800.  in  Beaver 
county,  Pa.  He  taught  school  for  a  num- 
ber of  years;  and  in 
1824-81  filled  the 
chair  of  natural  sci- 
ence and  matliemat- 
ics  in  various  insti- 
tutions. In  1830  he 
was  ordained  a  cler- 
gyman in  the  pres- 
byterian  church ;  and 
during  the  Harrison 
administration  he  was 
a  member  of  the  pres- 
ident's family  at  the 
White  house.  He 
joundcfl  Belmont  college  of  Ohio;  and  also 
O.xford  female  college,  of  which  he  was 
for  ten  years  president.  His  son,  John 
JS'eal  Scott,  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  Port 
Townsend,  Wash.;  and  liis  daughter  is  the 
wife  of  ex-President  Benjamin  Harrison. 
He  iVu'd  Nov.  20,  1892.  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Scott,  Joseph,  lawyer,  publicist,  was  born 
duly  16,  1S67,  in  Penrith,  Cumberland  coun- 
ty, England.  He  received  the  degree  of 
A.iM.  from  St.  Bonaventure's  college  of 
Alleglieny,  X.Y.:  and  subsequently  received 
the  degree  of  Pli.D.  from  the  Santa  Clara 
college  of  California.  Since  1803  he  has 
]iracticed  law  in  California;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Los  Angeles  revision  cora- 
iiiission  in  1002.  In  1906-11  he  Avas  presi- 
dent of  tlie  board  of  education;  and  has 
been  president  of  the  Los  Angeles  chamber 
of  commerce.  For  seven  years  he  has  been 
vice-jiresident  of  tlie  southwest  museum; 
and  is  honorary  vice-president  of  the  Pan- 
ama-Pacilie  International  exposition  com- 
pany. 

Scott,  Julian,  ])ainter.  artist,  was  born 
Feb.  14,  1846.  in  Johnson,  Vt.  Among 
liis  works,  mostly  pictures  of  army  life, 
are  Rear-Guard  "at  White  Oak  Swamp, 
owned  by  the  Union  League  club;  Battle  of 
Cedar  Creek,  in  the  state-house  at  Mont- 
pelier,  \t.;  Battle  of  (iblding's  Farm;  The 
Recall;  and  On  Board  the  Hartford.  He 
died   July  4.   1901.   in    Plainfield,  N.J. 

Scott,  Lawrence  W.,  journalist,  clergy- 
man, author,  poet,  was  born  INIay  29.  1S46, 
in  Monongalia  county,  Vt.  In  his  youth 
he  learned  the  printer's  trade  in  Texas,  and 
was  local  editor  of  the  Dailj^  Leader  of 
Covington.  Ky.  In  186()  he  entered  the 
ministry,  and  became  somewhat  distin- 
guislied  as  a  theological  disputant.  In 
1872  he  returned  to  Texas,  where  he  pub- 
lislied  the  Olive  Branch,  which  was  after- 
ward consolidated  with  the  Soutliern  Chris- 
tian Weekly.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Paradox, 
and  other  poems^  and  several  prose  works. 


Scott,  Levi,  clergyman,  bishop,  was  born 
Oct.  11,  1802,  near  Odessa,  Del.  In  1826 
he  was  licensed  as  a  local  preacher;  and 
after  filling  several  pastorates  he  was  ap- 
jiointed  presiding  elder.  In  1840-42  he  was 
principal  of  the  Dickinson  grammar  school; 
and  in  1852  he  was  ordained  bishop  of  the 
inethodist  episcopal  church.  He  died  July 
13.    18S2.    in    Odessa,   Del. 

Scott,  Martin,  soldier,  was  born  Jan.  17, 
1788,  in  Bennington,  Vt.  He  was  ap- 
pointed a  lieutenant  in  the  army  in  1814; 
was  brevetted  major  in  1846;  and  Avas  bre- 
vetted  lieutenant-general  for  services  at 
;\Ionterey,  where  he  Avas  killed.  He  died 
Sept.  8,  1847.  near  Molino  Del  Rey,  Mexi- 
co. 

Scott,  Mary  Augusta,  educator,  author. 
She  is  professor  of  English  at  Smith  col- 
kge  at  Northampton,  ^lass.  She  is  the 
author  of  Elizabethan  Translations  From 
the    Italian. 

Scott,  Nathan  Bay,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
banker.  United  States  senator,  was  born 
Dec.  18,  1842,  in  Guernsey  county,  Ohio. 
In  1862-65  he  served  as  a  soldier  in  the 
civil  Avar.  He  then  engaged  in  tlie  manu- 
facture of  glass  at  Wheeling,  W.Va.;  is 
jaesident  of  the  Central  glass  Avorks;  and 
president  of  the  Dollar  savings  bank.  In 
1882-90  he  served  as  a  member  of  the 
West  Virginia  state  senate.  In  1899-1911 
he  Avas  United  States  senator  from  West 
X'irginia. 

Scott,  Orange,  clergvman.  author,  Avas 
born  Feb.  13,  ISOO.  in 'Brookfield,  Vt.  He 
Avas  the  author  of  An  Appeal  to  the  Meth- 
odist Episcopal  Church.  He  died  July  31, 
1847,  in  NcAvark.  N.J. 

Scott,  Owen,  laAvyer,  journalist,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  6,  1848.  in  Effingham, 
111.     For  eight  years  he  Avas  superintendent 

of  schools  for  Effing- 
ham  county.  111.     He 
practiced   law   for  ten 
years;    and    then    en- 
gaged    in     neAvspaper 
Avork.      He    published 
the   Effingham   Demo- 
crat, leaving  it  to  be- 
come   proprietor    and 
manager      of      the 
Bloomington         Daily 
and  Weekly  Bulletin; 
and     is     one     of     the 
publishers  of  Decatur 
Avas    elected    city    at- 
of    Effingham;    and    in 
lie   Avas  a   representative   from   Illi- 
the     fifty-second    congress    as    a 


Daily    Herald.      He 
tcrney    and    mayor 
1S91-93  h 
nois     to 
democrat. 

Scott,  Richard  A.,  lawyer 
iui  associate  justice  of  the 
ol     ^^'y(nnillg. 

Scott,  Robert  Eden,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  horn  Ai)ril  22,  1808,  in  Fauquier  coun- 
ty, Va.  He  Avas  elected  commonwealth's 
attorney;  and  for  many  consecutive  years 
lepresenteil  liis  county  in  the  Virginia  state 


jurist.     He   is 
supreme   court 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


139 


legislature.  In  1850  he  was  a  member  of 
the  \'irginia  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion; and  in  1861  of  the  secession  con- 
vention. He  was  a  vehement  advocate 
of  the  Union  up  to  the  time  that  Virginia 
seceded.  He  was  a  member  of  the  provi- 
sional congress  of  tlie  confederate  states. 
He   died  May   3,   18C2,  near   Salem,  Va. 

Scott,  Robert  Kingston,  soldier,  physi- 
cian, governor,  wa.s  born  July  8,  1826, 
in  Armstrong  county.  Pa.  He  was  in  Sher- 
man's operations  before  Atlanta,  and  in 
the  march  to  the  sea.  He  was  assistant 
commissary  in  1865-68;  and  was  the  for- 
tieth governor  of  Soutii  Carolina  in  1869-73. 
He  died  Aug.  11,  1900.  in  Napoleon,  Ohio. 
Scott,  Robert  Nicholson,  soldier,  autlior, 
was  born  Jan.  21,  1S3S,  in  Winchester  coun- 
ty, Tenn.  He  was  an  army  officer;  and 
in  charge  of  tlie  publication  of  war  rec- 
ords at  Washington  in  1877-87.  He  was 
the  author  of  Digest  of  the  Military  Laws 
of  the  United  States.  He  died  March  5, 
iS87.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Scott,  Rufus,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
Vork.  He  served  througliout  the  civil  war; 
and  in  1865  was  bre vetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.  He  died  Oct.  16,  1896. 
Scott,  Rufus  Leonard,  lawyer,  was  born 
March  31,  1835,  in  Lanesborough,  Mass. 
In    1861   he   was   admitted   to   the   bar.   and 

has  since  continued 
the  practice  of  law  in 
the  city  of  New 
York,  residing  in 
Brooklyn.  In  1877  he 
was  elected  regis- 
trar of  arrears  for 
the  city  of  Brooklyn; 
and  he  was  instru- 
mental in  having  the 
plan  of  advertising 
the  tax  sales  in  pam- 
plilet  form  for  distri- 
bution, with  a  refer- 
in  iiic  daily  papers,  instead  of 
in  detail  tluougli  the  press; 
leasure  subse<|uently  Ijecanie  a 
law.  He  lias  been  a  member  of  the  board 
of  aldermen:  a  member  of  the  board  of 
(ducation:  was  a  leader  in  securing  rapid 
transit  for  tlie  city:  one  of  the  promoters 
and  founders  of  the  Bushwick  and  East 
Urnoklyn  <lispensary;  and  also  one  of  the 
rounders  of  til"  Bushwick  savings  bank. 
Scott,  Samuel  Parsons,  lawyer,  author, 
V  as  horn  .Inly  S.  IS  1(1.  in  Hilisboro,  Ohio. 
In  1869-75  he  practiced  law.  He  is  the 
i'litlior  of  Through  Spain;  and  History  of 
the   Moorish    Kmpire   in    lairope. 

Scott,  Sutton  Selwyn,  lawyer,  farmer, 
statismaii.  aiitlmr,  was  liorn  X<»v.  26,  182ri, 
in  lluntsville,  Ala.  In  1857-60  he  was  a 
member  of  tlie  Alabama  state  legislature 
from  Madi'^on  county.  In  1875  lie  was  a 
dfh  gat<-  to  the  Alabama  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  and  in  1880  was  a  del- 
egate   to   the    national    democratic    conven- 


ence  notice 
advertising 
ami    this    n 


tion.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Alabama 
state  legislature  from  Russell  county  in 
1884  and  1890.  He  is  the  author  of  South- 
hooke.  Southern  Tales  and  Sketches;  and 
The    ^fobilians. 

Scott,    Thomas    Alexander,    soldier,    rail- 
road   president,   was   born   Dec.  28,    1824,   in 
London,    Pa.      He    was    commissioned    col- 
onel   of    the    District 
'  --.»---  yj-     Columbia     volun- 

teers; and  a  few 
weeks  later  was  ap- 
1)0  in  ted  in  charge  of 
all  government  rail- 
ways and  telegraphs. 
In  1861  he  was  ap- 
pointed assistant  sec- 
retary of  war;  and 
in  1863  became  col- 
onel and  assistant 
quartermaster  on  the 
staif  of  General 
Hooker.  In  1871-72  he  was  president  of  the 
Union  Pacific  railway  company;  in  1872 
was  elected  president  of  the  Texas  Pacific 
li'.ilway  company;  and  in  1873  was  elected 
{•resident  of  tiie  Atlantic  and  Pacific  rail- 
way company.  In  1874  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  Pennsvlvania  railroad  com- 
j.any.     He  died  May  21.  1881,  in  Darby,  Pa. 

Scott,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1789-91  and  1793-95  he 
\\as  a  r(Mjresentative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  first  and  third  congresses.  He  died 
in    Pennsylvania. 

Scott,  Thomas  Fielding,  clergyman,  bisli- 
cp,  was  born  March  12.  1807^  in  Iredell 
county,  N.C.  In  1854  he  was  consecrated 
missionary  bishop  of  Oregon  and  Wash- 
ington territories.  He  died  July  14,  1867, 
in    New    York    City. 

Scott,  Thomas  Gibney,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, was  born  Aug.  2,  1824,  in  Union- 
town.  Pa.  He  has  attained  success  as  an 
eminent  clergyman  and  home  missionary; 
and  has  filled  pastorates  in  Westfield,  Pa., 
in  .Mechanicstown  and  Beech  Springs,  Ohio; 
and  now  fills  a  pastorate  in  Champaign. 
111. 

Scott,  Thomas  Morton,  soldji-r,  business 
man.  was  born  June  25.  1824.  in  Cadi/.. 
Ohio.  He  is  engaged  in  business  in  Me- 
lissa, Texas.  He  served  in  the  Mexican 
war.  lie  was  captain  in  the  confederate 
service.  In  1896  lie  was  l)revetted  major- 
j^eneral  of  the  United  confederati-  veter- 
ans. 

Scott,  Thomas  W.,  scJdier.  banker,  was 
Imrii  near  Danville,  HI.  He  serveil  nearly 
tour  years  in  the  civil  war.  For  a  while 
he  was  engag«!d  in  mercantile  ])ursuits  in 
Olney;  111.;  and  in  1873  moved  to  Fair- 
field. In  1S,S8  and  1904  he  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  re[nibli(an  national  eo?iventions. 
He  has  b<'en  commissioner  of  the  south- 
ern Illinois  ])enitentiary ;  and  in  1903  was 
appointed    adjutant-general,    with    the    rank 


140 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


of  brigadier-general.  He  is  president  of 
(he  First  national  bank  of  Fairfield,  111. 
Scott,  Walter,  founder,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  31,  1796,  in  Scotland.  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Disciples  or  Canipbell- 
ites.  He  was  the  author  of  Tiie  Gospel 
Eestored;  and  The  Great  Demonstration. 
He  died  April  23,  1861,  in  May's  Lick,  Ky. 
Scott,  Walter  Dill,  educator,  author,  was 
born  May  1,  1869,  in  Cooks ville,  111.  Since 
1901  he  has  been  professor  of  psychology 
and  pedagogy  at  the  Northwestern  univer- 
sity of  Evanston,  111.  He  is  the  author 
of 'The  Theory  of  Advertising;  The  Psy- 
chology of  Public  Speaking;  Die  Psychol- 
ogic der  Triebe. 

Scott,  Walter  Quincy,  soldier,  educator, 
clergyman,  college  president,  was  born  in 
i841,'in  Dayton,  Oliio.  He  served  througli- 
out  the  civil  war  in  the  Union  army.  He 
hlled  pastorates  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and 
in  Albany,  N.Y.  In  1881-83  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Ohio  state  university  at  Co- 
lumbus. In  1884-89  he  was  principal  of 
tlie  Phillips  Exeter  academy  of  New  Hamp- 
sliire. 

Scott,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1841- 
43  and  1851-57  he  was  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court  of  Missouri.  He  died  in 
Cole,    Mo. 

Scott,  William  A.,  founder,  donor,  was 
born  Dec.  18,  1818,  in  Crawford  county, 
Ind.  In  1845  he  was  the  owner  of  the 
land  on  which  East  Des  Moines  has  been 
built.  He  built  the  first  bridge  along  the 
Des  Moines  river  and  laid,  out  the  city  of 
l<]ast  Des  Moines  on  hi:-  farm.  He  donated 
most  of  the  land  on  which  the  permanent 
s,tate  house  stands.  The  Governor's  square 
a.nd  other  ground  amounting  to  fifteen 
acres.    He  died  June  23,  1859,  in  Colorado. 

Scott,  William  Amasa,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  17,  1862,  in  Clarkson,  N.Y. 
He    was    educated    at    the    state    normal 

school    of    Brockport, 
N.Y. ;      university     of 
Rochester;   and  Johns 
Hopkins       university. 
He  has  filled  the  cliair 
of  history  and  politi- 
cal    science     in    vari- 
ous institutions,  prin- 
cipally  ill  the  univer- 
sity   of    South    Dako- 
ta.     Johns      Plopkins 
university,    and    since 
1892    in    the    univer- 
Wisconsin, 
of    economic 
e   author    of 
and    various 


sity      of 
the    chair 
He    is    tl 


w  here     lie    now     I'll 
history    and    theory- 
Uepiidiation    of    State    Debts; 
articles    on    economic    subjects. 

Scott,  William  Anderson,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  v.ns  born  Jan.  31,  1813,  in 
Rock  Creek,  Tenii.  He  was  a  ju-ofessor 
in  the  Theological  seminary  of  San  Fran- 
cisco in  1871-85.  He  Avas  the  author  of 
The    P.ible    and    Politics;    Strauss    and    Re- 


nan;  Daniel,  a  Model  for  Y'oung  Men; 
Achan  in  El  Dorado;  The  Giant  Judge; 
The  Church  in  the  Army;  The  Christ  of 
file  Apostles'  Creed;  and  Trade  and  Let- 
ters. He  died  Jan.  14,  1885,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco,   Cal. 

Scott,  William  Berryman,  educator,  ge- 
ologist, author,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1858, 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  is  professor  of 
gt'ology  and  paleontology  in  Princeton  uni- 
\  ersity  of  New  Jersey.  He  is  the  author 
of    An    Introduction    to    Geolog}\ 

Scott,  William  Cowper,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  13,  1817,  in  Martins- 
burg,  Va.  He  was  the  author  of  a  work 
on  Genius  and  Faith,  or  Poetry  and  Re- 
ligion in  their  Mutual  Relations.  He  died 
Oct.  23.  1854.  in  Rethesda.  Va. 

Scott,  William  Earl  Dodge,  curator,  orni- 
thologist, author,  was  born  April  22,  1852, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1874-85  he  was  cur- 
ator at  Princeton  university;  and  since 
1897  has  been  curator  in  the  department 
of  ornithology  of  that  institution.  He  is 
the  author  of  Bird  Studies;  Story  of 
liird    Love]-;    and    Birds   of   Patagonia. 

Scott,  William  Forse,  soldier,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  27,  1844,  in  Dayton, 
Ohio.  In  1861-65  he  served  from  private 
to  adjutant  in  the  fourth  Iowa  cavalry. 
He  is  now  a  successful  lawyer  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Story 
of  A  Cavalry  Regiment;  and  of  a  His- 
torical Roster  of  the  Fourth  Iowa  Cavalry 
\'eterans. 

Scott,  William  Henry,  educator,  college 
])resident,  was  born  Sept.  14,  1840,  in 
Chauncey,  Ohio.  He  tilled  the  chair  of 
Greek  in  the  Ohio  university  at  Athens  in 
18ti9-72;  and  was  its  president  in  1872- 
83.  In  1883-95  he  was  president  of  the 
Ohio  state  university  at  Columbus,  in  which 
institution  he  now  tills  the  chair  of  phil- 
osophy. 

Scott,  Winfield,  soldier,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  13,  1786,  in  Petersburg,  Va. 
He    joined    the    army    in    1808;    was    made 

lieutenant-colonel  in 
1812;  and  passed 
through  the  war  that 
ensued  with  great 
honor  to  himself  and 
his  com])any.  He 
was  brevetted  major- 
general  in  1814;  and 
was  made  general-in- 
chief  of  the  armj^  in 
1841,  being  the  four- 
teenth commander  of 
the  United  States  ar- 
my. He  Mas  made 
lieutenant-general  in  1855.  He  was  voted 
a  gold  medal  for  his  service  in  the  war 
of  1S12.  rie  was  a  candidate  for  the  presi- 
(ieiuy  in  1852.  He  Avas  the  author  of  Gen- 
( ral  Regulations  of  the  Army;  System  of 
Infantry  and  Rifle  Tactics;  and  Autobi- 
ograi)hv.  He  died  May  29,  18()6,  in  West 
Point.    N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


141 


Scott,  William  Lawrence,  manufacturer, 
coiigrL'8.sinaii,  was  born  July  2,  1828,  in 
Wasliington,  D.C.  He  wa.s  a  page  in  the 
national  house  of  representatives  in  1840- 
4G;  and  in  1848  settled  at  Erie,  Pa.  As 
president  or  director  he  was  interested 
in  twenty-two  tliousand  miles  of  completed 
road.  He  was  elected  mayor  of  Erie  in 
1860,  ahd  1871.  In  1885-81)"^  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty- 
nintli  and  liftietli  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  Sept.  lt>,  18!tl,  in  Erie,  Pa. 
Scottow,  Joshua,  colonist,  was  born  in 
161.'),  in  Kiiglaiid.  He  was  the  author  of 
Old  Men's  Eears  for  their  Own  Declen- 
sions; and  a  Narrative  of  tiie  Planting  of 
Massachusetts  Colony.  He  died  Jan.  20, 
l(i!)8.    in    Boston.    Mass. 

Scouller,  James  Brown,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  12,  1820,  near  NewvilK', 
Pa.  He  was  tiie  author  of  ^lanual  of  the 
United  Presbyterian  Church;  History  of  tiie 
United  Presbyterian  Church;  and  Calvan- 
ism:  Hs  History  and  Inlluence.  He  died 
Sept.   11.   IS!)!),   ill   Xewville,   Pa. 

Scovel,  Charles  Woodruft,  lawyer,  in- 
surance i)resi(lcnt,  was  born  Aug.  IG,  18(52, 
in  S])ringHc]tl.  Ohio.  In  18S.'5  he  gradu- 
ated from  tiie  \\'estern  university  of  IVnn- 
.sylvania  witii  the  degree  of  A.B.;  attend- 
td  the  Columbia  university  law  school  in 
188.'5-84:  and  attended  tiie  university  of 
15<"rlin  in  18S4-8.").  In  18Sr(-!»7  lie  practiced 
law  in  Pittsburgh.  Pa.;  and  since  1897  has 
been  manager  for  western  Pennsylvania  of 
I  he  Pro\  ident  savings  life  assurance  so- 
ciety of  New  York.  In  l!)()l-()2  he  was 
president  of  tiie  I'ittsburg  life  underwriters' 
association:  and  in  l!)0.)-0()  was  president 
of  the  national  association  of  life  under- 
writers. 

Scovel,  Sylvester  Fithian,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  autiior,  was  born 
l)ec.   20,    18:5."),   in   Harrison,  Oiiio.     In    ISo:} 

lie  graduated  from 
tiie  colh'gc  of  Han- 
over, Ind.,  witii  the 
degree  of  A.M.  In 
ISOfi-Sa  he  was  pastor 
of  tiie  first  presby- 
ter i  a  n  ciiurcii  of 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  and 
in  188;j-!)8  was  presi- 
dent of  the  univer- 
sity of  Wooster.  Oiiio, 
where  he  also  fills  the 
cliair  of  professor  of 
morals  and  sociology, 
is  tiie  autiior  of  Centennial  History  of 
First  Presbyl.rian  Cliurcii  of  Pittsburgh. 
Scovell,  Josiah  Thomas,  soldier,  educator, 
author,  was  ix.rn  July  2!),  1841.  in  Vermont- 
villc.  Micii.  He  was  four  montlis  in  tiie 
I'liion  army  in  lS(i(i.  in  tiie  one  hundred  and 
liftietii  (Jhio  reginn-nt.  He  is  the  author  of 
Lessons  in  (Jeography;  Les.sons  in  Physi- 
nloiry :   :iiid    I'riicf  ic:il   Lessnns  in  Science. 

Scoville,  Jonathan,  maiuifacturer,  con- 
gressman,   was    born     in    Salisbury,    Conn. 


He 

th< 


In  lS(iO  lie  removed  to  Buffalo,  X.Y.;  and 
engaged  in  tiie  manufacture  of  car  wiieels. 
in  187U-8;i  lie  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty- 
seveiitli    congresses. 

Scoville,  Joseph  A.,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  1811,  in  Connecticut.  He  was 
a  journalist  of  New  York  City;  clerk  of 
Hie  common  council;  and  at  one  period 
jirivatc  secretary  to  Callioun.  He  was  the 
author  of  Adventures  of  Clarence  Bolton,  or 
Life  in  New  Y'ork;  The  Old  ]Merciiants  of 
New  Y'ork;  Vigor,  a  novel;  and  Marion. 
He   died   in    1864,  in  New   York   City. 

Scoville,  Wilbur  Lincoln,  educator,  au- 
tiior, was  born  Jan.  22,  1805,  in  Bridgeport, 
Conn.  In  1802- 1004  he  was  professor  in  tiie 
^lassachusetts  college  of  pliariiiaey.  He 
is  tlie  autiior  of  Art  of  Coinpounding. 

Scranton,  George  Whitefield,  manufac- 
turer, congressman,  was  born  May  11, 
ISll,  in  ^ladison,  Conn.  With  his  brother 
lie  built  furnaces  for  smelting  ore,  in 
Slocum,  Pa.,  which  was  subsequently 
named  Scranton  in  honor  of  the  brotliers. 
In  18.")!)-()1  lie  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvai>ia  to  the  tiiirty-sixth  congress. 
He   died   March   24,   1861,   in  Scranton,   Pa. 

Scranton,  Joseph,  A.,  journalist,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  26,  1838,  in  Madison, 
Conn.  He  was  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue in  1862-66:  and  in  1867  founded  the 
Scranton  Republican  newspaper.  In  1881- 
83,  I88.-)-87.  18S9-!)1  and  1893-07  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
lortj'-seventh,  forty-nintli,  fifty-first,  fifty- 
third,  and  fifty-fourth  congresses  as  a  re- 
pubiican.  He  died  Oct.  12,  1908,  in  Scran- 
ton,   Pa. 

Screven,  James,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1744,  in  (Jeorgia.  He  early  espoused  tlie 
patriot  cause;  and  in  1774  was  one  of  the 
coiiimittee  that  drew  up  articles  of  asso- 
ciation for  the  defense  of  liberty  in  Georgia. 
Me   (lied   Nov.  24.   1778,   in   Midway,  Ga. 

Screven,  William,  clergyman,  autiior,  was 
born  in  1620,  in  England.  He  came  to 
America  about  1640;  settled  about  sixty 
miles  nortii  of  Charleston;  and  was  tiie 
original  ]iroprietor  of  tiie  land  on  wliicii 
file  town  of  (ieorgetown  was  built.  He 
was  the  author  of  An  Ornament  for  Churcii 
Afembers.  jiublished  after  his  death.  He 
(lied    in    1713,   in   (ieorgetown,  S.C. 

Scribner,  Benjamin  Franklin,  soldier,  was 
iioni  in  Indiana.  In  1861  lie  was  cidonel 
in  tlie  thirty-eighth  regiment  Indiana  in- 
lantry;  and  in  IS64  was  brevetted  briga- 
(iiergeneral  of  volunteers.  He  died  Nov. 
2!),    l!)ii(). 

Scribner,  Charles,  pnlilisiier,  was  born 
lel).  21.  1S2I,  in  New  York  City.  In  18(m 
he  began  tiie  publication  of  Hours  at  Home 
in  New  York  City,  a  niontiily  magazine; 
and  in  1870  it  was  merged  in  Scribner's 
Moiitiily,  under  tlie  editorsliip  of  Josiah  (\. 
Iloiliind.  He  die-l  Aug.  26.  1871.  in  Switzer- 
land. 


142 


HERRINGSHA"V\  '^   J:.IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Scribner,  Charles,  journalist,  publisher, 
was  born  Oct.  IS.  1854,  in  New  York  City. 
He  founded  Scribner's  magazine  of  New 
York  City;  and  is  president  of  Morristown 
school  of  New  York  City. 

Scribner,  Frank  Kimball,  journalist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1867,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  Honor  of  a 
Princess;  The  Love  of  the  Princess  Alice; 
The  Fifth  of  November;  and  A  Maid  of  the 
Colonies. 

Scribner,  Frederick  Howard,  farmer  lec- 
turer, was  born  Nov.  4,  1854,  in  Rosendale, 
Wis.  He  was  educated  in  the  common 
and  graded  schools  of  his  native  state.  He 
is  a  successful  farmer  and  breeder  of 
legistered  Jersey  cattle  in  Fond  du  Lac 
county,  Wis.  He  is  president  of  the  Wis- 
consin Jersey  breeders'  association;  and 
secretary  of'  the  Wisconsin  live  stock 
breeders'  association.  He  is  also  Farmers' 
institute    lecturer    for    Wisconsin. 

Scribner,  Gilbert  Hilton,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  23,  1831,  in  Monroe  county, 
N.Y.  In  1880-93  he  was  president  of  the 
Central  Park  North  and  East  River  rail- 
road company;  and  in  18C3  became  presi- 
dent of  tlie  Palisade  bank  of  Yonkers,  N.Y. 
Since  1888  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Fortnightly  club  for  tlie  study  of  anthro- 
1  olosv.  He  is  the  author  of  Where  Did 
Life  Begin. 

Scribner,  Harvey,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  March  ID,  1850,  in  Mount  Vernon, 
Ohio.     He  studied  law  in  his  father's  office; 

since  1871  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in 
Toledo.  Ohio;  and  has 
been  identilied  witli 
many  of  the  import- 
ant legal  cases  of 
that  city.  He  has 
been  president  of  the 
Toledo  iniblic  library 
board;  a  director  in 
the  National  bank  of 
commerce ;  and  i  s 
prominent  in  demo- 
cratic politics.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Mystery  of  an  Express 
Robbery;  My  Mysterious  Clients;  A  Mes- 
senger From  Santa  Claris;  and  other  works. 
Scripps,  James  Edmund,  journalist,  phil- 
anthropist, author,  was  born  March  19,  1835, 
in  London.  England.  In  1844  he  moved  with 
liis  parents  to  a  farm  in  Illinois;  and  in 
1857  began  his  journalistic  career  on  the 
Chicago  Tribune.  In  1859  he  moved  to 
Detroit,  Mich.;  and  there  founded  the  Even- 
ing News  in  1873.  He  subsequently  par- 
tic'ii)ated  in  tlie  establishment  of  the  Cleve- 
huid  Press,  the  Cincinnati  Post  and  the 
St.  Louis  Chronicle;  and  in  189.5  became 
a  stocklioUler  in  Chicago  Jonmal.  In  1884 
he  was  largely  iu.stnimental  in  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Detroit  nuiseum  of  art;  was 
for  four  years  a  commissioner  of  parks 
kind  bouh'vards;   and  was  one  of  the  board 


of  public  library  commissioners  of  the  city 
of  Detroit,  Mich.  He  was  the  author  of 
Five  Months  Abroad;  and  Memorials  of  the 
Scripps  Family.  He  died  May  29,  1906, 
in    Detroit,   ^lich. 

Scripps,  John  L.,  journalist,  public  official. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Chicago 
Tribune;  and  during  Lincoln's  administra- 
tion   was    postmaster    of    Chicago,   111. 

Scripture,  Edward  Wheeler,  scientist,  in- 
ventor, author,  was  born  ^lay  21,  1863,  in 
I\lason,  N.H.  For  ten  years  he  was  director 
of  the  psychological  .laboratory  of  Yale 
i.niversit}';  and  since  1906  has  been  as- 
sistant neurologist  for  the  Carnegie  insti- 
tution of  New  York  City.  He  has  dis- 
covered a  method  of  measuring  hallucin- 
j.tions  and  imaginations;  and  has  discov- 
ered a  method  of  producing  anaesthesia  by 
electricity.  He  has  invented  a  color-sight 
tester.  He  is  the  author  of  Thinking, 
Feeling  and  Doing;  Researches  in  Experi- 
mental   Phonetics;    and   other   works. 

Scripture,  William  Ellis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
A\as  born  Nov.  2,  1843,  in  Westmoreland, 
N.Y.  In  1867  he  entered  the  practice  of 
law.  In  1896  he  became  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  for 
the  fifth  district,  his  present  term  ex- 
piring   in    1909. 

Scroggy,  Thomas  Edmund,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist  congressman,  was  born  March 
18,  1843,  in  Harveysburg,  Ohio.  He  at- 
tended the  public  schools.  At  the  age  of 
eighteen  years  he  enlisted  in  the  civil 
V,  ar;  was  severely  wounded;  and  in  1865 
was  honorably  discharged.  In  1865  he  was 
engaged  in  the  grocery  business;  in  1869 
was  justice  of  the  peace;  and  in  1871  was 
admitted  to  the  practice  of  law.  He  served 
three  terms  as  clerk  and  three  terms  as 
solicitor  for  the  city  of  Xenia,  Ohio.  In 
1898-1905  lie  was  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  for  the  second  judicial  district. 
In  1907-09  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  fifty-ninth  congress  as  a  re- 
])ublican. 

Scruggs,  William  Lindsay,  journalist, 
lawyer,  diplomat,  author,  was  born  Sept. 
14,  1836.  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.  He  was 
editor  of  the  Columbus  Sun  in  1861-64;  and 
in  1865  became  editor  of  the  New  Era  of 
Atlanta,  Ga.  In  1872  he  was  appointed 
United  States  assessor  of  internal  revenue 
for  the  district  of  Georgia.  In  1872-77 
he  was  minister  of  the  L^nited  States  to 
the  United  States  of  Colombia;  in  1877-81 
was  United  States  consul  in  Ciiina;  and  in 
1881-93  was  minister  to  Venezuela;  and 
legal  advisor  to  that  government.  He  is 
the  author  of  Lord  Salisbury's  Mistakes; 
Origin  and  jMeaning  of  the  Jfonroe  Doc- 
trine;   and   other   works. 

Scrymser,  James  Alexander,  organizer, 
capitalist,  was  born  in  1839.  in  New  York 
City.  In  1865  he  organized  the  Interna- 
tional ocean  telegraph  company;  and  in 
1881  established  the  Mexican  telegraph  com- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


143 


puny;  and  the  Central  and  South  Ameri- 
can telegraph  company,  which  connects 
tlie  United  States  with  sixteen  nationalities 
in    Mexico. 

Scudder,  Charles  Locke,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  in  18GU,  in  Kent, 
Conn.  He  is  a  successful  physician  of 
Boston,  Mass;  and  is  surgeon  to  the  Mas- 
sacluisetts  general  liospital.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Treatment  of  Fractures;  and  Sten- 
osis of  Pylorus  in  Infants. 

Scudder,  David  Coit,  missionary,  was 
born  Oct.  27,  IH.i.j,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  given  the  Periakulum  station  in  the 
^Madura  district  of  southern  India,  where 
he  labored  until  his  death.  He  died  Nov. 
19.    lS(i2.    in   India. 

ocudder,  Doremus,  clergyman,  mission- 
ary, author,  was  born  Dec.  15,  1858,  in 
New   York  City.     He   was  educated  in  the 

public  and  private 
sciiools  of  San  Fran- 
cisco; in  1875  gradu- 
ated from  Adelphi 
academy  of  Brooklyn, 
X.Y.;  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.B.  from 
Vale  university;  and 
was  a  student  at  tiie 
U  n  i  o  n  theological 
seminary,  the  College 
of  physicians  and  sur- 
geons of  New  York 
City  and  the  Chica- 
go medical  college.  In  1884  he  was  com- 
missioned missionarj'  to  Japan;  and  in 
188!)  returned  to  the  United  States.  In 
18!K)-J»2  he  filled  a  pastorate  in  Chicago, 
11!.;  in  1802-05  was  pastor  of  the  East 
(ongregational  eliurcii  of  Brooklyn;  and  in 
1805-1!M)1  was  a  pastor  of  Woburn,  Mass. 
In  1002-01  he  was  a  missionary  of  the 
Hawaiian  board  as  sujx'rintendent  of  Jap- 
ai.ese  work;  and  since  1004  he  has  been 
secretary  and  general  superintendent  of 
all  the  congregational  missions.  He  is  the 
autl.<ir  (;f  Our  Children  for  Christ. 

Scudder,  Edward  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
181)0-00  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
su|ireme   court   of   New   Jersey. 

Scudder,  Eliza,  litterateur,  poet,  was  born 
in  1821,  in  .Massachusetts.  Siie  was  the 
author  of  Hymns  and  Sonnets.  She  died 
ill     iSOIi.    ill    Massachusetts. 

Scudder,  Henry  Joel,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1825.  in  Nortiiport,  N.Y.  Ho 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  New  York 
City  in  1848.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  forty- 
third  congress  as  a  republican.  Me  died 
Feb.    12.   1880,   in   New   York   City. 

Scudder,  Henry  Martyn,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, autlior,  was  \)uni  Feb.  5,  1822,  in 
Ceylon.  He  was  pastor  in  Chicago  in  188.S- 
87;  and  from  1887  a  missionary  in  Japan. 
He  was  the  author  of  Tin-  Bazaar  Book: 
Sweet  Savors  of  Divine  Trutli:  and  S|iir- 
itual  Teaching.  He  died  June  4,  1805,  in 
Winchester,    Mass. 


Scudder,  Horace  Elisha,  historian,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  IC,  1838,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
hi  ;  was  editor  of  The  Atlantic  Monthly 
in  1800-98.  He  is  the  author  of  Seven 
Little  People  and  Their  Friends;  Dream 
Children;  Stories  from  my  Attic;  The 
Dwellers  in  Five  Sisters'  Court;  Stories  and 
Romances;  Boston  Town;  Life  of  Noah 
Webster;  A  History  of  the  United  States; 
A  Short  History  of  the  LTnited  States; 
The  Book  of  Fables;  The  Book  of  Folk 
Stories;  The  Book  of  Legends;  Fables  and 
Folk  Stories;  George  Washington;  Men 
and  Letters,  a  volume  of  essays;  Child- 
hood in  Literatvire  ancl  Art;  Recollections 
of  Samuel  Breck;  The  Bodley  Books,  a 
series  of  popular  juveniles;  and  Life  of 
James  Russell  Lowell,  in  two  volumes. 
He  died  Jan.   11.   1002,  in  Cambridge.  Mass. 

Scudder,  Isaac  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1818  in  Elizabeth,  N.J.  He 
was  twice  prosecutor  of  tiie  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  for  Hudson  county  In  1873-75 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
to  the  forty-third  congress.  He  died  in 
Jersey    City,    N.J. 

Scudder,  Jared  Waterbury,  missionary, 
autiior.  was  l)oi  ii  in  1830,  in  Ceylon.  He 
was  ordained  a  missionary  to  India  under 
tie  reformed  Dutch  cliurch;  and  since  1857 
lias  held  native  charges  there.  He  has  pub- 
lished translations  from  the  Tamil  of  Henry 
M.  Scudder's  S])iritual  Teaching,  ami  his 
Bazaar  Bot)k;  and  a  History  of  the  Ar- 
eot    ^lission. 

Scudder,  John,  missionary,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  3,  1703,  in  Freehold, 
N.J.  He  was  missionary  of  the  Dutch  Re- 
formed church ;  and  physician  in  Ceylon  in 
1820-30.  He  was  the'  author  of  Letters 
Irom  the  l-'ast;  Letters  to  Pious  "^'oung 
Men;  and  Promises  for  Passing  Over  Jor- 
dan.    He   died   Jan.    13,    1855,   in   Africa. 

Scudder,  John  A.,  physician,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  17C7  in 
New  Jersey.  He  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  New  Jersey  state  assembly.  In 
1800-11  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
.Jersey  to  the  (deventh  congress  to  till  a 
vacancy.  He  died  in  Nov.  6,  1830.  in  Indi- 
ana. 

Scudder,  John  Milton,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  14,  1820,  in  Hairison,  Ohio. 
He  was  editor  of  the  Eclectic  Medical 
Journal  in  18(i3-94.  He  was  the  author  of 
SjK'cifie  Medication;  Specific  Diagnosis; 
Principles  of  Medicine;  Practice  of  Medi- 
cine; .Materia  Medica;  Diseases  of  Children ; 
Diseases  of  Women;  N'enereal;  and  .Medi- 
cated Inhalations.  He  died  Feb.  17.  1804, 
in    Cincinnati.    Ohio. 

Scudder,  Moses  Lewis,  railroad  president, 
autlir)r,  was  born  in  1843,  in  Massachusetts. 
He  is  president  of  the  Linc(dn  traction  com- 
pany of  St.  Louis.  Mo.;  and  is  president 
of  the  South  Bend  and  Soiithein  railway. 
He  is  the  author  of  Brief  Honors,  a  ro- 
immcc;    .filmost    an     Englishman;    National 


144 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Banking;  Congested  Prices;  and  The  Labor 
Value  Fallacy. 

Scudder,  Nathaniel,  congressman,  wrs 
born  May  10,  1733,  in  near  Huntington, 
N.Y.  In  1777-78  he  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  continental  congress 
and  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the  articles 
of  confederation.  He  died  Oct.  17,  1781, 
in    Slirewsbury,    N.J. 

Scudder,  Samuel  Hubbard,  naturalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  13,  1837,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  assistant  librarian  in  Har- 
vard in  1879-82;  and  was  palaeontologist 
of  the  United  States  geological  survey  in 
1880-02.  He  is  the -author  of  The  Butter- 
flies of  the  Eastern  United  States  and 
Canada;  Butterflies,  their  Structure, 
Changes,  and  Life  Histories;  Brief  Guide 
to  the  Commoner  Butterflies;  The  Life  of 
a  Butterfly;  Frail  Children  of  the  Air;  Ex- 
cursions into  the  World  of  Butterflies;  A 
Century  of  Orthoptera;  and  The  Fossil  In- 
sects of  North  America.  He  died  May  17, 
1911,   in    Cambridge,   Mass. 

Scudder,  Townsend,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  26,  1865,  in  North - 
port,  N.Y.  He  has  made  a  specialty  of 
jnunicipal  law;  and  has  serA'ed  four  terms 
as  counsel  for  Queens  county,  N.Y.  In  1890- 
1901  and  1903-05  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  fifty-sixth  and  fifty- 
ciglitli  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1007 
he  became  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  York   for  the  term  ending  in   1920. 

Scudder,  Treadwell,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Islip,  N.Y.  He  was 
for  six  years  a  member  of  the  New  York 
assembly;  and  in  1817-10  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  fifteenth 
congress.     He   died   in   New   York. 

Scudder,  Vida  Button,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  15,  1861,  in  India.  In  1887 
she  became  an  instructor  in  Wellesley  col- 
lege. She  is  the  author  of  How  the  Rain 
Sprites  were  Freed;  The  Life  of  the  Spirit 
in  the  Modern  English  Poets;  The  Witness 
of  Denial;  The  Promethus  Unbound  of 
Shelley;   and  The  Disciple  of  a  Saint. 

Scudder,  Zeno,  lawyer,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  18,  1807.  in  Barn- 
stable, Mass.  He  was  president  of  the 
j\rassaclnisetts  state  senate;  and  in  1851- 
55  he  was  a  representative  fionivMassachu- 
setts  to  the  thirty-second  and  thirty-third 
congresses.  He  died  June  26,  1S57.  in  Barn- 
stable,   Mass. 

Scull,  Edward,  journalist,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1818,  in  Pittsburgh. 
Pa.  He  published  and  edited  th<'  Somerset 
Herald  since  1852.  In  1887-93  he  was  a 
representative    from    Pennsylvania    to    the 

fiftieth,  fifty-first  and  fifty-second  con- 
gresses as  a  republican.  He  died  in  Somer- 
set, Pa. 

Scully,  James  Wall,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  10.  183S,  in  Ireland.  In  18.56-61  he 
served    from    private    to    .sergeant     in    the 

United    States    artillery;     served     throuo-li 


the  civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of 
captain  in  1865.  In  1900  he  was  retired 
as  colonel;  and  in  1904  was  advanced  to 
the  rank  of  brigaclier-general  in  the  United 
States  army.  He  is  past  department  com- 
mander of  the  Grand  army  of  the  republic. 
Scully,  John,  clergjinan,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Sept.  23,  1846, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1888-91  he  was  presi- 
dent of  St.  John's  college  of  Fordham, 
N.Y. :  and  is  now  pastor  of  St.  Joseph's 
cliurch   of   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Scully,  Thomas  J.,  congressman,  was  born 
ill  South  Amboy,  N.J.,  Sept.  19,  1868.  In 
1!!()0-10  he  was  mayor  of  South  Amboy. 
In  1911-15  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third  congresses. 

Scurry,  Richardson,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Tennessee.  In  1851-53  he  was  a 
rejjresentative  from  Texas  to  the  thirtj^- 
second  congress.    He  died  in  Tennessee. 

Seabrook,  Harry  Hartshorne,  physician, 
oijlitiialmologist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  23,. 
1850.  in  Keyport,  N.J.  In  1901-07  he  was 
ophthalmological  surgeon  to  the  NeAV  York 
eye  and  ear  infirmarj'.  He  is  the  author 
of   Hetraphoria   of   Insufficiency. 

Seabrook,  Whitemarsh  B.,  state  senatoi*; 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  in  1795  in 
South  Carolina.  He  served  in  the  South 
Carolina  state  senate;  was  president  of 
the  State  agricultural  society;  and  was 
the  twenty-ninth  governor  in  1848-50.  He 
died  April  16.  1855,  in  St.  Luke's  Parish, 
S.C. 

Seabrooke,  Thonas  Q.,  actor,  was  born 
Oct.  20,  1860,  ;n  Mount  Vernon,  N.Y.  He 
has  played  with  various  companies  and 
in  com' (ly  roles.  Since  1892  he  lias  ap- 
peared at  the  head  of  his  own  and  other 
opera    and    comedy    companies. 

Seabury,  Samuel,  cleigynian,  was  born 
July  S,  1706.  in  (Jroton.  Conn.  In  1743-64 
he  was  pastor  of  St.  George's  church  of 
Hemstead,  N.Y.  He  died  June  15,  1764, 
in   Long  Island.  N.Y. 

Seabury,    George    J.,    manufacturer,    au- 
tlior.   was   born   Nov.-  10,    1844.    He  will  be 
known    in    history    as    the    father    and    or- 
ganizer of  his  brancli 
o  f         pharmaceutical 
chemistry;     and  chief- 
ly   for     his     original 
work,    inventions    and 
imjnovements    on    old 
methods.       His  .  firm 
have     invariably     re- 
ceived     the      highest 
awards        over        all 
American    and    Euro- 
]i  e  a  n        competitors, 
.wH«a^<kMMii^     notabh'     i  n     P  a  r  i  s, 
London,    Vienna,  Phil- 
ailel|ihia.    New     York,    Chicago,    Liverpool, 
:\Iell)ourne,    Montreal,    and    at    many    other 
world's    cxhiljitions,    forty-nine    gold    med- 
als    and     s]»(H'ial      dijiloinas      having     been 


HERRING&HAWS    T.THRAKY    OF    AMERICAN    BIOGRAPHY, 


145 


awarded   tliem.    He    is    the    author    of   Po- 
litical.  Ki-oiiomic   and   Commercial   works. 

Seabury,  Samuel,  clergyman,  bishop,  au- 
tJH.r,  was  born  Nov.  30,  172!),  in  Groten, 
Conn.  He  was  the  first  protestant  episco- 
pal bislioj)  of  Connecticut.  During  the  ear- 
ly days  of  the  American  revolution  lie  at- 
tracted much  attention  by  his  pamphlets 
sigiu-d  A.  \V.  Farmer,  which  sharply  crit- 
icized the  actions  of  the  patriots.  They 
include,  Free  Thoughts  on  the  Proceed- 
ings of  the  Continental  Congress;  Tiie 
Continental  Congress  Canvassed;  and  \\ew 
of  the  Controversy  between  Great  Britain 
and  lier  English  Colonies.  His  sermons 
liavi'  been  issued  in  three  volumes.  He 
difd    Fob.   25,    1796,   in   New   London,   Conn. 

Seabury,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
burn  -June  !',  ISOl,  in  New  London.  He 
was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  New  York 
City;  rector  of  the  church  of  the  Annun- 
ciation in  1838-04;  editor  Churchn\an  in 
1833-49;  and  professor  in  the  General  the- 
ological seminary  in  1802-72.  He  was  the 
author  of  Continuity  of  the  Church  of 
Lngland:  Mary  the  Virgin;  Historical 
Sketch  of  Augustine  of  Hippo;  Supremacy 
of  Conscience;  American  Slavery  Justified; 
Theory  and  LTse  of  the  Calendar;  and  Dis- 
courses on  the  Nature  and  Work  of  the 
Holv  Spirit.  He  died  Oct.  10,  1872,  in  New 
York   City. 

Seabury,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1007 
he  became  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
New   York   for  the  term  ending   in   1020. 

Seabury,  William  Jones,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, antlior.  was  born  Jan.  25,  1837,  in 
New  York  City.  He  is  an  episcopal  cler- 
gyman of  New  York  City;  rector  of  the 
church  of  the  Annunciation  in  1808-98; 
and  professor  in  the  General  theological 
seminary  since  1873.  He  is  the  author  of 
Suggestions  in  Aid  of  Devotion;  Introduc- 
tion to  the  Study  of  Ecclesiastical  Polity; 
and  other  works. 

Seager,  Henry  Rogers,  educator,  econo- 
mist, anthor.  was  born  July  21,  1870,  in 
Lansing.  Mich.  Since  1005  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  ])olitical  economy  at  the  luiiver- 
sity  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  author 
of   Introduction   to   Economics. 

Seal,  Roderick,  lawyer,  congrt'ssman.  was 
boin  in  Harrison  county.  Miss.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature;  and  in 
1875  was  elected  a  representative  from 
Mississippi  to  the  forty- fourth  congress. 
He   (lied   in   ^Mississippi. 

Sealsfield,  Charles,  litterat«'ur,  author, 
was  born  March  3.  1703,  in  Moravia.  Ho 
was  the  author  of  Tokiah,  or  the  \Viiite 
llosc:  The  Viceroy  and  the  Aristocrat; 
The  Cabin  Pook.  or  Life  in  Te.xas;  and 
Scenes  and  Adventures  in  Central  Amer- 
ica.   He  died   May  2fi.   1804. 

Sealy,  George,  soMier.  banker,  govern- 
ment ollicial,  was  boi'ii  .Ian.  0,  1835,  in 
Kingston.  Pa.  He  served  in  the  civil  wai'. 
In    1S77    he    ortjani/ed    a    syndicate   to    build 


the  Gulf,  Colorado  and  Santa  Fe  railway 
company;    and    becanu^    its    president. 

Seaman,  Albert  Owen,  soldier,  account- 
ant, was  born  Feb.  7,  1877,  in  Greenville. 
111.  He  was  educated  at  the  Greenville 
college  and  at  the  Gem  city  business  col- 
lege. He  is  by  profession  an  expert  account- 
ant. In  1000  he  was  first  litaitenant  in  the 
Port'^  Rico  regiment;  and  in  1001  becan)e 
second  lieutenant  in  the  eleventh  infantry. 
Since  1003  he  has  held  the  rank  of  first 
lieutenant  in  the  fifteenth  infantry;  and 
is  now  stationed  on  the  transport  jNIeade 
as    quartermaster.    United    States    army. 

Seaman,  Ezra  Champion,  comptroller,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  14.  1805,  in  Chatham. 
.N.Y.  He  was  the  comptroller  of  the  treas- 
ury in  1840-53;  and  subseciuently  inspector 
of  the  Michigan  state  prisons.  He  was  the 
author  of  Essays  on  the  Progress  of  Na- 
tions; Commentaries  on  the  Constitution, 
Laws,  People,  and  History  of  the  United 
States;  The  American  System  of  Govern - 
i.-ent;  and  Views  of  Nature.  He  died  .Inly 
1,   1880,   in   Ann   Arbor,   J\lich. 

Seaman,  Henry  J.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1845-47  he  was  a 
lepresentative  from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
ty-ninth   congress.    He    died    in   New    Y^ork. 

Seaman,  Louis  Livingston,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  Oct.  17,  1851, 
in  Newburg,  N.Y.  Since  1870  hQ,  has  prac- 
ticed medicine  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
superintendent  of  the  state  emigrant  in- 
sane asylum  in  1879-81;  and  chief  of  stafl" 
of  the  various  hospitals  and  the  training 
school  for  nurses.  He  was  major-sin-geon 
of  the  first  regiment  United  Stat^  volun- 
teer engineers  in  the  Spanish-American 
war.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Social  Waste 
of   a    Great  City. 

Seaman,  Valentine,  ])liysician,  author, 
was  born  April  2,  1770,  in  Hempstead,  L.I. 
He  was  a  prominent  physician  of  New 
York  City;  and  active  in  introducing  the 
practice  of  vaccination.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Waters  of  Saratoga;  ^Midwife's 
^lonitor:  and  On  Vaccination.  He  died 
July  3.   1817.   in  New   York  City. 

Seaman,  William  Henry,  educator,  chem- 
ist, scientist,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1837.  in 
New  York  City.  In  1872  he  received  the 
degree  f)f  H.L.  from  Columbian  university"; 
and  in  1883  received  the  degree  of  ^I.O. 
from  Howard  university.  In  1809-70  he 
was  engaged  in  museum  work  in  the  I'nit- 
cd  States  department  of  agi'iculture;  and 
since  1870  has  been  examiner  in  the  I'nit- 
ed  States  patent  oflico.  In  1891  he  was 
president  of  the  Washington  microscopic- 
al socii'ty;  and  in  1894  was  jiresident  of 
the  A\'ashington  chemical  society.  He  has 
made  valuable  researches  on  tiie  micro- 
scopical   anatomy   of   plants. 

Seaman,  William  Henry,  soldier,  jnrist. 
was  born  Nov.  1.").  181'J,  in  New  Berlin, 
Wis.  In  1803-1005  he  was  Unitecl  States 
jucjgc  of  the  (MstciMi   district   of  \\'isconsin; 


146 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


and  since  1905  has  been  judge  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  circuit  court  for  the  seventh 
circuit. 

Search,  Preston  Willis,  educator,  lectur- 
er, author,  was  born  April  10,  1853,  in  Ma- 
rion, Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  the  uni- 
versity o  f  Wooster, 
Ohio;  and  was  a  stu- 
dent in  Clark  uni- 
versity of  Worcester, 
Mass.,  and  in  the 
universities  of  Swit- 
zerland and  Germany. 
In  1S74-75  he  was  a 
principal  of  an  acad- 
emy of  Millersburg, 
Ohio;  in  1870-73  he 
was  superintendent 
of  public  schools  of 
West  Liberty,  Ohio; 
in  1883-88  was  a  superintendent  of  Sid- 
ney. In  1884-94  he  taught  in  Pueblo, 
Col.  In  1894-95  was  an  educator  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  and  in  1800-99  was 
superintendent  of  tlie  public  schools 
of  Holyoke,  Mass.  He  lias  been  a  traveler 
and  student  of  education  in  many  lands; 
and  has  founded  industrial  schools,  mu- 
sical festival  associations,  students  aid  so- 
cieties and  travel  clubs.  He  was  president 
of  local  and  state  Young  men's  christian 
association;  president  of  the  European 
school  of  travel,  study  and  conference  for 
American  young  people;  and  organizer  and 
promoter  of  civil  improvement  clubs,  art 
and  music  chibs.  He  is  a  music  and  art 
critic  and  h'cturcs  before  educational  in- 
stitutions, literary  societies  and  lyceums. 
He  founded  the  Pueblo  plan  of  individual 
instruction  and  edited  the  Advance  in  Ed- 
ucation, lie  is  the  author  of  An  Ideal 
Scliool. 

Search,  Theodore  Corson,  educator,  man- 
ufacturer, founder,  was  born  March  20, 
1841,  in  Feasterville,  N.J.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania state  normal 
school  in  Lancaster 
county;  and  at  the 
Crozier  normal  and 
high  school  at  Clies- 
ter.  Pa.  He  taught 
^^^^^^^^^  school  for  seven 
years;  for  two  years 
was  principal  of  the 
high  school  at  Mid- 
dletown.  Pa.;  and  for 
two  years  had  charge 
of  the  academy  in 
llii\t  city.  In  1868  he  became  a  merchant 
of  lMuia(ieli)liia  and  a  nianufactiuer  of 
woohMi  and  worsted  yarns.  In  1872  a  sec- 
ond factory  was  built  at  Tacony,  Pa., 
)ilnciiig  the  business  in  tlie  front  rank  of 
ilu'ir  department  of  manufacture  in  the 
Inited  States.  In  1883  he  founded  a  textile 
school,  wliicii  was  consolidated  witli  the 
Pennsylvania  nuisenm  and  school  of  in- 
dustrial  art. 


Searight,  James  Allison,  banker,  geneal- 
ogist, author,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1836,  in 
Fayette  county,  Pa.  He  received  an  aca- 
demical education  at 
Dunlap  Creek  pres- 
byterian  academy  of 
Fayette  county,  Pa.; 
and  in  1863  graduat- 
ed from  Kenyon  col- 
lege of  Gambier, 
Ohio.  He  has  been 
engaged  in  Llnion- 
town  in  the  banking 
business,  the  steel 
business,  the  timber 
business,  and  in  tlie 
real  estate  and  insur- 
ance business;  and  also  in  general  business 
such  as  the  settling  up  of  estates.  He  as- 
sisted in  obtaining  a  charter  for  the  Peo- 
ple's bank  of  Fayette  county,  was  its 
cashier,  and  in  1889  became  president  of 
that  institution.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Record  of  the  Seariglit  Family  in  Amer- 
ica, which  Jias  become  recognized  as  a 
standard  genealogical  work.  His  brother, 
Thomas  B.  Searight,  a  collegemate  of 
James  G.  Blaine,  was  a  representative  and 
state  senator  in  the  Pennsylvania  state 
legislature;  was  surveyor-general  of  the 
territoiy  of  Colorado  under  General  Grant; 
was  the  author  of  The  History  of  the  Na- 
tional Road;  and  resided  in  Uniontown  un- 
til his  death  in  1890.  Mr.  James  A.  Sea- 
right is  still  president  of  the  People's 
bank  of  Fayette  county.  Pa. 

Searing,  Annie  E.  P.,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  IMarcli  12,  1857,  in  Brooklyn,  N. 
Y.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Land  of  Rip 
Van  Winkle;    and   A  Social   Experiment. 

Searight,  Thomas  B.,  lawyer,  legislator, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1827,  in  Fayette 
county,  Pa.  He  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  Un- 
iontown. Pa.;  and  has  served  as  a  repre- 
sentative in  both  houses  of  the  Pennsyl- 
Viuiia  state  legislature.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  History  of  the  National  Road; 
Letters  on  States'  Rights;  and  various 
other  valuable  contributions  to  historical 
literature. 

Searing,  John  A.,  agriculturist,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  14,  1814,  in  Qncf'ns 
county.  N.Y.  In  1857-59  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  tliirty- 
fiftli  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  May 
6,  1876.  in  IMinneola,  N.Y. 

Searing,  Mrs.  Lura  Catherine,  author, 
])oet,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1840,  in  Somerset, 
]\ld.  In  1866-67  she  was  correspondent  for 
the  New  York  Times  in  Italy;  and  in  1868- 
76  was  on  the  staff  of  The  New  York 
Mail.  She  is  the  author  of  Sounds  from 
Secret  Chambers;  Poems;  Idyls  of  Battle; 
Brother  and  Sister;  and  Notable  IMen  in 
the   House   of  Representatives. 

Searle,  Arthur,  astronomer,  autlior,  was 
born  Oct.  21,  1837,  in  London,  England. 
Since  1887  he  has  been  professor  of  astron- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


147 


omy   in   Harvard  university.    Ho  is  tlu'   aii- 
thoV   of    Outlines    of    Astronomy. 

Searle,  Charles  J.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
Lorn  .May  Hi.  18().").  in  Ft.  Smith.  Ark:  He 
received  the  rudiments  of  his  education 
in  the  public  schools;  attended  ('amph(dl 
normal  university  of  Holton.  Kan.;  and 
oraduated  from  the  state  university  of 
Iowa.  For  sixteen  years  he  lias  been  ac- 
tively engaged  in  the  ])raetic(>  of  law;  has 
bcen'state's  attorney  for  Rock  Island  coun- 
ty, HI.;  and  filled  various  other  i)ositions 
of' trust  and  honor.  For  several  years  he 
has  been  ])resident  of  the  board  of  trus- 
tees of  the  Western  Illinois  state  normal 
school.  He  is  now  judge  of  the  court  of 
claims   of   llliTiois. 

Searle,  E.  J.,  lawyer,  jurist.  Tn  1S72  he 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of   Arkansas. 

Searle,  George  Mary,  astronomer,  edu- 
cator, clergviiuui.  author,  was  born  Juno 
27.  18:?!).  in*  England.  In  1862-64  ho  was 
assistant  professor  United  States  naval 
academy:  in  1866-68  he  was  assistant  in 
the  Harvard  observatory,  when  he  joined 
the  Paulists,  and  was  ordained  as  a  priest 
in  1871.  He  has  had  charge  of  the  science 
teaching  of  the  seminary  that  forms  part 
of  the  home  in  New  York.  In  180.")  he  was 
api)ointed  chief  i)rofessor  of  mathematics 
in  the  Catholic  university  of  Washington, 
1).C.  In  l!l(l4-0!)  he  was  superior-general 
of  the  Paulists  fathers.  He  is  the  author 
of  Fdemcnts  of  (Geometry;  Plain  Facts  for 
Fair  Minds;  and  How  to  Beconu'  a  Cath- 
olic. 

Searle,  James,  meichant,  congressman, 
was  born  about  17."iO  in  New  York  City. 
He  settled  in  Philadelphia  about  1763.  He 
signed  the  non-importation  agreement  of 
176."):  and  was  one  of  the  managers  of  the 
Fnited  States  lottery  in  177r>-78.  In  1778- 
80  he  was  a  dcdegato  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  continental  congress.  He  die(l  Aug. 
7.    17'.I7.   in    I'hihuhdphia,  Pa. 

Searle.  John  Preston,  educator,  (dergy- 
man.  author,  was  born  Se])t.  12.  18r)4,  in 
Schuylerville,  X.Y.  Since  18!).'}  he  has  been 
professor  of  systematic  theology  at  the 
Xew  |{runswick  theological  seminary;  and 
since  1!I02  has  been  jiresident  of  the  fac- 
ulty. He  is  the  author  of  An  Outline  of 
'l'iie(dogical     Kncyclojjedia. 

Searle,  Nathaniel,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1768- 
70  he  was  an  associati-  justiee  of  the  su- 
preme   court    of    l\hode    Islanti. 

Searles,  John  Ennis,  railroad  president, 
was  born  in  1S22.  lie  is  |iresident  of  the 
Tennessee  iiortiiern  railway  company  and 
other  corporations;  and  resided  in  Xew 
York  City.  H»'  died  Oct.  24.  lltOS.  in  T.on- 
flon,    I'',ngland. 

Searles,  William  Henry,  civil  engineer. 
nuthor.  was  born  June  4,  18:57.  in  (Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  ]irivate 
schools;  at  the  Wesleyan  iiniversity;  and 
in     1860    graduated     from      the      Pvonsselaer 


polvtechnic  institute;  in  1862-64  he  was 
professor  of  geodesy  and  road  engineering 
at  the  Rensselaer  polytechnic  institute; 
in  1864-85  was  engaged  in  locating  and 
constructing  railways  in  Ohio,  Michigan, 
Pennsylvania,  Indiana  and  Xew  \''ork-^  in 
1876-78  he  was  engineer  of  the  Xew  York 
state  canals;  and '  since  1880  has  been  a 
consulting  engineer  in  general  practice.  He 
is  the  author  of  Ficdd  Engineering;  and 
The    Railwav    Spiral. 

Searls,  Niles,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1887  he 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
California. 

Sears,  Barnas,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Xov.  10,  1802,  in  Sandis- 
field,  Mass.  He  was  professor  at  Xewton 
theological  seminary  in  1836-48;  and^ jires- 
ident of  Prown  university  in  1835-67.  He 
was  the  author  of  Life  of  Luther;  The 
Ciceronian  or  Prussian  Mode  of  Instruc- 
tion in  Latin;  and  Essays  on  Classical  Lit- 
erature. Ho  died  July  6,  1880,  in  Saratoga 
Springs,  X.Y. 

Sears,  Edmund  Hamilton,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  in  1810  in  Sandis- 
fiold.  jNIass.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergy- 
man and  religious  poet;  and  pastor  at 
^Veston  in  1865-76.  He  wrote  the  familiar 
Christmas  hymn.  Calm  on  the  Listening 
I'^ar  of  Xight.  He  was  the  author  of  Re- 
generation; Foregleams  and  Foreshadows 
of  Immortality;  The  Fourth  Gospel  the 
Heart  of  Christ;  Christ  in  the  Life;  Ser- 
mons and  Songs  of  the  Christian  Life; 
i^ictures  of  the  Olden  Time;  and  That 
(Jlorious  Song  of  Old.  Ho  died  Jan.  14, 
1876,   in   Weston,  INIass. 

Sears,  Edward  I.,  journalist,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1819  in  Ireland.  He  was  pro- 
fessor of  languages  in  Manhattan  college. 
He  became  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
National  Quarterly  in  1860,  and  conducted 
it  until  his-  death.  Under  the  pen-name 
of  H.  E.  Chevalier  he  was  the  author  of 
Legends  of  the  Sea.  Ho  died  Dec.  7,  1876, 
in'Xew   Yoi-k   City. 

Sears,  George  W.,  soldier,  author,  was 
liorn  in  1821  in  Massachusetts.  He  served 
in  the  federal  army  during  the  civil  war. 
Ho  is  the  author  of  Woodcraft;  and  For- 
est   Runes.   ]>oems. 

Sears,  Isaac,  soldier,  congressman,  pa- 
triot, was  born  in  1720  in  Norwalk,  Conn. 
On  the  jiassage  of  the  stamp  act  he  ardent- 
ly engaged  in  the  patriot  cause;  and  be- 
canu'  an  active  member  of  the  Sons  of 
liberty.  He  was  a  nu'mbor  of  the  pro- 
vincial congress  of  Xew  York  in  1783;  and 
of  the  assembly  in  the  same  year.  He 
<lied  Oct.  28,   1786.   in  China. 

Sears,  Joseph  Hamblen,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  10,  1865.  in  Roston, 
Mass.  He  is  a  writer  of  Now  Ycnk  City, 
lie  is  the  author  of  The  (iovornments  of 
the  World  To-l)ay;  None  but  the  Hravo; 
and    A    Hov  of  Matches. 

Sears,  Lorenzo,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor,   was    born    April' 18,    1838.    in    Sears- 


148 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ville     Mass.     In    1861    he    graduated    from 
'  Yale;     and     in     1864 

from  the  general  the- 
ological seminary. 
Until  1885  ho  was 
rector  of  parishes  in 
Connecticut,  Rhode 
Island  and  X  e  w 
Hampshire.  He  then 
took  the  chair  of 
rhetoric  and  English 
literature  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Vermont: 
and  in  1890-95  was 
l^rofessor  of  rhetoric 
in  Brown  university;  and  in  1895-1906  fiHed 
tlie  chair  of  American  literature  in  the 
same  institution.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
History  of  Oratory;  The  Occasional  Ad- 
dress, Its  Composition  and  Literature; 
Principles  and  Methods  of  Literary  Criti- 
cism; American  Literature  in  the  Colonial 
and  National  Periods;  Seven  Natural  Laws 
of  Literary  Composition;  and  The  Making 
of  American   Literature. 

Sears,  Nathaniel  Clinton,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Aug.  23.  1854,  in  Gallipolis,  Ohio. 
He  received  his  preparatory  education  in 
the  academy  of  Elgin,  111.;  in  1875  grad- 
uated from  Amherst  college  with  the  de- 
gree of  A.M.;  and  was  a  law  student  in 
the  university  of  Berlin.  He  received  the 
lionorary  degree  of  LL.D.  from  the  North- 
western university;  and  in  1878  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law.  In  1803  he 
was  elected  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Cook  county,  111.  In  1897  he  Avas  appoint- 
ed an  associated  justice  of  the  appellate 
court  of  Illinois;  and  in  1903  resigned  to 
take  up  the  practice  of  law.  In  1897  he 
was  a  republican  candidate  for  mayor  of 
Chicago,  111. 

Sears,  Robert,  publisher,  Avas  born  June 
28,  1810,  in  St.  John,  N.B.  His  books  were 
among  the  first  of  the  now  well-known 
class  of  books  sold  exclusivelv  bv  sub- 
scription. He  died  Feb.  17,  1892,  'in  To- 
lonto,    Canada. 

Sears,  Schuyler  Earl,  clergyman,  poet, 
was  born  April  7.  1868.  in  Sharon,  Oliio. 
He  graduated  from  the  Baldwin  university 
and  the  Drew  theological  seminary,  and 
has  received  the  degrees  of  B.A.,  Ph.D.  and 
A.B.  He  now  fills  a  pastorate  in  the 
metbodist  episcopal  church  at  Creston,  Ohio. 
He  is  the  author  of  more  than  a  hundred 
poems,  which  have  appeared  in  the  Cleve- 
land Leader,  and  other  current  periodicals. 
Seaton,  Charles  William,  soldier,  statis- 
tician, inventor,  author,  was  born  July  22. 
1831.  in  Norfolk,  N.Y.  In  1861  he  recruited 
company  F,  first  regiment  sharpshooters; 
was  first  lieutenant;  and  afterward  was 
promoted  to  captain.  He  resigned  his  com- 
mission in  1864;  and  was  then  employed 
by  the  sanitary  commission  in  the  pension 
department.  In  1870  he  was  chief  clerk  in 
the  census  office.  He  was  the  inventor  of 
a  tabulating  machine;  and  in  1884  invented 


a  matrix  printing  ajjparatus.  He  was  the 
author  of  Census  Reports  of  the  State  of 
New  York;  and  United  States  Census  Re- 
ports. 

Seaton,  William  Winston,  journalist,  re- 
gent, was  born  Jan.  11,  1785,  in  King  Will- 
iam county,  Va.  He  became  connected 
with  the  Register,  in  Raleigh;  in  1812  went 
to  Washington  city  and  joined  his  brother- 
in-law  in  the  management  of  the  National 
Intelligencer,  with  which  he  was  most  hon- 
orably identified  until  his  death.  He  was 
frequently  elected  mayor;  was  a  regent  of 
the  Smithsonian  institution;  and  in  con- 
junction with  Mr.  Gales,  was  one  of  the 
public  printers  for  very  many  years.  He 
died  June  16,  1866,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Seaver,  Ebenezer,  legislator,  congressman, 
was  born  Jan.  8,  1763,  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1794-1802;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1820.  In 
] 803-13  he  was  a  representative  from  Mas- 
sju'liusetts  to  the  eighth,  ninth,  tenth,  elev- 
enth and  twelfth  congresses.  He  died  March 
1,  1844.  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 

Seaver,  Edwin  Pliny,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  24,  1838,  in  Northborough, 
.Mass.  In  1880-1904  he  was  superintendent 
of  the  public  schools  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Franklin  Arithmetic, 
Algebra.  Trigonometry;  and  a  Mathemat- 
ical Handbook. 

Seaver,  Joel  F.,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the  six- 
teenth regiment  New  York  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of   volunteers.     He    died   Dec.   2,    1899. 

Seawell,  Molly  Elliott,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  23,  1865,  in  Gloucester  county,  Va. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Sprightly  Ro- 
numce  of  Marsac;  Hale  Weston,  a  novel; 
(>uarterdeck  and  Fok'sle;  The  Loves  of  the 
Lady  Arabella;  The  History  of  the  Lady 
Ik'tty  Stair;  The  House  of  Egremont;  The 
Secret   of  Toni;   and  several  plays. 

Seawell,  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Illinois.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  in 
the  tenth  regiment  Missouri  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
\ohinteers.    He   ilied   in  Missouri. 

Seawell,  Washington,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1802  in  Virginia.  He  served  in  the 
I'lorida,  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and  at- 
t;niied  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in 
1805.    He  died  about   1899. 

Seay,  Thomas,  governor.  In  1886-90  he 
was  the  twenty-fifth  governor  of  Alabama, 
lb'  died  l\r:irch"30,  1896.  in  Greensboro.  Ala. 

Seay,  William  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  educa- 
tor, state  legislator,  di])lomat,  was  born 
Ai)ril  19,  1831,  near  Burkcvillc,  Va.  He 
was  a  professor  in  the  Louisiana  state 
military  school:  and  was  an  engineer  oflTi- 
cer  in  the  confederate  army  under  (General 
I 'lice.  He  was  elected  a  representative  to 
the  Louisiana  legislature  in  1881,  and 
again  in  1884.  In  1884  he  was  appointed 
commissioner    to    revise    the    statute    laws 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


149 


of   the   state;    and   in    1883    was   appointod 
Unitecl  States  minister  to  Bolivia. 

Seay,  Abraham  J.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
i>t,  jiovernor,  was  born  Nov.  28,  1832,  in 
Andierst    county,   Va.     He    worked    on    his 

father's  farm  in 
Osage  county.  Mo.; 
and  attended  Steel- 
ville  academy.  In 
1858  he  was  elected 
county  commission- 
er; and  afterward 
studied  law.  In  1861- 
65  he  was  in  the 
union  service  from 
private  to  colonel  in 
the  thirty-second 
regiment  Missouri 

volunteer  infantry, 
hi  ls;t()-92  he  was  supreme  judge  of  Ok- 
lahoma. In  1891-93  was  governor  of  the 
territory  of  Oklahoma.  He  is  now  presi- 
dent of  four  banks. 

Sebastian,  William  King,  lawyer,  jurist, 
Inited  States  senator,  was  born  in  1814 
in  Vernon,  Tenn.  He  was  appointed  prose- 
cuting attorney,  and  held  the  office  until 
1837.  He  was  circuit  judge  in  1840-42;  and 
in  1843  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Arkansas.  He  was  a  state 
senator,  and  president  of  the  state  senate 
in  1S4G:  and  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1848.  In  1847-61  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Arkansas.  He  was  expelled 
for  disloyalty  in  1861.  He  died  May  20, 
186.'),    in    Memphis,   Tenn. 

Sechler,  Thomas  Mackey,  soldier,  man- 
ufacturer, was  born  Oct.  2."),  1841.  in  ^Ill- 
ton,   Pa.    He    was    educated    in     the     high 

schools  of  Ironton 
and  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 
and  in  1863  gradu- 
ated from  Marietta 
college  where  he  sub- 
sofinently  received 
the  degrees  of  A.B. 
and  A.M.  In  1863-65 
he  served  in  the  civ- 
il war;  and  was  pro- 
moted throngli  the 
various  grades  of 
first  lieutenant,  act- 
ing assistant  i|uar- 
ternwster  and  acting  assistant  adjutant - 
general  and  provost-marshiil.  In  ] 866-69 
he  was  engiiged  in  the  iron  liusiness  in 
Cincinnati.  Ohio;  and  in  1869-71  was  in  the 
same  business  in  Montgomery  county. 
Tenn.  In  1877-88  he  was  a  carriage  man- 
ufjidurer  of  Cincinnati.  Ohio;  -and  since 
1897  lias  been  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  carriages,  corn  planters  and  other  plant- 
ing tools  and  implements.  He  is  president 
of  two  carriage  companies;  president  of 
tile  Wright  carriage  liody  conipany;  direc- 
tor of  the  ^Mutual  wheel  conipany:  direc- 
tor of  the  American  harvesting  company: 
and  until  1907  was  vice-president  of  the 
state   savings   bank   and   trust   company   of 


Moline,  111.  He  was  a  director  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati technical  school;  and  for  a  time 
was   trustee   of   the    Moline   public   library. 

Seccomb,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  April  25,  1708,  in  Medford,  ]\Iass.  He 
was  a  congregational  minister  at  Harvard 
in  1733-57;  and  after  1763  at  Chester,  Nova 
Scotia.  He  was  the  author  of  Father  Ab- 
bey's Will,  a  once  extremely  popular  piece 
of  doggerel,  which  was  followed  by  The 
Letter  to  the  Widow  Abbey.  He  died  in 
January.  1793,  in  Nova  Scotia. 

Seccomb,  Joseph,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1706  in  Medford,  Mass.  In  1837-60 
he  was  a  congregational  minister  at  Kings- 
ton, N.H.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Plain 
and  Brief  Rehearsal  of  the  Operations  of 
Christ  as  God.  He  died  in  1760  in  Kings- 
ton, N.H. 

Seddon,  James  Alexander,  lawyer,  con- 
gressnuin,  was  born  July  13,  1815.  in  Fal- 
mouth, Va.    In  1845-47  and  1849-51  he  was 

a    representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  twen- 


ty-ninth and  thir- 
ty-first congresses 
He  was  a  member  of 
the  confederate  gov- 
ernment as  a  repre- 
sentative in  congress 
in  1861,  having  pre- 
viously been  a  dele- 
gate to  the  peace 
congress  of  that 
year.  In  1862  he  be- 
came the  confederate 
secretary  of  war.  He  died  Aug.  19,  1880, 
ill    Virginia. 

Sedgwick,  Anne  Douglas,  writer,  author, 
was  born  March  28,  1873,  in  Englcwood. 
N.J.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Dull  Miss 
Archinard;  The  Confounding  of  Camelia; 
The  Rescue;  and  Paths  of  Judgment;  The 
Shadow  of  a  Life;  and  The  Fountain 
Sealed. 

Sedgwick,  Catharine  Maria,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  28,  1789,  in  Stockbridge, 
jMass.  Her  name  was  for  a  time  the  fore- 
most among  those  of 
American  literary  wo- 
men. For  a  half  cen- 
tury she  was  princip:il 
of  a  school  for  girls  in 
Stockbridge,  Mass.. 
her  native  town.  She 
was  the  author  of 
Hope  Leslie;  Ped- 
wood;  Th(>  New  lOng- 
hmd  Tale;  The  Trav- 
eler; Clarence;  Le 
Bossu ;  the  Linwoods; 
Married  or  Single,  in- 
clude her  noveh.  Other  works  for  older 
readers  are.  Letters  from  Abroad;  and 
Historical  Sketches  of  the  Old  Painters. 
Her  juvenile  moral  tales  are  Live  and  Lit 
Live;  Poor  Rich  Man  and  Rich  Poor  Man; 
Means  and  ICiids;  and  Morals  and  Manners. 
She  died  July  31,  1867,  near  Roxbury,  Mass. 


150 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Sedgwick,  Arthur  George,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  0,  184-t,  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  a  lawyer  of  New  York  City.  He  is, 
jointly  with  F.  S.  Wait,  the  author  of 
Principles  and  Practice  Governing  the  Trial 
of  Title  to  Land;  and  Elements  of  Dam- 
ages. 

Sedgwick,  Charles  B.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  March,  1815,  in  Pompey, 
N.Y.  In  1859-63  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirty-sixth  and 
thirty-seventh  congresses.  In  1863  he  was 
appointed  a  commissioner  to  look  after 
certain  naval  affairs.  He  died  in  New  Y'ork. 
Sedgwick,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Buckminster, 
educator,  author,  was  born  in  1791  in  Mas- 
sachusetts, She  was  the  author  of  Beati- 
tudes and  Pleasant  Sundays;  Lesson 
Witliout  Books;  A  Talk  with  My  Pupils; 
and  Stories  of  the  Spanish  Conquest.  She 
died  in  1864  in  ^Massachusetts. 

Sedgwick,  EUery,  journalist,  author,  w^as 
l)orn  Vvh.  27,  1872.  'in  New  York  City.  In 
in()()-(i5  he  was  editor  of  Frank  Leslie's 
Popular  monthly;  in  1906-07  edited  the 
American  magazine;  and  since  1907  has 
been  associated  with  McClure's  magazine. 
He  is  tin-  author  of  Life  of  Thomas  Paine. 
Sedgwick,  Henry  Dwight,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  1785  in  Sheffield,  ilass.  He 
V  as  a  noted  opponent  of  slavery.  He  was 
tlip  autlior  of  English  Practice  of  the  Com- 
mon Law.  He  died  Dec.  23,  1831,  in  Stock- 
bridgi',   ^Nlass. 

Sedgwick,  Henry  Dwight,  -  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  16,  1824,  in  Stock- 
bridge,  jNIass.  In  1846  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  New  Y'ork  City.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  Sedgwick  on  Damages;  and  Sedg- 
wick's Leading  Cases  on  Damages.  He 
died  in   1903   in  New  York  City. 

Sedgwick,  Henry  Dwight,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  24,  1861,  in  Stockbridge, 
Mass.  In  1885-98  he  practiced  law.  He  is 
the  author  of  Life  of  Samuel  Champlain; 
Essavs  on  Great  Writers;  and  A  Short 
History  of  Italy. 

Sedgwick,  John,  soldier,  was  born  Sept. 
13,  1813,  in  Cornwall.  Conn.  In  18.37  he 
graduated  from  the  United  States  military 

academy  at  West 
Point;  was  appoint- 
ed second  lieutenant; 
and  Avas  first  engag- 
ed in  the  Seminole 
war.  In  1846  he  en- 
tered the  ]\Iexican 
war  as  first  lieuten- 
ajit  of  artillery;  and 
for  his  gallantry  re- 
ceived the  brevets  of 
eajjfain  and  of  ma- 
jor. In  1862  he  was 
made  colonel  of  the 
first  legular  cavalry;  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general  of  tlie  T'nitcd  States  vol- 
unteers; and  subsequently  became  major- 
general.  He  was  general  in  command  at 
the   battle   of   Fredericksburg   in    1863.    He 


was  killed  in  1864  by  a  bullet  from  a  sharp- 
sliooter.  A  monument  was  erected  to  his 
memory  in  1868  upon  the  grounds  of  the 
United  States  Military  academy  at  West 
Point. 

Sedgwick,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
•  lune  2.  182U,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  as- 
sistant district  attorney  of  New  York  in 
1856-61;  and  in  1872-90  was  judge  of  the 
superior  court  of  the  city  of  New  Y'ork. 
He  died  in  1807  in  New  Y'ork  City. 

Sedgwick,  Robert,  soldier,  was  born 
about  1590  in  England.  He  was  employed 
to  expel  the  French  from  Penobscot  in 
1654;  and  was  engaged  in  the  expedition 
against  the  Spanish  West  Indies  in  1655. 
He  became  major-general.  He  died  May 
24,  1656,  in  the  West  Indies. 

Sedgwick,  Samuel  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  -Alarcli  12.  1848,  in  Bloomingdale,  111. 
He  was  educated  at  Wheaton  college  of 
Illinois.  He  has  been  judge  of  the  fifth 
district  court  of  Nebraska;  supreme  court 
commissioner;  in  1902-06  was  an  associate 
justice  of  tlie  supreme  court  of  Nebraska; 
and  in  1906-08  was  chief  justice.  He  now 
])ractices  law  in  York,  Neb. 

Sedgwick,  Mrs.  Susan  Livingston,  litter- 
ateur, autlior.  was  born  about  1789.  She 
was  the  author  of  Walter  Thornley;  The 
:Morals  of  Pleasure;  The  Young  Emi- 
grants; Allen  Prescott;  .  and  Alida,  or 
Town  and  Country.    She  died  in   1867. 

Sedgwick,  Theodore,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, United  States  senator,  was  born 
May  9,  1746,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  He  was 
a  zealous  patriot  in  the  revolutionary  war; 
and  in  1785-88  he  was  a  delegate  from 
I\Iassaeliusetts  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  in  1789-97  and  1799-1801  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Massachusetts  to  the  first, 
second,  third,  fourth  and  sixth  congresses; 
and  in  1799-1801  he  was  speaker  of  the 
house  in  the  sixth  congress.  In  1795-99  he 
was  United  States  senator.  In  1802-13  he 
was  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Mas- 
sachusetts. Ho  died  Jan.  24,  1813,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

Sedgwick,  Theodore,  lawyer,  legislator, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  31,  1780,  in  Sheffield, 
]Mass.    He  received  a  thorough  education  in 

the  public  schools 
and  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  LL.D. 
He  was  a  member  of 
the  Massachusetts 
legislature  in  1824, 
1825  and  1827,  and 
served  on  various 
committees.  He  'was 
a  lawyer  of  .Mbany, 
and  from  1810  a  res- 
ident of  Stockbridge, 
^lass.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  Public  and 
Private  Economy;  and  Hints  to  My  Coun- 
tr\nien;  and  was  a  contributor  to  period- 
icals. He  died  Nov.  7,  1839,  in  Pittslieid, 
Mass. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


151 


Sedgwick,  Theodore,  lawyiT,  author,  was 
horn  .Ian.  27.  ISll.  in  Alhany,  N.Y.  He  was 
a  hiwvt-r  of  New  York  City.  Ho  was  the 
author  of  Rules  which  Covi-rn  the  Inter- 
pretation and  Application  of  Statutory  and 
Constitutional  Law.  and  Treatise  on  the 
Measure  of  Damages.  He  died  Dec.  0,  1859, 
in    Stoekhridge.  ^lass. 

Sedgwick,  William  Thompson,  educator, 
biolojiist.  author,  was  born  Dee.  29,  1855, 
in  West  Hartford,  Conn.  He  is  professor 
of  biolojrv  in  the  Massachusetts  institute 
of  technology.  In  1900  he  was  president 
of  the  Boston  civil  service  reform  associa- 
tion. He  is  the  author  of  General  Biology; 
Principles  of  Sanitary  Science  and  Public 
Health;    and    Human    :\lechanisni. 

Sedley,  Henry,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  April  4,  1831,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
practiced  civil  engineering  in  San  Fran- 
cisco. Cal.;  and  later  was  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Times; 
the  Evening  Post  and  the  Commercial  Ad- 
vertiser of  New  York  City.  He  was  the 
author  of  Danger  Fields  '  Rest;  Marion 
Rooke;  and  The  Quest  for  Fortune.  He 
died  in  1899  in  Xew  York  City. 

Sedley,   William   Henry,  actor,  was  born 
Dec.   4.    1800,    in   Wales.    His   first   appear- 
ance in  Xew  York  was  at  the  old  C'liatham 
street   theater  in    1840.  when   he  acted   Ed- 
gar  to   the   Lear   of   Junius   Brutus   Booth. 
He    also    appeared    acceptably    as    Laertes, 
(iratiano,  and  ^Nlarc  Antony.    His  last  pro- 
fessional   appearance    in    New     Y^ork     was 
made    at    the   Winter   garden    in    1865.    He 
died   Jan.   17,    1872,   in   San   Francisco,   Cal. 
See,    Horace,    engineer,     naval     architect, 
inventor,  was  born  July  17.  1835,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.    He  designed  the  United  States 
cruisers    Yankee,    Dixie,    the    hospital    ship 
Solace.     He    invented    tlie   cylindrical    man- 
dnd   for  facing  hearings;   invented  the  dou- 
ble   furnace    water    tube    boiler;     invented 
the  pneumatic  siphon  fire  liydrant:   and  in- 
vented   the    hydro    pneumatic    ash    ejector. 
He   .lie.l    Dec.    LS.    1909.   in   Xew    York"  City. 
Seeger,    Eugene,    diplomat,    author,    was 
born    May    1,    1853,    in    southern    Germany. 
He    was   educated   in   Germany,  France   and 
England.    In    1873    lie    helped    establish    the 
Daily    Freie    Presse ;    and    he    was   chief    and 
managing    editor    of    the    California    Demo- 
krat,   a   general   daily   paper    in   San    Fran- 
cisco.  Cal.     He    converted    it    into    a    repub- 
lican   f)rgan    and    became    chief    editor    and 
manager  of  a   TJerman  daily  at  Xewark.  N. 
J.     In    lS8(i    he    was    appointed    city    sealer 
of  Chicago.  HI.;   and  later  was  chief  statis- 
<ician    and    factory    inspi-ctor.    In    1897-190G 
he    was    American    consul-general    to    Bra- 
zil;    and     in     19f)8    was    appointed     United 
States   commissioner    for   the    Brazilian    na- 
tional   exhibition.     He    owns    a    large    tract 
of    land    in    Brazil    and    is    an    exporter    of 
cacao  and  cabinet   worxls.    He  is  the   author 
of  Chicai{o.   the   A\'onderful   City. 

See,    Thomas    Jefferson    Jackson,    astron- 
omer,  mathematician,   physicist,  author,  was 


born  Feb.   19,  18(30,  near  Montgomery  City, 

Mo.  He  graduated 
from  the  university 
of  Missouri  w  i  t  h 
the  degrees  of  A.B.. 
L.B.  and  S.B.;  and 
in  1892  graduated 
from  the  university 
of  P.erlin  witii  the  de- 
grees of  A.^I.  and 
^^  ^^^^^  Ph.D.  In  1887-89  he 
\^^'      '^'i^^^P^H      was   in  charge  of  the 

observatory  at  the 
university  of  Mis- 
souri; in  1893-96  or- 
ganized and  liad  charge  of  Y'erkes  observa- 
tory; and  in  1896-98  was  astronomer  at  the 
Lowell  observatory.  Since  1899  he  has  been 
professor  of  mathematics  in  the  United 
States  navy,  in  charge  of  the  naval  ob- 
servatory at  Mare  Island,  Cal.  He  has  ex- 
amined two  hundred  thousand  fixed  stars; 
and  computed  about  fifty  orbits  of  double 
stars.  He  is  the  author  of  Researches  on 
the  Evolution  of  the  Stellar  Systems;  and 
various  otlier  works  and  researches  on  as- 
tronomical subjects. 

Seeley,  Elias  P.,  governor.  He  was  the 
eleventh  governor  of  New  Jersey  'for  a  part 
of  the  year  1833.  He  died  in  Xew  Jersey. 
Seeley,  John  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Aug.  1,  1810.  in  Ovid.  X.Y. 
He  was  county  judge  and  surrogate  in 
1851-55:  and  was  a  presidentiel  elector  in 
1800  and  1804.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Xew  York  to  the  forty-sec- 
ond congress.    He  died  in  Ovid,  X.Y. 

Seeley,  Levi,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Xov.  21.  1847.  in  Xorth  Harpersfield,  X.Y. 
He    was    educated    in    the    district    school; 

in  1871  graduated 
from  the  Albany  nor- 
mal school;  and  re- 
ceived the  honorary 
degrees  of  "M.A.  from 
Williams  college  and 
Ph.D.  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Leipzig. 
In  1871-74  he  was 
principal  of  the  pub- 
lic school  of  Orient, 
X.Y.;  in  1874-75  he 
was  principal  of  the 
school  of  Xew  Ham- 
burg, N.V.;  in  1875-81  he  was  an  educator 
of  Patchogue.  N.Y.;  in  1881-83  he  was 
superintenth-nt  of  schools  at  Lansingburg, 
X.Y.;  in  1883-80  he  was  a  student  in  (ier- 
many;  in  1880-87  he  was  principal  of  the 
public  schools  of  Cobleskill,  X.Y. ;  and  in 
]887-!M  was  principal  of  Ferry  Hall  sem- 
inary of  Lake  Forest.  111.  In  1804-95  he 
lrav(de<l  and  stu'lied  in  Kurojie.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  American  Common  School 
System;  The  Grube  System  of  Xumbcrs; 
Tlie  Crube  Idea:  The  (ierman  Common 
SclK)fd  System  ami  Its  Lessons  to  Amer- 
ica; History  of  Educati(m;  The  Founda- 
tions  of    Education;    A   Xew    School   Man- 


155 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOOxvAPHY. 


agement;  Seeley's  Question  Book;  and  El- 
ementary Pedagogy. 

Seely,  Edward  Howard,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1856  in  New  York.  He 
was  the  author  of  A  Lone  Star  Bo-peep, 
and  Other  Tales  of  Texan  Ranch  Life; 
A  Ranchman's  Stories;  A  Nymph  of  the 
West;  The  Jonah  of  Lucky  Valley,  and 
Other  Stories;  and  A  Border  Leander.  He 
died  in   1894  in  New   York  City. 

Seelye,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Eggleston,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  15,  1858,  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
She  is  the  wife  of  Elwyn  Seelye.  She  is 
the  author  of  The  Story  of  Columbus; 
Montezuma;  Brandt  and  Red  Jacket;  Po- 
cahontas; Tecumseh  (with  E.  Eggleston); 
The  Story  of  Washington;  Lake  (jleorge  in 
History;  and  Saratoga  and  Lake  Champlain 
in   History. 

Seelye,  Julius  Hawley,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  congressman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  14,  1824,  in  Bethel,  Conn.  He 
was  pastor  of  the  Dutch  reformed  cliureh 
of  Schenectady  in  185.3-58;  became  pro- 
fessor at  Amherst  college  in  1858;  and 
was  its  president  in  1876-90.  In  1875-77 
he  was  a  representative  from  Massachu- 
setts to  the  forty-fourth  congress.  He  was 
the  author  of  Natural  Religion;  The  Way, 
tlie  Trutli,  and  the  Life;  Christian  Mis- 
sions; and  Duty.  He  died  May  12,  189^5,  in 
Amherst,  Mass. 

Seelye,  Laurenus  Clark,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Sept.  20,  1837,  in 
T'ethel,  Conn.  For  eight  years  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  Englisli  literature  and  rhetoric 
in  Amherst  college;  and  since  187.3  has  been 
president  of  the  Smith  college  for  women 
of  Northampton,  Mass. 

Seemuller,  Mrs.  Annie  Moncure,  author, 
was  born  in  18.38  in  ]\laryland.  She  was 
the  author  of  Emily  Chester;  Reginald 
Archer;  and  Opportunity.  She  died  in  1872 
ill  New   York  City. 

Seerley,  Homer  Horatio,  educator,  author, 
\\as  born  Aug.  13,  1848,  in  Lidianapolis, 
Ind.  He  attended  the  elementary  schools 
of  Keokuk  county,  was  prepared;  in  1873 
received  tlie  degree  of  Ph.  B.  from  the  state 
university  of  Iowa;  and  in  1876  the  degree 
of  A.M.  from  the  same  institution.  He  has 
also  received  the  degrees  of  LL.D.  from 
Penn  college  and  from  the  state  luiiversity 
of  Iowa.  Ill  1875-86  he  was  superintend- 
ent of  city  schools  of  Oskaloosa,  Iowa.  In 
1884  he  Mas  jiresident  of  the  Iowa  state 
teacliers'  association.  Since  1886  he  has 
been  president  of  the  Iowa  state  normal 
scliool.  He  is  the  author  of  History  and 
Civil   Covernment  of  Iowa. 

Seerley,  John  J.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  bom  Marcli  13.  1852,  in  Timlon,  111. 
For  six  years  lie  was  city  solicitor  of 
Burlington,  Towa.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Iowa  to  the  fifty-second 
congress    as    a    democrat. 

Seevers,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was   chief  justice   of   tlie   supreme  court  of 


Iowa.  He  died  March  24,  1895,  in  Oska- 
loosa, Iowa. 

Sefton,  Frederick,  physician,  bank  di- 
rector, was  born  July  29,  1859,  in  England. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  board  of  education 
of  the  city  of  Auburn.  He  is  a  director  of 
C'ayuga  county  national  bank. 

Sefton,  John,  actor,  was  born  Jan.  15, 
1805,  in  England.  He  gained  great  popu- 
larity in  New  York  as  Jemmy  Twitcher 
in  tlie  Golden  Farmer.  He  died  Sept.  19, 
1868,  in  New  York  City. 

Segar,  Joseph  E.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  1,  1804,  in  King 
William  county,  Va.  In  1836  he  was  elect- 
ed to  the  house  of  delegates  of  Virginia, 
and  continued  to  serve  for  several  years; 
a'nd  was  again  elected  to  the  same  position 
in  1848,  and  continued  to  serve  almost  un- 
interruptedly until  tlie  state  rebelled 
against  tlie  union.  In  1861-63  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Virginia  to  the  thirty- 
seventh  congress.  He  died  in  1855  in  Vir- 
ginia. 

iSebers,  C.  J.,  clergyman,  archbisliop.  In 
18S()  lie  became  Roman  catholic  arclibishop 
(if  Oregon. 

Seguin,  Edouard,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  20,  1812,  in  France.  He  came 
to  tlie  United  States  in  1848;  and  made  a 
specialty  of  training  of  idiots.  He  did 
much  for  tlie  feeble-minded.  He  was  the 
author  of  New  Facts  Concerning  Idiocy; 
Family  Thermometer,  Medical  Thermom- 
(>trv:  and  Idioev  and  Its  Treatment  by  the 
I'hysiologicul  Methods.  He  died  Oct.  28, 
1880,  in  New  York  City. 

Segur,  Seth  Willard,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1831  in  Vermont.  He  was  a 
congregational  clergyman  of  Ohio,  and  sub- 
sequently of  Massachusetts.  He  Avas  the 
author  of  Relation  and  Responsibilities  of 
Pastor  and  People;  The  True  INIanhood; 
The  Nation's  Hope;  and  National  Bless- 
ings and  Duties.  He  died  in  1875  in  Mas- 
sachusetts. 

Seiber,  William,  manufacturer,  public  of- 
ficial, was  born  Feb.  5,  1869,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  and 
private  schools  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  is 
a  successful  business  man  and  manu- 
facturer of  Central  City,  W.Va.;  proprietor 
of  tlie  Central  veneer  company;  and  prom- 
inently identified  with  the  business  and 
]ml)lie  afi'airs  of  his  cit.y.  He  has  filled 
various  positions  of  trust  and  honor;  and 
as  mayor  of  his  city  has  shown  great  busi- 
ness and  executive  ability.  Since  1900  he 
has  filled  the  office  of  mavor  of  Central 
City,  W.Va. 

Seidenbush,  Rupert,  clergvman,  bishop, 
was  born  Oct.  30,  1830,  in  "Bavaria.  The 
northern  part  of  Minnesota  was  erected 
into  a  vicariate  apostolic  by  a  papal  brief 
in  1875;  and  he  was  apjiointed  its  vica'r 
niiostolic,  under  the  title  of  Roman  cath- 
olic bishop  of  Ilalia  in  partibus.  He  died 
June  3,  1895,  in  Richmond,  Va. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


153 


Seip,  Theodore  Lorenzo,  i-ducator,  col- 
Iccro  inosicU-nt.  author.  Avas  born  Jnnc  25, 
1842  in  Easton,  Pa.  In  1886  he  became 
presi.lent  of  the  Muhlenberg  college,  Pa. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  the  Col- 
Iftre  Association  of  Pennsylvania.  He  died 
hr  15)03  in  Allento^vn,  Pa. 

Seiss,  Joseph  Augustus,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  .Marcli  18,  1823,  near  (irace- 
ham,  i\Id.  He  was  an  eminent  lutheran 
clergyman  of  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  the 
Church  of  the  holy  communion;  and  for 
twelve  years  editor  of  The  Lutheran.  He 
was  the"  author  of  Lectures  on  the  Gospels 
and  Kpistles  of  the  Church  Year,  in  five 
volumes;  Beacon  Lights;  Tlie  Gospel  in  the 
Stars;  The  :Miracle  in  Stone,  a  restate- 
ment of  Piazzi  Smyth's  famous  theory  of 
the  Pyramid:  Lectures  on  the  Apocalypse, 
in  three  volumes;  Lectures  on  the  Epistle 
to  the  Hebrews;  Liither  and  the  Reforma- 
tion; The  Lutheran  Church;  Recreation 
Songs;  Life  After  Death;  Right  Life;  The 
Children  of  Silence,  the  Story  of  the  Deaf; 
Cln-ist's  Descent  into  Hell;  The  Last 
Times;  Voices  from  Babylon:  Letters  of 
Jesus;  and  Uriel.  He  died  in  1904  in  Phil- 
adelphia. Pa. 

Seitz,  Don  Carlos,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  24.  18G2.  in  Portage,  Ohio.  He 
is  business  manager  of  the  New  York 
World.  He  is  the  author  of  Discoveries  in 
Every-Day    Europe. 

Selby,  Thomas  Jefferson,  journalist,  laAV- 
ver.  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  4.  1840, 
in  Delaware  county,  Oliio.  Eor  two  terms 
lu-  was  mayor  of  Jerseyvillh-.  111.  He  mov- 
ed to  Calhonn  county  in  1884;  and  was 
state's  attorney  in  1888-04.  In  1901-03  he 
was  a  re])resentative  from  Illinois  to  the 
fifty-seventli    congress    as    a    democrat. 

Selden,  Dudley,  lawyer,  congressman.  He 
was  a  prominent  member  of  the  New  York 
bar;  and  in  1833-34  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  tlie  twenty-third 
congress.  He  died  Nov.  7,  IS");"),  in  Paris, 
Era  nee. 

Selden.  Edwin  Van  Deusen,  oil  ])ro(hicer. 
was  horn  Dec.  23.  1S.")S,  in  Luwrenceville, 
.\llegheny  county,  Pa.  He  is  a  descendant 
of  Colonel  Samuel  Selden,  who  was  cap- 
tured by  the  British  at  the  battle  of  Long 
I.HJand.  and  died  in  a  prison  in  1774.  He 
was  edueati'd  in  tlie  public  and  private 
schools  of  Meadville,  Pa.:  atid  at  the  Epis- 
copal academy  of  Phihidelidiia,  I'a.  ITe  is 
a  well-known  oil  refiner  and  producer;  is 
connected  with  the  Crystal  oil  works  of 
Oil  City,  Pa.;  president  of  the  Oil  City 
oil  exchange;  and  has  filled  various  other 
]>ositions  of  trust  and  lionor.  He  has  been 
(piartermaster  of  the  sixteenth  regiment 
national  guard  of  Pennsylvania;  and  in 
1898  became  colonel  of  the  twenty-first 
regiment  infantry.  He  is  lieutenant-colonel 
and  inspector  of  rifle  practice  for  fhi'  Penn- 
sylvania division  of  the  Pennsylvania  na- 
tional guard. 


Selden,  Henry  Rogers,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  14,  1805,  in  Lyme, 
Conn.  In  18G2-64  he  was  a  judge  of  the 
court  of  appeals.  He  was  the  author  of 
Reports,  New  York  Court  of  Appeals,  1851- 
54.  in  six  volumes.  He  died  Sept.  18,  1885, 
in    Rochester,   N.Y. 

Selden,  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
an  early  emigrant  to  Arkansas;  and  in 
1820-24  ho  was  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  for.  the  territory  of  Arkansas.  He 
died  in  May,  1824,  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  be- 
ing killed  "in  a  ducd  Avitli  Judge  Scott  of 
the  same  court. 

Selden,  Samuel  Lee,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  12,  1800.  in  Lyme,  Conn.  In  1825 
he  began  to  practice  law  in  Rochester,  N. 
Y. ;  was  chancery  clerk  and  first  judge  of 
common  pleas  in  Monroe  county  for  many 
years;  anM  in  1847  was  elected  justice  of 
the  supreme  court.  In  1856-62  he  was  judge 
of  the  court  of  appeals.  He  died  Sept.  20. 
ISTf).   ill   Rochester,  N.Y. 

Seldomridge,  Harry  Hunter,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  1,  1864,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Colorado 
state  senate.  In  1913-15  he  w^as  a  repre- 
sentative from  Colorado  to  the  sixty-third 
congress. 

Selfridge,  James  Lercon,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  lieu- 
tenant-colonel in  the  forty-sixth  regiment 
Pennsylvania;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  die|l 
.May   19,  1887- 

Selfridge,  Thomas  Oliver,  naval  officer, 
was  born  A])iil  24.  1804,  in  Boston,  I\Iass. 
He  entered  the  navy  in  1818;  was  commis- 
sioned lieutenant  in  1827;  commander  in 
1S44;  was  made  captain  in  1855;  and  com- 
modore in  1862.  lie  became  a  rear-admiral 
on  the  retired  list  in  1866.  He  died  Oct. 
15.   1902.   ill  Waverly,  Mass. 

Seligman,  Edwin  Robert  Anderson,  ed- 
ucator, autlior.  was  l)orii  April  25,  ISdl,  in 
New     York     City.     In     1879    he    graduated 

from  Columbia  and 
received  the  honorary 
degrees  of  LL.B.,  Ph. 
1).  and  LL.n.  He 
studied  three  years  in 
toreign  universities. 
Since  1891  he  has 
l)reii  a  ])rofessor  of 
jioiitical  economy  and 
ti  nance  in  Columbia 
iiniveisity :  and  since 
ISSCi  out-  of  the  ed- 
itors of  Political  Sci- 
ence monthly.  He  is 
Tenement  house  building 
1906  was  special  state  tax 
Kew  York.  He  is  the 
author  of  Chapters  on  Mediaeval  fiuilds  in 
England;  Owen  and  the  Christian  Social- 
ists; Railway  Tarilfs;  Shifting  and  Inci- 
dence of  Taxation:  Progressive  Taxation 
in  Theory  and  Practice;  and  Essaj's  in 
Taxation. 


|)r<'siileiit  of  the 
com|iany :  and  in 
cdiiimissioiu'r    for 


154 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Selfridge,  Thomas  Oliver,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Feb.  6,  1836,  in  Charlestown. 
Mass.  He  was  actively  engaged  in  the  civil 
war;  in  1870  was  the  commander  of  the 
Darien  exploring  expedition;  and  became 
commander-in-chief  of  naval  forces,  Euro- 
pean station;  and  attained  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral.  In  189.1-97  he  was  commander-in- 
chief  of  the  European  squadron;  and  was 
retired    in    1898. 

Selkirk,  Edward,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  13,  1809,  in  Waterbury,  Conn. 
He  was  rector  of  Trinity  church  of  Al- 
bany in  1844-84.  He  was  the  author  of  An 
Address  on ,  the  Laying  of  the  Corner- 
stone of  Trinity  Church;  and  History  of 
Trinity  Ciiurcli.'  He  died  Feb.  14,  189i,  in 
Albany,  N.Y. 

Sell,  Edward  Herman  Miller,  physician, 
surgeon,  fouiulcr,  autlior,  was  born  Aug. 
16,    1832,    in    Leliigh    county,    Pa.    In    187^6 

he    was    one    of    the 

seven     organizers     of 

tlie    iVmerican    acade- 

mv 

has 

six 

tlie 

cine. 

thor 


of   medicine;    and 
spent    more   than 
years    abroad    in 
interest   of  medi- 
He    is    the    au- 
of    several    med- 
ical monoiifraphs;   and 
in     1869-80     was     ed- 
itor of   tlie   Pliysician 
and   Pharmacist. 

Sell,  Henry  Thorne,  cU'rgyman,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  30,  1854,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  He  graduated  from  Yale  univer- 
sity. In  1873-74  he  was  professor  of  math- 
ematics and  German  in  a  college  of  Ran- 
dolph, N.Y.;  and  in  1874-86  filled  pastor- 
ates in  Lysander  and  Cortland,  N.Y.  In 
1901-03  he  was  editor  of  the  Advance  of 
Chicago,  111.  He  has  held  two  pastorates 
in  Chicago;  and  is  now  pastor  of  Plymouth 
congregational  church  of  Fort  ^^'ayne,  Iml. 
He  is  tlie  author  of  Supplenu'ntal  Bible 
Studies;  Bible  Study  by  Books;  Life  of 
Christ;  Life  of  Paul;  Church  History;  and 
other  works. 

Selleck,  Willard  Chamberlain,  clergy- 
man, author,  Mas  born  Dec.  29,  1856,  in 
Ogdensburg,  N.Y''.    He  was   educated  in  the 

rural    schools    of    St. 
.  ^_____„         _^       Lawrence    count}',    N. 

Y. ;  and  at  tlie  state 
normal  school 
of  Potsdam,  N.  Y. 
In  1881  he  grad- 
uated from  tlie  the- 
ological school  of  St. 
Lawrence  uni\'ersity. 
Since  1881  he  has 
been  in  tin-  univer- 
salist  ministry.  He 
is  secretary  of  the 
Rhode  Island  temper- 
vice-president    of    the    Prov- 


ance    league 
idence      society 


for      organ  i/.i 


cliarity; 


and  director  of  the  Rhode  Island  federa- 
tion of  churches.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Spiritual  Outlook;  and  A  New  Apprecia- 
tion of  the  Bible. 

tjellers,  Coleman,  civil  engineer,  was  born 
Jan.  28,  1827,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1889 
lie  was  called  upon  to  advise  as  to  the  de- 
velopment of  the  water  power  of  Niagara 
Fails,  and  chietiy  upcn  his  advice  was  that 
work  undertaken;  and  he  was  president 
and  chief  engineer  of  the  Niagara  Falls 
power  company.  He  occupied  tlie  position 
of  in-esident  of  the  Franklin  institute.  Pa.; 
and  of  the  Pennsylvania  nuiseum  and  school 
of  industrial  art.  He  died  in  1907  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Sellers,  John,  merchant,  manufacturer, 
was  born  July  27,  1826,  in  Lfpper  Darby, 
Pa.  In  1849  he  established  an  iron  found- 
ry in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1885  he  became 
president  of  the  ililbourne  mill  company, 
known  as  Sellers  mill  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Nation 
of  New  York  City. 

Sellers,  William,  civil  engineer,  manu- 
facturer, was  born  Sept.  19,  1824,  in  Del- 
aware county.  Pa.  In  1847  he  started  in 
business  now  known  as  William  Sellers  and 
company  of  wliich  he  was  ])resident  and 
engineer.  He  was  also  president  of  the 
Edge  Moor  iron  company  since  1868;  and 
was  president  of  the  IMidvale  steel  com- 
pany in  1873-87.  In  1864  he  read  a  paper 
l)efore  the  Franklin  Institute  on  Screw 
Threads  and  Nuts,  which  has  since  become 
tlie  standard  for  the  United  States.  He 
died    in    1905    in    Philadelpliia,    Pa. 

Sellew,  Walter  Ashbel,  clergyman,  bish- 
op.  was  born  Feb.  27,  1844,  in  Gowanda, 
N.Y.  He  rec(>ived  his  preparatory  educa- 
tion in  the  academy 
of  Fredonia,  N.Y.; 
and  in  1866  gradu- 
ated from  Dartmouth 
college  where  he  sub- 
sequently received 
the  degree  of  A.M. 
In  1872  he  entered 
the  ministry  of  free 
nu'tliodist  church;  in 
1887-98  as  presiding 
elder;  and  since  1898 
has  been  general  su- 
perintendent. He  is 
treasurer  of  the  Gerry  honu'  for  aged  per- 
sdiis;  tfeasiuH'r  of  the  Gerry  orphanage  of 
\ew  York;  and  president  and  treasurer 
of  the  American  methodist  Clieseborough 
seminary  of  North  Chili  of  New  York.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  executive  committee; 
;Mid  a  member  of  other  boards  of  tlie  free 
niithodist  cluircli  and  has  made  a  mis- 
sionary tour  of  inspection  around  the 
world.  In  1880  he  was  a  prohibition  can- 
didate for  congress. 

Sells,  Sam  R.,  congressman,  was  born 
.\ng.  2,  1871,  in  Biistol,  Tenn.  He  served 
one    term    in    the    Tennessee    Senate p   and 


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155 


was  private  in  the  Spanish-American  war. 
In  1911-15  he  was  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixtj'- 
third    congresses. 

Sellstedt,  Lars  Gustaf,  artist,  aiithor,  was 
born  April  3(1.  LSI!),  in  Sweden.  In  1875 
Jie  became  a  member  of  tlie  National  acad- 
emy of  desif^n  of  New  York  City.  He  has 
devoted  himself  cliieHy  to  portraiture;  and 
his  works  in  tliat  line  includino^  Solomon 
(i.  Haven;  (ieorge  W.  Clinton;  Millard 
P'illmore;  Grover  Cleveland;  and  others. 
He  is  the  author  of  From  Forecastle  to 
Academy. 

Selvage,  Thomas  Henry,  lawyer,  orator, 
state  senator,  was  born  April  22,  1857, 
in    Orient,    ]\Iaine.      He    is   a   noted    lawyer 

of    Eureka,   Cal.;    has 

been  district  attor- 
ney  of  Humboldt 
counnty;  secretary  of 
tlic  Humboldt  cham- 
ber of  commerce;  and 
took  an  active  part  as 
a  platform  speaker 
diu'ing  tlie  presiden- 
tial election  of  1890 
for  ]\IcKinley  and  Ho- 
bart.  In  1900  he  was 
elected  a  member  of 
the  California  state 
senate.  Since  19UG  he  has  been  postmaster 
of   I'uireka,  Cal. 

Selye,  Lewis,  manufacturer,  congressman, 
was  born  July  11.  1S()8,  in  Chittenango,  N.Y. 
lie  becaini'  extensivtdy  engaged  in  the  man- 
ufacturing business  in  Rochester,  N.Y. ;  and 
for  seven  years  was  treasurer  of  the  coun- 
ty. In  18()7-()9  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  tiie  fortieth  congress. 
He  died  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 

Selyns,  Henricus,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1(J:5().  in  Holland.  In  1(182-1701 
he  was  pastor  of  tlie  First  Dutcli  Reformed 
ciinrch  of  New  York  City.  His  Poems, 
written  in  Dutch,  have  been  translated.  He 
di<-il    in    .lulv.    1701,   in   New    York   City. 

Semelroth,  William  James,  religious  edi- 
tor, autlior,  was  born  Nov.  28,  1858,  in 
I'eoria.  111.  Since  ls9ti  he  has  been  editor 
of  tlie  International  Sunday  School  Kvan- 
g<d;  ami  since  190;i  has  been  president  of 
llie  Kvangel  i)ublishing  com|)any  of  St. 
I^ouis.  Mo.  lie  is  the  aiithor  of  Rules  of 
Order:  and  The  Complete  Normal  Manual 
lor    Bible    Study. 

Semling,  Conrad  Knute,  journalist.  law- 
yer, was  born  .Inne  8,  lS(i."),  in  Noiway.  He 
was  educated  at  tlie  WilJniar  academy  of 
Minnesota;  and  attended  tlie  university  of 
^linncsota.  lie  has  been  engaged  in  jour- 
nalistic work;  was  in  the  insurance  busi- 
ness; and  is  now  a  lawyer  by  ]u-ofession. 
He  is  now  clerk  of  the  district  court  for 
Xoiinan    county. 

Semmes,  Alexander  Aldebaran,  naval  olli- 
cer,  was  born  June  8.  1825,  in  Washington, 
D.C.      He   entered    the    navy    as    a    midship- 


man in  1S41.  In  1880  he  was  president  of 
tlie  l)o;ird  of  insjx'ction,  after  wiiich  he  was 
commandant  of  tlie  navy  yard  at  Washing- 
ton, lie  was  commissioned  commodore  in 
1S82;  and  was  in  command  of  the  navy 
yaid  at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  died 
Sei)t.  22,   1SS5.  in  Hamilton,  Va. 

Semmes,  Alexander  Jenkins,  clergyman, 
surgeon,  college  president,  autlior,  was  born 
Dec.  17,  1828,  in  (icorgetown,  D.C.  He  was 
a  surgeon  in  the  confederate  navy;  be- 
lauu!  a  Roman  catholic  clergyman;  and 
since  188()  has  been  president  of  Pio  Nono 
cidlcge  of  Macon,  Ca.  He  is  the  author 
of  Aledical  Sketches  of  Paris;  Ciunshot 
Wounds;   and  Notes  from  a  Surgical  Diary. 

Semmes,  Benedict  J.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1789, 
in  Charles  county,  Aid.  In  1821  he  was 
elected  to  the  Maryland  state  legislature; 
was  again  elected  in  1825,  1827  and  1828; 
and  during  one  season  was  chosen  speaker 
of  the  house  of  deh'gates.  In  1829-,'?;!; 
Ik'  was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  twenty-lirst  and  twenty-second  con- 
gresses: and  served  in  the  state  legislature 
in   1842-43.     He  died  in  Maryland. 

Semmes,  Raphael,  naval  officer,  author, 
was  born  Sejjt.  27,  1809,  in  Charles  county, 
Md.      He     was    a    celebrated     naval    ollicer 

in  the  confederate 
service  during  the 
civil  war  as  com- 
nmnder  of  the  Ala- 
bama, 
autlior 
Atloat 
During 
War 
(General 


He  was  the 
of  Service 
ami  Ashore 
the  Mexican 
Campaign  of 
Scott    in    tile 


V' alley  of  Mexico; 
The  Cruise  of  the 
Alal)anm;  and  Me- 
m  o  i  r  s  of  Service 
.\llo;it  During  the  War  Between  the  States, 
lie   died   Aug.   30,   1877,   in   Mobile,  Ala. 

Semmes,  Thomas  Jenkins,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  liorn  Dec.  10,  1824,  in  (jcorgetown, 
I  ).C.  He  was  a  noted  lawyer  of  New  Or- 
leans. La.:  and  represented  his  state  in 
the  confederate  senate.  In  1873-79  lie 
lilled  the  (hair  of  civil  law  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Indiana.  In  1887  In-  was  presi- 
(linf  of  the  .American  bar  association.  He 
died  June  23,   l,S99.  in   New  Orleans,   La. 

Semple,  Ellen  Churchill,  scientist,  author, 
was  born  in  18(!3.  in  Louisville,  Ky.  She 
is  the  autlior  of  .\nierican  History  and  Its 
( I'eograjihic  ( 'ondit  ions. 

Semple,  Eugene,  lawyer,  governor,  was 
Ijorn  .Inne  12.  1S4().  in  Bogota.  New  (Jran- 
ada.  South  America.  In  I8()4  he  was  a 
practicing  lawyer  in  I'oitiand.  Ore.:  edi- 
tor of  the  Daily  Oregon  Herald  in  1809; 
and  state  printer  of  Oregon  in  1872.  He 
was  governor  of  Washington  territory  in 
1S88-89.  Ill-  was  harbor  line  commissioner 
of   the  state   in    1891 ;    and   in    1897   became 


156 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


president  of  the  Seattle  and  Lake  Washing- 
ton Waterway  company.  He  died  in  1908, 
in    Olympia,    Wash. 

Sample,  James,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman.  United  States  senator,  was 
horn  Jan. -5,  1798,  in  Greene  county,  Ky. 
He  was  colonel  of  an  Illinois  regiment  in 
the  Black  Hawk  war;  and  brigadier-general 
of  the  militia.  He  was  speaker  of  the  house 
of  representatives;  attorney-general;  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court;  and  in  1843- 
47  he  was  United  States  senator  from 
Illinois.  He  was  minister  to  New  Granada 
from  the  United  States.  He  took  a  promi- 
nent part  in  the  agitation  for  settling  and 
holding"  the  Oregon  country ;  made  sjjceches 
in  that  behalf  in  the  Mississippi  valley  in 
1842;  and  in  1844  introduced  in  the  United 
States  senate  a  resolution  directing  the 
president  of  the  United  States  to  give  notice 
to  his  Britannic  majesty  of  the  desire  of 
tins  country  to  abrogate  the  treaty  by 
which  the'  two  countries  jointly  occupied 
the  Pacific  coast.  He  died  Dec.  20,  1866, 
in   Elsah   Landing,  111. 

Semple,  Robert  Baylor,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  20,  1769,  in  Virginia. 
He  was  a  noted  baptist  clergyman  of  Vir- 
ginia. He  was  the  author  of  A  History  of 
the  Virginia  Baptists;  and  other  works. 
He  died  Dec.  25,  1831,  in  Fredericksburg,  Va. 

Seneff,  Michael  Burns  Loor,  educator, 
clergyman,  college  president,  was  born  Jan. 
27,  1862,  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.  Since 
1895  he  has  been  president  of  Westfield 
college.  111. 

Sener,  James  Beverly,  journalist,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  w'as  born  May  18, 
1837,  ill  Fredericksburg,  Va.  He  was  ser- 
geant of  the  city  of  Fredericksburg  in 
I8()3;  was  army  correspondent  of  the  south- 
ern associated  press  with  General  Lee's 
army  during  the  civil  Avar;  and  from  1865 
was  editor  of  the  Fredericksburg  Ledger. 
In  1873-75  he  M'as  a  representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  forty-third  congress.  He 
was  apj)oiiited  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  teritory  of  Wyoming  in  1879. 

Seney,  (jeorge  Ebbert,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  autlior.  was  born  Mav  29, 
1832,    in    Uniontown,    Pa.      In     1857-62    he 

was   elected   judge   of 
tlie       common      pleas 

#  court.     He   served   as 

a  commissioiunl  officer 
in     the     I^nion     army 
(luring   the   civil   war. 
He  was  a  delegate  to 
the      democratic      na- 
tional   convention    of 
1876.      In    1883-91    he 
was   a    representative 
from  Oiiio  to  the  for- 
ty-eighth,        forty- 
ninth,     fiftieth      and 
In  1887  he  was  chair- 
man of  the  democratic  state  convention  of 
Oliio.     He  Avas  the  author  of  Scney's  Code 


JS^   *». 


(ifty-first  congreses. 


of  Procedure.  He  died  in  1905,  in  Tiffin, 
Oiiio. 

Seney,  George  Ingraham,  philanthro- 
pist, banker,  was  born  ]May  12,  1826,  in 
Astoria,  L.I.  He  rose  from  the  post  of 
paying  teller  in  the  Metropolitan  bank  of 
New  York  City,  to  the  presidency  of  that 
institution,  lidding  the  latter  office  in 
187-84.  He  founded  the  Seney  scholarship; 
and  largely  endowed  Wesleyan  university. 
He  lias  contributed  to  miscellaneous  char- 
ities more  tlian  four  hundred  thousand 
dollars. 

Seney,  Joshua,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1750  on  eastern  shore  of  Maryland.  In 
1787-88  he  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland 
to  the  continental  congress ;and  in  1789-92 
he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  first  and  second  congresses.  He  was 
presidential  elector  in  1792.  He  died  in 
1799    in   IMaryland. 

Senn,  Nicholas,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Oct.  31,  1844,  in  Switzerland. 
In    1890   he   was   appointed   surgeon-general 

of  Wisconsin;  and 
held  the  same  posi- 
tion in  Illinois.  Dur- 
ing the  Spanish- 
American  w-ar  of  1898 
he  served  as  surgeon 
with  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant-colonel. H  e 
was  the  author  of 
Tlie  Surgical  Bacteri- 
ology; Intestinal  Sur- 
gery; Principles  of 
Surgery;  Syllabus  of 
^  Practical         Surgery; 

l^xperimental  Surgery;  Pathology  and 
Surgical  Treatment  of  Tumors;  Practical 
Surgery;  and  Medico-Surgical  Aspects  of 
the  S])anish-AiiKrican  War.  He  died  Jan. 
2,    1908,   in   Ciiicago.   111. 

Sensenig,  David  Martin,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  burn  Dec.  17,  1840.  in  Lancaster 
county,  Pa.  Since  1879  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  matlieiiiatics  at  the  West  Chester 
state  normal  scliool  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
is  the  author  of  Numbers  Sjnnbolized;  An 
Elementary  Algebra;  Numbers  Universal- 
ized; A  Complete  Advanced  Algebra;  Key 
to  lOh'mentary  Algebra;  Key  to  Advanced 
.Algebra;  The  New  Complete  Arithmetic; 
and  Essentials  of  Arithmetic. 

Senter,  De  Witt  C,  governor  was  born  in 
1834.  He  A\as  the  scventeentli  governor  of 
Tennessee  in  1869-71.  He  died  June  15. 
1898.   in   IMorristown,   Tenn. 

Senter,  Isaac,  physician,  surgeon,  author, 
was  boin  in  1755,  in  New  Hampshire.  He 
was  a  surgeon  in  the  revcijutiiniaiy  army. 
He  accompanied  Benedict  Arnold's  expedi- 
tion to  Quebec,  an  interesting  account  of 
whicli  he  ]>ublislied  in  the  Bulletin  of  the 
Historical  Society  of  Pennsvlvania.  He 
died   D(-c.   20.    1799,   in   Newport,  R.I. 

Senter,  John  Henry,  lawyer,  public  offi- 
cial, statesman,  was  born  Nov.  11,  1848, 
in    Cabot,   Vt.     He    was   superintendent   of 


HERRTNGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


157 


schools  of  Montpelier,  Vt.;  was  a  justice 
of  tlu'  peace;  was  United  States  bank 
exaniiiier;  and  served  as  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney;  and  was  mayor  of  liis  city. 
In  1!)()0  he  was  tlie  democratic  candidate 
tor  oovernor  of  Vermont;  in  1903-04  was 
state's  attorney:  and  in  1906  became  a 
member  of  tlie'  \'ermont  state  legislature. 
He  is  now  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  Montpelicr.  Vt. 

Senter,  William  T.,  congressman,  was 
Lorn  in  1802,  in  Granger  county,  Tenn.  In 
1843-45  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
twenty-eighth  congress.  He  died  Aug.  28, 
1840,  "in  Tennessee,  at  Panther  Springs, 
Tenn. 

Sergeant,  John,  missionary,  was  born  in 
1710.  in  Newark,  X.J.  A  short  time  before 
his  deatli  lie  established  a  manual-training 
school  at  Stockbridge  that  Avas  in  success- 
ful operation  several  years.  He  trans- 
lated into  the  Indian  language  parts  of  the 
Old  Testament  and  all  of  the  New  except 
the  book  of  Revelation.  He  died  July  27, 
174!),  in  Stockbridge,  Mass. 

Sergeant,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  ">.  1770,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In 
18ir>-23,  1827-29  and  1837-43  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
fourteenth,  fifteenth,  sixteenth,  seventeenth, 
twentieth,  twenty-fifth,  twenty-sixth  and 
twenty-seventli  congresses.  He  was  es- 
pecially famous  for  his  part  in  the  great 
Misouri  compromise  in  1820.  In  1832  he 
was  the  whig  candidate  for  vice-president, 
being  upon  the  same  ticket  with  Henry 
Clay.  He  died  Nov.  25,  1852,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Sergeant,  Jonathan  Dickinson,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  I)orn  in  1746,  in  Newark, 
N.J.  In  1776-77  he  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  took  his  seat  a  few  days  after  the  dec- 
laration of  indejjcndence.  In  1777  he  be- 
came attorney-general  of  I'ennsylvania.  He 
died  Oct.  S,  1793,  in  Pliihidelphia,  Pa. 

Sergeant,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
lejiislator;  was  born  Jan.  14.  1782.  in  Phila- 
(lel|iliia.  i'.i.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1812-14;  was  attorney-gen- 
«ral  in  1819-20;  postmaster  of  Philadelphia 
in  1828-32;  and  in  1834  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court.  He  was  the 
iuithor  of  Treatise  on  tlie  Law  of  Pennsyl- 
vania Relating  to  Proceedings  by  Foreign 
Attachment;  Constitutional  Law;  View  of 
the  I^ind  I^aws  of  Pennsylvania;  and 
Sketch  of  tlie  National  Judiciary  Powers, 
lie  <lied  May  8,  iSdO,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Sferrell,  David,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
judge  of  tlie  United  States  district  court 
sometiiiie  prior  to  1884. 

Serrell,  Edward  Wellman,  civil  engineer, 
inventor,  was  born  abroad  Nov.  5,  1826, 
of  .American  parents.  He  accompanied  the 
cxpiililion  that  in  1848  located  the  route 
of  the  railroad  between  Aspinwall  and 
Panama;   and  a  year  later  was  engaged   in 


liiiilding  the  suspension-bridge  across  the 
Niagara  viver  at  Lewistoii;  also  that  at 
St.  John.  N.R.  At  the  beginning  of  the  civil 
war  he  oigaiii/.ed  the  first  New  York  engi- 
neers; was  lieutenant-colonel;  soon  became 
its  colonel;  and  served  as  chief  engineer  of 
tlie  tenth  army  corps  in  1863.  Many  valu- 
able iiiiprovcnients  of  guns  and  processes, 
that  proved  of  jiractical  service  during  the 
civil  war.  were  suggested  by  him;  and  the 
brevet  of  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
was  conferred  on  him  in  1865.  He  died  in 
l'.)06.    ill    Wasliington,   D.C. 

Service,  Francis  G.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  one  of  the  United  States  ter- 
ritorial   courts   sometime  prior   to   1884. 

Service,  Francis  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
horn  ill  New  Jersey.  He  removed  to  Ohio, 
from  wliicli  state  he  was  appointed  an 
associate  justice  for  the  territory  of  Mon- 
tana.    He  (lied  in  Virginia  City,  Nev. 

Serviss,  Garrett  Putnam,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, autlior.  was  born  March  24,  1851, 
ill  Sharon  Springs.  N.Y.  He  is  the  author 
of  Astronomy  With  an  Opera  Glass;  Edi- 
son's Conquest  of  Mars;  and  The  Moon,  a 
I'opular   Treatise. 

Servoss,  Thomas  Lowery,  merchant, 
founder,  was  born  Oct.  14,  1780,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  built  in  1831  the  first  five 
]iacket  ships  that  ran  regularly  between 
New  York  and  New  Orleans,  and  was  agent 
of  the  line.  He  was  active  in  charitable  en- 
terprises, and  held  oflicc  in  various  benevo- 
lent societies.  He  presented  a  series  of 
liistorical  reminiscences  to  the  New  York 
historical  society  in  1858.  He  died  Nov. 
30.  1866,  in  New"  York  City. 

Sessinghaus,  Gustave,  congressman.  He 
successfully  contested  a  seat  in  the  forty- 
eighth  congress  and  served  in  1883-85. 

Session,  Walter  L.,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  in  Brandon, 
Vt.  He  was  commissioner  of  schools  for 
several  years;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  assembly  in  1853-54;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1859-65.  In 
1S71-75  and  1885-87  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  forty-second,  forty- 
third  and  fortv-fourth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He 'died  May  7,  1897,  in  New 
York. 

Sessums,  Davis,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
liorn  .Inly  7,  1858,  in  Houston,  Texas.  In 
1883-87  he  was  assistant  and  later  rector 
Calvary  church  of  Memphis,  Tenn.;  and 
in  1S87-91  was  rector  of  Christ  church  of 
New  Orleans,  La.  In  1891  he  was  cons(>- 
crated  protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  Louis- 
iana. Ho  has  published  various  metaphysi- 
cal theses,  together  with  some  episcopal 
addresses,    lectiii-es    ami    sermons. 

Setchell,  William  Albert,  educator,  bot- 
anist, author,  was  born  April  15,  1864. 
in  Norwich.  Conn.  Since  1895  he  has  been 
professor  of  botany  at  the  university  of 
California,  lie  is  the  author  of  Laboratory 
I'ractice     for    Heginners    in     Botany. 


158 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Seth,  James,  educator,  author,  was  born 
in  1860,  in  Scotland.  He  has  been  a 
professor  of  moral  philosophy  in  Cornell 
university  since  1896.  He  is  tlie  author  of 
A  Study  of  Ethical  Principles. 

Seton,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ann,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  28,  1774,  in  New  York  City.  She 
was  tlie  founder  and  first  superior  of  the 
order  of  Sisters  of  Charity  in  the  United 
States.  She  was  the  author  of  Memoirs  of 
Mrs.  Seton.  written  by  Herself;  A  Frag- 
nu'ut  of  Real  History,  which  was  published 
in  1817.  She  died  Jan.  4,  1821,  in  Emmetts- 
burg,  Md. 

Seton,  Ernest  Thompson,  lecturer,  natu- 
ralist, artist,  author,  was  born  Aug  14,  1860, 
in  England.  In  1866-70  he  lived  in  the 
backwoods  of  Canada;  and  in  1882-87  lived 
on  tlie  western  plains.  He  is  now  well 
known  as  an  aniuuil  painter  and  illustrator; 
and  was  a  very  successful  lecturer.  He  was 
one  of  the  chief  illustrators  of  the  Century 
Dictionary.  He  is  the  author  and  illus- 
trator of  ^Vild  Animals  I  Have  Known; 
Wild  Animal  Play  for  Children;  and  other 
works. 

Seton,  Grace  Gallatin,  designer,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  28,  1872,  in  Sacramento, 
Cal.  She  is  the  wife  of  Ernest  T.  Seton. 
In  1897  she  began  making  books,  designing 
covers  and  title  pages.  Since  1898  she 
has  been  president  of  the  Pen  and  Brush 
club.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Woman 
Tenderfoot;  Nimrod's  Wife;  and  also  a 
serial  of  A  B  C  Zoo  Sketches;   and  a  song. 

Seton,  Robert,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  Aug.  28,  1839,  in  New  York.  For  over 
a  quarter  of  a  century  he  was  rector  of 
St.  Joseph  church  of  Jersey  City,  N.J. ; 
and  is  dean  of  all  the  monsifnori  in  the 
United  States.  Since  1903  he  has  been  an 
archbishop  of  Rome.  He  is  the  author  of 
Memoir,  Letters  and  Journal  of  Elizabeth 
Seton;  Roman  Essays;  The  Dignity  of 
Labor;    and   an   Old   Family. 

Seton,  William,  naval  officer,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Jan.  28,  183r),  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Romance  of  the  Charter 
Oak;  The  Pride  of  Lexington;  Rachel's 
Fate,  and  Other  Tales;  The  Poor  Million- 
aire; The  vShamrock  Gone  Westj  Moida,  a 
Tale  of  the  Tyrol;  and  The  Pi»n«iir,  a  poem. 

Settle,  Evan  E.,  laAvyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Dec.  1,  1848,  in 
Frankfort.  Ky.  In  1878  he  was  elected 
county  attorney  from  Owenton,  Ky.;  and 
was  re-elected  "in  1882  and  in  1886.  He 
was  twice  elected  to  the  Kentucky  legisla- 
ture, and  served  in  1887-88  and  1889-90. 
Ill  1897-99  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fift^'-fifth  congress  as  a  democrat.  He 
dieii  Nov.    16.    1899,  in   Owenton,  Ky. 

Settle,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  in  1791,  in 
Rockingliain  county,  N.C.  Fie  was  a  repre- 
sentative ill  tlie  North  Carolina  state  legis- 


lature in  1815  and  1826-28.  In  1817-21  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifteenth  and 
sixteenth  congresses;  in  1832-52  was  judge 
of  the  superior  court  of  law  and  equit3^ 
He  died  Aug.  5,  1857,  in  Rockingham  county, 
N.C. 

Settle,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1831,  in 
Rockingham  county,  N.C.  In  1854-60  he 
was  a  representative  in  the  North  Carolina 
legislature;  serving  as  speaker  of  the  house 
during  his  last  term.  In  1859-65  he  was 
solicitor  of  the  fourth  circuit.  In  1865 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention;  and  the  same 
year  was  elected  a  state  senator.  In  1868 
he  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
.of  North  Carolina;  and  in  1872  was  ap- 
pointed a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
North  Carolina,  to  fill  a  vacanc}\  In  1877- 
89  he  was  United  States  district  judge  for 
the  northern  district  of  Florida.  He  died 
Dec.  2,  1888,  in  North  Carolina. 

Settle,  Thomas,  lawyer,  diplomat,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  10,  1865,  in 
Rockingham  county,  N.C.  Under  president 
Grant  he  was  envoy  extraordinary  and 
minister  plenipoteniary  to  Peru.  He  was 
( lected  to  congress  in  1892;  and  in  1893-97 
he  was  a  representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  the  fifty-third  and  fifty-fourth  con- 
gresses. 

Settle,  Warner  EUmore,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Jan.  21,  1850.  in  Greensburg,  Kv. 
In  1871-92  he  practiced  law.  In  1892-1902 
he  was  circuit  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial 
district  of  Kentucky;  and  since  1902  has 
been  judge  of  the  Kentucky  court  of  ap- 
peals. 

Sever,  Anne  Elizabeth  Parsons,  benefac- 
tor, was  born  May  29,  1810,  in  Boston. 
Mass.  She  bequeathed  one  hvuidred  thou- 
sand dollars  to  Harvard  to  build  a  hall  for 
undergraduates  which  should  be  called  by 
her  name;  and  twenty  thousand  dollars  for 
the  purchase  of  books  for  its  library.  She 
also  willed  ten  thousand  dollars  to  the 
Boston  children's  hospital,  and  five  thousand 
dollars  each  to  five  benevolent  institu- 
tions in  that  city;  five  thousand  dollars 
to  the  New  England  historic-genealogical 
society;  and  an  equal  sum  to  the  General 
theological  library,  to  the  Boston  training 
school  for  nurses,  and  the  Connecticut  re- 
treat for  the  insane.  She  died  Dec.  15. 
1879,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sever,  George  Francis,  educator,  electrical 
engineer,  author,  was  liorn  July  30,  1866, 
in  Cambridge,  Mass,  Since  1900  he  has 
been  a  jirofessor  of  electrical  engineering 
at  Columbia  university  of  New  Y''ork  City; 
and  since  1902  has  been  consulting  engineer 
of  the  New  York  department  of  Mater  sup- 
jdy,  gas  and  electricity:  He  is  the  author 
of  Laboratory  and  Factor.y  Tests  in  Elec- 
trical   Engineering. 

Severance,  Mrs.  Caroline  Seymour,  phil- 
anthropist, writ'r,   founder,   was   born  Jan. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


159 


12,    1820.    in    Canandaigua,    N.Y.      In    1840 

she  married  Theodoric 
C.  Severance,  a  bank- 
er of  Cleveland,  Bos- 
ton, and  later  of  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.  in  1868 
she  was  one  of  the 
founders  and  first 
president  of  the  New 
Engl  a  n  d  woman's 
club  of  Boston,  which 
was  organized  a  fi'W 
weeks  before  the  Sor- 
osis  club  of  New 
York  City:  and  there- 
tore  she  is  sometimes  called  tlie  motlier 
of  women's  clubs.  8he  has  beeii  active  in 
woman's  sntt'rage  agitation;  has  presented 
numerous  memorials  and  ap])eals  for  suf- 
frage: and  has  lectured  on  that  subject. 
She  has  also  founded  clubs  in  Santa  Bar- 
bara,   and    Los    Angeles,    Cal. 

Severance,  Frank  Hayward,  journalist, 
lecturer,  author.  Mas  born  Nov.  28,  1856, 
in  Manchester.  Mass.  In  1886-1002  he  was 
managing  editor  of  the  Illustrated  BulTalo 
Express.  He  is  the  author  of  Old  Trails 
..n  tlie  Niagara  Frontier;  and  The  Song  of 
.loncaire. 

Severance,  Luther,  journalist,  state  sen- 
ator, eongressnuin.  was  born  Oct.  28,  1707, 
in  Montajiue,  Mass.  He  was  the  founder 
of  the  Kennebec  Journal,  and  its  editor 
in  182.")-40.  In  184.3-47  he  was  a  re])resenta- 
tive  from  Maine  to  the  twenty-eighth  and 
twenty-nintli  congresses:  and  was  freqiu'nt- 
ly  a  member  of  the  .Maine  legislature,  serv- 
inji  five  years  in  the  assembly  and  two 
years  in  the  state  senate.  He  died  Jan. 
2").  18.")."),  in  Aiigusta,  Maine. 

Severance,  Mark  Sibley,  college  president, 
jiuti'or,  was  born  Oct.  2S,  1846,  in  Cleveland, 
Oiiio.  He  was  assistant  li))rarian  of  con- 
gress. President  Santa  l?arbara  college, 
Cal.;  and  director  chamber  of  commerce  of 
Los  .\ngeles.  He  is  the  author  of  Ham- 
mersmith:  liis  Harvard   Days,  a  novel. 

Severens,  Henry  Franklin,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  .May  11.  IS.'M,  in  Rockingham,  Vt. 
In     1S.">7     he    graduated     from     ^liddlebury 

college  of  N'ermont 
with  tlie  degree  of 
LL.l).:  and  in  1807  re- 
ceived that  degl'ce 
Irnni  the  university 
of  .Michig:in.  In  18.")0 
he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law  in 
Vermont:  and  in  I860 
moved  to  Michigan; 
and  practiced  iiis  |>ro- 
fession  until  1886. 
In  1886-00  he  was 
I'nited  States  district 
judge  for  the  western  district  of  .Micliiiran : 
and  since  ISOO  lie  has  been  liiited  States 
circuit  judge  for  the  Initi-d  States  judicial 
( ircuit. 


Severy,  Melvin  Linwood,  inventor,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  .1,  1863,  in  :Melrose,  Mass. 
Since  1882  he  has  been  an  inventor;  and  in 
1S08  was  awarded  the  John  Scott  medal 
of  the  Franklin  institute  for  the  invention 
known  as  the  Severy  process  of  printing. 
He  is  the  author  of  Fleur-de-lis  and  Other 
Stories:  Tlie  Harrow  Knigma;  The  Mystery 
of  June  Tiiirteenth;  and  Oillette's  Social 
Redemption, 

Sevier,  Ambrose  Hundley,  lawyer,  con- 
yressnum,  Inited  States  senator,  was  born 
Nov.  4.  1801.  in  Green  county,  Tenn.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Arkansas  state  legis- 
lature in  1823  and  in  1825.  In  1827-35  he 
was  a  territorial  delegate  from  Arkansas 
to  the  twentieth,  twenty-first,  twenty-sec- 
ond and  twenty-tliird  congresses.  In  18.36 
when  the  territory  became  a  state,  and  in 
1835-48  he  was  a  United  States  senator.  He 
died  Dec.  21.   1848,  in   Little  Rock,  Ark. 

Sevier,  Clara  Driscoll,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  April  2,  1881,  in  St.  Mary's, 
Texas.  She  was  honored  by  the  Daughters 
of  the  republic  of  Texas  with  the  title 
of  custodian  of  the  Alamo,  on  account 
of  her  successful  eflforts  to  save  the  histor- 
ical site  to  the  state.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Girl  of  La  Gloria;  In  the  Shadow 
of  the  Alamo;  and  has  written  a  comic 
opera. 

Sevier,  John,  soldier,  congressman,  gov- 
ernor was  born  Sept.  23,  1745,  in  Rocking- 
iiam  county,  Tenn.  In  1780-01  and  1811-15 
he  was  a  representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  the  first  congress  and  from  Tennes- 
see to  the  twelfth  and  thirteenth  congresses. 
In  1706-1801  and  1803-00  was  the  first 
;^()vernor  of  Tennessee.  He  was  then  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  commissioners  to  ascer- 
tain the  boundary  line  of  the  Creek  ter- 
ritory. He  died "  Sept.  24,  1815,  in  Fort 
Decatur.   I.T. 

Sevilla,  Jose,  jthilanthropist,  was  born 
about  182n,  in  South  America.  He  settled 
in  New  York  City  late  in  life;  and  be- 
(pu-athed  his  ])io])erty,  valued  at  upward 
of  one  million  dollars,  for  the  establishment 
of  an  unsectarian  home  for  unfortunate 
children.  He  died  in  March.  18SS.  in  New 
^'ork   City. 

Sewall,  Arthur,  >.hi|il)uil<ler,  was  born  Nov. 
25.  1835,  in  I'.atii.  Me,  In  1803  his  ship- 
vards  were  equii)ped  for  th(>  construction  of 
steel  sailing  vessels.  He  had  connections 
with  various  railroads  in  Maine,  and  in 
the  western  states  and  Mexico,  as  <lirector 
and  president:  and  was  also  |)resident  of 
the  ISatli  national  bank.  In  1803  he  was 
liie  nominee  of  his  party  for  Cnited  States 
senator  a;,'aiiist  JMigene  Hale.  At  the 
Chicago  convention  of  I8!I6  he  was  m)mi- 
nateil  vice-president  on  the  democratic 
ticket  headed  by  William  Jennings  Bryan, 
He   (lied    ill    l!Hi(i.   in    Bnth.  Me-. 

Sewall,  Charles  S.,  h-^islator,  congress- 
man, was  l>oiii  in  I'Jkton.  Mel.  In  1832-33 
:in<l     1S4.3     lie     was    a     re-pre-se-ntative     fre)ni 


160 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Maryland  to   the  twenty-second   and  twen- 
ty-seventh congresses  to  fill  vacancies. 

Sewall,  David,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
jurist,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1735,  in  York, 
IMaine.  He  was  representative  for  York  in 
177G;  was  chosen  a  member  of  the  council 
of  Massachusetts;  and  in  1777-89  was  a 
justice  of  tiie  supreme  court.  In  1789-1818 
he  was  United  States  district  judge  for 
tlic  district  of  Maine.  He  died  Oct.  22, 
1825,  in  York,  Maine. 

Sewall,  Frank,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  24,  1837,  in  Bath,  Maine.  He 
is  a  Swedenborgian  clergyman  of  Wash- 
ington, U.C.  He  is  the  author  of  Moody 
Mike,  or  the  Power  of  Love;  The  Hem  of 
His  Garment;  The  Pillow  of  Stones;  The 
New  Kthics;  The  New  Metaphysics;  An- 
gelo  and  Ariel;  Latin  Speaker;  and  Reason 
in    P.clief. 

Sewall,  Frederic  Dummer,  soldier,  was 
boin  in  .Maine.  In  1SG2  he  was  colonel  in 
til'.'  nineteenth  regiment  IMaine  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  bre vetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
iimsterrd   out   in    ISfJS. 

Sewall,  Harold  Marsh,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  diplomat,  was  born  Jan.  3.  1860,  in 
Bath,  Maine.  In  1896  and  1903-07  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Maine  house  of  represen- 
tatives; and  in  1907-00  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate.  In  1S!>7  he  was  United 
Staes  minister  to  Hawaii. 

Sewall,  Mrs.  Harriett  Winslow,  littera- 
teur, poet,  was  born  in  1819,  in  Maine. 
She  was  a  religious  poet  of  Boston,  Mass. 
A  collection  of  her  Poems,  with  Memoir  by 
Mrs.  E.  Cheney,  appeared  in  1889.  She 
died   in    1889.  h\   Boston,  Mass. 

Sewall,  John  Smith,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  March  20,  1830,  in  New  Castle, 
Maine.  He  was  a  member  of  Commodore 
Perry's  Japan  expedition.  In  1859-67  he 
was  ])astor  of  the  Congregational  church 
of  Widham,  Mass.  In  1864  he  was  chaplain 
of  the  eighth  regiment  Massachusetts  volun- 
teers. In  1867-75  lie  was  professor  of 
rhetoric,  oratory  and  Englisli  literature 
at  Bowdoin  college;  and  since  1875  has  been 
professor  of  ■  homiletics  and  sociology  at 
the  Bangor  theological  seminary,  where 
he  is  now  profi>ssor  emeritus.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  Logbook  of  the  Captain's  Clerk. 
Sewall,  Jonathan  Mitchell,  lawyer,  poet, 
was  born  in  1748,  in  Salem.  Mass.  He  was 
a  lawyer  of  Portsmouth,  N.H.,  i)opular  in 
his  own  day  as  a  verse  writer.  His  verse 
is  for  the  niost  part  forgotten,  but  his  song 
War  and  Washington  is  yet  remembered. 
He  died  ]\Iarcli  29,  1808,  in  Portsmouth, 
N.H. 

Sewall,  Joseph  Addison,  educator,  col- 
li ge  i)resident,  was  born  in  1830,  in  Maine. 
In  1877-88  he  v.as  the  first  president  of 
tlie  university  of   Colorado. 

Sewall,  Jotham,  clergyman,  theologian, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1760,  in  York,  Maine.  His 
ministry    extended    over    a    period    of    fifty 


years;  and  in  this  time  he  preached  four 
and  a  half  times  on  an  average  every  Aveek. 
His  field  was  confined  chiefly  to  Maine  and 
parts  of  New  Hampshire  and  Rhode  Island. 
He  died  Oct.  3,  1850,  in  Chesterville,  Maine. 
Sewall,  Jotham  Bradbury,  clergyman, 
educator,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1825,  in  New- 
castle, ]\Iaine.  In  1854-64  he  filled  a  pas- 
torate in  Lynn,  Mass.  In  1865-77  he  was 
professor  of  Greek  at  Bowdoin  college.  In 
1877  he  was  appointed  to  organize  Thayer 
academy  of  Braintree,  Mass.;  and  was  its 
liead  until  1896. 

Sewall,  May  Wright,  educator,  lecturer, 
autiior,  was  born  May  27,  1844,  in  Milwau- 
kee,  AVis.      She   has   been   president   of   the 

National  council  of 
Women  of  the  United 
States;  president  of 
the  Propalseum  asso- 
ciation of  Indianap- 
olis; and  president  of 
the  Ramabai  circle  of 
Indianapolis.  She  has 
contributed  to  the 
press  on  historical, 
literary  and  reform 
subjects;  a  large 
number  of  pamphlets 
and  monographs 
on  educational  and  reform  topics;  and  her 
pul)lie  addresses  have  been  very  numerous. 
Slie  is  now  engaged  in  educational  work  in 
Indianapolis,  Ind.;  and  has  charge  of  the 
(iirls'  classical  scliool  of  that  city,  of  which 
luT  liusband  was  the  founder.  In  1899 
slie  became  president  of  the  International 
council  of  women;  and  commissioner  .to 
the  congresses  convened  at  Paris  in  con- 
nection with  the  Paris  exposition.  She  is 
the  author  of  Historical  Resume  of  the 
Worlds  Congress  of  Representative  Women. 
Sewall,  Rufus  King,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  21,  1814,  in  Edgecomb,  Maine. 
He  was  a  lawyer  of  Wiscasset,  Maine.  He 
was  the  author  of  Lectures  on  the  Holy 
Si)irit;  Sketches  of  St.  Augustine;  Ancient 
Dominions  of  Maine;  and  Ancient  Voyages 
to  the  Western  Continent.  He  died  in  1903, 
in    Wiscasset,  IMaine. 

Sewall,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  March  28,  1652,  in  England.  He 
was  a  noted  jurist  of  Boston;  and  is  best 
remembered  for  his  connection  with  the 
Salem  witchcraft  trials.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  Selling  of  Joseph;  Answer  to  Queries 
Respecting  America;  Accomplishment  of 
I'ropliecies;  Memorial  Relating  to  the  Ken- 
nebec Indians;  and  Description  of  the  New 
Heaven.  He  died  Jan.  1,  1730,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Sewall,  Samuel,  civil  engineer,  inventor. 
V  as  born  in  1724,  in  York,  Maine.  He  is  said 
to  have  been  the  first  to  drive  piles  as  a 
foundation  for  bridges,  introducing  this  de- 
vice at  York  in  1761.  In  1786  he  erected 
the  Cliarlestown  bridge  on  tliis  plan.  He 
died  July  28,  1815,  in  York,  IMaine. 


0  t 

HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ICl 


Sewall,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  11,  1757,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  in  1707-1800  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Massacliusetts  to  the  lifth  and 
sixth  congresses.  In  1800-1-4  he  was  a  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  JNIassachusetts ; 
and  in  1813  was  chief  justice.  He  died 
June  8,   1814.  in   Wiscasset,  Maine. 

Sewall,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  June  1,  1785,  in  Marblehead,  Mass. 
He  was  pastor  of  the  congregational  church 
at  Burlington,  .Mass  in  1814-68.  He  was 
fond  of  antiquarian  studies,  and  left  a 
History  of  Woburn,  Mass.,  from  the  Grant 
of  Its  Territory  to  Charlestown,  in  1640  to 
1800.  He  died'Feb.  18,  1808,  in  Burlington, 
Mass. 

Sewall,  Stephen,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Dec.  18,  1704,  in  Salem,  Mass.  He  was 
appointed  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Massachusetts;  and  in  1752-60  he  was  chief 
justice.  He  died  Sept.  10,  1760,  in  Massa- 
chusetts. 

Sewall,  Stephen,  scholar,  educator,  au- 
tlior.  was  born  April  4,  1734,  in  York, 
Maine.  He  was  professor  of  Hebrew  at 
Harvard  college  in  1705-85.  He  was  the 
author  of  Hebrew  Grammar;  Scripture  Ac- 
count of  the  Siiechinah;  and  Carmina  Sacra 
quiE  Latine  Gnecequecondidit  America.  He 
(iiod  July  23.   1804.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sewall,  Xheodore  Lorett,  edu.cator,  wat 
born  Sept.  20,  1853,  in  Germantown,  Ohio. 
In  1874  lie  opened  tlie  Boys'  classical  school 
at  Indianapolis;  and  in  1882  founded  the 
(.'iris'  classical  school  in  the  same  city,  of 
wliicli  liis  wife,  Mrs.  May  Wright  Sowall, 
is  jirincipai.  For  ten  years  he  was  secre- 
tary of  the  Indianapolis  literary  club,  and 
was  one  year  its  president.  For  five  years 
he  was  secretary  of  the  Contemporary  club; 
l<>un(U'r  and  secretary  of  the  Indiana  Har- 
vard club:  and  is  interested  in  various  re- 
forms, civil  service  reform,  higher  educa- 
tion, and  in  tlie  jjolitical  enfranchisement  of 
V  (inu-n.  He  died  in  1800,  in  Indianapolis, 
In.!. 

Sedwall,  Thomas,  physician,  educator, 
;nitlioi-,  wai^  born  April  10,  1786,  in  Augusta, 
.\Iaine.  He  was  a  Wasliington  ])hysician; 
;in(l  profefrsor  of  anatomy  in  Columbian 
nniversity  from  1821.  He  was  the  author 
of  'ilie  I'atliology  of  Drunkenness,  which 
liad  a  wide  circMlation.  He  died  April  10, 
i8>.'i.  in  Wasliington.  D.C. 

Seward,  Augustus  Henry,  soldier,  was 
btini  Oet.  1.  1.S26.  ill  Auburn,  N.Y.  He 
served  as  paymaster  (hiring  the  civil  war; 
and  receivd  tlie  brevets  of  lientenant-col- 
oiwl  and  eiilonel  at  its  close,  lie  died  Sept. 
II,    KSTtl.    in    .Montrose,   X.V. 

Seward,  Clarence  Armstrong,  lawyer,  was 
bcirii  (tit.  7.  1S2S,  ill  New  York  City.  He 
was  judi.'e-;i(l\(>e:ite-geiieral  (if  the  state  of 
New  York  in  lS')(!-(^)0.  After  tlie  attempted 
assassination  of  Secretary  Seward  and  hi.s 
son  lie  was  apjioiiited  acting  assistant  sec- 
retary of  state.  He  died  July  24,  ]8!t7,  in 
Geneva,   N.Y. 


Seward,  Frederick  William,  journalist, 
lawyer,  author,  was  born  July  8,  1830,  in 
Auburn,  N.Y.  He  was  associate  eclitor  of 
the  Albany  Evening  Journal  until  1861, 
wlien  he  was  appointed  assistant  secretary 
of  state,  wliich  office  he  held  for  the  eight 
vears  that  his  father  was  secretary;  and 
again  in  1877-81.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  legislature  in  1875.  In  1904  he 
was  a  member  of  the  international  arbitra- 
tion conference  held  in  Washington,  D.C. 
He  is  the  autlior  of  the  Life  and  Letters 
of    his    father. 

Seward,  George  Frederick,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  8,  1840,  in  Florida, 
N.Y.;  and  was  a  nephew  of  W.  H.  Seward. 
He  was  minister  to  China  in  1875-80.  In 
i861-()4  he  was  consul  at  Shanghai;  and 
consul-general  during  1864-75.  He  is  now 
president  of  the  Fidelity  and  Casualty  com- 
pany of  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of 
Chinese  Immigration  in  Its  Social  and  Eco- 
nomical   Aspects. 

Seward,  James  L.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  (ieorgia.  In  1836  he  was  elected 
to  the  e;eorgia  state  legislature,  serving  sev- 
eral years.  In  1853-59  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  (icorgia  to  the  thirty-third, 
tliirty-fourth  and  thirty-fifth  congresses. 
He  died  in  (Georgia. 

Seward,  Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  editor, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  25,  1835,  in  Florida, 
N.Y.  He  was  for  many  years  the  editor 
of  the  New  York  Musical  (jJazette,  and  the 
Musical  Reform;  and  for  many  years  was 
professor  of  Music  Teacher's  college  of 
New  York  City.  He  was  the  founder  of 
the  Brotherhood  of  Christian  Unity,  of 
East  Grange,  N.J.;  and  is  still  its  manager. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  School  of  Life; 
Heaven  l<h'ery  Day;  and  of  many  music 
books  for  cluu-ch  and  social  use.  He  died 
Aug.    31,    19U2.    in    Orange,   N.J. 

Seward,  William,  soldier,  was  born  Aug. 
19.  1837.  in  New  Hackensack,  N.Y.  In 
lS(il-(i3  lie  served  in  the  civil  war;  and 
attained  the  rank  of  adjutant-general. 
In  1893  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral. He  died  in  1905.  in  St.  George's  S.C. 
Seward,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  cabinet  ollicer,  governor,  author, 
was    born    May    10,    1801,    in    Florida.    N.Y. 

He  was  educated  in 
the  common  schools; 
and  in  lS2(t  gradmited 
from  rnion  colh^ge. 
lie  studieil  law;  and 
in  1823  began  tiie 
practice  of  his  profes- 
sion at  Auburn,  N.Y. 
In  lS.!(l-44  he  was  a 
member  of  the  New 
York  state  senate; 
and  in  18.39-43  was 
the  twelfth  governor 
of  the  state  of  New 
York.  In  1819-01  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Initeil  States  senate;  and  in  1801-69 
was  a   iiiemlur  of  President  Lincoln's  cabi- 


.^^■> 


162 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


net  as  secretary  of  state.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Life  and  Public  Services  of  John 
Quincy  Adams;  Orations  and  Speeches; 
Diplomatic  History  of  the  Civil  war;  Trav- 
els Around  the  World;  and  four  volumes  of 
his  speeches.  He  died  Oct.  10,  1872,  in 
Auburn,  N.Y. 

Seward,  William  Henry,  soldier,  banker, 
was  born  June  18,  183!),  in  Auburn,  N.Y. 
He  served  through  the  civil  war  in  1861-65 
in  defenses  of  Washington  in  the  army  of 
the  Potomac,  department  of  West  Virginia; 
was  wounded  and  promoted  for  gallantry. 
He  was  colonel  with  New  York  heavy  artil- 
lery; and  obtained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  United  States  volunteers.  In  1860 
he  founded  and  is  still  at  the  head  of  the 
banking  house  of  William  H.  Seward  and 
company  of  Auburn,  N.Y.  In  1888  he  was 
president  of  the  New  York  state  electoral 
college;  has  been  president  of  the  Cayuga 
county  savings  bank;  president  of  the  Au- 
burn "city  hospital;  president  of  the  Cay- 
uga county  historical  society;  director  of 
the  American  express  company;  and  promi- 
nent in  various  institutions. 

Sewell,  Albert  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  30,  1847,  in  Hamden,  N.Y.  In 
1878-80  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
state  legislature;  and  in  1888-99  was  county 
judge  and  surrogate.  In  1899  he  became 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  York  for  the  sixth  district  for  term 
expiring  in   1913. 

Sewell,  James,  congressman.  In  1843  he 
was  a  representative  from  Maryland  in 
the  third  session  of  the  twenty-seventli 
congress  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  died  in 
iviaryland. 

Sewell,  Lydia  Amanda  Brewster,  painter, 
artist,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1859,  in  Plattsburg, 
N.Y.  She  has  a  studio  in  New  York  City. 
Among  her  canvasses  are  portraits  of  Mrs. 
Flora  Bigelow  Dodge;  Mrs.  Stephen  H. 
Olin;  and  Mrs.  Peter  Cooper  Hewitt.  She 
is  an  associate  member  of  the  national  acad- 
emy of  design;  and  a  founder  and  mem- 
ber of  the  Woman's  art  club  of  New  York 
City. 

Sewell,  Robert,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
in  1831,  in  Ireland.  He  was  the  author 
of  Pension  Law  Practice  in  the  United 
States;  and  Titles  to  Beds  of  Ponds  and 
Streams  in  the  State  of  New  York.  He 
died   in    1897.   in   New   Y'ork  City. 

Sewell,  Robert  Van  Vorst,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  in  1860,  in  New  York  City.  His 
iiiural  painting  entitled  the  Canterbiu'y 
Pilgrims  hangs  in  the  hall  of  the  residence 
of  George  Gould  at  Lakewood,  N.J.  Since 
1902  he  has  been  an  associate  member  of 
the  national  academy  of  design. 

Sexton,  Henry  D.,  business  president,  fln- 
aiuif'i',  was  born  Nov.  18,  1854,  in  East  St. 
Louis,  111.  He  had  been  a  successful  real 
estate  dealer,  financier,  and  insurance  brok- 
er of  East  St.  Louis,  111.  He  is  now  vice 
president     of     the     Workingmen's     banking 


company ;  president  of  the  Second  mutual 
loan  association ;  president  of  the  State 
savings  and  loan  association ;  vice-president 
of  the  East  St.  Louis  electric  street  rail- 
road company ;  secretary  and  tfeasurer  of 
the  Citizens'  electric  light  and  power  com- 
pany ;  and  president  of  the  Main  street  safe 
deposit  company.  He  is  also  prominent  in 
various  other  business  enterprises,  and  takes 
an  active  part  in  public  affairs. 

Sewell,  William  Joyce,  soldier,  United 
Stales  senator,  was  born  Dec.  6,  1835,  in 
Ireland.     He  served  in  the  merchant  marine 

for  a  few  years ; 
'^'''VBPKHH  then  went  to  Chi- 
^r^Kl  ^=^S"),  111.,  and  en- 
1H|*  gaged  in  business. 
^^  '  He  entered  the 
union  army  in  1861 
as  a  captain ;  and 
was  mustered  out  of 
service  at  the  close 
of  the  war  as  a 
brevet  major-gen- 
eral. He  served  in 
the  New  J  e  r  s  e  y 
state  senate  for 
nine  years,  three  years  as  president  of  the 
senate.  He  was  a  delegate  to  all  the  repub- 
lican national  conventions  from  1876  to 
1896  :  and  in  1881-87  and  1895-1903  he  was 
I'nited  States  senator  from  New  Jersey. 
During  tlie  Spanish-American  war  he  was 
ai)pointed  major-general  of  volunteers,  but 
(lid  not  take  the  field.  He  died  Dec.  27, 
1902,  in  Camden,  N.J. 

Sexton,  James  Andrew,  soldier  manu- 
fiu-turcr,  was  l)orn  Jan.  5,  1844,  in  Chicago, 
HI.  Iji  1861  he  enlisted  as  a  private  sol- 
dier ;  was  commis- 
sionoil  a  first  lieu- 
ti'uant ;  and  -  partici- 
pated in  nearly  all 
the  campaigns  of  the 
:irmy  of  the  Tennes- 
see. After  the  war 
he  remained  two 
years  in  Alabama ; 
and  in  1867  returned 
to  Chicago  a  n  d 
founded  the  firm  of 
J.  A.  and  T.  S.  Sex- 
ton, which  after  the 
Chicago  fire  was  succeeded  by  Cribben,  Sex- 
ton and  company.  This  firm  is  still  in  the 
l)usiness  as  manufacturers  of  stoves,  hol- 
low-ware, and  plumbers'  supplies ;  and  has 
l)eco7ne  widely  known  throughout  the  United 
Slates.  1789-1818.  It  was  in  a  notice  of 
Cliicaso,  111.  He  has  been  a  presidential 
elector ;  a  colonel  in  the  Illinois  national 
guard;  and  in  1898  became  grand  com- 
mander of  the  grand  army  of  the  republic. 
He  (lied  Feb.  5,  1899,  in  Washington.  D.C. 
Sexton,  Leonidas,  lawyer,  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor, (ougr.'ssman,  was  born  May  19,  1827, 
in  Hushville,  Ind.  He  was  a  representative 
in    Ihe    Indiana    state    legislature    in    1856; 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY, 


i6;i 


iind  lii'utenant-soveinor  in  1873-77.  In 
1877-79  lie  was  a  representative  lioni  In- 
diana to  the  forty-fifth  congress  as  a  re- 
puhlii-aii. 

Sexton,  Pliny  Titus,  huvyer,  banker,  re- 
cent, was  horn  Jnne  12,  1840,  in  Pahuyra, 
N.Y.  He  is  president  of  the  First  national 
bank  of  I'almyra,  of  which  village  he  was 
president  for  fonr  years.  He  has  been 
^)resident  of  tlie  board  of  education  for  six 
years;  and  in  1890  was  elected  regent  of 
the  nniversity  of  the  state  of  New  York, 
which  is  a  life  position. 

Sexton,  Samuel,  otologist,  inventor,  was 
horn  in  1833.  in  Xenia,  Ohio.  During  the 
first  year  of  the  civil  war  he  served  as  a 
surgeon,  and  in  1869  he  made  his  home  in 
New  York  City.  lie  was  appointed  chief 
surgeon  of  the  West  Side  eye  and  ear  in- 
firmary in  1877;  and  later  was  a  lecturer  in 
the  New  York  eye  and  ear  infirmary.  He 
di.-d   .Inly   11.   1896.  in  New  York  City. 

Seybert,  Adam,  chemist,  congressman,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  16,  1773,  in  Philadel- 
phia. Pa.  He  was  a  Philadelphia  chemist. 
In  1809-15  and  1817-19  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  eleventh,  twelfth,  thirteenth 
and  fifteenth  congresses.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Statistical  Annals  of  the  United 
State.s.  1789-1818.  It  was  in  a  notice  of 
this  book  for  The  Edinburgh  Review  that 
Sydney  Smith  made  the  famous  query.  Who 
reads  an  American  book?  He  died  May  2, 
1825.  in  Paris,  France. 

Seyffarth,  Gustavus,  scientist,  educator, 
author,  was  born  July  13,  1796,  in  Saxony. 
He  was  professor  of  oriental  archaeology  at 
Leipzig  university  in  1825-55;  and  was  pro- 
fessor at  Concordia  seminary  in  St.  Louis 
in  1855-71.  The  remainder  of  his  life  was 
passed  in  New  York  City.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  liudimenta  Hieroglyphica ;  Gram- 
matica  .Egyptiaca ;  and  Egyptian  Theology 
according  to  a  Paris  Mummy  Coffin.  He 
died  Nov.  17,  1885,  in  New  York  City. 

Seymour,  Augustus  Sherrill,  laywer,  jur- 
ist, state  senator,  was  born  Nov.  30,  1836,^in 
Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  moved  to  Newberne,  N.C. ; 
and  was  appointed  criminal  judge  of  that 
city  in  1868.  He  was  a  representative  in 
the  state  legislature  in  1868-70  ;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1871  ;  and  state  senator  in  1872-74.  He  was 
judge  of  the  state  superior  court  in  1874-82; 
and  in  1882-97  was  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  Eastern  district  of  North 
Carolina. 

Seymour,  Charles  B.,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  1829  in  i:n;:Iand.  In  1849  he 
became  coiuiectefl  with  the  New  York 
Times;  and  served  as  musical  and  dramatic 
editor  until  his  death.  He  was  correspond- 
ent for  tlie  Times  at  the  Paris  exposition  of 
1867,  where  his  services  as  one  of  the  .\ni<T- 
iian  commission  i)rocured  him  a  nn-dal  from 
the  emperor.  He  was  tiie  author  of  Self- 
Made  Men.  He  died  May  2.  1869.  in  New 
York    City. 


Seymour,  David  Lowrey,  state  legislator, 
congicssman.  was  horn  Dec.  2,  1903,  in 
Wethersfield.  Conn.  In  1836  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York  state  legislature ;  and 
was  a  master  in  chancery.  In  1843-45  and 
1851-53  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  twenty-eighth  and  thirty-sec- 
ond congresses.  He  died  Oct.  11,  1867,  in 
Lanesborough,    Mass. 

Seymour,  Edward  Woodruff,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.  30,  1832,  in  Litchfield,  Conn.  He  was 
a  representative  in  the  Connecticut  state 
legislature  in  1859-60  and  1870-71.  In  1875 
he  moved  to  Bridgeport ;  in  1876  was  a 
state  senator ;  and  in  1888  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  justices  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Connecticut.  In  1883-87  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Connecticut  to  the  forty- 
eighth  and  forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  Oct.  16,  1892,  in  Litchfield, 
Conn. 

Seymour,  Henry,  merchant,  state  senator, 
was  born  May  30,  1780,  in  Litchfield,  Conn. 
He  served  in  both  branches  of  the  New 
York  legislature ;  and  was  mayor  of  Utica  ; 
canal  commissioner ;  and  president  of  the 
Farmers'  loan  and  trust  company.  He  died 
Aug.  26,  1837,  in  Utica,  N.Y. 

Seymour,  George  Franklin,  clergyman, 
bishop,  author,  was  born  Jan.  5.  1829,  in 
New  York  City.  He  was  the  founder  of  St. 
Stephen's  college  of  Annandale,  N.Y'.  For 
many  years  he  was  dean  and  profes.sor  of 
ecclesiastical  history  in  the  General  Theo- 
logical seminary  of  New  York  City.  In  1878 
he  was  consecrated  protestant  episcopal 
bishop  of  Springfield.  111.,  to  which  high 
office  he  was  re-elected  three  times.  He 
was  the  author  of  Modern  Romanism  Not  . 
Catholicity.  He  died  Dec.  8,  1906.  in 
Springfield,   HI. 

Seymour,  Henry  William,  lawyer,  manu- 
facturer, slate  senator,  congressman,  was 
born  July  21,  1834,  in  Brockport,  N.Y.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Brockport  collegiate 
institute  and  at  the  Canandaigua  acade- 
my; and  in  185;')  graduated  from  Williams 
college.  In  18.56  he  began  the  practice  of 
law;  and  subsequently  became  interested- 
in  the  lumber  business  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie, 
Mich.  In  1  SSI -82  he  was  a  representative 
ill  the  Michigan  state  legislature;  and  in 
1S88-S0  was  a  representative  from  Michi- 
gan to  the  fiftieth  congress  to  fill  a  va- 
cancy. He  died  April  7,  1006.  in  Wa.shing- 
ton.'D.C. 

Seymour,  Horatio,  lawyer,  United  States 
s.Mialor.  was  born  May  31.  1778,  in  Litch- 
fichl.  Conn.  He  was  a  judge  of  probate; 
and  a  member  of  the  council  of  Vermont. 
In  1821-33  he  was  United  States  senator 
from  V'ermont.  He  died  Nov.  21,  1857.  in 
Middldmry.    Vt. 

Seymour,  Horatio  Winslow,  publisher,  au- 
thor, was  horn  in  1854  in  Cayuga  county. 
N.Y.  He  was  publisher  of  the  Chicago 
Chronicle;    and    secretary    and    treasurer  of 


164 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


the  Chicago  Chronicle  company  in  1895-1906. 
He  is  the  author  of  Government  and  Com- 
pany, Limited. 

Seymour,  Horatio,  lawyer,  legislator,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  May  31,  1810,  in  Pompey 
Hill,   N.Y.     He   was  a  member  of  the  New 

York  state  assembly 
in  1841 ;  was  mayor 
of  Utica  in  1842; 
and  was  speaker  of 
the  lower  house  of 
the  legislature  i  n 
1845.  He  was  the 
eighteenth  governor 
of  New  York  in 
1853-55  and  1863-65. 
In  1868  he  was  nom- 
inated for  the  presi- 
dency of  the  United 
States ;  received  only 
votes ;  and  was  defeated  by 
He  died  Feb.   12,   1886,   in 


In 

of 


Browne, 

Oxford, 
for  ju- 
of  Mol- 


eighty  electoral 
General  Grant. 
Utica,  N.Y. 

Seymour,  John,  colonial  governor. 
1704-09-14  he  was  colonial  governor 
Maryland.  He  died  July  30,  1709. 
Seymour,  Mrs.  Mary  Harrison 
author,  was  born  Sept.  7,  1835,  in 
Conn.  Her  writings  are  mainly 
venile  readers.  She  was  the  author 
lie's  Christmas  Stocking;  Sunshine  and 
Starlight ;  Recompense  ;  Through  the  Dark- 
ness ;  and  Ned,  Nellie,  and  Amy.  She  died 
June  26,  1913. 

Seymour,  Moses,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
was  born  July  23,  1742,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
He  held  the  office  of  town-clerk  of  Litch- 
field for  thirty-seven  years  consecutively  in 
1789-1826  ;  was  elected  annually  to  the  leg- 
islature in  1795-1811;  and  was  active  in 
the  affairs  of  the  protestant  episcopal 
church.  He  died  Sept.  17,  1826,  in  Litch- 
field,  Conn. 

Seymour,  Origen  Storrs,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Feb. 
9,  1804,  in  Litchfield,  Conn.  He  served  in 
the  Connecticut  state  legislature,  and  was 
speaker  in  1850.  In  1851-55  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Connecticut  to  the  thirty- 
second  and  thirty-third  congresses;  and  in 
1855-63  was  judge  of  the  superior  court.  In 
1870  he  was  appointed  a  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  errors ;  and  in  1873  was  ap- 
pointed chief  justice  of  the  same.  He  died 
Aug.   12.   1881,   in  Litclifield,   Conn. 

Seymour,  Robert  G.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  27,  1841,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1864  he  entered  the  baptist  ministry. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  seventy-nintlv  United  States 
colored  infantry.  He  is  the  author  of  Light 
for  till'  Jdurney  ;  Pastoral  Companion ;  and 
Fresh  Water  from  Old  Wells. 

Seymour,  Thomas  Day,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  1,  1848,  in  Hudson,  Ohio, 
lie  was  professor  of  Greek  at  Yale  univer- 
sity. He  was  the  autlior  of  Homeric  Vo- 
cabulary;   School    Iliad;    Selected    Odes    of 


Pindar,  with  Notes ;  Introduction  to  the 
Language  and  Verse  of  Homer ;  and  Ho- 
mer's Iliad.  He  died  in  1907  in  New  Haven, 
Conn. 

Seymour,  Thomas  Hart,  soldier,  journalist, 
lawyer,  jurist,  diplomat,  congressman,  gover- 
nor, was  born  in  1808  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In 
1843-45  he  was  a  representative  from  Connec- 
ticut to  the  twenty-eighth  congress.  In  1846 
he  went  to  Mexico  as  a  major  of  the  New 
England  regiment.  In  1850-53  he  was  the 
eighteentli  governor  of  Connecticut.  He  was 
subsequently  appointed  minister  to  Russia. 
He  died  Sept.  3,  1868,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Seymour,  Truman,  soldier,  was  born  Sept. 
25,  1824,  in  Burlington,  Vt.  He  served  in 
the  Mexican  and  civil  wars ;  and  attained 
the  brevet  of  major-general  in  the  United 
States  army.  He  died  Oct.  30,  1891,  in 
Florence,    Italy. 

Seymour,  William,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Connecticut.  He 
served  as  a  member  of  the  New  York  as- 
sembly in  1832  and  1834  ;  and  in  1835-37  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-fourth 
congress.     He  died  in  Binghamtou,  N.Y". 

Seymour,  William,  actor,  stage  manager, 
was  born  Dec.  19,  1855,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1862  he  began  his  career  as  an  actor; 
and  in  1872  became  stage  manager  of  Vari- 
ties  theater  of  New  Orleans,  La.  He  has 
adapted  and  arranged  many  plays,  the  latest 
being  entilled  The  Crust  of  Society. 

Seymour,  Mrs.  William  Wood,  author. 
She  is  the  author  of  Christmas  Holidays  at 
Cedar  Grove ;  Easter  Holidays ;  and  other 
works. 

Shackleford,  Dorsey  W.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
statesman,  was  born  Aug.  27,  1853,  in  Sa- 
line county.  Mo.  In  1879  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Booneville,  Mo. ;  and  in  1882- 
86  served  as  prosecuting  attorney  of  Cooper 
county.  In  1892-99  he  was  judge  of  the 
fourteenth  judicial  circuit  of  Missouri.  In 
1899-1915  he  was  a  representative  from  Mis- 
souri of  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty- 
eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty- 
second    and    sixty-third    congresses. 

Shackleford,  Edward  Madison,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1863,  in 
Alabama.  In  1885-89  he  was  captain  of 
the  Alabama  state  militia.  In  1887-99  he 
was  professor  of  English  and  civics  at  the 
state  normal  school  at  Troy,  Ala.;  and  since 
1899  has  been  i)resident  of  that  institution. 
Shackelford,  James  M.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  July  7,  1827,  in  Lincoln 
county.  Ky.  He  served  as  a  lieutenant  in 
the  Mexican  war;  and  in  the  civil  war  he 
became  brigadier-general  in  1863.  The  same 
year  he  captured  the  confederate  General 
John  II.  Morgan  and  command.  In  1889-93 
he  was  judge  of  the  United  States  court  of 
Indian  territory ;  Itecame  attorney  for  the 
Choctaw  nation;  and  practices  law  in  Mus- 
cogee.  I.T. 

Shackelford,    John   W.,   congressman.     In 
1881-83  he  was  a  representative  from  North 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


165 


Carolina  to  the  forty-seventh  congress  as  a 
democrat.  He  died  Jan.*  18,  1883,  i,n  Wash- 
in?:ton,   D.C. 

Shackford,  Charles  Chauncy,  educator, 
clenryman.  author,  was  liorn  in  1815  in  New 
Hampshire.  In  1846-65  he  filled  a  pastorate 
in  the  Unitarian  church  of  Lynn,  Mass.  In 
1871  he  hecame  professor  of  rhetoric  at 
Cornell  university.  lie  was  the  author  of 
A  Citizen's  Appeal  in  Regard  to  the  War 
with  Mexico ;  and  Social  and  Literary  Ta- 
pers. 

Shackleford,  Dorsey  W.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
con.i:rossman.  was  bora  Aug.  27,  1853,  in 
Saline  county.  Mo.  In  1879  he  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  P.ooncville,  Mo. ;  and  in 
1882-86  served  as  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Cooper  county.  In  1892-99  he  was  judge 
of  the  fourteenth  judicial  circuit  of  Mis- 
souri. In  1899-1911  he  was  a  representative 
from  Missouri  to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth, fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixiieth  and 
sixiy-fust  congresses. 

Shackleford,  Thomas  Mitchell,  lawyer, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  Nov.  14.  1859,  in 
Fayetteville,  Tenn.  In  1883-93  he  practiced 
law  in  Brooksville,  Fla. ;  and  in  1893-1902 
at  Tampa,  Fla.  In  1902-05  he  was  an  as- 
sociate justice ;  and  since  1905  has  been 
chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Florida,  llo  is  the  author  of  Amoskohegan  ; 
and   P.y    Sunlit   Waters. 

Shackleton,  Robert,  journalist,  author, 
was  i)orn  Dec.  26.  1860.  in  Mazomanie,  Wis. 
For  two  years  he  was  one  of  the  editors  of 
the  Saturday  Evening  Post  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Toomey  and  Oth- 
ers :  The  Quest  of  the  Colonial ;  and  other 
works. 

Shadwick,  William,  congressman.  He 
was  a  member  of  congress  from  North 
Carolina  in  1796-97.  He  died  in  North  Caro- 
lina. 

Shaeffer,  Michael,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
juilgc  of  one  of  the  Fuitod  States  territorial 
courts  sometime  prior  to  1884. 

Shafer,  Harry  M.,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  l)orn  Aug.  15,  1868.  in  Ottawa, 
111.  He  was  educated  at  the  Illinois  state 
normal  school  ;  received  the  degrees  of  B.S. 
and  M.S.  from  Eureka  college;  received  the 
degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M.  from  Harvard  uni- 
versity :  and  attend(>d  the  Teachers'  college. 
(V)hnnbia  university.  In  1887-90  he  was  a 
te.iijior  in  the  Illiiu)is  pid)lic  schools;  in 
1890-94  was  ]»rinci|iai  of  the  schools  at 
Lafayette.  III.;  and  in  1894-98  was  su- 
lierintendent  of  schools  at  (Jilman.  111. 
In  1901-03  be  was  director  of  training 
school,  state  normal  sciiool.  at  San  Hiego. 
Cal.  Since  1903  has  been  president  of  the 
Washington  state  normal  school. 

Shafer,  Helen  Almira,  educator,  college 
president,  was  i)oru  Sept.  23.  1839.  in  New- 
ark. N.J.  In  1877  she  became  professor  of 
mathematics  at  Wellesley  college;  and  was 
made  ))resident  of  this  institutiou  in  1888. 
She  died  Jan.  20.  1894,  in   Wellesley,   Mass. 


Shafer,  Jacob  K.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  26,  1826,  in  Rockingham 
county.  Va.  In  1849  he  moved  to  Stock- 
ton, Cal. :  and  in  1850  was  elected  district 
attorney.  In  1852  he  was  elected  mayor  of 
Stockton  ;  and  in  1853-62  was  judge  of  San 
Joaquin  county.  In  1862  he  removed  to 
Wa.shington  territory ;  and  in  1869-71  he 
was  a  territorial  delegate  from  Idaho  to  the 
forty-first  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
in  Idaho. 

Shafer,  Mrs.  Sara  Andrew,  writer,  author, 
was  born  in  La  Porte,  Ind.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Day  Before  Yesterday  ;  Beyond 
Chance  of  Change  ;   and   otlier  works. 

Shaffer,  Cornelius  Thadeus,  soldier,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  bishop,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  3,  1847,  in  Troy,  Ohio.  He 
has  filled  pastorates  in  Ohio,  New  York, 
Maryland  and  Pennsylvania  ;  and  since  1900 
has  been  bishop  of  the  African  methodist 
episcopal  church.  In  1901-03  he  was  presi- 
dent of  Western  university  at  Quindaro, 
Kan.  He  is  the  author  of  Pastors  Visiting 
Companion  and  Diary. 

Shaffer,  George  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  In  1862  lie  was  first  lieutenant 
in  the  nineteenth  regiment  Michigan  infan- 
try ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  colonel  and 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  was 
honorably    mustered    out    in    1866. 

Shaffer,  I.  Wilson,  governor.  In  1870  he 
was   territorial    governor   of   Utah. 

Shaffer,  John  Wilson,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1861-62  he  served  in 
the  civil  war ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
Oct.  31,  1870. 

Shaffer,  Newton  Melman,  physician,  sur- 
geon, founder,  author,  was  Iku-u  Feb.  14, 
1846.  in  Kinderhook.  N.Y.  Since  1900  he 
has  been  surgeon-in-chief  of  the  New  York 
state  hospital  for  crippled  and  deformed 
children,  of  which  institution  he  was  the 
founder.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Hyster- 
ical  Element   in  Orthopjedic  Surgery. 

Shaffner,  Taliaferro  Preston,  inventor,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1818  in  Sniithfield.  \a. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Telegraph  Com- 
panion :  The  Telegraph  Manual  ;  The  Se- 
cession War  in  America;  History  of  Amer- 
ica :  and  Odd  Fellowship.  He  died  Dec. 
11.   1881.   in   Troy.   N.Y. 

Shafroth,  John  P.,  lawyer,  senator,  con- 
gressman. gov(>rnor.  was  born  June  9.  1854. 
in  Fayette.  Mo.  Until  1879  he  practiced 
law  at  Fayette.  Mo.:  and  since  that  time 
has  practiced  law  in  Denver,  Colo.  In  1887- 
91  he  was  city '  attorney  of  Denver.  In 
189.")-1905  he  was  a  re|)resentalive  to  the 
fifty-fourth,  lifty-lifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth and  fifty-eighth  congresses  as  a  rei)ub- 
lican.  In  1909-11  he  was  governor  of  Colo- 
rado: and  since  1913  has  been  United 
States   sen.-ilor   from    Colorado. 

Shatter,  James  McMillan,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  was  born  May  27.  1816.  in  Athen.s, 
Vt.      He    jiracticed    law    in    Townsend    and 


166 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY"  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Burlington,  Vt. ;  served  in  the  legislature ; 
and  in  1842-49  was  secretary  of  state.  Re- 
moving to  Wisconsin  in  1849,  he  served  in 
the  state  legislature ;  and  was  its  speaker. 
In  1852  he  removed  to  California  ;  served  in 
the  California  state  senate  in  1861-62  and 
1863-64.  Pie  died  Aug.  30,  1892,  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

Shafter,  Oscar  Lovell,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  19,  1812,  in  Athens,  Vt.  In  1854 
he  removed  to  California,  and  practiced  his 
profession  there  until  1864 ;  and  in  1864-67 
he  was  associate  justice  of  the  state  su- 
preme court.  He  died  Jan.  2,  1873,  in 
Florence,   Italy. 

Shafter,  William  Rufus,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1835  in  Kalamazoo  county,  Mich.  lie 
served  in  the  civil  war  as  first  lieutenant  of 

the  seventh  Michi- 
gan infantry  ;  w  a  s 
major  and  lieutenant 
colonel  of  tlie  nine- 
teenth Michigan  in- 
fantry ;  and  was  colo- 
nel of  the  seventeenth 
United  States  colored 
regiment.  He  w  a  s 
engaged  in  a  dozen 
hotly  contested  bat- 
tles, the  principal 
ones  being  the  siege 
of  Yorktown ;  the 
battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  Va. ;  the  seven  days' 
battle  in  Virginia  ;  the  battle  of  Nashville 
and  the  battle  of  Thompson's  station,  Tenn. ; 
and  in  numerous  skirmishes.  He  was  brev- 
etted  colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks,  Va.  ; 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war ;  and  was  given  a  medal  of 
honor  for  most  distinguished  gallantry  at 
the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks  in  1862.  In  1866 
he  was  commissioned  lieutenant  colonel  of 
the  forty-first  infantry ;  became  colonel  in 
1879;  brigadier-general  United  States  army 
1897 ;  and  major-general  of  the  United 
States  volunteers  in  1898.  During  the 
Spanish  war  he  was  in  command  of  the 
United  States  forces  in  Cuba,  and  won  in- 
ternational fame  for  his  brilliant  capture  of 
Snntiiigo.  He  died  Nov.  12,  1907,  near 
P.akersfield,    Cal. 

Shahan,  Thomas  Joseph,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  11,  1857,  in  Manches- 
ter. N.H.  In  1891-1909  he  was  professor 
of  church  history  and  patrology  and  lecturer 
on  Roman  law  in  the  Catholic  university  of 
America  ;  and  in  1909  became  rector  of  tliat 
institution.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Blessed  Virgin  in  the  Catacombs ;  The 
House  of  God  and  Other  Addresses  and 
Studies. 

Shakespeare,  Edward  Oram,  physician,  in- 
ventor, was  born  May  19,  1846.  in  Dover, 
Del.  He  spent  si.x  months  in  studying 
cholcrii.  and  made  his  report  to  congress. 
He   was   a    memb(>r  of  several    medical    soci- 


eties of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  and  devised  for 
clinical  purposes  a 'new  ophthalmoscope  and 
ophthalmometer.  He  died  in  1900  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Shaler,    Alexander,    soldier,    engineer,   au- 
thor, was  born  JNIarch  19,  1827,  in  Iladdam, 
Conn.       He     was     commissioned     brigadier- 
general    of    volunteers 
in    1863 ;    and    brevet- 
ted    major-general     of 
volunteers      in      1865. 
he   was  consulting   en- 
gineer  to   the   Chicago 
board     of     police     and 
i>  ..  '^^HFT^Bi  f'l't'    i"    1874-75,    being 

charged  with  the  re- 
organization and  in 
struction  of  the  fire 
department  in  that 
city.  In  1867-86  he 
was  major-general  of 
the  first  division  of  the  national  guard  of 
New  York ;  and  was  an  organizer  and  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Rifle  association  of 
the  United  States,  In  1899-1900  he  was 
mayor  of  Ridgefield,  N.J.  He  is  the  author 
of  ^lanual  of  Arms  for  Light  Infantry  Us- 
ing  the  Rifle   Musket. 

Shaler,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  May 
23,  1843,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  In  1861  he  en- 
listed as  a  surgeon  in  the  twelfth  regiment 
Pennsylvania  volunteer  infantry ;  and  in 
1867  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  in 
the  fifth  United  States  infantry.  In  1905 
he  was  retired  at  his  own  request  with  the 
rank    of   brigadier-general. 

Shaler,  Nathaniel  Southgate,  geologist, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1841, 
in  Newport,  Ky.  He  was  professor  of  pale- 
ontology at  Harvard  university  in  1868-87  ; 
and  of  geology  in  1887-1905.  He  was  the 
author  of  Kentucky  Geological  Reports; 
Kentucky,  a  Pioneer  Commonwealth ;  The 
Nature  of  Intellectual  Property  and  Its  Im- 
portance to  the  State ;  The  Interpretation 
of  Nature  ;  The  Story  of  Our  Continent ;  Il- 
lustrations of  the  Earth's  Surface ;  The 
United  States  of  America  ;  a  Study  of  the 
American  Commonwealth ;  First  Book  in 
Geology  ;  Nature  and  Man  in  America  ;  Sea 
and  Land;  Features  of  Coasts  and  Oceans; 
Aspects  of  the  Earth  ;  Fossil  Branehioi)ods 
of  the  Ohio  Valley;  American  Highways; 
and  Domesticated  Animals ;  Their  Relation 
to  Man.  He  died  April  10.  1906.  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Shaler,  William,  diplomat,  author,  was 
born  in  1778.  He  was  United  States  con- 
sul-general at  Algiers,  and  negotiated  a 
treaty  with  that  power  in  1815.  In  1826  he 
l)ublished  Sket<hes  of  Algiers,  which  was 
very  serviceable  to  the  French  in  their  oper- 
ations against  that  country.  He  also  pub- 
lished a  paiier  on  the  language  of  the  Ber- 
bers in  AfricM.  Tie  died  Mnvch  29,  1833.  in 
Ilawaiia.    Cuba. 

Shallenberger,  Ashton  C,  stockman,  bank- 
er, congressman,  governor,  was  born  in  1862 


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167 


in  Toulon.  111.  He  moved  to  Nebraska  in 
1881 ;  and  in  1887  engajjed  in  bankinj;  and 
stock-growing  in  Alma,  Neb.  In  1901-03  he 
was  a  democratic  representative  from  Ne- 
braska to  the  fifty-seventh  congress.  In 
1909-11  he  was  governor  of  Nebraska. 

Shallenberger,  William  Shadrach,  soldier, 
niorcliant.  legislator,  was  born  Nov.  24.  1839, 
in  Mt.  Pleasant,  Pa.  He  received  his  edu- 
cation in  the  Mt. 
Pleasant  academy 
and  the  Bucknoll  uni- 
versity. During  the 
war  he  served  with 
#Htefc  IH^I  distinction  as  adju- 
y  ^P*  ^3^1  tant  in  the  one  hun- 
dred and  fortieth  reg- 
iment Pennsylvania 
volunteer  infantry, 
and  subsequently  un- 
til 1876  was  a  suc- 
cessful merchant.  In 
1877-83  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty- 
fifth,  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh  con- 
gresses as  a  republican.  Since  1883  he  has 
been  in  the  banking  business  ;  and  has  been 
treasurer  of  various  corporations :  was  ap- 
pointed by  Governor  Beaver  of  Pennsylva- 
nia as  a  member  of  the  Lake  Erie  and  Ohio 
river  ship  canal  :  and  in  1897  was  appoint- 
ed .second  assistant  postmaster-general.  He 
was  a  director  of  the  chamber  of  commerce 
of  Pittsburgh;  vice-president  of  the  National 
association  of  manufacturers  for  Pennsyl- 
vania for  the  first  year  and  president  of 
the  Pennsylvania  baptist  mission  society  for 
several  years.  In  1897-1907  he  was  second 
assistant  postmaster-general  of  the  United 
States.  In  1904-07  he  was  president  of  the 
.Kmcrican  baptist  home  mission  society. 

Shambaugh,  Benjamin  Franklin,  educator, 
iiistnrian.  author,  was  born.  Jan.  29,  1871, 
in  Elvira,  Iowa.  In  1897  he  was  professor 
of  political  science  at  the  university  of 
Iowa;  and  editor  of  the  Iowa  Journal  of 
history  and  politics.  He  is  the  author  of 
History  of  the  Constitutions  of  Iowa. 

Shamleffer,  William  F.,  business  man, 
raiiroarl  proin'dcr.  public  official,  was  born 
.Ian.  23.  1843.  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  was 
educated  in  the  i)ui)lic  and  private  schools 
of  Uniontown  and  lieisterstown,  Md.  For 
many  years  he  has  been  interested  in  the 
loan  and  insurance  business;  and  is  a  s\ic- 
cessfnl  real  estate  dealer  and  railroad  pro- 
moter of  Kan.sas.  He  has  been  alderman  of 
Council  drove.  Kan. ;  was  mayor  of  that 
city  in  1905-07  ;  and  has  filled  the  office  of 
county  treasurer.  He  has  been  treasurer 
and  director  in  several  railroad  companies; 
is  now  secretary  of  the  commercial  club; 
and  vice-president  of  a  railroad  company. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  democratic  state 
central  committee;  a  member  of  the  fourth 
district  congressional  committee;  and  a 
prominent  factor  in  the  public  and  political 
affairs  of  the  state  of  Kansas. 


Shanafelt,  Thomas  M.,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, author,  was  born  April  30,  1840,  in 
Brinkerton.  Pa.  Since  1888  he  has  been 
state  superintendent  of  missions  for  South 
Dakota  ;  and  in  1893  was  chaplain-in-chief 
of  the  Grand  army  of  the  republic.  Since 
1901  he  has  been  president  of  the  board  of 
commissioners  of  the  South  Dakota  soldiers' 
home.  He  is  the  author  of  Baptist  His- 
tory of  Michigan  ;  Baptist  History  of  South 
Dakota  ;  and  Baptist  History  of  North  Da- 
kota. 

Shanahan,  Jeremiah  Francis,  bishop,  was 
born  July  17.  1834.  in  Silver  Eake,  Pa.  He 
was  consecrated  Roman  catholic  bishop  of 
Harrisburg.  Pa.  He  died  Sept.  24,  1886,  in 
Ilarrisburg,   Pa. 

Shanahan,  John  W.,  clergyman,  bishop. 
Sliue  1899  he  has  been  Roman  catholic 
bishop  of  Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Shanklin,  Arnold,  lawyer,  diplomat,  was 
born  Jan.  29,  1869,  in  Carrollton,  Mo.  He 
graduated  from  the  public  schools  of  his  na- 
tive »city ;  and  has  received  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  from  Washington  university  and 
LL.D.  from  the  upper  Iowa  university  at 
Fayette,  Iowa.  In  1889  he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law;  in  1904  was  a  com- 
missioner of  the  St.  Louis  exposition  to  Mex- 
ico. Since  1905  he  has  been  American  con- 
sul-general to  Panama.  On  July  4,  1909, 
he  delivered  the  oration  of  the  day  and  it 
was  the  first  time  in  history  that  an  orator 
on  such  an  occasion  had  delivered  any  part 
of  his  address  in  Spanish.  He  is  a  thirty- 
second  degree  mason ;  and  a  member  of  sev- 
eral clubs. 

Shanklin,  Charles  S.,  journalist,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  2,  1857,  in  Linn 
county.  Towa.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Iowa 
bar.  being  admitted  at  the  age  of  twenty 
years.  For  four  years  he  was  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  "Springville  New  Era;  for 
two  years  of  the  Cedar  Rapids  Standard; 
is  now  the  editor  and  owner  of  The  Satur- 
day Argtis  of  Marion.  Iowa;  also  editor  of 
the  political  pages  of  the  Marion  Sentinel; 
and  is  a  contributor  to  various  periodicals. 

Shanklin,  George  S.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  lie  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1864 ;  and  in  1865-67  he  was  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty- 
ninth  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in 
Kentucky. 

Shanklin,  John  Gilbert,  journalist,  pub- 
lic olhcial.  was  iiorn  in  Evansville.  Ind.  In 
1871-81  he  was  secretary  of  state  of  In- 
diana ;  and  was  a  candidate  for  governor. 
In  1871-97  he  edited  the  Evansville  Daily 
Courier.  He  died  in  1903  in  Evansville, 
Ind. 

Shanklin,  William  Arnold,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  was  born  April  18, 
1864.  in  Carrollton.  Mo.  In  1889  he  was 
onlained  to  the  methodist  ejiiscopal  minis- 
try: and  has  filled  pastorates  in  Kansas, 
Washington,  Iowa  and  Pennsylvania.     Since 


168 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1905    lie    has    been    president    of    the    upper 
Iowa  university  at  Fayette. 

Shanklin,  John  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  born  Nov.  2,  1824,  in  Monroe 
county,  W.  Va.  For  many  years  he  was 
■  engaged  in  education- 
al work ;  judge  of 
'^,  Grundy  county ;  and 
■*  in  1851  began  the  prac- 
j^  ^^  ^  1  i  tice  of  law  in  Tren- 
|l  ton.  Mo. ;  and  is  now 
^  retired.  He  served  in 
the  Mexican  war ; 
and  in  1861  was  com- 
missioned division  in- 
s  p  e  c  t  o  r,  with  the 
rank  of  colonel.  He 
served  in  the  twenty- 
third  regiment  Mis- 
souri volniiteor  infantry;  subsequently  mus- 
tered in  two  battalions  of  Missouri  militia, 
and  in  1862  began  to  organize  the  third  reg- 
iment Missouri  .state  militia.  He  was  com- 
missioned lieutenant-colonel ;  and  sub.se- 
quently  organized  the  thirtieth  regiment  en- 
rolled militia  of  Missouri ;  and  was  com- 
missioned as  colonel  of  the  same.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
which  framed  Iht-  existing  constitution  of 
iMissouri.  In  1869-71  he  was  jircsident  of 
the  Chillicothe  and  Des  Moines  City  railroad 
company.  He  is  president  of  the  Grundy 
county  coal  company;  president  of  the  Tren- 
ton handle  manufacturing  company  ;  and  for 
many  years  was  president  of  the  Trenton 
gas  and  electric  light  company. 

Shanks,  William  Franklin  Gore,  journal- 
ist, was  born  April  20,  1837,  in  Shelliyville, 
Ky.  In  1861-65  he  was  war  corresjiondent 
of  the  New  York  Herald ;  and  in  1867-69 
was  managing  editor  of  Harper's  Weekly. 
He  was  city  editor  of  the  New  York  Times 
in  1869  ;  and  foreign  editor  in  1871-80.  In 
1891  he  established  the  Daily  and  Weekly 
Bond  Buyer,  which  he  edited  and  owned. 
He  was  the  author  of  Recollections  of  Dis- 
tinguished Generals:  A  Noble  Treason,  a 
tragedy;  and  Tlio  King  ]Mast(>r.  He  died 
in  1905   in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 

Shanks,  John  P.  C,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  June  17.  1826, 
in   Marlinslnirg,   "\'a.     He  was  a   meml)er  of 

the  Indiana  legisla- 
ture in  1853-54;  and 
in  1861-63  and  1867- 
75  was  repi'esentative 
from  Indiana  to  the 
thirty-seventh,  f  o  r  - 
tielli.  forty-first,  for- 
ty second  and  forty- 
third  congresses  as  a 
republican.  He  vis- 
ile.] [\u'  field  of  Bull 
Kun  in  July,  1861,  as 
a  spectator,  but  be- 
came a  participant. 
He  was  a  delegate  lo  the  I'iflsbnrgh  sol- 
diers' convention   of   1866.      In   1875  lie   was 


appointed  an  Indian  agent.  He  died  June 
22,  1901,  in  Indiana. 

Shanley,  John,  clergyman,  bishop,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  4,  1852,  in  Albion,  N.Y. 
Since  1889  he  has  been  Roman  catholic 
l)isliop  of  Fargo,  N.D. 

Shanly,  Charles  Dawson,  journalist,  au- 
thor, iioet,  was  born  in  1811  in  Ireland.  He 
was  a  journalist  and  poet  of  New  York  City. 
The  Walker  in  the  Snow  is  his  best-known 
])oeui.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Jolly  Bear 
and  His  Friends;  The  Monkey  of  Porto 
P>ello:  and  The  Truant  Chicken.  He  died 
in  1875  in  New  York  City. 

Shannon,  Peter  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  I'ennsylvania.  He  was  appointed 
from  that  state  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  for  the  territory  of  Dakota. 

Shannon,  Richard  Cutts,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1839, 
in  New  London,  Conn.  He  was  educated 
_  at    the    public   schools 

and  at  Colby  univer-, 
sity,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  as  a 
member  of  the  class 
of  1862.  In  1885  he 
graduated  from  the 
law  school  of  Colum- 
bia university ;  and  in 
1886  was  admitted  to 
the  New  York  bar. 
He  enlisted  as  a  pri- 
vate in  company  H, 
fifth  Maine  volun- 
teers in  1861,  and  was  promoted  to  second 
sergeant,  and  in  1861  commissioned  first 
lieutenant  of  the  same  company.  In  1862 
he  was  commissioned  cftptain  and  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  volunteers,  serving  con- 
tinuously until  the  end  of  the  war,  receiv- 
ing the  brevets  of  major  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  volunteers.  In  1871  he  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  Grant  secretary  of  the 
United  States  legation  at  Rio  de  Janeiro, 
Brazil,  and  served  until  1875.  when  he  re- 
signed. In  1876  he  took  charge  of  the  Bot- 
anical garden  railroad  company,  an  Ameri- 
can enterprise  in  Brazil,  of  which  he  sub- 
sequently became  the  vice-president  and  gen- 
eral manager,  and  finally  the  president.  In 
1891  he  was  appointed  envoy  extraordinary 
and  minister  plenipotentiary  of  the  United 
States  to  the  republics  of  Nicaragua.  Costa 
Ricii,  and  Salva(h)r  and  served  until  1893. 
In  1895-99  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  fifty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth 
congresses  as  a   republican. 

Shannon,  Robert  Thomas,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  l)orn  M.xy  5.  1860,  in  Perry  coun- 
ty. Tenn.  He  received  his  education  at  the 
Cloverdale  seminary.  Vandcrbilt  university, 
and  the  Cunilierland  university.  He  is  a 
iiromiuent  lawyer  of  Nashville,  Tenn..  and 
the  author  of  The  Code  of  Tennessee.  An- 
notated ;  A  Code  Supplement;  is  the  editor 
of   the    fifth   edition   of  the   Tennessee   Form 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1C9 


Book  ;  A  Digest  of  Tennessee  Decisions ;  and 
threo   volumes  of  Tennessee  Cases. 

Shannon,  Thomas,  congressman.  In  1826- 
27  he  was  a  rein-esentative  from  Ohio  to  the 
nineteenth  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He 
(liefl   in   P.nrii<'svillo.   Ohio. 

Shannon,  Thomas  B.,  merchant,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  in  1827  in 
Westmoreland  county.  Pa.  In  1854-61  he 
was  engaged  in  merchandising  in  Califor- 
nia, lie  served  four  sessions  in  the  Cali- 
fornia state  legislature;  and  in  1863-65  he 
was  a  representative  from  California  to  the 
thirty-eighth  congress.  He  was  collector  of 
customs  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  died  in 
S:in   Frani'isco,  Cal. 

Shannon,  Wilson,  lawyer,  diplomat,  con- 
gressman, governor,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1802. 
in  Kelmont  county,  Ohio.  In  1835  he  was 
prosecuting  attorney  for  the  state  of  Ohio; 
was  the  thirteenth  governor  of  Ohio  in  1838- 
40  and  1842-44  ;  and  in  1844  was  appointed 
T'nited  States  minister  to  Mexico.  In  1853- 
55  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  thirty-third  congress;  and  in  1855-56 
was  governor  of  the  territory  of  Kansas.  He 
died  .Vug.  31.  1877.  in  Lawrence,  Kan. 

Shantz,  Homer  Le  Roy,  educator,  botanist, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1876,  in  Kent 
county,  Mich.  He  is  the  author  of\A  Study 
of  the  Vegetation  of  the  Mesa  Region  East 
of  Pike's  Peak :  and  various  other  scienti- 
fic  nioiK)irra|)hs. 

Shapleigh,  Alfred  Lee,  soldier,  merchant, 
was  horn  F<-l..  16.  1862,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  enrolled  in  the  Missouri  militia;  served 
as  captain  and  adjutant  of  the  first  regi- 
ment ;  and  aided  in  quelling  strike  riots.  In 
1885  ho  became  secretary  of  a  hardware 
company;  and  in  1901  was  elected  treasurer 
of  a  hardware  company. 

Shapleigh,  Frank  Henry,  painter,  artist, 
was  lioiii  March  7,  1842,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  spent  his  professional  life  in  his  native 
city.  His  paintings  include  Venice;  Yose- 
n>ite  Valley;  .Mirror  Lake;  Cathedral 
Uoiks ;  Mount  Washington;  Cohasset  Har- 
bor; Northern  Peaks;  and  The  White 
Mountains.  He  died  in  1906  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Shapley,  Rufus  Edmonds,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  4.  1840.  in  Carlisle,  I'a.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Library  of  Wit  and 
irumnr;  Thr'  Overcrowding  of  the  Learned 
Professions;  and   Solid   for  Mulhooly. 

Sharkey,  Mrs.  Emma  Augusta,  jftunuilist. 
aullior.  was  born  S<'pl.  15.  1S58,  in  Uoi-iies- 
tor,  N.V.  She  is  a  successful  journalist  an<l 
story  writer:  and  is  tlie  author  of  nearly  a 
hundred  serial  stones  and  novels,  and  over 
f)ne  tliousanrl  sketdies ;  besides  luimerous 
poems.  Her  writings  generally  appear  un- 
der the  nom  de  |)lume  of  E.  Burke  Collins. 
Her  novels  chiefly  represent  life  in  the 
south,  more  especially  the  pine  woods  of 
Louisiana,  her  hitherto  and  also  untrodden 
field  (tf  literature.  In  1884  she  married  Uob- 
ert  K.  Sharkey,  a  Mississippi  cotton  planter. 


Sharkey,  William  Lewis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
goxcrnor.  uas  born  in  1797  in  Mu.ssel 
Shoals.  Tenn.  For  many  years  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  practice 
of  law.  He  was  pre- 
siding judge  of  th.e 
high  court  of  errors 
in  Mississippi,  and 
was  provisional  gov- 
ernor of  ^lississippi 
in  1865-66.  He  was 
one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  and  jurists  of 
his  time ;  was  a  dele- 
gate to  all  the  leading 
political  conventions ; 
and  active  in  all  pub- 
lic affairs  wliich  tended  to  the  benefit  of  the 
state  of  Mississippi.  He  died  April  29, 
1873,  in  Washiugton.  D.C. 

Sharon,  William,  United  States  senator, 
was  born  .Tan.  9.  1821,  in  Smithfield,  Ohio. 
On  removing  to  Nevada  he  became  largely 
interested  in  raining  operations.  In  1875-81 
he  was  United  States  senator.  He  was 
largely  interested  in  the  financial  affairs  of 
the  Pacific  slope;  and  was  trustee  of  the 
bank  of  California.  He  died  Nov.  13,  1885, 
in   San  I^rancisco.  Cal. 

Sharp,  Dallas  Lore,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  ixnii  Dec.  13,  1870,  in  Ilaley- 
ville.  }\..J.  Since  1902  he  has  been  assist- 
ant professor  of  English  at  the  Boston  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  Wild  Life 
Near  Home;  Koof  and  Meadow;  and  other 
works. 

Sharp,  Daniel,  clergyman,  journalist,  was 
born  Dec.  25.  1783.  in^England.  In  1809  he 
was  pastor  of  the  Baptist  church  of  Newark, 
N..T. ;  and  in  1812-53  was  pastor  of  the 
Charles  street  church  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  the  editor  of  the  American  Baptist, 
Magazine ;  and  was  the  author  of  Recogni- 
tion of  Friends  in  Heaven.  He  died  April 
29.  1853.  in  Baltimore.  Md. 

Sharp,  H.  A.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  18!l!) 
he  became  a.s.sociate  justice  of  the  state  su- 
prenii'  court  of   .Mabama. 

Sharp,  Jacob,  <  ajiitalist.  founder,  was  born 
in  1817,  in  Montgomery  county,  N.Y.  In 
1850  he  conceived  the  scheme  of  a  street 
railroad  to  bo  constructed  on  Broadway  and 
in  1884  he  succeeded  in  his  object.  He  dieil 
April   5.   1S8S.   in    New   York   Cit.v. 

Sharp,  Joseph  Henry,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Sepi.  27.  1S59,  in  Bridgeport,  Ohio, 
lie  is  an  Indian  iiainler  and  painted  eleven 
portraits  of  famous  Iiulians  wliieh  now  be- 
loim   to   the   Smithsonian   institution. 

Sharp,  Kate  D.,  Iittorat«'ur.  poet.  Siie  is 
the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems  eulilh-d 
Ele.-uior's  Courtship. 

Sharp,  Katharine  Lucinda,  lecturer,  li- 
biariau,  was  born  in  1865  in  Elgin.  III.  In 
1891  she  w;is  a  library  organizer  in  Wlieat- 
on.  III.  In  1896  she  was  a  lecturer  on  li- 
brary economy  at  the  iniivorsity  of  Chicago. 
In   1898-1907   she   was   vice-president   of   the 


170 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Illinois  state  library  association;  and  m 
1903-04  she  was  president  of  the  Illinois  li- 
brary association.  Since  1897  she  has  been 
head  librarian  and  director  of  the  state  li- 
brary school  of  the  university  of  Illinois. 

Sharp,  Robert,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Oct.   24,'  1851.   ill  Lawrenceville,   Va.     Since 

1884  he  has  been  professor  of  Greek  and 
En-lish  in  the  Tulane  university  of  New 
Orleans,  La.  He  is  the  author  of  Anglo- 
Saxon   literature.  ,    ,      i     • 

Sharp,  Solomon  P.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  1780  in  ^  ir- 
oinia.  He  served  a  number  of  years  in  the 
Kentucky  state  legislature;  and  was  attor- 
ney-general of  the  state.  In  1813-17  he  was 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  thir- 
teenth and  fourteenth  congresses.  He  died 
by  the  hand  of  an  assassin,  while  a  member 
of  the  legislature,  Nov.  13,  1835,  in  Ken- 
tucky. 

Sharp,  Solomon  Z.,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, author,  was  born  Dec.  21,  1835,  m 
Allensville,  Pa.  He  has  been  state  geol- 
ogist of  Kansas;  was  president  of  McPher- 
son  college  of  that  state  for  nine  years ;  and 
since  1896  has  been  president  of  Plattsburg 
college.  Mo.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
the  Brethren, 

Sharp,  William  Graves,  manufacturer, 
•congressman,  was  born  March  17,  1859,  in 
:\Iount  Gilead,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  Elyria,  Ohio;  and  at 
the  university  of  Michigan.  In  1881  he  was 
admitted    to    the    practice    of    law;    and    m 

1885  became  prosecuting  attorney  of  Lorain 
county.  He  is  extensively  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  charcoal  pig  iron.  In  1909- 
15  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  sixty-first,  sixty-second  and  sixty-third 
consresses   as  a   democrat. 

Sharpe,  Alfred  Clarence,  soldier,  was  born 
-Sept.  12,  1850.  in  Delaware,  Ohio.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  public  schools; 
attended  Ohio  Wesleyan  university;  and 
graduated  from  the  United  States  military 
academy  of  West  Point,  N.Y.  In  1876  he 
served  in  the  campaign  against  the  Sioux 
Indians  in  Montana;  and  was  brevetted 
first-lieutenant  for  gallantry  in  that  state 
against  Indians  under  Sitting  Bull.  In  1877 
he  was  acting-adjutant  of  command  during 
the  railway  riots  at  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.  In 
1879  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  in  1879-82 
served  in  Texas;  and  in  1882-84  served  in 
Colorado.  In  1884-88  he  was  professor  of 
military  science  and  tactics  at  the  university 
of  Worcester.  Ohio.  In  1890-91  he  served  in 
the  campaign  during  which  Sitting  Bull 
was  killed;  and  in  1893-97  was  judge-advo- 
cate for  the  departments  of  Arizona  and 
Colorado.  During  the  Spanish-American 
war  he  became  a  lieutenant-colonel ;  and 
was  in  the  battle  at  San  Juan  hill  and  in 
front  of  Santiago  De  Cuba.  He  was  later 
judge-advocate  and  secretary  of  justice  of 
Porto  Rico;  and  since  1901  has  been  major 
and  adjutant-general  in  the  department  of 
the  Colorad'". 


Sharpe,  George  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  was  born  Feb.  26,  1828,  in 
Kingston,  N.Y.  He  served  upon  the  staffs 
of  Generals  Hooker,  Meade  and  Grant ;  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  in  1864 ;  and 
major-general  in  1865.  In  1870-73  he  was 
United  States  marshal  for  the  southern  dis- 
trict of  New  York ;  and  took  the  census 
that  demonstrated  the  great  election  frauds 
of  1868  in  New  York  City,  which  led  to  the 
enforcement  of  the  federal  election  law  for 
the  first  time  in  1871.  He  was  surveyor 
of  customs  for  New  York  in  1873-78.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  1879-83, 
and  in  1880-81  was  the  speaker.  He  died 
in  1900  in  New  York  City. 

Sharpe,  Henry  Augustus,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, jurist,  was  born  June  10,  1848,  near 
Decatur,  Ala.  He  graduated  from  tlie  law 
department  of  the  Oumlierland  university  of 
Lebanon,  Tenn.  In  1878-79  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Alabama  general  assembly  from 
Morgan  county.  In  1884-98  and  since  1907 
he  was  judge  of  the  city  court  of  Birming- 
ham, Ala.  In  1898-1904  he  was  an  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Alabama. 

Sharpe,  Henry  Granville,  soldier,  was  born 
in  April,  1858,  in  Kingston,  N.Y.  In  1880 
he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
fourth  infantry;  in  1895  he  was  promoted 
major ;  and  in  1905  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  and  commissionary-general 
in  the  United   States  army. 

Sharpe,  Horatio,  colonial  governor.  In 
1753-69  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Mary- 
land.    He  died   in   Maryland. 

Sharpe,  Jacob,  soldier,  was  born  July  31, 
1835,  in  Kingston,  N.Y.  In  1865  he  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  at  the  battle 
of  Winchester,  Va.  He  died  April  27,  1892, 
in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Sharpe,  Peter,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  New  York.  He  was  a 
representative  in  the  New  York  legislature 
in  1814-20.  In  1823-25  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  eighteenth  con- 
gress ;  and  in  1827  was  a  member  of  the 
tariff  convention.     He  died  in  New  York. 

Sharpe,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  13,  1742,  in  Cecil 
county,  ]Md.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  pro- 
vincial congress  in  1775-76 ;  was  aide  to 
General  Rutherford  in  the  Indian  campaign 
of  1776  ;  and  was  one  of  the  commissioners 
who  made  a  treaty  wuth  them  in  1777.  In 
1779-82  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  continental  congress.  He 
(lied  July  1.  1818.  in   Iredell  county,  N.C. 

Sharpe,  William  C,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  about  Oct.  3,  1839,.  in  South- 
))ury.  Conn.  For  ten  years  he  was  engaged 
in  educational  work ;  and  since  1871  has 
been  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Seymour 
Record.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
Seymour ;  Histories  of  Oxford  and  South 
Britain  ;  and  the  Chatfield,  Washburn,  Dart, 
and  Sharpe  Genealogies. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


171 


Sharpe,  William  Hamilton,  orange  grower, 
legislator,  was  born  Maj-  5,  1833,  in 
Lowndes,  county,  Ga.  In  1866  be  was  a 
(lelefrate  to  the  reconstruction  convention ; 
in  1878-86  he  was  a  member  of  the  Florida 
state  senate  ami  was  a  delegate  to  the  in- 
terstate agricultural  convention  at  Atlanta. 
Ga.  For  manj-  years  he  has  been  chairman 
of  the  board  of  county  commissioners  of 
Brevard  county,  Fla. ;  is  a  successful  orange 
grower  of  Sharpe's  Indian  Kiver,  Fla. ;  and 
the  president  of  the  orange  growers'  asso- 
ciiifion   (if   Indian  River  at  City  Foint,  Fla. 

Sharpies,  Stephen  Paschall,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  21,  1842,  in  West 
Chester,  Pa.  In  1880  he  was  expert  on 
census;  and  a  judge  of  awards  at  the 
World's  Columbian  exposition  in  1893.  In 
1875-93  he  was  professor  of  chemistry  at  the 
Koston  dental  college;  and  in  1885-1902  was 
inspector  and  assayer  of  liquors  for  Massa- 
chusetts. He  is  the  author  of  Chemical 
Tables. 

Sharpless,  Isaac,  educator,  college  presi- 
(lonl.  autliur,  was  born  Dec.  16,  1848.  in 
Chester  county.  Fa.  Since  1887  he  has  been 
presirlfMit  of  Haverford  college  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  is  the  author  of  Astronomy; 
Geonu'try  ;  English  Education  ;  and  Quaker- 
ism and  Politics. 

Sharpless,  James,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
ibout  1751.  in  England.  He  attained  high 
rnnk  as  an  artist  of  New  York.  He  died 
I'cb.  26.  1811.  in   New  York  City. 

Sharpless,  Joseph,  philanthropist,  author, 
was  liorn  in  1772  in  New  Jersey.  He  was 
a  Qnaki'r  pliilanlbropist  of  Kurlington,  N. 
.1.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Story  of 
.Toseph  and  His  Brethren ;  A  Family  Rec- 
ord :  and  A  Sharpless  Genealogy.  He  died 
in   1861    in   BiulinL-ton,  N.J. 

Sharps,  Christian,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  in  1811  in  New  .Jersey.  His  prin- 
fipal  invention  was  the  Sharps  breech-load- 
ing rifle.  In  1854  he  removed  to  Hartford. 
<'onn..  to  superintend  the  manufacture  of 
this  rifle.  He  died  March  13.  1874,  in  Ver- 
min.   Conn. 

Sharpstein,  John  R.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1880-92  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
sujirrMuc  court  of  California.  He  died  Dec. 
28.   1892.    in    San    Francisco,   Cal. 

Sbarswood,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
\\:is  liorn  July  7.  1810.  in  Philadeliihia,  Pa. 
In  1837-38  aiid  1842-43  ho  .served  in  the 
slate  le;.'islii(ure ;  and  in  1845  the  governor 
coMimissioned  him  as  judge  of  the  district 
court  of  Philadelphia.  In  1807-78  he  was 
Ms.sociate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Pi'ni'sylvania ;  and  in  1878-82  was  chief 
justice.  He  was  author  of  Professional 
Ethics;  Popular  Lectures  on  Common  Law; 
Lectures  on  Commercial  Law;  and  Shars- 
uood's  P.ln.kslone.  He  die.l  Mny  28,  1883. 
in    Pliiladelphiii.    Pa. 

Sbarswood,  William,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in   1836  in  Philadelphia.   Pa.     He 


is  the  author  of  Studia  Physica.  a  series  of 
monographs ;  Elenore,  a  drama ;  and  The 
ili.scellaneous  Writings  of  William  Sbars- 
wood. 

Shartel,  Cassius  M.,  lawj'er,  congress- 
man, was  born  April  27,  1860,  in  Crawford 
county.  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  and  spent  one  year  in  college. 
In  1887  he  moved  to  Nevada,  Mo.,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  farm  loan  business ;  continu- 
ing that  business  when  he  moved  to  Neosho. 
Mo.  In  1905-07  he  was  a  representative 
from  Missouri  to  the  fifty-ninth  congress  as 
a  republican. 

Sharts,  Joseph  William,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  14,  1875,  in  Hamil- 
ton, Ohio.  In  1899-1905  he  practiced  law 
in  Cincinnati  and  Dayton.  Ohio.  He  re- 
moved to  Chicago  in  1906.  During  the 
Spanish-American  war  he  served  as  corporal 
of  company  C,  first  regiment  Ohio  volunteer 
infantry.  He  is  the  author  of  Ezra  Caine; 
The  Romance  of  A  Rogue  ;  and  The  Hills  of 
Freedom. 

Shattuc,  William  B.,  soldier,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  June  11,  1841, 
in  North  Hector,  N.Y.  He  was  a  commis- 
sioned officer  in  the  union  army  during  the 
civil  war,  in  the  army  of  the  frontier.  For 
thirty  years  previous  to  1895  he  was  an  of- 
ficer in  the  railway  traffic  service;  and  is 
now  retired  from  business,  residing  near 
Cincinnati.  Ohio.  In  1895  he  was  Ohio 
state  .senator ;  and  in  1897-1903  he  was  a 
representative  from  Ohio  to  the  fifty-fifth, 
fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh  congresses  as  a 
iei)uhlican. 

Shattuck,  Aaron  Draper,  artist,  inventor, 
was  born  March  9.  1832.  in  Francetown. 
N.H.  The  first  picture  that  he  exhibited  at 
the  academy  was  a  Study  of  Grasses  and 
Flowers.  The  following  year  he  was  elected 
an  associate  in  the  National  academy  of  de- 
sign ;  and  in  1861  became  a  member.  In  1867 
he  held  the  post  of  recording  secretary.  He 
invented  in  1883-85  a  stretcher-frame  with 
keys,  a  great  improvement  on  the  old  meth- 
ods of  tightening  canvases. 

Shattuck,  Erasmus  D.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1862-66  and  1874-78  he  was  an  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Oregon  ;  and 
in    ISOr.-fiS   111-   w;is   chief  justice. 

Shattuck,  Frederick  Cheever,  educator, 
|ihysi(ian.  was  born  about  1842.  He  was 
professor  of  clinical  mediiine  at  Harvard 
university  and  visiting  physician  to  the 
Mass.-icliusells   general    hospital. 

Shattuck,  George  Cheyne,  physician,  au- 
Ihor.  was  born  July  17.  1783.  in  Temple- 
Ion.  Mass.  He  contributed  largely  to  Dart- 
month  college;  and  built  its  observatory, 
which  he  furnished  with  valuable  instru- 
ments. Shattuck  school,  at  Faribault, 
.Minn.,  a  collegiate  boarding-school  under 
I  he  auspices  of  the  i)rotestant  episcopal 
church,  of  which  Dr.  Shattuck  was  a  lib- 
eral patron,  was  named  for  him.  He  was 
the    author   of   two   Boylstou    prize   disserta- 


172 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


tionp,  eiititled  Structure  and  Physiology  of 
the  Skin  ;  and  Causes  of  Biliary  Secretions ; 
and  Yellow  Fever  of  Gibraltar  in  1828.  He 
died    March   18,   1854,   in  Boston,   Mass. 

Shattuck,  Mrs.  Harriette  Robinson,  edu- 
cator, lawyer,  author,  was  born  Dec.  4,  1850, 
in  Lowell,  Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Story  of  Dante's  Divine  Comedy ;  Little 
Folks  East  and  West;  Woman's  Manual 
of  I'arliamentary  Law  ;  and  Shattuck's  Ad- 
vanced Rules  of  Parliamentary  Law. 

Shattuck,  Joseph  Cummings,  educator, 
Ip.^islator,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1835,  in  Mail- 
borough,  N.H.  He  was  the  first  superin- 
tendent of  imblic  instruction  of  Colorado 
and  held  the  office  three  terms ;  he  wrote 
and  secured  the  passage  of  the  first  school 
law  enacted  by  the  state,  and  all  amend- 
ments thereto  up  to  the  end  of  his  term  of 
service ;  at  his  suggestion  and  by  his  efforts 
Colorado  was  the  first  state  to  adopt  uni- 
form questions  for  examination  of  teachers, 
the  questions  being  furnished  by  the  state 
superintendent  to  all  county  superintend- 
ents ;  was  professor  of  pedagogics  and  dean 
of  the  faculty  of  the  college  of  liberal  arts 
of  the  university  of  Denver  for  three  years, 
of  which  institution  he  is  now  secretary  of 
board  of  trustees  and  business  manager.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Greeley,  Col., 
an  officer  of  the  corporation  and  a  member 
of  the  Colorado  territorial   legislature. 

Shattuck,  Lemuel,  state  legislator,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  15,  1793,  in  Ashby,  Mass. 
He  was  for  several  years  a  representative 
in  the  legislature.  In  1844  he  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  New  England  Historic- 
Genealogical  society  ;  and  was  its  vice-presi- 
dent for  five  years.  He  was  the  author  of 
History  of  Concord,  Mass. ;  Vital  Statistics 
of  Boston ;  The  Census  of  Boston ;  Report 
on  the  Sanitary  Condition  of  Massachu- 
setts; and  Memorials  of  the  Descendants  of 
William  Shattuck.  He  died  Jan.  17,  1859, 
in  Boston,  Mass. 

Shauck,  John  Allen,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  :\rarch  2G,  1841,  in  Ohio.  In  1866  he 
graduated  from  Otterbein  university,  receiv- 
ing from  that  institution  the  degrees  of  A.M. 
and  LL.D. ;  and  graduated  in  law  from  the 
university  of  Michigan.  For  ten  years  he 
was  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Ohio.  Since 
1895  he  has  been  associate-justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  of  Ohio;  and  in  1906-07 
was  chief  justice. 

Shaughnessy,  Sir  Thomas  George,  railroad 
president,  linancier,  was  liorn  (!)ct.  6,  1853. 
in  Milwaukee,  Wis.  In  1869  he  entered 
rnihvay  service;  and  is  now  president  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  railway  ;  president  of 
the  Montreal  and  western  railway  ;  and  has 
other    large    business    interests. 

Shaver,  George  Frederick,  business  presi- 
dent, engineer,  inventor,  was  borji  Nov.  4, 
1855,  in  Ripley,  N.Y.  He  has  invented  an 
improved  mechnnicnl  telei)hone ;  a  S(df- 
rigliting  and  self-bailing  lil'e-l)oat:  an  auto- 
matic  mail    catcher;    and    invented    an   auto- 


matic screw-driver.     He  is  president  of  the 
Pocahontas   coal   and   timber  company ;    and 
is   president  of   a   firm   of  builders  of  steam 
and  sailing  yachts. 

Shaver,  Edwin,  soldier,  business  man,  was 
born   Sept.  3,  1841,  in   Salisbury,  N.C.     He 
was    educated    at    the   free   school    of   SaJis- 
l  _______     bury,    N.C. ;    attended 

the    Allison    school    of 
S  a  1  i  s  b  u  r  y,     N.C. ; 
studied     at     the    Hal- 
lowell    high    school    of 
Alexandria,     Va. ;     at- 
tended   Princeton    col- 
lege  of    New    Jersey ; 
W^*-       JBH     and     graduated     from 
mttftt^^    ^^^^^M     Harvard         university 
|^^Mk^M|^^H  Cambridge     Mass. 

^^P^^^^^^^^H     During    the 
^^^    ^^^^^^^^B     ]jg  served  as  a  private 
,  in      the      first      North 

Carolina  cavalry;  and  participated  in  nu- 
merous battles  and  skirmishes.  He  served 
in  (general  Robert  E.  Lee's  army  of  North 
Virginia  and  in  General  Fitzhugh  Lee's  di- 
vision. He  was  chairman  of  the  North 
Carolina  prohibition  state  executive  com- 
mittee; and  a  member  of  the  national  pro- 
hibition committee.  He  was  a  ruling  elder 
in  the  first  presbyterian  church  of  Salis- 
bury, N.C.  For  many  years  he  was  iden- 
tified with  the  real  estate  business  of  Salis- 
burv,    N.C.      He  died   in   1909,   in   Salisbury. 

N.ci. 

Shaver,  Leonidas,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
an  early  emigrant  to  Utah;  and  in  1853 
was  appointed  an  associate  justice  of  the 
United  States  court  for  the  territory  of 
Utah.     He  died  in  Utah. 

Shaw,  Aaron,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  1811  in 
Orange  county,  N.Y.  He  served  several 
terms  in  the  state  legislature.  He  was  then 
elected  circuit  judge  and  served  six  years. 
In  1857-59  and  1883-85  he  was  representa- 
tive from  Illinois  to  the  thirty-fifth  and  for- 
ty-eighth congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
Jan.  -8.    1887,   in   Illinois. 

Shaw,  Adele  Marie,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  Concord,  N.H.  She  is  part  au- 
thor of  The  Coast  of  Freedom ;  and  The 
Lady  of  the  Dynamos. 

Shaw,  Albert,  journalist,  author,  was  born 
July  23,  1857.  in  Shandon.  Ohio.  He  edited 
the  'Minneapolis  Daily  Tribune  for  several 
years;  and  in  1891  he  founded  The  Ameri- 
cnn  Review  of  Reviews,  of  which  he  is  sole 
editor.  He  is  the  author  of  Icaria,  a  Chap- 
ter in  the  History  of  Communism ;  Local 
Government  in  Illinois:  Co-operation  in  a 
Western  City  ;  Municipal  Government  in 
Great  Britain ;  and  Municipal  Government 
in    Continental    Euro])e. 

Shaw,  Annie  Cornelia,  painter,  artist,  was 
i)orn  Sept.  16.  1852,  in  West  Troy,  N.Y. 
Slie    is   a    well-known    artist   of   Chicago,    111. 

Shaw,  Albert  Duane,  soldier,  state  legis- 
1,1  lor.   diiiloiiiut.   was  born   Dec.   27,   1841,   in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


173 


Lyme,    X.Y.      He   served    in    the   thirty-fifth 

New  York  regiment 
in  1861-63 ;  and  was 
elected  to  the  New 
York  state  legislature 
in  1867.  In  1867  he 
was  appointed  colo- 
nel of  the  thirty- 
sixth  regiment  New 
York  national  guard. 
He  was  appointed 
United  States  consul 
at  Toronto ;  and  in 
1878-86  was  consul  at 
Manchester,  England. 
In  1890-1901  he  was  president  of  the  Cana- 
dian Niagara  power  company.  In  1896  he 
was  elected  department  commander  for  the 
state  of  New  York,  and  in  1899-1900  com- 
mander in  chief  of  the  Grand  army  of  the 
republic.  In  1900  he  was  elected  to  the  fifty- 
seventh  congress.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1901, 
in  Watertown,  N.Y. 

Shaw,  C.  Austin,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Oct.  24,  1840.  in  West  Milton,  Ohio. 
He  was  a  successful  landscape  painter  of 
Providence,  R.I. ;  and  afterward  edited  a 
magazine  entitled  Language  and  Thought. 
In  1871  he  entered  the  signal  service,  and 
held  positions  in  Minnesota,  Dakota,  Madi- 
son. Wis.,  and  Erie.  Pa.  In  1887  he  retired 
from  public  service  and  devoted  his  time 
entirely  to  literature.  He  was  the  author  of 
a  number  of  meritorious  essaj-s,  which  have 
been  a  valuable  acquisition  to  current  lit- 
erature. 

Shaw,  Charles,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
in  1782  in  Path,  Maine.  He  removed  to 
Alabama,  and  was  judge  of  a  court  in  Mont- 
gomery at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  Topographical  Description 
of  Post(jn  from  Its  First  Settlement.  He 
died  in  1828.  in   Montgomery,  Ala. 

Shaw,  Charles  Gray,  educator,  author, 
was  born  .luno  23.  1871,  in  Elizabeth.  N.J. 
In  1894  he  graduated  from  Cornell  univer- 
sity with  the  degree 
of  B.L. ;  in  1897  he 
graduated  from  the 
New  Y'ork  university 
as  I'h.D. ;  and  in  1897 
rec<!ived  the  degree  of 
P.I),  from  Drew  thco- 
li)'.;ical  seminary.  He 
was  a  student  of  phil- 
osophy at  Jena  in 
Porlin.  Since  1899 
he  lias  been  professor 
(if  philosophy  in  the 
New  York  university; 
constantly  engaged  in  the  work  of 
lecturing.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
American  philosophical  association  ;  a  mem- 
ber of  the  religious  education  association  ;  a 
member  of  the  Society  of  colonial  wars;  a 
member  of  the  Sons  of  tho  revolution.  He 
is    the    author    of    Christianity    and    Mt>dern 


and    is 
public 


Culture ;    The    Precinct    of    Religion ;    and 
The  Develojiment   of  Philosophy. 

Shaw,  Edward  Richard,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1855  in  Bellport,  N.Y.  He  was 
professor  of  pedagogy  in  the  New  Y'ork  uni- 
versity. He  was  the  author  of  Physics  by 
Experiment;  English  Composition  by  Prac- 
tice; and  Legends  of  Fire  Island  Beach.  He 
died  in  1903  in  New  York  City. 

Shaw,  Frank  T.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  7,  1841,  in  Woodsborough, 
Md.  He  received  a  common  school  educa- 
tion ;  and  in  1864 
graduated  from  the 
medical  department 
of  the  university  of 
Maryland.  Until 
1873  he  practiced 
medicine  at  Union- 
town,  Md.  In  1873-84 
he  was  clerk  of  the 
circuit  court  for  Car- 
roll county,  Md.  In 
1885-89  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Mary- 
land to  the  forty-ninth 
and  fiftieth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In 
1890  he  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  state 
legislature ;  in  1890-94  was  state  tax  com- 
missioner;  and  in  1894  became  collector  of 
customs  at   the  port  of  Baltimore,  Md. 

Shaw,  George  B.,  manufacturer,  public 
official,  congressman,  was  born  March  2, 
1854,  iu  .\lma,  N.Y.  He  was  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  lumber;  and  in  1888-89 
was  mayor  of  Eau  Claire,  Wis.  In  1890- 
92  he  was  supreme  chancellor  of  the  Knights 
of  Pythias  of  the  world.  In  1893-95  he  was 
a  rei)resentative  from  Wisconsin  to  the  fifty- 
third  congress  as  a  republican.  He  died 
Aug.   27,    1894,    in    Wisconsin. 

Shaw,  George  G.,  lawyer,  was  born  Jan. 
29.  1866,  in  Homer,  La.  He  taught  school 
for  a  while;  and  is  now  a  prominent  lawyer 
of  Kaufman,  Texas.  He  is  prominent  in 
masonry  and  other  fraternal  orders ;  and  in 
1896  was  elected  mayor  of  Kaufman,  Texas. 
Shaw,  Henry,  lawyer,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1788,  in  Windham 
county,  Vt.  In  1817-21  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Ma.ssachusetts  to  the  fifteenth 
and  sixteenth  congresses.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  legislature  for  eighteen 
years;  and  was  also  a  member  of  the  gov- 
ernor's council.  In  1848  he  moved  to  New 
York,  and  resided  sit  Fort  Washington,  on 
the  Hudson.  He  was  a  member  of  the  board 
in    New    York    ('ity ;    and    two 


of    education 
years    in    the 
was    elected 
send>lv.     He 
N.Y. 


conunon  council.  In  1853  he 
1  member  of  the  New  York  as- 
died  Oct.  17,  1857,  in  Peekskill, 


Shaw,    Henry, 


philanthro|)ist.  was  born 
July  24.  1800.  in  I'jiiilaud.  In  1885  he  gave 
to  Wasliingion  university  improved  real  es- 
tate that  yields  live  thousand  dollars  yearly 
income,    whieh    was    used    in    organizing   and 


174 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


for  scientific 
professor  and 
He  died  Aug. 


maintaining  a  scliool  of  botany  as  a  depart- 
ment of  the  university.  At  tlie  same  time 
the  Missouri  botanical  garden  and  arboretum 
were  placed  in  such  relation  to  the  school 
as  to  secure  their  full  uses 
study  and  investigation  to  the 
students  for  all  time  to  come. 
25,  1889,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Shaw,  Henry  M.,  soldier,  physician,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  20, 
1819,  in  Newport,  R.I.  He  moved  to  North 
Carolina  ;  and  was  a  state  senator  in  1852. 
In  1853-55  and  1857-59  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina  to  the  thirty-third 
and  thirty-fifth  congresses.  During  the  civil 
war  he  served  as  a  colonel  in  the  confederate 
armv.  He  died  Feb.  23,  1864,  in  Newberne, 
N.C. 

Shaw,  Henry  Wheeler,  Josh  Billings,  hu- 
morist, author,  was  born  April  21,  1818,  in 
I.anpsborough,  Mass.  He  was  the  author 
of  Josh  Billings's  Sayings ;  Everybody's 
Friend  ;  Josh  Billings's  Trump  Kards ;  and 
Josh  Billings's  Spice  Box.  He  died  Oct.  14, 
1885,   in  Monterey,   Cal. 

Shaw,  James,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  about  1825,  in  Ireland.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  Ireland ;  in  1854  came  to  America  ; 

and  was  at  once  re- 
ceived into  the  minis- 
try. For  ten  years  he 
was  agent  for  col- 
lection of  funds  for 
the  Irish  Wesleyan 
college  at  Belfast,  Ire- 
1  a  n  d.  He  preached 
over  a  quarter  of  a 
century  ;  and  has  filled 
pastorates  in  Old 
T  o  w  n,  Bloomington 
university,  Petersburg, 
Clinton,  Ilushville, 
and  other  Illinois  cities 
the  author  of  Twelve 
Years  in  America;  The  History  of  the  Great 
Temperance  Reform  of  the  Nineteenth  Cen- 
tury ;  The  Roman  Conflict ;  and  other  works. 
Shaw,  James,  soldier,  was  born  in  Rhode 
Island.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant  in  the 
tenth  regiment  Rhode  Island  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
voh'inteei's. 

Shaw,  James  Dickson,  soldier,  clergyman, 
.iournalist,  was  born  Dec.  27,  1841,  in  Walk- 
er county,  Texas.  lie  served  four  years  as  a 
soldier  in  the  confederate  army,  and  surren- 
dered at  the  close  of  the  war  as  a  second 
lieutenant.  For  twelve  years  he  was  a 
clergyman  in  the  niethodist  episcopal  church 
soutli,  and  since  1883  has  been  editor  of  The 
Independent  I'ulpit  of  Waco,  Texas. 

Shaw,  John,  naval  olTicer,  was  born  in 
Ireland.  In  1798  he  entered  the  United 
States  navy  as  a  lieutenant;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  commander.  H(!  died  Sept.  17, 
lS-2;{,  in  riiiladelphin,  Pa. 

Shaw,  John,  pliysieian,  surgeon,  ])oet,  was 
born   May   4,    1778,   in   Annapolis,  Md.     He 


Charleston,  Urbana 
and    towns.      He    is 


was  appointed  surgeon  in  the  fleet  that  was 
sent  to  Algiers  in  1798.  He  was  a  con- 
tributor to  The  Portfolio.  His  poems,  with 
a  memoir,  and  extracts  from  his  foreign 
correspondence  and  journals,  were  published 


1810 
Shaw, 

was    bor 
1885 


He  died  Jan.  10,  1809,  at  sea. 
John    Balcom,    clergyman,    author. 


in 


age 


1    May    12,   1860,   in   Bellport,  N.Y. 
he   graduated  from  Lafayette   col- 
lege;   in    1888   gradu- 
ated from  the  Union 
theological   seminary; 
and   has   received   the 
honorary    degrees    of 
A.M.    and   D.D.    from 
Lafayette  college  and 
D.D.    from    Hamilton 
college.      In    1888    he 
was    ordained   to    the 
ministry.       In     1888- 
1904  he  was  pastor  of 
the  West  End  presby- 
tery    of     New     York 
'City;     and     is     now     pastor     of     the     Sec- 
ond   presbyter ian    church    of    Chicago,    111. 
He  is  the  author  of  Four  Great  Questions, 
Secret  of   Soul  Winning;   Where  the  Shad- 
ows  Lie;    The   Difficult   Life;    Soul  Rewin- 
ning;  One  Step  at  a  Time;  The  Work  that 
Wins;   Life  that  Follows  Life;   Vision  and 
Service;    and    The    Outlook    for    the    Aver- 
Man. 
Shaw,  John  G.,  business  man,  lawyer,  con- 
gressnuin,    was    born    Jan.    16,    1859,    near 
Fayetteville,  N.C.     He  located   at  Fayette- 
ville,   N.C;    and    was   county   attorney    for 
Cumberland  county  in   1890-94.     He  was  a 
democratic  presidential  elector  in   1892.     In 
1895-97  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina   to   the   fifty-fourth  congress   as   a 
democrat. 

Shaw,  Lemuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Jan.  9,  17S1.  in  Barnstable,  Mass.  He 
drafted  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Boston; 
and  for  twenty-seven  years  was  one  of  the 
corporation  of  Harvard  college.  In  1830- 
60  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Massachusetts.  He  died  March  30,  I86I, 
in  Boston,  ]Mass. 

Shaw,  Leslie  Mortier,  lawyer,  financier, 
cabinet  officer,  governor,  was  born  Nov.  2, 
1848,  in  Morristown,  Vt.     He  was  educated 

in  the  public  schools; 
studied  at  the  People's 
academy  of  Morris- 
ville,  Iowa;  and  in 
1874  graduated  from 
Cornell  college  o  f 
Mount  Vernon,  Iowa 
-«^  ^m    with  the  degree  of  INI. 

«t.  ,     JH    S.    In  1876  he  gradu- 

^^  ^"    ated    from    the    Iowa 

college  of  law  ;  and  has 
received  the  honorary 
degrees  of  LL.D.  from 
Simpson  college:  LL. 
I),  from  Coniell  college  of  Iowa;  and  LL.D. 
from    the    Wesleyan    university.      In     1876 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


175 


he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law; 
and  bi'gan  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Denison,  Iowa.  He  is  engaged  in  bank- 
ing at  Denison,  JNIanilhi  and  Cliarter  Oak, 
Iowa;  and  has  loaned  over  two  million  dol- 
lars on  Iowa  farms.  He  is  prominent  in 
the  conferences  of  the  methodist  church. 
In  1898-1902  he  was  governor  of  the  state 
of  Iowa;  and  in  1902-07  was  secretary  of 
the  United  States  treasury.  Since  1907 
he  has  been  president  of  the  Carnegie  trust 
company   of  New   York. 

Shaw,  Lucien,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Marcli  1.  184.'.,  in  Vevay,  Ind.  In  1869-89 
lie  practiced  law;  and  in  1889-1902  was  judge 
of  the  superior  court  for  Los  Angeles 
county,  Cal.  Since  1903  he  has  been  an 
r.ssociate-justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
of  California. 

Shaw,  Milton  Gilman,  lumberman,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  Dec.  31,  1820,  in  Industry, 
Maine.  In  1841  he  began  life  in  the  lumber 
business  at  Greenville,  then  almost  in  the 
lieart  of  the  pine  forests  of  IMaine:  and  he 
now  owns  an  immense  area  of  timber  lands 
including  several  townships.  He  has  filled 
diflfrent  public  offices,  and  Avas  a  member 
(if  tlie  le":isiature  in  18.19. 

Shaw,  Oliver,  musician,  composer,  was 
I'oni  in  1770.  He  composed  Home  of  My 
Soul,  and  other  popular  pieces  of  music. 
He  <lied  Drc.  31.  1848,  in  Providence,  K.I. 
Shaw,  Robert  Gould,  merchant,  philan- 
lliroi)ist,  was  born  June  4,  1776,  in  Goulds- 
liorougli.  Maine.  Ho  bequeathed  over  a 
iuindrcd  thousand  dollars  to  philanthropic 
juirposes  wiiich  was  put  at  interest  until 
it  should  amount  to  four  hundred  thousand 
dollars;  and  is  known  as  the  Shaw  fund; 
and  is  to  be  devoted  to  tlie  sujjport  of  an 
asylum  for  mariners'  children.  He  died 
May  3,  ]S.")3.  in  T5oston.  Mass. 

Shaw,  Robert  Gould,  soldier,  was  born 
Oct.  10.  1S37,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  be- 
came coioni'I  of  the  fifty-fourth  Massachu- 
setts, the  lirst  regiment  of  colored  troops 
from  a  free  state  that  was  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service.  He  died  July 
18.  lS(i3.  in  Fort  Wagner,  S.C. 

Shaw,  Samuel,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
burn  (Jet.  2,  17^4,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
served  in  the  revolutionary  war;  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  major  and  aide-de-camp 
to  (ieiH-ral  Ht-nrv  Knox.  He  died  May  30, 
1S94.  at    s.a. 

Shaw,  Thomas,  mechanic,  inventor.  He 
invented  a  steam  gauge.  He  died  in  1901, 
in  I'liilaih'Ipliiii.  Pa. 

Shaw,  Samuel,  physician,  surgeon,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  De- 
cember, 1768,  in  Dighton.  :Mass.  In  1799 
he  was  returned  as  a  member  of  the  Ver- 
mont legislature;  and  was  for  some  time; 
a  member  of  the  state  council.  In  1807-13 
he  was  a  representative  from  Vermont  <o 
tile  ti-ntli.  eleventh  and  twelfth  congress, -s. 
On  liis  retirement  from  cojigre.ss  he  was  ap- 


pointed surgeon  in  the  army,  and  removed 
to  the  city  of  New  York.  He  died  Oct. 
22,  1827,  in  Clarendon.  Vt. 

Shaw,  Thomas,  educator,  author,  was  born 
•Ian.  3,  1843,  in  Caijada.  He  was  educated 
in  tlie  common  schools  of  Canada.    In  1886- 

93  he  was  professor 
of  agriculture  in  tlie 
Guelph  agricultural 
college  of  Ontario, 
Canada.  He  is  the 
editor  of  the  Farmer 
of  St.  Paul.  l\Iinn. 
Since  1893  he  has 
been  professor  of  ani- 
mal husbandry  in  the 
university  of  Minne- 
sota. He  is  the  au- 
thor of  First  Prin- 
ciples of  Agriculture; 
Weeds  and  Modes  of  Eradicating  Them; 
Forage  Crops  Other  Than  Grasses;  The 
Study  of  Breeds;  Sheep  Husbandry  in  Mm- 
nesota;  Soiling  Crops  and  the  Silo;  Aninuil 
Breeding,  Clovers  and  How  to  Grow  Tiiem; 
and   Feeding   Farm   Animals. 

Shaw,  Thompson  Darrah,  naval  oflRcer, 
was  born  Aug.  20,  1801,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  retired  in  1862  on  his  own  applica- 
tion, after  more  than  forty  years'  service. 
He  was  continued  on  special  duty  at  New 
York,  Philadelpliia,  and  Boston  in  1863-07; 
and  was  promoted  to  commodore  on  the 
retired  list  in  1867.  He  died  July  26,  1874, 
in  Gerniantown,  Pa. 

Shaw,  Tristam,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1787,  in  E.veter,  N.H.  In  1839-43  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  to 
the  twenty-si.xth  and  twenty-seventh  con- 
gress. He  died  March  14,  1843,  in  Exeter, 
N.H. 

Shaw,  William  Smith,  lawyer,  philanthro- 
pist, born  Aug.  12,  1778,  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1804;  and 
in  the  sanu;  year  became  treasurer  of  the 
Anthology  society,  the  nucleus  of  the  Bos- 
ton Atiieniuum.  He  devoted  much  of  his 
time  to  the  collection  of  its  library,  and 
became  known  as  Athenaium  Shaw.  He 
was  the  first  to  suggest  making  the  library 
public,  and  connecting  with  it  a  reading 
room.  After  the  incorporation  of  the  insti- 
tution he  was  its  secretary  and  librarian 
until  1823.  At  his  death  he  left  it  collec- 
tions of  coins,  pamphlets  and  books  to  tlie 
value  of  ten  tiiousand  dollars.  He  died 
April  2.">,   1826.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Shea,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
born  .hi lie  10,  1826,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
chief  justice  of  the  city  court  of  New  York. 
He  was  the  author  of  Alexander  Hamilton: 
a  Historical  Study;  and  Natun'  and  Form 
of  the  ,\iiierieaii  (iovernmenl.  lie  died 
•  Ian.  I."),  lS9r»,  in  New  'S'ork  City. 

Shea,  Daniel  William,  educator,  legisla- 
tor,   .scientist,    autlioi,    was    born    Nov.    27, 


176 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1859,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.    He  was  educated 

in  the  public  schools 
of  Greenland;  at 
Brackett  academy  of 
New  Hampshire;  and 
at  Harvard  univer- 
sity, from  which  insti- 
tution he  received 
the  degrees  of  A.B. 
and  A.M.  He  subse- 
quently studied  in 
Berlin;  and  in  1892 
received  the  degree  of 
Ph.D.  from  Friedrich- 
Wilhelm's  university. 
In  1886-88  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
Hampshire  state  legislature  from  Greenland. 
In  1889-92  he  was  assistant  in  physics  at 
Harvard  university;  in  1892-94  filled  the 
same  chair  in  the  university  of  Illinois; 
and  was  professor  of  physics  in  that  insti- 
tution in  1894-95.  Since  1895  he  has  been 
professor  of  physics  at  the  Catholic  uni- 
versity of  America  at  Washington,  D.C.  In 
1897-1903  he  was  general  secretary  of  the 
Catholic  university  of  America;  and  is  a 
member  of  the  American  physical  society 
and  other  scientific  associations.  He  is  the 
author  of  several  scientific  works  in  Ger- 
man. 

Shea,  John  Augustus,  journalist,  poet, 
was  born  in  1802,  in  Ireland.  He  came  to 
America  in  1827;  and  was  a  journalist  in 
New  York  City.  He  was  the  author  of 
Adolph;  Parnassian  Wild  Flowers;  Rud- 
deki.  an  Eastern  Romance,  in  verso;  and 
Clontarf,  a  poem.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1845, 
in  New   York  City. 

Shea,  John  Dawson  Gilmary,  journalist, 
autlior,  was  born  July  22,  1824,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  an  historical  writer  of  note; 
for  a  number  of  years  editor  of  Frank 
Leslie's  (.Jliimney  Corner  of  New  Y'ork  City. 
He  was  the  author  of  Tlie  Catholic  Church 
in  the  United  States;  Legendary  History 
of  Ireland;  History  oi  Catholic  Indian  Mis- 
sions; Discovery  and  Exploration  of  the 
Mississippi  Valley;  Early  Voyages  Up  and 
Down  the  Mississippi;  Novum  Belgium,  an 
Account  of  New  Netherlands,  1633-44;  The 
Operations  of  the  French  Under  De  Grasse; 
Life  of  Pius  Ninth;  The  Catholic  Church  in 
Colonial  Days;  The  Catholic  Hierarchy  of 
the  LTnited  States;  and  Life  and  Times  of 
Arclibisliop  Carroll.  He  died  Feb.  22,  1892, 
in    Elizabeth,   N.J. 

Shea,  Joseph,  educator,  college  'president, 
was  born  Dec.  31,  1829,  in  Fordhani,  N.Y. 
For  six  years  he  was  president  of  St.  John's 
college,  Eordham,  N.Y.  He  died  Dec.  5,  1881, 
in  New  York  C'ily. 

Sheafe,  Jame^,  congressman,  United 
St.ites  senator,  was  born  Nov.  16,  1755,  in 
PortsmoiiUi,  N.H.  In  1799-1801  he  was  a 
representsvtive  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
sixth  congress;  and  iu  1801-02  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator.  He  died  Dec.  5,  1829,  in 
Portsmouth,  N.H. 


Sheafe,  Mark  Wentworth,  soldier,  bank- 
er, stockman,  was  born  May  18,  1844,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1885-91  and  1893-97  he 
was^registrar  in  the  United  States  land  of- 
fice"~at  Walertown,  S.D.  Since  1889  he  has 
been  pres  dent  of  the  Watertown  national 
bai.lv  and  six  times  was  mayor  of  Elk  Point, 
S.D.  In  1874-75  iie  was  a  member  of  the 
territorial  senate;  and  in  1890  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Soiith  Dakota  state  senate. 

Sheafer,  Peter  Wernick,  mining  engineer, 
was  h.oiii  Maicli  31.  1819,  in  Halifax.  Pa. 
In  1848  lie  settled  in  Pottsville,  devoted  his 
attention  to  mining  engineering,  and  has 
Ijeen  specially  active  in  the  development  of 
tiie  coal  and  iron  interests  of  that  district, 
lie  issued  in  1875,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Pennsylvania  historical  society,  a  map  of 
I'ennsylvsinia  as  it  was  in  1775.  He  died  in 
I'eiinsylvania. 

Sheaffer,  Samuel  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  states- 
man, was  born  2\ii\y  13,  1841,  near  Ship- 
pensburg,  Pa.  He  received  his  education  in 
the  common  schools  and  the  Shippensburg 
academy.  He  has  been  postmaster,  jus- 
tic^  of  the  peace,  clerk  of  tlie  courts  of  Ness 
count}',  police  judge  of  Ness  city,  and  filled 
various  other  public  positions  of  honor.  He 
is  a  successful  lawyer  and  promoter  of  pa- 
triotic associations  and  iniblie  ent(^rprises ; 
and  is  adjutant-general  battalion  of 
America. 

Sheakley,  James,  public  official,  legisla- 
tor, govcinor,  congressman,  was  born  April 
2i,  1830,  in  Sheaklejville,  Pa.  When  nine- 
teen years  of  age  he  went  to  California,  and 
for  three  years  was  engaged  in  the  mining 
of  gold.  He  then  returned  to  Sheakleyville 
and  bought  the  old  homestead.  He  em- 
barked in  the  drygoods  business  in  Green- 
ville, in  1860 ;  was  one  of  the  pioneers  in 
the  oil  excitement  in  western  Pennsylvania, 
and  for  nearly  twenty  years  was  extensively 
engaged  in  the  production  and  shipping  of 
petroleum.  In  1875-77  he  was  a  represent- 
ati>'e  to  the  forty-fourth  congress  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. In  1887  he  was  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Cleveland  as  LTnited  States  commis- 
sioner of  Alaska,  and  the  educational  de- 
partment made  him  superintendent  of 
schools  for  southeastern  Alaska ;  and  in 
18C2  he  was  a  delegate  from  Alaska  to  the 
democratic  national  convention  at  Chicago. 
In  1893-97  he  was  governor  of  the  territory 
of  Alaska,  and  served  in  that  high  office  with 
distinction.  In  1898  he  resigned  the  gov- 
ern(;rship  and  returned  to  Pennsylvania. 

Sheard,  Titus,  manufacturer,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  Oct.  4,  1841,  in  England.  In 
1878-79  he  repres(>nted  Herkimer  county  in 
the  New  York  sU'-ie  assembly;  and  was 
state  senator  in  1890-91.  lie  was  a  manu- 
facturer of  knitted  cotton  and  woolen  un- 
derwear; and  president  of  the  Utica  Herald 
])ul)lis1iinu  coiiipauv.  lie  died  in  1904  in 
Little   Ka'll-.  N.V. 

Shearer,  James,  designer,"  architect,  bank- 
er, was  born  July   12,  1823,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


177 


He  (Icsigiud  and  erected  soine  of  I  lie  (ine.st 
Ijusiiu'ss  l)loeks  and  private  residences  in 
Detroit,  -Mieli.;  in  1S()7  lu'  Leeanie  i)resident 
of  tiie  First  national  bnni'C  of  Hay  City, 
]Mieh.;  and  in  ISSd-KS  was  regent  of  the 
n"iversil.v  of  Michigan.  He  died  Get.  14. 
180(),  in  r.ay  City.  M  eii. 

Shearer,  John  Bunyan,  clerpfynian.  col- 
leg,'  pn  silent,  aullior.  was  born  .Inly  1!). 
1S;;2.    in    A;)]in:iia1to\   connty.   Va.      He   is  a 

jireshy  I  erian  clergy- 
nini ;  ]))ofcs.sor  of 
l)ililieal  instrnetion 

and  nioi'al  piiiloso- 
piiy;  and  in  1870-75 
was  president  of  the 
Stewart  college  of 
Clarksville.  Tenn.  For 
thirteen  years  he  was 
])  r  e  s  i  d  6  n  t  of  the 
Sonthwestern  Presby- 
terian iiniversity;  in 
1888-1001  was  presi- 
dent; and  since  1901 
has  i)!'cn  vije-president  of  Davidson  college 
of  North  Carolina,  lie  is  ihe  author  of 
Hihh'  Course  Syllabus;  Modern  Myslieisni; 
Sermon  on  the  .Mount;  and  Studies  in  the 
I,;fr  i<i  Christ. 

Shearman,    Sylvester    G.,    lawyer,    jurist. 
In    18.')4-(>8    he   was   uii    associate   justici'   of 
the    supri-nie    court    of    Rhode    Island.      lie 
d  e.l  dan.  :!.  18(58. 
Slearman,    Thomas   Gaskell,   lawyer,   au- 


Ihor.    was    born    No\. 


lSo4.   in   England. 


lie  is  a  lawyer  and  political  economist  of 
New  V<irl<  City.  He  wrm  the  author  of 
Law  of  Practice  and  Pleadings;  Law  of 
Negligence;  Talks  on  Free  Trade;  Does  Pro- 
tection I'rotect?  I'auper  Labor  of  Europe; 
'J'he  Single  Tax;  National  Taxation;  Henry 
(Jeor-ic's  Mistake:  Crooked  Taxation;  Dis- 
tribution of  Wealth;  and  Who  Own  the 
Cnited  States?  He  d Cd  S.'pt.  2!»,  1!»0().  in 
I'.ro.iklyn,  N.Y. 

E;  eats,  Charles  Christopher,  state  legis- 
lator. c<)ngress:nan.  was  boiii  April  10.  18;!i). 
in   Walker  county,   Ala.      He  was  elected  to 

the  .\labaina  state 
legislature  in  ISfil  ; 
in  ISiil  was  a  uu'ni- 
ber  of  the  secession 
coinenlion;  was  a 
inend)er  oi  the  con- 
>t  itnti(»iial  convention 
ill  IS((."i;  was  Muiyor 
of  Decatur  in  18()7- 
'J'.l;  and  was  Cniled 
Slates  commissioner 
in  18flr.-;)(];  and  he 
was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1868.  In 
18l>!>  72  he  was  I'nit.'d  States  consul  to 
Denmark;  in  I87t!-7S  was  ap|.raiser  of  mer- 
ehandise  for  the  |)ort  of  Nlobile;  ami  in 
1878-8,")  was  collector  of  internal  revenue. 
In  187:1-7-')  lie  w;<s  a  re|)resentative  from 
Alabama    to    the    fortv-tiiird    congress.       In 


187.5  he  was  appointed  sixth  auditor  of  the 
I'nited  States  treasury,  lie  died  in  1904  in 
Decatur.  Ala. 

Sheats,  William  Nicholas,  educator, 
ioiiiider.  was  born  ^larcii  5,  18.)1,  in  Au- 
liinii.  (Ja.  In  187o  he  graduated  from  Ein- 
av\  college  of  Oxford,  (Ja.  He  then  taught 
in  the  Fletcher  institute  in  1873-74;  and  in 
various  other  institutions  until  1881.  In 
1881-'.);')  he  was  superintendent  of  public 
iii^lruelion  of  Alochua  county.  Fla.  Since 
i8!);5  he  has  been  state  superintendent  of 
public  instruction  of  Florida.  In  1885  he 
wa-;  electid  a  incmbt'r  of  the  state  constitu- 
(■"ral  convent'on;  and  was  the  author  of 
the  article  on  education  adopted  by  that 
body,  which  laid  the  foundation  of  the 
state's  educational  system,  and  ])laced  Flor- 
ida in  the  lead  in  public  education  among 
all  her  soutiiern  sisters. 

Sheatsley,  Jacob,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  dune  20.  18")9,  in  Paris,  Ohio.  Since 
1887  he  has  been  a  clergyman  in  the  Lu- 
theran church;  and  now  tills  a  pastorate  in 
Delaware,  Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Holy  Service;  To  My  Sunday  School  Teach- 
ers; Luther's  Marriage  Ring;  Teacher's 
.\nnual ;  and  The  Primary  Teaclier. 

Shecut,  John  Linnaeus  Edward  Whit- 
ridge,  physician,  scientist,  author,  was  born 
I)ec„  4.  1770,  in  Beaufort,  S.C.  He  was 
the  author  of  Flora  Carolincnsis;  Medical 
and  Philosophical  Essays;  Elements  of 
Natural  Philosophy;  and  A  New  Theory  of 
the  Karlli.  He  died  in  1880  in  Charleston, 
S.C. 

Shedd,  Joel  Herbert,  civil  engineer,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  ."H,  1834,  in  Pepperell, 
Mass.  He  is  an  eminent  civil  engineer  of 
Providence,  and  his  most  important  profes- 
sional labor  is  the  Providence  waterworks. 
He  has  written  a  work  on  Sewerage;  and 
several   important  professional   ])apers. 

Shedd,  Mrs.  Julia  Ann  Clark,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  8,  18.'34,  in  Newjiort,  Maine. 
She  was  the  autlior  of  Famous  Painters  and 
Paintings;  Famous  Sculptors  and  Sculp- 
ture; The  (ihiberti  (Jates ;  and  Raphael,  His 
.Madonnas  and  Holy  Families.  She  died 
April   7,    1897. 

Shedd,  Kendrick  P.,  educator,  linguist, 
was  born  Sept.  'iO,  ]8(i(i,  in  Lima,  N.Y.  He 
leceived  the  rudiments  of  lii.s  education  in 
the  luiblic  .schools  of  Rochester.  N.Y. ;  in 
18,S!i  graduatei!  from  the  university  of 
i;o(liesler;  and  for  one  season  stutlied  at 
the  I'.erlin  university  of  (Germany.  In  1889- 
90  he  was  a  teacher  in  the  Canandaigua 
academy;  and  in  1890-91  was  an  instructor 
at  I  he  university  of  Uerliii,  Cermany,  Since 
18!I1  he  has  been  prof»'s>or  of  (iermaii  in 
the  modern  language  department  of  the  uni- 
Vel>ity  of    Pvoehesler.   N.Y. 

Shedd,  Warren,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
1  laiiipsbire.  In  18(il  he  was  captain  in  the 
tliirtietli  regiment  Illinois  infantry;  and  in 
LSCi")  was  brevetled  brigadi»'r-general  of  vol- 
unteers.     He  died   Aug.  -20,   IS'U. 


178 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Sheedy,  Morgan  M.,  priest,  writer,  lec- 
turer, was  born  Oct.  8,  1853,  in  Ireland. 
He  was  ordained  in  the  Pittsburg  cathedral 

in  1876.  He  was  im- 
mediatelj^  assigned  as 
professor  of  theology 
and  history  in  Saint 
Michael's  seminary, 
where  he  continued 
until  the  closing  of 
that  institution.  As 
a  saiccessful'  pastor  he 
became  widely  known 
through  his  work  on 
educational  lines  with 
young  men.  In  Pitts- 
burg the  school,  hall 
and  free  library  that  he  established  were 
centers  of  tlie  very  best  inlluence  felt  in  the 
whole  community.  He  was  the  founder  of 
the  Pittsburgh  polytechnic  society  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Writers'  club,  the  Academy 
Western  Pennsylvania  his- 
and  other  literary  bodies, 
been  one  of  the  leaders  in 
movement     and    for     four 


of  Science,  the 
torical  society, 
He  has  always 
the     temperance 


years  was  the  vice-president  of  the  Catho- 
lic total  abstinence  union  of  America.  He 
is  the  author  of  Christian  Unity;  and  of  a 
work  entitled  Social  Problems.  He  helped 
to  organi/-,e  the  Catholic  summer  school  of 
America,  and  was  its  first  president.  He  is 
the  author  of  Christian  Unity;  Social 
J'roblems;  and  Briefs  for  Our  Times. 

Shedd,  William  Greenough  Thayer,  edu- 
cator, clergyiiian,  theologian,  author,  was 
born  June  21,  1820,  in  Acton,  Mass.  He 
was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of  New  York 
City;  professor  in  Union  seminary  in  1803- 
90;  and  a  theologian  of  a  very  conservative 
type.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
Christian  Doctrine;  Sermons  to  the  Natural 
Man;  Homiietics  and  Pastoral  Theology; 
Theological  Essays;  Sermons  to  the  Spir- 
itual Man ;  Endless  Punishment ;  Dog- 
matic   Theolog\' ;    The    Pro-Revision    of    the 


Westminster     Standards ; 
and  Mixed;   and  Literary 


Calvinism     Pure 
JEssays.     He  died 


Nov.   17,  18fl4,  in  New  York  City, 

Sheehan,  John  Charles,  lawyer,  contrac- 
tor, was  born  Aug.  5,  1848,  in  BulTalo,  N.Y. 
He  is  prominent  as  a  tammany  hall  leader; 
and  in  1892-05  was  police  commissioner  of 
New  York  City. 

Sheehan,  William  Francis,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator, lieutenant-governor,  was  born  Nov. 
0,  1859,  in  Bullalo,  N.Y.  He  received  his 
education  in  the  public  schools ;  and  grad- 
uated from  St.  Joseph's  college  of  Buffalo, 
N.Y.  He  attained  prominence  as  one  of 
the  foremost  lawyers  of  his  state;  and 
has  been  prominently  identified  witli  local 
imd  national  politics.  In  1885-91  he  was  a 
member  of  the  state  assembly  of  New  York ; 
and  in  1891  was  speaker  of  the  state  as- 
sembly. In  1892-94  he  was  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  the  state  of  New  York;  and  in 
1904  was  chairman  of  the  executive  com- 
mittee  of   the   democratic  national   commit- 


tee in  the  campaign  of  1904.  He  now  prac- 
tices law  in  New  York  City;  and  is  a  direct- 
or of  several   large  corporations. 

Sheeleigh,  Matthias,  clergyman,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Dec.  29,  1821,  in  Charles- 
ton, Pa.  Since  1800  he  has  edited  the  Lu- 
theran Sunday  School  Herald  of  Fort  Wash- 
ington, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  American 
Ecclesiad ;  A  Gettysburgiad ;  Luther :  a 
Song  Tribute;  Brief  History  of  Luther;  and 
Outlines  of  Old  and  New  Testament  His- 
tory. 

Sheets,  Benjamin  Franklin,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1802  he  was  lieu- 
tenant-colonel in  the  ninety-second  regiment 
Illinois  infantry;  and  in  1805  was  brevet- 
ted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  re- 
signed in  1804. 

Sheetz,  Josiah  A.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  eighth  regiment  Illinois  in- 
fantry; and  in  1805  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Jan.  8, 
1883. 

Sheffer,  Daniel,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  twen- 
ty-liftli  congress.     He  died  in  York,  Pa. 

Sheffey,  Daniel,  lawyer,  banker,  congress - 
num,  was  born  in  1770  in  Frederick,  Md. 
He  was  for  manj'  years  a  member  of  the 
Virginia  state  legislature.  In  1809-17  he 
was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
eleventh,  twelfth,  thirteenth  and  fourteenth 
congresses.  He  died  Dec.  3,  1830,  in  Au- 
gusta, \'a. 

Sheffield,  Devello  Z.,  clergyman,  mission- 
arj',  author,  was  born  Aug.  13,  1841,  in 
Cainesville,  N.Y.  Since  1809  he  has  been 
missionary  in  and  near  Pekin,  China;  and 
has  been  president  of  the  college  in  Pekin. 
He  is  the  author  of  Systematic  Theology, 
in    Chinese;    and    other    works. 

Sheffield,  James  Rockwell,  lawyer,  states- 
man, was  born  Aug.  13.  1804,  in  Dubuque, 
Iowa.  He  graduated  from  Yale  university 
witli  tlie  degree  of  A.B.,  and  from  the  Har- 
vard law  school.  In  1893-94  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York  state  assembly.  In 
1895-98  he  was  president  of  the  board  of 
tire  commissioners  of  New  York  City;  and 
is  now  a  ti'ustee  of  the  Chestnut  Hill  acad-. 
emy  and  otlier  institutions.  He  has  been 
an  occasional  contributor  of  articles  to  cur- 
rent  magazines. 

Sheffield,  Joseph  Earle,  merchant,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  .lune  19,  1793,  in  South- 
port,  Corin.  His  donations  to  Yale  have 
been  munificent.  In  1800  the  name  of  its 
scientific  department,  which  was  reorgan- 
ized and  placed  on  a  firm  basis  by  his  lib- 
erality, was  changed  to  the  Sheffield  sci- 
entific school  in  his  honor.  Its  two  build- 
ings are  called  respectively  Sliellield  hall 
and  North  Sheffield  hall.  lie  gave  to  other 
colleges,  seminaries,  and  religious  institu- 
tions; and  his  gifts  amounted  to  more  than 
one  million  dollars.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1882. 
in   New  Tlaveu,  Conn. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


179 


Sheffield,  William  Paine,  lawyer,  state 
k-yi^lat(ir,  coiigrL-ssiiuui,  rniteil  Stales  sen- 
alur.  autlior,  was  bom  Aug.  80.  1S19,  on 
Block  Island,  R.I.  In  1845  lie  was  elected 
a  nieniher  of  the  Kliode  Island  state  assem- 
bly. Removing  his  lesidi-nee  to  Tixerton, 
lie  was  again  elected  to  the  assembly  in 
184!),  where  he  continued  to  serve  until 
IS").'},  when  he  resigned  his  seat,  and  settled 
in  Newport ;  and  represiMited  that  city  in 
the  assembly  in  1857-1)1.  In  ISGl-Oii  lie 
was  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island  to 
the  thirty-seventh  congress;  and  in  18(ii) 
was  ap|)ointed  one  of  the  commissioners  to 
revise  the  laws  of  Rhode  Island.  In  1SS4- 
85  he  was  L'nited  States  senator  to  till  a 
vacancy.  He  was  the  author  of  Rhode 
Island  Privateers:  and  other  works.  He 
died    June    2,    1!)07,    in    Newport,    R.I. 

Shegogue,  James  Henry,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  about  1810.  J-le  devoted  himself 
mainly  to  portraiture,  but  produced  also 
landscape  and  genre  pieces.  He  died  April 
7,  ISyO.  in  New  York  City. 

Shelabarger,  Samuel,  lawyer,  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Dec.  10.  1817,  in 
Clarke  county;  Ohio.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Ohio  state  legislature  in  1852-53.  In 
1800-10  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  thirty-seventh  congress.  In  18(i5-71 
he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
thirty-ninth,  forty-first  and  forty-.second 
congresses.     He   died   in    Ohio. 

Shelby,  David  D.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
iiiri>l.  was  boiii  Oct.  24,  1847,  in  Madison 
county,  Ala.  In  1882-84  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Alabama  state  senate.  Since  1899 
he  nas  been  l'nited  States  circuit  judge 
for   the    liftli    circuit   of   Alabama. 

Shelby,  Isaac,  sodier,  surveyor,  legisla- 
tor, goveiiior,  cabinet  ollicer,  was  liorn  Dee. 
11.  K'jO,  near  Hagerstown.  Md.  He  be- 
came a  surveyor  in 
we.-.iern  Virginia.  In 
1774  lie  was  lieuten- 
ant in  his  father's 
i()m])any  at  the  bat- 
tle of  Point  Pleasant. 
Va. ;  was  a  captain 
ill  1770;  and  was 
made  commissary  in 
1777.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature 
in  1779;  was  commis- 
sioiie(l  a  major  by 
(utNcriior  delferson; 
aim  in  1780  was  mule  colonel,  and  defeat- 
rd  .Major  iM-rguson  at  the  battle  of  King's 
.Mountain.  He  was  a  nu-mber  of  tin-  leg- 
islature of  North  Carolina  in  1781-82.  In 
17S8  he  settled  at  Travelers'  Rest,  Ken- 
luekv;  was  the  first  governor  of  Kentucky 
in  17')2-nii  and  18!2-1(!;  and  in  18l:j  joined 
Ceneral  Harrison.  In  1817  he  was  secre- 
tary of  war.  In  1818  he  was  a  eommis 
sioner,  with  (ieneral  .Jackson,  lo  treat  with 
the  Clierokee  Indians.  A  county  in  Ken- 
tucky   and    a    college    in    Shelbyville    were 


named  for  him.  He  died  July  18,  182G, 
near   Stanford,    Ky. 

Shelby,  Evan,  pioneer,  was  born  in  1732 
in  Wales.  In  the  old  Kreneh  war  he  rose 
from  the  rank  of  private  to  that  of  cap- 
tain. In  1779  he  led  a  successful  expedi- 
tion against  the  Chickamauga  Indians.  He 
subsequently  served  with  the  Virginia  army 
on  the  seaboard,  rising  to  the  rank  of  col- 
onel, and  then  to  that  of  general.  He  died 
Dec.  4,    1794.  in   Bristol,  Tenn. 

Shelby,  Joseph,  soldier,  was  born  in  1831 
in  Kentucky,  lie  served  through  the  civil 
war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
geiu'ral. 

Shelby,  Joseph  Orville,  soldier,  was  born 
June  10,  1831,  in  Lexington,  Ky.  He  was 
an  active  proslavery  leader  in  the  Kansas- 
Missouri  border  conllicts;  and  early  in  the 
civil  war  raised  and  equijijied  a  company 
of  confederate  cavalry.  Soon  afterward  he 
was  made  colonel  of  tjie  5tli  Missouri  cav- 
alry; and  later  was  eommissioned  briga- 
dier-general. He  died  Feb.  12,  1897,  near 
Adrian,   Mo. 

Shelby,  William  Read,  railroad  ofTiciMl, 
was  born  Dec.  4.  1S42.  in  Lincoln  county, 
Ky.  He  was  president  of  the  Cincinnati, 
Richmond  and  Fort  Wayne  railroad  com- 
pany; and  president  of  the  Muskegon,  (Jrand 
Rapids  and  Indiana  railroad  company.  He 
lias  been  also  extensively  engaged  in  wheat 
raising  in  the  northwest;  and  since  1875 
has  managed  the  Cass  farm,  a  portion  of 
which  is  more  gi-nerally  known  as  the  great 
Dalrympie   farm. 

Sheldon,  A.  W.,  soldier,  journalist,  law- 
yer, jurist,  was  born  July  18,  1842,  in  Gran- 
ville, Ohio.  In  1875-81  he  was  judge  ad- 
vocate of  the  first  division  of  the  national 
guard  of  the  state  of  New  York,  with  the 
rank  of  colonel;  and  in  1877-78  was  judge 
advocate  of  the  dejiarlment  of  New  York, 
grand  army  of  the  republic.  In  1881  lie 
moved  to  Baltimore,  and  became  editor  of 
the  Baltimore  Herald.  In  1883  he  was  ap- 
])ointed  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court    of   Arizona    territory. 

Sheldon,  Alexander,  ])hysician,  legisla- 
tor, jurist,  was  born  Oct.  23,  17(")(!.  in  Suf- 
lield.  ('onn.  He  was  speaker  of  the  New 
Vork  assembly  in  1804,  180(i.  and  1812; 
and  a  judge  of  the  county  court.  He  was 
a  reg.'iil  of  the  I'niversily  of  New  Vork 
state.  He  died  Sept.  Id,  173C..  in  Monlgoin- 
ery  county,  N.Y. 

Sheldon,  Carlos  Douglas,  soldier,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  10,  1840,  in  Wal- 
worth, Wis.  He  served  throughout  the 
civil  war  in  the  twenty-third  regiment  .Mich- 
igan infantry.  In  18!)2-9(i  he  was  a  member 
of  the  .Michigan  slate  legislature.  In  1897- 
1903  he  was  a  re|>resen(ative  from  Michi- 
gan to  the  fifty-fifth.  fifty-Nixth,  and  fifty- 
seveiitii  congii'sses  as  a  republican,  lie  died 
in    ]!tttl   ill    Houghton,  .Mich. 

Sheldon,  Caroline,  ediu-ator.  author,  was 
born  Jan.  22,   ISdO,  in  Potsdam.  N.V.     Since 


184 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


190C  slic  lias  been  an  instruetoi-  in  French  ; 
and  since  1907  has  been  dean  of  women  at 
tlie  Iowa  college  at  Grinnell.  She  is  the 
author  of  Princess  and  Pilgrim  in  England. 

Sheldon,  Charles  H.,  soldier,  governor, 
was  born  in  1840  in  Johnson.  Vt.  For  ten 
years  he  lived  in  southern  Illinois;  in  Ken- 
tucky three  years;  and  in  1881  moved  to 
Dakota.  He  was  a  member  of  the  terri- 
torial council  of  1887 ;  and  in  1893-97  was 
the  second  governor  of  South  Dakota.  He 
died   ()ct.   20.    1897,    in   Deadwood,   S.D. 

Sheldon,  Charles  Monroe,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  20,  1857,  in  Wells- 
ville,  N.Y.  Since  1889  he  has  been  pastor 
of  the  Central  congregational  church  of 
Topeka,  Kan.  He  is  the  author  of  in  His 
Steps;    and   other   religious   works. 

Sheldon,  Charles  S.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  Jersey  In  1801-64  he  served  in  the 
civil  war;  and  in  1805  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Jan. 
2,   IIJOO. 

Sheldon,  Clesson  Parmenter,  clergyman, 
theoldgian.  was  born  ^lay  9,  1813,  in  Ber- 
nardston,  Mass.  In  1845  he  graduated 
from  the  Madison  university  of  Hamilton. 
N.Y.  He  became  an  eminent  clergyman 
of  the  baptist  church;  filled  pastorates  in 
Wliitesboro,  Hamilton,  Dull'alo,  and  for 
nineteen  vears  in  Trov.  N.Y.  He  died  Oct. 
'25.  lS88,"in  Troy.  N.Y. 

Sheldon,  David  Newton,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  June  20, 
1807,  in  Sultield,  Conn.  He  was  a  baptist 
clergyman;  and  became  a  unitarian  in  1856. 
He  was  pi-esident  of  Colby  university  in 
1843-53.  He  was  the  author  of  Sin  and 
Redeini)tion.  He  died  Oct.  4,  1889,  in 
Watcrville.    Me. 

Sheldon,  Edward  Austin,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  4,  1823,  in  Ferry  Cen- 
tre, N.Y.  He  is  a  noted  educator  of  Os- 
wego, and  organizer  and  principal  of  the 
normal  school  there  in  1862-97.  He  was 
author  of  -Manual  of  Elementary  Training; 
and  Lessons  on  Objects.  He  died  Aug.  26, 
1897,   in   Oswego,  N.Y. 

Sheldon,  Edward  Stevens,  educator,  au- 
tiiur,  was  l)orn  Nov.  21,  1851,  in  Waterville, 
Maine,  lie  lias  been  professor  of  Romance 
philology  at  Harvard  university  since  1884; 
and  the  author  of  Short  German  Grammar 
and   monogra))hs. 

SheldoHj  George  Lawson,  soldier,  farmer, 
Inuiker,  governor,  was  l)orn  May  31,  1870, 
in  Nehawka.  Neb.  He  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  his  education  in  the  common 
scliools;  received  the  degree  of  B.L.  from 
llic  universit}'  of  Nebraska;  and  the  de- 
gnc  (if  A.B.  from  Harvard  university.  He 
has  l)ci'n  a  member  of  tlie  republican  state 
committee  from  the  fourth  district  of  Ne- 
Inaska ;  is  the  president  of  the  Nehawka 
bank;  and  was  captain  of  company  A,  Ne- 
braska university  cadets.  During  the  Span- 
ish-American war  lie  was  captain  of  the 
tliird    reyiincnt    Nebraska    volunteer    infan- 


try. In  1907-09  he  was  governor  of  Ne- 
braska. 

Sheldon,  George  William,  journalist,  au- 
thor, v\as  born  Jan.  28,  1843,  in  Summer- 
ville,  S.C.  He  was  a  journalist  and  art 
critic  of  New  York  City;  and  for  ten  years 
wao  in  charge  of  the  London  ollice  of  D. 
A])pleton  and  Company,  publishers.  He  is 
the  author  of  American  Painters ;  The  Story 
of  the  Volunteer  Fire  Department  of  New 
York  City;  Hours  with  Art  and  Artists; 
Selections  in  Modern  Art;  Kecent  Ideals  of 
American  Art;  Artistic  Homes;  Artistic 
Country  Seats;  and  Ideals  of  Life  in  France. 

Sheldon,  Grace  Carew,  journalist,  found- 
er, author,  was  born  in  Buti'alo,  N.Y.  In 
1880  she  founded  and  ever  since  has  been 
head  of  the  woman's  exchange  of  Buffalo, 
N.Y.,  which  accepts  work  onlj'  from  self- 
snpi)orting  women.  She  is  tlie  author  of 
As  We  Saw  It  in  '90;  and  From  Pluck- 
emin  to  Paris. 

Sheldon,  Henry  Davidson,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  3.  1874,  in  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah.  Since  1900  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  philosophy  and  education  at  the 
university  of  Oregon.  He  is  the  author  of 
Student  Life  and  Customs;  and  State  Nor- 
mal   School    Systems    in   the    I'nited    States. 

Sheldon,  Henry  I.,  lawyer,  author.  He  is 
a  successful  lawyer  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  the  author  of  Notes  on  the  Nicaragua 
Canal. 

Sheldon,  Henry  Clay,  educator,  clergy- 
imui,  author,  was  born  March  12,  1845,  in 
In  1807  he  graduated 
from  the  theological 
de|)artment  of  Boston 
universitj' ;  and  was 
also  a  student  at  Low- 
ville  academy  and 
Leipsig  university.  He 
is  a  minister  of  the 
methodist  episcopal 
church.  For  twenty 
years  he  was  profes- 
sor of  historical  the- 
ology-; and  since  1895 
has  been  professor  of 
systematic  theology  in 
i"ii  iiiiivorsity.  He  is  the  author  of 
History  of  Christian  Doctrine;  History  of 
the  Christian  Church,  in  five  volumes; 
System  of  Christian  Doctrine;  and  His- 
tory of  Unbelief  in  the  Nineteenth  Century. 
Sheldon,  Henry  L.,  librarian,  founder, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1821,  in  Middieburg, 
\t.  He  is  the  founder  and  librarian  of  the 
Sheldon  art  museum  of  :\lid(llebury.  Vt.  He 
wa-i  city  clerk  for  twenty-five  years  and  an 
expert   accountant   and   bookkeeper. 

Sheldon,  Henry  Newton,  soldier,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  June  28,  1843,  in'  Water- 
ville, Maine.  In  1800-94  he  practiced  law 
in  Boston,  ilass. ;  in  1894-1905  he  was 
justice  of  the  superior  court  of  Massachu- 
setts; and  since  1905  lias  l)een  justice  of 
file  supi(>ine  court  of  Massachusetts,  lit-  is 
till'    author    of   The    Law    of    Subrogation. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ISl 


Sheldon,    Lionel    Allen,    soldier,    lawj't-r, 
Jiiii-^t,     conyrcssinaii.    governor,     was     born 


Aug.    30,    1831.    in    Worcester,    N.Y. 


He 


served  one  term  as  judge  of  probate  in 
Lorain  county,  Ohio.  In  18(il  lie  entered 
the  volunteer  army  as  a  cnjitain;  \Aas  soon 
pro'.notetl  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel; 
and  at  the  close  of  the  war  was  brevetted  a 
brigadier-general.  He  subsequently  settled 
in  New  Orleans.  La.,  and  devoted  himself 
to  law.  In  1S09-75  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Louisiana  to  the  forty-tirst,  for- 
ty-second and  forty-third  congresses.  In 
1881-8.1  he  was  governor  of  the  territory 
of  New  Mexico. 

Sheldon,  Mary  Downing,  educator,  au- 
thor, \\as  born  Sept.  1.5,  LS.jO,  in  Oswego, 
N.Y.  She  was  professor  of  history  in  Wel- 
lesley  in  187tJ-78;  and  subsequently  occu- 
pied the  same  chair  in  the  state  normal 
school  of  Oswego,  N.Y.  She  was  the  au- 
thor of  Slieldon's  General  History;  and 
Sheldon's  I'nited  States  History.  She  died 
Auii.   27.    18!)8.   in   London,   England. 

Sheldon,  Porter,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Sept.  29,  1831,  in  Victor,  N.Y.  In^ 
1802  ho  was  a  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Illinois.  In  1809-71  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the  for- 
ty-lirst  congress  as  a  republican. 

Sheldon,  Samuel,  electrical  engineer,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  -March  8,  1802,  in  Mid- 
dlobury.  \'t.  Since  1889  he  has  been  professor 
of  physics  and  electrical  engineering  at  the 
Brooklyn  polytechnic  institute.  He  is  the 
author    ot    Dynamo   Electric    Machinery. 

Sheldon,  Smith,  publisher,  founder,  was 
born  Sept.  13,  1811,  in  Montgomery  coun- 
ty, N.Y.  He  acquired  a  fortune  in  the 
dry-goods  trade  in  Albany,  N.Y.  Tn  1854 
he  established  the  publishing-house  of  vShel- 
don  and  company  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  original  corporator  of  Vassar  col- 
lege; and  an  incorporator  of  Madison  uni- 
versity. He  died  Aug.  30,  1884,  in  Nyack, 
N.Y.  * 

Sheldon,  Walter  L.,  lecturer,  founder,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  5,  18.'iS,  in  West  Rut- 
land. Vt.  He  was  the  founder  and  since 
1860  lecturer  of  the  l']thieal  society  of  St. 
Louis.  Mo.  He  was  the  author  of  An  Eth- 
ical Movement;  and  An  Ethical  Sunday 
School;  and  Story  of  the  Bible.  He  died 
.June   "»,   1907.   in   St.   Louis.  .Mo. 

Sheldon,  William  Evarts,  educator,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  Oct.  22,  1832.  in  Dorset, 
Vt.  He  has  attained  success  as  an  educa- 
tor, anil  his  life  has  been  devoted  t<i  teaching, 
school  supervision,  and  educational  journal- 
ism. In  1863-64  he  was  president  of  the 
Massaehusetts  teachers'  association  ;  was 
jiresidi'iit  of  the  American  institute  of  in- 
struction in  1867;  jiresident  of  the  Nation- 
al educational  association  in  1887;  and  in 
1884-1900  was  a  member  of  the  national 
<-<>uncil  of  education.  lie  was  tin'  editor  of 
The  .lournal  of  Education:  Current  History; 
American    Primary    Teacher;    and    .Modern 


Methods;    all    of    Boston,    Mass.       He    died 
April    10,   1900,  in  Boston,  :Mass. 

Shell,  George  W.,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  bcrn  Nov.  13,  1831,  in  Laurens  coun- 
ty. S.C.  He  entered  the  confederate  army 
in  ISOl  ;  and  remained  in  the  service  un- 
til the  surrender  at  Appomatto.x.  He  served 
as  private,  lieutenant,  and  captain.  For 
six  years  he  served  as  clerk  of  court  for 
Laurens,  S.C.  In  1891-9.5  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  South  Carolina  to  the  fifty- 
occond  and  fifty-third  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. He  died  Dec.  15,  1899.  in  Laurens, 
S.C. 

Shellabarger,  Samuel  W.,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  diplomat,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  10,  1817,  in  Clarke  county,  Ohio. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  first  legislature 
in  Ohio  that  met  under  the  present  consti- 
tution; and  in  1801-03,  1805-09  and  1871- 
73  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thirty- 
seventh,  thirty-ninth,  fortieth  and  forty- 
second  congresses.  He  was  L  nited  States 
minister  to  Portugal  in  1809-70;  and  in 
1874-75  was  one  of  the  civil  service  com- 
mission. He  died  Aug.  0,  1890,  in  Washing- 
ton.  D.C. 

Shelley,  Charles  M.,  soldier,  architect, 
congressman,  was  born  Dec.  28,  1833,  in 
Sullivan  county,  Tenn.  He  entered  the 
confederate  army  in  1801  ;  and  rose  to  the 
raidv  of  i)rigadier-gencral.  In  1877-85  he 
was  a  representative  from  Alabama  to  the 
forty-tifth,  forty-si.xth,  forty-seventh,  and 
forty-eighth  congresses.  In  1885  he  was 
appointed  fourth  auditor  in  the  liiited 
States  treasury  at  Washington,  D.C.  He 
died  in  1907  in  Selnia.  Ala. 

Shelley,  Harry  Rowe,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  June  8,  1858,  in  New  Ha- 
ven, Conn.  He  is  a  successful  organist  of 
New  \orK  l  iiy.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Inheritance  Divine;  Gems  for  the  Organ; 
and  orchestral  pieces. 

Shelley,  Henry  Charles,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Sussex,  England.  Since 
1905  he  has  been  literary  and  dramatic  ed- 
itor of  the  Boston  Herald.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Story  of  Botiiwell  Castle;  The 
Homes  and  Haunts  of  Thomas  Carlyle;  The 
Songs  of  Burns;  and  John  Harvard  and 
His  Times. 

Shelton,  Charles  Eldred,  educator,  law- 
yer, eollrge  jtresident.  wa>  bom  June  10, 
1859.  in  .Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa.  In  1880 
lu'  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  for  a  year  he 
i'.itl  education-)l  missionary  work  in  Bra- 
zil: and  since  lS!t9  lias  been  president  of 
Simpson   college  of   Indianola.  Iowa, 

Shelton.  Don.  Odell,  missionary,  secre- 
tary, author,  was  Itorn  .May  5,  1807,  in 
Odessa.  N.V.  Since  1903  he  has  been  sec- 
retary of  the  congregational  home  mission- 
ary society,  lie  is  the  author  of  The  Pub- 
lic Views  of  the  Bible:  Heroes  of  the  Cross 
in    Aiiii'iie.i  ;    ami    Raising   the   Average. 

Shelton,  Frederick  William,  clergyman, 
autlioi,  jioet,  was  born   in    1814   in  -Jamaica, 


182 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Trollo- 
piad,  or  the  Traveling  Gentleman  in  Amer- 
ica;  The  Rector  of  St.  Bardolph's;  Peeps 
from  the  Belfry,  or  the  Parish  Sketch-JiooU ; 
Salander  and  the  Dragon,  a  romance;  Up 
the  River,  a  collection  of  rural  sketches; 
Chrystalline,  a  romance;  The  Gold  Mania: 
and  Use  and  Abuse  of  Reason.  He  died 
June  20,  1881,  in  Carthage  Landing,  N.Y. 

Shelton,  Jane  De  Foresx,  writer,  author, 
was  born  in  Derby,  Conn  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  By  the  Way ;    and  other  works. 

Shelton,  William  Henry,  soldier,  artist, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1840,  at  Allen's 
Hill,  N.Y.     He  was  educated   in  Canandai- 

gua  academy.  He 
served  in  the  army  of 
the  Potomac  during 
the  civil  war;  and 
participated  in  all  the 
battles  from  second 
Bull  Run  to  the  bat- 
tle of  the  Wilderness; 
at  Cedar  Mountain, 
Rappahannock  Station 
and  Grovcton  before 
reaching  Bull  Run. 
He  served  in  Rennels 
Rochester  battery  L 
artillery;  was  captured 
and  was  a  prisoner  at 
Macon.  Ga.,  Charleston  and  Columbia,  S.C., 
for  ten  months;  and  escaped  four  times,  fin- 
nlly  reading  the  Union  lines  in  1805.  He 
is  the  author  of  A  Man  Without  a  Mem- 
ory; The  Last  Three  Soldiers;  The  Three 
Prisoners;    and    Capture    and    Escape. 

Shepard,  Alexander  R.,  governor,  in  1873 
lie  was  ooveriior  of  District  of  Columbia. 

Shepard,  Charles  B.,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  5,  1807.  in  Xewbern.  N.C.  In 
1837-41  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  twenty-fifth  and  twenty- 
sixth  congresses.  He  died  Oct.  31,  1843,  in 
Newl)evn.  N.C. 

Shepard,  Charles  Upham,  educator,  geol- 
ogist, author,  was  born  June  29,  1804,  in 
Little  Compton,  R.l.  He  was  professor  of 
geology  at  Amherst  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Report  on  the  Geologj-  of  Con- 
nocticul.  He  died  May  1,  188G,  in  Charles- 
ton. S.(  . 
Shepard,  Charles  Upham,  chemist,  donor. 


of 
at 


tlie 
the 


first    state 
Wilderness 


1842 


m 


New     Haven, 


was  born  Oct. 
Conn.  In  1887  lie  presented  the  second -cab- 
inet of  minerals  that  was  left  by  his  father, 
miinbering  more  than  ten  thousand  speci- 
mens, to  the  collection  of  Amherst;  and  his 
cabinet  of  two  hundred  dillerent  meteorites 
has  been  deposited  in  the  United  States  Na- 
tional museum  of  Washington,  D.C. 

Shepard,  Edward  Morse,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  18.')0  in  New  York.  He  was 
a  lawyer  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  was  the  au- 
thor iif  a  Life  of  Martin  Van  Buren.  He 
died   .lul}    28.   1911.  at  Lake  George,  N.Y. 

Shepard,  Edward  Martin,  educator,  geol- 
ogist,   author,    was    born   May    15,    1854,    in 


West    Winstead,    Conn.      He    was    educated 

in  Russells  collegiate 
and  military  institute 
of  New  Haven,  Conn., 
at  Williams  college 
and  at  the  Waynes- 
burg  college  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1878  he 
was  professor  of  nat- 
u  r  a  1  science  i  n 
Waynesburg  college. 
Since  1879  he  has 
been  professor  of  bi- 
ology and  geology;  in 
1893-94  he  was  acting 
president;  and  since  1903  has  been  dean  of 
Drury  college;  in  1894-95  he  was  special 
assistant  of  the  Missouri  geological  survey; 
and  since  1903  has  been  field  assistant  in 
the  department  of  hydrology  in  the  United 
States  geological  survey.  Since  1893  he  has 
been  a  member  of  the  board  of  managers; 
in  1903-Ovi  he  was  vice-president;  and  since 
190G  has  been  secretary  of  the  Missouri  bu- 
reau of  geologv'  and  mines.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Systematic  Mineral  Record. 

Shepard,  Edwin  M.,  naval  oflHcer.  was 
i)orn  Sept.  10,  1843,  in  Oswego,  NY.  In 
1859-01  he  attended  the  United  States  naval 
academy.  He  ser^•ed  in  the  civil  war.  In 
1800  he  was  commissioned  lieutenant-com- 
mander; and  in  1893  was  promoted  to  cap- 
tain. In  1901  he  was  promoted  rear  ad- 
irral.  He  died  in  1904  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Shepard,  Elihu  Hotchkiss,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1795  in  Vermont.  He 
was  an  educator  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  was 
the  author  of  Autobiography;  and  Early 
History  of  St.  Louis  and  Missouri.  He  died 
in    1870   in    St.   Louis.   Mo. 

Shepard,  Elliott  Fitch,  soldier,  lawyer, 
journalist,  founder,  was  born  Julj'  25,  1833, 
in  Jamestown,  N.Y.  He  was  instrumental 
.  -n  raising  the  fifty-first  New  York  regi- 
nievit,  which  was  named  for  him  the  Shep- 
ard rides.  He  was  the  founder  of  the  New 
York  state  bar  association  in  1870,  wiiich 
has  formed  the  model  for  the  organization 
of  similar  associations  in  other  states.  In 
1888  he  purchased  the  New  Y^'ork  Mail  and 
Express.  He  died  Mar.  24,  1893,  in  New 
York  City. 

Shepard,  Frank  Hartson,  musician,  coju- 
poscr.  was  born  Sept.  20,  1803,  in  Bethel, 
Conn,  in  1891  he  established  the  Shepard 
school  of  music  of  Orange,  N.J. ;  and  is  the 
organist  and  musical  director  of  Grace 
church.  He  is  the  author  of  Piano  Touch 
and  Scales;  Church  ]\Iusic  and  Choir  Train- 
ing: How  to  Modulate;  Harmony  Simpli- 
fied:   and    Children's    Harmony. 

Shepard,  Frederick  Job,  journalist,  li- 
brarian, historian,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1850, 
in  Essex.  Conn.  In  1873-97  he  was  engaged 
in  journalism:  and  since  1897  has  been 
reference  librarian  at  the  Buflalo  public  li- 
brary.    He  is  the  author  of  several   college 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


183 


class    histories;    and   articles   on    local    his- 
tory. 

Shepard,  George  Bohan,  lawyer,  inventor, 
was  Ijoni  Sfpl.  -J;;,  1847,  in  Ogdeusburg, 
N.V.       In     187'J    he    was    appoiiited    United 

States   deputy   collect- 
-    -  (ir  of  internal  revenue 

Hg^  iov   St.   Lawrence  and 

WIff'  f  Franklin  counties.  He 

%^,  ^         introduced    the    clec- 

'  ^^  trie    telephone    in    his 

^-  native    county,    build- 

ing several  local  ex- 
changes and  the  con- 
necting county  lines. 
He  has  made  a  num- 
ber of  useful  inven- 
tions, including  early 
improvements  in  the 
tyjiewriter  and  copygraph ;  and  he  per- 
fected a  successful  rotary  engine.  He  im- 
proved a  machine  to  furnisli  stereotype 
plates  for  printing,  which  promises  a  revo- 
lution in  that  art.  His  steam  rotary  makes 
the  marvelous  speed  of  six  thousand  revolu- 
tions per  minute  without  vibration.  He 
died   in  Ogdensburg,  N.Y. 

Shepard,  Harriett,  Elma,  educator,  lec- 
turer, was  born  Jan.  IG,  1853,  in  Fort 
lUniter,  N.Y.  Hi  1874  she  giaduated  from 
\assar  college  with  the  degree  of  A.B. 
She  is  the  wile  of  Edwin  Martin  Shepard. 
In  1874-78  she  was  professor  of  natural 
science  in  Milwaukee  college;  and  in  1878- 
81  was  dean  of  women  in  Drury  college. 
She  helped  to  found  the  first  women's  lit- 
erary club  in  Mis.souri.  She  has  published 
Sketch  of  Early  Life  in  Southwest,  Mo.; 
and  has  lectured  on  travels  in  Mexico  and 
the    I'aeific    Islands. 

Shepard,  Isaac  Fitzgerald,  soldier,  dip- 
lomat, author,  was  born  duly  7,  1816,  in 
Natick.  Mass.  He  was  a  federal  officer  in 
ihe  civil  war;  and  was  consul  at  Swatow 
and  Hankow  in  1874-80.  He  was  tlie  au- 
thor of  Pebbles  from  Castalia;  Poetry  of 
Feeling;  Scenes  and  Songs  of  Social  Life; 
and  llonsehf)Id  Tales.  He  died  Aug.  25, 
ISS'.t.  j.,  St.   Louis.  Mo. 

Shepard,  Irwin,  soldier,  educator,  normal 
school  president,  was  born  July  5.  1843, 
in  Skaiioateles,  N.Y.     During  the  civil   war 

lie  served  in  company 
K,  seventeenth  regi- 
ment Michigan  infan- 
try volunteers;  and 
was  wounded  in  the 
battle  of  the  wilder- 
ness. In  1897  he  was 
granted  a  medal  of 
honor  by  the  United 
Stales  congress  for 
(list  ingnisiied  services 
■  luring  the  sortie  in 
ISd:}  from  Fort  Saun- 
ders. He  has  been  su- 
|)erintendent  of  schools  in  Charles  City, 
Iowa ;  superintend«-nt  of  .schools  at  Winona, 
Minn.;  and  in  1879-98  was  president  of  the 


state  normal  school  at  Winona,  Minn.  In 
1893-98  he  was  secretary  and  since  1898 
has  been  permanent  secretary  of  the  na- 
tional   education    association. 

Shepard,  James  Henry,  educator,  chem- 
ist, author,  was  born  April  14,  1850,  in 
J^yons,  Mich.  Since  1888  he  has  been  chem- 
ist in  the  agricultural  experiment  station 
of  South  Dakota;  and  since  1901  has  been 
chemist  of  the  South  Dakota  pure  food 
commission.  He  is  the  author  of  Shep- 
ard's  Elements  of  Chemistry;  and  Notes  on 
Chemistry. 

Shepard,  Lillie  R.,  poet.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  Rays  of 
Light. 

Shepard,  Samuel,  clergyman,  was  born 
June  22,  1739,  in  Salisbury,  Mass.  While 
pastor  of  the  church  at  Brentwood  he  had 
the  oversight  of  several  other  churches  that 
were  branches  of  this  central  body.  He 
was  thus  a  sort  of  Baptist  diocesan  bishop. 
He  (lied  Nov.  4,  1815,  in  Brentwood,  N.H. 
Shepard,  Seth,  soldier,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, jurist,  was  born  April  23,  1847,  in 
Washington  county.  Texas.  He  was  private 
in  company  F,  fifth  Texas  mounted  volun- 
teers in  the  confederate  service  in  1804-60. 
In  1874  he  was  a  member  of  the  Texas 
state  senate.  He  was  regent  of  the  uni- 
versity of  Texas  in  188.3-91.  In  1869-93  he 
])iaciiced  law  in  Brenham,  Galveston,  and 
Dallas,  Texas.  In  1893  he  became  an  as- 
sociate justice;  and  since  1903  has  been 
chief  justice  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  the 
District   of  Columbia. 

Shepard,  Sidney,  manufacturer,  capital- 
ist, was  born  Sept.  28,  1814,  in  Coblesvillc, 
.\.Y.     In   1849  he  became  the  proprietor  of 

the  Shepard  iron 
works;  which  institu- 
tion also  became  one 
of  the  largest  import- 
ers of  tinplate,  man- 
ufacturers of  stamp 
melalware,  and  deal- 
ers in  hardware  and 
tinners'  supplies  in 
the  United  States.  He 
was  prominent  in 
railroad  affairs;  and 
for  many  years  a  di- 
rector in  the  Ala- 
bama Central,  the  Mobile  and  Ohio,  and  the 
New  Jersey  Central  railroads.  He  stead- 
fastly declined  the  candidacy  for  various 
ini|)orlant  public  offices.  In  1885  he  trans- 
ferred his  interest  in  the  Shepard  iron 
works  to  his  son,  C.  Sidnev  Shepard  of  New 
Haven.   N.Y. 

Shepard,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
liorn  .Nov.  5,  1005,  in  England.  He  was  a 
puritan  clergyman;  came  to  America  in 
1635;  and  in  1636-49  was  minister  of  what 
is  now  the  Shepard  church  in  Cambridge. 
]\o  was  the  atuhor  of  New  England's  Lam- 
entations for  Old  England's  Present  Er- 
rours;  The  Sound  Beleever;  The  Clear  Sun- 
shine of  the  Gospel;  Theses  Sabbaticae;  Sub- 


184 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


jcctiou  to  Christ;  The  Parable  of  the  Ten 
Virgins  Opened  and  Applied;  and  Autobi- 
ography. His  Sermons,  with  JNleraoir  by 
Alger,  were  printed  in  three  volumes  in 
1853.  He  died  Aug.  25,  1649,  in  Cam- 
iu'idgi'.   ]Mass. 

Shepard,  Thomas,  clergyman,  was  born 
April  5,  1635,  in  England.  In  1658-77  he 
was  assistant  pastor  of  the  Cambridge 
church.  He  published  an  election  sermon, 
and  edited  a  volume  of  Mescellaneous  ser- 
mons. He  died  Dec.  22,  1677,  in  Cam- 
bridge. ]\Iass. 

Shepard,  Thomas  Griffin,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  April  23,  1848,  in  Madi- 
son, Conn.  In  1888-99  he  was  organist  of 
the  church  of  the  redeemer  of  New  Haven, 
Corm.  He  was  for  some  years  conductor 
of  the  Nev/  Haven  oratorio  society,  a  cho- 
rus of  about  six  hundred.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Pennikeese,  or  Cuisine  and  Cupid, 
comic  opera;  a  Christmas  cantata.  The 
Word  ]\Iade  Flesh;  and  numerous  anthems, 
offertories,  and  sacred  songs. 

Shepard,  William,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  Dec.  31,  1737,  in  Westtield,  Mass. 
In  1754  he  volunteered  as  a  private  soldier 
in  defence  of  the  frontier  settlements 
agjiinst  the  incursions  of  the  French  and 
Indians.  In  1775  he  entered  the  colonial 
army  as  lieutenant-colonel;  and  took  part 
in  the  battles  which  led  to  the  surrender  of 
Burgoyne  in  1777.  In  1780  he  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  un- 
der General  Lafayette;  and  after  the  war 
was  a  brigadier-general  of  militia.  In  1785- 
86  he  was  a  representative  in  the  ]\Iassa- 
chusetts  legislature;  in  the  latter  year  was 
appointed  a  major-general,  and  in  the  same 
3'ear  was  summoned  from  his  farm  to  as- 
sume command  of  the  national  forces  at 
Springfield.  ]\Iass.,  on  the  outbreak  of  the 
Sliay  rebellion.  He  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1788  and  1792;  was  a  member  of  the 
state  executive  council  in  1792-96;  and  in 
1797-1803  he  was  a  representative  from 
Masaohusetts  to  the  fifth,  sixth  and  seventh 
congresses.  He  died  Nov.  11,  1817,  in  West- 
HeUI.  ilass. 

Shepard,  William  Biddle,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1799  in 
Newbvrne,  N.C.  In  1829-37  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the 
twenty-first,  twenty-second,  twenty-third 
and  twenty-fourth  congresses.  In  1838  he 
was  elected  to  the  state  senate,  where  he 
served  five  terms,  lie  died  June  20,  1852, 
in    Klizabetli   City.  N..T. 

Shepardson,  George  Defrees,  electrical  en- 
s'neer,  educator,  author,  was  born  in  1864 
in  Cincinnati,  Oliio.  Since  1891  lie  has  been 
professor  of  electrical  engineering  at  the 
university  of  Minnesota.  He  is  the  author 
of  Elecirical  Catechism ;  Electric  Train 
Light'ng;  and  numerous  ])apers  before  tech- 
nical   societies. 

Shepherd,  Alexander  Robey,  soldier,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  dan.  31,  1835,  in  Washing- 
ton,  D.C.      In    1873   he   was   appointed   the 


second  governoi-»of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia; and  remained  in  ofiice  until  the  form 
of  government  was  again  changed.  He  died 
Sept.    12,    1902.   in  Mexico. 

Shepherd,  Mrs.  E.  R.,  litterateur,  author. 
She  is  the  author  of  A  Supplement  to 
School  Physiology  For  Girls;  and  True 
Manhood. 

Shepherd,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Lee  Kirkland, 
actress,  author,  was  bprn  in  1860  in 
Georgia.  She  is  the  author  of  Boss,  a  Story 
of  Virginia  Life. 

Shepherd,  Frank,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1853,  in  Do- 
ver, Mich.  Since  1879  he  has  practiced 
law  in  Cheboygan,  Mich.;  in  1880-84  was 
prosecuting  attorney;  and  judge  of  probate 
in  1886-92;  and  in  1897-1900  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Michigan  state  legislature;  and 
since   1900  has  been  circuit  judge. 

Shepherd,  Henry  Elliott,  educator,  college 
Iiresident,  autlior,  was  born  Jan.  17,  1844,  in 
Fayetteville,  N.C.  He  was  elected  super- 
intendent of  public  instruction  for  Balti- 
more in  1875;  and  resigning  the  jjosition 
in  1882  to  assume  the  presidency  of  the 
college  of  Charleston,  S.C.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  History  of  the  English.  Language; 
and  is  editor  of  Appleton's  Historical  Read- 
er. 

Shepherd,  James  Edward,  lawyer,  educa- 
tor, was  born  July  21,  1847,  in  Mintons- 
ville.rVa.  In  1881  he  was  elected  judge 
of  the  superior  court;  and  in  1886-95  was  a 
justice  of  the  supreme  court,  the  last  five 
years  of  which  he  served  as  chief  justice. 
For  eight  years  he  \\as  a  professor  of  law 
at    the    university    of    North    Carolina. 

Shepherd,  James  Leftwich,  educator,  law- 
yer, jurist,  was  borii  July  22,  1860,  in  White 
IMains,  Ala.  He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lie  and  |)ri\ate  schools  of  Virginia;  and  at 
the  Texas  military  institute.  He  soon  ac- 
quired prominence  at  the  bar.  He  has  been 
professoi  of  mathematics  and  latin  at  the 
Texas  military  institute;  was  professor  of 
mathematics  at  the  state  agricukural  and 
mechanical  college  of  Texas;  and  was  pro- 
fessor at  the  Texas  German  and  English 
academy.  He  has  been  district  surveyor 
of  the  land  district  of  Texas;  and  was  pres- 
ident of  the  board  of  trustees  of  Colorado 
puljlic  schools  for  ten  years.  He  has  been 
county  attorney  for  Mitchell  county,  Texas. 
He  is  a  memoer  of  the  Texas  state  bar  as- 
sociation; a  member  of  the  knights  of 
pyihias  and  of  various  other  fraternal  and 
luvtriotic  orders.  Since  1900  he  has  been 
judge  of  the  thirty-second  judicial  district 
court  of  Texas,  and  is  now  serving  his  sec- 
ond  term    of    1904-08. 

Shepherd,  Nathaniel  Graham,  author,  was 
iioni  ill  1835  in  New  York  City.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  civil  war  he  became  a  war 
corres]>ondent  for  the  New  York  Tribune. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Dead  Druimiu'r- 
Boy;  Tlie  Koll-Call;  and  A  Summer  Remin- 
iscence. He  died  I\Iav  23.  1869.  in  New 
York  City. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1S5 


Shepherd;  Oliver  Lathrop,  soldier,  was 
born  Aug,  1."),  181."i,  in  Clifton,  Pa.  He 
served  in  the  Florida,  Mexican  and  civil 
wars;  and  in  18G3  was  brovetted  brigadier- 
general.  In  1870  he  was  retired  from  the 
I.rniy.  He  died  April  16,  1894.  in  New 
York    City. 

Shepherd,  Russell  Benjamin,  soldier,  was 
born  m  Maine.  In  18iJ2  he  was  lir^st  lieu- 
tenant-adjutant in  the  tirst  regiment  -Maine 
artillery;  and  in  1805  was  brevelted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  hon- 
orably mustered  out  in   18().'). 

Shepherd,  Theodosia  Burr,  seed  grower, 
linri.st.  ."iiginalur.  was  boin  Oct.  14,  1845, 
in  Keosauiiua.  Iowa.  In  1885  she  became 
engaged  in  growing  seeds;  and  was  called 
the  pioneer  Hower  seed  grower  of  Califor- 
nia. .She  created  new  varieties  of  plants; 
and  wrote  articles  on  llowers  and  lloral 
culture  for  ciurent  publications.  She  died 
in   I'MKi  in  \'entura.  Cal. 

Shepherd,  William,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  l)()rn  Dec.  1.  IT-'iT.  in  Massachusetts. 
lii  178.J  he  was  chosen  a  brigadier-general, 
having  fought  in  twenty-two  battles;  and 
wa>  subseiiuently  a  major-general  of  mil- 
it  a.  lie  was  a  representative  in  congress 
from  .Massachusetts  in  17!»7-180;i.  He  died 
Nov.  11.  1817.  in  WCstlield.  Mass. 

Shepherd,  William  Robert,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  .June  lii,  1871,  in  Charles- 
ton. S.C.  He  is  a  prof^'ssor  of  Columbia 
\iniversity.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
Proprietary  CJovernment  in  Pennsylvania; 
and  The  Battle  of  Harlem    Heights. 

Shepley,  Ether,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islaltrr.  I'niled  States  senator,  was  born 
-Nov.  2,  1789,  in  Groton.  Mass.  He  was  in 
the  Massachusetts  legislature  in  1819;  was 
a  member  of  the  convention  that  framed  the 
lirst  constitution  of  .Maine  in  182(1;  and  was 
for  thirteen  years  attorney  of  the  United 
States  for  Maine.  In  1833-37  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  .senator  from  Maine.  In  1836-48 
he  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Maine;  and  in  1848-55  was  chief 
justice.  He  died  .Jan.  15,  1877,  in  Portland. 
Maine. 

Shepley,  George  Forster,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  govfinor.  was  lioiii  .Ian.  1,  1819,  in 
Saco,  -Maine.  He  removed  to  i'ortland, 
Maine;  and  was  ap[)ointed  by  President 
i'olU  United  States  ilistrict  attorney,  which 
position  lie  held  until  18(il.  When  tiie  civil 
war  broke  out  he  became  colomd  of  the 
twelfth  .Maine  volunteers.  He  was  made 
brigadier-general;  and  was  military  gov- 
(  riior  of  Louisiana  in  18(>2-(i4.  lie  was  mil- 
itary governor  of  Kichmond  on  its  surren 
der  in  1865.  In  1871  he  was  United  State-, 
circuit  judge  of  the  first  circuit,  lie  diid 
.Fiil\    -ill.    1.S78.    in    Portland.    Maine. 

Shepley,  George  Foster,  designer,  archi- 
lect,  was  born  Nov.  7.  1860,  in  St.  Louis. 
.Mo.  .\mong  the  buildings  his  lirm  designed 
are  the  Ames  building,  cliamber  of  com- 
merce, southern  terminal  station,  m-w  con- 
gregational   house,   mercantile   buildings,  all 


of  Boston;  and  the  new  public  library 
and  tiie  art  institute  of  Chicago,  HI,  Ho 
died    in    19(1:!    in    Brookline,    ^lass. 

Shepley,  John,  lawyer,  legislator,  was 
born  Oct.  16,  1787,  in  Groton,  Conn.  He 
served  in  the  .Massachusetts  state  legisla- 
ture; was  a  member  of  the  convention  for 
amoiding  the  state  constitution;  and  in 
1825  went  to  Maine.  For  many  years  he 
was  reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Maine.  He  was  the  author  of 
-Maine  Rei)orts.  lie  died  Feb,  9,  1857,  in 
Saco,  iMaine. 

Sheplor,  Matthias,  congressman,  was 
born  ii'  Pennsylvania.  hi  1837-39  he  was 
a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  twenty- 
hfth  congi-ess.      Ill-  died  in  Bethlehem,  Ohio. 

Shepp,  Daniel  B.,  publisher,  author,  was 
born  -March  (i,  1863.  in  Berks  county.  Pa. 
He  is  a  ])ublisher  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and 
is  interested  in  street  railways.  He  is  the 
authcr  of  Shepp's  IMiotographs  of  the  World; 
Shepp's  Giant  Library;  and  Shepp's  Libra- 
IV  of   Fine  Art, 

Sheppard,  Francis  Henry,  naval  officer, 
author,  was  born  in  1846  in  .Missouri,  He 
is  a  retired  lieutenant-commander  in  the 
United  States  navy.  He  is  the  author  of 
Love  Alloat.  a  no\(d. 

Sheppard,  Francis  Marion,  physician, 
statesman,  was  born  Dec.  22,  1868,  in  iMon- 
ticello.  Miss,  -\fter  receiving  the  rudiments 
of  his  education  in  the  common  schools,  he 
attended  the  university  of  Louisville.  Ky., 
graduating  therefrom  in  1893.  He  is  a  not- 
ed physician  of  Waynesboro,  Miss.;  and  in 
1896-1900  was  a  representative  in  the  lower 
house    of    the    i\lississii)i)i    state    legislature. 

Sheppard,  Furman,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  21.  1823,  in  Bridget  on.  N..I.  He 
was  district  attorney  of  Philadelphia  in 
1868-71:  and  again  in  1874-77.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Constitutional  Text-Book; 
and  other  works.  He  died  Nov.  3,  1893.  in 
Philadclidiia,   Pa. 

Sheppard,  George,  journalist,  actuary, 
author,  was  born  .)an,  5,  1819,  in  England, 
In  1872-82  he  was  on  the  stall  of  the  New 
York  Times.  He  was  an  active  figure  in 
Canadian  politics.  He  was  the  author  of 
Glim])s-^  of  the  Far  West. 

Sleppard,   Isaac  A.,   manufacturer,   tinan- 

<i.  f.    wiis    lioni    .Inly    11.    1827.    in    (  umber- 

hnid  county.   N..I.      Me  was  e<lucated   in  the 

gramma  I'   schools.      In 

1S44  he  began  to  learn 

^^  ^^H        molding;        and        for 

tiii'ce  years  worked  in 
this     business.  In 

1831  he  was  one  of 
the  foiniders  of  the 
Sa\ings  and  buihling 
association  of  Phila- 
del|diia.  Pa.  in  1860 
he  was  oiu'  of  the  or- 
ganizers of  the  Exctd- 
sior  slo\'e  works  of 
Philadidjihia;   and   became  general   manager 


186 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


and  senior  partner.  In  18.58  lie  was  elect- 
ed to  the  .state  legislature;  and  served  three 
terms.  In  1870  he  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  national  security  bank;  and  in  1885 
became  jiresident  of  that  institution. 

Sheppard,  John  Hannibal,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  March  17,  1789,  in 
England.  In  1817-34  he  was  register  of 
prcjbate  for  Lincoln  county;  and  in  1842 
settled  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  occasional  poems;  of  Reminiscences 
of  tlie  Vaughan  Family;  and  The  Life  of 
Samuel  Tucker,  Commodore  in  tlie  Ameri- 
can Revolution.  He  died  June  25.  1873,  in 
Boston,    Mass. 

Sheppard,  John  Levi,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  13,  1852,  in  Blufl- 
ton,  Ala.  In  1879  he  began  the  practice  of 
law  at  Daingcrfield,  Texas;  was  district 
attorney  of  the  tilth  judicial  district  in 
1882-88;  and  in  1888-90  he  was  district 
judge.  In  1899-1903  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Texas  to  the  lifty-sixth  and  fifty- 
seventh  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
Oct.    11.    1902.    in    Eureka    Springs,    Texas. 

Sheppard,  Moses,  abolitionist,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  in  1771  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  took  an  active  interest  in  the  ciuestion 
of  American  slavery,  and  his  inlluence  pre- 
vented the  passing  of  a  law  to  banish  free 
negroes  from  Maryland.  His  fortune  was 
bequeathed  to  found  the  Sheppard  asyhun 
for  the  insane  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  died 
Feb.   1,    1857,   in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Sheppard,  Morris,  sovereign  banker,  con- 
grcssuian.  ^^as  born  Alay  28,  1875,  in 
VVheatville,  Texas.  He  entered  the  uni- 
versity of  Texas  in  1891,  taking  the  degrees 
of  A.B.  and  LL.B.  He  was  Columbus  day 
orator  at  the  university  of  Texas.  He  en- 
tered Yale  university  in  1897,  taking  the 
degree  of  LL.INI.  in  1898.  He  was  elected 
sovereign  banker,  or  national  treasurer  of 
the  Woodmen  of  the  world  in  1899,  and  re- 
elected at  Milwaukee  in  1903.  He  was 
elected  the  first  president  of  the  Texas  fra- 
ternal congress  at  Dallas  in  1901 ;  was  rep- 
resintative  of  Texas  fraternal  congress  in 
National  fraternal  congress  at  Milwaukee 
in  1903.  In  1902-11  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Texas  to  the  fifty-seventh,  fifty- 
eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and  sixty-first 
congresses.  Since  1913  he  has  been  United 
States  senator  fi-oin  Texas. 

Sheppard,  Nathan,  educator,  journalist, 
auihor,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1834,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  was  a  special  correspondent 
of  The  Cincinnati  Gazette  during  the  Fran- 
co-C.erman  war.  He  was  the  author  of 
Sliut  Up  in  I'aris  During  the  Siege;  Dar- 
winism Stated  by  Himself;  Before  an  Au- 
d'ence;  and  Saratoga  Chips.  He  died  Jan. 
24,  1888,  in  New  York  City. 

Sheppard,  Robert  Dickinson,  educator, 
wa>  biini  July  23,  1840,  in  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  a  i)rofessor  of  the  Northwestern  unixer- 
sity;  and  is  treasurer  of  the  (iarrett  bibli- 
cal institute. 


Sheppard,  Warren  W.,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  April  10,  1855,  in  Greenwich, 
N.J  His  works  include  the  paintings  Rest- 
less Sea;  Desdemona's  Palace,  Venice;  Zu- 
chelli  Garden;  Under  the  Southern  Cross; 
Trackless  Ocean;  Grand  Canal;  Venice;  and 
The  Sea. 

Sheppard,  William  B.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1903-07  he  v.as  United  States  district  at- 
torney; and  since  1907  has  been  judge  of 
the  United  States  district  court  for  the 
northern    district   of   Florida. 

Shepperd,  Augustus  H.,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  Surry 
countj',  N.C.  He  served  in  the  house  of 
commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1822-26; 
and  in  1827-39,  1841-43  and  1847-51  he  was 
a  representative  in  the  twentieth  to  the 
twenty-fifth,  twenty-seventh,  thirtieth  and 
thirty-first  congi-esses.  He  died  in  North 
Carolina. 

Shepperson,  Sister  M.  Fides  (Isabel),  ed- 
ucator, writer,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1807,  in 
Danville,  Pa.  She  received  the  degrees  of 
B.A.  and  M.A.  from  Dut^uesne  university  of 
Pittsburgh.  She  has  been  head  of  the  Eng- 
lish department  at  Mount  ilerey  academy; 
and  is  now  a  teacher  of  Latin,  history  and 
English  in  the  cathedral  high  school  of 
Pittsburgh.  She  is  a  writer  for  the  Pitts- 
1)1!  rgh  Sunday  Dispatch  of  a  series  of  his- 
torical sketches  under  the  lieadings  of 
Flashlights  of  History  and  Battles  of  Des- 
tiny. She  is  also  the  author  of  Cloister 
Chords    and    other    works. 

Shera,  John  Fletcher,  broker,  business 
man,  was  born  April  13,  1805,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  noted  for  his  skill  as  an  ac- 
countant. At  the  beginning  of  his  career 
he  discovered  an  error  of  one  million  dol- 
lars which  brought  opportunities  for  en- 
gagements with  many  prominent  firms. 

Sherburne,  Andrew,  sailor,  clergyman, 
was  born  Sept.  30,  1705.  He  became  a  bap- 
tist clergyman.  He  received  a  pension  for 
his  services  in  the  navy  during  the  revolu- 
tion. He  was  the  author  of  Memoii'S.  He 
(lied  in  1831,  in  Augusta,  N.Y'. 

Sherburne,  John  Henry,  government  offi- 
cial, author,  was  born  in  1794  in  Ports- 
mouth. N.H.  He  was  a  register  of  the  navy 
in  Washington,  D.C.  He  was  the  author  of 
Osceola,  a  tragedy;  Erratic  Poems;  Life  of 
John  Paul  Jones;  The  Tourist's  Guide  in 
Europe;  and  A  Suppressed  History  of  the 
Adiuinistiatioii  of  John  Adams.  He  died  • 
in    1S50   ill    l']nr()])e. 

Sherburne,  John  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist, 
coiigressinan,  was  born  in  1757  in  Ports- 
mouth. N.H.  In  1793-97  he  was  a  repre- 
senlative  from  New  llami)shire  to  the  third 
and  fourth  congresses;  was  United  States 
district  attorney  in  1803;  and  district  judge 
of  the  United  States  district  court  in  1803- 
30  He  (lied  Aug.  2.  1830.  in  Portsmouth, 
N.ll. 

Sherburne,  Moses,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
an    earlv    emigrant    to    Jliiinesota;    and    in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


187 


111     IS.!;]     h 


1853  was  appointed  an  associate  justice  of 
the  United  States  court  for  the  territory  of 
Minnesota,     lie  died  in  .Minnesota. 

Sheredine,  Upton,  congressman.  In  1791- 
93  he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland 
to  the  second  congress,  lie  died  in  Mary- 
land. 

Sherer,  William,  linancier.  was  born  Sept. 
3,  1837.  in  i;raiidenl)iirg.  Ky.  lie  is  an  ex- 
pert telh'r.  Since  1892  he  has  been  man- 
agi  r  of  a  New  York  clearing-house. 

Sheridan,  George  A.,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  22,  1840,  in  Millbury.  Mass. 
He  served  in  the  civil  war  in  the  union 
army  as  a  captain.  In  1807  he  was  slierid' 
of  Carroll  p.uish,  La.  In  1873-75  he  was 
a  representative  from  Louisiana  to  the  for- 
ty-third congress.  In  1878  he  was  ap- 
liointed  recorder  of  deeds  for  tiie  District 
of  Columbia. 

Sheridan,  Michael  Vincent,  soldier,  was 
bom  .May  24.  1840.  in  Somerset,  Ohio.  He 
is  the  youngest  brother  of  the  late  (Jenerai 
Philij)  H.  Sheridan.  He  served  in  the  civil 
war  and  became  second  lieutenant  in  180(5. 
In  1898  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
of  United  States  volunteers;  and  served  in 
the  Spanish-American  war.  In  1902  he  re- 
tired as  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  army. 

Sheridan,    Philip    Henry,    soldier,    author, 
wa^    born    .Manli    0.    1S;!1,    in    Albany,    X.V. 
le    graduated     from    the     United 
States    military   acad- 
emy.    During  the  civ- 
il    war     he     attained 
liigh    rank    as    a    sol- 
^tV  ^     ilier;  and  for  his  gal- 

*^  i.  ,— -  .viraS  lantry  was  made  a 
iiiajor-general  in  the 
United  Stales  regular 
army,  in  President 
Lincoln's  words:  For 
the  jjersonal  gallantry, 
military  skill,  and  just 
confidence  in  the  cour- 
age and  gallantry  of 
your  troops,  displayed  by  you  at  Cedar 
Run,  whereby,  under  the  blessing  of  Provi- 
dence, your  routed  army  was  reorganized, 
a  great  national  disaster  averted,  and  a 
lirilliant  victory  achieved  over  the  rebels 
for  till  third  time  in  pitched  battle  within 
ihiily  days.  In  1883  he  became  general-in- 
chicf  of  the  icgiilar  army,  being  the  nine- 
teenth commander  of  tlu;  United  Stales 
army.  He  died  .\ug.  5,  1888,  in  NoiKpiitt, 
Mass.;  and  the  same  year  his  Personal  .Mem- 
oirs     WiTr      Iilllili-.licd. 

Sheridan,  Wilbur  Fletcher,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  5,  1863,  in  Rossville, 
Ind.  In  1887  he  was  ordained  to  the  nn-th- 
odist  I'piscopal  ministry;  and  has  lillrd  jcis- 
tor;ttes  iii  Indiana.  .Michigan  and  Ken- 
tucky. Since  1904  he  has  been  pastor  of 
the  Blount  Vernon  place  nnthodist  episco- 
pal church  of  I?altimore.  ^Id.  He  is  the 
aullior  of  Talks  to   Probationers;    The  Sun- 


and    Life    of    Bishop 


day    Night    Service; 
Isaac  \\'ilsoii   .Joyce. 

Sheridan,  William  E.,  actor,  was  born 
June  1,  1839,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  attained 
a  national  reputation  through  the  world  as 
a  successful  tragedian.  He  died  May  3], 
1887. 

Sherley,  Joseph  Swaggar,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  28,  1871,  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.  Since  1891  he  has  practiced  law 
in  Louisville,  Ky.  In  1903-11  he  was  a 
repiesentative  from  Kentucky  to  the  tifty- 
eJghtii,  fifty-ninth,  sixtictli  and  si.Kty-hrst 
cont^resses   as   a   democrat. 

Sherley,  Swagar,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  28,  1871,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 
in  1889  he  graduated  from  the  Louisville 
male  high  school  as  B.A.;  and  in  1891 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Virginia 
with  the  aegree  of  B.L.  In  1891  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar.  In  1903-15  he  was  a 
reju'esentative  from  Kentucky  to  the  fifty- 
eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  six- 
ty-second and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Sherlock,  Charles  Reginald,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  12,  1857,  in  ilontrose, 
Pa.  In  1876  he  began  journalistic  work; 
and  in  1887-1900  was  editor  of  the  Syra- 
cuse Standard.  He  is  the  author  of  Your 
Uncle   Lew;    and   The   Red   Anvil. 

Sherman,  Andrew  Magoun,  soldier,  cler- 
gyman, autlior,  was  born  ^lay  5,  1844,  in 
Marshfield,  Mass.    He  was  educated   in   the 

public  schools  o  f 
Birmingham,  Conn.; 
and  also  received  pri- 
vate instruction.  In 
1862-65  he  served  as 
a  private  soldier  in 
the  United  Sates  vol- 
unteers. He  is  the 
author  of  Life  of  Cap- 
tain Jeremiah  O'Bri- 
en, Machias,  Me.; 
Phil  Carver,  a  Ro- 
mance' of  tlie  War  of 
1812;  Memorials  of 
Lydia  Whitney  Sherman;  Memorials  of 
Honorable  Joshua  S.  Salmon;  Historical 
]\Iorristown.  New  .Jersey,  the  Story  of  Its 
First  Century;  In  the  Lowlands  of  Louisi- 
ana in  1803;  and  a  series  of  historical  ar- 
ticles. 

Sherman,  Anthony  S.,  railroad  manager, 
linancier.  was  born  July  1,  1852,  in  New- 
port, K.I.  For  over  a  (pnirter  of  a  century 
lie  has  been  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
.Xewport  and  W'ickford  railroad  of  Rhode 
Island. 

Sherman,  Charles  Pomeroy,  lawyer,  au- 
ihor,  was  born  Dec.  0,  IS47.  in  Brooklyn, 
N.V.  Since  1881  he  has  pr;icticed  law  in 
I'hiladelpliia.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  .\ 
Bachelor's   Wedding  Trip. 

Sherman,  Buren  Robinson,  soldier,  law- 
yer,   jurist,    governor,    w;is    born    May    28, 


188 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1836,  in  Phelps,  N.Y.  He  received  his  edu- 
cation in  the  Union 
school  of  his  native 
city,  and  the  acade- 
my of  Elniira,  N.Y. 
During  the  war  he 
served  as  captain  in 
the  thirteenth  regi- 
ment Iowa  volunteer 
infantry,  and  was  se- 
verely wounded  at 
tlie  battle  of  Shiloh 
on  April  6,  1862.  He 
moved  to  Iowa  in 
1855,  first  to  Tama 
county,  tnence  in  1859  to  Benton,  where 
he  resided  at  the  time  of  his  election  as 
governor  in  1881.  He  served  with  distinc- 
tion as  governor  of  Iowa;  was  re-elected 
and  served  until  1885.  For  several  years 
he  was  a  clerk  of  the  district  court  of 
Benton  county;  then  served  as  county 
jvulge;  and  for  three  terms  during  1875- 
80  he  was  auditor  of  the  state  of  Iowa; 
stepping  directly  from  that  position  into 
the  executive  chair.  In  1882-86  he  was  the 
eleventli  governor  of  Iowa.  His  knowledge 
of  the  law,  and  liis  public  services  to  tlie 
state  admirably  qualiiied  liim  for  the  posi- 
tion of  governor;  and  he  was  always  found 
to  be  equal  to  great  emergencies.  He  died 
in    1004   in    Vinton,   Iowa. 

isj  erman,  Charles  Taylor,  .soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Feb.  .3,  1811,  in  Norwalk, 
Conn.  In  1866  he  became  one  of  the  first 
government  directors  of  the  Union  Pacific 
railroad  company;  and  in  1867  was  appoint- 
ed United  States  district  judge  for  the 
nortJiern  district  of  Oliio.  He  died  Jan.  1, 
1870,   in   Cleveland,   Ohio. 

Sherman,  Elijah  Bernis,  soldier,  lawyer, 
orator,  critic,  was  born  June  18.  1832,  in 
Fairfield,  Vt.  In  1860  he  graduated  from 
I\Iiddlebury  college;  and  he  has  received 
the  honorary  degrees  of  A.M.  and  LL.B. 
from  the  university  of  Chicago;  and  LL.D. 
from  Middlebury  college.  In  1861-62  he 
was  a  principal  of  Brandon  seminary.  In 
1862-63  he  served  as  lieutenant  in  the 
ninth  regiment  of  the  Vermont  infantry. 
In  1864  he  was  admitted  to  tlie  practice  of 
law;  and  in  1876-80  was  a  member  of  the 
Illinois  state  legislature.  In  1877-84  he  was 
lieutenant-colonel  and  judge  advocate  of  the 
first  brigade  in  the  Illinois  national  guard. 
In  1877-87  he  was  attorney  for  tlie  auditor 
of  public  accounts  of  Illinois;  and  in  1884- 
05  was  chief  supervisor  of  election  for  tlie 
northern  district  of  Illinois.  Since  18!>2  lie 
I'as  been  a  trustee  of  Middlebury  college; 
and  since  1897  has  been  master  in  chancery 
of  the  United  States  circuit  court.  He  has 
been  grand  master  of  the  Grand  lodge  of 
Odd  fellows  of  Illinois;  is  a  thirty-second 
degree  mason;  and  is  vice-president  of  the 
American  bar  association. 

Sherman,  Francis  Trowbridge,  soldier, 
was      born      in      Connecticut.       He      served 


throughout  the  civil  war  and  attained  the 
ranks  of  major  and  colonel.  In  1865  he 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers.   He  died  in   1905. 

Sherman,  Frank  Asbury,  soldier,  educa- 
tor, was  born  Oct.  4,  1841,  in  Knox,  Maine. 
In  1862-65  he  served  in  the  civil  war;  and 
lost  an  arm  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness. 
In  1870-71  he  was  an  instructor  in  math- 
ematics at  the  Worcester  polytechnic  in- 
stitute; and  since  1871  has  been  professor 
of  mathematics  at  the  Dartmouth  college. 
Sherman,  Frank  Dempster,  educator, 
author,  was  born  JMay  6,  1860,  in  Peeks- 
kill.  N.Y.  He  is  a  lyrist  of  New  York  City; 
and  adjunct  professor  of  architecture  at 
Columbia  university.  He  is  the  author  ot 
Madrigals  and  Catches;  Lyrics  for  a  Lute; 
Little-Folk  LA'rics;  and  New  Waggings  of 
Old    Tales. 

Sherman,  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  March  6,  1808,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 
In  1861-68  he  was  employed  in  the  United 
States  treasury  department  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. ;  and  served  as  judge  of  the  ter- 
ritorial court.  He  was  the  author  of  An 
Analytical  Digest  of  the  Laws  of  Marine 
Insurance  to  the  Present  Time;  The  Gov- 
ernmental History  of  the  United  States; 
ai  L  Slavery  in  the  United  States.  He  died 
March   28,    1870.    in    Washington,   D.C. 

Sherman,  Henry  Clapp,  educator,  scien- 
t.st,  author,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1875,  in  Ash 
Grove,  Va.  Since  1907  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  organic  analysis  at  Columbia 
university;  and  since  1904  has  lectured  on 
cliemistry  of  nutrition.  He  is  the  author 
of   Methods  of  Organic  Analysis. 

Sherman,  John,  clergyman,  was  born 
Dec.  26,  1613,  in  England.  He  was  chosen 
a  magistrate  of  Connecticut  colony.  In 
1644-85  he  was  pastor  of  the  congregation- 
al church  of  Watertown,  Mass.  He  pub- 
lishi'd  several  almanacs,  to  which  he  ap- 
jiended  pious  reflections.  He  died  Aug.  8, 
1(1S5,   in   Watertown,   INIass. 

Sherman,  James  Schoolcraft,  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  United  States,  was  born  Oct. 
24,    1855.   in   Utica,  N.Y.    He   was  educated 

. ,  .     in  preparatory  schools 

and  Hamilton  col- 
lege; studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  practiced 
until  1006.  He  is 
president  of  the  Uti- 
ca trust  and  deposit 
company  and  is  in- 
terested in  several 
other  busiiu'ss  enter- 
inises;  is  a  regular 
attendant  of  the 
Du  t  ch  r  e  f  ormed 

isurer  of  the  church, 
board  of  ti'ustees;  is 
of  the  Fort  Schuyler  club,  of 
Metropolitan  club,  of  Washing- 
ton, and  also  a  member  of  the  Royal  ar- 
canum and  of  the  Order  of  elks;   is  "a  trus- 


church    of 
and    chain 
a    member 
Utica.   the 


Utica. 
lan   of 


tre; 
its 


HERRJNGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


189 


tee  of  Hamilton  college,  which  gave  him 
the  degree  of  LL.D.;  is  also  a  member  of 
the  Union  league,  transportation,  and  re- 
publican clubs  of  New  York  City.  He  pre- 
sided over  the  New  York  state  conventions 
of  189.').  1000.  and  1908;  was  elected  mayor 
of  Ltica  in  1884;  delegate  to  the  republican 
national  convention  in  I8!I2;  was  chairman 
of  the  national  republican  congressional 
committee  in  1906;  has  made  frequent  ap- 
pearances in  campaigns,  not  only  in  his 
own  district  but  throughout  the  I'nited 
States.  In  1887-91  and  1893-1909  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the  tif- 
tieth,  fiftv-first,  fifty-third,  fifty-fourth, 
fifty-fifth. 'fifty-sixth,'  fifty-seventh,  fifty- 
eighth,  fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth  congresses 
as  a  republican.  In  the  course  of  his  twen- 
ty years'  service  lie  became  one  of  the 
prominent  members  of  the  house,  in  his 
last  term  being  i  member  of  the  committee 
on  rules.  His  principal  work,  however,  was 
done  on  the  committees  on  interstate  and 
foreign  commerce  and  on  Indian  aff'airs,  of 
the  latter  of  which  he  was  chairman.  He 
was  frequently  mentioned  for  speaker  of 
the  house,  but  never  made  an  active  can- 
vass for  the  place.  As  a  presiding  oflicer 
his  ability  is  recognized  in  both  branches 
of  congress.  He  was  elected  vice-i)residcnt 
on  the  ticket  with  William  H.  Taft,  and 
entered  ujion  the  duties  of  liis  oilice  in 
1909. 

Sherman,  Join,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1772  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  He  Mas 
a  unitarian  clergyman  of  Trenton  Falls, 
N.Y..  where  he  conducted  an  academy.  In 
1797-180.")  lie  was  a  congregational  minis- 
ter at  Mansfield.  Conn.  He  was  the  author 
oi  One  (iod  in  One  Person  Only,  the  first 
noteworthy  defense  of  unitarianism  in 
America:  Ihilosophy  of  Language  Illus- 
trated;, and  A  Descrijttion  of  Trenton  Falls. 
He  died  Aug.  2,  1828.  in  Trenton  Falls, 
N.Y. 

Sherman,  Jonn,  lawyer,  statesman.  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  congressman,  cabinet 
oiiicer,  was  born  ^lay  10,  182:5,  in  Lan- 
caster. Oiiio.  He  is 
of  Anglo-Saxon  an- 
cestry. ]\v  received 
:in  academic  educa- 
tion; studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  IMay  11.  1844. 
lie  was  a  delegate 
in  the  national  whig 
<onventions  of  1848 
mil  1852.  and  pro- 
sided  over  the  first 
reimblican  conven- 
tion in  Ohio  in  1855. 
In  18;);>-fil  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
thirty-fourth,  thirty-fifth  and  thirty-sixth 
congresses,  and  was  the  reimhlican  candi- 
date for  speaker  in  the  winter  of  18."))(- 
<i0.  In  1861-77.  18S1-87.  1887-97  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator.  In  1877-81  he  was  sec- 
retary  of    the    treasury.    He    was   president 


of  the  senate  from  1885  to  1887;  and  in 
1897-98  he  was  secretary  of  state.  He  was 
the  author  of  Recollections  of  Forty  Y'ears 
in  tile  House,  Senate  and  Cabinet;  and 
Selected  Speeches  and  Reports  on  Taxa- 
tion, 1859-78.  He  died  Oct.  22,  1900.  in 
Washington,  D.C. 

Sherman,  Judson  W.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1857-59  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Y'ork  to  the  thir- 
ty-fifth  congress.    He  died   in  New  Y'ork. 

Sherman,  Lucius  Adelno,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  28,  1847,  in  Douglas, 
Mass.  Since  1882  he  has  been  professor  of 
English  literature  in  the  university  of  Ne- 
braska. He  is  the  autlior  of  Analytics  of 
Literature;    and   What   is    Shakespeare. 

Sherman,  Philemon  Tecumseh,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  9,  1867,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  In  1888-89  he  was  an  alderman  of 
New  Y'ork  City.  He  is  the  author  of  In- 
side  the   ^lachine. 

Sherman,  Roger,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  was  born  April  19, 
1721,  in  Newton,  Mass.  He  was  judge  of 
the  county,  superior  and  supreme  courts 
for  a  period  of  twentj^-three  years.  In 
1774-84  he  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut 
to  the  continental  congress.  He  signed  the 
declaration  of  independence  in  1776,  and 
also  the  articles  of  confederation  and  the 
constitution.  In  1789-91  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Connecticut  to  the  first 
congress.  In  1791-9.3  he  was  LTnited  States 
senator.  He  died  July  2.3,  1793,  in  New 
Haven,  Conn. 

Sherman,  Roger  Minot,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  May  22,  1773,  in 
Woburn,  Mass.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Connecticut  general  assembly  in  1798;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1814- 
18.  He  was  a  judge  of  the  superior  court 
and  tlie  supreme  court  of  errors  in  1840-42. 
He  died  Dec.  30,  1844,  in  Fairfield,  Conn. 

Sherman,  Sidney,  soldier,  pioneer,  was 
born  in  ^laich,  1805,  in  Massachu.setts.  In 
1839  he  was  elected  major-general  of  the 
Texan  republic;  in  1842  he  served  in  its 
congress;  and  in  !S(;2-63  in  the  state  leg- 
islature. He  died  in  1S73  in  (ialvestoii. 
Ti  xas. 

Sherman,  Socrates  N.,  congressman,  was 
born  ill  \'eniioiit.  In  1861-63  he  was  a  ri'p- 
resentative  from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
seventh   congress.    He  died  in  New   Y'ork. 

Sherman,  Thomas  West,  soldier,  was 
iiorn  Mai-eli  2(i,  18)3.  in  Newport.  R.I.  He 
served  in  the  Florida.  Mexican  and  civil 
wars;  :uid  attained  tlie  rank  of  brigadier- 
general.  ![<•  died  Miiich  16.  1879.  in  New- 
port.  IM. 

Sherrard,  Thomas  Herrick,  forester,  au- 
thor, was  horn  .May  17,  1874.  in  lirooklyn. 
.Mich.  Since  1903  he  has  been  assistant 
forester  in  charge  of  forest  management  in 
the  United  States  department  of  agri- 
culture. He  is  the  author  of  A  Working 
Plan    for    Forest   Lands    in    South    Carolina. 


190 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Sherman,  William  Tecumseh,  soldii-r.  au- 
thor, cabinet  ollictT,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1820, 
in  Mansiield,  Ohio.  In  18G1  he  was  appoint- 
ed a  colonel  of  in- 
fantry in  tlie  United 
States  army  and 
conimanded  a  bris;- 
a(U'  at  Bull  Run.  He 
was  made  brifjadier- 
general  of  volunteers; 
■And  liad  command  of 
tlie  Kentucky  depart- 
ment. He  was  made 
major-f;eneral;  and 
in  18()4  made  one  of 
tlie  most  famous 
military  marches  of 
from  Atlanta  to  Sa- 
tliousand  men,  wliicli 
great  enterprise  soon  brought  the  war  to 
a  conclusion.  He  was  made  brigadier-gen- 
eral   in    tlie    United    States    army    in    1863 


modern 
vannah 


m  tlie  United  states  army  in 
major-general  in  1864.  lieutenant-general  in 
1866,  and  general-in-chief  of  the  army  in 
186!),  being  the  eighteenth  commander  of 
the  United  States  army.  In  1861)  he  was 
secretary  of  war.  He  was  one  of  the  rec- 
ognized comimmders  of  modern  times.  A 
jNleinoir  of  His  Life  and  Camjiaign  has  been 
published;  and  also  his  The  Military  Les- 
sons of  the  War.  He  died  Feb.  14,  1891,  in 
New  York  City. 

Sherred,  Jacob,  philanthropist,  was  born 
Jan.  23,  IT^e,  in  (4ermany.  Through  his 
ellorts  and  those  of  others  St.  Philip's 
protestant  episcopal  church  of  New  York 
City  was  built  as  a  place  of  w^orship  for 
colored  people;  and  he  contributed  gener- 
ously toward  its  support.  He  also  left  a 
large  sinn  to  the  orphan  asylum  in  New 
York  City.  He  died  March"  30,  1821,  in 
New  Y''ork  City. 

Sherrick,  Fannie  I.,  poet,  was  born  in  St. 
l>ouis.  Mo.  She  was  the  author  of  a  vol- 
ume of   poems   entitled   Star   Dust. 

Sherrill,  Eliakim,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  in  New  York.  In  1847-49  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
thirtieth  congress.  He  served  as  an  officer 
in  the  civil  war;  and  was  killed  at  the  bat- 
tle  of   (Gettysburg. 

Sherrill,  Miles  Osborne,  librarian,  jurist, 
statesman,  was  born  duly  26,  1841,  at  Sher- 
rill's  Ford,  Catawba  county,  N.C.  He  was 
educated  in  the  country  schools;  attended 
the  15.  institute  at  Taylorsville;  and  at- 
tended tlie  Catawba  high  school  at  Newton, 
N.C.  In  1861-65  he  filled  various  positions 
in  the  army  during  the  civil  war.  He  suc- 
cessfully engaged  in  farming  and  as  a  mer- 
chant; and  in  1868-82  was  judge  of  pro- 
bate and  clerk  of  the  superior  court  for 
Catawba  county,  N.C,  serving  for  fourteen 
years.  He  served  one  term  as  a  represen- 
tative in  tlie  North  Carolina  state  legis- 
lature; and  in  1884-85  and  1893-94  served 
two  terms  as  a  member  of  the  North  Caro- 
lina  state   senate.     For  four  years   he  was 


cashier  in  the  collector's  office,  internal  rev- 
enue, during  Cleveland's  first  administra- 
tion. He  is  identified  with  the  democratic 
party;  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  meth- 
odist  episcopal  chiu'ch  south;  has  repeatedly 
been  elected  a  delegate  to  the  annual  con- 
ferences;   and  was   also   elected   a   delegate 

his    church. 

librarian   of 


to    the    general    conference    of 
Since    1899   he   has   been   state 


Q 

^^^S^^^^^V^^^^.        ;1 

1 

I'M* 

Nortli  Carolina;  and  resides  in  Raleigh,  N.C. 
Sherrill,    Joseph    Elijah,    journalist,    cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Jan.   19,   1852,  in 
Putnam    county,    Ind.     Since    1878    he    has 

been  proprietor  of  the 
Normal  publishing 

house  of  Danville, 
Ind.  He  has  been  ed- 
itor of  The  Normal 
Teacher  since  1890; 
and  is  the  author  of 
The  Normal  Question 
Book.  He  is  well- 
known  throughout  the 
educational  world  as 
the  editor  of  The 
Normal  Teacher,  and 
for  his  valuable  con- 
tributions to  educational  literature. 

Sherrod,  William  C,  soldier,  planter, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.  17,  1835,  in  Courtland,  Ala.  He  serv- 
ed in  the  state  legislature  of  Alabama  in 
1859-60;  and  was  an  olTicer  in  the  confed- 
erate army  during  the  civil  war.  In  1869- 
71  he  was  a  representative  from  Alabama 
to  the  forty-first  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Shertzer,'  A.  Trego,  naval  olTicer,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  genealogist,  author,  was  born 
May  16,  1844,  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa. 
He  was  educated  at  Grinton  academy  and 
at  Belton  academy;  and  in  1869  graduted 
with  the  degree  of  M.D.  from  the  school 
of  medicine  in  the  university  of  Maryland 
at  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1862  he  entered  the 
medical  corps  of  the  United  States  navy; 
and  during  the  civil  war  was  in  the  South 
Atlantic  siprndron.  Later  he  was  fleet-sur- 
geon in  the  United  States  service  in  the 
West  Indies  and  in  South  America;  and 
in  1878  resigned  to  take  charge  of  the  gov- 
ernment liospital  for  disabled  veterans.  He 
has  a  successful  practice  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  History  of  the 
Trego   Family. 

Sherwin,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Feb.  6,  1852,  in  Erie  county.  Oliio.  For 
twelve  years  he  was  judge  of  the 
twelfth  district  court  of  Iowa;  and  since 
1900  has  been  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of   Iowa. 

Sherwin,  John  C,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  8,  1838,  in  Saint 
Lawrence,  N.Y.  He  was  twice  elected  coun- 
ty clerk  of  Kane  county,  111;  and  was  city 
attorney  of  Aurora.  He  served  three  years 
in  the  union  army  during  the  civil  war. 
In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative  from 
Illinois  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh 
as    a   republican. 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


191 


Sherwin,  Thomas,  educator,  author,  was 
born  March  20,  1791),  in  Wcstmorohind,  N. 
H.  He  was  a  noted  educator  of  Boston; 
and  master  of  the  high  school  in  1838-G9. 
He  was  the  author  of  treatises  on  algebra. 
He  died  Julv  23,  ISCt,  in  Dedham,  Alass. 

Sherwin,  Thomas,  soklier,  business  presi- 
dent, was  born  July  11,  1839,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  18(il  he  was  commissioned  first 
lieutenant  and  adjutant  in  the  twenty- 
second  regiment  Massachusetts  infantry; 
and  in  1805  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  United  States  volunteers  for  dis- 
tinguislied  gallantry  at  the  battle  of  Get- 
tysburg. He  is  president  of  the  New  Eng- 
land telephone  and  telegraph  company;  and 
president  of  the  southern  Massachusetts 
tch-phone   company. 

Sherwood,  Adiel,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1791,  in  Fort  Ed- 
ward, N.Y.  In  1841  he  was  elected  presi- 
dent of  Shurtleil'  college,  Alton,  111.;  in 
1848-49  was  president  of  the  Masonic  col- 
lege of  Lexington,  Mo.;  and  in  1857  went 
to  Georgia  and  became  president  of  Mar- 
shall college  at  Griliin.  He  was  the  author 
of  Gazetteer  of  Georgia;  Christian  and 
Jewish  Churches;  and  Notes  on  the  New 
Testament.  He  died  Aug.  18,  1879,  in  St. 
Louis.  Mo. 

Sherwood,  Andrew,  geologist,  author,  was 
born  July  10,  1848,  in  Mansfield,  Pa.  He 
was  connected  with  the  geological  surveys 
of  Ohio  and  New  York;  and  was  assistant 
state  geologist  in  the  second  geological 
survey  of  Pennsylvania.  He  had  charge 
of  the  Pennsylvania  mineral  exhibit  at 
the  World's  Columbian  exposition  at  Chi- 
cago in  1S93;  and  led  an  expedition  to  the 
Yukon  in  1898.  He  is  now  United  States 
deputy  mineral  surveyor  for  Idaho,  Ore- 
gon and  Arizona;  r.nd  is  the  author  of 
geological  r<'ports  and  maps  published  by 
the  state  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  songs,  sacred  and  sentimental,  sev- 
eral of  which  have  been  set  to  music  by 
such  eminent  composers  as  Root,  Towner 
and  Stebbins. 

Slerwood,  Henry,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  9,  1817,  in  Bridgeport.  Conn. 
He  devoted   himself  to  the  ])ractice   of   law 

during        twenty- four 

_  years;    and    in     1871- 

^1^^^^^  73    he    was    a    repre- 

^^^^^^^^  sentative   from   Penn- 

^^^^^  to    the    for- 

^M^b  ^^^^W  ty-si-co)i(l   congn-ss  as 

^^M  i»    di-mocrat.     He    at- 

t^         d^  tallied   ])romitience   as 

T*    v-'^^k  one    of    the    foremost 

^'        "i**^    -^^^  lawyers    of     I'cmisyl- 

vania;  is  also  noted 
as  an  eloquent  speak- 
er. ;iiid  ctmtributes 
valuable  articles  fo 
llw  leading  iH'Wspapers  and  magazini-s  of 
the  United  States. 


aherwood,  Edgar  Harmon,  soldier,  mu- 
sician, composer,  was  born  Jan.  29,  1845, 
in  Lyons,  N.Y.  In  1802-03  he  served  in  the 
union  army;  and  then  chose  music  as  his 
profession.  In  1895  he  was  national  music 
director  of  the  union  veterans'  union.  He 
has  published  over  one  hundred  composi- 
tions   for    pianoforte    and    for    voice. 

Sherwood,  Mrs.  Etnily  Lee,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  in  184;i  in  Indiana.  She 
is  a  \\'ashington  journalist.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of   Willis   Peyton,  a  novel. 

Ciherwood,  Isaac  R.,  soldier,  journalist, 
lawyer,  jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Aug. 
13,    1835.   in   Stanford,  N.Y.    He   established 

the  Williams  County 
Gazette  of  Bryan, 
Ohio;  and  in  1859 
was  elected  probate 
judge  of  Williams 
county,  which  posi- 
tion he  resigned  to 
enter  the  army  in 
1801.  He  was  com- 
missioned major  in 
1803;  was  promoted 
to  lieutenant-colonel 
in  1804;  and  com- 
manded his  regiment 
to  ti.c  close  of  tile  war,  receiving  a  brevet 
of  brigadier-general  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services.  He  has  been  a  leading 
Oiiio  journalist  since  the  war,  and  is  a 
reformer  of  the  independent  type.  He  was 
elected  secretary  of  state  for  Ohio  in  1808; 
and  re-elected  iii  1870.  In  1873-75  and  1907- 
11  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  fortj'-tliird,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty- 
second  and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He  is  the  author  of  a  volume 
entitled  Army  Grayback,  a  book  of  huiiior- 
ons  verse. 

Sherwood,  James  Manning,  clergyman, 
iounialist,  author,  was  boni  Sept.  29,  1814, 
in  Fishkill.  N.Y.  In  1883-90  he  was  editor 
of  the  Hoiniletie  Review  and  the  Mission- 
ary Review.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Plea 
for  tlie  Old  Foundations;  The  History  of 
the  Cross;  and  Books  and  Authors.  He 
died   Oct.   22,    1890.   in    Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Sherwood,  Mrs.  Kate  Brownlee,  journal- 
ist, autiioi-,  poet,  was  born  Sept.  24.  1S41, 
in  Poland,  Ohio.  She  is  a  poet  and  jour- 
nalist of  Toledo, 
Ohio;  and  has  been 
especially  successful 
as  a  writer  of  army 
lyrics  and  poems  for 
military  o  e  c  a  sions. 
She  is  the  author  of 
Cam])  Fire  and  Me- 
morial Poems;  iind 
Dream  of  the  Ages. 
She  has  been  editor 
of  the  woman's  de- 
pMitment  of  the  Na- 
tional Trihune,  |)nb- 
lished   iit    Wasliiiigton,    l).( '..   in    the    interest 


192 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


of  the  union  soldiers; -and  is  now  president 
of  tlie  Ohio  centennial  association. 

Sherwood,  John  D.,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  15,  1818,  in  Fishkill,  N.Y.  He 
served  with  the  army  of  the  Potomac  un 
til  tlie  close  of  the  war.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Comic  History  of  the  United  States; 
and  The  Case  of  Cuba.  He  died  April  30, 
1891.  in  Englewood,  N.J. 

Sherwood,  Margaret  Pollock,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1864,  in  Ballston, 
N.Y.  Since  1889  she  has  been  a  college 
instructor;  and  since  1898  associate  pro- 
fessor of  English  literature  at  Wellesley 
college  of  Massachusetts.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  An  Experiment  in  Altruism;  A 
Puritan  Pohemla;  Henry  Worthington, 
Idealist:    and    The    Princess   Pourquoi. 

Sherwood,  Mrs.  Mary  Elizabeth,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  about  1830  in  Keene, 
N.H.  She  was  the  author  of  The  Sarcasm 
of  Destiny;  A  Transplanted  Rose;  Ameni- 
ties of  Plonie;  Home  Amusements;  Man- 
ners and  Social  Usages;  Royal  Girls  and 
Royal  Courts;  Sweet  Brier;  Roxobel;  and 
The  Art  of  Entertaining.  She  died  in  1903 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Sherman,  Lawrence  Y.,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  Nov.  8,  1858,  in  Miami 
county,  Ohio.  In  1905-1909  he  was  lieuten- 
ant governor  of  Illinois.  In  1913-15  he  was 
a  United  States  senator  from  Illinois. 

vSherwood,  Rosina  Emmet,  illustrator, 
artist,  was  born  in  1854  in  New  York  City. 
He  has  received  medals  from  many  expo- 
sitions; and  is  a  member  of  the  American 
water  color  club;  and  other  clubs  and  so- 
cieties. He  is  an  associate  national  aca- 
demician. 

Sherwood,  Samuel,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  New  York.  In  1813-15  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
thirteenth  congress.  He  died  Nov.  8,  1862, 
in  New  York  City. 

Sherwood,  Samuel  B.,  congressman,  Avas 
born  in  1767  in  Connecticut.  In  1817-19  ho 
was  a  representative  from  Connecticut  to 
the  fifteenth  congress.  He  died  April  27, 
1833,  in  Saugatuck,  Conn. 

Sherwood,  Sidney,  educator,  scientist,  au- 
tlior,  was  hovfi  May  28,  1860,  in  Saratoga 
county,  N.Y.  He  was  professor  of  political 
economy  in  Johns  Hopkins  university  of 
Baltimore,  Md.  He  was  the  author  of  His- 
tory and  Theory  of  Money.  He  died  in  1901 
in   Baltimore.   jNId. 

Sherwood,  Thomas  Adiel,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  June  2.  1834,  in  Eatonton,  Ga. 
In  1872-1902  he  was  a  justice  of  th(>  su- 
preme court  of  Missouri;  and  in  1891-1903 
was  chief  justice  of  tliat  court. 

Sherwood,  Thomas  R.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1882-87  he  was  associate  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  of  Michigan;  and  in 
1887-89  he   served   as  chief  justice. 

Sherwood,  William  H.,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  .Ian.  31,  18^4,  in  Lyons,  N. 


Y.    He  is  a  concert  and  recital  pianist  and 

lecturer  and  a  teach- 
er of  music  and  com- 
poser, and  recogniz- 
ed as  a  representa- 
tive American  pian- 
ist. He  is  the  author 
of  Music  Study  and 
the  Mutual  Relations 
of  Interpretation  and 
Technic.  He  has  also 
contributed  valuable 
compositions  to  vari- 
rious  current  publi- 
cations and  standard 
books  of  music. 

Sherzer,  Jane,  educator,  author,  college 
president,  was  born  in  Franklin,  Ohio. 
Since  1905  she  has  been  ju'ofessor  of  Eng- 
lish and  president  of  Oxford  college  for 
women  in  Ohio.  She  is  the  author  of  Tlie 
He  of  Ladies. 

Shew,  Joel,  physician,  author,  was  born 
Nov.  13,  1816,  in  Providence,  N.Y.  He  was 
a  hydropathic  physician  of  New  York 
state.  He  was  the  author  of  Hydropathy, 
or  the  Water  Cure;  Cholera  Treated  by 
Water;  and  The  Hydropathic  Family  Phy- 
i^ician.  He  died  Oct.  6,  1855,  in  Ovster 
Bay,  N.Y. 

Shibley,  George  Henry,  business  man, 
lawyer,  sociologist,  founder,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  4,  1861,  in  Randall,  Wis.   He  was 

educated  at  the  Un- 
ion college  of  law; 
and  at  the  university 
of  Chicago.  He  is  a 
student  and  writer  on 
the  money  question, 
monopoly  problem, 
referendum  and  ini- 
tiative. In  1899  he 
founded  the  bureau 
of  economical  r  e- 
search ;  and  founded 
the  National  initia- 
tive and  referendum 
He  is  the  author  of  Elements  of 
Law,  Tlie  Money  Question;  The  Monopo- 
ly Question;  Outline  of  Social  Evolution; 
The  L'nivcrsity  and  Social  Problems;  The 
Trust  Problem  Solved;  and  The  People's 
Rule  in  Place  of  Machine  Rule. 

Shiel,  George  K.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  about  1815  in  Ireland. 
In  1854-61  he  practiced  law  in  Salem,  Ore. 
In  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
Oregon  to  the  thirty-seventh  congress.  He 
died   Dec.    14,    1893,  "in   Salem,  Ore. 

Shields,  Benjamin  G.,  congressman,  dip- 
lomat. In  1841-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  Alabama  to  the  twenty-seventh  con- 
gress. In  1845-50  he  was  charge  d'affaires 
to  Vencv.uela. 

Shields,  Charles  Woodruff,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, autlior,  was  born  April  4.  1825,  in 
Nc'w  Albany,  Ind.  He  was  an  episcopal  cler- 


league 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


193 


gyinan;  and  professor  of  the  harmony  of 
science  and  revealed  religion  at  Princeton 
college  since  I8G0.  He  is  the  autlior  of  The 
Presbyterian  Book  of  Common  Prayer  Ac- 
cording to  the  Revision  of  the  Westminster 
Divines:  Philosophia  Ultima,  or  Science  of 
the  Sciences;  The  Order  of  the  Sciences; 
Religion  and  Science  in  Their  Relations  to 
Philosophy;  Essays  on  Church  Unity;  The 
Historic  Ki)iscopate;  The  Question  of  Uni- 
ty; and  The  United  Church  of  the  United 
S'tates.  He  died  in  1904  in  Princeton, 
N.J. 

Shields,  Ebenezer  J.,  congressman,  was 
horn  in  Georgia.  In  1835-39  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Tennessee  to  the  twenty- 
fourth  and  twenty-fifth  congresses.  He 
died  May  20,  1846,  in  Pulaski,  Tenn. 

Shields,  G.  0.,  soldier,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1846,  in 
Batavia,  Ohio.  He  founded  Recreation  of 
New  York  City;  and  now  publishes  Shield's 
JIaga/ine.  In  1898  he  organized  the  league 
of  .\nierican  sportsmen;  and  was  president 
of  same  in  1898-1909.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Big  (iamc  of  Nortli  America;  Cruis- 
ings  in  the  Cascades;  American  Game  Fish- 
es; Hunting  in  the  Great  West;  The  Amer- 
ican liodk  of  the  Dog;  Camping  and  Camp 
()utfit.-<:    and   The    Battle   of   the    Big    Hole. 

Shields,  James,  congressman.  In  1829-31 
he  was  a  representative  from  Oliio  to  the 
twenty-lirst  congress.  He  died  July  17, 
IS.U,   in    Butler  county,  Ohio. 

Shields,  James,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
•jovernor,  United  States  senator,  was  born 
in   1810  in  Ireland.    In   1836  lie  was  elected 

a  member  of  the  llli- 

^^^^^^  nois     legislature;  was 

^^flHI^L  elected  auditor  of  the 

^^m-  ^^  state  in  1839;   and  in 

^^v  ^^         1843     was     appointed 

fW      i^flft    IfSr         J^"^^S^  ^^  ^''^'  supreme 
"^  '"'  court    of    Illinois.     In 

1845  he  was  appoint- 
ed commissioner  of 
the  general  land  of- 
fice in  the  depart- 
ment of  the  interior 
at  Washington.  At 
the  commencement 
of  the  Mexican  war  he  was  appointed  brig- 
adier-general in  the  United  States  army; 
and  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  brevet 
major-general.  In  1848  he  was  appointed 
governor  of  Oregon  territory;  ami  in  1849- 
55,  1S57-59  and  1877-79  was  United  States 
senator  from  Illinois.  He  8ubse(|uently 
took  up  his  residence  in  the  territory  of 
Minnesota.  He  subsequently  settled  in 
Missonri.  He  died  June  1,  1879,  in  Ottum- 
wa,  Iowa. 

Shields,  John  C,  lawyer,  jurist, 
he    was   ap|)ointed    chief   justice   of 
preme    court    of    the    territory    of 


In   1885 

tln!     SU- 

Arizona 

for    the    term    of    four    years;    resided    at 
Prescott,   Ariz. 

Shields,   John   K.,   lawyer 
was    born    Aug.    15,     1858, 


jurist,  senator, 
in     Ciinchdale, 


Tenn.  In  1892-94  he  was  chancellor  of  the 
twelfth  chancery  division  of  Tennessee; 
and  in  191)2  was  elected  an  associate  jus- 
tice of  tlie  supreme  court  of  Tennessee  for 
tlie  term  ending  in  1910.  Since  1913  he 
lias  been  United  States  senator  from  Ten- 
nessee. 

Shields,  Mary,  philanthropist,  was  born 
Jan.  12,  1820,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  was 
active  in  benevolent  work;  and  bequeath- 
ed one  million  four  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars for  charitable  purposes.  She  died  Oct. 
8,   1880,   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Shields,  Moses,  stone  dealer,  business 
president,  was  born  April  24,  1853,  in 
Wales.  He  attended  the  parochial  schools 
in  Wales  and  Tallmadge  academy  of  Tall- 
madge,  Ohio.  Since  1874  he  has  been  a 
stone  dealer  of  Nicholson,  Pa.;  and  is  presi- 
dent and  treasurer  of  the  Moses  Shields 
stone  company.  He  is  vice-president  of  the 
Lackawana  company;  a  director  of  the  Shif- 
ler  novelty  works;  and  a  director  of  the 
Nicholson  light,  heat  and  power  company. 
In  1905-06  and  1907  he  represented  Wyom- 
ing county  in  the  Pennsylvania  legislature; 
and  served  as  a  member  of  the  state  capi- 
tol  investigation  commission.  In  1908  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  state  senate 
tor  a  torin  of  four  years. 

Shine,  Francis  Eppes,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Jan.  13,  1871,  in  St.  Augustine, 
Fla.  In  1901-02  he  was  instructor  of  sur- 
gerj'  in  the  medical  department  of  Cornell 
university.  He  is  chief  surgeon  to  the  El 
Paso  and  Southwestern  railroad;  and  chief 
surgeon  to  the  Copper  Queen  consolidated 
mining  comiiaiiy  of  Bisbee,  Ariz. 

Shields,  Patrick  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  May  16,  1773,  in  York  county, 
Va.  In  1808  he  was  commissioned  judge 
of  Harris  county,  Ind.  He  fought  in  the 
battle  of  Tippecanoe;  and  his  house  was 
often  the  headquarters  of  the  territorial 
authorities.  In  1816  he  was  a  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  at  Corydon; 
and  held  judicial  oOices  until  the  time  of 
liis  deatli.  He  died  June  6,  1848,  in  New 
Albany.  Ind. 

Shields,  Mrs.  Sarah  Annie,  litterateur, 
author.  Siie  is  the  author  of  Parlor  Cha- 
rades and  Proverbs;  Laws  and  Bj-Laws  of 
American  Society;  The  Art  of  Dressing 
Well ;  Almost  a  Woman ;  and  Sunshine  for 
Rainy   Days. 

Shields,  William  Bayard,  lawyer,  jurist. 
He  was  an  early  emigrant  to  Mississippi; 
and  in  1818  was  api)ointed  district  judge 
of  the  United  States  court  for  the  district 
of   Mississippi.    He   died   in  ^lississippi. 

Shields,  Robert,  banker,  poet,  was  born 
Nov.  21,  1825,  in  lAlinburgh,  Scotland.  He 
took  part  in  the  first  surveys  of  the  Jlil- 
wankee  and  Prairie  du  Ciiien  railway, 
wliieli  is  now  known  as  tlie  Milwaukee  and 
St.  Paul  railway.  In  1861  he  organized  the 
bank  of  Neenah,  which  four  years  later 
bi'caine  the  National  bank  of  Neenah,  of 
which   he   is  president.    He   lias   been   presi- 


194 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


dent  of  the  city  public  library  since  its 
commencement.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Story  of  the  Token  as  Belonging  to  the 
Sacrament    of    the    Lord's    Supper. 

Shillaber,  Benjamin  Penhallow  (Mrs. 
Partington),  journalist,  author,  was  born 
July  12,  1814,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.   He  was 

a  journalist  of  Bos- 
ton; and  once  widely 
known  as  a  humorist, 
whose  latest  years 
were  spent  in  Chel- 
sea, Mass.  He  was 
the  author  of  Life 
and  Sayings  of  Mrs. 
Partington;  Parting- 
tonian  Patchwork; 
M  r  s.  Partington's 
Mother  Goose ;  Ike 
Partington  Stories ; 
Lines  in  Pleasant 
Places;  Wide  Swath,  a  volume  of  collected 
poems;  Rhymes  witli  Reason;  Cruises  with 
Captain  Bob;  and  The  Double-Runner  Club. 
He  died  Nov.  25,  1890,  in  Chelsea,  Mass. 

Shimeall,  Richard  Cunningham,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  in  1803  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  who 
adopted  reformed  Dutch  tenets  in  1834; 
and  subsequently  became  a  presbyterian. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  End  of  Prelacy; 
Christ's  Second  Coming;  Prophetic  Career 
and  Destiny  of  Napoleon  IH;  Unseen 
World;  and  Political  Economy  of  Prophe- 
cy. He  died  March  19,  1874,  in  New  York 
City. 

Shimer,  Frances  A.  Wood,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Aug.  31,  1826,  in 
:\Iilton,  N.Y.  She  was  the  founder  and  pres- 
ident of  the  Mount  Carroll  seminary  and 
conservatory  of  music  of  Mount  Carroll, 
111.,  which  institution  she  founded  in  1852. 
She  died   in  :\Iount  Carroll,  111. 

Shimmell,  L.  S.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  1852  in  Quakertown,  Pa.  In  1886 
while  superintendent  of  the  schools  at 
Huntingdon,  he  established  the  School  Ga- 
zette, which  he  has  edited  ever  since.  Since 
1893  he  has  been  instructor  in  the  high 
school  of  Harrisburg,  Pa.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Pennsylvania  Citizen;  A  His- 
tory of  Pennsylvania;  and  Our  State  and 
Nation. 

Sbindler,  Mrs.  Mary  Stanley  Bunce,  lit- 
terateur, poet,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1810,  in 
Beaufort.  S.C.  She  was  the  author  of  The 
Northern  Harp;  The  Southern  Harp;  The 
Parted  Family,  and  Other  Poems;  The 
Temperance  Lyre;  and  several  prose  works, 
including  Cliarles  Martin,  or  the  Young 
I'atriot;  The  Y^oung  Sailor;  Forecastle 
Tom;  and  A  Southerner  Among  the  Spir- 
its. She  died  in  1883  in  Nacogdoches, 
Texas. 

Shine,  John  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
A|)ril  3,  1861,  in  Courtland,  Ontario,  Can- 
ada. When  about  a  year  old  he  with  his 
parents   moved   to   Port   Austin,  Mich.    He 


received  his  primary  schooling  at  the  high 
school  of  Port  Crescent,  Mich.,  and  after 
finishing  his  education  took  up  the  study 
of  the  law.  In  1888  he  located  in  Sault 
Ste.  Marie,  Mich.;  and  continued  the  study 
of  the  law,  and  was  called  to  the  bar  in 
1890.  He  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice 
01  his  profession  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie  where 
he  enjoys  a  large  and  lucrative  practice. 
He  has  been  connected  with  some  of  the 
most  important  cases  tried  in  the  state 
and  federal  courts  of  that  state.  He  served 
three  terms  as  corporation  counsel  for  the 
city,  and  many  of  the  most  wholesome  and 
beneficial  legislation  of  the  city  was  fram- 
ed and  enacted  at  his  suggestion.  He  has 
traveled  extensively  in  the  Holy  Land  and 
Egypt  and  other  Mediterranean  countries. 
Shinn,  Asa,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
:May  3,  1781,  in  New  Jersey.  In  1833,  when 
the  Pittsburgh  conference  was  formed,  he 
was  chosen  president.  He  was  the  author 
ot  Essay  on  the  Plan  of  Salvation;  and 
Benevolence  and  Rectitude  of  the  Supreme 
Being.  He  died  in  February,  1853,  in  Brat- 
tleboro,  Vt. 

Shinn,  Charles  Howard,  author,  was  born 
April  29,  1852,  in  Austin,  Texas.  In  1890- 
1901  he  was  inspector  of  the  California  ex- 
periment station;  and  was  head  forest 
ranger  of  the  United  States  department  of 
the  interior.  He  is  the  author  of  Mining 
Camps,  a  Study  in  American  Frontier 
f Government;  The  Story  of  the  Mine;  and 
California    Rural   Handbook. 

Shinn,  Earl,  journalist,  author,  was  born 
in  1837  in  Pennsylvania.  He  was  a  New 
York  journalist;  and  at  one  period  art 
critic  of  The  Nation.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  New  Hyperion;  From  Paris  to  Marly 
by  Way  of  the  Rhine;  and  Studies  in  Mod- 
ern French  Art. 

Shinn,  Everett,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Nov.  6.  1873.  in  Woodstown,  N.J.  He  has 
exhibited  at  general  exliibitions  and  at  his 
own  exclusive  exhibition  in  New  Y'ork  gal- 
leries. He  painted  the  mural  decorations 
for  the  Stuvvfsant  theater  of  New  York 
City. 

Shinn,  Florence  Scovel,  designer,  illus-  - 
trator,  was  born  in  1874  in  Camden,  N.J.  . 
Slie  is  the  wife  of  Everett  Shinn  of  New 
York  City.  Since  1897  she  has  been  en- 
gaged as  an  illustrator.  She  has  illustrated 
The  Flight  of  Pony  Baker;  The  New  Boy 
at  Dale;  Lovey  Mary;  and  Mrs.  Wiggs 
of  the  Cabbage  Patch. 

Shinn,  George-  Wolfe,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  14.  1839,  in'  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  Since  1875-1906  he  was  rector  of  Grace 
churcli  of  Newton,  Mass.  He  is  the  author 
of  Friendly  Talks  About  Marriage;  IMan- 
ual  of  the  Prayer  Book;  Manual  of  Church 
History;  Questions  about  Our  Church  His- 
tory: Questions  that  Trouble  Beginners  in 
Religion;  Stories  for  Christmas  Time;  and 
Some  Modern   Substitutes   for  Christianity. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


195 


Shinn,  Milicent  Washburn,  journalist,  au- 
thor, WHS  bom  April  lo,  1858,  in  Niles,  Cal. 
In  1883-U4  she  was  editor  of  the  Overland 
Montiily.  She  is  the  author  of  Notes  on 
the  Development  of  a  Child;  and  The  Bi- 
ogra])hy  of  a  T?abv. 

Shinn,  William  N.,  farmer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  New  Jersey.  In  1833-37  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  to 
tlie  twenty-third  and  twenty-fourth  con- 
■  rr.'sscs.    lie   tlicil   in   New   Jersey. 

Shinn,  William  Powell,  civil  engineer, 
was  born  May  4.  1834,  in  Burlington.  N. 
.J.  Sinee  188G  he  has  been  vice-president 
of  the  New  York  and  New  England  rail- 
road company.  In  1873-79  he  had  charge 
of  the  construction  and  management  of 
the  Edgar  Tiiompson  steel  works  in  Pitts- 
burgh,   Pa. 

Shipherd,  John  J.,  founder,  was  born 
March  28,  1802,  in  West  Granville,  N.Y. 
He  was  the  founder  of  Oberlin  college.  He 
died   in   1844   in  Oberlin,   Ohio. 

Shipherd,  Zebulon  R.,  congressman,  was 
1)1)111  ill  Washington  county,  N.Y.  In  1813- 
15  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  thirteenth  congress.  He  died  in 
Moriah.  N.Y. 

Shipley,  George,  educator,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  .March  13,  1867,  in  Balti- 
more. Md.  Since  1897  he  has  been  editor 
of  the  Baltimore  American.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Tlie  Oenitive  Case  in  Anglo-Saxon. 

Shipley,  George  F.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  the  United  States  circuit 
court   sometime  prior  to   1884. 

Shipman,  Benjamin  Johnson,  lawyer,  au- 
tlior.  was  Ixnn  Sept.  2!i.  18.')3,  in  Haddam, 
Conn.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  St. 
Paul.  Minn.  He  is  the  author  of  Common 
Law  Pleading;  Equity  Pleading;  and  Prac- 
fici-    and    rnnn-;,    Minnesota. 

Shipman,  George  Ellas,  physician,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  March  4,  1820,  in  New 
York  City.  In  1846  he  removed  to  Chi- 
cago, where  he  ,soon  had  a  large  and  lu- 
crative practice.  In  186")  he  became  editor 
of  the  United  States  Medical  and  Surgical 
.Tournal;  and  the  next  year  published  The 
Hom.eopathic  fJuide.  He'  di<'(l  Jan.  20,  1893, 
in   (liicago.   III. 

Shipman,  Louis  Evan,  journalist,  author, 
was  l)orn  Aug.  2.  lS(i9,  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 
He  is  editorial  writer  on  Leslie's  Weekly; 
and  is  a  crjiitributor  to  Life  and  Collier's 
Weekly.  He  is  the  author  of  Urban  Dia- 
logues; A  Croup  of  American  Theatrical 
Caricatures;  D'Arcy  of  the  Guards ;  Pre- 
dicanicnts;    On    Parole;    and    Tlu?    A<lmiral. 

Shipman,  Nathaniel,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
Icgi.slntnr.  wiis  born  -Aug.  22,  IH28,  in  South- 
bury,  Conn.  In  1851  he  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  the  law  at  Hartford.  Conn; 
was  a  representative  in  the  state  legislature 
in  1S.")7:  and  was  exeeutive  secr<"tary  of 
(Joverncir  William  A.  Buckingham  in  IH^S- 
62.  In  1873-92  he  was  United  States  dis- 
trict judg<'  for  the  district  <if  Connecticut; 
and    in    18!)2    became    United    States    judge 


for  the  second  circuit.  He  died  in  1906  in 
Hartford,   Conn. 

Shipman,  William  Davis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  burn  Dec.  29,  ISIS,  in  Chester,  Conn. 
In  1853  he  was  sent  to  the  Connecticut 
state  assembly;  and  in  18.53-67  served  as 
united  States  district  judge  for  Connecti- 
cut. He  died  Sept.  24,  1898,  in  Astoria, 
N.Y. 

Shipp,  Albert  Micajah,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1819,  in 
Stokes  county,  N.C.  He  was  professor  of 
theology  in  Vanderbilt  university  in  1874- 
87.  He"  was  the  author  of  The  History  of 
Methodism  in  South  Carolina.  He  died  in 
1SS7   in   Soiitli   Carolina. 

Shipp,  Bernard,  poet,  was  born  April  30, 
1813,  near  Natchez,  Miss.  He  is  the  author 
of  Fame,  and  Other  Poems;  and  Progress 
of  Freedom,  and  Other  Poems. 

Shippen,  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1699 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of    Pennsylvania. 

Shippen,  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Feb.  10,  1729,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was 
judge  of  the  admiralty  court  for  the  prov- 
ince; in  1791-99  was  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania;  and 
in  1799-1806  was  chief  justice.  He  died 
April   16,   1806,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Shippen,  Edward,  lawyer,  diplomat,  was 
born  Nov.  16,  1821.  He  was  for  many 
years  a  member  of  the  board  of  public 
education  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and  in  1864- 
69  was  its  president.  He  has  been  a  dele- 
gate to  several  national  educational  con- 
ventions. He  is  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  teachers'  institute  and  of  the  teachers' 
benevolent  association  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  chief  of  the 
( ducation  department  of  the  sanitary  com- 
mission. During  the  centennial  exposition 
in  1876  he  was  the  president  of  tlie  Ciiilian 
commission.  He  is  the  president  of  the 
art  club  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  con- 
sul at  Philadelphia  for  the  Argentine  Re- 
public. Chili,  and  Ecuador;  and  has  iilled 
tiiese  posts  for  many  years.  Several  of 
his  addresses  on  educational  subjects  have 
been   ]iublislied. 

Shippen,  Edward,  medical  director,  author, 
was  burn  June  18.  1S26.  in  New  .Jersey. 
In  184.')  he  graduated  from  Princeton;  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  A.M.  from  that  insti- 
Intion;  and  received  the  degree  of  M.D. 
Iruiii  the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  In 
1849  he  was  ajipointed  as  assistant-sur- 
geon in  the  I'nited  States  navy;  and  in 
ISdl  was  commissioned  surgeon.  In  187ti 
he  was  promofe'l  medical  director  with  the 
rank  of  rear-admiral  and  was  retired  in 
1888.  His  ])rincipal  naval  service  was  in 
China,  on  tlie  coasts  of  Africa  and  South 
.\iiierica;  and  was  four  years  in  the  Euro- 
|ieaii  squadron,  i)art  of  it  as  fleet  surgeon, 
lie  was  on  the  Congress  when  destroyed  by 
till'  Merrimac;  was  attached  to  the  New 
Ironsides  in  both  the  battles  of  Fort  Fisher; 
and    was    at    Bermuda    Hundred,    defending 


196 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Grant's  right  flank.  He  has  been  chief 
medical  oflicer  of  the  Naval  academy  at 
Annapolis;  was  fleet  surgeon  of  the  Euro- 
pean squadron;  and  for  seven  years  was 
in  charge  of  the  naval  hospital  of  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Thirty 
Years  at  Sea;   and  A  Christmas  at  Sea. 

Shippen,  Joseph,  educator,  lawyer,  was 
born  Sept.  10,  1839,  in  Meadville,  Pa.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  and  private 
schools;  at  Allegheny  college  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  graduated  from  Harvard  uni- 
versity with  the  degree  of  A.B.  and  A.M. 
He  was  commissioned  by  the  state  of  Penn- 
sylvania to  visit,  relieve  and  report  as  to 
sick  and  wounded  Pennsylvania  soldiers 
in  the  civil  war.  He  was  agent  and  sec- 
retary of  the  United  States  sanitary  com- 
mission for  western  Pennsylvania  at  Pitts- 
burg. For  one  year  he  taught  in  a  higli 
school  of  Worcester,  Mass.;  and  was  mas- 
ter in  chancery  of  the  United  States  cir- 
cuit court  for  the  eastern  district  of  Mis- 
souri. 

Shippen,  Rush  Rhees,  educator,  clergy- 
man, was  born  Jan.  18,  1828,  in  Meadville, 
Pa.      He     attended    the    Allegheny     college 

where  he  received  the 
degrees  of  A.B.  and 
A.M.;  and  in  184!) 
graduated  from  the 
Theological  school  of 
Meadville,  Pa.  For  a 
while  was  engaged  in 
educational  work.  In 
1849-57  he  Avas  pastor 
of  the  First  unitarian 
church  of  Chicago. 
111.;  and  in  1858-71  of 
the  Unity  church  of 
Worcester,  Mass. 
Then  for  ten  years  he  was  secretary  of 
the  American  unitarian  association.  In 
1881-95  he  was  a  pastor  of  All  Souls  churcli 
of  Washington-,  D.C. ;  in  1895-1905  was  pas- 
tor of  the  Unity  church  of  Brockton,  Mass.; 
and  later  preached  in  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Shippen,  William,  physician,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  1,  1712,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  junto,  and  aided 
in  founding  the  Pennsylvania  hospital,  of 
which  he  was  the  physician  in  1753-1778. 
In  1778-80  he  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  continental  congress.  He  died 
Nov.  4,   1801.   in   Germantown,   Pa. 

Shippen,  William,  physician,  lecturer,  was 
born  Oct.  21,  1736,  in  Philadelphia.  In 
1762  he  entered  on  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and  in  the 
same  year  began  the  first  course  of  lec- 
tures on  anatomy  that  was  ever  delivered 
in  this  country.  He  died  July  11,  1808,  in 
Germantown,    Pa. 

Shiras,  Alexander  Eakin,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  10,  1812.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  A  large 
share  of  the  credit  for  the  manner  in  which 
the  national  armies  were  supplied  during 
the  civil  war  is   due  to  him.     At  the  close 


of  the  war  he  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  and  major-general,  United  States 
army.  He  died  April  14,  1875,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Shiras,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Jan.  26,  1832,  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.  He  was 
once  a  candidate  for  the  United  States 
senate.  He  practiced  law  successfully  in 
Pittsburg  until  1892;  and  in  1892-1903  was 
an  associate  justice  of  the  United  States 
supreme  court. 

Shiras,  George,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  1,  1859,  in  Alle- 
gheny, Pa.  Since  1883  he  has  been  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law.  In  1889-90  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  state  legis- 
lature. In  1903-05  he  was  a  republican  rep- 
resentative irom  Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty- 
eighth  congress. 

Shiras,  Oliver  Perry,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, author,  was  born  Oct.  22,  1833,  in  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.  He  removed  to  Dubuque,  Iowa; 
and  was  there  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856, 
He  was  aide  and  judge  advocate  on  the 
staff  of  General  Herron  in  the  army  of 
the  frontier  in  1862-63;  and  in  1882-1903  he 
was  United  States  district  judge  for  the 
northern  district  of  Iowa.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  Equity  Practice  in  Circuit  Courts 
of  United  States. 

Shirk,  Joseph,  mechanic,  inventor.  He 
was  the  inventor  of  Colt's  revolver  and  a 
grain  cradle.  He  died  in  1902,  in  East  Earl, 
I'a. 

Snirk,  Milton  Smith,  educator,  clergyman, 
(ollege  president,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1818, 
in  Butler  county,  Ohio.  For  over  sixty 
years  he  was  engaged  as  a  teacher  in  the 
various  grades  of  school ;  and  for  over  fifty 
years  was  engaged  in  the  ministry  in  vari- 
ous cities,  and  at  the  Coliseum  Place  Bap- 
tist church  of  New  Orleans,  La.  He  was 
president  of  the  Pearl  River  institute;  pres- 
ident of  the  Amite  female  seminary  of  Mis- 
sissippi; and  president  of  the  Shreveport 
university  of  Louisiana. 

Shirlaw,  Walter,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Aug.  6,  1838,  in  Scotland.  He  first  exhibited 
at  the  National  academy  in  1861;  and  sub- 
sequently decided  to  devote  himself  alto- 
gether to  art.  He  was  elected  an  academi- 
cian of  the  Chicago  academy  of  design  in 
1868;  and  in  1888  became  a  member  of 
the  National  academy  of  design. 

Shirley,  John  Milton,  lawyer,  legislator, 
iuithor,  was  born  Nov.  16,  1831,  in  Sanborn- 
lon,  N.H.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature in  1859-60;  and  was  postmaster  of 
Andover  in  1856-69.  He  Avas  the  author  of 
The  Early  Jurisprudence  of  New  Hamp- 
shire; Complete  History  of  the  Dartmouth 
College  Case;  and  Reports  of  Cases  in  Su- 
preme Judicial  Court.  He  died  May  21,  1887, 
in  Andover,  N.H. 

Shirley,  Moses  Gage,  farmer,  poet,  was 
born  May  15,  1865,  in  Goffstown,  N.H. 
He  is  a  farmer  in  the  place  of  his  nativity. 
He  is  the  author  of  A  Book  of  Poems. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


197 


Shirley,    Paul. 
Dec.    19,    1820, 


.,  naval  officer,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  18.39,  he 
entered  the  United  States  navy;  and  was 
fleet  captain  of  the  north  Pacific  squadron. 
In  1869-70  he  was  in  charge  of  the  receiv- 
ing ship  Independence  at  Mare  Island. 
He  died  Nov.  24,   1876,  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Shirley,  William,  soldier,  colonial  gover- 
nor, aiitlior^  was  born  in  1693,  in  England. 
He  was  a  noted  colonial  soldier;  and 
planned  the  conquest  of  Cape  Breton.  He 
was  colonial  governor  of  Massachusetts  in 
1740-57.  He  was  the  author  of  Electra,  a 
tragedy;  The  Birth  of  Hercules,  a  masque; 
Letter  to  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  with 
Journal  of  the  Siege  of  Louisburg;  and 
The  Conduct  of  General  Shirley  Briefly 
Stated.  He  died  March  24,  1771,  in  Rox- 
bury.   !Mass. 

Shively,  Benjamin  F.,  educator,  lawyer, 
congressman,  senator,  was  born  March  20, 
18.57,  in  St.  Joseph  county,  Ind.    In  1874-80 

he  taught  school;  and 
then  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism. He  was  elect- 
ed to  the  forty-eighth 
congress  to  fill  a  va- 
cancy. In  1887-9.3  he 
was  a  representative 
from  Indiana  to  tlie 
fiftieth,  fifty-first  and 
fifty-second  congress- 
es as  a  democrat. 
Since  1909  he  has 
been  United  States 
senator  from  Indiana. 
Shober,  Francis  E.,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  March  12,  1831, 
in  Salem,  N.C.  In  1853  he  located  in 
Salisbury,  N.C.  In  1862  he  was  elected 
to  tlie  state  assembly  as  a  conservatiA^e, 
and  continued  in  tliat  position  until  the 
close  of  the  war.  He  subsequently  served 
one  session  in  the  the  state  senate.  In  1869- 
73  he  was  a  representative  from  North  Car- 
olina to  tlie  lorty-first  and  forty-second  con- 
gresses. He  was  acting  secretary  of  the 
United  States  senate  in  1881-83. 

Shober,  Francis  E.,  educator,  clergyman, 
journalist,  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  24, 
i860,  in  Salisbury,  N.C.  For  some  years 
he  was  engaged  in  the  ministerial  and  edu 
cational  work  in  Dutchess  county,  N.Y. ; 
tlien  entered  journalistic  work;  and  for  ten 
yc-ars  was  on  the  editorial  staflf  of  the  New 
York  World.  In  1903-0.1  he  was  a  demo- 
cratic representative  from  New  York  City 
(it    the    (iffy-eigliOi    congress. 

Shober,  Gottlieb,  clergyman,  manuf^ic- 
(urer.  philantiiropist,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1756. 
in  Betlilelum,  Pa.  Tie  built  tlie  first  paper 
mill  south  of  the  Potomac.  He  was  a 
founder  of  tiie  genera!  synod  of  the  Lu- 
theran church,  of  wiiicli  he  was  president 
in  1825.  In  1825  he  was  a  director  of  the 
theological  institution  which  adopted  meas- 
ures for  tlie  formation  of  the  seminary  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  to  which  he  left  three  thou- 


sand acres  of  land.     He  died  June  27,  1838, 
in  Salem,  S.C. 
Shock,  William  Henry,  naval  officer,  was 


horn   June    15, 
January,  1845, 


and   Management. 


1821,   in   Baltimore,  Md.     In 
he  entered  the  United  States 
naval      service.        He 
served  under  Commo- 
dore Perry  during  the 
Mexican  war;  and  un- 
der    Admiral     Farra- 
,  gut    during    the    civil 
war.     In  1877  he  was 
appointed       engineer- 
in-cliief  of  the  United 
States  navy;   and  re- 
tired   in    June,    1883. 
He    is    the    author   of 
Steam    Boilers,   Their 
Design,     Construction 
He   died  Dec.   18,   1905, 
in   Washington,   D.C. 

Shoemaker,  Charles  Chalmers,  business 
man,  author,  was  born  !March  2,  1860,  in 
West  Newton,  Pa.  He  is  manager  and 
treasurer  of  the  Pennsylvania  publishing 
company  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  Holiday  Entertainments;  Humor- 
ous Dialogues;  and  One  Hundred  Choice 
Selections. 

Shoemaker,  George  Washington,  manu- 
facturer, inventor  was  born  Dec.  14,  1861, 
near  Williamsport,  Pa.  Having  mechan- 
ical ability,  he  made  various  improvements 
in  his  father's  woolen  mill;  and  in  1886 
invented  a  ring-machine,  by  which  wool 
spinning  may  be  carried  on  continuously. 

Shoemaker,  Henry  Francis,  soldier,  bank- 
er, railroad  president,  born  Marcli  28,  1845, 
in  Schuylkill  county.  Pa.    He  served  in  the 
,  civil   war   as    lieuten- 

ant in  tlie  twenty- 
seventh  regiment 
Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers. In  1887  he  was 
elected  president  of 
the  Mineral  Range 
railroad;  in  1889 
president  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati, Dayton  and 
Ironton  railroad;  and 
in  1888  he  bouglit  a 
large  interest  in  tiie 
Cincinnati,  Hamilton 
and  Dayton  railroad,  and  later,  witli  otliers, 
became  one  of  the  dominant  spirits  in  the 
company  and  was  made  chairman  of  its 
executive  committee.  He  has  been  success- 
ful in  his  undertakings  and  is  now  president 
of  (lie  Dayton  and  Union  and  the  Cincin- 
nati, Dayton  and  Ironton  railroads.  He 
was  also  at  one  time  engaged  in  the  min- 
ing of  hituminous  coal  in  the  Kanawlia 
valley.  WA'a. 

Shoemaker,  Henry  Wharton,  banker,  dip- 
lomat, author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  24, 
ISSI,  nnd  is  tiie  son  of  Henry  F.  and 
Blanche  (i)iiiggle  Shoemaker.  He  was  edu- 
cated   in    Dr.    Lyon's    classical    school    of 


19S 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


New  York;  and  in  1901  graduated  from 
Columbia  college.  In  1901-03  he  was  private 
secretary  to  chairman  of  the  B.  C.  H.  V.  D. 
railway.  In  1903  he  was  secretary  to  the 
American  legation  at  Lisbon,  Portugal;  and 
in  1904  was  third  secretary  to  the  American 
embassy  at  Berlin,  Germany.  Since  1905 
he  has  been  a  member  of  the  banking  liouse 
of  Shoemaker  and  Bates  of  New  York  City. 
Since  1905  he  has  also  been  president  of  the 
Herald  publishing  company  of  Jersey  Shore, 
Pa.;  and  is  a  constant  contributor  to  maga- 
zines. He  is  the  author  of  Immaterial 
Verses;  Random  Thoughts,  in  verse;  and 
Wild   Life   in   Pennsylvania. 

Shoemaker,  Jacob  W.,  educator,  inventor, 
artist,  author,  was  born  April  18,  1842, 
in  West  Overton,  Pa.  He  received  a  thor- 
ough education  in  the  public  and  private 
schools  of  his  native  state.  He  was  the 
founder  and  president  of  the  National  school 
of  elocution  and  oratory  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  died  May  15,  1880,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  His  wife,  Rachel  H.  Shoemaker,  is  an 
instructor  and  principal  of  tlie  National 
school  of  elocution  and  oratory. 

Shoemaker,  John  Vietch,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  March  18,  1852,  in 
Chambersburg,  Pa.  He  was  educated  at 
Dickinson  college  of  Carlisle,  Pa.;  and  at 
the 


1819.    in 


Jell'erson  medical  college  of  Philadel- 
jdiia.  Pa.  He  was  surgeon-general  of  the 
Pennsylvania  national  guard.  In  1874-86  he 
was  connected  Avith  the  faculty  of  the 
Jefferson  medical  college  as  lecturer  on 
anatomy;  and  was  afterward  professor 
of  materia  medica  and  therapeutics  at  the 
medico-chirurgical  college  of  Philadidphia, 
Pa.  Since  1879  he  has  been  editor  of  the 
Medical  Bulletin;  and  was  one  of  its  found- 
ers. He  is  the  author  of  Poisons  and  Anti- 
dotes; A  Treatise  on  Materia  Medica  and 
Therapeutics;  A  Text-book  on  Diseases  of 
tlie    Skin;    and   other   works. 

Shoemaker,  Lazarus  D.,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  5, 
Kingston,  Pa.  He  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools; 
and  in  1840  graduat- 
ed from  Yale  imiver- 
sity.  He  studied  law; 
and    began    the    prac- 

>4*  "-^ttis^  '^WS  ^^^^  ^^  ^"'^  profession 
W^  ^^  :^^  =^t  Wilkesbarre,  Pa. 
•*,    ;  i  ^M^    In    1860-68   he   was   a 

member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania state  senate; 
and  illled  other  posi- 
tions of  trust  and 
honor.  In  1871-75  he 
was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty-second  and 
forty-third  congresses  as  a  republican.  Dur- 
ing the  forty-third  congress  he  served  as 
cliaiiinan  of  the  committee  on  revolutionary 
];i'nsions.  and  served  on  the  committee  on 
claims. 

Shoemaker,    Michael   Myers,   author,   was 
born  June  26,  1853,  in  Covington,  Ky.     He 


;ind 

been 

and 


is  the  author  of  Eastward  to  the  Land  of 
Morning;  The  Kingdom  of  the  White  Wo- 
man, a  volume  of  Mexican  travel;  Trans- 
Caspia,  tlie  Sealed  Provinces  of  the  Czar; 
islands  of  the  Southern  Seas;  Quaint  Cor- 
ners of  Ancient  Empires;  and  Palaces  and 
Prisons  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots. 

Shoemaker,  Rachel  Hinkle,  elocutionist, 
educator,  founder,  author,  was  born  Oct.  1, 
1838.  in  Plumstead,  Pa.     She  attended  the 

state  normal  school 
of  Millersville,  Pa., 
and  later  specialized 
in  elocution,  platform 
delivery,  German, 
French  and  literature. 
She  is  the  wife  of  J. 
\V.  Shoemaker.  In 
1 880  she  established 
since  then  haa 
an  instructor 
principal  of  the 
National  school  of 
elocution  and  oratory 
(if  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  is  the  author  of 
Dclsartian  Pantomimes;  and  Advanced  Elo- 
cution. She  has  compiled  fifteen  volumes 
of  Best  Selections;  two  volumes  of  Young 
Folks'   Recitations   and   Class  Dialogues. 

Shoemaker,  Robert  M.,  mechanic,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1815,  in  Mo- 
hawk, N.Y.  He  was  a  railroad  surveyor; 
and  was  chief  engineer  of  the  Mad  River 
and  Lake  Erie  raihoad;  and  chief  engineer 
of  the  Little  Miami  railroad.  In  1870  he 
constructed  the  Cincinnati  and  Springfield 
railroad;  and  became  president  of  that 
corporation.     He  died   in   Ohio. 

Shoemaker,  William  Lukens,  philologist, 
I'oet,  was  born  July  19,  1822,  in  Georgetown, 
D.C.  He  is  of  Quaker  descent.  He  gradu- 
ated in  medicine  but 
never  practiced  his 
profession.  His  poems, 
bird  songs,  transla- 
tions from  the  Ger- 
man of  Heine  and 
others,  are  distin- 
guished by  rare  per- 
fection of  form  and 
melody.  He  is  best 
known  for  his  Sweet- 
heart Bird  Song,  set 
to  music  by  Balfe, 
the  English  composer. 
As  a  linquist  and  poet  he  holds  a  masterly 
rank. 

Sholes,  Charles  Clark,  journalist,  state 
senator,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1816,  in  Norwich, 
Conn.  In  1847  he  settled  in  Kenosha,  Wis.; 
of  which  place  he  was  several  times  mayor. 
He  has  freqiiently  represented  Kenosha 
county  both  in  the  assembly  and  state 
senate;  and  in  one  session  was  chosen 
speaker  of  the  former  body.  He  died  Oct. 
5,    1867,    in    Kenosha,   Wis. 

Sholes,  Christopher  Latham,  journalist, 
inventor,  was  born  Feb.  14.  1819,  in  Moores- 
burg,   Pa.     In   addition    to   his    work   as    a 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


199 


journalist,  which  has  been  his  profession 
when  not  holding  office,  he  has  interested 
himself  in  inventions,  the  most  important 
of  which  is  the  typewriting  machine  that 
was  introduced  through  the  firm  of  E. 
Remington  and  Sons.  In  1873  this  inven- 
tion passed  into  the  hands  of  the  Reming- 
tons for  manufacture,  since  which  time 
many  minor  improvements  have  been  added 
to  it,  increasing  its  usefulness.  He  died 
Feb.   17,   ISOO.  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Shell,  Anna  McClure,  writer,  author,  was 
boin  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Law  of  Life;  and  The  Port  of 
Storms. 

Shonk,  George  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  April  20,  18.50,  in  Plymouth,  Pa. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Luzerne 
county.  Pa.,  in  187(5;  and  has  practiced  his 
profession  at  Wilkesharre  since.  In  1891- 
93  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-sec- 
ond congress  as  a   repul)lican. 

Shonts,  Theodore  Perry,  railroad  presi- 
dent, government  official,  was  born  ilay  5, 
1S5().  in  Crawford  county,  Pa.  In  1876  he 
went  into  the  banking  business  at  Center- 
ville.  Iowa:  and  for  four  years  practiced 
law.  In  1882  he  became  engaged  in  rail- 
way construction;  and  for  some  years  was 
chief  owner  of  the  Indiana,  Illinois  and 
Iowa  railroad.  He  is  president  of  the  To- 
li'<h)  and  western  railway:  |)resident  of  the 
rnlcrborough  metropolitan  system;  and 
president  of  the  Chicago  and  Alton  railway. 
Shope,  Simeon  P.,  laAvyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Dec.  ..J,  1837,  in  Akron,  Ohio.  He  taught 
in  the  district  schools;  and  practiced  law 
in  Metamora  and  Lewiston.  111.  In  1877- 
8;)  he  was  judge  of  llie  circuit  court  for  the 
tenth  Illinois  circuit;  and  in  .1885-94  was 
judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  of  Illi- 
nois. Since  1894  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Ch  cago.    III. 

Shorey,  Paul,  educator,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  3,  1857,  in  Davenport,  Iowa. 
In  1S71  he  graduated  from  the  Chicago  high 

school ;  and  received 
the  degjce  of  A.B. 
from  Harvard  univer- 
sity. He  was  a  stu- 
dent at  the  universi- 
ties at  Leipsig  and 
I'.onn;  and  in  1882-83 
look  a  course  of  class- 
ical studies  in  Ath 
ens.  Hf  has  received 
(lie  honorary  degrees 
of  Ph.D.  from  the  un- 
ivcrs-ty  of  Munich; 
and  LL.D.  from  Iowa 
he  was  admitted  to  the 
In  18.S5-92  he  was  pro 
ffssor  of  (irctk  at  Uryn  Mawr  college;  and 
siiicf  1802  lias  been  jirofessor  of  (ireek  and 
lirad  of  tilt-  depart  iiicnt  at  (he  university 
of  Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of  'Ihe  Idea 
of    Good     in     Plato's     Republic;     the    Udits 


college. 
practic(r 


In    1 
of    h 


881) 
w. 


and   Epodes   of   Horace;    and   the   Unity   of 
Plato's    Thouglit. 

Short,  Charles,  educator,  college  president, 
author,  was  i)orn  May  28,  1821,  in  Ilaver- 
liill,  Mass.  In  18tJ3  he  became  .seventh  pres- 
ident of  the  Kenyon  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  On  the  Order  of  Words  in  Attic- 
Creek  Prose;  and  Mitchell's  Ancient  Ge- 
ograpliv.  He  died  Dec.  24,  I88t5,  in  New 
York  C'ity. 

Short,  Alfred,  manufacturer,  legislator, 
was  born  «Ian.  I.  1847,  in  Sharon,  Pa.  He 
attended  the  Richburg  academy,  the  Friend- 
ship academy,  and  th'i 
Alfred  academy,  in 
the  state  of  New 
York.  He  is  a  suc- 
cessful manufacturer 
of  North  East,  Pa.; 
has  been  mayor  of  his 
citj^,  and  president  of 
the  school  board.  In 
1878-79  he  served 
with,  distinction  as  a 
member  of  the  state 
assembly  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. In  1880  he  was 
democratic  candidate  for  congress.  In  1888 
he  was  a  delegate  to  the  democratic  nation- 
al convention  at  St.  Louis;  and  has  always 
taken  an  active  part  in  political  affairs.  He 
is  president  of  tlie  People's  Savings  insti- 
tution of  Erie  county,  and  president  of  the 
I'^ureUa  Tempered  Copper  works  of  North 
I'^ast,   Pa.  r 

Short,  Charles  Wilkins,  educator,  botan- 
ist, autlior,  was  born  Oct.  (!,  1794,  in  Wood- 
ford county,  Ky.  In  1838  he  moved  to  Louis- 
ville Ky..  where  he  was  associated  with  sev- 
eral others  in  founding  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  Hie  university  of  Louisville;  and  con- 
tinued to  iiold  a  chair  in  that  institution 
until  1849.  He  then  devoted  himself  to  the 
collection   of   plants   and    (lowers;    and   with 


Dr.    Robert    Peter   and    Henrv   A. 


Griswold, 
He    died 


prepared    Plants    of    Kentucky. 
.March  7,  1S(!3.  in  Louisville,  lvj\ 

Short,  Oscar  Jackson,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  .Ian.  15,  18(n,  in  Buena  N'ista, 
(ja.  He  practiced  medicine  at  Manhat- 
len,  N.Y.;  and  was  for  three  years  physi- 
cian and  surgeon  at  the  Manliatten  ear  and 
eye    liospital. 

Short,  William,  dijilomat,  was  born  Sept. 
3l>,  175!),  in  Spring  (iarden,  ^'a.  In  1792 
he  was  commissioner  ]denii»()tent'arv  to 
(ri'at  with  tlie  Spanisli  government  concern- 
ing the  l'"lorid:i  and  .Mississi|)pi  ixiundaries, 
tile  navigation  of  the  Mississippi,  commer- 
cial privileges  and  other  open  (juestions.  In 
1794  he  concluded  (he  ni'go(  ia(  ions,  which 
resulted  in  (he  (rea(v  of  fri(n(|shi|i.  He  died 
Dee.   5.  1849.  in  Pliiladeliihia.  I'a. 

Shortall,  John  George,  humanitarian,  was 
born  Sept.  20.  IS.JS,  in  Ireland.  He  en- 
teied  iipoii  the  liusiiiess  of  making  records 
of  abstracts  of  tide  to  lands  in  Cook  conn- 
t)',   III.      He  did   great    -service   in    the  collec- 


200 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


tion  and  preservation  of  liis  valuable  ab- 
stracts of  title.  For  ten  years  lie  was  di- 
rector and  foi  three  terms  president  of  the 
Chicago  public  library.  He  is  president  of 
the  Illinois  humane  society,  and  is  asso- 
ciated with  the  national  and  state  humane 
associations. 

Shorter,  Eli  S.,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  March  15,  1823,  in  Monticello,  Ga.  In 
1843  he  graduated  from  Yale  college;  and 
practiced  law  at  Eufaula,  Ga.  He  was  also 
engaged  as  a  planter.  In  1855-59  he  was  a 
representative  from  Alabama  to  the  thirty- 
fourth   and  thirty-fifth   congresses. 

Shorter,  James  Alexander,  bishop,  was 
born  Feb.  4,  1817,  in  Washington,  D.C.  He 
was  elected  bishop  of  the  African-American 
methodist  episcopal  church  in  1868.  As 
president  of  the  Missionary  society  of  his 
church,  he  has  succeeded  in  opening  the 
work  in  Hayti  and  Africa,  whither  mission- 
aries have  been  sent.  He  died  in  tlie  south. 
Shorter,  John  Gill,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  governor,  was  born 
in  1818  in  Jasper  county,  Ga.  He  was  for 
several  years  a  state  senator  from  Ala- 
bama. In  1855-61  was  circuit  judge  for  his 
district.  He  was  a  member  of  the  confed- 
erate congress;  and  was  the  fifteenth  gov- 
ernor of  Alabama  in  1861-63.  He  died  May 
2n,  1872.  in  Eufaula,  Ala. 

Shortlidge,  Joseph,  soldier,  educator,  jur- 
ist, founder,  college  president,  was  born 
Aug.  1,  1832,  in  Chester  county,  Ta.  He 
received  a  thorough  academic  education; 
and  in  1863  graduated  from  Yale  college, 
from  which  institution  he  received  the  de- 
gress of  master  of  arts.  He  taught  in  the 
public  school  of  Pennsylvania;  and  was 
principal  of  the  Putnam  academy  of  New 
York;  and  principal  of  Fairville  institute 
of  Pennsylvania.  In  1862  he  founded  Ma- 
plewood  institute.  In  1863  he  was  sworn 
in  as  a  volunteer  when  General  Lee  invad- 
ed Pennsylvania.  In  1865-68  in  addition 
to  his  duties  as  a  teacher,  he  took  a  three- 
years'  course  in  chemical  analysis.  In 
1880  he  became  president  of  the  Pennsylva- 
nia state  college.  He  has  just  completed 
a  large  gynasiuni  for  Maplewood  institute. 
In  addition  to  his  duties  as  principal  of 
Maplewood  institute,  he  has  for  seventeen 
years  served  as  a  justice  of  the  peace  in 
Coiicordville,  Pa.;  and  in  1904  was  re-elect- 
ed for  another  term  of  five  years  as  justice 
of  the  peace.  He  is  a  member  of  Bradbury 
post,  grand  army  of  tlie  republic. 

Shortridge,  E.G.  D.,  governor.  In  1893-95 
he  was  governor  of  North  Dakota.  He  died 
in  1908  in  North  Dakota. 

Shortz,  Robert  Packer,  civil  engineer,  au- 
llKir.  lie  is  tlie  author  of  The  Passing  Em- 
])eror;  The  Gift  of  Bonaparte;  and  The 
(Jirdlo  of   the  Gods. 

Shotwell,  Ambrose  Milton,  educator,  ge- 
nealogist, author,  was  born  May  30,  1853, 
in  lOiba,  N.Y.  He  has  been  a  successful 
teacher  in  schools  for  the  blind;  and  is  li- 
brarian of  the  free  lending  library;   and  is 


now  embosser  of  literature  for  the  blind  at 
(Saginaw.  He  is  the  author  of  Annals  of 
Oui-  Colonial  Ancestors  and  Their  Descend- 
ants;  and  other  works. 

Shoup,  Francis  Asbury,  soldier,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  born  March  22,  1834,  in 
Laurel,  Ind.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergy- 
man and  educator  of  Sewanee,  Tenn.;  and 
professor  of  metaphysics  in  the  university 
of  the  south.  He  was  a  confederate  officer 
in  the  civil  war.  He  was  the  author  of  In- 
fantry Tactics;  Artillery  Division  Drill; 
and  Elements  of  Algebra.  He  died  Sept.  1, 
1S9G,  in  Columbia,  Tenn. 

.Shoup,    George    Laird,    soldier,    merchant, 
governor.    United    States   senator,    was    born 
June   15,   1836,  in  Kittanning,  Pa.     He  en- 
listed      in       Captain 
_  ,     ga^pi-^jg'g         independ- 

ent company  of 
scouts,  and  was  soon 
thereafter  commis- 
sioned second  lieu- 
tenant, and  was 
commissioned  col- 

onel of  the  third 
(Colorado  cavalry  in 
1864.  He  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  busi- 
ness in  Virginia 
City,  Mont.,  in  1866, 
and  during  the  same  year  established  a 
business  at  Salmon  City,  Idaho;  and  since 
1866  has  been  engaged  in  mining,  stock 
raising,  mercantile,  and  other  business  in 
Idalio.  He  was  a  member  of  the  terri- 
torial legislature  during  the  eighth  and 
tenth  sessions.  He  was  United  States 
commissioner  for  Idaho  at  the  World's  cot- 
ton centennial  exposition  at  New  Orleans, 
La.,  in  1884-85,  and  was  again  placed  on 
the  republican  national  committee  in  1888, 
re-elected  in  18^2  and  again  in  1896.  He 
was  governor  of  Idaho  territory  in  1889-90. 
In  1889-1901  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  died  in  1904  in  Boise  City,  Idaho. 

Shoup,  James  M.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
statesman,  was  born  in  1849  in  Armstrong 
county.  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
and  private  schools;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar.  He  filled  several  coun- 
ty offices  in  Idaho;  was  a  member  of  the 
first  state  senate;  and  in  1892  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  republican  national  convention. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  United  States  mar- 
shal for  the  first  district  of  Alaska;  and 
is  now  serving  his  third  term  of  1904-08. 

Shoup,  Samuel  Newton,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Illinois.  In  ]S()2  he  was  captain  in  the 
one  hundred  and  fourteenth  regiment  Illi- 
nois infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
colonel  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers, 
lie  (li'Ml  :March"  10,   1885. 

Showalter,  J.  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1895- 
99  he  was  judge  of  the  Ignited  Slates  cir- 
cuit court;  and  in  1898-99  was  also  judge 
of  tlie  United  States  court  of  appeals  for 
the  seventh  district  of  Illinois. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


201 


Showalter,  Joseph  Baltzell,  educator, 
stiite  soiiivtur,  coiij^nessiiuiii,  was  boni  Feb. 
11,  1851,  near  Sinitlilield,  Pa.  He  taught 
school  in  r(inis\  Ivania,  West  Virginia,  In- 
diana, and  Illinois.  In  1880-88  he  was  a 
Miemher  of  the  rennsylvania  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; and  in  18"88-!)2  he  was  state  sen- 
ator. In  18!)7-1903  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-lifth,  fifty- 
sixth    and    lifty-scventh   congresses. 

Shower,  Jacob,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Maryland.  In  185.3-55  lie  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  thirty-third  congress  from  Mary- 
land. 

Shrady,  Henry  Merwin,  designer,  sculptor, 
was  born  Oct.  24,  1871,  in  New  York  City. 
He  designed  an  e<iuestrian  statue  for  P>rook- 
lyn;  and  the  (Jrant  memorial  for  Wash- 
ington. In  1903  he  was  commissioned  by 
the  Holland  society  of  New  York  to  make 
an  equestrian  statue  of  William,  the  silent. 
Shrady,  John,  physician,  author,  was 
lK)ru  March  i:!,  18.50,  in  New  York  City,  N. 
Y.  lie  is  a  prominent  plu'sician  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  Transac- 
tions; The  Psychical  Aspects  of  Insanity; 
The  Shadow^  Line  of  Insanity;  Signs  of  the 
Moribund  Condition;  and  Two  Hundred 
\ears  of  Medicine. 

Shrader,  Otto,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
judge  of  OIK-  of  the  territorial  courts  of  the 
L'n.ued   Slates  sometime  prior   to    1884. 

Shreve,  Henry  Miller,  inventor,  born  Oct. 
21.  178.')'.  in  Purlington  county,  N.J.  In 
ISl.")  lie  ascended  the  Mississippi  to  Louis- 
prise,  the  first  steam 
vessel  that  ever  per- 
formed that  voyage; 
and  subsequently  he 
built  the  Washington 
on  a  ])lan  of  his  own 
invention,  with  im- 
provements that  made 
it  superior  to  Robert 
Kultou's  boat.  In 
1817  his  vessel  made 
its  first  trip  laden 
with  passengers  and 
ville  in  the  Enter- 
freight,  and  demonstrated  its  superiority. 
\\  hen  its  success  was  tliorotighly  shown, 
Fulton  and  his  associates,  having  the  ex- 
<'lusi\c  rii;lit  to  inivigate  all  vessels  propelled 
by  lire  and  steam  in  the  rivers  of  said  ter- 
ritory, enteroil  suit  against  him  and  sei/etl 
his  boats;  but  the  ease  was  decided  in  his 
favor.  In  182(i-41  he  was  superintendent 
of  western  river  improvements.  He  died 
Mareli  (J,   18.')4.  in  St.   Louis,  Mo. 

Shreve.  Milton  W.,  congressman,,  was  born 
in  \ Cnaiigo  eonnty,  Pa.  He  has  been  a 
number  of  the  state  legislature.  In  lOl.'J- 
IT)  he  was  a  representative?  from  i'ennsyl- 
\ania    !o  the  sixty-thir<l  congress. 

Shreve,  Samuel  Henry,  civil  engineer,  au- 
tiior.  was  born  Aug.  2.  1820,  in  Trenton, 
N.I.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Strength 
of  P.ridgf'S  and  Hoofs.  He  died  Nov.  27. 
1884,    in   New   York   City. 


Shreve,  Thomas  H.,  merchant,  journalist, 
author,  poet,  was  born  in  1808,  in  Alexan- 
dria, Va.  in  1838  he  established  himself 
as  a  merchant  in  Louisville,  Ky. ;  and  sub- 
sequently became  one  of  the  editors  of  the 
Louisville  Journal.  He  was  the  author  of 
Drayton,  an  American  Tale;  and  Poems. 
He  died  Dec.  23,   1853,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Shriver,  Alfred  Jenkins,  lawyer,  author, 
"as  born  June  5,  18i)7.  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  1891  he  graduated  from  Johns  Hopkins 
university  with  the  degree  of  A.B.;  and  in 
1893  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the 
university  of  Maryland.  Since  1893  he  has 
been  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Bal- 
timore, Md.;  and  has  been  prominently 
identified  with  states  and  will  cases.  He 
is  secretary  of  the  general  alumni  associa- 
tion of  the  Johns  Hopkins  university;  and 
protector  of  St.  Mary's  female  orphan  asy- 
lum of  Roland  Park,  Md.  He  is  the  author 
of  Res  (iestae  as  a  Rule  of  Evidence;  Law 
of  Wills  and  Personal  Property  in  Mary- 
land Prior  to  August  1,  1884;  Status  of 
Preferred  Stock  of  the  Baltinnne  and  Ohio 
railroad  company;  and  other  legal  publica- 
tions. 

Shriver,  John  Shultz,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  June  17,  1857,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
He  is  Wasiiington  correspondent  of  the 
New  Vork  .Miiil  and  the  Baltimore  Ameri- 
can. Tie  is  the  author  of  Through  the  South 
and   ^^'(•st    with    Prescient    Harrison. 

Stubrick,  Edward  Rutledge,  naval  officer, 
was  born  in  1794,  in  South  Carolina.  He 
was  conunissioned  commander  in  1828;  and 
bfcame  captain  in  1837.  He  died  March 
12.    1844.   at   sea. 

Shubrick,  John  Templar,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Sept.  12,  1788,  on  Bull's  Island, 
S.C.  In  1812  he  was  commissioned  lieuten- 
ant and  was  attached  to  the  Constitution. 
He  received  three  silver  medals  and  votes 
of  thanks  from  congress  for  assisting  in  the 
ca])ture  of  the  Cuerriere,  Java  and  Pea- 
cock.     He  died   in    1815  at    sea. 

Shubrick,  William  Bradford,  naval  officer, 
was  born  t)ct.  31,  1790,  on  BulTs  Island. 
S.C.  He  served  through  the  iMexican  and 
ei\il  wars;  and  attained  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral.  He  died  May  27,  18Y4,  in  Wash- 
ington.   D.C. 

Shuck,  Mrs.  Henrietta  Hall,  aiithor.  was 
boi  n  t):-i.  :iS,  1817.  in  Kilinaiiioek,  Va.  She 
was  the  wife  of  a  missionary  in  China. 
She  was  the  author  of  Scenes  in  China.  She 
die<l   Nov.   27.    1S44.    in    Hong    Kong,   China. 

Shuck,  Jehu  Lewis,  clergyman,  missionary, 
.\a~  iiorn  Sept.  4,  1812,  in  Alexandria,  Va. 
lie  began  his  labors  in  Macao,  where  he 
l>aptize(l  the  first  Chinese  converts,  met 
with  success  also  at  Hong  Kong,  whither  he 
p-moved  in  1842.  and  sub>ei|uently  settled 
at  Canton.  He  was  the  author  of  Port- 
folio Chinen^is,  or  a  Collection  of  Authen- 
tic ('hin<se  State  Papers.  He  died  Aug.  20, 
i8f.;.  in   I'.arnwell.  S.C. 

Shuey,  Edwin  Longstreet,  educator,  pub- 
lisher,   iia-;ul'acturer,  autiior,  was  born  Jan. 


202 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


3,  1857,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In  1881-85 
he  was  professor  in  Otterbein  university; 
and  since  1885  has  been  a  publisher  and 
manufacturer  of  paint  at  Dayton,  Ohio.  He 
is  the  author  of  Handbook  of  The  United 
Brethren  in  Christ;  and  Factory  People  and 
Their  Employers. 

Shuey,  Mrs.  Lillian  Hinman,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  poet,  was  born  March  22,  1853,  in 
Toulon,  111.  In  1875  she  graduated  as  B.S. 
from  Napa  college  of  California.  She  is  the 
wife  of  M.  N.  Shuey.  For  several  years  she 
has  been  engaged  as  a  teacher  in  the  public 
schools  of  California.  She  is  the  author  of 
California  Sunshine,  verse;  Hulda,  a  Story 
of  the  West;  Don  Luis'  Wife,  a  Romance  of 
the  West  Indies;  The  Little  Ladj^-of  the 
Cobweb  Palace;  and  numerous  short  stories, 
sketches  and  poems  for  magazines  and  peri- 
odicals in  California. 

Shufeldt,  Robert  Wilson,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Feb.  ?,1,  1832,  in  Red  Hook,  N.Y. 
He  became  a  midshipman  in  1839;  served 
in  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars ;  was  pro- 
moted to  rear-admiral  in  1883,  and  retired 
the  following  year.  He  died  Nov.  7,  1895, 
ill   Washington.  D.C. 

Shuey,  William  John,  journalist,  littera- 
teur, was  born  Feb.  9,  1827,  in  Miaiiiisbuig, 
Ohio.     He  was  educated   in  the  public  and 

private  schools  of  his 
native  state;  and  be- 
came a  successful 
journalist.  He  became 
connected  with  the 
the  United  brethren 
publishing  house  of 
Dayton,  Ohio;  and 
since  1866  has  been 
its  sole  agent.  In  this 
capacity  he  has  be- 
come well  known 
throughout  the  Unit- 
ed States  in  the  re- 
ligious world;  and  has  held  various  posi- 
tions of  trust  and  honor.  He  has  contrib- 
uted extensively  to  religious  and  education- 
al public.i.tions  on  curient  topics;  and  still 
resides  in  Dayton,  Ohio. 

Shufeldt,  Robert  Wilson,  surgeon,  biologist, 
aullior,  was  born  Dec.  1.  1850,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  educated  at  Cornell  univer- 
sity; and  in  1876  graduated  from  the  medi- 
cal school  in  Coluiiibian  university.  In  1864- 
65  he  served  in  the  civil  war  under  his  fa- 
ther, Admiral  Shufeldt.  In  1876-81  he  was 
surgeon  in  the  frontier  Indian  wars;  in 
1882  was  curator  in  the  army  medical  mu- 
seum; and  in  1895-97  was  curator  in  the 
Siiiithsoniiin  institution.  He  is  the  autlior 
of  The  Anatomy  of  Birds;  The  Negro:  sev- 
eral works  in  natural  history;  and  hundreds 
of  articles   on   medicine,   science  and  travel. 

Shuford,  Alonzo  Craig,  agriculturist,  con- 
greseinaii,  was  born  March  1,  1858,  in  Ca- 
tawba couiitv,  N.C.  He  was  maih;  county 
lecturer  and  later  district  lecturer  of  the 
alliance;    was   elected  delegate  to  tlie   labor 


conference  in  St.  Louis  in  1892;  and  was 
delegate  for  the  state  at  large  to  the  popu- 
list convention  in  Omaha  the  same  year. 
He  was  elected  vice-iiresident  of  the  state 
alliance  in  1894.  In  1895-99  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the  fif- 
ty-fourth   and   tifty-tifth   congresses. 

ShuU,  Joseph  H.,  educator,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Aug.  17, 
1848,  in  Northampton  county,  Pa.  Since 
1879  he  has  been  a  successful  lawyer  of 
Stroudsburg,  Pa.  In  1886-91  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Pennsylvania  state  senate.  In 
1903-05  he  was  a  democratic  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  tlie  fifty-eighth  con- 
gress. 

Shultz,  Emanuel,  manufacturer,  state  leg- 
ishilor.  congressman,  Mas  born  July  25, 
1819,  in  Berks  county.  Pa.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Ohio  state  legislature  in  1875- 
76,  and  served  two  years.  In  1881-83  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  forty-seventh 
congress  as  a  republican.     He  died  in  Ohio. 

Shultz,  Joseph  S.,  educator,  author,  poet, 
was  born  March  13,  1863,  in  DeGraff,  Ohio. 
For  many  years  he  was  professor  of  mathe- 
matics and  English  literature  in  Wilder  col- 
lege. He  is  the  author  of  Observations  in 
the   Northwest;    and   Looking  Upward. 

Shultz,  Theodore,  missionary,  translator, 
was  born  Dec.  17,  1770,  in  (T.ermany.  He 
I  ntered  the  foreign  mission  field  of  the  Mo- 
ravian church  in  1799;  and  was  sent  to 
Surinam,  South  America,  where  lie  served 
seven  years.  He  revised  and  improved  a 
Dictionary;  and  translated  a  Harmony  of 
the  Gospels  into  the  Arrawak  language.  He 
died  Aug.  4,  1850,  in  Salem,  N.C. 

Shulze,  John  Andrew,  state  legislator, 
governor,  was  born  July  19,  1775,  in  Tul- 
pehockcn.  Pa.  He  represented  Lebanon 
coiinty  for  several  years  in  the  state  legis- 
lature. He  was  the  sixth  governor  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1823-29.  He  died  Nov.  19, 
1852.   in  Liuicaster,  Pa. 

Shuman,  Abraham,  merchant,  philanthro- 
l)ist,  was  born  May  31,  1839,  in  Prussia. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  district 
school  near  Newburgh,  N.Y. ;  in  1859  opened 
a  clothing  store  in  Roxbury,  Mass.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Boston  chamber  of  com- 
merce from  its  foundation.  He  was-  the 
founder  and  first  vice-president  of  the  Bos- 
ton merchants'  association.  He  built  a  hos- 
pital for  contag'ous  patients ;  and  also  built 
the  relief  station  on  Haymarket  square  in 
Boston,  ]\Iass. 

Shuman,  Edwin  Llewellyn,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  13,  1863,  in  Lancaster 
county,  Pa.  In  1889-90  lie  was  editor  of 
the  Evanston  Press  of  Illinois;  in  1895- 
1901  was  editorial  writer  on  the  Chicago 
Tiilnme;  and  since  1901  has  been  literary 
editor  on  the  Chicago  Record-Herald.  He 
is  the  author  of  Steps  Into  Journalism;  and 
Practical   Journalism. 

Shumway,  Edgar  Solomon,  educator,  au- 
thor,  was   born    June   {>,    185(),    in    Belchers- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


203 


town,  Mass.  He  was  educated  in  Willis- 
ton  academy;  and  in  1879  graduated  from 
AmluTSt  college,  where  he  subsequently  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  A.M.  and  Ph.D.  and 
studied  Roman  law  in  Berlin  and  Marberg 
universities.  In  1883-1900  he  was  adjunct 
professor  of  Latin  languages  and  literature 
at  Rutgers  college.  lie  purchased  the  Rut- 
gers art  collection.  In  1904  he  lectured 
on  Roman  law  in  the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania; and  since  1904  has  been  head  of 
the  classical  department  of  the  manual 
training  higli  school  ot  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He 
is  a  university  extension  lecturer  for  New 
York  and  New  Jersey  on  Greek  Hellenistic 
Roman  art.  Me  is  the  author  of  A  Day 
in  Ancient  Rome;  Latin  Synonyms;  Syl- 
labus of  Classical  Archa-ology;  and  Synop- 
sis of  Sources,  Literature  and  Langvuige 
of  Roman  Art. 

Shumway,  Henry  Cotton,  soldier,  artist, 
was  born  July  4,  18(>7,  in  :Middleto\vn, 
Conn.  For  many  years  he  followed  his 
profession  as  a  miniature-painter  success- 
tully  in  New  York  City  and  other  cities. 
Among  the  numerous  eminent  men  that 
sat  to  him  were  Henry  Clay,  Daniel  Web- 
ster, and  Prince  Napoleon.  He  died  May 
().    18S4.   in  N»-w   York  City. 

Shumway,  Herbert  Hartwell,  cotton  man- 
iii.uturer,  cai)italist,  was  born  March  23, 
18.'7,  in  Palmer,  Mass.  He  was  educated 
at  the  rtica  commercial  college.  In  1895 
he  organized  and  built  the  Corr  Manufac- 
turing company  of  Taunton,  and  was  trcas- 
unr  and  ageiit  until  190.5,  when  he  re- 
lind.  He  is  now  president  of  the  Atlas 
Buckram  comjjany.  For  tliree  years  he 
was  president  of  the  Taunton  board  of 
trade. 

Shunk,  David,  soldier,  was  born  in  Mary- 
land. In  ISlil  he  was  second  lieutenant  in 
the  liflh  regiment  Indiana  infantry;  and 
in  18(i.')  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
er::l  if  vohiuteers.  Ho  died  F<'b.  21,  180.5. 
Slunk,  Francis  Rawn,  soldier,  lawyer, 
goveninr.  was  born  Aug.  7,  1778,  in  Trappe, 
Pa.  He  established  liimself  for  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Pittslmrgli.  He  was  the 
ten  til  governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1845-48. 
lie  -lied  .fnly  30.  1848.  in  Harrisburg,  Pa. 
Shunk,  William  Findlay,  civil  engineer, 
autlior.  was  born  Sept.  (J.  1830,  in  Harris- 
burg. I'a.  In  1841J-50  he  was  a  midshipman 
in  the  Inited  States  navy;  and  in  1861-65 
was  a  clerk  in  the  state  department  at 
Wasliington.  D.C.  In  1807-1902  lie  was  en- 
giigcd  as  chief  engineer  in  the  construction 
•  if  various  railroads.  He  was  the  autlior  of 
Sliunk  on  Railway  Curves;  and  The  Field 
Kiigiiuer.  lie  died  in  1907  in  lliirris- 
burg.    Pa. 

Shurter,  Edwin  Du  Bois,  etlueator,  law- 
ver,  audior,  was  bom  Oct.  24,  18U3,  in 
Samson vi lie.  N.Y.  In  lS<.»(i-99  he  was  a 
jiracticing  attorney  of  Ithaca,  N.Y. ;  aiul 
since  1899  bas  been  profe^^sor  of  public 
speaking  in  the  university  of  Texas.     He  is 


the  author  of  The  Modern  American  Speak- 
er; Public  Speaking;  Masterpieces  of  Mod- 
ern Oratory;  Extempore  Speaking;  Oratory 
of  the  South;  and  The  Rhetoric  of  Oratory. 
Shurtleff,  Benjamin,  physician,  philan- 
tbropist.  Hi'  donated  ten  thousand  dollars 
to  the  Baptist  college  of  Upper  Alton,  111. 
Tlie  name  of  this  institution  was  changed 
in  1830  to  Shurtleir  college  in  his  honor. 
He  died  in   Illinois. 

Shurtleff,  Ernest  Warburton,  clergyman, 
autlior.  p(iel.  was  born'  April  4.  1802,  in 
P.oston,  Mass.  He  is  a  congregational  cler- 
gyman and  poet.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Po- 
ems; Easter  Gleams;  Song  of  Hope;  When 
I  Was  a  Child;  New  Y'ear's  Peace;  Shadow 
uf  the  Angel;    and  Eastf-r   in  Heaven. 

Shurtleff,  Fred  Cazeaux,  surgeon,  was  born 
Oct.  18,  1807.  in  Somerset.  Mass.  He  be- 
gan the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Bos- 
ton, IMass.,  making  a  specialty  of  surgery. 
He  moved  to  Los  Angeles  as  a  practitioner. 
He  became  connected  with  a  chartered  as- 
sociation; founded  a  college  for  phy- 
sicians and  surgeons  in  1904.  He  now 
holds  the  chair  of  surgery  in  this  institu- 
tion; and  that  of  vice-president  of  the 
board  of  trustees. 

Shurtleff,  George  Augustus,  physician, 
autlior,  was  born  Aug.  5,  1819,  in  Carver, 
Mass.  In  1872-83  he  was  president  of  the 
State  medical  society  of  California.  He  is 
the  author  of  Medical  Jurisprudence  of 
Insanity;  The  Obscure  Forms  of  Epilepsy 
and  the  Responsibilities  of  Epileptics;  and 
Suicide. 

Shurtleff,  Giles  Waldo,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Canada.  In  1801  lie  was  captain  in  the 
seventh  regiment  Ohio  infantry;  and  in 
1865  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
in   180.5.     He  died  in   1904. 

Shurtleff,  Nathaniel  Bradstreet,  antiquar- 
i:ui,  author,  was  born  .hiue  29.  1810.  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  was  an  antiiiuarian  of  Bos- 
ton. He  was  the  author  of  Elements  of 
J'lirenology;  A  Perpetual  Cahndar  of  Old 
and  New  Style;  Topographical  Description 
of  Bostoi';  iind  Passeiigt'is  of  the  Mayllow- 
er  in  lti20  Witli  I).  Pulsifer  be  edited  The 
Records  of  the  Colony  of  New  Plymoulli,  in 
tw?lve  volumes.  He  died  Oct.  17,  1874,  in 
I'xiston,   Mass. 

Shurtleff,  Roswell  Morse,  artist,  was  born 
June  14.  1838.  in  Itindge.  N.ll.  In  1890  be 
became  a  member  of  the  National  academy 
of  design.  His  animal  paintings  tirst 
gained  him  distinction;  and  of  these  the 
best  known  are  The  Wolf  at  the  Door,  and 
A  Race  for  Life.  Among  his  later  works 
in  oil,  most  of  which  are  scenes  in  the  Adi- 
roiidacks.  are  On  Hie  Alert;  Autumn  CJold ; 
(;leaiiis  of  Sun  bine;  and  A  Song  of  Smn- 
llier   Woods. 

Shute,  Daniel  Kerfoot,  jibysician,  author, 
was  born  Oel.  22,  1858,  in  .\lexaiidria,  \'a. 
Since  1888  he  has  been  ]irofi-ssor  of  anat- 
omy   in    Columbia    university    at    Washing- 


204 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


governor,    was 

111    1716-28   he 

Massachusetts ; 


ton,   D.   C.      He   is  the   author   of   A    First 
Book    in   Organic   Evolution. 

Shute,  Henry  A.,  laAvyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  in  1857  in  Exeter,  N.H.  For  the 
past  twenty  years  he  has  been  judge  of  the 
local  court  of  Exeter,  N.H.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Real  Diary  of  a  Real  Boy;  Sequil; 
Letters  to  Beany  and  Love  Letters  of  Plupy 
Shute;  Real  Boys;  A  Few  Neighbors;  and 
A  Profane  and  Somewhat  Unreliable  His- 
tory of  Exeter. 

Shute,  Samuel,  colonial 
born  in  1653  in  England, 
was  colonial  governor  of 
and  in  1728-30  was  colonial  governor  of 
New  Hampshire.  He  died  April  15,  1742, 
in   England. 

Shute,  Samuel  Moore,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, autlior,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1823,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1859  he  became  pro- 
fessor of  the  English  language  and  litera- 
ture in  Columbian  university  of  Washing- 
ton, D.C,  He  was  the  author  of  a  Manual 
of  Anglo-Saxon.  He  died  in  1902  in  Ker- 
focte,  Va. 

Shutter,  Marion  Daniel,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  4,  1853,  in  New  Phila- 
delphia, Ohio.     In   1876  he  graduated  from 

the  university  o  f 
Wooster;  and  in  1881 
gradiuited  from  the 
the  Baptist  theolog- 
ical seminary  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.  He  has 
been  pastor  of  the 
Olivet  baptist  church 
of  M  i  11  n  e  a  p  o  1  i  s, 
Minn.;  and  is  now 
pastor  of  the  First 
universalist  church 
of  that  city.  He  is 
the  author  of  Wit 
and  Humor  of  the  Bible;  Justice  and  Mer- 
cy; Child  of  Nature;  Applied  Evolution; 
How  the  Preachers  Pray;  and  Life  of 
James   Harvey  Tuttle. 

Sibler,  Wilhelm,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1801  in  Prussia.  He  was  a  Luther- 
an clergyman  of  JNIissouri.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Sermons  on  the  Epistles  and  Gos- 
pels of  the  Christian  Year.  He  died  in 
Missouri. 

Sibler,  William  Bienhauser,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Nov.  22,  1826,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1870-71  he  was  president  of  Al- 
l)ion  college  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  IMogrcssive  Lessons  in  Greek; 
Elementary  Latin  Grammar;  A  History  of 
St.  James'  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  at 
Harlem  of  New  York  City;  and  Parallel 
Classics. 

Sibley,  Edwin  Day,  lawyer,  author.  He 
is  the  author  of  Stillman  Gott,  Farmer  and 
Fisherman. 

Sibley,  George  Champlain,  explorer,  phil- 
anthropist, was  liorn  in  April,  1782,  in 
(h-eat  Barrington.  iNlass.  He  was  an  em- 
ploye of  the  United  States  Indian  bureau; 


and  explored  the  Grand  Saline  and  Salt 
mountain.  He  surveyed  a  road  from  Mis- 
souri to  New  Mexico;  and  made  several 
treaties  with  the  Indian  tribes.  He  and 
his  wife  were  the  founders  of  Lindenwood 
college  of  St.  Charles,  Mo.,  giving  the  land 
on  which  it  is  built.  He  died  Jan.  31,  1863, 
in   Ehr.a,   Mo. 

Sibley,  Frank  J.,  mine  owner,  manager, 
prohibitionist,  author,  was  born  Aug.  11, 
1847,   in  Royalton,  N.Y.     He  was  educated 

in  the  common  and 
high  schools  of  New 
York;  and  graduated 
from  the  university  of 
I  ■  Arizona.    He  is  a  suc- 

I   ..^  t^^S  cessful  mine  owner 

'  ^  and    manager;    presi- 

dent and  general  man- 
ager of  the  Cooper 
creek  mining  com- 
pany ;  and  treasurer 
and  general  manager 
of  the  Blue  Jewel  cop- 
per company.  In  1876- 
77  he  was  secretary  of  the  New  York  state 
prohibition  committee;  in  1880-81  was  sec- 
retary of  the  Kansas  state  prohibition  com- 
mittee; in  1884  was  chairman  of  the  Ne- 
braska state  prohibition  committee;  and  in 
1899-1900  was  chairman  of  the  California 
state  prohibition  committee.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  prohibition  national  committee 
for  Arizona  for  the  term  of  1904-08.  He 
is  the  author  of  What  Prohibition  Did  for 
Kansas ;  Life  of  John  B.  Finch ;  and  Tem- 
plar at  Work. 

Sibley,  Henry  Hastings,  soldier,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  Feb.  -20,  1811,  in 
Detroit,  Mich.  In  1847-53  he  was  a  terri- 
torial delegate  from  Minnesota ;  to  the  thir- 
tieth, thirty-iirst  and  thirty-second  con- 
gresses; and  in  1858  was  the  first  gover- 
nor. He  was  a  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers during  the  civil  war.  He  commanded 
an  expedition  against  the  Minnesota  In- 
dians in  1863;  and  was  subsequently  brev- 
ctted  a  major-general  of  volunteers.  He 
died  Feb.   18,   1891,  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

Sibley,  Henry  Hopkins,  soldier,  was  born 
May  25,  1816,  in  Nachitoches,  La.  He 
served  in  the  Florida  war;  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  the  Seminoles;  and  took  part 
in  all  the  principal  operations  of  the  Mex- 
ican war.  He  served  for  several  years  on 
the  Texas  frontier;  and  in  1861  received 
a  commission  as  brigadier-general  in  the 
confederate  service.  He  invented  a  tent 
for  troops  modelled  after  the  wigwams  of 
the  Indians.  He  died  Aug.  23,  1886,  in 
Fredericksburg,  Va. 

Sibley,  Hiram,  seedsman,  financier,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  Feb.  6,  1807,  in  North 
Adams,  Mass.  He  was  instrumental  in  ob- 
taining from  congress  an  appropriation  in 
aid  of  Morse's  experiments;  and  interested 
himself  in  telegraphy  from  the  beginning. 
His     telegraphs    eventually    extended     over 


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205 


thirteen  states;  were  consolidated  under 
the  name  of  the  Western  Union  Telegraph 
company,  of  which  he  was  president  for 
seventeen  years.  He  became  the  largest 
owner  of  improved  lands  in  the  United 
States,  owning  the  Burr  Oaks  farm  of 
nearly  forty  thousand  acres  in  Illinois;  and 
the  Howland  Island  farm  of  Cayuga,  N.Y. 
He  gave  a  one  hundred  thousand  dollar 
building  to  hold  a  public  library  and  the 
collections  of  the  Rochester  university;  and 
various  other  sums  were  donated  by  him. 
He  died  July  12,  1888,  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 
Sibley,  Hiram  Luther,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  May  4,  IS'Sii,  in 
(lustavus,  Ohio.  In  1878  he  received  the 
degree  of  ■VI.A.  from  Marietta  college;  and 
in  1S9.5  received  the  honorary  degree  of 
LL.D.  from  Clatlin  university.  '  In  1860  he 
was  elected  county  clerk  of  jMeigs  county, 
Ohio.  In  1802-05  he  was  lieutenant  in  the 
one  hundred  and  sixteenth  regiment  Ohio 
volunteer  infantry.  In  1805  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law  and  in  1800 
began  to  practice  at  Marietta,  Ohio.  In 
1883-97  he  was  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas;  and  in  1897-1903  was  judge 
of  the  circuit  court.  In  1900  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  the  commission  to  re- 
vise and  consolidated  the  laws  of  Ohio.  He 
is  the  aut'ior  of  R'ghts  and  Cause  for  Ac- 
tion. 

Sibley,  Hiram  Watson,  capitalist,  was 
born  in  Uocliesler.  X.Y.  He  was  educated 
at  Heidelln-rg  university  and  at  Columbia 
university,  receiving  the  degrees  of  Ph.D. 
and  LL.B.  In  1869-81  he  was  interested 
and  active  in  the  management  of  southern 
railroads,  with  residence  in  New  York  City. 
Since  then  he  has  been  interested  in  iron 
mines,  limber  lands  and  lumbering  opera- 
tions in  the  west  and  south,  and  in  bank- 
ing, witli  residence  in  Rochester.  He  is 
a  trustee  of  the  Rochester  Savings  bank 
and  other   institutions. 

Sibley,  John  Langdon,  librarian,  author, 
was  iioni  Dec  29,  1S()4,  in  L^nion,  Maine. 
He  was  tile  lil)rarian  of  Harvard  university 
in  1841-77.  He  was  1  lie  autlior  of  History 
of  the  Town  of  Union,  Maine;  and  Biogra- 
]thical  Sketelies  of  Harvard  University 
Craduates.  He  died  Dec.  9,  1885,  in  Cam- 
bridge,   .Mass. 

Sibley,  Jonas,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  17,  1702,  in  Sutton, 
Mass.  In  1806-23  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  legishiture;  was  an  elector 
for  president  in  1820;  and  served  again  in 
both  houses  of  the  legislature.  Jn  1823-25 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Massachu- 
setts to  the  eighteenth  congress.  He  died 
Feb.   10.   1834.   in  Sutton,  Mass. 

Sibley,  Mrs.  Louise  Lyndon,  writer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  For  sev- 
eral years  she  lived  at  Lighthouse  in  Bos- 
ton Harbor,  where  her  father  was  keeper. 
She  is  the  author  of  A    Lighthouse  Village. 

Sibley,  Joseph  Crocker,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman,    was     born     Feb.     18,     1850,     in 


Friendship,    N.Y. 


He  is  extensively  en- 
gaged in  farming  and 
stock  raising;  is  a 
of  lu- 
signal 


manufacturer 
bricating  and 
oils;  and  interested 
in  various  other  man- 
ufacturing and  busi- 
ness enterprises.  He 
has  been  mayor  of 
Franklin,  Pa.;  and 
president  of  the 
Pennsylvania  state 
dairymen's  associa- 
tion. In  1893-95  and 
1899-1907  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-third,  lifty-sixth, 
fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth  and  fifty-ninth 
congresses;  and  in  1896  his  name  was  put 
forward  for  the  presidency  of  the  United 
States  by  the  silver  party  of  the  east. 

Sibley,  Mark  Hopkins,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1796  in  Great  Barrington,  Mass.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork  assembly  in 
1S34-35.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  twenty-fifth  congress;  and  was 
subsequently  a  state  senator;  and  in  1840 
a  county  judge.  He  died  Sept.  8,  1852,  in 
Canandaigua,  N.Y. 

Sibley,  R.  A.,  merchant,  philanthropist. 
He  is  a  successful  merchant  of  Rocliester, 
N.Y. 

Sibley,  Solomon,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1709, 
in  Sutton,  Mass.  In  1797  he  moved  to  De- 
troit, Mich.,  and  in  1799  was  elected  to  the 
lirst  territorial  legislature  of  the  north- 
western territory.  In  1819-23  he  was  a 
territorial  delegate  from  Michigan  to  the 
sixteenth  and  seventeenth  congresses;  and 
in  1824-37  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
jireiiie  court  of  the  territory  of  Michigan. 
He  died  April  4,   1840,  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Sicard,  Montgomery,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sept.  30,  1830,  in  New  York  City.  In 
IS;"  1-55  he  was  a  student  at  the  United 
States  naval  academy.  In  1870  he  was  ap- 
pointed commander;  in  1894  became  com- 
modore; and  in  1897  atta^nyd  the  rank  of 
rear  admiral.  In  1897-98  he  was  com- 
mander-in-chief of  the  United  States  naval 
force  of  the  north  Atlantic  squadron;  and 
was  president  of  the  naval  war  board  dur- 
ing the  Spanish-American  war.  He  died 
in'^1900  in   Westerville,  N.Y. 

Sickel,  Horatio  Gates,  soldier,  was  born 
Ajnil  2,  1817.  in  Udmont,  Pa.  He  entered 
the  L'nited  States  service  in  1801  as  colo- 
nel of  the  third  regiment  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania reserve  corps;  and  succeeded  CJeneral 
(Jeorge  G.  Meade  in  the  command  of  the 
i)rigade.  He  died  April  18,  IS'.tO,  in  Phila- 
del|)iiia,  Pa. 

Sickels,  David  Banks,  banker,  diplomat, 
author,  was  l.oni  Kdi.  H.  1837,  in  New  York 
City.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  war  cor- 
respondent  for   eastern    and   western   news- 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


papers.  He  is  the  author  of  Leaves  of  the 
Lotus;  and  Land  of  the  Lotus,  or  Life  and 
Scenes  in  tlie  Far  East. 

Sickles,  Daniel  Edgar,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  diplomat,  congressman,  was 
born  Oct.  20,  1825,  in  New  York  City.     In 

1847  he  was  elected 
to  the  assembly  of 
New  York;  and  in 
1S56  to  the  state  sen- 
ate. He  served  in 
the  union  army  dur- 
ing the  civil  war; 
lost  a  leg  in  battle; 
and  attained  the 
rank  of  major-general 
of  volunteers.  He 
was  subsequently  ap- 
pointed a  colonel  in 
the  regular  army;  in 
18G7  was  bre vetted  a  major-general  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  at  Gettys- 
burg; and  retired  from  active  service  about 
1886.  In  1857-61  and  1893-95  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thirty-tifth,  thirty-sixth 
and  fifty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 
In  1869-73  he  was  United  States  minister 
to  Spain, 

Sickles,  Hiram  Franklin,  soldier,  was  born 
ill  New  York.  In  ISOl  lie  was  major  in 
the  ninth  regiment  Illinois  cavalry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.    He  died  May  23,  1892. 

Sickles,  Nicholas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kiiiderhouk.  N.Y.  In  1835-37  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  twenty-fourth  con- 
gress. He  died  May  13,  1845,  in  Kingston, 
N.Y. 

Sidell,  William  Henry,  soldier,  civil  engi- 
neer, was  born  Aug.  21,  ISIO,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  employed  by  the  Unit- 
ed States  government  on  surveys  of  the 
delta  of  Mississippi  river.  He  received  the 
brevets  of  colonel  and  brigadier-general  in 
1865.  He  died  June  30,  1873.  in  New  Y^ork 
City. 

Sidney,  Edward  William,  litterateur,  au- 
thor. He  is  the  author  of  Pseudonym  of 
Nathaniel  Beverly  Tucker. 

Sidwell,  Thomas  Watson,  educator, 
fo.iiKler.  nas  liorn  May  16,  1859.  in  Johns- 
ville,  :\Id.  In  1883  he  founded  and  has 
since  been  principal  of  the  Friends  school 
of  Washington,  D.C. 

Siebecker,  Robert  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
lioin  Oct.  17,  1854,  in  Sauk  county,  Wis. 
In  1890-1903  he  was  circuit  judge  of  the 
ninth  judicial  circuit  of  Wisconsin;  and 
since  1!»()3  has  been  justice  of  the  supreme 
court    of   Wisconsin. 

Siebert,  John  Selmar,  designer,  architect, 
was  Innii  Sei)t.  28,  18(14,  in  Germany.  He 
lias  been  iiisi  ructor  in  civil  engineering  in 
Lehigh  university;  and  in  the  Tennsylva- 
nia  state  college.  He  has  been  inspector 
of  the  United  States  light  house  service; 
aiu!  is  a  jiraetieiiig  architect  of  Cumber- 
land,   Mil  .    in   which   city   the  best  business 


houses  and  residences  .have  been  built  from 
his  designs. 

Siebert,  Wilbur  Henry,  educator,  author, 
wa-  born  Aug.  ;;o.  1866.  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 
He  attended  the  public  schools  of  Colum- 
bus ;  graduated  from 
the  Ohio  state  uni- 
versiiy  in  1888;  grad- 
uated from  Harvard 
university  two  years 
later;  and  studied 
for  one  year  in  the 
universities  of  Ger- 
many. For  many 
years  he  has  taught 
history  and  political 
science     in     the     Ohio 

state    university;    and 

since  1898  has  been 
professor  of  European  history  in  that  insti- 
tution. He  is  the  author  of  The  Under- 
ground Ralroad  from  Slavery  to  Freedom; 
The  Government  of  Ohio;  and  various  his- 
t(n-ical   monographs. 

Siefert,  Henry  Otto  Rudolf,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  11,  1841.  in  Prussia. 
He  came  to  the  I'nited  States  in  1855;  and 
in  1896-1904  was  superintendent;  and  since 
1904  has  been  principal  of  schools  of  Mil- 
waukee. Wis.  He  is  the  author  Principles 
of  Arithmetic. 

Siegfried,  Daniel  F.,  pharmacist,  business 
:n;ui.  was  born  Nov.  4.  1S45,  in  Cotasauqua. 
Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  and 
])rivate  schools  of  Bethlehem,  Pa.  For 
three  vears  he  was  trustee  of  the  normal 
schoorat  Valley  City;  has  been  trustee  of 
the  soldiers'  home  at  Lisbon ;  for  four  years 
served  as  county  commissioner  of  Barnes 
county,  N.D. ;  and  has  tilled  various  other 
jiositions  of  trust  and  honor.  He  is  a 
successful  druggist  of  Sanborn.  N.D. ;  and 
prominently  identified  with  the  business 
and  public 'afl'airs  of  that  city.  He  has  all 
the  masonic  degrees  up  to  the  thirty-second 
degree;  and  has  always  been  a  great  work- 
er in  the  rite.  He  is  department  command- 
er of  the  Grand  army  of  the  republic  for 
North  Dakota  for  the  term  of  1905. 

Sigel,  Franz,  soldier,  was  born  Nov.  18, 
1824.  in  German  v.  In  1852  he  came  to  the 
United   States,    "in   1852-58   he   taught  and 

published  a  military 
magazine  in  New 
York  City.  In  1858- 
61  he  was  a  teacher 
;ni(l  lecturer  in  the 
jiubiic  schools  of  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  At  the 
lieginning  of  the  civil 
war  he  organized  a 
regiment  and  a  bat- 
tery; in  1861  he  was 
lommissioned  brigii- 
(lier-geneial ;  and  in 
18(i2  attained  rank 
of  major-general.  In  1862  he  commanded 
tjie  trrops  at   Ilari.er's   Ferry.      In    1863  he 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


207 


commanded  the  reserved  army  at  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  in  1864  commanded  a  depart- 
ment of  the  army  at  West  Virginia.  In 
1865-67  he  edited  the  Baltimore  Wecker. 
In  1871  he  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
internal  revenue  of  New  York  City;  and 
in  1871-74  was  register  of  the  city  of  New 
Vork.  For  manv  years  he  edited  the  New 
York  Monthlv.  *He  died  Aug.  21.  1902,  in 
Mott   Haven. "N.Y. 

Sigfried,  Joshua  K.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
IVnufvlvaiiia.  In  1S61  he  was  captain  in 
the  sixth  regiment  Pennsylvania  infantry; 
and  in  1864  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of   volunteers.     He  died  July   19,   1896, 

Sigmund,  Frederick  Lester,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Dec.  8,  1866,  in 
Shimersville,  Pa.  Since  1890  he  has  tilled 
pastorates  in  the  evangelical  lutherau 
church  in  Indiana.  Ohio  and  Illinois.  Since 
1900  he  has  been  president  of  Carthage  col- 
lege of  Illinois;  and  has  also  been  professor 
of  mental  and  moral  philosoj)liy  in  that  in- 
stitution. 

Sigourney,  Mrs.  Lydia  Howard,  author, 
poet,    was   born    Sei)t.    1,    1791.    in   Norwich, 


Conn.      She   was   one 


of  the  most  popular 
of  the  earlier  Ameri- 
can writers.  Among 
her  prose  writings 
are  Myrtis ;  Post 
]\Ieridian ;  Letters  to 
My  Pupils;  Letters 
to  Y  o  u  n  g  Ladies ; 
Traits  of  the  Aborig- 
ines in  America; 
and  Letters  of  Life. 
Other  works  are  Po- 
c  a  h  o  n  t  a  s  ;  Moral 
Pieces  in  Prose  and 
Verse ;  Poetry  for 
Childn/n:  and  Zinzendorf,  and  Other  Po- 
ems. She  (lied  .huie  10,  186.5,  in  Hartford, 
Conn. 

Sihler,  Ernest  Gottlieb,  educator,  author, 
was  b:.rn  Ja;i.  2,  IH.l^,  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 
Since  1892  he  has  ))een  professor  of  Latin 
and  lecturer  in  the  graduate  school  in  New 
York  university.  He  is  tlie  author  of  Lexi- 
con  to  Latinity  of   Caesar's  Callic  War. 

Sigsbee,  Charles  Dwight,  naval  officer, 
author,  was  bctin  .hiu.  16.  184.),  in  All)any, 
N.^■.       III     lHr)!)-63    he    attended    the    naval 

academy  and  served 
in  tlie  civil  war  in 
the  west  gulf  squad- 
ron. He  was  in  the 
l)attle  of  Mobile  bay, 
and  at  both  attacks 
at  Fort  Fislier;  and 
in  tiie  final  assault 
on  same.  In  1867  he 
was  comiiiissioiicd 
lienteiiant,  and  lieu- 
lenaiit-conunander  in 
18C8.  During  1S69- 
71  he  was  on  dnty  at 
the   naval   academy  j    and   was   promoted   to 


conunander  in  1882.  He  was  in  command 
of  the  warship  Maine,  which  was  destroyed 
by  a  sub-marine  mine  in  Havana  harbor. 
He  reiideied  important  service  diu"ing  the 
Si);niisli-American  war  of  1898,  being  in 
command  of  the  swift  cruiser  St.  Paul, 
which  was  called  Harvard,  and  is  now  re- 
tired. He  is  th.e  author  of  Deep  Sea  Sound- 
ing and  Dredging;  and  Personal  Narrative 
of  the  Battleship  Maine. 

Sikes,  Enoch  Walter,  educator,  author, 
was  burn  in  1868,  in  L'nion  county,  N.C. 
lie  is  professor  of  history  and  political 
I'conomy  at  Wake  Forest  college  of  North 
Carolina.  He  is  the  author  of  From  Col- 
ony to  Commonwealth;  Joseph  Hewes;  and 
other  "Works. 

Sikes,  Mrs.  Olive  Logan,  lecturer,  actress, 
author,  was  born  April  22,  1839,  in  El- 
mira,  N.Y.  She  was  the  author  of  Photo- 
graphs of  Paris  Life;  Chateau  Frissac,  or 
Home  Scenes  in  France;  John  Morris's 
.Money ;  Somebody's  Stockings ;  Apropos  of 
Women  and  Theaters;  Before  the  Foot- 
lights and  Behind  the  Scenes;  The  Mimic 
WOrld;  Get  Theo  Behind  Me,  Satan;  and 
Tlu  y  Met  by  Chance,  a  novel.  She  died  in 
April.    191)9,   ill    London,   England. 

Sikes,  William  Wirt,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  18:56  in  \Vatertown,  N.Y.  He 
\\a^  a  journalist  of  New  York  City;  and  in 
1876-83  was  consul  at  Cardiff,  Wales.  He 
was  the  author  of  British  Goblins;  Welsh 
Folk-Lore;  One  Poor  Girl;  Ramblers  and 
Studie.i  ill  Old  South  Wales;  and  Studies 
of  .Assassination.  He  died  Aug.  19,  1883, 
in    London,  England. 

Silkman,  James  Bailey,  lawyer,  spiritual- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  9,  1819,  in  Bedford,  N.Y. 
Prior  to  the  civil  war  he  caused  much  ex- 
eiteiiuiit  by  introducing  resolutions  against 
s!av(!iy  in  the  New  York  diocesan  conven- 
tion of  the  protestant  episcopal  church.  He 
bi'caim^  converted  to  spiritualism,  and  re- 
mained until  his  death  one  of  its  foremost 
adherents.  He  died  Feb.  4,  1888,  in  New 
York  City. 

Silkman,  Theodore  Hannibal,  lawyer,  pub- 
lic ollicial,  was  Itorn  .March  25,  1858,  in 
New  York  City.  He  received  his  education 
in  Hooper's  academy  of  Yoiikers,  N.Y.  In 
I.S79  he  was  ailiiiitted  to  the  bar  and  has 
since  practiced  law  continuoiisly  in  New 
Voik  City.  lie  has  been  Cnited  States 
coiiimissioiier  l(  r  the  city  of  Yoiikers ;  police 
coiiimissioner  for  six  years;  and  is  now 
|)resident  of  the  board.  In  1895  he  began 
a  term  of  six  years  as  surrogate  of  West 
("hesfcr   eoiinty.   X.^'. 

Sill,  Edward  Rowland,  educator,  poet,  was 
i)or!i  .\])ril.  29.  1S4I,  in  Windsor.  Conn.  He 
Wiis  professor  ill  the  imiversif y  of  Califor- 
nia in  1874-82.  lie  was  the  author  of  The 
iUrmitage.  and  Later  IWms;  and  Poems, 
lie   <li.(l    Feb.    27.    1887.    in   Cleveland,   Ohio. 

Sill,  John  Mahelm  Berry,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  iiutlior,  was  born  Nov.  23, 
1831,  ill  Black  Rock,  now  a  part  of  Buffalo, 


208 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


N.Y.  He  was  president  of  Michigan  state 
normal  school;  and  for  fourteen  years  was 
superintendent  Detroit  public  schools.  In 
1893-97  he  was  minister  resident  and  con- 
sul-general of  the  United  States  for  Korea. 
He  was  the  author  of  Synthesis  of  the  Eng- 
lish Sentence;  and  Practical  Lessons  in 
English.  He  died  April  G,  1901,  in  Detroit, 
Mich. 

Sill,  Joshua  Woodrow,  soldier,  was  born 
Dec.  6,  1831,  in  Chillicothe,,  Ohio.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  civil  war  he  was  commis- 
sioned assistant  adjutant-general  of  Ohio. 
He  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  thirty- 
third  Ohio  volunteers;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  Dec.  31, 
1802,   in   Murfrec-sboro,  Tenn. 

Sill,  Louise  Morgan,  author,  poet,  was 
born  in  Honolulu,  H.I.,  during  the  consul- 
generalship  of  her   late  father,   Major  Gen- 

eral  Morgan  L. 
Smith.  She  was  ed- 
ucated at  Mrs.  Pai- 
ro's  school  the  Mt. 
Vernon  institute  of 
Washington,  D.  C. 
She  married  George 
Imbrie  Sill  of  Al 
bany,  N.Y.  She  is  on 
the  editorial  staff  of 
Harper  and  brothers 
of  New  York  City; 
and  is  a  contributor 
to  magazines.  She 
is  the  author  of  In  Sun  or  Shades,  a  vol- 
ume of  poems. 

Sill,  Thomas  H.,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Connecticut.  In  1825-27  and  1829- 
31  he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  nineteenth  and  twenty-hrst 
congresses.     He  died   in  Pennsylvania. 

Sille,  Nicasius  de,  lawyer,  statesman,  was 
born  about  lOUU  in  Holland.  He  was  com- 
missioned by  the  Dutch  West  India  com- 
pany in  1G33  as  first  councillor  in  their 
provincial  government  of  New  Amsterdam. 
He  built  the  first  stone  house  in  New  Ut- 
recht; and  left  a  brief  history  of  the  set- 
tlement of  that  town.  He  died  in  New 
York. 

Silliman,  Augustus  Ely,  banker,  financier, 
author,  was  born  April  11,  1807,  in  New- 
port, R.I.  He  was  president  of  the  Mei'- 
chauts'  bank  of  New  Y'ork  City  in  1857-68. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Gallop  Among 
American  Scenery.  He  died  May  30,  1884, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Silliman,  Benjamin,  educator,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  4,  1816,  in  New  Ha- 
ven, Conn.  He  was  a  professor  of  chemis- 
try at  Yale  university  in  1846-85;  and  edi- 
tor of  Silliman's  Journal.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  First  Principles  of  Chemistry; 
American  Contributions  to  Chemistry;  and 
Principles  of  Physics.  He  died  Jan.  14, 
ISS.T,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Silliman,  Benjamin,  educator,  naturalist, 
author,   was    born    Aug.   8,    1779,   in   North 


Stratford,  Conn. 


He  was  a  chemist  of  dis- 
tinction ;  and  profes- 
sor of  chemistry  at 
Yale  university  in 
1802-55.  He  was  the 
founder  in  1818  of 
Silliman's  Journal  of 
Science  and  Art.  He 
was  the  author  of 
Journal  of  Travels 
in  England;  Narra- 
tive of  a  Visit  to 
Europe ;  Elements  of 
Chemistry;  and  Con- 
sistency of  Modern 
(jeology  with  Sacred  History.  He  died 
Nov.  24,  1864,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Silliman,  Gold  Selleck,  soldier,  was  born 
May  7,  1732,  in  Fairfield,  Conn.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  revolutionary  war  he  was 
colonel  of  cavalry  in  the  local  militia;  and 
during  the  greater  jiart  of  the  war  he  held 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  was 
cbarged  with  the  defense  of  the  southwest- 
ern frontier  of  Connecticut;  wliich,  owing 
to  the  long  occupation  of  New  York  City 
by  the  British,  was  a  duty  that  required 
much  vigilance.  He  died  Julj^  31,  1790,  in 
Kairticld,  Conn. 

Silliman,  Benjamin  Douglas,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  was  born  Sept.  14,  1805,  in  New- 
port, R.I.  In  1824  he  graduated^from  Yale 
_  college    and    in     1829 

began  the  practice  of 
law  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  elected 
to  the  New  York  leg- 
islature in  1838.  In 
1865  he  was  appoint- 
ed United  States  at- 
torney for  the  east- 
ern district  of  New 
York.  In  1873  he  re- 
ceived the  honorary 
degree  of  LL.D.  from 
Columbia  and  Yale 
colleges.  He  was  president  of  the  Brooklyn 
club;  president  of  the  Yak'  altr.ini  associa- 
tion of  Long  Island;  and  president  of  the 
New  England  societv  in  the  citj'  of  Brook- 
lyn. He  died  Jan.  '24,  1901,  in  New  Y^ork 
City. 

Silliman,  Justus  Mitchell, 
neer,  inventor,  was  born  Jan 
New  Canaan,  Conn.  In  1870 
to  the  charge  of  the  department  of  min- 
ing engineering  and  graphics  in  Lafayette 
college.  He  has  invented  an  instrument 
for  orthographic,  clinographic,  and  crystal- 
lographic  projection,  also  a  water  mano- 
nu-ter  and  anemometer.  He  died  in  1896 
in   Lafayette,  Ala. 

Silliman,  Reuben  Daniel,  lawyer,  jurist,, 
was  born  May  17,  1871,  in  Hudson,  Wis. 
In  1894-98  he  practiced  law  in  Duluih, 
Minn.;  and  in  1900  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  circuit  court  of  the  Hawaiian  Is- 
lands. 


25,   1842,   in 
he  was  called 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


209 


Silloway,  Thomas  William,  architect,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Aug.  7,  1S28,  in 
Newburyport,   Mass.      For   a   while   he   was 

in  the  gioccry  busi- 
ness; and  in  1851  be- 
gan the  profession  ot 
architecture,  lie  was 
an  architect  for  over 
f  o  ii  r  h  u  n  d  r  e  d 

churches,  either  new 
or  remodeled ;  was 
architect  of  the  state 
capitol  at  Montpelier, 
Vt. ;  and  architect 
for  the  Goddard  sem- 
ary  at  Barre,  Vt. ; 
LUiehtell  college  at 
Akron,  Oiiio;  and  nuiuerous  town  halls  and 
court  houses.  lie  suhse([Uently  became  a 
universalist  clergyman;  and  filled  pastor- 
ates in  Boston  and  Brighton,  Mass.  He 
was  the  autlior  of  Text  Book  of  Modern 
Caipentry;  Treatise  on  Warming  and  Ven- 
tilatiun;  (atliedral  Towns  of  England,  Ire- 
land, and  Scotland;  and  a  volume  of  Ser- 
mons. He  died  about  1909  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Silsbee,  Joshua  S.,  actor,  was  born  Jan. 
4.  ISl.").  in  I^itchtleld,  Conn.  He  was  the 
first  conu'dian  to  introduce  Yankee  charac- 
ters on  tlie  stage  in  Kiigland.  He  died  Dec. 
21.  1S.">.").  in  San    Fiancisco.  (al. 

Silsbee,  Mrs.  Marianne  Cabot,  autlior, 
lifterateur.  poet,  was  born  in  1812.  She  was 
tile  author  of  A  Half  Century  in  Salem; 
and  several  comi)ilations  of  poems.  She 
died   in    ISS'.t  in   I'.oston,   Mass. 

Silsbee,  Nathaniel,  merchant,  congress- 
man, L'nited  States  senator,  was  born  in 
177;i  in  Essex  county,  Mass.  He  was  fre- 
quently elected  to  tiie  IMassachusetts  state 
legislature;  and  for  three  years  was  presi- 
dent of  the  state  senate.  In  1817-21  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifteenth  and 
sixteenth  congresses;  and  in  182G-;55  he 
was  l'nited  States  senator.  He  was  a  presi- 
dential elector  in  1837.  He  died  July  1, 
1850.   in  Salem.  Mass. 

Silsby,  William  H.,  soldier,  farmer,  was 
born  Aug.  31,  1832,  in  I'nion  county.  Pa. 
He  served  during  the  civil  war  in  the  union 
army.  He  was  first  lieutenant  of  company 
I.  and  eai>tain  of  company  A.  in  the  tenth 
regiment  Iowa  volunteer  infantry;  and  was 
promoted  to  lieutenant  and  colonel  of  his 
regimenl.  He  is  now  a  successful  farnn-r 
of  .\sbland.  Oregon. 

Silva,  Francis  Augustus,  soldier,  artist, 
was  born  (»il.  ^.  \><'->'>.  in  New  York  City. 
He  served  in  the  union  army  during  the 
civil  war.  .Among  his  wr)rks  are  Sunrise 
in  Boston  Harbor;  September  Day  on  the 
Coast;  Ohl  Town  by  the  Sea;  Old  Conni-c- 
ticut  Port;  and  Passing  Showers.  He  died 
.March   31,   1880,   in  New  York   City. 

Silver,  Thomas,  civil  engineer,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  June  17.  1813,  in  (ireen- 
wich.  N.J.  He  was  a  civil  engineer  well 
known  as  an   inventor.     He  was  the  author 


of  A  Trip  to  the  North  Pole,  or  Theory  of 
the  Origitx  of  Icebergs.  He  died  April  12, 
1SS8,  in  Nev/  York  City. 

Silvester,  Charles  Frederick,  curator,  an- 
atomist, was  born  Dec.  21,  1870,  in  Prince- 
ton, N.J.  He  was  educated  at  Princeton 
university.  Hi  1899  he  accompanied  the 
Perry  relief  expediticni  as  collector  of  verte- 
brate material,  in  which  he  was  eminently 
successful.  He  is  now  curator  of  the  mor- 
phological museum  and  assistant  in  anat- 
omy at  tlie  Princeton  iiniversity  of  New 
Jersey. 

Silvester,  Peter,  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  in  New 
York.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Albany 
eommittee  of  safety  in  1774;  and  of  the 
New  York  provincial  congress.  He  was  a 
judge  of  the  common  pleas  in  1770.  In 
1789-91  lie  was  a  representative  from  New 
VorK  to  the  first  congress  under  tlie  fed- 
eral constitution.  He  was  subsequently  a 
state  senator.  He  died  Jan.  30,  1845,  in 
Kiii(!erliook,   N.Y. 

Silvester,  Richard  William,  educator,  agri- 
culturist, college  president,  was  born  Sept. 
10,  1857,  in  Norfolk,  Va.  In  1877  be  grad- 
uated from  the  Virginia  military  institute. 
He  was  elected  professor  of  mathematics 
and  military  tactics  at  the  Cliarlotte  acad- 
emy in  1877;  in  1880  the  chair  of  German 
was  added  to  his  duties;  and  in  1880-92 
was  principal  of  the  same  institution.  Since 
1892  he  lias  been  president  of  the  Maryland 
agricultural    college. 

Sim,  Arthur  W.,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
was  lioin  l)e;'.  21,  1859,  in  South  Danvers, 
now  Peabody.  ]\Iass.  He  received  the  rudi- 
lueiits  of  his  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  New  England;  and  graduated  from  Har- 
vard uni»ersily  and  from  Harvard  law 
school.  He  has  attained  success  in  the 
practice  of  law  at  Peabody,  Mass.;  is 
prominently  identified  with  the  business 
and  public'  affairs  of  that  city;  and  has 
tilled  several  positions  of  trust  and  honor. 
Since  1905  he  has  been  a  reiirescntative  in 
t  lie  Massaciiusetts  state  legislature. 

Simcock,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1086 
he  WIS  an  as-,<ieiate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  ot  I'eiinsylvania;  and  in  1890-93  he 
was    chief   justice. 

Simkins,  Arthur,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, was  born  about  1750  in  A'irginia. 
.\t  the  beginning  of  the  revoliUionary  war 
lie  took  sides  with  the  patriots;  and  his 
place,  known  as  Cedar  Fields,  was  burned 
bv  the  toiies.  After  tlie  war  lie  was  chos- 
en  a    inber  of  the  general   assembly,   ami 

retaine.l    jiis   seat    for   nearly    twenty   years. 
lie  ,lied    in    1S20   in    Kdgelieid.   S.C. 

Simkins,  Eldred,  lawyer,  lieutenant-gov- 
eriiiir.  coiigro'-man.  was  born  .\iig.  29,  1779, 
111  IMgelield,  S.C.  He  served  frequently  in 
the  leg' slat  lire;  was  lieutenant-giwernor  of 
South  Candina  in  1812:  ami  was  a  general 
of  militia.  In  1817-21  he  was  a  rejiresenta- 
tive    frnni    South    Carolina    to    the    tifteenth 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


and  sixteenth  congresses.     He  died  in   1832 
in  Edgetleld,   S.C. 

Simmons,  Edward  Emerson,  painter,  art- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  21,  1852,'  in  Concord, 
Mass.  He  designed  nine  large  paintings 
for  the  congressional  library  of  Washing- 
ton, D.C.;  and  a  panel.  The  Justice  of  the 
Law,  for  the  appellate  court  of  New  York 
City.  His  other  paintings  include  Study 
of  Concarneau;  The  Winnowers;  Corner  of 
the  Market;  Mother  and  Child;  Low  Tide; 
and  The  Carpenter's  Son.  He  has  also 
painted  many  portraits. 

Simmons,  Franklin,  sculptor,  artist,  was 
born  Jan.  11,  1839,  in  Webster,  Maine. 
Since  1868  he  has  lived  mostly  in  Rome. 
He  has  executed  about  one  hundred  por- 
trait busts  in  marble;  about  fifteen  pub- 
lic monuments,  including  statues  of  Will- 
iam King  and  Roger  Williams  in  the  na- 
tional capitol;  the  grand  army  of  the  re- 
public monument  of  General  Grant  for  the 
national  capitol;  and  the  equestrian  monu- 
ment of   General    Logan   in   Washington. 

Simmons,  Furnifold  McLendel,  lawyer, 
congressman.  United  States  senator,  wa^s 
born  Jan.  20,  1854,  in  Jones  county,  N.C. 
he  moved  to  New  Berne,  N.C, 
has  since  resided  and  practiced 
1887-89  he  Was  a  representative 
North  Carolina  to  the  fiftieth  con- 
as  a  democrat.  In  1901  he  was  elect- 
United  States  senator  for  the  terms 
1919. 


In     187t) 
where    lie 


law. 
from 
gress 
ed   a 

endin 


In 


Simmons,  George  A.,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1791  in  New 
Hampshire.  He  served  a  number  of  years 
in  the  assembly  of  New  Hampshire;  and 
in  185:!-.>7  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  thirty-third  and 
Ihirty-fourth  congresses.  He  died  Oct.  27, 
1S.57.  in  Keesville,  N.Y. 

Simmons,  George  Frederick,  clergyman, 
autnor,  was  born  March  24,  1814,  in  Bos- 
ton. Mass.  He  was  a  well-known  clergy- 
man of  Massachusetts  and  the  state  of 
New  York.  He  published  a  number  of  ser- 
mons aiid  religious  works.  He  died  Sept. 
."i.    18.")5,   in   Concord,   Mass. 

Simmons,   Henry  Martyn,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Aug.  20,  1841,  m 
T'aiis.   ^■.^'.      T^"i    several  years  he  was  su- 
perintendent   of 
schools     in     Kenosha, 
Wis.      He    filled    pas- 
torates    in      Syracuse 
and   lUon,   N.Y. ;    was 
pastor      at      Kenosha 
and     Madison,     Wis.; 
and    in    1881    became 
pastor     of     the     first 
unitarian     church     of 
Minneapolis,      M  i  n  n. 
He    held    several    edi- 
torial    positions.      He 
was     the     author     of 
Tlie     Unending    Genesis;     and    New    Tables 
of    Stone.      He   died    in    Minneapolis,    Minn. 


Simmons,  Gustavus  Lincoln,  surgeon,  phy- 
sic.an,  author,  was  born  March  13,  1832, 
in  Hingham,  Mass.  He  is  a  successful  phy- 
sician and  surgeon  of  Sacramento,  Cal.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Feigned  Insanity  of 
the  Public  Administrator  and  Murderer 
Troy  Dye. 

Simmons,  James,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
•lune  11,  1821,  in  Middlebury,  Vt.  He  was 
clerk  C(f  the  county  circuit  court  of  Wis- 
consin in  18l]l-71.  He  was  the  author  of 
Siminons's  Wisconsin  Digest;  Supplements 
to  the  the  same;  Supplement  to  Wait's  Di- 
gest, New  York  Reports;  and  Siminons's 
New  Wisconsin  Digest.  He  died  in  Wiscon- 
sin. 

Simmons,  James  Connolley,  farmer,  legis- 
lator, was  bora  Dec.  23,  1850,  in  Warren, 
Ind.  He  is  engaged  in  farming  and  ship- 
ping ]\\e  stock  in  \Vellsville,  Kan.  He 
held  the  office  of  register  of  deeds  of  Frank- 
lin county  in  1891-95;  and  was  postmaster 
in  1885-88.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Kan- 
sas state  legislature  in   1897. 

Simmons,  James  Fowler,  farmer,  manu- 
facturer, congres.sman.  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  Sept.  10,  1795,  in  Little 
Compton,  R.I.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island  in  1828- 
41.  In  1841-47  and  1857-02  he  was  United 
States  senator.  He  died  July  10,  1864,  in 
Johnson,   R.I. 

Simons,  James  S.,  real  estate  dealer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  25,  18GI,  in  Fred- 
erick county,  Md.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Liberty  academy;  and  at  Frederick  college. 
For  inany  years  he  has  been  engaged  in 
the  real  estate  business.  In  1909-11  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  sixty-first  congress  as  a  republican. 

Simmons,  James  Wright,  poet,  was  born 
in  South  Carolina.  He  was  the  author  of 
Blue  Beard,  a  Poem;  The  Greek  Girl;  and 
a  series  of  metrical  tales.  Wood  Notes  from 
the  West,  remain  in  manuscript.  Poems 
by  both  brothers  may  be  found  in  Duyc- 
kinck's  Cyclopaedia  of  American  Literature. 
He  died  iii  North  Carolina. 

Simmons,  Joseph  Edward,  banker,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  Sept.  9,  1841,  in 
Troy,  N.Y.  In  1866  he  removed  to  New 
York  City,  where  he  has  since  engaged  in 
banking.  He  became  a  member  of  the  stock 
exchange  in  1872;  and  was  its  president 
in  1884-85.  He  was  appointed  a  commis- 
sioner of  education  in  1881;  and  was  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  education  in  1886-88. 
In  1888  he  was  made  president  of  the 
Fourth  national  bank  of  New  York  City. 
Me  is  president  of  the  New  York  clearing 
house;  and  president  of  the  Panama  rail- 
road  comj^any. 

Simmons,  Thomas  Jefferson,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  June  25,  1837,  in  Crawford 
county,  (la.  Jn  1871  and  1875  he  was 
elected  state  senator  from  (ieorgia;  in  1878 
iudge  of  the  superior  court;  and  in  1887 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court;  and 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


211 


ill    18!)-M0U()    was    chief    justice.      He    died 
in   1905  in  Atlanta,  Ca. 
Simmons,  Wallace  Delafield,  merchant,  di- 


Imrn     N(>\ 


M.     ISli 


in     St. 


He   graduated   from    Yale    uni- 
1890    he    has    bren    engaged 


^inee 


Conn.       In     lS-29 


rei-tor,     wa- 
Lou's,   Mo. 
versitv. 

in  the  hardware  business,  becoming  direct- 
or of  the  Simmons  hardware  company  in 
1S92.  and  sineo  1S9S  has  been  president, 
lie  is  also  director  of  the  National  bank 
of  commerce  of  St.  Louis.  He  is  vice- 
presidint  of  the  chamber  of  commerce  of 
the    I'nited    State-    of    Aincriea. 

Simmons,  William  Hayne,  poet,  author, 
was  Ix.rn  ab:.ut  187.1  in  South  Carolina. 
He  jnililisiu'd  anoiivMiously  an  Indian  poem 
entitled  Onea.  lie  is  also  the  author  of  A 
b:ist(,rv  of  the  Sem"noles. 

Simins,  Jeptha  Root,  merchant,  author, 
wa^    l>orii     Dec.    ol,     1807.     in     Canterbury, 

l)egan  the  retail  dry 
goods  business  in 
New  York  City;  an. I 
three  years  later  con- 
tinued the  business 
in  Schoharie  county, 
N'.Y.  After  1842  he 
filled  the  office  of  toll 
(olkctor,  and  for 
une  years  was  ticket 
igent.  His  spar  e 
hours  were  employed 
in  collecting  an  as- 
sortment of  fossils, 
which  he  sold  for 
live  thousand  dollars  to  the  stale  of  New 
York  Tor  the  (Geological  museum  of  Al- 
bany, lie  was  the  author  of  a  History  of 
Sd. ')liarie  County;  The  American  Spy,  Na- 
than Hale;  Trappers  of  New  York;  and 
The  Frontiersmen.  He  died  ]klay  31.  1883, 
in    Fort    IMain.  N.V. 

Simmons,  William  Johnson,  clergyman, 
author,  was  I'orn  .liuie  29,  1849.  in  Cliarles- 
lon,  S.C.  In  1879  he  was  called  to  a 
church  in  Lex'nglon.  Ky.;  and  in  1880  lie 
was  elicte;!  president  of  the  state  univcr- 
-i(v.  !Ie  was  the  autlior  of  a  work  entitled 
Men  of  .Mark.  He  .lied  l);e.  :!0.  1890.  in 
Lexington.    Ky. 

Simms,  Joseph,  physiognomist,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  3.  1833,  in  IMain- 
lli  Id  Cent'r.   N.Y.      In    1854-84  he  didivered 

lectures  in  all  jmrts 
of  the  world,  his  prin- 
cipal led  tire  being 
How  to  nise  in  the 
\\'oild.  He  taught 
school  in  New  York, 
New  .lerscy,  Wiseoii- 
-in,  and  Illinois,  lat- 
tr  studied  medicine 
and  surgery;  and 
practiced  his  profes- 
sion for  a  short  time. 
He  is  the  author  of 
a  I'  h  y  s  i  o  g  nomieal 
;  Nature's  ll.-velations  of  Character; 
of    Scientific    Lectures;     Health    and 


Chart 
Book 


Cliaraeler;     and     IMactical     and     Scientific 
I'iixsiognomy. 

Simms,  Joseph  Milburn,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sept.  19,  1811,  in  ratu.\ent,  Md.  He 
ui's   educated   in   the   public  schools  of   the 

District  of  Columbia. 
In  1861  he  served  in 
the  sixth  battalion 
District  of  Columbia 
volunteers;  in  18(53 
was  appointed  a  mas- 
ter in  the  United 
States  navy;  and  in 
18()3  was  promoted 
acting  ensign.  He 
served  in  the  north 
Atlantic  blockading 
squadron  and  on  wa- 
ters of  the  southern 
Pacific.  In  18().)  he  was  wounded  in  a 
land  attack  on  Fort  Fisher;  and  in  1808 
lesigiud  from  the  navy.  In  1868  he  was 
commissioned  third  lieutenant  in  United 
States  revenue  cutter  service;  and  has 
served  in  various  states  from  Maine  to  the 
(3ulf  of  Mexico.  In  1895  he  was  retired 
as  first  lieutenant;  and  was  advanced  to 
(•ai)tain  on  the  retired  list  on  the  United 
States  revenue  cutter  service  for  meritori- 
ous acts  and  wounds  received  in  the  United 
Stales    service. 

Simms,  William  E.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Ki-ntucky.  In  18.59-Gl  he  was  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty- 
sixth   congress.     He  died   in  Kentucky. 

Simms,  William  Gilmore,  lawyer,  author, 
poet,  was  born  April  17,  180G,  in  Charles- 
ton. S.C.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Par- 
tisan; The  Yemassee;  Guy  Rivera;  Martin 
Falier;  Border  Beagles;  Beauchampe;  and 
twelve  volumes  of  verse;  Atlantis;  Lays  of 
the  Palmetto;  and  Areytos,  or  Songs  and 
Ballads  of  the  South.  Other  works  of  his 
include  A  History  of  South  Carolina;  and 
Lives  of  Marion.  General  Greene.  Captain 
Folm  Smith,  and  Chevalier  Bayard.  He 
(lie,1   .Inne    11.    1870.    in    Charleston.   S.C. 

Simon,  Charles  E.,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  "^23,  1866,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  In  1897  he  opened  the  first 
clinical  laboratory  in  Baltimore,  Md.;  and 
is  a  teacher  of  clinical  laboratory  methods 
to  |)ost-graduates  in  medicine;  and  is  a 
professor  of  the  Baltimore  medical  college. 
He  is  Hie  author  of  Clinical  Diagnosis;  and 
I'hysiidogical   Chemistry. 

Simon,  Joseph,  lawyer.  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  in  IS^l  in  (lerinany.  Since 
1872  he  has  practiced  law  in  Portland,  Ore. 
Ill  189-^  he  was  delegate  to  the  national  re- 
imblican  convention.  In  1880-98  he  was  a 
slate  senator  of  Oregon;  and  president  of 
the  state  senate  in  1889.  1891,  189;i.  1897 
and  the  special  sessi<m  of  1898.  In  1899- 
1!)0:',  he  was  Cnited  States  senator  from 
Oregon. 

Simon,  William,  chemist,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  20,  1844,  in  Germany.  In 
1870-1907   he  was  chemist  to  the  Baltimore 


212 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


chrome  works;  in  1872-1902  was  professor 
of  chemistry  in  the  Maryland  college  of 
pharmacy;  and  is  now  professor  of  chemis- 
try in  the  College  of  physicians  and  sur- 
geons of  Baltimore,  Md. ;  and  in  the  Balti- 
more college  of  dental  surgery.  He  is  the 
author  of  Manual  of  Chemistry. 

Simonds,  Frederic  William,  educator,  ge- 
ologist, author,  was  born  July  3,  1853,  in 
Charlestown,  Mass.  In  1875  he  graduated 
from  Cornell  university  with  the  degree  of 
B.S. ;  and  subsequently  received  the  degrees 
of  M.S.,  Ph.D.  and  D.SC.  In  1877-81  he 
was  professor  of  geology,  zoology  and  bot- 
ony  in  the  university  of  North  Carolina; 
and  in  1887-90  was  professor  of  geology 
and  biology  in  the  university  of  Arkansas. 
Since  1895  he  has  been  professor  of  geology 
in  the  university  of  Texas.  He  is  a  fel-  . 
low  of  the  American  association  for  the  ad- 
vancement of  science.  He  is  the  author  of 
Annual  Reports  of  the  Geological  Survey 
of  Arkansas;  A  Record  of  the  Geology  of 
Texas  for  the  Decade  Ending  in  1890;  Tiie 
Geography  of  Texas;  Physical  and  Polit- 
ical, and  other  works. 

Simonds,  William,  journalist,  author,  was 
lioni  Oct.  30,  1822,  in  Charleston,  Mass.  He 
was  a  Bostor.  journalist;  and  was  a  very 
po])ular  writer  for  young  people.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Aimwell  Stories;  The 
Boys'  Own  Guide;  and  Boys'  Book  of  Mor- 
als' and  Manners.  He  died  July  7,  1859,  in 
Wincliester,   IMass. 

Simonds,  William  Edgar,  soldier,  lecturer, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  Nov.  25, 
1841,    in    Collinsville,    Conn.      He    practiced 

law  in  H  a  r  t  f  o  r  d, 
Conn.  During  1884- 
93  he  filled  the  lec- 
tureship on  patent 
law  in  the  Yale  law 
school ;  and  for  three 
years  in  1891-93  filled 
the  Same  chair  in  the 
Columbia  university 
of  Washington,  D.C. 
In  1882  he  was  elect- 
ed a  member  of  the 
Connecticut  state  leg- 
islature; and  in  1885 
received  the  re-election  and  was  made 
speaker.  In  1889-91  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-first  congress;  and  was 
United  States  commissioner  of  patents  in 
1891-93.  He  was  author  of  Design  Pat- 
ents ;  Digest  of  Patent  Office  Decisions ; 
Digest  of  Patent  Cases;  and  Summary  of 
Patent  Law.  He  died  Ma'-ch  1914,  in  Hart- 
ford. Conn. 

Simonds,  William  Edward,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  10,  1860,  in  Peabody, 
Mass.  In  1883  he  graduated  from  Brown 
university;  and  took  post-graduate  studies 
in  the  universities  of  Berlin  and  Strass- 
burg.  In  1883-85  he  taught  in  the  Provi- 
dence high  schools;  in  1888-89  was  an  in- 
structor  of   German    at   Cornell    university; 


and  since  1889  has  been  professor  of  Eng- 
lish literature  in  Knox  college  of  Gales- 
burg,  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Sir  Thomas 
Wyatt  and  His  Poems;  An  Introduction  to 
the  Study  of  English  Fiction;  and  A  Stu- 
dent's History  of  English   Literature. 

Simons,  Algie  Martin,  editor,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  9,  1870,  in  North  Free- 
dom, Wis.  Since  1900  he  has  been  editor 
of  the  International  Socialist  Review  of 
Chicago,  111.;  and  also  edits  the  Chicago 
Daily  Socialist.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
American  Farmer;  and  Class  Struggles  in 
America. 

Simons,  Michael  Laird,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  7,  1843,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  edited  Stoddard's  Review;  con- 
densed D'Aubigne's  History  of  the  Refor- 
mation; published  Half-Hours  with  the 
Best  Preachers;  and  continued  Duyckinck's 
Cyclopaedia  of  American  Literature.  His 
last  work  was  an  extensive  History  of  the 
World.  He  died  Nov.  17,  1880,  in  Phila- 
(lcli)liia.    Pi. 

Simons,  Samuel,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1792,  in  Bridgeport,  Conn.  In  1843-45 
he  was  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
to  the  twenty-eighth  congi'ess.  He  died 
Jari.    13,    1847,   in   Bridgeport,    Conn. 

Simons,  Thomas  Young,  soldier,  journal- 
ist, lawyer,  state  legislator,  was  born  Oct. 
1,  1828,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  In  1854-60  he 
was  a  member  of  the  South  Carolina  legis- 
lature; and  in  1800  a  presidential  elector. 
He  was  also  a  member  of  the  convention 
that  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession  in 
December,  1860.  In  the  civil  war  he  served 
as  captain  of  the  twenty-seventh  South 
Carolina  regiment;  and  later  as  judge-ad- 
vocate. He  died  April  30,  1878,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C. 

Simonson,  John  Smith,  soldier,  was  born 
June  2,  1790,  in  Uniontown,  Pa.  At  the 
opening  of  the  civil  war  he  was  made  su- 
perintendent of  the  volunteer  recruiting 
service  at  Indianapolis,  Ind;  and  he  con- 
tinued on  active  military  duty  till  1869. 
In  1805  he  was  brevet'ted  brigadier-gen- 
eral United  States  army  for  long  and  faith- 
ful service.  He  died  Dec.  5,  1881,  in  New 
Albany,   Ind. 

Simonton,  Charles  Bryson,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  8,  1838,  in 
Tipton  county,  Tenn.  He  was  a  member  of 
tlie  state  house'  of  representatives  in  1877- 
78.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  to  the  forty-sixth  and  for- 
ty-seventh congresses. 

Simonton,  Charles  H.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  July  11,  1829,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  In  1858-86  he  was  a  member  of 
the  South  Carolina  state  legislattlre,  ex- 
cept during  the  civil  war  and  reconstruc- 
tion period.  He  served  in  the  confederate 
iinny  as  captain  of  the  Washington  light 
infantry;  and  later  was  colonel  of  the 
twenty-fifth  regiment  South  Carolina  vol- 
unteers.    In   1887-93  he  was  United  States 


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213 


district  judge  for  the  district  of  South 
Can  Una  and  in  1893  hecame  United  .States 
circuit  judge  for  the  fourth  circuit  of 
South  Carolina.  He  was  the  author  of 
Lectures  on  Jurisdiction  and  Practice  of 
United  States  Courts;  and  Digest  of  the 
Equity  Decisions,  State  of  South  Carolina. 
Ho  diVd  in   1004  in  Charleston,  S.C. 

Simonton,  James  William,  journalist, 
founder,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1823,  in  Colum- 
bia county,  N.Y.  He  was  one  of  the  orig- 
inal proprietors  of  the  New  York  Times. 
His  letters,  entitled  Tlie  History  of  Legis- 
lation, were  really  a  record  of  the  times. 
He  became  part  owner  in  1859  of  the  Eve- 
ning Bulletin  in  San  Francisco,  and  sub- 
sequently of  the  Morning  Call  of  that  city. 
He  died'Nov.  2,  1882,  in  Napa,  Cal. 

Simonton,  John  Wiggins,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Dec.  2,  1820,  in  Hanover  town- 
ship. Pa.  In  1881  he  became  presiding 
judge  for  the  twelfth  judicial  district  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1895  he  was  president  of 
the  Pennsylvania  state  bar  association.  He 
died  in  1903  in  Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Simonton,  William,  congressman,  was 
boin  in  Huuimelstown,  Pa.  In  1839-43  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  con- 
gresses. He  died  May  18,  1840,  in  Han- 
over, Pa. 

Simpkins,  John,  state  senator,  congress- 
man, was  Ixirii  .lune  27,  1862,  in  New  Bed- 
ford. Mass.  -  He  attended  the  public  school 
of  Yarmouth,  Mass.;  was  prepared  for  col- 
lege at  St.  Mark's  school  of  Southboro, 
:Mass.;  and  in  1885  graduated  from  the 
Harvard  university.  In  1890-91  ho  was  a 
member  of  Massachusetts  state  senate.  In 
1892  he  was  presidential  elector  for  Har- 
rison and  Rcid.  In  1892-93  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  republican  club  of  Massachu- 
setts; and  in  1892,  1893  and  1894  was  a 
member  of  Massachusetts  republican  state 
committee.  In  189.")-99  ho  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Massachusetts  to  the  fifty- 
fourth  and  fifty-fifth  congresses  as  repub- 
lican. He  died  :March  27,  1898,  in  Yarn- 
ville,  Mass. 

Simpson,  Albert  B.,  clergyman,  founder, 
autliKi'.  llo  f<)\iiidi'il  and  is  jiresident  ami 
general  superintendent  of  the  christian  and 
nii.ssionary  alliance  of  New  York  City,  lie 
has  sent  out  hundreds  of  foreign  mission- 
aries; and  is  pastor  of  the  Gospel  taber- 
nacle of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  aulh(tr 
of  Christ  in  the  Bible,  in  six  volumes;  and 
several    other   religious    works. 

Simpson,  Charles  Torrey,  zoologist,  sci- 
entist, author,  was  horn  June  3,  1840,  in 
Tiskilwn,  111.  In  1889-1902  he  was  con- 
nected with  the  United  States  national  nlu- 
seum.  He  is  the  author  of  Ceographical 
Distribution  of  the  Land  and  Fresh  Water 
Molluska  of  the  West  Indies;  Synopsis  of 
the  Naiades,  or  Pearly  Fresh  Water  .Mus- 
sels; Mollusca  of  Porto  Rico;  Unionidse  of 
Florida;   and  various  scientific   papers. 


Simpson,  Cyrus  M.,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  Dec.  9,  1844.  in  Rockville.  Ind. 
He  served  in  the  civil  war  in  the  Kansas 
cavalry.  He  is  now  a  member  of  the  law 
firm  of  Simpson,  Moody  and  Simpson  of 
Pasadena.  He  was  formerly  clerk  of  the 
district  court  and  mayor  of  lola,  Iowa; 
and  in  1877-86  was  postmaster  of  that  city. 
In  1892  he  was  a  member  of  the  California 
state  assembly;  and  in  1895-1903  was  a 
member   of   the   state   senate. 

Simpson,  Edward,  naval  oflScer,  author, 
was  born  Alarch  3,  1824,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  naval  ollicer  of  prominence;  and 
in  1884  became  rear-admiral.  In  1886  he 
was  president  of  the  board  of  inspection. 
He  was  the  author  of  Ordnance  and  Naval 
(lunnery;  The  Naval  Mission  to  Europe; 
and  Report  of  the  Gun  Foundry  Board.  He 
died   Dec.  2,   1888,   in  Washington,  D.C. 

Simpson,  George  Bennett,  railway  oflTicial, 
was  born  Sept.  1804,  in  Rock  Island,  111. 
He  entered  railway  service  in  1878  in  the 
superintendent's  office  of  the  Chicago,  Bur- 
lington and  Quincy  railroad.  In  1884-87 
was  a  clerk  in  the  general  freight  office  of 
the  Wabash  and  St.  Louis  and  Pacific  rail- 
way at  St.  Louis.  In  1887-89  he  was  chief 
clerk  of  the  general  freight  department  of 
the  Wabash  railway  at  Chicago,  and  in 
1889-97  was  in  cliarge  of  the  tariff  depart- 
ment at  St.  Louis.  Since  1899  he  has  been 
assistant  general  freight  agent  of  the  Chi- 
cago and  Alton  railroad  at  Kansas  City. 

Simpson,    George    Semmes,    pioneer,    was 

born  May  7,  1818,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  After 
various  experiences  in  Wyoming,  Colorado, 
and  New  Mexico,  he  built  the  old  fort  in 
1842  where  'the  citv  of  Pueblo  now  stands. 
He  died  Sept.  4,  1885,  in  Trinidad,  Colo., 
and  was  buried  in  a  tomb  cut  out  of  the 
solid  rock  on  the  summit  of  a  mountain 
known  as  Simpson's  Nest,  where  he  had 
once  found  shelter  from  the  Indians.  A 
nionunieni    marks    the    sjiot. 

Simpson,  Harvey  Strother,  railroad  presi- 
dent, \\as  born  in  1854  in  Laurens,  S.C. 
Since  1891  ho  has  been  ])resident  of  the 
tilenn    Springs    railroad   of   South   Carolina. 

Simpson,  Henry,  legislator,  author,  was 
born  in  1790  in  IVnnsylvania.  He  was  a 
nieinber  of  the  Pennsylvania  state  legisla- 
ture, lie  was  the  author  of  Lives  of  Emi- 
nent Philadel|)hians.  He  died  March  25, 
1S0<»,   in    IMiiladelphia.   Pa. 

Simpson,  James,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  18.52- 
07  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Kentucky. 

Simpson.  James  Hervey,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, aiitlior,  WHS  born  March  9,  1813,  in 
New  Jersey.  lie  was  a  colonel  of  engi- 
neers; and  brevet  brigadier-general  in  the 
United  States  army.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  Shortest  Route  to  California:  and 
Coronado's  March  in  Search  of  the  Seven 
Cities  of  Cibola.  He  died  March  2,  1883, 
in   St.  Paul,  Minn. 


214 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Simpson,  Jerry,  sailor,  farmer,  congress- 
man, wao  born  March  31,  1842,  in  New 
Brunswick.  In  1878  he  settled  in  Kansas; 
and  was  engaged  in  farming  and  stock 
raising  in  Barber  county.  In  1891-95  and 
1897-99  he  was  a  representative  from  Kan- 
sas to  the  fifty-second,  fifty-third  and  fifty- 
fifth  congresses.  He  died  Oct.  23,  1905, 
iu  Wichita,  Kan. 

Simpson,  John,  soldier,  statesman.  In 
1813  ne  was  elected  to  the  thirteenth  con- 
gress, but  did  not  serve.  He  served  as  a 
captain  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  mas- 
sacred Jan.  22,   1813,  at  the  River  Basin. 

Simpson,  John,  soldier,  was  born  Jan.  21, 
1840,  in  Betiiel,  Ohio.  In  1802-65  he  served 
in  the  fiftli  Ohio  volunteer  cavalry.  In 
1807  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in 
the  fourth  artillery;  and  in  1901  became 
colonel  and  assistant  quartermaster-gen- 
eral. In  1803  he  was  retired  with  the  rank 
of    brigadier-general    in    the    United    States 

army. 

Simpson,  Joseph  W.,  merchant,  legislator, 
was  liorn  in  1870  in  York  Harbor,  Maine. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  and  private 
schools  of  Kent's  Hill  and  York,  Maine. 
He  is  a  provision  merchant  and  interested 
in  real  estate  at  York,  Maine.  In  1897  he 
was  a  representative  in  the  Maine  state 
legislature.  He  has  been  town  treasurer; 
and  member  of  the  county  committee;  and 
in  1905-06  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
state   senate. 

Simpson,  Josiah,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1812  be  was  appoint- 
ed United  States  district  judge  for  the  ter- 
ritory of  Mississippi.  He  died  in  Missis- 
sippi. 

Simpson,  Josiah,  army  surgeon,  was  born 
Feb.  27,  1815,  m  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  In 
1837  he  became  assistant  surgeon  in  the 
L'nited  States  army;  and  served  through- 
oar  the  Florida.  Mexican  and  civil  wars. 
He  died  INIarclv  3,  1874,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
Simpson,  Matthew,  clergyman,  bishop,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  20,  1811,  in  Cadiz, 
Ohio.  He  was  a  methodist  bishop;  and  fa- 
mous as  a  pulpit 
orator.  In  1839-49 
he  was  president  of 
the  Indiana  Asbury 
university,  now  called 
the  Ue  Pauw  univer- 
sity. He  rendered 
vast  services  to  the 
country  during  the 
civil  war ;  was  often 
sent  for  to  visit 
Washington;  and  as 
early  as  1861  he  had 
suKsestcd    the    neces- 

OCT 

sity  of  an  emancipation  proclamation.  He 
was  the  author  of  Lectures  on  Preaching; 
A  Hundred  Years  of  Methodism;  Sermons; 
and  Cyclopaedia  of  Methodism.  He  died 
-lune    IS,    1884.   in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Simpson,    Marcus    De    Lafayette,    soldier, 
was  born  Aug   28,  1824,  in  Esperance,  N.Y. 


During  the  civil  war  he  served  in  the  com- 
missary-general's office;  and  he  was  bre- 
vetted  colonel,  brigadier-general,  and  major- 
general  in  1865.  He  retired  from  the  army 
in  1888  with  rank  of  brevet  major-general 
and  colonel. 

Simpson,  Michael,  soldier,  was  born  May 
19,  1740,  in  Paxtaug,  Fa.  At  the  beginning 
of  the  revolution  he  was  appointed  lieuten- 
ant in  the  first  Pennsylvania  battalion.  He 
was  promoted  captain,  commanded  a  com- 
pany at  the  battle  of  Long  Island  ;  and  also 
participated  in  the  battles  of  Trenton, 
Princeton,  Brandywine,  Germantown,  and 
White  Plains.  He  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  of  Pennsylvania  troops  under  orders 
for  the  establishment  of  a  provisional  army. 
He  died  June  1,  1813,  in  York  county.  Pa. 

Simpson,  Michael  H.,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Nov.  15,  1809,  in  Newbury- 
port,  Mass.  He  invented  a  machine  for  sep- 
arating burrs  from  the  wool ;  and  invented  a 
machine  for  combing  the  fibers.  For  many 
years  he  was  engaged  iu  the  manufacture  of 
bunting;  and  the  first  flag  of  American 
bunting  was  made  in  his  mills  near  Fram- 
ingham,  Mass.  He  died  in  Framingham, 
]\Iass. 

Simpson,  Richard  F.,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  South  Carolina.  He 
was  a  nieinl)ev  of  the  South  Carolina  state 
senate.  In  1843-49  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  twenty-ejghth,  twenty-ninth  and  thir- 
tieth congresses.  He  died  in  South  Caro- 
lina. 

Simpson,  Robert  Tennent,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  June  5,  1837.  in  Florence,  Ala. 
He  began  the  practice  of  law  in  Camden, 
Ala.;  and  in  1870-1903  practiced  his  profes- 
sion in  Florence,  Ala.  Since  1903  he  has 
been  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Alabama. 

Simpson,  Samuel,  educator,  clergyman, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  Nov.  24,  1868,  in 
Centerville,  Mich.  In  1894-96  he  was  pastor 
of  the  congregational  church  of  Garner, 
Iowa  ;  and  in  1898-1900  was  pastor  at  Char- 
don,  Ohio.  He  is  now  an  associate  professor 
of  American  church  history  at  the  Hartford 
theoloaical  seminary.  He  is  the  author  of 
Life  of  Ulrich,  Zwingli,  Swiss  Patriot  and 
Reformer. 

Simpson,  Samuel  P.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Missouri.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant-col- 
onel in  the  twelfth  regiment  INIissouri  state 
militia  cavalry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.     lie  resigned 

iu  1865. 

Simpson,  Stephen,  soldier,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  24,  1789,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  fought  at  the  battle  of  New 
Orleans.  He  became  editor  and  proprietor 
of  The  Portico  and  in  1822  established  the 
Columbian  Observer,  a  democratic  paper  in 
the  interests  of  Andrew  Jackson.  He  was 
the  author  of  Life  of  Stephen  Oirard.  He 
died  Aug.   17,   1854,  in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Simpson,  W.  D.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state    senator,    congressman,    governor,    was 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


215 


born  June  11.  1803.  in  Brunswick  count.v. 
Va.  In  1856-60  lie  was  a  roi)resentative  in 
the  South  Carolina  state  lesislature ;  and 
was  elected  a  state  senator  in  1860.  He  en- 
tered the  confederate  army  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  on  staff  dut.v ;  and  was  afterward 
major  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  line.  In 
1863  he  was  elected  a  representative  in  the 
confederate  congress.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina  to  the  forty-first 
congress.  In  1876-80  he  was  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  South  Carolina  :  and  in  1879-80  was 
the  forty-fourth  governor.  In  1880-86  he 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
state.  He  died  Dec.  26,  1890.  in  Columbia, 
S.C. 

Simpson,  William,  hiwyer,  jurist.  In  1866 
he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Kentucky. 

Simpson,  William  Alexander,  lawyer,  sci- 
entist, author,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1836,  in 
Knox  county,  Tenn.  He  has  been  county 
surveyor  of  Roane  and  Loudon  counties, 
Tenn. ;  for  sixteen  years  a  member  of  the 
magistrate's  court  of  Loudon  county ;  and 
for  twenty-three  years  postmaster  of  Stock- 
ton. He  is  the  author  of  A  Common  Sense 
Commentary   on    the   Bible. 

Simpson,  William  Augustus,  soldier,  was 
born  Feb.  11.  1854.  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  In 
1875  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in 
the  second  artillery  ;  and  in  1898  was  on 
General  Merritt's  staff  in  the  Philippine  ex- 
pedition. Since  1905  he  has  been  adjutant 
general  of  the  department  of  California. 

Simrall,  H.  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1817.  He  was  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Mississippi.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1901, 
in   ^'icksburg.   Miss. 

Sims,  Alexander  Dromgoole,  educator, 
lawyer,  congressman,  was  born  June  11, 
1803.  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.  He  served 
in  the  South  Carolina  state  legislature  in 
1840-42:  and  in  1845-49  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  South  Carolina  to  the  twen- 
ty-ninth and  thirtieth  congresses.  He  died 
Nov.  11.  1848.  in   Kingstree.   S.C. 

Sims,  Charles  Abercrombie,  civil  engineer, 
railroad  contractor,  was  born  June  5,  1866. 
nea-r  Memphis,  Tenn.  He  wa.s  resident  en- 
gineer in  charge  of  building  the  Pennsyl- 
vania railroad's  slone  arch  bridge  over  the 
Conemaugh  river  that  stood  the  Johnstown 
flood  of  1889.  He  is  a  member  of  the  firm 
of  Charles  \.  Sims  and  company,  contractors 
who  built  the  stone  arch  bridge  over  the 
Di'laware  river  for  the  Pennsylvania  rail- 
road at  Tri-nton.  .\'.J.  He  is  a  noted  civil 
engineer  and  railroad  contractor  of  Phila- 
deipliia.    Pa. 

Sims,  Charles  N.,  derpyman.  college  pres- 
ident, author,  was  born  May  18.  1835,  in 
I'nion  county.  Ind.  In  1860  he  became 
president  of  Valparaiso  college  of  Indiana  ; 
and  in  1862  was  appointed  to  a  pastoral 
charge  in  Riclunond.  Ind.  In  1880-93  he 
was  clian-ellor  of  Syra<'use  university  ;  and 
is  now  filling  a  pastorate  in   Syracuse,   N.Y. 


In  1882-83  he  was  commissioner  to  the  Onon- 
daga Indian  nation.  He  is  the  author  of  a 
Life   of   Thomas    M.    p]ddy. 

Sims,  Clifford  Stanley,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, diplomat,  author,  was  born  Feb.  17, 
1839,  in  Dauphin  county.  Pa.  In  1864-69 
iie  v.as  judge-advocate-general  of  Arkan- 
sas; and  in  1868-69  was  a  representative 
in  the  legislature.  For  the  next  nine  years 
he  was  United  States  consul  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Preseott,  Canada.  He  was  the 
author  of  Tl'.e  Origin  and  Signification  of 
Scottish  Surnames.  He  died  in  1896  in 
New  Jersey. 

Sims,  Harry  Marion,  physician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  27,  1851.  in  ^lont- 
goniery,  Ala.  He  has  lectured  for  several 
years  on  gynecologj'  before  the  New  York 
polyclinic.  He  has  prepared  an  American 
edition  of  Dr.  Grail ly  Hewitt's  work  on 
Diseases  of  Women,  with  additions  showing 
the  later  improvements  in  gynecology  in 
America. 

Sims,  Henry  Augustus,  architect,  was 
born  Dee.  22.  1832,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
He  was  long  the  secretary  for  foreign  cor- 
respondence of  the  American  insftute  of 
architects.  He  designed  many  city  and 
country  residences;  and  among  other  pub- 
lic buildings,  the  Columbia  avenue  and  sec- 
ond preshytcrian  cliurches  in  Philadelphia; 
the  chapel  at  Mercersburg,  Pa;  the  court- 
house at  Hagerstown,  Md. ;  and  the  alm.s- 
house  of  Montgomerv  county.  Pa.  He  died 
.Jiily   1(».    1875.   in    Piiiladelp'hia,   Pa. 

Sims,  James  Marion,  physician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  25,  1813,  in  Lancas- 
ter county,  S.C.  To  his  induence  is  due 
tlie  estahlisliiuent  of  gynecology  as  a  de- 
partment of  medicine.  He  was  the  author 
of  Clinical  Notes  on  Uterine  Surgery; 
Ovariotomy ;  and  The  Story  of  Mv  Life. 
He   died  Nov.    13,    1883,   in  New  York   City. 

Sims,  James  Peacock,  designer,  architect, 
was  born  Nov.  15,  1S41),  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  designed,  besides  many  private 
residences,  the  building  of  the  Royal  in- 
surance company,  Christ  church  and  Holy 
trinity  memorial  chapels,  Philadelphia,  lie 
•  lied   'May   20.    1882.    in    Philadelphia.    Pa. 

Sims,  Leonard  H.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  North  Carolina.  He  was  a  resident  of 
(Ireene  county.  .Mo.;  and  in  1845-47  he 
was  a  representative  from  Missouri  to  the 
twenty-ninth  congress.  He  died  in  Spring- 
11. -1.1.  ".Mo. 

Sims,  Thetus  Willrette,  educator,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Ai)ril  25,  1852,  in 
Wayne  county,  Tenn.  In  1882-84  he  was 
county  snperinteiideiit  of  public  instruction 
for  Perry  county.  Tenn.  In  1S!»7U>15  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-fifth,  fifty- 
sixth,  fifty-.seventh,  fifty-eighth'  fifty-ninth, 
si.xtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second,  and  six- 
tythii'd    conj.'resses   as   a   democrat. 

Sims,  William  Sowden,  naval  ollicer,  was 
born  in  18S2  in  Kansas.  He  was  appoint- 
ed  midshipman   of  the    Cnitcd   States  navy. 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


In  1902  was  promoted  lieutenant  command- 
er; in  1907  attained  the  rank  of  com- 
mander; and  since  1902  has  been  inspector 
of  target  practice  in  Washington,   D.C. 

Sims,  Winfield  Scott,  soldier,  inventor, 
was  born  April  (3,  1844,  in  New  York  City. 
He  served  in  the  thirty-seventh  New  Jersey 
regiment  during  the  civil  war.  He  has  in- 
vented various  devices  in  electro-magnets; 
and  was  the  first  person  to  apply  electricity 
for  the  propulsion  and  guidance  of  mov- 
able torpedoes  for  harbor  and  coast  defense. 
His  devise  of  a  torpedo  is  a  submarine 
boat  with  a  cylindrical  hull  of  copper  and 
with  conical  ends,  furnished  with  a  screw 
propeller  and  a  rudder,  the  power  being 
electricity  generated  on  shore  or  on  ship- 
board. He  has  invented  a  boat  with  a  speed 
of  eighteen  miles  an  hour  to  carry  a  two 
hundred  and  fifty  pound  charge  of  dyna- 
mite; and  has  also  invented  a  wireless  di- 
rigible torpedo.  He  invented  the  Sims-Dud- 
ley gun;  and  is  now  designing  a  dynamite 
cru'ser  to  carry  a  hundred  tons  of  high 
exjilosives.  controlled  by  an  operator  on 
sliin   or   on   shoi'e. 

Simson,  Sampson,  philanthropist,  was 
born  in  1870,  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
the  founder  of  the  Mount  Sinai  hospital; 
and  bequeathed  large  sums  to  Jewish  and 
general  institutions,  including  fitly  thou- 
sand dollars  that,  after  the  death  of  a 
nephew,  should  be  paid  "to  any  responsible 
corporation  in  this  c'ty  whose  permanent 
fund  is  establislied  by  its  charter  for  the 
])urpose  of  ameliin-ating  the  condition  of 
the  Jews  in  Jerusalem,  Palestine."  By  de- 
cision of  the  state  supreme  court,  1888, 
this  amount,  with  thirty  years'  interest, 
was  paid  to  the  North  American  relief  so- 
ciety for  indigent  Jews  in  Jerusalem.  He 
died   Jan.   7.    18o7,  in   New   York   City. 

Sinclair,  Angus,  mechanical  engineer,  edi- 
tor, author,  was  liorn  in  1841  in  Scotland. 
Mnce  188;3  he  has  beiu  engaged  in  editorial 
work  in  New  York  City;  and  is  a  recognized 
writer  on  ra'lway  anu  automobile  subjects. 
He  is  tlie  author  of  Locomotive  Engine  Run- 
ning; Combustion  in  Locomotive  Fireboxes; 
Firing  Locomotive;  and  Development  of  the 
Locomotive    Engiii'^. 

Sinclair,  Brevard  D.,  lawyer,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  ol,  1859,  in  Char- 
lotte, N.C.  In  1877-84  he  practiced  law 
in  Washington,  D.C.  He  became  a  clergy- 
man of  the  presb,  Lerian  church;  and  now 
fills  a  pastorate  at  Yreka,  Cal.  He  is  the 
author  of  the  Crowning  Sin  of  the  Age. 

Sinclair,  Carrie  Bell,  litterateur,  poet,  was 
born  .May  23,  18:59,  in  Milledgeville.  Ga. 
She  is  a  "poet  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  is 
the  author  of  Poems;  and  Heart  Whis- 
pers, or  Echoes  of  Song. 

Sinclair,  Charles  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  ill  X'irginia.  He  was  appointed  an 
associate  justice  of  the  United  States  court 
for  Ihf  lenilory  of  Utah.  He  died  in  Utah. 
Sinclair,  Lee  Wiley,  banker,  capitalist, 
was  born   Feb.   18,   183G,  in  Cloverdale,  Ind. 


He  organized  and  is  president  of  the  West 
Baden  springs  company;  and  was  the  first 
person  to  bring  West  Baden  into  general 
notice.  In  1902  he  erected  a  million  dol- 
lar hotel  at  that  resort.  He  is  president 
of  the  West  Baden  national  bank;  and 
since  1880  has  been  president  of  the  bank 
of   Salem,   Tnd. 

Sinclair,  Upton,  founder,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  20,  1878,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1897 
he  graduated   from   the   college   of   the  city 

of  New  Y^'ork ;  and 
did  four  years  gradu- 
ate work  at  Colum- 
bia university.  In  1906 
he  assisted  in  the  gov- 
ernment investigation 
of  the  Chicago  stock- 
yards. In  1906-07  he 
founded  the  Helicon 
home  colony  at  Engle- 
wood,  N.J.  In  1906 
he  was  a  socialistic 
candidate  for  con- 
gress; and  is  vice- 
president  of  the  intercollegiate  socialist  so- 
ciety, lie  is  the  author  of  Spring  and  Har- 
vest; King  Midas;  The  Journal  of  Arthur 
Sterling;  Prince  Hagen,  a  Phantasy;  Man- 
assas, a  Novel  of  the  War;  The  Jungle; 
The  Industrial  Republic;  and  The  Overman. 
Sinclair,  William,  soldier,  was  born  Feb. 
l.j,  1S;5.'),  near  St.  Clairville,  Ohio.  In  1857 
he  graduated  from  West  Point.  During  the 
civil  war  he  became  a  captain.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  army  in  1899;  and  was  retired  from 
active  service  after  a  service  of  forty  years. 
He   died   in    1905   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Sinclair,  William  Albert,  educator,  author, 
was  born  IMarch  25,  1858,  in  Georgetown, 
S.C.  Since  1888  he  has  been  secretary  of 
the  Howard  university  at  Washington,  D.C. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Aftermath  of  Sla- 
very. 

Singenberger,  John,  educator,  publisher, 
musician,  was  born  May  25,  1848,  in  Switz- 
erland. He  received  a  thorougli  musical 
education  in  America  and  Europe.  He  is 
now  professor  of  music  at  the  Catholic  nor- 
mal school  of  St.  Francis,  Wis.;  and  presi- 
dent of  the  American  St.  Csecelia  society. 
He  is  the  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Cse- 
celia, a  monthly  magazine  devoted  to  catho- 
lic church  music. 

Singer,  Frederic,  naval  officer,  was  born 
May  3,  1847,  in  Germany.  In  18(54  he  was 
appointed  midshipman  on  the  United  States 
trigatc  iNlacedonian;  in  1899  he  became  com- 
maT<kM-;  in  1904  he  was  appointed  cap- 
tain; and  in  1906  was  retired  with  the 
rank  of  rear-admiral. 

Singer,  Isaac  Merritt,  machinist,  inven- 
tor, was  born  Oct.  27,  1811,  in  Oswego,  N.Y. 
He  devoted  himself  to  the  study  of  improv- 
ing sew'ng-iiiachiiies.  After  years  of  close 
application  he  succeeded  in  completing  a 
sin'gle-tlnead,      chain  si  itch      machine,      for 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


217 


wliicli   ha  rectuved  a  patent,      lie   died  July 
23,   1875,  in  England. 

Singer,  Isidore,  journalist,  translator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  10,  IS.J!),  in  Austria. 
lie  is  managing  editor  of  the  Jewish  Ency- 
clopedia, lie  is  the  author  of  several  pub- 
lished works;  and  numerous  translations  of 
Frencli  works  into  eierman. 

Singer,  Otto,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  July  26,  1833,  in  Germany.  In  1873- 
1)2  hi!  taught  pianoforte  and  theory  in  the 
Cincinnati  college  of  music.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Landing  of  the  Pilgrim  Fa- 
thers; Festival  Ode;  and  contributed  to 
periodicals  articles  on  historical  and  aestliet- 
ical  subjects.  He  died  Jan.  3,  1804.  in  New 
\ork  (  ily. 

Singerly,  William  Miskey,  journalist,  piib- 
lisl.ir.  was  born  Dee.  27,  1832,  in  Phila- 
delphia. Pa.  In  1877  he  bought  The  Phil- 
adel]ihia  Record;  and  he  brought  the  daily 
sales  from  live  thousand  to  more  than  one 
hundred  thousand  copies,  and  made  the  en- 
terprise profitable.  He  subsequently  was 
connected  with  paper  mills  and  a  bank.  He 
died    Fell.   27.    1S!)8,  in   Philadelpliia,  Pa. 

Singiser,  Theodore  F.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  15,  1845,  In 
fhurehtown.  Pa.  He  was  employed  in  the 
L'nited  States  treasury  at  Washington  in 
1875-79;  and  was  then  ajjpointed  receiver 
of  public  moneys  at  Oxford,  Idaho.  In  188t) 
he  was  appointed  .secretary  of  Idaho  terri- 
tory; and  was  acting  governor  of  the"  ter- 
ritory <Iuring  the  winter  of  1881-82.  In 
1883-85  he  was  a  territorial  delegate  from 
Idaho  to  the  forty-eighth  congress  as  a  rc- 
|)wl)l:can.  He  died  in  1907  in  Boise  City, 
l(hiho. 

Singleton,  Esther,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  IJaltimore,  Md.  She  is  the  author 
of  A  (iuide  to  the  Opera;  originator  and 
editor  of  a  series  of  books  on  art  and 
travel,  among  which  are  Turrets.  Towers  and 
Temples;  (Jreat  Pictures;  Paris ;  Wonders  of 
Nature;  and  The  Furniture  of  Our  Fore- 
faiher-. 

Singleton,  James  W.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, railroad  president,  congressman,  was 
born  Nov.  23,  1811,  in  Paxton,  Va.  He 
served  six  terms  in  the  Illinois- state  legis- 
lature; and  was  a  brigadier-ggneral  of 
state  militia.  He  was  president  of  the 
t^uincy  and  Toled*),  and  Quincy,  Alton  and 
St.  Lmiis  railroa<ls.  in  1879-83  he  was  "a 
represenl'itive  from  Illinois  to  the  forty- 
sixlh  and  ffirtv-seventh  congresses  a  demo- 
crat. He  died"  A|.ril  4.  1892,  in  P.alf  im..re, 
Md. 

Singleton,  Otho  R.,  soldier,  lii\\.\ei,  state 
icgisliiiipr.  roll;.'!  rssinan.  was  born  Oct.  14, 
1814.  in  Jessamine  county,  Ky.  He  was 
two  yciirs  in  the  lower  house  of  the  Mis- 
si.ssip|)i  legislature;  and  served  six  years 
in  the  state  senate.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1852.  In  1853-55,  1857-01  and 
1875-87  he  was  a  representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi to  the  thirty-third,  forty-fourth, 
forty   '^th,   forty-sixth,*  forty-seventh,   forty- 


eighth  and  forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. He  joined  the  great  rebellion  in 
1801;  and  served  as  a  representative  in 
1805.  He  died  in  1889  in   Forest,  ^liss. 

Singleton,  Thomas  D.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  South  Carolina.  He  was  elected 
to  congress  from  South  Carolina  in  1833; 
and  while  on  his  waj'  to  Washington  to 
take  his  seat  in  December,  died  at  Raleigh, 
N.C. 

Sinkler,  Wharton,  surgeon,  neurologist, 
was  born  Aug.  17,  1S08,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  educated  at  Oambier,  Ohio;  studied 
at  the  South  Carolina  college;  and  subse- 
quently after  the  civil  war  graduated  from 
the  universitj-  of  Pennsylvania  witii  the  de- 
gree of  M.D.  During  the  civil  war  he 
served  in  the  second  South  Carolina  caval- 
ry in  the  confederate  state's  army.  Since 
1808  he  has  been  a  practicing  physician  of 
PJiiladelphia,  Pa.;  and  is  a  specialist  in 
iierxoiis  diseases.  He  has  been  president  of 
the  Philadelphia  neurological  society;  and 
president  of  the  Colony  farm  for  epileptics 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  has  contributed  ex- 
tensively to  text- books,  cyclopedias  and  med- 
ical journals.     He  died  March   10,   1910. 

Sinnickscn,  Clement  H.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  16,  1834,  in 
Salem,  N.J.  In  1801  he  raised  a  company 
of  volunteers;  and  enlisted  as  captain  in 
the  fourth  regiment  of  New  Jersey  volun- 
teers. In  1875-79  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  forty-fourth  anil 
forty-fifth    congresses   as   a   republican. 

Sinnickson,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  in  1745  in  Sa- 
lem county,  N.J.  He  served  in  the  revolu- 
tionary war  at  the  battles  of  Trenton  and 
Princeton  in  the  capacity  of  captain.  He 
was  for  many  jears  a  member  of  the  coun- 
cil and  assembly  of  New  Jersey;  and  the 
presiding  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
jileas.  In'  1789-91  and  1797-99  he  was  a 
re|)resentative  to  the  first  and  fifth  con- 
gresses. He  was  a  presidential  electin-  in 
1801.  He  ded  Jlay  15,  1817,  in  Salem, 
N.J. 

Sinnickson.  Thomas,  merchant,  lawyer, 
jurist,  .state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born  Dee.  13,  1786,  in  Salem,  N.J.  He  was 
a  judge  of  the  court  of  conunon  pleas  for 
twenty  years;  was  a  member  of  the  New 
'leiscy  legislature;  and  judge  of  the  court 
of  errors  and  api):'als.  In  1827-29  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  twentieth  congress 
from   New  .I«'rsey.     He  died  in  Salem,  N.J. 

Sinnott,  Nicholas  J.,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  0,  1870.  in  The  Dalles,  Ore.  He 
is  ii  lawyer;  and  has  been  a  member  of  the 
Orei^on  state  senate.  In  1913-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Oregon  to  the  sixty- 
third  congress. 

Sioussat,  St.  George  Leakin,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Mai  eh  13.  1878,  in  Balti- 
more, "Nid.  Since  1904  he  has  been  pro- 
ft'ssor  of  histpry  and  economics  at  the  uni- 
versity of  the  south.     He  is  the  author  of 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Highway  Legislation  in  Maryland;  Eco- 
nomics and  Politics  in  Maryland;  The  Eng- 
lish Statutes  in  Maryland;  and  Virginia 
and    the    English    Commercial    Sj'stem. 

Sipe,  William  Allen,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  July  1,  1844,  in  Harrisonville, 
Pa.  He  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  Pittsburg,  Pa. 
In  1893-9.5  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
liftv-third    congress   as   a    democrat. 

Sisco,  Mrs.  M.  M.,  poet.  She  is  a  writer 
of  Clinton,  Iowa  :  and  the  author  of  a  vol- 
ume of  poems  entitled  Gems  of  Inspiration. 

Sisson,  A.  Elverton,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
was  born  .Jan.  12,  1851,  in  Dayton,  N.Y.  He 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
Kingsville,  N.Y. ;  and  graduated  from  the 
Ohio  academy  and  seminary  at  North  East, 
Pa.  In  1881  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
Erie  county,  Pa. ;  in  1888-94.  was  district 
attorney  for  that  county;  and  for  five  years 
was  solicitor  for  the  same  county.  Since 
1901  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania state  senate.  In  1906  he  was  a 
member  of  the  insurance  investigation  com- 
mittee ;  in  1897  was  a  member  of  the  capi- 
tol  investigation  committee,  and  also  chair- 
man of  the  commission  concurrent  legisla- 
tion relative  to  fish  and  fishing  in  the  Dela- 
ware for  the  states  of  Pennsylvania,  New 
Jersey,  New  York,  Delaware  and  Mary- 
land, lie  is  now  serving  his  second  term 
of  1905-09;   and  resides  in  Erie,  Pa. 

Sisson,  Abner,  poet.  He  is  the  author  ol 
Common    Sense   Rhymes. 

Sisson,  Thomas  Upton,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1869, 
in  Attala  county.  Miss.  He  attended  the 
academy  at  French  Camp,  Miss. ;  and  grad- 
uated from  the  Southwestern  presbyterian 
university  with  the  degree  of  A.B.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  law  school  of  Cumberland 
university ;  and  in  1894  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  Since  1895  he  has  practiced  law 
in  Winona,  Miss.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
state  senate ;  and  in  1903  was  elected  dis- 
trict attorney.  In  1909-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Mississippi  to  the  sixty-first, 
sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Sitgreaves,  Charles,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
railroad  president,  congressman,  was  born 
April  22,  1803,  in  Easton,  Pa.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  New  Jersey  assembly  in  1831 
and  1833 ;  in  1834  was  a  member  of  the 
legislative  council  ;  and  was  a  member  and 
president  of  the  same  in  1835.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1852-54.  He 
was  mayor  of  Philipsburg  in  1861  ;  was  ])res- 
ident  of  the  Belvidere  and  Delaware  railroad 
comjiany  ;  and  was  president  of  the  bank  at 
Philipsburg.  In  1865-69  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died  March 
17.   1878,   in   Philipsburg,  Pa. 

Sitgreaves,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  about  1740  in  Ne\\' 
Berne,  N.C.  He  was  an  officer  in  the  war 
of  the  revolution.     In  1784-85  lie  was  a  dele- 


gate to  the  continental  congress  from  North 
Carolina  ;  and  in  1790  was  appointed  attor- 
ney-general for  that  state.  He  soon  after- 
wards was  appointed  district  judge  of  the 
United  States  district  court  for  the  district 
of  North  Carolina.  He  died  March  4,  1802, 
in  Halifax,  N.C. 

Sitgreaves,  Samuel,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  March  16,  1764,  in  Philadelphia, 
I'a.  In  1795-99  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fourth  and  fifth 
congresses ;  and  was  then  appointed  commis- 
sioner to  treat  with  Great  Britain.  He 
died    April    4.    1824.    in    Easton,    Pa. 

Sitterly,  Charles  Fremont,  educator,  the- 
ologian, author,  was  born  June  4,  1861,  in 
Liverpool.  N.V.  Since  1892  he  has  been 
professor  of  biblical  literature  in  the  Drew 
theological  seminary.  He  is  the  author  of 
Praxis  in  Manuscripts  of  Greek  New  Testa- 
ment ;   and  History  of  English  Bible. 

Sitting  Bull,  Indian  chief,  was  born  in 
1837  in  Dakota.  He  was  a  leader  among 
the  discontented  and  lawless  Sioux ;  and 
often  opposed  the  chiefs  who  were  on 
friendly  terms  with  the  government.  He 
kept  up  a  constant  warfare  against  the  set- 
tlers of  the  frontier ;  and  participated  in 
battles  with  Generals  Custer  and  Terry. 
\Vhile  resisting  an  attempt  to  arrest  him 
when  about  to  join  a  bi:nd  of  hostiles  in  the 
bad  lands  he  was  killed  Dec.  14,  1890. 

Sivartha,  Alesha,  educator,  scientist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  16.  1834,  in  Kent,  Eng- 
land. In  1850  he  began  public  lecturing  on 
the  science  of  man.  In  1859  and  1860  he 
made  discoveries  enlarging  the  whole  field 
many  times  and  rendering  anthropology  a 
positive  and  practical  science  in  all  its  de- 
partments. His  work  includes  the  laws  of 
the  great  brain-eclipse,  placing  mental  science 
on  the  basis  of  mathematics ;  the  laws  of 
mental  polarity  and  chords;  the  twelve 
groups  of  faculties  and  their  trinities ; 
the  social  organism  or  natural  constitution 
of  society  ;  the  ])lan  of  the  New  Jerusalem  ; 
the  tree  of  life ;  the  aurospheres  with  their 
colors ;  the  twelve  fold  measure  of  the 
head ;  the  new  astro-science ;  the  new  sys- 
tem of  integral  education ;  and  the  Yesona 
or  universal  language  with  a  natural  basis. 
These  dist'overies  are  embodied  in  The  Book 
of  Life :  The  Visona  ;  and  The  Historic 
Gij'owth  of  Man. 

Siver.  Datus  E.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Oct.  15.  1840.  in  Milford.  N.Y.  Since 
1888  he  has  been  president  of  the  Coopers- 
town  and  Charlotte  Valley  railroad  at  Coo])- 
erstown,    N.Y. 

Siviter,  Mrs.  Anna  Pierpont,  autlior,  jioet, 
was  born  in  Fairmont,  ^'a.  She  is  tlu'  au- 
thor of  Nehe,  a  Tale  of  the  'I'imes  of  Ar- 
taxer.xes ;  The  Sculptor  and  Other  Poems ; 
and  Songs  of  Hope. 

Sizer,  Nelson,  phrenologist,  author,  was 
born  May  21.  1812,  in  Chester.  Mass.  He 
has  been  editor  of  the  Phrenological  Jour- 
nal ;    and    president    of    and    teacher    in    (he 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


219 


American  institute  of  phrenology.  He  wns 
the  author  of  Forty  Years  in  IMironolosy ; 
Choice  of  Pursuits ;  and  How  to  'i'oacli.  lie 
died   in   1897. 

Skaggs,  Andrew  E.,  physician,  poet,  was 
born  April  31,  1862.  in  New  Castle  county. 
Del.  He  attended  the  Baltimore  medical 
college  and  the  ^'('t('rinary  suriicon  college. 
He  is  a  physician  of  Townsend.  He  has 
contributed  many  poems  to  the  periodical 
l)ress ;  and  is  widely  known  as  tiie  IVx-l  of 
Delaware. 

Skeel,  Adelaide,  lecturer,  author,  was  born 
in  1852  in  Newhurgii.  N.Y.  She  is  a  lec- 
turer on  historical  subjects,  illustrated  by 
slides  and  photographs.  8hc  is  the  author  of 
'JMie  Three-Legged  Story  Teller  ;  King  Wash- 
ington ;   and  various  historic  papers. 

Skeel,  Franklin  Deuel,  educator,  physician, 
scientist,  was  born  Feb.  7.  1851.  in  Sterling 
Valley,  N.Y.  In  1881  he  graduated  from  the 
Wesleyan  university  ;  and  in  1881  graduated 
from  the  university  medical  coljege  with  the 
degree  of  M.D.  In  1885-94  he  was  assist- 
ant surgeon  to  the  New  York  eye  infirmary  : 
and  since  1895  has  been  surgeon  to  that  in- 
stitution. Since  1898  he  has  been  surgeon 
to  the  New  York  institution  for  instruction 
of  the  deaf  and  dumb.  He  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York  microscopical  society. 

Skelton,  Charles,  congressman,  was  born 
in  I'ennsylvania.  In  1851-55  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirty- 
second  and  thirty-third  congresses.  He  died 
in  New  .Jersey. 

Skene.  Alexander  Johnston  Chalmers,  phy- 
sician, author,  was  born  June  17.  1837,  in 
Scotland.  He  has  been  professor  of 
gyna'cology  in  Long  Island  college  hospital 
since  1884.  He  is  the  author  of  Disea.ses 
of  the  Bladder  in  Women;  and  Diseases  of 
Women  from  the  Standi)oint  of  the  Physi- 
cian.    He  died  in  1900  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 

Skerrett,  Joseph  Salathiel,  naval  olhcer, 
was  born  Jan.  18,  1833,  in  Chillicothe.  Ohio. 
In  1867  he  was  promoted  commander;  in 
1889  commoilore;  and  in  1893  n-ar-admiral. 
For  a  number  of  years  he  was  in  charge  of 
the  naval  home  in  I'hiladelphia,  I'a.  He 
died  Jan.  1,  1897,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Skiff,  Frederick  James  Volney,  jourruilist, 
direiior,  was  burn  Nov.  5.  1851,  in  Ciiico- 
pee,  Mass.  He  was  engaged  in  newsijaper 
work  in  1870-77.  when  he  was  apiKjinted  on 
tile  sl.ilT  of  the  Tribune  of  Denver.  (!ol.  He 
is  a  director  of  the  Field  Columbian  mu- 
seum of  natural  history  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
was  director  of  mining  and  metallurgy  ;  and 
later  director-in-<hief  of  the  I'nited  States 
( Dnuiiission  to  the  Paris  exposition  in  1900. 
In  1904  he  was  made  director  of  exhibits  in 
the  St.  liOnis  purchase  exposition.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  .Vmerican  association  for  the 
advancement   <«f  science. 

Skiles,  'William  "Woodburn,  educator, 
banker,    congressman,     was    born      Dec.    11, 


1S49.     in       Stoughstown,    Pa.       In    1878    he 

started  practice  at 
Shelby.  Ohio.  He  was 
president  of  the  Citi- 
zens' bank  ;  and  pres- 
ident of  the  Shelby 
electric  company.  In 
1901-05  he  was  a  rep- 
icsentative  from  Ohio 
to  the  Hfty-.seventh 
and  lifty-eighth  con- 
gresses as  a  republi- 
can. Ho  died  in  1904 
ill  Shelby,  Ohio. 
Skilton,  Julius  Augustus,  physician,  sur- 
geon. diploMiat.  author,  was  born  June  29. 
1833.  in  Troy,  N.Y.  He  served  in  New  Yoik 
City  during  the  draft  riots  ;  and  was  medi- 
cal director  of  civalry  department  of  the 
southwest  in  1864-65.  In  1869  he  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  con.sul  at  the  City  of 
.Mexico;  and  in  1872-78  he  was  consul-gen- 
eral. He  was  the  author  of  Mining  Districts 
of  I'arhuca.  Ileal  del  Monte,  El  Chico  and 
Star  Rosa,  State  of  Hidalgo.  lvei)ublic  of 
.Mexico.  He  died  Nov.  20.  1897.  in  Brook- 
lyn.  N.Y. 

Skinner,  Alonzo  A.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1866-68  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Oregon. 

Skinner.  Aaron  Nichols,  educator,  astron- 
omer, author,  was  born  Aug.  10,  1845,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  Since  1898  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  mathematics  in  the  United  States 
navy.  Since  1871  he  has  been  an  active  par- 
ticijiant  in  all  the  meridian  circle  work  of 
ihe  T'niled  States  naval  observatory  at 
Washington,  D.C.  He  is  the  author  of 
Washington    Zone    Observations. 

Skinner,  Charles  Montgomery,  journalist, 
aullu  r,  was  lorn  March  15.  1852.  in  Victor, 
N.Y.  He  was  .-issociate  editor  of  The  Brook- 
lyn Eagle.  He  was  the  author  of  \i!l()n 
the  Vagabond  ;  and  other  plays ;  Myths  and 
Legends  of  Our  Own  Land ;  Nature  in  a 
City  Yard;  Myths  and  Legends  of  Our  Own 
Possessions;  Do  Nothing  Days;  and  Willi 
Feet  to  the  Earth.  He  died  in  1907  in 
Brooklyn.  N.Y. 

Skinner,  Charles  Rufus,  jtmrnalist.  edu- 
catur.  ei>n;;ressniaii.  aiilhur.  was  born  .\iig. 
4.  1841.  in  Union  Stpiare,  N.Y.  He  was 
educated  in  the  state  of  New  York,  at  Mex- 
ico academy;  and  at  Clinton  liberal  insti- 
tute. In  1874-94  he  was  a  member  of  the 
board  of  education  of  Walertown,  N.Y. ; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1877-1881.  In  1881-85  he 
\\as  a  re|)resentalive  from  New  ^ Ork  to  the 
forty-se\enth  ami  foily-eighth  congi-esses  as 
a  rei.ubliraii.  In  1886-92  he  was  deputy 
superintendent  of  public  instruction  for  the 
state  of  New  York ;  and  was  state  super- 
intendent of  public  instruction  in  1895- 
1901.  He  is  the  author  of  New  York  (^>ues- 
tion  P.ook  ;  .\rbor  Day  Manual;  and  Manual 
of  Patriotism. 


220 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Skinner,  Clarence  Edward,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  8,  1868,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  In  1900  he  organized  the  Newhope 
private  sanitarium  of  New  Haven,  Conn. ; 
and  since  1891  has  practiced  medicine  in 
that  city.  He  is  the  author  of  Therapeutics 
of   Dry   Hot   Air. 

Skinner,  Frank  Woodward,  civil  engineer, 
was  born  in  1858  in  Brownville,  N.Y.  Since 
1886  he  has  been  practicing  as  a^consnlting 
and  expert  constructional  engineer.  He  is 
associate  editor  of  the  Engineering  Record. 
For  many  years  he  has  lectured  on  field  en- 
gineering, bridge  erection  and  building  con- 
structions at  Yale,  Harvard,  Trinceton,  Mc- 
Gill,  Rensselaer.  Brown,  Columbia  and  at 
the  Maine  and  Wisconsin  state  universities. 
He  has  invented  many  important  improve- 
ments in  sheet  piles  foundation  construc- 
tions and  reinforced  concrete  building  de- 
signs and  constructions.  He  is  the  author 
of  Types  and  Details  of  Bridge  Construc- 
tion. 

Skinner,  Frederick  Gustavus,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  March  11,  1814,  in 
Annapolis,  Md.  He  joined  the  stall"  of  tiie 
Turf,  Field  and  Farm  in  New  York  ;  and  as 
field  editor  of  that  journal  was  instrumental 
in  bringing  about  the  first  field  trial,  the 
first  bench-show  of  dogs,  and  the  first  in- 
ternational gun-trial  that  was  ever  held  in 
the  TTnited  States.  He  died  May  21.  1894, 
in   Charlotteville,   Va. 

Skinner,  Halcyon,  inventor,  was  born 
INIarch  6,  1824,  in  Mantua,  Ohio.  In  1874 
he  invented  a  power-loom  for  weaving  mo- 
quette  carpets,  which  had  up  to  that  date 
been  woven  entirely  by  baud.  He  died  in 
1900  in  Yonkers,  N.Y. 

Skinner,  Mrs.  Henrietta  Dana,  educator, 
author,  poet,  was  born  in  Cami)ridge,  Mass. 
She  is  the  daughter  of  Richard  Henry  Dana ; 
and  the  wife  of  Henry  Whipple  Skinner  of 
Detroit,  Mich.  She  was  privately  educated 
in  Boston  and  Germany  ;  and  for  two  years 
attended  the  conversatory  of  music  at  Stutt- 
gart. In  1897-1903  she  was  governor-gen- 
eral of  the  order  of  the  descendants 
of  colonial  governors.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Espirita  Santo ;  Heart  and  Soul ; 
and  numerous  poems,  short  stories  and  his- 
torical   articles. 

Skinner,  Henry,  physician,  entomologist, 
was  born  March  27,  1861,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  received  his  preparatory  education 
at  Rugby  academy  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, from  which  institution  he  received  the 
degrees  of  B.S.  and  M.D.  In  1884-1900  he 
practiced  medicine;  and  since  1900  has  de- 
voted his  entire  attention  to  entomology.  He 
has  been  state  entomologist  of  Pennsylvania  ; 
professor  of  entomology  of  the  Pennsylvania 
liorticultural  society ;  and  is  now  special 
curator  at  the  academy  of  natural  sciences 
of  Philadt'lyihia.  Pa.  He  has  been  vice-pres- 
ident of  the  American  association  of  econom- 
ical entomologists ;  editor  of  the  Entomolog- 


and   is   the  author  of   numerous 

papers  on  original  researches  in  entomology. 

Skinner,  Harry,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 

born   iMay   25,   1855,   in   Perquimans  county, 

N.C.     He  attended   the   Hartford   academy ; 

and  in  1874-75  read 
law  in  the  Kansas 
university.  He  began 
the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  Green- 
ville, N.C. ;  and  in 
1878  was  chosen  town 
councilman.  In  1890 
was  elected  to  the  low- 
er house  of  the  North 
Carolina-  state  legis- 
lature and  served  as 
chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee of  the  internal 
improvements ;  as  a  member  of  the  judiciary 
committee  ;  as  chairman  of  the  house  branch 
of  the  committee  on  re-districting  the  state; 
served  as  chairman  of  the  democratic  execu- 
tive committee  of  his  county  ;  chairman  of 
the  democratic  executive  committee  of  the 
first  congressional  district ;  served  as  a  mem- 
ber of  states  central  committee ;  and  as  a 
trustee  of  the  state  university.  In  1895-99 
he  was  a  representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  the  fifty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth  con- 
gresses. 

Skinner,  Hubert  Marshall,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  15,  1855,  in  Valparaiso, 
Ind.  He  is  the  author  of  Schoolmaster  in 
Literature;  Reading  and  Folklore;  The  Cul- 
prit Fay;  The  Story  of  the  Letters  and  Fig- 
ures;   and  Timely  Topics. 

Skinner,  James  Avery,  clergyman,  libra- 
rian, was  born  Nov.  15,  1835,  in  Union 
Square,  N.Y.  He  received  his  education  at 
Ihe  Jefferson  institute  of  Hamilton  college; 
and  at  Union  theological  seminary.  He  is 
an  eminent  clergyman  of  the  presbyterian 
church.  He  has  filled  pastorates  in  Stock- 
ton, Cal.;  Cleveland,  Ohio;  and  at  Roches- 
ter and  Brockport,  N.Y.  He  has  been  dis- 
trict superintendent  of  the  presbyterian 
board  of  publication  at  Syracuse,  N.Y.; 
in  1866-72  was  commissioner  to  the  general 
assembly  of  the  presbyterian  church;  and 
is  librarian  of  the  teachers  library  of  the 
state  of  New  York  at  Albany. 

Skinner,  John  Stuart,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  12,  1788,  in  Maryland.  In 
1816-49  he  was  postmaster  of  Baltimore; 
and  in  1848-51  was  editor  of  the  Plough, 
the  Loom,  and  the  Anvil.  He  w^as  the  au- 
thor of  Nautical  Education;  Christmas  Gift 
to  Y^oung  Agriculturist ;  Agricultural  Chem- 
istry; and  Youatt  on  the  House.  He  died 
March  21,  1851,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Skinner,  Mark,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1813, 
iu  Manchester,  Vt.  He  settled  at  Chicago 
in  1836;  was  elected  city  attorney  in  1839; 
was  appointed  United  States  district  at- 
torney for  Illinois  in  1844;  and  chosen  to 
the  legislature  in  1846.  He  became  judge  of 
Cook  county  court  of  common  pleas  in  1851. 
In   1842  he   was  made  school  inspector   for 


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221 


Chicago,  and  gave  much  time  and  labor  to 
the  cause  of  education.  Tlie  city  in  1859 
honored  his  services  by  naming  its  new 
school-buiiding  the  Skinner  school.  He  was 
president  of  the  Illinois  general  hospital  of 
tlie  lake  in  1852;  of  the  Chicago  home  for 
the  friendless  in  1860;  first  president  of  the 
Chicago  reform  school;  and  one  of  the 
founders  and  patrons  of  the  Chicago  his- 
torical society.  He  was  a  founder  of  the 
New  England  society  of  Chicago.  He  died 
Sept.   16,   1887,  in  Manchester,  Vt. 

Skinner,    Otis,    actor,    was    born    in    1858 
Cambridge,    Alass.     In    1892-95    he    was 


in 


leading  man  with  Modjeska;  and  since  then 
has  been   starriiig  in  romantic  plays. 

Skinner,  Otis  Ainsworth,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  July  3, 
1807,  in  Royalton,  Vt.  In  1857  he  was 
chosen  president  of  Lombard  university  of 
Galesburg,  111.;  and  in  1858  became  pastor 
at  Joliet,  111.  He  was  the  author  of  Family 
Prayer  Book;  Sermons  on  Doctrinal  Sub- 
jects; Universalism  Defended;  Letters  on 
Revivals;  and  Moral  Duties  of  Parents.  He 
died   Sept.    18,    1861,   in   Lapierville,  111. 

Skinner,  Richard,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  governor,  was  born 
May  30,  1778,  in  Litchfield,  Conn.  He  mov- 
ed to  Manchester,  Vt.  In  1813-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Vermont  to  the  thir- 
teenth congress.  He  was  elected  a  judge 
of  tlie  supreme  court  of  Vermont  in  1816; 
and  became  chief  justice  of  that  court  in 
1817.  In  1818  he  was  elected  to  the  lower 
branch  of  the  legislature,  and  was  speaker. 
He  was  the  si.vth  governor  of  Vermont  in 
1820-23;  and  was  reappointed  chief  justice 
in  1824.  He  died  May  23,  1833,  in  Man- 
chester, Vt. 

Skinner,  Robert  P.,  journalist,  diplomat, 
autlior.  was  born  Feb.  24,  1866,  in  Mas- 
sillon,  Oiiio.  He  was  educated  in  his  native 
town ;  and  at  the  Woodward  high  school 
of  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  is  a  journalist  by 
profession ;  served  on  the  staff  of  the  New 
York  World;  became  editor  and  proprietor 
of  the  Evening  Independent  of  Massillon, 
Ohio;  and  is  now  director  of  the  Independ- 
ent company.  In  1897-1901  he  was  United 
States  consul  at  ^Marseilles.  France,  and 
(onsular-g.-neral  since  1901.  In  1003-04  lie 
was  tem|)orarily  relieved  from  duty  at 
Marseilles  to  proceed  to  Abyssinia  as  the 
prt'sidcnt's  commissioner  and  plenipoten- 
tiary, for  the  purpose  of  establishing  dij)- 
lomatie  relations  witii  the  Ignited  States 
and  as  sucii  negcjtiated  the  treaty  between 
the  United  States  and  Etheopia.  In  1901-08 
he  was  American  eotisnlgeneral  to  Mar- 
seilles. France;  and  since  1908  has  been  con- 
sul-general to  Hamburg,  (Jermany.  He  ia 
llie  author  of  Abyssinia  of  Today. 

Skinner,  Roger,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
judgi-  of  the  United  States  district  court 
sometime   prior   to    1884. 

Skinner,  Thomas  Gregory,  farmer,  soldier, 
lawyer,  congressman,  was  born  Jan.  21, 
1842,  in  Perquimans  county,  N.C.    In   1883- 


87  and  1889-91  he  was  a  representative  from 
Nortii  Carolina  to  the  forty-eighth,  forty- 
niiitii  and  tiftj'-lirst  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. In  1898  he  was  elected  to  the  Nortli 
Carolina  state  senate. 

Skinner,  Thomas  Harvey,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  March  7,  1791, 
ill  Harvey's  Neck,  N.C.  He  was  professor 
of  sacred  riietoric  in  Union  seminary  of 
New  York  City  in  1848-71.  He  was  the  au- 
tlior of  Religion  of  the  Bible;  Aids  to 
Preaching  and  Hearing;  Discussions  in  The- 
ology: and  Tliougiits  on  Evangelizing  the 
Workl.  He  died  Feb.  1,  1871,  in  New  York 
City. 

Skinner  Thomas  J.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Massacliusetts.  In  1795-99  and  1803- 
05  he  was  a  representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts to  the  fourth,  fifth  and  eightli 
congresses.    He  died  in  ^Massachusetts. 

Skinner,  Wells  Hawks,  ednc-ator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1856,  in  .Jeli'erson  county, 
W.Va.  He  has  been  superintendent  of  city 
schools  in  various  cities;  and  in  1895  was 
)>resident  of  tlie  Nebraska  state  teachers' 
a^sociation.  He  is  the  author  of  Studies 
in  Literature  and  Comjjositlon. 

Slack,  Elijah,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  Nov.  24,  1794,  in  Lower  Wake- 
field, Pa.  In  1817  he  was  elected  superin- 
tendent of  the  Literary  and  scientific  insti- 
tute of  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  and  when  Cin- 
cinnati college  was  established  in  1819  he 
was  apjioiiited  its  president,  and  so  con- 
tinued till  1828.  He  died  May  29,  1866,  in 
Cincinnati.  Ohio. 

Slack,  James  Richard,  educator,  soldier, 
kgislator,  jurist,  was  born  Sept.  28.  1818. 
in   Bucks   county.   Pa.    In    1842-51    lie   filled 

the  office  of  Delaware 
county  auditor;  and 
for  two  ti'rins  was  a 
memlier  of  tlie  Indi- 
ana state  senate.  In 
1858  he  was  again 
elected  to  the  state 
senate  a  n  d  served 
four  successive  terms 
until  1861.  He  serv- 
ed in  tlie  civil  war  in 
the  forty-seventh 
regiment  of  tli(>  In- 
diana volunteer  in- 
fantry; was  made  brigadier-general  in  1864; 
and  major-general  by  brevet  in  186(>.  In 
1S72-81  he  was  judge  of  the  twenty-eiglitli 
judicial  circuit  of  Indiana.  He  died  .Inly 
28,    1881. 

Slade,  Charles,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Massacliusetts.  In  l,S33-34  he  was  a  rep- 
reseiitalive  from  Illinois  to  thi"  twenty-third 
congress.  He  dieil  in  .luly,  1834.  in  l\iiox 
county.   HI. 

Slade,  Mrs.  Emma  Maleen  Hardy,  was 
lioni  Jan.  11.  IS17.  in  Lowell.  Mass.  She 
is  tiie  founder  and  organizer  an<l  first  pres- 
iileiit  of  the  National  society  of  New  Eng- 
land women;  the  president  general  of  tlie 
United    States    daughters    of    1812;    and    a 


222 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


l>rominent  member  of  the  daughters  of  the 
revolution,  having  held  the  position  of  di- 
rector  and  treasurer. 

Slade,  Daniel  Denison,  physician,  scientist, 
author,  was  born  May  10,  1823,  in  Boston, 
Mass.   He  attended  the  Boston  Latin  school 

and  graduated  from 
the  Harvard  univer- 
sity. He  was  a  phy- 
sician and  scientist, 
and  professor  of  zo- 
ology at  Harvard  uni- 
versity from  1871.  He 
was  the  author  of 
Diphtheria.  Its  Na- 
ture and  Treatment; 
Twelve  Days  in  the 
Saddle,  a  Journey  in 
New  England  in  1883 ; 
and  Evolution  of 
Horticulture  in  New  England.  He  died  Feb. 
11,   181)0,  in  Chestnut  Hill,  Mass. 

Slade,  James  P.,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Feb.  9,  1837,  in  Westerlo, 
N.Y.  In  1879-83  he  was  state  superintend- 
ent of  public  instruction  of  Illinois ;  eight 
years  president  of  Almira  college;  and  six 
years  superintendent  of  schools  at  East  St. 
Louis,  111. 

Slade,  William,  journalist,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  governor,  author,  was  born 
May  9,  1786,  in  Cornwall,  Vt.  In  1815-23 
he  was  secretary  of  state  of  Vermont;  and 
also  during  six  years  officiated  as  judge 
of  the  Addison  county  court.  He  was  sub- 
sequently state's  attorney  for  the  same 
county.  In  1831-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  Vermont  to  the  twenty-second,  twen- 
ty-third, twenty-fourth,  twenty-fifth,  twen- 
ty-sixth and  twenty-seventh  congresses; 
and  on  his  retirement  from  congress  was 
elected  reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Vermont.  In  1844-46  he 
was  the  fourteenth  governor  of  Vermont. 
He  was  subsequently  made  secretary  of  the 
national  board  of  popular  education.  He 
was  the  author  of  Vermont  State  Papers; 
Statutes  of  Vermont;  and  a  volume  of  Ver- 
mont Reports.  He  died  Jan.  18,  1859,  in 
Middlebury,  Vt. 

Slafter,  Carlos,  educator,  author,  was 
born  July  21,  1825.  in  Thetford,  Vt.  He 
received  his  education  at  the  Thetford 
academy,  and  in  1849  graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college.  He  taught  one  year  in  the 
Framingliam  academy;  and  for  forty  years, 
(luring  1852-02,  was  principal  of  the  Ded- 
ham  high  school.  Mass.  In  1865  he  was 
admitted  to  deacon's  orders  in  the  episcopal 
church;  and  for  three  years  was  chaplain 
of  the  county  prison  at  Dedliam.  He  was 
author  of  a  Compedium  of  l<]nglish  Gram- 
nuir,  several  novels,  and  various  address- 
es on  patriotic,  educational  and  historical 
sul)jects.    He   died   in   July,   1907. 

Slafter,  Edmund  Farwell,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  30,  1816,  in  Norwicli. 
Vt.    For  twenty  j'ears  he  was  superintend- 


ent for  the  protestant  episcopal  church  for 
the  American  Bible  society;  and  from 
1877  devoted  his  time  to  historical  studies. 
He  was  president  of  the  Prince  society  of 
Boston,  Mass.;  and  a  member  of  the  prin- 
cipal historical  societies  of  America  and 
Europe.  He  was  the  author  of  Memoir  of 
Charles  Wesley  Tuttle;  Memoir  of  the  Rev. 
William  Stoodley  Bartlett;  Royal  Arms; 
The  Discovery  of  America  by  the  North- 
men; Memoir  of  Fitch  Edward  Oliver; 
Memoir  of  Charles  Henry  Bell;  John  Check- 
ley;  and  Memorial  of  John  Slafter.  He  died 
in   1906  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Slagle,  Charles  W.,  merchant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  March  11,  1828,  in  Hanover, 
Pa.  He  is  distinguished  as  a  successful  mer- 
cl  ant  and  philanthropist  of  Baltimore,  Md. 
Slate,  Charles  E.,  legislator,  musician, 
was  born  May  14,  1847,  in  Thorndyke, 
Mass.  He  was  educated  at  Powers  institute 
of  Bernardston,  Mass.  In  1881  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  general  court  of  New 
Hampshire.  For  seven  years  he  was  as- 
sessor of  Winchester,  N.H.;  and  for  six 
years  was  overseer  of  the  poor.  Since  1890 
he  has  been  postmaster  of  Winchester,  N. 
H.  He  has  been  a  teacher  of  over  twenty 
brass  bands;  for  twelve  years  conducted  a 
popular  orchestra  under  his  own  name; 
and  has  on  numerous  occasions  efficiently 
rendered  cornet  solos  before  vast  audiences. 
Slater,  Ernest  Frederick,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Oct.  14,  1877.  in  Orangeburg, 
S.C.    He  Avas  educated  at  the  university  of 

Buflfalo;  at  the  uni- 
mtSmSmBP^^mffm  verslty  of  Missouri; 
^S^^Jf^'^ljl^  .  I  and  at  Harvard  uni- 
versity; and  received 
the  degrees  of  Pli.B. 
and  M.D.  In  1899- 
1900  he  was  employ- 
ed in  the  meat  in- 
spection work  of  the 
United  States  depart- 
ment of  agriculture  r 
and  since  1900  has 
served  as  an  assist- 
ant-surgeon in  the 
States  armj\  His  first  three  years 
in  the  army  was  spent  in  the  Phil- 
ij  pine  Islands,  mainly  on  field  service  in 
the  island  of  Luzon  until  the  capture  of 
Aguinaldo  in  1901;  and  then  in  the  com- 
mand under  Generals  Jacob  H.  Smith  and 
F.  D.  Grant  which  put  down  the  insurrec- 
tion in  tlie  island  of  Samar.  He  returned 
to  the  United  States  in  1903;  and  since  that 
time  has  served  at  the  Presidio  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal. ;  at  Washington  barracks, 
D,C. ;  at  Fort  Hancock,  N.J. ;  and  is  now 
stationed  at  Fort  Banks,  near  Boston.  Mass. 
He  is  the  author  of  Indicators  in  Chemical 
Reactions;   and  Practical  Labor  Reform. 

Slater,  James  Harvey,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gi'essman.  United  States  senator,  was  born 
Dec.  28,  1826,  in  Sangamon  county.  111.  He 
was    a    memOcr    of    the    Oregon    territorial 


United 
service 


HERRINGSHAWS  I.IBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


223 


assembly  in  1857-58;  and  of  the  state  as- 
sembly immediately  after  the  admission 
of  Oregon  as  a  state.  He  was  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  in  18G6;  and  was  a  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1868.  In  1871-73  he  was  a 
representative  from  Oregon  to  the  forty- 
second  congress;  and  in  lS7!»-85  was  United 
States  senator  from  Oregon.  In  1887  he 
was  appointed  railroad  commissioner  for 
Oregon.  He  died  Jan.  28,  1899,  in  La  Grande, 
Oi'egon. 

Slater,  John,  manufacturer,  banker,  was 
born  Dec.  25,  177().  in  England.  In  1825  he 
bought  mill  property  on  the  banks  of  the 
Paehaug  river.  In  1818  the  Burrillville  ag- 
liculture  and  manufacturing  bank  was  es- 
tablished; and  he  was  its  lirst  president. 
He  died  May  27.  1843,  in  Slatersville,  R.I. 
Slater,  John  Fox,  i)liilaiithropist,  was  born 
March  4,  1815.  in  Slaterville,  R.I.  He  was 
early  interested  in  the  cause  of  education, 
and'gave  liberally  for  the  establishment  of 
lie  Norwich  free  academy  and  other  ob- 
jects. In  1882  he  placed  in  the  hands  of 
trustees  one  million  dollars,  the  interest 
of  which  is  to  be  used  for  the  education  of 
freednien  in  the  south.  He  died  May  7, 
1884.  in  Norwich,  Conn. 

Slater,  William  Albert,  philanthropist. 
In  1886  he  transferred  to  the  Norwich  free 
academy  a  building  costing  one  hundred 
and  tiftv  tiiousand  dollars,  which  he  erected 
in  memory  of  liis  father,  John  Fox  Slater. 
Slattery,  Charles  Lewis,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Dec.  9^  1807,  in 
I'ittsburgh.  Pa.  In  1891  he  graduated  from 
Harvard  university  with  tiie  degree  of  A. 
B.;  and  in  1894  received  the  degree  of  1). 
H.  from  the  e|)iscopal  theological  school 
tf  Cambridge,  .Mass.  He  has  been  master 
in  the  (jroton  school  of  Massachusetts; 
and  in  1896-19(}7  was  dean  of  the  cathedral 
of  our  merciful  Saviour  at  Faribault.  Minn. 
Since  1907  he  lias  been  rector  of  Christ 
ciuirch  of  Springfield,  Mass.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Feli.v  Reville  Brunot ;  Edward  Lin- 
coln .\tkinson;  Occasional  Sermons:  and 
<,tlier   works. 

Slaughter,  Christopher  C.  soldier,  cattle 
raiser,  founder,  was  born  Feb.  9.  1837.  in 
Sabine  county,  'i'e.xas.  In  1861-65  he  served 
in  the  confederate  .states  army;  and  be- 
came captain  of  the  Texas  rangers  and  was 
brevetted  colonel.  He  has  raised  and  mark- 
eted the  largest  number  of  cattle  of  any 
iniliviilnai  in  .\merica;  and  owns  over  live 
liJimlred  thousand  acres  of  land  in  Texas. 
He  organized  the  Cattle  raisers'  a.ssociation 
of  Texas.  He  founded  the  Baptist  memorial 
sanitarium  at  Dallas,  Texas;  and  has  made 
large  gifts  to  churches,  colleges,  and  hos- 
l»itals. 

Slaughter,  Gabriel,  soldier,  farmer,  state, 
legislator,  governor,  was  born  in  1767  in 
V'irginia.  He  was  frequently  a  member 
of  the  Kentucky  state  legislature.  At  th<' 
battle  of  New  Orleans  he  was  chosen  col- 
onel of  a  Kentucky  regiment;   and  received 


the  thanks  of  the  legislature.  He  was  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Kentucky;  and  was  act- 
ing governor  in  1816-20.  He  died  Sept.  9, 
1830,  in  Mercer  county,  Ky. 

Slaughter,     Guilford     Hamilton,     farmer, 
statesman,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1828,  in  Hop- 
kinsville,  Ky.   He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
' —  lie      schools      of      the 

south.  He  was  post- 
master for  twenty- 
live  years;  and  for 
the  same  period  was 
a  justice  of  the  peace. 
For  two  terms  he 
served  as  a  member 
of  the  Tennessee 
state  senate.  He  was 
a  member  of  the 
Fanners'  national 

congress;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Tennessee 
state  board  of  charities.  He  died  Sept.  10, 
1897,  in  Nasliville,  Tenn. 

Slaughter,  James  E.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1S23.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Mexican 
war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  major-gen- 
eral in  the  confederate  service  during  the 
civil  war.  He  died  Jan.  2,  1901,  in  Mex- 
ico. 

Slaughter,  Linda  W.,  journalist,  poet,  was 
b(  rn  Feb.  1,  1850,  in  Harrison  county,  Ohio. 
•  She  is  a  writer  of  Bismai'ck,  N.D.;  and  has 
been  vice-president  of  the  Woman's  na- 
tional press  association  at  Washington,  D. 
C.  She  is  the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems 
eiitith'd    Early    ElTorts. 

Slaughter,  Philip,  clergyman,  author,  w-as 
Lorn  Oct.  26,  1808,  in  Springfield,  Va.  He 
was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  Virginia; 
and  historiographer  of  the  diocese.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Colonial  Church  in  Vir- 
ginia; and  Man  and  Woman.  He  died  June 
12,   1890,  in  Culpeper  county,  Va. 

Slaughter,  William  Bank,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  April  lU,  1798,  in  Culpeper  coun- 
ty, Va.  He  was  a  Wisconsin  lawyer  of  note, 
lie  was  the  author  of  Reminiscences  of 
Distinguished  People  I  Have  ISIet.  He  died 
July    21,    187!).    in    Madison,    Wis. 

Slayden,  James  L.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  1,  1853,  in  Graves 
(ounty,  Ky.  He  was  educated  in  the  coun- 
try schools;  and  at  the  Washington  and 
F>H'  university  of  \'irginia.  In  1892  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Texas  state  legislature; 
in  1897-19(>5  he  was  a  representative  from 
Texas  to  the  lifty-tifth,  fifty-sixth,  lifty- 
seveiith,  lifty-eighth,  lifty-niiitli,  sixtietli, 
sixty-first,  sixty-second  and  sixty-third 
congresses    as    a    democrat. 

Slaymaker,  Amos,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  Mareii  II,  1755,  in  London  Lands, 
Pa.  He  served  as  a  soldier  in  tiie  revolu- 
tionary army.  In  1813-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  thir- 
teenth congress  to  till  a  vacancy.  He  died 
June    12.    ls:!7.    ill    Salisliiiry.   Pa. 

Slayton,  Henry  Lake,  soldier,  business 
presiiient,  founder,   was  born   May  29,  1841, 


224 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


in  Woodstock,  Vt.  He  served  in  the  civil  war 
as  first  lieutenant.  He  practiced  law  in 
Chicago,  111.;  and  in  187-4  founded  the  Slay- 
ton  lyceum  bureau,  of  which  he  is  president. 
Sleat,  John  Drake,  naval  officer,  was  born 
in  17SU  in  New  York  City.  In  1800  he  en- 
tered the  navy  as  sailing  master;  passed 
through  all  grades;  and  attained  the  rank 
of  rear-admiral.  He  died  Nov.  28,  1867,  in 
New  Brighton,  N.Y. 

Sledd,  Andrew,  educator,  college  president, 
was  burn  Nov.  7,  1870,  in  Lynchburg,  Va. 
Since  1904  he  has  been  president  of  the  uni- 
versity of  Florida. 

Sledd,  Benjamin,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  27,  1864,  in  Bedford  county,  Va. 
Since  1888  he  has  been  professor  of,  Eng- 
lish at  Wake  Forest  college  of  North  Caro- 
lina. He  is  the  author  of  The  Watches  of 
tlie  Hearth:   and  Idylls  of  the  Old  South. 

Sleeper,  beorge  Washington,  merchant, 
abolitionist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  15,  182(1. 
in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  was  educated  in  tlu 
public  schools  of  his  native  city.  He  mov- 
ed to  Boston,  Mass.,  where  he  became  a 
successful  tea  merchant.  He  also  became 
widely  known  as  a  resolute  champion  of 
free  speech;  a  lecturer  on  free  thought; 
and  an  advocate  of  anti-slavery.  He  was 
the  first  to  advance  the  theory  that  germs 
cause  most  diseases.  He  was  q.n  accom-, 
plislied  phrenologist;  often  declaring  that 
the  study  and  application  of  phrenology  is 
essential'  to  the  true  civilization  of  man; 
and  during  his  career  traveled  all  over  the 
United  States  and  Canada.  He  was  the 
author  of  Education  and  Its  Offspring,  Civ- 
ilization. He  died  Sept.  13,  1903,  in  Jersey 
City,  N.J.  His  father  was  Jonathan  Sleep- 
er,'  of  the  Baltimore  hussars  in  the  war 
of  1812.  His  son,  John  F.  Sleeper,  is  a 
noted  professor  of  Jersey  City,  N.J. 

Sleeper,  Jacob,  merchant,  trustee,  was 
burn  Nov.  21,  1802.  in  New  Castle,  JMaine. 
In  1826  he  established  a  wholesale  cloth- 
ing firm.  He  was  for  twelve  years  overseer 
at  the  Harvard  university  of  Boston,  Mass.; 
and  was  a  trustee  of  the  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity. He  died  ^March  31,  1889,  in  Boston, 
Ma'ss. 

Sleeper,  John  Fremont,  assayer,  chemist, 
author,  poet,  was  born  May  19,  1864,  in 
Providence,  RJ.  After  a  two-years'  course 
in  Professors  Eaton  and  Main's  laboratory 
in  Brooklyn  he  received  his"  diploma.  He 
has  been  in  the  assay  office  of  the  United 
States  government;  and  was  chemist  and 
assayer  in  the  Maine  state  assay  office. 
In  1887-89  was  in  business  for  himself; 
and  in  1890-1901  was  chief  chemist  in  Lu- 
cas Pitkin's  laboratory  of  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Civilization  and  the 
Indian:  Determination  of  Nickel;  and  other 
scientific  papers;  and  the  first  volume  of 
The  Tabular  Atlas  of  the  Chemistry  of  the 
Metals.  He  is  also  the  author  of  Tiic  Art 
of  the  Painter;  The  Tocsin;  Cronje's  Glory; 


]\Iarch  of  Oliver;  The  Marion  of  the  Free 
State;  Zeefontein's  Christmas;  and  Twe- 
bosch-Palmeitknill. 

Sleeper,  John  Sherburne,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  21,  1794,  in  Tyngs- 
boro,  Mass.  He  was  a  shipmaster;  and 
editor  of  The  Boston  Journal  in  1834-54. 
He  was  the  author  of  Tales  of  the  Ocean; 
Salt-Water  Bubbles;  Jack  in  the  Fore- 
castle; and  Mark  Rowland,  a  Tale  of  the 
Sea.  He  died  Nov.  14,  1878,  in  Boston 
Highlands,    Mass. 

Sleeper,  William  True,  clergyman,  poet, 
Avas  born  Feb.  9,  1819,  in  Danbury,  N.H. 
He  received  his  education  in  Exeter,  N.H.; 

graduated  from  the 
university  of  Ver- 
mont in  1850;  and 
three  years  later 
from  the  Andover 
theological  seminary. 
For  four  years  he 
was  chaplain  of  the 
reform  school  at 
Westboro,  Mass.;  and 
has  filled  pastorates 
at  Patten,  Sherman 
and  Fort  Fairfield, 
Maine;  and  for  nine- 
teen years  at  Worcester,  jNIass.  He  was 
supervisor  of  schools  in  Aroostook  coun- 
ty. Maine,  during  1870-72;  was  editor  and 
founder  of  the  North  Star  of  Caribou, 
Maine;  and  the  projector  and  president 
of  tiie  Aroostook  river  railroad.  Since  1853 
he  was  engaged  in  the  ministry,  and  built 
five  churches.  He  was  the  author  of  a  vol- 
ume of  poems.  He  died  Sept.  24,  1904,  in 
Wellesley,  Mass. 

Sleicher,  John  Albert,  journalist,  was 
born  Oct.  4,  1848,  in  Troy,  N.Y.  He  began 
]iis  journalistic  career  as  editor  of  the  Troy 
Press;  and  later  resumed  the  same  position 
on  the  Troy  Times.  In  1883-89  he  was 
owner  of  the  Evening  Journal  of  Albany, 
N.Y'^. ;  since  1889  has  been  in  charge  and 
is  editor-in-chief  of  Leslie's  Weekly  of  New 
York  City;  and  in  1890-93  editor-in-chief 
of  the  New  York  Mail  and  Express.  In 
1889-1901  he  was  a  member  of  the  state 
civil  service  commission  and  was  super- 
visor of  the  city  records. 

Sleight,  Charles  Lee,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  4,  1856,  in  New  York  City. 
Since  1883  he  has  been  a  clergyman  of  the 
jtrotestant  episcopal  church;  and  now  fills 
a  pastorate  in  Waterford,  N.Y.  He  is  the 
author  of  Prince  of  the  Pin  Elves;  and 
Tiu^  Water  People. 

Sleight,  Mary  Breck,  litterateur,  author, 
was  liorn  in  New  York  City.  She  is  the 
author  of  Prairie  Days;  Osego  Chronicles; 
Pulpit  and  Easel;  The  House  at  Crague; 
Flag  on  the  INIill;  The  Knights  of  Sandy 
Hollow:' and    An    Island  Heroine. 

Slemmer,  Adam  J.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1828    in   ]\[ontgomory   county,   Pa.    In    1850 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


225 


he      graduated 


Irom  West  Point;  and 
served  in  the  Semi- 
nole, Mexican  and 
civil  wars.  He  at- 
tained the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  o  i 
volunteers  in  18G2; 
and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  battle  of 
Alurfreesboro.  From 
1863  to  the  close  of 
the  war  he  served  on 
an  examining  board 
as  its  president.  He 
~  won    the    brevets    of 

colonel  and  brigadier-general  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  army  in  1865;  and  spent  the 
balance  of  his  life  in  command  at  Fort 
Laramie.  Kan.,  where  he  died  Oct.  7,  1868. 
Siemens,  William  F.,  soldier,  laAvyer, 
congressman,  was  born  March  15,  1830,  in 
Weakly    county,     Tenn.     He    entered     the 

southern  army  in 
1861;  and  remained 
in  service  until  its 
close.  He  rose  from 
lieutenant  to  briga- 
dier-general; a'nd 
commanded  a  d  ivi- 
sion.  After  the  war 
he  was  district  at- 
torney; and  in  1875- 
81  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ar- 
kansas to  the  forty- 
fourth,  forty-fifth 
and  fort v-sixtli  congresses  as  a  democrat. 
Slemp,  Campbell,  soldier,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  2.  1839,  in  Lee 
county.  \'a.  He  served  in  tlie  confederate 
army  during  the  civil  war;  and  attained 
tile  rank  of  colonel.  In  1879-83  he  was  a 
member  of  the  X'irginia  state  legislature. 
In  1903-07  lie  was  a  representative  from 
\'irgiiiia  to  the  fifty-cigiitii  and  fifty-ninth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Oct. 
13.    1907.    in    W\<s    Stone    Cap,   Va. 

Slemp,  Campbell  Bascom,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  4,  1870,  in  Lee 
county,  \'a.  In  1890  he  graduated  from  the 
\iiginia  military  institute.  He  was  com- 
ma mlaiit  of  cadets  and  jirofessor  of  mathe- 
matics at  tlie  Marion  military  institute. 
In  19(U  lie  began  the  practice  of  law;  and 
in  19(15  was  chairman  of  the  republican 
state  committee.  In  1909-15  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  N'iiginia  to  the  sixty-first, 
sixty-second  and  sixty-tliird  congresses  as 
a    icpiiblicaii. 

Slenker,  Mrs.  Elmina  Drake,  educator, 
author,  was  iiorn  Dec.  23.  1827.  in  La- 
(irange.  S.Y.  SIk?  i.s  a  writer  living  at 
Snowville.  Va.  She  is  the  author  of  Study- 
ing the  Hible:  John's  Way;  The  Darwins; 
Mary  Jones;  Little  Lessons  for  Little 
Folks:  and  editor  of  Little  Free  Tliiiiker. 
Slevin,  Patrick  Summerville,  soldier, 
was  bdin  in  Ireland.  In  1862  he  was  lieu- 
tenant-colonel   in    the    one    hundreth    regi- 


ment Ohio  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.   He   died   Sept.   9,   1894. 

Sleyster,  Aaron  L.,  pliotographer,  poet, 
was  born  March  11,  1856,  in  Waupun,  Wis. 
He  is  a  successful  photographer  of  Pres- 
ton, Minn.;  and  the  author  of  Howard 
Cray  and  Other  Poems;  and  Hours  of 
Pleasure,    illustrated. 

Sheer,  Henry,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  ISOl  in  Annapolis,  Md.  He  was  a 
methodist  clergyman;  and  eight  times  was 
chajjlain  of  the  United  States  senate.  He 
was  the  author  of  Appeal  on  Christian  Bap- 
tism; and  Discourse  on  Duelling.  He  died 
Ajirii   23.    1874,   in   Baltimore,   Md. 

Slicer,  Thomas  Roberts,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  16,  1847,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  Since  1897  he  has  been  pastor 
of  the  unitarian  church  of  All  Souls  of 
New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Great  Atlirmations  of  Religion;  One  World 
at  a  Time;   and  other  works. 

Slichter,  Charles  Sumner,  mathematician, 
autlior,  was  born  April  16,  1864,  in  St. 
Paul,  Minn.  In  1900-03  he  was  president 
of  tlie  Wisconsin  academy  of  sciences.  He 
is  the  author  of  School  Algebra;  Univer- 
sity Algebra;  and  Logarithmic  Tables  for 
Kapid  Computations. 

Slidell,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  dip- 
lomat, United  States  senator,  was  born 
about  1793  in  New  York  City.  He  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  district  attorney; 
and  was  frequently  elected  to  the  legisla- 
ture,' of  Louisiana.  In  1843-47  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  twentj'-eighth  and 
twenty-nintli  congresses;  and  while  in  con- 
gress was  appointed  minister  to  Mexico. 
In  1853-61  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  died  July  29,  1871,  in  London,  England. 

Slidell,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1853- 
55  he  was  cliief  justice  of  the  sujirenic 
court  of  l^ouisiana. 

Slingerland,  John  I.,  agriculturist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  March 
],  1804,  in  Albany  county,  N.Y.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  New  Y'ork  legislature  in 
IS43.  In  1847-49  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirtieth  congress. 
Ill'  died  Oct.  20.   1861,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Sloan,  A.  Scott,  lawj-er,  jurist,  state  leg- 
i>lator.  congressman,  was  born  in  1820  in 
.\l orris vi lie.  N.Y.  He  moved  to  Wisconsin 
in  1854;  was  elected  to  the  Wisconsin  leg- 
islature in  1856;  was  apjxiinteil  a  circuit 
judge  in  1858.  In  1861-63  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Wisconsin  to  tlie  thirty- 
seventh  congress.  He  died  Ajiril  8,  1895. 
ill    Heaver    Dam,  Wis. 

Sloan,  Andrew,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  .luiie  10.  1845,  in  McDonougli,  Ca. 
Ii(>  moved  to  Savannah;  and  was  appoint- 
ed deputy  collector  of  customs.  He  was 
.•ippointed  United  States  district  attorney, 
and  held  the  iiositiou  until  1872.  In  1873- 
74  lie  was  a  representative  from  (ieorgia 
to  the   fort^-third  congress. 


226 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Sloan,  Benjamin,  soldier,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  April  15,  1836, 
in  Pendleton,  S.C.  In  1855-60  he  attended 
West  Point  military  academy;  and  in  1861- 
65  served  in  the  confederate  army.  Since 
1878  he  has  been  engaged  in  educational 
work;  and  since  1902  has  been  president 
of  the   South  Carolina  college. 

Sloan,  Charles  H.,  congressman,  lawyer, 
was  born  May  2,  1863,  in  Monticello,  Iowa. 
For  four  years  he  was  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  Fillmore  county,  Neb.,  and  has  been 
a  member  of  the  Nebraska  state  senate. 
In  1911-15  he  was  a  representative  from 
Nebraska  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third  congresses   as   a  republican. 

Sloan,  George  Beale,  merchant,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  June  20,  1831,  in  Oswego, 
N.Y.  He  strongly  supported  the  cause  of 
the  union  during  the  civil  war;  and  was 
four  times  elected  to  represent  his  district 
in  the  state  assembly.  He  was  also  three 
times  elected  to  the  state  senate,  and 
served  in  1886-91.  He  died  in  1904  in  Os- 
wego, N.Y. 

Sloan,  Ithamar  C,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Madison  county,  N.Y.  He  re- 
moved to  Wisconsin  in  1854;  and  in  1858- 
62  was  district  attorney  of  Rock  county. 
In  1863-67  he  was  a  representative  from 
Wisconsin  to  the  thirty-eighth  and  thir- 
ty-ninth congress.  He  died  in  1898  in 
Rock  covmty,  Wis. 

Sloan,  James,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  Jersey.  In  1803-09  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  eighth, 
ninth  and  tenth  congresses.  He  died  in 
November,   1811,  in  New  Jersey. 

Sloan,  John  A.,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
July  20,  1839,  in  Greensboro,  N.C.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  colonel.  He  was  the  author  of  a 
History  of  North  Carolina  in  the  War 
Between  the  States.  He  died  in  November, 
1886,  near  Baltimore. 

Sloan,  John  Randolph,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Jan.  18,  1851,  in  Green  county, 
Ind.    He  was  educated  at  Champaign,  111.; 

and  in  1891  gradu- 
ated with  the  degree 
of  M.D.  from  the 
Kansas  City  medi- 
cal college  of  Mis- 
souri. He  is  a  suc- 
cessful physician  and 
surgeon  of  Stanley, 
Kan.;  and  is  medical 
examiner  for  the 
New  York  life  insur- 
ance company  and  for 
the  Modern  woodmen 
of  America.  He  is  a 
member  of  several  medical  associations; 
and  lias  filled  various  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  His  ancestors  were  originally  from 
Scotland  and  first  settled  in  Virginia.  In 
1818  his  grandfather  purchased  a  large 
tract  of  land  on  Indian  creek,  Ind. 


Sloan,  Richard  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  June  22,  1857,  in  Preble  county,  Ohio. 
In  1877  he  graduated  from  Monmouth  col- 
lege; and  in  1884  from  the  Cincinnati  law 
school.  In  1884  he  began  the  practice  of 
law  in  Arizona;  and  soon  attained  prom- 
inence at.  the  bar.  In  1889  he  was  appoint- 
ed associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Arizona. 

Sloan,  Samuel,  architect  author,  was  born 
March  7,  1815,  in  Chester  county,  Pa.  He 
was  an  architect  of  Philadelphia.  He  was 
the  author  of  City  and  Suburban  Archi- 
tecture; Constructive  Architecture;  The 
Model  Architect;  and  Homestead  Archi- 
tecture. He  died  July  19,  1884,  in  Raleigh, 
N.C. 

Sloan,  Samuel,  state  senator,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Dec.  25,  1817,  in  Ire- 
land. He  served  in  the  New  York  state 
senate  in  1858-59.  He  was  president  of  the 
Hudson  river  railroad,  Michigan  Central 
railroad  and  of  various  other  railroads. 
He  died  S.'pt.  22,  1907,  in  Garrison,  N.Y. 

Sloan,  William  James,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1837  he  was  assistant 
surgeon;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  lieu- 
tenant-colonel and  brigadier-general.  He 
died   March   17,   1880. 

Sloane,  Altiea  Baldwin,  musician,  com- 
jiosi'r,  was  born  Aug.  28,  1870,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  Since  1890  he  has  composed 
nuisic.  He  has  written  music  for  many  of 
the  late  Charles  Hoyt's  farces  including 
Sergeant  Kitty;  and  The  Mocking  Bird. 
He  composed  the  music  for  All  Around 
Chicago;  The  Gingerbread  Man;  and  Com- 
ing Through  the  Rye. 

Sloane,  James  Renwick  Wilson,  educator, 
clergyman,  college  president,  was  born'  May 
29,  1823,  in  Topsham,  Vt.  In  1848-50  he 
was  president  of  Richmond  college,  Ohio; 
of  Geneva  college  in  1851-56;  pastor  in 
New  Y^ork  during  1856-68;  and  professor 
of  systejnatic  theology  and  homiletics  in 
Alleghany  theological  seminary  in  1868-86. 
He  died  March  6,  1886,  in  Alleghany  City, 
Pa. 

Sloane,  John,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1779  in  Y^ork,  Pa.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  general  as- 
sembly in  1804-05,  and  1805  was  speaker. 
He  was  a  receiver  of  public  moneys  at 
Canton  in  1808-16;  and  was  afterward  at 
Wooster  until  1819.  He  was  a  colonel  of 
militia  during  tlie  war  of  1812.  In  1819-29 
he  was  a  reprtsentative  from  Ohio  to  the 
sixteenth,  seventeenth,  eighteenth,  nine- 
teenth and  twentietli  congress.  He  was 
secretary  of  state  for  three  years;  and 
was  treasurer  of  the  United  States  under 
President  Fillmore.  He  died  May  \^,  1856, 
in  Wooster,  Ohio. 

Sloane,  Jonathan,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Massaclmsetts.  In  1833-37  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-third 
and  twentv-fourth  congresses.  He  died  in 
Ohio. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


227 


Sloane,  Rush  Richard,  lawyir,  jurist, 
tiiuuK'it.'r,  was  boni  .Sept.  IS,  1S28,  in  Saii- 
diislcy,  Oiiio.  llu  was  twice  elected  probate 
judge  of  tSandusky,  Ohio,  lu  187'J-S1  he 
was  mayor  of  Sandusky,  Ohio.  He  has  been 
a  promoter  of  raiUoad  building  in  Ohio; 
and  actually  built  the  line  between  Colum- 
bus  antl   Sprinylield. 

isloane,  Thomas  O'Conor,  chemist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  jS'ov.  24,  1851,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  a  chemist  of  New  York  City; 
ana  on  the  editorial  stall  of  The  Scientihc 
American.  He  invented  a  self-recording 
pliotometer.  He  is  the  author  of  Home 
i!iXperiments  in  Science;  and  Standard 
Electrical  Dictionary;  J^iquid  Air  and  Li- 
quefaction of  Cases;  and  Elementary  Elec- 
trical Calculations. 

Sloane,  William  Milligan,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  12,  ISoU,  in  Rich- 
mond, Ohio.  In  1870-90  he  was  a  profes- 
sor of  Princeton  university;  and  has  been 
a  professor  of  history  at  Columbia  col- 
lege since  1890.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
French  War  and  the  Revolution;  Life  of 
James  ^rCosh;  and  Life  of  Napoleon  Bon- 
aparte. 

Sloat,  John  Drake,  naval  otticer,  was 
born  in  178U  in  New  York  City.  He  served 
in  the  war  of  1812;  and  in  the  Mexican 
and  civil  wars;  attaining  for  meritorius 
services  the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  In  1840 
he  occupied  Monterey,  Cal.,  and  declared 
tliat  country  annexed  to  the  United  States. 
He  died  Nov.  28,  1S07,  in  New  Brighton, 
N.Y. 

Slocum,  Arthur  Gaylord,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1847,  in  Steu- 
ben, N.Y.  In  1870-92  he  was  superintend- 
ent of  schools  and  principal  of  the  Free 
academy  of  Corning,  N.Y.  Since  1892  he 
has  been  president  of  Kalamazoo  college, 
Michigan. 

Slocum,  Charles  Elihu,  educator,  physi- 
cian, banker,  author,  philanthropist,  was 
born  Dec.  30,  1841,  in  Northvillc,  N.Y.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Fort  Edward  colle- 
giate institute;  at  the  university  of  Mich- 
igan; at  the  college  of  physicians  and  sur- 
geons of  New  York  City;  at  Jell'erson  col- 
lege of  Philadelphia;  and  at  the  university 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  taught  school  in  as- 
cending grades  several  years  previous  to  his 
medical  course.  In  1871  he  settled  in  De- 
llance.  Ohio,  where  lie  has  been  prominent 
not  only  as  a  physician,  but  a  banker,  and 
an  autiiority.  He  f<)Uiule<l  the  Cliarles  Elihu 
Slocum  library  of  the  Ohio  wesleyan  uni- 
versity. He  is  a  member  of  the  local,  state 
and  national  medical  and  scientific  socie- 
ties, before  which  he  has  read  occasional 
papers;  a  member  of  the  American  micro- 
.scoj)ical  society ;  and  a  member  of  the 
American  association  for  the  advancement 
of  science,  lie  was  |)rofessor  of  psycholo- 
gy and  ethics  in  the  Cleveland  college  of 
physicians  and  siirgrons  in  1890- 1900;  and 
was  a  professor  in  Defiance  colIeg«'.  A  large 
stone    building    nam^  I    the    Charles    Elihu 


Slocum  library,  built  by  him  in  Delaware, 
was  dedicated  in  1898  for  the  Ohio  wesley- 
an university.  He  is  the  author  of  A  His- 
tory of  the  Slocums,  Slocumbs  and  Slo- 
combs  of  America,  Genealogical  and  Bio- 
grai)hical;  and  History  of  the  Maumee 
Kiver   Basin. 

Slocum,  Elliott  Truax,  state  senator,  cap- 
italist, was  born  May  15,  1839,  in  Trenton, 
Mich.  In  1809  he  was  elected  a  state  sen- 
ator to  the  Michigan  legislature;  and  in 
1880  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  board 
of  park  commissioners  of  Detroit.  He  is 
now  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Union  trust 
company  of  Detroit. 

Slocum,  Frances,  Indian  captive,  was 
born  in  1773  in  Warwick,  R.I.  In  1778  she 
was  carried  into  captivity  by  the  Dela- 
ware Indians.  She  married  a  Miami  chief- 
tain; and  was  reverenced  as  a  queen.  She 
refused  to  return  to  Ler  people  when  found 
by  her  brothers;  and  was  an  ardent  worker 
tor  the  well-being  of  the  Indians.  She  died 
ilarcli  9,  1847,  near  Reserve,  Ind.,  where  a 
monument  was  erected  to  her  memory. 

Slocum,  Henry  Warner,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  24, 
1827,  in  New  York.    In  1859  he  was  elected 

to  the  state  legisla- 
ture; and  in  1859-01 
was  instructor  of  ar- 
tillery in  the  New- 
York  militia.  At  the 
commencement  of  the 
civil  war  he  was 
cliosen  colonel  of  the 
twenty-seventh  regi- 
ment of  New  Y'ork 
volunteers;  and  be- 
fore the  close  of  1861 
was  made  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers. 
In  1802  he  was  appointed  a  major-general. 
In  1868  he  was  chosen  a  presidential  elector. 
In  1869-73  and  1883-85  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  forty-lirst,  for- 
ty-second and  forty-eiglith  congresses.  He 
(lied  April   14,  1894,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Slocum,  Jesse,  congressman.  In  1817-21 
he  was  a  representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  congress- 
es. He  died.  Dec.  20,  1820,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Slocum,  Joshua,  sailor,  shipmaster,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  20,  1844,  in  Nova  Sco- 
tia, Canada.  His  several  commands  were 
all  under  the  rtag  of  the  United  States.  For 
fifteen  years  he  sailed  out  of  San  Francis- 
co to  China,  Australia,  the  Spice  Islands 
and  Japan.  In  IS')S  hi-,  completed  a  voyage 
around  the  world  alone  in  a  nine-ton  .sloop, 
which  he  built  with  his  own  hands.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Voyage  of  the  Lihcr- 
(lade  from  Brazil  to  i\ew  York;  and  Sail- 
ing .Mone   Around   (nc  World. 

Slocum,  Stephen  Elmer,  educator,  author, 
was  born  June  5,  1875,  in  Glenville,  N.Y. 
Since  1900  he  has  been  professor  of  ap- 
plied   mathematics    at     the     university    of 


228 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Cincinnati.    He  is  part  author  of  Textbook 
on   the   Strength  of  Materials. 

Slocum,  Wilard,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ohio. 
In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the  twenty-third 
regiment  Oiiio  infantry;  and  in  1865  he 
was  bre vetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. He  died  Sept.  23,  1894,  in  Ashland, 
Ohio. 

Slocum,  William  Frederick,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  July  29,  1851, 
ill  Grafton,  Mass.  He  has  been  president 
State  board  charities  and  corrections.  Since 
1888  he  has  been  president  of  Colorado  col- 
lege; and  is  also  professor  of  philosophy 
in  that  institution. 

Slocumb,  Jesse,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.  20,  1780,  in  Dudley,  N.C.  He  was  a 
member  of  congress  from  North  Carolina 
in  1817-20.  He  died  Dec.  20,  1820,  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C. 

Slocumb,  Ezekiel,  soldier,  legislator,  was 
born  about  1750  in  Craven  county,  N.C.  He 
served  through  the  revolutionary  war.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina  house 
of  commons  in  1812-18.  He  died  July  4, 
1840,  near  Dudley,  N.C. 

Sloss,  Joseph  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  12, 
1826,  in  Somerville,  Ala.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Illinois  legislature  in  1858.  He 
returned  to  Alabama,  and  joined  the  con- 
federate army,  in  which  he  served  until 
tlie  close  of  the  war.  He  was  elected  mayor 
of  Tuscumbia  after  the  civil  war,  and  con- 
tinued in  that  office  until  1870.  In  1871-73 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Alabama  to 
the  forty-second  congress. 

Sloss,  "m.  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  is  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
of    California   for    the   term    of    1906-18. 

Slosson,  Mrs.  Annie  Trumbull,  entomol- 
ogist, author,  was  born  in  Stonington,  Conn. 
Her  specialty  is  the  study  of  moths.  She 
is  the  author  of  Aunt  Liefy;  Fishin'  Jim- 
my; Seven  Dreamers;  The  Heresy  of  Me- 
lietabel  Clark;  Anna  Malann;  and  The 
C;liina    Hunter's    Club. 

Slough,  John  P.,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  in  1829  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio.  He  was  elected  to  the  Ohio 
state  legislature,  from  which  he  Avas  ex- 
•  pelled  for  striking  a  member  during  debate. 
In  1860  he  removed  to  Denver  City,  Col. 
On  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war  he 
served  with  credit  on  the  southwestern 
frontiers;  and  was  made  a  brigadier-gen- 
eral and  military  governor  at  Alexandria, 
in  Virginia.  At  the  close  of  the  civil  war 
he  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  ter- 
ritory of  New  Mexico.  He  died  Dec.  16, 
18(17,  in  Santa  Fe,  N.M. 

Sloughter,  Henry,  colonial  governor.  In 
l()ni-!t2  i:e  was  colonial  governor  New  York. 
Sluter,  George  Ludewig,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, wan;  born  May  5,  1837,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  is  a  lutheran  clergyman  and  in 
1881-83  was  pastor  of  Arlington,  N.J.  He 
is  the  author  of  History  of  Our  Beloved 
Churcli;   Life  of  Tiberius;   The  Religion  of 


Politics;  History  of  Shelby  County,  Ind.; 
and  Historical  and  Critical  Essay  on  the 
Acta  Pilate. 

Small,  Albion  Woodbury,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  May  11, 
1854,  in  Buckfield,  Maine.  In  1889-92  he 
was  president  of  Colby  college;  and  since 
1892  has  been  head  of  the  department  of 
sociology  at  the  university  of  Chicago; 
he  is  the  author  of  General  Sociology; 
Adam  Smith  and  Modern  Sociology;  and 
The  Cameralists,  the  Pioneers  of  Modern 
German  Polity. 

Small,  Alvin  Edmond,  physician,  scien- 
tist, was  born  March  4,  1811,  in  Maine. 
In  1856  he  removed  to  Chicago;  and  soon 
after  his  arrival  in  that  city  he  was  called 
to  the  chair  of  theory  and  practice  in  Hah 


nemann  college,  which  he  held  for  life.    He 
died  Dec.  29,  1866,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Small,  Elwood  Eldenne,  journalist,  poet, 
was  born  July  22,  1869,  in  Marshall,  Mich. 
He  is  a  journalist  of  Valparaiso,  Ind.  He 
is  the  author  of  Rhymes  with  Reason  and 
Without. 

Small,  John  Humphrey,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1858,  in 
Washington,  N.C.  In  1883-86  he  was  pro- 
prietor and  editor  of  the  Washington  Ga- 
zette; and  was  for  one  year  mayor  of 
Washington,  N.C.  In  1899-1915  he  was  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  to  the 
lifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty- 
ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second  and 
sixty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Small,  Michael  Peter,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  9,  1831,  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.  He  be- 
came brevet  colonel  of  United  States  vol- 
unteers ;  and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
in  1865  for  meritorious  services  in  the  sub- 
sistence department  during  the  civil  war. 
From  1884  he  was  purchasing  and  depot 
commissary  at  Baltimore,  Md.  He  died  Aug. 
1,  1892,  in  Governor's  Island,  N.Y. 

Small,  William  B.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Limington,  Maine.  In  1873-75  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  forty-third  congress.  He  died  April  7, 
1875,  in  New  York  City. 

Smalley,  Bradley  Barlow,  lawyer,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1835,  in 
Jericho,  Vt.  In  1861-85  he  was  clerk  of  the 
United  States  circuit  and  district  courts 
of  Vermont;  and  in  1861-96  was  United 
States  commissioner.  In  1885-89  and  1893- 
97  he  was  collector  of  customs  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Vermont.  He  has  been  president 
of  the  Montpelier  and  White  River  railroad 
company;  president  of  the  National  car 
company;  and  tlie  Ogdcnsburgh  and  Lake 
Champlain  railroad  company;  the  Montreal 
Province  line  railroad  company;  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Burlington  trust  company,  and 
other   companies. 

Smalley,  Daniel  Stone,  educator.  For 
many  years  he  was  interested  in  the  public 
schools  of  Boston,  Mass.;  and  held  a  pro- 
fessorship in  the  Eliot  school  of  Jamaica 
Plains,  Mass.   In  1857  he  published  the  first 


HERRINGSHAWS   I^IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


229 


phonetic  dictionary,  entitled  Smalley's 
Phonetic  Dictionary.  He  died  in  1886  in 
Jamaica  Phiins,  Mass. 

Smalley,  David  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  was  born  April  6,  1809,  in  Middle- 
bury,  Vt.  In  1842  he  was  elected  Vermont 
state  senator,  and  declined  a  re-election. 
In  1853  he  was  appointed  collector  of  cus- 
toms for  Vermont;  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Cincinnati  convention  of  1857;  and  in  that 
year  was  appointed  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  district  of  Vermont.  He  died 
in  ^'ermont. 

Smalley,  Eugene  Virgil,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  18,  1841,  in  Randolph, 
Ohio.  In  1878-82  he  was  correspondent 
and  editorial  writer  for  the  New  York  Tri- 
bune: and  is  now  editor  of  the  Northwest 
magazine  of  St.  Paul,  Minn.  He  was  the 
author  of  History  of  the  Northern  Pacific 
Railroad;  and  History  of  the  Republican 
Party;  and  Political  History  of  Minnesota. 
He  died  Dee.  30,  ISHO,  at  Kenosha,  Wis. 

Smalley,  Frank,  educator,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  10,  1846,  in  Towanda, 
Pa.    Since   1894  he  has  filled  the  chairs   of 

geology,  zoology  and 
botany  in  the  Syra- 
cuse university;  and 
since  1877  has  filled 
the  chair  of  Latin 
language  and  litera- 
ture in  the  same  in- 
stitution. He  is  the 
author  of  Latin  Anal- 
ysis; Latin  Verse; 
Latin  Etymology ; 
Latin  Hymns;  Com- 
mentary on  Cicero's 
Tusculan  Disputa- 

tions:  and  other  works  and  translations. 

Smalley,  George  Washburn,  journalist, 
autlior,  was  Vjorn  June  2,  1833,  in  Franklin, 
Mass.  He  is  a  noted  journalist;  was  the 
London  correspondent  of  the  New  York 
Tribune  in  1867-9.');  and  from  1895  Amer- 
ican correspondent  of  the  London  Times. 
He  is  tlie  autlior  of  London  Letters,  and 
Some  Others;  Studies  of  Men;  and  Re- 
view of  I^riglit  Speeciies. 

Smalley,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
biiiii  .luiir  4,  1734.  in  Lebanon,  now  Colum- 
bia, Conn.  He  was  pastor  at  New  Britain 
in  17')8-1820.  He  was  the  autlior  of  Na- 
tional and  Moral  Inability;  and  Universal 
Salvation.  He  died  June'l,  1820,  in  New 
I'.ritain.  Conn. 

Smallwood,  William,  soldier,  governor, 
was  l)orn  in  1732  in  Kent  county,  Md.  In 
1776  lie  was  appointed  brigadier-general  for 
service  (luring  the  revolutionary  war  and 
1)1  17H(t  was  piomoted  to  the  rank  of  major- 
general.  In  1785  he  was  elected  to  the 
continental  congress  from  Maryland;  and 
in  the  same  year  was  chosen  governor  of 
Maryland.  He-  di.-d  Feb.  14,  1792.  in  Prince 
(Jeorge   county,   Md. 

Smalls,  Robert,  naval  officer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born   April  5,   1839, 


in    Beaufort,   S.C. 


L 


He  was  a  pilot  in  the 
navy,  and  captain  of 
the  steamer  Planter 
in  1863-66.  He  was 
a  member  of  the 
state  constitutional 
convention.  In  1868 
he  was  a  member  of 
the  South  Carolina 
■"^  house  of  representa- 
tives; he  also  filled 
the  unexpired  term 
in  the  state  senate 
for  two  years ;  and 
in  1872  was  re-elected 
to  that  position.  He  was  made  lieutenant- 
colonel  and  brigadier-general;  and  after- 
wards major-general  of  state  troops.  In 
1875-79  and  1881-87  he  was  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  to  the  forty-fourth, 
forty-fifth,  forty-seventh,  forty-eighth  and 
forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  republican. 
Since  1898  he  has  been  collector  of  cus- 
toms in  port  of  Beaufort,  S.C. 

Smarius,  Cornelius  Francis,  clergyman, 
author,  poet,  was  born  March  3,  1823,  in 
Holland.  In  1859-60  he  filled  a  pastorate 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  in  1850-52  and  1857- 
58  he  was  vice-president  of  the  university 
of  St.  Louis.  He  was  the  author  of  Points 
of  Controversy.  He  died  March  2,  1870,  in 
Detroit,  Mich, 

Smart,  Charles,  soldier,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  18,  1841,  in  Aberdeen, 
Scotland.  In  1862  he  enlisted  as  assistant 
surgeon  in  tVie  sixty-third  regiment  New 
York  volunteers;  and  in  1864  was  appoint- 
ed assistant  surgeon  in  the  United  States 
army.  Since  1902  he  has  held  the  rank  of 
colonel;  and  in  1903-05  was  assistant  sur- 
geon-general in  the  United  States  army. 
He  was  the  author  of  Driven  from  the 
Path,  a  novel;  and  Handbook  for  Hospital 
Corps.  He  died  in  1905  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Smart,  Ephraim  K.,  lawyer,  journalist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1813  in  Prospect,  now  Searsport,  Maine. 
In  1841  he  was  (dected  state  senator  from 
?»Iaiiie;  in  1842  was  aide  to  tlie  governor, 
with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  and 
was  re-elected  to  the  Si-nate  the  same  year. 
In  1847-49  and  1851-53  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  .Maine  to  the  thirtieth  and  thirty- 
seeond  congresses.  In  1853-58  he  was  col- 
lector of  customs  at  Belfast,  Maine.  In 
1854  he  established  the  l\Iaine  Free  Press, 
and  was  its  editor  for  three  years;  and  in 
1858  was  again  elected  to  the  legislator, 
lie  died   in   B(dfast,  "Maine. 

Smart,  George  Thomas,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sejjt.  21,  1863,  in  England. 
In  1888  he  was  ordained  to  tlie  congre- 
gational ministry;  and  since  1902  has  filled 
a  |iastorate  in  Newton  Highlands,  Mass. 
Since  1895  he  has  lectured  on  English  his- 
tory, philosophy  and  art.  He  is  the  author 
of   Studies   in   Conduct. 


230 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Smart,  James  Henry,  educator,  author, 
college  president,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1841, 
in  Center  Harbor,  N.H.  For  thirty  years 
he  has  been  a  member  of  the  state  board 
of  education  of  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. ;  was 
thrice  elected  state  superintendent  of  pub- 
lic instruction;  and  became  president  of 
Purdue  university  in  1883.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Indiana  Schools  and  the  Men 
Avho  Work  in  Them;  a  History  of  Insti- 
tutes in  the  United  States;  An  Ideal 
School  System  for  a  State;  The  Institute 
System  for  the  United  States;  Commentary 
on  the  School  Laws  of  Indiana;  and  Books 
and  Reading  for  the  Young.  He  died  Feb. 
21.    1000.   in   Lafayette,  Ind. 

Smart,  James  S.,  soldier,  journalist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  14,  1842,  in  Bal- 
timore, Md.  In  1865  he  took  charge  of  the 
Washington  County  Post,  published  at 
Cambridge,  N.Y.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  NcAv  York  to  the  forty- 
third  congress  as  a  republican. 

Smart,  Richard  Addison,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  18,  1872,  in  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.  He  is  connected  as  mechanical 
engineer  with  the  B.  F.  Stutevant  company 
of  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of 
Handbook  of  Engineering  Laboratory  Prac- 
tice. 

Smead,  Isaac  David,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  July  31,  1849,  in  Coleraine, 
Mass.  He  received  his  education  in  the  dis- 
trict schools.  In  1867  he  commenced  the 
manufacture  of  heating  and  ventilating  ap- 
paratus in  Toledo,  Ohio;  and  became  presi- 
dent and  superintendent  of  the  Smead  fur- 
nace and  foundry  company.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Ohio 
penitentiary  for  nine  years,  and  was  reap- 
pointed to  that  position  for  five  years.  He 
was  commissioner  of  mechanics  and  ma- 
chinery for  the  Ohio  centennial  exposition; 
and  served  as  colonel  on  the  staff  of  Gov- 
ernor J.  B.  Foraker. 

Smead,  Wesley,  physician,  philanthropist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1800,  in  West- 
cliestor  county,  N.Y.  In  1850  he  founded 
the  Widows'  home  in  Cincinnati,  to  which 
he  gave  thirty-seven  thousand  dollars; 
and  gave  liberally  to  every  public  charity 
that  came  to  his  notice.  Besides  essays  on 
banking,  he  was  the  author  of  Guide  to 
Wealth,  or  Pathway  to  Health,  Peace  and 
Competence.  He  died  Jan.  6,  1871,  in 
Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 

Smedes,  Mrs.  Susan  Dabney,  author,  was 
born  Au--.  10,  1840.  in  Raymond,  Miss.  She 
is  the  author  of  Memorials  of  a  Southern 
Planter. 

Smedley,  Samuel  Lightfoot,  civil  engi- 
Ticcr,  author,  was  born  Dec.  20.  1832,  in 
Kdgniont.  Pa.  In  1856  he  plotted  a  district 
of  West  I'liiladelphia  into  streets;  and  soon 
after  jmblishcd  the  first  complete  atlas  of 
riiiladelphia,  which  became  the  standard 
authority  for  many  years.  He  was  chief 
engineer    and    surveyor   of   Philadelphia    for 


over  twenty  years.  He  died  July  21,  1894, 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Smedley,  William  Thomas,  illustrator, 
artist,  was  born  March  26,  1858,  in  Chester 
county,  Pa.  He  became  an  associate  mem- 
ber of  the  National  academy  of  design; 
and  is  now  an  academician.  In  1882  he  was 
engaged  by  the  publishers  of  Picturesque 
Canada  to  travel  with  Marquis  of  Lome 
through  west  and  northwest  Canada  and 
illustrate  the  work.  He  has  since  made 
several  sketching  tours  in  the  United 
States;  and  in  1890  around  the  world.  His 
principal  productions  are  An  Indiscreet 
Question;  A  Thanksgiving  Dinner;  and  A 
Summer  Occupation. 

Smelt,  Dennis,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Georgia.  In  1805-11  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Georgia  to  the  ninth,  tenth  and 
eleventh  congresses.    He  died  in  Georgia. 

Smet,  Peter  John  De,  missionary,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  31,  1801,  in  Belgium.  He 
was  the  author  of  Oregon  Missions  and 
Travels;  Western  Missions  and  Mission- 
aries; and  the  New  Indian  Sketches.  He 
died  Aug.   1,  1838,  in  Newton,  Conn. 

Smiley,  Albert  Keith,  educator,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  March  17,  1828,  in  Vas- 
salborougli,  Maine.  For  twenty  years  he 
was  principal  of  a  successful  boarding- 
school  in  Providence,  R.I.  He  then  pur- 
chased, with  his  brother,  a  large  property 
in  Ulster  county,  N.Y.,  and  established  a 
unique  hotel  at  Lake  Mohonk  in  which 
tliere  is  no  wine,  no  cards,  and  no  dancing 
permitted;  his  twin-brother,  Alfred,  hav- 
ing a  similar  hotel,  known  as  the  Minne- 
waska,  the  two  estates  comprising  seven 
thousand  acres.  For  seventeen  years  the 
Lake  Mohonk  annual  Indian  conference  has 
been  hospitably  entertained  there;  and  the 
many  members  of  the  arbitration  confer- 
ence at  their  five  annual  meetings  have  al- 
so been  his  guests.  His  winter  residence 
is  near  Redlands,  Cal.,  where  he  has  a 
large  estate;  and  he  recently  presented  a 
handsome  park  and  substantial  library 
building  to  Redlands  at  a  cost  of  sixty 
thousand  dollars. 

Smiley,  Elmer  Ellsworth,  educator,  cler- 
gynum,  college  president,  was  born  Aug. 
6,'  1862,  in  Syracuse,  N.Y.  In  1891-94  he 
was  pastor  of  the  Pilgrim  church  at  Van- 
couver, Wash.;  and  in  1894-98  was  pastor 
cf  the  first  congregational  church  of  Chey- 
enne, Wyo.  In  1808-1903  he  was  president 
of  the  university  of  Wyoming;  and  since 
1903  has  been  pastor  of  the  congregational 
church  at  Groton,  N.Y. 

Smiley,  Francis  Edward,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  11,  1858,  in  Philadel- 
pliia,  Pa.  In  1803-1001  he  was  pastor  of  the 
twenty-third  avenue  church  of  Denver,  Col.; 
and  since  1001  has  been  an  evangelist.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Evangelization  of  a 
Great  City:  and  The  Inquirer's  Guide  for 
a   llajipy   Christian   Life. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


231 


Smiley,  Sarah  Frances,  writer,  founder, 
autlior,  was  born  Marcli  30,  1830,  in  Vas- 
salborougb,  Maine.  She  is  a  biblical  schol- 
ar; and  founder  and  director  of  the  Society 
for  the  home  study  of  the  holy  scripture 
and  church  history.  She  is  the  author  of 
Garden  Graith;  and  Fullness  of  Blessing. 

Smilie,  John,  state  legislator,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1741,  in  Ireland.  He  served  in 
the  legislature  of  Pennsylvania,  liis  adopted 
state.  In  1703-95  and  1799-1813  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
tliinl  and  the  sixth  to  twelfth  congresses. 
In  1797  he  was  a  presidential  elector.  He 
died  Dec.  30.   IS  13.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Smillie,  George  Henry,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Dec.  20,  1840,  in  New  York  City.  He 
was    elected    an    associate    of    the    national 

academy  of  design  in 

_ •        1864;   an  academician 

in  1882;  and  in  1892- 
1902  was  recording 
secretary.  He  is  a 
member  and  for  four 
years  was  treasurer 
of  the  American 
Avater  color  society. 
Among  his  works  in 
oil  are  A  Lake  in  the 
Woods;  A  Florida  La- 
goon; A  Goat  Pas- 
ture; Merrimack  Riv- 
er; On  the  Massachusetts  Coast;  and  Sura- 
nier  Morning  on  Long  Island. 

Smillie,  James,  engraver  artist,  was  born 
Nov.  23,   1807,  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  and 
came  to  America  in   1821.     In  1851  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  National  academy. 
Among  liis  most  noted  works  are  The  Voy- 
age of  Life;  Dream  of  Arcadia;  Harvesting; 
Mount  Washington;   and  Rocky  Mountains. 
He  died  Dec.  4,  1885,  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
Smillie,  James  David,  landscape  painter, 
etclier,  was  born  .Jan.  IG,  1833,  in  New  York 
City.     He   received   an    academic   education 
ill   tlie   New   York  university;    and   studied 
art    under    his    fatlier    and    at    the    schools 
in    tlie    National    academy    of    design.      He 
made    a     reputation     as    a     landscape    en- 
graver before  becoming  a  painter.     In   1865 
he   was  an   associate;    and   in    1876  became 
aoadeiniciari  of  the  National  academj'  of  de- 
fiigii;     and     in     1804-99    was     its    treasurer. 
In    1866    lie    was   one    of   the   founders;    in 
1867-71    was   treasurer   and   in    1871-77    was 
lin-sideiit   of   tlie   American   water  color  so- 
eii'ty.      He    was    also    a    founch-r,    secretary 
and  later  presid«'nt  of  tlie  New  York  etch- 
ing   club.      He    was    one    of    the    original 
members   of   the    Painter-etching   society   of 
London.  England.     Hi-  lias  written  concern- 
ing etching  for  iit-riodicais.     lie  dierl  in  1909. 
Smillie,  Mrs.  Nellie  Sheldon  Jacobs,  paint- 
er, artist,  was  born   Sept.   14,   1854,  in  New 
York.      Her    works    include    Grandmother's 
Old    Love    Letters;    When    the    Dew    is    on 
th.   Grass:  Priscilla;  Forgotten  Strain;  and 
Family   Choir. 


Smillie,  William  Gumming,  engraver, 
founder,  was  born  Sept.  23,  1813,  in  Edin- 
burgh. He  devoted  himself  to  banknote 
engraving;  and  was  connected  with  sev- 
eral firms  which  were  ultimately  merged 
in  the  American  bank  note  company.  He 
was  the  originator  of  British-American  bank 
note  company,  and  its  first  president.  He 
died   in  New   York  City. 

Smiser,  Butler  S.,  educator,  journalist, 
autlior,  poet,  was  born  July  6,  1862,  in 
Oldham    county,   Ky.      He    graduated   from 

the    West    Kentucky 


I 


•  •v«^ 


it 


college;  and  for  three 
years  taught  school  in 
his  native  state.  He 
was  district  trustee 
of  the  school  in  Choc- 
taw nation,  Indian 
Territory;  was  also 
county  clerk  for  three 
years;  in  1898  was 
appointed  Choctaw 
townsite  commission- 
er; and  served  in 
that  position  for 
seven  years.  In  1889  he  established  the 
Indian  Citizen  of  Itoka,  I.T.,  of  which  he 
was  editor  and  proprietor  until  1905.  He 
Mas  prominently  identified  with  the  busi- 
ness and  public  affairs  of  Indian  Terri- 
tory; has  held  numerous  positions  of  trust 
and  honor;    and  resides  in  Atoka,  Okla. 

Smith,  A.  Herr,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  ^larch  7,  1815,  in  Lancaster  county. 
Pa.  In  1843-44  he  was  a  member  of  the 
iiouse  of  representatives  of  Pennsylvania; 
and  in  1845  was  elected  to  the  state  sen- 
ate. In  1873-85  he  was  a  representative  from 
I'ennsylvunia  to  Lhe  forty-third,  forty-fourth, 
forty-fifth,  forty-sixtli,  forty-seventh  and 
forty-eighth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died  Feb.  16,  1894,  in  Lancaster,  Pa, 

Abner,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
1843,  in  Orange,  jSIass.  He  is  a 
the  circuit  court  of  Cook  coun- 
ty, 111.,  and  a  man 
whose  high  attain- 
ments have  placed 
Jiim  in  the  front  rank 
of  the  representa- 
tives of  the  legal 
])rofession.  His  an- 
cestors on  both  sides 
of  the  liouse  figure 
prominently  in  the 
early  history  of  this 
country.  On  grad- 
uating from  Middle- 
bury  college  in  1866 
became  principal  of  Newton  academy 
\'eniiont.  but  resigned  in  1868,  when  he 
lime  to  Chicago  to  take  up  the  study  of 
is  chosen  profession.  He  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1868  at  Chicago,  where  he 
still  resides,  and  has  a  large  practice  in 
the  stat<'  an<l  sujireiiie  courts.  In  1903-06 
he   was  judge  of   the   circuit   court. 


Smith, 
Aug.   4, 
judge   of 


he 
of 
( 
I 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Smith,  Abram  D.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1853- 
59  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Wisconsin. 

Smith,  Addison  T.,  congressman,  was  born 
near  Cambridge,  Ohio.  In  1913-15  he  was 
a  representative  from  Idaho  to  the  sixty- 
lliird  congress. 

Smith,  Alan  Penneman,  physician,  sur- 
geon. \i'as  born  Fel).  3,  1840,  in  Baltimore, 
Aid.  He  is  connected  with  nearly  all  the 
lio»pitals  of  Baltimore  as  consulting  phy- 
sician or  surgeon ;  and  has  performed  the 
operation  of  lilhotoniy  more  than  one  hun- 
dred times,  successfully  in  every  instance. 
He  died  .July  18,   1898,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Smith,  Albert,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
l)()ni  -Jan.  3,  1793,  in  Hanover,  Mass.  He 
was  sent  to  the  general  court  of  ^Massachu- 
setts  in  1820.  In  1830-38  he  was  marshal 
of  the  United  )States  for  Maine.  In  1839- 
41  he  was  a  representative  from  Maine  to 
the  twenty-si.xth  congress;  and  in  1842-47 
was  L'nited  States  commissioner  to  settle 
tile  northeastern  boundary,  under  tiie  Ash- 
burton  treaty.  He  died  May  29,  1867,  in 
I'uston,  ^lass. 

Smith,  Albert,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Batavia,  N.Y.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  assembly  from 
Genesee  county  in  1842;  and  in  1843-47 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  twenty-eighth  and  twenty-ninth  con- 
gresses.    He   died   in   (ienesee  county,   N.Y. 

Smith,  Albert  Edwin,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Dec.  16, 
IStiO,  in  New  Richmond,  Ohio.  In  1887 
he  was  ordained  to  the  methodist  episcopal 
ministry;  and  has  filled  several  pastorates 
in  Ohio.  Since  1905  he  has  been  president 
of  the  Ohio  northern  university  at  Ada. 

Smith,  Albert  Holmes,  physician,  sur- 
geon, aullior,  was  born  July  19,  1835,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1859  he  began  the 
practice  of  medicine;  and  later  was  at- 
tending physician  to  several  Philadelphia 
liospitals.  In  1876  he  was  a  delegate  to  the 
international  congress.  He  edited  Ellis's 
Medical  lormulary.  He  died  Dec.  16,  1885, 
in    Pliil;idel|)l!ia.  Pa. 

Smith,  Albert  William,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  30,  1850,  in  Westmoreland, 
N.Y.  In  1892-1904  he  was  professor  of 
niecliau'eal  engineering  at  the  Leland  Stan- 
ti)i;i  university  of  California.  Since  1904 
be  lias  been  director  of  the  Sibley  college 
in  (  orn:'ll  university  of  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He 
is  the  author  of  Elementary  Machines  De- 
s  gn ;    and    Materials   of    ]\1achines. 

Smith,  Albert  William,  educator,  scientist, 
was  born  Oct.  4.  18(i2,  in  Newark,  Ohio.  He 
is  a  ])rominent  educator  of  Ohio;  and  is  a 
member  of  the  American  chemical  society; 
and  a  member  of  the  American  institution 
of  mining  engineers.  He  is  a  fellow  of  the 
American  association  for  the  advancement 
of  sciences.  He  is  professor  of  metallurgy 
and  analytical  chemistry  in  the  Case  school 
of   applied   science  of  Cleveland,   Ohio.     He 


to    General    Inorganic    Chem- 


lias    contributed    technical    papers    to    cur- 
rent scientific  publications. 

Smith,  Alexander,  educator,  chemist,  au- 
tiid]-,  was  born  Sept.  11,  1865,  in  Edinburgh, 
Scotland.     He   has  received   the   degrees   of 

B.Se.  from  Edinburgh 
and  Ph.D.  from  the 
university  of  Munich. 
In  1889^-90  he  was 
professor  of  chemistry 
at  the  university  of 
Edinburgh ;  and  in 
1890-94  was  profes- 
sor of  chemistry  and 
mineralog}'  at  Wa- 
bash college.  Since 
1894  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  chemistry 
and  director  of  physi- 
cal and  general  chemistry  in  the  university 
of  Cliicago.  Ho  is  the  author  of  Labora- 
tory Outline  of  General  Chemistry;  The 
Teaeliing  of  Chemistry  and  Physics;  and 
Introduction 
try. 

Smith,  Alexander  Coke,  educator,  clergy- 
n:an.  bishop,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1849,  in 
Sumter  county,  S.C.  In  1886-92  he  was  a 
l)rofessor  of  \^'ofl'ord  college  and  Vander- 
I)iit  university.  In  1892  he  returned  to  the 
ministry  of  the  methodist  church;  and  in 
1902  wiis  elected  bishop.  He  died  Dec.  28, 
1906,   in   Asheville,  N.C. 

Smith,  Alfred  Baker,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
boiii  Nov.  17,  1825,  in  Massena,  N.Y.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  was  a  major  in  the 
one  hundred  and  fiftieth  regiment  New  York 
volunteer  infantry;  was  promoted  to  lieu- 
tenant-colonel and  colonel  of  same;  and 
brevetted  brigadier-general  by  President 
Lincoln  for  gallant  and  meritorious  serv- 
ices in  Georgia  and  the  Carolina?.  He 
took  part  with  his  regiment  in  (Gettysburg, 
and  on  every  march  and  fight  it  was  in; 
and  commanded  tiie  regiment  on  its  march 
to  the  sea.  He  became  one  of  the  leading 
lawyers  of  the  east  at  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. ; 
was  its  postmaster  for  eight  years;  and  for 
thirty-eight  vears  a  member  of  the  board  of 
education.  ^  He  died  Jan.  28,  1896,  in 
Pougld-ceepsie,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Alice  Prescott,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  Wisconsin.  She  is  a 
novelist  of  California.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Legatee;   and  OIT  the  Highwaj'. 

Smith,  AUcock  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  He  moved  to  Washing- 
ton territory,  from  which  he  was  appoint- 
ed a  justice  of  the  United  States  court  for 
the   territory  of  Idaho.     He   died   in   Idaho. 

Smith,  Allen,  soldier,  was  born  April  21, 
1849.  in  Fort  Marion,  Fla.  In  1866  he  was 
a]i]ioint('d  second  lieutenant  in  the  ITnited 
States  infantry;  and  in  1902  attained  the 
rank  of  colonel  in  the  sixth  cavalry.  In 
1905  he  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general in  the  United  States  army. 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


233 


Smith,  Allen  John,  physician,  pathologist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  3.  1863,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1891-1903  he  was  professor  of 
pathology  at  the  university  of  Texas ;  and  is 
now  professor  of  the  university  of  Chicago. 
He  is  the  author  of  Lessons  and  Laboratory 
Exercises   in    Bacteriology. 

Smith,  Andrew  J.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Sept.  2,  1818.  in  ChilHcothe,  Ohio.  In 
1875-76  he  was  attorney  general  of  Michi- 
gan ;  in  1878-87  he  was  judge  of  the  second 
circuit.      He  died   in   Cassopolis,   Mich. 

Smith,  Andrew  Jackson,  soldier,  was  born 
April  28,  1815,  in  Bucks  county.  Pa.  In 
1838  he  graduated  from  West  Point ;  served 
in  the  ^Mexican  and  civil  wars  ;  and  attained 
the  brevet  of  major-general  in  the  United 
States  army.  He  died  Jan.  30,  1897,  in  St. 
Louis.   ^lo. 

Smith,  Andrew  Robinson  Giddinge,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  state  senator,  was  born  in 
May.  1841,  in  Bridgton,  Maine.  He  entered 
military  service  as  ho.spital  steward;  was 
promoted  assistant:  surgeon  :  .ind  has  since 
been  United  States  examining  surgeon  in 
Whitefield.  Maine.  He  has  represented  his 
town  in  the  state  legislature ;  and  his  dis- 
trict in  the  state  senate  for  two  sessions. 

Smith,  Andrew  Thomas,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1862,  in 
.Teflfersonville,  Pa.  He  was  educated  at  the 
West  Chester  state  normal  school  of  Penn- 
sylvania; attended  tlie  New  York  univer- 
sity ;  and  was  a  special  student  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania ;  and  has  received 
the  degrees  of  A.M.  and  Pii.D.  He  has 
been  princii);ii  of  tlie  soldiers'  orplinn  school 
of  Ciicster  Springs,  Pa.  ;  and  professor  of 
pedagogy  and  vice-principal  at  the  West 
Chester  state  normal  school  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  is  now  jirincipal  of  the  Mansfield  state 
norma!  school  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  a 
not"d  institute  lecturer  and  writer  on  Peda- 
gogy. He  is  the  author  of  Systematic  Meth- 
odoldtry. 

Smith,  Angas,  merchant,  pioneer,  was 
born  Dec.  16.  1822,  in  St.  Clair  county, 
Midi.  In  1841  he  ber-ame  superintendent 
of  a  iund)er  yard  at  Sandtisky,  Ohio.  In 
1849  lie  became  a  commission  niercliaut.  In 
1858  he  erected  tlie  first  elevator  in  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.  He  died  Nov.  28,  1830,  in 
Stninff'iri!.  T'onn. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Annie  E.,  telegraph  operator, 
was  boin  in  1827.  On  M;iy  24.  1844.  slie  sent 
the  (irst  lejeirraiiliic  messau'e  in  tiio  ITnited 
State.s  from  Washington  to  Baltimore.  The 
first  w(irds  were  What  hatii  Cod  wrought? 
Siie  died   .Tan.   21.   1900.   in   New   York  City. 

Smith,  Archibald  Gary,  naval  architect, 
\va.''  Ijorn  Sept.  4.  1837,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1871  ill-  designed  for  Robert  Centre  of 
New  York  City  the  cutler  Viiidex.  wliicli 
was  ;he  first  iron  yaclit  that  was  built  in 
Cliester,  Pa.  His  success  in  this  business 
induced  liim  to  abandon  painting;  and  be 
has  since  devoted  himself  to  designing  and 
allerinu;  yachts  of  all  kinds,  among  whicli 
are  the  schooners  Intrepid,  Fortuna,  Norma. 


Harbinger.  Carlotta.  Iroquois,  Oriole. 
Dream,  Whim,  the  sloops  ^lischief,  Rover, 
Kestrel,  I'riscilla,  Cinderella,  Banshee,  Kat- 
rina  and  Meteor. 

Smith,  Arthur,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  Nov.  15,  1785,  in  Isle  of 
WiuJit  county,  Va.  He  served  with  credit 
at  tlie  head  of  a  militia  force  at  Norfolk  in 
1812;  was  a  member  of  the  privy  council 
of  ^'irginia  ;  and  subsequently  a  member  of 
the  state  legislature.  In  1821-25  lie  was  a 
representative  to  the  sevcuteenth  and  eight- 
eenth congresses.  He  died  March  30.  1853, 
ill   A'irginia. 

Smith,  Arthur  Arnold,  soldier,  was  born 
inOliio.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant-colonel 
ill  Mie  eighty-third  regiment  Illinois  infan- 
try: ami  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
i:eiieral  of  N'oluntecrs.  He  died  Sept.  21. 
1900. 

Smith,  Arthur  Cosslett,  law^yer,  author, 
was  born  in  1852  in  Lyons,  N.Y.  Since 
1875  he  has  practiced  law  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 
Ilo  is  the  author  of  The  Monk  and  the 
Dancer;    and   The   Turquoise   Cup. 

Smith,  Arthur  Donaldson,  explorer,  au- 
tli.nr.  was  born  in  1864  in  Pennsylvania.  He 
is  ^Mi  African  explorer.  He  is  the  author 
of  Through  Unknown  African  Countries. 

Smith,  Arthur  E.,  business  man,  poet, 
was  born  .Tune  15.  1866,  in  Granville,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Troy  conference 
academy  of  Poultiiey,  Vt.  He  is  a  success- 
ful inerchaiit  of  Stnteville,  N.Y.  He  is  lh(> 
aiiilior  of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  Rural 
I.,ei;ends  and   Tjyrics. 

Smith,  Arthur  Henderson,  clergymaTi, 
niissionaiy,  author,  was  born  .Tuly  18.  1845. 
In  1867  he  graduated 
from  Beloit  college, 
where  he  subsequently 
received  the  degree  of 
A.M.  He  also  re- 
ceived the  honorary 
degree  of  LL.D.  from 
Whitman  college.  In 
1872  he  went  t  o 
China  :  in  1872-80  was 
located  at  Tientsin  ; 
and  in  1880  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  P'aiig 
Cliuang  station.  In 
1886-87  was  first  act- 
iiiL'  pastor  of  the  First  congregational  cluircli 
of  Pasadena.  Cal.  In  1900  he  was  in  the 
siege  in  Peking;  in  1901  was  acting  pastor 
of  the  Union  church  at  Tientsin,  f'bina  ;  and 
since  1906  has  been  missionary-al-large  of 
llie  .\iiierican  board  of  commissioners  for 
foreign  missions.  In  1907  was  chairman  of 
the  China  ceiilenary  conference.  He  is  tiie 
author  of  Pioxerbs  and  Commtni  Sayings  of 
Chinese;  Chinese  Ciiaracteristics ;  X'illage 
Life  in  China;  China  in  Convulsions;  R(>x 
Christus;  An  Outline  Study  of  China;  The 
Uplifiiiig  of  China  :  aiiil  .\merica  and  Uhiiia. 
Smith,  Asa  Dodge^  clergyman,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Sept.  21,  1804, 
in    Amherst,    N.II.      He    was    president    of 


in    Vernon.    Conn. 


234 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Dartmouth  college  in  1863-77.     He  was  the  ^ 
author  of  several  addresses  and  sermons.  He 
died  Aug.  16,  1877,   in   Hanover.   N.H. 

Smith,  Ashbel,  soldier,  physician,  state 
legislator,  diplomat,  author,  was  born  Aug. 
13,  1805,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In  1836  he 
removed  to  Texas ;  and  was  appointed  sur- 
geon-general of  the  new  republic.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  legislature  for  many  years, 
and  served  throughout  the  Mexican  war.  He 
was  the  author  of  Account  of  the  Geography 
of  Texas ;  and  Permanent  Identity  of  the 
Human  Race.  He  died  Jan.  21,  1886,  in 
Harris  county,  Texas. 

Smith,  Ashley  Auburn,  clergyman,  author, 
poet,  was  born  May  28.  1871,  in  Auburn, 
Maine.  He  fills  a  pastorate  in  Gloucester, 
Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  a  volume  entitle<l 
Noble  Thoughts   for  Noble  Living. 

Smith,  Augustus,  civil  engineer,  director, 
was  born  July  30,  1868,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1887  he  graduated  with  the  degree  ot 
A.B.  from  the  college  of  the  City  of  New 
York  ;  and  received  the  degree  of  C.E.  from 
Columbia  university  school  of  mines.  He 
constructed  the  recreation  piers  on  the 
North  river  of  New  York  City;  and  is  pres- 
ident of  the  Bergen  Point  iron  works. 

Smith,  Augustus  Ledyard,  business  man. 
legislator,  was  born  April  5,  1833,  in  Middle- 
town,  Conn.  He  graduated  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Middk'- 
town ;  and  subse- 
quently took  a  posi- 
tion as  tutor  in  the 
university  of  Wiscon- 
sin at  Madison.  In 
1856  he  became  con- 
nected with  the  office 
of  school  lands  in  Wis- 
consin; and  with  the 
Fox  and  Wisconsin 
Improvement  c  o  m- 
pany,  and  became  its 
secretary  and  treas- 
In  1861  he  accepted  the  professor- 
ship in  the  United  States  naval  academy 
of  Annapolis;  and  was  subsequently  as- 
signed to  duty  on  the  steam  frigate  Consti- 
tution. After  the  civil  war  he  resumed 
his  duties  with  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin  Im- 
provement company,  which  was  subsequent- 
ly merged  into  the  Green  Bay  and  Missis- 
i-ippi  canal  company;  and  was  continuously 
with  that  company  until  1872.  In  1870  he 
organized  the  First  national  bank  of  Ap- 
l)lcton,  and  was  its  president  for  more 
than  twenty  years.  In  1881  he  was  the 
leading  spirit  of  the  Appleton  Edison  light 
company;  and  in  1804  was  elected  vice- 
))resident  of  the  National  association  of  the; 
Mdison  illuminating  companies.  In  1SG6-67 
he  served  as  state  senator  in  the  Wiscon- 
sin legislature;  and  in  1870  was  elected 
mayor  of  Appleton.  He  took  a  leading 
part  in  the  reorganization  of  the  State 
university;  and  was  regent  for  six  suc- 
cessive   years.      In     1884    he    received    the 


urer. 


nomination  to  congress;  and  was  president 
of  the  Wisconsin  board  of  World's  Fair 
managers  in  1891.  He  died  in  1902,  in  Ap- 
pleton, Wis. 

Smith,  Augustus  WilUam,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  12,  1802,  in  Newport, 
N.Y.  He  was  professor  of  mathematics 
at  Wesleyan  university  in  1831-51;  and 
president_of  that  institution  in  1851-57.  In 
1857-66  he  was  professor  of  mathematics 
in  tlie  United  States  naval  academy  at 
Annapolis,  Md.  He  was  the  author  of 
Elementary  Treatise  on  Mechanics.  He  died 
March  22,  1866,  in  Annapolis,  Md. 

Smith,  Azariah,  missionary,  was  born  in 
Manlius,  N.Y.,  Feb.  16,  1817.  In  1842  he 
nnbarked  for  western  Asia  as  a  mission- 
ary; and  settled  at  Aintab  in  1848,  and 
taught  and  preached  there  until  his  death. 
He  died  June  3,  1851,  in  Asia  Minor, 

Smith,  B.  Holly,  physician,  dentist,  was 
born  jNlarch  12,  1858,  in  Piscataway,  Md. 
He  was  demonstrator  of  operative  dentis- 
try at  the  Baltimore  college  of  Maryland. 
He  was  the  first  president  of  the  Mary- 
land  state  dentist   association. 

Smith,  Ballard,  congressman.  In  1815-21 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  fourteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  con- 
gresses.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

Smith,  Benjamin,  state  legislator,  govern- 
or, philanthropist,  was  born  in  1750,  in 
Brunswick  county,  N.C.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  North  Carolina  state  legislature 
in  1792;  was  a  general  of  militia;  and  was 
the  ninth  governor  of  North  Carolina  in 
1810-11.  His  life  was  one  of  many  difficul- 
ties; was  engaged  in  many  duels;  but  is 
kindly  remembered  because  of  his  donation 
of  twenty  thousand  acres  of  land  to  the 
state  university  in  1789.  He  died  Feb.  10, 
1829,   in   Smithville,  N.C. 

Smith,  Benjamin  Bosworth,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  June  13,  1794,  in  Bristol, 
R.I.  In  1832  he  became  a  protestant  epis- 
copal bishop  of  the  diocese  of  Kentucky. 
His  earliest  work  in  the  ministry  was  in 
Marblehcad,  Charlestown  and  Shepherds- 
town.  He  died  May  31,  1884,  in  New  York 
City. 

Smith,  Benjamin  Dayton,  laAvyer,  public 
official,  was  born  May  27,  1860,  in  Vernon 
Center,  Minn.  He  was  educated  in  the 
jiublic  schools  of  his  native  state;  and  at 
the  Minnesota  state  normal  school  at  Man- 
kato.  He  has  attained  success  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  and  for  four  years  was  coun- 
ty attorney  for  Blue  Earth  county,  Minn. 
For  eight  years  he  Avas  a  member  of  the 
board  of  directors  of  the  Modern  wood- 
men of  America.  Since  1903  he  has  been 
the  general  attorney  of  the  Jlodern  wood- 
men of  America;  and  also  chairman  of  the 
beneficiary  committee  of  the  Royal  neigh- 
bors of  America. 

Smith,  Benjamin  Eli,  educator,  editor, 
was  born  Feb.  7,  1857,  in  Syria.  He  was 
managing  editor  of  the  Century  Dictionary; 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


235 


editor  of  the  Century  Cyclopedia  of  Names; 
editor  of  the  Century  Atlas;  and  other 
works. 

Smith,  Benjamin  Franklin,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  .Jt-rsey.  In  1853  he  graduated 
from  tlie  United  States  military  academy. 
In  1853  lie  was  second  lieutenant  in  tlie 
first  regiment  New  Jersey  infantry;  and 
in  1805  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died  .Time  21,  LStkS. 

Smith,  Benjamin  Mosby,  clergyman,  the- 
clogian,  was  born  June  30,  1811,  in  Pow- 
liatan  county,  Va.  In  1854  he  was  ap- 
pointed to  tlie  chair  of  oriental  and  bibli- 
cal literature  in  the  Union  seminary,  wliicli 
office  he  still  holds.  In  1858-74  he  was 
pastor  of  the  Hampden-Sidney  college 
churcli ;  and  he  Avas  moderator  of  the  gen- 
eral assembly  of  the  presbytcrian  church 
in    187(5.      He    diei^  in    Richmond,   Va. 

Smith,  Benjamin  Wilson,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, state  legislator,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  10,  1830,  in  Clarksburg,  Va.  He  was 
president  of  the  Valparaiso  male  and  fe- 
male college;  is  senior  member  of  a  school 
supply  firm  of  La  Fayette,  Ind. ;  has  served 
as  a  member  of  the  Indiana  state  legisla- 
ture for  four  terms;  and  was  postmaster 
of  Lafayette  in  1890-94.  He  is  the  author 
of    several    works. 

Smith,  Bernard,  congressman,  was  born 
ill  177ti,  ill  Mnnistown,  N.J.  He  was  sent 
as  a  special  bearer  of  dispatches  to  Europe; 
and  was  subsequently  collector  and  post- 
master at  New  Bnmswick.  In  1819-21  he 
was  a  rejiresentative  from  N(;w  Jersey  to 
the  sixteenth  congress;  and  in  1821-35  was 
register  of  the  land  office  in  Arkansas. 
He  (lied  July  H).  18.'!5.  in  Little  Rock.  Ark. 
Smith,  Boardman  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  18,  1826.  in  Whit- 
iiigiiam,  Yt.  He  settled  in  New  York; 
became  judge  of  the  Chemung  county  courts 
in  1859.  He  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  forty-second  and  forty- 
tliinl    coii^rresses. 

Smith,  Caleb  Blood,  journalist,  congress- 
man, jurist,  cabinet  officer,  was  born  April 
It).  1808.  in  I'.osloii.  Mass.  In  18.32  he  es- 
tablished and  edited 
a  whig  journal  called 
the  Indiana  Sentinel. 
He  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  i  n 
1833-3(1.  In  1843-49 
he  was  a  representa- 
live  from  Indiana  to 
t  h  e  twenty-eighth, 
t went y-iiiiith  and  thir- 
tii'tli  congresses;  and 
was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1840  and 
l'^5(!.  After  leaving 
was  appointed  one  of 
board  for  investigating 
the  claims  of  American  citizens  against 
Mexico:  and  siihscf|ueiif ly  juacticed  liis  pro- 
fession in  (incinnati,  Ojiio.  In  18(il-(i:!  he 
was   secretaiy   of   the   interior.      He   was    a 


etingress    in    1849    lu 
tlie  memhiTs  of  the 


member  of  the  peace  congress  held  in  Wash- 
ington in  1801;  and  in  1802  was  appointed 
district  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  for  the  district  of  Indiana.  He  died 
dan.   8.    1804,   in   Indianapolis,   Ind. 

Smith,  Buckingham,  lawyer  diplomat,  an- 
ti(iuariaii,  author,  was  born  Oct.  31,  1810, 
in  Cumberland  Island,  Ga.  He  was  a 
Spanish-American  scholar  and  antiquary  of 
note;  twice  secretary  of  the  United  States 
legation  at  Mexico;  and  after  1859  a  lawyer 
ill  Florida.  He  was  the  author  of  Gram- 
matical Sketch  of  the  Heve  Language; 
(hanimar  of  the  Pima,  or  Nevome;  and 
Narratives  of  the  Career  of  Hernando  de 
Soto  in  the  Conquest  of  Florida.  He  died 
dan.   5,   1871,   in  New   Y'ork  City. 

Smith,  Calvin,  soldier,  Mas  born  in  Massa- 
chusetts. In  1775-7  7  he  served  in  the  revo- 
lutionary war;  and  in  1783  was  brevetted 
Inigadier-general. 

Smith,  Carl,  journalist,  poet.  He  was  on 
tlie  staff  of  the  Chicago  Record.  He  was' 
the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled 
Where  the  Sun  Goes  Down.  He  was  drowned 
in    September,    1898. 

Smith,  Carlos  Green,  educator,  college 
lirisidiMit,  was  born  Dec.  18,  1813,  in  Lex- 
ington, Ga.  In  1847-59  he  had  charge  of 
llie  (ireei.e  academy  of  Huntsville,  Ala. 
In  1859-01  he  conducted  a  private  school 
near  Court  land,  Ala.  In  1874-78  he  was 
Itivsident  of  the  universitv  of  Alabama. 
l!e  die!  Oct.   14.   1892.  in  Palatka,  Fla. 

Smith,  Carroll  Earll,  journalist,  state 
!■  g^shitiir.  was  born  Dec.  25.  1832,  in  Syra- 
cuse. N.Y.  He  was  associate  editor  on  the 
stair  of  the  Syracuse  Chronicle;  and  since 
ISOi)  Las  edited  the  Syracuse  Journal.  In 
1888  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork 
slate  legislature;  and  in  1889-93  was  post- 
master of  Syracuse,  N.Y.  For  thirty  years 
he  was  ;i  director  and  president  of  the  Onon- 
ilaya  historical  association;  and  for  six 
years  was  pres'dent  of  the  state  associated 
jtress  of  New  York. 

Smith,  Charles,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
wa^  born  .March  4.  1705,  in  Philadelphia, 
I'a.  lie  liecaine  president  judge  in  1819  of 
the  judi(  ial  district  edinposed  of  the  coun- 
lies  of  C'liinbiTlaiid,  Franklin  and  Adams; 
and  ill  1820  of  the  newly  formed  district 
court  of  Lancaster  city  and  coinity.  His 
later  life  was  spent  in  Philadelphia.  lie 
was  aj'pointed  by  the  legislature  in  1810  to 
revise  the  laws  of  the  slate,  and  to  frame 
a  cnmpilatiop  of  them,  which  he  published 
with  a  Treatise  on  the  Land  Laws  of  Penn- 
sylvania, in  live  volumes.  He  died  .March 
18.    1830.    in    I'liiladelphia,    Pa. 

Smith,  Charles,  journalist,  bookstdler,  was 
hoiii  in  170S  in  Xew  Voik.  Ih-  was  a  book- 
seller in  New  York  City;  translated  plays 
for  the  stage  from  the  (Jerman  of  Kotze- 
•»ue  and  Schiller;  and  edited  the  Monthly 
Military  rjepr.sitoiy  in  1790-97.  He  also 
piildished  ii  l'<ditieal  I'oeket  Almanac  in 
1797.     He  died  in   180S  in  New  York  City. 


236 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Smith,  Charles,  soldier,  statesman,  was 
born  Dec.  24,  1839,  in  Wayne  county,  Mich. 
He  attended  the  Union  school  at  Ypsilanti 
until  1862,  with  the  exception  of  three 
months'  service  as  a  private  in  company  H, 
lirst  regiment  Michigan  infantry.  Since 
18(;3  he  has  lived  in  Houghton  county, 
Mich.;  and  for  over  thirty  years  was  in 
the  employ  of  copper  smelting  companies. 
He  is  vice-president  of  the  First  national 
bank  of  Lake  Linden ;  director  of  the  North- 
ern Michigan  building  and  loan  association 
of  Hancock;  and  chairman  of  the  Miskwa-- 
bik  development  association,  limited,  of  Ke- 
wei'uaw  county.  He  has  served  19  consecu- 
tive terms  as  supervisor  of  his  township; 
and  in  1895-96  was  a  representative  in  the 
Michigan  state  legislature.  Since  1899  he 
lu^s  been  a  member  of  the  Michigan  state 
senate  for  the  thirty-second  district,  and 
is  now  serving  the  term  of  1907-08,  being 
his  seventh  consecutive  term  in  the  legis- 
■  lature.  The  greatest  number  of  terms  by 
any   former  member  is  six. 

Smith,  Charles  Adam,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  25,  1809,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  lutheran  clergyman  of  Rhine- 
beck,  N.Y.,  and  elsewsere.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Catechumen's  Guide;  Men  of 
the  Olden  Time;  Before  the  Flood  and 
After;  Among  the  Lilies;  Inlets  and  Out- 
lets; Stoueridge,  pastoral  sketches;  and 
Popular  Exposition  of  the  Gospels.  He 
died  Feb.  15,  1879,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Smith,  Charles  Alphonso,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  28,  1864,  in  Greens- 
boro, N.C.  In  1884  he  graduated  from  Da- 
vidson college  of  Nortli  Carolina,  subse- 
(juently  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  from 
that  institution;  and  in  1893  received  the 
degree  of  Ph.D.  from  Johns  Hopkins  uni- 
versity. He  also  studied  in  the  universities 
of  PaVis  and  Berlin.  In  1893-1902  he  was 
professor  of  English  language  and  litera- 
ture at  the  Louisiana  state  university;  and 
since  1907  has  been  head  of  the  English 
department  and  dean  of  the  graduate 
(iei)artment  in  the  university  of  North  Car- 
olina; and  is  now  Edgar  Allen  Poe  profes- 
sor of  l<]nglish  at  the  university  of  Virginia, 
ill  1897-99  he  was  president  of  the  Modern 
language  association  of  America  for  the  cen- 
traf  division.  He  is  the  author  of  Repeti- 
tion and  Parallelism  in  English  Verse;  Old 
Kngiish  Grammar  and  Exercise  Book;  Ele- 
nu>ntary  English  Grammar;  and  other 
W(U'ks. 

Smith,  Charleh  Beaman,  agriculturist,  au- 
Ihor.  was  born  Sept.  21,  1870.  in  Howards- 
ville,  Mich.  Since  1896  he  has  been  as- 
sistant agriculturist  in  the  United  States 
department  of  agriculture.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Farmers'  Cyclopedia  of  Agriculture; 
and    Farmers'   CyclopcMlia    of    Live    Slock. 

Smiti),  Charles  Bennett,  congressman,  edi- 
tor, was  born  Sept.  14,  1870,  in  Erie  C(mn- 
iy,  N.Y.  He  became  managing  editor  of 
tiie    Bullalo    Times;    and    is    llie   owner   and 


editor  of  the  Niagara  Falls  Journal.  In 
1911-15  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty-third 
congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Smith,  Charles  Brooks,  soldier,  congress- 
man, was  born  Feb.  24,  1844,  in  Wood 
county,  W.Va.  He  enlisted  in  the  union 
army  at  the  age  of  nineteen  years;  and  was 
mustered  out  in  1865.  He  was  twice  elect- 
ed mayor  of  the  city  of  Parkersburg;  and 
in  1880-84  was  sherilY  and  treasurer  of  the 
county  of  Wood.  He  was  delegate  at  large 
to  the  national  republican  convention  at 
Chicago  in  1888;  and  in  1889-91  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fifty-first  congress  as 
a  republican.  He  died  Dec.  7,  1899,  in  Park- 
Grslnng,  W.Va. 

Smith,  Charles  Edward,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1863  he  was  major  in 
the  eleventh  regiment  "Michigan  cavalry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier -general 
of  volunteers      He  died  in  1907. 

Smith,  Charles  Emory,  journalist,  diplo- 
mat, was  born  Feb.  18,  1842,  in  Mansfield, 
Conn.  He  became  editor  of  the  Albany  Ex- 
press in  1865,  and  of 
the  Albany  Journal 
in  1870,  and  since 
18.30  has  conducted 
the  Philadelphia 
Press.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York 
state  press  association 
in  1874,  and  delivered 
the  annual  address  at 
its  meeting.  He  was 
a  regent  of  the  uni- 
versity of  the  state 
of  New  York  in  1879- 
80;  and  a  delegate  to  the  national  republi- 
can conventions  in  1876  and  in  1888.  In 
1890-92  he  was  envoy  extraordinary  and 
minister  plenipotentiary  to  Russia.  He 
died   Jan.    19,    1908.   in   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Smith,  Charles  Ferguson,  soldier,  was 
born  April  24,  1807,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  served  at  the  military  academy  in  1829- 
42  as  assistant  instructor  of  infantry  tac- 
tics, adjutant,  ami  as  commandant  of  ca- 
dets and  instructor  of  infantry  tactics.  He 
was  with  the  army  of  General  Zachary  Tay- 
lor in  the  military  occupation  of  Texas  in 
1845-46;  and  was  placed  in  command  of 
four  companies  of  artillery,  acting  as  in- 
fantry, wliich  throughout  the  war  that  fol- 
lowed was  famom  as  Smith's  light  battal- 
ion. He  died  Ai)ril  25,  1862,  in  Savannah, 
Tenn. 

Smith,  Charles  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
aiithor,  was  born  June  15,  1826,  in  Law- 
renceAille,  Ga.  For  twenty-seven  years  he 
]H-acticed  law  in  Rome,  Ga.  In  1861-6;")  he 
seived  in  the  confederate  states  army;  and 
beCMiue  nnijor.  He  was  the  author  of  Bill 
Ari)"s  Letters;  Bill  Arp's  Scrap  Book;  The 
Farm  and  (he  Fireside;  A  Side  Show  of 
the  Sontiiern  Side  of  the  War;  Fire  Sketcli- 
es;   and  Georgia  as  a  Colony  and  State,  un- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


237 


der  the  pen  name  of  Bill  Arp.  He  died  Aug. 
24,    lOn.S,    in    Cartersville,    Ga. 

Smith,  Charles  Forster,  educator,  author, 
was  born  .huie  30,  1852,  in  Abbeville  coun- 
ty, S.C.     In   1872  he  graduated  from   Wof- 

ford   college   of   South 
; — '  Carolina;       in       1874 

studied  at  Hartford 
luiiversity;  and  was 
also  a  student  in  the 
universities  of  Berlin 
and  Leipsig.  in  1875- 
79  he  was  professor 
of  classics  and  Ger- 
man at  VVollord  col- 
lege; in  1881-82  was 
assistant  professor  of 
latin  and  Greek  in 
Wil'iams  college, 

jNlasachusetts:  in  1882-83  was  professor  of 
modern  languages;  and  in  1883-94  was  pro- 
fessor of  Greek  in  Vanderbilt  university. 
In  1903  he  was  president  of  the  American 
jdiilological  association.  He  is  a  contribu- 
tor to  philological  journals  and  literary 
reviews  on  classical  philology,  on  modern 
literature    and   educational   topics. 

Smith,  Charles  Henry,  soldier  lawyer, 
state  senator,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1827,  in 
llollis,  Maine.  He  has  been  suecessi\ely 
lawyer,  soldier,  state  senator,  and  army 
ollicer;  and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general.  He  died  July  17,  1902,  in  Wash- 
ington.  D.C. 

Smith,  Charles  Henry,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  14,  1842,  in  Syria.  Since 
1890  he  has  been  professor  of  American 
history  at  Yale  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  History  of  Yale   Uni\ersity. 

Smith,  Charles  Lee,  educator,  lecturer, 
autlior,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1805,  in  Wilton, 
N.C.  In  1891-1000  he  was  professor  of  his- 
tory and  political  science  in  the  William 
Jewell  college;  and  in  1900-07  was  presi- 
dent of  Mercer  iiniversity  of  Georgia.  He 
is  the  author  of  History  of  Education  in 
North  Carolina;  and  The  Money  Question. 
Smith,  Charles  P.,  merchant,  banker,  state 
legislator,  was  born  March  4,  1847,  in  Can- 
ada. He  i.s  president  of  the  Burlington 
savings  bank;  and  in  1894  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Vermont  house  of  representa- 
tives, v 

Smith,  Charles  Perrin,  journalist,  genealo- 
gist, was  born  .Ian.  5.  18I9.  in  IMiiladclphia, 
Pa.  On  altaining  his  majority  he  bccanu' 
proprietor  and  editor  of  Tlie  National 
Standard  of  Salem,  N.J.,  and  conducted  it 
for  eleven  years.  He  served  in  the  New 
Jersey  legislature  of  18.12;  ajid  filled  nu- 
merous public  positions.  He  'was  the  au- 
thor of  a  genealogy.  He  died  Jan.  27,  18S3, 
in  Trenton,  N.J. 

Smith,  Charles  Shaler,  civil  engineer,  was 
bori!  Jan.  20,  18:i(;.  ui  I'itisburg.  Pa.  He 
constructed  the  confederate  states  powder 
works,  one  of  the  largest  that  had  then 
been  buill.  in  1800  he  organized  the  engi- 
neering firm  which  subsequently  became  the 


Baltimore  bridge  company,  of  which  he  was 
president  and  chief  engineer.  He  died  Dec. 
19,    1880,   in   St.   J.ouis,  Mo. 

Smith,  Charles  Sidney,  soldier,  was  born 
Dec.  20,  1843,  in  St.  Albans,  Vt.  In  1800 
he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
fourth  artillery;  and  in  1874  was  trans- 
ft'ired  to  the  ordnance  department.  In  1898 
he  became  major;  in  1905  was  promoted 
colonel  and  in  1907  was  retired  with  the 
rank   of  brigadier-general. 

Smith,  Charles  Spencer,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, author,  was  born  March  10,  1852,  in 
Canada.  In  1872  he  became  a  clergyman. 
In  1874-70  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
Alabama  state  legislature.  He  founded  and 
in  1882-1900  was  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  the  Sunday  school  union  of  the  African 
methodist  episcopal  church;  and  since  1900 
has  been  bishop.  He  is  the  author  of 
(Glimpses  of  Africa,  West  and  Southwest 
Coast. 

Smith,  Charles  Sprague,  educator,  lec- 
lui-cr.  aullior,  was  born  April  27,  1853,  in 
Andover,  JMass.  In  1880-91  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  modern  lan- 
guages at  Columbia 
luii  versify  of  New 
^ Oik  City ;  and  was 
a  lecturer.  In  1895 
lie  organized  and  was 
j)resident  of  the  Com- 
pniative  literature  so- 
ciety. In  1897  he  or- 
ganized the  Peoples 
institute;  of  which 
institution  he  was 
managing  director.  He 
was  the  author  of 
Barbizon  Daj^s;  and  Working  With  the 
lV.)])le.      lie  (lied  March  30,   1910. 

Smith,  Charles  W.,  clergyman,  editor, 
was  born  in  January,  1840,  in  Fayette 
county,  Pa.  fie  received  the  degree  of 
A.M.  from  Allegheny  college  of  Meadville, 
I'a.  Since  1884  he  has  been  pastor  and 
presiding  elder  in  tlu;  methodist  episcopal 
clinrch  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.;  and  is  also  editor 
of   the    I'illsburg  Christian   Advocate. 

Smith,  Clarence  Beaman,  journalist,  au- 
llior, uas  born  Sept.  21,  1870,  in  Howards- 
ville.  Wis.  Since  1890  he  has  been  assist- 
ant agriculturist  in  the  United  States  de- 
partment of  agriculture.  He  is  the  author 
of  l'"armer's  Cyclopedia  of  Live-Stock;  and 
other   works. 

Smith,  Clark  Allen,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
i)orn  Julv  29,  1840,  in  Rock  counly,  Wis. 
In  1882-1901  ho  was  judge  of  the  lifleenlh 
judieiiil  districf  of  Kansas;  and  in  1904- 
09  was  justice  (if  the  su|ireme  court  of  Kan- 
sas. 

Smith,  Clement  Lawrence,  educator,  phil- 
ologist, aulhor.  was  born  A|iril  13,  1844,  in 
Cpper  Darby,  Pa.  In  1870  he  became  tu- 
tor in  latin  at  Harvard  university;  was  as- 
sistant professor,  in  1873-1883;  was  profes- 
sor in  1SS3-1904;  was  dean  of  Harvard 
college  in  1882-1891;  and  dean  of  the  facul- 


238 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ty  of  arts  and  sciences  in  1898-1902.  In 
1897-98  he  was  director  of  the  American 
school  of  classical  studies  in  Rome;  and 
in  1898  was  president  of  the  American 
philological  association.  He  is  the  author 
of  an  edition  of  Horace's  Odes  and  Epodes; 
and  of  several  philological  and  educational 
monographs. 

Smith,  Clinton  De  Witt,  educator,  agricul- 
turist, college  president,  was  born  March 
7,  1854,  in  Trumansburg,  N.Y.  In  1893- 
J908  he  was  director  of  the  exjieriment  sta- 
tion and  dean  in  special  courses  at  the 
Michigan  agricultural  college.  In  1902  he 
was  elected  president  of  the  New  Mexico 
agricultural  college,  lie  originated  courses 
and  built  dairy  buildings  at  the  university 
of  Minnesota  and  also  at  Michigan  agricul- 
tural   college. 

Smith,  Columbus,  educator,  lawyer,  real 
estate  dealer,  genealogist,  was  born  Jan. 
1),   1819.     He  recovered  numerous  estates  in 

England  for  American 
claimants.  In  1850 
he  took  the  first  block 
of  marble  to  London 
from  Branden,  Vt., 
which  was  the  first 
marble  taken  to  Eu- 
rope from  the  United 
Slates.  He  has  large 
holdings  of  real  estate 
in  Vermont,  Wiscon- 
sin, Nel)raska,  Kan- 
sas, and  Texas.  He 
is  the  author  of  Re- 
port to  the  Innis  Association  of  the  Unit- 
ed States;    and   other  works. 

Smith,  Cotton  MatherT'clcrgyman,  chap- 
lain, was  born  Oct.  20,  1731.  in  tSuIIield, 
Conn.  In  1755-1806  he  was  pastor  of  the 
congregational  church  in  Sharon.  During 
the  revolution  he  served  as  chaplain  lui- 
der  General  Schuyler  in  1775-6.  He  died 
-Nov.  27,   1806,  in  Sharon,  Conn. 

Smith,  Daniel,  United  States  senator,  was 
born  about  1740  in  Fauquier  county,  Va. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  emigrants  to 
Tennessee;  and  was  a  general  of  militia. 
In  1797-99  and  1805-11  he  was  a  United 
Slates  senator  from  Tennessee.  He  died 
July  10,  1818,  in  Sumner  county,   Tenn. 

Smith,  Daniel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  10,  1806,  in  Salisbury,  Conn. 
He  was  a  methodist  clergyman  of  New  York 
stale;  and  very  active  in  the  temperance 
cause.  He  was  the  author  of  Wisdom  in 
Miiiiiiture;  (iems  of  Female  Biography; 
Ant'cdotes  for  the  Young;  Teachers'  Assist- 
ant ;  Lectures  to  Young  Men ;  Book  of  Man- 
ners; and  Anecdotes  of  the  Christian  Min- 
isiiv.  He  died  June  23,  1852,  in  Kingston, 
i\.V. 

Smith,  Daniel  B.,  educator,  founder,  was 
born  July  14,  1892,  in  riiiladolphia,  Pa. 
In  1819  he  ojiened  a  drug-store,  and  con- 
tinued 1  hereafter  in  active  mercantile  pur- 
suits until  within  a  few  years  of  his  death. 


lie  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Appren- 
tices' library  in  1820;  and  was  active  in  the 
nunenieiit  that  led  to  the  establishment  of 
the  College  of  pharmacy  in  1822.  In  1821 
lie  became  secretary  of  the  preliminary  or- 
ganization, which  office  he  then  held  until 
his  election  as  vice-president  in  1828,  and 
in  1829-54  was  its  president.  In  1820  he 
issued  the  first  number  of  the  American 
Journal  of  Pharmacy.  In  1834-46  he  was 
professor  of  moral  philosophy,  English  lit- 
erature, and  chemistry  in  Haverford  col- 
lege. He  was  inlluential  in  organizing  the 
House  of  refuge  in  1828,  and  the  American 
pharmaceutical  association  in  1852,  and  pre- 
sided over  its  first  meeting  in  Philadel- 
phia. He  died  March  29,  1883,  in  German- 
town,  Pa. 

Smith,  David  Eugene,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  21,  1800,  in  Cortland,  N.Y. 
In  1891-98  he  was  professor  of  mathematics 
in  tlie  Michigan  state  normal  school;  and 
in  1898-1901  was  principal  of  the  Nev/  York 
state  normal  school.  Since  1901  he  has 
been  professor  of  mathematics  in  the  teach- 
ers' college  of  Columbia  university  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  History 
of  Modern  Mathematics;  and  Teaching  of 
Matiiematics. 

Smith,  David  Highbaugh,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  19, 
1854,  in  Hodgehsville,  Ky.  He  was  coun- 
ty attorney  for  Larue  county  in  1878-82;  in 
1882-84  was  a  member  of  the  general  assem- 
bly;  and  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1885-93;  and  was  president  of  the  senate. 
In  1897-1907  l.e  was  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty- 
seventh,  and  fifty-eighth  and  iifty-ninth 
congiesses   as   n    (U'lnoerat. 

Smith,  David  M.,  state  legislator,  inven- 
tor, was  born  in  1809  in  Hartland,  Vt.  The 
awl-haft  as  manufactured  by  him  was  simi- 
lar if  not  identical  with  the  one  now  known 
as  the  Aiken  awl.  In  1840-41  he  repre- 
sented tlie  town  of  Gilsum  in  the  New 
Hampshire  legislature,  after  which  he  re- 
moved to  Springfield,  Vt.  He  iiatented  a 
combination- lock  in  1849,  of  which  an  Eng- 
lish expert  named  Hobbs,  who  had  opened 
all  the  locks  tlat  were  brought  to  him  in 
London,  said.  It  cannot  be  picked.  He  died 
Nov.    10,    1881,   in    Springfield,   Vt. 

Smith,  David  Thomas,  physician,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1840,  in  Hardin 
county,  Ky.  Since  1870  he  has  been  a 
successful  practicing  physician  of  Louis- 
ville, Ky. ;  and  is  lecturer  on  medical  juris- 
prudence in  the  univcrsitj'  of  Louisville, 
Ky.  Since  1903  he  practiced  law.  He  is 
the  author  of  Obstetric  Problems;  and  Phil- 
osophy of  Memory  and  Other  Essays. 

Smith,  Dean  Tyler,  educator,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  9,  1800,  in  Portland, 
Mieh.  He  is  professor  of  surgery  and  clin- 
ical surgery  in  the  university  of  Michigan 
homeopathic  college.  Ho  is  the  author  of 
Before   and  After   Surgical   Operations. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


239 


Smith,  Delazon,  journalist,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  Oct.  5,  18115,  in  New  Ber- 
lin, N.Y.  He  studied  law,  became  a  writ- 
er for  the  press,  and 
was  associated  with 
tlio  liocliestor  True 
.JelVersonian  and  the 
Western  Empire  of 
Dayton,  Ohio.  In 
1846  he  removed  to 
Iowa  territory;  and 
in  1852  to  Oregon  ter- 
ritory. In  1854  he 
was  elected  to  the  as- 
sembly of  Oregon,  and 
was  re-elected  in  1855 
and  1856,  In  1857  he 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  whicli 
framed  a  state  constitution;  and  in  1857- 
59  he  was  United  States  senator.  He  was 
also  the  editor  of  the  Oregon  Democrat. 
He  died  Nov.  17,  1860,  in  Portland,  Ore. 

Smith,  Dexter,  author,  poet,  was  born  in 
1842  in  Salem,  Mass,  ^lore  than  one  thou- 
sand poems  from  the  pen  of  this  poet  have 
been  set  to  music;  and  some  of  his  songs 
have  attained  circulations  running  well 
into  millions  of  copies,  notably  the  lyrics. 
Ring  the  Bell  Softly,  There's  Crape  on  the 
Door;  Cross  and  Crown;  Put  Me  in  My 
Little  Bed;  Darling  Minnie  Lee;  and  others. 
Ring  the  Bell  Softly  lias  been  translated 
into  several  foreign  language^.  Since  1865 
lie  has  edited  continuously  various  musical 
journals,  among  them  the  Orpheus  and  the 
Boston  Musical  Record,  wliich  he  now  con- 
ducts. A  volume  of  his  poems  appeared 
in    1867. 

Smith,  Dietrich  C,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
hanker,  congressman,  was  born  April  4, 
1840,  in  Hanover.  He  entered  the  union 
army  in  1861;  served  tlirougliout  the  war; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  captain.  He  en- 
gaged in  banking  and  manufacturing  in 
Pi'kin,  III.;  and  was  a  representative  in  the 
h-gi>lature  of  Illinois.  In  1881-83  he  was 
a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the  forty- 
seventh  congress. 

Smith,  Edgar  Fahs,  educator,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  23,  1856.  in  York,  Pa, 
In  1874  he  graduated  from  Pennsylvania 
college  witli  the  degree  of  B.S, ;  and  in 
1876  graduated  from  the  university  of  Goct- 
tingiMi  with  ihe  degree  of  Ph,D,  In  1876- 
81  he  was  instructor  in  chemistry  in  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania;  in  188i-83  filled 
the  same  chair  in  Muhlenberg  college;  also 
filled  the  same  chair  in  1883-88  in  Wit- 
tenberg college;  and  since  ISSS  has  filled 
tile  chair  of  chemistry  in  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1895-96  he  was  president 
of  the  American  chemical  society;  and  in 
1898  was  vice-president  of  the  American 
association  for  the  advancement  of  science. 
In  1893  he  was  a  member  of  the  jury  of 
awards  of  the  Chicago  Columbian  exposi- 
tion; and  in  1896  and  1901  served  on  the 
I  iiited  States  assay  commissions.  He  is 
the   author   of   several    volumes   on    Experi- 


ments in  Chemistry;  and  other  scientific 
works.  He  is  also  the  translator  of  Rich- 
ior's  Inorganic  and  Organic  Chemistries; 
and  other  works.  »■ 

Smith,  Edgar  Moncena,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Aug,  4, 
1S46,  in  l,,iverniore,  Maine,  In  1875-80  he 
lilkd  pastorates  in  Providence  and  New- 
port, R,I.  In  1892-93  he  was  president  of 
Wesleyan  university  and  female  college  at 
Kent  Hill,  Z^laine;  and  since  1898  has  been 
president  of  Hie  Illinois  Wesleyan  universi- 
ty at   Bloomington, 

Smith,  Edmund  Kirby,  soldier,  was  born 
May  16,  1824,  in  St.  Augustine,  Fla.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  in  the  confederate  serv- 
ice. He  died  March  28,  1893,  in  Sewanee, 
Tenn, 

Smith,  Edward  Curtis,  lawyer,  governor, 
was  born  Jan,  5,  1854,  in  St,  Albans,  Vt. 
In  1875  he  graduated  from.  Yale  university; 
and  also  graduated  from  the  Columbia.  law 
school.  In  1877  he  was  admitted  to  the 
practice  of  law;  and  in  1898-1900  was  re- 
publican governor  of  the  state  of  Vermont. 
Smith,  Edward  Delafield,  lawyer,  author, 
poet,  was  born  ^lay  8,  1826,  in  Rochester, 
N.Y.      He   was   United   States   attorney   for 

the  southern  district 
of  New  York  in  1861- 
65;  and  in  1871-75 
was  corporation  coun- 
sel of  New  York  City. 
He  was  the  author  of 
AvidiE,  a  poem;  Des- 
tiny, a  poem;  Ora- 
tory, a  poem;  Reports 
of  Cases  in  the  New 
York  Court  of  Com- 
mon Pleas;  and  Ad- 
dresses to  Juries  in 
Slave  Trade  Trials. 
He  died  April  13,  1878,  in  Shrewsbury, 
N.J. 

Smith,  Edward  E.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
was  born  May  5,  1861,  in  Spring  Valley, 
Minn.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Minne- 
sota state  legislature  in  1895-97 ;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1898-1902. 
Smith,  Edward  M.,  lawyer,  legislator,  was 
born  Feb.  6,  1838,  in  Alstead,  N.H.  He 
received  a  thorough  education,  attended  the 

academy    of    Alstead; 
I  '  and     in     1860    gradu- 

ated from  the  Albany 
law  sciiool.  New  York. 
He  has  attained  suc- 
less  in  the  profession 
<if  law;  is  one  of  the 
foremost  lawyers  of 
New  England,  and 
still  practices  in  tlie 
<ity  of  his  nativity. 
He  has  served  with 
distinction  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire state  legislature;  was  superintendent 
of   the   school   committee   for   twelve  years; 


240 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


has  been  tax  collector  for  eleven  years; 
and  is  moderator  of  Alstead,  N.H.  He  is 
jJrominent  in  the  public  allairs  of  his  city, 
county  and  state ;  and  an  active  member  in 
several   fraternal  orders. 

Smith,  Edward  Henry,  farmer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1809  in  Smithtown,  N.Y. 
In  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  thirty-seventh  congress. 
He  died  in  New  York. 

Smith,  Edward  M.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Jan.  5,  1854,  in  St.  Albans,  Vt.  Since 
1806  he  has  been  president  of  the  Central 
Vermont    railroad. 

Smith,  Edward  Parmelee,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  June  3,  1827,  in 
South  Britain,  Conn.  In  1871  he  was  ap- 
pointed an  Indian  agent  among  the  Chippe- 
was  in  Minnesota;  in  1873  he  was  ap- 
pointed commissioner  of  Indian  afi'airs;  and 
in  1875  was  appointed  president  of  How- 
ard university.  He  died  June  15,  1876,  in 
Africa. 

Smith,  Edward  Robinson,  librarian,  artist, 
was  born  Jan.  3,  1854,  in  Beirut,  Sj'ria.  In 
1876  he  graduated  with  the  degree  of  A.B. 
from  Amherst  college;  and  studied  sculp- 
ture in  Munich,  Florence  and  Paris.  Since 
1S95  he  lias  been  reference  librarian  of  the 
Henry  ().  Avery  memorial  architectural  li- 
brary at  Columbia  university  of  New  Y'^ork 
City. 

Smith,  Edward  Worthington,  soldier,  was 
born  in  \erniont.  In  18til  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  fifteenth  regiment  Illinois 
infantry;  and  in  1865  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
May  21,  1883. 

Smith,  Edwin,  civil  engineer,  astronomer, 
author,  was  born  April  13,  1851,  in  New 
York  City.  Since  1870  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  United  States  coast  and 
geodetic  survey,  with  the  exception  of  1895- 
97,  when  he  was  with  the  New  York  state 
land  survey.  In  1874  he  was  astronomer  in 
charge  of  a  party  to  observe  the  transit 
of  Venus  at  Chatham  Islands,  and  in  1882 
at  Auckland.  The  results  of  his  work  can 
be  found  in  the  publications  of  the  United 
States  coast  and  geodetic  survey  and  the 
Cnitetl  States  naval  observatory. 

Smith,  Edwin  Bradbury,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  was  born  in  October,  1832,  in 
Kennebunkport,  Maine.  He  practiced  law 
in  Saco,  Maine;  frequently  served  in  the 
state  legislature;  and  was  chosen  speaker 
in  1871.  He  was  subsequently  the  official 
reporter  of  the  supreme  court;  and  in  1875 
was  a]ipointed  first  assistant  in  the  ollice  of 
th(<    attorney-general    of    the   United    States. 

Smith,  Egbert  Watson,  clergyman,  author, 
was  l)()rn  Jan.  15,  1862,  in  (Jrecnsboro,  N.C. 
In  1893-06  he  was  pastor  of  the  first  pres- 
Inlcriiin  church  of  Greensboro,  N.C.  Since 
1906  he  has  been  pastor  of  the  second  pres- 
byterian  church,  at  Louisville,  Ky.  He  is 
the  author  of  Tlie  (heed  of  Pi'esbyterians. 

Smith,  Eldridge,  soldier,  poet.  He  served 
as  a  colonel  in  the  United  States  army  dur 


ing  the  civil  war;  and  took  part  in  the  de- 
fence of  Baltimore  during  the  raid  of  Gen- 
eral Early  in  1864.  He  is  the  author  of  a 
volume  of  poems  entitled  Songs  of  the,Morn- 
ing.  His  wife  is  also  the  author  of  a  vol- 
ume  of    poems   entitled    Beautiful    Builders. 

Smith,  Eli,  missionary,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  13,  1801,  in  Northlield,  Conn.  He 
was  a  congregational  missionary  at  Beirut. 
He  was  the  author  of  Missionary  Research- 
es in  Armenia ;  and  an  Arabic  translation 
of  the  Bible.  He  died  Jan.  11,  1857,  in 
Syria. 

Smith,  Elias,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  June  17,  1769,  in  Lyme,  Conn.  He 
was  a  congregational  clergyman  of  Massa- 
chusetts. He  was  the  author  of  The  Cler- 
gyman's Looking-Glass;  History  of  Anti- 
Christ;  and  Sermons  on  the  Prophecies. 
He  died  June  29,   1846,  in  Lynn,  Mass. 

Smith,  Elihu  Hubbard,  physician,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1771,  in  Litchliehl, 
Conn.  He  was  a  physician  and  poet  of 
New  York  City.  He  was  the  author  of 
Kdwin  and  Angelina,  an  opera;  and  Amer- 
ican Poems.  Original  and  Selected.  He  died 
Dec.  19,  1798,  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Elijah,  railroad  president,  was 
born  April  23,  1840,  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
Since  1895  he  has  been  jjresident  of  the 
Oregon  improvement  company;  and  has 
also  been  president  of  tlie  Detroit,  Hills- 
dale  and    South   Western   railroad. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Lee  Allen,  compos- 
er, author,  was  horn  in  1S17  in  New  Hamp- 
shire. She  was  the  wife  of  the  late  Henry 
Boynton  Smith,  a  presbytcrian  clergyman. 
She  was  the  author  of  several  hymns  and 
other  verse;  and  edited  The  Life  and  Work 
of  Henry  Boynton  Smith.     She  died  in  1898. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Oakes,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Aug.  12,  1806,  in  Nortli  Yar- 
mouth, Maine.  She  was  a  prominent  writ- 
er of  prose  and  poet- 
ry; and  was  the  first 
woman  lecturer  in 
America.  Her  later 
years  were  passed  in 
Hollywood,  S.C.  She 
was  the  author  of 
The  Sinless  Child,  and 
Other  Poems;  The 
Newsboy,  which  first 
directed  public  at- 
tention to  a  hitherto 
neglected  class;  Ivich- 
es  Without  Wings; 
Old  New  York,  or  Jacob  Leisler,  a  tragedy; 
Woman  and  Her  Needs;  Bertha  and  LUy; 
and  The  Western  Captive.  She  died  Nov. 
15.    1893,    in    Hollywood,   N.C. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Ellen  M.  Cyr,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  JNIontreal,  Canada.  Kor 
fifteen  years  she  taught  in  Cand)ridge, 
Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  Cyr's  Readers. 
Several  of  her  books  have  been  translated 
into  Spanish,  .Ja])anese,  and  the  Braille 
type  for  the  blintl. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


241 


Smith,  Ellison  D.,  United  States  senator, 
planter,  ami  was  born  Aug.  1.  18(JG,  at 
Lynehburg.  lie  was  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature from  .Sumter  county  in  1800-1900. 
Ho  is  a  ni-.'reliant  and  planter:  and  began 
the  cotton  movement  in  1901,  which  result- 
ed in  die  organization  of  the  Farmers'  pro- 
tective association.  Since  1909  he  has  been 
L  nited  States  senator  from  South  Carolina. 

Smith,  Ellison  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Dee.  .').  1S49.  in  Ohio,  lie  has  been  United 
States  district  attorney;  and  is  noted  as 
an  eminent  jurist  of  South  Dakota  at  Yank- 
ton. For  twelve  years  he  has  served  his 
state   as   circuit   judge. 

Smith,  Elmer  Boyd,  illustrator,  artist, 
uuilior.  was  iioru  May  :>!.  18()0,  in  Can- 
adii.  lie  is  tlu<  author  of  My  Village;  The 
Stery  of  Noah's  Ark;  and  The  Story  of 
Pocaliontas  and  ('a])tain  John  Smith. 

Smith,  Erasmus  Darwin,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Oct.  10,  ISOO.  in  l)e  Kuyter,  N.Y. 
lie  became  a  master  in  chancery  in  1832; 
and  was  a  justice  of  the  sui)renu'  court  of 
New  York  in  1855-77.  He  served  on  the 
court  of  appeals  in  18(12-70;  and  was  gen- 
era! term  justice  in  1872-77.  He  ilied  Nov. 
11.    188;),   in   Roelicster.  N.Y. 

Smith,  Erasmus  Peshine,  educator,  law- 
yer, jurist,  author,  v.as  born  ^larch  2,  1814, 
"n  New  York  City.  He  was  professor  of 
)nathematics  in  the  university  of  Rochester 
in  1850-52.  when  he  became  superintendent 
of  public  instruction  at  Albany.  In  1857 
he  was  ajjpointed  reporter  of  the  court  of 
appeals  of  the  state  of  New  York.  He  was 
tile  auMior  of  ^lanual  of  Political  Econo- 
my,     lie   died   Oct.   21.    1882.    in   Rochester, 

x!v. 

Smith,  Erasmus  Gilbert,  educator,  chem- 
ist, author,  was  born  AprM  ;)0.  1855,  in 
Soutli  HiuUey,  Mass.  Since  1881  he  has 
been  professor  of  ehem'slry  at  Beloit  col- 
leg:'  of  Wiscondn.  He  is  the  author  of  De- 
lermination   of  the   Rock-l''orming    Minerals. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Erminnie  Adelle,  ethnologist, 
scientist,  antlxu-,  was  born  Feb.  20.  ]8:)0, 
in  Marcel  ins.  N.Y.  She  was  the  author  of 
an  iroriuois-lliigiish  dietioiniry.  She  died 
.Ini'e   9.    1880.    in    -Fersey   ('ity,    N..1. 

Smith,  Ernest  Ellsworth,  physician,  chem- 
ist, was  !)orn  Dec.  20.  18(i7.  in  New  Haven. 
CoiiM.  He  gi'adnated  from  \'ale  un'versity 
and  fro, 11  15  llevue  hos])it-il  medical  college. 
Me  was  assistant  in  jihysiologieal  cheinis- 
tr\  ill  'I'ale  university:  and  is  now  engiiged 
in  laborato'y  practice  in  New  ^'ork  City; 
ami  's  a  pndessor  of  the  Fordham  iiniver- 
>ily  medical  school  of  New  York,  lie  has 
ap|i(jired  as  a  med'co-legal  expeil  and  tox- 
icologist  in  many  iniiiorlant  criminal  cases 
and  civil  liligations.  His  father,  the  late 
Henry  Ellsworth  Smith  of  New  Haven. 
Conn.,  was  a  jirominent  business  man,  and 
duriiii^  the  civil  war  was  a  member  tif  com- 
pany K,  lifteeiith  regiment  Connecticut  vol- 
unt'srs. 

Smith,  Erwin  E.,  educator,  pathologist, 
,iuthor.  was  born  Jan.  21,  185-1,  in  CJilbeit's 


was   born 
ly,    Ala. 

Oct.    27.    18- 
In    18G2    he 

■^■■■M 

Milh',  N.Y.  Since  1889  he  has  been  an 
assistant  pathologist  in  the  United  States 
department  of  agriculture;  and  is  now  in 
charge  of  the  laborator\-  of  plant  pathology 
ill  the  bureau  of  plant  industry.  He  is 
the  autlior  of  Bacteria  in  Relation  to  Plant 
Diseases. 

Smith,  Ethan,  clergyman,  author,  was 
bom  Dec.  1 9.  1702.  in  Relcliertown,  Mass. 
He  Wits  city  missionary  of  Boston  in  1832- 
49.  He  was  the  author  of  A  View  of  the 
Trinity:  and  A  \'iew  of  the  Hebrews,  in 
Vvhicii  the  origin  of  the  American  Indians 
was  traced  to  the  ton  tribes  of  Israel.  He 
(1;:mI   Aug.   29.    1849.    in    Pompey,   N.Y. 

Smith,  Eugene,  civil  engineer,  zoologist, 
nutlior.  v.as  l)orn  Nov.  25,  1800.  in  New 
York  City.  He  is  city  surveyor  and  civil 
engineer  of  Hol)oken,  N.J.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Tin-  Home  Aquarium;  and  several 
?\loiiogia]dis. 

Smith,  Eugene  Allen,  educator,  geologist, 
1841,  in  Autauga  eoun- 
aduated  from  the 
university  of  Ala- 
bama ;  he  attained 
one  semester  in  Ber- 
lin and  one  in  Gottin- 
gen;  and  received  the 
degree  of  Ph.D.  from 
Heidelberg  university. 
In  1868-71  he  was  as- 
sistant state  journal- 
ist of  Massachusetts; 
and  since  1871  has 
been  professor  of  ge- 
ology at  the  univer- 
sity of  Alabama.  He 
IS  \  ice-president  and  chairman  of  a  sec- 
iion  of  the  American  association  for  the 
advancement  cf  science.  He  is  the  author 
of   numerous  geological    papers  and   reports. 

Smith,  Eugene  Hanes,  dentist,  dean,  was 
born  Oct.  23,  1853,  in  Oldtown,  Maine.  He 
is  a  successful  dentist  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
is  dean  of  the  dental  department  in  llar- 
vard  university;  and  professor  of  dentistry 
in    that   institution. 

Smith  Eugene  Riley,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Oct.  4,  1851,  in  Fagiindus,  Forest 
county.  Pa.  He  was  educated  at  Knox  col- 
lege and  at  Westfield  college  of  Illinois;  and 
received  the  degree  of  M.S.  from  Western 
college  of  Iowa.  In  1870  he  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  M.l).  from  Rush  medical  col- 
lege of  Chicago,  HI.;  and  subsequently  took 
|i(»t-graduate  courses  in  the  Chicago  medi- 
cal school,  Chicago  ophtlialinie  college,  the 
Chicago  polyclinic  and  in  other  institu- 
tions. He  has  been  lecturer  on  physiology 
and  hygiene  at  the  Western  college;  has 
atlained  prominence  as  an  eminent  physi- 
cian and  surgenii  of  'l'(dedo,  Iowa:  and  is 
surgeon  and  direclor  to  the  Home  medical 
ami  surgical  inlirmary  of  Toledo,  Iowa'.  He 
has  been  examining  idiysician-siirgeon  lo 
Hie  forty-ninth  regiment  Iowa  volunteer  in- 
fantrv;    has    been    surgeon    lo    several    rail- 


242 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


road  and  insurance  companies;  and  has 
been  United  States  examining  surgeon.  He 
has  been  vice-president  of  the  Iowa  central 
state  medical  society;  holds  diplomas  from 
a  number  of  institutions;  and  is  a  member 
of  numerous  learned  societies.  For  a  quar- 
ter of  a  century  he  has  been  a  member  of 
the  executive  committee  of  the  Western  col- 
lege; for  twenty  years  has  been  president 
of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  United 
brethren  church;  and  for  twelve  years  has 
been  president  of  their  publishing  house  at 
Dayton,  Ohio. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Eugenia  M.,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1852  in  Vermont.  She  is 
a  writer  of  Dubuque,  Iowa.  She  is  the 
author  of  Winyome  but  Wicked;  The  Par- 
son's Sin;  and  Our  Money-Makers,  a  poul- 
try book. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Eva  Munson,  composer,  poet, 
author,  was  born  duly  12,  1843,  in  Monk- 
ton,  Vt.  She  is  the  author  of  Woman  in 
Sacred  Song,  a  rep- 
resentative work  of 
what  woman  has  done 
in  hymnology.  She 
is  the  author  of  a 
large  number  of  teni- 
perance  songs  and  oth- 
er works,  which  have 
become  very  popular. 
Her  poems  appear  in 
Poets  of  America  and 
other  standard  works. 
Her  best  known  pro- 
ductions are.  Wood- 
land Warblings;  Amex'ican  Pille  Team 
March;  and  I  Will  Not  Leave  You  Com- 
fort less. 

Smith,  Ezekiel  Ezra,  educator,  clergyman, 
diplomat,  was  born  May  23,  1852,  in  Duplin 
county,  N.C.  In  1880  he  became  a  major 
in  the  North  Carolina  national  guard.  In 
1888-90  he  was  United  States  minister  to 
Liberia.  In  1892-93  he  was  president  of 
the  state  industrial  association.  In  1898- 
99  he  was  an  adjutant  in  the  third  regiment 
North  Carolina  infantr3\  He  has  edited 
the  Carolina  Enterprise;  and  has  been  prin- 
cipal of  the  State  colored  normal  school  at 
Fayetteville,  N.C.  Since  1900  he  has  filled 
a  pastorate  in  that  city;  and  has  been 
president  of  the  Farmers'  building  and  loan 
association. 

Smith,  Florence,  poet,  was  born  in  1845, 
in  New  York  City.  She  was  the  author  of 
Piero's  Painting,  and  Other  Poems.  She 
died  iu  1871  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,'  Francis  Asbury,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1837,  in 
East  Salisbury,  Mass.  He  served  two  years 
in  the  civil  war  as  second  lieutenant  in  the 
third  infantry  New  York  volunteers.  In 
1864  he  began  the  ])ractice  of  law;  and  in 
1879-91  was  countv  judge  of  Essex  county. 
N.Y.  He  is  the  aiithor  of  The  Critics  Ver- 
sus   Shakespeare. 


Smith,  Francis  Gurney,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  8,  1818,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  During  the  civil  war  he  was 
physician  in  charge  of  a  military  hospital. 
He  founded  and  established  the  first  lab- 
oratory in  which  physiology  was  taught 
experimentally  and  by  demonstration  in  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania;  was  the  first 
president  of  the  Philadeljiliia  obstetrical 
society;  and  vice-president  of  the  Ameri- 
can medical  association  in  1870.  For  nine 
years  he  was  an  editor  of  the  Philadelphia 
Medical    Examiner.  He    contributed    fre- 

(juently  to  medical  literature;  translated 
and  edited  Earth  and  Roger's  Manual  of 
Auscultation  and  Percussion;  edited  Dan- 
iel Drake's  Systematic  Treatise;  and  was 
tlie  author  of  Domestic  Medicine,  Surgery, 
and  Materia  Medica.  He  died  April  0, 
1878,   in   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Smith,  Francis  Henney,  soldier,  educator, 
aullior,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1812,  in  Nor- 
folk, Va.  He  was  a  confederate  officer.  He 
was  professor  of  mathematics  at  Hampden 
Sidney  college  in  1837-39,  and  superintend- 
ent of  the  Virginia  military  institute  in 
1839-61  and  1865-90.  He  was  the  author 
of  Best  Methods  of  Conducting  Common 
Schools;  College  Reform;  and  a  series  of 
algebras.  He  died  March  21,  1890,  in  Lex- 
ington,   Va. 

Smith,  Francis  Henry,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  14,  1829,  in  Leesburg,  Va. 
Ill  1S53-1907  he  was  professor  of  natural 
]i]iilosophy  at  the  university  of  Virginia, 
lie  is  the  author  of  Thoughts  on  the  Dis- 
1(11  il  and  Harmony  of  Science  and  the  Bi- 
ble: Outlines  of  Physics;  and  Christ  and 
Si'ii'ncc. 

Smith,     Francis     Marion,     manufacturer, 
capitalist,   was   born   Feb.   2,    1846,    in   Rich- 
mond,  \Vis.     He  was   educated  in   the  com- 
mon   schools;    and    at 
Milton  college  of  Wis- 
consin.    His  early  life 
was   spent   on    his   fa- 
ther's   farm ;    and    in 
1867     he    went    west; 
in    1872   he  discovered 
Tcel's      marsh      borax 
mines   in   Nevada.   He 
is     president     of     the 
Pacific     coast     borax 
company ;     and    presi- 
dent    of     tlio     Realty 
syndicate  of  Oakland, 
Cal.     He  is  a  member  of   the   Sons  of  the 
American  revolution;  a  member  of  the  New 
York   art   and   Union   league   clubs;    and   a 
member  of  the   Pacific  union  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.    He  was  a  presidential  elector  for 
California. 

Smith,  Francis  Hopkinson,  civil  engineer, 
artist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  23,  1838,  in 
I5a;tim<n'e,  Md.  He  laid  the  foundation  and 
pedes!  a  I  for  the  Bartholdi  statue  of  liber- 
Iv.      He   is  the  author  of  Well-Woni    Hoads 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


243 


of  bpain,  Holland  and  Italy;  Old  Lines  in 
New  JJlack  and  Wliite;  A  Wliito  L'mbii'lla 
in  Mexico;  Colonel  Carter  of  Cartersville, 
a  novel;  A  Day  at  Laguerre's,  and  Otlier 
Days;  Ar.icricai!  Illustrators;  \'enice  of  To- 
Day ;  A  (Jentienian  N'agabond,  and  Some 
Otliers;  Tom  Crogan;  and  The  Romance 
of  an   Old    Fasliioneil  Centlemun. 

Smith,  Frank,  educator,  zoologist,  scien- 
tist, was  born  Feb.  18,  1857,  in  Winneconne, 
Wis.  He  was  educated  at  Hillsdale  college 
and  Harvard  university;  and  has  received 
the"  degrees  of  lMi.13.  and  A.M.  Since  1893 
he  has  been  instructor  and  later  associate 
professor  of  zoology  in  the  university  of 
Illinois.  He  is  a  fellow  of  the  American 
association  for  the  advancement  of  sci- 
ence; and  has  made  special  researches  in 
zoology. 

Smith,  Frank  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
-March  U,  ISUl.  near  Leavenworth,  Kan.  He 
held  the  office  of  state's  attorney  for  six 
years;  and  that  of  county  judge  for  two 
years.  He  is  now  circuit  judge  of  the 
"fourth  judicial  circuit  of   South  Dakota. 

Smith,  Francis  Osmond  Jon,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  23, 
180(),  in  r>rentwood,  N.H.     He  was  educated 

in  New  England.  He 
was  elected  to  the  as- 
sembly of  Maine  in 
18.31;  was  president 
<if  the  state  senate  in 
1833;  and  in  1833-3'J 
i%  J  lie   was    a    representa- 

^'  I  ive    from    Maine    to 

the  twenty  -  third, 
twenty-fourth  a  n  d 
Iweiity-lifth  congress- 
es. He  was  a  bril- 
liant orator  and  par- 
liamentarian. H  e 
died   ()<t.    I  (.    |S7()..    in   Deering,   .Maine. 

Smith,  Franklin  Guest,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  1(J,  1840,  in  JJIossburg.  Pa.  He  served 
throughout  the  civil  war;  and  attained  the 
raidv  of  captain  in  1898.  In  ]'.)()1  he  was 
colonel  of  the  artillery  corps;  and  in  I'.KCi 
was    retired    as    brigadier-general. 

Smith,  Frank  Hill,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Oct.  l."».  184-2,  in  Boston,  Mass.  His 
work  in  oil  includes  portraits,  figure-pieces 
and  landscapes.  Sonic  of  his  \'em-tian  pic- 
tures belong  to  the  Somerset  did)  of  Bos- 
ton. He  has  <lecorat('d  the  Windsiu-  hotel 
and  the  opera-house  at  Holyoke.  .Mass.,  iind 
niinieioiis  ](iil)li<'  and  i»iivale  buildings  in 
Bosloii.   Caiubridge  and  other  cities. 

Smith,  Frank  L.,  portrait  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Dee.  21,  IStiO.  in  Ripon,  Wis. 
I'iarly  in  life  he  had  a  penchant  for  art; 
studied  under  the  best  masters,  and  has  at- 
tained a  national  reputation  as  an  eminent 
portrait    jia inter. 

Smith  Frank  0.,  congressnum.  inerehant, 
was  born  .\ug.  27.  IH')!!,  in  Calvert  coun- 
ty. Md.  Tor  tweiitj-  years  he  was  engaged 
ill    merchandising    and    packing'.       In     1!)13- 


1.")  he  was  a  representali\c  from  Maryland 
to   the   -^ixt y-thii'd   congress. 

Smith,  Franklin  C,  soldier,  was  born  in 
-Mississippi.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  tiie  one  hundred  and  second  regi- 
ment Illinois  infantry;  and  in  18t);5  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He   died  Aug.   28,    1891. 

Smith,  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1828 
lie  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  suiireine 
court  of  ronnsylvania. 

Smith,  Frederick  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Feb.  11,  1844,  in  Norwood  Park,  111. 
In  1903  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  supe- 
rior court.  In  1903-09  he  was  judge  of  thi; 
circuit  court  of  Cook  county;  and  in  1904 
was  assigned  to  the  appellate  court  of  Illi- 
nois. 

Smith,  Frederick  R.,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Aug.  31,  1870.  in  Penn  Yan,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Penn  Yan  free 
acadenn' ;  attended  the  Dundee  preparatory 
school ;  and  grailuated  from  the  Hahne- 
mann medical  college  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  is  a  successful  physician  and  surgeon 
of  Rochester,  N.Y.;  and  a  member  of  the 
leading  medical  societies.  He  has  been  a 
member  of  the  board  of  all  the  masonic 
bodies    in    Roch(>ster,    N.Y. 

Smith,  George,  banker,  was  born  March 
8,  1808,  in  Scotland.  He  was  a  noted  baiik- 
9t;  and  one  of  the  foremost  financiers  of 
the  nineteenth  century.  He  died  Oct.  7. 
isn't,    in    London.    iMigland. 

Smith,  George,  congressman.  In  1809-13 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylva- 
n'a  to  the  eleventh  and  twt'lfth  congresses. 
He   died   in    Pennsylvania. 

Smith,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  sen- 
ator, author,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1804,  in 
Delaware  county.  Pa.  He  served  in  the 
Reimsylvania  state  senate  in  1832-36.  H«' 
was  an  associate  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  of  Delaware  county  in  183li-57 
and  1861-66.  He  was  chosen  the  lirst  su- 
perintendent of  the  D(daware  county  com- 
mon schools  in  1854;  and  for  the  subse- 
quent twenty-live  years  was  president  of 
the  school  board  of  Upper  Darby  siliool 
district.  He  also  devoti'd  much  atteiilion 
to  scientilic  pursuits,  especially  to  geology. 
He  was  a  founder  of  the  Delaware  county 
institute  of  science;  and  its  jiresident  in 
1833-82;  and  jjresented  it  with  his  valu- 
able herbariii'ii  about  1875.  He  was  the 
author  of  -V  History  of  Delaware  County, 
I'a..  from  the  Discovery  of  the  Territory  In- 
eluded  Within  lis  Limits  to  the  Present 
Tiiue.  lie  dieil  March  10,  1882,  in  rpi)er 
Dail.y.     I'a. 

Smith,  George  C,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1829.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  civil  war; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  brigidier-geiieral. 
lie  died  .\ug.  2.   1H97.  ill  St.  Raul,  Minn. 

Smith,  George  Carson,  railroad  ])resideiit, 
was  born  .March  4.  1S55.  in  (iranville,  N.Y. 
In   1877-81   ho  was  private  secretary  to  the 


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HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


governor  of  ^Michigan ;  president  of  the 
Atlanta  and  West  Point  railroad,  and  also 
of  the  Western  railway  of  Alabama.  He  is 
president  of  the  Lackawanna  and  Wyom- 
ing valley  railroad;  and  president  of  the 
Grand  Rapids,  Grand  Haven  and  Muskegon 
railroad. 

Smith,  George  Handy,  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  July  21,  1836,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  In  1871  lie  was  chosen  a  member 
of  the  Pennsylvania  state  legislature;  was 
cwee  re-elected;  and  in  1875  was  elected  a 
state  feenator.  He  was  United  States  son 
ator  in  1877-80;  and  in  1885  and  1887  was 
chosen  president  pro  tem.  of  the  senate. 

Smith,  George  J.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  7,  18t)l),  in  Lebanon,  Ohio.  Since 
187.8  he  has  been  engaged  in  examining  and 
licensing  of  teachers  and  principals  for  pub- 
lic school  system  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Synopsis  of  English  and 
American  Literature;  Writing  in  English; 
Longman's  Briefer  Grammar;  and  Long- 
man's  English   Lessons. 

Smith,  George  Joseph,  manufacturer, 
banker,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1859, 
in  Kingston,  N.Y.  Since  1879  he  has  been 
engagfd  in  the  manufacturing  and  banking 
bus  ness  in  Kingston,  N.Y.  In  1900  he 
was  a  delegate  to  the  republican  national 
convention.  In  1903-05  he  was  a  republi- 
can representative  from  New  Y'ork  to  the 
lifly-eighth   congress. 

Smith,  George  L.,  soldier,  merchant,  jour- 
nalist, congressman,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1840, 
ill  Hillsborough  county,  N.H.  He  served  in 
the  army;  settled  in  Louisiana  at  the  close 
of  the  civil  war;  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
business.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
assembly  in  1870  and  1872.  He  was  pro- 
prietor "of  the  Shreveport  Southwestern  Tel- 
egram; and  was  president  of  a  savings  bank 
and  trust  company.  In  1873-75  he  was  a 
representative  from  Louisiana  to  the  forty- 
third  congress  to  till  a  vacancy. 

Smith,  George  M.,  educator,  author,  was 
horn  May  30,  1847.  in  Belgrade,  ^Maine.  He 
was  educated  in  the  grammar  schools;    and 

at  Colby  college  of 
Waterville,  Maine.  In 
1888-89  he  was  a  stu- 
dent at  Giessen,  Ger- 
many. Until  1891  he 
was  engaged  in  teach- 
i  n  g  in  secondary 
schools.  In  1891  he 
became  professor 
of  Greek;  in  1894- 
1006  was  professor 
of  pedagogy;  in  1889- 
1901  was  professor  of 
modern  languages ; 

and  is  now  professor  of  German  and  the 
romance  languages  in  the  universitj'  of 
South  Dakota,  ile  is  the  autlior  of  V'ocab- 
ulary  to  Caesar.  Book  2;  Outlines  of  Civ- 
ics for  South  Dakota;  The  State  and  the 
Nation;    History    and    Civil    Governiiuiil    of 


South  Dakota;  and  Outlines  of  Pedagogy. 
He  is  editor  of  the  South  Dakota  Educator ; 
and  among  his  published  addresses  is  The 
Ethical  Mission  of  the  State  University. 

Smith,  George  P.,  agriculturist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  25,  1858,  and  is  a  son  of 
Rufus  Smith.  He  is  a  prominent  citizen  of 
Sunderland,  Mass.;  and  in  1900  was  a  del- 
egate to  the  farmers'  national  congress.  In 
1898-1901  he  was  a  member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts state  board  of  agriculture.  He  is 
the  author  of  An  Essay  on  The  Evolution 
of  Farm  Machines  in  Massachusetts  Ag- 
riculture. 

Smith,  George  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
^\as  born  Aug.  18,  1846,  in  Putnam  county, 
Ohio.  In  1870  he  was  admitted  to  the  prac- 
tice of  law  by  the  supreme  court  of  Illi- 
nois; and  resided  in  Murphysboro.  In  1880 
he  was  the  republican  elector  for  his  con- 
gressional district,  and  cast  the  vote  of  the 
district  for  Garfield  and  Arthiu-.  In  1889- 
1007  he  was  a  representative  from  Illinois 
to  the  fiftv-first,  fifty-second,  fifty-third, 
fifty-fourth,"  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty- 
seventh,  fifty-eighth  and  fifty-ninth  con- 
gresses as  a  republican.  He  died  in  1907 
in   Murphysboro,  111. 

Smith,  George  R.,  congressman,  jurist, 
was  born  May  28,  1864,  in  St.  Cloud,  Minn. 
He  served  two  terms  as  judge  of  the  pro- 
bate court.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Minnesota  to  the  sixty-third 
congress. 

Smith,  George  Theodore,  banker,  was  born 
April  29,  1855,  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
educated  in  the  college  of  the  city  of  New 
York.  In  1872-1909  he  was  in  the  service 
of  the  Pennsylvania  railroad  company,  be- 
coming general  agent  of  the  company  in 
New  York.  Since  1909  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  First  national  bank  of  Jersey 
City;  and  is  also  president  of  the  Joseph 
Dixon  crucible  company,  the  American  gra- 
phite company,  the  New  Jersey  title  guar- 
s'ntee  and  trust  company  and  the  West 
New  York  trust  company.  He  is  also  vice- 
president  and  director  of  the  Colonial  life 
insurance  company  of  America  and  various 
otl'er   corporations. 

Smith,  George  W.,  physician,  merchant, 
banker,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1846,  in  Hillsdale 
county,  Mich.  In  1867  he  moved  to  Owos- 
so,  ^lich.,  engaged  in  the  drug  business, 
and  there  studied  medicine.  He  practiced 
that  profession  for  a  while,  and  then  en- 
gaged in  the  wliolesale  and  retail  grocery 
business.  In  1878  he  moved  to  Geneva,  Neb., 
and  a  year  later  organized  the  Geneva  ex- 
change bank,  now  the  First  national  bank 
of  Geneva,  of  which  he  is  president.  He 
was  elected  mayor  of  his  city  in  1890. 

Smith,  George  Washington,  founder,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  4,  1800,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  a  founder  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania historical  society;  for  many  years 
one  of  its  councillors;  and  at  his  death 
senior  vice-president,     lie  possessed   a   large 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


245 


estate,  of  wliicli  he  gave  liberally  to  benevo- 
lent objects.  He  was  the  author  of  Facts 
and  Aifiunients  in  Favor  of  Adopting  Kail- 
roads  in  I'reference  to  Canals;  Defense  of 
the  Pennsylvania  System  in  Favor  of  Soli- 
tary Confinement  of  Prisoners;  and  edited 
Nicholas  Wood's  Treatise  on  Railroads.  He 
died   April   -J-J.    ISTti.   in    I'liiladelphia,  Pa. 

Smith,  George  Washington,  soldier,  was 
born  .Ian.  8,  1837,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
He  entered  the  union  army  as  cap- 
tain of  Illinois  infantry  in  1862,  bcj 
ing  promoted  successively  as  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  briga- 
dier-general, before  being  honorably  mus- 
tered out  in  1SG5.  In  1806-67  he  was  state 
treasurer  of  Hlinois;  was  president  of  the 
union  league  club  of  Chicago;  and  for  four- 
teen years  vice-president  of  the  Chicago 
liistorical  society.  He  was  also  president 
of  the  Chicago  industrial  school  for  girls 
and  a  member  of  the  Loyal  legion.  He  died 
Sept.   16,  1898,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Smith,  George  William,  governor.  He  was 
the  ninth  governor  of  Virginia  in  1811-12. 
lie  lost  his  life  at  the  burning  of  the  Rich- 
mond theater,  Dee.  26,   1811,  in  Virginia. 

Smith,  George  Williamson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  21,  1836,  in  Catskill, 
N.Y.  He  was  ordained  deacon  in  1860,  and 
priest  in  1864,  in  the  protestant  episcopal 
church,  and  was  an  assistant  at  various 
churches  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  was  act- 
ing |)rofessor  of  mathematics  in  the  United 
Slates  naval  academy  at  Newport  in  1864- 
65;  chaplain  at  the  Annapolis  academy  in 
1865-68;  and  chaplain  on  the  United  States 
steamship  Franklin  in  1808-71.  In  1872-81 
he  was  rector  of  Grace  church,  Jamaica, 
!..!.;  and  in  1881-83  of  the  Church  of  the 
lledeemer  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y. ;  and  in  1883- 
1904  he  was  president  of  Trinity  college, 
and  is  now  professor  emeritus.  He  has 
pnblislicd  occasional  sermons  and  papers. 
Smith,  Gerrit,  philanthropist,  congress- 
inai!,  autlior  was  born  March  6,  1797,  in 
I'tica.  N.Y.  He  was  one  of  the  leaders  of 
I  lie  Anti-Slavery  society;  and  was  noted 
lor  his  philanthropy.  Having  inherited 
one  of  the  largest  landed  estates  in  Amer- 
ica, he  distrii)uted  nearly  two  hundred 
llxtMsand  acres  of  i(  among  the  ]ioor.  In 
|S5:5-55  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  thirty-third  congress.  He  was 
the  author  rrf  Speeches  in  Congress;  Ser- 
mons and  Speeches;  The  Heligion  of  Rea- 
son; The  Tiieologies;  and  Nature  the  Bas- 
is of  a  Free  Theolog:^-.  II.-  dir.I  D.-c.  28, 
1874.  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Gerrit,,  nuisician.  comiioser,  was 
ixirii  D.C.  II,  I.S50,  in  llagcrstown,  Md.  He 
began  his  professional  career  as  organist 
and  choirmaster  of  St.  Paul's  church  of 
Mnllalo.  N.Y.  He  is  professor  in  the  union 
theological  seminary;  and  a  noted  coneert- 
organi-il.  He  is  the  authcu-  fif  over  fifty 
songs;  pianoforte  pieces,  a  cantata,  carols, 
Te  D.'um,  anthems,  and  male  and  female 
choruses. 


Smith,  Gertrude,  litterateur,  author,  \va9 
born  Nov.  7.  1S02,  in  California.  She  is 
an  Atlanta  writer,  whose  early  life  was 
spent  in  the  west.  She  is  the  author  of 
The  Rousing  of  ^Irs.  Potter,  and  Other 
Stories;  The  Arabella  and  Araminta 
Stories ;  Dedora  Heywood ;  Boys  of  ^lar- 
niiton  Prairie;  Ten  Little  Comedies;  Tlie 
Wonderful  Stories  of  .Jane  and  John;  and 
Little  Girl  and   Philip. 

Smith,  Giles  Alexander,  soldier,  was 
born  Sept.  29,  1829,  in  Jellerson  county, 
N.Y.  He  became  captain  in  the  eighth  Mis- 
souri volunteers  in  1861;  and  in  1863  was 
promoted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  Nov.  5,  1870,  in  Bloomington,  111. 
Smith,  Goldwin,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  13,  1823,  in  England.  In  1854 
he    graduated    from    Oxford    university    as 

M.A.  In  1858-00  was 
regius  professor  of 
modern  history  at 
Oxford  university. 
During  the  civil  war 
he  was  an  active 
champion  of  the 
north.  In  1808  he 
came  to  the  United 
States  and  in  1868-71 
was  engaged  as  a  lec- 
turer. He  was  an  hon- 
orary professor  of 
English  and  constitu- 
tional history  at  Cornell  university  Since 
1871  he  has  lived  in  Canada;  and  is  presi- 
dent of  the  JNIodern  language  association. 
He  is  the  author  of  Irish  History  and  Irish 
Character;  Lecture  on  Modern  History; 
The  Civil  War  in  America;  Three  English 
Statesmen;  William  Cowper;  The  Political 
Destiny  of  Canada;  History  of  the  United 
States;  Lines  of  Religious  Inquiry;  My 
]\Iemorv  of  (Gladstone;  Irish  History  and 
ilie  Tri-ih  Question;  and  Labor  and  Capital. 
Smith,  Green  Clay,  soldier,  clergynuin, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  July  2, 
1830,  in  Richmond,  Ky.  He  was  a  school 
commissioner  in  1853-57;  and  established  a 
great  mimber  of  schools.  He  served  as  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  Mexican  war;  and 
after  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war  in 
18()1  had  command  of  the  fourth  Ken- 
tucky cavalry.  He  was  (dected  to  the  state 
legislature;  was  ap|)<)inted  a  brigadier- 
general  in  18()2;  was  subsequently  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  major-general;  and 
was  i)resent  at  the  battle  of  Ball's  BlulV 
and  about  fifty  other  engagements.  In 
18()3-67  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  thirty-eighth  and  thirty-ninth 
congresses.  In  1866-69  he  was  governor  of 
the  territory  of  .M.tntana.  He  snbst'(|u.'iit- 
ly  iiecanu'  a  preacher  in  the  baptist  church 
in  Frankfor*.  Ky.  In  1876  he  was  the 
candiilate  of  the  prohil)iti.)ti  jiarty  for  the 
])resi.lency  .)f  the  Init.-d  States.  He  .lieil 
.lipi.'  29. 'l89").  in   Washiiigt.ni,  D.C. 

Smith,  Gustavus  A.,  soldier,  was  boni   in 
Pennsvlvania.      In    1861    he   was    colonel    in 


246 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


the  tliirty-iifth  regiment  Illinois  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.     He   died  Dec.    11,   1885. 

Smith,  Gustavus  Woodson,  soldier,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  1,  1822,  in  Scott  coun- 
t3',  Ky.  He  was  a  confederate  general; 
and  lived  in  Xew  York  City  after  1876.  He 
was  the  author  of  Notes  on  Life  Insurance; 
and  Confederate  War  Papers.  He  died 
June   23,    1896,   m  New   York   City. 

Smith,  H.  Boardman,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gre  sman,  was  born  Aug.  18,  1826,  in  Whit- 
tingham,  Vt.  He  became  judge  of  the  Che- 
mung county  courts  in  1859.  In  1871-75 
he  was  representative  to  the  forty-second 
and   forty-third    congresses   Jis   a  republican. 

Smith,  Hamilton  Lamphere,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1818,  in  New  Lon- 
don, Conn.  He  was  professor  of  natural 
philosophy  at  Kenyon  college  of  Ohio  and 
Hobart  college  from  1851.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Natural  Philosophy  for  Schools  and 
Academies;  and  First  Lessons  in  Astron- 
omy and  Geolog\'.  He  died  in  1903  in  Yon- 
kers,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Hariette  Knight,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  (Jet.  28,  1855,  in  Hud- 
son. Ohio.  She  is  the  author  of  History  of 
the  Lowell   Institute. 

Smith,  Harlan  IngersoU,  anthropologist, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  17,  1872,  in  East 
Saainaw.   Mich.      In   1891   he  was   assistant 

at     the    Peabodv    mu- 


seum of 
versitv; 
92  was 
ant      in 


Harvard  uni- 

and   in    1891- 

lield     assist- 

the     depart- 


ment of  anthropology 
at  the  World's  Col- 
u  m  b  i  a  n  exposition. 
He  was  archaeologist 
the  Jesup  north 
a  c  i  fi  c    expedition  ; 


on 
P 


and  since  1895  has 
been  archseologist ; 
since  1896  has  been 
a  member  of  the  faculty:  and  1900  has 
lieen  assistant  curator  of  archaeology  at 
the  American  museum  of  natural  history 
of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
I\Iichigan  ArchiKologj' ;  Archaeology  of  Lyt- 
ton,  B.C.;  Archa?ology  of  the  Thompson 
Kiver  Region:  Cairns  of  British  Columbia 
and  Washington:  Shell  Heaps  of  the  Low- 
er Eraser  Pviver,  British  Columbia;  and 
Archaeology  of  the  Gulf  of  Georgia  and  Pu- 
get    Sound. 

Smith,  Harold  Babbitt,  educator,  electrical 
engineer,  autlior.  was  born  May  23,  1869, 
in  Barre,  Mass.  In  1891  he  graduated 
from  Cornell  university  with  the  degree  of 
M.L.  In  1892  he  was  professor  of  elec- 
trical engineering  at  llie  Arkansas  state 
luiiversily;  and  in  1893-96  filled  the  same 
chair  at  Purdue  university.  Since  1893 
he  has  been  consulting  electrical  engineer; 
and  sinee  1890  has  been  professor  of  elec- 
trical engineering  and  director  of  the  elec- 
trical  engineering  department   at  the  Wor- 


cester polytechnic  institute.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  leading  mechanical  and  elec- 
trical engineering  societies  of  Europe  and 
America.  He  is  the  author  of  about  forty 
]\Ionographs  and  contributions  to  scientific 
publications. 

Smith,  Harry  Bache,  critic,  autnor,  was 
born  in  1860  in  Buffalo.  N.Y.  He  is  the 
author  of  Robin  Hood;  Rob  Roy;  The  Lit- 
tle Corporal;  The  Fortune  Teller;  The 
Highwayman;  The  Serenade;  Wizard  of 
the  Nile;  The  Idol's  Eye;  Half  a  King; 
The  Fencing  Master;  The  Knickerbockers; 
The  Three  Dragoons;  The  Begvmi;  Jupiter; 
The  Tar  and  the  Tartar;  The  Tzigane;  Boc- 
cailio;  Clover;  The  Crj'stal  Slipper;  Sinbad 
and   otlier    librettos. 

Smith,  Harry  H.,  statistician,  author,  was 
born  July  31,  1842,  in  Fairport,  N.Y.  In 
1S70  he  was  special  marshal  of  the  Michi- 
gan ceirsus.  He  has  been  United  States 
national  bank  examiner.  He  is  a  parlia- 
mentary author,  writer  and  expert;  bank 
and  tariff  statistical  expert,  and  magazine 
writer.  He  prepared  a  codification  of  the 
rules  of  the  senate,  which  code  was  sub- 
stantially adopted;  and  Senate  Manual,  as 
levised  by  him  was  printed.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Digest  and  Manual ;  and  has  pre- 
pared the  i)arliamentary  history  of  con- 
gress, tiie  manuscript  of  which  will  be  pur- 
chased by  congress,  in  accordance  with 
unanimous  recommendations  of  committees 
of    botli    houses   of  congress. 

Smith,  Helen  Evertson,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  22,  1839,  in  Sharon,  Conn. 
She  is  the  author  of  Colonial  Days  and 
Ways. 

Smith,  Henry,  governor.  In  1805-06  he 
was  acting  governor  of  Rhode  Island. 

Smith,  Henry,  educator,  missionary.  For 
several  years  after  graduation  from  Bow- 
doin    college,   he   taught    in   the   Portsmouth 

academy.  After 
three  years  at  An- 
dover  he  became  a 
successful  missionary 
in  western  New  York. 
For  eleven  years  he 
filled  a  pastorate  in 
the  presbyterian 
church  at  Camden, 
N.Y.  The  theological 
school  of  Auburn,  N. 
Y.,  was  largely  bene- 
fited by  the  funds 
which  he  raised  for 
it.  He  was  also  noted  for  his  great  phil- 
anthropv  and  kindness  to  the  poor.  He 
died    in\luly,    1826.   in  New  York. 

Smith,  Henry,  police  commissioner,  was 
born  Oct.  20.  1820,  in  AmsterdaTn,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  board 
of  councilmen  in  1854-57;  supervisor  in 
1862-68,  and  president  of  the  board  of  po- 
lice in  1868-74.  He  died  Feb.  23,  1874,  in 
Xew    \'()ik. 

Smith,  Henry,  millwright,  congressman, 
was  born  July  22.   1838,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


247 


The  year  of  his  birth  he  removed  with  his 
l)aic'nts  to  Massillon,  Oliio;  and  since  1844 
lias  resided  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  common  council  of  Milwau- 
kee in  1868-72;  was  a  member  of  the  Wis- 
consin legislature  in  1878;  and  was  again 
a  member  of  the  common  council  in  1880- 
82.  He  was  city  comptroller  in  1882-84; 
and  in  1884-87  a  member  of  the  common 
council.  In  1887-89  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fiftieth  congress. 

Smith,  Henry  Boynton,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  21,  1815,  in  Portland, 
Maine.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman 
of  eminence  as  a  theologian  and  professor 
of  systematic  theology-  in  Union  seminary  of 
New  York  City  in  1854-74.  He  was  tlie  au- 
thor of  Faith  and  Philosophy;  Apologetics; 
Chroiiological  History  of  the  Church  of 
Christ;  Introduction  to  Christian  Theolo- 
gy; and  System  of  Christian  Theology.  He 
died  Feb.  7,   1876,  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Henry  Cassorte,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  June  2,  1859,  in  Canandai- 
gua,  N.Y.  In  1881-83  he  was  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Canandaigua,  N.Y.  In  1899- 
1902  he  was  a  representative  from  Michi- 
gan to  the  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh  con- 
gresses. 

Smith,  Henry  Erskine,  litterateur,  author, 
was  burn  in  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  On  and  Off  the  Saddle,  Character- 
istic Sights  and  Scenes  From  the  Groat 
Northwest  to  the  Antilles;  Love's  Diplom- 
acy;   and  Circumstantial  Evidence. 

Smith,  Henry  H.,  soldier,  statistician,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  31,  1842,  in  Fairport, 
N.Y.  He  served  in  the  army  during  the 
civil  war  in  1862-65;  and  tlien  in  tiie  treas- 
ury department  until  1870.  For  fifteen 
years  lie  was  general  clerk  of  the  national 
house  of  representatives;  and  has  repeated- 
ly been  special  Cnited  States  bank  exam- 
iner. He  prepared  two  codifications  of  tlie 
rules  of  the  house  and  one  of  the  senate. 
In  1892-94  he  was  assistant  and  acting  reg- 
ister of  the  Ueasury.  He  is  tlie  author  of 
Digest  and  Manual  of  the  revised  rules  and 
practice  of  the  national  house  of  represen- 
tatives; and  a  Parliamentary  History  of 
Congress. 

Smith,  Henry  HoUingsworth,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  10,  1815,  in  Philadcl- 
])hia,  Pa.  In  1855-71  he  was  professor  of 
surgery  in  the  medical  department  of  the 
university  of  Penn-<ylvania;  and  in  1871 
lie  bccanic  professor  emeritus.  He  was  the 
author  of  Minor  Surgery;  System  of  Oper- 
ative Surgery:  Practice  of  Surgery;  and 
Professional  Visit  to  London  and  Paris. 
lie  .iii,|  April  11.  1S90,  in  Pliiladclpliia,  Pa. 
Smith,  Henry  Louis,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Jiilv  30,  1859,  in 
Oreensboro,  N.C.  In  1887-1901  he  was 
])rofessor  of  physics;  and  since  1901  has 
iieen  president  of  the  Davidson  college  of 
Nortli  Carolina.  He  took  the  first  X-ray 
photographs   south   of   Johns    Hopkins   uni- 


versity,  and   has   done  much   work   in   that 
line. 

Smith,  Henry  Preserved,  educator,  clergy- 
man, theologian,  author,  was  born  Oct.   23, 
1847,    in    Troy,    Ohio.      He    is    a    congrega- 
tional   clergj'man ;    in 
1874-93    he    was    pro- 
fessor   of    old    testa- 
ment     literature      at 
the    Lane    theological 
seminary     of     Cincin- 
nati,   Oiiio;    in    1898- 
1906      was      professor 
of    biblical    literature 
and    history    at    Am- 
herst   college.      He    is 
the    author    of    Bibli- 
cal    Scholarship     and 
Inspiration;      Inspira- 
The  Bible  and  Islam; 
History ;     and     other 


Inerrancj' ; 
Testament 


tion  and 
An  Old 
works. 

Smith,  Herbert  Eugene,  physician,  chem- 
ist. In  1882  he  graduated  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania ;  and  is  now  a  well 
known  physician  of  New  Haven,  Conn.  He 
is  dean  of  the  faculty  and  professor  of  chem- 
istry at  Yale  university  ;  and  a  member  of 
the  American  physiological  society,  the  Con- 
necticut medical  society,  and  several  scien- 
tific associations. 

Smith,  Herbert  Huntington,  naturalist, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1852,  in  Manlius, 
N.Y.  He  has  traveled  extensively  and  his  zo- 
ological and  botanical  collections  numbering 
over  five  hundred  thousand  specimens  are  in 
every  important  museum  in  the  world.  He 
is  the  author  of  Brazil ;  and  The  Amazons 
and  The  Coast. 

Smith,  Hezekiah,  clergyman,  was  born 
April  21,  1737,  on  Long  Island.  In  1765- 
1805  he  was  pastor  of  the  Baptist  church  at 
Haverhill,  Mass.  In  1776-80  he  filled  the 
office  of  chaplain  in  the  American  army.  He 
died  Jan.  22,  1805,  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 

Smith,  Hezekiah  Bradley,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, inventor,  was  born  .Inly  24,  1816, 
in  Bridgewatcr.  Vt.  lie  learned  the  trade  of 
a  cabinetmaker;  and  became  an  inventor  and 
manufacturer  of  wood  machinery.  In  1871 
he  established  a  wood  manufactory  in  Smith- 
ville.  N.J.  In  1879-81  he  was  a  reiirosent- 
ativo  from  New  Jersey  to  the  forty-sixth 
congress.  He  died  Nov.  3.  1887,  in  Smitli- 
ville,  N.J. 

Smith,  Hezekiah  Wright,  engraver,  artist, 
was  born  in  1828  in  Kdinhiirgh,  Scotland. 
His  most  imiKirtant  plates  are  a  full-length 
of  Daniel  Webster,  after  Chester  Harding ; 
a  (hreo-quarter  length  Edward  Everett,  after 
Moses  Wright  ;  niid  Wnshington. 

Smith,  Hiram  Y.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  22,  1843,  in 
Piqua,  Ohio.  He  was  district  attorney  of  the 
fifth  judicial  district  of  Iowa  in  1875-79; 
and  was  a  member  from  Dos  Moines  of  the 
state  senate  in  1882.  In  1883-85  he  was  a 
representative  from  Iowa  to  the  forty-eighth 


248 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


congi-o.ss  to  fill  a  vacancy.     He  died  Nov.  4, 
1894,  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 

Smith,  Hoke,  journalist,  United  States 
senator,  publisher,  governer,  cabinet  officer, 
was  born  Sept.  2,  1855,  in  Newton,  N.C.    He 

was  educated  in  a 
preparatory  school 
conducted  by  his  fath- 
er ;  and  in  1872  moved 
to  Georgia.  He  taught 
school  and  studied 
law;  beginning  the 
practice  of  his  profes- 
sion in  Atlanta,  Ga., 
in  1873.  In  1887  he 
purchased  the  Atlanta 
Journal ;  and  much  of 
the  credit  for  Cleve- 
land's victory  in  1892 
was  attributed  to  his  paper  and  his  personal 
efforts.  In  1881  he  was  president  of  the 
Young  men's  library  of  Atlanta.  Ga. ;  and 
for  many  years  was  president  of  the  Atlanta 
board  of  education.  In  1893-96  was  secre- 
tary of  the  interior  in  President  Cleveland's 
staff.  In  1907-09"  was  governor  of  the  state 
of  Georgia.  Since  1911  he  has  been  United 
States  senator  from  Georgia. 

Smith,  Homer  J.,  educator,  clergyman, 
lecturer,  was  born  Aug.  31.  1846,  in  Fayette 
county,  Pa.  Since  1870  he  has  been  a  clergy- 
man of  the  methodist  episcopal  church.  He 
was  a  successful  educator ;  and  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Ohio  anti-saloon  league.  He 
is  one  of  the  foremost  lecturers  on  scientific 
and  general  topics,  and  now  fills  a  pastorate 
in  Zanesville.  Ohio. 

Smith,  Horace,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  Oct.  28,  1808,  in  Cheshire,  IMass. 
In  1846-49  he  was  privately  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  guns.  In  1852  he  became  a 
co-inventor  and  co-partner  of  Daniel  B. 
Wesson,  and  with  him  manufactured  pistols 
and  metallic  cartridges.  They  invented  me- 
tallic cartridges;  and  valuable  improvements 
for  the  pistol.  He  died  Jan.  15,  1893,  in 
Springfield,  ]Mass. 

Smith,  Horace  Strong,  manufacturer,  was 
born  Dec.  28.  1826,  in  Dunstable,  N.H.  He 
was  master  mechanic  of  the  Chicago  and  Al- 
ton railroad  at  Bloomington.  In  1875  he 
was  manager  of  the  Joliet  iron  and  steel 
company.  In  1879  he  was  vice-president:  and 
in  1894  retired  from  active  business.  He  in- 
troduced many  improvements  in  the  plant ; 
and  did  more  to  build  up  the  town  of  Joliet 
than  any  other  man.  He  died  Oct.  17,  1899, 
in  Chicago.  111. 

Smith,  Horace  Wemyss,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  15,  1825.  in  Philadelphia 
county.  Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  Nuts  for 
Future  Historians  to  Crack;  Yorktown  Or- 
derlv  Book  ;  and  Life  of  Reverend  William 
Smith.  He  died  Dec.  9,  1891,  in  Phila- 
delphia. Pa. 

Smith,  Huntington,  journalist,  publisher, 
author,  was  born  D(>c.  4.  1857,  in  Hudson. 
N.Y.  In  1898-1903  he  was  editor  aiul  pub- 
lisher of  the  Boston  Beacon.  He  is  the  trans- 


lator of  Tolstoi's  My  Religion.  He  is  the 
author  of  A  Century  of  American  Litera- 
ture. 

Smith,  Ira  B.,  merchant,  was  born  June 
6,  1852,  in  Lake,  Dodge  county.  Wis.  He 
began  his  business  career  with  a  grocery 
firm ;  and  later  became  president  of  the  firm. 
He  is  president  of  the  Merchants'  and  manu- 
facturers' association;  and  president  of  the 
Wisconsin  wholesale  grocers'  association. 

Smith,  Isaac,  lawyer,  jurist,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1736  in  Trenton,  N.J.  In  1795- 
97  he  was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey 
to  the  fourth  congress ;  and  was  appointed  a 
commissioner  to  treaf  with  the  Seneca  In- 
dians. In  1777  he  was  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey.  He  died 
Aug.  29.  1807.  in  Trenton,  N.J. 

Smith,  Isaac,  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1813-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirteenth  congress. 

Smith,  Isaac  Townsend,  merchant,  banker, 
consul-general,  diplomat,  was  born  March  12, 
1813,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  settled  in  New 
York  City,  where  as  a  merchant  and  ship 
owner  he  conducted  business  for  several 
years.  He  was  an  incorporator  and  for 
twenty-five  years  president  of  the  Metropoli- 
tan savings  bank  ;  and  was  a  commissioner  of 
immigration  for  the  state  of  New  York  sev- 
eral years.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1864"Avhen  Abraham  Lincoln  was  re-elected. 
He  has  lectured  extensively  on  the  struggles 
of  the  early  settlers  for  American  independ- 
ence. For  over  half  a  century  he  has  been 
in  friendly  and  official  touch  with  Siam  as 
financial  agent,  consul  and  consul-general  to 
the  United  States,  which  latter  position  he 
still  fills.  He  joined  the  Union  league  of 
New  York  City  in  1864,  and  now  ranks  as 
the  oldest  man  in  that  club. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Isabel  E.,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  Ohio.  In  1895  she  married  Carl  F. 
Smith,  an  artist  of  Washington,  D.  C.  She 
has  painted  a  miniature  of  President  McKin- 
ley  on  the  brooch  daily  worn  by  Mrs.  Mc- 
Kinley  ;  a  miniature  of  Queen  Wilhelmina  of 
Holland  from  life;  a  miniature  of  Queen 
Victoria  ;  a  miniature  of  President  Faure  of 
France  :  and  miniatures  of  other  notables. 

Smith,  Israel,  lawyer,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  governor,  congressman,  was 
born  April  4,  1759.  in  Suoeld.  Conn.  He  was 
sent  to  the  Vermont  state  legislature  from 
Rutland ;  and  in  1791-97  and  1801-03  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  second,  third,  fourth 
and  seventh  congresses.  He  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ver- 
mont in  1797.  In  1803-07  he  was  United 
States  senator.  He  was  governor  of  Ver- 
mont in  1807-08.  He  died  Dec.  2.  1810.  in 
Rutland.  Vt. 

Smith,  Israel  Canton,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1839  in  :\ri(higan.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the 
civil  war:  and  attained  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general. He  was  iiromineut  in  the  pub- 
lic affairs  of  iNIichigan.  He  died  Nov.  27, 
1899,  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


249 


Smith,  J.  Allen,  educator,  autlior,  was 
born  May  5,  1860,  in  Pleasant  Hill,  Mo. 
Since  1897  be  has  been  professor  of  political 
economy  in  the  university  of  Washington. 
He  is  the  author  of  Multiple  Money  Stand- 
ard. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Jane  Luella  Dowd,  educator, 
author,  poet,  was  born  June  16,  1847,  in 
Sheffield,  Mass.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  she 
graduated  from  Westfield  normal  school. 
After  teaching  school  for  a  year,  she  en- 
tered the  ladies"  seminary  of  North  Gran- 
ville, N.Y.,  where  she  graduated  valedicto- 
rian of  the  class  of  1868.  She  attained  suc- 
cess in  educational  work;  was  principal  of 
the  South  Hampton  high  school,  SheHield 
high  school,  Stamford  high  school,  and  the 
South  Egremont  academy.  In  1875  she  was 
married  to  Dr.  H.  Hadlcy  Smith  of  Hudson. 
She  is  an  earnest  temperance  worker,  hold- 
ing important  positions  in  the  woman's  chris- 
tian temperance  union  and  in  the  woman 
suffrage  reforms.  She  is  the  author  of  three 
volumes  of  verse,  entitled  Wayside  Leaves; 
Wind  Flowers;  Flowers  From  Foreign 
Fields ;  and  a  strong  temperance  book,  en- 
titled Ways  to  Win. 

Smith,  J.  Moreau,  banker.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Rochester  trust  and  safe  deposit 
<  ompany  of  Rochester,  N.Y. ;  and  has  filled 
various  positions  of  trust  and  honor;  and  is 
a  member  of  several  noted  institutions. 

Smith,  Jackson  L.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Callaway  county,  Mo.  In  1877-81  be 
was  attorney-general ;  and  was  fish  commis- 
sioner in  1885-89.  In  1888  he  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Kansas  City  court  of  appeals ; 
and  in  1892  was  re-elected  for  a  full  term, 
which  position  he  still  fills. 

Smith,  Jacob,  educator,  public  official, 
jurist,  was  born  Oct.  26,  1868,  in  Bradley 
county,  Tenn.  He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  his  native  county;  attended 
Chatata  high  school ;  and  graduated  from  the 
IT.  S.  Grant  university  of  Athens,  Tenn.  In 
1889-1902  he  taught  school  ;  has  been  justice 
of  the  peace ;  and  in  1902-04  was  county 
judge  for  Bradley  county,  Tenn.  He  is  now 
county  court  clerk  for  Bradley  county,  Tenn. 
Smith,  Jacob  Hurd,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  29,  1840,  in  Jackson.  Ohio.  He  served 
in  the  civil  war  from  1861  to  its  close.  In 
1807-68  he  served  in  Indian  wars;  was  in 
the  S|)anisli-American  war;  and  served  in 
the  Philippine  war.  In  1000  he  was  made 
iiri<.fadier-Keneral  in  the  United  States 
jirniy:  an<l  in  PtOl  was  retired. 

Smith,  James>  soldier,  was  born  in  Now 
York.  In  1861  he  was  cnptain  in  the  ei};ht- 
ietli  regiment  New  York  infantry  :  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.    He  died  Dec.  5.  1869. 

Smith,  Jamos,  signer  of  the  declaration  of 
indcpcndt'Mce,  was  born  aliout  1720  in  Ire- 
land. On  the  apiiroach  of  the  revolutionary 
war  he  took  an  active  part  in  public  affairs; 
raised  a  company  and  commanded  it  in  the 
field  ;  was  made  a  colonel,  and  also  took  an 


active  part  in  raising  additional  troops.  In 
1776-78  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  continental 
congress  from  I'ennsylvania  ;  was  a  signer  of 
the  declaration  of  independence;  and  in  1780 
entered  the  state  legislature.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Constitutional  Power  of  Great 
liritain  over  the  Colonies  in  America,  which 
materially  aided  the  cause  of  the  patriots. 
He  died  July  11.  1806.  in  York.  Pa. 

Smith,  James,  inoncer,  author,  was  born 
in  1737  in  Franklin  county.  Pa.  He  was  a 
noted  Kentucky  pioneer.  He  was  the  author 
of  Sliakerism  Developed:  Shakerism  Detect- 
ed; Remarkable  Adventures  in  the  Life  of 
Colonel  James  Smith  ;  and  Mode  and  Man- 
ner of  Indian  War.  He  died  in  1812  in 
Wnshinuton  county.  Ky. 

Smith,  James,  manufacturer,  banker, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  June  12, 
1851.  in  Newark,  N.J.  He  is  one  of  the 
largest  manufacturers  in  the  world  of  patent 
and  erameled  leather.  In  1883-87  he  was 
alderman  of  Newark,  N.J. ;  and  declined  the 
nomination  for  mayor.  He  was  a  delegate  to 
the  national  democratic  convention  of  1884, 
1892  and  1896.  In  1893-99  ne  was  a  member 
of  the  United  States  senate.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Federal  trust  company  of  New- 
ark. N.J. 

Smith,  James  AUwood,  diplomat,  was 
born  Nov.  3,  1665,  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 
In  1891  he  was  manager  of  extensive  mar- 
ble property  in  Vermont.  In  1897-1907  he 
was  American  consul  at  Leghorn,  Italy; 
and  since  1907  has  been  consul-general  at 
J?oma.  Kongo  free  state. 

Smith,  James  Argyle,  soldier,  educator, 
public  odicial,  was  born  July  1,  1831.  Un- 
til IStil  he  served  on  the  western  frontier 
and  on  the  Pacific  coast.  He  then  resigned 
ai:d  entered  the  confederate  service  as  first 
lieutenant;  and  passed  through  all  grades 
until  ai)pointed  brigadier-general  in  1863. 
In  1878-86  he  was  state  superintendent  of 
education-  of  Mississippi;  in  1893-97  was 
in  the  United  States  Indian  service;  and 
was  uiarslial  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Mississippi.      He   died    in    1901    in   Jackson, 

?.T!SS. 

Smith,  James  Francis,  soldier,  governor, 
was  born  Jan.  28.  18.')'.),  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  He  was  educated  at  the  Santa  Clara 
college,  and  at  Hastings  law  school.  He 
attaint  d  success  in  the  practice  of  law.  In 
1898  he  was  colonel  first  California  volun- 
teer infantry;  in  1809  became  brigadier- 
general  United  States  volunteers:  and  the 
same  year  was  made  military  governor  of 
the  Island  of  Negros.  P.I.  In  lOOt)  he  was 
collector  of  customs  for  the  Philippine  Is- 
lands; and  in  1901  became  associate  jus- 
tec  of  the  sti|)rcme  court  of  the  Philip- 
pine Islands.  In  1003  he  was  secretary  of 
publi<'  in^lruction:  since  1906  has  been 
governor-general  of  the  Philippine  Is- 
lands. 

Smith,  James  Henry  Oliver,  clergynmn,  re- 
former, was  born   Dec.  27,  1857,  in  Waynes- 


250 


ville,    Ohio. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF 


BIOGRAPHY. 


In    1884    he    graduated    from 
Butler    university    as 


A.M. ; 
ceived 
degrees 
LL.D. 


was   pastor 
of    Chicago, 
nia   and   Texas; 
forms    to    benefit 


and     has     re- 
the     honorary 
of    D.D.    and 
In   1885-88  he 
was    state    evangelist 
of    the    Christian 
church      of      Indiana ; 
and    edited    the    Cen- 
tral     Christian.        In 
1888-95    he    was    pas- 
tor   of    the    Christian 
church     at     Valparair 
so,     Ind. ;     and     later 
of   the   Union   christian   church 
111.      He    lectured    in    Califor- 
and   was   interested   in   re- 
labor.      In    1893    he    was 


president  of  the  Christian  endeavor  union 
of  Indiana;  and  is  now  pastor  of  the  Chris- 
tian church  of  Oklahoma  City,  Okla. 

Smith,  James  Irwin,  clergyman,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  March  31,  1827, 
in  JMercer  county.  Pa.  In  1881-88  he  was 
pastor  at  Galesville,  Wis.  He  became  pro- 
fessor, and  then  president  of  Galesville  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  Parents'  Part 
With   Baptized   Children. 

Smith,  James  Madison  W.,  educator,  jour- 
nalist, jurist,  was  born  Jime  20,  1855,  in 
Celina,  Tenn.  He  received  a  thorough  edu- 
cation, and  attended  Mt.  Vale  academy.  He 
is  the  editor  and  owner  of  the  Southern 
Kecorder  of  Tompkinsville,  Ky. ;  has  been 
city  marshal,  police  judge,  and  filled  vari- 
ous other  public  positions  of  trust. 

Smith,  James  Milton,  soldier,  lawyer, 
governor,  was  born  Oct.  24,  1823,  in  Twiggs 
county,  CI  a.  He  entered  the  confederate 
army  in  18G1  as  major  in  the  thirteenth 
Georgia  regiment;  and  became  colonel  in 
18U2.  He  was  a  member  of  the  confed- 
erate congress  from  that  year  until  the 
close  of  the  civil  war.  He  served  in  the 
legislature  in  1871-72;  was  speaker,  and  in 
1872-77  was  the  twenty-eighth  governor  of 
Georgia.     He  died  Nov.  25,  1890  in  Georgia. 

Smith,  James  S.,  physician,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  Orange 
county,  N.C.  In  1817-21  he  was  a  repre- 
ser.tative  from  North  Carolina  to  the  fif- 
teenth and  sixteenth  congresses,  and  served 
in  the  legislature  of  North  Carolina  in 
1821.      He  died   in  North   Carolina. 

Smith,  James  Stewart,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  Norfolk,  Va.  Since  1875  he 
has  been  engaged  in  the  ministry;  and 
sinee  1891  has  been  rector  of  St.  Mary's 
church  at  Kansas  City,  Mo.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Prayers  for  the  Dead ;  Abiding 
Presence;  Prayers  for  the  Faithful;  Sym- 
bolism;   and  other  works. 

Smith,  James  Thomas,  soldier,  journalist, 
was  born  May  4,  1847,  in  Ireland.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  preparatory 
schools  of  Connecticut.  During  1861-65  he 
was   a    lieutenant   in   the  union   forces,   and 


AMERICAN 

up  to  1870  served  in  the  regular  army.  He 
has  been  city  clerk  and  city  auditor  of 
Denver,  Col.;  and  since  1876  has  been  sec- 
retary and  director  of  the  state  school  of 
mines.  He  has  also  been  editor  of  the 
Rocky   Mountain  News  since   1878. 

Sniith,  James  Tinker,  litterateur,  poet, 
was  born  in  1816,  in  St.  Mary's  Parish,  La. 
He  translated  into  English  the  Meditations 
of  Lamartine;  and  was  the  author  of  a 
vohnne  of  poems.  He  died  Aug.  10,  1854, 
in   E'ranklin,  La. 

Sniith,  James  Wheaton,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, vvas  born  June  26,  1823,  in  Provi- 
dence, R.I.  In  1853-70  he  was  pastor  of 
the  Spruce  street  baptist  church  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  a  Life  of 
John  P.  Crosier.  He  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Smith,  James  Youngs,  manufacttirer, 
state  legislator,  governor,  was  born  Sept. 
15,  1809,  in  Groton,  Conn.  In  1838  he 
vvas  a  cotton  manufacturer  in  Willimantic, 
Conn.,  and  at  \^'oonsocket,  R.I.  He  was 
afterward  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Rhode  Island  for  several  years.  He  was 
mavor  of  Providence  in  1855  and  1857 ; 
and  was  the  twenty-sixth  governor  of 
Rhode  Island' in  1863-66.  He  died  March 
26,    1876,   in   Providence.   R.I. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Jane  Luella  Dowd,  educator, 
antlior.    poet,    was    born    .lune    16,    1847,    in 


Shellield,    Mass.      At 


eighteen 


the  age  of 
she  graduated  from 
the  Westfield  normal 
school.  After  teach- 
ing school  for  a  year, 
she  entered  the  La- 
dies' s  e  m  i  n  a  r  y  of 
North  Granville,  New 
V  o  r  k,  where  she 
graduated  v  a  1  e  d  i  c- 
torian  of  the  class  in 
1868.  She  attained 
success  in  education- 
al work;  was  princi- 
pal of  the  South- 
am])co;i  high  school,  Shellield  high  school, 
Stamford  high  school,  and  the  South  Egre- 
mont  academy.  In  1875  she  was  married  to 
Dr  H.  Hadley  Smith  of  Hudson.  N.Y.  She 
is  an  earnest  temperance  worker,  holding 
important  positions  in  the  W\iman's  chris- 
tian temperance  union  and  \A'onian's  suf- 
frage reforms.  She  is  the  author  of  three 
voli:mes  of  poems,  entitled  Wayside 
Leaves;  Wind  Flowers;  Flowers  from  For- 
eign Fields;  and  one  prose  work.  Twelve 
Talks    Teaching   Temperance. 

Smith,  Jared  Augustine,  soldier,  Avas  born 
July  6,  1840,  in  Wilton,  INIaine.  In  1862-65 
he  served  in  the  civil  war;  and  since  the 
war  has  been  engaged  in  the  construction 
of  coast  and  harbor  defenses,  in  river  and 
harbor  improvements  and  as  light-house  en- 
gineer. He  is  a  retired  brigadier-general 
in  the  United  States  army. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Jeanie  Oliver,  author,  poet, 
was  born   in  Troy,  N.Y.     She  was  educated 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


251 


in  Troy,  N.Y.;  and  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland. 
She  married  Prof.  Horace  E.  Smith,  doan 
of  the  Albany  law  school,  who  died  in  1902. 
She  lived  a  number  of  years  in  Scotland; 
and  lias  contributed  extensively  to  British 
and  American  periodicals.  She  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Society  of  American  authors; 
and  now  resides  in  Johnstown,  N.Y.  She 
is  the  author  of  Day  Lilies,  a  volume  of 
poems;  Mayor  of  Kanemeta;  Donald  Moii- 
crief;  Story  of  Blackie;  and  various  other 
stories  and  poems. 

Smith,  Jedediah  K.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressnuiu,  was  boiu  in  1770  in  New  Hamp- 
shire. In  1807-09  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Hampshire  to  the  tenth  con- 
gress. He  held  the  office  of  judge  and  chief 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for 
Hillsborough  county  in  1810-14;  and  was 
also  a  state  councilor.  He  died  in  1828  in 
New   Hampshire. 

Smith,  Jeremiah,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1759,  in 
Teterborough,  N.H.  In  1791-99  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
second,  third,  fourth  and  fifth  congresses; 
and  was  one  of  the  last  survivors  of  the 
distinguished  men  who  participated  witli 
Wasliington  in  the  administration  of  the 
government.  He  was  the  fourth  governor 
of  New  Hampshire  in  1809-10;  served  as 
a  presidential  elector  in  1809;  and  was  for 
several  years  chief  justice  of  the  superior 
court  of  New  Hampshire.  He  died  Sept. 
21.   1842,  in  Dover,  N.H. 

Smith,  Jeremiah,  educator,  lawyer,  jurist. 
For  fifteen  years  he  was  professor  of  the 
Harvard  law  school ;  and  has  since  been 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Hamp- 
shire. 

Smith,  Jerome  Van  Crowninshield,  physi- 
cian, autlior.  was  born  -July  20,  1800,  in 
Conway,  N.H.  He  was  a  physician  of  Bos- 
ton, wliere  he  was  mayor  in  18.54;  and  sub- 
secpiently  practiced  nieilicine  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  the  author  of  Class  Book 
of  Anatomy;  Life  of  Andrew  Jackson;  Na- 
tural History  of  the  Fishes  of  Massachu- 
setts; l^ilgriinage  to  Palestine;  Turkey  and 
the  Turks:  and  The  Wavs  of  Women.  He 
ili.Ml  AiiLT.  21.  1879,  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Jesse  C,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  July  18,  1808,  in 
Butternuts.  N.Y.  He  was  surrogate  of 
Kings  county  in  18r)0-.5r);  and  state  sen- 
ator in  ]8(>2.  At  the  beginning  of  the  civil 
war  he  was  instrunu'iital  in  the  reorgan- 
ization of  the  national  guard;  and  in  form- 
ing the  one  hundred  ami  thirty-ninth  regi- 
ment of  New  York  volunteers.  He  com- 
manded the  eleventh  brigade  of  the  na- 
tioiial  truard  at  the  battle  of  Cettysburg. 
.After  the  civil  war  he  practiced  law  in 
Brooklyn;  and  became  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  covirt  of  New  York.  He  died  in 
l<t(t(».   in   Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Job  Lewis,  physician,  author,  was 
Im.iii  Oct.  1.').  1S27,  in'Spalford,  N.Y.  He 
was    a    professor    in    Bellevue    medical    col- 


lege; and  physician  to  the  New  York  char- 
ity hospital  and  the  New  York  foundling 
and  infant  asylums.  He  was  the  author  of 
a  Treatise  on  Diseases  of  Children.  He 
died  June   11,   1897,  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  John,  one  of  the  founders  of  Vir- 
ginia, was  born  in  1579  in  England.  He 
was  a  celebrated  sea  captain  and  adven- 
turer; was  one  of  the  founders  of  Virginia; 
and  of  the  company  which  settled  at 
Jamestown  in  1607.  In  1608-10  he  was 
colonial  governor  of  Virginia.  He  was  a 
forcible,  vigorous  writer,  much  given  to 
magnifying  his  own  exploits;  and  not  al- 
ways to  be  trusted  in  tlie  absence  of  other 
testimony.  He  was  the  author  of  A  True 
Relation  of  Virginia;  The  Cenerall  His- 
toric of  Virginia,  which  is  partly  original 
and  partly  compiled;  A  Map  of  Virginia, 
with  a  Description  of  the  Country;  A  De- 
scription of  New  England;  An  Accidence, 
or  Pathway  to  Experience;  A  Sea  Gram- 
mar; and  The  True  Travels  of  Captain 
Jolui  Smith.  He  died  in  1631  in  Virginia. 
Smith,  John,  colonial  governor.  In  1649- 
50  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Rhode  Is- 
land. 

Smith,  John,  merchant,  founder,  govern- 
ment official,  was  born  March  20,  1722,  in 
Burlington,  N.J.  He  was  one  of  the  foiuid- 
ers  of  the  Philadelphia  hospital.  In  1758 
he  became  a  member  of  the  governor's 
council.  In  1761  he  was  a  commissioner  to 
try  pirates.  He  died  March  26,  1771,  in 
Burlington,  N.J. 

Smith,  John,  United  States  senator,  was 
born  in  1735  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio.  In 
1803-09  he  was  United  States  senator  from 
Ohio.  He  was  a  warm  personal  friend  of 
Aaron  Burr,  and  though  for  a  time  sus-. 
pected,  was  in  reality  innocent  of  treason- 
able designs.  He  died  Juno  10,  1816,  in 
llaniilton   county,   Ohio. 

Smith,  John,  soldier,  congressman.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1752, 
near  Brookhaven,  N.Y.  He  was  a  general 
of  militia  in  New  York.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  slate  legislature  in  1784-99;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  which 
adopted  the  constitution.  In  1799-1805  he 
was  a  ri'pre.^entat  i\e  from  New  York  to 
the  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth  congresses. 
In  1803-13  he  was  United  States  senator; 
and  in  1813  was  appointed  Ihiited  States 
MKirslial  for  New  York.  He  died  Aug.  12, 
ISlC.   in    Uronkbaven,  N.Y. 

Smith,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  21.  1752.  in  Newbury,  Mass.  He  was 
a  congregal  ional  minister;  and  was  profes- 
sor of  languages  at  Dartmouth  college  and 
college  ]mstor  in  1778-1809;  as  well  as  li- 
brar'an  of  the  college  for  .some  thirty 
year-.  lie  was  the  author  of  Hebrew, 
(ireek  and  Latin  graninuirs,  as  well  as 
some  minor  publications.  He  died  April 
30.    1809,   in    Hanover,  N.H. 

Smith,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Virginia.  In  1801-15  he  was  a  representa- 
tive  from   Virginia   (o   the   seventh,   eighth, 


252 


HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBPARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ninth,  tenth,  eleventh,  twelfth  and  thir- 
teenth congresses.  He  died  March,  1836,  in 
Virginia. 

Smith,  John,  lawyer,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  14,  1789,  in 
Barre,  Mass.  He  moved  in  early  life  to  St. 
Albans,  Vt. ;  represented  St.  Albans  in  the 
legislature  for  nine  successive  years;  and 
was  state's  attorney  of  Franklin  county  in 
182G-32.  In  1831-33  he  was  speaker  in  the 
general  assembly.  In  1839-41  he  was  a 
representative  from  Vermont  to  the  twenty- 
sixth  congress.  He  died  Nov.  20,  1858,  in 
St.  Albans,  Vt. 

Smith,  John  A.,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  23,  1814,  in 
Hilisboi-ough,  Ohio.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Ohio  legislature  in  1841-42;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1851.  In  I8G9-73  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  forty-first  and 
forty-second  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
(lied  in   llillsltoro,  Ohio. 

Smith,  John  Addison  Baxter,  naval  oflTi- 
(■(M-,  v,;is  lioni  March  21,  1843,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  In  18G3  lie  entered  the  United  States 
navy  as  third  assistant  engineer;  and  served 
off  Charleston  during  the  civil  war.  Since 
1899  he  has  been  head  of  the  department  of 
steam  engineering  in  the  New  York  navy 
yard.  In  1905  he  was  retired  with  the  rank 
of  rear-admiral  and  appointed  general  in- 
spector of  the  bureau  of  steam  engineering. 

Smith,  John  Ambler,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  liorn  Sept.  23,  1817, 
near  Dinwiddle  Court  House,  Va.  In  1868 
he  was  appointed  commissioner  in  chancery 
of  the  courts  of  Richmond  ;  was  states  attor- 
ney of  Charles  City  and  New  Kent  counties 
for  one  year;  and  was  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1869.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  repi-e- 
sentative  from  Virginia  to  the  forty-third 
congress.  He  died  Jan.  6,  1892,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va. 

Smith,  John  Augustine,  physician,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1782. 
in  Westmoreland  county,  Va.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  William  and  Mary  college  in  1814- 
26 ;  then  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine 
in  New  York  City  ;  and  in  1831-43  was  presi- 
dent College  Physicians  and  Surgeons.  He 
was  the  author  of  Mutations  of  the  Earth  ; 
Moral  and  Physical  Science :  and  Functions 
of  the  Nervous  System.  He  died  Feb.  9, 
1865,  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  John  B.,  clergyman,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1836,  _  in 
Union  county,  Ind.  He  is  an  eminent  divine 
of  Crockett,  Texas  ;  and  vice-president  of  the 
first  national  bank  of  that  city.  He  was 
chaplain  of  the  nineteenth  regiment  Ohio 
volunteers  infantry  during  the  civil  war.  He 
has  been  president  of  the  Farmers'  college  ; 
and  president  of  the  Mary  Allen  seminary. 

Smith,  John  Bernhardt,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  21,  1858,  in  New  York.  In 
1898  he  was  state  entomologist  of  New  Jer- 
sey.    He   was   the   author  of  Economic   En- 


tomology for  the   Farmer  and   Fruit-grower. 
lie  died  March  12,  1912.  . 

Smith,  John  Blair,  clergyman,  college 
president,  was  born  June  12,  1756,  in  Pequea, 
I'a.  He  was  called  to  the  Third  presbyterian 
church  of  Philadelphia  in  1791 ;  and  thence 
to  the  presidency  of  Union  college  upon  its 
foundation  in  1795,  but  in  1799  returned  to 
his  former  charge  in  Philadelphia.  He  died 
Aug.   22,  1799,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Smith,  John  Butler,  manufacturer,  gover- 
nor, was  born  April  12,  1838.  in  Rocking- 
ham, Vt.  Since  1847  he  has  resided  chiefly 
in  Ilillsboro,  N.  H. ;  and  has  followed  his 
father's  business  of  woolen  manufacturing. 
He  is  now  president  and  chief  owner  of  the 
Contoocook  mills  company,  manufacturing 
knit  goods,  and  employing  two  hundred  and 
fifty  hands  and  having  stores  in  Boston  and 
New  York  for  the  sale  of  its  products.  He 
is  also  president  of  the  Hillsboro  guarantee 
savings  bank  ;  and  prominent  in  business  af- 
fairs. He  is  prominent  in  political  life;  was 
presidential  elector  in  1884  ;  in  1887-89  was  a 
member  of  the  governor's  council ;  and  in 
1890  chairman  state  central  committee.  In 
1893-95  he  was  governor  of  New  Hampshire. 
Smith,  John  Corson,  soldier,  lieutenant- 
governor,  author,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1832,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  served  in  the  civil  war 
from  private  soldier  to  brigadier-general.  He 
was  United  States  assessor  at  Galena,  ill. ; 
has  been  chief  grain  inspector  of  Chicago ; 
state  treasurer  of  Illinois;  and  filled  the  of- 
fice of  lieutenant-governor  of  the  state  of  Il- 
linois. He  has  made  three  trips  around  the 
world  ;  and  the  last  and  most  memorable  one 
was  in  1894-95  ;  and  at  every  point  in  the 
world  he  touched  he  met  brothers  of  the  Ma- 
sonic order.  He  is  the  past  grand  master 
and  past  grand  commander,  Illinois,  and 
honorary  grand  master  of  Egypt.  He  is  the 
author  of  History  of  Freemasonry  in  Illi- 
nois. 

Smith,  John  Cotton,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, governor,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1765, 
in  Sharon,  Conn.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Connecticut  state  senate  in  1793 ;  and  in 
1796-1800  was  a  member  of  the  lower  house. 
In  1799-1807  he  was  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  to  the  sixth,  seventh,  eighth  and 
ninth' congresses.  He  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1809 ;  was  again  a  member  of  the  sixth 
legislature  until  1809  ;  and  was  governor  of 
Connecticut  in  1813-18.  He  was  also  lieu- 
tenant-governor; and  judge  of  the  superior 
court.  He  died  Nov.  7,  1845,  in  Sharon, 
Conn. 

Smith,  John  Cotton,  diplomat,  legislator, 
was  born  in  1810.  in  Tivoli.  N.Y.  He  was 
elected  to  the  legislature  at  twenty-one  years 
of  age.  and  served  for  many  terms.  He  was 
an  active  member  of  the  Democratic  party; 
and  in  185G-60  was  United  States  minister 
to  Bolivia.  He  died  Nov.  21.  1879,  in  Shar- 
on. Conn. 

Smith,  John  Cotton,  clergynuin,  author, 
was  born   Aug.   4.   1826,   in   Andover,   Mass. 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


253 


He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  Now  York 
City  ;  and  rector  of  the  Church  of  the  ascen- 
sion in  1860-82.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Church's  Law  of  Development ;  Certain  As- 
pects of  tl'.e  Church  ;  Miscellanies  ;  Old  and 
New  :  and  The  Liturgy  as  a  Basis  of  Union. 
He  died  Jan.  9,  1882,  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  John  Day,  soldier,  lawyer,  lec- 
turer, state  senator,  author,  was  born  Feb. 
25.  1845.  iu  Litchfield,  Maine.  He  graduated 
from  Brown  university  and  from  Columbian 
university  law  school,  from  which  institu- 
tions he  has  received  the  degrees  of  A.  M. 
and  LL.  AI.  He  served  iu  the  civil  war  in 
comi)any  F.  nineteenth  regiment  Maine  vol- 
unteers; was  in  all  the  battles  of  the  army 
of  the  Potomac,  and  was  severely  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Petersburg  in  1864.  In  1880 
he  began  the  practice  of  iaw ;  and  has  at- 
tained success  in  his  profession  as  one  of  the 
foremost  lawyers  of  the  west  at  Minneapolis. 
Minn.  In  1889  he  became  a  member  of  the 
Minnesota  house  of  representatives ;  and  in 
1891-95  served  as  a  member  of  the  Minne- 
sota state  senate  as  an  independent  repub- 
lican. In  1881-86  he  was  lecturer  on  law  of 
torts  aud  criminal  law  in  the  Howard  uni- 
vei-sity  :  and  since  1888  has  been  lecturer  on 
American  constitutional  law  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Minnesota.  In  1893  he  was  com- 
mander of  the  Grand  army  of  the  republic 
for  the  dejiartment  of  Minnesota.  He  is  the 
author  of  Cases  on  Constitutional  Law;  and 
a  constant  cimlril)uror  to  law  literature. 

Smith,  John  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  Aug.  4.  1843.  in  Nelson,  N.Y. 
He  lias  been  district  attorney  and  assistant 
T'nited  States  attorney  of  northern  district 
of  New  York;  and  for  two  terms  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  state  senate.  lie 
is  now  county  judge  and  surrogate  of  Madi- 
son cuunty.  N.Y. 

Smith,  John  Eugene,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  3.  ISIG.  in  Switzerland.  In  1862  lie  be- 
came a  brigadier-general  of  volunteers;  sub- 
secpiently  served  in  the  United  States  army 
as  major-general:  and  in  1881  was  retired. 
He  died  Jan.  29.  1897.  in  Chica-.io.  III. 

Smith,  John  Gregory,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, governor,  was  born  July  22.  1818.  in  St. 
Alb.tns.  Vt.     In  1838  he  ;:raduated  from  the 

universitv  of  Ver- 
inont ;  and  subs  e- 
(juentl.v  from  the  New 
Haven  law  school.  He 
siicceedeil  his  brother 
Bf.,v4ftj-  "  ~'  ^ "^H  i^s  clnmcellor  in  1858; 
r    <1  '-  j4k^^    svas   a   member  of   the 

Vermont  state  senate 
in  1858-59:  and  was  a 
representative  in  the 
state  legislature  in 
1860-62.  He  was  the 
twenty^fourth  gover- 
nor of  N'eiinont  in 
an  active  stipporter  of  the 
:  the  civil  war.  In  1866  lie 
was  made  j)resident  of  the  North  Pacifi<'  rail- 
road.    He  died  Nov.  6,  1891. 


Smith,  John  Hyatt,  clergj'man,  congress- 
man, author,  was  born  April  10,  1824,  in 
Saratoga,  N.Y.  lie  was  a  prominent  bap- 
tist clergyman  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1881- 
83  he  was  a  representative  to  the  forty- 
sc\enth  congress.  He  was  the  author  of 
(Jilead:  and  The  Open  Door.  He  died  Dec. 
7.   188tj,   in   Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Smith,  John  Jay,  librarian,  author,  was 
l)oni  June  Iti,  1708,  in  Burlington  county, 
N,J.  He  was  a  librarian  of  Philadelphia; 
and  edited  many  works.  He  was  author  of 
Notes  for  a  History  of  the  Library  Com- 
pany of  Philadelphia;  A  Summer's  Jaunt 
Across  the  Water;  and  Historical  and  Lit- 
erary Curiosities.  He  died  Sept.  23,  1881, 
in    Philadelpliia,   Pa. 

Smith,  John  Henry,  statesman,  was  born 
Sept.  18,  1848,  in  Corbunca,  Iowa;  and 
was   the   son   of   Apostle    George   A.    Smith, 

who      was     the 


Y'oung 


councilloi 
ham 
he   was   a 
the    Utah 
a  n  d     in 
elected    a 


first 
to      B  rig- 
In   1882 
member   of 
legislature, 
1895      was 
member    of 


1863-65;  jmd  was 
union  cause  durim 


the  constitutional 
convention,  of  which 
body  he  was  unani- 
mously elected  presi- 
dent. For  over  tliir- 
ty  years  he  was 
prominently  identi- 
lied  with  the  religious  and  public  ail'airs 
of  riah.  He  contrii)uted  a  number  of  val- 
uable economic  articles  to  the  periodical 
press.  He  died  Oct.  13,  191 1,  in  Salt  Lake 
City,   Utah. 

Smith,  John  Lawrence,  chemist,  author, 
was  l.orn  Dec.  17,  ISIS,  near  Charleston, 
S,C.  He  was  a  chemist  of  note;  and 
was  professor  of  chemistry  in  tlie  univer- 
sity of  Louisville.  He  was  the  author  of 
Mineralogy  and  Chemistry,  original  re- 
searches."" lie  died  Oct.  12,'  1883,  in  Louis- 
ville.   Ky. 

Smith,  John  Lyman,  farmer,  clergyman, 
stiitesMian,  wa-;  born  Oct.  22,  IS')."),  in  Salt 
Lake  City,  Ctih.  He  was  one  of  (he  (irst 
settlers  of  southern  Idaho,  and  served  an 
honorable  term  in  the  third  session  of  the 
Idaho  legislature  during  1S!M  !•.">.  He  was 
successful  in  carrying  through  a  bill  pro- 
viiTng  an  api)roprJali()n  for  an  eastern  por- 
lion  of  the  State  normal,  which  is  now  one 
of  the  linest  buildings  in  easti'ni  Idaho, 
lie  was  the  means  of  having  an  academy 
in  Oakley;  is  now  su]>erintcndiiig  (he  luiihi- 
ing  of  a  tabernacle;  and  is  aii  acting 
bishop    in    the    nimnion    churc'h. 

Smith,  John  M.  C,  congressnum,  was  burn 
in  Ireland  in  isr)3.  lie  is  president  of  the 
Kiisl  nation  il  bank  of  ('harlo(t<'.  having 
held  (he  |)osition  since  ISilS;  iiiid  was  a 
mai'Uf.iclnrer  for  twelve  years,  and  is  now 
laiL'cly  engaged  in  farming  and  stock  rais- 
ing,     lie  has  been   prosecuting  attorney,  al- 


254 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


derman  and  a  member  of  the  Michigan  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1908.  In  1911-15 
he  was  a,  representatixe  from  Michigan  to 
the  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses. 
Smith,  John  Montgomery,  educator,  laxy- 
yei,  statesman,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1834,  in 
Bedford  Springs,  Pa.  In  1838  he  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Wisconsin,  setUing  in 
Mineral  Point.  He  there  received  his  edu- 
cation, studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1802.  In  1804  he  was  superin- 
tendent of  schools,  district  attorney  of 
Iowa  county  in  1808-70;  mayor  of  Mineral 
Point  in  1879,  1880  and  1885.  He  was  a 
delegate  to  the  democratic  naticmal  conven- 
tions of  1880  and  1888;  was  city  attorney 
in  1891-92;  a  member  of  the  county  board 
in  1892;  presidential  elector  in  the  same 
year,  and  was  also  elected  a  member  of  the 
assemblv  of  the  .Wisconsin  state  legislature 
in    1892'. 

Smith,  John,  Quincy,  farmer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1824, 
in  Warren  county,  Ohio.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Ohio  state  senate  in  1800  and  1872; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1802-63.  In  1873-75  he 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  for- 
ty-third congress  as  a  republican;  in  ^1875 
was  appointed  commissioner  of  Indian  af- 
fairs; and  subsequently  was  one  of  the  tirst 
managers  of  the  Ohio  reformatory  at  Mans- 
ticld.   Ohio. 

Smith,  John  Spear,  Avas  born  about  1790 
in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Internal  improvement  convention  of 
Maryland  in  1825;  and  upon  the  formation 
of  the  Maryland  historical  society  in  1844 
was  made  its  first  president,  which  post 
ne  held  until  his  death.  He  was  at  one 
time  judge  of  the  orphans'  court;  and  in 
1833  wa^T  a  presidential  elector.  He  died 
Nov.    17.    ISOf).   in   Baltimore,   Md. 

Smith,  John  Speed,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  July  31,  1792,  in  Jessamine  coun- 
ty. Ky.  He  served  as  a  soldier  under  Gen- 
eral Harrison;  was  at  the  battle  of  Tippe- 
canoe; and  was  aide  to  the  same  general  at 
the  battle  of  the  Tliames  in  1813.-  In  1819 
he  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of  Ken- 
tucky. In  1821-23  he  was  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  to  the  seventeenth  con- 
gress; and  in"  1827  was  again  elected  to 
the  state  legislature,  and  was  made  speaker 
of  the  house.  He  subsequently  served  sev- 
eral terms  both  in  the  house  and  state  sen- 
ate; and  was  api^ointed  United  States  at- 
torney for  the  district  of  Kentucky.  He 
was  superintendent  of  public  works  in  Ken- 
tucky for  several  years.  He  died  June  0, 
|8.")4'.   in   Madison   cotmty,   Ky. 

Smith,  John  T.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1843-45  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
twenty-eighth  congress.  He  died  in  Penn- 
syl\  iinia. 

'  Smith,    John    Talbot,    clergyman,    author, 
was  born  Sept.  22,  1855,  in  Saratoga,  N.Y. 


He  is  a  Roman  catholic  clergyman;  and 
in  1889-92  edited  the  Kew  York  Catholic 
Keview.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
Ogdensburg  Diocese;  A  Woman  of  Culture, 
a  novel ;  Solitary  Island,  a  novel ;  Prairie 
Boy,  a  juvenile  tale;  Our  Seminaries,  an 
essay  on  Clerical  Training;  and  History  of 
Catholics  in  New  York. 

Smith,  John  Walter,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, governor,  was  born  Feb.  5,  1845, 
in  Snow  Hill,  Md.  In  1889-99  he  was  a 
member;  and  in  1894  was  president  of  the 
Maryland  state  senate.  In  1895  he  was 
chairman  of  the  state  democratic  commit- 
tee; and  in  1890  was  a  nominee  for  United 
States  senator.  In  1899-1901  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Maryland  to  the  fifty- 
sixth  congress.  In  1900-04  he  was  gover- 
nor of  the  state  of  Maryland.  In  1909  he 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  senate  for 
the  term  ending  in   1915. 

Smith,  Jonathan  Bayard,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  21,  1742,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  In  1777-78  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  was  a  signer  of  the  articles  of  confed- 
eration. He  (lied  June  16,  1812,  in  Phila- 
delphia,   Pa. 

Smith,  Joseph,  naval  officer,  was  born 
March  2,  1790,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  served 
in  the  civil  war;  and  in  1802  attained  the 
rank  of  rear-admiral.  He  was  chief  of 
bureau  of  lands  and  docks.  He  died  Jan. 
17.    1877,   in   Wasliington,   D.C. 

Smith,  Joseph,  clergyman,  author,  was 
b«  rn  .July  lo,  1790,  in  Westmoreland  coun- 
ty, Pa.  He  was  a  noted  presbyterian  cler- 
gyman in  western  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
the  author  of  History  of  Jefferson  college; 
and  Old  Redstone,  or  Historical  Sketches 
of  Western  Presbyterianism.  He  died  Dec. 
4,   1868,  in  Greensburg,"  Pa. 

Smith,  Joseph,  founder  of  the  mormon 
sect,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1805,  in  Sharon,  Vt. 
After  failing  to  start  a  colony  of  his  sect 
in  Ohio  and  Missouri,  he  at  last  settled 
in  Nauvoo,  111.  But  this  failed  as  all  others 
had,  on  account  of  the  opposition  of  the 
people  to  the  peculiar  doctrines  of  the 
mormons.  Joseph  and  his  brother  being 
confined  in  jail,  were  surrounded  by  a  mob 
and  both  ki'Ued  June  27,  1844,  in  Carfliage, 
111. 

Smith,  Joseph,  editor,  clergyman,  was 
born  Nov.  6,  1832,  in  Kirtland,  Ohio.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  at 
Nauvoo,  111.  For  one  term  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  trustees  of  Piano,  111.; 
and  served  four  terms  as  a  member  of  the 
board.  Since  1860  he  has  been  editor-in- 
chief  of  the  Saints'  Herald;  and  also  since 
1800  has  been  president  of  the  reorganized 
cliiu-ch  of  Jesus  Christ  of  latterday  saints. 
Smith,  Joseph,  soldier,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1853,  in  Dublin,  Ireland. 
In  1873-78  he  was  in  the  United  States 
cavalry  service  in  New  Mexico,  Arizona 
and    Texas.      In    1892    he    established    and 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


255 


edited  the  Sunday  Arena  of  Lowell,  Mass.; 
and  is  now  associate  editor  of  the  Bos- 
ton Traveler.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Scotch-Irish. 

Smith,  Joseph  Adams,  naval  ollicer,  was 
born  Sept.  1,  1S37,  in  Machias,  Maine.  In 
1861  he  was  appointed  assistant  paymaster; 
and  in  1800-07  was  paymaster  of  a  fleet  of 
the  gulf  squadron.  In  1879  he  was  pro- 
moted pay  inspector;  and  in  1891  was  pro- 
moted pay  director.  In  1899  he  was  re- 
tired with  the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 

Smith,  Joseph  Edward  Adams,  Godfrey 
Greylock,  author,  was  born  in  1822.  He  was 
file  autlior  of  Taghsonic,  the  Romance  and 
Beautv  of  the  Hills;  and  A  History  of 
Paper.'  He  died  in  1890.  in  Pittslield,  j\Iass. 
Smith,  Joseph  Fielding,  journalist,  clor- 
pvman,  legislator,  was  born  Nov.  13,  1838, 
in    Far    West,   Mo.     He   drove   an   ox-team 

in  the  exodus  of  1846; 
and  in  1848  drove  an 
ox-team  to  Salt  Lake 
City  valley.  In  1854-.58 
he  was  a  missionary  to 
the  Sandwich  Islands. 
In  1858-59  was  a  ser- 
geant-in-arms  in  the 
Utah  legislature.  In 
1860-63,  1874-75  and 
1877  he  was  a  mis- 
sionary to  Great  Bri- 
tain, and  the  Sand- 
wich Islands.  In 
1806  he  was  ordained  an  apostle;  in  1880- 
1901  was  second  counselor  in  the  first 
presidency  of  the  church;  and  since  1900 
has  been  president  of  the  church  of  Jesus 
Christ  of  latterday  saints.  He  has  been 
a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Salt  Lake 
City;  and  in  1882  was  a  member  of  Utah 
legislature.  He  is  president  of  Zion's  co- 
operative mercantile  institution;  president 
of  the  State  bank  of  Utah;  president  of 
Zion's  savings  bank  and  trust  company; 
president  of  the  Utah  sugar  company;  and 
president  of  the  Consolidated  wagon  and 
machine  company.  He  is  senior  editor 
of  the  Juvenile  Instructor;  and  editor  of 
the   Improvement  Era. 

Smith,  Joseph  Lee,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  May  28,  1770,  in  New  Britain,  Conn. 
Having  Jiecoine  a  resident  <>f  Florida,  lie 
was  appointed  United  States  district  judge 
for  that  territory,  serving  as  such  until 
1832.  He  died  ^May  27.  184G,  in  St.  Augus- 
tin«'.   Fla. 

Smith,  Joseph  Lee  Kirby,  soldier,  was 
born  in  1.^30,  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
brevotted  major,  United  States  army,  for 
the  capture  of  Island  No.  10,  April  7,  1862; 
served  on  the  expedition  to  Fort  Pillow; 
fought  at  the  siege  of  Corinth  in  May  of 
that  year,  and  was  brevetted  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  United  States  army  for  re- 
pelling a  confederate  sortie  from  that  city. 
He  was  mortally  wounded  at  Corintli  while 
charging   "front    forward"   to    repel    a    des- 


l)erate  atack  on  Battery  Robinett.    He  died 
Oct.  12,  1862,  in  Corinth,  Miss. 

Smith,  Joseph  Lindon,  painter,  artist,  was 
boiii  Oct.  11.  1803,  in  Pawtucket,  RJ. 
He  e.xecuted  tlie  mural  decorations  in  the 
I'ublic  library  of  Boston,  Mass.;  and  exe- 
tuted  the  mural  decorations  on  the  exterior 
of  tlie  horticultural  hall  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Smith,  Joseph  Mather,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Mareli  14,  1789,  in  New  Rochelle, 
X.Y.  In  1S26-0G  he  was  a  professor  in  the 
New  York  college  of  physicians  and  sur- 
geons. He  was  the  autlior  of  Elements  of 
tlie  Etiology  and  Philosophy  of  Epidemics; 
and  Illustrations  of  Medical  Phenomena  in 
l'ul)lie  Life.  He  died  April  22,  1800,  in  New 
York    City. 

Smith,  Joseph  Otis,  journalist,  soldier,  leg- 
is-lator,  author,  was  born  April  24,  1839, 
in  Weston.  Elaine.  He  was  a  lieutenant  in 
the  Union  army  in  1805.  He  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Maine  house  of  representa- 
tives: and  was  secretary  of  state.  He  is 
the  author  of  an  essay,  The  Practical  and 
I'.thical   in  -Journalism. 

Smith,  Joseph  Rowe,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  8.  1S()2.  in  Stillwater,  N.Y.  During 
the  Mexican  war  he  was  brevetted  major 
and  lieutenant-colonel.  He  became  chief 
mustering  ofTicer  of  Michigan  in  1802; 
military  eommissary  of  nnisters  in  1803; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general, 
United  States  army,  for  long  and  honorable 
service.     He  died  Sept.  3,  1868,  in  Monroe, 

:\nch. 

Smith,  Joseph  Rowe,  soldier,  surgeon,  was 
born  April  18.  1831,  in  Madison  Barracks, 
N.Y.  In  1847  he  was  engaged  as  a  civil 
engineer;  in  1850  laid  out  the  boundary 
line  between  the  Creeks  and  Cherokee  In- 
dian tribes;  and  in  1851  laid  out  territorial 
roads  in  Minnesota.  In  1854-58  he  served 
in  the  United  States  army  on  expeditions 
against  hostile  Indians  in  Texas;  and  served 
on  a  Utah  expedition.  In  1862-63  he  was 
acting  surgeon-general  in  the  United  States 
army.  After  the  war  he  served  as  medical 
ofTieer  and  reached  the  rank  of  colonel. 
In  1904  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
in  the  Ignited  States  armj'.  He  died  about 
1909. 

Smith,  Joseph  Russell,  educator,  writer, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1874,  in  Lincoln, 
Va.  In  1899-1901  he  assisted  the  Isth- 
mian canal  commission  of  Washington  with 
economic  investigations.  Since  1903  he  has 
been  instructcu-  of  economic  geography  in 
the  Wharton  school  of  finance  and  com- 
merce in  the  university  of  Pennsylvania; 
and  in  1906  became  assistant  professor  of 
geography  ami  industry.  He  is  the  autlior 
of  The  Organization  of  Ocean  Commerce; 
and   other    works. 

Smith,  Joseph  S.,  lawyer  manufacturer, 
congressman,  was  born  June  20,  1824.  in 
Fayette  county.  Pa.  He  moved  to  Oregon 
and    then    to    Washington    territory.      He 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY 


was  made  prosecuting  attorney;  and  was 
elected  to  the  territorial  legislature,  'and 
made  speaker  in  1857.  In  1869-71  he  was 
a  representative  from  Oregon  to  the  forty- 
first  congress. 

Smith,  Joseph  Sewall,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Maine.  In  1861  he  was  quartermaster 
sergeant  in  the  third  regiment  Maine  infan- 
try; and  in  1864  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  In  1892  he  was 
awarded  a  medal  of  honor  for  having  led 
part  of  the  brigade  and  saved  two  pieces 
of  artillery,  captured  a  flag,  and  secured 
a  number  of  prisoners  at  Hatcher's  Run, 
Va. 

Smith,  Joshua  Hett,  lawyer,  was  born  in 
1736,  in  Ne\y  York  City.  During  the  revo- 
lution he  was  a  tory  in  politics,  and  in 
Benedict  Arnold's  treason  in  1780  figured 
as  his  tool  or  accomplice.  He  went  to  Eng- 
land at  the  close  of  the  war,  but  subse- 
quently returned  to  the  United  States. 
He  was  tlie  author  of  An  Authentic  Nar- 
rative of  the  Causes  that  led  to  the  Death 
of  Major  Andre.  He  died  in  1818,  in  New 
York   Civ. 

Smith,  Josiah,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1745,  in  Pembroke,  Mass.  In  1901-03  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 
to  the  seventh  congress.  He  died  in  March, 
1803,  in  ^lassachusetts. 

Smith,  Josiah  Torrey,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  4,  1815,  in  Williamsport. 
IMass.  He  has  been  pastor  successively  of 
Baptist  churches  in  Lanesborough,  Sandis- 
field,  Hinsdale  and  Amherst,  Mass.,  and  in 
Woodstock,  Conn.,  and  in  Warwick,  R.I. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Scriptural  and 
Historical  Arguments  for  Infant  Baptism 
Examined.  He  died  about  1900,  in  War- 
wick, R.I. 

Smith,  Judson,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  28,  1837,  in  Middlefield, 
Mass.  In  1866-70  he  was  professor  of  Latin 
in  Oberlin;  and  in  1870-84  he  was  pro- 
fessor ecclesiastical  history  in  Oberlin  the- 
ological seminary.  He  was  secretary  of 
the  American  board  of  commissioners  for 
foreign  missions.'  He  was  the  author  ot 
Lectures  in  Church  History;  Lectures  on 
Modern  History;  and  History  of  Doctrine. 
He   died   in    190(i,   in    Roxbury,   Mass. 

Smith,  Julia  Evalina,  reformer,  was  born 
I\Iay  27,  1792,  in  (Glastonbury,  Conn.  She 
became  known  throughout  tlie  country  as 
one  of  the  five  Glastonbury  sisters,  who 
resisted  the  payment  of  taxes  because 
they  Avere  denied  suffrage,  and  submitted 
to  the  sale  of  their  property  by  the  town 
autlioiitics  rather  than  obey  tlic  law.  She 
died  ^larcli  6.  1886,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Smith,  Julias,  clergyman,  missionary,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  9,  1857,  near  Savannnli. 
Mo.  In  1884  he  became  a  clergyman  of 
the  nicthodist  episcopal  church;  and  since 
1890  has  been  a  missionary  to  Burniah.  He 
is  the  author  of  Ten  Years  in  Burmah. 


Smith,  Junius,  pioneer  of  ocean  steam 
navigation,  was  born  Oct.  2,  1780,  in  Ply- 
n  outh,  Mass.  He  began  the  project  of  navi- 
gating the  Atlantic  ocean  with  steamships 
in  1832;  ijublished  a  prospectus  of  the  en- 
terprise in  1835;  in  1886  established  the 
British  and  American  steam  navigation 
company;  and  in  the  spring  of  1838  proved 
tlie  feasibility  of  the  scheme  by  the  cross- 
ing of  the  steamer  Sirius.  He  died  Jan. 
23,    1853,   in   Astoria,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Justin  Almerin,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  29,  1819,  in  Ticonderoga, 
X.Y.  He  was  a  baptist  clergyman  of  Chi- 
cago; and  editor  of  The  Standard  in  1852- 
96.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Martyr  of 
N'ilvorde;  Sinclair  Thompson,  the  Shetland 
Apostle;  The  Spirit  in  the  Word;  Modern 
Church  History;  and  Patmos.  He  died  Feb. 
4,  1896,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Smith,  Justin  Harvey,  publisher,  educator, 
traveler,  author,  was  born  Jan.  13,  1857,  in 
Boscawen,  N.H.  Until  1898  he  was  a 
member  of  the  publishing  firm  of  Ginn 
and  company;  and  in  charge  of  editorial 
work.  He  has  been  an  extensive  traveler 
in  foreign  countries;  and  since  1899  has 
been  professor  of  modern  history  at  Dart- 
mouth college.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Troubadours  at  Home,  in  two  volumes; 
Arnold's  March  to  Quebec;  and  Our  Strug- 
gle for  the  Fourteenth  Colony;  Canada  and 
tlie   Revolution. 

Smith,  Kirby,  soldier.  He  was  a  distin- 
guisiied  soldier  during  the  civil  war  in  tlie 
confederate  service;  and  served  as  a  general 
in    1862   until   his   svirrender   in    1865. 

Smith,  Langdon,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  4,  1858,  in  Kentucky.  He  went 
to  Cuba  for  the  New  York  Herald  when 
Ihe  Spanish-American  war  broke  out  in 
1898;  and  was  on  the  hill  with  the  marines 
at  Guantanamo;  and  at  the  battles  of  El 
Caney  and  San  Juan.  He  was  the  author 
of  On  the  Pan  Handle;  and  also  several 
short  stories.  He  died  April  8,  1908,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Lee  Stewart,  soldier,  merchant, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  April  24,  1844,  in 
Cadiz,  Ohio.    During  the  civil  war  he  served 

in  the  first  Pennsyl- 
vania artillery ;  and 
lias  been  adjutant- 
general  second  brig- 
ade in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania national  guard; 
and  major  of  tlie 
fourteenth  infantry. 
He  has  traveled  ex- 
tensively in  foregn 
countries;  and  has 
lectured  on  subjects 
of  travel.  He  is  the 
author  of  Through 
lOgypt  to  Palestine:  and  Around  the  World 
Toward   tlie  Westering  Icon. 

Smith,  Lewis,  governor,  was  born  in  1827. 
He  was  governor  of  Louisiana.  He  died 
ill    1899,   in   Louisiana. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  IvIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


25' 


Smith,  Lewis  Worthington,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  22,  1806,  in  Malta,  111. 
He  was  a  studont  at  Beloit  college;  studied 

at  Fairfield  college  of 
Nebraska,  where  he 
received  the  degree  of 
Ph.B.;  and  was  also 
a  student  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Nebraska. 
In  1907  he  received 
the  honorary  degree 
of  A.M.  from  Cotner 
university  of  Nebras- 
ka. After  his  gradu- 
ation he  was  a  high 
school  and  college 
teacher  in  Nebraska. 
In  1S1)!)-1U02  he  was  professor  of  Englisli 
at  Tabor  college  of  Iowa;  in  1899-1902  he 
was  on  the  reviewing  staff  of  the  Dial; 
and  since  1902  has  been  professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  Drake  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Modern  Composition  and  Rhe- 
toric; God's  Sunlight;  The  Writing  of  the 
Sliort   Story:    and   In  the  Furrow. 

Smith,  Lloyd  Pearsall,  librarian,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  6,  1822,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  became  hereditary  assistant  and 
treasurer  in  the  Philadelphia  and  Loganian 
library:  and  in  18.il  succeeded  his  father  as 
librarian.  He  edited  Lippincott's  magazine 
in  18C8-70.  He  was  the  autlior  of  Report 
to  the  Contributors  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Relief  Association  for  East  Tennessee  of 
a  Commission  of  the  Executive  Committee 
Sent  to  Examine  that  Region;  Remarks  on 
the  Existing  ^Materials  for  Forming  a  Just 
Estimate  of  Napoleon  I;  Remarks  on  the 
Ajjology  for  Imperial  Usufpation  Contained 
in  Napoleon's  Life  of  Caesar;  Address  De- 
livered at  Haverford  College  Before  the 
Alumni;  and  Symbolism  and  Science.  He 
died  -luly  2,  1886,  in  Germantown,  Pa. 

Smith,  Lucas  F.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1844,  in  Wells  county,  Ind. 
During  the  civil  war  lie  served  as  a  private 
in  the  Union  army;  and  was  captain  of  a 
company  of  rangers  in  the  Indian  war  of 
187.5.  He  has  served  as  county  attorney 
of  Fannin  county,  Texas;  was  district  at- 
torney for  the  eleventh  judicial  district 
of  Texas;  and  served  as  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  of  New  Mexico.  He  is  now 
suix'rior  jud-re  of  Santa  Cruz  county,  Cal. 

Smith,  Lucius  Edwin,  <'ducator.  author, 
was  born  -Ian.  29.  1822, 
Ma.s.s.  In  lSfi8-7.')  he  was 
the  New  York  Examiner 
<ame  eilitor  of  the  Wat( 
which  journal  since  1881 
associate  editor.  Besides  contributing  nu- 
merous articles  to  perioflicals  he  has  edited 
Heroes  and  Martyr.s  of  the  Modern  Mis- 
fionary  Enterprise.  He  died  about  19(t(t. 
in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Luke,  soldier,  was  horn  Feb.  22, 
181.'{.  in  Acton.  Alass.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of   tlie   Bunker  Hill   historical   so- 


in   Williamstown, 

literary  editor  of 

In    1877   he  bc- 

liman,  Boston,  of 
he   has   remained 


ciety,  and  its  first  president.  His  father, 
Solomon  Smith,  having  participated  in  the 
revolutionary  war.  During  the  civil  war, 
Captain  Luke  Smith  served  in  the  Old 
Sixth  regiment.  He  died  Dec.  16,  1899,  in 
Acton,  Mass. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Lura  Eugenie  Brown,  journal- 
i.st,  author,  was  born  June  23,  1854,  in 
Rochester,  N.Y.  In  1883  she  edited  the 
Arkansas  Life.  She  is  the  author  of  Auto- 
crat of  Arkansas;  and  On  the  Track  and 
Off  the  Train;  and  is  part  author  of  Vic- 
tory's  Divorcement. 

Smith,  Lyman  Cornelius,  manufacturer, 
banker,  inventor,  capitalist,  was  born  March 
31,  1850,  in  Torrington,  Conn.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  common 
and  state  normal 
schools;  and  in  1872 
he  moved  to  New 
York  where  he  man- 
aged a  live  stock 
commission  house.  In 
1875  he  engaged  in 
the  lumber  business 
in  Syracuse,  N.Y.; 
and  in  1877-90  manu- 
factured breech-load- 
ing fire-arms.  In 
1886  he  began  manu- 
facturing typewriters;  and  in  1890  organ- 
ized the  Smith  Premier  typewriter  com- 
pany, of  which  he  was  president.  He  sold 
cut  to  the  Union  typewriter  company;  and 
in  1903  organized  the  L.  C.  Smith  and 
Brothers  typewriter  company.  He  is  pres- 
ident of  the  National  bank  of  Syracuse., 
N.Y. :  president  of  the  Rochester,  Syracuse 
and  Eastern  railroad  company;  and  has 
other   large  business   interests. 

Smith,  Lyndon  Ambrose,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  July  15,  1854,  in  Boscawen.  N.H. 
In  1899-190.3  he  was  lieutenant-governor  of 
.MiniK'sota.  In  1889-90  and  since  1903  he 
has  been  prosecuting  attorney  for  Chip- 
pewa county,  ^linn.  He  is  the  author  of 
Recent  School  Law  Decisions. 

Smith,  Madison  Roswell,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  9,  1850,  in  Glen  Allen, 
>Io.  In  1871  he  graduated  from  Central 
college  of  Fayette,  ilo.;  and  in  1874  was 
admitted  to  the  practice  of  law;  in  1879- 
81  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  of  Bollinger 
county.  Mo.;  and  in  1887-91  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Missouri  state  senate.  In 
19)11 -(14  he  was  reporter  of  the  St.  Louis 
court  of  ajijieals;  and  in  1890  was  a  candi- 
date for  judge  of  the  St.  Louis  court  of 
appeals.  In  1907-11  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Missouri  to  the  si.xtieth  and 
.';ixty  lirst   congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Smith,  Marcus,  actor,  was  born  Jan.  7, 
1S29.  in  New  Orleans.  La.  He  connecteil 
liiiiisclf  with  Wallaek's  theatre  of  New 
York  City,  where  he  became  widely  pojiular, 
subsequently  playing  successful  star  en- 
gagements in  the  |»rincij)al  cities  of  Amer- 
ica.     When    Eilwin    Booth    opt-ned    his    the- 


258 


HBRRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


atre  in  New  York  City  in  1869,  Mr.  Smith 
became  his  manager;  and  was  a  member  of 
his  company  for  several  years.  He  died 
Aug.   11,   1874,  in  Paris,  France. 

Smith,  Marcus  Aurelius,  hiwyer,  congress- 
man. United  States  senator,  was  born  Jan. 
24,  1852,  near  Cynthiana,  Ky.  He  moved 
to  Arizona  in  1881,  and  the  following  year 
was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  his 
district.  In  1889-95,  1897-99,  1901-03  and 
1905-09  he  was  a  territorial  delegate  to  the 
fifty-first,  fifty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty- 
fiftii,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  Since  1912  he 
has  been  United  States  senator  from  Ari- 
zona. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Margaret  Bayard,  author, 
was  born  in  1778,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She 
was  a  social  leader  in  Washington,  D.C. 
She  was  the  author  of  A  Winter  in  Wash- 
ington, in  two  volumes;  and  What  Is  Gen- 
tility? She  died  in  1844,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Smith,  Margaret  Vowell,  writer,  author, 
A\as  born  :March  2,  1839,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 
She  is  an  historian  of  Alexandria,  Va.  She 
is  the  author  of  Virginia  in  1492-1892;  and 
Notes  on  the  History  of  the  Constitution 
(if  Virginia. 

Smith,  Marion  Couthouy,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Oct.  22,  1853,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
She  is  on  the  staff  of  the  East  Orange 
Gazette  of  New  Jersey;  and  is  a  contribu- 
tor to  leading  magazines  of  poems,  short 
stories  and  articles,  and  a  serial,  A  Work- 
ing Woman.  She  is  the  author  of  Doctor 
Tslarks,  Socialist;  and  The  Electric  Spirit; 
and   other   poems. 

Smith,  Mark,  actor,  was  born  in  1855,  in 
Mobile,  Ala.  He  was  a  Avell-kown  actor 
of  the  United  States;  and  has  appeared  in 
various  plays  in  the  principal  cities  of 
America. 

Smith,  Martin  Luther,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1819,  in  New  York  City.  He  entered 
ilie  confederate  service;  became  a  briga- 
dier-general; commanded  a  brigade  in  dc- 
lense  of  New  Orleans;  was  at  the  head  of 
the  engineer  corps  of  the  army;  and  planned 
and  constructed  the  defenses  of  Vicksburg, 
where  he  was  taken  prisoner.  He  subse- 
quently attained  the  rank  of  major-gen- 
iral.  After  the  civil  war  he  became  chief 
engineer  of  the  Selma,  Rome  and  Dayton 
lailroad.  He  died  July  29,  1866,  in  Rome, 
Ga. 

Smith,  Martin  Snyder,  banker,  railroad 
jresidcnt,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1834,  in  Lima, 
N.Y.  He  was  president  of  the  Manistique 
railway  company;  president  of  the  Ameri- 
can exchange  national  bank;  president  of 
the  .Michigan  condensed  milk  company;  and 
in  1872-88  was  police  commissioner.  He 
died  about  1899,  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Smith,  Mary,  artist,  philanthropist,  was 
born  in  1842,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  be- 
came remarkable  for  her  paintings  of  little 
'■.hickens   and   small   animals   of   the   woods. 


^he  left  a  volume  of  one  hundred  finely 
drawn  and  colored  insects  of  eastern  Penn- 
sylvania. She  also  gave  to  the  Pennsyl- 
vania academy  of  fine  arts  a  perpetual  gift 
for  an  animal  prize  to  ladies  for  the  best 
jiainting,  which  has  done  much  good  dur- 
ing the  past  twenty  years.  She  died  in 
1878,  in  Pennsylvania. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Mary  Louise  Riley,  author, 
poet,  was  born  May  27,  1842,  in  Brighton, 
N\Y.  She  is  the  author  of  Sometime,  and 
Other  Poems;  The  Inn  of  Rest;  A  Gift 
of  Gentians,  and  Other  Verses;  and  Cradle 
and  Armchair. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Mary  Prudence  Wells,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  23,  1840,  in  Attica, 
N.Y.  She  is  a  writer  for  young  people; 
for  fourteen  years  she  was  president  of 
the  Unitarian  woman's  alliance  of  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio;  and  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Cincinnati  woman's  club.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Browns;  Child  Life  on  a  Farm; 
Jolly  Good  Times  at  School;  Jolly  Good 
Times  at  Hackmatack;  More  Good  Times 
at  Hackmatack;  Miss  Ellis's  Mission; 
Young  Puritan  Series;  and  Boys  of  the 
Border. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Mary  Stuart,  litterateur,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  in  1834,  in  Pennsylvania. 
She  has  made  many  translations  from  the 
German  and  French;  and  is  the  author  of 
Heirs  of  the  Kingdom;  and  Virginia  Cook- 
ery   Book. 

Smith,  Matthew  Hale,  clergyman,  author, 
v.  as  born  in  1816,  in  Portland,  Maine.  He 
was  a  clergyman  of  the  universalist  and 
subsequently  of  the  presbyter ian  and  other 
faiths;  and  was^^lso  a  lawyer  and  brilliant 
journalist,  known  as  Burleigh.  He  was  the 
nuthor  of  Universalism  Examined,  Re- 
nounced, and  Exposed;  Universalism  Not  of 
God;  Sabbath  Evenings;  Mount  Calvary; 
Sunshine  and  Shadow  in  New  York;  Bulls 
and  Bears  of  Wall  Stret,  which  include  his 
chief  works.  He  died  Nov.  7,  1879,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y. 

'  Smith,  Melancthon,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1724  in  Jamaica,  N.Y.  In  1785-88 
he  was  a  delegate  from  New  York  to  the 
continental  congress.  He  died  July  29,  1798, 
in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Melancthon,  naval  oflBcer,  was 
born  May  24,  1810,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1826  he  entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman; 
passed  through  all  the  grades;  and  was 
commissioned  rear-admiral  in  1870.  He  was 
subsequently  appointed  governor  of  the 
naval  asylum  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  died 
July  19,'l893.  in  Green  Bay,  Wis. 

Smith,  Melancton,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1780  in  New  York  City.  At  the  beginning 
of  the  second  war  with  Great  Britain  he 
joined  the  United  States  army;  became 
colonel  in  the  twenty-ninth  infantry.  He 
died   Aug.  28,   1818,   iii   Plattsburg,  N.Y. 

omith,  Meriwether,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1730  in  Essex  county, 
Va.    He  was   long  a  n)ember   o*'   the   house 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


259 


or  burgesses;  was  a  moiuber  of  all  tlie 
Virginia  conventions  in  1775  and  1770;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  federal  convention 
of  Virginia.  In  1778-82  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Mrginia  to  the  continental  congress. 
He  died  Jan.  25,   1700,  in  Virginia. 

Smith,  Merritt  Haviland,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  was  born  ^lay  21,  1862,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  educated  in  the  mili- 
tary schools  and  at  Tenn  military  college. 
Since  1!>06  he  has  been  in  charge  of  tlie 
south  aqueduct  department  of  the  Cats- 
kill  acjucduct  for  the  New  York  board  of 
water  supply.  In  11)00-02  he  was  park  com- 
missioner, in  1905-00  was  police  court  sec- 
retary and  treasurer  of  department  of  the 
city  of  Yonkers;  and  during  the  Spanish- 
American  war  served  as  captain  and  ma- 
jor in  tlie  iirst  United  States  volunteer 
engineers  in  Porto  Rico.  In  1907  he  be- 
came yaptain  of  first  troop  seventh  regi- 
ment New   York  national  guard. 

Smith,  Middleton,  educator,  naturalist, 
explorer,  autiior,  was  born  March  24,  18-17, 
in  Bainbridge,  Ta.  In  1809  he  graduated 
horn  the  state  normal  school  of  Westfield, 
Mass.  In  1870-74  he  was  instructor  and 
principal  teacher  in  the  state  soldier's  or- 
plian  school  of  IMount  Joy,  Pa.  In  1874-78 
lie  took  a  post-graduate  course  at  the  state 
normal  scliool;  tlie  latter  few  years  also 
acting  as  pujiil  assistant  teacher.  In  1879-81 
he  was  engaged  in  the  study  of  medicine 
and  natural  history  in  New  \''ork  City.  In 
KSS1-.S;5  he  was  naturalist  and  observer  on 
the  international  polar  expedition  to  Point 
Barrow,  Alaska;  and  there  made  valuable 
colh'ctions  in  natural  history  and  ethnolo- 
gy for  the  United  States  national  museum. 
He  assisted  in  editing  tlie  reports  on  tlie 
jM-oceedings  of  the  Point  Barrow  and  Lady 
Franklin  Bay  expeditions;  and  since  the 
completion  of  that  work  has  been  engaged 
in  the  executive  departments  of  the  Unit- 
eil  States  government.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
How  to  Give  Elementary  Lessons  in  Zo- 
ology; Gardening  in  Northern  Alaska;  and 
Superstitions    of    the    Eskimos. 

Smith,  Milton,  lawyer,  political  econo- 
mist, was  born  July  .31,  1806,  in  Sussex 
county,  N.J.  He  was  educated  at  the  high 
schdoi  of  Ellen  ville,  N.Y.;  and  in  1S87 
graduated  from  Coriudl  university  of  Ith- 
aca. N.Y.  Ho  is  a  successful  lawyer,  prin- 
cipally giving  his  attention  to  corporation, 
minin;.',  inii^aliun  and  insurance  law.  Since 
1S!m;  he  has  been  chairman  of  the  Coloratlo 
deniucratic  state  committee. 

Smith,  Milton  H.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  in  ('hautau(|ua  county,  N.^'.  Since 
iS'.ll  he  has  been  jiresident  of  the  Louis- 
ville and  Nashville  railroad  at  Louisville, 
Ky. 

Smith,  Minna  Caroline,  journalist,  autlior, 
was  born  July  24.  18(iO.  in  Monterey.  Cal. 
She  was  formerly  a  journalist,  at  first  iji 
Chicajfo.  and  for  a  number  of  years  in  Bos- 
Ion.     She    is    the    author    of    Alary    Paget; 


a  Romance  of  Old  Bermuda;  has  translated 
The  Boys  of  Gary  Farm;  Red  Top  Ranch; 
and  Trilby,  the  Fairy  of  Argyle,  from  the 
French  of  Nodier;  Saragossa;  and  The  Joy 
of  Captain   Ribot. 

Smith,  Morgan  Lewis,  soldier,  was  born 
:Marcli  8,  1822,  jn  Oswego  county,  N.Y".  In 
1801  he  was  colonel  in  the  eight  regiment 
Missouri  infantry;  and  in  1802  was  bre- 
vetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
was  United  Stages  consul  at  Honolulu; 
and  declined  tlie  governorship  of  Colorado. 
He  died  Dec.  29,  1874,  in  Jersey  City,  N.J. 
Smith,  Moses,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  10,  ISoO,  in  Hebron,  Conn.  He  be- 
came   jiastor    of    the    congregational    cliurch 

of  Plainville,  Conn. 
During  the  civil  war 
he  served  in  company 
A,  eighth  regiment 
Connecticut  volun- 
teer infantry;  and 
was  chaplain  of  the 
regiment.  He  has 
tilled  pastorates  in 
Chicago,  Jackson  and 
Detroit,  Mich.,  and  in 
1888-97  he  has  been 
pastor  of  the  congre- 
gational at  Glencoe, 
111.  He  is  the  author  of  Questions  of  the 
Ages. 

Smith,  Munroe,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  8,  1854,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y'.  Since 
1891  he  has  been  professor  of  Roman  law 
and  comparative  jurisprudence  at  Colum- 
bia university.  In  1880-93  he  was  manag- 
ing editor  of  tlie  Political  Science  Quarter- 
ly. He  is  the  author  of  Bismarck  and  Ger- 
man  Unity. 

Smith,  Nathan,  jihysician,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  13,  1702,  in  Rehoboth,  Mass. 
He  was  medical  ])rofessor  in  Dartmouth 
college  in  1798-1813.  He  -was  the  author 
of  Practical  Essays  on  Typhus  Fever;  and 
I\ledical  and  Surgical  Memoirs.  He  died 
July  20,   1828,  m  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Smith,  Nathan,  lawyer.  United  States 
st'iiator,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1769,  in  Wood- 
bury, Conn.  He  was  a  member  of  the  con- 
xcntion  that  framed  the  state  constitution: 
and  was  for  many  years  state's  attorney 
for  the  county  of  New  Haven.  He  fre- 
(juently  served  in  the  state  legislature; 
and  was  for  several  years  United  States 
attorney  for  the  district  of  Connecticut. 
Me  was  a  tlelegate  to  the  Hartford  con- 
vention in  1814;  and  in  1833-35  he  was 
I'nited  States  senator.  He  died  Dec.  (i, 
1S35.  in   W'lishinuton.  D.C. 

Smith,  Nathan  Ryno,  suijicon,  author, 
was  born  .May  21,  171'7,  in  Concord.  N.H. 
He  was  a  professor  of  surgery  in  the  uni- 
versity of  .Maryland  in  1840-70.  He 
tlie  author  of  Sur^'ical  Anatomy  of 
.\rteries;  and  Legends  of  the  South, 
died  .Filly  .!.  1S77.  in  Baltimore.  .Md. 
Smith,     Nathaniel,    lawyer,     jurist, 


was 
the 
He 

con- 


gressman, was  born  Jan.  0,   1762,  in  Wood- 


260 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


bury,  Conn.  He  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature.  In  1795- 
Ji7  he  was  a  representative  from  Connecti- 
cut to  the  fourth  congress;  and  in  1806-19 
was  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
state.  He  died  March  9,  1822,  in  Woodbury, 
Conn. 

-  Smith,  Nicholas,  soldier,  journalist,  pub- 
lic official,  author,  was  born  Oct.  31,  1836, 
in  Blackburn,  England.  In  1844-60  he 
Avorked  in  lead  mines  and  on  farms  in 
Wisconsin;  and  in  1862  was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  In  1862  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  civil  war;  became  second  and  first 
lieutenant  and  captain  in  the  thirty-third 
regiment  Wisconsin  infantry;  and  resigned 
in  186.5  on  account  of  disability.  In  1869 
he  began  journalistic  work  on  the  Wauke- 
sha Freeman;  in  1874-91  was  editor  of  the 
Janesville  Daily  Gazette;  and  in  1895-99  was 
editor  of  the  Fond  du  Lac  Daily  Common- 
wealth. In  1879  he  was  commissioned  col- 
onel by  the  governor  of  Wisconsin ;  and 
in  1885-91  was  a  member  of  the  state  board 
of  supervision  of  charitable  reformatory 
and  penal  institutions  of  Wisconsin.  He  is 
the  autlior  of  Stories  of  Great  National 
8ongs;  Hymns  Historically  Famous;  Songs 
from  the  Hearts  of  Women;  Our  National 
Flag  in  History  and  Incident;  Men  and 
Masters  of  Fate;  and  Grant,  the  Man  of 
Mystery. 

Smith,  Nora  Archibald,  educator,  author, 
was  born  about  1859  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
In  1877  she  graduated  from  the  Santa  Bar- 
bara college  of  Cali- 
fornia; and  took  va- 
rious degrees  in  kin- 
dergarten training 
schools.  She  taught 
in  Mexico  and  Arizo- 
na, and  for  two  years 
was  engaged  in  kin- 
dergarten work.  She 
was  superintendent  of 
the  Silver  street  kin- 
dergarten of  San 
Francisco,  Cal. ;  and 
is  now  engaged  in  lit- 
erary work.  She  is  the  author  of  Children 
of  the  Future;  Under  the  Cactus  Flag; 
The  Kindergarten  in  a  Nutshell;  The  Mes- 
sage of  Froebel;  Three  Little  Marys;  Nel- 
son, the  Adventurer;  and  The  Adventures 
of  a  Doll.  She  is  part  author  of  The  Fairy 
Ring;   Pinafore  Palace;   and  otlier  works. 

Smith,  O'Brien,  congressman.  In  1805-07 
he  was  a  representative  from  South  Caro- 
lina to  the  nintli  congress.  He  died  in  Soutli 
Carolina. 

Smith,  Oliver,  state  legislator,  jurist,  phil- 
aiitluopist,  was  born  in  January,  1766,  in 
Hatfield,  Mass.  He  was  a  magistrate  for 
forty  years;  t\vic<'  a  re])resentative  to  the 
state  legislature;  and  in  1820  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention. 
He  acquired  large  wealth  by  stocK  raising; 
which  he  be  ^ueatln  t  to  establish  the 
Smith  charities,  a  unique  system  of  benev- 


olence, now  holding  one  million  dollars,  the 
interest  of  which  is  extended  in  marriage 
portions  to  poor  and  worthy  young  couples. 
He  died  Dec.  22,  1845,  in  Hatfield,  Mass. 

Smith,  Oberlin,  engineer,  inventor,  author, 
was  born  Marcli  22,  1840,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  tbe  West  Jersey 

academy  of  Bridge- 
ton,  N.J.;  and  in  the 
Polytechnic  institute 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
In  1863  he  started  a 
business  now  known 
as  the  Ferracute  ma- 
chine company,  and 
has  invented  and  de- 
signed its  standard 
products.  He  has 
made  occasional  Eu- 
ropean tours  of  en- 
gineering observation. 
He  has  taken  out  over  forty  patents  upon 
mechanical  inventions.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  American  society  of  civil  engineers;  a 
member  of  the  Institute  of  mining  engi- 
neers; a  member  and  past  president  of  the 
American  society  of  mechanical  engineers; 
and  lias  been  president  of  the  Young  men's 
ciiristian  association.  He  is  the  author  of 
Press   Working  of   Metals. 

Smith,  Oliver  Hampton,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, United  States  senator,  author,  was 
Lorn  Oct.  23,  1794,  near  Trenton,  N.J.  In 
1824  lie  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  the 
third  district  of  Indiana;  and  was  elected 
to  tile  state  legislature  in  1822.  In  1827-29 
he  was  a  representative  from  Indiana  to 
the  twentieth  congress;  and  in  1837-43  he 
was  United  States  senator.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  a  work  giving  his  Recollections 
of  Congressional  Life;  and  Early  Indian 
Trials.  He  died  March  19,  1859,  in  Indian- 
apolis, Ind. 

Smith,  Orland,  railroad  president,  was 
born  May  2.  1825.  in  ivcwiston,  Maine. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Columbus  and  ]\Iidland  railroad  at  Balti- 
more, ^Id. 

Smith,  Orland,  soldier,  was  born  in  Elaine. 
In  ISCtl  lie  was  lieutenant-colonel  in  the 
seventy-third  regiment  Ohio  infantiy;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.      He    Avas    resigned    in    1864. 

Smith,  Orlando  Jay,  soldier,  journalist, 
autlior,  was  born  June  14,  1842,  near 
Terre  Haute,  Ind.  Since  1882  he  has  been 
president  of  the  American  press  associa- 
tion. In  1861-65  he  served  in  the  sixteenth 
regiment  Indiana  volunteer  infantry  and 
in  tiie  sixth  Indiana  cavalrj-  as  private  to 
major.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Short  View 
of  Great  Questions;  The  Coming  Democra- 
cy;  anil  Balance. 

Smith,  Otis  David,  educator,  lecturer, 
was  born  June  27,  1831,  in  New  Haven,  Vt. 
For  fifty  years  he  was  identified  with  the 
educational  interests  of  Alabama  and  the 
south;  and  lectured  before  schools,  col- 
leges, and   literary  institutions.    In   1854-60 


HEPwRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


261 


and  in  186.5-73  he  taught  in  public  and  pri- 
vate schools.  In  1874  he  became  professor 
of  mathematics  in  Alabama  polytechnic 
institution.  He  died  in  1905  in  Auburn, 
Ala. 

Smith,  Owen  Lun  West,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, lawyer,  diplomat,  was  born  May 
18,  1851,  in'  Giddensville.  N.C.  Since  1881 
he  has  been  in  the  ministry  of  the  African 
episcopal  zion  church.  In  1898-1902  he  was 
united  States  minister  resident  and  con- 
sul-general to  Liberia. 

Smith,  Percy  Franklyn,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  21,  1807,  in  Nyack,  N.Y. 
Since  1900  he  has  been  professor  of  math- 
ematics at  Sheffield  scientific  school  of 
Yale  university.  He  is  the  author  of  I]le- 
mentary  Calculus;  Four-Place  Logaritii- 
mic  Tables;  and  Elements  of  and  Intro- 
duction   to    Analytic    Geometry. 

Smith,  Perry,'  lawyer,  jurist.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  May  12,  1783,  in 
Woodbury,  Conn.  He  settled  in  New  Mil- 
ford  in  1807;  was  a  state  representative 
for  four  years;  and  was  a  judge  of  pro- 
bate, for 'two  years.  In  1837-43  he  was 
United  States  senator.  He  died  June  8, 
1852,  in  Milford,  Conn. 

Smith,  Persifer  Frazer,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  in  1808  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  was  prosecuting  attorney 
for  Delaware  county  in  1839;  served  in 
the  state  legislature  in  1862-64;  and  be- 
came state  reporter  in  1865.  He  was  the 
author  of  Forms  of  Procedure  in  Penn- 
sylvania Courts;  and  Pennsylvania  Su- 
preme Court  Reports,  in  thirty-two  vol- 
umes. He  died  May  17,  1882,  in  Westches- 
ter, Pa. 

Smith,  Peter,  merchant,  was  born  Nov. 
1."),  1708,  in  Greenbush,  N.Y.  He  was  a 
partner  of  Jolin  Jacob  Aster  in  the  fur 
business.  His  manuscript  journals,  still 
in  existence,  contain  interesting  descrip- 
tions of  his  journeys  among  the  Indians. 
He  died  April  13,' 1837,  in  Schenectady, 
X.V. 

Smith,  Peter  J.,  accountant,  public  of- 
ficial, was  born  Aug.  22,  1867,  in  Denmark. 
He  was  edueate<l  in  the  common  and  high 
schools;  and  attended  a  business  college. 
He  is  a  bookkeeper  and  accountant  b}'  pro- 
fession; has  been  a  contractor  and  busi- 
ness num  of  Eau  Claire,  Wis.;  and  filled 
various  positions  of  trust  and  honor.  He 
was  assistant  secretary  of  state  in  Wis- 
consin; and  a  member  of  the  republican 
state  central  committee  of  Wisconsin.  He 
is  now  assistant  postmaster  of  Eau  Claire, 
Wis. 

Smith,  Peter  P.,  lawver.  jurist,  was  born 
•  hnie  2.  1S.->1.  i[i  Honesdale,  Pa.  In  1880 
he  was  supervisor  of  census  for  the  fiftii 
di.strict  of  Pennsylvania;  and  in  1894  was 
a  candidate  for  county  judge.  Since  1895 
he  has  been  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Pennsylvania. 


Smith,  Philip  Henry,  journalist,  author, 
Mas  born  in  1842  in  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Acadia,  a  Lost  Chapter  in 
American  History;  Curiosities  in  American 
History;  General  History  of  Dutchess 
County;  The  Statesman  of  Podunk;  and 
Little  Ethel,  or  A  Sprig  of  Sumac. 

Smith,  Preston,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
Dec.  25,  1823,  in  Giles  county,  Tenn.  He 
became  colonel  of  the  one  fifty-fourth  reg- 
iment of  Tennessee  militia,  which  was  af- 
terward mustered  into  the  service  of  the 
confederacy;  and  he  was  promoted  to  brig- 
adier-general in  1862.  He  was  killed,  with 
nearly  all  his  staff,  by  a  sudden  volley  dur- 
ing a  night  attack  at  Chickamauga,  Ga. 
Hi'  died  Sept.  20,  1863,  in  Georgia. 

Smith,  Quintius  Cincinnatus,  soldier,  phy- 
sician, surgeon,  scientist,  was  born  March 
1,  1842,  in  Humphreys  county  Tenn.  He 
■^  -  served  in  the  in- 
firmary corps  detail- 
ed service  with  tenth 
volunteers  of  For- 
rest's cavalry  in  the 
confederate  service 
during  the  civil  war. 
He  practiced  medi- 
cine for  five  years  in 
Stoddard  county, 
Mo. ;  practiced  seven 
vears  in  Cloverdale, 
Cal.;  in  1880-1905 
practiced  medicine  in 
Austin,  Texas;  and  in  1905-11  was  a  physi- 
cian located  at  San  Diego,  Cal.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  American  medical  associa- 
tion, Texas  academy  of  science,  and  a  life 
member  of  the  California  academy  of  sci- 
ence. He  was  a  life  foundation  fellow  of 
the  society  of  science,  letters  and  art  of 
-London;  and  a  life  fellow  of  the  American 
association  for  the  advancement  of  sci- 
ence. He  devised  improvements  in  medical 
instruments;  and  was  a  valuable  contribu- 
tor to  medical  literature.  He  died  Oct.  27, 
1911. 

Smith,  R.  Barnwell,  congressman.  In  1861- 
63  he  was  a  representative  from  South  Car- 
olina   to   tlie   thirty-seventh   congress. 

Smith,  R.  W.,  soldier.  During  the  civil 
war  he  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral. He  died  July  31,  1890,  in  Chicago,  111. 
Smith,  Richard,  congressman,  was  born 
March  22,  1735.  in  I?urlington,  N.J.  In  1774- 
76  he  was  a  didegate  from  New  Jersey  to 
the  continental  congress.  He  died  in  1803 
near  Natcliez.  ^Tiss.,  while  on  a  journay 
through  the  southern   states. 

Smith,  Richard,  journalist,  publisher,  was 
born  Jan.  30,  182.3,  in  Ireland.  He  gained 
emidoyment  on  the  Price  Current  of  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio;  of  which  he  soon  became 
proprietor.  About  1854  he  purchased  an 
interest  in  the  Cincinnati  Gazette;  which 
became  prosperous  under  his  direction,  es- 
pecially during  the  civil   war.    But  in    1880 


262 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


its  interests  and  those  of  the  Cincinnati 
Commercial  indicated  the  financial  and  po- 
litical wisdom  of  their  union;  and  accord- 
ingly the  first  of  the  following  year  they 
were  consolidated  under  the  name  of  the 
Commercial    Gazette.  ' 

Smith,  Richard  Penn,  lawyer,  dramatist, 
author,  was  born  March  13,  1799,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  Fifteen  of  his  plays  were 
placed  on  the  stage,  and  were  once  popu- 
lar, Caius  Marius  being  one  of  the  best. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Forsaken,  a 
novel;  The  Actress  of  Padua,  and  Other 
Tales;  and  Lives  of  Crockett  and  Martin 
Van  Buren.  His  complete  works  in  four 
volumes  were  issued  in  1888.  He  died  Aug. 
12.  1854,  in  Falls  of  Schuylkill,  Pa. 

Smith,  Richard  Penn,  merchant,  soldier, 
was  born  May  9,  1837,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  settled  in  Kansas  and  successfully  en- 
gaged in  business  there  but  returned  to 
Philadelphia  in  1860.  He  became  lieuten- 
ant in  tlie  seventy-first  Pennsylvania  vol- 
unteers, and  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel, 
serving  until  1864.  He  died  Nov.  27,  1887, 
in  West  Brighton,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Richard  Somers,  soldier,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  30,  1813,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  was  a  soldier  and  educator; 
president  of  Girard  college  in  1863-68;  and 
for  the  last  seven  years  of  his  life  in  charge 
of  the  department  of  drawing  at  the  United 
States  naval  academy.  He  was  the  author 
of  Manual  of  Topographical  Drawing;  and 
Manual  of  Linear  Perspective.  He  died  Jan. 
23,   1877,  in  Annapolis,  Md. 

Smith,  Richmond  Mayo,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1854  in  Ohio.  He  has  been  a 
professor  of  political  economy  at  Columbia 
college  since  1883.  He  is  the  author  of  Sta- 
tistics and  Economics;  Emigration  and  Im- 
migration;   and   Statistics   and   Sociology. 

Smith,  Robert,  clergyman,  educator,  was 
born  in  1723  in  Ireland.  In  1751-93  he  was 
pastor  of  the  prosbyterian  church  at  Pe- 
quea,  Pa.,  a  part  of  the  time  supplying  the 
church  at  Leacock.  Shortly  after  his  set- 
tlement in  Pe<iuea  he  founded  a  classical 
and  theological  seminary.  He  died  April 
15,  1793,  in  Rockville,  Pa. 

Smith,  Robert,  educator,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  bishop,  was  born  June  25, 
1732,  in  Kngland.  In  1783  he  opened  an 
academy,  whicli  was  chartered  in  1786  as 
the  Sovith  Carolina  college.  Of  this  institu- 
tion he  was  president  until  1798.  He  was 
unanimously  elected  in  1795  to  be  the  first 
I'ishop  oC  tlie  jirotestant  episcopal  church 
in  South  Carolina.  He  died  Oct.  28,  1801, 
in   Charleston,   S.C. 

Smith,  Robert,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
cabinet  ollicer,  was  born  in  November,  1757, 
in  Lancaster,  Pa.  He  served  as  a  volunteer 
in  tlie  revolutionary  war:  and  was  present 
at  tlie  battle  of  Brandywine.  He  served  as 
a  member  of  the  Maryland  legislature;  and 
in  1801-05  he  was  secretary  of  the  navy; 
in    1805   he    was    attorney-general;    and    in 


1809-11  he  Avas  secretary  of  state.    He  died 
Nov.  26,  1842,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Smith,  Robert,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  June  12,  1802,  in  Petersbor- 
ough,  N.H.  He  removed  to  Illinois  in  1832; 
served  in  the  Illinois  legislature  in  1836- 
40;  and  was  enrolling  and  engrossing  clerk 
of  the  house  in  1840-43.  In  1843-49  and 
1857-59  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
twenty-eighth,  twenty-ninth,  thirtieth  and 
tliirty-fifth  congress.  He  died  in  December, 
1867,'  in  Alton,  111. 

Smith,  Robert  Armstrong,  lawyer,  bank- 
er, legislator,  was  born  June  13,  1827,  in 
Booneville,  Ind.  He  was  elected  auditor  of 
Warren  county,  Ind.;  and  in  1853  moved 
to  St.  Poul,  Minn.  He  practiced  law;  was 
appointed  secretary  to  Governor  Gorman; 
acted  as  territorial  librarian  up  to  1856; 
and  for  the  twelve  succeeding  years  was 
treasurer  of  Ramsey  county.  In  1868  he 
was  elected  alderman  of  St.  Paul,  and  for 
three  years  was  president  of  the  common 
council.  He  served  two  years  in  the  legis- 
lature; tlien  became  mayor  of  St.  Paul. 
He  was  elected  a  state  senator,  and  served 
eleven  years  as  mayor  and  four  years  as 
state  senator.  He  has  been  postmaster  of 
St.  Paul;  and  for  nearly  fifty  years  has 
been  engaged  in  official  life. 

Smith,  Robert  Burns,  lawyer,  legislator, 
governor,  was  born  Dec.  29,  1854,  in  Hick- 
man county,  Ky.  For  four  years  he  was 
engaged  in  educational  work;  and  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877. 
In  1884  he  was  a  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  Montana;  was  Unit-ed 
States  district  attorney  for  Montana  in 
1885-89;  was  corporation  counsel  for  the 
city  of  Helena  in  1891;  and  in  1894  was  a 
candidate  for  congress  on  the  people's  par- 
ty ticket.  In  1897-1901  he  was  the  third 
governor  of  Montana.  He  died  in  Big  Fork, 
Mont. 

Smith,  Robert  Davis,  soldier,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  Oct.  9,  1842,  in 
Columbia,  Tenn.  His  father.  Rev.  Franklin 
G.  Smith,  founded  the  Columbia  Athenae- 
um, of  which  Robert,  his  eldest  son,  was 
president  in  1871-1900.  He  also  served  four 
years  in  the  confederate  army,  entering 
as  a  private  and  closing  as  a  captain. 

Smith,  Robert  Frederick,  soldier,  was 
born  Aug.  2,  1806,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
was  a  harness-maker  by  trade;  and  in  1833 
moved  west,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death 
was  the  ohk^st  pioneer  of  Hancock  county, 
111.  In  1844  he  was  captain  of  the  Cum- 
berland Grays;  and  vs^as  wounded  at  the 
Battle  of  Nauvoo  in  1846.  He  saw  mucli 
active  service,  and  commanded  a  brigade 
in  Sherman's  march  from  Atlanta  to  the 
sea  and  thence  to  Washington.  Before  the 
reffiment  Avas  mustered  out  of  service  in 
1865  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general.  He 
died    April   23,    1893.    in   Hamilton,  111. 

Smith,  Robert  Wilson,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Ohio.    In  1863  he  was  lieutenant-colonel 


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263 


in  the  sixteenth  regiment  Illinois  cavalry; 
and  in  18tJ.5  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  vuluMtetTS.    He  died  July   31,   1890. 

Smith,  Rodney,  soldier,  was  born  Jan.  3, 
1829,  in  Vermont.  In  181)4  he  was  appoint- 
ed from  Kentucky  as  major  paymaster  in 
the  United  States  army;  and  in  1904  was 
retiri'd  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general. 
Smith,  Roswell,  publisher,  was  born 
March  30,  1829,  in  Lebanon,  Conn.  He 
moved  in  1870  to  New  York  City.  In  con- 
nection with  Dr.  Josiah  G.  Holland  and 
Charles  Scribner,  he  established  Scribner's 
monthly,  now  the  Century  magazine.  In 
1873  he  began  the  publication  of  St.  Nicli- 
olas,  a  magazine  for  children.  The  first 
organization  was  under  the  firm  name  of 
Scribner  and  company,  which  subsequently 
became  the  Century  company,  with  Mr. 
Smith  as  president.  He  died  April  19,  1892, 
in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Ruel  Perley,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  16,  1869,  in  Bangor,  Maine. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Rival  Campers; 
The  Rival  Campers  Afloat;  The  Rival 
Campers  Ashore;  and  Prisoners  of  Fortune. 
Smith,  Russell,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
April  26.  1812,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland.  When 
seven  years  of  age  he  came  to  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  in  1835  settled  in  Philadelphia, 
and  has  become  a  distinguished  scene  and 
landscape  painter.  His  Chocorua  Peak,  and 
Cave  at  Chelton  Hills  were  exhibited  in 
1876  at  the  Philadelphia  centennial  exhi- 
bition. He  died  Nov.  7,  1896,  in  filendale. 
Pa. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Ruth  Ann  Cook,  book  dealer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1869,  in  New 
York  City.  She  is  the  wife  of  H.  A.  Ham- 
mond Smith,  artist.  She  is  a  dealer  and  pub- 
lisher of  natural  history  books.  She  is  the 
author  of  Along  Four-Footed  Trails. 

Smith,  S.  R.,  soldier.  During  the  civil 
war  he  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral. He  was  prominent  in  the  business  and 
public  affairs  of  Connecticut.  He  died  Sept. 
4.    188!).    in    New    Haven.  Conn. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Sadie  Adams,  litterateur,  au- 
tl:or,  was  born  Aug.  23,  184.1,  in  Lancaster, 
N.H.  She  is  the  historian  general  of  the 
daughters  of  the  revolution;  secretary-gen- 
eral and  historian  of  T'nited  States  daugh- 
ters of  1812;  and  the  first  treasurer  of  tlie 
National  society  of  New  England  women. 
In  1865  she  was  married  to  Captain  Le 
Roy  Sunderland  Smith.  She  excels  as  a 
writer,  and  is  inttrr-stefl  in  patriotic,  phil- 
iintliropic   and    humanitarian    work. 

Smith,  Sam  Ferry,  lawyir,  was  born 
June  8,  1S()3,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  In  1898- 
1904  lie  was  a  member  of  the  San  Diego 
board  of  education;  and  in  1907-10  was 
[resident  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
public  library.  He  has  attained  success  in 
the  practice  of  law;  and  is  a  member  of 
the  American,  California  and  San  Diego 
bar    associations. 

Smith,  Samuel,  financier,  autiior,  was 
born  in   1720  in  Burlington,  N..J.    He  was  a 


colonial  treasurer  of  the  province  of  West 
Jersey.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
Nova  CiTsarea,  or  New  Jersey,  from  Its 
Settlement  to  1721.  He  died  in  1776  in 
Burlington,   N.J. 

Smith,  Samuel,  soldier,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, United  States  senator,  was  born 
July  27.  17r)2,  in  Lancaster,  Pa.  He  was  a 
distinguished  merchant  of  Baltimore,  of 
which  city  he  Avas  mayor.  He  rose  from 
the  rank  of  captain  to  that  of  brigadier- 
general  in  the  revolutionary  war.  In  1776 
he  was  a  member  ot  the  convention  for 
framing  the  constitution  of  Maryland; 
and  in  1793-1803  and  1813-23  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  ]\Iaryland  in  the  third  to 
the  seventh  and  the  thirteenth  to  the  sev- 
enteenth congresses.  In  1803-15  and  1821- 
33  he  was  United  States  senator.  He  died 
April   22,   1839,   in   Baltimore,  Md. 

Smith,  Samuel,  congressman.  In  1805-11 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  ninth,  tenth  and  eleventh  congresses. 
He  died  in  Pennsylvania. 

Smith,  Samuel,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1767  in  Peterborough, 
N.H.  He  held  many  public  positions;  and 
was  for  many  years  a  manufacturer  of 
]iaper.  He  was  a  representative  in  congress 
from  New  Hampshire  in  1813-15.  He  died 
Jan.   17,  1842,  in  Peterboro,  N.H. 

Smith,  Samuel  A.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1829-33  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  twen- 
ty-first and  twenty-second  congresses.  He 
died  about    1900  in   Bucks  county.  Pa. 

Smith,  Samuel  A.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  June  26,  1822,  in  Monroe  county, 
Tenn.  In  1845-48  he  was  attorney-general 
for  the  tliinl  judicial  district  of  Tennes- 
see. He  was  a  delegate  to  the  National 
convention  in  1848  at  Baltimore;  and  was 
soon  afterward  elected  a  presidential  elec- 
tor. He  was  again  chosen  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1852;  and  in  1850  took  a  deep  in- 
terest in  the  affairs  of  the  East  Tennessee 
and  Georgia  railroad.  In  1853-59  he  was 
a  representative  from  Tennessee  to  the 
thirty-third,  thirty-fourth  and  thirty-fifth 
congresses.  In  1859  he  was  appointed  com- 
inissioiu'r  of  the  general  land  office. 

Smith,  Samuel  Emerson,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  le;:islat<>r.  governDr.  was  born  Marcli 
12.  1788.  in  Hollis.  N.H.  In  1812  he  settled 
in  Wiscasset.  Maine;  was  a  representative 
in  the  legislature  in  1819-20;  and  was  chief 
justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of 
.Maine  in  1821.  Hi-  was  justice  of  the  state 
court  of  common  pleas  in  1.^22-30;  was 
the  fifth  governor  of  Maine  in  1831-34;  and 
was  again  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  in  1835-37.  In  18;{7  he  was  a  com- 
missioner to  revise  the  public  statutes  of 
Maine.  He  died  March  4,  1860.  in  Wis- 
casset, Afaine. 

Smith  Samuel  Francis,  lawyer,  banker, 
was  born  Sept.  5,  183().  in  W'aterville, 
.Maine,  and  is  a  son  of  Rev.  S.  F.  Smith, 
author    of    My   Country   'Tis   of   Thee,   our 


264 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


national  hvmn.  He  had  a  large  and  suc- 
cessful law  practice,  but  has  now  retired. 
In  1807  he  was  mayor  of  Davenport,  Iowa; 
and  is  vice-president  of  the  Davenport  na- 
tional bank.  He  is  also  president  of  the 
public  library  of  Davenport;  and  president 
of   the    People's   union   mission. 

Smith,  Samuel  Finley,  educator,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  Nov.  13,  1855,  in  Dexter, 
Ohio.   In  1884  he  graduated  with  credit  from 

the  National  normal 
university  at  Leba- 
non. He  taught  suc- 
cessfully as  principal 
of  Chester  academy 
and  the  Racine  pub- 
lic schools,  both  in 
his  native  county.  He 
was  elected  clerk  of 
courts  of  Meigs  coun- 
ty in  1894,  a  position 
he  still  holds.  He  is 
also  editor  and  pro- 
prietor of  The  Pom- 
eroy  Leader. 

Smith,  Samuel  Francis,  clergyman,  au- 
tiior.  poet,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1808,  in  Bos- 
ton, ^Mass.  In  1834  he  was  ordained  a  cler- 
gyman of  the  baptist 
church;  filled  a  pas- 
torate in  Waterville 
for  two  years;  and 
in  1842-54  filled  a 
pastorate  in  Newton, 
Mass.  He  was  editor 
of  the  various  publi- 
cations of  the  Baptist 
missionary  union  in 
1864-69;  "and  he 
twice  visited  the  chief 
missionary  stations 
in  Europe  and  Asia, 
a   large   amount   of   literary 

,    ^     in    the    line    of    hymnology, 

his  most  noted  compositions  being  the  na- 
tional hymn,  My  County,  'Tis  of  Thee;  and 
the  missionary  liymn  entitled  The  Morn- 
ing Light  is  Breaking.  His  original  hymns 
and  poetry  have  been  published  under  the 
titles  of  Lyric  Gems;  The  Psalmist;  Rock 
of  .\ges;  and  he  was  also  the  author  of 
^lissionary  Sketches.  He  died  Nov.  16,  1895, 
ill  Boston,  Mass. 

Smith,  Samuel  Harrison,  journalist,  au- 
llior,  was  born  in  1772  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  edited  tlie  New  World  in  1796-1900; 
and  on  the  removal  of  the  seat  of  govern- 
ment to  Washington.  D.C.,  on  Oct.  31  of 
tlie  latter  year,  founded  the  National  Intel- 
ligencer, wliich  he  edited  until  1818.  He 
was  commissioner  of  revenue  from  1813 
till  the  ofhce  was  abolished.  He  was  the 
author  of  Remarks  on  Education;  and  Trial 
of  Saimiel  Chase,  Impeached  Before  the 
I'nitcd  States  Senate,  in  two  volumes.  He 
(lied    Nov.    1,    1845.    in   Washington,   D.C. 

Smith,  Samuel  George,  clergyinan.  lec- 
turer,  avithor,   was   born   March   7,   1852,   in 


England.     He 


Dr.    Smitii    did 
work,    mainly 


is  a  congregational  clergy- 
man; and  since  1888 
has  been  pastor  of 
the  People's  church 
of  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
He  has  been  seven 
years  a  member  of 
the  state  board  of 
corrections  and  chari- 
ties of  Minnesota; 
three  vcars  member 
of  the  St.  Paul  board 
of  education;  and 
five  years  president 
of  tlie  associated  char- 
ities. He  has  been  for  five  years  lecturer 
in  sociology  in  the  state  university.  He  is 
the  author  of  For  Eyes  That  Weep;  and 
Iiulustrial    Conflict. 

Smith,  Samuel  J.,  clergyman,  chaplain, 
was  born  Dec.  13,  1863,  in  London,  Eng- 
land;   and    came    with    his    parents    to    the 

United  States  in  1868. 
He  was  educated  in 
the  grammar  schools 
of  Amsterdam,  N.Y. ; 
graduated  from  Lay 
college  and  Bible  in- 
stitute of  Boston, 
Mass.;  and  studied 
at  the  Sprague  school 
of  law  in  Detroit, 
Mich.  In  1900  he  was 
a  representative  in 
the  Vermont  state 
legislature ;  and  was 
a  recognized  leader  in  defense  of  the  pro- 
iiibition  law.  In  his  youth  he  served  in 
in  United  States  revenue  cutter  service ; 
and  subsequently  learned  the  knit-goods 
business  in  Amsterdam,  N.Y.  He  has  held 
inifiortant  positions  in  Virginia  and  Con- 
necticut: and  subsequently  became  pastor 
of  the  Halifax  baptist  church  of  Vermont, 
where  he  held  several  town  offices.  Since 
1901  he  has  been  chaplain  with  rank  of 
captain  in   tlie  United  States  army. 

Smith,  Samuel  Joseph,  poet,  was  born  in 
1771  in  Moorestown,  N.J.  He  lived  on  his 
estate,  dividing  his  time  between  his  farm, 
literature,  and  public  benefactions.  Two 
of  his  lyrics  are  in  Lyra  Sacra  Americana; 
and  his  Miscellanies,  with  a  memoir,  were 
imblished  in  1836.  He  died  Nov.  14,  1835, 
near   Burlington,   N.J. 

Smith,  Samuel  Stanhope,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  March  16, 
1750,  in  Peqiu'a,  Pa.  He  was  a  presbyterian 
clergyman;  and  president  of  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1794-1812.  He  was  the  author  of 
Lectures  on  the  Evidences  of  the  Christian 
Religion:  ]\Ioral  and  Political  Philosophy; 
Sermons:  Comprehensive  View  of  Natural 
and  Revealed  Religion:  and  On  the  Variety 
of  Complexion  and  Figure  of  the  Human 
Species.  He  died  .\ng.  21,  1819,  in  Prince- 
ton, N.J. 

Smith,  Samuel  William,  educator,  law- 
yer,  state    senator,   congressman,   was   born 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


2G5 


Aug.  23,  1852,  in  Indcpondcncc,  Mich.  He 
cngaju't'd  in  ti^aclnng  sdiool  at  sixteen  years 
of  age:  and  for  the  h\st  twenty-five  years 
lias  practiced  hiw  in  Pontiac,  Mich.  In 
1880-84  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Oakland  county;  and  in  1884  was  elected 
to  thi'  state  senate.  In  1897-1015  he  was  a 
representative  from  Michigan  to  the  fifty- 
fifth,  fifty-sixtli,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-sec- 
ond* and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Sarah  Lanman,  missionary, 
was  born  .luiie  IS.  1802,  in  Norwich,  Conn. 
She  was  the  daughter  of  ,)abez  Huntington. 
iSlie  married  Dr.  Smith  in  1833,  accompanied 
him  to  Beirut,  and,  having  learned  Arabic, 
assisted  him  in  liis  translations  into  that 
language,  and  taught  in  a  native  school 
for  girls  which  she  established.  Her  Mem- 
oir, Journal,  and  Letters  was  edited  by  the 
Rev.  Edward  Hooker.  She  died  Sept.  30, 
183<>.  in  Asia. 

Smith,  Mrs.  Sarah  Louisa  Hickman,  poet, 
was  born  June  30,  1811,  in  Detroit,  Mich. 
She  was  a  Cincinnati  poet  whose  poems 
appeared  in  1829.  She  died  Feb.  12,  1832, 
in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  Seba,  Jack  Downing,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  14.  1792,  in  Buck- 
field,  Maine.  He  was  a  journalist  of  Port- 
land, Maine;  and  after  1842  of  New  York 
City.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Letters 
of  Major  Jack  Downing;  Powhatan,  a 
metrical  romance;  New  Elements  of  Ge- 
tmetry;  Way  Down  East,  or  Portraitures 
of  Yankee  Life;  My  Thirty  Years  Out  of 
the  Senate;  and  Dew-Drops  of  the  Nine- 
teenth Century.  He  died  July  29,  1868,  in 
Long   Island,  N.Y. 

Smith,  Sebastian  Bach,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  Ixnn  in  1S45.  He  was  a  Roman 
catholic  clergyman  of  Paterson,  N.J.  He 
was  the  author  of  Elements  of  Ecclesias- 
tical Law;  and  New  Procedure  in  Criminal 
and  Disciplinary  Causes  of  Ecclesiastics  in 
the  United  States.  He  died  in  1895  in  Pat- 
erson. X.J. 

Smith,  Sidney  Irving,  biologist,  was  born 
Feb.  18.  1S43.  in  Norway,  Maine.  He  had 
charge  of  the  deeji-water  dredging  that  was 
carried  on  in  Lake  Superior  by  tlie  Cnited 
States  lake  survey  in  1871;  and  by  the 
I'nited  States  coast  survey  in  the  region 
of  St.  George's  banks  in  1872.  In  1875-190() 
ho  was  professor  comparati\"T'  anatomy  in 
Sliedield  scientific  school  of  Yale  univer- 
sity; and  is  now  professor  emeritus.  His 
pa])ers  have  been  published  in  the  R<'|)orts 
of  tlie  I'nited  States  I''isli  ( 'oininission : 
Reports  of  Progress  of  the  (Jeologieal  Sur- 
vey of  Canada;  and  other  government  re- 
ports. 

Smith,  Solomon  Franklin,  lawyer,  ac- 
tor, aiitlior.  was  horn  .\|>iil  20.  "iSOl,  in 
Norwich.  N.Y.  He  was  a  j)0[)ular  comedi- 
an who  left  the  stage  in  1853;  and  was 
afterward  a  noted  lawj'er  of  St.  Louis.    He 


was  the  author  of  Theatrical  Apprentice- 
ship; Theatrical  Journey  Work;  and  Au- 
tobiography. He  died  April  20,  1869,  in  St. 
Louis,  ^lo. 

Smith,  Sophia,  founder,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Aug.  27,  1796,  in  Hatfield,  Mass. 
She  founded  Smith  college  of  Northamp- 
ton, Mass.,  for  the  education  of  women; 
whicii  she  endowed  with  nearly  a  half  mil- 
lion dollars.  She  also  bequeathed  seventy- 
five  thousand  dollars  to  the  town  of  Hat- 
field for  the  endowment  of  a  school  piepar- 
atorv  to  Sniitli  college.  She  died  June  12, 
187o".   in   Hatfield,  Mass. 

Smith,  Stephen,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  19,  1823,  in  Onondaga  county,  N. 
Y.  In~1857-G0  he  was  editor  of  the  New 
York  Medical  Journal;  and  in  18G0-63  was 
editor  of  the  New  York  iledical  Times.  He 
has  bei'U  professor  of  clinical  surgery  in 
the  university  of  the  city  of  New  York 
since  1874.  He  is  the  author  of  Handbook 
of  Surgical  Operations;  and  Principles  of 
0])eiative   Surgery. 

Smith,  Susan  Augusta,  genealogist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Oct.  19,  1843.  She  is  the 
author  of  a  genealogical  Avork  on  the  Bass 
Family:  A  Memorial  of  Rev.  Thomas 
Smith  and  Descendants;  and  History  of  The 
Town  of  Pembroke. 

Smith,  Sylvesiter  Clark,  journalist,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1858, 
in  Henry  county,  Iowa.  He  was  educated 
in  tlie  public  schools  of  Iowa;  and  at 
Howe  academy  of  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa. 
Since  1885  he  has  practiced  law  in  Bakers- 
lield.  Cal.  He  is  president  of  the  Eclio  pub- 
iisliing  company;  and  proprietor  and  editor 
of  the  Bakersfield  Morning  Echo.  In  1895- 
1903  he  was  a  member  of  the  California 
state  senate.  In  1905-11  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  California  to  the  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth  ami  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Smith,  Theodore  Clarke,  educator,  au- 
tiuir.  was  born  ^lay  1,  1870,  in  Roxbury, 
]\lass.  Since  1901  he  has  been  assistant 
jMofessor  of  American  history  and  political 
i-cience  at  the  Ohio  state  university.  He 
i.'^  the  author  of  Liberty  and  Free  Soil  par- 
ties in  the  North  West;  and  Parties  and 
Slavery. 

Smith,  Theophilus  Washington,  lawyer, 
jurist,  slate  senator,  was  horn  Sept.  28, 
178L  in  New  York  City.  After  serving  in 
the  I'nited  States  navy  he  was  admitted 
to  tlie  l)ar  in  his  native  city  in  1805,  hav- 
ing been  a  law  student  in  the  ofiice  of 
Aaron  Burr,  and  a  fellow  student  with 
Washington  Irving.  In  1816  lie  visited  the 
west  in  the  interest  of  his  father-in-law, 
who  had  a  large  estate  in  Ohio,  and  pro- 
ceeding as  far  as  Edwardsville,  111.,  settled 
there.  In  1823  he  was  elected  state  senator. 
He  died  May  0,  1846,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Smith,  Thomas,  colonial  governor.  In 
l(>06-n7  lir  was  ((donijil  jrovernor  of  Vir- 
ginia. 


266 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Smith,  Thomas,  colonial  governor.  In 
1093-94  he  was  colonial  governor  of  South 
Carolina. 

Smith,  Thomas,  clergyman,  was  born 
March  10,  1702,  in  Boston,  Mass.  For  more 
than  sixty-eight  years  he  was  pastor  of 
the  First  church  of  Portland,  Maine.  He 
kept  an  historical  and  personal  diary  from 
1720  to  1788.  He  died  May  25,  1795,  in 
Portland,  Maine. 

Smith,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1745  in  Scotland.  In 
1769  he  was  appointed  deputy-surveyor; 
and  settled  in  Bedford,  Pa.  He  was  colonel 
of  militia  during  the  revolution;  and  vs^as 
a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
in  177t>.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature;  and  in  1780-82  he  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Pennsylvania  to  the  continental 
congress;  and  was  president  judge  in  1791- 
94.  He  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania  in  1794-1809.  He 
died  June   16,  1809,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Smith,  Thomas,  congressman.  In  1815-17 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  fourteenth  congress.  He  died  in  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Smith,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1839-47  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Indiana  to  the  twenty- 
sixth,  twenty-eighth  and  twenty-ninth  con- 
gresses.   He  died  in  Indiana. 

Smith,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1895- 
98  he  was  judge  of  tlie  United  States  dis- 
trict court  of  New  Mexico;  and  in  1898  he 
was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  Mexico  for  the  fourth  district. 

Smith,  Thomas  Alexander,  banker,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  3, 
1850,  in  Greenwood,  Del.  He  was  educated 
in  tlie  public  schools,  and  at  the  Denton 
academy.  He  taught  school  in  Delaware, 
Maryland  and  INIichigan.  For  many  years 
he  was  agent  of  the  Pliiladelpliia,  Wilming- 
ton and  Baltimore  railroad.  In  1889-93  he 
was  school  commissioner  of  Caroline '  coun- 
ty; and  in  1894-96  was  a  member  of  the 
Maryland  state  senate.  In  1900-03  he  was 
chief  of  the  Maryland  bureau  of  statistics 
and  information;  in  1903-04  was  first  vice- 
jiresident  Of  the  National  association  of 
labor  statisticians;  in  1904-05  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  board  of  charities;  Avas 
president  of  the  bank  of  Ridgely;  and  is 
supreme  president  of  the  supreme  council 
of  the  United  craftsmen.  In  1905-07  he 
was  a  re])reseiitative  from  Maryhind  to 
the   fifty-ninth    congress   as   a   democrat. 

Smith,  Thomas.  Berry,  educator,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Dec.  7,  1850,  near  Bowling 
Green,  Mo.  Since  1886  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  chemistry  and  physics;  and  in 
1901-03  was  acting  president  at  the  Cen- 
tral college  of  Fayette,  Mo.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  Studies  in  Nature  and  Language 
Lessons;  In  Many  Moods,  a  volume  of  po- 
ems; and  Semi-Centennial  History  of  Cen- 
tral College. 


Smith,  Thomas  C,  manufacturer,  finan- 
cier, was  born  Nov.  26,  1815,  in  Bridge- 
hanipton,  N.Y.  He  received  his  education 
in  the  district  school  and  under  private 
teachers.  He  is  the  discoverer  and  manu- 
facturer of  the  true  hard  vitreous  porce- 
lain, identical  with  French  porcelain,  more 
commonly  known  as  French  china.  He  is 
the  only  manufacturer  in  America  of  that 
choicest  product  of  the  keramic  art.  For 
twenty-four  years  he  was  president  of  the 
New  York  ophthalmic  hospital  and  medical 
college.  For  four  years  he  was  president 
of  a  bank;  and  has  served  as  a  director  in 
several  banking  institutions.  He  is  a  life 
member  of  the  mechanics'  and  traders'  so- 
ciety of  New  York,  the  historical  society, 
the  manufacturers'  association,  and  the 
Haven   relief   fund  society. 

Smith,  Thomas  Church  Haskell,  lawyer, 
soldier,  was  born  March  24,  1819,  in  Acush- 
iiet,  Mass.  He  engaged  in  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Morse  telegraph  system  in  the 
west  and  south;  and  was  president  of  the 
New  Orleans  and  Ohio  telegraph  company. 
At  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war  he  be- 
came lieutenant-colonel  of  the  first  Ohio 
cavalry;  served  under  General  John  Pope 
in  Virginia;  and  became  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers  in  1862.  He  was  mustered 
out  of  the  volunteer  service  in  1866;  in 
1878  entered  the  regular  army  as  major 
and  paymaster;  and  in  1883  was  retired. 
He  died  April  8,   1897,  in  NordhofT,  Cal. 

Smith,  Thomas  Kilby,  soldier,  lawyer, 
diplomat,  was  born  Sept.  23,  1820,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  In  1865  he  was  brevetted  major- 
general  of  volunteers;  and  the  following 
year  was  appointed  United  States  consul 
at  Panama.  In  1887  he  became  engaged  in 
the  business  department  of  the  Star  of 
New  York  City.  He  died  Dec.  14.  1897,  in 
New  York  City. 

Smith,  Thomas  Lochlan,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Dec.  2,  1835,  in  Glasgow.  Scot- 
land. He  removed  to  New  Y'^ork;  and  in 
1869  was  elected  an  associate  of  the  Na- 
tional academy.  He  devoted  himself  chief- 
ly to  painting  winter  scenes.  His  Deserted 
House  and  Eve  of  St.  Agnes  were  at  the 
Centennial  exhibition  at  Philadelphia  in 
1876.  He  died  Nov.  5,  1884.  in  New  York 
City. 

Smith,  Thomas  Mather,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Marcli  7,  1797,  in 
Stamford.  Conn.  He  was  professor  of  the- 
ology in  tlie  Ganibier  seminary  in  1845-63; 
and  president  of  Kenyon  in  1850-54.  He 
(lied   Sept.  6.   1864,  in  Portland,  Maine. 

Smith,  Uriah,  eolletre  president,  author, 
poet,  was  born  I\Iay  2,  1832,  in  West  Wil- 
ton, N.H.  He  was  a  seventh  day  adventist 
writer  of  Battle  Creek.  Mich.;  was  presi- 
dent of  Battle  Creek  college;  and  w^as  ed- 
itor of  Review  and  Herald  of  Battle  Creek. 
Mich.  He  was  tlie  author  of  Looking  Un- 
to Jesus;  Here  and  Hereafter,  or  The  Na- 
ture and  Destinv  of  Man;   A  Word  for  the 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


267 


Sabbath,  in  verse;  The  Marvel  of  Nations; 
Daniel  and  the  Revelation;  The  Sure 
Foundation;  and  Scripture  Pathways  Clear- 
ed of  Stumbling  Stones.  He  died  in  1903 
in  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

Smith,  Truman,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, Initod  States  senator,  was  born  Nov. 
27,    17!U,    in    Rocksbury,   Conn.    He    was    a 

member   of   the   state 

t:^ legislature     in      1831- 

34;    and     in     1839-43 
J  ^      and    1845-49    he    was 

£  ^^B      a     representative     to 

»  wm     the         tAventy-sixth, 

twenty-seventh,  twen- 
ninth  and  thirtieth 
congresses.  He  was 
a  presidential  elector 
in  1844.  In  1849-55 
lie  was  United  States 
senator.  He  was  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the 
court  of  arbitration  in  New  York,  under 
tlie  treaty  of  1862  with  Great  Britain.  He 
(lied    May   3.    1884.   in    Stamford,   Conn. 

Smith,  Vernon  H.,  lawyer,  farmer,  bank- 
er, jurist,  was  born  Dec.  29,  1838,  in  Nor- 
folk county,  Canada.  He  was  educated  in 
the  district  schools.  He  has  attained  prom- 
inence as  a  successful  farmer,  lawyer,  bank- 
er and  jurist  of  Michigan.  He  has  been 
circuit  court  commissioner  of  Ionia  coun- 
ty. Mich.:  and  for  ten  years  was  a  mem- 
lier  of  the  board  of  education  of  that  city. 
In  1882-94  for  twelve  years  he  was  circuit 
jiKlge  of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit  of 
Michigan:  and  still  practices  his  profession 
in    imiia.   Mich. 

Smith,  W.  Roy,  educator,  historian,  au- 
tlior.  was  born  Nov.  16,  1876,  in  Travis 
county.  Texas.  Since  1903  he  has  been  as- 
sociate in  history  at  Bryn  Mawr  college 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
(('uarrel  Between  Governor  Smith  and  the 
(,'oiiiicil  of  the  Provisional  Government  of 
'I'fxas  and  South  Carolina  as  a  Royal  Prov- 
ince. 

Smith,  W.  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1882  he 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of   Arkansas   at   Little   Rock. 

Smith,  Walter  George,  lawyer,  autlior, 
was  born  Nov.  24.  isr)4,  in  Logan  county. 
Ohio,  in  1S77  he  wa.s  admitted  to  the 
firactice  of  hiw.  He  has  been  a  commis- 
sioner to  codify  divorce  laws;  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  <livorce  congress  from  Penn- 
s\lvaiiia;  and  is  presiilent  of  the  cf)nf(M- 
cnce  of  cominissiom'rs  on  uniform  state 
laws.  He  is  tlie  autlior  of  Life  and  Let- 
ters of  Thomas  Kilby  Smith,  Brevet  Ma^ 
jor-JIi'iiiTiil    I'.   S.   \. 

Smith,  Walter  Inglewood,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  July  10,  1862.  in 
Council  Blutls,  Iowa.  He  practiced  law  in 
Council  BiufTs,  Iowa.  In  1S90-1900  he  was 
judge  of  the  fifteenth  judicial  district  of 
Iowa.  In  1901-11  he  was  a  representative 
from     Iowa     to     the     fifty-seventh,     fifty- 


eiglitli,   fifty-ninth,   sixtieth    and   sixty-first 
congresses  as   a  republican. 

Smith,  Walter  Lloyd,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Ai)ril  IS,  1856,  in  Elniira,  N,Y.  He 
began  the  practice  of  law  in  1879.  In  1888 
he  became  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  New  York  for  the  sixth  district, 
liis   present   term   expiring  in   1916. 

Smith,  Walter  Scott,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  July  20,  1875,  in  Lineville, 
Ala.  He  is  a  lawyer;  and  in  1904  he  was 
a  candidate  for  congress.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Alabama  state  senate  for  Clebourne, 
Clav  and  Coosa  counties. 

Smith,  Wesley,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  Mav,  1805,  in  Ireland.  He  was  the 
author  of  A  Defence  of  the  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Ciiurch;  Guide  to  a  Happy  Home; 
and  Sprinkling  or  Pouring  the  Only  Scrip- 
tural Mode  of  Baptism.  He  died  Oct.  28, 
1888.  in   Sliarpsburg.  Pa. 

Smith,  Wickliffe  Robert,  educator,  legis- 
lator, author,  was  born  June  11,  1875,  in 
Celina,  Tenn.  He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic scliools;  and  graduated  from  Liberty 
college  of  Glasgow,  Ky.  For  several  years 
he  was  engaged  in  educational  work;  and 
was  editor  of  the  educational  department 
of  the  Wisconsin  Republican,  Since  1904 
he  has  been  a  member  of  the  assembly  of 
tlie  Idaho  state  legislature;  and  is  prom- 
inently idiMitified  with  the  business  and 
public  affairs  of  Cameron,  Idaho.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  Blades  of  Bluegrass;  The  Mid- 
niglit  Freight:  Derivative  Words;  and  Syn- 
onvms. 

Smith,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Oct.  8,  1697,  ill  England.  He  graduated  from 
Yale  in  1719;  served  as  tutor  there  for  five 
years:  and  in  1724  returned  to  New  York 
City  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  His 
eloquence  and  address  soon  brouglit  him 
into  notice.  He  died  Nov.  22,  1769,  in  New 
York   City. 

Smith,  William,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1721  in  Seotland.  He  was  an  epis- 
copal clergyman  of  Philadelphia;  and  in 
1754  was  made  first  provost  of  the  uni- 
versitv  of  Pennsylvania.  A  General  Idea 
of  the  College  of  "Mirania  first  brought  him 
to  the  kiiowle(lge  of  Franklin,  who  was 
then  laying  jilans  for  the  university.  He 
was  the  author,  also,  of  Brief  Account  of 
the  Province  of  Pennsylvania;  Sermons; 
:ind  Discourses  on  Piildic  Occasions.  He 
died    May    14,    1803.   in    Philadelphia.   Pa. 

Smith,  William,  clcr- yiiian.  was  born  in 
1727  in  Scotland,  lie  was  a  noted  divine 
of  I'liiladelpliia,  Pa.  He  died  May  14,  1803, 
ill   I'hiladeliihia,  Pa. 

Smith,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  June  28.  1728.  in  New  Y'ork  City. 
He  was  a  jurist  of  New  York  City:  was  a 
loyalist  during  the  revolution;  and  in  1786 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  Canada.  He 
was  the  author  of  History  of  the  Province 
of  New  York  from  Its  Discovery  to  1732. 
He  died  Nov.  3,  1793,  in  Quebec,  Canada. 


268 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


on 
of 


Public    Occa- 
sermons.     He 


Smith,  William,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1730  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1777-78  he 
was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the  con- 
tinental congress;  and  in  1789-91  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  first  congress.  He 
was  then  appointed  auditor  of  the  treasury. 
He  died  March  27,  1814,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
Smith,  William,  educator,  author.  In  1754 
he  was  elected  the  first  provost  of  the  col- 
lege of  Philadelphia,  serving  until  1779. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Brief  Account  of 
Philadelphia;  Discourses 
sions;  and  a  collection 
died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Smith,  William,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1754  in  Scotland.  He  was 
an  episcopal  clergyman  of  Newport,  R.I., 
and  elsewhere;  and  of  some  note  as  an  ed- 
ucator in  his  day.  He  was  the  author  of 
Kssays  on  the  Christian  Ministry.  He  died 
in   1821  in  Newport,  R.I. 

Smith,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator. United  States  senator,  was  born  in 
]7()2  in  North  Carolina.  In  1815-23  and 
1825-31  he  was  United  States  senator  from 
South  Carolina,  officiating  on  two  occa- 
sions as  president  pro  tem.  of  the  senate. 
In  1837  he  received  the  electoral  vote  of 
Virginia  for  vice-president  of  the  United 
Stiites.  He  served  in  the  legislature  of 
South  Carolina;  was  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  that  state;  and  was  a  distinguish- 
ed supporter  of  the  doctrine  of  state  rights. 
He  died  June  10,  1840,  in  Huntsville,  Ala. 
Smith,  William,  diplomat,  congressman, 
was  born  in  South  Carolina.  In  1789-99  he 
was  a  representative  from  Soutli  Cai-olina 
to  the  first,  second,  third,  fourth  and  fifth 
congresses.  In  1897  he  resigned  from  the 
ifth  congress  to  become  United  States  min- 
Mer  to  Portugal.    He  died  Sept.  9,  1901. 

Smith,  William,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Chesterfield,  Va.  In  1821-27  he  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  seven- 
teenth, eighteentli  and  nineteentli  congress- 
es.  He  died  in  \'irginia. 

Smith,  William,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Sept.  0, 
1797,   in   Virginia.    In   1836  he   was   elected 

to  the  state  legisla- 
ture; and  was  re- 
elected in  1840.  In 
1841-43  and  1853-61 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  tlie  twenty- 
seventh,  tliirty-third, 
thirty-fourth,  thirty- 
fifth  and  thirty-sixth 
congresses;  and  in 
1846-49  was  the  twen- 
ty-fourth governor  of 
Virginia.  He  subse- 
quently served  as  a 
brigadier-general  in  the  Virginia  army;  and 
was  wounded  at  Antietam.  He  was  the  war 
governor  of  Virginia  in  1862-65.  He  died 
May    18,   1887,  in  Warrenton,  Va, 

Smith,  William,  historian,  statesman,  au- 
<hor,  was  born  Sept.  7,  1769,  in  New  York. 


He  became  successively  clerk  of  the  pro- 
vincial parliament,  master  in  chancery,  and 
in  1814  secretary  of  state  for  the  colonies 
and  a  member  of  the  executive  council.  He 
^^■as  the  author  of  History  of  Canada  from 
Its  Discovery,  in  two  volumes.  He  died  Dec. 
17,    1847,   in   Canada. 

Smith,  William,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Jan.  9,  1803,  in  Washington,  Ky.  He  en- 
tered the  United  States  navy  as  a  mid- 
shipman in  1823;  served  in  Commodore 
David  Porter's  squadron  against  the  West 
Indian  pirates;  and  became  lieutenant  in 
1831.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  in  the 
frigate  Congress  when  she  was  sunk  by 
the  Merrimac;  became  commodore  in  1862; 
and  was  subsequently  in  command  of  the 
Pensacola  naval  station  until  1865,  when 
he  Mas  retired.  He  died  May  1,  1873,  in 
St.   Louis,   Mo. 

Smith,  William,  soldier,  was  born  March 
26,  1831,  in  Orwell,  Vt.  In  1861-66  he  was 
paymaster  in  the  United  States  volunteers; 
was  paymaster  in  the  regular  army  in 
1867  with  the  rank  of  major;  was  deputy 
paymaster-general  with  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant-colonel in  1888;  and  was  paymaster- 
general  in  1890  with  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  in  the  United  States  army.  He  was 
retired  in   1895. 

Smith,  William  Alden,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, United  States  senator,  was  born  May 
12,  1859,  in  Dowagiac,  Mich.  He  was  ap- 
pointed page  in  the  Michigan  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1879;  and  was  assistant  sec- 
retary of  the  Michigan  state  senate  in 
1882.  He  was  a  member  of  the  republican 
state  central  committee  in  1888,  1890  and 
1892.  In  1895-1907  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth, 
fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth  and  fifty-ninth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  In  1907  he  be- 
came a  member  of  the  United  States  senate 
for  tlie  term  ending  in  1913. 

Smith,  William  Alexander,  banker,  was 
born  Sept.  9,  1820,  in  Pottstown,  Pa.  He 
fust  entered  the  banking  business  in  1844. 
He  was  president  of  the  New  York  stock 
(xcliange  in  1864-66;  and  president  of  same 
in  1866-67.  He  was  vice-president  of  the 
Continental  trust  company  of  New  York 
City;  and  filled  numerous  positions  of  trust 
and   honor.    He   died   about   1909. 

Smith,  William  Alexander,  agriculturist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Jan. 
!),  1828.  in  North  Carolina.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  secession  convention  of  Nortli 
Carolina  in  1861.  He  Avas  a  representative 
in  the  state  legislature  in  1864;  was  a  mem- 
b(>r  of  the  constitutional  convention  in 
ISO.l;  and  was  a  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1870.  He  was  president  of  tlie  North 
Carolina  railroad;  and  of  the  Yadkin  river 
railroad.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  forty-third 
eongress  as  a  republican.  He  died  in  Prince- 
ton,  N.C. 

Smith,  William  Andrew,  clergyman,  au- 
thor,  was   born   Nov.   29,    1802,    in   Freder- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


269 


icksburg,  Va. 


He  was  educated  in  the  south. 
He  was  a  methoilist 
clergyman  of  Virgin- 
ia; and  his  Lecturi's 
on  the  rhilo8ophy 
and  Practice  of  Slav- 
ery are  considered  tlie 
ablest  presentation  of 
the  pro-slavery  side 
of  the  question.  He 
took  an  active  part  in 
the  abolitionist  move- 
ment ;  and  contrib- 
uted valuable  articles 
on  that  question  to 
the  leading  newspapers  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  March  1,  1870,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va. 

Smith,  William  Benjamin,  educator, 
mathematician,  author,  was  born  Oct.  26, 
1850,  in  Samford,  Ky.  In  1893-1906  he  was 
professor  of  mathematics;  and  is  now  pro- 
fessor of  philosophy  at  the  Tulane  univer- 
,sity  of  New  Orleans,  La.  He  is  the  author 
of  Introductory  Modern  Geometry;  Infini- 
tesimal Analys'is;  and  Clew  to  Trigonome- 
trv. 

Smith,  William  Cadid,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  April  17,  1857,  in  Howard  county,  Ind. 
He  has  attained  success  as  a  lawyer  and 
counselor  of  Delphi,  Ind.  He  has  lilled  the 
olHces  of  public  prosecutor,  master  com- 
missioner and  city  attorney. 

Smith,  William'  E.,  state  legislator,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  1824  in  Scotland.  He 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin 
legislature  in  1851;  and  re-elected  in  1871, 
wIk'u  he  was  made  speaker  of  the  house. 
P.esides  holding  many  other  oflices,  he  was 
tiie  twelfth  governor  of  Wisconsin  in  1878- 
82.    lie  (Ped  about  1890  in  Fox  Lake,  Wis. 

Smith,  William  E.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  14,  1829,  in  Au- 
gusta, (ia.  In  1850  he  was  made  solicitor- 
general  for  tlie  southwestern  circuit.  In 
lS(il  he  entered  the  confederate  army  in 
the  fourth  Georgia  regiment  as  first  lieu- 
tenant; was  elected  captain  in  1862;  and 
lost  a  leg  in  front  of  Richmond.  In  186.3 
he  was  elected  to  the  confederate  house  of 
representatives;  and  continued  in  that  of- 
lice  during  its  existence.  He  then  engaged 
in  agrieultiiral  ])ursuits  and  cotton  plant- 
ing. In  1875-.S1  he  was  a  representative 
from  (ieorgia  to  the  forty-fourth,  forty- 
fifth  and  forty-sixth  congresses  as  a  dem- 
..erat.    He  died   March    11,   1S90,  in   Albany, 

C.A. 

Smith,  William  E.,  lawyer,  statesman,  was 
born  Sept.  10,  1844,  in  Lincoln  county,  Ky. 
Fie  is  a  prominent  lawyer  of  Missouri  at 
I'ineville:  an<l  has  been  a  justice  of  the 
peace  and  probat"-  judge.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  fortieth  general  assembly  of  Mis- 
souri;   and   revised    the   statutes   in    1899. 

Smith,  William  Ernest,  assistant  seerc- 
tiirv  of  the  treasury,  was  l)orn  June  8, 
1852.  in  Rocliester.  III.  In  1885-86  he  was 
assistant   secretary   of   the   treasury;    when 


he  became  general  solicitor  to  the  St.  Paul, 
Minneapolis  and  Manitoba  railroad.  He  died 
.March   30.    1888,   in   Plattsburg,  N.Y. 

Smith,  William  Farrar,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, autlior,  was  born  Feb.  17,  1824,  in 
St.  Albans,  Vt.    In   1841  he  was  appointed 

to  West  Point;  and 
in  1845  graduated  as 
a  topographical  engi- 
neer. In  1845-4G  he 
served  on  a  survey 
of  the  upper  lakes; 
and  in  1849-51  was 
on  the  survey  of 
Texas  and  the  Mex- 
ican boundary.  In 
1861  he  was  a  colonel 
in  the  third  regiment 
Vermont  volunteers ; 
and  in  the  same  year 
became  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  volunteers.  He  commanded  a  divi- 
sion of  the  New  York;  and  Pennsylvania 
militia  at  Gettysburg.  In  1863  he  planned 
and  executed  the  capture  of  Brown's  Fer- 
ry. He  planned  the  battle  of  Missionary 
Ridge;  and  threw  a  bridge  fifteen  hundred 
feet  long  across  the  Tennessee  river  for 
Sherman's  army.  In  1865  he  resigned_  as 
major-general  of  volunteers.  In  1865-75 
he  was  "president  of  the  Inter-national  ocean 
telegraph  company;  and  in  1877  was  pres- 
ident of  the  New  York  board  of  police. 
He  was  the  author  of  From  Chattanooga 
to  Petersburg  under  Generals  Grant  and 
Butler.  He  died  Feb.  28,  1903,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Smith,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  governor,  was  born  April  9,  1826, 
in  Georgia.  He  moved  to  Alabama;  and 
was  twice  ekx^ted  to  the  legislature.  He 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1856;  and  was 
appointed  a  circuit  judge  of  the  state.  He 
was  the  nineteenth  governor  of  Alamaba 
in   1869-71.    He  died  in  1899  in  Alabama. 

Smith,  William  Harrison,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  May  10,  1848,  in 
Furnace,  Va.  He  is  president  of  the  Vir- 
ginia polytechnic  institute  of  New  ]Mar- 
ket,  Va. 

Smith,  William  Hawley,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1845,  in 
Sunderland,  Mass.  In  1874-82  he  was  en- 
gaged in  educational  work;  and  in  1874- 
S2  was  county  superintendent  of  schools 
for  iMcLean  county,  111.  In  1882-87  he  was 
an  editor;  in  1887-93  was  in  the  manufac- 
turing business;  and  since  1893  has  been 
a  h-etiirer.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Evolu- 
tion of  Dodd;  Walks  and  Talks;  The  New 
lianilet;    and   The    Promoter. 

Smith,  William  Henry,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  is:!!!  in  Oliio.  In  1864-70 
he  was  secretary  of  the  state  of  Ohio.  In 
1870  he  took  charge  of  the  alTairs  of  the 
Western  associated  press,  with  headquarters 
at  Chicago.  He  was  tin-  autlior  of  The  St. 
Clair   Papers;    and    Political   History  of  the 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


United   States.    He   died   July  27,    1896,   in 
Lake  Forest,  111. 

Smith,  William  Henry,  railway  official, 
was  born  Aug.  31,  1868,  in  Greensboro,  N. 
C.  He  entered  railway  service  in  1886,  and 
has  been  clerk,  traveling  auditor  and  au- 
ditor of  the  Riclimond  and  Danville  rail- 
road. He  has  since  been  traveling  auditor, 
freight  claim  agent  and  since  1907  auditor 
of  the  Atlanta  and  West  Point  railroad 
and  Western  railway  of  Alabama. 

Smith,   William   J.,   soldier,   agriculturist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept. 
24,   1823,  in  Birmingham,  England.    He   de- 
■•  voted   himself   to   ag- 

ricultural pursuits ; 
and  during  the  civil 
war  was  persecuted 
and  arrested  on  ac- 
count of  his  devotion 
to  the  union  cause. 
He  enlisted  in  the 
volunteer  army  as  a 
private;  and  rose  to 
the  rank  of  brevet 
brigadier-general.  He 
was  a  member  of  the 
convention  to  reor- 
ganize the  state  government  in  Tennessee; 
was  subsequently  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature: and  in  1807  was  elected  to  the  state 
senate.  In  1869-71  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Tennessee  to  the  forty-first  con- 
gress. 

Smith,  William  L.  G.,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  1814,  in  Vermont.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  Uncle  Tom's  Cabin  as  It  Is.  He 
died  in  Vermont. 

Smith,  William  Loughton,  diplomat,  con- 
gressman, autlior,  was  born  in  1758,  in 
Charleston,  S.C.  He  was  a  representative 
in  congress  from  South  Carolina  in  1789-99; 
and  resigned  in  1797  to  become  minister 
to  Portugal;  and  was  minister  to  Spain 
in  1800-1)1.  He  was  the  author  of  Speeches; 
Comparative  View  of  the  Constitutions  of 
the  States;  and  American  Arguments  for 
Hritish  Rights.  He  died  in  1812,  in  Charles- 
ton. S.C. 

Smith,  William  Main,  engraver,  artist, 
was  born  Nov.  23,  1835,  in  New  York.  He 
was  known  as  an  expert  letter  engraver. 
He  was  in  the  employ  of  a  firm  until 
merged,  with  seven  other  companies,  into 
tiie  old  American  bank-note  company  in 
1857,  of  which  he  was  general  manager  un- 
til his  death.  He  died  Jan.  21,  1888,  in 
New  York  City. 

Smith,  William  Moore,  lawyer,  poet,  was 
born  June  1,  1759,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Me  was  appointed  an  agent  for  the  settle- 
ment of  claims  that  were  provided  for  in 
the  6tli  article  of  John  Jay's  treaty,  and 
visited  ICngland  in  1803  to  close  his  commis- 
sion, after  which  he  returned  to  Pennsyl- 
vania and  devoted  the  remainder  of  his 
life  to  scholarly  pursuits.  His  publications 
inclmh-   several   political   pamphlets   and  es- 


says,   and 
March   12. 


a  volume  of  poems.  He  died 
1821,  at  Falls  of  Schuylkill,  Pa. 
Smith,  William  Nathan  Kartell,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept. 
24,  1812.  in  Murfreesborough,  N.C.  In  1840 
lie  was  elected  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  commons;  and  in  1848  was  elected  to 
the  state  senate.  He  was  solicitor  of  the 
lirst  judicial  district  for  eight  years.  In 
185S  lie  was  again  elected  to  the  house  of 
commons,  but  resigned  his  seat;  and  in 
18"0-61  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  thirty-sixth  congress.  He 
took  part  in  the  civil  war  as  a  member  of 
the  so-called  confederate  congress;  and  was 
:i  delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  national 
union  convention  of  1866,  and  the  New  York 
convention  of  1868.  He  died  Nov.  14,  1889, 
ill   Raleigh,  X.C. 

Smith,  William  Orlando,  journalist,  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  June  13,  1859, 
ill  Reynoldsville,  Pa.  He  has  been  editor 
and  proprietor  of  several  ])ublications;  and 
is  now  editor  of  tiie  Spirit  of  Punxsutaw- 
m-y.  Pa.  In  1888-98  he  was  a  member  of 
tlie  Pennsylvania  state  legislature.  In  1903- 
07  lie  was  a  representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  lifty-eightli  and  fifty-ninth  con- 
gresses   as    a    republican. 

Smith,  William  P.,  farmer,  business  man, 
public  ofiicial,  was  born  Sept.  12,  1859.  in 
.Monticello,   111.     He    received   his   education 

in  his  native  city.  He 
has  been  a  success- 
ful farmer  and  inter- 
ested in  real  estate 
and  insurance;  and  an 
abstractor  of  titles. 
For  four  years  he 
was  city  clerk  ot 
Monticello.  111.;  and 
for  four  years  Avas 
secretary  of  the  re- 
l)ublican  county  cen- 
tral committee.  For 
three  years  he  was 
.secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Inter-state 
association  of  live-stock  sanitary  boards; 
and  since  1904  has  been  president  of  that 
association.  In  1903-06  he  was  president  of 
tlie  Illinois  state  board  of  live-stock  com- 
missioners. 

Smith,  William  Redwood,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Jan.  19,  1851,  in  Peru,  111.  He  was 
educated  at  Kenyon  college;  and  in  1872 
graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the  uni- 
versity of  Michigan.  In  1872  he  began 
tlie  practice  of  law  in  Kansas;  and  in  1884- 
SS  was  city  attorney  of  Atchison,  Kan.  In 
1898-1905  he  was  an  associate-justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  of  Kansas. 

Smith,  William  Robert,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  18.  1863,  in 
Smith  countv.  Texas.  In  1888-98  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  "Colorado,  Texas.  In  1898-1903 
he  was  judge  of  the  thirty-second  judicial 
district  of  Texas.  In  1903-15  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative  from  Texas  to  the  fifty-eighth. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF'  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


271 


fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second 
find  sixty-tliird  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Smith,'  William  Rudolph,  la^vjer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  31,  1787,  in  La  Trappe,  Pa. 
He  was  adjutant-general  of  the  territory  of 
Wisconsin  in  1839-52;  and  district  attorney 
of  the  county  for  many  years.  Ho  was 
chief  clerk  of  the  state  senate  in  18-19-50; 
and  attorney-general  in  1856-58.  He  was 
the  author  of  Observation  on  Wisconsin 
Territory,  1S31;  and  History  of  Wisconsin. 
He  died' Aug.  22,   1868,  in  Quincy,  IlTT 

Smith,  William  Russell,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, autlior,  was  born  Aug.  8,  1813,  in 
Tuscaloosa,  Ala.  He  is  a  lawyer  of  Tusca- 
loosa, Ala.;  and  in  1851-57  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thirty-second,  thirty- 
third  and  thirty-fourth  congresses;  and 
during  tliat  period  sat  in  the  confederate 
congress.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Alabama 
Justice;  The  Uses  of  Solitude,  a  poem; 
As  It  Is,  a  novel;  and  Condensed  Alabama 
Reports.  He  died  Feb.  26,  1896,  in  Tusca- 
loosa.  Ala. 

Smith,  William  Russell,  soldier,  lawyer, 
Uirist,  congressnu.n,  author,  was  born  .Marcli 
Russellville,  Ky.  He  removed 
to  Alabama  in  1819; 
and  attended  the  uni- 
versity of  Alabama 
in  1832-35.  He  has 
been  circuit  judge ; 
brigadier-general  o  f 
state  troops ;  was 
United  States  con- 
gressman in  1851-55; 
and  voted  against  se- 
cession in  the  Ala- 
bama secession  con- 
vention of  1861.  In 
1861-65  he  was  a  con- 
federate congressman;  and  in  1861  was  a 
colonel  in  the  twenty-sixth  Alabama  regi- 
ment. In  1870-72  he  was  president  of  the 
university  of  Alabama.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  Alabama  Justice;  Smith's  Con- 
densed Reports  of  Alabama;  College  Muses, 
in  verse;  The  Bridal  Eve,  a  romance  in 
prose  and  verse;  As  It  Is,  a  novel  of  Wash- 
ington life  in  the  '50's;  Debates  in  the 
.Alabama  Convention;  Translation  of 
Honu-r's  Iliad;  Solitude,  a  poem;  and  many 
other  works  listed  in  the  publication  of 
the  Alabama  historical  society  of  1899. 
He  died  F.b.  26,  1896,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Smith,  William  Stephens,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressMian,  was  bnrn  in  1755,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  aide  to  General  Sullivan 
in  1776;  was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  tiiir- 
teeiith  Massachusetts  regiment  in  1778-79; 
and  was  several  times  wounded.  He  was 
then,  for  a  sjiort  time,  attached  to  the 
staff  of  Steuben,  but  left  in  1781  to  be- 
come aide  to  Wasliington.  He  was  sec- 
retary of  legation  umler  .John  Adams  in 
England  hi  1785;  was  surveyor  of  the  port 
of  New  York;  and  served  three  years  as 
a  member  of  the  New  York  assembly.  He 
was  president  of  the  New  York  Cincinnati 


society  in  1804.  In  1813-15  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thirteenth  congress. 
He  died  June  10,  1816,  in  Lebanon,  N.Y. 
Smith,  William  Sooy,  civil  engineer,  con- 
tractor, Avas  born  July  22,  1830,  in  Tarlton, 
Ohio.      In     1849    he    graduated    from    the 

Ohio  university  where 
he  received  the  de- 
grees of  A.B.  and  A. 
M.;  in  1853  gradu- 
ated from  West 
Point;  and  was  ap- 
pointed second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  third 
artillery  and  sta- 
tioned in  New  Mex- 
ico. In  1854  he  went 
to  Chicago,  111.,  and 
entered  the  engineer- 
ing service  of  the 
Illinois  Central  railroad  company.  In  1855- 
57  he  conducted  a  select  school  at  Buffalo, 
N.Y,;  and  in  1857-59  practiced  as  civil 
engineer.  In  1861-64  he  served  as  lieu- 
tenant colonel;  and  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  in  the  United  States  army.  He 
has  since  been  engaged  as  a  civil  engineer 
in  Chicago,  111.,  and  has  done  much  diflfi- 
cult  work  as  engineer  and  contractor  for 
tlie  United  States  government  and  railroad 
companies.  He  built  the  first  all-steel 
railroad  bridge  in  the  world;  and  intro- 
duced into  this  country  a  freezing  process 
for  dillicult  subaqueous  work.  He  invented 
the  first  pneumatic  caisson  ever  built;  and 
l.as  designed  and  introduced  a  new  system 
of   fireproof   building. 

Smith,  William  Thayer,  physician,  author, 
was  born  :March  30,  1839,  in  New  York 
City.  Since  1907  he  has  been  professor 
emeritus  of  physiology  at  Dartmouth  medi- 
cal school.  He  is  the  author  of  Elementary 
Physiology  and  Hygiene;  and  Primer  of 
Physioloyy   and  nygiene. 

Smith,  William  Waugh,  soldier,  educator, 
author,  was  born  March  12,  1845,  in  War- 
rentown.  Va.     In   1862  he  entered  the  con- 

federate       service. 

Since  1897  he  has 
been  chancellor  of  the 
Randolph-Macon  sys- 
tem of  colleges  and 
aca<lemies.  He  is 
the  author  of  Out- 
lines of  Psychology; 
and  Chart  of  Compar- 
ative Synta.x  of  Latin, 
(lieek.  Fr(>neh,  Cer- 
m  a  n      and      Knglish. 

Smith,  William  Wilberforce,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  April  22,  1858, 
in  Ontonagon.  Mich.  In  1885-95  he  was 
prineijjal  of  the  Englewood  school  for  boys 
in  New'  .Jersey;  and  in  1896-1900  was  en- 
gaged in  bujiiness  in  New  York  City.  In 
1901-03  he  was  headmaster  of  the  Berkeley 
school    of    San    Fransisco,    Cal.;    and    since 


272 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1905   has  been  president   of   Coe   college  at 
Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 

Smith,  Wilmot  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  March  21,  1852,  in  SuiTolk  county,  N. 
Y.  In  1874  he  graduated  from  Cornell 
university  and  attained  prominence  at 
the  bar  of  New  York.  In  1885-91  he  was 
district  attorney  of  Suffolk  county;  and 
in  1892-96  was"  county  judge  of  Suffolk 
county,  N.\\  In  1896  he  became  an  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
tlie  state  of  New  l^ork.  He  died  in  1906,  in 
Patchoguc,    N.\^. 

Smith,  Wilson  George,  pianist,  composer, 
was  born  Aug.  19,  1855,  in  Elyria,  Ohio. 
Having  completed  his  studies  in  music  in 
America  and  Berlin  he  opened  a  studio  in 
his  native  city;  and  his  activity  as  a  com- 
poser, teacher,  editor,  critic  and  essayist 
lias  been  very  successful.  He  has  been 
president  of  the  Ohio  state  music  teachers' 
association.  He  is  the  author  of  Chromatic 
and  Octave  Studies;  and  has  composed  a 
hundred  songs  and  compositions  for  the 
piano. 

Smith,  Winfield,  railroad  president,  capi- 
talist, was  born  Aug.  16,  1827,  in  Fort 
Howard,  Wis.  He  was  president  of  the 
Milwaukee  and  Superior  railway.  He  died 
in   1899,  ill   Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Smith,  Worthington,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1795,  in  Hadley,  Mass.  He  was 
£i  congregational  clergyman  of  Vermont; 
pastor  at  St.  Albans  in  1823-49;  and  presi- 
dent of  the  university  of  Vermont  in  1849- 
56.  He  was  the  author  of  Select  Sermons. 
He  died  Feb.  13,  1856,  in  St.  Albans,  Vt. 

Smith,  Worthington  C,  merchant,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  April  23, 
1823,  in  St.  Albans,  Vt.  He  became  an 
iron  merchant  and  manufacturer.  In  1863 
lie  was  chosen  to  the  legislature  of  the 
state;  and  in  1864-65  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate,  ofliciating  during  the  last 
session  as  president  of  the  senate.  In  1867- 
73  he  was  a  representative  from  Vermont 
to  the  fortieth,  forty-first  and  forty-second 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Jan. 
2.    1894.   in    St.   Albans,  Vt. 

Smith,  Xanthus,  soldier,  artist,  was  born 
Feb.  26.  1839,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is 
known  as  a  marine  and  landscape  painter. 
He  served  during  the  civil  war  under  Ad- 
miral Samuel  F.  DuPont;  and  has  painted 
many  of  the  naval  engagements  of  the  war. 
Smith,  Zachariah  Frederick,  educator, 
railroad  president,  autlior,  was  born  Jan.  7, 
1827.  in  Henry  county,  Ky.  He  was  su- 
perintendent of  public  instruction  in  Ken- 
tucky for  four  years:  and  president  of  the 
Cumberland  and  Ohio  railroad  company. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  History  of  Kentucky. 
Smithers,  Nathaniel  B.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Oct.  8,  1818,  in  Dover,  Del. 
He  was  clerk  of  the  DelaAvare  bouse  of 
ref)resentatives  in  1845-47.  In  1863  he  was 
:i])p()iiited  secretary  of  state  for  Delaware. 
In    1863-65    he   was    a    representative   from 


Delaware    to    the    thirty-eighth    congress. 
He  died  Jan.  16,  1896,  in  Dover,  Del. 

SmitLdeal,  George  Michael,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was   born   Sept.  23,   1855,  near   Salis- 
bury, X.C.     He   taught  school   and  attend- 
ed college  alternately 
for  several  years,  and 
subsequently     became 
a    successful    Spence- 
i  s|  rian  penman.   In  1883 

\^    '^j.    IB  he  opened  the  Smith- 

deal    business    college 
j^         ^'  in    Greensboro,    N.C., 

#*^|     :f  which    institution    he 

subsequently  moved 
to  Richmond,  Va.  He 
has  gradually  built 
one  of  the  finest  in- 
stitutions of  the  kind 
in  the  country,  buying  and  uniting  several 
other  schools  of  similar  character  with 
the  Smithdeal  college,  of  which  he  is  presi- 
dent. He  is  the  author  of  Smithdeal's 
Bookkeeping,    and    other    works. 

Smithey,    Royall    Bascom,    educator,    lec- 
turer,   author,   was   born   Jan.   20,    1851,   in 


Va. 


He  received  the  rudi- 


Amelia  county, 
i.ients  of  his  education  in  the  public 
schools;  and  in  1876  graduated  from  the 
Randolph-Macon  college  with  the  degree  of 
A.M.  He  served  for  one  year  as  adjunct- 
professor  of  mathematics  at  the  Randolph- 
,AIacon  college  of  Ashland,  Va.;  and  sirice 
1878  has  been  full  professor  of  mathematics 
in  that  institution  of  learning.  For  some 
years  after  his  appointment  to  the  Ran- 
dolph-Macon college  he  was  engaged  in 
advanced  math' ;iiatics  at  the  university  of 
Chicago.  Hl'  is  the  author  of  History  of 
Virginia:  Civil  (iovernment  of  Virginia; 
and    several    ^Monographs. 

Smith  son,  James  L.  M.,  scientist,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  in  England.  The  Smith- 
sonian institution  of  Washington  was 
founded  by  congress  in  1846,  in  accordance 
with  the  will  of  James  L.  M.  Smithson, 
who  bequeathed  for  its  establishment  over 
a  half  a  million  dollars,  and  t!ie  institution 
was  named  in  his  lionor.  He  died  in  1829, 
in    Genoa,    Italy. 

Smithwick,  John  Washington  Pearce, 
physician,  surgern,  author,  was  born  Aug. 
19."  1870,  in  Bertie  county,  N.C.  He  at- 
tained success  in  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession in  La  Grange,  N.C.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Young  Mountaineer  and  The 
Passing  of   the  Negro  Race. 

Smock,  John  Conover,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  21,  1842,  in  Holmdel,  N.J. 
He  was  assistant  in  charge  of  the  New 
York  State  museum  in  1885-90;  and  in 
1890-1901  was  state  geologist  of  New  Jer- 
sey. He  is  the  author  of  Report  on  Clay 
Deposits;  and  On  Building-Stones  in  New 
York. 

Smoke,  Elmyra  J.,  poet,  was  born  in 
1832.  in  Clinton  county,  Ohio.  Her  poems 
have    principally    appeared    in    the    leading 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


273 


publications  of  the  Pacific  coast,  and  sev- 
eral have  been  given  place  in  standard 
collections. 

Smoot,  Reed,  banker.  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  Jan.  10,  1862,  in  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah.  He  was  educated  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Utah;  and  in  187!)  graduated 
from  "the  Rrigham  Young  academy.  He 
is  president  of  the  Provo  commercial  and 
savings  bank:  president  of  the  Smoot  drug 
company;  president  of  the  Provo  electric 
company;  president  of  the  Sioux  consoli- 
dated mining  company;  president  of  the 
Provo  woolen  mills  company;  and  vice- 
l)resident  and  director  of  many  of  the  lead- 
ing banks  and  industrial  establishments  of 
Utah.  He  is  one  of  the  twelve  apostles 
of  the  cluirch  of  Jesus  Christ  of  latter- 
day  saints.  In  1003  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  United  States  senate;  and  in 
H)()0   was    re-elected. 

Smybert,  John,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
about  1(;S4.  in  Scotland.  The  best  portraits 
which  we  have  of  the  eminent  magistrates 
and  divines  of  New  England  and  New  York 
who  lived  between  1725  and  1751  are  from 
his  pencil.  His  most  important  work  is 
the  painting  of  Bishop  Berkeley  and  his 
familv,  executed  in  1731.  and  presented 
to  Yale  college  in  1808.  He  died  in  1751, 
in   Boston,  ^Inss. 

Smyser,  Martin  Luther,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  April  3,  1851.  in 
Wayne  county,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in 
the  country  schools;  and  graduated  from 
Wittenberg  college  and  received  the  de- 
grees of  A.B.  Since  1872  he  has  practiced 
law  in  all  the  courts  of  Ohio.  For  one 
term  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Wavne  county;  and  was  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  of"  Ohio.  In  1880-91  and  1005- 
*  07  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  fifty-first  and  fifty-second  congresses 
i.s   a   re])ublican. 

Smyth,  Albert  Henry,  educator,  author, 
was  born  June  18,  1803,  in  Phi]a(l(]i)hia, 
Pa.  In  1885-86  he  was  assistant  librarian 
of  the  -lohns  Hopkins  university;  and  in 
1886  became  professor  of  English  language 
and  literature  in  the  Central  high  school 
of  Phila(l(d|)hia.  He  was  the  founder  and 
editor  of  Shakesperiana,  the  first  magazine 
over  devoted  to  the  study  of  a  single 
iuithor.  He  was  the  author  of  Ameriean 
Literattire;  and  Life  of  Bayard  Taylor.  He 
died    ill    i;i{l7.    in    I'hiladelpliia.    Pa. 

Smyth,  Alexander,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
f oiigressnian,  author,  born  in  1765,  in  Ire- 
land. He  was  a  member  of  the  \'irginia 
legislature.  He  was  api)ointed  a  colonel 
cf  rifles  in  1808;  and  in  1812  was  ap- 
pointed acting  inspector-general,  with  rank 
of  brigadier-general.  In  1817-25  and  1827-31 
lie  was  a  rejiresentative  from  Virginia  to 
(he  fifte<'nth.  sixteenth,  seventeenth,  eigh- 
teenth, twentieth  and  twenty-first  con- 
gresses. He  was  the  author  of  Regulations 
for    United    States    Infantry;    and    a    pam- 


phlet on  the  Apocalypse.    He  died  April  26, 
1830.  in  Washington.  D.C. 

Smyth,  Andrew  Woods,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Feb.  15,  1833,  in  Ireland. 
In    1864   he    performed    the    first    and    only 

recorded  operation  of 
tying  succesfully  the 
arteria  innominata 
for  subclavian  aneur- 
ism; and  in  1864  he 
also  ligated  the  ver- 
tebral artery  for  the 
first  time  in  the  his- 
tory of  surgery.  In 
1866  he  made  the 
first  successful  re- 
duction of  a  disloca- 
tion of  the  femur  of 
over  nine  months' 
duration;  and  in  1870  performed  the  opera- 
tion of  extirpation  of  the  kidney,  then  al- 
most unknown  to  the  profession.  In  1880 
he  published  a  brochure  on  the  structure 
and  function  of  the  kidney  showing  the 
use  of  the  malpighian  bodies  and  the  im- 
possibility of  a  communication  existing  be- 
tween the  interior  of  their  capsule  and  the 
uriniferous    tubes. 

Smyth,  Clement,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  Jan.  24,  1810,  in  Ireland.  He  w;as 
a  Roman  catholic  bishop  of  Iowa.  He  died 
Sejit.  27,  1865,  in  Dubuque,  Iowa. 

Smyth,  David  McConnell,  inventor,  was 
born  July  3.  1833,  in  Ireland.  He  is  the 
inventor  of  a  method  for  shaving  veneer 
wood;  a  machine  for  cutting  wooden  tooth- 
picks; and  the  adjustable  mitre-box,  now 
in  universal  use. 

Smyth,  Egbert  Coffin,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Aug.  24,  1820, 
in  Brunswick,  Maine.  He  was  a  congre- 
gational clergyman ;  and  professor  of  ec- 
clesiastical history  at  Andover  seminary. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Value  of  the 
Study  of  Church  History  in  :\linisterial 
Ivlucation;  and  translation  of  I'lilhorn's 
Contlict  of  Christianity  and  Heatlieiiism. 
He   died   in    1004,   in   Andover,   Mass. 

Smyth,  Ellison  Adger,  soldier,  manufac- 
turer, banker,  was  born  Oct.  26,  1847,  in 
Charleston.   S.C.      He    was    educated    in    the 

South  Carolina  mili- 
tary academy.  He 
served  in  the  confed- 
erate states  army 
(luring  the  civil  war. 
lie  is  president  of 
the  Pelzer  manufac- 
turing company,  the 
largest  cdttoii  mills 
in  the  Soiitli;  jiresi- 
dent  of  the  Chieora 
savings  bank;  presi- 
dent of  the  Money- 
nick  oil  mill;  jiresi- 
broom  and  mattress 
(>f  the  Belton  cotton 
the    Ninetv-Six    cotton 


dent    of    the    Dexter 
company;    jiresident 
pri'sident 


mill: 


of 


274 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


mill  of  South  Carolina;  and  a  director  and 
officer  in  many  other  corporations.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  United  States  industrial 
commission  of  Washington;  president  of 
the  Cotton  manufacturers'  association  of 
South  Carolina ;  vice-president  of  the  Na- 
tional civic  federation;  and  vice-president 
of    the    American    Asiatic    society. 

Smyth;  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1764-76  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of   New   Jersey. 

Smyth,  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1895-1909  he  was  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of  New   York. 

Smyth,  George  W.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Nortli  Carolina.  In  1853-55  he 
was  elected  a  representative  from  Texas 
to  the  tliirty-third  congress.  He  died  in 
'J'exas. 

Smyth,  Herbert  Weir,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  8,  1857,  in  Wilmington, 
Del.  He  was  educated  at  Swartlunore 
college  and  Harvard  university;  and  in 
1884  graduated  with  tlie  degree  of  Ph.D. 
from  the  university  of  Cottingen.  In  1888- 
1901  he  was  professor  of  Greek  at  Bryn 
]\Iawr  college;  and  since  1901  has  been 
I'^liot  professor  of  Glreek  literature  at  Har- 
vard university  of  Cambridge,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  Creek  Dialects;  and  Greek 
jMelic  Poetry. 

Smyth,  Julian  Kennedy,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  in  1856,  in  New  York.  He 
is  a  Swedenborgian  clergyman.  He  is  the 
author  of  Footprints  of  the  Savior;  and 
Holy  Names  as  Interpretations  of  the  Story 
of  the   Manger   imd   the  Cross. 

Smyth,  Newman,  clergyman,  author,  was 
horn  June  25.  1843,  in  Brunswick,  Me.  He 
has  been  pastor  of  the  First  church  at 
New  Haven  since  1882.  He  is  the  author 
of  Old  Faiths  in  New  Light;  The  Ortho- 
dox Theology  of  To-Day;  The  Religious 
Feeling;  The  Morality  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment; Personal  Creeds;  Christian  Ethics; 
Dorner  on  the  Future  State;  The  Reality 
of  Faith;  and  The  Place  of  Death  in  Evo- 
lution. 

Smyth,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  14,  1808,  in  Ireland.  He  was  a 
presbyterian  clergyman  of  Charleston;  and 
pastor  of  tlie  Second  church  in  1832-73.  He 
was  the  autlior  of  Lectures  on  the  Pre- 
liitical  Doctrine  of  the  Apostolical  Succes- 
sion; History  of  the  Westminster  Assem- 
bly; Why  Do  I  Live?;  Solace  for  Bereaved 
Parents;  Calvin  and  His  Enemies;  and  Ec- 
clesiastical Republicanism.  He  died  Aug. 
20.    1873,   in    Charleston,   S.C. 

Smyth,  Thomas  A.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ireland.  He  served  through  the  civil  war; 
J!  11(1  for  gallant  and  nu-ritorious  services  re- 
ceived the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
died    April   6.   1865.   in  Farmville.  Va. 

Smyth,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Jan.  3,  1824.  in  Ireland.  In 
1848-53  he  was  attorney  for  Linn  county, 
Iowa;  was  judge  of  the  same  in  1854-57; 
and   in    1858   was   ap))()inted  a  commissioner 


^1 


to  codify  the  state  laws.  He  was  a  col- 
onel of  Iowa  volunteers  in  1862-64.  In 
1869-71  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa 
to  the  forty-first  congress.  He  died  Sept. 
30.   1870,  in  Linn  county,  Iowa. 

Smyth,  William,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  1797^  in  Pittston,  Maine.  He  was 
educated    in    tlie    public    schools,    academies 

and  theological  semin- 
aries of  New  England. 
He  was  professor  of 
mathematics  at  Bow- 
doin  college  in  1825- 
68.  Jle  was  the  au- 
tlior of  Elements  of 
Algebra ;  Treatise  on 
Algebra;  Trigonome- 
try, Surveying,  and 
Navigation ;  Elements 
of  Analytical  Geome- 
try ;  Elements  of  the 
Differential  and  In- 
tegral Calculus;  and  Lectures  on  Modern 
History.  He  died  April  3,  1868,  in  Bruns- 
wick, Maine. 

Smyth,  William  Henry,  consulting  en- 
gineer, inventor,  was  bt)rn  May  16,  1855,  in 
England.  Since  1879  he  has  been  engaged 
in  general  practice  as  a  consulting  engineer. 
He  has  invented  a  drag  saw;  invented  ma- 
chines for  making,  soldering,  testing  and 
heading  cans;  invented  a  hydraulic  and 
chain  bucket  dredger;  invented  a  printing 
press;  and  many  other  mechanisms,  all  pro- 
tected by  patents. 

Smythe,  Augustine  Thomas  C,  soldier, 
lawyer,  was  born  Oct.  5,  1842,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  He  served  throughout  the  civil 
war  in  the  confederate  states  army.  In 
]8S0-!)4  he  was  a  member  of  the  *  South 
Carolina    state    senate. 

Smythe,  F.  H.,  farmer,  miner,  statesman, 
was  born  Aug.  19,  1850.  in  Plainesville, 
Ohio.  He  M'as  educated  at  Springfield,  111. 
He  is  a  successful  farmer  and  miner  of 
Middletown,  Cal.;  has  been  supervisor;  and 
is  now  a  representative  from  the  twelfth 
district  to   the  California  state   legislature. 

Smythe,  Frederick,  banker,  governor,  was 
Lor;i  ill  1819.  He  was  the  twenty-eighth 
governor  of  New  Hampshire  in  1865-67.  He 
died   April   20,    1899,   in   Bermuda. 

Smythe,  Henry  Maxwell,  journalist,  law- 
yer, diplomat,  was  born  Oct.  13,  1844,  in 
Gate  City,  Va.  In  1872  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  and  in  1889-90  edited  a  news- 
paper. He  was  United  States  consul  to 
Fuchow,  China:  minister  resident  and  con- 
sul-general to  Hayti;  and  charge  d'aft'aires 
to  San  Domingo  for  four  years.  He  later 
became  engaged  in  farming  and  stock  rais- 
ing; and  built  an  electric  railway  system 
in   ^^'isco^lsin   county.  Va. 

Smythe,  Sidney  Thomas,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  was  born  IMay  18, 
1862,  in  Canada.  In  1885  he  was  ordained 
deacon;  and  in  1886  was  ordained  to  the 
priesthood.      Since    1894    he   has    been    ])resi- 


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275 


(lent  and  professor  of  Greek  language  and 
literature  at  St.  John's  military  academy. 
Snapp,  Henry,  lawyer,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  .lutie  30,  1S22,  in  Liv- 
ingston county,  X.V  He  was  elected  to  the 
Illinois  state  senate  in  ISfi!);  and  in  1871- 
73  he  was  a  reiiresentative  from  Illinois  to 
the  forty-second  congress  as  a  re])ublican. 
Smythe,  William  Ellsworth,  journalist, 
publicist,  lecturer,  author,  was  born  Dec.  24, 
1S()1.  in  ^f  OJXN'ster,  Mass.    He  entered  the  field 

of  journalism  in  1877; 
e(lit('<l  various  weekly 
and  daily  newspa- 
pers; and  in  18!)1 
he  founded  the  Irri- 
gation Age,  the  lirst 
irriuation  publication 
ill  the  world.  In  1891 
he  founded  the  na- 
tional irrigation  con- 
gress wdiieh  finally 
lead  to  the  adoption 
of  the  new  national 
irrigation  policy.  In 
1!M)2  lie  was  democratic  candidate  for  con- 
gress from  the  eigiitli  district  of  California. 
.  .nee  I'.IOl  lie  has  been  one  of  the  editors  of 
Out  West  at  San  Dii'go,  Cal;  and  is  presi- 
dent of  House  of  the  litth'  landers,  a  cor- 
poration of  San  Diego,  Cal.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Conquest  of  Arid  America; 
Constructive  Democracy;  and  History  of 
Santiago. 

Snapp,  Howard  M.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Sept.  27.  IS-w.  in  Joliet,  111.  Since 
187!>  he  has  practiced  law  in  .Joliet,  111.; 
;;ii(|  ill  1884  was  master  in  chancery  of 
Will  county  court.  In  1903-11  he  was  a 
representative  from  Illinois  to  the  fifty- 
eightli,  lifty-ninth.  sixtieth  and  sixty-lirst 
congresses  as  a   repuhlican. 

Sneath,  E.  Hershey,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  7.  18.")7,  in  Mountville.  Pa. 
He  is  professor  of  philosophy  in  Yale  uni- 
\  (  rsity.  He  organized  and  edited  'i'he  Mod- 
ern I'liilosophers  Series,  in  eight  vt)lnmes; 
and  the  Ethical  Series,  in  six  volumes. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Philosophy  of 
Heid;  The  Ethics  of  Hobbes;  and  I'hi'loso- 
pliy    and    I'oetry. 

Snead,  Ttomas  Lowndes,  soldier,  lawyer, 
autlioi',  was  born  -Ian.  10.  1828,  in  Henrico 
lounty,  \'i.  He  was  a  St.  Louis  lawyer; 
an<l  served  in  tiie  confederate  army.  After 
ISG;")  lie  resumed  Ills  profession  in  New  York 
City.  H<'  was  the  author  of  The  Fight  for 
Mi.ssouri  in  ISC.l.  lie  died  Oct.  17,  1890, 
in    New    ^'oik   (ity. 

Snee,  John  A.,  merchant,  linamier.  was 
horn  Feb.  2.  18(12.  in  Cill  Hall,  I'a.  In  188.{ 
he  was  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  in 
rittsburg.  I'a.  Since  1884  he  has  devoted 
himsidf  to  the  development  of  oil  and  gas 
territory    in   western    Pennsylvania. 

Sneed,  Frank  Woolford,  clergvman.  was 
born  April  22.  18(i2,  near  Sedalia.  Mo.  He 
filled   pastorates   in   the   Presbyterian   ehiu'ch 


of  Riverside,  111.;  in  the  First  presbyterian 
church  of  Columbia,  Mo.;  in  the  First  pres- 
byterian church  of  Minneapolis;  ana  in 
the  ])rebyterian  church  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.    ■ 

Sneed,  John  Louis  Taylor,  soldier,  law- 
\ir,  jurist,  state  legislator,  author,  was  born 
■.May'  12.  1820,  in  Raleigh,  N.C.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Tennessee  legislature  in 
1845;  and  was  captain  of  a  Tennessee  com- 
jiany  in  the  ]Mexican  war  in  1846-47;  at- 
torney-general ■Memphis  circuit  in  1851 ; 
attorney -general  of  Tennessee  during  1854- 
59 :  and  brigadier-general  provisional  army 
ill  18()1.  He  was  judge  of  the  state  su- 
])reine  court  in  1870-78,  and  of  the  court 
of  arbitration  in  1879,  and  judge  of  the 
state  court  of  referees  in  1883-84.  In  1888 
he  was  chosen  president  of  the  Memphis 
school  of  law.  In  1894-1900  he  was  chan- 
cellor at  ^remphis,  Tenn.  He  is  the  author 
of  Rejjorts  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Ten- 
r.essee.  1854-59.  He  died  in  1901,  in  Mem- 
phis,   Tenn. 

Sneed,  William  H.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.  In  1855-57 
he  was  a  representative  from  Tennessee  to 
the  thirty-fourth  congress.  He  died  in 
Tennessee. 

Snell,  Henry  Bayley,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Sept.  29,  1858,  in  England.  In  1900 
he  was  an  assistant  director  of  fine  arts  of 
the  United  States  commission  to  the  Paris 
ex|)Osition.  He  is  a  national  academician; 
and  is  president  of  the  New  Y'ork  water 
color    club. 

Snell,  Thomas.,  clergyman,  was  born  Nov. 
21,  1774.  in  Cummington,  Mass.  In  1798- 
1802  he  was  i)astor  of  the  Second  congrega- 
tional church  of  North  Brookiield,  Mass.  He 
was  the  author  of  Historical  Sketches  of 
the  First  Congregational  Church  of  North 
P.rookfield.  He  died  :\Iay  4,  1862,  in  North 
Ihookfield,    IMass. 

Snelling,  Henry  Hunt,  author,  was  born 
Nov.  8.  1817.  in  Plattsburg,  N.Y.  In  1871- 
87  he  edited  the  Reflector  of  Cornwall,  N.Y.; 
which  he  relinrjuished  owing  to  blindness. 
He  is  the  author  of  History  and  Practice 
of  Photography;  and  Dictionary  of  the 
Pliotogra])liic    Art. 

Snelling,  Josiah,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
in  1782,  in  I'xiston.  Mass.  He  was  distin- 
yuished  in  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe  in  1811; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  colonel.  He 
was  the  author  of  Remarks  on  General 
TIuH's  Memoirs.  He  died  Aug.  20.  1829, 
in    W  ashinyton,    D.C. 

Snelling,  William  Joseph,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  26.  1804.  in  Boston, 
Mass.  About  1828  he  became  connected 
with  several  joniiials;  and  for  a  few  yars 
before  his  death  was  editor  of  the  Boston 
Herald.  l\vi  was  the  author  of  The  Polar 
Regions  of  the  Western  Continent  Explored; 
Truth:  a  Satirical  Poem;  and  Six  Months 
in  a  House  of  Correetifin.  He  died  Dec.  24, 
1818.    in    Chelsea.    Mass. 

Snethen,  Nicholas,  clergyman,  author, 
was   iiorn    \ov.    15.    1769,  in   (ilen   Covi',  L.l. 


276 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He  was  a  methodist  itinerant  preacher; 
and  active  in  the  formation  of  the  meth- 
odist protestant  denomination.  He  was 
the  author  of  Preaching  the  Gospel;  Lay 
Representation;  and  Lectures  on  Biblical 
Subjects.  He  died  May  30,  1845,  in  Prince- 
ton,   Ind. 

Snider,  Denton  Jaques,  lecturer,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  9,  1841,  in  Mt.  Gilead,  Ohio. 
He  is  a  literary  lecturer  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  is  the  author  of  System  of  Shakes- 
peare's Dramas;  A  Walk  in  Hellas;  Delphic 
Days,  an  idyl  in  the  elegiac  distich ;  Aga- 
memnon's Daughter,  a  classic  romantic 
poem;  An  Epigrammatic  Voyage;  Goethe's 
Faust;  Commentary  on  the  Literary 
Bibles,  in  nine  volumes;  The  Shakespearean 
Drama ;    and  A  Tour  in   Europe. 

Snider,  Samuel  Prather,  soldier,  agricul- 
turist, manufacturer,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman,   was    born    Oct.    9,    1845,    in    Mt. 

Gilead,  Ohio.  He  en- 
listed as  a  private 
soldier  in  the  sixty- 
fifth  Ohio  volun- 
teer infantry ;  served 
with  his  regiment  in 
Kentucky,        Tennes- 


see, Georgia,  Alaba- 
ma and  Mississippi; 
and  was  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Stone 
River,  and  severely 
wounded  and  taken 
prisoner  at  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga.  He  served  in  West  Ten- 
nessee as  captain  in  the  thirteenth  United 
States  colored  infantry.  He  moved  to 
IMinnesota  in  1876;  organized  and  built  the 
Midland  railway;  and  is  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, mining  and  manufacturing  in  i\Iinne- 
apolis.  He  served  in  the  Minnesota  legis- 
lature in  1884-88;  and  in  1889--91  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fifty-first  congress  as 
a   republican. 

Channing,     soldier,    was 

,   in  New   York  City.     In 

secretary    to     President 

he    was    appointed    from 

paymaster;    and    in    1906 

and    paymaster- 


Sniffen,  Culver 
born  Jan.  1,  1844 
1869-77  he  was 
Grant.  In  1877 
New  York  major 
became 


brigadier-general 


general  in  the  United  States  army.  He 
was   retired   in    1908. 

Sniper,  Gustavus,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Germany.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
twelftli  regiment  New  York  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He   died   March   29,   1894. 

Snively,  Ethan  A.,  journalist,  statesman, 
was  born  Feb.  17.  1845,  in  Cuba,  li^ulton 
county,  Illinois.  He  received  a  thorough  ed- 
ucation in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
state.  He  became  a  successful  printer  and 
journalist;  and  in  1879-81  was  president 
of  the  Illinois  press  association.  In  1878- 
96  he  was  clerk  of  the  su])reme  court,  cen- 
tral grand  division  of  Illinois;  and  has 
filled  various  other  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.      Since    1897   he   has   been   a   member 


of   the   state   board   of   pardons   of   Illinois; 
and  resides  in  Springfield,  111. 

Snively,  William  Andrew,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  6,  1833,  in  Greencastle, 
Pa.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of 
Louisville.  He  Avas  the  author  of  Family 
Prayers  for  the  Christian  Year;  Testi- 
monies to  the  Supernatural;  Parish  Lec- 
tures on  the  Prayer  Book;  Aesthetics  in 
Worshop;  The  Oberammergau  Passion 
Play;  Genealogical  Memoranda;  and  The 
Cathedral  System  in  the  American  Church. 
He  died  in   1901   in  Louisville.  Ky. 

Snodgrass,  Charles  Edward,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  28,  1866,  in  Spar- 
ta, Tenn.  He  moved  to  Crossville  and 
began  the  practice  of  law,  to  which  he  de- 
voted himself  exclusively.  In  1899-1903  he 
was  a  representative  from  Tennessee  to 
tlie  fifty-sixth  and  fiftyrseventh  congresses 
as    a   democrat. 

Snodgrass,  David  Lafayette,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  April  6,  1851,  in  Sparta.  Tenn. 
In  1886-1902  he  was  a  justice;  and  in  1894- 
1902  was  chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Tennessee.  Since  1905  he  has 
been  clerk  of  the  United  States  circuit 
court  for  the  eastern  district  of  Tennes- 
see. 

Snodgrass,  Henry  C,  lawyer  jurist,  was 
born  in  1848  in  White  county,  Tenn.  He 
is  a  noted  lawyer  of  Sparta.  Tenn.  He 
was  attorney-general  of  tlie  fifth  judicial 
circuit  for  eight  years.  In  1891-95  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  fifty-second  and 
fifty-third   congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Snodgrass,  John  Fryall,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  bom  IMarch  2,  1804,  in  Berkele}' 
county,  Va.  In  1853-55  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  to  the  thirty-tliird 
congress.  He  died  June  5,  1854.  in  Park- 
crsburg.  W.Va. 

Snodgrass,  William  Davis,  clergyman, 
autlior.  was  born  June  30,  1796,  in  West 
Hanover,  Pa.  In  1849-85  he  Avas  pastor 
in  Goshen,  N.Y.  In  1830  he  became  a  di- 
rector of  Princeton  theological  seminary; 
and  he  was  president  of  its  board  of  trus- 
tees in  1868.  He  was  the  author  of  Per- 
fectionism. Lectures  on  Apostolic  Succes- 
sion. He  died  May  28,  1885,  in  Goshen, 
N.Y. 

Snook,  John  S.,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  IS,  1862,  near  Antwerp,  Ohio.  In 
1887-90  he  practiced  law  in  Antwerp,  Ohio; 
and  since  then  in  Paulding,  Ohio.  In  1901- 
05  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
tlie  fifty-seventh  and  fiftj^-eighth  congresses 
as    a    democrat. 

Snover,  Horace  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  21,  1847,  in  Ro- 
meo, Mich.  In  1881-85  he  was  probate 
judge  of  Huron  county,  Mich.  In  1895- 
9!)  lie  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- 
fourth  and  fiftj'-fifth  congresses  as  a  re- 
jiublican.  He  is  engaged  in  the  banking 
and  real  estate  business  in  Port  Austin, 
Mich. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


277 


Snow,  Albert  Sydney,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Nov.  18,  1845,  in  Rockland,  Maine. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed  to  tlie  United 
States  naval  academy  from  Maine.  In  1806 
he  was  promoted  ensign;  in  1869  became 
lieutenant:  in  1899  was  commission  cap- 
tain; and  in  1905  attained  tlie  rank  of 
rear-admiral.  Since  1905  he  has  been  com- 
mander in  the  navy  yard  at  Boston,  Mass. 

Snow,  Alvin  Lincoln,  clergyman,  author, 
jioet,  was  born  Jan.  29,  1862,  in  Ellison, 
111.  He  is  the  author  of  Songs  of  the 
Wliite    ^Mountains    and   Other   Poems. 

Snow,  Anna  Le  Conte  Brooks,  president 
of  Daughters  of  the  revolution,  was  born 
Sept.  25,  1855,  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.  She 
is  a  graduate  of  Vassar  college;  and  th(! 
lionored  president  of  the  daughters  of  tlio 
1  evolution. 

Snow,  Caleb  Hopkins,  physician,  author, 
was  born  April  1,  1796,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  History  of  Bos- 
ton; and  Geograph}'  of  Boston  and  Adja- 
cent Towns.  He  died  July  6,  1835,  in  Bos- 
ton. Mass. 

_Snow,  Charles  Henry,  educator,  civil  en- 
gineer, author,  Avas  born  !Marcli  24,  186.3. 
in  New  York  City.  Since  1886  he  has  been 
engaged  in  surveys  and  explorations  as  a 
civil  and  mining  engineer;  and  since  1897 
has  been  dean  of  the  school  of  applied 
science  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Principal  Species  of  Wood. 

Snow,  Elbrldge  Gerry,  underwriter,  was 
born  Jan.  22,  1841.  in  Barkhampsted,  Conn. 
In  1862  he  entered  the  New  Y'ork  office  of 
the  Home  insurance  companj^  of  which  he 
became  the  Massachusetts  general  agent  in 
1873.  In  1885  he  was  appointed  assistant 
secretary  in  the  New  York  office;  three 
years  later  was  elected  a  director  and  vice- 
president  of  the  company;  and  since 
1003  has  been   president  of  the  company. 

Snow,  Francis  Huntington,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  scientist,  was  born  June  29, 
1840,  in  Fitchburg,  Mass.  He  was  principal 
of  the  high  school  of  Fitchburg,  Mass.;  in 
1866-70  was  profes.sor  of  mathematics  and 
natural  science  in  the  university  of  Kan- 
sas; and  professor  of  natural  liistoiy  in 
the  same  institution  during  1870-89.  For 
many  years  he  was  a  professor  of  botany 
and  entomology  in  the  university  of  Kan- 
sas; and  president  ami  chancellor  of  that 
institution.  He  made  frc(|uent  excursions 
upon  the  plains  and  into  tlie  mountains  of 
Colorado  and  New  Mexico,  whieli  ri'sulteil 
in  Viihiabli'  additiojis  t<i  the  Zoological,  Bo- 
tanieal.  ICntonioJogical  ami  Paleonlological 
nuiseums.  He  discovered  many  new  spe- 
cies of  insects,  a  score  of  which  were 
named  in  his  honor.  He  died  Sept.  20, 
1908,  in   BellHeld,  Wis. 

Snow,  Henry  Sanger,  lawyer,  college 
president,  was  born  May  8,  1856,  in  Brook- 
lyn. N.Y.  He  practiced  law  in  New  York 
and  Brooklyn;  and  since  1893  he  lias  been 
treasurer  of  the  New   York  and  New  Jer- 


sey telephone  company.  In  1899-1904  he 
was  president  of  the  Brooklyn  polyteclinic 
institute. 

Snow,  Herman  W.,  soldier,  lawyer,  edu- 
cator, state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born  July  3,  1836,  in  La  Porte  county,  Ind. 
During  the  civil  war  he  served  in  most  of 
the  soutliern  states,  and  was  provost-mar- 
slial-general  of  Georgia  on  Major-General 
Steedman's  staff.  At  the  expiration  of 
service  he  resumed  teaching  in  the  Chicago 
high  school  for  tliree  years.  He  was  elected 
to  the  Illinois  legislature;  and  in  1891-93 
he  was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to 
tlie   fifty-second   congress   as   a   democrat. 

Snow,  Marshall  Solomon,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  17,  1842,  in  Hyannis, 
]\lass.  In  1867-70  he  was  professor  of 
Latin  and  principal  of  Montgomery  Bell 
academy  and  Nashville  university.  In 
1870-74  he  was  professor  of  belles  lettres; 
and  professor  of  history  since  1874  in 
Washington  university.  Since  1871  he  has 
been  dean  of  the  Washington  university  of 
St.  Louis,  ;Mo.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
City  Government  of  St.  Louis;  Some 
Thoughts  on  Municipal  Government;  and 
other  works. 

Snow,  John  F.,  educator,  orator,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  June  17,  1854,  in  Port- 
land. Ind.     He  received  the  degree  of  B.S. 

in  1886.  In  1883-97 
he  was  county  su- 
perintendent of  the 
public  schools  of 
Adams  county,  Ind. 
He  taught  school  in 
the  eastern  part  of 
the  state;  and  in 
1897  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  in  1900 
he  began  the  real  es- 
tate business  and  es- 
tablished the  Snow 
agency;  and  for  sev- 
eral years  has  annually  handled  many  thou- 
sands of  dollars'  worth  of  farm  and  city 
property.  In  1890  he  was  chosen  president 
of  the  Indiana  county  superintendent's  as- 
sociation; and  m  1896  was  nuule  chair- 
man of  the  Adams  county  democratic  cen- 
tral committee.  He  is  an  orator  and  pub- 
lic speaker  of  note.  He  is  the  author  of 
Indiana  Biographies;  Snow's  History  of 
Adams  Countv,  Indiana;  and  the  Rise  and 
Fall    of    the    Political    Parties. 

Snow,  Walter  Bradlee,  mechanical  engi- 
neer, aiillior.  was  born  Aug.  13,  1860,  in 
Watertown,  Mass.  Since  1882  he  has  been 
in  the  active  practice  as  a  mechanical  en- 
gineer. He  has  been  chairman  of  the  park 
commission  and  of  the  [)ublic  library  trus- 
tees of  Watertown,  Mass.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Mechanical  Draft;  and  Steam 
Boiler    I'ractice. 

Snow,  Loren20,  mormon,  author,  was 
born    April    3,    1S14,    in    Mantua,   Ohio.     In 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1837  lie  began 


his  work  as  a  mormon  mis- 
sionary; in  1840  was 
sent  to  Great  Brit- 
ain; was  captain  of 
the  Nauvoo  legion ; 
and  was  prominent 
in  the  mormon  set- 
tlement in  Utah  in 
1848.  In  18:32-82  he 
was  a  member  of  the 
house  or  council.  In 
1893  he  was  elected 
president  of  the 
twelve  apostles  of 
the  mormon  church ; 
and  in  1S!)8  became  president  of  the  church. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Voice  of  Jo- 
seph; and  translated  The  Book  of  Mor- 
mon into  Italian.  He  died  Oct.  10.  1901, 
in   Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Snow,  William  Dunham,  soldier,  lawyer, 
poet,  inventor,  was  born  Feb.  2.  1832,  in 
Webster,  Mass.  Since  his  graduation  at 
Columbia  law  school  in  187C  he  has  prac- 
ticed in  New  York  City  and  in  the  feder- 
al courts.  He  has  invented  a  successful 
carburetter,  a  gas  regulator,  a  thermo- 
static apparatus  for  the  maintenance  of 
equal  heat  for  furnaces  and  steam  a])i)ara- 
tus,  and  a  system  for  fac-simile  telegraphy. 
Ho  is  the  author  of  several  anti-slavery 
poems. 

Snow,    William    W., 
born   in   Massachusetts, 
a    representative    from 
ihirty-second  congress. 
N.Y." 

Snow,  Zerubbabel,  lawyer,  -JTirist.  He 
was  an  early  emigrant  to  the  territory  of 
Utah;  and  in  1850  was  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  ITnited  States  court  for  that  dis- 
trict.   He   died   in   Utah. 

Snowden,  Archibald  Loudon,  soldier, 
lawyer,  diplomat,  invi'ntor,  was  born  Aug. 
11.  1837,  in  Cumberland  county.  Pa.  He 
was  educated  at  Jefferson  and  Washing- 
ton college.  He  was  made  register  of  the 
United  States  mint  in  1857;  became  chief 
coiner  in  1866;  and  in  1877-79  was  post- 
master of  Philad.'lpliia,  Pa.  In  1879-85  he 
was  superintendent  of  the  mint;  and  in 
1878  he  declined  the  ollice  of  general  di- 
rector of  all  the  mints  in  the  United 
States.  He  has  boon  United  States  minis- 
ter to  ({reece,  Roumania,  vServia  and  Spain; 
and  is  now  president  of  the  electric  com- 
pany  of   America. 

Snowden,  James  Henry,  educator,  cler- 
gyman. a\ith()r,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1852,  in 
Hookstown,  Pa,  ,  In  1879-83  he  was  pas- 
tor of  the  pi-esbyterian  church  at  Huron, 
Ohio;  in  1883-80  was  pastor  at  Sharon, 
Pa,;  and  since  1886  has  been  pastor  of 
the  second  ])reshyterian  church  of  Wash- 
ington, I'a.  Since  189S  lie  lias  also  been 
editor  in  ciii(>f  of  the  Presbyterian  Banner 
of  I'ittsburgh,  Pa.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
Scenes  and  Sayings  in  the  Life  of  Christ; 
and  a  Snmjner  Across  the  Sea. 


congressnmn,     was 

In    1851-53   he   was 

New    York    to    the 

He  died  in  Oneonta, 


Snowden,  David  Harold,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, lecturer,  author,  was  born  April 
25,    1842,    in    Fairview    C.    H.,    W.Va.      He 

attained  eminence 

^.*Ki»r-=r=^---  -  ^g    a    clergyman    of 

the  congregational 
church ;  and  filled 
pastorates  in  vari- 
ous cities.  He  re- 
ceived the  degress  of 
M.D.,  Ph.D.,  D.D., 
LL.D.,  F,R.S.,  and 
was  a  member  of 
many  learned  bodies. 
For  many  years  he 
taught  Hebrew  and 
Greek;  was  a  bril- 
liant lecturer;  and  the  author  of  Is  Man 
a  Creation?;  The  Seven  Most  Prominent  of 
tlie  Twenty-Five  Bibles  of  the  World; 
(Jod's  Hand  in  American  History,  and  oth- 
er works.  In  1898  he  was  appointed  assist- 
ant surgeon-general  of  the  western  depart- 
ment, with  the  rank  of  colonel  in  the  reg- 
ular army.  He  died  March  24,  1905,  in 
Sterling,   Kan. 

Snowden,  James  Ross,  numismatist,  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  in  1810  in  Ches- 
ter. Pa.  He  was  speaker  of  the  house  of 
representatives  of  Pennsylvania  in  1842- 
44.  He  was  state  treasurer  in  1845-47; 
v,as  treasurer  of  the  United  States  mint 
in  1847-50,  and  director  of  the  same  in 
1853-01.  He  was  the  author  of  Descriptions 
of  Coins  in  the  United  States  Mint;  De- 
scription of  Medals  in  the  United  States 
:\Iint;  The  Mint  at  Philadelphia;  Coins  of 
the  Bible;  and  The  Corn  Planter  Memorial. 
He  was  also  the  author  of  the  Articles  on 
Coins  of  the  I'nited  States  in  the  National 
Almanac  of  1873,  and  many  pamphlets  on 
the  subject.  He  died  March  21,  1878,  in 
Hnlmeville.   Pa. 

Snyder,  Adam  Clark,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  .Marcli  26.  1834,  in  Highland  county, 
ViA.  For  nine  years  he  was  jmlge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  West  Virginia. 

Snyder,  Adam  W.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1801,  He  frequently 
served  in  the  state  legislature  of  Illinois; 
and  in  1837-39  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  twentv-fifth  congress. 
He   died   May    14,    1842,   in  "Belleville,   111. 

Snyder,  Albert  Whitcomb,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior, was  born  April  8,  1842,  in  Lisbon, 
N.Y.  He  held  a  pastorate  in  Elmhurst, 
N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Living  Church 
Tracts;  The  Chief  Days;  Church  '  Doctrine 
of  the  People;  and  The  Chief  Things.  He 
died    Feb    3.    1914,   at   Elmhurst,   N.Y. 

Snyder,  Carl,  journalist,  author,  was  born 
April  23,  1809,  in  Cedar  Falls,  Iowa,  He 
is  the  author  of  New  Conceptions  in  Sci- 
ence; and  American  Railways  as  Invest- 
ments, 

Snyder,  Charles  McCoy,  journalist,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Ajnil  17,  1859,  in  Belle- 
fonte.  Pa.  In  1884  he  was  on  the  edi- 
torial    staff    of    the    Pittsburgh    Dispatch; 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


2711 


and  is  now  a  journalist  of  Piiiiadclpliia. 
Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Comic  History  of 
(ireece;  Runaway  Robinson;  and  Snap 
Siiots. 

Snyder,  Charles  Philip,  lawyt'r,  congress- 
man, was  born  June  !t,  1847,  near  Ciiarles- 
ton,  W.Va.  In  1876  he  was  elected  pros- 
ecuting attorney  of  Kanawha  county.  W. 
Va.:  was  re-elected  in  1880;  and  in' 1883- 
89  he  was  a  representative  from  West 
Virtjinia  to  the  forty-eighth,  forty-ninth 
and   fiftieth   congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Snyder,  Christopner,  martyr,  was  born 
about  ITT').  He  was  ealled  the  first  martyr 
of  tlie  revolution.  He  died  Feb.  23,  1770, 
in  Boston.  ^lass. 

Snyder,  Elmore  William,  banker,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1850,  in 
Wayne  county,  N.Y.  He  is  the  president 
of  the  Manufacturers'  national  bank  of 
Leavenworth,  Kan. ;  and  president  of  the 
Leavenworth    terminal   railway. 

Snyder,  Greeley  B.,  pliysician,  surgeon, 
was  born  May  8.  1860,  in  Henry  county, 
HI.  He  studied  medicine  in  the  medical 
department  of  the  university  of  Michi- 
gan, and  at  the  Bellevue  Hospital  Med- 
ical college  of  New  York  City,  from  which 
institution  he  graduated  in  1885.  He  has 
attained  success  in  his  profession,  and  is 
one  of  the  leading  physicians  and  surgeons 
of  Iowa   at   Rock  Valley. 

Snyder,  Harry,  educator,  chemist,  autlior, 
was  born  Jan.  26,  1867,  in  Cherry  Valley, 
N.Y.  Since  1891  he  has  been  chemist  of 
the  Minnesota  experiment  station;  pro- 
fessor of  agricultural  chemistry  in  tlie 
university  of  INIinnesota;  and  is  a  collabo- 
rator in  nutrition  investigations  for  the 
Inited  States  department  of  agriculture. 
He  is  tile  autlior  of  The  Chemistry  of 
Plant  and  Animal  Life;  Soils  and  Fertil- 
izers; Dairy  Chemistry;  and  Human  Foods 
ami    Their    Nutritive    Value. 

Snyder,  Henry  Nelson,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Jan.  14,  1865,  in  Ma- 
con, (ia.  Since  1890  he  has  been  professor 
of  English  literature  at  WofTord  college 
of  Spartanburg,  S.C.;  and  since  1902  has 
been   president  of   that   institution. 

Snyder,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1841-43  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  twen- 
ty-seventh congress.  He  died  in  Selins- 
grove.  Pa. 

Snyder,  Jonathan  Le  Moyne,  educator, 
(ollege  president,  was  born  Oct.  29,  1859,  in 
Ihitier  county.  I'a.  In  1887-88  he  was  su- 
perinteiKh'iit  of  schools  for  Butler  couiitv. 
Pa.;  and  in  1889-9t)  was  i)rincii)al  of 
schools  at  Alleghany,  Pa.  Since  1896  he 
has  been  j>resi(Ient  of  the  Michigan  agri- 
cultural   college. 

Snyder,  Oliver  P.,  state  senator,  congress- 
man, was  born  Nov.  13,  1833,  in  Missouri. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  general  a.ssem- 
bly  of  Arkansas  in  1864-05;  and  was  elect- 
ed a  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention   in    18(i7.    He  was   a   presidential 


elector  in  1868;  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  state  senate  for  four  years;  and  was 
appointed  one  of  the  three  commissioners 
to  revise  and  rearrange  the  statutes  of 
Arkansas.  In  1871-75  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Arkansas  to  the  forty-second 
ami  forty-third  congresses;  and  in  1875 
was  appointed  nostmaster  of  Pine  Bluff, 
Ark. 

Snyder,  Simon,  state  senator,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1759,  in 
Lancaster,  Pa.  He  was  several  years  speak- 
er of  the  house  of  representatives  of  Penn- 
sylvania; and' in  1818  was  a  member  of 
tlie  state  senate.  He  was  the  third  gov- 
ernor of  Pennsylvania  in  1808-17.  He  died 
Nov.  9,   1819,  in   Selin's  Grove,  Pa. 

Snyder,  Simon,  soldier,  was  born  Feb. 
9,  1839,  in  Selinsgrove,  Pa.  During  the 
civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  captain. 
In  1890  lie  was  brevetted  major  for  gal- 
lant services  against  Indians  at  Bear  Paw 
^Mountain  in  1877.  In  1898  he  was  appoint- 
ed brigadier-general  of  United  States  vol- 
unteers; and  commanded  various  divisions 
in  the  volunteer  army  at  several  points 
in  the  southern  states.  In  1902  he  was  re- 
tired as  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  army. 

Snyder,  William  Henry,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Feb.  28,  1830,  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 
He  studied  in  Paris;  has  attained  promi- 
nence as  a  painter;  and  is  curator  of  the 
Brooklyn   Art   school. 

Snyder,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  born  June  29,  1858,  in  Belleville, 
111.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city,  and  attended  Washington  university 
of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  is  an  able  lawyer 
of  Belleville,  111.;  has  been  city  attorney; 
served  with  distinction  as  a  member  of 
tlie  house  of  re])resentatives  of  tiie  thirty- 
eighth  and  thirty-ninth  Illinois  general  as- 
semblies. He  is  now  master  in  chancery 
of  his  county;  secretary  of  the  board  of 
trustees  of  the  Illinois  Hi'^torical  library: 
and  HS  prominent  in  the  public  allairs  of 
his  city,  county   and   state. 

Snyder,  William  Lamartine,  lawver.  au- 
thor, was  born  May  10,  1848,  in  Hollidays- 
burg.  Pa.  Since  1876  he  has  been  engaged 
in  the  general  jiractice  of  law  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  Law  of  Relig- 
ious Corporations;  Notaries  and  Commis- 
sioners Manual;  and  Annotated  Interstate 
Commerce  Act  and  Federal  Anti-Trust 
Laws. 

Snyder,  William  Preston,  jihysician,  sur- 
geon, legislator,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1851,  in 
Chester  county.  Pa.  He  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  ills  e(hication  in  the  public 
schools;  anil  in  1873  graduated  from  the 
medical  departnu-iit  of  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1873-86  he  practiced  med- 
icine in  Spring  City,  Pa.:  and  in  1883-85 
was  j)ostmaster  of  that  city.  In  1887-91 
he  was  prothonotary  of  Chester  countv; 
and    in    1878   and    in    1882    was   a    delegate 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


to  the  state  conventions.  In  1891  he  was 
a  representative  in  the  Pennsylvania  state 
legislature;  and  in  1892-1904  was  a  member 
of  the  Pennsylvania  state  senate.  He  was 
auditor-general  of  the  state  of  Pennsyl- 
vania  for   the   term   of   1904-07. 

Snyder,  Z.  X.,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Aug.  31,  1850,  in  Reagan- 
town,  Westmoreland,  Pa.  In  1889-91  he 
was  president  of  the  state  normal  school 
at  Indiana,  Pa.;  and  since  1891  he  has 
been  president  of  the  Colorado  state  nor- 
mal school  at  Greeley,  Col. 

Sobieski,  Eugene  Thadd^us,  soldier,  law- 
yer, lecturer,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1842,  in 
Poland.  He  entered  the  union  army;  and 
fought  through  the  four  years  of  the  civil 
war,  being  honorably  discharged  in  1865. 
He  then  accepted  a  colonel's  commission 
in  the  Mexican  army.  Later  he  settled  in 
Missouri,  where  he  practiced  law;  and  in 
recent  years  has  become  well  known  as  a 
platform    lecturer. 

Sohn,  Joseph,  musician,  author,  was  borji 
March  22,  1867,  in  New  York  City.  He  is 
a  musical  critic  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  author  of  Lessons  of  the  Opera;  Mu- 
sic in  America  and  Abroad;  Carl  Gold- 
mark,  the  Greatest  Living  Operatic  Com- 
poser; Joseph  Joachiiu,  the  Greatest  Liv- 
ing  \'ioliiiist;    and   Opera    in  New    York. 

Solberg,  Thorvald,  public  official,  bibli- 
ographer, was  born  April  22,  1852,  in  Mani- 
towoc, \^'is.  He  was  on  tno  staflF  of  the 
library  of  congress  in  1876-89;  and  spent 
the  greater  part  of  his  time  abroad  until 
appointed  in  1897  as  register  of  copyriglits. 
He  is  the  author  of  Bibliography  of  Copy- 
right. 

Soley,  James  Russell,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  1.  1850,  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 
In  1876-90  he  was  professor  United  States 
navy;  and  1890-93  he  was  assistant  sec- 
retary of  the  navy.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Rescue  of  Greeley;  Foreign  Systems 
of  Education:  The  Blockade  and  the  Cruis- 
ers; The  Boys  of  1812  and  Other  Naval 
Heroes;  History  of  the  Naval  Academy; 
and  The  Sailor* Boys  of  '61. 

Sellers,  Augustus  R.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Maryland.  In  1841-43  and  1853- 
55  he  was  a  representative  from  ^laryland 
to  tlie  twenty-seventh  and  thirty-third  con- 
gresses. He  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1856.    He   died  in   IMaryland. 

SoUey,  Samuel  Edwin,  physician,  sur- 
geon, autlioi-,  was  born  May  5,  1845.  in 
London,  Englajid.  Since  1874  he  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in  Colorailo.  He  has 
been  ])resident  of  the  American  elimato- 
logical  association;  and  in  1901  was  vice- 
president  of  the  International  tuberculosis 
congress.  He  is  the  author  of  Handbook 
of  Medical  Climatology;  and  the  Influence 
of    -Altitude    T'i)on    the    Blood. 

Sollmann,  Torald  Hermann,  educator, 
physician,  scientist,  author,  was  born  Feb. 
10,  1874,  in  Germany.  Since  1904  lie  lias 
been    professor    of    pharmacology    and    ma- 


teria medica  at  the  Western  reserve  med- 
ical college.  He  is  the  author  of  Text- 
book of  Pharmacology,  and  Some  Allied 
Sciences;  and  Textbook  of  Materia  Med- 
ica. 

Somerby,  Frederic  Thomas,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  4,  1814,  in  Newburyport.  He 
was  for  many  years  a  correspondent  of 
the  Boston  Post  and  the  Spirit  of  the 
Times.  He  was  the  author  of,  under  the 
name  of  Cymon,  Hits  and  Dashes,  or  a 
^ledley  of  Sketches  and  Scraps  Touching 
People  and  Things.  He  died  Jan.  18,  1871, 
in    Worcester.    ^Mass. 

oomerby,  Horatio  Gates,  genealogist,  was 
born  Dec.  24.  1805,  in  Newburyport,  Mass. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  England 
Historic-Genealogical  society,  to  whose 
publications  he  contributed  valuable  pa- 
pers; and  a  large  quantity  of  his  unpub- 
lished material  is  in  possession  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Historical  society,  with  which 
he  had  been  connected  since  1859.  He  died 
Nov.    14.    1872.   in   London.  England. 

Somerville,     Henderson     Middleton,    law- 
yer,   jurist,    was    born    March    23,    1837,    in 
Madison    county.    Va.       In    1852-50    he    at- 
tended  the   university 
of      Alabama ;       and 
~.  subsequently     received 

tiie    degrees    of    M.A. 
and    LL.D.      In    1859 
he      graduated      from 
the      law      school      of 
Cumberland       univer- 
sity    of     Lebanon, 
Term.      In    1859-02   he 
was      editor      of     the 
ileinphis    Appeal  ; 
and    in     1862-05    was 
assistant    ])rofcssor   of 
mathematics   and   languages    in    the   univer- 
sity of  Alabama.      In   1873   he   founded  the 
law    school    of   the   university   of   Alabama ; 
and    in    1873-90    was    lecturer    of    constitu- 
tional and  common  and  statute  law  in  that 
institution.      In    1880-90    he    was    associate 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of  Ala- 
bama;   and    in    1890-93    he    was    a    member 
of  the  Peabody  board  of  trustees.     He  has 
been    trustee    of    the    Alabama    insane   hos- 
pital;   in    1876-93    was    a    member    of    the 
state   commission   on    lunacy;    and   in    1892- 
93  was  president  of  the  New  York  medico- 
legal  society.     He   is   now   chairman   of  the 
i)oard  of  classification  in  the  United  States 
customs    appraisers    of   New   Y'ork    City. 

Somers,  Peter  J.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  April  12,  1850,  in  ^lenominee, 
Wis.  In  1882-84  ho  was  attorney  of  the 
city  of  Milwaukee,  and  served  two  years; 
and  in  1890  was  elected  to  the  common 
council,  and  upon  its  organization  was 
elected  president.  He  was  appointed  trus- 
tee of  the  Public  library;  and  in  1.890-94 
was  mayor  of  the  city  of  Milwaukee.  In 
1893-95  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-third  congress  as  a  democrat  to  fill 
a    vacancy. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


281 


Somerville,  William  Clarke,  diplomat,  au- 


llior,    was    bora    March    25,    1790,    in 


St. 


.Mary's  county,  ^Id.  Hi;  was  appointed 
niiiiister  to  Sweden,  but  died  before  reach- 
ing there;  and  was  buried  at  the  Marquis 
Lafayette's  home  at  Lagrange.  He  was 
tlie  autlior  of  Letters  from  Paris  on  the 
Causes  of  the  French  Revolution.  He  died 
Jan.  5,   1S20.  in  France. 

Somes,  Daniel  E.,  banker,  congressman, 
was  born  in  New  Hampshire.  In  185'J-G1 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Maine  to  the 
tliirty-sixth  congiess.  In  1855-57  he  was 
mayor  of  Biddeford,  Maine;  and  in  1856- 
oS  was  piesident  of  the  City  bank  of  that 
city.  He  was  a  member  of  the  peace  con- 
gress of  1801;  and  subsequently  settled  in 
Washington  as  a  claim  agent.  He  died  in 
Wasliinirtnii.    D.C. 

Sommers,  Charles  George,  clergyman, 
autlior,  was  born  Marcli  4,  1703,  in  Eng- 
land. After  a  six  years'  pastorate  in  Troy, 
X.V.,  he  was  called  to  the  charge  of  the 
Sontii  baptist  churcli  in  New  York  Citj^, 
wlure  he  remained  till  his  retirement  in 
18.)(i.  He  was  the  author  of  numerous  con- 
tro\ersial  articles  in  defense  of  baptist  doc- 
trines; edited  a  volume  of  Psalms  and 
llyjuns.  anil  Tlie  Baptist  Library;  and  was 
the  autlior  of  a  Memoir  of  .Jolm  Stanford, 
witli  Selections  from  his  Correspondence, 
lie   died  Dec.    1!»,   1808,   in  New  York   City. 

Sommers,  Henry  Cantine,  journalist,  au 
thor,  was  born  Nov.  22,  1801,  in  New  York 
City.  Since  1899  he  has  been  editor  of  the 
Insurance  Record  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Newspaper  Libel  and  How 
to  Avoid   It. 

SommerviUe,  Maxwell,  archteologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  1,  1829,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  For  ten  years  he  was  professor 
of  glyptology  in  the  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  spent  the  greater  part  of  his 
life  in  Europe  and  Asia,  devoting  more 
than  thirty  years  to  his  quest  of  rare 
gems,  cameos,  intaglios  and  specimens  of 
the  hipidary's  art  of  historical  value.  He 
was  the  author  of  Engraved  Gems.  He 
(lied   May  o.    19(i4,   in   France. 

Songer,  Abram  W.,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
Immii  Nov.  2,  l.s:J2,  near  Xenia,  111.  He 
served  in  tin;  civil  war  as  second  and  first 
lieutenant  <>i  tlie  twenty-first  regiment  Illi- 
nois \()lunleer  infantry  from  .May  I**,  1801, 
to  May  15,  1805.  He  is  a  successful  miller 
and  grain  dealer  of  Kinmundy.  111.;  has 
served  as  city  alderman  for  several  terms; 
has  been  a  member  of  the  board  of  educa- 
tion; and  is  now  ])resitlent  of  the  board  of 
education   and    Kinnuuidy  graded   schools. 

Sonmans,  Peter,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1710 
he  w;i-.  III!  a--(>'-iati'  justice  of  tin;  supreme 
cimil    .if    New    .Icrscy. 

Sonnichsen,  Albert,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  May  5,  1878,  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  He  is  the  author  of  Ten  Months  a 
Captive  Among  Filipinos;  and  Deep  Sea 
\'agabonds. 


Sonntag,  George,  soldier,  was  born  in  1786 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  went  to  Russia  in 
1815;  entered  the  military  service;  and 
with  the  allied  army  entered  Paris.  He 
became  a  general  in  the  Russian  army;  and 
an  admiral  in  the  navy.  He  died  March 
23,   1841,   in  Russia. 

Sonntag,  William  Louis,  artist,  was  born 
March  2,  1822,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  In  1823 
his  parents  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and 

he  received  a  thor- 
ough education  in  the 
Kinmont  school  in 
that  city.  In  1848 
he  opened  a  studio  in 
Cincinnati,  and  was 
entirely  a  self-taught 
artist.  In  1853  he 
made  his  first  visit 
to  Europe;  and  has 
since  spent  two  years 
in  Florence  sttulying 
art.  In  1854  he  moved 
to  New  Y'ork  City, 
where  he  has  attained  success  as  an  emi- 
nent landscape  painter.  Since  1861  he  has 
been  a  member  of  the  National  academy  of 
design ;  is  a  member  of  the  American  wa- 
ter-color society;  the  Artist  fund  society, 
and  various  other  institutions.  His  most 
notable  pictures  arc  Progress  of  Civiliza- 
tion; Spirit  of  Solitude;  Evangeline;  and 
A  Dream  of  Italv.  He  died  in  1900  in  New 
York  City. 

Soper, "  Arthur  William,  railroad  man- 
ager, railroad  president,  founder,  was  born 
.July  10,  1838,  in  Rome,  N.Y.  In  1868  he 
was  assistant  superintendent  of  the  St. 
Louis  iron  mountain  and  southern  railway; 
and  in  1872  was  made  general  superintend- 
ent; and  .soon  afterward  became  general 
manager.  He  was  president  of  many  cor- 
porations. He  was  a  founder  and  director 
of  the  Standard  and  coupler  company.  He 
died  Dec.    1.   1901,  in  New  York  City. 

Soper,  Augustus,  i)liysician,  surgeon,  was 
born  April  3U.  1855,  in  Canada.  He  ob- 
tained an  early  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  Canada;  and  studied  nn-dicine 
at  the  Trinity  nudical  school  of  Canada. 
He  has  a  large  practice  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
Soper,  Erastus  Burrows,  soldier,  lawyer, 
business  man.  was  born  Sept.  15,  1841,  in 
Pitcher.   X.V.      During   1857-61    he   attended 

Western  college;  and 
Cornell  college  dur- 
ing  1865-68,  and  sub- 
s  e  (J  u  e  n  tly  received 
from  the  latter  insti- 
tution the  degree  of 
A.M.  During  the  civil 
war  he  served  as  pri- 
vate, sergeant,  sec- 
ond lieutenant,  first 
lieutenant,  and  cap- 
lain  in  the  first  and 
twelfth  regiments  Io- 
wa volunteer  infan- 
try.     He   has   resided    in    Iowa   since    1847, 


282 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


and  is  an  able  lawyer  and  bvisiness  man  of 
Ennnetsburg.  He  is  president  of  a  large 
niniiber  of  banking  and  other  corporations, 
including  two  national  ;'nd  four  state 
banks;  is  a  charter  member  of  the  Iowa 
society  sons  of  the  American  revolution; 
and  past  conuuander  Loyal  legion ;  and 
for  more  than  twenty  years  has  been  an 
active  and  influential  member  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  Cornell  college;  and  has  con- 
tributed large  sums  for  educational  and  re- 
1  gious  purposes. 

Soper,  Henry  Marlin,  educator,  elocution- 
ist, founder,  was  born  March  17,  1850.  in 
Alden,  111.  He  founded  the  Soper  school  of 
oratory  of  Chicago.  111.,  of  which  he  is  presi- 
dent. In  1899-1902  he  was  president  of  the 
national  association  of  elocutionists,  of 
which  he  was  one  of  the  founders. 

boper,  John  Harris,  soldier,  merchant, 
business  president,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1846, 
in  riyniouth.  Eunland.  In  1852-57  he  at- 
tendeii  the  public  schools  of  Chicago,  111. ; 
and  in  1857-61  atleiuled  the  normal  school  of 
Bloomington,  111.  In  1863-84  he  was  a  min- 
er, prospe'ctor,  farmer  and  plantation  maii- 
aaer  ;  and  was  a  justice  of  tne  peace  and  no- 
tary public  in  California.  In  1884-86  and 
1888-90  he  was  marshal  of  the  Hawaiian 
kingdom  ;  in  1893  he  was  commander-in-chief 
of  the  military  forces  of  Hawaii ;  has  been 
adjutant-general  and  chief  of  staff  in  the  Ha- 
waiian national  guard  ;  and  in  1907  was  re- 
tired witli  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
is  a  successful  merchant  of  Honolulu  ;  and 
president  of  the  Hawaiian  news  company, 
limited. 

Sophocles^  Evangelinus  Apostolides,  schol- 
ar, educator,  author,  was  born  March  8. 
1807.  in  (ireece.  He  was  a  Greek  scholar  of 
distinction:  and  professor  at  Harvard  uni- 
versity in  1849-83.  He  was  the  author  of  a 
Greek  Lexicon  of  the  Roman  and  Byzantine 
Periods  ;  Greek  Grammar  for  Learners ;  and 
History  of  the  Greek  Alphabet.  He  died 
Dec.  17,  1883.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Sorg,  Paul  John,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  23.  1840.  in  Wheeling. 
W.Va.  He  began  the  manufacture  of  tobacco 

on  a  small  scale  in 
Cincinnati ;  and  his 
manufactory,  now  'o- 
cated  at  Middletown. 
Ohio,  is  one  of  the 
largest  in  the  world, 
and  employs  m  ore 
than  a  tlumsand  men. 
known  as  Paul  .1.  Sorg 
tobacco  company,  of 
which  he  is  president. 
In  1893-97  he  was  a 
representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  fifty- 
third  and  fifty-fourlh  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  (lied  May  28,  1902,  in  Dayton. 
Ohio. 

Serin,  Edward,  clergynmn.  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  in  1814  in  France.     He  was 


the    first    president    of    Notre    Dame    college, 

and    continued    in    of- 

^ ^     fice    until    1865.      One 

of  its  beautiful  halls, 
which  is  adorned  with 
a  life-sized  portrait  of 
W  a  s  h  i  n  g  t  0  n,  was 
named  and  dedicated 
in  his  honor  by  Father 
Sorin,  and  Washing- 
ton's birthday  is  al- 
ways a  gala  day  at 
Notre  Dame.  The  Ave 
]Maria,  a  widely  known 

religious   journal,    was 

started  l)y  Father  Sorin,  who  was  its  editor 
for  a  number  of  years.  He  died  Nov.  31, 
1893.  in  Notre  Dame.  Ind. 

Sorrell,  G.  Moxley,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1837.  He  .served  in  the  confederate  states 
iirmy  during  the  civil  war;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  Aug.  11, 
1901.  in  Roanoke.  Va. 

Sorsby,  William  Brooks,  journalist,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  Sept.  27.  1858.  in  Panola. 
;Miss.  He  edited  several  country  newspapers 
in  ^Mississippi ;  and  in  1884  was  part  owner 
of  the  Morning  Telegram  of  Mobile,  Ala.  In 
1893-95  he  owned  gold  mining  property  in 
Ecuador.  Since  1902  he  has  been  envoy  ex- 
traordinary and  minister  plenipotentiary  of 
tlie  Ignited  States  to  Bolivia. 

Sosso,  Lorenzo,  merchant,  poet,  was  born 
INIarch  2.  1867,  in  Italy.  He  is  a  merchant 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal. :  and  the  author  of  a 
volume  of  poems  entitled  A  New  Poet. 

Sothell,  Seth,  colonial  governor.  In  1690- 
92  he  was  colonial  governor  of  South  Caro- 
lina. 

Sotheran,  Mrs.  Alice  Hyneman,  author, 
poet,  was  born  .Tan.  31.  1840.  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  She  is  a  contributor  of  prose  to  the 
North  American  Review,  the  Forum  and  the 
Popular  Sc-ience  :\lonthly.  She  is  the  author 
of  Woman  in  Iiulustry  ;  and  Poems  and  Ad- 
ventures. 

Sotheran,  Charles,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  .luly  8.  1847,  in  Surrey,  England.  In 
1876  he  began  his  first  active  work  on  the 
.Metropolitan  Daily 
'Press;  first  on  the 
New  York  W  o  r  1  d  ; 
then  the  New  York 
Sun  ;  and  subsequent- 
ly became  associate 
editor  and  proprietor 
of  the  New  York 
Echo.  He  was  liter- 
:iry  editor  of  the  New 
I  York  Recorder  and 
I  New  York  Star;  Ex- 
1(1  It  a  n  d  Finance, 
;  S  u  n  n  y  s  i  d  e  Press, 
Xym  Crinkle's  Fcuilleton,  Advocate,  and 
Dramatic  World.  He  was  the  author  of 
Horace  (Jreeley  ami  Other  Pioneers  of  Amer- 
ican Socialism:  The  Theaters  of  New  York; 
and   Percy   Byssbe   Shelley   as  a   Philosopher 


.;?*4*^' 


'"^1 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


2S3 


and   Reformer.     lie   died   June   26.   1902,   in 
Uidsetield.   N.J. 

Sothern,  Edward  Hugh,  actor,  was  born 
Dof.  6,  1859.  in  New  Orleans,  La.  In  1879 
lie  made  liis  first  appearance  on  the  Amer- 
ican stage  in  New  York  City ;  toured  the 
United  States  with  John  MeCuUoiiiih  :  and 
in  1882-83  toured  Eu^land.  He  wroti'  the 
farce  Whose  Are  They.  He  began  .jilaying 
leading  roles  in  1887 ;  and  has  recently 
starred  in  his  own  company  as  Robert  Love- 
lace and  If  I  Were  King. 

Souchon,  Edmond,  educator,  physician, 
inventor,  was  born  Dec.  1.  1841.  in  Opelou- 
sas.  La.  Since  1885  he  has  been  professor  of 
anatomy  and  clinical  surgery  at  Tulane  uni- 
versity :  and  founded  the  Souchon  museum  of 
anatomy.  He  designed  and  superintended 
the  erection  of  Tulane  medical  college  build- 
ings. He  is  the  inventor  of  Souchon's  anes- 
thetizer.  used  in  face  and  mouth  operations. 
In  1898-1906  he  was  president  of  the  Louisi- 
ana  state  board  of  health. 

Souder,  Casper,  journalist,  autlior,  was 
born  Nov.  8.  1819.  in  Philadelphia,  I'a.  In 
1853  he  became  associated  with  the  Evening 
Bulletin  of  Philadelphia,  of  which  he  was 
afterward  an  editor  and  part  proprietor  till 
his  death.  His  History  of  Chestnut  Street, 
which  was  iiublished  serially,  has  been  praisinl 
for  trustworthiness  and  originality  of  treat- 
ment. He  died  Oct.  21,  1868.  in  Philadelphia, 
I'a. 

Souer,  Louis  Joseph,  soldier,  merchant, 
was  Ixnn  Nov.  22..  1844,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1861  he  enlisted  in  the  thirteenth  regi- 
ment New  York  infantry:  and  saw  service 
in  N'lrginia  and  West  Virginia.  In  1872  he 
was  appointed  brigadier-general.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  the  general  produce  business  in 
New  Orleans.  In  1893  he  was  selected  as 
chief  deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue; 
a-id  in  1898  was  apixiinted  collector  of  in- 
ternal revenue. 

Soule,  Augustus  Lord,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1877-81  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Massachusetts.  He  died  in 
1887. 

Soule,  Mrs.  Caroline  Augusta,  mission- 
ary, author,  was  born  Sept.  3.  1824,  in  Al- 
bany. N.Y.  She  is  the  widow  of  a  universal- 
ist  minister.  She  entered  the  ministry  her- 
self; was  the  lirst  foreign  missionary  of  that 
denomination.  In  1879-92  she  was  pastor  of 
St.  Paul's  universalist  church  of  (Jlasgow. 
Scotland.  Slie  is  the  author  of  House  Life; 
The  Pet  of  tlic  Settlement  ;  mid  Wine  or 
Water. 

Soule,  Caroline  Gray,  entoniolo<rist.  au- 
thor, was  horn  in  IH.').")  in  Spriii^'lield.  Mass. 
She  is  tiic  author  of  Cat i-rpill  ir-  and  Their 
.Moths. 

Soule,  Ch'arles  Carroll,  soldier,  nurcliant. 
autlior.  wa-i  liorn  June  25,  1842.  in  Hoston, 
Mass.  In  lH()2-()r)  he  served  in  the  civil 
war;  and  was  promoted  captain.  He  is 
president  of  the  Roston  book  company.  I  It- 
is  the  auth<n-  of  A  Lawyers'  Reference  Man- 
ual  of    I-,aw   Books   and   Citations;    Lii)rary 


Rooms     and      liuildinyv.     and      Year     Book 
Bibliogi"a])iiy. 

Soule,  George,  educator,  author,  presi- 
(hnt  (d  Soulc'ft  college,  was  born  ISlay  14, 
]S:!4.  in   Barrington,  N.Y.     He  received  his 

education  at  the  Syc- 
amore academy,  Illi- 
nois, and  tin-  med- 
fj^^^  ical.     law     and     com- 

j^^^^^^^L.       ■     niercial    schools  of  St. 
Louis,    Mo.      In    1850 
i  ...^^■^^^^K  ^     ''^   established   Soule's 
^  i«^^^^^^^^«  ■     commercial    college 

and  literary  institute 
of  New  Orleans,  La., 
.^^^  ^^^  which  has  grown  to 
^^^^"  '^^^I--  he  one  of  the  leading 
WM:/0k,  ^^^^m  educational  institu- 
^  ^^^^^  tions  in  the  state. 
During  the  tifty-tliree  years  the  Soule  col- 
lege iins  hern  in  existence,  over  twenty- 
three  thousand  pujiils  liave  been  taviglit 
within  its  walls.  In  18(>2  he  entered  the 
militaiy  service  of  the  confederate  states 
as  captain  of  company  A,  Crescent  regi- 
ment l.ouisiana  volunteers  of  New  Orleans, 
and  served  through  the  war,  being  promot- 
ed to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel.  As  a 
lecturer  on  commercial  sciences  and  sociol- 
ogy. Prolessor  Soule  is  well  known  to  every 
young  man  in  New  Orleans,  and  to  edu- 
cators north  and  south,  lie  lias  been  pres- 
ident of  the  International  business  college 
association  and  Business  educators'  asso- 
ciation of  America;  and  is  ])rominent  in 
various  social,  scientific  and  educational  or- 
•aanizations.  He  is  the  author  of  Contrac- 
tions in  Nundiers;  (ieins  of  Business  Prob- 
lems; Manual  of  Auditing;  Partnership 
Sett lem- lit s;    and    Practical    jMalhematics. 

Soule,  Gideon  Lane,  educator,  linguist, 
was  born  July  2r>.  17!H5,  in  Freeport.  :\laine. 
Ill  1S22  he'hegan  teaching.  For  many 
\rars  he  was  jirofessor  of  ancient  lan- 
guages; and  in  lS;W-7:5  was  principal  of  the 
Phiiliiis  l-'-xeter  academy  of  New 
shii,..  lie  died  .May  28.  1879.  in 
N.ll. 

soldier,  linancier,  was 
ill  Orleans  county.  N.Y. 
the  civil  war;  and  was 
promoted  major.  For 
sixteen  years  he  was 
ticket  agent  for  the 
Michigan  c  e  n  t  r  a  I 
r  a  i  1  r  o  a  d  ;  and  in 
188:5-1008  was  treas- 
urer of  the  univer- 
sity of  .Michigan,  lit- 
is now  vice-president 
of  the  l'"irst  national 
hMiik  of  .\im  .Vrhor, 
Mich.;  and  is  ])roni- 
i  n  e  n  t  1  y  identilieil 
with  the  business  and 
citv   and   state. 


llamp- 

Kxeter, 


Soule, 

hoiii    An; 

lie    ser\C 


Harrison, 

.    4.    1832, 
:    llirough 


allaTs    ol 


piilili 

Soule,    Joshua,     clergyman,    bislio]).    was 
horn    Aug.    I,    1781.    in    Bristol,    Maine.      In 


284 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1810  lie   was  placed  in   charge  of  the  state 

of  Maine  as  presiding 
elder.  He  was  on 
the  committee  t  o 
draft  the  constitution 
of  the  delegated  gen- 
eral conference,  which 
since  1813  has  been 
the  fundamental  law 
of  the  m  e  t  h  o  d  i  s  t 
cliurch.  In  1816  he 
edited  the  methodist 
magazine ;  and  in 
1820  was  elected 
bishop.  He  hi  led  the 
jmstorate  in  New  York  and  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  1842  he  was  a  delegate  from  the  general 
conference  of  the  United  States  to  the  Bris- 
tol Wesleyan  conference.  He  died  March 
6,    1867,   in  Nashville,   Tenn. 

Soule,  Nathan,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  18.31-33  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  New  York  to  the  twenty-sec- 
ond congress ;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  assembly  from  Onondaga  in  1837.  He 
died   in   Onoridaga,  N.Y. 

Soule,  Pierre,  journalist,  lawyer,  United 
Slates  senator,  was  born  in  .September, 
1802,  in  France.  He  was  a  distinguished 
lawver  of  New  Orleans,  La.;  in  184.5  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate.  In  184.5-47  and 
1840-53  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died  IMarch  26,  1870,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 
Soule,  Richard,  lexicographer,  author, 
was  born  June  8,  1812,  in  Danbury,  Mass. 
He  was  a  representative  from  Boston  to  the 
leg'slature  in  1849.  In  1855-59  he  had 
supervision  of  the  corps  of  editors  that  as- 
sisted Dr.  Joseph  E.  Worcester  in  the  prep- 
aration of  his  quarto  dictionary.  He  was 
the  author  of  Manual  of  English  Pronun- 
ciation; Dictionary  of  English  Synonyms; 
and  Pronouncing  Handbook.  He  died  Dec. 
25,   1877,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Sousa,  John  Philip,  musician,  composer, 
was  l)orn  Nov.  6,  1850,  in  Washington,  D. 
C.      lie    was    a    teacher    at    fifteen ;    was    a 

conductor  at  seven- 
teen; and  was  one  of 
the  first  violins  of 
Jacques  Ollenbaclrs 
nrchestra   when   in  the 

(Kft flIMflk  United   States.      In 

■^wf^^^HF  1880-92   he   was   band 

leader  in  the  United 
States  marine  corps ; 
and  since  1892  has 
been  director  of  Sou- 
sa's  band.  He  has 
composed  and  pub- 
lished many  marches, 
orchestral  suites,  songs  and  waltzes;  and 
the  light  operas  El  Capitan,  Bride  Elect 
iiiid  The  Cliarlatan.  He  is  the  author  of 
The    l''iftli    String;    and  Pipetown  Sandy. 

South,  Jerry  Curtis,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, lieutenant-governor,  genealogist,  was 
born  ]\larch  24,  18G6,  in  Arkansas.  He 
Jias  served  three  times  as  a  member  of  the 


house  of  representatives  of  Arkansas;  has 
been  a  member  of  the  state  senate;  and 
lieutenant-governor.  In  1892  and  in  1890 
he  was  a  delegate  to  the  national  demo- 
cratic convention.  He  is  the  author  of  a 
genealogical  work   on  the  South  family. 

Southard,  Isaac,  congressman,  was  born 
in  New  Jersey.  In  1831-33  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  twenty- 
second  congress.  He  died  Sept.  18,  1850,  in 
New  .Jeisey. 

Southall,  Robert  Goode,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Dec.  26,  1852, 
in  Amelia  county,  Va.  Since  1877  he  has 
practiced  law  in  Amelia,  Va. ;  and  in  1899- 
1903  he  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
state  legislature.  In  1903-07  he  was  a 
democratic  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the    fifty-eighth    and    fifty-ninth    congresses. 

Southard,  James  Harding,  lawyer,  con- 
grcss'.nan.  was  born  Jan.  20,  1851,  in  Lucas 
county,   Ohio.      In    1874   he  graduated   from 

Cornell  u  n  i  v  ersity ; 
and  in  1877  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  prac- 
tice of  law.  In  1882 
he  was  assistant  pros- 
ecuting attorney  of 
Lucas  county  of 
Ohio;  and  for  six 
>ears  was  prosecut- 
i  n  g  attorney.  I  n 
1895-1909  he'  was  a 
representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  fifty- 
fourtli.  fifty-fifth,  fi"f- 
ty-sixth,  (ifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty- 
ninth  and  sixtieth  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Southard,  Henry,  soldier,  agriculturist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in 
October.  174i».  in  Long  Island,  N.Y.  He 
took  an  active  part  in  the  revolutionary 
war ;  and  after  the  adoption  of  the  consti- 
tution served  nine  years  in  the  state  legis- 
lature. In  1801-11'  and  1815-21  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Jersey  in  the  sev- 
enth to  the  eleventh  and  the  fourteenth  to 
the  sixtenth  congresses.  He  died  June  2, 
18-12.  ill  Baskiiiridge.  N.J. 

Southard,  Milton  Isaiah,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  20.  1836,  in  Licking 
county,  Ohio.  He  was  elected  attorney  for 
Muskingum  county,  Ohio,  in  1867,  1869.  and 
1871.  In  1873-79  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  forty-third,  forty-fourth 
and  forty-fifth  coniiresses  as  a  democrat. 

Southard,  Samuel  Lewis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
United  States  senator,  j-overnor,  was  born 
June  9,  1787.  in  Baskinrid.se,  N.J.  In  1815 
he  was  elected  to  the  New  .Jersey  legislature  ; 
and  in  a  week  after  taking  his  seat  was 
Iilaced  on  the  bench  of  the  supreme  court  of 
New  Jersey.  In  1820  he  was  a  presidential 
elector;  and  in  1819-23  and  1833-43  he  was 
United  States  senator.  In  1823-29  he  was  sec- 
retary of  the  navy.  In  1830  he  was  elected 
attorney-general  of  New  Jersey;  and  in  1832- 
33    was   governor.      In    1833    he    was   again 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


285 


elected  to  the  United  States  senate,  and 
served  until  1842;  and  on  the  death  of  Presi- 
dent Harrison  became  the  president  of  the 
senate.  He  died  .Time  26,  1842.  in  Fred- 
eritksl)uri;,  A'a. 

Southerland,  William  Henry  Hudson, 
naval  otfiter,  author,  was  horn  July  10,  1852, 
in  New  York  Citj'.  Since  1872  he  has  served 
from  midshipman  to  captain  in  the  United 
States  navy.  He  served  in  the  Spanish- 
American  war  on  the  Cuban  coast  in  com- 
mand of  the  United  States  ship  Eagle.  lie 
is  the  author  of  Azimuth  Tables. 

Southgate,  Horatio,  clergynuin,  bishop, 
author,  was  burn  July  5,  1812,  in  Portland. 
Maine.  He  was  the  first  and  only  protest- 
ant  episcopal  lushop  of  Constantinople.  He 
was  consecrated  in  1844,  but  resigned  his  of- 
fice in  1850 ;  and  held  various  rectorships 
subsequently,  including  that  of  Zion  church 
of  New  York  City  in  1859-72.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Cross  Above  the  Crescent ; 
I'arocliial  Sermons ;  Narrative  of  a  Tour 
Through  Armenia,  etc. ;  The  War  in  tlu^ 
East ;  and  Practical  Directions  for  the  Ob- 
servance of  Lent.  He  died  April  12.  1894,  in 
Astoria,  L.l. 

Southgate,  William  W.,  congressman, 
was  l)orn  in  Covington,  Ky.  In  1837-39  he 
was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to  the 
twenty-fifth  congress ;  and  was  a  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1840  and  1844.  He  died  Dec. 
26.  1844.  in  Covington.  Ky. 

Southwick,  Albert  Plympton,  educator, 
journalist,  author,  poet,  was  boi-n  May  11, 
1855,  in  Cliarleston,  Mass.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools,  and  graduated 
from  the  high  school  and  seminary  ;  and  for 
four  years  attended  college  and  the  United 
States  naval  academy.  In  1879-86  he  was 
principal  and  superintendent  of  schools ;  and 
has  been  editor  and  editorial  writer  on  sev- 
eral journnls  and  newspapers.  He  is  the 
author  of  over  thirty  books,  the  most  impor- 
tant of  which  are  The  Dime  Series  of  Ques- 
tion Books ;  Short  Studies  in  Literature ; 
(^uizzism :  Handy  Helps ;  and  Quiz-Manual 
of  Ti'aching.  His  principal  novels  are  en- 
titled The  (Jatiicrwood  Mystery  ;  A  Fact  in 
Fiction;  Brown  the  Lawyer;  and  various 
sonss,  pooms.  plays  and  operas. 

Southwick,  George  N.,  journalist,  con- 
grcssuuin.  was  born  March  7.  1863.  in  Al- 
bany. N.Y.  He  was  made  editor  of  the  Al- 
bany Evening  Journal  in  1889.  In  1895-99 
and  1901-11  he  was  a  rejjreseutative  from 
New  York  to  the  fifty-fourtli.  fifty-fiffii,  fifty- 
seventh,  fifty-eiglith.  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and 
sixty-first  cougi'i-ssi-s  as  a    re|)ui)lican. 

Southwick,  Solomon,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  25,  1773.  in  Newjiork.  II. I.  In 
1812  he  was  jiostmaster  of  Albany,  N.Y., 
and  slieriff  of  the  county.  In  1819  he  edited 
the  IMoughboy.  the  first  agricultural  paper  in 
the  state:  and  also  edited  the  National  Dem- 
ocrat.    He  died  Nov.  18.  1839.  Albany.  N.Y. 

Southworth,  Constant,  colonist,  author, 
was  born  in  1614  in  Holland.  He  was  one 
of  the  early  settlers  of  Duxbury,   which   he 


represented  iu  the  legislature,  becoming  also 
conuuissioner  for  the  united  colonies,  gover- 
nor of  the  Kennel)ec  plantation,  and  assist- 
ant governor  of  IMymouth.  He  was  the  sup- 
posed author  of  the  suppleiuent  to  New  Eng- 
land's Memorial,  by  his  cousin  Nathaniel 
.Morton.  lie  diiMJ  about  1685  in  Duxbury, 
.Mass. 

Southworth,  Mrs.  Emma  Dorothy  Eliza, 
littcnileur.  aTuhor,  was  born  Dec.  26.  1819. 
in  \Vashiugton.  D.(\  She  was  the  author  of 
IshmacI  :  The  ^Vi(low■s  Son  ;  Ketribution  ; 
Tiu^  Family  Doom;  The  Hidden  Hand;  Un- 
known: Gloria;  Trail  of  the  Serpent;  Near- 
est and  Dearest:  and  An  Exile's  Bride.  She 
died  June  30.  1899.  in  Washiugton,  D.C. 

Southworth,  Franklin  Chester,  educator, 
cleig.\mnn,  college  president,  was  born  Oct. 
15.  1863.  in  North  Collins,  N.Y.  In  1892-97 
lie  was  minister  of  the  unitarian  church  iu 
Dululh.  :Minn.:  in  1897-99  was  minister  of 
the  Third  unitarian  church  of  Chicago,  111.; 
in  1899-1902  was  secretary  of  the  Western 
unitarian  conference.  Since  1902  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Meadville  theological  school 
of  I'ennsyh'ania. 

Southworth,  George  Champlin  Shepard, 
eilucator.  author,  was  born  Dec.  13,  1842.  iu 
West  Springfield.  .Mass.  In  1863  he  received 
the  degree  of  M.A.  from  Yale  university  ;  in 
1865  received  the  degree  of  LL.B.  from  the 
Harvard  law  school;  and  also  received  the 
honorary  degree  of  L.II.D.  from  Kenyon  col- 
lege. He  has  been  professor  of  belles  lettres 
at  Kenyon  college ;  and  professor  of  sacred 
rhetoric  in  the  theological  seminary  of  the 
protestant  episcoi)al  church  in  the  diocese  of 
Ohio  at  (Taml)ier.  In  1908  ho  retired  and 
moved  to  Greeudale,  Ohio.  He  is  the  author 
of  Lectures  on  English  Literature;  and  De- 
scendants of  Constant   Southworth. 

Southworth,  Nathaniel,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  1806  in  Scituate,  JNIass.  He  estab- 
lished himself  as  a  miniature-painter  in  Bos- 
ton ;  and  subsequently  in  New  York  and 
Philadelphia.  His  ])ortraits  being  character- 
ized by  accurate  drawing  and  very  delicate 
execution.  He  died  April  25,  1858,  in  Dor- 
chester. Mass. 

Sovereign,  James  R.,  manager,  orator.  In 
1894-97  he  was  general  master  workman  of 
rlie   knights  of   labor. 

Sowards,  Joseph,  seunt,  was  born  about 
1840  in  eastern  Kentueky.  He  enlisted  in 
the  eighth  Kentucky  regiment  in  the  union 
army;  and  in  1861  was  selected  by  (Jen. 
James  A.  Garfield  as  a  scout.  Through  him 
(Jarlield  was  enabled  to  drive  the  last  organ- 
ized body  of  Humphrey  Marshall's  nuMi  from 
Kentucky.  He  died  about  1863  in  eastern 
Kentucky. 

Sowden,  William  H.,  congressman.  In 
1885-89  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  forty-ninth  and  fiftielli  con- 
gresses as  a  demoi'rat.  He  died  in  1907  in 
I'eniisyhauia. 

Sower,  Charles  Gilbert,  imblishcr.  was 
born  Nov.  21.  1821,  in  Norrislown,  Pa.  He 
removed    the    famous    publishing    house    of 


286 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Christopher  So.ver  to  Philadelphia  in  1844. 
He  there  continued  publishing,  first  in  his 
own  name,  then  successively  as  Sower  and 
Barnes;  then  Sower,  Barnes  and  Potts; 
and  then  Sower,  Potts  and  company.  In 
1888,  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  after  it 
was  founded  by  Christopher  Sower,  the 
house  was  incorporated  as  the  Christopher 
Sower  company  by  a  charter  granted  by  the 
state.  He  died  March  23,  1902.  in  Phila- 
del])liia.   Pa. 

Sower,  Christopher,  physician,  printer, 
was  born  in  1(5'J3  in  Germany.  In  1738 
lie  issued  a  German  almanac  in  German- 
town,  Pa.,  which  was  continued  by  his  de- 
scendants u)itil  1798.  In  1739  he  began  the 
])ulfIication  of  a  religious  and  secular  jour- 
nal; and  in  1743  published  a  quarto  edi- 
tion of  the  Bible  in  German.  He  died  Sept. 
25,    17.')8.   in    Germantown,   Pa. 

Sower,  Christopher,  founder,  bishop,  was 
lioni  Sept.  2(;,  1721,  in  Germany.  He  was 
the  only  son  of  Christopher  Sower,  born 
in  1693,  who  came  to  America  in  1724,  and 
commenced  publishing  in  Germantown  in 
17-8.  He  published  the  first  Amencan 
quarto  edition  of  the  holy  bible  in  1783; 
and  died  in  1758  in  Germantown,  Pa.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  became  a  minister 
of  the  gospel  in  1748;  and  in  1753  became 
l)ishop  of  the  chareli  of  the  brethren.  On 
the  death  of  his  father  in  1758.  he  succeed- 
ed to  the  management  of  the  publishing 
bvisiness.  He  developed  the  German  print- 
ing trade;  and  issued  two  editions  of  the 
bible  in  17G3  and  in  1776.  He  died  Aug. 
2(i,  1784,  in  Montgomery  county.  Pa.  The 
business  of  Christoplier  Sower  and  com- 
pany was  continued  by  David  Sower  who 
was  born  in  1764  and  died  in  1835;  by 
David  Sower,  born  1794,  died  1862;  by 
Charles  G.  Sower,  born  1821.  who  has  since 
been  identified  willi  the  business  for  over 
fifty- five  years. 

Sowers,  Edgar,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ohio. 
In  1862  he  was  cai)tain  in  the  one  liumlred 
and  eighteeiitli  regiment  Ohio  infantry: 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  in   18(55. 

Spaeth,  Adolph,  clergyman,  author,  was 
bor..  Oct.  29.  1839,  in  Germany.  He  is  a 
prominent  lutheran  clergyman  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  and  pastor  of  St.  John's  church 
since  1867.  He  is  the  author  of  Faith  and 
Life  Represented  by  Luther;  Annotations 
on  the  Gospel  According  to  St.  John  ;  Biog- 
raphies of  Krauth  and  of  Mann;  and  a 
number   of   works    in    German. 

Spahr,  Charles  Barzillai,  jourmtlist.  au- 
thor, was  born  July  20,  1860.  in  Cohunbus, 
Ohio.  He  was  a  political  economist ;  and 
associate  editor  of  The  Outlook  since  1886. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Distribution  of 
American  Wealth ;  and  America's  Working 
People.  He  died  in  1904  in  Upper  Moiit- 
clair,  N.J. 

Spaight,  Richard  Dobbs,  soldier,  congress- 
man,  governor,    L'nited    States   senator,    was 


born  March  25,  1758,  in  New  Berne,  N.C. 
in  1781  he  entered  the  house  of  commons 
ui  North  Carolina;  and  in  1783-85  he  was 
a  delegate  from  North  Carolina  to  the  con- 
t  nmtal  congress.  He  was  one  of  the  dele- 
gates to  form  the  constitution  of  the  Unit- 
ed States,  to  which  his  name  is  appended. 
He  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1797;  and 
in  1792  was  again  elected  to  the  local  leg- 
ishiture.  In  1792-95  he  was  the  second 
governor  of  North  Carolina;  and  in  1797- 
1811  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifth 
and  sixth  congresses,  after  which  he  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate.  He  died  Sept. 
(i,    1S02.    in    New   Berne,   N.C. 

Spaight,  Richard  Dobbs,  agriculturist, 
-^tate  senator,  congressman,  governor,  was 
born  in  1796  in  New  Berne.  N.C.  He 
served  four  years  in  the  North  Carolina 
state  legislature;  and  in  1823-25  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  eighteenth  congress. 
He  subsequently  served  ten  years  in  the 
state  senate.  He  was  the  twentieth  gov- 
ernor of  North  Carolina  in  1835-37.  He 
ilied   Nov.   2,    1850,    in   New   Berne,  N,C. 

Spalding,  Benedict  Joseph,  clergyman, 
l)isliop,  was  born  April  15,  1812,  in  Marion 
county,  Ky.  In  1847  he  was  called  to  the 
charge  of  the  Cathedral  church  in  Louis- 
ville; and  was  appointed  vicar-general  of 
tlie  diocese.  He  died  Aug.  4,  1868,  in 
Louisville,   Ky. 

Spalding,  Albert  Goodwill,  merchant, 
manufacturer,  was  born  Sept.  2.  1850,  in 
r.yron.  111,     He  is  the  senior  partner  in  the 

house  of  A.  G.  Spald- 
i  n  g  and  brothers, 
w  h  i  c  h  corporation 
has  a  paid-up-capital 
of    three    million    dol- 

«~l    ^W   ^  lars,    with    branch 

^.-Ji  houses    in   New   York, 

Philadel|ihia,  and 
other  cities;  in  all 
fourteen  d  i  rt'  e  r  e  n  t 
branches.  In  1895  he 
was  elected  president 
of  the  national  board 
of  trade  of  cycle 
manufacturers.  He  owns  a  subdivision  of 
nearly  one  thousand  acres  just  south  of 
the  city  of  Chicago,  He  is  best  known  as 
Die  American  baseball  magnate;  and  in 
1891  was  president  of  the  Chicago  baseball 
club. 

Spalding,  Catherine,  first  superior  of  the 
sisters  of  charity  of  Nazareth,  was  born 
Dec.  23,  1793,  iii  Charles  county,  Md.  In 
1819  she  sent  a  colony  of  sisters  to  Bards- 
town,  who  established  the  Bethlehem  day 
school;  and  in  1820  St.  Vincent  convent 
was  founded  in  Union  county.  She  opened 
St.  Catherine's  school  in  Scott  county  in 
1823.  It  was  afterward  removed  to  Lex- 
ington, where  it  still  exi.sts;  and  is  regard- 
ed us  one  of  the  conunnnity's  most  flourish- 
ing establishments.  The  Academy  of  the 
Presentation  was  o])ened  in  Louisville  in 
1831,    of    which    Mother   Spalding   took   per- 


HERRINGSHA^VS    I.Ii:RAKV   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


2S7 


Ciaftsl)uiy.   \'t. 


to   select 

for     the 

const ruet 

In      1889 


in 
he 


Kuiiio.   N.D. 


sonal   charge.     She  died  March  20.   I808.   in 
I.onis\  il!i',   Kv. 

Spalding,    Burleigh    Folsom,    la \vyer,_  jur- 
ist, conj^ressnian.   was   liorn    Dec.   :5.    185:},    in 
In    18S-i-S4    he   was   super- 
intendent     of      pirblic 
-1     instruction;      and     in 
188:J-87     was    a    nieni- 

CS  her      of      tlic      capital 

eoniniission    of    Dako- 
<Slfc  ^  t^    territory 

'iTjUR  a      location 

capital    and 
Imildinfjs. 

lie  was  a  member  of 
the  constitutional 
(•(invention  of  Nortli 
Dakota.  Since  1S8II 
he  has  practiced  law 
In  I8!)0-19()l  and  190:J-U.j 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-sixth 
and  fifty-eifihth  confiresses.  Since  1907  he 
has  been  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  North  Dakota,  his  presi-nt  term 
cndinLT   in    1914. 

Spalding,  Charles  Warren,  civil  engineer, 
baidccr.  L;(n(aiogi>t.  was  l)orn  June  11,  1843, 
in  Nashua,  N.H.      For  eleven   years   he  was 

connected  with  the 
Chicago.  Burlington 
and  (^luincy  railroad 
as  civil  engineer, 
land  agent  and  sec- 
retary of  the  land  de- 
partment. He  has 
lu'cn  identified  with 
various  business  en- 
terprises; and  he  or- 
-nr-,     ^  ^^^^^     gan'zed     the     tirm     of 

/         ^^^H     ^i'=>'<^>"^'-  Mitchell 

•  ^^ '^^'^^lH^I^I  and  company,  whole- 
sale coal  dealers,  of 
which  his  son  is  now  the  senior  member; 
and  for  many  years  was  president  of  a 
hirg-  l)ankiiig  institution.  He  was  actively 
interested  in  the  development  of  a  large 
rrigation  enierprise  in  Idaho,  which  com- 
pany has  constructed  and  is  now  operating 
one  of  the  most  complete  and  extensive  sys- 
tems of  irrigating  canals  in  the  I'nited 
States.  In  1H97  he  publi^lied  the  Si.aliling 
.Memorial. 

Spalding.  Elizabeth  Hill,  edueator.  au- 
liior.  wa>  lioni  in  is.")t  in  Stoneham,  Mass. 
.After  receiving  her  edmation  in  the  .Massa- 
ciiu.setts  pul.'lic  schools,  she  attended  \as- 
sar  ctdk'ge.  For  many  years  she  was  an 
insiruetor  of  Knglish"  in  the  girls'  higii 
school  of  Mrooklyu.  N.V.;  and  is  now  a 
teacher  of  Knglish  in  the  Training  school 
of  the  national  ycning  women's  christian 
association  and  tlie  School  of  philanthropy 
of  New  York  City.  She  is  the  author  of 
The  I'robh-m  of  Elementary  Composition; 
The  I>anguage  Speller;  and  The  Principles 
ftf    Pvhetorie. 

Spalding,  Franklin  Spencer,  dergynum, 
bishop,  was  bor:  .March  1.5,  ISUo,  in  Krie, 
Pa.       In     189li-1904    he    was    rector    of    St. 


Paul's  church  of  Erie,  Pa.  Since  1904  he 
has  been  protestant  episcopal  bishop  of 
Salt    Lake    City,    Utah., 

Spalding,  Frederick  Putnam,  civil  I'ugi- 
neer.  author,  was  born  April  7.  1857,  in  Wy- 
sox.  Pa.  For  several  years  he  was  in  prac- 
tice as  a  civil  engineer  upon  river  improve- 
ments and  municipal  work.  Since  1900  he 
has  i)eeu  ijrofessor  of  civil  engineering  in  the 
university  of  Missouri,  at  Columbia,  Mo.  He 
is  the  author  of  Notes  on  Hydraulic  Cement ; 
Text-Book  on  Itoads  and  Pavements ;  and 
Hydraulic  Cement,  Its  Properties,  Testing 
and  I'se. 

Spalding,  George,  soldier,  educator,  bank- 
er, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1836,  in 
Scotland.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  pro- 
moted to  brevet  brigadier-general.  He  was 
postmaster  of  Monroe  in  1866-70  :  and  spe- 
cial agent  of  the  treasury  department  in  1871- 
75.  in  1876  he  was  elected  mayor  of  Mon- 
roe, Mich.,  and  was  president  of  the  board 
of  "education  in  1876  and  1892.  In  1895-99 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-fourth 
and  fifty-fifth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
was  appointed  postmaster  of  Monroe.  Mich. 
Spalding,  George  Hurley,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  11,  1835,  in  Montpelier, 
Vt.  Since  1885  he  has  been  pastor  of  the 
First  presbyterian  church  of  Syracuse.  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  New  Hampshire  in  1877  ;  was  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  and  chap- 
lain of  that  body  in  1877.  He  is  the  author 
of  a  number  of  works. 

Spalding,  Harriet  Mabel,  litterateur,  po- 
et, was  born  Jan.  10,  1862.  in  Gloversville, 
N.Y.  In  1877  she  graduated  from  the  Al- 
bany female  academy  ;  and  won  six  gold  med- 
als in  various  branches  of  composition.  She 
is  the  iuithor  of  a  volume  of  poems. 

Spalding,  Henry  Harmon,  pioneer,  cler- 
gyman, missionary,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1803, 
in  Bath,  N.Y.  He  was  a  missionary  to  the 
Indians  for  forty  years  in  Oregon  and  Idaho. 
He  crossed  the  Rocky  mountains  in  1836,  the 
trail  that  Fremont  followed  six  years  later. 
He  died  Aug.  3.  1874,  in  Idaho. 

Spalding,  James  Alfred,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  i)oru  Aug.  20,  1846,  in  Portland. 
N.H.  He  is  a  noted  physician  of  Portland. 
He  has  made  three  voyages  of  study  to  En- 
rope.  aiMl  contributed  valuable  papers  to 
medical  iiid)li(  ations.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Syiiipatlielic  Diseases  of  the  Eye. 

Spaiding  James  Field,  edncat(u-,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Dec.  5.  1839.  in  I'hi- 
held.  Conn.  In  1869-91  he  was  a  clergyniaii 
of  the  proleslani  episcoiial  church:  and  in 
1892  entered  liie  calholic  church.  In  1899- 
1903  he  was  professor  of  English  literature 
at  Boston  college,  and  sin<<'  1896  has  been 
eiigagcfl  as  a  lecturer.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Teachings  iiud  Tnllneiue  of  St.  Angus- 
line:  and  Tlie  \Vorl(rs  rurest  ami  Its  Rem- 
edy. 

Spalding,  James  Reed,  journalist,  author, 
was   liorn    Nov.  15.   1821.   in    Montpelier,   Vt. 


288 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


He  established  the  New  York  World  iu  1860. 
As  a  journalist  his  vigor  and  elegance  have 
never  been  excelled  by  a  writer  on  the  city 
press.  His  published  addresses  are  Spiritual 
Philosophy  and  Material  Politics ;  and  The 
True  Idea  of  Female  Education.  He  died 
Oct.  10,  1872,  in  Dover,  X.H. 

Spalding,  James  Walter,  manufacturer. 
was  born  July  28.  1856,  iu  Byron.  111.  In 
1876  he  established  the  well-known  mercan- 
tile house  of  A.  G.  Spalding  and  Brothers  of 
Chicago,  New  York  and  Philadelphia,  manu- 
fa<turers  and  dealers  in  sporting  goods. 

Spalding,  Jesse,  lumber  merchant,  was 
born  April  15.  1833.  in  Athens.  Pa.  His  pur- 
chase of  timber  lands  in  Wisconsin  and  Mich- 
igan to  supply  his  mills  have  aggregated 
three  hundred  thousand  acres ;  and  he  was 
considered  one  of  the  greatest  lumber  mer- 
chants in  America.  He  built  and  equipped 
the  barracks  of  Camp  Douglas  during  the 
civil  war;  was  a  personal  friend  of  Grant 
and  gave  counsel  in  many  grave  exigencies  ; 
and  he  presided  at  the  unveiling  of  the  Grant 
monument  at  Lincoln  park,  Chicago.  He 
was  a  director  in  many  large  corporations  of 
Chicago  :  was  three  years  in  the  city  council ; 
and  iu  1881  was  appointed  collector  of  llu- 
port  of  Chicago.  He  died  in  1904  in  Chi- 
cago, 111. 

Spalding,  John  Lancaster,  bishop,  au- 
thor, po.'t.  was  born  June  2.  1840.  in  Leb- 
anon, Ky.     He  received  his  education  in  the 

Mt.  St.  Mary's  college 
and  the  university  of 
Louvain,  Belgium,  In 
1863  he  was  ordain-nl 
and  attached  to  the 
cathedral  in  Louisville 
as  assistant.  In  1869 
lie  organized  a  congre- 
uation  of  colored  peo- 
ple and  built  for  their 
use  the  church  of  St. 
Augustine,  of  which  he 
was  appointed  pastor. 
He  was  soon  after 
made  chancellor  of  the  diocese  and  secre- 
tary to  the  bishop.  In  1873  he  commenced 
missionary  w'ork  in  the  parish  of  St.  Mich- 
ael's in  New  York  City,  and  became  noted 
as  an  eloquent  preacher  and  lecturer.  When 
the  diocese  of  Peoria  was  created  in  1877  he 
was  consecrated  Roman  catholic  bishop,  and 
his  administration  has  been  marked  by  ener- 
gy and  signal  su('(>ss.  He  is  the  author  of 
Life  of  Archbisliop  Spalding :  Essays  and 
Reviews ;  Religious  ^lission  of  the  Irish  Peo- 
ple ;  Lectures  and  Discourses  ;  Socialism  and 
Labor ;  The  Spalding  Year  Book ;  and  Re- 
ligion and  Art,  and  Other  Essays,  He  is 
also  a  poet  of  rare  genius;  and  the  author 
of  America,  and  Other  Poems ;  The  Poet's 
Praise ;  Education  and  the  Higher  Life ; 
Means  and  Ends  of  Education ;  Things  of 
the  Mind;  and  Songs,,  chiefly  from  the  Ger- 
man. 

Spalding,      John      Franklin,      clerayman. 
bishop,   autlior,    was   Iwrn    Aug.   25,   1828,    in 


Belgrade,  Maine. 


In  1858  he  was  ordained 
priest,  and  in  1873- 
1902  was  protestant 
episcopal  bishop  of 
Colorado.  He  was 
president  of  the  col- 
lege of  St.  John  the 
Evangelist,  which  em- 
braces the  Denver 
theological  school, 
Wolfe  hall  school  for 
girls,  and  Jarvis  hall 
school  for  boys.  He  is 
the  author  of  The 
Church  and  its  Apos- 
tolic Ministry ;  Jesus  Christ  the  Proof  of 
Christianity ;  Manual  of  Prayers ;  The 
Threefold  Ministry;  The  Best  Mode  of 
Working  a  Parish ;  and  other  works.  He 
died  March  9,  1902,  in  Erie,  Pa. 

Spalding,  Lyman,  physician,  author,  was 
born  June  5.  1775,  in  Cornish,  N.H.  He 
vvas  a  physician  at  Portsmouth,  N.H.,  sub- 
sequently of  New  York  City  ;  and  was  one 
of  the  early  advocates  of  vaccination.  He 
was  the  author  of  Reflections  on  Fever ;  and 
Reflections  on  Yellow  Fever  Periods.  He 
died  Oct.  31,  1821,  in  Portsmouth.  N.H. 

Spalding,  Martin  John,  bishop,  author, 
was  born  May  23.  1810,  in  Lebanon.  Ky.  He 
was  a   Roman  catholic  archbishop  of  Balti- 

was  the  author  of  Re- 
view of  D'Aubigne's 
History  of  the  Refor- 
mation ;  Modern  Civil- 
ization ;  Evidences  of 
Catholicity ;  Life  of 
Bishop  Flaget ;  Early 
Catholic  Missions  in 
Kentucky ;  and  Mis- 
cellanea. His  nephew, 
John  Lancaster  Spal- 
ding, wrote  The  Life 
of  Martin  John  Spal- 
more  in  1864-72.  He 
diuu.     He  died  iu  1872  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Spalding,  Nathaniel  Goodell,  clergyman, 
educator,  college  president,  author,  was  born 
Aug.  24,  1826",  in  Beekmantown,  N.Y.  In 
1852  he  graduated  from  Union  college ;  and 
subsequently  filled  pastorates  in  West  Troy, 
Fultonville,  Greenbush.  Gloversville,  Albany 
and  Saratoga  Springs,  N.Y. ;  and  then  be- 
came president  of  Fort  Plains  female  college. 
In  1895  he  was  made  state  commissioner  to 
the  first  national  good  roads  parliament :  and 
iu  1896  was  appointed  a  delegate  for  three 
successive  years  to  the  farmers'  national  con- 
gress, and  was  elected  treasurer  of  that  liody. 
He  wrote  and  lectured  extensively  on  road 
iinin-ovements.  taxation  and  other  economic 
subjects.  He  died  about  1908.  in  Schodcsk 
Landing.  N.Y. 

Spalding,  Rufus  Paine,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  May  3.  1797.  in  West 
Tisbury.  Mass.  In  1839  he  was  elected  to 
the  Ohio  legislature;  was  re-elected  in  1841, 
and  was  speaker  of  the  house.  In  1849  be 
was  elected  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court.  In 


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1863-69  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  thirty-eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Aug.  27, 
1886.  in  CleveUind,  Ohio. 

Spalding,  Simon,  soldier,  was  born  Jan. 
IG.  174-2.  in  Plaintield,  Conn.  He  was  a 
soldier  in  the  revolutionary  army;  became 
a  lieutenant  in  1770;  and  captain  in  1778. 
in  17S3  he  moved  to  Shesequin,  Bradford 
county,  Pa.,  the  upper  part  of  the  Wyo- 
MiiuL'  settlement,  where  he  rose  through  the 
various  grades  to  general  of  militia.  He 
died  .Ian.   24.    1814. 

Spalding,  Mrs.  Susan  Marr,  poet,  was 
i)orii  in  -Maine.  :She  is  a  poet  of  Philadel- 
l)iiia.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Wings  of 
Icarus,   and   Otiier   Poems. 

Spalding,  Thomas,  congressman.  In  1805- 
Oti  lie  was  a  representative  from  Georgia  to 
the  ninth  congress.  His  seat  was  unsue- 
cfssfully  contested,  and  after  serving  one 
year   he   resigned.      He   died   in   Georgia. 

Spalding,  Volney  Morgan,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  2!),  1849,  in  East 
Uloomfleld,  X.V.  He  tilled  the  chair  of  bot- 
any in  the  university  of  i\Iichigan  until 
1!h'i4:  and  since  1904  lias  been  with  the  Car- 
negie institution  of  Tucson,  Ariz.  He  has 
been  president  Michigan  academy  of  sci- 
ence. He  is  the  author  of  An  Introduction 
to  Botany,  and  various  papers  on  Plant 
Physiology,  Forestry,  and  kindred  subjects. 
Spalding,  "Walter  Raymond,  educator, 
'.nu-ici.ni.  autlior.  was  lioiii  May  22,  1865, 
in  Northampton,  Mass.  In  1889-1900  lie 
was  an  organist  in  several  churches  in 
Massachusetts.  Since  1903  he  has  been 
assistant  ])rofessor  of  music  at  Harvard 
university  and  at  Pvadclill'e  college.  He  is 
tlie  author  of  Tonal  Counterpoint;  and  part 
author  of  Modern  Harmony  in  Its  Theory 
and    Practice. 

Spalding,  Warren  Clyde,  jiliysician.  sur- 
geon, poet,  was  born  in  18.57  in  Rensselaer, 
X.V.  For  many  years  he  was  surgeon  in 
the  Omaha  remedial  institute;  and  now 
practi(<'s  bis  ])r()fession  in  New  York  City. 
Spalding,  William  Andrew,  journalist, 
author,  was  iiorn  Oct.  :5,  1852,  in  Aim  Ar- 
l)or.  .Mich.  In  1874  he  was  on  the  staff  of 
the  Daily  Ib-rald  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  He 
was  city  manager  and  editor  of  the  Eve- 
ning Express.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Orange,    Its   Culture   in    California. 

Spalding,  Zephaniah  Swift,  soldier,  su- 
gar maiiulaitunr.  was  born  Sept.  2,  1837, 
at  Warren.  Ohio.  He  is  the  second  son  of 
the  late  lion.  Kufns  Paine  Sjjalding.  a 
learned  jndge  of  the  sui»reme  court  of  Ohio. 
He  served  as  a  union  soldier  during  the 
civil  wir;  and  was  |)romofed  to  lieufeiiant- 
colonel.  He  has  held  various  g(.vernmenl 
positions;  and  received  from  the  French 
government  the  order  of  the  legion  d'hon- 
iieur.  He  has  large  sugar  interests  in  the 
Hawaiian    l-i|;iiid<. 

Spangler,  David,  congressman.  In  1833- 
37  lie  w:ts  a  re  presenlative  from  Ohio  to 
the    Iwenlv-third     and     twenty-ft)Urth     eon 


grosses.  In  1844  he  was  nominated  by  the 
whig  party  for  governor  of  the  state,  but 
declined  the  nouiination.  He  died  Oct.  18, 
]85(i.    ill    Coshocton.   (>liio. 

Spangler,  Henry  Thomas,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, clergyman,  college  president,  was 
born  Nov.  14.  1853.  in  Myerstown,  Pa.  In 
1873  he  graduated  from  the  Ursinus  col- 
lege, of  which  institution  he  became  pro- 
fessor of  psychology  in  1891,  and  president 
since  1893.  He  filled  a  pastorate  in  1877- 
91. 

Spangler,  Henry  Wilson,  educator,  me- 
chanical engineer,  author,  was  born  Jan. 
18,  1858,  in  Carlisle,  Pa.  In  1874  he  grad- 
uated from  the  naval  academy  as  a  cadet 
engineer;  and  for  many  years  served  as 
instructor  in  marine  engineering  and  naval 
architecture  at  the  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. In  1891  he  resigned  from  the  navy 
as  a  passed  assistant  engineer;  and  since 
1889  has  been  a  professor  at  the  university 
of  Pennsylvania.  During  the  Spanish- 
Aimrican  war  he  was  chief  engineer  in  the 
United  States  navy.  He  is  the  author  of 
Valve  (Jears;  and  Notes  on  Thermodynam- 
ics. 

Spangler,  Jacob,  congressman,  was  born 
in  17()8.  In  1817-19  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fifteenth  con- 
gress. He  was  subsequently  surveyor-gen- 
eral of  the  state.  He  died  June  17,  1843, 
in  York.   Pa. 

Sparge,  John,  American  socialist,  art 
critic,  author,  was  liorn  Jan.  31.  1870,  in 
Cornwall.  England.  He  was  educated  at 
the  public  elementary  schools;  evening 
technical  schools;  and 'in  Oxfoi'd  and  Cam- 
bridge universities.  He  studied  for  the  non- 
conformists ministry  in  England,  but  was 
never  ordained.  In  1904-08  he  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  national  convention  of  the  so- 
cialist ]»arty  of  the  United  States;  and  was 
chairman  of  the  resolution  committee  of 
both  occasions.  In  1908  he  was  chairman 
of  the  New  York  state  convention  of  the  so- 
cialist party.  He  is  a  director  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  faculty  of  Rand  school  of  .social 
science  of  New  York;  a  director  of  the 
West  ChestiT  society  for  the  prevention  of 
cruelty  to  children;  and  a  member  of  many 
])]iilaiitliropic  and  learned  societies.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Hilter  Cry  of  Children; 
Un-lerfeil  School  Cliildicn;  Tlie  Problem  and 
the  Remedy;  The  Socialist.  Who  They  Are 
ami  What  They  Stand  For;  Socialism,  a 
Summary  and  Interpretation  of  Socialistic 
Persons;  Capitalist  and  l^aborer;  Common 
Sense  of  Socialism;  The  Common  Sense  of 
the  Milk  Question;  Socialistic  Readings  for 
Chillren;  The  Spiritual  Significance  of 
Modern  Socialism;  The  Socialism  of  Will- 
iam Morris;  The  .Marx  II.-  Knew;  The  Sub- 
stance of  Socialism;  and  Karl  .Marx,  His 
l/fe  and   Work. 

Sparhawk,  Frances  Campbell,  author, 
i)l,ilaiitliropist.  was  born  .Inly  28.  1847.  in 
.\mesiiury,  Mass.  She  is  a  novelist  anil 
philantbroi>is1    of    Newton.    Mass..    and    has 


290 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


written  much  in  behalf  of  tlie  Indian  cause. 
She  is  the  author  of  A  Chronicle  of  Con- 
quest, a  romance  of  the  Indian  school  at 
Carlisle;  Little  Polly  Blatchley;  Miss 
West's  Class  in  Geography;  Elizabeth,  a 
colonial  romance;  The  Query  Club;  A  Lazy 
Man's  Work;  Onoqua,  an  Indian  8tory; 
Senator  Intrigue  and  Inspector  Nosely;  A 
Wedding  Tangle;  and  Life  of  Lincoln  for 
Boys. 

Sparkman,  James  Truslow,  merchant,  re- 
former, was  born  Sept.  27,  1842,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  In  1861  he  entered  into  business 
with  his  father,  James  D.  Sparkman  of  New 
York  City,  who  was  a  large  importing  mer- 
chant. In  recent  years  he  has  advocated 
various  measures  of  reform,  notably  the  la- 
bor day  bill,  the  half-holiday  bill,  the  small- 
parks  bill  and  the  tenement-house  reform 
bill ;  and  has  been  uniformly  successful  in 
procuring  the  passage  of  measures  of  reform- 
atory legislation. 

Sparkman,  Stephen  Lanothon,  lawyer, 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  July  29, 
1849,  in  Hernando  county,  Fla.  In  1878-87 
he  was  states  attorney  for  the  si.xth  judicial 
circuit.  In  1895-1915  he  was  a  representative 
from  Florida  to  the  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth, 
fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty- 
ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second  and 
sixty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Sparks,  Edwin  Erie,  educator,  lecturer, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  in  1860 
in  Licking  county,  Ohio.  In  1884  he  grad- 
uated from  the  Ohio 
state  university ;  and 
has  received  the  de- 
g  r  e  e  of  A.M.  and 
Ph.D.  In  1884-85  he 
was  an  instructor  in 
the  Ohio  state  univer- 
sity ;  and  in  1890-95 
was  a  professor  of  the 
Pennsylvania  state 
college.  In  1893-95  he 
lectured  for  the  Amer- 
ican society  university 
extension ;  in  1895- 
1908  was  professor  of  American  history  and 
dean  of  the  university  college  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Chicago ;  and  since  1908  has  been 
president  of  the  Pennsylvania  state  college. 
He  is  the  author  of  Expansion  of  the  Amer- 
ican People ;  The  Men  Who  Made  the  Na- 
tion ;  Formative  Incidents  in  American  Di- 
plomacy ;  United  States  of  America,  in  two 
volumes ;  and  The  Foundation  of  National 
l)i>velopment. 

Sparks,  Jared,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  10.'  1789.  in  Willington, 
Conn.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman;  pas- 
tor at  Baltimore  in  1819-23;  ])rofessor  of 
history  at  Harvard  university  in  18.39-49; 
and  president  of  Harvard  university  in 
1849-53.  He  is  best  known  by  the  Anu-ri- 
can  Biography  which  he  edited,  and  of 
which  he  was  in  part  the  author.  It  in- 
cludes sixty  lives,  of  which  he  wrote  those 


of  Ethan  Allen ;  Benedict  Arnold ;  Mar- 
quette ;  La  Salle  ;  Pulaski ;  Ribault ;  Charles 
Lee  ;  Ledyard.  He  was  also  author  of  a  Life 
of  Gouverneur  Morris.  He  published  edi- 
tions of  the  works  of  Franklin  and  Wash- 
ington, with  notes  and  life  of  each  ;  and  also 
Correspondence  of  the  American  Revolution. 
He  died  ^larch  14,  1866,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Sparks,  John,  governor.  In  1903-07  he 
was  governor  of  the  state  of  Nevada  as  a 
democrat.  He  died  in  1908  in  Carson  City, 
Nev. 

Sparks,  William  A.  J.,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  19,  1828, 
near  Albany,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Illinois  state  legislature  in  1857-58  ;  and 
was  a  state  senator  in  1863-64.  He  was  a 
delegate  to  the  national  democratic  conven- 
tion at  New  York  in  1868.  In  1875-83  he 
was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the 
forty-fourth.  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth  and 
forty-seventh  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He 
died  in  1904  in  Carlyle,  111. 

Sparks,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  autlior, 
poet,  was  born  Jan.  16,  1800,  on  St.  Simon's 
Island,  (Ja.  He  was  a  Mississippi  planter; 
and  after  1850  a  lawyer  of  New  Orleans. 
He  was  the  author  of  Memories  of  Fifty 
Years.  He  was  also  a  popvilar  poet,  his  best 
known  poems  being  Somebody's  Darling ;  and 
The  Dying  Year.  He  died  Jan.  13.  1882,  in 
Marietta,  Ga. 

Sparkling,  Samuel  Edwin,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  l)orn  Jan.  8,  1866,  in  Rensselaer, 
Ind.  Lie  has  been  alderman  of  tlie  city  of 
.Madison,  Wis.  He  is  assistant  professor  of 
l)olitical  science  at  the  university  of  Wiscon- 
sin. He  is  the  author  of  Organization  and 
Administration  of  the  City  of  Chicago. 

Sparrow,  William,  clergyman,  tlieologian, 
was  born  March  12.  1801.  in  Charlestowu, 
Mass.  In  1840-74  lie  was  professor  in  the 
Episcopal  theological  seminary  of  Alexan- 
dria, Va.  He  was  an  able  and  successful 
teacher  and  was  a  sermonizer  of  rare  excel- 
lence. Two  years  after  his  death  a  volume 
was  published  containing  his  Life  and  Cor- 
respondence. He  died  Jan.  17.  1874.  in  Alex- 
andria. Va. 

Spaulding,  Elbridge  Gerry,  financier,  leg- 
islator, author,  congressman,  was  born  Feb. 
24,  1809,  in  Summer  Hill,  N.Y.    In  1834  he 

moved  to  Buffalo.  N. 
Y. ;  and  was  mayor  of 
tiuxt  city  in  1847.  In 
1848  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  New 
York  legislature;  and 
in  1849-51  and  1859- 
63  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  thirty- 
lirst.  tliirty-sixth  and 
Ihirty-s  e  v  e  n  t  h  con- 
gresses. F  ()  r  four 
years  he  was  on  the 
conuuittee  of  ways 
and  in(\ans:  and  was  the  author  of  the  legal 
tender  act.  In  1853  he  was  electcMl  treasurer 
of  the  stale  of   New   York.    In  1852  he  en- 


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291 


gased  in  hanking  :  antl  in  1864  oriianizod  tiie 
Farmers'  and  MtH-iianics'  national  banlv  ot 
Buffalo,  of  which  he  was  president  until  his 
deatli.  lie  took  a  sreat  interest  in  senealos- 
ieal  history  pertaining  to  tlie  Spalding  fam- 
ily, and  orei-ted  a  monument  in  Buffalo.  N. 
Y.,  in  honor  of  the  nine  Spaldings  who  fought 
in  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  He  died  May 
5.  1897.  in  r>uffalo.  X.Y. 

Spaulding,  Edward,  electrician,  inventor, 
was  born  Sept.  3.  1824.  in  Milford.  N.H.  He 
has  taken  out  about  ten  jjatents.  the  most 
notable  of  which  is  a  magnetic  and  electric 
ear  telephone  for  enabling  the  deaf  to  hear. 
Among  his  other  inventions  is  a  process  for 
keeping  cider  sweet  in  any  climate. 

Spaulding,  Frank  Ellsworth,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  30.  1866.  in  Dublin. 
N.H.  Since  1904  he  has  been  superintendent 
of  schools  at  Newton.  Mass.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  the  Individual  Child  and  His  Educa- 
tion :  The  Passaic  Primer  ;  joint  author  wiih 
E.  T.  Bryce  of  Living  Thoughts  For  All 
Ages,  in  three  volumes;  The  Adeline  Read- 
ers, in  si.\  volumes;  Learning  to  Read,  a 
Manual  for  'I'eachers ;  and  The  Page  Story 
Book. 

Spaulding,  Henry  George,  lecturer,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  ^lay  28,  1837,  in 
Spencer.  Mass.  lie  was  in  the  .service  of  the 
United  States  sanitary  commission  during 
the  civil  war.  Since  1892  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  preaching,  lecturing  and  traveling 
in  the  United  States  and  Europe.  He  is  the 
author  of  Thi'  Teachings  of  Jesus  ;  Hebrew 
Prophets  and  Kings;  and  Lessons  and  Com- 
mentary on  the  (iosijel  of  Luke. 

Spaulding,  John  Franklin,  clergyman, 
bishop.  In  1873  he  became  protestant  episco- 
lial    bi-<li(ip   <if   ('i)hirailo. 

Spaulding,  John  Perrin,  manufacturer, 
philantliroi)ist.  was  born  Jan.  10,  1832,  in 
Madison.  Maine.  He  was  known  as  the  sugar 
king,  millionaire  and  bachelor  of  Boston, 
Mass.  Before  the  fiames  of  the  big  Chicago 
(ire  were  e.vtinguished  he  wired  a  ruined  mer- 
chant to  draw  on  us  for  one  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars.  In  1892  he  gave  thirty-six 
thousand  1o  eight  young  women  in  his  em- 
ploy. His  protege.  Helen  Keller,  that  won- 
derful deaf,  <lumb  and  blind  girl,  owed  her 
splendid  education  to  his  generosity.  He  be- 
(pwathi'd  the  bulk  of  his  fortiuie  to  various 
<haril.ible  and  religious  institutions.  He  died 
J.m.  11.  1896.  in  Boston.  Mass. 

Spaulding,  Justin,  cler},'ynian.  missionary, 
was  born  in  1802  in  Moretown,  Vt.  After 
lining  a  number  of  appointments,  h-  was  se- 
lected in  1836  as  missionary  to  Brazil,  where 
he  labored  as  suiierinlendcnt  of  the  mission 
imtil  1841.  On  his  return  he  was  transferred 
to  the  New  Hampshire  conference.  He  died 
in    1X6.")   in    .Moreiown.   Vl. 

Spaulding,  Levi,  clergyman,  missionary, 
was  i)oni  Aug.  22.  1791.  in  Jaffrey.  N.H.  He 
was  ordained  at  Salem.  Mass.  In  1820  he 
arrived  as  a  missionary  of  the  .\meri<an 
board  at  Jaffna.  Ceylon;  an<l  at  tlw  lime 
of  his  death   he  was  the  oldest  missionary  of 


the  American  board.    He  died  June  18.  1873. 
in  Ceylon. 

Spaulding,  Nathan  Weston,  manufactur- 
iT.  inxcnlor.  pliilantiiro[iist,  was  born  Sept. 
;^4.  IS-J'.t.  in  Nortii  Anson.  Elaine.  He  went 
to  California  in  1S.')1;  and  ten  years  later 
established  a  saw  inanufactor}^  in  San  Fran- 
cisco. He  took  out  several  United  States 
])atents  on  saws,  saw-teeth  and  machines, 
which  have  completely  revolutionized  the 
circular  saw  business.  In  1871  he  was 
elected  mayor  of  Oakland;  received  the  re- 
(dection  witliout  opposition;  declined  the 
nomination  Un-  a  tliird  term;  and  donated 
the  salairy  of  his  ollice  to  the  Oakland  be- 
nevolent society.  He  served  four  years  as 
Inited  States  assistant  treasurer  of  San 
Francisco;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
.Mechanics'  institute  of  San  Francisco;  and 
was  sel?cted  by  the  late  Hon.  Leland 
Stanford  as  one  of  the  trustees  of  the 
Leland  Stanford,  Jr.,  university.  He  stood 
high  in  masonic  circles;  and  was  a  leader 
in  various  philanthropic  movements.  He 
(lied   Oct.  4.    lOO;?.   in   San   Francisco,  Cal. 

Spaulding,  Oliver  Lyman,  soldier,  law- 
yer, congiessinan,  was  born  Aug.  2,  1833, 
in    Jallrey,    N.H.       He    graduated    in     1855 

from  Oberlin  college, 
Ohio.  In  1802  he  en- 
ticed the  United 
States  service  as  cap- 
tain in  tlie  twenty- 
third  regiment  Mich- 
igan infaniry,  and 
was  rapidly  promoted 
km^^Kl  to      bn'vet      brigadier- 

*''W*|^^^^^     general.      He      is      re- 
\j^|^^^^H     gent   of   university   of 
^^j/^^M    -Mioliigan;    in    1881-83 
^^^^1     he  representa- 

tive to  the  forty-sev- 
enth congress.  In  1890-1903  he  was  assist- 
ant secretary  of  the  treasury;  and  in  1890 
was  a  (hdegate  from  Michigan  to  the  na- 
tional republican  conxention  at  St.  Louis. 
Spaulding,  Solomon,  lawyer,  clergyman, 
author,  was  iiorn  Fei).  20.  1701,  in  Ashford, 
Conn.  lie  was  a  graduate  of  Dartmouth 
college:  and  wrote  a  remarkable  st(U\v  of 
liction.  entitled  .Manuscript  Found,  which 
is  now  generally  regarded  as  the  basis  of 
the  Mormon  Bible.  He  died  Sept.  10,  1810. 
in    .\mity.    Pa. 

Spaulding,  Wesley  J.,  clergyman,  educa- 
t(M-.  CI. liege  president,  was  born  A|)ril  18, 
IS27,  in  Newark,  N.J.  In  IS.").")  lie  became 
professor  of  (ireek  in  the  Iowa  W'esleyan 
univeisity  ol  .Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa;  and 
in  1870  became  president  of  that  institu- 
tion. He  was  pastor  in  the  methodist  epis- 
copal church;  and  contributed  extensively 
to  current  literature.  He  died  about  lOdO 
in   .Mount    I'leasanl.    Iowa. 

Spear  Alfred  Moore,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  March  17.  1S.")2.  in  Madison.  .Maine, 
in  1883-85  he  was  a  member  of  the  .Maine 
house  r)f  reiiresentatives ;  and  in  1891-93 
was   a    nu'inber   (jf   the   slate   senate.      Since 


292 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1902  he  has  been  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  judicial  court  of  Maine. 

Spear,  Charles,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  May  1,  1801,  in  Boston,  Mass.  Ho 
was  a  universalist  minister  of  Boston;  and 
active  in  prison  reform.  He  was  the  author 
of  Names  and  Titles  of  Christ;  Essays  on 
the  Punishment  of  Death;  Plea  for  Dis- 
charged Convicts;  and  Voices  from  Prison. 
He  died  April  18,  1863,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Spear,  Ellis,  lawyer,  commissioner  of 
patents,  was  born  Oct.  15,  1834,  in  War- 
ren, Maine.  He  was  a  citizen  of  Maine; 
and  was  commissioner  of  patents  in  the 
department  of  the  interior  in  1877-78.  He 
settled  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Washing- 
ton,  D.C. 

Spear,  Samuel  P.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Boston,  iNlass.  He  commanded  several  ex- 
ped.tions  during  the  civil  war;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general.  He  died 
May  5,   1875,  in  New  York  City. 

Spear,  Samuel  Thayer,  journalist,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  March  4,  1812, 
in  Ballston  Spa,  N.Y.  He  was  a  presby- 
terian  clergyman  of  Brooklyn ;  and  editor 
of  The  New  York  Independent  in  1871-91. 
He  was  the  author  of  Family  Power;  Re- 
ligion and  the  State;  Constitutionality  of 
the  Legal  Tender  Act;  The  Law  of  the 
Federal  Judiciary;  The  Law  of  Extradi- 
tion; and  The  Bible  Heaven.  He  died  April 
1,    1891,  in   Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Spear,  William  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  June  3,  1834,  in  Warren,  Ohio. 
In  1878  he  became  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas;  and  in  1885  was  elected 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio,  his 
present   term   ending   in    1912. 

Spearman,  Frank  Hamilton,  banker,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Bullalo,  N.Y.  In  1889 
he  became  a  bank  president;  and  since  1895 
nas  been  in  literary  work  as  a  magazine 
writer  and  author.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Nerve  of  Foley;  The  Close  of  the  Day; 
The-  Strategy  of"  Great  Railroads;  and 
Whispering   Smith. 

Spears,  James  G.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Tennessee.  In  1861  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  lirst  regiment  Tennessee  in- 
fantry; and  in  1862  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  July 
22,   1869. 

Spears,  John  Randolph,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  21,  1850,  in  Van  Wert, 
Ohio.  For  nearly  twenty  years  he  has  been 
a  reporter  in  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  (lold  Digging  of  Cape  Horn;  The 
Port  of  Missing  Ships;  History  of  Our 
Navy,  in  live  volumes;  History  of  the 
American  Slaves;  Our  Heroes  of  the  Surf; 
The  Fugutive;  and  a  Short  History  of  the 
American  Navy. 

Spears,  William  T.,  physician,  surgeon, 
poet,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1854,  in  Morgan 
county,  Ga.  He  is  a  noted  physician  and 
surgeon  of  llie  south   at  Rut  ledge,   Ga.     He 


is    the    author    of   a    volume    of    poems    en- 
titled Sentiments  of  Leisure  Hours. 

Speece,  Conrad,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Nov.  7,  1776,  in  New  London,  Va. 
In  1813-36  he  was  pastor  of  Augusta 
church,  near  Staunton,  Va.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Mountaineer;  and  a  number 
of  poems.  He  died  Feb.  15,  183G,  in  Staun- 
ton, Va. 

Speed,  Frederic,  soldier,  jurist,  was  born 
Sept.  22,  1841,  in  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  served  as 
a  private  soldier  during  the  war ;  and  became 
assistant  adjutant  general  with  the  rank  of 
captain.  In  1865  he  settled  in  Vicksburg, 
Miss. ;  in  1869-70  was  judge  of  the  criminal 
court  of  Warren  county ;  and  in  1883  was 
grand  master  of  masons. 

Speed,  James,  lawyer,  educator,  state 
senator,  cabinet  officer,  was  born  March  11, 
1812,  in  Farmington,  Ky.  In  1853  he  settled 
in  the  practice  of  law  at  Louisville,  Ky. ;  in 
1847  was  elected  to  the  state  legislature  ;  and 
in  1861  was  elected  to  the  state  senate.  In 
1864-66  he  was  attorney  general  of  the  Unit- 
ed States.  In  1872  he  became  a  professor  in 
the  Louisville  law  school.  He  died  June  25, 
1887,  in  Jefferson  county,  Ky. 

Speed,  James  Breckinridge,  soldier,  mer- 
chant, business  president,  was  born  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.  Since  1865  he  had  been  engaged  in 
business  in  Louisville,  Ky. ;  and  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Louisville  cement  company  ;  pres- 
ident of  the  Louisville  street  railway  system  ; 
and  president  of  the  Ohio  valley  telephone 
company.  He  died  July  12,  1912,  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky. 

Speed,  John,  soldier,  jurist,  was  born 
May  17,  1772,  in  Virginia.  He  served  with 
the  volunteer  forces  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States  against  the  Indians  in  1791 ; 
and  was  a  judge  of  the  quarter  sessions  court. 
In  1828  he  wrote  a  series  of  articles  upon  the 
political  topics  of  the  day.  He  died  March 
30.  1840,  in  Farmington,  Ky. 

Speed,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
in  1842  in  Louisville,  Ky.  He  served  in  the 
union  army  during  the  civil  war  in  the  ninth 
Kentucky  cavalry  ;  and  was  promoted  assist- 
ant adjutant-general.  In  1865  he  was  made 
paymaster  with  the  rank  of  major.  He  be- 
came the  most  noted  lawyer  of  Louisville,  Ky. 
Speed,  John  Gilmer,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  21,  1853,  in  Kentucky.  In 
1888-89  he  edited  the  American  Magazine; 
and  for  two  years  was  editor  of  Leslie's 
Weekly.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Fall  River 
Incident;  The  Gilmers  in  America;  A  Deal 
in  Denver ;  and  The  Horse  in  America. 

Speed,  John  James,  soldier,  inventor,  was 
born  in  1803  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va.  He 
was  an  efficient  co-worker  of  Professor  ^Nlorse 
in  introducing  and  perfecting  magnetic  tele- 
graph apparatus;  and  was  president  of  the 
western  telegraph  company  in  Detroit ;  and 
at  Portland,  Maine,  establishf^l  the  independ- 
ent line  to  Washington.  lie  died  in  1867  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


293 


Speed,  John  James,  physician,  colk^ge 
president,  was  born  Oct.  31,  1816,  in  Kanls- 
town,  Ky.  In  1850  he  moved  to  Lonisville, 
Ky.  In  1861-69  he  was  postmaster.  In  1874 
he  was  elected  president  of  the  College  of 
physicians  and  snrueons  ;  and  was  also  pro- 
fessor in  the  hospital  college  of  medicine. 

Speed,  Philip,  soldier,  farmer,  manufac- 
tnrer.  was  born  April  12,  1819.  in  Farming- 
ton.  Ky.  He  served  as  captain  in  the  war 
with  Me.xico ;  and  as  a  niajm-  in  the  civil 
war.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  war  period 
he  was  appointed  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue. He  was  a  model  officer,  giving  entire 
satisfaction  to  the  liovernment.  He  died  Nov. 
1,  1882. 

Speed,  Thomas,  sohlier,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  25.  1768.  in  Vir- 
ginia. He  moved  to  Kentucky  in  1782;  and 
participated  in  the  war  of  1812.  In  1817-19 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifteenth  con- 
gress; and  in  1821,  1822  and  1840  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Kentucky  legislature.  He  died 
Feb.  20,  1842.  at  his  home,  near  Bardstown, 
Ky. 

Speed,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  genealo- 
gist, was  born  Nov.  26,  1841,  in  Bardstown, 
Ky.  In  1862  he  joined  the  union  army  as  a 
private;  was  made  first  lieutenant  and  then 
adjutant  of  the  regiment,  twelfth  Kentucky 
veteran  infantry  ;  and  also  served  on  brigade 
staff.  After  the  war  he  studied  law  at  the 
Michigan  university  :  and  has  ever  since  prac- 
ticed his  itrofession  in  Louisville,  Ky.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Wilderness  Koad ;  The 
I'olitical  Club;  History  of  the  Union  Regi- 
ments of  Kentucky;  The  Speed  Family;  and 
other  works. 

Speel,  John  N.,  civil  engineer,  naval  of- 
ficer, was  born  July  30.  1853.  in  Ilarrisburg, 
Pa.  He  was  educaled  in  the  iiublic  and  j^ri- 
vate  schools  of  Ilairisi)urg  and  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  He  has  been  a  civil  engineer  to  the 
Pennsylvania  canal  company;  was  engaged 
on  the  Nortii  Dakota  boundary  survey;  and 
in  1875  eutcri'd  tlw  United  Slates  navy  as  an 
assistant  iiaymastei'.  Since  1903  he  lias  held 
the  rank  of  ])aymaster  in  the  United  States 
navy;  and  is  now  stationed  at  the  navy  yard 
of  Brooklyn  as  general  storekeeper. 

Speer,  Ocie,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
born  .\pril  1,  1869.  in  .Inhnscju  county,  Texas. 
In  1890  he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 

law  :  and  in  the  .same 
year  was  elected  coun- 
ty attorney  of  Fisher 
county,  Te.xas.  In  1893 
he  moved  to  Bowre, 
Texas,  where  he  prac- 
tici'd  l;iw  as  senior 
mcndx'r  of  the  firm  of 
Speer  and  Speer.  In 
1902  he  was  elected  an 
assDciat"  justice  for 
the  (ourt  of  civil  ai)- 
l»eals  for  the  secoiul 
supreme  judiciary  dis- 
trict of  Texas  at  Fort  Worth.  In  1908  he 
was  re-elected  ns  an  a.ssociate  justice.    He  is 


the  author  of  Speer's  Law  of  Married  Women 
in  Texas,  published  in  1902. 

Speer,  Emory,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  Sept.  3,  1848,  in 
Culloden,  Ga.  In  1873-76  he  was  solicitor- 
general  for  the  western  judicial  circuit  of 
(ieorgia.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative 
from  Georgia  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty- 
seventh  congresses  ;  and  since  1885  has  been 
United  States  district  judge  for  the  southern 
district  of  Georgia.  He  is  the  author  of  Re- 
moval of  Causes  from  State  to  United  States 
Courts;  and  Lectures  on  the  Constitution  of 
the  ITnited  States. 

Speer,  Robert  Elliott,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  10.  1867,  in  Huntingdon,  Pa. 
Since  1891  he  has  been  secretary  of  the  pres- 
byterian  board  of  foreign  missions.  In  1896- 
97  he  made  a  tour  of  visitation  of  the  Chris- 
tian missions  in  Persia,  India,  China,  Korea 
and  Japan.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Man 
Christ  Jesus  ;  The  Man  Paul ;  Missions  and 
Politics  in  Asia  ;  A.  Memorial  of  a  True  Life  ; 
The  Marks  of  a  Man  ;  and  other  works. 

Speer,  Robert  Milton,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  8.  1838,  in  Cassville,  Pa. 
In  1871-75  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  forty-second  and  forty- 
third  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died  Jan. 
17.  1890.  in  New  York  City. 

Speer,  Thomas  J.,  soldier,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  C'l,  1837,  in  Mon- 
roe county,  Ga.  In  1807-68  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  of 
Georgia;  and  in  1868-70  was  a  member  of 
the  Georgia  state  senate.  In  1871-72  he 
was  a  representative  from  Georgia  to  the 
forty-second  congress  as  a  republican.  He 
died  Aug.   18,    1872,   in   Georgia. 

Speer,  William,  missionary,  author,  was 
l)()ru  April  24.  1822,  in  New  Alexandria, 
I'a.  He  was  a  presbyterian  missionary  in 
China.  He  was  the  author  of  China  and 
the  United  States;  The  Great  Revival  of 
1800;  and  God's  Rule  for  Christian  Giving, 
lie   died   in    1004   in   Cliina. 

Speers,  John  Boyd,  soldier,  hanker,  (inan- 
cier.  was  born  .June  24.  183U,  in  Ireland.  In 
1861-06  he  served  as  a  soldier  in  the  third 
regiment  Arkansas  infantry;  ami  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  majcu'.  In  1881  he 
was  engaged  in  banking  and  mercantile  pur- 
suits   at    I'ine    Hlulf.    Ark. 

Speight,  Jesse,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man. I  niled  Stales  senator,  was  born  Sept. 
22.  1705.  in  (Jreene  county,  N.C.  In  1822 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  house  of  com- 
mons of  North  Carolina;  and  in  1823-27 
was  a  mend)er  of  the  state  senate.  In  1829- 
."i"  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  twenty-first,  twenty-second, 
twenty-third  and  twenty-fourth  congresses. 
He  moved  to  Mississi])pi ;  and  was  (dected 
to  the  IcgislatiM'e  there,  and  made  speaker. 
In  lS|.")-47  he  was  United  States  senator, 
lie  died   May   I.   1847.   in  Columbus.   Miss. 

Speir,  Samuel  Fleet,  surgeon,  inventor, 
was   born    April   !»,    lS;i8.    in    Brooklyn.   N.V. 


294 


HBRRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


He  was  the  inventor  of  a  new  method  of 
arresting  surgical  liieniorrhage  by  artery- 
constriction,  for  which  he  received  a  prize 
from  the  state  medical  society  in  1871 ; 
and  of  a  new  method  for  the  differential 
diagnosis  of  morbid  growths,  based  on  the 
examination  of  minute  specimens.  He  died 
]3ec.    19.    1895.   in    Brooklyn,   N.Y. 

Spellmeyer,  Henry,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Nov.  25.  1847,  in  New  York  City. 
For  thirty-live  years  he  filled  a  pastorate 
in  Newark,  N.J*.;  and  in  1904  was  elected 
methodist  episcopal  bishop;  and  resides  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Spelman,  Henry,  colonist,  was  born 
about  ItiOO  in  England.  Having  acquired 
the  Indian  language  during  his  captivity, 
he  was  of  great  use  to  his  countrymen  as 
inteipreter  till  he  was  killed  by  the  savages 
in  11)22.  He  left  in  manuscript  a  Relation 
of    N'ii'ginia. 

Spence,  Adams  ICnight,  educator,  college 
pres  (lent,  was  born  Marcli  12,  1831,  in 
Scotland.  In  1858  he  gi-aduated  from  the 
university  of  Michigan;  and  until  1870  was 
connected  with  that  institution  as  pro- 
fessor of  Greek,  Latin  and  French.  In  1870- 
77  he  was  acting  president  of  Fiske  uni- 
versity of  Nashville,  Tenn. ;  and  until  1900 
was  (lean  of  the  faculty  and  professor  of 
t4reek  and  French  in  that  institution.  He 
died    Ajuil    24.    1900,    in  Nashville,    Tenn. 

Spence,  Carroll,  lawyer,  legislator,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  Feb.  .22,  1818,  in  Balti- 
more, J\ld.  He  was  elected  to  the  Maryland 
state  legislature  soon  after  beginning  the 
practice  of  law.  In  1853-58  he  was  United 
States  minister  to  Turkey.  He  concluded 
the  first  treaty  ever  made  between  the 
United  States  and  Persia.  He  died  Aug.  9, 
1890,    in    Baltimore,    Md. 

Spence,  John  Fletcher,  soldier,  educator, 
college  president,  clergyman,  was  born  Feb. 
3,    1828.    in    Greenville',    Ohio.      In    1853    he 

graduated     from     the 
Ohio     Wesleyan     uni- 
versity.      He      served 
tiiroughout    the     civil 
war     as    a     chaplain; 
in    1805-09    was   presi- 
dent of  the  Knoxville 
female      college,      now 
1  he      east      Tennessee 
female    institute.       In 
1807    he    was    one    of 
the  founders  of  Grant 
university;      and     for 
some     nineteen     years 
was   prcsiiicut   and   chancellor   of  that  insti- 
tutidii.      in    1893   he   founded   the   American 
tcm]>craiiee  university  at  Harriman,  Tenn.; 
for    ten    years -was    cbancelloi- ;    and    is    now 
chancellor    emeri(\is.      He    has    raised    more 
hundred    thousand    dollars    for 
])ini)oses,    and    has    aided    more 
hundred     needy    students    in    ob- 
liberal   education.     He   is  a  chap- 
of  the  Grand  army  of  the  re- 
United   States  of  America. 


than    three 
educaf  loiial 
tliaii     two 
taining  a 
lain   in   chief 
public   of   the 


Spence,  John  Selby,  congressman.  Unit- 
ed States  senatcfi',  was  born  Feb.  29,  1788, 
near  Snow  Hill,  Md.  'In  1823-25  and  1831- 
33  he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland 
to  the  eighteenth  and  twenty-second  con- 
gresses; and  in  1835-41  he  was  United 
Slates  senator.  He  died  Oct.  29,  1840, 
near  Berlin,  Md. 

Spence,  Robert  Traill,  naval  officer,  was 
born  about  1785  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  He 
was  made  a  lieutenant  in  1807;  and  mas- 
ter-commandant in  1813.  In  Africa  he 
built  the  first  fort  at  Mesurado,  in  Liberia. 
He  died  Sei)t.  20,  1827.  near  Baltimore,  Md. 

Spence,  Thomas  Adam,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Feb.  20,  1810,  in  Accomac 
county,  Va.  He  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1840;  and  in  1843-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  JNlaryland  to  the  twenty- 
ciglith  congress.  He  died  Nov.  10,  1877,  in 
Washington.    D.C. 

Spence,  Walter,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  5,  1867,  in  Rural  Retreat,  Va. 
He  is  a  congregational  clergyman  of  King- 
fisher, Oklahoma.  He  is  the  author  of  Back 
to   Christ. 

Spence,  William  Wallace,  financier,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  in  1815  in  Scotland, 
lie  has  been  a  finance  commissioner  of  Bal- 
timore, l\Id.  In  1890  he  presented  the  city 
of  Baltimore  a  fifty  thousand  dollar  statue 
of  Sir  William  Wallace,  from  whom  he  de- 
scends; and  tlie  monument  was  placed  on 
a  site  in  Druid  Hill  park.  He  died  in  Bal- 
timore,  Md. 

Spencer,  Mrs.  Alia  Hubbard,  litterateur. 
poet,  was  born  July  3.  1860.  in  Henry  coun- 
ty, I\Io.  She  was  educated  in  the  district 
"     '^^^fc.  ■    schools    of    her    native 

-^HjB^        '    state;   in  1876   matric- 
^^K^^^^  ulnted  in  the  Pritchett 

•J^^^^^^H  of    Glasgow, 

mIHI^^^K  Mo.  ;     and     graduated 

f  ^^^^M         from    that    institution 

^fr-  was  married  to  Dr. 
%'  Benjamin  Fr  a  n  k  1  i  n 
Spencer  of  AVeston, 
Texas.  She  was  the 
author  of  various  es- 
says and  translations; 
and  M  volume  of  po- 
ems entithMl  A  Souvenir.  She  died  Dec.  1, 
1889.  in  Collin  county.  Texas. 

Spencer,  Ambrose,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  consressman.  was  born  Dec.  13, 
1765.  in  Salisbury.  Conn.  He  settled  in  Hud- 
son, N.Y. :  and  was  elected  to  the  assembly 
in  1793  :  and  in  1795-1802  served  in  the  stare 
senate.  In  1804  he  became  a  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  New  York.  In  1829-31  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-first  cou- 
sress.  He  died  March  13.  1848,  in  I>yons. 
N.Y. 

Spencer,  Mrs.  Anna  Garlin,  minister,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  .\pril  17,  1851,  in  Attlebor- 
ouiih.  Mass.  Until  1903  she  was  a  unitarian 
minister  of  Providenc(>,  K.T.  :  and  a  lecturer 
on    iihilantliroiiy   at    Icacliers"   institutes.     She 


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295 


is  an  associate  director  of  the  scliool  of 
philanthropy  of  New  Yorli  City.  She  is  the 
author  of  Unler  of  Service  for  Public  Wor- 
shii). 

Spencer,  Mrs.  Bella  Zilfa,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  ^larch  1,  1843.  in  England. 
She  was  the  autiior  of  Ora,  the  Lost  Wife  ; 
Tried  and  True;  and  Surface  and  Depth. 
Sh(>  died  Auu.  1.  1SG7.  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala. 

Spencer,  Charles  Achilles,  manufacturer, 
pioneer,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1813,  in  Lenox, 
X.V.  Ho  was  a  pioneer  in  developin;;-  the 
possibilities  of  lens  making  as  applied  to  the 
niicroscoi)e.  For  several  years  he  was  en- 
gaged in  tile  manufacture  of  lenses.  He  died 
Sept.  28.  1881,  in  Geneva,  N.Y. 

Spencer,  Benjamin  Franklin,  physician, 
surgeon,  was  horn  Sei)t.  29.  1852.  in  Lown- 
des  county,    Ala.     He   was   educated   at    the 

Mississippi  college  ;  at 
the  Union  university  of 
Murfreesboro,  Tenn. ; 
and  in  1874  gradiutted 
from  ihe  medical  de- 
partment of  the  uni- 
versity of  Louisville, 
In  1874-76  he  prac- 
I  i  c  e  d  medicine  in 
I'ulton,  Ky. ;  and  since 
that  time  has  practiced 
his  profession  in  Wes- 
ton, Texas.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Amer- 
ican medical  and  North  Te.xas  medical  asso- 
ciations :  and  has  been  president  of  the  Col- 
lin county  medical  society.  He  is  medical 
examiner  for  the  Mutual  life,  Equitable,  New 
York  Life,  Prudential,  Fidelity  Mutual,  Man- 
hattan and  Il;utf(U'(l  life  insurance  compa- 
nies. 

Spencer,  Christopher  Miner,  manufactur- 
er, inventor,  was  iiorn  .Tune  20,  1833,  in  Man- 
chester, Conn.  In  1869-74  ho  manufactured 
drop  forgings.  He  invented  a  machine  for 
turning  sewing  machine  spools ;  and  a  ma- 
chine for  turning  metal  .screws  automatical- 
l.v.  In  1876  ho  began  the  manufacture  of  his 
invoiilions;  and  later  invented  a  Idank  cam 
cylindor ;  a  repeating  shot  gvni  ;  and  a  ma- 
chine which  produced  finished  screws  direct 
from  the  wire. 

Spencer,  Claudius  Buchanan,  editor,  jour- 
nalist, clorgyinaii,  author,  was  born  Oct.  20, 
1856,  in  Fowlorville.  Mich.  In  1881  he  en- 
tered the  niethodist  episcopal  ministry ;  for 
i'io\-en  years  was  in  the  I)(>troit  conference; 
and  since  then  has  been  in  Colorado.  Since 
1900  ho  lias  edited  the  Central  Christian  Ad- 
vocate of  Kansas  City,  Mo.  Ho  is  the  author 
of  lilue  Flower  of  Methodism. 

Spencer,  Mrs.  Cornelia  Phillips,  littera- 
teur, autlior,  was  boni  Manh  20.  1825,  in 
Ilarlom,  N.Y.  She  is  tiio  autiior  of  'i'he  Last 
Ninety  Days  of  the  \Var  in  Nortii  Carolina; 
ami  History  of  North  (.'arolin;i. 

Spencer,  Corwin  H.,  business  president, 
capitalist,  was  born  Dec.  13,  1851,  in  .Morgan 
county,  Ohio.  lie  was  especially  interested  in 
electric    railways    and    w.-is    iiresidont    of    the 


Union  railways  company ;  vice-president  of 
the  St.  Louis  transfer  company  ;  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Mercantile  trust  company  ;  and  a 
senior  member  of  the  brokerage  firm  of  C.  II. 
Spencer  and  son.  He  died  May  3,  1906,  in 
St,  Louis,  Mo. 

Spencer,  Edgar  A,,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Nov.  23,  1847.  in  Cherry  Valley,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Cherry  Valley  aca- 
demy and  at  the  Cooperstown  seminary  of 
New  York.  In  1875  he  began  the  practice  of 
law  in  (iloxorsvillo,  N.Y. ;  was  city  clerk  in 
1876-77;  and  city  attorney  in  1879-82.  In 
1895  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork  state 
constitutional  convention.  Since  1901  he  has 
been  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
Yorlv  for  term  ending  in  1915. 

Spencer,  Elihu,  clergyman,  was  born  Feb. 
12.  1721.  in  East  Haddam.  Conn.  About  1758 
ho  was  appointed  chaplain  of  the  New  York 
troops  that  were  forming  for  service  in  the 
French  war.  In  1769-84  he  was  pastor  of 
the  Presbyterian  church  of  Trenton,  N..J.  He 
died  Dec.  27,  1784,  in  Trenton,  N,J, 

Spencer,  Elijah,  legislator,  congressman, 
was  liorn  in  Columbia  count.y,  N.Y,  In  1819 
he  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state 
house  of  representatives.  In  1821-23  he  was 
a  roin-osontative  from  New  York  to  the  sev- 
enteenth coimross.    Ho  died  in  New  Y'ork. 

Spencer,  Francis  Ellas,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  was  born  April  25.  1834,  in 
Ticonderoga.  N.Y.  In  1861-66  he  was  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Santa  Clara  county.  Cal. 
In  1871  he  was  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of 
the  legislature  as  a  republican.  In  1879  he 
was  elevated  to  the  bench  of  the  superior 
court  of  Santa  Clara  county.  He  died  in 
1898.  in  San  .lose.  Cal. 

Spencer,  Francis  M.,  educator,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1842.  in 
Cedarville.  Ohio.  In  1879-86  he  was  presi- 
dent of  Muskingum  college  ;  and  since  1889 
has  been  president  of  Cooper  college  of  Ster- 
ling. Kan. 

Spencer,  Frederick  R.,  4>ainter,  artist, 
was  born  .Tan.  7.  1806.  in  Lennox.  N.Y'.  Some 
of  his  portraits  were  Robert  E.  Tyaunitz, 
Thomas  Thompson  and  Zadock  Pratt.  The 
National  academy  owns  his  portrait  of  Ed- 
win White.  He  died  April  3,  1875,  in  Wam- 
poville,  N.Y. 

Spencer,  George  Eliphaz,  soldier,  lawyer, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Nov.  1, 
1S36,  in  .lelTerson  county,  N.Y.  He  was 
secretary  of  the  Towa  state  senate  in  18.'>8. 
Ho  entered  the  army  as  a  cajjtain  in  18G'2; 
ai  1  was  brevottod  a  brigadier-general  for 
gallantry  in  the  fiidd.  lie  settled  in  Ala- 
bama: and  in  lSfi7  was  appointed  a  reg- 
ister in  baukruiitcy  for  the  fourth  district 
of  Alabama.  In  'lS(i7-70  In-  was  United 
States  senator.  He  died  Fob.  10,  ISO.?,  in 
Washington.   D.C. 

Spencer,  Guilford  Lawson,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  21,  1SS2.  in  Lafayette, 
Ind.  He  lias  boon  assistant  chemist  an<l 
chief  of  the  sugar  laboratory  in  the  bureau 
of    chemistry    at    Washington.    D.C.     Since 


296 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1906  he  has  been  chief  chemist  for  the 
Cuban-American  sugar  company  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Hand- 
took  for  Cane-Sugar  Manufacturers  and 
Chemists;  and  A  Handbook  for  Beet-Su- 
gar   Chemists. 

Spencer,  Herbert  Ruthven,  manufactur- 
er, founder,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1849,  in 
Canastota,  N.Y.  For  many  years  he  was 
engaged  with  his  father  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  lenses.  In  1880  he  established  a 
business  of  his  own  and  continued  to  make 
microscopes,  telescopes  and  objectives.  He 
died    Feb.    7,    1900,    in    Buffalo,   N.Y. 

Spencer,  Hiram  Ladd,  journalist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  1829  in  Castleton,  Vt. 
He  is  the  author  of  Summer  Saunterings 
Away  Down  East;  and  a  volume  of  poems. 

Spencer,  Horatio  Nelson,  soldier,  physi- 
cian, founder,  otologist,  was  born  July  17, 
1842,  in  Port  Gibson,  ]\Iiss.  In  1862  he 
graduated  as  valedictorian  from  Oakland 
college  of  Mississippi.  He  received  the  de- 
gress of  A.B.  and  A.M.  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Alabama;  received  the  degree  of 
M.b.  from  the  college  of  physicians  and 
surgeons  of  New  Yoi-k  City;  and  received 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  the  Westminster 
college.  During  the  civil  war  he  served  as 
a  private  in  the  confederate  army  of  the 
Tennessee;  and  since  1870  has  practiced 
his  profession  in  St.  Louis.  Mo.  In  1879  he 
was  one  of  the  organizers  and  editors  of 
the  American  Journal  of  Otology;  and  in 
1879  established  the  St.  Louis  Courier  of 
Medicine.  In  1881  he  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  what  is  now  the  Missouri  medical 
college  of  the  Washington  university,  in 
which  institution  he  has  ever  since  filled 
the  chair  of  diseases  of  the  ear.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  otological  society; 
and  a  member  of  various  other  medical,  sci- 
entific and  patriotic  associations.  He  has 
been  a  constant  contributor  to  medical  lit- 
erature. 

Spencer,  Ichabod  Smith,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  23,  1798.  in  Rupert, 
Vt.  In  1832-54  he  was  pastor  of  the  Sec- 
ond presbyterian  church  of  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Pastor's  Sketches; 
Sermons;  Sacramental  Discourses;  and  Ev- 
i  lences  of  Divine  Revelation.  He  died  Nov. 
23.  18r)4.  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 

Spencer,  James  Bradley,  soldier,  jurist, 
slate  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
April  26,  1781,  in  Salisbury,  Conn.  He 
served  as  a  captain  in  the  war  of  1812. 
He  was  in  the  legislature  of  New  Y'ork  in 
1831-32:  and  in  1837-39  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
fiftli  congress.  He  subsecpiently  held  the 
various  positions  of  elector,  magistrate, 
(ountv  iudge,  collector  and  Indian  agent. 
He  died  March  26.  1848.  in  Fort  Covington, 
N.Y. 

Spencer,  James  Clark,  educator,  lawyer, 
jurist,    was    born    May    29,    1826,    in    Fort 


Covington,  N.Y''.  He  received  his  educa- 
tion in  the  Fort  Cov- 
ington academy;  of 
which  he  was  also 
principal  for  several 
years.  He  commenc- 
ed the  practice  of 
law  in  1850  in  his 
native  county.  FouV 
years  later  he  mov- 
ed to  Ogdensburg; 
in  1857  he  was  ap- 
pointed United  States 
district  attorney  for 
the  northern  district 
of  New  York;  and  after  the  expiration  of 
his  term  moved  to  New  York  City.  He 
served  with  distinction  as  judge  of  the  su- 
perior court  of  New  York;  in  1875  he  was 
appointed  a  referee  in  the  case  of  the  re- 
ceiver of  the  Erie  railway  company;  in 
1883  he  was  one  of  the  commissioners  for 
building  a  new  aqueduct  for  the  city  of 
New  York;  and  served  as  president  of  the 
board.  In  1897  he  was  appointed  assistant 
corporation  counsel.  He  died  in  1901  in 
New    York  City. 

Spencer,  James  Grafton,  farmer,  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1844, 
near  Port  Gibson,  Miss.  He  entered  the 
confederate  army  as  private  in  Cowan's 
battery  of  light  artillery;  and  served  un- 
til the  close  of  the  war  in  the  army  of  Mis- 
sissippi and  Tennessee.  He  returned  to  his 
ancestral  home  and  began  farming,  which 
lie  has  followed  since,  living  in  the  house  in 
which  he  was  born.  In  1892  he  was  sent 
as  representative  to  the  state  legislature, 
serving  two  sessions;  and  in  1895-97  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-fourth 
congress  as   a  democrat. 

Spencer,  Jesse  Ames,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  June  17,  1816.  in 
Hyde  Park,  N.Y.  He  is  an  episcopal  cler- 
gyman ;  professor  in  the  college  of  the  City 
of  New  York  in  1869-83;  and  editor  of 
many  valuable  classical  textbooks.  He  was 
the  author  of  History  of  the  English  Ref- 
ormation: History  of  the  United  States, 
a  very  popular  work;  Sermons:  Discourses; 
The  East:  Sketches  of  Travel  in  Egypt 
and  the  Holy  Land;  Greek  Praxis;  Five 
Last  Things;  Studies  in  Eschatology; 
Papalisjn  vs.  Catholic  Truth;  and  Mem- 
orabilia of  Sixtv-Five  Years,  1820-86.  He 
died   Sept.   2.   is'os.   in   Passaic,  N.J. 

Spencer,  John  Canfield,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  cabinet  officer,  was  born  Jan. 
8,  1788,  in  New  York.  In  1817-19  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
fifteenth  congress:  in  1820  was  elected  to 
tlie  state  assembly;  and  in  1824  was  elect- 
ed to  the  state  senate  for  four  years.  In 
18.32  he  was  again  elected  to  the  state 
assembly  i  and  in  1839  was  appointed  sec- 
letary  of  state.  In  1841-43  he  was  secretary 
of  war:  and  in  1843-44  he  was  secretary 
of  the  treasury.    He  was  a  successful  law- 


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297 


yer,  and  achieved  his  highest  fame  from 
his  connection  with  tlie  revision  of  the 
statntcs  of  New  York.  He  died  May  18, 
1855.   in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Spencer,  Joseph,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
coiigres.suiaii,  was  born  in  1714  in  East 
Haddam,  Conn.  He  was  elected  a  member 
ol  tlio  council  in  1766;  was  appointed  brig- 
adier-general in  the  continental  army  in 
1775;  became  major-general  in  1776;  was 
in  the  expedition  against  Rhode  Island  in 
1778;  and  assisted  in  Sullivan's  retreat. 
In  1777-70  he  was  a  delegate  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  continental  congress;  and 
in  1780  was  again  elected  to  the  council, 
and  was  annually  re-elected  until  his 
death.  He  died  Jan.  13,  1789,  in  East  Had- 
dam. Conn. 

Spencer,  Joseph  William  Winthrop,  geol- 
ogist, author,  was  born  March  26,  1851,  in 
Canada.  In  1888-93  he  was  state  geologist 
for  Georgia.  He  is  the  author  of  Geological 
Survey  of  Southwestern  Georgia;  Subma- 
rine N'allevs  of  the  American  Posts;  Niag- 
ara, New  Discoveries  in  Physics  of  the 
Falls    and    Erie    Outlet. 

Spencer,  Matthew  Lyle,  educator,  author, 
was  born  July  7,  ISSl.  in  Batesville,  Miss. 
In  1910  he  received  the  degree  of  Ph.D. 
from  the  university  of  Chicago.  He  has 
been  professor  of  English  in  various  col- 
leges, and  since  1911  professor  of  rhetoric 
in  Lawrence  college  of  Appleton,  Wis.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  modern  language  asso- 
ciation of  America.  He  is  the  author  of 
Corpus  Ciiristi  Pageants  in  England;  and 
Practical    English   Punctuation. 

Spencer,  Morton  W.,  clergyman,  author, 
\va.s  born  Feb.  21,  1836.  in  Gilbert's  Mills. 
N.Y.    He   was   educated   in   the   public   and 

theological  s  c  h  ools 
and  seminaries  of 
New  York  He  is  a 
clergyman  of  the  free 
Ijaptist  church.  He  is 
antlioi'  of  Tlic  Miss- 
ing Link,  whicli  is  a 
history  of  our  Saxon 
race,  containing  one 
thousand  historical 
and  proi)lictic  proofs 
of  our  Hebrew  and 
Saxon  ancestry;  and 
has  contributed  ex- 
tcnsivi'Iy  to  religious  ami  educational  iiter- 
iture. 

Spencer,  Nicholas,  colonial  governor.  In 
|(is:!-S4  111'  was  colonial  governor  of  Vir- 
yiiiiii. 

Spencer,  Pitman  Curtius,  surgeon,  was  horn 
in  179(1  ill  Cliarhitte  coiiiity,  Va.  He  was 
a  Huecessful  lithotomist,  and  claimed  to 
be  the  first  to  practice  this  branch  of  sur- 
fivry  in  Aim-rica.  He  died  in  February, 
lS(ii.   in    Petersburg,   \'a. 

Spencer,  Piatt  Rogers,  the  originator  of 
lh<'  Spentfrian  metliod  of  penmanship,  was 
born  Nov.  7,  1800,  in  East  Fislikill.  N.Y. 
He   had   given    penmanship   much   attention 


from  early  youth,  and  was  led  to  perfect 
his  semi-angular  system  by  seeing  the 
necessity  of  a  more  rapid  execution  than 
the  old  round  Roman  method,  and  a  more 
legible  hand  than  the  angular  or  German 
svstem.  He  died  May  16,  1864,  in  Geneva, 
Ohio. 

Spencer,  Richard,  congressman,  was  born 
in  -Maryland.  In  1829-31  he  was  a  repre- 
t-eiitativc  trom  Maryland  to  the  twenty- 
first   ci)ngress.    He   died  in  Maryland. 

Spencer,  Samuel,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Marcii.  2,  1847,  in  Columbus,  Ga.  He 
is  president  of  the  Alabama  great  south- 
ern railroad;  and  of  the  Elgin,  Jolict  and 
Eastern  railway;  and  is  also  president  of 
numerous  other  corporations  in  New  York 
City.  He  died  Nov.  29,  1906,  in  Sawyers, 
Va. 

Spencer,  Mrs.  Sara  Andrews,  litterateur, 
autiior,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1837„in  Savona,  N. 
Y.  She  is  a  prominent  woman  suffragist;  and 
proprietor  of  the  Spencerian  business  col- 
lege. She  is  the  author  of  Problems  on  the 
Woman  Question;  and  Thirty  Lessons  in 
the    English    Language. 

Spencer,  Selden  Palmer,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Sept.  16,  1862,  in  Erie,  Pa. 
In  1895  he  served  as  a  member  of  the  Mis- 
souri state  legislature  from  St.  Louis;  and 
in  1897  became  judge  of  the  circuit  court 
of  St.  Louis  for  a  term  of  six  years. 

Spencer,  Theodore,  lawyer,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  b(jrn  April  24,  1800,  in  Hudson, 
N.Y.  He  was  district  attorney  for  Cayuga 
covinty,  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Con- 
version, its  Theorj'^  and  Process  Practically 
Delineated:  and  other  theological  works. 
He  died  June   14.   1870,  in  Utica,  N.Y. 

Spencer,  Thomas,  physician,  educator, 
autiior,  was  born  in  1793  in  Great  Barring- 
ton.  Mass.  He  was  medical  professor  at 
Hobart  college  in  1835-57.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Lectures  on  Vital  Chemistry:  and 
Practical  Observations  on  E])i(lcniic  Diar- 
rluea  known  as  Cholera.  He  died  May  30, 
1857.  in    I'hiladelDhia.  Pa. 

Spencer,  William  B.,  congressman,  jurist. 
In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  to  the  forty-fourth  congress.  In 
1877-79  he  was  associate  justice  of  the 
siiprcMic   court   of   Louisiana. 

Spencer,  William  D.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
;;ressiiian.  was  born  Feb.  5.  1835.  in  Cata- 
houla |)arish.  La.  He  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  university  of  Lou- 
isiana. In  1857-61  he  practiced  law  at  Har- 
risonburg, La.  He  served  in  the  confeder- 
ate states  army  during  the  civil  war.  In 
iS76'77  he  was  a  representative  from  Lou- 
isiana to  the  forty-fourth  congress,  having 
successfully  coiitr-sted  the  seat  of  Frank 
Morey,  and  resigned  before  his  term  of  of- 
fice   expired. 

Spencer,  Mrs.  William  Loring,  educator, 
reformer,  author,  was  born  in  St.  Aufrus- 
line.  Fla.  She  is  the  author  of  Salt  Lake 
Fruit:  Story  of  Mary;  A  Plucky  One;  and 
Calamity   Jane. 


298 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Spenser,  Willard,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  .July  7,  1836,  in  Cooperstown.  N. 
Y.  He  is  a  self-taught  composer  of  light 
pianoforte  music.  He  is  the  author  of  a 
comic  operetta  entitled  The  Little  Tycoon. 
Spenzer,  John  George,  physician,  chem- 
ist, author,  was  born  Sept.  6,  1864,  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  Since  1896  he  has  been 
professor  of  general  and  medical  chemistry 
and  pharmacology  at  the  Cleveland  college 
of  physicians  and  surgeons.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Principles  of  Pharmacology, 
with   Practical   Exercises. 

Sperry,  Charles  Stillman,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Sept.  3,  1847,  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 
In  1868  he  was  promoted  ensign;  in  1804 
was  promoted  commander;  and  in  1006 
attained  the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  He  was 
president  of  the  United  States  war  col- 
lege; and  was  a  member  of  the  general 
board   of  the  United   States   navy. 

Sperry,  Lewis,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
boiu  Jan.  23,  1848,  in"  South  Windsor,  Conn. 
]n    1869    he    graduated    from    the    Monson 

acadamy;  and  from 
the  Amherst  college 
in  1873.  In  187.')  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  He  practices 
law  in  Hartford.  In 
1876  he  represented 
.     ^j.  Ills     native     town    in 

\.j^  ^,-    -  the  Connecticut  state 

legislature ;  and  was 
coroner  for  Hartford 
county  in  1883-01.  In 
1801-05  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the 
lifty-second  and  fifty-third  congresses  as 
a  democrat.  In  1806  he  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Indianapolis  sound  money  convention. 
Sperry,  Lyman  Beecher,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Feb.  10.  1841,  in 
Sherman,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the 
common  scliools;  at  Oberlin  -college;  at 
the  universitv  of  ^Michigan;  and  received 
the  degrees  of  M.A.  and  M.D.  In  1869-73 
he  was  a  professor  at  Rijjon  college;  and 
in  1873-75  was  United  States  Indian  agent. 
In  1875-85  he  was  a  professor  of  chem- 
istry and  physiology  at  Carleton  college 
of  Minnesota;  and  since  1886  has  been  a 
imblic  lecturer  on  general  themes,  now 
lecturing  at  Oberlin  college.  .  He  is  the 
author  of  Concerning  Narcotics;  Confi- 
dential Talks  with  Young  Men:  Confidential 
Talks  witli  Young  Women:  Husband  and 
A\'it'e;    and    I'liysiology.   Fear   and   Faith. 

Sperry,  Willard  Gardner,  clergyman.,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Aug.  10,  1847,  in 
Cambridgeport.  Mass.  He  has  been  pastor 
of  congregational  churches  in  INIassachu- 
setts  and  New  Hani])shire.  Since  1803  he 
has  been  ])resi(lent  of  Olivet  college  of 
^lichigan. 

Sperry,  Nehemiah  Day,  public  official, 
congressman,    was    born    July    10,    1827,    in 


Woodbridge.  Conn. 


He  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Hav- 
en common  council 
in  1853;  in  1854  was 
elected  an  alderman 
of  the  city;  and  was 
elected  selectman  in 
1853.  He  was  elect- 
ed secretary  of  state 
in  1855;  and  was  re- 
elected hi  1856.  He 
was  postmaster  o  f 
New  Haven  for  twen- 
ty-eight years.  He 
was  president  of  the 
cliamber  of  commerce  of  New  Haven;  was 
bondsman  for  building  the  Monitor;  and 
in  1805-1011  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fif- 
ty-seventh, fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixti- 
eth and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Speyer,  James,  banker,  donor,  was  born 
July  23,  1861.  in  New  York  City.  He  is 
senior  member  of  the  Speyer  houses;  and 
is  president  of  the  Provident  loan  society. 
He ,  presented  Speyer  school  to  the  Teach- 
ers' college  in  Mrs.  Speyer's  and  his  own 
name. 

Speyers,  Arthur  Bayard,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1846,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1868  he  graduated  from  the  United 
States  naval  academy;  became  master  in 
1870;  in  1805  was  commissioned  lieuten- 
ant-commander; and  subsequently  became 
captain.  In  1005  he  was  retired  as  rear- 
admiral   of   the   United   States   navy. 

Speyers,  Clarence  Livingston,  educator, 
author,  was  born  in  January,  1863,  in  New 
York  City.  Since  1891  he  has  been  asso- 
ciate professor  of  chemistry  in  Rutgers  col- 
lege of  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  He  is  the 
autnor  of  Textbook  of  Physical  Chemis- 
try. 

Spicely,  William  Thomas,  soldier,  was 
born  in  North  Carolina.  In  1861  he  was 
captain  in  the  twenty-fourth  regiment  In- 
diana infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
Feb.    15.   1884. 

Spicer,  Robert  Barclay,  educator,  college 
jiresident.  was  born  March  4,  1860.  near 
pleasantville.  Md.  In  1000-02  he  was  pres- 
ident of  Franklin  college  at  New  Athens, 
Ohio.  In  1003  lie  became  associate  editor 
of  Friend's  Intelligence  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Spicer,  William  Francis,  naval  officer, 
poet,  was  born  Feb.  7,  1820.  in  New  Y^'ork 
City.  He  was  made  commodore  in  1877; 
and  was  commandant  of  the  Boston  navy 
yard  until  his  death.  He  Avas  well  known 
as  a  poet  and  musician:  and  was  the  au- 
thor of  several  po]nilar  ballads,  among 
whicli  are  Absent  Friends  and  You.  Mary. 
He  died  Nov.  20.  1878,  in  Boston  navy 
yard. 

Spickett,  John  T.,  actor,  mercliant.  public 
oflficial,    was    born    Jan.   4,    1850.   in    Bristol, 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


299 


England.  For  twpnty-fivo  years  lie  was 
on  the  stage;  and  acquired  success  as  a 
notable  actor.  For  nearly  ten  years  he 
has  been  proprietor  and  owner  of  the 
Franklin  liotci  of  Juneau,  Alaska.  He  has 
been  chairnum  of  tlie  Alaska  territorial 
committee;  and  is  prominently  identified 
with  the  business  and  public  ail'airs  of 
Alaska. 

Spieker,  George  Frederick,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Xov.  17,  1844, 
in  Elk  Ridge,  Md.    Since   1883  he  has  been 

pastor  of  St.  Mich- 
acTs  lutheran  congre- 
gation of  Allentown. 
Pa.  He  was  jjrofessor 
of  Hebrew  in  ^luli- 
lenberg  college  in 
1887-04:  and  since 
18!U  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  church  his- 
tory in  the  Lutheran 
theological  seminary 
of  Mt.  Airy,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Hut- 
ter's  Compend  o  f 
Lutheran  Theology,  translated,  witli  Dr. 
Henry  E.  Jacobs;  Wildenhahn's  :Martin 
Luther,  translated  from  the  German;  and 
Commentary   on   Second   Corinthians. 

Spiering,  Theodore  B.,  musician,  com- 
poser. Was  born  Scjit.  .").  1871.  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  founded  and  until  100.1  was  leader 
and  first  violin  in  the  Spiering  quartet  of 
Chicago,  HI.  In  1905-06  he  was  concerti/ing 
in  Eurojte. 

Spight,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  25,  1841.  in  Rip- 
ley, .Miss.  In  18()1  he  entered  the  confed- 
erate army;  and  was  in  command  of  the 
thirtv-fourth  regiment  Mississippi  infantry 
at  tile  close  of  the  civil  war.  In  1870-84 
lie  fovinded,  owned  and  edited  tlie  Soutli- 
(in  Sentinel  of  Ripley.  Miss.  In  1884-02 
he  was  district  attorney.  In  1800-1011  he 
was  a  representative  from  Mississippi  to 
the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth    and    sixty-first   congresses. 

Spillane,  Edward,  clergyman,  educator, 
authi)!.  was  born  Nov.  10,  1850,  in  New 
^'ork  City.  He  has  been  professor  of  Greek 
and  l.,atin  literature  in  various  .lesuit  col- 
leges in  New  York,  IJaltimore,  Washing- 
ton and  Boston.  He  is  now  engaged  in  the 
comjiilation  of  a  DietioTiary  of  Catholic 
Aniericiin   Autliors. 

Spillman  William  Jasper,  agriculturist, 
specialist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  2'.i,  1H(),'5, 
in  Lawrence  county.  Mo.  In  1880  he  grad- 
uated with  the  degree  of  B.S.  from  the 
Missouri  state  university;  and  subse(|uent- 
ly  received  the  degree  of  M.S.  from  the 
same  institution.  He  has  been  professor 
of  science  at  the  state  normal  school  of 
Cape  fJirarfleau.  Mo.;  has  been  professor 
of  science  at  the  \ineennes  university  of 
Iniliana:  and  was  professor  of  science  at 
the  state  normal  school  of  Monmouth,  Ore- 


gon. In  1894-1902  he  was  professor  of 
agriculture  in  Washington  state  college. 
In  1902-05  he  was  agrostologist  in  the 
United  States  department  of  agriculture, 
in  cliarge  of  grass  and  forage  plant  inves- 
tigations; and  now  agriculturist  in  charge 
of  farm  management  investigations.  He 
lias  made  special  studies  in  heredity  of 
plants;  and  discovered  independently  ]\Ien- 
dels  law  of  Recombination.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Quantitative  Studies  on  Distri- 
bution of  Parental  Character  in  Hybrid 
Oifspring;  and  valuable  contributions  to 
scientific  journals. 

Spilman,  Edward  Guthrie,  educator,  law- 
yer, was  born  Jan.  5,  1855,  in  Warrenton, 
Va.  In  1866-68  he  was  United  States  com- 
missioner: and  in  1888-01  was  registrar  in 
the  United  States  land  office  at  Devils 
Lake.  N.D.  In  1893-97  he  was  registrar 
in  the  United  States  land  office  at  King- 
fisher, Okla.;  and  since  1897  has  been  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  law.  He  was  the 
first  person  to  advocate  the  law  making 
Oklahoma  lands  free  to  homestead  set- 
tlers. 

Spingarn,  Joel  Ellas,  educator,  author, 
was  born  ^lay  17.  1875,  in  New  York  City. 
Ill  1000-04  he  was  tutor  of  comparative 
literature  and  is  now  an  adjunct  professor 
of  same  in  Columbia  university  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  A  History 
of    Literary    Criticism    in    the    Renaissance. 

Spink,  Cyrus,  congressman.  In  18.30  he 
was  eleeted  a  rejiresentative  from  Ohio  to 
the  tliirty-sixtli  congress  as  republican,  but 
died  before  taking  his  seat. 

Spink,  S.  L.,  journalist,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  ]March  20, 
]S:!1.  ill  \Vliitehall.  N.Y.  In  1860  he  mov- 
ed to  Illinois;  and  edited  the  Prairie  Bea- 
con of  Paris.  He  was  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1864;  was  ai)pointed  secre- 
tary of  Dakota  territory:  and  continued 
in  "office  until  1860.  In  '1860-71  he  was  a 
territorial  delegate  from  Dakota  to  the  for- 
ty-first   congress    as    a    republican. 

Spinner,  Francis  Elias,  soldier,  financier, 
congressman,  was  born  .Tan.  21,  1802.  in 
Mohawk,  N.Y.  He  held  all  the  commis- 
sions from  a  lieutenant  to  a  major-gen- 
eral of  the  state  artillery.  He  was  county 
slierilf.  and  commissioner  for  buihling  tlie 
state  lunatic  asylum;  and  in  1845-49  was 
iMiditor  in  the  naval  ollice  at  New  York. 
In  1855-(il  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  ^■ork  to  the  thirty-fourth,  tliirly-fiftli 
and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  In  1861-75  he 
was  United  States  treasurer;  and  his  signa- 
ture on  the  greenbacks  during  the  civil 
war  made  him  famous.  He  died  Dec.  31, 
lS!i(i.    ill   .laeksonville.    Fla. 

Spinola,  Francis  B.,  soldier,  manufac- 
turer, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
March  10.  1821.  in  Stony  Brook.  N.Y.  He 
served  six  years  as  member  of  the  assem- 
bly of  the  state  of  New  York:  and  four 
years   as   state   senator.    He   was  appointed 


300 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in  1862 
for  recruiting  and  organizing  a  brigade  of 
four  regiments  and  accompanying  tliem  to 
the  field.  In  1887-91  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  fiftieth  and  fifty- 
first  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
April    12,   1891,  in  Washington,   D.C. 

Spiro,  Charles,  business  man,  inventor, 
faithor,  was  born  Jan.  1,  1850,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1885  he  patented  the  Columbia 
typewriter;  later  he  patented  the  bar-lock 
typewriter;  and  is  now  manager  of  the 
Columbia  typewriter  manufacturing  com- 
])any  of  New  York  City.  He  has  patented 
watch,  telegrapliic  and  automatic  machin- 
ery for  various  purposes.  He  is  tlie  author 
of    8piro's    Simple.   Swift    Short    Hand. 

Spitzer,  Aaron  Bovee,  banker,  was  born 
Oct.  8,  1823,  in  Schenectady,  N.Y.  He  was 
a  general  business  manager;  and  was  for 
several  years  engaged  in  banking  business. 
He  died"  May  13,  1892,  in  Medina,  Ohio. 

Spitzer,  Adelbert  Lorenzo,  banker,  cap- 
italist, was  born  in  1853,  in  Medina,  Ohio. 
At  the  age  of  twenty  years  he  entered  the 
Exchange  bank  of  Seville,  Ohio;  and  was 
promoted  to  cashier  of  that  establishment. 
In  1873  he  established  tlie  banking  house 
of  Spitzer  brothers  at  North  Amlierst, 
Ohio.  He  is  director  of  the  First  national 
bank  of  Oberlin,  Ohio. 

Spitzer,  Ceilan  Mile,  banker,  was  born 
Nov.  2,  1849,  in  Batavia,  N.Y.  He  was  ed- 
ucated in  the  schools  of  Medina.  Ohio; 
and  at.  Oberlin  college.  In  1869-71  he  was 
engaged  in  the  drug  business  at  Seville, 
Ohio.  He  then  with  his  father  opened  the 
Seville  excliange  bank;  and  since  1881  the 
banking  liouse  of  Spitzer  and  company  liave 
offices  in  New  Y^ork  City  and  Toledo,  Ohio. 
He  is  also  a  stockholder  and  director  in 
six  other  banks;  a  director  of  the  Wheeling 
and  Lake  I]rie  railroad  company;  aiid  pres- 
ident of  the  Spitzer  building  company, 
which  erected  in  1893  the  modern  ten-story 
fireproof  building  in  Toledo,  known  as  the 
Spitzer  building.  In  1900  he  was  appointed 
quartermaster-general  of  Ohio,  with  rank 
of  brigadier-general.  He  is  the  great-great- 
grandson  of  Dr.  -Ernestus  De  Spitzer,  sur- 
geon-general  of  the  provincial  forces  dur- 
ing the  revolutionary   war. 

Spitzer,  Nicholas,  physician,  agriculturist, 
was  born  Nov.  26,  1783,  in  Schenectady, 
N.Y.  He  practiced  medicine  for  thirty 
years  at  Schenectary,  N.Y.  He  later  moved 
to  Medina.  Ohio,  where  he  was  engaged  in 
iigricultur:vl  pursuits  and  stock  raising.  He 
died   Dec.   6.    1808,   in   Medina,  Ohio. 

Spitzka,  Edward  Charles,  physician,  au- 
tlior.  was  horn  Nov.  10,  1852.  in  New  York 
City.  Ill  1880-83  he  was  a  professor  in  the 
New  York  post-graduate  medical  school; 
and  since  1884  lias  been  consulting  physi- 
cian of  the  Northeastern  dispensary.  He 
discovered  the  inter-optic  lobes  of  the  lower 
brain.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Insanity,  its 
Classification,    Diagnosis    and    Treatment. 


Spivak,  Charles  D.,  educator,  librarian, 
physician,  author,  was  born  Dec.  25,  1861, 
in  "Russia.  In  1882  he  left  Russia  on  ac- 
count of  political  views,  avoiding  thereby 
exile  to  Siberia.  He  became  a  laborer  in 
New  York,  a  mill  hand  in  Maine,  a  farmer 
in  New  Jersey,  and  a  teacher  and  librarian 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1890  he  graduated 
from  the  Jefferson  medical  college;  and  in 
1891-92  studied  at  the  Berlin  university. 
In  1869-1900  he  was  a  lecturer,  and  in  1897- 
!)8  was  professor  of  anatomy  at  the  Den- 
ver school  of  medicine.  In  1898-1902  he 
was  editor  of  Medical  Libraries;  and  li- 
brarian of  the  Denver  academy  of  medi- 
cine. He  is  a  member  of  the  American  med- 
ical association  and  other  medical  and 
scientific  societies.  In  1900-07  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  clinical  medicine  at  the  Denver 
and  Gross  medical  school,  a  department 
of  tlie  university  of  Denver;  and  is  also 
secretary  of  the  Colorado  medical  library 
association. 

Spofford,  Ainsworth  Rand,  librarian,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Sept.  12,  1825,  in  Gilman- 
ton,  N.H.  In  1896  lie  became  chief  assistant 
librarian  of  congress;  and  editor  of  The 
American  Almanac  and  Treasury  of  Facts. 
He  was  the  author  of  Library  of  Choice 
Literature;  Library  of  Historical  Charac- 
ters; Library  of  Wit  and  Humor;  and 
Practical  Manual  of  Parliamentary  Rules. 
He  died  Aug.  11,  1908,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Spofford,  Mrs.  Harriet  Elizabeth,  author, 
poet,  was  born  April  3,  1835,  in  Calais, 
Maine.  She  is  a  novelist  and  poet  of  New- 
buryport.  She  is  the  author  of  Azarian; 
Sir 'Rohan's  Ghost;  The  Amber  Gods,  and 
■  Other  Stories;  New  England  Legends;  The 
Thief  in  the  Night;  The  Marquis  of  Cara- 
bas,  a  romance;  A  Lost  Jewel;  Hester 
Stanley  at  St.  Mark's,  a  story  for  girls; 
The  Scarlet  Poppy,  and  Other  Stories;  Art 
Decoration  Applied  to  Furniture;  Home  and 
Hearth;  Essavs  on  the  Domestic  Relations; 
Three  Heroines  of  New  England;  The 
Servant  Girl  Question;  A  Master  Spirit; 
Ballads  About  Authors;  Poems;  In  Titan's 
Garden,  and  other  Poems;  and  Old  Wash- 
ington. 

Spofford,  Henry  Martyn,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  8,  1821.  in  Gilman- 
ton,  N.H.  In  1853-55  he  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Ijouisiana.  In 
1877  he  was  elected  United  States  senator 
from  Louisiana  by  the  Nicholls  legisla- 
Inre.  hut  the  senate  admitted  William  P. 
Kellogg,  who  had  been  cliosen  by  the  rival, 
or  Packard  legislature.  He  was  co-author 
of  The  Louisiana  I\tagistrate  and  Parish 
Official  Guide.  He  died  Aug.  20,  1880,  in 
Red    Siili>luir    Springs.    W.Va. 

Spofford,  John  Pembroke,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1862  he  was  lieu- 
tenant in  the  ninety-seventh  regiment  New 
York  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
Aug.  29,   1884. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


301 


Spofford,  Paul  Nelson,  merchant,  busi- 
ness president,  was  born  in  New  York  City. 
He  received  his  education  in  select  schools. 
He  has  been  director  in  banks,  railroads, 
insurance  and  other  companies.  He  was 
president  of  the  Grocer's  steam  sugar  re- 
tining  company;  and  president  of  the  Sa- 
mama  bay  company.  He  was  on  the  stalf 
of  (Governors  Young  and  Hamilton  Fish  as 
engineer-in-diief  of  tin;  state  of  New  York 
with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general;  and 
as  Hrst  engineer,  organized  that  depart- 
ment. He  is  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
colonial  wars;  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Historical  society;  a  member  of  the  Amer- 
ican association  for  the  advancement  of 
science;  and  a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork 
ciiamber  of  commerce. 

Spooner,  Alden  Jeremiah,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  2,  1810,  in  .Sag  Harbor,  N.Y'.  He 
was  the  originator  in  1863  of  the  Long  Is- 
land Historical  society;  and  gave  more 
tlian  one  tiiousand  books  and  pamphlets 
as  a  nucleus  for  its  library.  He  edited, 
with  notes  and  memoirs  of  tlie  authors, 
Gabriel  Furman's  Notes,  Geographical  and 
Historical.  Relating  to  the  Town  of  Brook- 
lyn; and  Silas  Wood's  Sketch  of  the  First 
Settlement  of  the  Several  Towns  on  Long 
Island.  He  died  Aug.  2,  1881,  in  Hemp- 
stead,  N.Y. 

Spooner,  Benjamin  F.,  soldier,  was  born 
Oct.  27,  1S2S.  in  Mansfield,  Ohio.  At  the 
beginning    of    tlie    civil     war     he     became 

lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  seventh  Indiana 
regiment,  with  whicli 
he  fought  at  Philippi 
and  Laurel  Hill;  and 
he  afterward  held 
tlie  same  commission 
in  the  fifty-first  In- 
diana, with  which  he 
was  present  at  Shi- 
loh  and  the  siege  of 
Corinth.  He  then 
resigned  and  return- 
ed home;  but  was 
made  colonel  of  the  eighty-third  Indiana. 
In  18(1")  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
and  major-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
April   .3,    1881,   in   Lawrenceburg,   Ind. 

Spooner,  Charles  Horace,  educator,  col- 
li gc  idcsidcnt.  was  l)orn  Aug.  (>,  IS.'iS,  in 
Cliarlestown.  N.II.  He  was  educated  in  the 
schools  of  his  native  town;  and  in  1878 
graduated  with  the  degree  of  S.B.,  from 
Norwich  nniversity.  In  1879-81  he  taught 
at  St.  .\iigustine  college  of  California,  at 
\  erniont  academy,  at  the  public  schools 
of  Fitchburg.  and' in  187!)-lfK)4  at  the  Man- 
ual training  achol  of  Washington  univer- 
sity of  St.  Louis.  Mo.  In  1881-81)  In-  was 
instructor  of  mathematics  and  military 
tactics  at  Vermont  academy.  Since  1!M)4  he 
lias  been  the  president  of  Norwich  univer- 
sity of  Northfield.  Vt.  In  187it-81  he  was 
major  in  the  California,  national  guard:  and 


• 


in    1888-89   was  major  in  the  Vermont  na- 
tional  guard. 

Spooner,  Clapp,  financier,  was  born  June 
11,  1824,  in  Fitzwilliam,  N.H.  When  the 
Haniden  Express  company,  with  others, 
determined  to  com- 
bine and  incorporate 
the  great  system  of 
the  Adams  Express 
company,  he  was  one 
of  the  nine  organiz- 
ers of  that  company; 
and  has  been  identi- 
fied with  it  ever  since. 
For  many  years  one 
of  its  managers  and 
superintendent  of  the 
New  England  divi- 
sion; he  held  the  of- 
fice of  vice-president  in  1887-91,  when  he 
retired  from  active  commercial  life.  He 
now  devotes  all  of  his  time  to  the  improve- 
ment and  building  up  of  his  large  tract  of 
land,  called  IJrooklawn  park,  a  suburb  of 
Bridgeport,  Conn.  He  died  in  Bridgeport, 
Conn. 

Spooner,  Henry  J.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Aug.  6, 
1839,     in     Providence,    R.I.     He    served     in 

^ the  Union  army  as  a 

commissioned     officer 

in    1862-05.      He    was 

admitted    to    the    bar 

4  in     the    -latter     year, 

ji        «g^  tftiH  ^"^    engaged    in    the 

^       ^^  ^^^H         practice     of     law     in 

m^,         /'-iSyi^B  ^^^^    native    city.      He 

^L         '  ^^^SB  was  a  member  of  the 

^^^    -^iKt^m  state  house  of  repre- 

^^«  _,  ^^^^r^  sentatives   in    1875-81, 

^^^B      ^'9^^^^^      serving      as      speaker 

■§■— :r_^^^HB     the  last  two  years.   In 

1881-91  he  was  a  rep- 
forty-seventh,  fortv- 
fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
■publican.  In  1902  he  was 
( lected  a  member  of  the  general  assembly 
of     Ilhode     Island. 

Spooner,  John  Coit,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  I'liited  States  senator,  was  born 
Jan.  6.  1843,  in  Lawrenceburg,  Ind.  He 
was  military  an^d  private  secretary  to 
(iovernor  Lucius  Fairchild  of  Wisconsin. 
He  served  as  assi-stant  attorney-general  of 
Wisconsin  in  1867-70.  In  1872  he  was 
elected  a  representativi'  in  the  Wisconsin 
legislature.  In  1885-91  and  1897-1907  he 
was  Cnited  States  senator  from  Wisconsin. 
Spooner,  Lysander,  lawyer,  author,  was 
hum  .Ian.  19.  18(»8.  in  Athel.  Mass.  He 
was  a  lawyer  of  Boston;  and  j)rominent 
as  an  abolitionist.  Hi?  was  tlie  author  of 
Our  Finances:  The  Deist's  Reply  to  the  Al- 
leged Siiperiiatural  ICvidences  of  Christian- 
ity; A  Defense  for  Fugitive  Slaves;  l^n- 
(oiistitutionality  of  Slavery;  The  Law  of 
Prices;  and  Poverty:  Causes  and  Cure.  He 
di.'.l    Mav    14.    1887.    in    P.oston.   Mass. 


resentative     to    the 
eighth,    forty-nintli, 

rei 


302 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Spooner,  Marshall  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  ]\Iay  18,  1858,  in  Lawrenceburg,  Ind. 
In  1876  he  graduated  from  Hughes  college 
of  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  and  subsequently 
studied  law.  In  1878-82  he  practiced  law 
in  Lawrenceburg,  Ohio.  In  1882-85  he  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in  Moorhead,  Minn.; 
and  then  in  1885-1902  in  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Since  1903  he  has  been  judge  of  the  fifteenth 
judicial  district  court  of  Minnesota,  and 
is  now  serving  the  term  of  1905-11;  and 
resides    in    Bemidji,    Minn. 

Spooner,  Thomas,  merchant,  lawyer,  gene- 
alogist, was  born  Jan.  17,  1817.  In  1802  he 
was  appointed  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue for  the  first  district  of  Ohio.  He  was 
the  author  of  the  Records  of  William 
Spooner.  He  died  March  10,  1890,  in  Glen- 
dale,    Ohio. 

Spooner,  Shearjashub,  dentist,  author, 
was  born  in  1809,  in  Brandon,  Vt.  He  was 
ti  dentist  of  New  York  City.  He  \\»as  tlie 
author  of  Guide  to  Sound  Teeth;  Surgical 
and  Mechanical  Dentistry;  Biographical 
and  Critical  Dictionary  of  Painters,  En- 
gravers, Sculptors  and  Architects;  and  An- 
ecdotes of  Painters.  He  died  in  March, 
1859,   in   Plainfield,   N.J. 

Spoonts,  Morris  Augustus,  lawyer,  jurist, 
orator,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1857,  in  Bell  coun- 
ty, Texas.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  his  native  state;  has  be- 
come one  of  the  foremost  lawyers  of  Texas; 
and  has  a  large  practice  in  Fort  Worth. 
He  has  been  prosecuting  attorney;  judge 
of  his  county;  president  of  the  city  coun- 
cil; and  filled  various  other  public  posi- 
tions of  honor.  For  many  j'ears  he  has 
been  attorney  of  the  Union  Pacific  Railway 
company,  and  the  Fort  Worth  and  Denver 
City  railroad  company.  He  is  prominent  in 
public  affairs  and  in  politics,  and  has  at- 
tained  ])rominence  as  a  brilliant  orator. 

Spotswood,  Alexander,  colonial  governor, 
was  born  in  1676  in  Africa.  He  was  colonial 
governor  of  Virginia  in  1710-22.  He  died 
June  7.  1740.  in  Annapolis.  Md. 

Spotts,  James  W.,  naval  oflficer.  He  was 
a  rear-ndiniral  in  the  United  States  army. 
He  died  in  1899. 

Spotts,  James  Hanna,  naval  officer,  was 
born  March  11.  1822.  in  Fort  Johnson,  N.C. 
He  sei-ved  during  the  civil  war;  and  in  1881 
was  promoted  to  rear-admiral.  He  died 
March  8,  1882,  in  the  Falkland  Tslands. 

Sprague,  Albert  Arnold,  merchant,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  May  19,  1835,  in  Ran- 
dolph, Vt.  In  1862  he  settled  in  Chicago.  111. ; 
and  there  founded  the  wholesale  grocery  es- 
tablishment of  Sprague,  Warner  and  com- 
pany. He  was  the  organizer  of  the  Northern 
trust  company  ;  and  a  director  in  the  Chicago 
telejihone  company  and  other  corporations. 
In  1887-90  he  was  p^-esident  of  the  Chicago 
relief  and  aid  society;  in  1882  was  president 
of  the  Commercial  club:  and  is  a  director  of 
the  Art  institute. 

Sprague,  Alfred  White,  chemist,  author, 
was  born  June  17,  1821,  in  the  Sandwich  Is- 


lands. In  1854-55  he  was  professor  of  natural 
philosophy  and  chemistry  in  Washington  uni- 
versity ;  and  in  1859-63  was  experimental  lec- 
turer on  those  subjects  in  the  Boston  schools. 
He  was  the  author  of  Chemical  Experiments  ; 
and  Elements  of  Natural  Philosophy.  He 
died  Dec.  7,  1891,  in  Wollaston,  Mass. 

Sprague,  Augustus  Brown  Reed,  soldier, 
merchant,  banker,  was  born  March  7,  1827, 
in  Ware,  Mass.  In  1861-65  he  served  in  the 
union  army  as  captain,  lieutenant  colonel  and 
colonel ;  and  was  brevetted  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  civil  war.  In  1867-72  he 
was  United  States  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue for  the  eighth  Massachusetts  district ; 
was  sheriff  of  Worcester  county  in  1871-90_; 
and  in  1896-97  was  mayor  of  Worcester, 
Mass.  He  is  a  successful  merchant ;  a  direct- 
or of  the  Worcester  electric  light  company  ; 
and  president  of  the  Worcester  mechanics' 
savings  bank.  In  1867-68  he  was  commander 
of  department  of  Massachusetts  grand  army 
of  the  republic  ;  and  is  a  member  of  the  mil- 
itay  order  of  the  loyal  legion  of  the  United 
States. 

Sprague,  Austin  Velorous  Milton,  mechan- 
ic, inventor,  was  born  May  28.  1840,  in  Ro- 
chestei',  N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  and  at  Peck's  academy  of  Rochester, 
N.Y.  He  served  an  apprenticeship  in  liis 
father's  manufactory  of  heating  and  ven- 
tilating devices  and  kitchen  utensils.  He  has 
patented  various  inventions  and  oil  produc- 
tions in  Pennsylvania.  He  raised  water  of  the 
Allegheny  river  to  a  reservoir.  He  has  in- 
vented various  devices  for  use  in  oil  produc- 
tions and  has  invented  other  machinery  and 
apparatus.  He  is  president  of  the  Sprague 
apparatus  company,  manufacturers  of  New 
York  City. 

Sprague,  Charles,  financier,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Oct.  26.  1791,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  a  cashier  of  the  Globe  bank  of  Boston  in 

1825-65.  He  was  well 
known  in  his  lifetime 
as  a  poet ;  and  still 
pleasantly  remembered 
for  the  genuine  senti- 
ment in  such  poems  ns 
The  Family  Meeting 
and  The  Winged  Wor- 
shippers, though  an 
Ode  to  Shakespeare 
was  once  much  prais- 
ed. His  poems  first 
appeared  in  1841,  the 
latest  edition  being 
that  of  1876.  He  died  Jan.  22.  1875,  in  Bos- 
ton, ;Mass, 

Sprague,  Charles  Ezra,  banker,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  9.  1842,  in  Nassau.  N.Y.  He 
is  president  of  the  Union  dime  savings  insti- 
tution in  New  York  City  ;  is  professor  of  ac- 
countancy at  the  New  York  university  :  and 
inventor  of  devices  and  systems  for  savings 
banks  and  oHkm'  bookkeeping.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Logical  Symbolism ;  Handbook  of 
Volapiik  ;   and  TIr'' I'liilosophy   of  Accounts. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


303 


Sprague,  Charles  Franklin,  hnvver  state 
senator,  (•oniivcssmaii,  was  horn  June  10, 
1857,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1891-92  he  was  in 
the  Massachusetts  house  of  representatives. 
In  1893-94  he  was  a  member  of  the  board  of 
park  cunnnissioners  of  the  city  of  Boston. 
In  1895-96  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts state  senate ;  and  in  1897-1901  he  was 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to  tlie 
Hfty-lifth  and  lifty-sixtli  coniiresscs  as  a  re- 
publican. He  died  in  1901  in  I'lovidence,  K.I. 
Sprague,  Charles  James,  botanist,  banker, 
poet,  was  born  Jan.  16,  1823.  in  Boston, 
Mass.  For  many  years  he  was  curator  of 
botany  in  tlie  Boston  .society  of  Natural  His- 
tory ;  and  was  known  anions  cryptogamists 
for  his  collection  of  lichens.  He  contributed 
poems  to  journals  and  magazines ;  and  wrote 
articles  for  scientific  papers.  He  died  in  1903 
in  Boston,  ^lass. 

Sprague,  Ebenezer,  soldier.  He  attained 
the  rank  uf  gcueral.  He  died  Jan.  3.  1892.  in 
(Jrand  Kapids,  Mich. 

Sprague,  Ezra  T.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Connecticut.  In  1861  ho  was  lirst  lieutenant- 
adjutant  in  the  eighth  regiment  Wisconsin 
infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetlcd  briga- 
dier-gen<'ral  of  voiiuiteers.  He  died  Dec. "SO, 
1888^ 

Sprague,  Frank  Headley,  engraver,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1861  in  ^lelrose,  Mass. 
He  lias  been  in  the  engraving  business  since 
1884  in  Boston.  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of 
Spiritual   Consiiousness. 

Sprague,  Frank  Julian,  inventor,  founder, 
was  born  .Inly  25.  1857.  in  Milford.  Conn. 
In  1884  be  founded  the  Sprague  electric  rail- 
way and  motor  company  ;  and  is  pioneer  of 
the  modern  electric  railway.  He  is  the  in- 
ventor of  the  SprMgue  electric  motors. 

Sprague,  Franklin  M.,  soldier,  lawyer 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1842, 
in  East  Dotiglas,  Mass.  For  two  years  he 
served  as  lieutenant  and  captain  in  the  union 
army.  In  1869-75  he  practiced  law  ;  and  since 
1875  has  been  a  congregational  clergyman. 
He  is  the  author  of  Socialism  From  (Jenesis 
to  lievelation ;  The  Laws  of  Social  Evolu- 
tion ;  and  Honest  Money. 

Sprague,  Henry  Harrison,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  author,  was  iioni  -Vug.  1,  1841,  in 
.\thol,  Mass.  In  1864  he  grailnated  from 
Harvard  college;  and  since  1868  has  been 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Boston, 
.Mass.  In  1874-76  lie  was  a  member  of  tln^ 
Boston  connnon  council  ;  and  in  1878-1905 
was  a  trustee  of  the  Boston  city  hos|)ital.  In 
1881-83  he  was  a  representative  in  the  Ma.ssa- 
cliusetts  state  legislature;  and  in  1888-91  was 
a  member  of  the  state  senate,  being  i)resi(h-nt 
of  the  senate  in  1890-91.  In  1892  he  was 
chairman  of  the  commission  to  revise  the 
election  laws  of  Massachusetts;  and  since 
1895  has  been  chairman  of  the  Metropolitan 
water  and  si'werage  boanl.  In  1880  he  was 
one  of  the  organizers  of  the  I^lstoIl  civil  serv- 
ice reform  association  :  and  since  1889  has 
been  its  president.  In  1867-79  he  was  secre- 
tary of  the  Boston  young  men's  christian  un- 


ion ;  and  in  1879-1909  was  its  vice-president. 
He  is  the  author  of  Women  Under  the  Law 
of  Massachusetts;  City  Government  in  Bos- 
ton :  and  A  Story  of  a  New  England  Town. 
Sprague,  Homer  Baxter,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Oct.  19.  1829.  in 
Sutton.  Mass.  He  be;ame  head  master  of 
the  girls'  high  school  of  Boston,  Mass.;  serv- 
ed as  a  representative  in  the  Connecticut 
legislature;  and  was  commissioned  captain, 
major,  lieutenant  and  colonel  in  the  volun- 
teer army.  He  was  wounded  in  battle  and 
brevetted  for  gallantry  at  Port  Hudson,  La. 
He  tlHMi  became  professor  in  Cornell  univer- 
sity ;  has  been  president  of  Mills  college ; 
president  of  the  university  of  North  Dakota  ; 
and  professor  at  the  Drew  theological  sem- 
inary of  Madison,  N..J.  He  has  been  an- 
notator  and  editor  of  the  masterpieces  of 
the  leading  poets:  and  a  successful  lecturer 
on  Shakespeare,  Milton,  Goldsmith  and  oth- 
ers. He  is  the  author  of  the  History  of  the 
Thirteenth  Connecticut  Volunteers;  Recol- 
lections of  Henry  Ward  Beecher  ;  and  other 
works.  He  is  the  founder  of  Martha's  Vine- 
yard summer  institute. 

Sprague,  John  Titcomb,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  July  3.  1810.  in  Newburyport. 
Mass.  He  was  an  officer  of  the  United  States 
army  ;  and  was  military  governor  of  Florida 
in  1865.  He  was  the  author  of  Origin,  etc., 
of  the  Florida  War.  He  died  Sept.  6.  1878, 
in  New  York  City. 

Sprague,  John  Wilson,  soldier,  merchant, 
banker,  was  born  April  4.  1817,  in  White 
Creek,  N.Y.  He  was  made  a  captain  in  the 
seventh  Ohio  volunteers  at  the  beginning  of 
the  civil  war;  and  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  in  1864.  receiving  the 
brevet  of  major-general  Ignited  States  volun- 
teers in  1865.  He  was  engaged  in  various  en- 
terprises; and  was  for  five  years  president 
of  the  National  bank  in  Tacoma.  He  died 
Dec.  24.  1893.  in  Tacoma,  Wash. 

Sprague,  Levi  L.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  23.  1844.  in  Beekman.  N.Y.  He 
is  the  author  of  Theoretical  and  Practical 
Bookkeeping:  and  .\   Practical  Speller. 

Sprague,  Mary  Aplin,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  17.  1849.  in  Newark,  Ohio. 
She  is  tlie  author  of  An  Earnest  Trifler. 

Sprague,  Peleg,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  10,  1756.  in  Kochester.  Mass.  In 
1797-99  he  was  a  representative  from  .New 
Hami)shire  to  the  fifth  congress.  He  died 
in   .\iiiil.   IROn.   in    Keen(>.   N.II. 

Sprague,  Peleg,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
ini\n.  United  Stales  senator,  author,  was  born 
.\pril  27.  1793.  in  Du.xbury,  :Mass.  He  was  a 
mend)er  of  the  Maine  legislature  in  1821-22. 
In  1825-29  he  was  a  representative  from 
.Maine  to  the  nineteenth  and  twentieth  con- 
gresses; and  in  1829-35  he  was  United  States 
.senator.  In  1841  he  was  appointed  judge  of 
the  district  court  of  the  United  States  for 
Massachuseiis  :  nnd  in  1841  was  also  a  presi- 
dential elector.  He  was  the  author  of  Speech- 
es   and    Addresses;     and     Decisions    in     .\<l- 


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iniralty  and  Maritime  Cases.    He  died  Oct. 
13,  1880,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sprague,  Royal  T.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
ibVZ  lie  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  California.  He  died  Feb.  24,  1872, 
in  Sacramento,  Cal. 

Sprague,  William,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, governor.  United  States  senator, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1799,  in  Providence,  R.I. 
lie  was  elected  to  the  general  assembly  ;  and 
in  1832  was  chosen  speaker  of  the  house.  In 
1835-37  he  was  a  representative  from  Khode 
Island  to  the  twenty-fourth  congress.  In 
1838-39  he  was  the  eleventh  governor  of 
Rhode  Island.  In  1841-45  he  was  a  member 
of  the  United  States  senate.  In  1849  he  was 
a  presidential  elector ;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  state  assembly  at  the  time  of  his  death. 
He  died  Oct.  19,  1856,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Sprague,  William,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Rhode  Island.  In  1849-51  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Michigan  to  the  thirty-first 
congress.    He  died  about  1853  in  Michigan. 

Sprague,  William  Buel,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  16,  1795,  in  Andover, 
Conn.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of 
Albany,  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  An- 
nals of  the  American  Pulpit,  in  ten  vol- 
umes; Letters  to  a  Daughter;  The  Daugh- 
ter's Own  Book;  Letters  from  Europe;  Let- 
ters on  Revivals;  True  Christianity,  and 
Other  Systems;  Life  of  Edward  Dorr  Grif- 
fin; Letters  to  Young  Men;  Women  of  the 
Bible;  Visits  to  European  Celebrities;  Life 
of  Jedediah  Morse;  and  Aids  to  Early  Re- 
ligion. He  died  May  7,  1876,  in  Flushing, 
N.Y. 

Sprague,  William,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
banker,  governor.  United  States  senator,  was 
born   Sept.   12,   1830,   in   Cranston,   R.I.    He 

was  educated  at  Cran- 
ston, Greenwich  and 
Scituate,  R.I. ;  and  at 
the  Irving  institute  of 
Tarrytown,  N.Y.  He 
received  the  honorary 
degrees  of  A.M.  from 
Brown  university.  In 
1861-68  was  governor 
of  the  state  of  Rhode 
Island.  He  was  active 
m    m  "^rji^***''       '"    raising    troops    for 

1^^^  ^IgS^  :A  the  civil  war ;  partic- 
ipated in  the  first  bat- 
tle of  Bull  Run  ;  served  throughout  the  pen- 
insular campaign,  and  was  commissioned 
brii;adier-general  of  the  United  States  volun- 
teers, but  declinod.  In  1862-63  and  1868-75 
was  a  member  of  the  United  States  senate 
from  Rhode  Island. 

Sprague,  William  Cyrus,  educator,  jour- 
nalist, lawyer,  author,  was  born  Feb.  25, 
1800,  in  Malta,  Oliio.  In  1883  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar.  He  is  president  of  the 
Si)rague  publishing  company;  president  of 
the  Sprayiie  corresjiondence  school  of  law; 
and  i)rcsi(lent  of  the  Sju-ague  correspondence 
school  of  joiivnalism,  tliree  sejjarate  cor- 
porations of  Detroit,  Mich.     He   is  the  au- 


thor of  Sprague's  Abridgement  of  Black- 
stone;  Quiz-Books  in  Law;  numerous  law 
pamphlets;  and  novels  and  books  for  boys. 
Sprague,  William  P.,  merchant,  banker, 
stale  senator,  congressman,  was  born  May 
21,  1827,  in  .Morgan  county,  Ohio.  He  was 
president  of  the  First  national  bank  of  Mc- 
Connellsville,  Ohio;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate  of  Ohio  in  1860-04.  In 
1871-75  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  forty-second  and  forty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  republican.  He  died  March  4, 
1899,   in   McConnellsville,   Ohio. 

Spring,  Leverett  Wilson,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Jan.  5,  1840,  in 
Grafton.    Vt.      In    1863    he   graduated   from 

Williams  college;  and 
studied  theology  at 
the  Hartford  theo- 
logical seminary;  and 
at  the  Andover  theo- 
logical seminary.  He 
received  the  degree  of 
D.D.  from  the  Kan- 
sas state  university. 
In  1868-75  he  was 
pastor  of  the  Roll- 
stone  congregational 
church  of  Fitchburg, 
Mass.;  and  in  1876-81 
was  pastor  of  the  Ph^mouth  congregational 
church  of  Lawrence,  Kans.  In  1881-86  he 
was  professor  of  English  literature  in  the 
Kansas  state  universitj*;  and  since  1886 
has  filled  that  chair  in  Williams  college. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  American  Historical 
society';  and  a  member  of  the  National  his- 
torical society.  He  is  the  author  of  Mark 
Hopkins,  Teacher;  and  Williams  College  in 
llistcU'v  of  Berkshire  County,  Mass. 

Sproul,  William  C,  publisher,  railway 
])r('wident,  statesman,  was  born  Sept.  16, 
187U,  in  Octoraro,  Pa.  In  1893  he  grad- 
luited  with  the  degi'ee  of  B.S.  from  Swarth- 
more  college.  In  1892  he  purchased  a  half 
interest  in  the  Chester  Daily  Times;  in 
1898  was  elected  vice-president  of  Roach's 
shipyard;  and  in  1900  organized  the  Sea- 
board steel  casting  company  of  Chester,  of 
which  he  is  president.  In  1900  he  also  or- 
ganized the  Chester  shipping  company;  and 
is  its  president.  He  is  president  of  the 
Coal  river  railway  of  West  Virginia;  and  a 
dozen  other  industrial  corporations.  Since 
1897  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania state  senate;  and  is  the  author  of 
the  Sproul  road  bill  and  other  laws. 

Sprattling,  William  Philip,  physician,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  Oct.  13,  1863,  in  Chambers 
county,  Ala.  Since  1894  he  has  been  med- 
ical superintendent  of  the  Craig  colony  for 
epiletics  at  Sonyea.  N.Y.  He  is  the  author 
of    Kpilepsy   niul    Its   Treatment. 

Spread,  Henry  Fenton,  ])ainter,  artist,  was 
i)()rn  Oct.  21,  1844,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
elected  an  academician  of  the  Chicago  acad- 
emy of  design  in  1871;  and  became  its  pro- 
fessor of  drawing  and  i)ainting.  He  left 
the  institufe  to  make  a  two  vears'   tour  of 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


305 


ISSd       he 


Italy;  and  on  his  return  founded  Spread's 
art  aeatleniy.  Among  liis  works  are  Clii- 
cago  Rising  from  Her  Aslies;  and  Sad 
News.  He  died  Se])t.  .">.  18!)(),  in  Chicago, 
HI. 

Sprecher,  Samuel,  elerjivnian,  college  pres- 
idi'ut.  author,  was  horn  Dee.  28,  181U,  in 
Hagerstown,  Md.  In  lS4S)-74  he  was  pres- 
ideiit  of  WurttMuhurg  seminary  at  Spring- 
field. Ohio;  and  professor  of  systematic 
theology  there  since  1874.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  (Jroundwork  of  a  System  of 
Lutheran  Theology . 

Spreckels,  Claus,  merchant,  manufacturer, 
was  lioni  ill  1S2S  in  llano\er.  In  184(i  he 
came  to  the  I'nited  States;  and  in  ISli.'J 
estahlishe'l  the  Bay  sugar  refinery  in  San 
I'rancisco.  t'al.  He  invented  new  retining 
processes;  now  has  "a  heet  sugar  farm  of 
iifteen  Imndred  acres:  and  a  factory  at 
Watsonville.    Cai. 

Spreckels,   John  Diedrich,   merchant,   was 
liorir  Aug.    l(i.    IS.");!,   in   (liar lesion.   S.C.    In 
fouiuled     the     sugar    liouse     now 
known    as    the    J.    D. 
Spreckels    and    hroth- 
ers    company,    capital 
two     million      dollars, 
to     engage     in     ti'ade 
with  the  Hawaiian  is- 
^  "  ^'MB         hiiids,    beginning    op- 

«a»  ^^w  erations   with    the   lit- 

"^  tie    two    hiuidred    Ion 

^  A.  schooner    Rosario.      In 

1887      he      established 
—^^^^^^—      the    Spreckels     broth- 
^^S^^^^^^^^^^l  conunercial     com- 

-  ■  pany  at  San  Diego, 
and  built  one  of  tlie  finest  wharves,  coal 
depots  and  warehouses  there  on  tlie  Pacific 
coast,  lie  is  president  of  the  Oceanic  steam- 
ship company;  and  proprielor  of  the  San 
l'"i'ancisco    Morning   Call. 

Sprang,  Samuel  P.,  clergyman,  editor,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  II,  183:5,  in  Wayne 
county,   Ohio.      In    1870   he   was    licensed   to 

preach     in    the    lC\an- 
gel.eal         association; 
and       in       188;J      was 
elected   |iresiding  elder 
and   frateiiial   delegate 
til   the  gi'neral   confer- 
eiic.'     of     the     united 
brethren  church.  Since 
1887   he  has  been   edi- 
tor   of    The    lOvangeli- 
cal         Messenger        of 
Cleveland,     Ohio;    and 
was    one    of    the    edi- 
tors  of   The   Standard 
in    18!».'J-y.)    he    was    llie    jiresi- 
.Mjssionary    society;    an<l    since 
has    been    president    of   the    ^iMing    |)eo- 
ple's  allianc(>.      Me  w  the  author  of  the  His 
lory    of    the    Kvangelical    Association;    Hays 
gilt  ;     and     Life     of     Bishop    .lohii     Sey- 


Dietionary. 
(b'nt    of    flu 
18U.> 


of     I 

bert. 

Sprigg,  James  C,  congressman,  was  liorn 
in    Maryland.      In    1841-4.'{   he  was   a    repre- 


sentative   from    Kentucky    to    the    twenty- 
.seventh    congress.      He    died    in    Shelbyville, 

Sprigg,  Michael  C,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Frostburg,  Md.  He 
was  frequently  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
legislature;  and  was  at  one  time  president 
of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal.  He  was 
a  presidential  elector  in  1820.  In  1827-31 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  twentieth 
and  twenty-first  congresses.  He  died  Dec. 
28,    184.").    in    Cumlierland,   Md. 

Sprigg,  Richard,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Maryland.  In  17!)r)-!)y  and  1801-03  he 
was  a  rejiresentative  from  Maryland  to  the 
foiu-th.  tiftli  and  seventh  congresses.  He 
(lied    in    Maryland. 

Sprigg,  Samuel,  governor,  was  born  in 
Maryland.  He  was  the  fourteenth  gov- 
ernor of  ^Maryland  in  1819-22.  He  died  in 
Maryland. 

Sprigg,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Maryland.  In  1793-97  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Maryland  to  the  third  and 
fourth    congresses.      He    died    in    Maryland. 

Sprigg,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  -Maryland.  He  was  appointed  United 
States  judge  for  the  territory  of  Michigan; 
and  in  180G  was  transferred  to  the  same 
])()sition  in  Orleans.  In  1812  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  Louisiana;  and  in  1813  to  the  ter- 
ritory of  Illinois.  On  the  admission  of  Mis- 
souri into  the  union  as  a  state  he  received 
the  aiipointment  of  district  judge  of  the 
Inited  States  district  court  for  that  state, 
lie   died    in    Afissouri. 

Spriggs,  John  Thomas,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  April  ,5,  1824,  in  England. 
In  1853  he  was  elected  district  attorney  of 
Oneida  county,  N.Y.;  and  county  treasurer 
in  1850.  He  was  elected  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Utica  in  18G8  and  1880.  'in  1883-87  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth  congresses 
as  a  democrat.  He  died' Dec.  23,  1888,  in 
I  tica.  N.Y. 

Spring,  Alfred,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Feb.  18,  1851.  in  Franklinville,  N.Y.  He  be- 
.::an  the  iiractice  of  law  in  1875;  and  in  1880- 
92  was  surrogate  of  Cattaraufais  county,  N. 
V.  In  1892-1909  he  was  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  New  York  for  the 
eighth  district. 

Spring,  Edward  Adolphus,  sculjitor,  art- 
ist, w.is  JHnii  \\vj..  20,  1837,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1868  he  discovered  at  Eagleswood, 
.N'.J..  a  fine  modeling  clay,  peculiarly  suited 
to  (erra-cotta  work:  and  in  1877  he  estab- 
lished ;it  Perth  .\iiiboy  the  Eauleswood  .Vrt 
Piillery.  .\t  the  national  acaileiny  he  exhib- 
ited ;i  bust  of  (liusepi)e  Mazzini  in  1873;  and 
sev.-ral  terra-(o(ta  pieces  in  1878.  Since  1880 
he  has  been  diiecior  (if  ilie  Chaiilaiifpi;i  .school 

of    seiiliitlire. 

Spring,  Gardiner,  leigyman,  autiior,  was 
born  Feb.  24,  178").  in  Newburyport,  Mass. 
lie  was  a  piesbyterjan  clergyman  :  was  jiastor 
of  the  P.rick  church  in  1810-73.    He  was  the 


306 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


author  of  Power  of  the  Pulpit ;  The  Church 
in  the  Wilderness ;  Sermons ;  The  Mercy 
Seat.  He  died  Aug.  18,  1873.  in  New  York 
City. 

Spring,  Leverett  Wilson,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Jan.  5.  1840.  in 
^'ermont.  He  is  a  congregational  clergyman  ; 
profes.sor  of  English  literature  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Kansas  in  1881-86  :  and  professor  of 
English  literature  at  Williams  college  from 
1886.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  Kan- 
sas ;  Mark  Hopkins  :  Teacher ;  and  Williams 
College  in  History  of  Berkshire  County, 
Mass. 

Spring,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
liorn  March  10.  1746,  in  Xorthbridge,  Mass. 
In  1775  he  became  a  chaplain  in  the  army. 
In  1799  he  aided  in  founding  the  Massachu- 
setts missionary  society,  of  which  he  was 
ju-esident.  He  published  twenty-five  miscel- 
laneous discourses :  and  a  number  of  contro- 
versial works.  He  died  March  4,  1819,  in 
Newburyport,  IMass. 

Springer,  Frank,  lawyer,  paleontologist, 
scientist,  author,  was  born  June  17.  1848.  in 
Wapello,  Iowa.  In  1900  he  was  a  member  of 
the  legislative  council  of  New  Mexico.  He  is 
the  author  of  North  American  Grinoidea 
Camerota  ;  and  other  scientific  works. 

Springer,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Ruter,  litterateur, 
author,  poet,  was  born  Nov.  8,  1832.  in  In- 
dianapolis, Ind.  In  1850  she  graduated  fr  )m 
Wesleyan  female  college  of  Cincinnati.  Ohio; 
and  in  1859  she  was  married  to  Hon.  Will- 
iam M.  Springer.  She  was  the  author  of  two 
novels  entitled  Beechwood  ;  and  Self :  and  a 
volume  of  poems  entitled  Songs  of  the  Sea  ; 
and  other  works.  She  died  in  1904  in  Wash- 
ington. D.C. 

Springer,  Reuben  Runyan,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Nov.  16,  1800,  in  Frankfort.  Ky. 
He  gave  to  the  music  hall,  exposition  build- 
ing, the  Odeon  theater,  and  the  art  museum 
in  Cincinnati,  in  all  four  hundred  and  twen- 
ty thousand  dollars;  to  private  charities  of 
the  Roman  catholic  church,  of  which  lie  was 
a  member,  more  than  one  hundred  thousand 
dollars;  and  at  least  thirty  thousand  dollars 
annually  in  the  way  of  benevolence.  He 
left  about  three  million  dollars  to  his  nearest 
of  kin,  having  no  children  ;  also  annuities  to 
the  college  of  music,  the  music  hall  and  the 
art  museum,  anjl  nearly  four  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars  to  various  Roman  catholic  char- 
itable institutions.  He  died  Dec.  10,  1884,  in 
Cincinnati.  Ohio. 

Springer,  William  McKendree,  lawyer, 
jurist,  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  May 
30,  1836,  in  Sullivan  county,  Ind,  In  1870- 
72  he  was  a  member  of  the  Illinois  state  leg- 
islature :  and  in  1875-95  he  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  forty-fourth  to  the  tifty-tliird  con- 
gresses. In  1896-99  he  was  district  judge  of 
the  United  States  court  for  the  northern  dis- 
trict of  Indian  Territory  ;  and  chief  justice 
of  the  I'nited  States  court  of  apjx'als  for  the 
Indian  territory  for  term  expiring  in  1899, 
He  died  Dec.  4.  1903,  in  Washington,  D.C. 


Sproat,  Ebenezer,  soldier,  civil  engineer, 
was  born  in  1752  in  Middleborough,  Mass. 
In  1775  he  entered  the  army  as  a  captain  ; 
and  became  a  lieutenant-colonel.  He  was 
subsequently  a  surveyor  of  Providence.  R.I. 
He  died  in  February,  1805,  in  Marietta,  Ohio. 

SprouU,  Thomas,  reformer,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  15,  1803,  near  Freeport.  Pa.  In 
1840-45  he  wad  a  professor  in  the  imited 
eastern  and  western  seminaries ;  was  re- 
elected in  1856  ;  and  in  1874  was  made  pro- 
fessor emeritus.  He  was  the  author  of  Pre- 
lections on  Theology.  He  died  March  20, 
1892.  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

SprouU,  William  Oliver,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  8,  1848,  in  Allegheny,  Pa.  In 
1880-1900  he  was  professor  of  Latin  and 
Arabic  in  the  university  of  Cincinnati,  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Education  of  the  Roman 
Youth. 

Spruance,  Presley,  merchant,  United 
States  .senator,  was  born  in  1785  in  Dela- 
ware, He  served  in  the  Delaware  state  'sen- 
ate; and  was  president  of  that  body.  In  1847- 
53  he  was  United  States  senator  from  Dela- 
ware. He  died  Feb.  13.  1863,  in  Smyrna, 
Del. 

Spruance,  William  Corbit,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  lioru  April  2.  1831.  in  Smyrna.  I)('l.  In 
1871-97  he  practiced  law  in  Wilmington,  Del. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  associate  justice  of 
the  state  supreme  court  of  Delaware. 

Spry,  William,  legislator,  gevernor,  was 
born  .Ian.  11.  18G4.  in  Windsor  England.  He 
lias  been  county  collector,  held  legislative  po- 
sitions ;  and  served  as  United  States  mar- 
shal. In  1909  he  became  governor  of  the 
state  (if  Utah   fcir  th(>  term   ending  1913. 

Spurgin,  William  Fletcher,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  In  1868-61  he  was  a  stud- 
ent in  the  military  academy  at  Annapolis, 
Md. :  served  throughout  the  civil  war ;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers. In  1866  he  was  appointed  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  thirty-eighth  infantry  ;  in  1876 
became  captain  ;  in  1901  was  promoted  col- 
onel;  and  in  1902  was  retired  with  the  rank 
of  brii^adier-iicncral.    Up  ili(>(l  in  1904. 

Spurling,  Andrew  Barclay,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Maine.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieuten- 
ant in  the  first  regiment  Maine  cavalary ; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers. 

Spurr,  Josiah  Edward,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  1,  187'),  in  Gloucester,  Mass. 
In  1903-()()  he  was  geologist  on  the  United 
States  geological  survey.  In  l!>01-02  he 
was  chief  geologist  an<l  mining  engineer  to 
the  Sultan  of  Turkej'.  He  is  the  author  of 
Through   the  Yukon  Gold  Diggings. 

Squier,  Ephraim  George,  diplomat,  arch- 
aeologist, author,  \\as  horn  .lune  17, 
1821,  in  Bethlehem.  N.\'.  He  was  con- 
sul to  Peru  in  18G3-65;  and  consul-general 
of  Honduras  at  New  York  in  18(58.  He 
was  the  author  of  Nicaragua :  Mexican 
Hieroglyphics;  Ancient  Monuments  of  tlu^ 
Mississippi  Valley;   .\ntiquities  of  (lie  State 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


301 


Ballingtons  and  other 


of    New    York;    Waikna.    or    Adventures   on 
the  ]\[os(|iiito  Coast;    Tlie  States  of  Central' 
America;    Serpent   Symbols;   and  Peru.     He 
died  April   17.   1888. 'in  Brooklyn,  X.Y. 

Squier,  Miles  Powell,  clergyman,  author, 
was  l)(,rn  .May  4.  17i)2.  in  Cornwall,  Vt. 
He  was  a  presbyteriau  eh'rgynian.  lie  was 
tile  author  of  The  I'robleni  Solved,  or  Sin 
Not  of  (iod;  Reason  and  the  Bible;  Miscel- 
laneovrs  Writings;  and  Autobiography.  He 
died  Junt-  22.   18()(;.  in  (ieneva,  X.Y. 

Squire,  Mrs.  Frances,  educator,  author, 
was  boin  Nov.  12,  18U7,  in  Elmira,  X.Y. 
Since  1907  she  has  been  professor  of  Eng- 
lish literature  at  the  university  of  Minne- 
sota; and  is  corresponding  secretary  of  the 
X^'ational  woman's  suilragc'  association.  She 
is  the  author  of  The 
works. 

Squire,    Watson   Carvosso,    soldier,   finan- 
cier,   lawyer,    goxcriKn-.    riiited    States    sen- 
ator, was  born  ]\lav   18.   1838,  in  Cape  \'in- 
^^  _'      cent,    X.Y".       In    18(i2 

s-"   *-  1    he    received     commis- 

^ikv  sion      from     the     gov- 

ernor of  Ohio  to  raise 
the  seventh  independ- 
ent company  o  f 
s  h  a  r  p  s  h  o  o  t  - 
ers,  of  which  he  was 
\j^^-  V  commi.ssioned        c  a  p  - 

^^^^f         ^^^     tain.     He  served  with 
^^^B^^^-    ^^^^H     tlx'  the 

■H^'  .^HhhH  the    battalion 

of  Ohio  sharpshooters 
in  181)3.  His  company  was  selected  by 
<;en(ral  Sherman  as  his  sole  headquarters 
escort  and  bddyguard  in  the  march  to  the 
sea.      He    was   appointed   judge   advocate   of 

on 


the    district    of    Tennessee, 
.Ma  jor-CJeneral     Rousseau ; 
stall    of    (ieneral    Thomas 
Nashville;      was    brevetted 
ant-colonel,    and     colonel ; 
tered   (Uit   of   the   service   in 


the  stair  of 
served  on  the 
in    the    battle    of 

major,  lieuten- 
and    was      inus- 

18(>5.      He   was 


engaged    in 


business  in  the  city  of  New 
^'ork  and  at  (lion.  X.Y.,  in  the  manufac- 
ture and  sale  of  Remington  breecli-loading 
arms  and  ammunition  for  years;  and  vis- 
ited lunopean  countries  and  .Mi'.xico  for  this 
purpose,  .\fter  disposing  of  his  interest  in 
this  b\isiness  he  became  interested  in  the 
lerritorv,  now  state  of  Washington,  where 
lie  iias  «'ng:iged  in  farming  and  other  busi- 
ness since  the  y<ar  187!'.  He  was  governor 
of  the  territory  of  Washington  in  1884-88; 
and  ill  |8S!l-!t7  he  was  I'liiteil  Slates  seii- 
;itf)r. 

Squire,  William  Bradly,  soldier,  pliysi- 
cian,  surgi'on.  was  born  in  18.'50  in  Coshoc- 
ton. Ohio.  In  I8.")7  he  graduated  from  the 
Kclectic  medical  institute  of  Madison,  Ohio. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  a  captain  and 
a  Niirgeon.  lie  attained  success  in  liis 
|)rof(s>ion  in  Indiana  at  Worthington ;  and 
cont  riliiit(  d  to  medical  journals.  Ho  died 
abcnit    l!M(t  in   Worthington,   liid. 


Squires,  Charles  W.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1840.  He  was  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
confederate  army.  He  was  commander  of 
the  Washington  battery  of  New  Orleans  in 
tin-  civil  war.  He  died  Jan.  2:5,  1000.  in 
St.    Louis.    ^lo. 

Staake,  William  Heaton,  lawyir.  jurist, 
autlior,  was  born  Dec.  5,  1840,  in  Brook- 
lyn, X'.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the  gram- 
mar and  high  schools 
of  Philadelphia;  and 
in  1808  graduated 
from  the  lav.'  depart- 
ment of  the  univer- 
sity of  Pennsjdvania 
with  tlie  ■  degree  of 
I.L.D.  In  1808  he  was 
admitted  to  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  and  since 
that  time  has  prac- 
ticed liis  profession  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Since  1901  he  has 
been  a  commissioner  in  Pennsylvania;  and 
was  chairman  of  the  executive  committee 
of  the  national  conference  of  commissioners 
on  universal  law  from  dilVerent  states  of 
the  union.  He  was  secretary  of  tlie  board. 
having  charge  of  Independence  hall  and  its 
historical  museums  and  collections;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  municipal  civil,  serv- 
ice examining  board.  Since  lOOti  he  has 
lieeii  judge  of  the  court  of  common  i)leas 
for  the  county  of  Philadelphia.  He  was 
delegate  and  secretary  of  the  national  di- 
vorce congress ;  and  was  a  commissioner  to 
codify  divorce  laws  of  Penn.sylvania.  Sinci" 
1870  he  has  been  treasurer  of  the  general 
council  of  the  Evangelical  lutheran  church 
in    Xorth    America. 

Stackhouse,  Eli  Thomas,  soldier.  congress- 
Mian,  was  l)oin  ^March  27.  1824,  in  Clarion 
county,  S.C. ;  and  served  througiiout  the 
civil  war;  and  was  surrendered  as  colonel 
of  his  regiment.  Before  the  reconstruction 
he  was  elected  three  times  to  represent  his 
county  in  the  South  Carolina  stale  legisla- 
ture. In  18!)  1-190.3  he  was  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  to  tiie  lifty-second  con- 
gress   as    a    democrat.       He    died    .Iiine    14, 


IS92. 


Ill 


Washington, 


D.C. 


Stackhouse,  James,  merchant,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  dan.  17.  1849.  in  .Marion, 
S.C.  He  was  educated  in  tiie  iniblic 
schools  of  his  native  county.  He  is  a  li\i' 
stock  dealer,  merchant  and  (lealei  in  agri- 
cultural implements  of  .Marion,  S.C;  and 
prominently  identilied  with  the  business 
and  public  affairs  of  that  city.  In  1880-84 
he  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  Marion.  S.C; 
and  has  tilled  various  othei-  |iositions  of 
trust  an<l  honor.  Since  1901  he  has  been  a 
South  Carolina  stale  sen- 
serviii}'  his  second  term  of 


th(> 
now 


member  of 
ate:  ami  i- 
l!HI.")-(lll. 

Stacy,    Edwin 
jurist,  was  born 


Clark,     lawyer,    legislator, 
Sc'it,  5.   1814.  in   Hamilton, 


308 


HERKINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


N.Y.      He    received 


his  education  in  the 
Hamilton  academy  of 
his  native  city,  and 
the  Erie  academy, 
Pennsylvania.  In  183G 
he  moved  to  Ann  Ar- 
hor,  Mich. ;  there 
studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1840  at  Tecumseh, 
Mich.  In  1856  he 
moved  west,  located 
a  government  claim 
at  the  head  of  Gene- 
\a  Lake,  in  the  then 
wilds  of  Minnesota.  In  1856  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  commissioner  to  organize  Free- 
born county;  and  in  1857  he  was  elected 
to  the  constitutional  convention  which 
framed  the  organic  law  of  the  state,  and 
served  in  that  body  with  marked  ability. 
In  1859  he  moved  to  Albert  Lee;  was  elect- 
ed three  terms  as  county  axulitor ;  served 
as  judge  of  probate ;  and  one  term  as  su- 
perintendent of  schools.  He  was  city  jus- 
tice from  1875  until  his  death,  which  oc- 
curred on   Sept.   5,   1896. 

Stackpole,  Everett  S.,  educator,  author, 
was  horn  dune  11,  1850,  in  Durham,  Maine. 
In  1888-93  he  was  director  of  a  theological 
school  in  Florence,  Italy ;  and  has  been  a 
member  of  tlie  iNIaine  conference  of  the 
iiiethodist  episco])al  c-hurcli  since  1878.  He 
is  the  author  of  Four  and  a  Half  Years 
in  the  Italy  Mission;  and  The  Evidence 
of  Salvation  or  the  Direct  Witness  of  the 
S])irit. 

Stacy,    James,    clergyman,    author,    was 
lioni   June    2,   1830,    in    Liberty   county,    Ga. 
In   1857   he   was  called   to   the   pastorate   of 
tiie    ijresbyterian    church    at    Newman,    Ga., 
which  he  has  filled  for  nearly  half  a  century. 
lie  is  president  of  the  board  of  directors  of 
the  theological  seminary  at  Columbia,  S.  C  ; 
and  for  thirty-five  years  has  been  stated  clerk 
of    the    presliytery    of    Atlanta  ;    and    of    the 
synod  of  Georgia  for  twenty-four  years.    He 
is  the  author  of  a  prize  essay  on   the  Holy 
Sabbath  ;  Water  Baptism  ;  Day  of  Rest ;  and 
History   of   ^lidway   Congregational   Church. 
Stacy,    William    Henry,    soldier,    lawyer, 
iu-oker,  was  horn  Feb.  20,  1863,  in  Abbeville, 
S.C.     In   1895  he  graduated  with  the  degree 
of  LL.H.,  from  the  university  of  Texas.    He 
soon  attained  success  as  a  lawyer  in  Texas  ; 
and  is  also  an  Investment  broker  and  identi- 
fied  with    the   l)usiness  and   i)id)lic  afl'airs  of 
ills   community.     For   more    than   twenty-five 
years  he  has  been  connected  with  the  Texas 
volunteer  guard:  and  has  been  commissioned 
respectively    second-lievitenant,    faptain.    ma- 
jor,  lientenant-colonel,  colonel,  brigadier-gen- 
eral and  major-general.    During  the  Spanish- 
American  war  he  served  as  lieutenant-colonel 
ill    the    first    regiment    Texas    United    States 
volante(>r    infantry.     He   is   a   member   of   the 
'I'exas  division  Spanish  war  veterans;  and  a 
member  of  the  Texas  division  of  the  military 
ordiM-   111"    foreign    wars.     He    is    now    major- 


general     commanding     the     Texas     national 
*guard,   with   headquarters  at   Austin,   Texas. 
In  1905  he  was  president  of  the  alumni  asso- 
ciation of  the  university  of  Texas. 

Stadden,  terry  Montague,  journalist,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  May  24,  1870,  in  Utiea, 
Ohio.  Since  1893  he  has  been  Washington 
correspondent ;  and  a  contributor  to  leading 
magazines.  He  is  also  counselor  of  the  lega- 
tion of  Nicarauga.  He  is  the  author  of  Our 
Diplomatic  Relations  with  Nicaragua. 

Stafford,  Charles  Lewis,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Sept.  26,  1844,  in 
Miami  county,  Ohio.  In  1891-99  he  was 
president  of  the  Iowa  W^sleyan  university  ; 
and  is  now  i)iistor  of  the  Methodist  church 
of  Bloomfield.  Iowa. 

Stafford,  Joab  Arwin,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
first  regiment  (jhio  infantry  ;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  in  Ohio. 

Stafford,  Wendell  Phillips,  lawyer,  orator, 
legislator,  jurist,  poet,  was  born  May  1,  1861, 
in  Barre,  Vt.  He  represented  St.  Johnsbnry 
in  the  Vermont  state  legislature  in  1892.  In 
1902-04  he  was  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Vermont.  Since  1904  he  has  been  a 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  District 
of  Columbia.  He  edited  the  sixty-ninth,  sev- 
entieth and  seventy-first  volumes  of  the  Ver- 
mont Reports;  and  is  the  author  of  North 
Flowers. 

Stafford,  William  Berney,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  11.  1867,  in  Selma,  Ala. 
He  is  professor  of  Greek  and  Latin  at  the 
university  of  Alabama.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Construction. 

Stafford,  William  H.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.  He  is  a 
successful  lawyer  of  Milwaukee,  Wis. :  and 
prominent  in  the  business  and  public  affairs 
of  that  city.  In  1903-15  he  was  a  republican 
representative  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third  congresses. 

Stager,  Anson,  telegrapher,  soldier,  was 
born  April  20,  1825,  in  Ontario  county.  N.Y. 
In  1846  he  commenced  work  as  a  telegraph 

operator  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. ;  and  was  the 
first  oijerator  employ- 
ed in  Pittsburgh,  I'a. 
He  became  general 
superintendent  of  the 
central  division  of  the 
Western  Union  tele- 
graph company.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he 
had  charge  of  the  tele- 
gr.iph  lines  in  Ohio, 
Illinois  and  Indiana; 
and  established  many 
field  trlegrnphs  used  during  the  civil  war.  He 
organized  the  military  telegraph  of  Washing- 
Ion,  D.C.  :  and  was  phued  in  charge  of  the 
eyplier  correspondence  of  the  secretary  of 
war.     He   was  brevetted  brigadier-general    iu 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRArHY. 


309 


1868.  In  1869  lie  settled  in  Chicago;  and  was 
president  of  the  Western  Edison  electric  light 
company.  He  died  March  26.  1885.  in  Chi- 
cago.  111. 

Stahel,  Julius  H.,  soldier,  journalist,  was 
liorn  Nov.  4.  1825.  in  Hungary.  In  1856-61 
he  was  engaged  in  journalism  in   New   York 

Cily.  In  1861  was 
comniissioned  lieuteu- 
ant-colonel  and  pro- 
moted colonel  for  serv- 
ices rendered  in  the 
first  battle  of  Bull 
Run.  The  same  year 
ho  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general ;  and 
in  1863  was  promoted 
major-generai  of  vol- 
u  n  t  e  e  r  s  ;  and  was 
awarded  a  medal  of 
L-  honor  by  congress  for 

distinguishing  Grant  in  the  battle  of  Pied- 
mont, W.Va.  In  1870-77  he  .was  engaged  in 
mining.  In  1884-85  he  was  United  States 
consul  to  Yokohama,  and  was  consul  to 
Shanghai.  China. 

Stahl,  John  Meloy,  editor,  publisher,  lec- 
turer, founder,  was  born  Aug.  24,  1860,  in 
Mendon,  111.  He  was  educated  in  the  coun- 
try district  schools  and 
at  the  high  school  of 
Quincy,  111.,  graduat- 
ing as  valedictorian  in 
1881.  In  1883-87  he 
was  editor  of  Sou'h 
and  ^Vest  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  Since  1881  he  has 
been  editor,  and  since 
1886  proprietor,  of  the 
Farmers"  Call  of  Quin- 
cy, 111. ;  and  is  also  an 
extensive  farmer  and 
land  owner.  In  1894- 
1903  he  was  seci-etary  of  the  Farmers"  na- 
tional congress ;  and  is  now  president  of  the 
Farmers'  national  congress,  with  headquar- 
ters in  Chicago.  111.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
executive  comiuitteo  and  innniirration  com- 
mittee of  the  national  civic  federation  ;  and 
secretary  of  the  national  agricultural  press 
league.  He  was  secretary  of  the  Illinois 
good  roads  association.  He  was  the  first  in 
1879  to  propose  free  doJiviTy  of  mail  to  fann- 
ers; and  was  a  leader  in  the  movement  until 
the  reform  was  secured.  He  is  specially 
known  as  a  writei-  on  e  •onomic-agricultural 
subji'cts;  and  has  contributed  extensively  to 
.Vincrican    literature. 

Stable,  James  A.,  soidler,  farmer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  11.  1830,  in  ^Vest 
Chester.  I'a.  He  enlisted  in  1861  as  captain 
of  company  \.  eighty-seventh  rennsylvania 
volunteers;  and  was  promoted  major  and 
lienfenanl-colomd.  He  was  deputy  collector 
of  internal  revenue  at  York  for  more  than 
fifte.'u  years.  In  1895-97  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  fifty-fourth  congress  as  a  re- 
publican. 


Stahlman,  Edward  Bushrod,  journalist, 
financier,  was  born  Sept.  2.  1843,  in  Ger- 
many. In  1882-84  he  was  vice-president  of 
the  Louisville  Nashville  railroad  :  and  vice- 
president  of  the  Louisville.  Albany  and  Chi- 
cago railroad.  Since  1885  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Nashville  Banner. 

Stahlnecker,  William  G.,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  20,  1849,  in  Au- 
burn. N.\'.  In  1884-86  he  was  mayor  of 
Yonkers,  N.Y.  In  1885-93  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  forty- 
ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-first  and  fifty-second 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died  March 
2t),    in02,   in  Y'onkers.  N.Y. 

Stahlschmidt,  Arthur  Edward,  lecturer, 
musician,  composer,  was  born  Dec.  5,  1863, 
in  London,  England.  In  1897  he  became 
identified  with  the  Kipling  movement;  and 
gave  lectures  and  recitals  of  his  work.  He 
is  also  prominent  as  a  teacher  of  the  voice. 
His  musical  compositions  include  the  songs 
[f  I  Were  Loved;  and  Herod's  Lament  for 
Marianne. 

Stahr,  John  Sumpners,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Dec.  2,  1841,  in 
Bucks  county.  Pa.  He  was  professor  of 
German  and  "history  in  1867-72  in  Franklin 
and  :Marshall  college  of  Lancaster.  Pa.; 
professor  of  natural  science  in  1872-89; 
and  since  that  time  has  been  its  presi- 
dent. 

Staigg,  Richard  Morrell,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Sept.  7,  1S17,  in  England.  Sonu- 
of  his  miniatures  were  exhibited  at  the 
lloval  academy.  The  last  twenty  years  of 
his  life  were  "devoted  to  painting  life-size 
portraits  in  oil.  as  well  as  genre  pieces  and 
landscapes.  He  died  Oct.  11,  1881,  in  New- 
port, R.I. 

Staley,  Cady,  civil  engineer,  college  presi- 
dent, author,  was  born  Dec.  12,  1840.  in 
Minaville.  N.Y.  In  1886-1902  he  was  pres- 
ident of  the  Case  school  of  ai>plied  science 
at  Cleveland.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Separate   System   of   Sewerage. 

Stall,  Sylvanus,  publisher,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  18,  1847.  in  Elizaville, 
N.Y.     In  1872  he  graduated  from  the  Penn- 

sjdvania  college  at 
(Gettysburg;  and  stud- 
ied in  the  Ihiion  theo- 
logical     seminarv      of 

New    York.      In  "lS90- 

^^i^^H  1901    he    was    editor  of 

the  Lutheran  Observ- 
er of  Phila(lel])hia, 
I'a.  He  is  the  autlKU" 
of  Pastor's  Pocket 
Record;  ^linisler's 

Handbook  to  Luth- 
eran Hymns  in  the 
r.n.ik  of  Worship; 
I  low  to  Pay  Church  Debts  and  How  to  Ke<-p 
Churches  (Mit  of  l)ei)t;  Methods  of  Church 
Work;  Parental  Honesty;  and  other  works 
on    religious  subjects. 


310 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Staley,  Erastus  H.,  journalist,  college 
president,  legislator,  was  born  Feb.  6,  1830, 
in  Tippecanoe  county,  Ind.  He  attended 
the  DeFauw  university,  from  which  institu- 
tion he  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  He 
was  president  of  the  Battle  ground  col- 
legiate institute;  and  in  1862  was  made 
president  of  the  male  and  female  college  at 
Valparaiso,  Ind.,  where  he  remained  nearly 
three  years ;  has  been  a  member  of  the  In- 
diana state  legislature;  was  superintendent 
of  Frankfort  public  schools;  and  in  1872 
he  assumed  the  editorial  control  and  man- 
agement of  the  Frankfort  Crescent  of 
Frankfort.    Ind. 

Stallings,  Jesse  F.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  April  4,  1856, 
in  ^lannington,  Ala.     In   1877  he  graduated 

from  the  university  of 
Alabama  and  studied 
law  at  the  same  in- 
stitution. Since  187!) 
he  has  practiced  law 
in  Greenville,  Ala, 
He  was  elected  so- 
licitor for  the  second 
judicial  circuit  in 
1886  for  a  term  of  six 
years ;  and  was  a 
delegate  to  the  na- 
tional democratic  con- 
vention in  1888.  In 
I8!i:;  I'.tOl  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ahibamn  to  the  fifty-third,  llfty-fourth.  fif- 
ty-tiftli    and    lifty-sixth    congresses. 

Stallo,  John  Bernhard,  lawyer,  diplo- 
ma*., author,  was  born  Marcli  16,  1823,  in 
(iermany.  He  was  a  Cincinnati  lawyer; 
and  \\as  minister  to  Italy  in  1885.  He 
was  the  autlmr  of  Concejits  and  Theories 
of  ^lodern  I'liysics;  and  (Jeneral  Principles 
of  the  Philosophy  of  Nature.  He  died  in 
1900    ill    Cineiiinati,    Oliin. 

Stallworth,  James  A.,  lawj^er,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  April  7. 
1822,  in  Conecuh  county,  Ala.  .He  served 
ill  the  Alabama  legislature  in  1845-48;  and 
was  twici'  elected  solicitor  for  his  district. 
In  1857-61  he  was  a  rejiresentative  from 
Alabama  to  the  thirty-fifth  and  thirty- 
sixth  congresses,  but  willulrij.w  to  take  part 
in  the  civil  war.  He  died  in  1862  in  Ever- 
green, Ala. 

Stanard,  Edwin  Obed,  manufacturer,  lieu- 
tenant-governor, congressman,  was  born 
dan.  5.  1832,  in  Newport,  N.H.  He  was 
elected  lieutenant-governor  of  ^Missouri  in 
18()8.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  representative 
from  ^Missouri  to  the  forty-third  congress. 
He  is  prominent  in  the  aflairs  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  and  is  president  of  a  large  flour  mill 
in   that  city. 

Stanard,  William  Glover,  editor,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  2.  1858,  in  Richmond,  Va. 
Since  1898  be  has  been  editor  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Magazine  of  Historv  and  Biography, 
lie  is 
ister. 


the  author  of  Colonial  Virginia  Reg- 


Stanberry,  William,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Essex  county,  N.J.  In  1827-33  he 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  twen- 
tieth, twenty-first  and  twenty-second  con- 
gresses. He  died  Jan.  27,  1872,  in  Newark, 
Ohio. 

Stanbery,  Henry,  lawyer,  cabinet  officer, 
was  l)orn  Feb.  20,  1803,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  elected  first  attorney-general  of 
Ohio  ill  1846;  and  in  1866-68  he  was  attor- 
ney-general of  the  United  States.  He  was 
one  of  Prescient  Johnsoifs  counsel  during 
iiis  impeachment  trial.  He  died  June  26, 
1881,  in  New  York  City. 

Standifer,  James,  congressman.  In  1823- 
25  and  1820-36  he  was  a  representative  from 
Tennessee  to  the  eighteenth,  twenty-first, 
twenty-second,  twenty-third  and  twenty- 
fourth  congresses.  He  died  Aug.  24,  1836, 
in    Kingston.  Tenn. 

Standiford,  Elisha  D.,  banker,  railroad 
president,  congressman,  was  born  !Oec.  28, 
1831,  in  Jefferson  county,  Ky.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  banking  and  manufacturing.  In 
1868-71  he  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
state  senate.  In  1873-75  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Kentucky  to  the  forty-third 
congress  as  a  democrat.  He  was  president 
of  the  Louisville,  Nashville  and  Grand 
Southern  railway.  He  died  July  26,  1887, 
in  Louisville.  Ky. 

Standish,  John  Van  Ness,  educator,  col- 
lege presideiii,  was  born  Feb.  26,  1825,  in 
Woodstock,  Vt.  For  forty  years  he  was  the 
bonored  president  of  the  Lombard  university 
of  Galesbur.ii,  111. ;  and  for  many  years  filled 
the  chair  of  mathematics  and  astronomy  in 
that  institution.  He  has  been  president  of 
the  state  teachers'  association  ;  has  received 
the  degrees  of  I'h,I).  and  LL.D. :  and  is  now 
engaged  in  horticulture  and  literary  work  in 
Galesburg.  111. 

Standish,  Myles,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1584,  in  England.  In  1620  be  sailed  in  the 
Mayfiower  to  I'lymouth,  Mass.  In  1621  he 
was  appointed  captain  and  explored  Massa- 
chusetts bay  ;  and  named  Trevore  island.  Ho 
particii)ated  in  the  first  Indian  battle.  In 
1625  he  was  sent  to  England  to  seek  relief 
for  the  settlers.  For  many  years  he  was 
treasurer  of  the  colony.  He  died  Oct.  3, 
1656.  in  Dnxbury,  Mass. :  and  a  large  gran- 
ite monument  was  erected  in  his  memory  at 
that  place. 

Standridge,  Howell  Cobb,  educator,  cler- 
gvinaii.  founder,  was  born  Nov.  2.  1851,  in 
White  county.  Ga.  In  1873  lie  was  admitt;Ml 
to  the  bar,  but  did  not  follow  that  profession 
very  long.  He  has  been  jirincipally  engaged 
as  an  educator  in  the  first  free  schools  of 
(Jeorgia.  and  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Young  Harris  college  and  the  Miawassee 
high  school,  of  which  latter  institution  he 
was  offered  the  presidency.  He  is  a  success- 
ful cleigyinaii  of  Iliawassee.  Ga. 

Standlee,  E.  Lee,  ]ihysician.  surgeon,  was 
born  Nov.  9,  1864.  in  Amity.  Ark.    ITo  grad- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


311 


uatcd  from  the  Americ-an  medical  coUose  of 

St.  Louis,  ]Mo.,  and 
.since  1886  has  prac- 
ticed medicine  and  sur- 
uery  in  that  city.  He 
lias  since  graduation 
tilled  the  chair  as  pro- 
fcs.sor  of  general  path- 
(ilojiical  and  suvuical 
anatomy  in  the  Amer- 
ican medical  colleso. 
He  has  been  president 
of  the  St.  Louis  Ec- 
lectic medical  society  ; 
president  of  the  Mis- 
souri Eclectic  medical  society;  vice-president, 
ex-president  and  ex-secretary  of  the  state 
hoard  of  health  of  Missouri,  and  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  leading  medical  societies.  In  1899- 
1900  he  n-as  corresponding  secretary  of  the 
National  Eclectic  medical  association ;  and 
was  its  |ircf*ident  in  1901.  He  is  also  consult- 
ing physician  and  surgeon  to  the  St.  Louis 
city  hospital  and  the  metropolitan  hospital 
of  St.  Louis. 

Stanford,  Mrs.  Jane  Lathrop,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  Aug.  25,  1825,  in  Al- 
bany. N.Y.  She  married  Leland  Stanford. 
Her  social  life  began  when  ^Ir.  Stanford  was 
elected  governor  of  California  in  1861.  With 
her  husband  she  established  the  Leland  Stan- 
ford. Junior,  university  in  1891;  built  the 
Children's  hospital  of  Albany,  N.Y. ;  and 
gave  one  hundred  and  sixty  thousand  dollars 
to  the  kindergarten  schools  of  San  Francis- 
co. Cal.  She  died  Feb.  28.  1905.  in  Hono- 
lulu.  H.I. 

Stanford,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  20,  1754,  in  England.  lie  originat- 
ed the  New  York  house  of  refuge,  the  first 
juvenile  reformatory  in  America  whicii  sep- 
arated children  from  hardened  criminals  in 
the  penitentiary.  He  was  one  of  the  chief 
promoters  of  the  New  York  asylum  for  the 
deaf  and  dumb.  The  first  library  of  Bellevue 
hospital  was  suggested  by  him.  and  was 
named  in  his  honor  the  Stanford  library  as- 
sociation of  Bellevue  lios))ital.  He  was  th(> 
author  of  Tiie  ('hristian's  I'ocket  Library; 
The  Domestic  Ciiaplain  ;  The  Aged  Chris- 
tian's Cabinet.  IIi'  died  ,Ian.  14.  1834.  in 
New  York  City. 

Stanford,  Richard,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1769  in  North  Carolina.  In  1797-1816  he 
was  a  representative  from  North  Carolina  to 
the  fifth,  sixth,  seventh,  eighth,  ninth,  tenth, 
eleventh,  twelfth,  tiiirteentii  and  fourteentli 
congresses.  He  died  .\prii  9.  1816.  in  (Jeorge- 
town.  T).C. 

Stanford,  Wesley  M.,  clergyman,  editor, 
bishop,  was  boi'u  .Marcii  ]5.  1846.  in  Rock- 
land, I'a.  In  1871  lie  graduated  from  llie 
Mount  TTnion  college  of  Alliance,  Ohio;  ami 
has  received  the  degrees  of  A.M.  and  D.D. 
In  1872  he  became  a  clergyman  of  the  evan- 
gelical church.  In  1882-88  he  was  associate 
editor  of  the  Evangelical  Messenger;  and  in 
1889  became  editor  of  the  Evangelical  of  < 
Harrisburg,  Pa.    For  six  years  he  was  secre- 


tary of  the  Pittsburgh  annual  conference ; 
delegate  for  sixteen  years  to  annual  session 
board  of  missions;  a  delegate  to  all  the  gen- 
eral conferences  in  1883-98  ;  and  in  1889-91 
was  bishop  of  his  church  for  the  limit  of 
church  law.  Since  1902  he  has  again  been 
editor  of  the  Evangelical,  the  official  organ 
of  the  church.  For  nearly  a  (]uarter  of  a  cen- 
tury he  has  been  a  constant  contributoi'  to 
the   jieriodical   press. 

Stanford,  Leland,  merchant,  governor, 
railroad  president,  I'nited  States  senator, 
was  born  :\Iarch  9,  1824.  in  \Vatervliet.  N.Y. 

In    1856    he    moved    to 
^"""  '"'^-,-"7  '     San    Francisco    to    en- 

gfige  in  mercantile 
pursuits  on  a  large 
.scale.  He  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  republican 
national  convention  in 
1860;  and  in  1862-63 
was  the  eighth  govern- 
or of  California.  As 
president  of  the  Cen- 
tral Pacific  railroad 
company  he  sniieriu- 
tended  its  construction 
over  tlie  mountains.  He  became  interested  in 
other  railroads  on  the  Pacific  slope,  in  agri- 
culture, and  in  manufactures.  In  1885-93  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  California  ; 
and  received  the  re-election.  He  died  June 
21.  1893.  in  Palo  Alto.  Cal. 

Stang,  William,  clergyman,  bishop,  au- 
thor. Since  1904  he  has  been  Kouian  cath- 
olic bishop  of  Fall  River.  Mass.  He  is  the 
author  of  Socialism  and  Christianity.  He 
died  Feb.  2.  1907.  in  Fall  River.  Mass. 

Stangeland,  Charles  Emil,  political  econ- 
omist, autlior,  was  born  May  1,  1881,  in 
Sheldahl.  Iowa.  In  1909  he  became  an  ex- 
pert special  agent  for  the  United  States  bu- 
reau of  the  census.  He  is  the  author  of  Pre- 
Malthusiau  Doctrines  of  Population. 

Stanislaus,  I.  V.  Stanley,  chemist,  was 
born  in  1870  in  South  Rend.  Ind.  Since  1906 
he  has  been  dean  of  the  medico-chirurgical 
college  of  pharmacy  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Systematic  Qualitative  An- 
alyses. Inorganic  and  Organic  ;  and  Textbook 
On   Pharinacy. 

Stanley,  Albert  Augustus,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  May  25.  1851.  in  Mauville. 
R.l.     lie   was   tli(>  organist   of  (Jrace  church 

of  Providence  in  1876- 
88 ;  and  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  music  at  the 
university  of  Michigan 
since  1888.  He  was 
inesident  of  the  music 
teachers'  n.'itioiial  as- 
sociation in  1883-95; 
and  was  examiner  for 
the  American  college 
of  musicians  in  1893. 
lie  is  the  author  of 
The  City  of  Freedom; 
Commemoration  Ode ; 
Chorus    Triuiiiplialis ;     and    orcliestral    sym- 


312 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


phony.  The  Awakenmg  of  the  Soul ;  syni- 
phony  poem  Attis ;  and  part-songs,  songs,  and 
other  compositions. 

Stanley,  Anthony  Dumond,  mathemati- 
cian, author,  was  born  April  2,  1810,  in  East 
Hartford,  Conn.  He  was  professor  of  mathe- 
matics at  Yale  university  in  1836-53.  He 
was  the  author  of  Elementary  Treatise  of 
Spherical  Geometry  and  Trigonometry  ;  and 
Tables  of  Ijogarithras.  He  died  March  16, 
1853.  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Stanley,  Augustus  Owsley,  educator,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  May  21,  1867,  in 
"Shelbyville,  Ky.  In  1889-94  was  professor  of 
belles  lettres  in  Christian  college ;  and  was 
principal  of  Marion  academy.  Since  1894  lie 
has  practiced  law  in  Henderson,  Ky. ;  and  in 
1900  was  a  jiresidential  elector.  In  1903-15 
he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to 
the  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixiy- 
first,  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses 
as  a  democrat. 

Stanley,  Mrs.  Caroline  Abbot,  educator, 
writer,  author,  was  born  Aug.  16,  1849,  in 
Callaway  county.  Mo.  In  1882-96  she  was 
principal  of  the  Kalamazoo  training  school; 
and  since  then  has  been  engaged  in  literary 
work.  She  is  the  author  of  Authors'  Birth- 
days ;  Order  Number  Eleven  ;  and  A  Modern 
Madonna. 

Stanley,  David  Sloan,  soldier,  was  born 
June  1,  1828,  in  Cedar  Valley,  Ohio.  In  1855- 
61  he  took  part  in  the  Indian  wars;  and  in 
1861  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  subsequently  won  the  title  of 
brevet  major-general  at  the  battle  of  Frank- 
lin, where  he  defeated  Hood.  He  was  retired 
as  major-general;  and  was  the  commander 
of  the  Soldiers'  home  in  Washington,  D.C. 
He   died    March    13,    1902,    in    Washington, 

D.C. 

Stanley,  Edmund,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  April  7,  1847,  in  Hendricks 
county,  Ind.  In  1895-97  he  was  state  super- 
intendent of  public  instruction.  Since  1898 
he  has  been  president  of  Friends  university 
of  Wichita.  Kan.  He  is  the  author  of  Apple 
Blossoms. 

Stanley,  Edward,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  about  1811  in  New  Berne,  N.C. 
He  served  three  years  in  the  house  of  com- 
mons of  North  Carolina,  and  was  speaker  of 
that  body.  In  1837-43  and  1849-53  he  was  a 
representative  from  North  Carolina  to  the 
twenty-fiftli.  twenty-sixth,  twenty-seventh, 
thirty-first  and  thirty-second  congresses,  lie 
moved  to  California,  where  he  devoted  him- 
self to  the  practice  of  law ;  and  was  recalled 
rrom  there  bv  President  Lincoln  in  1862  to 
assume  the  duties  of  military  governor  of 
North  Carolina.  Ho  died  July  12,  1872.  n\ 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Stanley,  Henry  Morton,  explorer,  author, 
was  born  iu  1841,  near  Denbigh,  Wales.  He 
was  a  celebrated  African  explorer.  In  18d5 
he  was  adopted  by  a  New  Orleans  merchant, 
whose  name  he  took.  He  was  sent  by  the 
New  York  Herald  in  search  of  Livnigstone 
in   1871;   and   was  again  sent   to   Africa   by 


the  Herald  in  1874.  In  1879  he  accompanied 
an  African  expedition  sent  l)y  the  king  of  the 
Belgians,  which  resulted  in  the  establishment 
of  the  Congo  Free  State.  He  was  the  author 
of  How  I  Found  Livingstone ;  My  Kalulu, 
Prince,  King  and  Slave,  a  study  of  Central 
Africa;  Coomassie  and  Magdala ;  Through 
the  Dark  Continent ;  The  Congo  and  the 
Founding  of  Its  Free  State ;  In  Darkest  Af- 
rica ;  My  Dark  Companions ;  My  Early  Trav- 
els in  America  and  Asia ;  and  Slavery  and 
the  Slave  Trade  in  India.  He  died  May  10, 
1904,  in  England. 

Stanley,  Hiram  Alonzo,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  12.  1859,  in  Vestal,  N.Y.  In 
1889-96  he  was  chief  owner  and  manager  of 
the  Binghamton  Herald.  He  is  the  author 
of  Rex  Wayland's  Fortune  ;  The  Backwoods- 
man ;  and  The  Smugglers  of  Twin-Rock  Cove. 
Stanley,  John,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  North  Carolina.  He  was  a 
distinguished  member  of  the  legislature  of 
North  Carolina;  and  in  1801-03  and  1809-11 
he  was  a  representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  the  seventh  and  eleventh  congresses. 
He  died  Aug.  3,  1834,  in  New  Berne,  N.C. 

Stanley,  Timothy  Robbins,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Connecticut.  In  1861  he  was  a  col- 
x)nel  in  the  eighteenth  regiment  Ohio  infan- 
try ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.   He  died  July  8,  1874. 

Stanley,  W.  E.,  lawyer,  governor,  was 
born  in  1848  in  Oliio.  In  1870  he  moved  to 
Kansas ;    and    iu    1872    settled    in    Wichita, 

where  he  has  attained 
eminence  at  the  bar. 
In  1871-72  he  was 
county  attorney  of 
Jefferson  county  ;  and 
in  1874-80  was  county 
attorney  of  Sedgwick 
county.  Kan.  He  de- 
clined an  appointment 
to  the  supreme  bench  ; 
and  in  1899-1903  was 
the  fourteenth  govern- 
or of  Kansas.  He  is 
prominently  identified 
with  the  business  and  public  offices  of  Wich- 
ita, Kans. 

Stanley,  William,  electrical  engmcer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Nov.  22,  1858,  in  Brooklyn, 
N  Y.  He  has  invented  the  alternating  cur- 
r.Mit  system  of  long  distance  light  and  power 
transmission. 

Stanly,  Edward,  lawyer,  Avas  born  about 
1811,  in  New  Berne,  N.C.  He  was  elected  to 
congress  from  North  Carolina  as  a  Whig  in 
1836,  and  re-elected  for  the  two  succeeding 
term's  He  represented  Beaufort  in  the  state 
house  of  commons  in  1844-49,  serving  during 
liis  last  term  as  speaker.  In  1847  he  was 
(.lected  attorney-general  of  the  state.  He  was 
re-elected  to  congress  in  1848  and  returned 
for  tlie  succeeding  term.  He  died  July  12, 
1872.  in  Snu  Francisco,  Cal. 

Stanly,  Fabius,  naval  ollicer,  was  born 
Dec  15,  1815,  in  New  Berne,  N.C.    He  served 


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313 


in  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  He  died  Sept.  5, 
1882.  in  Washington.  D.C. 

Stanly,  John  Wright,  merchant,  patriot, 
was  born  aboul  1742.  He  loaned  as  much  as 
eighty  thousand  dollars  to  General  Greene 
for  n.se  in  the  revolutionary  war,  which  was 
never  repaid.  He  obtained  the  money  to  build 
fourteen  vessels  which  were  lost  in  the  war. 
He  died  June  1.  1789.  in  New  Berne,  N.C. 

Stannard,  George  Jerrison,  soldier,  was 
born  Oct.  20.  1820.  in  Georgia,  Vt.  He 
served  through  the  civil  war;  and  was  brev- 
etted  major-general  in  1864.  In  1866-72  he 
was  collector  of  customs  for  the  district  of 
Vermont.  He  died  May  31.  1886.  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C. 

Stansbury,  Arthur  J.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1781  in  New  Yorlc  City.  Besides 
<-ontributing  to  periodicals,  he  published  sev- 
eral sermons  and  addresses;  and  was  the  au- 
thor of  Elementary  Catechism  on  the  Con- 
stitution of  the  Unired  States;  and  a  lie- 
port  of  the  Trial  of  Judge  James  II.  Peck, 
or  an  Impeachment  by  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  United  States.  He  died 
about  1848. 

Stansbury,  Charles  Frederick,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  3,  1854,  in  London, 
England.  He  went  to  California  at  the  age 
of  twenty;  thence  to  Hawaii,  Samoa  and 
.\ustralia  ;  and  made  a  second  voyage  to 
.\ustralia  in  1879.  remaining  there  until  1887. 
He  is  the  author  of  Klondike,  the  Laud  of 
Gold. 

Stansbury,  Howard,  explorer,  civil  engi- 
M'-cr.  autiior.  was  ixjrn  Ft-b.  8.  1806.  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  a  topographical  enginv-er 
in  the  United  States  army.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  An  Ex|)edition  to  Great  Salt  Lake. 
He  di.'d  April  17.  1863.  in  Madison.  Wis. 

Stansbury,  Philip,  traveler,  author,  was 
born  about  1802.  He  was  the  author  of  A 
Pedestrian  Tour  of  Two  Thousand  Three 
Hundred  Miles  in  North  America,  to  the 
Lakes,  the  Canadas,  and  the  New  England 
States,  Performed  in  the  Autumn  of  1821. 
He  died  about  1870. 

Stansel,  Martin  L.,  soldier,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, jurist.  w;is  liorn  .\i)ril  23.  1824.  in  Sa- 
vannah. Ga.  Li  1844  he  graduated  from  the 
university  of  .\labama;  was  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court,  and  during  1861-65  he  served  as 
colonel  of  the  forty-first  regiment  confed;'r- 
ate  stales  volunteers.  In  1865  he  served  as 
a  member  of  the  Alabama  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  and  for  many  years  serv- 
ed with  distinction  as  representative  and  state 
senator  of  tin'  .Mai)ama  slate  li'u:islatnre.  He 
was  one  of  the  fort-most  lawyers  of  the  soutli 
at  Carrollton,  .Ma.    He  died  in  Carrollton. 

Stanton,  Benjamin,  lawy<T,  state  sena- 
tor, lii'iiiciiinil-govcriior.  congressman,  was 
born  June  4,  1809.  in  Mount  I'leasant,  Ohio. 
He  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  state  seimte  in 
1841;  resigned  in  1842,  itut  was  re-elected  the 
same  year.  In  1851-53  and  1855-61  h<-  was 
a  representative  to  the  thirty-second,   thirty- 


fourth,  thirty-fifth  and  thirty-sixth  congress- 
es. In  1862  he  was  lieutenant-governor  of 
Ohio.     He  died  in  Ohio. 

Stanton,  David  Leroy,  soldier,  Avas  born 
in  .Maryland,  llr  served  throughout  the  civil 
war ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  in  1865. 

Stanton,  Edwin  McMasters,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, stale  senator,  eabiuet  oflii-er.  was  born 
Dec.  19,  1814,  in  Steubenville,  Ohio.    In  1842 

he  was  elected  report- 
er of  the  decisions  of 
the  supreme  court  of 
Ohio;  and  in  1848 
formed  a  law  partner- 
ship at  Pittsburgh.  He 
soon  afterwards  began 
to  be  much  employed 
in  the  supreme  court 
of  the  United  States, 
which  compelled  him 
to  remove  to  Wash- 
ington in  1857.  In 
1858  he  was  sent,  by 
the  government,  to  California  to  defend  its 
interests  in  certain  important  land  cases  in 
that  state;  and  in  1860-61  he  was  attorney- 
general.  In  1862-67  he  was  secretary  of  war. 
In  1869  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  United  States.  He  died 
Dec.  24.  1869.  in  Wasiiington.  D.C. 

Stanton,  Elizabeth  Cady,  sullragist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  12.  1815,  in  Johnstown, 
\.Y.  In  1848.  chiefly  through  her  efforts, 
the  hrst  woman's  rights  convention  was 
formed  and  held  in  Seneca  Falls,  N.Y.  For 
iil)wards  of  fifty  years  she  labored  assidu- 
ously asking  for  a  sixteenth  amendment  se- 
curing to  woman  the  right  of  suffrage.  She 
was  the  author  of  a  History  of  the  Woman 
SufTra.gc  Movement.  She  died  Oct.  26,  1902, 
in  New  York  City. 

Stanton,  Frank  Lebby,  journalist,  pov-t. 
was  born  in  1857.  in  Charleston.  S.C.  He  is 
a  journalist  and  i)oet  of  Atlanta,  Ga.  He  is 
the  author  of  Songs  of  the  Soil;  Comes  One 
Willi  a  Song;  Songs  From  Dixie  Land;  and 
Little  Folks  Down  South. 

Stanton,  l'red3rick  Perry,  business  man, 
hiwyer.  ( ongressman.  governor,  was  born 
Dec.  22.  1814.  in  Alexandria.  Va.  in  1845-55 
he  was  a  representative  from  Tennessee  to 
the  Iwenty-i'inth.  thirtieth,  thirty-first,  thir- 
ty-second iind  thirty-third  congresses;  and  in 
1858-60  was  i^overnor  of  the  territory  of 
Kansas.  He  died  June  4,  1894,  near  Ocala, 
Fla. 

Stanton,  Henry,  soldier,  was  born  about 
179(;  ill  \'eniioiii.  He  was  brevetted  iiriga- 
dier-general  for  meritorious  conduct  in  the 
Mexican  war  in  1847.  He  did  Aug.  1.  1856. 
in  Hamilton.  N.Y. 

Stanton,  Henry  Brewster,  journalist,  re- 
former, aiilhur.  was  born  June  29.  1805.  in 
Griswohl.  Conn.  He  was  a  journalist  and  re- 
former of  New  York  City.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Sketches  of  Reforms  and  Reformers 


314 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


in  Great  Britain  and  Ireland ;  and  Random 
Recollections.  He  died  Jan.  14.  1887.  in  New- 
York  City. 

Stanton,  Henry  Thompson,  soldier,  law- 
yer, journalist,  poet,  was  bora  June  30,  1834, 
in  Alexandria,  Va.  He  was  educated  in  sev- 
eral colleges  in  Kentucky;  and  attended 
the  United  States  military  academy,  btit 
did  not  graduate.  He  served  as  captain 
and  major  in  the  confederate  states  army 
throughout  the  civil  war;  and  for  several 
years  was  connected  with  the  United  States 
Indian  commissioners  in  selecting  land  for 
Indian  reservations.  He  invented  an  iron  lie 
for  binding  cotton  bales.  In  1875-86  he  edit- 
ed the  Kentucky  Yeoman ;  he  wrote  much 
humorous  verse;  and  was  the  author  of  'lie 
Moneyless  Man  ;  and  Other  Poems ;  and  Ja- 
cob Brown,  and  Other  Poems.  He  died  May 
8.  1898.   in  Frankfort,  Ky. 

Stanton,  Joseph,  congressman,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  July  19,  1739,  in 
Charleston.  R.I.  In  1789-93  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Rhode  Island ;  and  in 
1801-07  he  was  a  representative  in  con.uress 
to  the  seventh,  eighth  and  ninth  congresses. 
He  died  about  1807  in  Charleston,  R.I. 

Stanton,  Oscar  Fitzalan,  naval  officer, 
was  born  July  18,  1834.  in  Sag  Ilarlmr.  X.Y. 
He  entered  the  navy  as  acting  midshii)man 
in  1849  ;  and  was  graduated  from  the  United 
States  naval  academy  at  Annapolis  in  1855  ; 
promoted  to  master  in  1855 ;  commissioned 
lieutenant  in  1856 ;  and  became  a  commo- 
dore. He  retired  from  the  army  in  1894  with 
the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 

Stanton,  Richard  Henry,  journalist,  law- 
yer, jurist,  congressman,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  9.  1812,  in  Alexandria,  Va.  In  1849-55 
he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  In 
the  thirty-first,  thirty-second  and  thirty-third 
congresses.  He  was  presidential  elector  on 
the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856  ;  state  attorney 
for  his  judicial  district  in  1858 ;  a  delegate 
to  the  national  democratic  convention  in 
1868  ;  and  district  judge  in  1868-74.  He  edit- 
ed the  Maysville  Monitor  and  the  Maysville 
Exi)ress.  He  was  the  author  of  Code  of 
Practice  in  Civil  and  Criminal  Cases  in  Ken- 
tucky ;  I'ractical  Treatises  for  Justices  of 
the  Peace,  etc..  of  Kentucky ;  and  a  Prac- 
tical Manual  for  Executors  in  Kentucky. 
He  died  about  1899  in  Marysville.  Ky. 

Stanton,  Robert  Brewster,  civil  engineer, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  Aug.  5,  1846,  in 
Woodville,  Miss.  He  made  a  railway  survey 
as  chief  engineer  through  the  grand  canon  of 
the  Colorado.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Can- 
ons of  the  Colorado;  River  of  the 
West  for  Railway  Purposes ;  and  The  Great 
Land  Slides  on  the  Canadian  Pacific  Rail- 
way in  Britisli  Columbia. 

Stanton,  Robert  Livingstone,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  March  28,  1810,  in  Gris- 
wold.  Conn.  He  is  the  author  of  Tlie  Church 
and  tlie  Rebellion. 

Stanton,  Stiles  Trumbull,  journalist,  state 
senator,  was  born  I>ec.  10,  1849,  in  Stoning- 


ton.  Conn.  He  was  executive  secretary  of 
state  in  Connecticut  in  1879-80;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1881-82 :  and  .served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1884-86.  being  president  pro  tempore  in 
1885-86.  Early  in  life  he  devoted  himself  to 
journalism  :  and  became  connected  with  the 
Norwich.  Bulletin  and  the  NVorcester  Press, 
achieving  a  reputation  as  a  humorist.  He 
died  Feb.  2,  1888.  in  New  York  Cily. 

Stanton,  Thaddeus  H.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1835  in  Indiana.  He  served  as  a  private 
in  the  civil  war;  and  became  a  paymaster, 
brigadier-general  and  paymaster-general  in 
the  United  States  army.  He  died  Jan.  23. 
1900.  in  Omaha,  Nel). 

Stanton,  Theodore,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  10,  1851,  in  Seneca  Falls,  N. 
Y.  He  is  a  journalist  living  in  Paris.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  ^Yoman  (^)uestion  in  Eu- 
rojie  ;  and  other  works. 

Stanton,  William,  soldier,  was  bor.n  Oct. 
13,  1843  in  New  York  City.  He  served  as  a 
private  soldier  in  the  civil  war ;  and  in  1866 
was  appointed  from  Michigan  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  second  United  States  artillery. 
In  1906  he  was  retired  with  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general. 

Stanton,  William  A.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  March  5,  1854,  in  Lawrenceville, 
I'a.  He  has  filled  pastorates  in  various 
chtirches  of  the  bajitist  denomination.  He  is 
the  author  of  the  Stanton  Genealogy  ;  and  A 
History  of  the  First  Baptist  Church  of 
Rockford.   111. 

Stanton,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  in  July, 
1842,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  managing 
editor  of  Scranton  Times ;  and  became  dis- 
trict attorney,  state  senator,  labor  advocate, 
law  judge,  and  in  1875-77  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty- 
fourth  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  was 
also  successful  as  a  novel,  song,  dramatic 
writer,  and  inventor.  He  died  about  1910 
in   Scranton   City,  Pa. 

Stanwood,  Edward,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  16.  1841,  in  Augusta,  Maine. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  managing  editor  of 
The  Youth's  Companion.  He  is  the  author 
of  A.  History  of  I'residential  Elections;  His- 
tory of  Cotton  Manufacture  in  New  Eng- 
land ;  History  of  the  Presidency  :  and  .James 
Gillespie    Blaine. 

Staples,  Arthur,  educator,  clergyinan.  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Jan.  24.  1869,  in 
Moscow.  Pa.  For  some  time  he  was  superin- 
tendent of  the  I'ittsbnrgh  city  missions;  and 
since  1898  has  been  president  of  Beaver  col- 
lege  of    IViHisylvania. 

Staples,  Ernest  Linwood,  lawyer,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Sept.  10.  1856.  in 
Monroe,  Conn.  He  has  practiced  his  profes- 
sion in  Shelton  since  1886.  In  1896  he  was 
admitted  to  the  unitarian  ministry  at  Bos- 
ton. Ma.ss.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Man  of 
Destiny,  an  epic  having  Abraham  Lincoln 
for  its  subject;  and  a  volume  of  jmems  enti- 
tled Our  Ulysses,  and  Other  Poems. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


315 


Staples,  Henry  Loring,  pliysician,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  21.  1859,  in  Maine.  He  is 
professor  of  clinical  nieditine  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Minnesota.  He  is  the  autlior  of  The 
Minerals  of  Parson.sfield. 

Staples,  John  Jacob,  manufacturer,  was 
born  in  I'russia.  He  was  one  of  tlie  tir.st 
to  introduce  sujiar-reHninu:  into  America.  His 
first  refinery  was  in  Iteclor  stieet,  and  the 
second  and  larger  one  in  Liberty  street.  This 
was  the  famous  suuer-honse  in  which  the 
British  confined  American  prisoners  during 
the  revolution.  He  died  in  1806  in  Long  Is- 
land. N.Y. 

Staples,  Waller  Redd,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  jurist,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1826.  in 
Patrick  courthouse,  Vt.  He  served  in  the 
Virginia  legislature  in  1853-54 ;  was  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1855 
and  1860  ;  and  one  of  four  commissioners  to 
the  provisional  congress  that  met  in  ^lont- 
gomery  in  1861.  He  served  in  the  confed- 
erate congress  for  the  subsequent  three 
years;  and  took  an  active  part  In  its  delib- 
erations. In  1870-82  he  was  a  judge  in  the 
supreme  court  of  Virginia.  He  was  one  of 
the  three  revisers  of  the  code  of  laws  for 
the  state  in  1884-86.  He  died  Aug.  20.  1897. 
in  Richnmnd.  Vn. 

Staples,  William  Read,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  10.  1798.  in  Providence, 
R.I.  He  was  associate  justice  of  the  suprenu^ 
court  of  Rhode  Island  in  1835-54:  and  was 
chief  justice  in  1854-56.  He  edited  the  sec- 
ond volume  of  the  Rhode  Island  Historical 
society's  collections ;  and  Samuel  Gorton's 
Simplicities'  Defence  Against  Seven-Headed 
Policy;  and  issued  Documentary  History  of 
the  Destruction  of  the  (iaspe ;  Proceedings 
of  the  First  CJeneral  Assembly  for  the  Imor- 
poration  of  Providenci-  Plantations  in  1647  ; 
and  Rhode  Island  Form-Kook.  He  died  Oct. 
19.   1868.   in  Providence,  R.I. 

Stapleton,  Ammon,  soldier,  .clergyman, 
scie;itisl.  a;ilhoi'.  was  born  Jan.  15.  1850. 
near  Reading,  Pa.  He  entered  the  union 
army  when  only  fourteen  years  of  age ;  and 
served  under  (Jeneral  Sheridan.  He  made 
original  researches  in  and  wrote  and  lectured 
on  i>aliPontoh)gy  and  archa'ology.  He  is  the 
author  of  Natural  History  of  The  Bible; 
Compend  of  Church  History;  Memorials  of 
the  IIu'.;uenois  in  .\merica  :  ami  other  works. 

Stapleton,  Mrs.  Patience  Tucker,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  in  1861  in  Maine. 
She  was  a  novelist  and  journalist  of  Colo- 
rado. She  was  the  author  of  My  Jean; 
Kady  ;  My  Sister's  Husband;  Babe  .Murphy; 
and  Rose  Geranium.  She  died  in  1893  in 
Colorado. 

Starbird,  Issac  Warren,  soldier,  was  born 
in  .Maine.  In  1862  he  was  a  captain  in  the 
nineteenth  Maine  infantry:  an<l  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  for 
gallantry  in  commami  of  his  regiment  at 
Hii:li   Brid-e.   Va.     He  died   in   1907. 

Starbuck,  Calvin  Washburn,  journalist, 
philanthropist,   was  born   April   20,   1822.    in 


Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  established  the  Cin- 
cinnati Times,  an  afternoon  newspaper.  To 
his  exertions  and  generosity  are  mainly  due 
the  Relief  union,  the  Home  of  the  Friendless, 
and  other  charitable  institutions  of  Cincin- 
nati ;  while  his  private  gifts  were  many  and 
constant.  He  died  Nov.  15,  1870,  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio. 

Starbuck,  Edwin  Diller,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  20,  1866,  in  Bridgeport.  Ind. 
Since  1906  he  has  been  professor  of  philoso- 
phy at  the  State  university  of  Iowa.  He  is 
the  author  of  P.sychology  of   Religion. 

Starcher,  Edwin  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Dec.  25.  1863.  in  Calhoun  county.  W. 
Va.  He  received  a  thorough  education:  and 
graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the  Wash- 
ington and  Lee  university.  He  is  a  suc- 
cessful lawyer,  abstractor,  pharmacist  and 
banker  of  Fairfax.  S.D. :  and  president  of 
the  Gregory  county  state  bank.  In  1889-90 
he  was  district  attorney  for  Charles  Mix 
county,  D.T. ;  and  was  the  first  county  judge 
of  Gregory  county  when  that  county  was 
organized ;  and  has  held  the  office  continu- 
ously since.  He  owns  a  complete  set  of  ab- 
stracts of  Gregory  county,  S.D. ;  and  is 
prominently  identified  with  the  b'usiness  and 
public  .Iffairs  of  his  community.  He  is 
judge  of  the  county  court  for  Gregory  coun- 
ty, S.D. 

Stariha,  John,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  May  12.  1845.  in  Austria.  For  many 
years  he  was  vicar-general  or  the  archdio- 
cese of  St.  Paul.  Minn.  Since  1902  he  has 
been  Roman  catholic  bishop  of  Lead,  S.D. 
Starin,  John  Henry,  banker,  congressman, 
was  born  Aug.  27.  1825.  in  Sammonsville, 
He  commenced  the  study  of  medicine 
in  1842 ;  and  estab- 
lished and  conducted 
the  drug  and  medicine 
i)usiness  at  Fultonville 
in  1845-58.  In  1848- 
52  he  was  postmaster 
at  Fultonville;  and 
since  1856  has  been 
largely  engaged  in  the 
transi)ortation  b  u  s  i- 
ness  through  the  city, 
ri\er  and  harbor  and 
waters  of  Long  Island 
sound,  and  its  acces- 
sories of  vessel  building.  He  is  at  ju'esent 
a  director  of  the  Nortli  River  bank  of  New 
York  City:  and  the  .Mohawk  River  national 
bank.  In  1877-81  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  forty-fifth  and  forty-sixih  congresses 
as  a   repniiliean. 

Stark,  Benjamin,  merchant,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, liiiled  States  .senator,  was  born 
.lune  26.  1820.  in  New  Orleans.  La.  In  1845 
he  settled  in  Oregon;  ami  established  com- 
mercial relations  with  the  Sandwich  Islands, 
and  with  California,  then  a  Mexican  prov- 
ince. In  1852  he  was  a  member  of  the  ter- 
ritorial legislature  of  Oregon  ;  and  in  1860 
was    a    member   of    the    state    legislature    of 


N.Y 


.•*-**J«l^t 


\V 


316 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


that  state.  In  1861-63  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Oregon.  He  died  Oct.  10, 
1898,   in  New  London,  Conu. 

Stark,  Caleb,  lawyer,  state  legislator,  au- 
thor, was  horn  Nov.  21,  1804,  in  Dunbarton, 
X.H.  lie  was  a  memher  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire legislature.  He  was  the  author  of 
Reminiscences  of  the  French  War,  contain- 
ing Rogers's  Expeditions  with  the  New  Eng- 
land Rangers,  and  an  Account  of  the  Life 
and  Military  Service  of  John  Stark;  Memoir 
and  Official  Correspondence  of  Gen.  John 
Stark,  with  Notices  of  other  Officers  of  the 
Revolution ;  and  a  History  of  Dunbarton, 
N.H.,  from  the  Grant  by  Mason's  Assigns 
in  1751  to  1860.  He  died  Feb.  1,  1864,  in 
Dunbarton.  N.H. 

Stark,  Charles  B.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
horn  June  13.  1854,  in  Springfield,  Tenn. ; 
and  is  the  son  of  the  late  Hon.  Joseph  Carter 

Stark,  judge  of  the  ju- 
dicial court  of  Ten- 
nessee, in  v>hose  of- 
fice he  educated  his 
nephew.  John  W. 
Judd,  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court 
^^  of    rtali.    and    various 

^l^^^^k  other    eminent    jurists. 

^^fip|s£^^B||  Charles  B.  Stark  has 
^^^Km^-M^^^m  attained  prominence 
■^HVi^^^^H  the 

^I^^IH^HHI  ill  ^t-  Louis,  Mo. 

and  is  i)rominently 
identified  with  the  business  and  public  affairs 
of  that  city.  He  is  the  author  of  Stark's 
Missouri  Digest,  in  three  volumes  ;  and  other 
works. 

Stark,  John,  soldier,  was  born  Aug.  28, 
1728,  in  Londonderry,  N.H.  He  was  a  l)ri- 
gadier-general ;  and  is  a  conspicuous  figure 
in  American  history,  by  his  victory  over  the 
British  at  Bennington,  Aug.  16,  1777.  He 
died  May  8.  1832,  in  Manchester,  N.H. 

Stark,  Joseph  Carter,  state  senator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Dec.  29,  1817,  in  Sumner  coun- 
ty, Tenn.  He  was  a  Tennessee  state  .sen- 
ator; and  judge  of  the  tenth  judicial  cir- 
cuit court  of  Tennessee.  He  died  March  6. 
1890,   in   Springfield,   Tenn. 

Stark,  Louis  Raoul,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  June  4,  1841,  in  Totness.  S.C.  He 
was  educated  at  the  South  Carolina  military 
academy ;  and  in  1867  graduated  from  the 
New  Orleans  school  of  medicine.  For  many 
years  he  was  professor  of  gynsecology  in  th(> 
medical  department  of  the  Arkansas  univer- 
sity at  Little  Rock.  He  has  attained  suc- 
cess in  the  practice  of  medicine  at  Little 
Rock,  Ark. ;  and  is  a  member  of  the  Arkan- 
sas and  of  the  Little  Rock  medical  societies  : 
is  a  member  of  the  American  medical  asso- 
ciations :  and  a  member  of  various  other 
medical  and  scientific  societies. 

Stark,  William,  lawyer,  poet,  was  born 
al)Out  1820  in  Manchester,  N.H.  He  de- 
voted himself  to  literary  pursuits;  and  to 
the  care  of  a  large  collection  of  rare  birds 
and  animals.     His  park   in   Manchester,   N. 


H..  which  was  open  to  the  public,  was  widely 
known.  He  wrote  several  poems,  and  fre- 
quently lectured.  He  died  Oct.  29,  1873,  in 
Somerville,  Mass. 

Stark,  William  Ledyard,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  July  29,  1853,  in 
Mystic.  Coini.  He  was  commissioned  major 
and  judge-advocate-gpueral  of  the  Nebraska 
national  guard.  In  1897-1903  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth  and 
fifty-seventh  congresses. 

Starkey,  Thomas  Alfred,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, of  Newark,  N.J.,  was  born  in  1819,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa^  He  w-as  consecrated  prot- 
estant  episcopal  bishop  of  northern  New 
Jersey  in  ISSO.  The  name  of  his  diocese 
was  changed  to  Newark  in  1886;  and  about 
the  same  time  the  bishop  removed  his  resi- 
dence to  East  Orange.  He  died  in  1903, 
in  East  Orange,  N.J. 

Starks,  Samuel  W.,  librarian,  business 
president,  was  born  March  11,  1866,  in 
Charleston,  W.Va.  He  Avas  educated  in 
the  public  schools;  and  at  Bryant  ana 
Stratton  business  college  of  Chicago,  111. 
He  was  a  clerk  and  telegraph  operator  for 
the  K.  and  M.  and  for  the  "T.  and  0.  C. 
railwaj's;  was  manager  of  the  Capital  City 
mercantile  company;  manager  of  the  Advo- 
cate publishing  company;  and  president  of 
the  Pythian  mutual  investment  association. 
He  was  state  librarian  of  West  Virginia. 
He  died  April  3.  1908,  in  Charleston,  W.Va. 

Starkweather,  David  A.,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Connecticut.  In 
] 839-41  and  1845-47  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-sixth  and  twenty- 
ninth  congresses.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1848;  and  was  minister  to  Chili 
m   iSr)4-57.     He   died   in  Ohio. 

Starkweather,  George  A.,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Connecticut.  In  1847-49  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
thirtieth  congress.  He  died  in  Cooperstown, 
N.V. 

Starkweather,  George  Briggs,  missionary, 
inventor,  genealogist,  author,  was  born  Jan. 
11,    1847.    in    Hartford,    Conn.      He    was_  a 

missionary  and  in- 
terested in  the  edu- 
cational movement  in 
Argentina.  He  was 
the  inventor  of  a  new 
process  for  the  pres- 
ervation of  certain 
South  American  food 
products;  and  found- 
id  our  present  Indian 
industrial  training 
system.  He  was  the 
translator  of  five  lan- 
guages for  the  United 
and  acted  as  inter- 
preter. He  founded  Forest  Lake  cemetery 
of  Wasliington,  D.C.,  of  which  he  is  the 
comptroller.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Law 
of  Sects;  Secret  of  Wings;  and  is  preparing 
a   Genealogy   of   the   Starkweather   Family. 


States    government: 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


317 


Starkweather,  Henry  Howard,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,,  cuiigrcssiuan,  was  born 
April  29,  182G,  in  Preston,  Conn.  Ho 
served  in  the  Connectieut  state  legislature; 
and  in  18(51  was  appointed  postmaster  of 
Norwieh.  In  lS()7-77  lie  was  a  re])resenta- 
tive  from  Connectieut  to  tlie  fortieth,  forty- 
first,  forty-second,  forty-third  and  forty- 
foiuth  congresses  as  u  republican.  He 
died    Jan.    2S,     1876,    in    Washington.    D.C. 

Starkweather,  John  Converse,  soldier, 
congressman,  was  born  ^lay  11,  1830,  in 
Cooperstown,  X.Y.  He  was  a  colonel  in 
tile  New  York  twelfth  artillery.  He  was  a 
member  of  congress  in  1847-49.  He  died 
Nov.   15.   1890,  in  Washington,  D,C. 

Starling,  Lyne,  merchant,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Dec.  27,  1784,  in  Mecklenburg 
county,  Va.  He  removed  to  Ohio  in  early 
life  and  was  a  founder  of  Columbus.  He  ac- 
(juired  large  wealth;  and  left  a  sum  to 
establish  in  Columbus  the  Starling  medical 
college  and  hospital.  He  died  Nov.  21,  1848, 
in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Starling,  William,  soldier,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  2"),  1S.39,  in  Columbus, 
Ohio.  He  served  in  the  Union  army  in 
tlie  civil  war.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Improvement  of  the  IMississippi  River; 
Some  Notes  on  the  Holland  Dikes;  The  Dis- 
charge of  the  ^lississippi  River;  and  The 
Floods  of  the  Mississipjji  River.  He  died 
in   1900,  ill   (ire<'iisvil]e,  ^liss. 

Starr,  Alfred  Adolphus,  lecturer,  inven- 
tor, was  born  Jan.  25,  1820,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1845  he  began  giving  lectures 
which  he  illustrated  with  a  crude  solai' 
microscope  made  of  jiastcboard.  Afterward 
he  made  an  oxyhydrogen  micro.scope;  and 
several  years  later  he  procured  a  fine  ap- 
paratus. He  has  given  three  thousand 
lectures  and  exiiibitions  before  schools  and 
colleges;  and  was  also  connected  with 
I  iiineas  T.  Hanium,  Using  a  microscope  of 
enormous  power,  lie  j)rojected  living  speci- 
mens on  his  screen:  and  being  a  skilful 
manipulator,  regulated  tlieir  performances 
with  dexterity,  showing  water-insects  and 
animalcules  feeding  upem  or  lighting  with 
( ach  other.  Hi-  was  one  of  the  first  to 
j:rocure  a  patent  to  light  railroad  <ars  witli 
gas. 

Starr,  Charles  Richard,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  .May  15,  1.S24,  in  Nova  Scotia. 
He  moved  to  Illinois  in  1842;  and  |)rac- 
tices  law  in  Kankakee.  For  four  years 
lie  was  county  judge;  and  for  over  twenty- 
five  years  has  been  judge  of  the  circuit 
court. 

Starr,  Eliza  Allen,  lecturer,  aullior.  poe(. 
was  horn  Aug.  29,  I.S24,  in  Deerliehl,  Mass. 
Sue  is  an  art  lecturer  in  Chicago.  She  was 
the  author  of  Patron  Saints;  Pilgrims  and 
Shrines;  Songs  of  a  Lifetime;  Isabella  of 
Castile;  What  We  See;  Christ  mastide; 
Christian  Art  in  Our  Own  Age;  Three 
Keys  to  the  Camera  della  Signatiira  of 
the  Vatican;  and  Seven  D(dors  of  the  Bless- 


ed   Virgin    :Mary,     She   died   Sept.   7,    1901, 
ill    Duraiiii,    111. 

Starr,  Frederick,  anthropologist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  2,  1858,  in  Auburn,  N.Y'^. 
Since  1895  he  has  been  professor  of  an- 
thiopologj'  in  the  university  of  Chicago. 
In  1905-0(5  he  led  an  expedition  into  the 
Congo  Free  State.  He  is  the  author  of  On 
the  Hills;  Geology  for  Y'oung  People;  Some 
First  Steps  in  lluman  Progress;  and  The 
'I'rutli    Al)out    the   Congo. 

Starr,  Frederick  Ratchford,  farmer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  18,  1821,  in  Nova 
Scotia,  He  was  a  noted  dairy  farmer  of 
Litchlield,  Conn,  He  was  the  author  of 
Didley  Dumps,  the  New.sboy;  May  I  Not?; 
Wiiat  Can  I  Do?;  Farm  Echoes;  and  From 
Shore  to  Shore.  He  died  April  27,  1889, 
ill    Halifax,   Nova    Scotia. 

Starr,  Mrs.  Ida  May  Hill,  musician,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  11,  1859,  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio.  She  is  the  author  of  Gardens 
of   the   Caribbees. 

Starr,  John  F.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  ISIS,  in  Pliihuh-Iphia,  Pa,  In  1863-67  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  to 
the  thirty-eighth  and  thirty-ninth  congress- 
es.    He   died   in    1904,  in   New^  Jersey, 

Starr,  Louis,  physician,  author,  Avas  born 
ill  riiiladelpliia,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
Disease  of  the  Digestive  Organs  .  in  In- 
fancy and  Childhood;  Hygiene  of  the  Nurs- 
ery: Diets  for  Infants  and  Children  in 
iiealtli  and  in  Disease;  and  A  Synopsis 
of    the    Pliysiological    Action    of    Medicines. 

Starr,  Merritt,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
about  lS(i(),  in  Rllington,  N,Y,  In  1895-97 
he  was  jiresident  of  tlie  Chicago  law  insti- 
tution. He  is  the  author  of  Starr's  Ref- 
erence Digest  of  Wisconsin  Reports;  and 
Annotated    Statutes    of    Illinois. 

Starr,  Moses  Allen,  jihysician,  author,  was 
burn  .May  l(i.  1S54,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He 
is  a  jihysician  of  New  York  City;  prominent 
as  a  neurologist;  and  since  1888  has  been 
professor  of  nervous  diseases  in  the  medical 
department  of  Columbia  university.  He 
\y-  the  author  of  Familiar  Forms  of  Nerv- 
ous Diseases;  L.^ctures  on  Insanity;  Brain 
Surgery;  and  Atlas  of  Nerve  Cells.  He 
also  is  a  constant  contributor  to  medical 
literature. 

Starr,  William  Gabriel,  clergyman,  college 
president,  was  born  Sept.  26.  1840,  in  Rap- 
pahannock county,  Va.  He  entered  the 
ministry  in  18(50:  ami  has  since  tilled  the 
leading  stations  in  tlie  \'iiginia  aiiiuial  con- 
ference of  the  methodist  ejiiscopal  churcli 
south.  For  five  years  he  \vas  president  of 
the  Weslevaii  Feiiuile  college  of  Mmfrees- 
l.oro,    N,C.' 

Starrett.  Mrs,  Helen  Ekin,  educator,  au- 
ll.or,  poet,  was  liorn  Scjit,  I'.l.  1840.  in  Alle- 
gheny county,  I'a.  She  is  principal  of 
Mis.  Stari-ett's  classical  school  for  girls. 
She  is  the  founder  of  Kr'iiwood  institute  of 
Chicago.  111.  She  is  the  author  of  Letters 
to  a  Daughter;  f.etters  to  Klder  Daughters; 
and  a  vcdiime  of  Poems. 


318 


HSRRINGSHAWS   I.TBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Starrett,  Theodore,  building  contractor, 
architect,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1865,  in  Law- 
rence. Kan.  Since  188!)  he  has  been  engaged 
as  a  builder  and  engineer  of  high  buildings 
in  Chicago,  New  York,  Cleveland,  Boston, 
Philadelphia,  Washington.  Baltimore,  and 
other  cities  in  the  United  States  and  Can- 
ada; and  is  now  president  of  the  firm  of 
Thompson-Starrett  company.  He  is  a  con- 
triljutor  to  New  York  Sun  and  other  papers 
;iiid  periodicals  of  essays  on  trade  union 
errors  and  abuses  in  New  York.  Some  of 
his  essays  on  trade  union  questions  have 
been   collected   utuI  printed. 

Starring,  Frederick  Augustus,  soldier, 
lawyer,  civil  engineer,  was  born  May  24, 
1834.  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  In  1859  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar.  He  served  throughout 
the  civil  war;  was  colonel  in  the  seventy- 
second  regiment  Illinois  infantrj*;  and  brig- 
adier-general commanding  the  first,  second 
fXnd  third  brigades  in  the  army  of  the 
Tennessee.  He  died  in  1004,  in  New  York 
City. 

Starrs^  William,  clergyman,  founder,  was 
born  in  1807,  in  Ireland.  In  1853  he  was 
appointed  rector  of  St.  Patrick's  cathedral 
and  vicar-general  of  the  archdiocese  of 
'New  York;  and  in  1864  became  administra- 
tor of  the  diocese  until  the  succeeding  bish- 
v\>  was  ai)pointed.  He  was  instrumental 
in  instituting  the  Sisters  of  Mercy  and 
Sisters  of  the  Cood  Shepherd.  He  died 
Feb.   6,   1873.   in   New    York   City. 

Start,  Charles  Monroe,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Oct.  4,  1839,  in  Bakerslitdd,  Vt. 
In  1880-81  he  was  attorney-gt'neral  of  Min- 
nesota. In  1895  he  was  elected  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  state  supreme  court  of  Min- 
nesota   f(ii-    the   terms   ending   in    1913. 

Start,  Henry  R.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  Avas  born  Dec.  28,  1845,  in 
Bakersfield,   Vt.     He   was   educated   at   the 

Bakersfield  and  Barre 
academy.  During  the 
civil  war  he  was  a 
member  of  company 
A.  t  h  i  r  d  regiment 
Vermont  volunteer 
infantry.  He  is  one 
of  the  foremost  law- 
yers of  New  ICngland 
at  Bakersfield ;  has 
held  the  office  of 
state's  attorney;  was 
state  senator  ii'i  1880; 
and  a  representative 
ill  1S90,  and  speaker  of  the  house.  In  1880 
lie  was  a  ))residential  elector;  and  in  1890 
was  elected  a  jiidge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Vermont.  He  died  in  1905,  in  Bakers- 
field,   Vt. 

Stauffer,  Clinton  Raymond,  educator,  ge- 
oldgist,  was  born  Ot.  2,  1875,  in  Polo.  111. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Ohio  state  univer- 
sity, and  has  received  the  degrees  of  B.S., 
A.M.  and  Ph.D.  In  1906-07  he  was  an 
instructor  of  geology  in  the  Ohio  state  uni- 
versity;    and    in     1909-10    in    the    Westi'rn 


reserve  university;  and  since  1911  has 
been  associate  professor  of  geology  in  that 
institution.  In  1907-10  he  was  assistant 
geologist  in  the  Ohio  geological  survey; 
and  since  1913  has  been  geologist  of  the 
Ohio    geological    survey. 

Stauffer,  David  McNeely,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  24.  1845,  in  Lan- 
caster, Pa.  In  1882-1906  he  was  editor 
and  one  of  the  proprietors  of  Engineering 
News.  He  is  the  author  of  Modern  Tun- 
nel Construction;  and  American  Engravers 
on   Copper  and  Steel. 

Stauffer,  Francis  Henry,  author,  was  born 
in  1832,  in  Pennsylvania.  Ho  was  long  a 
contributor  to  the  Saturday  Night  of  Phil- 
adelphia. Among  his  serials  published  in 
that  paper  are  Ruth  Brandon;  Lucy  Dar- 
rel;  and  Devona  the  Dauntless.  He  died 
about    1899,    in    Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Staughton,  William,  clergyman,  college 
president,  poet,  was  born  Jan.  4,  1770,  in 
England.  In  1822-27  was  the  president  of 
Columbian  college  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia. He  was  probably  the  most  eloquent 
baptist  minister  of  his  time  in  America, 
lie  died  Dec.  12,  1829,  in  Washington.  D.C. 
Staunton,  William,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1803  in  England.  He  was  an 
episcopal  clergyman  of  New  Y'ork  city. 
He  was  the  author  of  Ecclesiastical  Dic- 
tionarx';  and  wrote  nuicli  on  musical  topics. 
He  died  Sei)t.  29,  1889,  in  New  York  City. 
Staver,  Henry  Clay,  merchant,  manufac- 
turer, was  born  Dec.  19.  1844,  in  Loganton. 
Pa.  He  became  interested  in  several  busi- 
ness enterprises;  and  established  the  house 
of  H.  C.  Staver  and  company,  jobbers  of 
implements  and  vehicles  of  Chicago,  111. 
This  institution  is  now  the  Staver  carriage 
company,  of  which  he  is  president  and 
general  manager. 

St.  Clair,  Arthur,  soldier,  congressman, 
governor,  author,  was  born  June  13.  1734, 
in   Edinburgh,  Scotland.     In   1764  he  settled 

in  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  erected 
mills.  In  1770  he  was 
made  a  district  sur- 
veyor and  justice  of 
common  pleas.  In 
177(5  he  was  ordered 
to  Canada;  acquitted 
Iiimstdf  w  i  t  h  great 
ability,  rose  to  the 
iank  of  major-gen- 
eral. He  joined  Gon- 
er a  1  Washington ; 
took  a  leading  part 
in  the  battles  of  Princeton.  Ticonderoga, 
and  Brandywine;  assisted  Sullivan  against 
(lie  Si.x  Nations;  and  was  a  commissioner 
to  arrange  a  cartel  with  the  British  in 
1780.  In  1785-87  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  in  1787-88  he  was  president  of  the 
congress.  He  was  governor  of  the  territory 
of  Ohio  in  1788-1803:  made  an  Indian  Ireaty 
in    1789,  and  located  the  citv  of  Cincinnati, 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


319 


and  gave  it  its  name.  He  was  appointed 
geni-ral-in-cliief  of  tho  army  in  1791,  being 
the  fifth  commander  of  the  United  States 
army.  He  died  Aug.  31,  1818,  in  Greens- 
burg.  Pa. 

Stayton,  Robert  W.,  lieutenant-colonel 
Texas  national  guard,  was  born  Dec.  8.  18.")!), 
in  Pleasonton.  Te.\.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Hamptlen-Sidney  college  of  Virginia; 
and  at  the  university  of  Virginia.  He  at- 
tained success  in  the  practice  of  law  at 
San  Antonio,  Tex.;  and  was  special  dis- 
trict judge,  special  associate  justice  court 
civil  appeals  for  the  fourth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Texas.  In  1892  he  was  a  demo- 
cratic elector;  and  filled  various  other  pub- 
positions  of  trust  and  honor.  He  was  lieu- 
tenant-colonel and  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral on  division  staff  of  the  Texas  national 
guard.  He  died  in  1907,  in  San  Antonio, 
Texas. 

Stead,  Robert,  designer,  architect,  was 
born  .Jan.  27,  1856,  in  New  York  City. 
Among  the  buildings  erected  by  him  in 
Washington  are  the  chapel  and  mission 
house  of  Epiphany  church,  office  buildings, 
residences  and  the  rectory  of  St.  .James's 
cl  lurch. 

Steadman,  Alexander,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
17()4  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of   Pennsylvania. 

Stealey,  Orlando  0.,  journalist,  author, 
jvas  born  .Jan.  4,  1842,  in  Jeffersonville.  Ind. 
For  forty  years  he  was  on  the  staff  of  the 
T.oui.sville  Courier-.Journal ;  and  is  now 
Washington  correspondent  of  that  paper.  He 
is  the  author  of  Twenty  Yeai's  in  Press  Gal- 
lery. 

Steams,  Ashael,  lawyer,  educator,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  June  17,  1774, 
in  Massachusetts.  He  was  several  years 
county  attorney  for  Middlesex  county.  In 
181.5-17  he  was  a  represent.; tive  from  Mas- 
sachusetts to  the  fourteenth  congress.  He 
was  professor  of  law  at  Cambridge  in  1817- 
29.  lie  was  the  author  of  Real  Actions.  He 
(li.MJ   F..i>.   .5,   1839.   in  Cambridge,    Mass. 

Stearns,  Charles,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
u;is  Ixirn  .Inly  19,  1753,  in  I.ieominster.  Mass. 
lie  was  a  unitarian  clergyman:  and  in  1785- 
1826  jiastor  ;it  Lincoln.  Mass.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Ladies'  Philosophy  of  Love, 
a  Poem  :  and  Princijjles  of  Morality  and  Rc- 
liirion.  11.-  died  July  2fi,  182fi,  in  Lincoln, 
.M.iss. 

Stearns,  Charles  Woodward,  physicinn, 
siiri'cun,  :iutl  iir,  uas  l)orn  in  1818  in  Spring- 
field, Mass.  He  was  a  physician  and  sur- 
ireon  of  noti'  ;is  ;i  Sh:iki'si)i'ar<'an  scholar.  lie 
was  the  Miitlior  of  Siiakespcare's  Medical 
Knowledge;  Shakespeare  Treasury  of  Wis- 
dom and  Knowh'dge ;  Concordance  of  the 
Constitution  of  the  I'nited  States;  and  The 
P.l.i.k  Afcn  nnd  the  South  and  the  Reliels. 
Lie  died  Sei)t.  8.  1887.  in  Long  Meadow, 
Mm^s. 

Stearns,  Eben  Sperry,  educator,  college 
liresiileiit.  wns  liorn  in  1821  in  Bedford, 
Mnss.     He  was  master  of  the  normal  school 


at  Framingham,  Mass;  of  the  Albany  Fe- 
male academy  :  and  in  1875  became  chancel- 
lor of  Nashville  university.  lie  died  in  1887 
in   Xasliville,  Tenn. 

Stearns,  Edward  Josiah,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, autiior.  was  born  Feb.  24.  1810.  in  Bed- 
foril,  Mass.  He  was  a  clersiyman  of  the  epis- 
copal cliun  h  :  and  in  1849-53  was  professor 
of  modern  languages  in  St.  John's  college  of 
.\nnapolis.  Md.  He  was  the  author  of  A 
Phitform  for  All  Parties;  Notes  on  Uncle 
Tom's  Cabin  :  Practical  Guide  to  English 
I'ronunciation  :  The  Faith  of  Our  Forefath- 
ers, an  Examination  of  Archi)ishop  Gibbon's 
Faith  of  Our  Fathers;  and  Tlie  Archbishop's 
Clinmpioi  Brought  to  Book.  He  died  in 
1890.  in  Maryland. 

Stearns,  Ezra  Scollay,  state  senator,  au- 
thor, was  horn  Sept.  1.  1838.  in  Kludge,  N. 
II.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire house  of  representatives  five  sessions  ; 
and  of  the  state  senate  for  four  years.  In 
1891-99  he  was  secretary  of  state  of  New 
Hampshire.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
liind;:e;  and  History  of  .\shburnhaui.  N.H. 
Stearns,  Frank  Preston,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  .Jan.  4,  1846,  in  Medford, 
Mass.     In  1867  he  graduated  from  Harvard 

college,    and    was    one 

'     "~^  -  of     the      founders      of 

i)ase  ball  at  Harvard. 
He  studied  art  in  Ger- 
many and  Italy  ;  and 
studied  literature  with 
David  A.  Wasson.  He 
is  an  angler  and  ex- 
•  ^^L  pert  rifle  shot.     He  is 

I^^^R  the   author  of    Life  of 

1^^w»  Tintosetto;    The    Mid- 

summer of   Italian 
Art ;    Concord    Skctch- 
_  's :      and      Real      and 

Ideal  in  Literature;  Life  of  Bismarck;  Four 
(ireat  Venetians;  Napoleon  and  ^lachia- 
velli  ;  True  Republicanism ;  Campaign 
Sketches;  Life  of  Hawthorne  and  Life  of 
Major  (ieorge  L.  Stearns.  ■  He  is  at  work 
on  a   History  of  (ire(>k  Sculpture. 

Stearns,  George  Luther,  nu'rchant,  aboli- 
tionist, was  born  .Ian.  8,  1809.  in  .Medford, 
Mass.  He  was  a  m.annfacturer  of  slieet  and 
[lipe-lend  of  Boston,  He  identified  himself 
witli  the  anti-slavery  cause,  became  a  free- 
soiler  in  1848,  aided  John  Brown  in  Kan- 
sas, nnd  supported  him  until  his  death.  The 
(ifty-fourth  and  fifty-lifth  Massachusetts  reg- 
iiueuts,  and  the  fifth  cavalry,  Massachusetts, 
were  largely  recruited  through  his  instru- 
inenfalit.v.  He  was  the  founder  of  tlie  Com- 
uiou wealth  and  Right  of  Wa.v,  mnvspapers 
for  the  dissi'iuination  of  his  ideas.  He  died 
.\pril   9.   1867.   in   New   York   City. 

Stearns,  Henry  Putnam,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  horn  .\pril  18,  1828,  in 
Sutton,  Mass.  Durinsr  the  civil  war  he  was 
surgeon  in  the  United  States  volunteers, 
with  jiositions  of  medical  director  aufl  act- 
ing insjjeotor.  For  twenty-five  years  he  was 
sii](erinleudeiit    and    physician    to    the    Hart- 


320 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ford  retreat  for  the  insane  ;  and  in  1877-97 
was  lecturer  on  insanity  at  Yale  university. 
He  was  president  of  the  Connecticut  medical 
society  ;  and  president  of  various  other  med- 
ical associations.  lie  was  the  author  of 
Medical  Examinations  in  Life  Insurance ; 
and  Mental  Diseases.  He  died  in  1905  in 
Hartford,  Conn. 

Stearns,  Irving  Ariel,  educator,  engineer, 
was  born  Sept.  12,  1845,  in  Rushville,  N.Y. 
He  was  assistant  professor  of  analytical 
chemistry  at  Troy,  N.Y.  In  1871-72  he  was 
superintendent  of  the  McNeal  coal  and  iron 
company.  In  1872-85  he  was  engaged  in 
general  engineering.  He  was  president  of 
the  I'onn  mining  company  of  Wyoming. 

Stearns,  John,  physician,  founder,  was 
born  JNIay  16.  1770,  in  Wilbraham,  Mass. 
In  l809-i3  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  state  senate.  He  originated  the  Sara- 
toga county  medical  society ;  in  1807  the 
medical  society  of  the  state  of  New  York ; 
and  in  1846  was  the  first  president  of  the 
New  York  academy  of  medicine.  He  was 
also  a  founder  of  the  American  tract  soci- 
ety. He  died  March  18,  1848,  in  New  York 
city. 

Stearns,  John  Glazier,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  22,  1795,  in  Ackworth,  N.II. 
He  was  a  baptist  clergyman ;  and  prom- 
inent in  central  New  York  for  fifty  years. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Primitive  Church  ; 
Letters  on  Freemasonry  ;  The  Sovereignty  of 
God  and  Free  Agency ;  and  The  Influence  of 
the  Spirit  and  the  Word  in  Regeneration. 
Uo  di(Ml  .Inn.  16,  1874,  in  Clinton,  N.Y. 

Stearns,  John  Newton,  temperance  re- 
former, author,  was  born  May  24.  1829,  in 
New  Ipswich,  N.H.  In  1865  he  became  edi- 
tor of  the  National  Temperance  Advocate ; 
and  also  had  charge  of  the  Youtli's  Temper- 
ance Advocate  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Temperance  Chimes ;  The 
Temperance  Speaker ;  The  Centennial  Song- 
ster ;  One  Hundred  Years  of  Temperance; 
and  Temi)erance  in  All  Nations.  He  died 
Ai)ril  21,  1895,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Stearns,  John  William,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  10,  1839,  in  Sturb ridge,  Mass. 
In  1878-85  he  was  president  of  the  Wisconsin 
state  normal  school.  In  1885-88  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  science  and  the  art  of  teaching,  in 
1888-1905  professor  of  philosophy  and  ped- 
agogy at  the  university  of  Wisconsin.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  History  of  Education  in 
Wisconsin. 

Stearns,  Jonathan  French,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  in  September.  1808,  in  Bed- 
ford, iNIass.  In  1849  he  became  pastor  of  the 
First  I'resbyterian  church  in  Newark,  N.T., 
which  connection  continued  about  thirty 
years.  He  was  the  author  of  Sermon  on 
the  Death  of  Daniel  Webster;  and  Historical 
Discourses  Kelating  to  tli(>  First  I'resbyterian 
Church  in  Newark.  He  died  Nov.  12,  1889, 
in  Newark,  N.J. 

Stearns,  Julius  Brutus,  artist,  was  born 
July  2,  1810,  in  Arlington,  Vt.  His  work  was 
mainly    in    porlrnilure,    liul    he    painlecl    also 


numerous  historical  subjects.  Of  these  the 
best  known  are  the  Washington  Series,  five 
paintings  representing  Washington  as  a  citi- 
zen, farmer,  soldier,  statesman,  and  Chris- 
tian. His  Millennium  is  in  the  Academy  of 
Design,  New  York.  He  died  Sept.  17,  1885, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Stearns,  Lewis  French,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  in  1847  in  Massachu- 
setts. He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  ;  and 
professor  of  systematic  theology  in  Bangor 
theological  seminary  in  1880-92.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Evidence  of  Christian  Experi- 
ence ;  Present  Day  Theology,  with  Biograph- 
ical Sketch  by  G.  L.  Prentiss ;  and  Life  of 
Henry  Boynton  Smith.  He  died  in  1892  in 
Bangor,  Maine. 

Steams,  Lutie  Eugenia,  educator,  librar- 
ian, was  born  in  Stoughton,  Mass.  In  1890- 
97  she  was  in  charge  of  the  circulating  de- 
partment of  the  Milwaukee  public  library ; 
and  since  1907  has  been  librarian  visitor  of 
the  Wisconsin  free  library  commission.  She 
travels  constantly  through  Wisconsin,  visit- 
ing public  and  circulating  libraries. 

Stearns,  Marcellus  L.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  governor,  was  born  April  29, 
1839,  in  Lovell,  Maine.  He  entered  the  union 
army  as  a  private ;  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
first  lieutenant.  He  settled  in  Florida  im- 
mediately after  the  close  of  the  civil  war ; 
and  was  appointed  United  States  surveyor- 
general  of  Florida.  He  was  twice  elected  a 
representative  to  the  legislature,  and  speaker 
of  the  house.  He  was  lieutenant-governor  of 
Florida  ;  and  was  the  tenth  governor  in  1874- 
77.  He  died  Dec.  8,  1891,  in  Palatine  Bridge, 
N.Y. 

Stearns,  Melvin  J.,  soldier,  physician,  post- 
master, was  burn  Oct.  5,  1843,  in  INIassena, 
N.Y.  He  received  his  education  at  the  Pots- 
dam academy ;  and  graduated  in  mediciue 
from  the  Hahnemann  medical  college  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  first 
lieutenant  in  the  one  hundred  and  sixth  regi- 
ment New  York  volunteers.  He  has  been 
county  commissioner  of  Cass  county ;  town 
health  officer  of  Massena  ;  and  secretary  of 
the  school  board.  He  has  attained  success  as 
a  noted  physician  of  Massena,  N.Y. ;  and  is 
now  postmaster  of  that  city. 

Stearns,  Oakman  Sprague,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Oct.  20.  1817.  in 
Bath.  Maine.  He  was  a  baptist  clergyman  of 
Massachusetts;  and  professor  of  biblical  in- 
terpretation at  Newton  Theological  seminary 
in  1868-93.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Syllabus 
of  Messianic  Passages  in  the  Old  Testament  ; 
and  Introduction  to  the  Books  of  the  Old 
Testament.  He  died  April  21.  1893,  in  New- 
ton Centre,  Mass. 

Stearns,  Oliver,  educator,  clergyman,  col- 
lege iiresideut,  was  born  .lune  3,  1807,  in 
Lunenburg,  Mass.  He  filled  pastorates  hi 
Northampton  and  Iliuglinm,  ISFass.  In  1856- 
63  he  was  president  of  the  Meadville  theolog- 
ical school  of  Pennsylvania,  later  returning 
to  accer)t  the  Parkman  i)rofessorship.  He  was       • 


HEIRRINGSIIAVn'S   LIHRARV   of  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


321 


a  lectiirei-  ou  cliiistian  thoology.  In  1870-78 
he  was  dean  of  Iho  divinity  school.  He  died 
July  18.  1885.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Stearns,  Onslow7  governorT  was  born  in 
New  Ilanipsliiie.  hi  18G9-71  he  was  the  thir- 
tieth governor  of  New  Hampshire.  He  died 
Dee.  28.  1878.  in  New  Hampshire. 

Stearns,  Ozora  Pierson,  soldier,  lawyer, 
Tnited  States  senator,  was  born  Jan.  15, 
1831,  in  He  Kalh.  N.Y.  In  1861  he  was  elect- 
ed county  attorney  of  Olmstead  county,  Minn. 
In  1869-71  he  was  United  States  senator  to 
(ill  a  vacancy.  He  died  June  3,  1896,  in  San 
Diego,  Cal. 

Stearns,  Robert  Edwards  Carter,  scien- 
lisr.  author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  21,  1827,  in 
Boston,    Mass.     In    1858-62    he    was    in    the 

printing  and  publish- 
ing business ;  in  1862- 
63  was  deputy  clerk  of 
the  supreme  court  of 
California.  In  1884  be 
was  adjunct  curator  in 
the  department  of 
mollusks  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  national  mu- 
seum. He  was  con- 
nected with  the  scien- 
tific departments  of 
the  Smithsonian  insti- 
tution, and  the  United 
States  geological  survey  at  Washington.  D.C. 
lie  has  pui)lislied  numerous  scientific  papers. 
Stearns,  Samuel,  physician,  astronomer, 
authoi-,  was  born  in  1747  in  Bolton,  Mass. 
He  was  a  physician  and  astronomer  of  Wor- 
cester, New  Vork  City,  and  of  Brattleboro. 
He  was  the  author  of  Tour  to  London  and 
Paris ;  Mystery  of  Animal  Magnetism ; 
American  Oracle  ;  and  The  American  Herbal 
or  Materia  Medica.  He  died  Aug.  8.  1819,  in 
Brattleboro.  Vt. 

Stearns,  Mrs.  Sarah  Burger,  reformer,  was 
born  Nov.  30.  1836,  in  New  York  City.  For 
many  years  she  was  vice-president  for  Min- 
nesota of  the  national  woman  suffrage  asso- 
ciation. She  was  president  of  the  Duluth 
iiome  .society ;  and  was  instrumental  in  es- 
tablishing a  temporary  home  for  needy  wom- 
en and  children  in  that  city.  She  died  in 
California. 

Stearns,  Wallace  Nelson,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  26.  1866.  in  Chagrin 
FalLs,  Ohio.  Since  1906  he  has  been  professor 
of  biblical  literature  at  the  Wesley  college 
of  the  university  of  North  Dakota.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  Manual  of  Patrology  ;  and 
Keligious  Education  in  the  State  Universi- 
ties. 

Stearns,  William  Augustus,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Magh  17.  1805.  in  Bedford. 
Mass.  He  was  a  congreH;ational  clergym.in  ; 
and  president  of  Amherst  college  in  1854-76. 
He  was  the  author  of  Infant  Church  Mem- 
bership; and  A  I'lea  lor  the  Nation.  He 
died  June  8.  1876.  in   .\ndierst.  Mass. 

Stearns,  French,  merchant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  iK)rn  Nov.  9,  1834,  in  Cambridge- 


port,  :Mass.  He  was  a  merchant  of  New 
York  City,  he  rendered  great  services  to  the 
American  board  of  foreign  mi-sions  during 
the  civil  war;  and  built  a  church  for  Am- 
herst college.  As  the  personal  friend  and 
corres])ondent  of  Dr.  David  Livingstone,  he 
aided  hugely  in  fitting  out  his  last  expedi- 
tion. He  died  May  21,  1874,  in  Orange, 
N.J. 

Stearns,  Winfrid  Alden,  author,  was  born 
in  1850.  He  is  the  author  of  Labrador,  a 
Sketch  of  Its  Peoples;  Wrecked  on  Labra- 
dor; and  New  England  Bird  Life. 

Stebbens,  Sarah  Bridges,  author,  poet, 
was  iiovn  in  Philadelphia.  Pa.  She  is  the 
author  of  several  volumes  of  poejns,  the 
most  notable  of  which  are  Marble  Isle  Le- 
gends of  the  Round  Table;  and  Galgano's 
Wooing,  and  Other  Poems.  She  is  also  the 
author  of  a  prose  work  entitled  Annals  of  a 
Baby;  and  also  a  romance  entitled  He 
and  I. 

Stebbins,  Emma,  sculptor,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  1,  1815,  in  New  York  City.  She 
lived  for  many  years  in  Rome  where  she 
formed  a  friendship  with  Charlotte  Cush- 
man.  She  was  the  author  of  Charlotte 
e'ushman :  Her  Letters  and  Memories  of  Her 
Life.  She  died  Oct.  25,  1882,  in  New  York 
City. 

Stebbins,  George  Coles,  evangelist,  com- 
poser, was  born  Feb.  2G,  1846,  in  East  Carl- 
ton, N.Y.  In  1876  he  entered  evangelistic 
work.  He  is  part  author  of  Gospel  Hymns; 
Sacred  Songs;  Gospel  Choir  and  other 
works;  and  is  the  author  of  The  Northfield 
Hymnal. 

Stebbins,  George  Waring,  organist,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  i)orn  June  16,  1869,  in 
Albion,  N.Y.  Since  1902  he  has  been  organ- 
ist of  the  Emmanuel  baptist  church  of  New 
York  City;  and  is  widely  known  as  a  vocal 
teacher.  He  has  composed  the  songs  entitled 
When  Love  is  Gone;  and  Thy  Presence;  and 
also  many  other  songs,  anthems  and  organ 
pieces. 

Stebbins,  Giles  Badger,  lecturer,  author, 
was  i)orn  in  1817.  He  was  the  author  of 
,\fter  Dogmatic  Tiieology.  What?  The  Amer- 
ican I'roiectionist's  Manual;  Chapters  from 
the  Bii)le  of  the  Ages;  Facts  and  Opinions 
Touching  the  American  Colonizatiim  So- 
cietv;  and  Progress  from  Poverty,  lie  died 
in    ioOO. 

Stebbins,  Henry  G.,  banker,  congressman, 
was  born  in  IS  12  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  one  of  the  originators  and  president  of 
the  Dramatic  fund  association;  and  an  ac- 
tive manager  of  the  New  York  academy  of 
music.  In  1863-64  he  was  a  repres'entative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirty-eighth  con- 
gress,     lie  died  in  New  York. 

Stebbins,  John  W.,  lawyer,  legislator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  22,  1819,  in  ilerkinu'r, 
N.Y.  In  1851  he  began  the  practice  of  law 
ill  Rochester,  N.Y. ;  and  in  1855  was  a  rep- 
lesentative  ill  the  New  \  ork  state  legisla- 
tiir,..       In      lS(;5-t>!t    he    was     postmaster    of 


322 


HERRINGSHAWS   I^IBRART   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Rochester,  N.Y. ;  and  for  seventeen  years 
was  grand  representative  to  the  sovereign 
grand  lodge  of  odd  fellows,  lie  is  the  au- 
thor of  Jurisprudence  of  Odd  Fellowship; 
and  History  of  Kebekah  Odd  Fellowship. 

Stebbins,  Mrs.  Mary  Elizabeth,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  1818  in  Massachusetts. 
She  is  the  author  of  Songs  of  Our  Lord; 
Heroines  of  History;  and  Poems;  Sacred, 
Passionate  and  Legendary.  She  died  Feb. 
2,    1888,   in   Massachusetts. 

Stebbins,  Rufus  Phineas,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  j\Iarch  3, 
1810,  in  South  Wilbraham,  Mass.  He  was  a 
unitarian  clergyman;  and  in  1844-56  presi- 
dent Theological  seminary  of  Meadville,  Pa. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Study  of  the  Penta- 
teuch;  and  A  Common  Sense  View  of  the 
Books  of  the  Old  Testament.  He  died  Aug. 
13,    1885,    in    Cambridge,    Mass. 

Steckler,  Alfred,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Dee.  18,  18dU,  in  New  \ork  City.  For  a 
quarter  of  a  century  he  practiced  law  in 
New  York  City;  and  for  more  than  ten 
years  was  judge  of  the  fourth  district  court. 
Since  1901  he  has  been  justice  of  the  su- 
I)rcnu'  court  of  New  York  to  fill  a  vacancy. 

Stedman,  Charles  Manly,  congressman, 
was  born  Jan.  29,  1841,  in  Pittsboro,  N.C. 
He  served  in  the  confederate  army  during 
the  civil  war,  was  three  times  wounded,  and 
attained  the  rank  of  major.  He  has  been 
president  of  the  North  Carolina  bar  associa- 
tion and  became  president  of  tlie  North 
Carolina  railroad  company.  In  1911-15  he 
was  a  representative  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Stedman,  Chester  Jewett,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  May  (J,  1878,  in  Brown's  Is- 
land, W.Va.  He  received  his  medical  degree 
from  tiie  Baltimore  medical  college;  and  is 
a  graduate  of  the  United  States  army  med- 
ical school.  In  1903  he  invented  a  section 
lifter  and  slide  holder  for  use  in  pathologic 
laboratories.  He  has  been  first  liteutenant 
and  captain  in  the  United  States  army  med- 
ical corps;  and  in  1910-11  was  in  [irivale 
practice  in  Portland,  Ore.  He  is  now  phys- 
ician to  the  United  States  engineer  depart- 
ment, Columbia  river  jetty  project. 

Stedman,  Edmund  Clarence,  autlior,  poet, 
was  born  Oct.  8,  1833,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
He  was  a  poet  and  literary  critic  of  New 
York  City;  and  for  many  years  a  member  of 
tile  Stock  exchange  there.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Poems:  Lyric  and  Idvllie;  The 
Prince's  Ball;  The  Battle  of  Bull  Bun; 
Alice  of  Monmouth ;  Idyl  of  the  Great  War, 
and  Ot^er  Poems;  The  Blameless  Prince; 
Hawtliorne  and  Other  Poems;  Lyrics  and 
Idyls;  Poems,  Household  Edition;  and  Tlie 
Star  Bearer.  His  other  works  comprise, 
Octavius  Brooks  Frothingham  and  the  New 
Faith;  Victorian  Poets;  Poets  of  America; 
and  The  Nature  and  Elements  of  Poetry. 
His  most  important  labors  as  editor  have 
been  A  Library  of  American  Literature; 
The  Works  of  Poe;  and  A  Victorian  Anthol- 


ogy. He  died  Jan.  18,  1908,  in  Bronxville, 
N.Y. 

Stedman,  Griffin  Alexander,  soldier,  was 
born  Jan.  d,  1S38,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In 
1861  he  was  captain  in  the  fifth  regiiiiLiu 
Connecticut  infantry;  and  in  1864  was  bie- 
vetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  ll<.' 
died  Aug.  6,   1864,  near  Petersburg,  \a. 

Stedman,  Thomas  Lathrop,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  Oct.  11,  1853,  iu 
Cincinnati.  Ohio.  Since  1877  he  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in  New  Y'ork  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  A  Chinese  and  English 
I'hrase  Book  in  the  Canton  Dialect ;  and 
Modern  Greek  Mastery.  He  is  also  editor  of 
The  Twentieth  Century  Practice  of  Medicine 
in  twenty-one  volumes. 

Stedman,  William,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  1765  in  Mas- 
sachusetts. In  1802  he  was  a  representative 
in  the  state  legislature.  In  1803-11  he  was  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
eighth,  ninth,  tenth  and  eleventh  congresses. 
He  died  in  1831  in  Newbnryport.  Mass. 

Steed,  William  M.,  educator,  public  of- 
ficial, was  born  Nov.  10,  1874,  in  Hurricane, 
Ark.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public  .schools  of  Benton.  Ark. ; 
attended  Key's  business  institute  of  Little 
Bock.  Ark. ;  and  studied  in  Hendrix  college 
of  Conway,  Ark.  For  six  years  he  was  a 
teacher  in  the  public  schools.  He  became 
deputy  circuit  clerk  ;  and  for  the  past  four 
years  has  been  clerk  of  the  courts  of  Saline 
county.  Ark.  He  is  now  clerk  of  the  several 
courts  and  recorder  of  Saline  county ;  and 
resides  in  Benton.  Ark. 

Steedman,  Charles,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sept.  24.  1811.  in  Charleston,  S.C.  In 
1828  he  was  appointed  a  midshipman  ;  passed 
through  all  the  grades ;  and  retired  with  the 
rank  of  rear-adniinil.  He  died  Nov.  13,  1890, 
in   Wasliington,  D.C. 

Steedman,  James  Barrett,  pioneer,  sol- 
dier, state  legishilor,  was  born  July  30.  1818. 
in  Nortliumberland  county.  Pa.  In  1843  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Oliio  state  legislature. 
In  1849  he  dossed  the  plains  to  California; 
returned  the  following  year ;  and  during 
I'resident  Buchanan's  administration  was 
l)riiiter  to  congress.  He  served  through  the 
civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  major- 
general.  He  died  Oct.  18.  1883.  in  Toledo, 
Oliio. 

Steel,  George  Alexander,  businessman, 
legislator,  was  born  April  22.  1846,  in  Staf- 
ford, Ohio.  He  is  the  son  of  William  Steel, 
a  prominent  abolitionist  of  Ohio,  and  a  cous- 
in of  Hon.  William  E.  (iladstone.  On  April 
2.  1863,  he  started  for  Portland.  Ore.,  going 
by  the  way  of  New  York.  Aspinwall.  Panama 
and  San  Francisco.  ai»riving  tliere  on  ^lay 
25.  1864.  He  has  been  county  treasurer,  state 
senator,  postmaster  of  Portland  for  two 
terms,  special  agent  of  tlie  postoffice  depart- 
ment, and  has  filh'd  various  other  offices  of 
trust.  He  is  widely  and  favoralily  known 
throughout  Oregon  and  is  now  treasurer  of 
the  state,  having  been  elected  by  a  large  ma- 


HERRIXOSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


323 


piacticinp;   atloruoy 


jority    in    .Tiiiio.    1906,    for    a    term    of    four 
years. 

Steel,  William,  reformer,  abolitionist, 
was  born  Aug.  26.  1809.  in  Scotland.  In  the 
early  days  of  the  anti-slavery  movement  he 
was  the  recosnized  leader  of  the  abolitionists 
in  southeastern  Ohio.  He  was  at  one  time  a 
candidate  of  tlie  liberty  party  for  congress; 
and  in  1844  circulated  in  eastern  Ohio  the 
••groat  petition."  whose  signers  agreed  to  vote 
for  Henry  Clay  if  he  would  emancipate  his 
one  slave.  He  died  Jan.  5.  1881.  in  Portland, 
Ore. 

Steel,      William     A.,      lawyer,     director, 
founder,    was   horn    Oct.    11,    1836.   in    Blair- 
ville.  I'a.    After  receiving  a  preparatory  edu- 
cation he  entered  Jef- 
ferson     academy      at 
Jacksonville.  Pa. ;  and 
afterward     studied    at 
Cumberland.    Md.     In 
1876  he  was  proprietor 
of    the    lavgest    stone 
quarries    in    America, 
He  served  as  mayor  of 
the  city   of  Joliet.   111. 
In  1868  he  esrablished 
the  first  public  library 
and  reading  room.  For 
many  years  he  was  a 
of   Joliet,    111.     He    is    a 
director  of  two  railroad  companies,  two  banks 
and  n  'jas  (•()iiii):uiy. 

Steele,  Charles,  lawyer,  railroad  presi- 
dent, capitalist.  He  is  a  member  of  the  law 
firm  of  J.  T.  Morgan  and  company  of  New 
York  City.  He  was  a  member  of  the  board  of 
I'nited  States  steel  corporations :  and  is  a 
director  of  several  railroad  companies ;  and 
president  and  director  of  the  Buffalo  creek 
railroad  (  ninpnny. 

Steele,  Daniel,  educator,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  5.  1824.  in  Windham, 
N.V.    lie  attended  the  Williraham  academy; 

in  1848  gi-aduated  from 
the  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity. He  has  filled 
pastorates  in  metho- 
<]ist  churches  at  Fitch- 
burg.  Maiden.  Lynn. 
15  OS  ton,  Springfield, 
Salem  and  Reading. 
Mass.  In  1862-71  was 
.1  professor  of  Genesee 
"ollege  of  Lima.  N.Y. ; 
in  1872  became  first 
prcsiilcnt  of  Syracuse 
university  ;  a  n  <1  in 
1884-93  was  professor  of  the  school  of  theol- 
ogy at  the  Boston  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  L'lve  Fnthroned;  Miles  Steam  Pa- 
pers: Half  Hours  with  St.  I'aul ;  A  Substi- 
tute for  Holiness:  .Vntinomianism  Uevived  ; 
and   Hnlf   Hmirs  with   St.  John's   Epistles. 

Steele,  David,  elerfryman,  author,  was 
born  in  1827  in  Ireland.  He  had  been  a  re- 
formed presbyterian  clergynuin  of  Pliiladel- 
pliia  since  1S61.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Times  in  Which  We  Live,  and  the  Ministry 


They  Require  ;  The  Apologetics  of  History  ; 
Endless  Life  the  Inheritance  of  the  Right- 
eous ;  The  Two  Witnesses ;  A  Nation  in 
Tears  :  The  House  of  God's  Glory  ;  Elements 
of  Ministerial  Success;  The  Wants  of  the 
I'ulpit ;  Christ's  Coronation  ;  History  of  the 
Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  in  North 
AmeriMi :  Personal  Religion  :  and  Our  Mar- 
tyred Chief.    He  died  June  15,  1906. 

Steele,  Mrs.  Esther  Baker,  author,  was 
born  in  1835  in  Lysander,  N.Y.  She  married 
Professor  Joel  Dorman  Steele.  In  collabora- 
tion with  her  husband  she  published  Barnes' 
Brief  Histories.  Since  her  husband's  death 
she  has  revised  new  editions  of  these  joint 
works ;  and  also  of  her  husband's  science 
books. 

Steele,  Frederick,  soldier,  was  born  Jan. 
14.  1819,  in  Delhi.  N.Y.  He  served  through 
the  civil  war :  and  attained  the  rank  of  ma- 
jor-general. He  died  Jan.  12.  1868,  in  San 
Mateo.  Cal. 

Steele,  George  McKendree,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  in  1823  in  New 
Y'ork.  He  was  a  methodist  clergyman  and 
educator:  and  principal  of  Wilbraham  acad- 
emy of  Massachusetts.  He  was  the  author 
of  Outline  Study  of  Political  Economy.  He 
died  Jan.  14.  1902.  in  Kenilworth,  111. 

Steele,  George  Washington,  lawyer,  sol- 
dier. tarnrT.  hanker,  governor,  congressman, 
was  born  Dec.  13.  1839,  in  Fayette  count>. 
Ind.  He  served  in  the  civil  war;  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel.  In 
188-2  he  established  the  First  national  bank 
of  .Marion,  Ind.,  and  became  its  presidci.t. 
In  181)0-91  he  was  governor  of  the  territory 
of  Oklahoma.  In  1881-89  and  1895-1903  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  forty-seventh, 
fortv-eiglith.  forty-ninth.  fiftieth,  fifty- 
fourth,  lifty-lifth,"  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-sev- 
enth congresses  as  a  republican. 

Steele,  Isaac  Nevett,  lawyer,  was  born 
1809.  in  Cambridge,  Md.  He  re- 
education in  the  public 
academy  of  Cam- 
bridge; St:  John's  col- 
lege of  Annapolis; 
and  at  Trinity 
college  of  Hartford, 
Conn.  In  1830  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar; 
and  attained  promi- 
nence as  one  of  the 
foicmost  lawyers  in 
America;  and  a  lead- 
er of  the  Maryland 
bar.  He  contribute  1 
valuable  articles  to 
current  literature.  He  died  .\\)v\\  11.  ISDl. 
in    Haltimiirc,    Md. 

Steele,  James,  soldier,  manufacturer,  was 
born  Jan.  1(5,  17<i.),  in  Lancaster  county. 
Pa.  lie  served  in  the  war  of  ISIJ-U;  aiivl 
for  meritorioxis  conduct  was  promoted  'o 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  of  militia.  He 
died  S«-pt.  3(1,   1845.  in   llarrisburg.  Pa. 

Steele,  James  E.,  merchant,  baiiker.  state 
senator,    wa^    bnrn   .hnie   22.    1S.')2.    in   Man- 


Ap 
ceived   a 


thorough 


324 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Chester,  England.  He  is  a  successful  farm- 
er, stockraiser  and  merchant  of  Idaho.  He 
was  president  of  the  Idaho  commission  at 
the  St.  Louis  fair;  and  was  chairman  of 
the  Lewis  and  Clark  exposition  of  Portland. 
He  was  president  of  the  Farmers'  progress 
canal  company  of  Cingham  county,  Idaho; 
president  of  Rigby  bank;  president  of  the 
lona  mercantile  company;  and  a  director 
in  various  other  corporations.  He  has  been 
mayor  of  the  village  of  lona;  and  deputy 
clerk  of  the  seventh  district  court.  In  1903- 
05  he  was  a  representative  in  the  Idaho 
state  legislature;  and  is  now  a  member  of 
the  state  senate. 

Steele,  Joel  Dorman,  educator,  author, 
was  Dorn  May  14,  1830,  in  Lima,  N.Y.  In 
l»()0-7'2  he  was  principal  of  the  Elmira  free 
academy  of  New  York;  and  subsequently 
devoted  his  time  to  the  preparation  of  text 
books.  He  was  the  author  of  Barnes'  His- 
tory of  the  United  States  and  a  series  of 
text-books  on  the  sciences,  each  intended  for 
a  course  of  study  of  fourteen  weeks,  includ- 
ing Natural  Philosophy;  Geclogj-;  Human 
Physiology;  Zoology;  and  Chemistry.  He 
died  May  25,  1880,  in  Elmira,  N.Y. 

Steele,  John,  soldier,  diplomat,  was  born 
in  1755  in  Augusta  county,  Va.  He  was  a 
revolutionary  officer.  For  many  years  he 
was  one  of  the  Virginia  executive  council; 
and  secretary  of  Mississippi  territory  in 
1798-1801.     He  died  about   1805. 

Steele,  John,  agriculturist,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1/64, 
in  Salisbury,  N.C.  He  served  a  number  of 
years  in  tlie  North  Carolina  state  legisla- 
ture; and  part  of  the  time  as  speaker.  In 
1789-93  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  first  and  second  congresses. 
In  180G  he  was  a  commissioner  to  adjust 
the  boundaries  between  the  states  of  North 
and  South  Carolina.  He  was  a  general  of 
the  militia;  held  the  office  of  first  comptrol- 
ler of  the  treasury  under  Presidents  Wash- 
ington and  Adams;  and  in  1814  was  again 
elected  to  the  legislature.  He  died  Aug.  14, 
1815,  in  Salisbury,  N.C. 

Steele,  John,  soldier,  state  senator,  was 
born  Aug.  15,  1758,  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa. 
In  1804  he  was  elected  state  senator;  and  in 
1805  became  speaker  of  that  body.  He  held 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  tlie  Penn- 
sylvania militia.  He  died  Feb.  27,  1827,  in 
Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Steele,  John  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  28,  1814,  in  Delhi, 
N.Y.  In  1841  he  was  appointed  district  at- 
torney of  Otsego  county.  N.Y.  In  1847 
he  moved  to  Kingston;  and  in  1850  he  was 
elected  special  judge  of  that  county.  In 
18C1-65  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
Y'ork  to  the  thirty-seventh  and  thirty-eighth 
congresses.  He  was  accidentally  killed  Sept. 
24,   18(i«,  in  Kingston,  N.Y^ 

Steele,  John  H.,  governor,  was  born  in 
1792  in  North  Carolina.  He  was  tlie  eight- 
eenth governor  of  New  Hampshire  in  1844- 


4G.     He  died  July  3,  1865,  in  Peterborough, 
N.H. 

Steele,  John  N.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Maryland.  He  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1832.  In  1833-37  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Maryland  to  the  twenty-third 
and  twenty-fourth  congresses.  He  died  in 
Vienna,  Md. 

Steele,  Robert  W.,  territorial  governor, 
was  born  in  1820.  He  was  the  first  terri- 
torial governor  of  Colorado.  He  died  Feb. 
7,    1901,   in   Colorado   Springs,   Col. 

Steele,  Robert  Wilbur,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  14,  1857,  in  Lebanon,  Ohio. 
In  1895-1901  he  was  county  judge  of  Arapa- 
hoe county.  Col.  Since  1901  he  has  been 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Colorado; 
and  was  elected  chief  justice  of  that  court 
for   the  term  of   1907-11. 

Steele,  Thomas  Sedgwick,  artist,  author, 
was  born  June  11,  1845,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
He  was  the  author  of  Canoe  and  Camera; 
A  Tour  Through  the  Maine  Forests;  Peddle 
and  Portage;  A  Voyage  to  Viking  Land; 
and  Two  at  a  Cast.  He  died  in  1903  in 
Hartford,   Conn. 

Steele,  Walter  Leak,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  April  18,  1823, 
in  Steele's  Mills,  now  Little's  Mills,  N.C. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina 
state  house  of  commons  in  1846-52  and 
1854-56;  and  to  the  state  senate  in  1852  and 
1858.  In  1877-81  he  was  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  forty-fifth  and 
forty-sixth    congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Steele,  William  G.,  merchant,  banker,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  17,  1820,  in  Som- 
erset count}-,  N.J.  He  was  for  several  years 
ii  state  director  for  the  Delaware  and  Rari- 
lan  canal;  and  the  Camden  and  Ainboy 
railroad  company.  In  1861-65  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirty- 
seventh  and  thirty-eighth  congresses.  He 
(lied   in  New  Jersey. 

Steele,  William  R.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  24,  1824,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  elected  to  the  legisla- 
tive council  of  Wyoming  territory  in  1871. 
in  1873-77  he  was  a  territorial  delegate 
from  Wyoming  to  the  forty-third  and  forty- 
fourth  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Steell,  Willis,  playwright,  author,  was 
born  in  1866  in  Detroit,  Mich.  His  acted 
plays  are  The  Battle  of  the  Strong;  A  Ju- 
liet of  the  People;  and  The  Firm  of  Cun- 
ninghara.  He  is  also  the  author  of  Mortal 
Lips;  Mountains  of  Gold;  The  Death  of  the 
Discoverer;  Senator  Lumley's  Daughter,  a 
book  of  travels;  and  a  book  of  short  plays. 

Steendam,  Jacob,  poet,  was  born  in  1616, 
in  Holland.  He  is  the  earliest  poet  of  New 
York.  He  was  in  the  employ  of  the  Dutch 
West  India  company;  and  lived  in  New 
Amsterdam,  now  New  Y'ork,  in  1650-63, 
about  which  time  he  returned  to  Holland. 
The  place  and  date  of  his  death  are  un- 
known. His  four  small  volumes  of  verse  in- 
clude: The  Thistle  Finch;  The  Complaint  of 


HERRINGSTTAVVS   I.IHRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


325 


New  Amsterdam ;  The  Praise  of  New  Neth- 
erlaiid;  and  Spurring  Verses.  He  died  in 
New  York. 

Steenerson,  Halvor,  lawyer,  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  June  30,  1852,  in 
Dane  county.  Wis.  He  is  a  successful  law- 
yer of  Crookston,  Minn.;  has  been  county 
attorney;  city  attorney,  and  a  member  of 
the  board  of  education.  He  served  as  a 
Minnesota  state  senator  in  1883-85;  and 
in  1884  was  a  member  of  the  National  re- 
l)ublican  convention,  in  1903-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Minnesota  to  the  lifty- 
eighth,  tifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  six- 
ty-second and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a 
republican. 

Steenrod,  Lewis,  congressman,  was  born 
in  \irginia.  in  1839-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  to  the  twenty-sixth, 
twenty-seventh      and        twenty-eighth      con- 


gresses.    He  died  in  Virginia 


Steenstra,  Peter  Henry,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1833,  in 
Netherlands.  He  is  an  episcopal  clergvman 
of  ('aiiil)ridge,  Mass.;  and  professor  of  Old 
Testament  criticism  and  interpretation  in 
the  Episcopal  theological  school  since  1867. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Being  of  God  as 
Unity  and  Trinity. 

Steere,  Joseph  Beal,  agriculturalist,  sci- 
entist, autlior,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1842,  in 
Lenawee  county,  AHch.  He  has  made  num- 
erous trips  in  foreign  countries  collecting 
specimens  for  tlie  Smithsonian  institution. 
He  is  the  author  of  Fifty  New  Species  of 
Piiiiippine   Birds. 

Steere,  Joseph  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
l)orn  May  19,  1852,  in  Addison,  Mich.  He 
received  his  education  in  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  state;  and  graduated  from  the 
university  of  Michigan  with  the  degree  of 
A.B.  He  attained  success  in  the  practice  of 
law  in  the  state  of  Michigan ;  and  has  filled 
various  positions  of  trust  and  honor  at 
Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Mich.  For  the  past  twen- 
ty-four years  he  has  been  circuit  judge  of 
the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  of  Michigan; 
and  lias  contribute;!  e\t(>nsively  to  the  legal 
lore  of  Anieriejin  literature. 

Steere,  Warren  Burlingham,  physician, 
surgeon,  was  born  Dee.  9,  1S;{2.  in  Otsego 
county,  N.Y.     He  received  his  ediication  in 

the  y)ublic  schools; 
attended  the  medical 
department  of  t  h  e 
Michigan  university; 
the  i.cleetic  nu'dical 
college  of  Pililadel- 
phia;  and  the  Col- 
lege of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  of  Keokuk, 
If)wa.  For  fourteen 
y(>ars  he  was  I'niti'd 
States  examining  sur- 
geon ;  was  professor  of 
obstetrics  in  the  med- 
ical department  of  tiie  Drake  university; 
and  for  six  j'ears  was  professor  of  materia 
medica  and  therapeutics  in  the  Iowa  eclec- 


tic medical  college.  He  is  one  of  the  fore- 
most physicians  and  surgeons  of  Iowa  at 
Des  ^loines. 

Steere,  William  Henry  Peck,  soldier,  was 
born  in  llliode  Island.  In  18(;i  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  first  regiment  Rhode  Island  in- 
fantry; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  died  Aug.  25, 
1882. 

Steger,  John  Valentine,  manufacturer, 
founder,  was  born  .March  24,  1854,  in  Ger- 
many. In  1871  he  came  to  the  United 
States;  and  two  years  later  began  the  man- 
ufacture of  pianos  in  Chicago,  111.  He  is 
]n-esident  of  the  Steger  and  sons  piano  man- 
ufacturing company,  with  a  factory  at  Ste- 
t'er  eiii]ili)ying  over  one  thousand  men. 
"^  Steiger,  Ernst,  publisher,  bibliographer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  4,  1832,  in  Saxony. 
He  is  a  bibliographer  and  publisher  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  Der  Nach- 
(Irnck  in  Nordamerika;  Das  Copyright  Law 
in  den  Vereinigten  Staaten;  and  Periodical 
Literature,  a  bibliography. 

Steigers,  William  Corbet,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  Sept.  15,  1847,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  the  eighth  Mis- 
souri regiment  volunteer  infantry;  and 
served  in  the  armies  of  Grant  and  Sherman. 
In  1863  he  was  mustered  out  on  account  of 
physical  disability  contracted  in  the  army. 
In' 1868  he  made'his  first  entrance  into  the 
newspaper  world  in  the  business  depart- 
ment of  the  St.  Louis  Evening  Dispatch; 
and  later  assumed  charge.  In  1872  he  be- 
came advertising  manager  of  the  St.  Louis 
Times;  in  1878  became  advertising  man- 
ager of  the  Evening  Post;  and  subsequently 
of  the  New  York  World. 

Stein,  Evaleen,  artist,  author,  was  born 
in  Lafayette,  Ind.  She  is  a  decorator,  de- 
signer and  illuminator.  She  is  the  author 
of  One  Way  to  the  Woods,  poems;  Among 
the  Trees  Again,  poems;  Troubadour  Tales; 
and  Gabriel  and  the  Hour  Book. 

Stein,  John  Philip,  clergyman,  was  born 
June  11.  1836,  in  Annville.  Pa.  In  1864  he 
entered  the  ministry;  in  1881  became  clerk 
of  the  eastern  synod;  and  was  clerk  of  the 
general  synod  of  the  reformed  church  of  the 
United  S'tates.  Until  1898  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  visitors  of  the  theologi- 
cal seminarv.  He  was  pastor  of  St.  Thomas 
church  of  Reading,  Pa.  He  died  Feb.  3,  1909, 
in  Reading,  Pa. 

Stein,  Robert,  explorer,  linguist,  author, 
was  born  in  1857  in  Prussia.  He  taught 
school  for  awhile  in  the  ITnited  States;  and 
later  received  the  degree  of  M.D.  from 
Georgetown  college.  In  1884  he  entered  the 
United  States  geological  survey;  and  be- 
came translator  of  Gernum,  French.  Italian. 
Danish,  Swedish,  Russian,  Dutch,  Spanish, 
Portuguese  and  other  languages.  In  1897 
he  joined  the  seventh  Peary  arctic  explora- 
tion expedition:  and  in  1899  undertook  the 
exploration  of  Ellesmereland,  spending  two 
years  at  Cape  Sabine.  In  1901  he  spent 
eight  weeks  in  ^Vllale  sound.    The  result  of 


326 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


this  trip  was  a  compilation  of  Eskimo  Vo- 
cabulary;  and  a   collection  of  their  songs. 

Steiner,  Bernard  Christian,  educator, 
lawyer,  librarian,  author,  was  born  Aug.  13, 
1867,  in  Guilford,  Conn.  Since  1892  he  has 
been  librarian  of  the  Enoch  Pratt  free  li- 
brary of  Balitmore,  Md.  Since  IBO-i  he  has 
been  professor  of  history.  He  is  the  author 
of  Education  in  Maryland;  Education  in 
Connecticut;  Citizenship  and  SufTrage  in 
Maryland;  Institutions  and  Civil  Govern- 
ment of  Maryland ;  Life  and  Corresjiondence 
of  James  jMcHenry ;  and  Genealogy  of  the 
Steiner  Family. 

Steiner,  Edward  A.,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  1,  18GG  in  X'ienna, 
Austria.  Since  1903  he  has  been  professor 
of  applied  Christianity  at  Iowa  college.  He 
is  the  author  of  Tolstoy,  the  Man ;  On  the 
Trail  of  the  Ininiigrant;   and  The  Mediator. 

Steiner,  John  Alexander,  manufacturer, 
soldier,  journalist,  legislator,  was  born 
March  16,  1816.  He  served  during  the  civil 
war  as  major  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  the 
first  regiment  Potomac  home  brigade;  and 
in  1866  was  brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Maryland  house  of  delegates;  was 
editor  of  the  Frederick  Examiner;  and  was 
ins]iector  of  customs  at  P)alt!more,  Md. 

Steiner,  Lewis  Henry,  physician,  educator, 
state  senator,  author,  was  born  May  4,  1827, 
in  Frederick.  Md.  He  was  chief  inspector 
in  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  of  United 
States  sanitary  commission;  and  was  state, 
senator  for  twelve  years  from  Frederick 
county,  Md.  He  was  the  first  librarian  of 
the  Enoch  Pratt  free  library  of  Baltimore. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  number  of  scientific 
and  medical  works.  He  died  Feb.  18,  1892, 
in   P.altiniore,  'Sid. 

Steiner,  Walter  Ralph,  educator,  physi- 
cian, ])atliologist,  was  born  Nov.  18,  1870, 
in  Frederick  City,  Md.  He  received  the  de- 
grees of  A.B.  and  A.M.  from  Yale  univer- 
sity ;  and  the  degree  of  M.D.  from  the  Johns 
Hopkins  university.  In  1901-12  he  was 
pathologist  and  bacteriologist  to  the  Hart- 
ford hospital;  and  since  1913  has  been  con- 
sulting pathologist  and  bacteriologist  to 
that  institution.  Since  1912  he  has  also 
been  secretary  of  the  congress  of  American 
physicians  and  surgeons. 

Steinhart,  Frank  Maxmillian,  soldier,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  May  12,  1864,  in  jNIunich, 
Germany.  He  read  law  for  four  years  and 
studied  foreign  languages.  In  1882-89  he 
served  as  private,  corporal  and  sergeant 
in  the  United  Slates  army;  and  served  as 
assistant  chief  clerk  under  Generals  Scho- 
fiold.  Cook,  Terry,  Miles,  Ruger,  Merritt 
and  Brooke;  and  in  1868  was  ap]>ointed 
chief  clerk  of  the  first  army  corps.  Ho  has 
seen  service  in  Porto  Rico  and  Cuba;  and 
in  1903-07  was  American  consul-general  at 
Havana. 

Steinmetz,  Charles  Proteus,  electrician, 
author,  was  born  April  9,  1865,  in  Germany. 


He  was  educated  in  Germany  and  Switzer- 
land; and  took  special 
studies  in  mathema- 
tics, electrical  engi 
neering  and  chemis- 
try. He  is  professor 
of  electrical  engineer- 
ing at  the  Union  uni- 
versity of  Schnectady, 
N.Y. ;  and  is  an  elec- 
trician and  consulting 
engineer  for  the  Gen- 
eral electric  company 
of  that  city.  He  is  the 
author  of  Theory  and 
Calculation  of  Alternating  Current  Phenom- 
ena; Theolectrical;  Elements  of  Electrical 
Engineering;  also,  sundry  mathematical  pa- 
pers and  investigations,  numerous  papers  on 
theoretical  experiences  and  investigations  in 
electrical   engineering. 

Steinway,  Albert,  soldier,  Avas  born  June 
10,  1840,  in  Germany.  Early  in  the  civil 
war  he  was  advanced  to  the  colonelcy  of 
(he  sixth  regiment  of  New  York  volunteers; 
and  later  became  brigadier-general.  He  died 
May  14,  1877,  in  New  York  City. 

Steinway,  C.  F.  Theodore,  merchant,  man- 
ufacturer, inventoi-,  was  born  Nov.  6,  1825, 
in  (iermany.     He  came  to  America  in  1849 

with  his  father,  set- 
tling in  New  York. 
They  were  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of 
pianos;  and  in  1859 
moved  to  Brunswick, 
N.J.,  where  he  built 
u}>  a  large  business, 
the  reputation  of 
which  extended  over 
all  central  Europe.  In 
1865  he  moved  his 
family  to  New  York 
to  be  near  his  father. 
In  1866  the  firm  erected  Steinway  hall.  He 
invented  many  a|i])liances  for  pianos;  and 
in  186()-89  obtained  thirty-four  patents.  In 
1872  thej^  erected  their  own  foundry  in  As- 
toria, N.Y.  He  invented  the  duplex  scale, 
(he  repetition  action,  the  new  steel  frame 
construction  in  grand  pianos,  and  the  sound- 
board. He  died  March  26,  1SS9,  in  Ger- 
many. 

Steinway,  Charles  Herman,  merchant, 
manufacinrer.  was  born  June  3,  1857.  He 
is  president  of  Steinway  and  sons,  piano 
manufacturers  of  New  York  City. 

Stejneger,  Leonhard,  naturalist,  author, 
was  born  Get.  30,  1851,  in  Norway.  He  is 
curaior  of  reptiles  in  the  United  States  na- 
tiomxl  museum.  He  is  the  author  of  Re- 
port on  the  Asiatic  Fur  Seal  Islands  and 
P'ur  Seal  Industry;  The  Origin  of  So-called 
Atlanlic  Animals  and  Plants  of  Western 
Norway;   and  ITerpetology  of  Japan. 

Steinway,  Henry  Engelhard,  soldier,  nnin- 
ufacturer,  inventor,  was  born  Feb,  15,  1797, 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


32 


in  North  German^' 


lie  had  a  natural  fond- 
ness for  nuisio  and  his 
niiisieal  nu'mory  was 
p  h  e  n  o  ni  e  n  a  1  . 
lie  served  in  the  (.Jer- 
nian  army  and  was 
ollered  tlie  post  of 
sergeant.  He  eanie  to 
America  in  1849,  and 
in  1853  founded  the 
liouse  of  Stein  way  & 
sons  in  New  York 
City.  They  also  own 
large  warerooms;  and 
in  ISOG  hiiilt  Stein- 
way  iiall.  In  181)8-9.3  Sleinway  and  sons 
perfected  a  series  of  most  important  inven- 
tions in  the  building  of  pianos.  They  re- 
ceived a  great  many  prizes.  He  died  Feb.  7, 
1S71.  in  New   York   City. 

Steinway,    William,    ])iano    manufacturer, 
and    ])resident    of    Steinway    and    sons,    was 
lioni  Marcli  .j.   ]S;!().  near  the  City  of  Bruns- 
wick.     Germany.      In 
•    -  18.").'}     he     joined     his 

father   and   his   broth- 
ers in  the  founding  of 
/  sA  the  house  of  Steinway 

^^^H^      W  and, sons.      With    four 

^V  ^^      '^  or    live    workmen,    the 

^^^  Steinways     built     one 

■^^k  scjuare  piano   a  week; 

'^MHL  and    today    tiiey    own 

^ij^^  and  operate   the   larg- 

^^^kT    ^^^^    I'f^t    piano    factory    in 
_^^|^^^  ^^^HH     the 

manufactured  o  v  e  r 
one  hundred  tiiousand  jjianos  since  tliey  hrsi 
entered  the  business  in  America.  William 
Steinway  has  taken  an  active  part  in  the 
public  atlairs  of  New  York  City;  was  a 
democratic  elector  in  1892;  and  the  fol- 
lowing year  was  president  of  the  electoral 
college.  He  died  Nov.  30,  189(),  in  New 
York  City. 

Stellhorn,  Frederick  William,  i(l\icator, 
autlior,  was  born  Oct.  2.  1S41,  in  (iermany. 
Since  1881  he  has  been  professor  of  theology 
and  (Jeniian:  ami  in  1894-19()()  was  ])resi- 
deiit  ;  and  since  1903  has  l)een  dean  of  the 
llieological  faculty  of  Cai>ital  university  of 
Cohnnbus,  Ohict.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Krror  of  Modern  Missouri:  The  K|)istle  of 
St.  Paul  to  the  rtomans  TSriefly  Fxplaineil; 
and   seveial    \\ork>    in    (!erman. 

Slelwagon,  Henry  Weightman,  pliysician, 
surii/nn,  aullioi'.  was  born  l);c.  3.  18.")3.  in 
I'liilad.dph  a.  I'a.  In  1872  he  grad\iated 
troiM  tlir-  Andalusia  colh'ge  of  Pennsylvania 
with  the  degree  of  H.S. ;  and  in  187")  grad- 
uated from  tbe  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  received  the  degrees  of 
M.I),  and  Ph.D.  In  187<)-77  was  a 
resident  i)hysi(ian  of  the  Philadidpliia  hos- 
pital: and  in  187<>-78  was  a  student  in  hos- 
pitals of  Vienna  and  Berlin.  In  18S0-!)0  lie 
was  physician  in  charge  of  the  Philadelphia 
dispensary  of  skin  diseases;    in    l.S.S.')-90  was 


an  instructor  of  dermatology  in  tne  univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania;  since  1888  has  been 
dermatologist  to  the  Pennsylvania  hospital, 
and  is  also  dermatologist  to  the  New  Y'ork 
dispensary  and  to  the  Howard  hospital.  In 
1888-1907'  was  clinical  professor  of  derma- 
(oloiiv  in  the  Women's  medical  college  of 
Phihi.lelphia;  and  since  1890  has  filled  that 
chair  in  the  Jell'erson  medical  college.  He 
is  the  author  of  Essentials  of  the  Diseases 
of  the  Skin ;  and  Treatise  on  Diseases  of  the 
Skin. 

Stelzle,  Charles,  sociologist,  author,  was 
born  June  4,  1869,  in  New  York.  In  1900 
he  was  ordained  to  the  presbyteriau  minis- 
try ;  and  since  1903  has  been  superintendent 
of*  the  dei)artment  of  church  and  labor  in  the 
presbyteriau  church  of  the  I'liited  Stales.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Workingman  and  Social 
Problems ;  and  Christianity's  Storm  Center, 
Study  of  the  Modern  City. 

Stembel,^  Roger  Nelson,  naval  olTicer,  was 
born  Dec.  27.  1810,  in  Middletown,  Md.  He 
co-operated  with  tlie  army  in  suppressing  the 

rising  of  the  Semi- 
nole Indians  in  Flor- 
ida in  1836 :  and  did 
brilliant  service  in  the 
Mexican  w-ar  of  1846. 
In  the  civil  war  he 
was  instrumental  in 
organizing  the  union 
guul)()at  flotilla  on  the 
western  waters,  and 
was  in  command  of 
the  gunboat  Lexing- 
ton at  the  battle  of 
Belmont.  lie  assisted 
i"  the  capture  of  Fort  Henry,  commanding 
llie  gunl'oat  Cincinnati,  where  he  had  the 
honor  of  receiving  the  surrender  of  the  fort, 
and  of  hoisting  Old  Glory  for  the  first  time 
over  southern  territory.  He  was  placed  on 
the  retired  list  as  rear-admiral  United  States 
navv.  lie  died  Nov.  20.  1900.  in  New  York 
City. 

Stengel,  Alfred,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  3.  1868.  in  Piltsburgh.  Pa.  He  is 
a  successful  i)li.vsi(ian  of  Pliiladeli)hia,  Pa. 
He  is  till'  aullior  of  A  'I'extbook  of  Path- 
ology. 

Stenger,  William  S.,  lawyer,  journalist, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1840,  in  Lon- 
don, Pa.  lie  servetl  as  district  attorney  for 
Franklin  connly.  Pa.  In  1875-79  he  was  a 
rejiresentative  from  Pennsyhania  (o  the  for- 
t.v-fonrtli  artd  forly-lifth  coirtrresses  as  a 
(lemocral. 

Stenzel,  Lula  Vinette,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1872,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
She  is  the  author  of  Breta's  Double,  under 
th(>  pen  name  of  Helen  V.  Greyson  ;  and  The 
Darkw  onil  'Prai^edy. 

Stephen,  Adam,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1730  in  X'irginia.  He  was  made  a  brigadier- 
•zeneral  in  1771!:  and  in  1777  was  i)romoted 
ma.jor-i'eneral.    He  died   in   \'iiuinia. 

Stephen,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Willison,  author, 
was    boiii    in    IS.j'i    in    .Mabania.     She    is    the 


328 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


wife  of  a  presbyteriau  clergyman  in  Rock- 
port.  111.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Confes- 
sions of  Two,  a  novel. 

Stephens,  Abraham  P.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1851-53  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
second  congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Stephens,  Alexander  Hamilton,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  governor,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  11,  1812,  in  Crawfords- 
ville,  Ga.  In  1836-41  he  was  a  member  of 
the  lower  house  of  the  Georgia  state  legisla- 
ture;  and  in  1842  was  elected  to  the  senate 
of  his  state.  In  1843-59  and  1873-83  he  was 
a  representative  from  Georgia  to  the  twenty- 
eighth  to  the  thirty-fifth  and  the  forty-third 
to  the  forty-seventli  congresses.  He  became 
identified  with  the  rebellion  of  1861 ;  and  was 
chosen  vice-president  and  member  of  con- 
gress of  the  southern  confederacy.  In  1866 
he  was  elected  United  States  senator ;  but 
was  not  admitted.  In  1882-83  he  was  the 
thirtieth  governor  of  Georgia.  He  was  the 
author  of  School  History  of  the  United 
States ;  History,  of  the  War  Between  the 
States ;  and  Compendium  of  United  States 
Historv.  He  died  March  4,  1883,  in  Atlanta, 
Ga. 

Stephens,  Mrs.  Alice  Barber,  illustrator, 
painter,  artist,  was  born  in  1858  near  Salem, 
N.J.  She  studied  in  Paris ;  and  for  many 
years  she  was  engaged  in  wood  engraving 
and  as  an  illustrator  for  Harper's  Century 
and  other  leading  magazines.  For  three 
years  she  taught  portrait  and  life  classes  in 
the  Pliiladclphia  school  of  design  for  women. 

Stephens,  Mrs.  Ann  Sophia,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1813  in  Derby,  Conn.  She  was 
the  author  of  Fashion  and  Famine  ;  A  Story 
of  Western  Life  ;  The  Old  Homestead  ;  Myra, 
the  Child  of  Adoption  ;  The  Heiress  ;  Wives 
and  Widows ;  The  Curse  of  Gold ;  and  A 
Popular  History  of  the  United  States.  Her 
best  known  poem  is  Polish  Boy.  She  died 
Aug.  20.  1886,  in   Newport,  R.I. 

Stephens,  Charles  Asbury,  author,  was 
born  in  1847  in  Norway  Lake.  INIaine.  He  is 
a  writer  of  Norway  Lake,  Maine.  He  is  the 
author  of  Camping  Out;  Off  the  Geysers; 
Left  on  Labrador :  Fox  Hunting ;  On  the 
Amazon ;  The  Young  Moose-Hunters ;  and 
The  Knockabout  Club  in  the  Woods  and  in 
the  Tropics. 

Step!  ens,  Dan  Vorhees,  congressman,  was 
Ixnn  Nov.  4.  1868.  in  Indiana.  He  served  two 
terms  as  county  superintendent,  of  schools  ; 
and  is  the  author  of  two  books  on  educa- 
tion. In  1911-15  lie  was  a  representative 
from  N(>braska  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third   congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Stephens,  David  Steubert,  soldier,  edu- 
cator, cler.:;yman,  college  president,  was  born 
May  12.  1847,  in  Springfield,  Ohio.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war  in  the  hundred  and 
thirty-fourth  regiment  Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try. In  1881-88  he  was  president  of  Adrian 
college  of  Michigan  ;  and  in  1888-96  he  was 
editor  of  the  INIethodist  Recorder  of  Pitt.-:- 
hnr^h.   Pa.     In   1906-07  he  was  chairman   of 


the  general  council  of  congregational  united 
brethren  and  methodist  protestant  churches. 
Since  1896  has  been  chancellor  of  the  Kan- 
sas City  university,  of  Kansas. 

Stephens,  Harriet  Marion,  author,  Avas 
born  in  1823.  She  was  the  author  of  Home 
Scenes  and  Home  Sounds ;  and  Hagar  the 
IMartyr,  a  novel.  She  died  in  1858  in  East 
Hampden,  INIaine. 

Stephens,  Henry  Louis,  book-illustrator, 
artist,  was  born  Feb.  11,  1824,  in  Philadel- 
phia. He  was  well  known  as  a  caricaturist, 
excelling  especially  in  the  humorous  delinea- 
tion of  animals;  and  drew  cartoons  and 
sketches  for  Vanity  Fair;  Mrs.  Grundy; 
Punchinello  ;  and  other  periodicals.  He  died 
Dec.  13.  1882,  in  Bayonne,  N.J. 

Stephens,  Henry  Morse,  educator,  his- 
torian, autlior,  was  born  ()<t.  3.  1857,  in 
Edinburgh,  Scotland.  Since  1902  he  has  been 
professor  of  history  at  the  university  of  Cali- 
fornia. He  is  the  author  of  History  of  the 
French  Revolntion  ;  The  Story  of  Portugal ; 
and  Revolutionary  Europe. 

Stephens,  Hubert  Durrett,  congressman, 
was  born  -July  2,  1875,  in  New  Albany. 
I'nion  county,  Miss.  In  1911-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Mississippi  to  the  sixty- 
second   and   sixty-third   congresses. 

Stephens,  John  Hall,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Dec.  22,  1847,  in 
Shelby    county,    Texas.      He    graduated    in 

1872  from  the  law  dc- 
jiartnu'ut  of  Cumber- 
land luiiversity  of  Le- 
banon, Tenn. ;  and 
has  practiced  law 
since!  at  Montague, 
Montague  county,  and 
V  e  r  n  o  n,  Wilbarger 
lounty,  Tex.  He 
served  as  state  sena- 
tor in  the  twenty-first 
and  twenty-second  leg- 
islatures of  Texas; 
and  in  1897-1915  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fiftj'-fifth,  fifty- 
sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Stephens,  Jefferson  Davis,  soldier,  pub- 
lislu'i-.  statesman,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1871,  in 
Bascom,  Fla.  He  received  his  education  in 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  state;  then 
for  a  short  time  was  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile business;  and  has  attained  success 
ill  the  practice  of  law.  For  awhile  he  was 
engaged  in  farming;  then  taught  school; 
andM)esides  attaining  j)rominence  as  a  law- 
yer, he  is  also  a  clerg^nnan  of  the  baptist 
church.  In  1905  lu;  was  a  representative 
in  tlie  Florida  state  legislature;  and  has 
filled  various  positions  of  trust  and  honor. 
At  one  time  editor  and  jmblisher  of  Tiie 
Marianna  News.  In  19()(;  he  was  a  candi- 
date for  congri'ss.  Since  1904  he  has  been 
colonel  and  aide-de-cani])  on  the  governor's 
staff.  Florida  national  guard;  and  resides 
in   Marianna,   Fla. 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


329 


Stephens,  John  Phares,  farmer,  clergy- 
man, legishitor,  author,  was  born  Sv\A.  28, 
1830.    near    Manila.    Ind.      In    18130    he    was 

,    ordained    a   pastor   of 

I  the      baptist      cliurch, 

and     has     since     filh-d 
important     pastorates 
V  in    Ohio   and    Kansas; 

J!N   It         and    is    now    filling   a 
pastorate   in    the   bap- 
tist  church   at    WcUs- 
'  villo.    Kan.      In    1891 

^    he     served     with     dis- 
^^^    tinction    as    a    repre- 
^^^^hj^l^. ^^^H    scntative  in  the   Kan- 
j^^^^^^P'^^^H    sas 

bcr  of  tiie  Farniers'  alliance,  and  is  the  au- 
thor of  several  works. 

•  Stephens,  John  Vant,  educator,  clergy- 
man, was  born  Sept.  10,  1857,  in  St.  Louis, 
.Mo.  He  was  a  student  of  Crawfordsville, 
Ind.;  graduated  from  Lincoln  college  of  Il- 
linois as  A.B.  and  graduated  from  the  Le- 
banon seminary  as  B.D.  He  received  the 
honorary  degree  of  D.D.  from  Trinity  uni- 
versity of  Texas;  and  also  studied  in  the 
I'nion  seminary  of  New  York  City.  He  has 
filled  pastorates  in  pres))yterian  churches 
of  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and  Bowling  Green,  Ky. 
He  was  corresponding  secretary  of  the  Cum- 
berland presbyterian  board  of  missions  of 
Nt.  Louis.  Mo.  For  fifteen  years  he  has 
been  professor  of  history  in  the  Presbyter- 
ian theological  seminary  at  Lebanon,  Tenn. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  World's  parliament 
of  religions  held  in  Chicago  in  lS!):i;  and 
is  a  member  of  the  alliance  of  tlie  ri'form- 
ing  churches  throughout  the  world,  holding 
the   presbyterian   system. 

Stephens,  Kate,  educator,  editor,  author, 
was  lioin  in  Moravia,  X.V.  For  six  years 
she  was  professor  of  (ireek  at  the  university 
to  Kansas.  She  is  the  author  of  American 
riiumlt- Prints;  Mettle  of  Our  Men  and 
Wiiiiicii;   anil   .\   Woman's  Heart. 

Stephens,  Lawrence  Vest,  journalist, 
banker,  governor,  was  born  Dec.  21,  1858,  m 
Boonville.  Mo.  He  is  a  j)rmter  by  profes- 
sion; and  became  proprietor  of  tlie  Boon- 
ville Advertiser.  Tie  became  |)residcnt  of 
the  Cenlral  national  bank  of  I'xionville.  Mo. 
in  1880-97  he  was  state  treasurer  of  Mis- 
souri; and  in  1807-1001  was  governor  of  the 
-late  of  Missonri. 

Stephens,  Linton,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
>tate  legi-'latoi.  was  imrii  July  1,  1823,  in 
Crawfordsville,  (Ja.  He  represented  the 
counties  of  Taliaferro  and  Hancock  in  the 
lcgslalur<'  for  several  years.  In  1858  he 
was  ai)pointed  to  a  vacancy  in  tin-  sti|)reme 
court  of  (Jeorgia;  and  his  decisions,  con- 
tained in  thn-e  volumes  of  the  Georgia  Re- 
ports, are  characterized  by  their  precision. 
pers](icuitv  and  jiower  of  logic.  lie  died 
July    14.    1872.   in   Sparta.   Ca. 

Stephens,  Lon  V.,  lawyer,  journalist, 
banker,  governor,  was  born  Dec.  21,  1858,  in 
Boonville,    Mo.       He    learned    the    printer's 


trade;  was  for  a  time  a  bank  clerk,  then 
telegraph  operator,  and  then  lawyer;  and 
finally  became  president  of  the  Bank  of 
Boonville,  Mo.  In  1897-1901  he^was  gov- 
ernor of  ^lissouri. 

Stephens,  Martin  Bates,  educator,  pub- 
lic ollicial.  was  born  Oct.  5,  1802,  in  Caro- 
line county.  Md.  He  was  educated  at  the 
(ireensboro  academy;  and  at  the  Dickinson 
college  of  Carlisle,  Pa.  For  fourteen  years 
in  1880-1900,  he  was  county  superintendent 
of  schools  for  Caroline  county,  JId. ;  and 
has  filled  various  other  jiositions  of  trust 
and  honor.  Since  1900  he  has  been  state  su- 
perintendent of  education  for  Maryland, 
and  is  now  serving  the  term  ending  in 
1910. 

Stephens,  Philander,  congressman  was 
born  in  17SS  in  Montros(>.  Pa.  Tn  1829-33 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  twenty-first  and  twenty-second  con- 
gresses. He  died  Julv  8.  1842,  in  Spring- 
lield.  Pa. 

Stephens,  Robert  Neilson,  journalist, 
dramatist,  author,  was  born  July  22,  1807, 
in  New  Bloom  field.  Pa.  In  1893  he  became 
theatrical  agent  and  dramatist  in  New  York 
City.  He  wrote  the  Steve  Brodie  melodra- 
ma. On  the  Bowery.  He  later  wrote  An 
Enemy  to  the  King,  produced  by  E.  H.  Soth- 
ern  in  1890:  and  The  Ragged  Regiment, 
produced  in  1898.  ?le  was  the  author  of 
An  Enemy  to  the  King;  The  Continental 
Dragoon:  The  Road'to  Paris;  A  Gentleman 
and  Player;  Philip  Winwood;  and  Captain 
Ravenshaw.  He  died  in  1900  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Stephens,  Mrs.  Susan  Pierce,  litterateur, 
author.  She  was  the  author  of  I  Am  the 
King;  The  Eagle's  Talons;  and  The  Sign 
of  Triumph.  She  died  in  1909  in  Little 
Rock.    .\rk. 

Stephens,  Thomas,  author.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Castle  Builder,  or  the  His- 
torv  of  \A'illiam  Stejihens,  of  the  Isle  of 
Wight. 

Stephens,  Uriah  S.,  founder,  was  born 
Amu'.  3.  1821.  near  Cape  May.  N.J.  He  was 
one  of  the  f<mnders  of  the  order  of  the 
kniL'hts  of  labor.    lie  died  Feb.  13,  1882. 

Stephens,  William,  cidonial  governor,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  22.  1671.  in  Eunland. 
He  was  colonial  troverimr  of  Georgia  in 
1743-51.  Up  was  the  author  of  Journal  of 
the  Proeeedinjrs  in  Georgia.  lie  died  in 
August.  1753.  in  Georijia. 

Stephens,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  a  citizen  of  (Jenr^ia.  In  1801  he  was 
a])pointed  jndue  of  the  I'nited  States  district 
court  for  the  district  of  Georgia.  lie  died 
in   Georiria. 

Stephens,  William  Dennison,  congressman, 
was  hi.rn  Dec.  26.  1859.  in  Eaton.  O.  In 
190y  ho  was  mayor  of  Los  .VukcIcs.  Cal. :  and 
since  1903  has  l)oen  major  in  the  California 
national  Kuard.  In  1911-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  California  to  the  sixty-second 
and  sixty-third  congresses. 


330 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Stephenson,  Benjamin,  soldier,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Kentucky.  lie  was  an  offi- 
cer in  the  war  of  1812.  In  1813-17  he  was  a 
territorial  delegate  from  Illinois  to  the  thir- 
teenth and  fourteenth  congresses ;  and  was 
then  appointed  receiver  of  public  moneys  at 
Edwardsville,  111.  He  died  in  Edwardsville, 
111. 

Stephenson,  Henry  Thew,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1870  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
In  1895-1900  he  was  instructor,  and  since 
1900  has  been  assistant  professor  of  English 
at  the  Indiana  university.  He  is  the  author 
of  the  Fickle  Wheel ;  and  other  books. 

Stephenson,  Isaac,  lumberman,  farmer, 
banker,  congressman.  United  States  senator, 
was  born  June  12,  1829,  in  Fredericton,  N. 
B.,  Canada.  In  1845  he  moved  to  Wisconsin  ; 
and  for  twelve  years  was  engaged  in  the  lum- 
ber trade  at  Escauaba,  Mich.  In  1866-68  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin  state  legis- 
lature. In  1883-89  he  was  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  to  the  forty-eighth,  forty- 
ninth,  and  fiftieth  congresses  as  a  republican. 
In  1907  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
senate  to  fill  a  vacancy  for  the  terms  ending 
in  1915. 

Stephension,  James,  soldier,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  March  20,  1764, 
in  Gettysburg,  Fa.  He  commanded  a  com- 
pany in  the  campaign  of  General  St.  Clair ; 
was  present  at  the  quelling  of  the  whisky 
insurrection  in  Pennsylvania  ;  and  was  pro- 
moted to  the  office  of  brigade  inspector.  He 
served  for  many  years  as  a  delegate  to  lhe 
Virginia  assembly.  In  1803-05,  1809-11  and 
1821-25  he  was  a  representative  from  Vir- 
ginia to  the  eighth,  eleventh,  seventeen  and 
eighteenth  congresses.  He  died  Aug.  7,  1833, 
in  Martinsburg,  Va. 

Stephenson,  James  S.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  York  county.  I'a.  In  1825-29  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
nineteenth  and  twentieth  congresses.  He  died 
Oct.  17,  1831,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Stephenson,  Luther,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  Api-il  25.  1830,  in  Hingham,  Mass.  In 
1861  he  was  a  captain  in  the  fourth  regiment 

Massachusetts  militia 
and  was  transferred  to 
the  thirty-second  reg- 
iment Massachusetts 
infantry.  In  1862  he 
was  promoted  major 
and  later  the  same 
year  was  promoted 
lieutenant-colonel.  He 
was  brevetted  colonel 
and  brigadier-general 
by  order  of  Gen.  U.  S. 
Grant  for  bravery  and 
exemplary  conduct  in 
the  campaign  against  Kichmond,  Va.  He 
partii'ipated  in  the  second  battle  of  Bull  lUin 
at  Sheppardstown  Ford,  at  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg.  Rappahannock 
Station,  the  battle  of  the  wilderness,  Spntt- 
syhania.  in  front  of  Petersburg,  and  other 
battles  of  the  civil  war.    He  resigned  in  1864. 


He  is  chief  of  the  Massachusetts  state  de- 
tection force  ;  president  of  the  John  A.  An- 
drews monuments  association ;  governor  of 
the  eastern  branch  of  the  national  home  for 
disabled  volunteer  soldiers  ;  a  member  of  the 
loyal  legion  ;  and  a  member  of  the  sons  of 
the  American  revolution.  He  has  composed  a 
number  of  patriotic  songs  ;  and  is  the  author 
of  The  Struggle  for  the  Union ;  and  In 
Colonial  Days. 

Stephenson,  John,  car-builder,  was  born 
July  4,  1809,  in  Ireland.  In  1832  he  con- 
structed the  first  street  cars  that  were  run 
in  New  York  City  for  the  newly  organized 
New  Y'ork  and  Harlem  railroad.  His  indus- 
try caused  him  name  to  be  known  in  nearly 
every  part  of  the  civilized  world.  He  was 
very  generally  known  as  Honest  John  Ste- 
phenson. He  died  July  31,  1893,  in  New 
Poclielle.    N.Y. 

Stephenson,  M.  L.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1872 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Arkansas. 

Stephenson,  Nathaniel,  educator,  author, 
was  born  July  10.  1867,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
Since  1902  he  has  been  professor  of  history 
at  the  college  of  Charleston,  S.C.  He  is  the 
author  of  They  That  Took  the  Sword;  The 
Beautiful  Mrs.  Moulton  ;  and  Eleanor  Day- 
ton. 

Stephenson,  Samuel  M.,  agriculturist,  mer- 
chant, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1831  in  New  Brunswick.  He  was  chair- 
man of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Menom- 
inee county  for  several  years ;  was  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  Michigan  state  legislature  in 
1877-78  ;  and  a  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1879-80  and  1885-86.  In  1889-97  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fifty-first,  fifty-second, 
fifty-third  and  fifty-fourth  congresses  as  a 
republican. 

Steptoe,  Edward  J.,  governor.  In  1854- 
57   lu-  was  territorial  governor  of  Utah. 

Sterigere,  John  B.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Upper  Dublin.  Pa.  In  1827-31  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
twentieth  and  twenty-first  congresses.  He 
died    in    Moiitgoniery   county.    Pa. 

Stephenson,  William  Worth,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator, was  born  Oct.  24,  1857,  in  Madison 
county,  N.Y.  He  received  a  thorough  edu- 
cation in  the  Daugh- 
ters college,  Kentucky 
universit)^  and  the 
Bethany  college  of 
West  Virginia,  from 
wliich  latter  institu- 
tion he  received  the 
degrees  of  A.B.  and 
A.M.  In  1879-80  he 
was  principal  of  the 
Ilarrodsburg  a  c  a  d- 
emy.  In  1881  he  was 
admitted  1o  the  bar; 
and  has  given  his 
(iiief  attention  to  the  i)ractice  of  law,  and 
is  now  one  of  the  f(n-cmost  lawyers  of  the 
south  at  Ilarrodsburg.  In  ISS!)  he  was 
elected    a    member    of    the    Kentucky    slate 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


331 


legislature;  re-elected  in  1891  and  served 
in  the  Um<^  session  of  lS!)l-i):3  as  a  ineniher 
of  the  judiciary  and  other  conunittees.  In 
1893  he  was  elected  to  the  state  senate  and 
served  in  the  sessions  of  1894,  18915  and 
1897,  and  took  an  active  part  in  the  delib- 
erations of  those  assemblies.  In  1890  lie 
was  a  delegate  to  the  convention  of  national 
democrats  at  Indianapolis;  and  has  always 
taken  a  deep  interest  in  i)olitical  all'airs. 

Sterling,  Ada,  editor,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  25,  1870,  near  llolyoke,  Mass.  In  1898- 
1904,  and  since  1907  she  was  associate  edi- 
tor of  Harper's  Bazaar  of  New  York  Citj'. 
She  is  the  autlior  of  A  Belle  of  the  Fifties; 
and  A   Lucky  Man,  a  drama. 

Sterling,  Ansel,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  hontlon  county,  Conn.  In  1821-25  he 
was  a  representative  from  Connecticut  to 
the  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  congresses, 
lie   died   in   Connecticut. 

Sterling,  John  A.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  1.  1857,  in  Le  Roy.  111.  In 
1881  he  graduated  from  the  Illinois  Wes- 
leyan  university;  and  in  1887  received  the 
degree  of  A.M.  from  that  institution.  In 
1884  he  was  admitted  to  the  Illinois  bar. 
In  1892-90  he  was  state's  attorney  of  Mc- 
Lean county.  111.;  and  in  1896-98  was  a 
niemluT  of  the  republican  state  connnittee. 
in  1903-09  he  was  a  rejjresentative  from 
Illinois  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth  and 
sixtieth   congresses  as  a  republican. 

Sterling,  Micah,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1781,  in  Lyme,  Conn.  He 
was  for  some  j'ears  a  member  of  the  New 
York  legislature.  In  1821-23  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  seventeenth  congress. 
He  die<l  Ai)ril  10,  1844,  in  Watertown,  N.Y. 
Sterling,  Richard,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  lSi2  in  Ireland.  He  prepared  a 
series  of  school  readers  and  spelling  books 
that  came  into  general  use  tlirougliout  the 
southern  and  southwestern  states.  In  1873 
he  opciu'd  a  boarding  school  in  Evaiisvilie, 
ind.:  and  in  1875  removed  to  Miieksx  ille, 
N.C,  where  he  kept  a  similar  school,  until 
1880.  He  was  superintendent  of  the  public 
schools  of  tlie  county  in  1880.  He  died  Oct. 
.3.    1S83.    in    MocUsv'ille,    N.C. 

Stern,  Simon  Adler,  banker,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  8.  1S3S.  in  IMiiladelphia.  Pii.  He 
was  treasurer  of  the  linance  eonii);niy  of 
I'ennsylvania.  lie  was  Ihe  author  of  .fot- 
tings  of  Travel  in  Ciiina  and  .Japan.  lie 
died   in    I9(»l    in    I'hiladeliihia,    Pa. 

Sterling,  Thomas,  I'nitecl  States  senator 
from  Soutii  Dakota,  was  i)orn  JM-b.  21.  1S51. 
near  Amanda.  Ohio.  lie  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention; 
and  a  im-iidier  of  the  South  Dakota  stale 
si'uate.  In  1S13-I9  he  was  elected  a  member 
of   Ihe    I'nited    States   senate. 

Stern,  Leopold,  banker,  was  horn  in  Oer- 
niany.  lb'  is  >eiiinr  member  of  the  lirm  of 
Stern   brothers   and   company  of  New   York 


City.  He  has  been  commissioner  of  the 
state  of  New  York;  aiul  was  a  state  elector 
for  McKinley  and  Hobart  and  for  Taft  and 
Slierman.  He  is  vice-jjresident  of  the  Mon- 
teliore  home  and  hospital  for  chronic  inva- 
lids; and  a  director  and  trustee  of  various 
liuaiieial.  industrial  and  charitable  institu- 
tions. 

Sternberg,  George  Miller,  surgeon,  author, 
was  born  .Mine  S,  1838,  in  Otsego  county, 
N.Y.       In    1801    he   was   appointed   assistant 

surgeon  in  the  I'nited 
States  army;  captain 
and  assistant  surgeon 
in  1866;  major  and 
surg.'on  in  1875 ;  lieu- 
tenant-colonel and 
dei)uty  surgeon-gen- 
eral in  1891;  and 
brigadier-general  and 
surgeon  -  general  i  n 
1893.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Photo-Micro- 
graphs; Malaria  and 
iNIalarial  Diseases; 
Bacteria,  from  tlie  French  of  iNIaguin;  Im- 
munity; Protect  ve  Inoculations  in  Infec- 
tious Diseases;  .Manual  of  Bacteriology; 
and  Photo-Micrographs  and  How  to  Make 
Them. 

Sternbergh,  James  Hervey,  manufacturer, 
inventor,  was  born  May  20.   1834,  in  Henri- 
number  of  years  he  was 
g  e  n  e  r  a  1     passenger 
agent   of   the   railroad 


etta,  N.Y.      For 


running  through   Sar- 


^9I»  ^' 


a  toga,   N.Y". 

lie      engaged 
manufacture 


In 

in 
of 


18()5 

the 

iron 


jjt  1  lints  at  Reading,  Pa.; 

iga/^Brm^  <i»d    in    1867    invented 

^^^^k^piBp''  Jnipro\'ed    nip.chir.e 

_^m^^^^^^^  f"i'     the     manufac*^ure 

^HL,         ^^^^M  *'^    ''"^    preserve 

^^|L      ^^^^^H  used  to 

^^^^^^^^^^^^  a  surface  grinding 
machine  for  grinding  hard  metals;  and 
many  other  improvements  are  the  result 
of  his  invi'iilive  genius.  In  1887  he  e.;- 
tabiished  branch  works  in  Kansas  City.  Mo. 
I'or  three  years  he  was  |)resident  of  llie 
Reading  board  of  tra<le;  since  1887  has 
been  ])resident  oi  the  Kansas  City  boat  bolt 
i\nd  nut  company;  and  since  1901  has  been 
|)resi(lenl  of  the  .\merican  iron  and  steel 
manufjiel  uring  company  of  Reading  and  Le- 
banon.   I'm. 

Sterner,  Albert  Edward,  painter,  artist, 
was  horn  .Manli  8.  18tj3.  in  London.  Hn.uland. 
Ilis  works  include  the  paintings  The  Bach- 
elor; and  Portrait  of  My  Sou.  He  has  illus- 
trated (Jeoifze  \V.  Curtis'  IMue  and  I;  Poe's 
Works:  Fenwiek's  Career,  by  Mrs.  llnm- 
jihrey  ^Vard  :  and  other  books. 

Sterne,  Simon,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
.Inly    23.    1839.    in    Plii"l;i.h>li.l:iM.    Pa.     He   de- 


332 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


livered    many    addresses    on    politico-ec-onom- 

ical  subjects.    In  1870 

'  wrote      Representative 

Government,     and     in 

»'"       '"^^1.  1^^^         Constitutional 

JB  Development    and    Po- 

~"    CLt  Mr  litical    History    of    tiie 

"        '^  "  United      States,      and 

contributed   a    number 
of    articles    to    Lalor's 
^   \.  Cyclopsedia    of     Polit- 

\7  ^^^^^     ical  Science  and  Unit- 
J^^^^BL     ^(^  states  History.    He 
^_^IDI^^     ^^^"^  appointed  by  Gov. 
'     ."  Tilden  in  1875  on  the 

commission  to  devise  a  plan  for  the  govern- 
ment of  the  cities  of  New  York,  and  in  1884 
was  commissioned  by  President  Cleveland  to 
report  on  the  relation  of  the  railways  uf 
western  Europe  to  their  governments.  He 
drafted  the  interstate  commerce  act.  He 
died  Sept.  22,  1901,  in  New  York  City. 

Sterett,  Isaac  Sears,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Oct.  28.  1801.  in  Baltimore.  Md.  He 
served  in  the  coast  survey  in  1839-41.  Dur- 
ing the  Mexican  war  he  rendered  valuable 
services  in  command  of  the  schooner  Reefer ; 
and  captured  the  Mexican  schooner  Tabas- 
co. He  was  promoted  to  commander  in  1850. 
He  was  governor  of  the  naval  asylum  r.t 
Philadelphia  in  1852-53  ;  and  he  was  promot- 
ed to  captain  in  1857.    He  died  in  1863. 

Sterrett,  James  Macbride,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  l)orn  Jan.  13.  1847.  in 
lioward.  Pa.  In  18G7  he  graduated  from  the 
university  of  Rochester  as  A.B. ;  graduated 
from  Harvard  university  and  in  1872  grad- 
uated from  the  Cambridge  episcopal  theolog- 
ical school ;  and  has  received  the  honorary 
degrees  of  D.D.  and  A.M.  from  Harvard  uni- 
versity. In  1872-82  he  was  rector  and  in 
1882-92  was  professor  of  ethics  and  apolo- 
getics in  the  Seabury  divinity  school  of 
Faribault.  Minn.  Since  1892  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  philosophy  in  Columbiaii  university 
of  AYashington,  D.C.  Since  1893  he  has  been 
president  of  the  society  for  philosophical  in- 
quiry. He  is  the  author  of  Studies  in  Heg- 
el's Philosophy  of  Religion  :  Reason  and  Au- 
thority in  Religion  :  The  Ethics  of  Hegel ; 
and  The  Freedom  of  Authority. 

Sterrett,  James  P.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1823.  In  1877-93  he  was  associate 
justice,  and  in  1893  became  chief  justice  of 
the  state  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
died  .Tan.  23.  1901.  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Sterrett,  John  Robert  Sitlington,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  March  4.  1851.  at 
Rockbridge  Baths.  Ya.  He  was  a  professor 
at  Amherst  college  in  1892-1901;  and  is  now 
head  of  the  department  of  Greek  at  Cornell 
university.  Ho  is  the  author  of  Qua  in  re 
Hymni  Homerici  quinque  Majores  inter  se 
Differunt ;  Inscriptions  of  Assos ;  Epigraph- 
ical  Journey  in  Asia  Minor;  The  Wolfe  Ex- 
pedition to  Asia  Minor;  and  The  Iliad  of 
Homer. 

Sterrett,  Samuel,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1756   in  .Maryland.    In  1791-93  he   was  a 


representative  from  Maryland  to  the  second 
congress.  He  died  July  12,  1833,  in  Balti- 
more, ]Md. 

Sterry,  Mrs.  Ruth  Walters,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Aug.  4,  1872,  in  Jack- 
son, Mich.  She  was  the  author  of  Collected 
Poems ;  and  Verses.    She  died  Sept.  28,  1913. 

Stetefeldt,  Carl  August,  civil  engineer, 
inventor,  author,  was  born  Sept.  28,  1838,  in 
Germany.  He  was  widely  known  through  the 
mining  districts  by  his  invention  of  the  Stete- 
feldt furnace,  which  is  extensively  used  in 
the  west  for  the  roasting  of  silver  ores  pre- 
paratory to  the  extraction  of  the  metal  by 
either  amalgamation  or  lixiviation.  Besides 
technical  papers  he  was  the  author  of  TJie 
Lixiviation  of  Silver  Ores  with  Hyposulphate 
Solutions.    He  died  in  1896. 

Stetson,  Mrs.  Augusta  E.,  Christian  sci- 
ence teacher,  author,  poet,  was  born  in  Wal- 
doboro,  Maine.  In  1884  she  began  the  prac- 
tice of  Christian  science  healing  in  Boston, 
Mass. ;  and  preached  on  alteruate  Sundays  in 
the  mother  church.  In  1887  she  organized  the 
Hrst  church  of  Christ  in  New  York  City ; 
and  was  appointed  its  pastor.  She  raised 
over  one  million  dollars  to  build  the  first 
church  of  Christ,  which  was  dedicated  and 
free  of  debt  in  1903.  She  is  the  author  of 
Poems. 

Stetson,  Charles,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Nov.  7,  1801.  in  New  Ips- 
wich. N.H.  In  1834  he  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  municipal  court  of  Bangor,  Maine. 
In  1845-48  he  was  a  member  of  the  executive 
council  of  the  state.  In  1849-51  he  was  a 
representative  from  Maine  to  the  thirty-first 
congress.  He  died  March  27,  1883,  in  Bangor, 
Maine. 

Stetson,  Charles  Augustus,  hotel-propri- 
etor, was  born  April  1,  1810,  in  Newbury- 
port,  Mass.  In  1851  he  was  quartermaster- 
general  of  New  York.  Gen.  Stetson  acquired 
a  wide  reputation  as  a  hotel  keeper  in  the 
days  when  the  Astor  house  was  almost  the 
only  large  hotel  in  New  York.  He  died 
March  2W.  1888.  in  Reading,  Pa. 

Stetson,  Francis  Lynde,  lawyer,  railroad 
president,  was  born  April  23.  1846,  in  Keese- 
ville.  N.Y.  He  is  a  practicing  attorney  of 
New  York  City  ;  and  general  council  for  sev- 
eral corporations.  He  is  president  and  di- 
rector of  the  Northern  Pacific  railway  com- 
pany. 

Stetson,  Herbert  Lee,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Oct.  16. 
1847.  in  Greene.  Maine.  In  1889-1900  he  was 
l)resident  of  Des  Moines  college:  and  since 
1901  has  been  professor  of  psychology  and 
pedaaoay  at  Kalnmnzoo  '-ollege. 

Stetson,  James  Burgess,  merchant,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  March  27,  1831,  in 
Kiuuston.  Mass.  He  is  ])resident  and  general 
manager  of  The  North  Pacific  Coast  rail- 
road :  and  The  California  Street  Cable  rail- 
road in  San  Francisco.  He  also  has  banking 
and  industrial  interests.  He  has  been  super- 
visor for  two  years  in  San  Francisco. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


333 


Stetson,  John  Batterson,  manufacturer, 
philanthropist,  was  born  May  5,  1830,  in 
Orange.  X.J.    He  was  president  of  the  John 

B.  Stetson  company, 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
An  interesting  feature 
of  the  Stetson  fac- 
tories is  the  amount 
of  space  set  apart  lor 
>.  5  •  the    entertainment   of 

operatives.  He  has 
also  promoted  the 
formation  of  a  Sun- 
day school  and  vari- 
ous literary  and 
other  societies.  He 
built  Elizabeth  hall 
and  other  buildings  for  the  university  at 
Ue  Land,  Fla.,  the  name  of  the  university 
being  changed  to  John  B.  Stetson  univer- 
sity. He  died  Feb.  18,  1906,  in  Gilien.  Fla. 
Stetson,  Lemuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  in  New  York. 
He  served  three  years  in  the  assembly  of 
New  York.  In  1843-45  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  New  York  to  the  twenty-eighth 
congress.  He  was  county  judge  of  Clinton 
county  in  1847-51.  He  died  in  New  York. 
Stetson,  Thomas  Drew,  patent  expert, 
was  born  :\Iay  30,  1827,  in  Kingston,  Mass. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools;  at- 
tended Pierce  academy;  and  the  Taunton 
locomotive  works.  He  edited  a  free-soil 
pajx-r  in  Massachusetts;  and  in  1853  be- 
came editor  of  Appleton's  Engineer's  Jour- 
nal. Since  1855  he  has  been  a  patent 
.solicitor  and  mechanical  expert  of  New 
York  City.  He  has  been  president  of  the 
polytechnic  branch  of  the  American  insti- 
tute; and  is  active  in  the  General  society 
ot  mechanics  and  tradesmen  and  also  in 
prohibition    political    work. 

Stetson,  William  Wallace,  educator,  lec- 
tiirtr.  autiior,  was  born  June  17,  1849,  in 
Greene,    Maine.      He    was    educated    in    the 

Edw-ard  Little  insti- 
tute and  at  Mon- 
mouth college.  He 
received  the  honorary 
degree  of  LL.D.  in 
Colb}-^  university.  He 
taught  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  Maine 
and  in  the  common, 
normal  and  high 
schools  of  Illinois. 
He  was  superintend- 
ent of  thf  city  schools 
of  Rockford,  111.;  in 
1885-95  was  superint«'ndent  of  the  city 
schools  of  Auburn,  Maine.  He  has  deliv- 
ered educational  addresses  before  numerous 
national  eilucational  bodies;  and  Ircturcd 
before  state  summer  schools  in  eight  dilTer- 
ent  states.  He  was  president  of  the  North- 
ern Illinois  teachers'  association  and  a 
member  r)f  civil  society.  He  was  tin-  author 
of  History  and  Civil  Government  of  Maine. 
He  died  in  July,  1910. 


Stetson,  Willis  Kimball,  librarian,  was 
born  May  8,  1858,  in  Natick,  Mass.  In 
1881  he  graduated  from  the  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity of  Middletown,  Conn.,  as  A.M.  Un- 
til 1887  he  was  librarian  for  the  Wesleyan 
university  and  the  Kussell  library  of  Mid- 
dletown, Conn.;  and  since  1887  he  has  been 
librarian  of  the  free  public  library  of  New 
Haven,    Cunn. 

Stettinus,  Edward  R.,  manufacturer,  cor- 
poration president,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1865, 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  attended  St.  Louis 
university.  For  nine  years  he  was  engaged 
in  active  business  in  St.  Louis;  and  then 
moved  to  Chicago.  He  became  treasurer  of 
the  Stirling  company  in  1892,  and  continued 
until  its  consolidation  in  1906  with  the 
IJabcock  and  \Vilcox  company  of  which  he 
is  still  director  and  vice-president.  In  1906 
he  became  vice-president  and  since  1909  has 
been  president  and  treasurer  of  the  Diamond 
Match  company.  He  is  also  a  director  of 
the  American  Surety  company  of  New 
York    and    otlier    corjioraiions. 

Steuart,  George  Hume,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  24,  1828,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1862 
he  became  brigadier-general.  He  defended 
the  bloody  angle  at  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness  against  Hancock's  corps,  and 
was  taken  prisoner,  but  exchanged  in  the 
winter  of  1864-65.  He  died  in  1903,  in 
Baltimore,    ^Id. 

Steuart,  James  Aloysius,  physician,  was 
born  April  3,  1828,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He 
established  himself  in  practice  in  Balti- 
more; and  became  physician  to  the  city 
general  dispensary,  and  assistant  physician 
to  the  Maryland  hospital  for  the  insane. 
In  1875  he  became  health  commissioner, 
registrar  of  vital  statistics;  and  president 
of  the  city  board  of  health.  He  died  in 
1903,    in    Baltimore,    :\Id. 

Steuart,  Richard  Sprigg,  physician,  was 
born  Nov.  1,  1797,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In 
1828  he  was  elected  president  of  the  Mary- 
land hospital  for  the  insane,  which  he  re- 
organized, and  of  which  he  was  president 
until  his  death.  He  died  July  13,  1876, 
in    Baltimore,   ^Id. 

Steunenberg,  Frank,  governor.  In  1807- 
I'.Kiii  lie  was  governor  of  Idaho.  He  died 
in   Idaho. 

Stevans,  C.  M.,  educator,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1861.  For  twelve  years 
he  was  engaged  in  educational  work;  and 
for  nine  j'ears  was  editor  of  educational 
and  subscription  books  in  Chicago  and  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  History 
of  Spanisli-.Ainerica;  World's  Congress  of 
Beligions;  Powers  of  Mind;  Scenes  in  Our 
New  I'ossessions;   and  other  works. 

Stevens,  Aaron  Fletcher,  .soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.  9,  1819,  ill  Derry,  N.H.  In  1849  he 
was  elected  to  the  New  Hampshire  state 
legislature;  was  re-elected;  and  served 
live  years  aa  a  state  solicitor.  In  1861  he 
entered  the  volunteer  army  as  major  in  the 
first  New  llampsliire  infantry:   and  for  his 


334 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


his  gallantry  was  brevetted  a  brigadier- 
general.  In  1867-71  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Hampshire  to  the  fortieth 
and  forty-first  congresses  as  a  republican. 
He  died  May   10,   1887,  in  Nashua,  N.H. 

Stevens,  Abel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  19,  1815,  in  Jr'hiladelphia.  He  was 
a  methodist  clergyman  of  New  York  City; 
and  long  connected  with  the  Methodist  book 
concern.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  the 
United  States;  History  of  Methodism; 
Life  of  Madame  de  Stael;  Life  of  Nathan 
Eangs;  Cliaracter  Sketches;  Women  of 
Metliodism;  Christian  Work  and  Consola- 
tion; Church  Polity;  and  Tales  from  the 
Parsonage.  He  died  Sept.  12,  1897,  in  San 
Jose,   Cal. 

Stevens,  Albert  Clark,  journalist,'  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  10,  1854,  in  Buffalo, 
N.Y.  In  1880-98  he  was  editor  of  Brad- 
street's.  He  is  the  author  of  Cyclopedia 
of   Fraternities. 

Stevens,  Alexander  Hodgdon,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  4,  1789,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  appointed  consulting  sur- 
geon to  the  New  York  hospital;  and  emer- 
itus professor  in  the  College  of  physicians 
and  surgeons,  of  which  he  was  made  presi- 
dent in  1841.  He  was  the  author  of  In- 
flammation of  the  Eye;  Lectures  on 
Lithotomy;  and  First  Lines  of  Surgery. 
He  died  March  30,  1869.  in  New  York  City. 

Stevens,  Alviso  Burdette,  educator,  phar- 
macist, was  born  June  15,  1853,  in  Tyrone, 
Mich.  Since  1886  he  has  been  connected 
with  the  university  of  Michigan  as  lec- 
turer and  professor  of  pharmacy.  In  1884- 
So  lie  was  president  of  the  Detroit  pharma- 
ceutical society;  and  in  1893  was  president 
of  the  Michigan  state  pharmaceutical  so- 
ciety. 

Stevens,  Ambrose  A.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  third  regiment  Michigan  in- 
fantry; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
uier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died  Dec. 
10.   1880. 

Stevens,  Arthur  Albert,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1865  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  is  a  piiysician  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Manual  of  the  Practice 
of  Medicine. 

Stevens,  Augusta  De  Grasse,  art  critic, 
author,  was  born  in  1865  in  New  York. 
Slie  is  a  novelist  and  art  critic;  and  has 
lived  in  London  for  many  years.  She  is 
the  author  of  Distance,  a  novelette;  Old 
Boston,  an  American  Historical  Romance; 
Weighed  in  the  Balance;  The  Lost  Dau- 
phin; Miss  Hildreth;  The  Sensation  of  the 
Season ;    and   A   Romantic    Inheritance. 

Stevens,  Benjamin  Franklin,  bibliogra- 
pher, author,  was  born  Feb.  19,  1833,  in 
Barnett,  Vt.  He  was  United  States  de- 
spatch agent  in  London;  is  purchasing 
agent  there  for  American  libraries;  and 
sends    ]"]nglish    publications    to    tlie    United 


States.  He  edited  Campaign  in  Virginia 
in  1781;  and  Facsimiles  of  Manuscripts  in 
European  Archives  Relating  to  America, 
1773-83.  He  died  March  5,  1902,  in  Eng- 
land. 

Stevens,  Bradford  N.,  educator,  congress- 
man, was  burn  Jan.  3,  1813,  in  Boseawen, 
N.H.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  forty-second  congress 
as  a  democrat.    He  died  in  Illinois. 

Stevens,  Charles  Asbury,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  October,  1845,  in  Nor- 
way. He  is  one  of  the  editors  of  the 
Youth's  Companion.  He  is  the  author  of 
Camping  Out;  Left  on  Labrador;  Off  to 
the  Geysers;  On  the  Amazon;  Lynx  Hunt- 
ing; Fox  Hunting;  and  The  Moose  Hunt- 
ers. 

Stevens,  Charles  EUis,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  5,  1853.  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  became  an  examining  chaplain 
of  the  diocese  of  Long  Island  in  1886; -and 
in  1887  was  made  archdeacon  of  Brook- 
lyn. He  was  the  author  of  The  Sources 
of  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States 
in  Relation  to  Colonial  and  English  His- 
tory; The  Romance  of  Arenfels,  and  Other 
Tales  of  the  Rhine.  He  died  in  1906  in 
I'liiladelphia,    Pa. 

Stevens,  Charles  Emery,  journalist,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  March  24,  1815,  in 
Pembroke,  N.H.  He  practiced  law  for  nine 
years  in  Worcester.  He  was  the  author  of 
Anthony  Burns,  a  History;  New  Biogra- 
phies of  Illustrious  Men;  Church  and  Par- 
ish. He  died  Dec.  13,  1893,  in  Worcester, 
Mass. 

Stevens,  Charles  Ford,  railroad  president, 
was  born  June  21,  1850,  in  Geneva,  N.Y. 
He  is  president  of  the  Central  railway  of 
New    Brunswick    at    Philadelpliia,    Pa. 

Stevens,  Charles  Wistar,  physician,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  in  1836  in  New  Hampshire. 
He  was  the  author  of  Revelations  of  a 
Boston  Physician.  He  died  in  1901  in  Bos- 
ton,   I\Iass. 

Stevens,  Charles  Woodbury,  merchant, 
author,  was  born  in  1831  in  Massacluisetts. 
He  is  the  author  of  Fly  Fishing  in  Maine 
Lakes. 

Stevens,  Ebenezer,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
hoiii  Aug.  22.  1751.  in  ]5oston,  Mass.  In 
1778  he  was  made  lieutenant-colonel  of 
Jolin  Lamb's  regiment.  He  served  under 
Lafayette  in  Virginia:  and  for  a  part  of 
the  time  commanded  tlie  artillery  at  the 
siege  of  Yorktown.  After  the  revolution 
he  became  a  merchant  of  New  York  City. 
He  Avas  major-general  of  the  state  militia. 
He  died  Sept.  2,  1823,  in  Long  Island,  N.Y. 

Stevens,  Edward,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1745  in  Culpi'per  county,  Va.  He  served 
through  the  revolutionary  war;  and  attain- 
ed the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died 
Aug.    17.    1820,    in    C'ulpe])er    county.    Va. 

Stevens,  Edwin  Augustus,  mechanical  en- 
gineer, designer,  was  born  March  14,  1858, 
in   Pliiladelphia.  Pa.    He  is  president  of  the 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


335 


Hoboken  land  improvement  company;  and 
has  held  various  local  oHices.  He  designed 
tlie  first  screw  ferryboat. 

Stevens,  Enos,  inventor,  was  born  Jan. 
22,  ISK).  in  liarnet.  \'t.  He  invented  a  sys- 
tem of  musical  notation,  apparatus  for 
automatically  recording  atmospheric 

changes,  an  instrument  for  phrenological 
measurements,  a  legislative  teller  that  was 
put  in  use  by  congress  in  lS'y'3;  and  orig- 
inated an  astronomical  theory  of  weather 
indication.  He  published  pamphlets  on 
astronomy,  music,  and  phrenology,  and 
many  papers  on  agricultural  topics.  He 
died  Jan.   31.   1877.  in   Barnet.  Vt. 

Stevens,  Frank  Lincoln,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1871  in  New  York.  Since  1903 
he  has  been  a  professor  of  botany  and 
vegetable  pathology  at  the  North  Carolina 
college  of  agriculture.  He  is  the  author  of 
Agriculture  for  Beginners;  The  Hill  Read- 
ers:   and  A  Practical  Arithmetic. 

Stevens,  Frederick  Clement,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  1,  1861,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1881  he  graduated  from  Bowdoin 
college;  and  in  1884  graduated  from  the 
law  (le|)artnient  of  the  university  of  Iowa. 
Since  1884  lie  has  practiced  law  in  St. 
Paul,  Minn.;  and  in  1889  and  1890-91 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Minnesota  state 
legislature.  In  1897-1915  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  .Minnesota  to  the  fifty-fifth. 
fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eightli,  fifty- 
ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-second  a;id 
sixty-tliird  congres.ses   as   a   republican. 

Stevens,  George  Barker,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, autiior.  was  born  July  13,  1854,  in 
Spencer,  N.Y.  He  was  a  congregational 
clergvman;  and  professor  in  Yale  divinity 
school  in  1886-95;  and  in  1895  he  became 
professor  systematic  theology.  He  was 
the  author  of  Commentary  on  Galatians; 
Tlie  Pauline  Theology;  The  Johannine 
Tlii'ology:  Doctrine  and  Life;  Tlie  Kpistles 
of  Paul  in  Modern  English;  Tlie  Theology 
of  the  New  Testament;  The  Messages  of 
Paul;  and  The  Messages  of  the  Apostles. 
It.-  (li.-d  in  1906  in  Ni-w  Haven.  Conn. 

Stevens,  George  Thomas,  physician,  in- 
ventor, author,  was  born  in  1832  in  Es- 
.sex  county.  N.Y.  In  1861  he  was  commis- 
sioned surgeon  of  the  seventy-seventh  reg- 
inii'iit  New  York  volunteers.  Since  1880 
lie  lias  been  in  the  jiraetice  of  medicine 
in  New  York  City.  He  is  the  inventor  of 
many  standard  surgical  and  jjiysiologjcal 
instruments.  He  is  the  author  of  Tliree 
^'ears  in  tlie  Sixth  Corps;  and  a  Treatise 
on    the    .Motor   Ajiparatus   of   the    Eyes. 

Stevens,  George  W.,  journalist,  artist, 
author,  ]ioet,  was  born  Jan.  16.  1866,  in 
Utica,  N.Y.  In  1900-03  he  was  on  the 
editorial  stalT  of  the  Toledo  Tinu's.  Since 
1903  he  has  been  director  of  the  Tole<lo 
museum  of  art.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
King  and   tlit-   H;irp<'r:    and   Other  Pfiems. 

Stevens,  George  Walter,  railroa<l  presi- 
dent,   was    born    June    29.    1851,    in    t'tiea, 


Ohio.  In  1864-89  he  held  various  positions 
on  dill'erent  railways;  in  1891-1900  was 
general  manager  of  the  Chesapeake  and 
Ohio  railway;  and  since  1900  has  been 
president   of    tliat   corporation. 

Stevens,  Hazard,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Juno  '■»,  1842,  in  Newport,  R.I.  He 
served  throughout  the  civil  war  in  1861- 
65  in  tlie  army  of  the  Potomac;  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
is  the  author  of  Life  of  Isaac  Ingalls 
Stevens. 

Stevens,  Henry,  state  legislator,  anti- 
quarian, was  born  Dec.  13,  1791,  in  Bar- 
net,  Vt.  He  was  the  founder  and  first 
president  of  the  Vermont  Historical  so- 
ciety. The  most  valuable  part  of  his  col- 
lection was  placed  for  safe  keeping  in  the 
state  liouse  at  Montpelier,  where  in  1857 
it  was  burned.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  for  two  terms.  He  died  July 
30,   1867,  in   Barnet,  Vt. 

Stevens,  Henry,  bibliographer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  24,  1819,  in  Barnet,  Vt.  He 
lived  in  London  after  1845.  He  was  the 
author  of  Historical  Nuggets;  Historical 
Collections;  Recollections  of  James  Lenox; 
Tlie  Teliiiaiitepec  Railway;  Historical  and 
(4eograi)hical  Notes;  The  Bibles  in  the  Cax- 
ton  Exiiibition;  Catalogue  of  the  American 
Books  in  the  British  Museum ;  and  indexes 
to  state  papers  in  London  relating  to  Vir- 
ginia, ^laryiand,  Rhode  Island,  and  New 
Jersey.    He  died  Feb.  24,  1886,  in  England. 

Stevens,  Henry  Davis,  journalist,  clergy- 
man, engineer,  miner  and  timekeeper  in 
Calais,  Vt.  He  was  engaged  in  journalism 
and  charity  work  in  Indianapolis  until  he 
entered  the  ministry.  Since  1887  he  has 
been  a  clergyman  of  the  unitarian  church; 
first  in  tlie  west;  and  now  fills  a  pastorate 
in  Sterlinji.  Mass.  He  is  tiie  author  of  A 
Boy's   Lift. 

Stevens,  Hester  L.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  October,  1803,  in  Lima,  N.Y. 
In  1853-55  he  was  a  representative  from 
^lichigan  to  the  thirtv-third  congress.  He 
died    May    7.    1864.    in  "(ieorgetown,   D.C. 

Stevens,  Hiram  S.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1832  in  Weston,  Vt. 
In  185()  lie  located  in  that  jiortion  now 
Arizona ;  and  was  a  representative  in  the 
territorial  legislature  of  Arizona  in  1868- 
73.  In  1875-79  lie  was  a  territorial  dele- 
gate from  Arizona  to  the  forty-fourth  and 
t'oi-ty-(iftli   con^rresses. 

Stevens,  Horace  Jared,  jomnalist.  coji- 
per  specialist,  was  born  .Ian.  5,  1866.  in 
Conewango.  N.Y.  He  received  an  acach'uiic 
education.  In  1882-83  Ive  was  a  country 
selioolmaster;  and  in  1884-89  was  engag- 
ed as  a  copper  specialist,  fireman,  pump- 
man, engineer,  miner  and  timekeeper  in 
the  Beaufort  mine  in  Michigan.  In  1884- 
80  he  was  a  reporter  for  the  Marquette 
mining  journal;  was  manager  and  owner 
(if  the  Peninsular  news  bureau  of  Ishpeni- 
ing    iiihl     llnuston,    Midi.;     and    since     1901 


336 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


has  been  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Cop- 
per Handbook,  an  annual  devoted  to  the 
copper   interests   of   the   world. 

Stevens,  James,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1768  in  Fairfield,  Conn.  In  1819-21  he 
was  a  representative  from  Connecticut  to 
the  sixteenth  congress;  and  voted  with 
tlie  south  on  the  Missouri  compromise.  In 
1822  he  was  appointed  postmaster  of 
Stamford.  He  died  April  16,  1835,  in  Stam- 
lord,   Conn. 

Stevens,  Isaac  Ingalls,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, governor,  congressman,  was  born 
March    28,    1818,    in    Andover,     Mass.      He 

was      at      the      siege 

of    Vera    Cruz    under 

Gene  r  a  1 

fought 


m 


Scott ; 
several 
subsequent  battles ; 
and  Avas  twice  bre- 
vetted  for  gallant 
services.  He  served 
for  a  time  as  an  as- 
sistant in  the  coast 
survey  office  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.;  and  in 
1853-57  was  governor 
and  superintendent 
of  Indian  affairs  for  the  territory  of  Wash- 
ington. In  1857-61  he  was  a  territorial  del- 
egate from  Washington  to  the  thirty-fifth 
and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  When  govern- 
or of  Washington  territory  he  traveled 
tlu-oughout  its  whole  extent;  and  as  com- 
missioner madei  many  treaties  with  the  In- 
dian tribes.  In  1861  he  was  appointed  a 
brigadier-general  in  the  volunteer  service. 
He  was  killed  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run 
Sept.    1,    1862,  near   Chantilly,  Va. 

Stevens,  James  Alexander,  lawyer,  w^as 
born  Jan.  2U,  17'JO,  in  New  York  City.  In 
connection  with  Thomas  Gibbons,  he  es- 
tablished the  Union  steamboat  line  be- 
tween New  York  and  Philadelphia,  which 
led  to  the  suit  of  Ogden  vs.-  Gibbons,  mem- 
orable for  the  decision  that  placed  all  the 
navigable  waters  of  the  United  States  un- 
der the  jurisdiction  of  the  general  gov- 
ernment. He  died  Oct.  7,  1873,  in  Hobo- 
ken,  N.J. 

Stevens,  James  Stacy,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  21,  1864,  in  Lima,  N.Y.  He 
is  professor  of  physics  at  the  university 
of  Maine;  and  dean  of  the  college  of  arts 
and  sciences.  He  is  the  author  of  Out- 
lines of  General  Physics. 

Stevens,  John,  congressman,  was  born 
about  1703  in  New  Y^ork  City.  He  set- 
tled in  New  Jersey;  and  in  1774  was  one 
of  the  joint  commissioners  for  defining 
the  boundary  line  between  New  Y^ork  and 
new  colony.  In  1783-84  he  was  a  delegate 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  continental  con- 
gress. In  1787  he  presided  over  the  state 
convention  that  ratified  the  United  States 
constitution.  He  died  in  May,  1792,  in 
New  Jersey. 

Stevens,  John,  civil  engineer,  Avas  born 
in    174!)   in  New   York  City.    In   1776-79  he 


was  treasurer  of  New  Jersey.  In  1804  he 
built  a  vessel  propelled  by  twin  screws 
tliat  navigated  the  Hudson;  and  the  en- 
gine and  boiler  of  this  steamboat  are  pre- 
served in  the  Stevens  institute  of  Hoboken, 
N.J.  He  died  March  6,  1838,  in  Hoboken, 
N.J. 

Stevens,  John  Austin,  banker,  financier, 
was  born  Jan.  22,  1795,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  president  of  the  Merchants'  ex- 
change and  president  of  the  Bank  of  com- 
merce of  New  York  City.  His  advice  was 
frequently  sought  by  the  officers  of  the 
treasury  department  during  the  civil  war. 
He  was  for  many  years  governor  of  the 
New  York  hospital;  and  took  an  interest 
in  other  benevolent  institutions.  He  died 
Oct.  19,  1874,  in  New  York. 

Stevens,  John  Austin,  mei chant,  .author, 
was  born  Jan.  21,  1827,  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  an  author  of  New  York  City;  and 
later  of  Newport,  R.I.;  and  founded  the 
Magazine  of  American  History.  He  also 
founded  in  1863  Loyal  national  league; 
and  in  1876  Sons  of  the  revolution.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Expedition  of  Lafay- 
ette Against  Arnold;  Life  of  Albert  Gal- 
latin; and  Progress  of  New  Y^ork  in  a 
Century. 

Stevens,  John  cox,  yachtsman,  was  born 
Sept.  24,  1785.  He  was  from  his  youth  a 
devoted  yachtsman.  He  organized  the  New 
York  yacht  club;  was  its  first  commodore; 
and  commanded  the  America  in  the  mem- 
orable race  in  England  in  1851.  He  died 
June    13,   1857,   in  Hoboken,  N.J. 

Stevens,  John  Harrington,  soldier,  pio- 
neer, author,  was  born  June  13,  1820,  in 
Lower  Canada.  He  served  through  the 
Mexican  war.  He  built  the  first  house  in 
Minneapolis,  Alinn.;  and  in  1855  the  name 
of  Minneapolis  was  given  to  the  colony. 
He  was  the  first  registerer  of  deeds  of 
Hennepin  county,  Minn.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Personal  Recollections  of  Minne- 
sota, Its  Lower  People  and  Early  History 
of  Minneapolis.  He  died  May  1,  1850,  in 
Rockford,    111. 

Stevens,  John  Leavitt,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, state  senator,  diplomat,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  1,  1820,  in  Mt.  Vernon,  Maine. 
He  became  associated  with  James  G. 
Blaine  in  the  ownership  and  management 
of  the  Kenntbec  Journal  newspaper  of 
Augusta,  Maine,  in  which  he  continued  for 
thirteen  years  as  editor-in-chief.  He  served 
three  years  in  the  lower  house,  and  two 
years  in  the  state  senate.  He  was.  United 
States  minister  to  Uruguay  and  Paraguay 
in  1870-73.  In  1877-83  he  was  United 
States  minister  to  SAveden  and  Norway. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  Gustavus 
Adolphus.  He  died  Feb.  8,  1895,  in  Augus- 
ta, Maine. 

Stevens,  Joseph  Earle,  business  man,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  8,  1870,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Yesterdays 
in  the  Philippines. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


:.J 


Stevens,  Lillian  M.  N.,  educator,  refonner, 
was  born  Marcli  1,  1844,  in  Dover.  Me. 
She    was    eclueated    at    Foxcrott    academy; 

and  for  a  short  time 
was  engaged  as  a 
teacher.  She  was  the 
wife  of  L.  Stevens,  a 
merchant  of  Portland, 
Me.  In  1874  sh'\  as- 
sisted in  organ  i/Jng 
the  Maine  \\oin;urs 
ciiristian  temperance 
nnion ;  in  1874-77  was 
treasurer;  and  since 
1877  had  been  presi- 
dent of  tlial  organiza- 
tion. In  1894-!)8  she 
was  viee-president  of  the  national  Wom- 
an's christian  temperance  union:  and  in 
1808  became  acting  president,  having  been 
re-elected  each  year  since.  For  years  she 
was  the  Maine  representative  in  the  na- 
tional conference  of  charities  and  correc- 
'tion.  In  18!)2-!)3  she  was  lady  manager  of 
the  World's  Columbian  exposition.  She 
(lied   April  ti.   1914. 

Stevens,  Moses  Tyler,  manufacturer, 
Lninkcr,  state  senator,  congressman,  was 
born  Oct.  10.  LS-i.").  in  North  Andover,  :Mass. 
Since  184.3  he  has  been  engaged  in  tiie 
manufacture  of  woolen  goods  in  Xortli 
Andover.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts house  of  representatives  in 
18U1;  anil  of  the  state  senate  in  18G8.  lie 
was  president  of  Andover  national  bank. 
In  18i)l-!).')  lie  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  fifty-second  and  lif- 
ty-tliir<l  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
ill    l'.Hi7   in   Andover,  Mass. 

Stevens  P.  F.,  clergyman,  bishop.  He  is 
a  bisiiop  of  the  reformed  ejiiscojial  cluncli; 
and  has  charge  of  the  special  missionary 
jurisdiction   of    the   south. 

Stevens,  Raymond  Bartlett,  congressman, 
farmer,  was  lioni  .lime  IS,  1874,  in  Bing- 
hamton.  N.Y.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Hani])sliire  to  the  six- 
ty-third congress. 

Stevens,  Robert  Livingston,  Imilder.  was 
born  Oct.  18,  1787,  in  lloboken,  N.J.  In 
1842  he  built  the  first  ironclad  steamboat. 
]\i'   .lii.I    .\pril  -H).   1850,  in   lloboken,  N.J. 

Stevens,  Robert  S.,  lawver,  congressman, 
was  born  Mardi  27,  1824.  in  Attica.  N.Y. 
He  removed  to  Missouri  in  187n;  and  en- 
gaged in  tiie  construction  and  management 
of  railroads.  In  187!l  he  n-turned  to  his 
native  place  and  settleti  tln-re;  and  in  1883- 
85  lie  was  a  representative  from  New  Vcuk 
to  the  fortv-eighth  congress  as  a  democrat. 
He    died    I<V1).    23.    18!I3.    in    Attica,    X.Y. 

Stevens,  i>amuel,  governor.  He  was  the 
lifte(ntli  ;:ovenior  of  Maryland  in  lS22-2t). 
H«'  died   in   Maryland. 

Stevens,  Mrs.  Susan  Sheppard,  litterateur. 
autli<n-.  was  born  in  l.S(i2  in  Alabama.  She 
is  ii  writer  of  St.  F.,ouis.  She  is  the  a\i- 
thor    of    I     Am    the    King:    The    Swonl    of 


in 


Danville,  Vt.    He 


Justice;     The     Eagle's     Talon;      and      The 
Sii.'n    of  Tiium])h. 

Stevens,    Thaddeus,    lawyer,    state    legis- 
ator.  congressman,  was  born  April  4,  1792, 
was  a  member  of  the 
Pennsylvania        state 
legislature     in     1833- 
35.     1837     and     1841. 
In   183(i  he  was  elect- 
ed   a    member    of    the 
convention    to    revise 
the     state      constitu- 
tion;     and      in      1838 
was    appointed    a    ca- 
nal   commissioner.    In 
1842     he     moved     to 
Lancaster,      Pa.      I  n 
1849-53     and     1859-«9 
^  ]ie   was   a  representa- 

tive from  Pennsylvaniiu  to  the  thirty-hrst, 
thirty-second,  thirty-sixth,  thirty-seventh, 
thirty-eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth 
congresses.  He  was  also  one  of  the  man- 
agers in  the  impeachment  trial  of  Presi- 
dent Andrew  Johnson.  He  died  Aug.  11, 
18()8.   in    Washington.   D.C. 

Stevens,  Thaddeus  Morrell,  journalist, 
physician,  educator,  author,  was  born  Aug. 
29,'  1830.  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.  ±le  was  pro- 
fessor of  medical  jurisprudence  and  toxi- 
cology in  the  Indiana  medical  college  and 
in  the  college  of  Physieians  and  surgeons 
at  Indian;, polis.  He  was  the  author  of 
brochures  on  Expert  Testimony;  State 
Hoards  of  Health:  and  Automatic  Filtra- 
tion. He  died  Nov.  8,  1885,  in  Indianapidis. 
Ind. 

Stevens,  Thomas,  cyclist,  author,  was 
l;orn  Dec.  24,  1855.  in  England.  He  is  the 
author  of  Scouting  for  Stanley  in  East 
Africa;  Around  the  World  on  a  Picycle; 
and  Through   Russia   on  a  ^Mustang. 

Stevens,  Thomas  Holdup,  naval  oflicer. 
was  born  May  27.  1819.  in  Middletown, 
Conn.  Ill  lS3(i  he  was  appointed  a  niid- 
shiimian:  served  through  the  civil  war: 
and  subs<'(|uentlv  retired  with  the  rank  ot 
rear-admiral,  lie  died  :\lay  15.  ISOti.  in 
Koekville.    .Md. 

Stevens,  Thomas  Holdup,  naval  oilicer, 
was  born  July  12.  1848.  in  Honolulu,  Ha- 
waii:   and    is  the  son   of  the  late  Rear-Ad- 

miral  Thomas  Ilold- 
11))  Stevens.  In  1868 
lie  graduated  from 
the  Inited  States  na- 
val academy.  In  1870 
he  became  master; 
w  a  s  eommissioned 
lieutenant  in  1874; 
and  attained  the  rank 
o  f  lieutenant-com- 
mander in  189»>.  I  n 
lS9S-9!»  he  was  exeeu- 
t  i\  (•  oilicer  of  the  llag- 
shi|i  I'hiladelphia ;  and 
promoted  commander.  He  serv- 
montlis  in  the  Sp;uiish-.\iiier- 
tlie    I'hilippine    insniiect icm    in 


in  1899  was 
ed  eighteen 
lean    war    in 


338 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


command  of  the  gunboat  Manilla.  In  1904 
was  promoted  to  captain;  and  in  1905  was 
retired  at  his  own  request  after  forty 
years  of  service  with  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral. 

Stevens,  Thomas  Wood,  educator,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Jan.  26,  1880,  in  Daysville, 
111.  In  1902  he  became  literary  critic  of 
the  Inland  Printer;  and  in  1903  took  charge 
of  the  department  of  illustration  at  the 
Chicago  art  institute.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Frown  of  Victory;  The  Unsought 
Shrine,  in  verse;  and  Lettering  for  Printers 
and   Designers. 

Stevens,  Walter  B.,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  July  25,  1848,  in  Meriden,  Conn. 
In  1884-1902  he  was  Washington  cor- 
respondent of  the  St.  Louis  Globe-Demo- 
crat; and  has  traveled  extensively  for  the 
same  paper  throughout  the  LTnited  States, 
Canada,  Mexico  and  Cuba.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  Through  Texas;  The  Ozark  Uplift; 
and  Tlie  Forest  City. 

Stevens,  Walter  Husted,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, was  born  Aug.  24,  1827.  in  Penn 
Van,  N.Y.  In  1862  he  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier -general  on  the  staff  of  General 
Bragg.  He  Avas  .subsequently  chief  engineer 
of  the  railroad  from  Vera  Cruz  to  Mexico. 
He  died  in  December,  1867,  in  Iberville,  La. 
Stevens,  Walter  Le  Conte,  physicist,  edu- 
cator, inventor,  author,  Avas  born  June  17, 
1S47.  in  Gordon  county,  Ga.  In  1882-90  he 
lillcd  the  chair  of  mathematics  and  physics 
in  Packer  collegiate  institute  at  Brooklyn; 
same  in  1890-98  in  Rensselaer  polytechnic 
institute  of  Troy,  N.Y.;  and  now  in  Wash- 
ington and  Lee  university  at  Lexington, 
\'a.  In  connection  Avith  his  class  Avork  he 
has  in\'ented  various  improved  forms  of 
physical  apparatus,  of  Avhich  his  organ- 
[jipc  sonometer  and  reversible  stereoscope 
are  the  best  known,  descriptions  of  Avhich 
have  been  publislied  in  the  American  Jour- 
nal of  Science. 

Stevens,  William  Arnold,  educator,  the- 
ologian, autlior.  Avas  born  Feb.  5,  1839,  in 
Granville,  Ohio.  Since  1877  he  has  been 
professor  of  new  testament  interpretation 
in  the  Rochester  theological  seminary.  He 
is  the  author  of  Harmony  of  the  Gospels 
for  Historical  Study. 

Stevens,  William  Bacon,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, Avas  born  July  13,  1815,  in  Bath,  Maine. 
He  Avas  consecrated  fourth  protestant  epis- 
copal bishop  of  Pennsylvania  in  1862.  He 
was  the  author  of  History  of  Georgia; 
Tlie  BoAv  in  the  Cloud;  Sermons;  Sabbaths 
of  Our  Lord;  Parables  of  the  Ncav  Testa- 
ment Unfolded:  History  of  Silk  Culture 
in  (Georgia;  and  The  Sunday  at  Home.  He 
(lied   June   11.   1887.  in   Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 

Stevens,  William  Chase,  educator,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Feb.  21,  1861,  in  Princeton, 
111.  Since  1899  he  has  been  professor  of 
botany  at  the  university  of  Kansas.  He 
is  the  author  of  Introduction  to  Botany; 
Histological  Botany  and  Micro-technique; 
ahd   Plant  HistologJ^ 


Stevens,  William  Burnham,  soldier,  law- 
yer, banker,  jurist,  Avas  born  March  23, 
1843,    in    Stoneham,    Mass.     He    received    a 

thorough  education 
in  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  state; 
and  read  laAV  for 
three  years.  He  prac- 
ticed his  profession 
for  several  years ; 
and  is  prominent  in 
the  business  and  pub- 
lic affairs  of  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Stone- 
ham  fiA^e  cents  sav- 
ings bank;  and  a 
director  of  the  Stoneham  national  bank. 
During  the  civil  Avar  he  served  as  a  pri- 
vate soldier  in  the  fiftieth  Massachusetts 
regiment;  and  in  1865  Avas  honorably  dis- 
charged. He  is  justice  of  the  superior  court 
of  Massachusetts;  and  resides  in  Stone- 
ham, Mass.  ^ 
Stevenson,  Adlai  EAving,  vice-president  of 
the  United  States,  congressman,  Avas  born" 
Oct.  23,  1835,  in  Christian  county,  Ky.  He 
moved  in  1869  to  Bloomington,  111.,  Avhere 
he  lias  since  resided,  principally  engaged  in 
the  practice  of  laAV.  In  1875-77  and  1879- 
81  he  Avas  a  representative  to  the  forty- 
fourth  and  forty-sixth  congresses.  He  was 
first  assistant  postmaster-general  from 
1885-89.  In  1893-97  he  Avas  vice-president 
of  the  United  States;  and  in  1900  Avas 
again  the  candidate  for  vice-president  on 
the  democratic  ticket. 

Stevenson,  Alexander  Fleming,  soldier, 
laAvyt-r,  legislator,  autlior,  Avas  born  April 
8,  i837,  in  Germany.  Since  1859  he  has 
practiced  laAV  in  Chicago,  111.  He  served  in 
the  civil  Avar;  and  Avas  brevetted  colonel. 
In  1864  he  became  a  representative  in  the 
Illinois  state  legislature;  and  received  the 
re-election  in  1867.  Since  1885  he  has  been 
master  in  cnancery  of  the  superior  court. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Battle  of  Stone's 
River. 

Stevenson,  Andrew,  agriculturist,  state 
legislator,  diplomat,  congressman,  Avas  born 
in  1784  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.  He  Avas  a 
member  of  the  Virginia  state  legislature; 
wliere  for  several  sessions  was  speaker  of 
the  liouse.  In  1821-35  he  Avas  a  representa- 
tive from  Virginia  in  the  seventeenth  to 
the  tAA'enty-third  congresses;  and  in  1827-35 
he  Avas  speaker  of  the  house  in  the  twenty- 
first,  tAA'enty-second  and  tAventy-third  con- 
gresses. In  1836-41  he  Avas  minister  to  Great 
Britain.  He  died  Jan.  25,  1857,  in  Blen- 
heim. Va. 

Stevenson,  Burton  Egbert,  journalist,  li- 
brarian, author,  Avas  born  Nov.  9.  1872,  in 
Chillicothe,  Ohio.  He  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  his  education  in  the  local  schools 
of  his  native  state:  and  graduated  from 
Princeton  university.  He  began  his  career 
as  a  journalist  and  correspondent:  and 
since    1899   has   been   librarian   of   the   Chil- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


339 


iicothe  public  library.  He  is  the  author 
of  At  Odds  with  the  Regent,  a  Story  of 
the  Cellamare  Conspiracy;  A  Soldier  of 
\irginia.  a  Tale  of  Colonel  Wasiiington  and 
Braddock's  Defeat;  The  Heritage;  Tommy 
Remington's  Battle;  The  HoUaday  Case; 
Cadets  of  Gascony;  and  That  Affair  at  Eliz- 
abeth. 

Stevenson,  C.  E.,  governor.  In  1887-01 
lie    was  gdvcnior  of  Nevada. 

Stevenson,  Carter  Littlepage,  soldier,  was 
born  Sept.  21.  1817,  near  Fredericksburg, 
Vt.  He  entered  the  United  States  army  in 
1838;  and  in  1802  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  and  major-general.  He  died  Aug. 
J.),    1888.    ill    Carolina    county,    Va. 

Stevenson,  Charles  Cobum,  educator,  law- 
yer, public  oHiei.il,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1862, 
in  Red  Bluff,  Cal.  He  has  been  county  su- 
jH'rintcnihnt  of  schools  and  county  attor- 
ney for  Ada  county,  Idaho;  territoj'ial  su- 
perintendent of  jiublic  instruction  of  Ida- 
l.o;  and  city  attorney  of  Boise,  Idaho, 
where  he  is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law. 
He  has  been  chief  cU-rk  in  the  United 
States  surveyor-general's  olKce  for  Idaho; 
if  prominent  in  several  fraternal  orders; 
and  historian  of  the  Idaho  historical  society 
(pf   jiionecrs. 

Stevenson,  Charles  Hugh,  lawyer,  statis- 
tician, author,  was  born  Dec.  6,  1869,  in 
Snow  Hill.  Md.  Since  1891  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  United  States  fish  com- 
mission. He  is  the  author  of  Preservation 
of  Fishery  Proihicts;  Foreign  Fishery 
Trade:  The  Shad  Fisheries;  Fishery  Legis- 
lation; Oyster  Industries;  and  Fishery 
I'loiJMcts    ill    Art    and   Industries. 

Stevenson,  Edward  A.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  governor,  was 
born  June  14,  1831,  in  Lowville,  N.Y.  In 
18r).'i-o4  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
California  legislature.  In  IS.'iO  he  was  again 
elected  a  lepresentative  in  the  legislature; 
and  at  the  session  of  1860  was  elected 
speaker  pro  tem.  of  the  house.  In  1863  he 
iciiiovcfl  to  Boise  county,  Idaho.  In  1804 
he  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace;  and 
in  1860  was  elected  a  member  of  tlie  terri- 
torial council  of  Idaho.  In  1874  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  tlie  terri- 
torial assembly,  and  was  speaker  of  the 
assembly.  In  1876  he  was  again  elected  to 
the  territorial  council  for  two  years:  ami 
in  1885-89  was  governor  of  the  territorv  of 
Idaho. 

Stevenson,  Edward  Irenaeus  Prime,  crit- 
ic aiith<ir,  was  born  in  1808  in  ^ladison,  N. 
J.  He  received  an  academic  educatifm;  and 
is  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  bar,  but 
lias  not  jiraeticed.  I'ntil  1900  he  was  en- 
gaged in  literary  work;  and  travfled  cx- 
tensivelj-  in  Vienna,  Budapest.  Rome. 
Naples  and  other  places.  For  many  years 
he  was  staff  e<lit<ir  of  The  Independent  and 
Har])er's  ANeckly  of  New  York  City:  and 
organized  and  edited  several  departments 
of  music  criticisjn.  He  is  a  critic  and  spe- 
cialist   in    arts    and    letters,    social    philoso- 


phy and  politics,  and  is  a  notable  linguist 
and  lecturer.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Mat- 
ter of  Temperament;  White  Cockades;  Left 
to  Themselves;  The  Square  of  Sevens;  and 
Mrs.    Dee's   Encore. 

Stevenson,  Edward  Luther,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  18,  1860,  in  Rozette, 
111.  In  1883-87  he  was  superintendent  of 
schools  in  Illinois;  and  since  1891  has  been 
professor  of  history  at  Rutgers  college. 
He  is  the  author  of  ilaps  Illustrating  the 
Early  Discovery  and  Exploration  in  Amer- 
ica. 

Stevenson,  J.  L.,  soldier.  He  attained  the 
rank  of  general.  He  died  Jan.  3,  1894,  in 
Boston,    Mass. 

Stevenson,  James,  soldier,  ethnologist, 
was  born  Dec.  24,  1840,  in  Maysville,  Ky. 
When  the  civil  war  began  he  joined  the 
union  army,  and  served  till  the  close  of 
liostilities.  He  was  detailed  for  research 
in  connection  with  the  bureau  of  ethnology 
of  the  Smithsonian  institution,  exploring 
the  cliff'  houses  of  Arizona  and  New  Mex- 
ico, and  investigating  the  history  and  re- 
ligious myths  of  the  Navajos  and  the  Zuni, 
Moqui,  and  other  Pueblo  Indians.  He  died 
July  2.5,   1SS8,   in  New  York  City. 

Stevenson,  James  Henry,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  16,  1860,  in  Canada. 
Since  1893  he  has  been  professor  of  He- 
brew in  Vanderbilt  university  of  Nashville, 
Tenn.  He  is  the  author  of  Herodotus  and 
the  Empires  of  the  East;  and  Babylonian 
and  Assyrian  Contracts  with  Aramaic  Ref- 
erence Notes. 

Stevenson,  James  S.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  Dorn  in  Y'ork  county,  Pa.  In 
!82.")-29  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  nineteenth  and  twentieth 
congresses.  He  died  Oct.  17,  1871,  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa. 

Stevenson,  Job  E.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1831,  in 
Ross  county,  Ohio.  In  1859-62  he  was  so- 
lititor  of  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  and  was  a  state 
senator  in  1803-65;  when  he  removed  to 
Cincinnati.  In  1869-73  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Ohio  to  the  forty-first  and  forty- 
second   congresses  as  a   republican. 

Stevenson,  John  Dunlap,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  was  born  June  8,  1821,  in 
Staunton,  Va.  He  was  a  member  for  several 
terms  in  the  Missouri  state  legislature 
from  St.  Louis.  In  1861  he  raised  the  sev- 
enth .Mis.souri  regiment;  and  the  following 
year  was  made  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  left  the  army  in  1871;  and 
I'racticed  law  in.  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  died 
.fan.  22.  1S97.  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Stevenson,  John  James,  educator,  geolo- 
gist, atithor,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1841,  in 
Ni'W  York  City.  Since  1871  he  has  been 
]irofessor  of  geology  in  the  New  York  uni- 
veisity;  was  United  States  geologist  dur- 
ing 1S73-79  an<l  was  president  of  the  geo- 
logical society  of  America  in  1898.  He  is 
tlie  author  of  six  volumes  on  Geology. 


340 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Stevenson,  John  White,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, United  States  senator,  governor, 
was  born  May  4,  1812,  in  Richmond,  Va. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  legis- 
lature in  1845-47.  He  was  one  of  the  three 
commissioners  appointed  to  revise  the  civil 
and  criminal  code  of  Kentucky.  In  1857- 
61  he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  thirty-fifth  and  thirty-sixth  con- 
gresses. In  1867-68  lie  was  acting  govern- 
or of  Kentucky;  and  in  1868-71  was  the 
twenty-third  governor.  In  1871-77  he  was 
United  States  senator.  He  died  Aug.  10, 
1886,    in    Covington,    Ky. 

Stevenson,  Mark  Delimon,  oculist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Feb.  18,  1876,  in  Canada. 
He  has  invented  several  instruments  for 
eye  surgery.  He  is  the  author  of  Photos- 
copy. 

Stevenson,  Mrs.  Matilda  Coxe,  ethnolo- 
gist, explorer,  autlior,  was  born  in  San  Au- 
gustine, Texas.  Since  1889  she  has  been 
on  the  staff  of  the  bureau  of  the  American 
ethnology  at  the  Smithsonian  institution 
of  Washington,  D.C.  She  has  explored  the 
cave,  clilf  and  mesa  ruins  of  New  Mexico; 
and  visited  all  the  Pueblo  tribes.  She  is 
tb.o  author  of  The  Zuni  and  the  Zunians; 
and   Zuni  Ancestral   Gods   and  Masks. 

Stevenson,  Paul  Eve,  author,  was  born 
May  1!>,  1868,  in  New  York  City.  He  is 
llie  author  of  A  Deep  Water  Voyage:  and 
By  Way  of  Cape  Horn. 

Stevenson,  Robert  Hooper,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Massachusetts.  In  1861  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  fourth  battalion  Massachusetts 
niilitia;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general   of    volunteers. 

Stevenson,  Robert  Montgomery,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  July  17, 
1848,  in  Danville,  Ky.  In  1878  lie  was  or- 
dained to  the  presbyterian  ministry;  and 
imtil  1900  filled  several  pastorates.  Since 
1906  he  has  been  president  of  Westmin- 
ster college  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Stevenson,  Mrs.  Sara  Yorke,  archaeolo- 
gist, author,  was  born  Feb.  19.  1847,  in 
Paris,  France.  She  married  Cornelius  Stev- 
enson in  1870.  In  1894-1900  she  was  presi- 
dent of  the  civic  club  of  Philadelpliia,  Pa. 
She  is  the  author  of  Maximilian  in  Mexico; 
find   The  Book   of   the   Dead. 

Stevenson,  Sarah  Hackett,  jihysician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1846,  in 
Buffalo  Grove,  111.  In  1876  she  was  a  dele- 
gate from  the  Illinois  state  medical  socie- 
ty to  the  American  medical  association  at 
Philadelphia,  and  was  the  first  Avoman  phy- 
sician to  be  elected  a  member  of  tiiat  body. 
She  was  one  of  the  promoters  of  the  Home 
for  incurables  and  Training  school  for 
nurses  in  Chicago;  and  has  a  large  prac- 
tice. She  was  the  author  of  Biology,  in 
two  volumes.  She  died  in  August,  1909,  in 
Chicago,  111. 

Stevenson,  Thomas  Greely,  soldier,  was 
born  Feb.  3,  1836,  in  Boston.  IMass.  He 
successfully  defended  Washington,  N.C., 
against    a    superior    force;    and    became    a 


brigadier-general.  He  was  killed  at  the 
head  of  his  troops  in  the  battle  of  Spott- 
sylvania.  A  memoir  of  General  Stevenson 
was  printed  privately  after  his  death.  He 
died  May  10,  1864,  near  Spottsylvania,  Va. 

Stevenson,  William  E.,  governor.  He  was 
the  second  governor  of  West  Virginia  in 
1869-71.    He    died   in    West   Virginia. 

Stevenson,  William  H.,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  in  1847  in  Bridgeport,  Conn. 
In  1887  he  was  elected  president  of  the 
New  York,  Rutland  and  Montreal  railroad. 

Steveson,  Alexander  King,  merchant,  law- 
3'er,  was  born  March  12,  1847,  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.  He  was  engaged  with  his  fath- 
er in  the  jewelry  business.  In  1880  he  be- 
gan the  practice  of  law  in  Allegheny, 
wliere   he   has    since   practiced. 

Steward,  Mrs.  Electra  Maria,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  6,  1817,  in  Le  Roy, 
N.Y.  She  was  a  writer  of  Detroit,  Mich. 
She  was  the  author  of  Early  History  of 
Michigan;  and  Tlie  Clevelands,  a  religious 
juvenile  tale.    She   died  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Steward,  Lewis,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Nov.  20,  1824,  in  Wayne 
county,  Pa.  He  has  been  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  manufacturing  in  Piano,  111.;  and 
was  democratic  candidate  for  governor  in 
1876.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-second  congress  as  a  democrat. 
He  died  Aug.  27,   1896,  in  Piano,  111. 

Steward,  Theophilus  Gould,  educator, 
clergyman,  chaplain,  author,  was  born 
April  17,  1843,  near  Bridgeton,  N.J.  He  re- 
ceived the  rudiments  of  his  education  in 
tlie  public  schools;  and  in  1880  graduated 
from  the  divinity  school  of  the  protestant 
episcopal  church  at  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.  For 
awliile  he  Avas  cashier  of  the  Freedman's 
bank;  was  a  school  teacher;  and  for  a 
number  of  years  was  a  missionary  in 
South  Carolina  and  Georgia.  In  1873  he 
visited  Hayti  as  a  representative  of  the 
African  methodist  episcopal  church;  and 
lias  filled  pastorates  in  New  York,  New 
Jersey,  Pennsylvania  and  the  south.  He 
is  the  author  of  Genesis  Re-read;  and 
numerous  Monograms  and  religio-scientific 
articles. 

Stewardson,  Langdon  Cheves,  educator, 
clergyman,  college  president,  was  born 
}^ov.  10,  1850,  in  ^Marietta,  Ga.  In  1880-84 
lie  was  rector  at  Webster,  Mass.;  in  1888- 
98  was  rector  of  St.  Mark's  church  of  Wor- 
cester, Mass.;  and  in  1898-1903  was  chap- 
lain and  professor  of  philosophy  at  Le- 
Ingli  university.  Since  1903  he  has  been 
[)ivsident  of  Hobart  college  of  Geneva,  N.Y. 

Stewardson,  Thomas,  physician,  author, 
was  born  July  10,  1807.  in  Philadeliihia.  Pa. 
In  1860  he  introduced  into  this  country 
tlie  new  silk-worm,  bourbyx  cynthiii, 
which  he  fed  on  leaves  of  the  ailantus 
tree.  He  was  the  autlior  of  a  Life  of  Dr. 
(Jerhard;  and  edited,  with  additions.  El- 
liotson's  Principles  of  TMedicine.  He  died 
June   30,    1878,   in    Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 


HERRINGSHAWS  I^IBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


341 


Stewart,  Alexander,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  the  United  States  for  the 
territory  of  Illinois,  and  hold  the  position 
until  the  organization  of  the  state  govern- 
ment  in   1818.    He  died  in  Illinois. 

Stewart,  Alexander,  merchant,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  12,  1829,  in  Canada. 
In  1849  lie  moved  to  where  the  city  of 
Wausau  is  now  located;  and  was  engaged 
in  tlie  lumber  business.  In  1895-1901  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-fourth, 
fifty-fifth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses  as  a 
K'publican.    lie  died  May  24,  1912. 

Stewart,  Alexander  Peter,  soldier,  edu- 
cator, was  born  Oct.  2,  1821,  in  Rogersville, 
Tenn.  He  became  brigadier-general  in  the 
confederate  army  in  1861;  major-general 
ir  1863;  and  lieutenant-general  in  1864. 
In  1868  he  became  professor  of  mathemat- 
ics and  natural  philosophy  in  Cumberland 
university  at  Lebanon,  Tenn.  In  1874-S6 
l.c  was  chancellor  of  the  university  of  Mis- 
sissippi; and  in  1890-1906  was  commis- 
sioner to  the  Chickamauga  national  park. 
He  died  Aug.  30,  1908,  in  Biloxi,  Miss. 

Stewart,  Alexander  Tumey,  merchant, 
was  burn  Oct.  12,  1803,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
considered  the  greatest  merchant  in  the 
world.  He  is  said  to  have  made  his  im- 
mense fortune  by  attending  to  details,  and 
following  closely  the  one-priced  system  of 
merchandishing,  of  which  he  was  the  fath- 
er. He  died  April  10,  1876,  in  New  York 
City. 

Stewart,  Alvan,  reformer,  was  born  Sept. 
1.  1790,  in  South  Granville,  N.Y.  He  re- 
moved to  Utica,  N.Y.  His  life  was  mainly 
given  to  the  temperance  and  the  anti- 
shiverv  causes.  A  volume  of  his  speeclies 
was  published  in  1860.  He  died  May  1,  1849, 
in  New  York  City. 

Stewart,  Andrew,  agriculturist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  in  June, 
1792.  in  Fayette  county.  Pa.  He  served 
tiiree  years  in  tlie  Pennsylvania  state  leg- 
islature; and  was  appointed  by  President 
]\roinoe  district  attornev  for  western  Peiiii- 
.sylvania.  In  1821-29.  1831-3.")  and  1843-47 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
in  the  seventeentli  to  the  twentietli,  the 
twenty-second,  twenty-third  and  twenty- 
eiglith  to  the  tliirtieth  congresses.  He  died 
•Inly    16.    1872,    in    l^niontown.    Pa. 

Stewart,  Archibald,  congressman.  He  was 
a  delegate  from  New  .Torsey  to  the  con- 
tinental congress  in  1784-8.')  to  fill  a  tem- 
I'orary   vncMticy.    Ifi'  dii'd   in  New  .Terscy. 

Stewart,  Archibald,  congn-ssman,  was 
horn  in  Virginia.  In  1833-3')  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Virginia  to  the  iwenty- 
tiftli  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in 
\irgiiii;i. 

Stewart,  Austin,  educator,  author,  was 
born  about  1793  in  Prince  William  county, 
Va.  In  1837  he  opened  a  .school  in  Can- 
andaigua,  N.Y. ;  and  two  years  later  be- 
came agent  for  the  Anti-Slavery  Standard. 
He  was  the  author  of  Twenty-Two   Years 


a  Slave  and  Forty  Years  a  Freeman.    He 
died    about    1860    in    Canandaigua,   N.Y. 

Stewart,  Charles,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1729  in  Ireland.  He  became 
a  deputy  surveyor-general  of  the  province 
of  Pennsylvania.  In  1777  he  was  appointed 
by  congress  commissiary-general  of  issues 
in  the  continental  army;  and  served  as 
such  on  Washington's  stafT  until  the  close 
of  the  war.  In  1784-85  he  was  a  delegate 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  continental  con- 
gress. He  died  June  24,  1800,  in  Fleming- 
ton,  N.J. 

Stewart,  Charles,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  May  30,  1836,  in 
^Memphis,  Tenn.  In  1866  lie  moved  to  Hous- 
ton, Texas;  was  city  attorney  in  1872; 
and  served  two  terms  as  a  state  senator. 
In  1883-93  he  was  a  representative  from 
Texas  to  the  forty-eighth,  forty-ninth,  fif- 
tieth, fifty-first  and  fifty-second  congresses 
as  a  democrat.  He  died  Sept.  21,  1895,  in 
Houston.  Texas. 

Stewart,  Charles  Samuel,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1795,  in  Fleming- 
ton,  N.J.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergj'- 
man;  and  cliaplain  in  the  navy.  He  was 
the  author  of  Residence  at  the  Sandwich 
islands  in  1823-25;  Visit  to  the  South  Seas 
in  the  Ship  Vincennes;  Sketches  of  So- 
ciety in  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  in  1832; 
Brazil  and  La  Plata  in  1850-53;  and  Per- 
sonal Record  of  a  Cruise.  He  died  Dec. 
14.    1870,   in   Cooperstown,  N.Y. 

Stewart,  Charlesi  Seaforth,  soldier,  was 
born  April  11.  1823,  at  sea.  Ho  served 
during  the  civil  war  in  the  corps  of  engi- 
neers, was  made  major  in  1863;  and  was 
chief  engineer  of  the  middle  military  di- 
vision in  lS()4-65.  He  was  made  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  1867;  colonel  in  1882;  and  was 
retired  in  1886.  He  died  in  1904  in  Coop- 
erstown,   N.Y. 

Stewart,  David,  lawyer.  Ignited  States 
senator,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1800,  in  Balti- 
more Md.  In  1849-51  he  was  Tnited  States 
senator  from  Maryland  to  fill  a  vacancy. 
He  was  commissioner  of  public  buildings 
for  the  District  of  Columbia.  Ho  died  Jan. 
5.    1858,   in    Baltimore,  :Md. 

Stewart,  David,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  24,  1856,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  Since  1880 
he  has  practiced  law  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He 
is  the  author  of  Husband  and  Wife;  Mar- 
riage  and   Divorce;    anil   other    works. 

Stewart,  Edwin,  naval  officer,  was  born 
May  5,  1837,  in  New  York  City.  In  1861 
he  was  ajipointed  from  New  \'ork  assistant 
paymaster  in  the  ITnited  States  navy.  In 
1900  ho  was  aj)pointod  paymaster-general; 
and  in  1909  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of 
icar-adrniral. 

Stewart,  Eliza  Daniel,  philanthropist, 
temperance  evangelist,  was  born  April  26, 
1816.  in  Piketon,  Ohio.  She  organized  the 
first  ^\'onlan's  union  in  the  groat  temper- 
ance cause;  and  was  called  Mother  Stew- 
art.    She    was    the    author   of    Memories   of 


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the  Crusade;  and  The  Crusader  in  Great 
Britain.  She  died  Aug.  6,  1908,  in  Hicks- 
ville,   Ohio. 

Stewart,  Ferdinand  Campbell,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  10,  1815,  in  Will- 
iamsburg, Va.  He  was  for  many  years  the 
family  physician  of  President  Tyler.  In 
1849-55  he  was  the  first  physician  of  the 
Marine  hopsital  on  Staten  island.  He  was 
the  author  of  Hospitals  and  Surgeons  of 
Paris.    He  died  m  New  York  City. 

Stewart,  George  Black,  educator,  college 
pi-osi(lent,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1854,  in  Co- 
lumbus, Ohio.  Since  1899  he  has  been 
president  and  professor  of  practical  theol- 
ogy at  the  Auburn  theological  seminary 
of  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  Life  of 
Jesus  for  Juniors;  A  Study  of  the  Life 
of  Jesus ;   and  other  works. 

Stewart,  George  Neil,  educator,  physi- 
cian, author,  was  born  about  1859  in  Can- 
ada. Since  1907  he  has  been  professor  of 
experimental  medicine  in  the  Western  re- 
serve university  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  Manual  of  Physiology. 

Stewart,  Gideon  Tabor,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, prohibitionist,  stateman,  was  born  Aug. 
7,    1824,    in    Jolmstown,    N.Y.    He   attended 

Oberlin  college ;  and 
was  admitted  to 
the  bar  1  n  1846. 
In  1861  he  moved  to 
Iowa,  where  he  edit- 
ed and  published 
the  Dubuque  Daily 
Times  during  the 
civil  war;  and  then 
returned  t  o  Ohio. 
He  was  elected 
three  times  the  grand 
worthy  chief  Tem- 
plar by  the  Good 
templars  of  Iowa;  and  has  been  their  nomi- 
nee three  times  for  governor,  seven  times 
for  supreme  judge,  once  for  congress,  and 
once  for  vice-president  of  the  United  States. 
He  has  been  president  of  the  Fireland's  his- 
torical society;  and  was  one  of  the  founders 
and  first  officers  of  the  Whittlesey  academy 
of  arts  and  sciences  at  Norwalk.  He  died 
.liinc   !),   1909.  in  Pasadena,  Cal. 

Stewart,  Harlow  Lincoln,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, state  senator,  author,  was  born  Dec. 
12,   1861.  in  Norwalk,  Ohio.    He  is  a  writer 

and  journalist  of 
Norwaik,  Ohio.  He 
was  a  member  of  the 
seventieth  assembly 
of  the  Ohio  state 
senate.  He  was  ed- 
itor of  the  Norwalk 
Daily  News  until 
1884;  and  since  that 
time  has  been  edit- 
or of  the  Norwalk 
Experiment.  He  i  s 
the  author  of  a  se- 
rial entitled  The 
Sioux    Raid;     and    has    contributed    exten- 


sively to  current  publications,  which  have 
been  a  valuable  acquisition  to  American 
literature. 

Stewart,  Humphrey  John,  musician,  com- 
])()ser,  was  born  May  22,  1856,  in  London, 
England.  He  received  the  honorary  degree 
of  Mus.  Doc.  from  the  university  of  the 
Pacific.  In  1886-1901  he  was  organist  of 
churches  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  in  1901- 
02  was  organist  of  Trinity  church  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.;  and  since  1902  has  been  organ- 
ist of  St.  Dominic's  church  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  In  1901  he  was  solo  organist 
at  the  Pan-American  exposition.  He  is  a 
teacher  of  music,  has  been  music  critic  for 
the  San  Francisco  Examiner  and  San 
Francisco  Evening  Post;  and  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  American  guild  of  or- 
ganists. He  has  composed  the  romantic  op- 
era Blufl^  King  Hal;  and  the  comic  operas 
His  Majesty  and  The  Conspirators;  the 
orchestral  suite;  Scenes  in  California;  and 
IMontezuma;  and  also  incidental  music  to 
many  plays,  numerous  songs,  pianoforte 
and  violin  pieces,  part-songs  and  church 
music. 

Stewart,  Isaac  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
Jan.  10,  1854,  in  Knox  county,  Ky.  Since 
1891  he  has  been  judge  of  the  criminal 
court  at  De  Land,  Fla.  He  is  one  of  the 
laigest   orange  growers   in  his  section. 

Stewart,  Jacob  Henry,  surgeon,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Jan.  15, 
1829,  in  Clermont,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Minnesota  state  senate  in  1858-59; 
and  was  surgeon-general  of  the  state  in 
1857-6,3.  He  was  appointed  surgeon  of  the 
first  Minnesota  volunteer  infantry  in  1861. 
He  was  surgeon  of  the  board  of  enroll- 
ment in  1864-65.  He  was  postmaster  of 
St.  Paul  in  1865-70;  and  mayor  of  St.  Paul 
in  1864-65  and  1872-74.  In  1877-79  he  was 
a  representative  from  Minnesota  to  the 
forty-fifth  congress  as  a  republican.  He 
died  Aug.  25,  1844,  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

Stewart,  James,  congi-essman,  was  born 
in  1770  in  North  Carolina.  In  1817-19  he 
was  a  representative  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  fifteenth  congress.  He  died  on  Feb. 
3,  1842,  in  North  Carolina. 

Stewart,  James,  physician,  author,  was 
born  April  7,  1799,  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  a  physician  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Diseases  of  Children; 
and  The  Lungs.  He  died  Sept.  12,  1864,  in 
Rye,  N.Y. 

Stewart,  James,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
.lersey.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  in 
the  ninth  regiment  New  Jersey  volunteer 
infantry;  in  1862  he  bccaTue  captain  and 
major;  "in  1864  was  promoted  to  colonel; 
and  in  1865  was  brevettod  brigadier-general 
or  the  United  States  volunteers  for  meri- 
torious services. 

Stewart,  James  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  24, 
1808,  ill  Dorchester  county,  Md.  He  serv- 
ed   in    the    state    legislature;    and    was    a 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


343 


judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Maryland. 
In  1S.").')-()1  ho  was  a  reprcsi'iitativo  from 
Maryland  to  tlu"  thirty-fourth,  thirty-lilth 
and' thirty-sixth  congro-sscs.  He  died  in 
Maryland. 

Stewart,  James  Fleming,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  1."),  1851,  in  Pat- 
erson,  X.J.    He  graduated  at  the  Law  school 

of  the  university  of 
New  York  in  1870, 
taking  the  first  prize 
for  best  examination. 
He  practiced  law  in 
New  York  City  until 
1875,  when  he  mov- 
ed to  New  Jersey.  He 
was  three  times  ap- 
pointed recorder  of 
Paterson;  and  was 
the  criminal  magis- 
trate of  the  city, 
which  office  he  occu- 
l)ied  at  the  time  of  his  election  to  congress. 
in  181)5-1903  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth  and  fif- 
tv-seventh  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died   Jan.   21,   1904,   in   Paterson,  N.J. 

Stewart,  James  Aloysius,  physician,  pub- 
lic official,  was  born  April  3,  1828,  in  Balti- 
more, yid.  He  established  himself  in  prac- 
tice in  Baltimore,  Md.;  became  physician 
to  the  city  general  dispensary;  and  assist- 
ant physician  to  the  Maryland  hospital 
for  the  insane.  Since  1875  he  has  been 
healtli  commissioner;  also  registrar  of  vital 
statistics;  and  president  of  the  city  board 
of  health.  He  checked  an  incipient  out- 
break of  yellow  fever  in  1886;  and  has 
aided  in  suppressing  two  epidemics  of 
small-jKJX. 

Stewart,  Jane  Agnes,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  Ki,  18(i0,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Since  1898  she  has  been  editorial  writer 
of  the  Boston  Transcript.  She  is  the  a\i- 
thor  of    ihe  Frances  Willard  Book. 

Stewart,  John,  congressman.  In  1799- 
iS(i5  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth 
cdiigresses.     He    died    in    Pennsylvania. 

Stewart,  John,  agriculturist,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1795  in  Ciiatham,  Conn.  He  served  many 
years  in  the  Connecticut  legislature;  and 
was  judge  of  Middlesex  county  court.  In 
1843-45  he  was  a  representative  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  twenty-eighth  congress.  He 
died    Sept.    If).    18(i(».    in    Ciiatham.   Conn. 

Stewart,  John,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
jurist,  wiis  Ixini  Nov.  4,  1839,  in  Siiip|)ens- 
burg.  I'a.  In  lH(i4  ho  was  a  delegate  to 
tlif  r<iMil)li<  an  national  convention;  was  a 
dfh'giiti-  tti  tlie  national  (•onvcnti()n  in  1884; 
and  in  1872  was  a  member  of  tlie  state 
constitiitioiuil  convention  of  Pennsylvania. 
Ill  l,SS()-84  he  was  a  member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania stiite  senate;  and  since  1888  has 
been  j)residing  judge  of  the  thirty-nintli 
judicial  district  of  Pennsylvania.  Since 
1006   he   has   been    associate  justice   of   the 


supreme     court    of    Pennsylvania    for    the 
term    ciuliiig    in    1S27. 

Stewart,  John  Aikman,  bunker,  financier, 
was  born  Aug.  26,  1822,  in  New  York  City. 
He    was   educated   in   the   public   schools   of 

New  York  City,  from 
whence  he  entered 
Columbia  c  o  1  lege, 
completed  the  scien- 
tific and  literary 
courses  and  gradu- 
ated in  1840.  In  1842- 
50  he  was  clerk  of 
the  board  of  educa- 
tion ;  afld  then  he  be- 
came actuary  of  the 
United  States  life 
insurance  company. 
In  1853  he  became 
secretary  of  the  United  States  trust  com- 
pany of  New  York;  and  in  1864  became 
assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States  at 
New  York.  He  became  president  of  the 
United  States  trust  company;  was  a  di- 
rector of  the  Merchants'  national  bank; 
a  director  of  the  Bank  of  New  Amsterdam; 
a  director  of  the  Greenwich  savings  bank; 
and  was  also  a  director  of  two  insurance 
companies. 

Stewart,  John  D.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
clergy  Mian,  cuiigiessnian,  was  born  Aug.  2, 
1833,  in  Fayette  county,  Ga.  He  was  pro- 
bate judge  for  five  years;  and  was  lieu- 
tenant and  captain  in  the  thirteenth  Geor- 
gia regiment  during  tne  civil  war.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Georgia  legislature  in 
1865-67.  He  was  mayor  of  Griffin  in  1875- 
76.  He  was  judge  of  the  superior  court  in 
1879-96.  In  1887-91  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fiftieth  and  fifty-first  congress- 
es as  a  democrat.  He  died  Jan.  28,  1894, 
in  Griffin,  Ga. 

Stewart,  John  Knox,  manufacturer,  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  20.  1853. 
in  Perth,  N.Y.  He  became  proprietor  of 
the  Forest  paper  mills  which  were  estab- 
lished by  his  father;  and  in  1888  became 
proprietor  of  the  Chuctanunda  hosiery 
mills.  In  1889  he  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  New  York  state  assembly.  In  1899- 
1903  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh 
congresses  as  a    republican. 

Stewart,  John  Wolcott,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressinan.  governor,  was  born 
Nov.  24.  1825.  in  Middh-bury.  Vt.  He  was 
state's    attorney    for    his    native    county    in 

re|iresentative  in  the 
1856-57;  was  a  state 
and  was  again  in  the 
H('  was  the  twenty- 
Vermont  in  1870-72; 
and  was  again  a  representative  in  the  leg- 
islature in  1876-77.  In  1883-91  he  was  a 
representative  from  Vermont  to  the  forty- 
eighth,  forty-ninth,  fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
congresses   as   a    republican. 

Stewart,  Lewis,  lawyer,  farmer,  manu- 
facturer,  congressman,    was   born   Nov.    20, 


1852-55.     He    was    a 
state    legislature    in 
senator   in    1862-63: 
assembly    in    1864-67 
eighth     governor    of 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


1824,  in  Wayne  county,  Pa.  In  1838  he 
moved  to  Kendall  county,  III.;  and  in  1876 
was  a  candidate  for  governor.  In  1889-91 
he  was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to 
tlie  fifty-second  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Stewart,  Marcus  A.,  author,  poet,  was 
born  8ept.  21,  1852,  in  Madison,  Wis.  He 
is  a  writer  of  San  Jose,  Cal.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  Rosita. 

Stewart,  Orrville  H.,  journalist,  poet,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  25,  1876,  in  Adams,  Ind. 
He  was  city  editor  of  the  Daily  New  Era 
of  Greensburg,  Ind.;  special  correspondent 
of  several  metropolitan  dailies,  and  being 
for  some  time  regular  contributor  to  the 
Louisville  Courier-Journal,  tlie  Chicago 
Chronicle.  Indianapolis  Journal,  and  the 
Cincinnati  Commercial  Gazette.  His  best- 
known  poem  is  Down  on  the  Farm,  and  his 
Hoosier  Stories  have  been  widely  copied 
in  the  periodical  press. 

Stewart,  Philo  Penfield,  educator,  found- 
er, was  born  in  July,  1798,  in  Sherman, 
Conn.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Ober- 
lin  college.    He  died  Dec.   13,  1868,  in  Ohio. 

Stewart,  Reuben  Elmer,  business  man, 
educator,  was  born  June  13,  1864,  in  West- 
moreland county,  Pa.  He  was  educated  in 
the  grammar  and  central  high  scliools  of 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  and  graduated  from  West- 
minster college  of  New  Wilmington,  Pa. 
For  many  years  he  was  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile work;  and  was  a  carpet  and  furni- 
ture salesman  in  Omaha,  Neb.  For  seven 
years  he  was  a  teacher  in  the  Nebraska 
school  for  the  deaf;  and  for  two  years  was 
a  teacher  in  the  school  for  the  deaf  at 
Council  Bluffs.  Iowa.  He  is  now  superin- 
tendent of  the  school  for  the  deaf  and  dumb 
at  Omaha.  Neb. 

Stewart,  Robert  Laird,  educator,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1840,  in 
Murrysville,  Pa.  In  1869  he  was  ordained 
to  the  prebyterian  ministry;  and  since  1890 
has  been  professor  of  pastoral  theology, 
biblical  archaeology  and  Christian  evidences; 
iiiid  dean  of  the  faculty  of  the  theological 
seminary  of  Lincoln  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania. He  is  the  author  of  The  Place 
;ui(l  Value  of  Pastoral  Theology  in  the  Cur- 
riculum of  Iheological  Study;  The  Land  of 
Israel:  Memorable  Places  Among  the  Holy 
Hills:    and    liiograpliy    of    Sheldon    Jackson. 

Stewart,  Robert  Mercellus,  state  senator, 
governor,  was  born  March  12,  1815.  in 
Truxton,  N.Y.  In  1845  he  was  a  delegate 
to  t]i(>  Missouri  state  constitutional  con- 
vention; and  for  ten  years  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate.  He  was  the  twelfth 
governor  of  Missouri  in  1857-61.  He  died 
Se))t.   21,    1871.    in    St.   Joseph.   Mo. 

Stewart,  Thomas  E.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Sept.  22, 
1824,  in  New  York  City.  In  1854  he  was 
elected  a  commissioner  of  common  schools; 
and  in  1864-65  was  a  member  of  the  N(>w 
York  state  assembly.  In  1867-69  lie  was 
a    representative    from    New    York    to    the 


fortieth  congress.     He  died  in  1904,  in  New 
York    City. 

Stewart,  Thomas  Jamison,  soldier,  legis- 
lator, adjutant-general,  was  born  Sept.  11, 
1848,  near  Belfast,  Ireland.  He  served  in 
the  civil  war  as  a  private  in  the  one  hundred 
and  thirty-eighth  ,  regiment  Pennsylvania 
volunteers.  In  1890  he  was  department 
commander  for  Pennsylvania  of  the  grand 
army  of  the  republic;  in  1898-1901  was  ad- 
jutant-general of  the  grand  army  of  the 
republic;  and  in  1903  was  commander  in 
ciiief.  In  1885-86  he  was  a  representative 
in  the  Pennsylvania  state  legislature;  and 
since  1868  has  been  connected  with  the 
Pennsylvania  national  guard.  In  1886-94 
he  was  secretary  of  internal  affairs;  and 
since  1895  has  been  adjutant-general  of 
.  I'ennsylvania. 

Stewart,  Thomas  McCants,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  28,  1854,  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  He  has  been  professor  of  mathematics 
ill  the  state  agricultural  college  of  South 
Carolina;  and  since  1886  has  practiced 
law  in  New  York  City.  In  1891-95  he  was 
a  member  of  the  board  of  education  of 
the  city  of  Brooklyn.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
I  jl)eria. 

Stewart,  Thomas  Milton,  oculist,  aurist, 
author,  was  born  May  13,  1866,  in  Cin- 
cinnati. Ohio.  Since  1889  he  has  been 
practicing  as  an  oculist  and  aurist  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio;  and  has  been  president  of 
the  Ohio  state  homoeopathic  medical  so- 
ciety. He  is  tlie  author  of  The  Antiquity 
of  ilan;  Masonry  and  the  Higher  Evolu- 
tion of  Man;  and  The  Secret  Teachings  of 
.lesns. 

Stewart,  Walter,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
born  about  1756.  He  served  with  credit 
throughout  the  revolutionary,  war,  retir- 
ing in  1783  with  the  brevet  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general. He  was  afterward  well  known 
as  a  merchant  of  Philadelphia:  and  became 
major-general  of  the  state  militia.  His  full- 
length  portrait  is  in  Colonel  Trumbull's 
picture  of  the  surrender  of  Cornwallis.  He 
(lied  June   14,   1796,   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Stewart,  William,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  16,  1811,  in 
Mercer,  Pa.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Pennsylvania  state  senate  for  three  years. 
In  1857-61  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  thirty-fifth  and  thirty- 
sixth  congresses.     He  died  in  Pennsylvania. 

Stewart,  William  Henry,  naval  oflRcer, 
was  born  July  11,  1831.  in  Andover.  ]\Iass. 
In  1863  he  was  appointed  chaplain  in  the 
United  States  navy;  served  in  the  naval 
station  of  Cairo,  111.;  in  the  naval  academy; 
and  later  on  various  vessels  and  at  various 
stations.  He  retired  in  1893:  and  in  190C 
was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  reai-admiral 
lor  service  during  the  civil  war. 

Stewart,  William  Morris,  lawyer.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  9,  1827.  in 
Lyons.  N.Y.  In  1860  he  removed  to  Vir- 
ginia   City,    Nev.,    where    he    was    largely 


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345 


litigation 


and  in 
Conistock  lode, 
he    was    United 


engaged   in   early  mining 
tlic     (U'volopnient     of     the 
in     ISGIi-T.")    and    ISST-llKhi 
States    senator. 

Stewart,   William  Hemry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
leetnrer,    author,    was    born    Sept.   25,    1838, 


in 


1  )i'ep 


Creek,  Va.  Since  1873  he  has  been 
engaged  in  tlie  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Vir- 
ginia. For  two  terms 
of  four  years  each  he 
was  commonwealth's 
attorney  for  the  coun- 
ty of  Norfolk;  dur- 
ing 1887-94  was  vice- 
president  and  director 
of  the  Portsmouth 
Street  railway  com- 
pany ;  was  president 
of  the  Port  Norfolk 
Electric  railway, 
which  runs  from  Portsmouth  to  Port  Nor- 
folk, of  which  latter  city  he  was  the  found- 
er. He  is  the  author  of  The  Battle  of  the 
(rater:  and  a  number  of  articles  contrib- 
uted to  current  literature.  He  served  as  cap- 
tain, major  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  con- 
federate army;  was  in  over  thirty  engage- 
ments, including  Fredericksburg,  Chancel- 
lorsville,  (Jettysburg.  Wilderness.  Spottsyl- 
vania,  Cold  Harbor,  Crater,  and  surrendered 
at  Appomattox  in  Mahone's  division,  army 
of    iHirthcrn    Virginia. 

Stewart,  William  P.,  actuary,  author,  was 
horn  Feb.  14,  1840,  in  Bath.  .Maine.  Since 
180!)  he  has  been  a  life  insurance  actuary 
of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
Abstract  Identities;  and  Concrete  Identi- 
ties. 

Stewart,  William  Scott,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Scotland.  In  18(12  he  was  major  in 
the  si.vty-lifth  regiment  Illinois  infantry; 
and  in  ISd.")  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  voluiiteers.  He  died  in  January, 
1804,    in     Illinois. 

Stibbs,  John  Howard,  soldier,  was  born 
ill  Ohio.  In  1S()1  \\v  was  captain  in  the 
(wtlftli  regiment  Iowa  infantry;  and  in 
lS(i.")  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
in   ISfiO. 

Stickler,    Joseph    William,    scientist,    was 
born   .lune   2»i.    18.')4.     Hi-    is   identified    witli 
and    pnl)lic    alfairs    of    New 
Jersey.      Mucli    origi- 
"  nal     woik     has     been 

performed   by   him    in 
^  attemi)ting  to  discov- 

er a  disease  in  tin; 
lower  animals,  wliicli 
will  fiirnish  viiiis, 
which,  when  intro- 
duced into  the  liuinan 
tissues,  will  render 
them  proof  against 
the  contagion  of  scar- 
"^  let  fever.  He  has 
done  much  to  secure 
lion  as  will  probably  rc- 


tlie    business 


'lfc» 


such  legislati.. 


r 


suit  in   the   eradication   of  bovine   tubercu- 
losis  from   the  state  of  New  Jersey, 

Stickney,  Albert,  soldier,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  1,  1839,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Lawyer  and  His 
Clients;  A  True  Republican;  The  Political 
Problem;  The  Transvaal  Outlook;  and  Or- 
ganized Democracy. 

Stickney,  Alpheua  Beede,  lawyer,  railroad 
president,  linancier,  was  born  June  27,  1840, 
in  Wilton,  Maine.  In  1871  he  organized 
and  built  the  lirst  section  of  the  North 
Wisconsin  railway,  now  a  part  of  the  Chi- 
cago, St.  Paul  and  Omalia  system.  In  1881 
he  organized  and  built  the  first  section  of 
the  Wisconsin,  Minnesota  and  Mississippi 
lailway;  and  in  1883  began  the  construc- 
tion of  the  Chicago  great  western  railway, 
of  which  he  is  president. 

Stickney,  Amos,  soldier,  was  born  Aug. 
27,  1843,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1864  he  was 
commissioned  first  lieutenant  of  engineers; 
in  1887  became  captain;  in  1891  was  pro- 
moted major;  in  1893  became  lieutenant- 
colonel  and  in  1907  was  retired  by  opera- 
tion of  law  with  the  rank  of  brigadie'r- 
general.  He  was  chairman  of  the  commis- 
sion to  establish  and  mark  the  boundary 
line  between  the  states  of  Indiana  and  Ken- 
tucky. 

Stickney,  Edward  Swan,  banker,  financier, 
was  born  Oct.  7,  1824,  in  Newburyport, 
Mass.  In  1859  he  was  manager  of  a  clear- 
ing house;  and  for  several  years  was  at 
the  liead  of  that  institution.  In  1873  he 
was  president  of  the  Stockyards  national 
Lank.  He  died  March  20,  1880,  in  Chicago, 
ill. 

Stickney,  John,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  in  1742,  in  Stoughton,  Mass,  He  trav- 
eled extensively  through  the  New  England 
states;  and  acquired  reputation  as  a  teach- 
er and  composer.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Centlcmen  and  Ladies'  Musical  Com- 
panion, a  valuable  collection  of  psalms  and 
anthems,  togetiier  with  ex])lanatory  rules 
for  learning  to  sing.  He  died  in  1826,  in 
South   Hadley.  Mass. 

Stickney,  Mrs.  Julia  Noyes,  litterateur, 
|ioet.  was  born  July  5,  1830,  in  West  New- 
bury, .Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  Poems 
(11  Lake  Winn('|)esaukee;  One  Hundred 
Sonnets;  jiiid  In  the  X'alley  of  tlie  Merri- 
mack. 

Stickney,  William  Brunswick  Curry,  law- 
yer, bank' r.  s(;it«'siiian.  was  born  .Ian.  T, 
184.">,  in  Maiiilehead.  .Mass.  He  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  witii  tiie  degree  of 
.\.l?..  and  from  Dartmouth  college  with  div 
gree  of  .A.M.  He  is  president  of  the  Na- 
tional White  River  bank  of  Betliei;  a  di- 
lector  of  the  N'ermont  X'alley  railroad  and 
other  railroads;  and  a  partner  in  tlie  lirm 
of  llunton  and  Stickney.  He  has  been 
state's  attorney  of  NN'indsor  county;  and 
;i  representative  from  iietlir]  to  the  general 
assembly  of  X'erinont.  lie  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Vermont  bar  association. 


346 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Stickney,  William  Wallace,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator, governor,  was  born  March  21,  185.'}, 
in  Plymouth,  Vt.  In  1882-84  and  1890-92 
l,e  was  state's  attorney;  and  in  1892-90 
represented  Ludlow  in  the  Vermont  state 
legislature;  and  served  as  speaker  of  the 
liouse  of  representatives  during  that  time. 
In  1900-02  he  was  the  forty-third  governor 
of  Vermont. 

Steigel,  Henrick  Wilhelm  Von,  manufac- 
turer, founder,  was  born  in  1730,  in  Ger- 
many. He  was  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  wood-burning  stoves.  In  1862  he  bought 
a  tract  of  land,  and  laid  out  the  town  of 
Manheim,  where  lie  erected  the  first  glass 
factory  in  America.  In  1772  he  founded 
the  German  lutheran  church  of  Manheim. 
He  died  in  1783  in  Charming  Forge,  Pa. 

Stieglitz,  Alfred,  photographer,  artist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  1,  1864,  in  Hoboken, 
N.J.  He  founded  and  is  editor  of  Camera 
Notes;  devotes  his  energies  to  the  advance- 
ment of  American  pictorial  photography; 
and  has  won  over  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
live  medals  for  photography.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Picturesque  Bits  of  New  York,  and 
Otlier  Stories. 

Stifler,  James  Madison,  educator,  clergy- 
man, tlicuk)gian,  author,  was  born  Dec.  8, 
1839,  near  Altoona,  Pa.  In  1871-75  he  filled" 
tlie  chair  of  Bible  exegesis  in  Shurtleff  col- 
lege; and  in  1882  was  called  to  the  same 
chair  in  the  Crozer  theological  seminary. 
He  was  the  author  of  Introduction  to  Book 
of  Acts;  and  Commentary  on  tlie  Epistle 
to  the  Romans.  He  died  in  1902,  in  Chester, 
Pa. 

Stilesy  Charles  Wardell,  educator,  zoolo- 
gist, author,  was  born  May  15,  1867,  in 
Spring  Valley,  JSi.Y.  He  was  professor  of 
zoology  in  the  Georgetown  university;  zo- 
ologist in  the  bureau  of  animal  industry  of 
the  United  States  department  of  agricul- 
ture; and  special  lecturer  in  medical  zool- 
ogy Johns  Hopkins  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  Revision  of  the  Adult  Cestodes 
of  Cattle,  Sheep  and  Allied  Animals;  Tri- 
chinosis in  Germany;  and  many  other  zo- 
ological works. 

Stiles,  Edward  H.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1836,  in 
Granby,  Conn.  He  received  his  education 
in  the  schools  of  New  England;  and  in  1857 
began  the  practice  of  law  in  Ottumwa, 
Iowa.  In  1859  he  became  city  attorney; 
and  in  1861  was  elected  county  attorney. 
In  1863  he  became  a  representative  in  thr 
Iowa  general  state  assembly;  and  at  the 
close  of  his  term  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  Iowa  state  senate.  In  1867-75  he  Avas 
:i  r('])orter  of  the  supreme  court;  and  dur- 
ing his  term  edited  and  published  fifteen 
volumes  of  Stiles'  Iowa  Reports.  In  1883 
he  was  the  republican  candidate  for  con- 
gress. Since  1886  he  has  resided  in  Kan- 
sas City,  Mo.;  and  has  served  as  circuit 
judge  and  master  in  chancery  of  tlie  United 
States  circuit  court.  He  is  the  author  of 
four  volumes  of  Decisions  of  the  Iowa  Su- 


preme   Court;    and    History    of    the    Early 
I'.encli  and  Bar  of  Iowa. 

Stiles,  Ezra,  clergyman,  scientist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  29,  1727,  in  North  Haven, 
Conn.  He  was  a  congregational  clergyman; 
and  was  president  of  Yale  college  in  1778- 
'.).").  He  conducted  the  first  electrical  ex- 
periments in  New  England.  He  was  the 
author  of  Account  of  the  Settlement  of 
Bristol,  R.I.;  and  history  of  Three  of  the 
Judges  of  Charbs  the  First,  Whalley,  Goffe, 
and  Dixwell.  He  died  May  12,  1795,  in 
New  Haven,  Conn. 

Stiles,  George  P.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  New  York;  and  removed  to  Iowa.  In 
18.14  he  was  appointed  an  associate  judge 
of  the  United  States  court  for  the  terri- 
tory  of   I^tah.     He   died   in   Utah. 

Stiles,  Henry  J.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1862 
he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of   Kentucky. 

Stiles,  Henry  Reed,  physician,  author,  was 
born  March  10,  1832,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1870-73  he  was  health  inspector  in  the 
board  of  health  of  New  Y^ork  City.  In 
1882-85  he  was  a  professor  in  the  New 
York  women's  college  and  hospital;  and 
was  a  founder  of  the  public  health  associ- 
ation of  New  York  City  in  1872.  He  is 
the  author  of  History  and  Genealogies  of 
Ancient  Windsor,  Connecticut;  History  of 
Brooklyn,  Long  Island;  and  The  Wallabout 
Prison    Ship. 

Stiles,  Israel  Newton,  soldier,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator, was  born  July  16,  1833,  in  Suffield, 
Conn.  He  was  prosecuting  attorney  two 
years;  and  a  member  of  the  Indiana  legis- 
lature. He  became  active  as  an  anti-slavery 
(irator  during  the  Fremont  canvass,  deliver- 
ing more  than  sixty  speeches.  He  was  sub- 
secjuently  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  col- 
onel of  the  sixty-third  Indiana;  and  finally 
brevet  brigadier-general.  He  became  a  noted 
lawyer  of  Chicago.  He  died  Jan.  17,  1895, 
in    Chicago,    111. 

Stiles,  John  D.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  .Jan.  15,  1823,  in  Luzerne 
county.    Pa.      In    1853-56    he    was    district 

attorney  for  Lehigh 
county;  and  in  1856 
was  a  delegate  to  the 
national  convention 
which  nominated  Mr. 
Buclianan  for  presi- 
dent. He  was  elected 
to  the  thirty-seventh 
congres  to  fill  a  va- 
cancy; and  in  1861- 
65  and  1869-71  he  was 
a      representative     to 

the     thirty-seventh, 

thirty-eighth  and  for- 
ty-first congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  convention  of 
1864;  to  the  Philadelphia  national  union 
convention  of  1806;  and  to  the  New  York 
(leinoeratic   convention   of    1868. 

Stiles,  Joseph  Clay,  clergyman,  author, 
was   born   Dec.   6,    1795,   in   Savannah,  Ga. 


HEBRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


^47 


He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman;  and 
after  ISliO  an  evangelist  in  the  south.  He 
was  the  author  of  Modern  Reform  Ex- 
amined, or  the  Union  of  North  and  youth 
on  Slavery;  and  The  National  Controversy. 
He  died  ]March  27,   1875,  in  Savannah,  Ga. 

Stiles,  Norman  Charles,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  June  IS,  1843,  in  Agawam, 
Mass.  In  1860  he  brought  out  his  first 
invention  known  as  a  toe  and  instep 
stretcher;  and  he  became  famous  for  the 
invention  of  his  stamp  and  punching  ma- 
chine, used  in  the  manufacture  of  boots 
and  shoes.  He  owns  a  large  shoe  factory  in 
^Middletown.  Conn. 

Stiles,  T.  L.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1890  he 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Washington. 

Stiles,  William  Curtis,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  June  U.  ISol,  in  Stoneham,  Maine. 
He  is  a  congregational  clergyman  of  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  Literary 
Dozen;  Matter  of  Business;  Excuse  Me; 
Double  Jeopardy:  Master's  Mission;  and 
The    Upper    Way. 

Stiles,  William  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  diplo- 
mat, congressman,  author,  was  born  in 
.January,  1808,  in  Savannah,  Ga.  In  1833- 
3ti  he  was  elected  solicitor-general  of  the 
eastern  district  of  Georgia.  In  1843-45  he 
was  a  representative  from  Georgia  to  the 
twenty-eiglith  congress;  and  was  appointed 
by  President  Polk  charge  d'affaires  to  Aus- 
tria. He  served  as  a  colonel  in  the  civil 
war.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
Austria.  He  died  Dec.  20,  186."),  in  Savan- 
nah.  Ga. 

Still,  William,  jdiilanthropist,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  7,  1<S21.  in  Sliamony.  N.J.  He  was 
a  noted  Philadelphia  philanthropist  of 
African  descent.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  I'nderground  Railroad;  Voting  and  La- 
boring; and  Struggle  for  the  Rights  of 
Colored  People  in  Piiiladclphia.  He;  died 
in    1002    in    Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Stille,  Alfred,  physician,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  30,  i813.  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  the  author  of  Elements  of  General 
Pathology;  The  Unity  of  Medicine;  Hum- 
boldt's Life  and  Character;  War  as  an 
Element  of  Civilization;  Othello  and  Des- 
deniona:  Tiieir  Cliaracters;  The  National 
Dispensatory  (witli  Maisch)  ;  Therajx-utics 
pnd  Materia  Medica;  Epidemic  ^Meningitis; 
and  Epidemic  or  Malignant  Cholera.  He 
(iicd    in    1000.    in   lMiila<leI|.hia.  Pa. 

Stille,  Charles  Janeway,  edutator,  author. 
was  born  Sept.  23,  1810.  in  Pliilad.Iphia. 
Pa.  He  was  provost  of  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1868-80.  He  was  tlie  au- 
Ihor  of  Historical  Development  of  Ameri- 
can Civilization;  Studies  in  ^[ediicval 
Civilization;  Beaumarchais  and  the  Lost 
Million,  a  chapter  of  the  Secret  His- 
tory of  the  American  Revolution;  History 
of  the  Unitt'd  Statt\'^  Sanitary  Commission; 
How  a  Free  People  Conduct  a  Long  War; 
Northern  Interest  and  Southern  Indepen- 
dence;  Life  and  Times  of  .John  Dickinson; 


and  General  Anthony  Wayne  and  the  Penn- 
sylvania Line.  He  died  Aug.  11,  1890,  in 
Atlantic  City,  N.J. 

Stille,  Moreton,  physician,,  author,  was 
born  Out.  27.  1822,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
was  a  Philadelphia  physician.  He  was  au- 
thor of  a  Treatise  on  Medical  .Jurispru- 
dence. Ho  died  Aug.  20,  1855,  in  Sara- 
toga   Springs,    N.Y. 

Stillman,  James  W.,  lawyer,  merchant, 
1<  gisiator,  author,  poet,  was  born  in  1840, 
in  Unadilli  Forks,  N.Y.  In  1868-60  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Rhode  Island  state  legis- 
lature, where  he  distinguished  himself  by 
espousing  the  cause  of  woman  suffrage. 
Since  ISSO  he  has  resided  in  Boston,  Mass., 
engaged  principally  in  literary  work.  He 
is  the  autlior  of  Woman  Suffrage;  The  Mor- 
mon Question;  The  Unknown  God;  God 
and    tlie    Universe:    and    other    works. 

Stillman,  Samuel,  clergyman,  autlior,  was 
born  Marcli  10,  1738,  in"^  Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  pastor  of  the  First  Baptist  church 
in  Boston.  His  Select  Sermons  were  pub- 
lished in  1808.  He  died  March  12,  1807, 
in   Boston,  ^lass. 

Stillman,  Thomas  Bliss,  civil  engineer, 
banker,  inventor,  was  born  Aug.  30,  1806, 
in  Westerly,  R.T.  During  the  civil  war  he 
was  United  States  inspector  of  steam  ves- 
sels for  the  New  York  district;  and  super- 
intendent of  construction  of  revenue  cutters. 
For  nearly  twenty  years  he  was  a  trustee 
of  the  New  Y'^ork  hospital;  and  he  was 
long  president  of  the  ;Metropolitan  Savings 
bank.  He  invented  improved  forms  of  ma- 
chinery that  have  come  into  use.  He  died 
.Ian.   1.   1806.  in  Plainfield,  N.J. 

Stillman,  Thomas  Bliss,  chemical  engineer, 
author,  was  born  May  24,  1852,  in  Plainfield, 
N.J.  Since  1003  he  has  been  professor  of 
engineering  chemistry  at  the  Stevens  in- 
stitute of  teclinology.  He  is  the  author  of 
I'^ngineering  Ciiemistry;  and  many  ^lono- 
graj.lis. 

Stillman,  William  Olin,  pliysician,  an- 
ti(|uarian,  philantliro])ist,  autlior,  was  born 
Se]it.    0.    iS5(),    in    Normansville,    N.Y.      In 

1S7S  he  received  the 
degree  of  M.D.  from 
tlie  Albany  medical 
college;  studied  in 
tlie  university  of  Ber- 
lin, X'ieiina  and  Paris 
and  hospitals  of  Lon- 
don, England.  I  n 
1S,S(I  he  received  the 
lionorary  degree  of 
A.M.  from  Union  col- 
lege. In  1887-88  he 
was  pliysician  to  the 
0|)eii  door  mission 
and  hospital  for  incurables;  in  1888-02  was 
physician  to  the  babies'  nursery  and  La- 
tlirop  memorial;  and  since  1802  has  been 
I'liysician  to  the  Home  for  Christian  work- 
ers. Since  1S06  lie  has  been  a  le<'turer  on 
history  of  medicine  in  the  Albany  medical 
college;   and  in   1905  was  largely  interested 


348 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


in  establishing  the  Albany  scliool  for 
nurses.  He  is  president  of  the  American 
humane  association;  president  of  tlie  New 
York  state  luimane  educational  committee; 
and  president  of  the  Mohawk  and  Hudson 
River  humane  society.  In  1904  he  was 
awarded  a  gold  medal  at  the  St.  Louis  expo- 
sition for  phiiantluopic  work.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  The  Mineral  Springs  of  Sara- 
toga. 

Stillman,  William  James,  diplomat,  artist, 
author,  was  born  June  1,  1828,  in  Schenec- 
tady, N.Y.  He  was  consul  at  Rome  in 
1861-65;  and  in  Crete  in  1865-69.  He  has 
lived  at  Rome  from  1886  as  the  correspon- 
dent of  The  London  Times  for  Italy  and 
Greece.  He  is  tlie  author  of  History  of 
the  Cretan  Insurrection;  Poetic  Localities 
of  Cambridge;  Herzegovina  and  the  Late 
Uprising;  Turkish  Rule  and  Warfare;  On 
the  Track  of  Ulysses;  Manual  of  Photog- 
raphy; Early  Italian  Painters;  Apollo 
and  Venus;  Billy  and  Hans;  The  Old 
Rome  and  the  New,  and  other  studies; 
The  Union  of  Italy;  Francisco  Criski,  a 
biograpliy;  and  Little  Bertha.  He  died  in 
1901.    in    London,    England. 

Stillwell,  Arthur  Edward,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  Ijorn  in  1861,  in  Rocliester,  N.Y. 
In  1883-88  he  was  in  the  life  insurance  busi- 
ness in  Chicago,  111.  He  built  the  Belt 
road  arovmd  Kansas  City.  He  is  president 
of  the  Kansas  City,  Mexico  and  Orient 
railway  company. 

Stillwell,  Leander,  soldier,  lawyer,  legis- 
hitor,  jurist,  was  born  Sept.  16,  1843,  in 
Jersey  county,  111.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Otterville,  111.;  and 
studied  law  at  the  Albany  law  school  of 
New  \"ork.  In  1862  he  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  company  D,  sixty-first  regiment  Illinois 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  mustered  out  as 
first  lieutenant  in  the  same  company  and 
regiment;  having  participated  in  numerous 
battles  and  skirmishes  during  the  civil  war. 
In  1867  he  began  the  active  practice  of  law; 
and  in  1876  he  was  elected  to  the  lower 
house  of  the  Kansas  state  legislature.  In 
1883  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  seventh 
state  district  court  of  Kansas;  and  by  suc- 
cessive re-elections  has  held  that  position 
continuously    since. 

Stillwell,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  one  of  the  LTnited  States  ter- 
ritorial  courts    sometime   prior   to    1884. 

Stilwell,  Silas  Moore,  pioneer,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  was  born  June  6,  1800,  in 
New  York  City.  In  1814  he  engaged  in 
surveying  in  the  west.  He  then  settled  in 
Tennessee;  and  in  1822  was  in  the  state 
legislature.  He  died  May  16,  1881,  in  New 
York   City. 

Stilwell,  Thomas  L.,  lawyer,  banker,  dip- 
lomat, coiigressnum,  Avas  born  Aug.  29,  1830. 
in  Stilwell,  Oliio.  In  1856  he  was  elected 
to  tlie  legislature  of  Indiana.  In  1865-67 
lie  was  a  state  representative  fiom  Indiana 
to  the  thirty-ninth  congress.  In  1867  he 
was    appointed    minister   resident   to   Vene- 


zuela. He  was  killed  Jan.  14,  1874,  in  An- 
derson, Ind. 

Stimmel,  Smith,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
Dec.  17,  1842,  in  Franklin  county,  Ohio. 
He  served  as  a  soldier  during  the  civil 
war;  and  was  on  President  Lincoln's  body 
guard  from  January,  1864,  till  date  of  his 
n.ssassination.  He  removed  to  Fargo,  N.D.; 
and  in  1889  was  made  president  of  the  Da- 
kota   state   senate. 

Stimpson,  Herbert  Baird,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  31,  1869,  near  llchester, 
Md.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Regenera- 
tion; and  The  Tory  Maid. 

Stimpson,  William,  naturalist,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  14,  1832,  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 
In  1864  he  became  curator  for  the  Chi- 
cago academy  of  sciences;  and  subsequently 
he  was  secretary.  He  was  the  author  of 
Deseriptiones  Animalium  Evertebratorum; 
Notes  on  Nortli  American  Crustacea;  and 
C'rustacea  Dredged  in  the  Gulf  Stream.  He 
died   May   26,    1872,   in   llchester  Mills,   Md. 

Stimson,  Alexander  Lovett,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  Dec.  14,  1816,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  History 
of  the  Boston  Mercantile  Library  Associa- 
tion; History  of  the  Express  Companies; 
New  England  Boys;  and  Waifwood,  a  novel. 
He  died  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Stimson,  Frederic  Jesup,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  July  20.  1855,  in  Dedham,  INIass. 
He  is  a  lawyer  of  Boston;  and  in  1884-85 
was  assistant  attorney-general  of  Massa- 
chusetts. He  is  the  author  of  Labor  in  Its 
Relations  to  Law;  Handbook  of  the  Labor 
Law  of  the  United  States;  American  Stat- 
ute Law;  Glossary  of  Technical  Terms  of 
the  Common  Law;  Uniform  State  Legisla- 
tion. In  fiction  he  has  published  Guerndale; 
The  Crime  of  Henry  Vane;  The  King's 
Men;  The  Residuary  Legatee;  The  Senti- 
mental Calendar;  In  the  Three  Zones;  First 
Harvests;  Pirate  Gold;  King  Noanett;  Pol- 
io's Journey  to  Cambridge;  and  The  Law 
of  the  Constitutions.  State  and  Federal. 

Stimson,  Henry  Albert,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  28.  1842,  in  New  York. 
He  is  vice-president  of  the  American  mis- 
sionary association.  He  is  the  author  of 
Religion  and  Business;  Questions  of  Modern 
Inquiry;  The  Apostles'  Creed;  and  The 
Right   Life. 

Stimson,  John  Ward,  educator,  artist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  16,  1850.  in  Paterson, 
N.J.  He  is  an  artist  of  New  York  City; 
was  for  four  years  superintendent  of  the 
Aletropolitan  museum  art  schools ;  and 
founder  of  The  Artist-Artisan  institute  of 
New  Y'ork  City.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Law  of  Three  Primaries;  Art  Principles 
and  ]\Iethods;  The  Gate  Beautiful;  and 
Wandering  Chords. 

Stimson,  Lewis  Atterbury,  idiysician.  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  in  1844  in  Paterson, 
N.J.  He  is  a  physician  of  New  York  City; 
professor  of  surgery  in  Cornell  university; 
and  in  1893  became  regent  university  of 
the  state  of  New  York.     He  is  the  author 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


349 


of  Manual  of  Operative  Surgery;  Practical 
'J'reatise  on  Fractures;  and  Treatise  on 
IJisiocations. 

Stimson,  Rufus  Whittaker,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Feb.  20,  18(58,  in 
Palmer,  :Mass.  In  1897-11)01  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  Englisli,  ethics  and  oratory;  and 
since  1901  has  been  president  of  the  Con- 
necticut   agricultural    college. 

Stine,  Charles  W.,  educator,  was  born 
March  2.5,  ISOO,  in  VVrightsville,  Pa.  He 
was  educated  at  the  York  county  academy; 
at  the  state  normal  school  at  Westchester; 
attended  the  Pennsylvania  college,  and 
studied  in  the  Ohio  northern  university  and 
other  institutions  of  learning.  He  has 
been  principal  of  schools;  and  is  now  coun- 
ty superintendent  of  schools  for  York  coun- 
ty, Pa. 

Stine,  Wilbur  Morris,  educator,  civil  en- 
gineer, autlior,  poet,  was  born  Nov.  3,  1863, 
in  Tyrone,  Pa.  In  1886-93  he  was  professor 
t)f  physics  and  electrical  engineering  in  the 
Ohio  university;  in  1893-98  he  was  director 
of  the  department  of  electrical  engineering 
at  the  Armour  institute  of  technology  of 
Chicago,  111.;  and  since  1898  has  been  Will- 
iamson professor  of  engineering  at  Swarth- 
more  college.  In  1896-99  he  was  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  American  institute  of  electrical 
(ngineers.  He  is  the  author  of  Photometri- 
cal  Measurements;  and  more  than  one  hun- 
dred scientific  Monographs  and  contribu- 
tions; and  The  Wreck  of  the  Myrtle,  and 
Otiier  Verses;  and  The  Palace  of  Vision. 

Stiness,  John  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  -Vug.  9,  1840,  in  Providence,  R.I.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war;  and  became  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the 
second  regiment  New 
York  artillery ;  and 
participated  in  nu- 
merous battles  and 
skirmishes.  He  has 
been  a  member  of  the 
commission  on  uni- 
form state  laws;  and 
chairman  of  the  com- 
mission to  revise  the 
judicial  system  in 
Kiiode  Island.  He  is 
a  nu;mber  of  the 
board  of  fellows  of  Brown  universitj';  and 
president  of  tlie  Rhode  Island  historical 
society.  In  1874-7;')  he  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  Rhode  Island  state  legislature. 
In  1H7')  he  became  an  associate  justice; 
:iiid  ill  1900-04  was  chief  justice  of  the 
^tatc   sii|ii('mc  court  of   Rhode   Island. 

Sterling,  Yates,  naval  oliiccr,  was  born 
May  (i,  1843.  in  Raitimore.  Md.  In  1863 
lie  was  promoted  ensign;  in  1894  became 
ca|)tain;  and  in  1902  attained  the  rank  of 
rear-admiral.  In  l!t04-0.")  he  was  coiiimaiid- 
er-iii-<hief  of  tlie  Asiatic  fleet;  and  in  190.") 
was    retired. 

Stith,  William,  clergyman,  college  presi- 
dent, autlior.  wa-i  liorii  in  1()89  in  \irgiiiia. 
llr  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  \'iiginia; 


and  president  of  William  and  Marj'  college 
in  1752-55.  He  was  the  author  of  History 
of  \iiginia.  He  died  Sept.  27,  1755,  in 
Williamsburg,  Va. 

Stiver,  Samuel  Luther,  educator,  clergy- 
man, IcctuiiT,  author,  was  born  Xov.  1, 
1848,  in  Potter's  Mills,  Pa.  He  has  tilletl 
pastorates  in  various  churches;  ami  since 
1882  has  been  proprietor  and  superintend- 
ent of  the  Bunker  Hill  military  academj% 
Illinois.  He  has  been  editor  of  various 
publications,  and  has  contributed  extensive- 
ly to  cuirent  literature;  and  is  the  author 
of  several  educational  works.  He  is  a  bril- 
liant lecturer  and  educator;  and  is  promi- 
nent in  the  political  all'airs  of  ^lacoupin 
county,    111. 

Stivers,  Emmons  B.,  lawyer,  educator, 
state  legislator,  author.  For  a  number  of 
years  he  was  actively  engaged  in  school 
work,  either  as  teacher,  principal  or  super- 
intendent. He  was  elected  as  a  democrat 
from  Brown  county,  Ohio,  to  the  seventy- 
second  m'lieral  assemblv  of  Ohio,  lie  is  the 
author  of  Outlines  of  United  States  His- 
tory; and  Recreations  in  Scliool  Studies. 

Stivers,  Mrs.  Kazia  Armington,  vocalist, 
author,  poet,  was  born  July  10.  1840,  in 
Weedsport.  X.Y.  She  is  the  author  of  oc- 
casional short  poems  published  in  period- 
icals in  New  York  and  elsewhere.  She  sang 
sojirano  in  the  protestant  episcopal  cathe- 
dral of  Rochester,  N.Y. ;  and  later  sang  so- 
prano in  the  Roman  c:itholic  cathedral  of 
San  Antonio,  Texas. 

Stivers,  Moses  Dunning,  manufacturer, 
joiinialist ,  coiigrcssiiiaii.  was  born  Dec.  30, 
1828,  near  Beeiiierville.  X..I.  In  1869-83  he 
was  collector  of  United  Stati's  internal  rev- 
enue for  the  eleventh  district  of  New  York. 
In  1868  he  became  ))ro])rietor  of  the  Orange 
County  Press,  tlu'ii  a  weekly,  and  now  a 
seni'-weekly.  He  was  one  of  the  proprietors 
and  editors  of  the  Middletown  Daily  Press. 
He  was  president  of  the  New  York  state 
press  association  in  1887.  In  1889-91  he 
uas  a  repit'si'iitati\e  to  the  lifly-first  con- 
gress as  a  republican,  lie  died  Feb.  8,  1895, 
in   Middletown.   X.Y. 

St.  John,  Charles,  merchant,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  8,  ISI8,  in  Orange  county. 
X.Y.  He  was  a  merehaiit  and  lumiiermaii 
of  Port  Jervis,  N.Y.  In  1871-75  he  was 
a  representative  from  XVw  York  to  the 
forty-second    and    forty-third    congresses. 

St.  John,  Daniel  B.,  merchant,  banker, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Dct. 
8,  1808.  in  Sharon.  Conn.  In  1839  he  was 
elected  to  the  New  York  state  legislature. 
Ill  1847-49  he  was  a  re|)reseiifat i\e  from 
Xew  York  to  the  thirtieth  congress.  In 
IS49-55  he  had  charge  of  the  bank  depart- 
iiieiil   of  Xew    \'ork.     Ih^  died  in  New  York. 

St.  John,  Everitte,  railroatl  president,  was 
1)1)111  l'"el).  4.  IS  14.  ill  ( 'oiiiiect  iciii .  He  was 
the  vice-president  ami  general  manager  of 
the  Seaboard  airline  of  Norfolk,  \a.;  and 
was  one  of  the  most  noted  railroad  men  in 
.\merica.      In   1802  he  entered  railroad  serv- 


350 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ice  as  a  clerk;  and  in  1863  became  con- 
nected with  the  Chicago,  Rock  Island  and 
Pacific  railway,  of  which  he  eventually  be- 
came general  manager.  In  1891  he  reorgan- 
ized the  General  managers'  association  of 
Chicago,  and  was  its  jiermanent  chairman 
until  Jan.  1,  1895,  when  he  took  the  office 
of  vice-president  of  the  Seaboard  line;  and 
made  it  one  of  the  leading  railroads  of  the 
south.  He  died  April  21,  1908,  in  Welles- 
ley,  Mass. 

St.  John,  Henry,  congressman,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1843-47  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-eighth 
and  twenty-ninth  congresses.  He  died  in 
Ohio. 

St.  John,  Horace  Henry  Hosford,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  gynecologist,  antlior,  poet, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1851,  in  London,  Eng- 
land. He  graduated  from  Barngs  medical 
college  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  has  received 
the  degrees  of  Ph.D.,  L.S.A.  and  M.D.  He 
has  been  general  assistant  to  over  fourteen 
difierent  physicians  in  various  parts  of 
Great  Britain;  and  in  1882  moved  to  Sau 
Francisco,  Cal.  He  has  been  medical  offi- 
cer of  health  for  Manti  City  and  also  for 
Richfield,  Utah.  He  has  attained  success 
as  a  gynecologist,  pediatrist,  neurologist 
and  obstetrician;  and  is  now  physician  in 
charge  of  the  Maplehurst  sanitarium  at 
Edina,  Mo.  He  was  postmaster  under  I'res- 
ident  Cleveland's  administration;  and  is 
now  justice  of  the  peace  for  Center  town- 
ship, Knox  county.  Mo.  He  has  attained 
note  as  a  song  and  hymn  composer;  and  is 
a  constant  contributor  to  religious  and  med- 
ical   literature. 

St.  John,  Isaac  Munroe,  soldier,  journal- 
ist, civil  engineer,  was  born  Nov.  19,  1827, 
in  Augusta,  Ga.  He  entered  the  engineer 
corps  of  the  confederate  army  at  Richmond, 
Va.;  and  was  promoted  tlirough  tlie  various 
grades  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
was  city  engineer  of  Louisville  in  1870-71  ; 
made  tlie  first  topographical  map  of  that 
city;  and  established  its  system  of  sewerage. 
Jn  1871-80  he  was  consulting  engineer  of 
the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  railroad;  and 
chief  engineer  of  the  Lexington  and  Big 
Sandy  railroad.  He  died  April  7,  1880,  in 
Sulphur   Springs,   W.Va. 

St.  John,  John  Pierce,  lawyer,  governor, 
was  born  Feb.  25.  1833,  in  Brookville.  Ind. 
He  served  as  captain  and  lieutenant-colonel 
in  tlie  union  army  during  the  civil  war.  In 
1872  he  was  elected  to  the  Kansas  state 
senate;  and  in  1879-83  was  governor  of  the 
state  of  Kansas.  In  1894  he  was  nominated 
for  president  of  the  United  States  on  the 
proliibition   ticket. 

St.  Martin,  Louis,  merchant,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1820  in 
Saint  Charles  parisli.  La.  ,  He  was  elected 
in  184(5  to  the  legislature  of  Louisiana.  He 
was  ajipointed  the  same  year  register  of  tlie 
United  States  land  office  for  the  southeast- 
ern district  of  Louisiana;  and  was  elected 
a  second   time  to  the  legislature.      In   1851- 


53  and  1885-87  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  thirty-second  and  forty-ninth  congresses 
as  a  democrat. 

Stoaks,  Charles  E.,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  May  17,  1859,  in  Friends- 
ville,  Ohio.  He  is  a  chalk  talker  and  lecturer 
on  all  Chautauqua  and  lyceuni  platforms; 
and  minister  of  the  Cumberland  presby- 
terian  church.  He  is  the  author  of  Aaron 
Burr,  or  Kingdom  of  Silver;  and  Stoaks' 
School  Grade   System. 

Stockard,  Henry  Jerome,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  Sept.  15, 
1858,  in  Chatham  county,  N.C.  In  1900-07 
he  was  professor  of  Latin;  and  since  1907 
has  been  president  of  Peace  institute  of 
the  author  of  Fugutive 
A    Story    of    Southern 


He  IS 
and 


Raleigh,  N.C. 
Lines,    poems ; 
Poetry. 

Stockard,  Mrs.  V.  A.  C,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  March  27,  1848,  in 
Knox  county.  Mo.  Hei'  principal  primary 
work  was  in  the  Richmond  college,  Missouri. 
For  eight  years  she  taught  mathematics  and 
French  in  the  Central  female  college  of  Lex- 
ington, Mo.;  and  since  1884  has  been  pres- 
ident of  the  Cottey  college  of  Nevada,  Mo. 

Stockbrldge,  Francis  Brown,  merchant. 
United  States  senatoi',  was  born  April  9, 
1826,  in  Bath,  Maine.  In  1850  he  settled 
at  Saugatuck,  Mich.  He  served  as  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  Michigan  legislature  in 
j869;  and  was  a  state  senator  in  1871.  In 
1874  he  moved  to  Kalamazoo.  In  1887-93 
he  was  LTnited  States  senator.  He  died 
April  30,  1894,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Stockbridge,    Henry^    lawyer,    JSurnalist, 
jurist,    congressman,     was    born     Sept.     18, 
1856,  in  Baltimore,  Md.     In  1887-89  he  was 
_  _  on   the   editorial  start" 

of  the  Baltimore 
American.  In  1882  he 
was  appointed  an  ex- 
aminer in  equitj^  by 
the  supreme  bench  of 
Baltimore  city.  In 
1887-91  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fif- 
tieth and  fifty-first 
congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. In  1891  he 
was  appointed  com- 
missioner of  emigra- 
tion at  the  port  of  Baltimore ;  and  in  1896 
was  elected  associate  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Baltimore  Citv,  Md.  He  died  March 
11,    1895.    in    Baltimore,   Md. 

Stockbridge,  Horace  Edward,  educator, 
chemist,  author,  was  born  May  19.  1857,  in 
Iladley,  Mass.  He  has  been  professor  of 
chemistry  and  seoloay  at  the  Imperial  oollese 
of  agriculture  and  eugiueering  of  Japan  ;  and 
chief  chemist  to  the  Jajianese  government. 
In  1897-1906  he  was  professor  of  agriculture 
at  the  Florida  agricultural  college;  and  sup- 
erintendent of  the  I'loiidn  state  .agricultiiral 
institute.  Since  1906  he  has  edited  the  South- 
ern Huralist.  He  is  the  author  of  Rocks 
and  Soils. 


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351 


Stockbridge,  John  Calvin,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, genealogist,  was  born  June  14,  1818. 
He  filled  pastorates  in  Boston.  Providence 
and  Portland;  and  was  ijrincipal  of  young 
ladies  school  in  Providence.  lie  was  the  au- 
thor of  Memorials  of  the  ^lauran  Family. 
He  di.'d  Ainll  3.  1896.  in  I'rovidence,  R.I. 

Stockbridge,  Levi,  agriculturist,  was  born 
March  13.  1820.  in  North  Hadley.  Mass. 
For  twelve  years  he  was  a  member  of  the 
state  board  of  agriculture  of  Massachusetts. 
In  1867  he  was  called  to  a  chair  in  the  Mas- 
sachusetts agricultural  college  of  Amherst ; 
and  was  president  in  1880-82.  He  has  con- 
ducted a  series  of  investigations  on  the  fer- 
tilization of  crops ;  and  his  researches  have 
chiefly  appeared  in  the  Annual  Reports  of 
the  Massachusetts  agricultural  college.  He 
died  in  1904  in  Amherst.  Mass. 

Stockdale,   John    Lark,    educator,    soldier, 

phvsician.  surgeon,   was  born  Aug.  12.   1831, 

in  Edgefield,  S.C.    During  1845-49  he  attend- 

r  ed  the  Talladega  male 

B;  '  ■  .   ,      -r--^— — ,     jjijji,       school ;       from 

1851-54  he  attended 
the  medical  college  of 
*  South    Carolina ;    and 

subsequently  attended 
the  Augusta  medical 
college  and  the  univer- 
s  i  t  y  of  Nashville, 
1^^^^  Tennessee.    For  many 

years  he  taught  in  the 
Talladega  male  high 
school ;  and  during 
1861-65  was  a  surgeon 
in  the  confederate  states  army,  with  rank  of 
major.  He  has  been  registrar  and  master  in 
chancery  of  the  fourteenth  district  N.  E. 
chancery  division  ;  president  of  the  Clay 
count.v  medical  societ.v  :  and  is  i)rominent  in 
various  other  medical  bodies. 

Stockdale,  Thomas  Ringland,  soldier,  edu- 
cal'ir.  coiijiressiunii.  jiuisi.  was  Ixjrn  in  1828 
in  Greene  county.  I'a.  In  1887-95  he  was  a 
representative  from  Mississijjjji  to  tlie  fif- 
tieth, (ifty-first.  (ifty-second  and  fifty-third 
<  <m;L;re.sscs  as  a  democrat.  In  1896-97  he  was 
a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Mississii)pi. 
He  died  Jan.  8.  1899.  in  Summit,  Miss. 

Stockham,  Alice  Bunker,  physician,  au- 
tlior.  was  born  \mv.  8.  1833,  in  Cardington, 
Ohio.  She  is  a  prominent  piiysician  ;  and  for 
twenty-five  years  traveled  and  lectured  on 
he.ilth  and  temperance.  She  is  the  author  of 
the  well-known  work  entitli'd  Tokoloiiy. 
which  has  been  translated  into  several  lan- 
guages ;  and  several  other  works. 

Stockley,  Charles  C,  banker,  state  sena- 
tor, giivcriMir,  was  born  .\'<)\'.  6,  1819,  in 
Cieorgetown,  Del.  In  1873-77  he  was  a  state 
senator  and  at  the  second  session  was  speak- 
er. He  was  jiresident  of  the  Breakwater  ami 
Frankford  railroad;  and  president  of  tiie 
Farmers"  bank  of  the  state  of  Delaware.  In 
1883-87  he  was  the  twenty-ninth  governor  of 
Delaware.    He  died  in  1901  in  Delaware. 

Stockly,  George  Washington,  manufac- 
turer, was  born  Dec.  20,  1843,  in  Cleveland. 


Ohio.     In    1876    he    called    the    attention    of 

Charles  F.  Brush  to 
the  subject  of  illum- 
ination ;  and  subse- 
quently arranged  with 
him  to  undertake  the 
iiroduction  of  a  system 
of  electric  arc  light- 
ing. The  first  Brush 
idant  was  made  and 
tested  in  the  factory 
and  at  the  expense  of 
the  Telegraph  supply 
company ;  and  an  ar- 
rangement was  made 
whereby  the  company  took  active  control  of 
the  business  under  the  Brush  patents,  paying 
Mr.  Brush  a  royalty.  During  the  next  four- 
teen j-ears  the  Brush  electric  companj',  which 
succeeded  the  Telegraph  supply  company, 
with  Mr.  Stockly  as  president  and  manager, 
achieved  immense  success  as  pioneers  of  pub- 
lic electric  lighting.  Ho  introduced  the  tele- 
phone in  Ohio  and  built  and  operated  the 
first  telo])hone  exchange  in  America. 

Stockslager,  Charles  0.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Feb.  8.  1847.  in  Harrison  county, 
Ind.  In  1876-87  he  practiced  law  in  Chero- 
kee county.  Kan. ;  and  since  1887  in  Idaho. 
In  1890-1900  he  was  judge  of  the  fourth  dis- 
trict of  Idaho ;  and  since  1900  has  been  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Idaho, 
servinu  as  cliit'f  justice  in  1905  and  1907. 

Stockslager,  Strother  M.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
journalist,  state  senator,  congressman,  was 
born  May  7,  1842,  in  Mauckport,  Ind.  He 
served  in  the  union  army  during  the  civil 
war.  He  was  a  state  senator  in  1874-78 ; 
and  in  1881-85  he  was  a  representative  from 
Indiana  to  the  forty-seventh  and  forty-eighth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1878-83  he  was 
editor  of   the  Corydon   Democrat. 

Stockton,  Charles  Herbert,  lawyer,  naval 
ofhc-er,  colleue  president,  was  born  Oct.  13, 
1845,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1886  he  was 
promoted  ensign  ;  in  1892  he  became  com- 
mander;  and  in  1906  attained  the  rank  of 
rear-admiral.  In  1898-1900  he  was  president 
of  the  naval  war  college. 

Stockton,  Mrs.  Cornelia  M.,  educator, 
poet,  was  born  Jui:i"  29,  1835,  in  Wallkill,  N. 
Y.  In  1856  she  taught  at  (Jlendale  college  of 
Ohio ;  then  moved  to  Kansas,  where  she  was 
regent  of  the  state  university  at  Lawrence, 
She  is  a  noted  writer  of  Kansas;  and  the 
author  of   a    volume  entitled   Poems. 

Stockton,  Francis  Richard,  humorist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  5,  1834,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pji.  He  was  the  author  of  Rudder  (Jrauge; 
The  Rudder  (Jrangeis  Aitroad.  and  Other 
Stories;  Pomona's  Travels;  and  The  Casting 
Away  of  Mrs.  Leeks  and  Mrs.  Aleshine.  His 
oti.er  works,  whicli  all  display  original  in- 
ventive huimu-.  are.  Tales  Out  of  School  ;  The 
Tinu-a-Liuy;  Stories;  Roundabout  Rambles; 
What  Mi'.'ht  Have  Been  Expected;  .\  Jolly 
Fellowship;  The  Floating  Prince;  The  Story 
of  Viteau;  The  Late  Mrs.  Null;  The  Lady 
or  the  'l"i'.:erV  his  most  celebrated  work;  The 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Christmas  Wreck,  and  Other  Stories;  The 
Hundredth  Man  ;  The  Bee  Man  of  Orn  ;  The 
Dusantes ;  Amos  Kilbright ;  Ardis  Claver- 
den;  The  Great  War  Syndicate;  The  Stor- 
ies of  the  Three  Burglars  ;  The  Merry  Chant- 
er ;  The  House  of  Martha ;  Kobel  Land ; 
The  Clocks  of  liondaine ;  The  Watchmak- 
er's Wife;  The  Adventures  of  Captain  Horn; 
A  Chosen  Few;  Personally  Conducted;  A 
Story-Teller's  Tack,  a  volume  of  short  stor- 
ies; Stories  of  New  Jersey;  Captain  Chap, 
or  the  Rolling  Stones.  He  died  April  20, 
1902.   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Stockton,  John  Drean,  journalist,  drama- 
tist, was  born  April  26,  1836,  in  I'liiladelphia, 
Pa.  In  1873-77  he  was  dramatic  and  musical 
critic  of  the  New  York  Herald.  He  wrote 
Fox  and  (Jeese.  a  comedy  which  ran  one 
hundred  nights  in  New  York  and  other  cities, 
and  more  than  three  hundred  in  London.  He 
died  Nov.  3.  1877,  in  I'hiladelphia,  Pa. 

Stockton,  John  N.  C,  legislator,  banker, 
was  born  in  1860  in  Gadsden  county,  Fla. 
For  many  years  he  has  been  the  president  of 
the  national  bank  of  Tampa;  and  the  na- 
tional bank  of  Florida.  In  1897  he  served  as 
a  mendier  of  the  Florida  state  legislature. 

Stockton,  John  Potter,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, diplomat.  United  States  Sf'uator,  was 
born  Aug.  2.  1826,  in  Princeton,  N..T.  During 
President  Buchanan's  administration  he  was 
United  States  minister  to  Rome.  In  1865- 
67  and  1869-75  he  was  United  States  sen- 
ator. In  1877  he  was  appointed  attorney- 
general  of  the  state  of  New  Jersey  ;  and  has 
received  the  reappointment  at  the  expiration 
of  every  term.  He  died  Jan.  23,  1900,  in 
Jersey   City,    N.J. 

Stockton,  John  Potter,  lawyer,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1852,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  Jer- 
sey City,  N.J.,  in  partnership  with  his 
father,  who  was  at  one  time  attorney  gon 
eral  of  New  Jersey.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  anthropological  academy  of  New  York; 
and  a  member  of  the  society  of  psyciiologi- 
cal  research  of  London.  He  is  th-  author 
of  Zaphira,  a  Story  of  Today. 

Stockton,  Joseph,  soldier,  business  man, 
was  born  Aug.  10.  1833,  in  Pittsburgh.  Pa. 
In  1851-02  be  was  connected  with  the  Aiiier- 
ican  transportation  company  and  tin-  Fori 
Wayne  railroad  at  Chicago,  111.  Daring  the 
civil  war  he  served  as  first  lieutenant  to 
lieutenant-colonel  in  the  seventy-second  reg- 
iment Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  and  w.is 
brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general  for 
meritorious  services.  In  1866  he  became 
agent  of  the  Emi)ire  transportation  com- 
pany. In  1809-93  he  was  a  memb-T  of  the 
board  of  commissioners  of  Lincoln  i)ark; 
was  a  leading  spirit  in  securing  the  comple- 
tion of  the  Grant  memorial;  and  was  chief 
of  stair  ill  many  large  parades  in  Chicago, 
111.      lie  died   in    1907. 

Stockton,  Lacon  D.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
lS.")(i-()0  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Iowa.  He  died  June  9, 
I8G0. 


ed   States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  20,   I/do 


m 


Princeton,    N.J. 


Stockton,  Louise,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  is  a  sister  of 
the  late  Francis  R.  Stockton.  She  has  i.'cen 
connected  with  the  leading  journals  as  edi- 
torial writer;  and  as  a  book  editor  and 
music  critic.  She  is  now  president  of  We^t 
Philadelphia  center  university  extension. 
She  is  the  author  of  Dorothea ;  Apple  Seeds 
and  Briar  Thorns;   and  Quaint  Corners. 

Stockton,  Richard,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  was  born  Oct.  1,  1730, 
near  Princeton,  N.J.  He  was  appointed  a 
judge,  both  under  the  provincial  govern- 
ment and  after  the  adoption  of  the  consti- 
tution, being  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  in  1774  and  chief  justice  in 
1770.  In  1776-77  he  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  signed  the  declaration  of  independence. 
He  died  Feb.  2S.   1781,  in  Princeton,  N.J. 

Stockton,  Richard,  lawyer,  congressman. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  April  17, 
17G4,  near  Princeton,  N.J.  In  1792  and  1800 
he  was  a  presidential  elector;  and  in  1795- 
99  he  was  United  States  senator;  and  in 
1813-15  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thir- 
teenth congress.  He  died  March  7,  1828,  in 
Princeton,   N.J. 

Stockton,  Robert  Field,  naval  officer,  Unit- 

_  _j  _ 

He  commanded  the 
American  squadron 
on  the  coast  of  Afri- 
ca ;  and  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the 
colony  of  Liberia.  He 
was  one  of  the  first 
of  our  commanders 
to  introduce  and  ap- 
])ly  steam  to  naval 
])uiposes,  the  famous 
sloop-of-war  Prince- 
ton having  been  built 
under  his  supervision. 
When  Avar  was  de- 
clared with  Mexico  he  was  placed  in  com- 
mand of  the  United  States  fleet  in  the  Pa- 
cilic;  and  performed  the  duties  of  commo- 
dore, general  and  governor.  In  1851-53  he 
was  United  States  senator.  He  was  elected 
a  delegate  to  the  peace  congress  in  1861 ; 
and  was  president  of  the  Delaware  and  Rar- 
itan  canal  company  in  1857-66.  He  died 
Oct.   7.    1866,   in   Princeton,  N.J. 

Stockton,  Thomas,  soldier,  governor.  He 
was  a  captain  in  the  third  artillery  in  1812; 
and  was  major  of  the  forty-second  infantry 
in  181-1.  He  was  the  eighteenth  governor 
of  Delaware  in  1844-46.  He. died  March  2, 
1846,    in   New   Castle,   Del. 

Stockwell,  Chester  Twitchell,  journalist, 
dentist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  5,  1841,  in 
Royalston,  iMass,  He  was  educated  in  the 
common  and  high  schools;  and  at  the  busi- 
ness college  of  I'ougbkeepsie,  jJ.Y.  In  1863- 
67  he  was  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits; 
and  for  awhile  was  in  newspaper  W(uk  on 
the  Iowa  State  Register  and  other  ]»ul)li- 
cations.      He    sfudieil    medicine;    in    1872-75 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


353 


was  ill  (li-ntal  |)racliiv  at  Dos  .Moiiu's,  Iowa; 
and  since  that  time  has  been  a  successful 
dental  surgeon  of  Springfield,  Mass.  He 
has  been  president  and  secretary  of  various 
professional  societies.  He  has  edited  the 
New  England  Dental  Journal  and  the 
Archives  of  Dentistrj-.  He  is  the  author  of 
New  Modes  of  Thouglits;  The  Evolution  of 
Immortality;  and  numerous  essays  and 
articles  on  the  Relation  of  Evolutionary 
Thought  to  Immortality,  and  on  knidred 
subjt-ets. 

Stockton,  Thomas  Hewlings,  clergyman, 
aullior,  was  born  June  4,  1SU8,  in  .\U.  Holly, 
N.J.  He  was  a  methodist  preacher  of  Bal- 
timore and  Philadel- 
phia; and  chaplain  to 
both  houses  of  con- 
gress successively; 
and  prominent  in  the 
alVairs  of  his  church. 
He  was  the  author  of 
Floating  F  I  o  w  e  r  s 
From  a  Hidden 
Brook;  Poems;  Stand 
Ip  for  Jesus,  and 
Other  Poems;  and 
The  Book  Above  All. 
He  died  Oct.  9,  1S()8, 
in   IMiiladelphia,  Pa. 

Stockwell,  John  Nelson,  astronomer,  sci- 
entist, author,  was  born  April  10,  18."}2,  in 
Northampton,  Mass.  He  is  known  for  his 
original  investigations  in  astronomy.  He  is 
the  author  of  .Memoir  on  the  Secular  Vibra- 
tions "of  the  Planetary  Orbits. 

Stockwell,  William  Watson,  farmer,  lec- 
turer, poet,  was  born  i''el).  7,  182!),  in  North- 
ampton. Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Inci- 
dents in  the  Life  of  Ceorge  W.  Murray; 
and    Songs    and    Poems. 

Stoddard,  A.  H.,  farmer,  poet.  He  is  a 
fariuer  of  Kabimazoo,  Midi.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  volume  entitled  Miscellaneous 
i'oeins. 

Stoddard,  Amo%  soldier,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  2(1.  17ii2.  iu  Woodbury.  Conn.  He  was 
governor  of  Missouri  territory  in  1804-05; 
becami!  a  major  in  the  army  in  1807;  and 
ile])uty  (|uartermaster  in  1812.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  Sketches  of  Ecniisiana;  and  The 
I'olitieal  Crisis.  He  (lie<l  May  1  1.  ISCi.  in 
l'"ort     .Mi'igs,    Ohio. 

Stoddard,  Anthony,  colonist,  merchant, 
was  born  in  ItiOO  in  Kiigland.  He  arrived 
in  Boston  in  l(i:!8;  and  held  all  the  local 
odices  of  that  time.  He  was  chosen  annual- 
ly representative  to  general  court  for_ twen- 
ty years,  tin?  longest  on  record.  He  died 
very  weallby  in  MiS7.  lie  is  ancestor  of 
(he  numenjus  family  of  that  name  in  the 
Cnited  States.  He  died  in  Massachusetts. 
Stoddard,  Anthony,  cler;;yman.  autlior, 
was  born  Aug.  it,  U)78,  in  Northam])ton, 
Mass.  In  1702-fiO  he  was  minister 
at  Woodliury,  Conn.  He  was  clerk  of  pro- 
bate forty  years;  was  the  lawyer  and  physi- 
cian of  Ills  iM'ople  :  iiuil  one  <jf  the  most  ex- 


tensive rariuers  in  the  town,  lie  was  the  au- 
thor of  Election  Sermon.  He  died  Sept.  6, 
17(50,  ill   Wooflbui'v.  Conn. 

Stoddard,  Charles  Augustus,  clergyman, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  May  28,  1833, 
in  Boston,  Mass.  During  1859-84  he  was 
pastor  Washington  Heights  presbyterian 
church  of  New  York  City.  In  1873  he  be- 
came proprietor  of  the  New  York  Observer, 
of  which  he  is  also  editor.  He  is  the  autlior 
of  Across  Kussia ;  Spanish  Cities ;  Beyond 
the  Rockies ;  A  Spring  Journey  in  Califor- 
nia :  and  Cruising  Among  the  Caribbees. 

Stoddard,  Charles  Warren,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Aug.  7,  1843,  in  Roches- 
ter, N.Y.  In  1864  he  made  a  voyage  to  the 
Hawaiian  Islands,  where  he  passed  much 
time ;  and  was  correspondent  for  the  San 
Francisco  Ciironicle.  In  1885-87  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  English  literature  in  university  of 
Notre  Dame,  Ind. ;  and  since  1889  has  filled 
the  same  chair  in  the  catholic  university  of 
Washington.  D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  Soutli 
Sea  Idyls  ;  Mashallah,  a  Flight  into  Egypt ; 
The  Lepers  of  Molokai  ;  A  Cruise  Under  the 
Crescent  from  Suez  to  San  Marco;  With 
Staff  and  Scriii ;  Under  Italian  Skies ;  Hith- 
er and  Yon  ;  The  Wonder  Worker  of  Padua  ; 
Over  the  Rocky  Mountains  to  Alaska  ;  The 
Island  of  Tranquil  Delights;  and  The  Con- 
fessions of  a   Reformed  Poet. 

Stoddard,  David  Tappan,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, author,  was  born  Dec.  2,  1818,  in 
Northampton,  Mass.  In  1840  he  was  a  tutor 
at  Yale  university  ;  and  for  many  years  was 
a  missionary  to  Persia.  He  was  the  author  of 
Graiiuiiar  in  Modern  Syrian  Language.  He 
died  Jan.  22,  1857,  in  Persia. 

Stoddard,  Ebenezer,  lawyer,  lieutenant- 
governor,  congressman,  was  born  May  6, 
1786,  in  West  Woodstock,  Conn.  He  was 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  Connecti- 
cut state  legislature ;  and  was  lieut(niant- 
governor  of  the  state  for  one  year.  In  1821- 
25  he  was  a  representative  to  the  seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  congresses.  He  died  Aug.  11. 
1848.   in   NVoodstock,  Conn. 

Stoddard,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Drew,  auHior, 
poet,  was  born  May  6,  1823,  in  Mattapoiseit, 
Mass.  She  was  the  author  of  The  Morge- 
sons;  T(Miiple  House;  Two  Men;  Lolly 
Dink's  Doings,  a  juvenile  tale;  and  Poeuis. 
She  died  in  1902  in  New  York  City. 

Stoddard,  Enoch  Vine,  soldier,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  liorn  .Inly  10,  1840,  in 
New  London.  Conn.  Since  1865  he  has  (irac- 
liced  medicine  in  Rochester,  N.Y.  He  was 
surgeon  of  the  sixty-lifth  regiment  New  York 
v(dunte.-rs  in  1863-64.  He  has  lieen  health 
conimi.ssioni'r  of  Rochester.  N.Y. ;  and  is 
emeritus  professor  of  therapeutics  and  hy- 
giene in  the  ineilical  department  of  the  uni- 
versity of  linflalo.  He  is  the  author  of  Bert- 
rand  Du  (Jueselin,  His  Life  and  Times;  and 
eoutriiiutions  to  medical  and  scientific  peri- 
odicals. 

Stoddard,  Francis  Hovey,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aiuil  25.  1847.  in  Mi<Idle- 
bury.   V(.    He   is  |Uofessor  of   English   lilera- 


354 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ture  in  the  New  York  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Mocleru  Novel ;  The  Ideal  in 
Literature ;  Psycho-Biography ;  Women  in 
the  English  Universities ;  The  Cacdmou  Po- 
ems ;  Conditions  of  Labor  in  England  ;  Mir- 
acle Plays  and  Mysteries  ;  Tolstoi  and  Mat- 
thew Arnold  ;  The  Uses  of  Rhetoric  ;  Induc- 
tive Work  in  College  Classes;  Literary  Spir- 
it in  the  Colleges ;  The  Study  of  the  English 
Language ;  The  Evolution  of  the  English 
Novel ;  and  Poems  of  National  Spirit. 

Stoddard,  John,  jurist,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  11,  1681.  He  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  council  of  Massachusetts ; 
chief  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  ; 
and  colonel  of  militia.  His  Journal  of  an 
Expedition  to  Canada,  1713-14,  was  printed 
in  the  Genealogical  liegister  in  1851.  He  died 
June  19.  1748,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Stoddard,  John  F.,  educator,  autlior,  was 
born  July  20,  1825,  in  Greenfield,  N.Y.  He 
was  eminently  successful  as  an  instructor  of 
mathematics  and  in  his  efforts  to  promote 
normal  schools  ;  and  left  a  fiaid  to  Rochester 
university  for  a  gold  medal  to  be  awarded  to 
the  best  student  in  mathematics.  He  was  the 
author  of  Practical  Arithmetic ;  I'hilosoph- 
ical  Arithmetic;  University  Algebra;  and 
School  Arithmetic.  He  died  Aug.  6,  1873,  in 
Kearney,  N.J. 

Stoddard,  John  Lawson,  lecturer,  author, 
was  born  April  24,  1850.  In  Brookline,  Mass. 
He  is  a  stereopticon  lecturer.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Red  Letter  Days  Abroad  ;  Napoleon 
from  Corsica  to  St.  Helena  ;  Glimpses  of  the 
World,  a  I'ortfolio  of  Photographs;  and 
Stoddard'Lcctures  on  Travel  Abroad  and  in 
America,  in  ten  \olnmes. 

Stoddard,  John  Potter,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
ITnited  Stati's  senator,  was  born  Aug.  2.  1820, 
in  Princeton,  N.J.  In  1857-61  he  was  TTnited 
States  minister  to  Rome,  Italy.  In  1865  he 
was  chosen  United  States  senator  frorn  New 
Jersey ;  was  subsequently  unseated ;  and  in 
1869  was  elected  for  term  ending  in  1875.  In 
1877  he  was  appointed  attorney -general  of 
New  Jeisey  :  and  was  chosen  again  in  1882 
and  in  1887. 

Stoddard,  John  Tappan,  educator,  chem- 
ist, author,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1852,  in  Is'orth- 
amptQii,  INInss.  In  1874  he  graduated  ;  and  in 
H„  1875-76  was  a  student 
of  cheniistry  and  phys- 
ics at  Amhurst  college. 
He  also  studied  in 
Gottingen,  where  he 
received  the  degrees  of 
A. INI.  and  Ph.D.  In 
1874-75  be  was  an  as- 
sistant priiicii)al  of 
the  Northampton  high 
school.  In  1878-81  he 
was  professor  of  phys- 
ics and  mathematics  ; 
in  1881-97  was  profcs- 
pliysics;  and  since  1891 
of    chemistry    at    Smith 


S(ir  of  <'ii('niisl  i'.\'  niid 
has    bt>en    jjrofcssoi 


college.    He  is  the  author  of  Outlying  Quali- 


tative Analysis;  Lecture  Notes  on  General 
(Chemistry,  in  two  volumes ;  and  is  a  contrib- 
utor of  scientific  articles  and  reviews  to 
nmgazines. 

Stoddard,  Joshua  C,  inventor,  poet,  was 
born  Aug.  26,  1814,  in  Pawlet,  Vt.  He 
lurned  his  attention  to  inventing;  and  in 
1856  devised  the  steam-calliope,  which  is  used 
on  Mississippi  steamers.  He  also  invented 
the  Stoddard  horse-rake  and  hay-tedder.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems.  He 
died  May  10,  1902,  in  Springfield,  Mass. 

Stoddard,  Nathan,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1742  in  Woodbury,  N.J.  He  saw  service  at 
Ticonderoga.  He  was  made  captain  of  the 
eighth  regiment  of  Connecticut  line  in  1777  ; 
and  was  engaged  with  the  enemy  at  Dan- 
bury,  Peekskili  and  Germantown.  At  the 
siege  of  Fort  Mifflin,  all  the  superior  officers 
having  been  killed  or  disabled,  Stoddard  as- 
sumed the  desperate  command,,  and  was 
killed  by  a  cannon  shot  which  severed  his 
JKvad  from  his  body.  Nov.  15,  1777. 

Stoddard,  Richard  Henry,  journalist,  au- 
tlior. poet,  was  born  July  2,  1825,  in  Hing- 
ham,  Mass.  In  1874-75  he  was  city  libra- 
rian of  New  York. 
He  has  been  literary 
editor  of  The  Mail 
and  Express  since 
18S0.  He  edited  the 
Bric-a-Brac  Series 
and  other  volumes, 
while  his  own  writ- 
ings include  Poems; 
Adventures  in  Fairy 
l^and ;  Footprints ; 

Life  of  Humboldt; 
Songs  of  Sunuuer ; 
The  King's  Bell;  The 
Book  of  the  East;  Abraham  Lincoln;  a  Ho- 
ratian  Ode;  Putnam  the  Brave;  A  Century 
After;  Life  of  Washington  Irving;  The  Li- 
on's Cub,  with  Other  Verse;  and  Under  the 
Evening  Lamp,  a  collection  of  essays  on 
literary  topics.  He  died  May  12,  1903,  in 
New  York  City. 

Stoddard,  Richard  Cross,  lawyer,  public 
ofiicial,  was  born  Sept.  3,  1876,  in  Reno,  Ne- 
vada. He  was  educated  in  the  public  high 
schools  of  his  native  city  ;  and  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Nevada.  He  soon  attained  success  in 
the  i)ractice  of  law;  and  in  1905-06  was  city 
attorney  of  Reno,  Nevada.  II<'  is  now  attor- 
ney-general for  the  state  of  Nevada  for  the 
term  of  1907-11. 

Stoddard,  Solomon,  clergyuuui,  author, 
was  born  in  1(14;!  in  J'.oston,  .Mass.  He  was 
a  congregational  clergyman;  and  pastor  at 
Nortban;ptou  in  1072-1729.  He  was  the 
author  of  Appeal  to  the  Learned;  Guide  to 
Christ;  Safety  in  the  Righteousness  of 
Christ;  and  Doctrine  of  Instituted  Cluirches 
Explained,  a  reply  to  Increase  blather's  Or- 
der of  the  (Josi)eh  and  one  which  occasioned 
much  exciting  controversy.  He  was  a  son 
of  Anthony  Stoddard,  the  emigrant.  He 
died    Feb.    11,    172!),   in  Northami)ton,   Mass. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


355 


Stoddard,  Solomon,  educator,  author,  was 
burn  in  ISOO  in  Xi)itliaini)lon,  Mass.  He 
bt'canu-  inofossor  of  languages  at  Middle- 
bury  college,  \'ermont.  He  was  co-author 
with  Ethan  Allen  Andrews  of  a  Ciranmiar 
of  the  Latin  Language,  which  was  at  one 
time  almost  universally  used  in  America; 
and  had  passed  through  sixty-five  editions. 
He  died  Nov.  11,  1847,  in  N<)rlhanii)ton, 
Mass. 

Stoddard,  William  Osborn,  journalist,  in- 
vcntiir.  auilior,  was  horn  Sci)t.  24,  1835,  in 
Homer,   N.Y.      In    1857-00    he   was    engaged 

as    a    journalist     and 
^^  farmer     in       Chicago 

^^^^■1^.  and     Champaign,     111. 

In  1801  he  served  in 
tlie  civil  war.  He  was 
private  secretary  to 
President  Lincoln.  In 
18G4-GG  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  marshal  of 
Arkansas.  Since  18G6 
he  has  been  in  jour- 
nal isisin  and  business 
pursuits  in  New  York 
as  an  inventor;  and 
lias  held  oirice  under  the  city  government. 
He  is  the  author  of  Little  Smoke;  The 
Windfall;  Esau  Hardery ;  Dab  Kinzer; 
Saltillo  Boys;  Wrecked;  Verses  of  Many 
Days:  The  Heart  of  It;  The  White  Cave,  an 
Australian  Story;  The  Red  Mustang;  Two 
Arrows;  Among  the  Lakes;  The  Quartet; 
Winter  Fun;  Men  of  Business;  The  Talking 
Leaves;  The  Volcano  Under  the  City,  a 
story  of  the  draft  riots  in  New  York;  Lives 
of  the  Presidents;  Gid  Granger;  Chuck 
Purely ;  Lincoln  at  Work;  Ahead  of  the 
Army;  Dan  Monroe;  and  Two  Cadets  with 
Wasliinglon. 

Stoddart,  John  T.,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  17!)0  in  Charles 
county.  .Mil.  In  1810  he  graduated  from 
Princeton  college.  He  served  in  the  war  of 
1812.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
state  house  of  representatives.  In  183;i-:{5 
he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  twenty-third  congress.  He  died  duly 
]<).    1870.  in  Charles  county.  .Md. 

Stoddert,  Benjamin,  soldier,  merchant, 
cabinet  ollieer.  was  born  in  1751  in  Charles 
county,  Md.  He  served  as  a  major  during 
the  revolution;  and  was  for  many  years 
extensively  engaged  in  nx-rcantile  jjursuits 
in  (Jeorgetown,  D.C.  In  17!)8-1801  he  was 
secretary  of  the  navy.  He  died  Dee.  18, 
181:5.   in    l',la<lensburg,"   .Md. 

Stoeckel,  uustave  Jacob,  musician,  edu- 
cator, composer,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1811).  in 
(iermany.  In  1849  he  became  an  instruc- 
tor in  music  at  Vale;  and  organist  of  the 
eolleg<'  cliapcd.  He  was  the  author  of  a 
collecti<m  of  sacred  music  for  mixed  voices, 
and  College  Hynui  Book  for  male  voices, 
besides  compositions  for  the  ]iiani>.  songs 
and  nvertuies  and  symphonies  for  orchestra. 
He  died  May  17,  r.M)7,  in  New  Haven,  Coini. 


Stoever,  Martin  Luther,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  17,  1820,  in  Germantown,  Pa. 
He  was  a  professor  in  the  college  at  Gettys- 
l)urg  in  1840-70.  He  was  the  author  of 
Brief  Sketch  of  the  Lutheran  Church  in  tlie 
L'nited  Stales;  and  Life  and  Times  of  Henry 
Muhlenberg.  He  died  -Inly  22,  1870,  in 
Germantown,  Pa. 

Stokely,  Samuel,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Ohio.  He  served 
in  the  Ohio  state  legislature.  In  1841-43 
he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
twenty-seventh   congress.      He  died  in  Ohio. 

Stokes,  Anson  Phelps,  banker  author,  was 
born  Feb.  22,  1838,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1900  he  was  president  of  the  national  as- 
sociation of  anti-imperalist  club.  He  is  the 
author  of  Joint  ]Melalism:  Cruising  in  the 
West  Indies;  and  Cruising  in  the  Caribbean 
with  a  Camera. 

Stokes,  Charles  Francis,  educator,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1803,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Adelplii  academy  and  polytechnic  collegiate 
institute  and  Columbia  university  of  New 
York  City.  In  1884-85  he  was  house  sur- 
geon at  the  Bellevue  hospital  of  New  York 
City;  in  1885-80  at  the  CJouveneur  hospital; 
and  in  1880-89  was  visiting  surgeon  to  the 
New  York  hospital.  In  1889-1903  he  was 
surgeon  in  the  United  States  navy.  Since 
1903  he  has  tilled  the  chair  of  military  sur- 
gery in  the  United  States  medical  school ; 
and  is  now  connected  with  the  United 
States  naval  hospital  at  San  Juan,  Porto 
Hi  CO. 

Stokes,  Edward  Caspar,  banker,  governor, 
was  born  Dec.  22,  1800,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  :\lillville,  N.J.;  at  the  Friends'  school  of 
Providence,  K.I.;  and  received  the  degree 
of  A.B.  from  Brown  university.  Since  1883 
lie  has  been  engaged  in  banking;  and  is 
l)resideut  of  the  Alechanics'  national  bank 
of  Trenton.  N.J.  In  1889-98  he  was  city 
.-uperintendent  of  ))ublic  schools  of  .Mill- 
ville,  N.J.  In  1891-92  he  was  a  member 
of  the  New  Jersej'^  assembly;  in  1892-1901 
was  a  mend)er  of  the  state  senate,  being 
l)rt'sident  of  the  senate  in  1895;  in  1900  was 
vice-chairman  of  the  state  republican  com- 
mittee; and  in  19(n-05  was  clerk  of  the 
court  of  chancery.  In  1905-08  he  was  gov- 
ernor  of   the    state    of    New   Jersey. 

Stokes,  Frank  Wilbert,  artist,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.  In 
l!S!):{-94  he  was  the  artist  member  of  the 
Peary  North  (ireenlield  e\])edition ;  and  in 
1900"  joined  as  artist  with  the  Swedish  ant- 
arctic expedition. 

Stokes,  Frederick  Abbot,  editor,  publisher, 
aiUlior.  was  i»orn  Nov.  4,  1857.  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  hi  1879  he  grailuated  from  Yale  uni- 
versity. He  is  jiresident  of  the  Fredi'rick 
A.  Stokes  c()mi)any,  publishers  of  New  York 
City.  In  1898-1901  he  was  editor  of  the 
I'oeket  .Magazine.  He  is  the  author  of  Col- 
lege   Tramps;     and    is    the     editor    of     The 


356 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOQRAPHTj 


Poems    of    Charles    Dickens;    and    of    other 
works. 

Stokes,  Henry  Bolter,  insurance  president, 
capitalist,  was  boru  Dec.  23,  1847,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  educated  at  Mount 
Pleasant  academy  and  at  Columbia  gram- 
mar school.  His  father,  Henry  Stokes,  was 
president  of  the  Manhattan  Life  insurance 
company  in  18G1-88;  and  the  son  became 
connected  with  the  clerical  department  in 
his  boyhood.  In  1889  he  became  vice-presi- 
dent; and  in  1890  president  of  the  Manhat- 
tan l.fe  insurance  company.  He  died  in 
January,   1914. 

Stokes,  Henry  Newlin,  chemist,  educator, 
was  born  Oct.  24,  1859,  in  ^loorestown,  K.J. 
In  1889  he  became  assistant  chemist  in  the 
United  States  geological  survey.  In  1892 
he  was  appointed  assistant  professor  of  gen- 
eral and  inorganic  chemistry  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Chicago;  and  in  1894-1903  to  the 
United  States  geological  survey.  In  1903 
he  was  appointed  chemijit  in  the  bureau  of 
standards. 

Stokes,  James,  banker,  director,  was  born 
in  1852  in  ^\ew  York  City.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  the  banking  business  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  director  of  the  Manhattan  life 
insurance  company;  and  director  of  the 
United  States  electric  light  and  power  com- 
pany. 

Stokes,  James  Hughes,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1814  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  aided  in  the 
equipment  of  volunteers;  and  joined  the 
army  as  captain,  served  in  Tennessee,  and 
afterward  as  assistant  adjutant-general.  He 
was  made  a  brigadier-general  in  1865.  He 
died-  Dec.  27,  1890,  in  New  York  City. 

Stokes,  James  William,  agriculturist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  12,  1853,  in  Orange- 
burg county,  S.C.  He  was  president  of  the 
state  farmei-s"  alliance  two  terms ;  was  elect- 
ed to  the  South  Carolina  state  senate  in 
1890  :  was  a  delegate  at  large  to  the  national 
democratic  convention  at  Chicago  in  1892, 
and  was  presidential  elector  the  same  year. 
He  received  the  certificate  of  election  to  the 
fifty-fourth  congress,  but  the  seat  was  de- 
clared vacant.  In  1895-1901  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth  and 
fifty-sixth  congresses.  He  died  July  6,  1901, 
in  Orangelmrg,  S.C. 

Stokes,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  a  native  of  North  Carolina.  He  served 
as  a  colonel  in  the  revolution  ;  and  in  1790 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States 
distiict  court  for  North  Carolina.  He  died 
In  October.  1790.  in  Lafayetteville,  N.C. 

Stokes,  John  P.,  state  representative  of 
Florida,  was  born  Nov.  30,  1886.  in  Peusa- 
cola,  Fla.  He  was  educated  in  the  city 
schools ;  studied  law :  and  attained  success 
at  the  bar.  He  has  been  circuit  court  com- 
missioner and  United  States  commissioner; 
and  was  special  council  for  the  United 
States  in  the  Jackson  lumber  company  peon- 
age cases.  He  is  a  state  representative  in  the 
Florida  legislature  from  Escambia  county  for 


the   term   of   1908-11,   has  been   speaker  pro 
tern ;  and  resides  in  Pensacola,  Fla. 

Stokes,  Montford,  governor.  United  States 
senator,  was  boru  in  1760  in  Wilkes 
county,  N.C.  In  1815-23  he  was  United 
States  senator.  In  1826  he  went  into  the 
general  assembly  of  North  Carolina  as  state 
senator ;  and  in  1829-30  was  a  member  of 
the  commons.  In  1830  he  was  the  eighteenth 
governor  of  North  Carolina.  He  died  in 
1842  in   Arkansas. 

Stokes,  William  Brickley,  soldier,  agri- 
culturist, state  senator,  congressman,  was 
born  Sept.  9,  1814,  in  Cheatham  county,  N.C. 
He  served  two  terms  as  a  representative  of 
the  Tennessee  legislature ;  and  one  term  as  a 
senator.  During  the  civil  war  he  served  as  a 
colonel  in  the  union  army.  In  1859-61  and 
1865-71  he  was  a  representative  from  Ten- 
nessee to  the  thirty-sixth,  thirty-ninth,  for- 
tieth and  forty-first  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. In  1869  he  was  republican  candidate 
for  governor  of  Tennessee.  He  died  March 
20,  1897.  in  Liberty,  Tenn. 

Stolberg,  Peter  H.,  lawyer,  was  born  Dec. 
7,  1848,  in  Sweden.  In  1868  he  emigrated  to 
America  ;  and  has  since  attained  success  as 
an  able  lawyer  of  Harris,  Minn.  He  has 
served  as  receiver  in  the  LTuited  States  land 
office  of  Taylor's  Falls,  Minn.  ;  and  has  been 
county  attorney  for  eight  years. 

Stolbrand,  Carlos  John  Meuller,  soldier, 
inventor,  was  born  May  11,  1821,  in  Sweden. 
He  participated  in  the  campaign  of  Atlanta 
and  the  march  to  the  sea  ;  and  in  1865  was 
promoted  to  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  made  various  improvements  in  steam  en- 
gines and  steam  boilers.  He  died  Feb.  3, 
1894.  in  Charlston,  S.C. 

Stolz,  Joseph,  rabbi,  author,  was  born 
Nov.  3,  1861,  in  Syracuse,  N.Y.  Since  1887 
he  has  been  rabbi  of  Isaiah  temple  at  Chi- 
cago, 111.  In  1900-06  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Chicago  board  of  education  ;  and  presi- 
dent of  the  central  conference  of  American 
rabbis.  He  is;  the  author  of  Funeral  Agenda 
of  Jews. 

Stone,  Alfred,  designer,  architect,  was 
born  July  29.  1834.  in  East  Machias,  Maine, 
lie  designed  many  of  the  most  important 
public  buildings,  business  blocks  and  private 
residences  of  Providence.  R.I.,  including  the 
public  library  and  court  house;  and  was  sec- 
retary of  the  American  institute  of  archi- 
tects. He  was  president  of  the  Rhode  Is- 
land chapter  of  the  American  institute  of 
architects.  He  died  Sept.  6,  1908,  in  Peter- 
boro.  N.PI. 

Stone,  Alfred  Holt,  planter,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  16.  1870,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 
Since  1893  he  has  been  engaged  as  a  cotton 
planter.  He  is  the  author  of  Studies  in  the 
American  Race  Problem. 

Stone,  Alfred  P.,  merchant,  congressman. 
He  was  treasurer  of  the  state  of  Ohio.  In 
1843-45  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  twenty-eighth  congress;  and  was  ap- 
pointed  by   President   Lincoln   a   collector  of 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


337 


internal   rt'venue.    He  died   Aug.  2,   1865,  in 
Columbus,  Ohio. 

Stone,  Amasa,  pliiiunthropist,  was  born 
April  27,  1818,  in  Charlton,  .Mass.  lie  gave 
large  sums  in  charity  to  the  city  of  Cleve- 
land. He  built  and  endowed  the  home  for 
aged  women  and  the  industrial  school  for 
children  ;  and  gave  six  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars to  Adelbert  college  of  Western  Iteserve 
university.  He  died  May  11,  1883,  in  Cleve- 
land. Ohio. 

Stone,  Andrew  Leete,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  25.  1815,  in  Oxfonl,  Conn. 
In  18156-92  he  was  pastor  of  the  Park  street 
church  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  was  the 
author  of  Service  the  End  of  Living  ;  Ash- 
ton's  Mothers  :  Memorial  Discourses  ;  and 
Leaves  from  a  Finished  Pastorate.  He  died 
Jan.   17.   1892.   in    San   Francisco,   Cal. 

Stone,  Barton  Warren,  journalist,  clergy- 
man reformer,  was  born  Dec.  24.  1772.  in 
Port  Tobacco,  Md.  He  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  Christian  church  ;  and  established 
churches  in  Ohio,  Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  ' 
In  1834  he  edited  the  Christian  Messenger. 
He  died  Nov.  9,  1844.  in  Hannibal,  Mo. 

Stone,  Charles  W.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
lieutenant-governor,  congressman,  was  born 
June  29.  1843,  in  Groton,  Mass.  He  was 
educated  at  Williams  college.  In  1865  he 
was  appointed  county  superintendent  of 
schools  of  Warren  county.  Pa.;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Pennsylvania  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1870-71 :  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Peimsylvania  state  senate  in  1877-78.  He 
was  lieutenant-governor  in  1879-83  :  and  was 
appointed  secretary  of  the  commonwealth  in 
1887.  In  1890-99  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  fifty-first,  fifty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty- 
fourth  and  fiftv-fifth  congresses  as  a  rejmb- 
lican.    He  diod  Aug.  15.  1912. 

Stone,  Charles  Wellington,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  1  )o(\  13.  1853.  in  Templeton, 
Ma.ss.  In  1879  he  established  the  school  pre- 
paratory for  Harvard  :  and  is  now  principal 
of  the  Stone  school  of  Beacon  street.  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1890-97  he  was  secretary  of  the 
Handel  and  Ilayden  society ;  and  president 
of  the  Stone  Families  of  Ameiica.  He  is 
the  author  of  Xefdlcs  of  Pine;  of  various 
textbooks  privately  jiriuted  for  the  Stone 
school,  and  of  various  addresses  on  historical 
and   L'f'i»<Mlo:ri<;'l   subjccls. 

Stone,  Claudius  Ulysses,  congressman, 
was  l)()rn  in  Mciuird  county.  111..  May  11. 
1879.  lie  served  as  a  corporal  in  Comi)any 
K.  fourth  Illinois  volunteer  infantry,  for 
twrlvc  months  durinii  the  SiianisJi-.Vnicrican 
war.  four  months  of  tin-  timi'  being  spent  in 
('ui)a.  In  1911-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third    <  ongress<'s. 

Stone,  Collins  clergyman  and  educator, 
was  born  Sept.  7.  1S12.  in  (Juilford.  Conn. 
In  1852-63  hi-  was  principal  to  the  Ohio  state 
asylum  f(U-  tlie  deaf  and  diimb  at  Columbus; 
and  in  1863-70  was  in  charge  of  the  a.sylum 
at  Hartford.  He  died  Dee.  32.  1870.  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn. 


Stone,  David,  lawyer,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  governor,  was  born  Feb.  17, 
1770.  in  Hope,  N.C.  He  was  for  four  years 
in  the  state  legislature ;  and  was  a  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  North  Carolina  in 
1795-98.  In  1799-1801  he  \vas  a  representa- 
tive to  the  sixth  congress;  and  in  1801-07 
and  1813-15  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  was  the  eighth  governor  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1808-10.  He  died  Oct.  7,  1818,  in  Ra- 
leigh, X.C. 

Stone,  David  Marvin,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  23,  1817,  in  Oxford,  Conu. 
He  was  editor  of  the  New  York  Journal  of 
Commerce  in  1849-93.  He  was  the  author  of 
Frank  Forrest  which  passed  into  twenty  edi- 
tions. He  died  April  2,  1895,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y. 

Stone,  Eben  F.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  in  1822  in 
Newburyport,  Mass.  He  served  terms  in 
each  branch  of  the  state  legislature.  He 
served  in  the  union  army  during  the  civil 
t  war  in  command  of  a  regiment.  In  1881- 
87  he  was  a  representative  from  Massachu- 
setts to  the  forty-seventh,  forty-eighth  and 
forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died  Jan.  21,   1895,   in  Newburyport,   Mass. 

Stone,  Ebenezer  Whitten,  soldier,  aiitlior, 
was  born  June  10,  1801.  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  was  an  adjutant-general  pf  the  Massa- 
chusetts militia  in  18.51-80.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Digest  of  Massachusetts  ^lilitia 
Laws;  Compend  of  Instructions  in  Military 
Tactics ;  and  Manual  of  Percussion  Aim. 
He  died  April   18.   1880,  in   Roxbnry,  IMass. 

Stone,  Edwin  Martin,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  21),  1805,  in  Framingham, 
Mass.  In  1847  he  took  charge  of  the  min- 
istry-at-largi'  in  Providence,  R.T.;  devoting 
himself  for  thirty  jears  to  mission  work. 
He  was  the  author  of  Life  of  Elhanan  Win- 
chester; History  of  Barre.  Massachusetts, 
1030-1842;  The  Invasion  of  Canada  in  1775; 
and  Our  French  Allies  in  the  Revolution. 
He  (lied  Di'c.  15,  ISS.S,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Stone,  Edwin  Winchester,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  in  183.)  in  .Massachusetts.  He  was 
a  soldier  in  the  federal  army  during  the 
civil  war.  He  was  the  war  correspondent  of 
the  Providence  .lonrnal.  He  was  the  author 
of  Rhode  Island  in  the  Rebellion.  He  died 
ill.  1S7S   in    I'rox  i<lence.   R.I. 

Stone,  Ellen  Maria,  educator,  missionary, 
author,  was  born  July  24,  1846,  in  Roxbnry, 
.Mass.  In  187H  she  became  a  missionary  in 
Bulgaria.  In  1001  she  was  kidnappetl  by 
brigands,  and  a  ransom  of  one  hun(lred  and 
ten  tiiousand  dollars  demanded.  A  public 
subscription  of  sixty-five  thotisand  dollars 
was  raised  in  the  I'liited  States;,  and  she 
was  released  after  nearly  six  monllis  of  eap- 
tivity.  She  is  the  author  of  Six  Months 
.\nioiig  Brigands. 

Stone,  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist,  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  7,  1820, 
near  Alexandria.  \u.  In  I8()4  and  1871  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Maryland  state  legls- 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


lature.  In  1867-71  he  was  a  representative 
from  Maryland  to  the  fortieth  and  forty- 
first  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1881  he 
was  elected  chief  judge  of  Seventh  judicial 
district.  He  died  Oct.  17,  1899,  near  La 
Plata,  Md. 

Stone,  Frederick  Dawson,  soldier,  librar- 
ian, was  born  April  8,  1841,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.-  He  served  in  the  civil  war  as  a  private 
soldier;  and  participated  in  the  Gettysburg 
campaign.  In  1876-97  he  was  librarian  of 
the  Pennsylvania  historical  society.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Founding  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  the  Federal  Constitution.  He 
died  Aug.  12,  1897.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Stone,  George  Augustus,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieuten- 
ant in  the  first  regiment  in  the  Iowa  in- 
fantry; and  in  186.5  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  died  May  26,  1901. 
Stone,  George  Edward,  educator,  botanist, 
was  born  Sept.  6,  1860,  in  Leicester,  Mass. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Massachusetts;  received  the  degree  of  B.S. 
from  the  Massachusetts  agricultural  college; 
and  was  a  student  at  the  JNIassachusetts  in- 
stitute of  technology  and  at  the  university 
of  Leipsig  where  he  received  the  degree  of 
Ph.D.  Since  1893  he  has  been  professor  of 
botany  in  the  Massachusetts  agricultural 
college;  and  is  botanist  to  the  Massachvi- 
setts  board  of  agriculture.  He  is  a  fellow 
of  the  American  association  for  the  advance- 
ment of  science;  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
the  American  naturalists;  a  member  of  the 
Botanical  society  of  America;  and  a  mem- 
ber  of   several    other    societies. 

Stone,  George  Hapwood,  educator,  geol- 
ogist, author,  was  born  Nov.  22,  1841,  in 
New  York  City.  For  several  years  he  was 
professor  of  geology  at  the  Colorado  col- 
lege; and  was  assistant  mining  geologist  in 
the  United  States  geological  survey.  He  is 
the  author  of  Wonder  Money. 

Stone,  George  N.,  soldier,  capitalist,  was 
born  July  17,  1840,  in  Stark,  N.H.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war;  and  for  services  at 
the  battle  of  Fredericksburg  he  was  made 
first  lieutenant,  and  on  the  following  May 
became  captain.  He  became  president  of  the 
Chester  park  driving  association.  He  was 
president  of  the  Cincinnati  bell  telephone 
company.  He  died  March  8,  1901,  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio. 

Stone,  George  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
chief  justice  of  the  suprtMue  court  of  Ala- 
bama. He  died  March  11,  1894,  in  Montgom- 
ery, Ala. 

Stone,  Gustavus,  manufacturer,  was  born 
Aug.  24,  1820,  in  Canton,  Mass.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  and  at  the 
academy  in  the  place  of  his  nativity.  In 
1839  with  his  father  he  moved  west  and  .set- 
tled on  a  farm  near  Belvidere,  111.  In  1848 
he  moved  to  Beloit,  Wis.;  and  the  follow- 
ing year  began  the  manufacture  of  grain 
liarvesting  machinery  under  the  firm  name 
of  Parker  and  Stone.    In  1878  he  began  the 


manufacture  and  sale  of  the  Appleby  twine 
binder;  and  inti-oduced  for  the  first  time  in 
the  world  the  successful  use  of  twine  for 
binding  grain  in  competition  with  wire  bind- 
ers. In  1886  he  retired  from  active  busi- 
ness pursuits.  He  died  in  1902  in  Beloit, 
Wis. 

Stone,  Herbert  Stuart,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  May  29,  1871,  in  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  the  editor  and  owner  of  The  Cnap  Book ; 
and  was  the  founder  of  the  publishing  house 
of  Herbert  S.  Stone  and  Companj'  of  Chi- 
cago. He  is  the  author  of  First  Editions  of 
American  Authors. 

Stone,  I.  Frank,  business  president,  was 
born  March  2,  1867,  in  Chicago,  111.  Since 
190()  he  has  been  president  of  the  National 
Aniline  and  Chemical  company;  he  is  vice- 
president  of  the  Schoellkopf,  Hartford  and 
Hanna  company;  and  a  director  of  the  Con- 
tact Process  company.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  New  York  chamber  of  commerce,  college 
of  pharmacy  and  various  other  institutions. 

•  Stone,  James  Kent,  clergyman,  college 
president,  missionary,  author,  was  born  in 
1840  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  a  Roman  cath- 
olic clergyman  of  the  order  of  Passionists; 
and  known  as  Father  Fidelis.  He  was  for- 
merly an  episcopal  clergjnnan  and  president 
of  Hobart  college.  He  is  now  a  missionary 
in  South  America. 

Stone,  James  Samuel,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  27,  1852,  in  England.  He  is 
episcopal  clergyman  of  St.  James  church, 
Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of  Simple  Ser- 
mons on  Simple  Subjects;  The  Heart  of 
]\Ierrie  England;  Readings  in  Church  His- 
tory: and  ^^'oo(is  and  Dales  of  Derbyshire. 

Stone,  James  W.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1813  in  Taylorsville,  Ky.  In  1843-4.5  and 
IS")  1-53  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  twenty-eighth  and  thirty-sec- 
ond congresses.  He  died  Oct.  13,  1854,  in 
Taylorsville,  Ky. 

Stone,  John  Augustus,  dramatist,  actor 
author,  was  born  in  1801  in  Concord,  Mass. 
He  is  best  remembered  by  Metamora,  a 
play  written  for  Edwin  Forrest,  for  whom 
he  also  wrote  The  Ancient  Briton ;  and 
Fnuntleroy.  Other  dramas  by  him  are, 
Tanorod  ;  The  Demoniac ;  and  La  Koqne.  He  . 
'  died  June  1,  1834.   in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Stone,  John  Hoskins,  soldier,  govci-nor, 
was  born  in  1745  in  Charles  county.  Md.  He 
was  tlie  fourth  governor  of  Maryland  in 
1794-97.  He  died  Oct.  5.  1804,  in  Annap- 
olis.   :\Id. 

Stone,  John  Osgood,  ]diysician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1813.  in  Salem. 
INfass.  For  many  years  he  was  a  surgeon  at 
P.ellevue  hospital  of  New  York  City :  and 
was  president  of  the  first  metropolitan  board 
of  health.  He  was  the  author  of  many  sur- 
gical papers.  He  died  June  7.  1876,  in  New 
York   City. 

Stone,  John  Marshall,  farmer,  soldier,  leg- 
islator,  s'('vernor,    was   born   April    30,    1830, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


359 


in 


Gibson   county,   Tenn. 
war 


A 


Dinin.s  the  civil 
he  commandod  a 
regiment  of  infantry 
in'  the  confederate 
army ;  and  served 
four  years  in  the  army 
of  northern  Virginia. 
In  J  870-1876  he  was  a 
state  senator  in  the 
Mississippi  1  e  g  i  s  1  a- 
t  u  r  e.  He  was  the 
I  wenty-fif  til  governor 
of  Mississiiipi  in  1876- 
82  and  1890-96.  In 
1884-85  he  was  rail- 
road connnissioner.  He  died  March  26, 
1900.   in   Holly   Springs.   Miss. 

Stone,  John  Seeley,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Oct,  7,  1795,  in  (Jreat  Barrington, 
Mass.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of 
Cambridge  :  and  dean  of  the  Episcopal  theo- 
logical school  there  in  1867-72.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Living  Temiile ;  The  Chris- 
tian Sacraments;  Sermons;  Memoir  of 
Bishop  Griswold;  The  Christian  Sabbath; 
and  The  Contrast,  or  the  Evangelical  and 
Tract;!  rian  Systems  Compared.  He  died 
Jan.  13.  1882.  in  Cambridge.  Mass. 

Stone,  John  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  18.  1838,  in  Wadsworth, 
Ohio.  He  practiced  law  in  Grand  liapids. 
Mich.  In  1877-81  he  was  a  representative 
from  Michigan  to  the  forty-tifth  and  forty- 
sixth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  in 
1901  in  (irand  Rapids.  Mich. 

Stone,  Joseph  C,  soldier,  physician,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  30,  1829,  in  West- 
port,  N.Y.  He  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
first  Iowa  cavalry  in  1861 ;  and  became  an 
assistant  adjtitant-general.  He  resumed  the 
practice  of  medicine  after  the  civil  war  in 
Burlington.  Iowa.  In  1877-79  he  w^as  a 
representative  from  Iowa  to  the  forty-fifth 
congress. 

Stone,  Lucy,  reformer,  was  born  in  1818. 
In  1847  she  began  the  modern  woman's 
riglits  movement  by  a  series  of  lectures,  be- 
ginning with  one  given  in  her  brother's 
church  in  (Jardner,  Mass.  In  1858  she 
married  for  her  second  husband  Mr.  Henry 
B.  Blackwcll  of  Boston.  Mass.  She  died 
Oct.  18.  1893.   in  Dorchester,  Mass. 

Stone,  Mrs.  Margaret  Manson  Barbour, 
educator.  MUlliur.  was  liorn  I'l'h.  27,  1841, 
in  St.  Louis.  Mo.  In  1885  she  was  jiresi- 
dent  and  originator  of  the  modern  novel 
club.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Problem  of 
l)oiu<'stic  Service;  To  Reading  Clubs;  and 
One  of  Berrnin's   Novels. 

Stone,  Melville  Elijah,  journalist,  was 
1m. ni  Aug.  22,  1848,  in  Hudson,  111.  In  1867 
lie  graduated  from  the  high  school.  Ho  was 
owner  of  a  foundry  and  machine  shop  in 
1869;  ci(y  editor  Cliicago  Inter-Oceau  in 
1872;  and  in  1873  managing  editor  Chicago 
Post  and  Mail.  He  published  the  first  num- 
ber of  the  Chicago  Daily  News  on  Christ- 
mas day  of  1875.  This  publication,  under 
his    able    management,    has    become    one    of 


the  foremost  newspapers  in  America.  Dur- 
ing 1895-98  he  was  president  Globe  national 
bank  ;   and  in  1893  became  general  manager 

of  the  Associated   Press. 

Stone,  Michael  Jenifer,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  about  1750  in  Charles 
county,  ^Id.  In  1789-91  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  ^larylaud  to  the  first  congress. 
He  was  subseiiuenfly  for  many  years  judge 
of  the  Charles  county  court.  He  died  in 
1812  in  Charles  county,  Md. 

Stone,  Ormond,  educator,  astronomer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  11,  1847,  in  Pekin,  111. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high 
schools  and  at  the  university  of  Cliicago 
where  he  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  In 
1870-75  he  was  an  assistant  in  the  United 
States  naval  observatory  of  Waslwngton, 
D.C.  In  1882  he  was  called  to  the  chair  of 
practical  astronomy  in  the  university  of 
Virginia,  with  care  of  the  Leander  McCor- 
mick  observatory,  which  positions  he  still 
fills.  Since  1883  he  has  edited  The  Annals 
of  Mathematics,  which  he  founded.  He  has 
made  noteworthy  observations  of  double 
stars ;    neliula^   and   the   satellites  of   Saturn. 

Stone,  Roy,  soldier,  engineer,  was  born  in 
1836  in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  a  ma- 
jor in  the  thirteenth  Pennsylvania  regiment; 
in  1864  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  for  services  during  the  civil  war; 
and  in  1898  was  honorably  discharged  with 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  Aug. 
6.  1905.  in  Mendham,  N.J. 

Stone,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  30.  1602,  in  England.  He  was  a 
clergyman  of  Hartford.  Conn. ;  and  was  dis- 
tinguished as  a  controversialist  and  was 
celebrated  for  his  wit  and  humor.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  Congregational  Church  Is  a 
Catholic  Visible  Church,  and  he  left  two 
works  in  manu.script.  He  died  July  20,  1663, 
in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Stone,  Thomas,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  independence,  was  born  in  1743  in 
Charles  county,  Md.  In  1775-79  and  1784- 
85  he  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the 
continental  congress.  He  was  a  signer  of 
the  declaration  of  independence;  and  in  1778 
was  chosen  to  the  Maryland  legislature.  He 
died  Oct.  5,  1787,  in  Alexandria,  Va. 

Stone,  Thomas  Treadwell,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  9,  1801,  in  Walerford. 
Maine.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman  of 
IJoston,  Mass.  Tie  was  the  author  of  Ser- 
mons on  War;  Sermons;  The  Rod  and 
StafT;  and  Sketches  of  Oxford  (\uinty, 
Maine.  He  died  Nov.  13,  1895,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Stone,  Warren,  physician,  surgeon,  was 
born  in  Eeluiiary,  1808.  in  St.  All)aus,  Vt. 
He  began  teaching  anatomy  in  1836;  in  1837 
was  ai)iininted  iirofessor  of  that  branch  in 
the  university  of  Louisiana.  He  afterward 
accepted  tiie  chair  of  surgery,  which  he  held 
till  ills  death.  He  died  Dec  6,  1872.  in 
Baton  Rouge,  La. 


360 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Stone,  Warren,  soldier,  physician,  was  born 
in  1843  in  New  Orleans,  La.  In  1873  he 
made  what  is  thought  to  be  the  first  re- 
corded cure  of  traumatic  aneuiism  of  the 
subclavian  artery  Ijy  digital  pressure.  He 
gave  his  services  to  the  people  of  Bruns- 
wick, Ga..  during  the  pi-evalence  of  yellow 
fever  in  1874  and  in  1878.  He  died  Jan.  3, 
1883,   in    New   Orleans,   La. 

Stone,  Wilbur  Fiak,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  December,  1833,  in  Litchfield,  Conn. 
For  many  years  he  taught  school  in  Indi- 
ana; studied  law  and 
for  a  year  was  the 
editor-in-chief  of  the 
Daily  Enquirer  o  f 
Evansville,  Ind.  In 
1859  he  moved  to 
Omaha;  in  1860  to 
Denver;  and  in  1861 
Avas  chosen  a  repre- 
sentative from  Park 
county  to  the  state 
legislature.  In  1862- 
66  he  was  assistant 
United  States  district 
attorney;  and  in  1877  was  elected  to  the 
supreme  bench  of  Colorado.  He  has  con- 
tributed valuable  articles  to  current  litera- 
ture. 

Stone,  William,  governor,  was  born  in  1603, 
in  England.  In  1648-53  he  was  governor  of 
Maryland.  He  died  about  1695  in  Charles 
county,  Md. 

Stone,  William,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Delphi,  Tenn.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Tennessee  to  the  twenty-fifth 
congress.     He  died  in  Tennessee. 

Stone,  William  Alexis,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  April  18, 
1846.  in  Tioga  county,  Pa.  He  has  practiced 
law  at  Wellsboro  and  Pittsburg  since  his 
admission  to  the  bar,  aiul  has  been  district 
attorney  of  Tioga  county  and  United  States 
attorney  for  the  western  district  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1891-09  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty- 
fourth  and  fifty-fifth  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. In  1899-1903  he  was  the  twenty- 
second  governor  of   Pennsylvania. 

Stone,  William  H.,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  7,  1828,  in  Sha- 
wangunk,  N.Y.  He  A\as  president  of  the 
St.  Louis  hot-pressed  nut  and  bolt  com- 
pany. He  was  a  nu'mber  of  the  assembly, 
and  of  the  St.  Louis  board  of  water  com- 
missioners. In  1873-77  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Missouri  to  the  forty-third  and 
forty-fourth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He 
died'  in    1001.  in   St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Stone,  William  Joel,  farmer,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, governor,  ITnited  States  senator, 
was  born  May  7,  1848,  in  Madison  county, 
Ky.  In  1873-74  he  was  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  Vernon  county,  INIo.;  and  was  elector 
on  the  Tilden  and  Hendricks  ticket  in  1876. 
In  1885-91  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
forty-ninth,  fiftieth  and  fifty-first  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.    He  was  the  twenty- 


fourth  governor  of  Missouri  in  1893-97.  In 
1003  he  became  a  member  of  the  United 
States  senate  for  the  terms  ending  in  1915. 

Stone,  William  Johnson,  soldier,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  June  26, 
1841,  in  Lyon  county,  Ky.  In  1867  he  Avas 
elected  a  representative  in  the  Kentucky 
state  legislature;  was  again  elected  to  the 
assembly  in  1875,  and  was  chosen  speaker 
of  the  house.  In  1883  he  was  for  the  third 
time  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature.  In 
1885-95  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  forty-ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-first, 
fifty-second  and  fifty-third  congresses. 

Stone,  William  Leete,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  April  20,  1792,  in  New  Paltz,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  journalist  of  prominence  in  New 
York  City;  and  the  first  superintendent  of 
public  schools  there.  He  was  the  author 
of  History  of  the  Albany  Constitutional 
Convention  of  1821;  Tales  and  Sketches; 
Matthias  and  his  Impostures;  Maria  Monk 
and  the  Nunnery  of  the  Hotel  Dieu;  Ups 
and  Downs  of  a  Distressed  Gentleman,  a 
social  satire;  Letters  on  Animal  Magnetism; 
Poetry  and  History  of  Wyoming;  Lives  of 
J5rant,  Red  Jacket;  and  Letters  on  Masonry. 
He  died  Aug.  15,  1844,  in  Saratoga  Springs, 
N.Y. 

Stone,  William  Leete,  lawyer,  genealogist, 
author,  was  born  April  4,  18.35,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  a  lawyer  and  historical  writer 
of  Jersey  Cit5^  He  is  the  author  of  His- 
tory of  New  York  City;  Life  of  Sir  William 
Johnson;  Burgoyne's  Campaigns;  Life  and 
Military  Journals  of  General  Riedesel;  Rem- 
iniscences of  Saratoga  and  Ballston;  Life  of 
William  Leete  Stone;  Visits  to  Saratoga 
Battle  Grounds;  Ballads  of  the  Burgoyne 
Campaign;  St.  John  Johnson's  Orderly  Book; 
Historical  Giiide  Book  to  Saratoga  Springs 
and  Vicinity;  The  Starin  Genealogy;  and 
The  Stone  Genealogy. 

Stone,  William  M.,  governor.  He  was  the 
sixth  governor  of  Iowa  in  1864-68.  He  died 
in  Ohio. 

Stone,  William  Milo,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
third  regiment  Iowa  infantry;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers.    He  died  July    18,   1893. 

Stone.  William  Murray,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  June  1,  1779,  in  Somerset  coun- 
ty, Md.  In  1830  he  was  elected  the  third 
protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  ]\Iaryland. 
He    died    Feb.    26,    1838.   in   Maryland.' 

Stone,  William  Oliver,  painter,  artists, 
was  born  Sept.  20,  1830,  in  Derby.  Conn. 
.Among  his  numerous  portraits  are  those  of 
Bishops  Williams  of  Connecticut;  Little- 
john  of  Rhode  Island;  and  Kip  of  Cali- 
fornia; John  W.  Ehninger  (1850),  owned 
by  the  National  acadeiny;  Rev.  Henry  An- 
thon;  Cvrus  W.  Field:  and  James  Gordon 
Bennett.'  He  died  Sept.  15,  1875,  in  New- 
port,  R.I. 

Stone,  Winthrop  Ellsworth,  educator, 
chemist,  college,  president,  was  born  Jujie 
12,  1862,  in  Chesterfield,  N.H.     He  has  been 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


3i;i 


professor  of  chemistry  in  1889-1900  at  Pur- 
due university;  and  since  1900  he  has  been 
president    of    that    institution. 

Stone,  Witmer,  naturalist,  author,  was 
born  Sci)t.  ±2,  1860,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  is  curator  of  the  museum  of  the  acad- 
emy of  natural  science  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He' is  the  author  of  Birds  of  Eastern  Penn- 
sylvania and  New  Jersey;  Report  on  Birds 
of  Yucatan  and  Southern  Mexico;  and  The 
.Molting  of  Birds. 

Stoneman,  George,  soldier,  governor  was 
born  Au^r.  8.  1822,  in  Busti,  N.Y.  In  1846 
he  graduated  from  the  United  States  mil- 
itary academy,  and 
was  brevetted  ma- 
jor-general, and  re- 
tired from  the  army 
in  1871.  In  186.5  he 
was  general  in  charge 
at  the  battle  of  Salis- 
bury. He  has  since 
lived  in  California,  of 
which  state  he  was 
governor  during  1883- 
87.  During  his  ad- 
ministration the  Cali- 
fornia state  tax  rate 
was  lower  than  it  had  ever  been  in  the  his- 
tory of  that  state.  He  was  a  brilliant  ora- 
tor'; and  lias  filled  all  the  local  offices  in 
the  gift  of  his  state.  He  died  Sept.  5,  1894, 
in    I?nlTalo,    X.Y. 

Stoney,  Emily  Armstrong,  educator, 
nurse,  autlior,  was  born  Oct.  27,  1868,  in 
Manciiester,  England.  For  many  years 
she  was  superintendent  of  the  training 
school  of  South  Boston,  Mass.;  and  is  now 
liead  nur.se  at  the  Mercy  hospital  of  Chi- 
cago. 111.  She  attained  success  as  superin- 
tendent and  organizer  of  nurses'  training 
scliools.  Siie  was  the  author  of  Practical 
Points  in  Nursing  for  Nurses  in  Private 
I'ractice.  She  died  about  1898,  in  Chicago, 
ill. 

Stoors,  Lewis  A.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  28,  1866,  in  Hartford.  Conn. 
In  1891-98  he  practiced  law  in  New  York 
City;  and  since  1S98  has  practiced  his  pro- 
fession in  Hartford,  Conn.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Koliclrtli :   and  Tragedy  of  Saul. 

Stookey,  Lyman,  Brumbaugh,  physiolo- 
gist, scientist,  was  born  .Inly  30,  1878,  in 
I^ellville.    111.      He    received    the    degrees    of 

A.B.  and  Pli.I).  fnmi 
Yali-  university;  and 
was  a  student  at  the 
iniiversitv  of  Strass- 
bnrg.  In  1902-04  he 
was  an  associate  in 
physiology  in  the 
^^^   ^^  New  York  state  path- 

S        ^Eh[^^^  ological  institute; 

r         ^Pirl^^^  and     since     HJO;!     has 

been  professor  of 
pliysiology  at  the  uni- 
versity of  southern 
California.  Since 
an    Anicricaii   contributor 


to  the  International  Year  Book  of  Chemical 
Pliysiology  and  Pathology.  He  is  a  fellow 
of  the  American  association  for  the  advance- 
ment of  science;  a  member  of  the  Ameri- 
can physiological  society;  a  member  of  the 
American  society  of  biological  chemists;  a 
member  of  the  New  York  society  of  physi- 
ological chemists;  a  member  of  the  Ameri- 
can chemical  society;  and  a  member  of  the 
society  of  experimental  medicine  and  biol- 
ogy. 

Storer,  Bellamy,  lawyer,  jurist,  edu- 
cator, congressman,  was  born  March  26, 
1796.  in  Portland  [Maine.  In  1835-37  he  was 
a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  twenty- 
fourth  congress;  and  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1844.  He  served  three  terms  as  a 
iudge  of  the  superior  court  in  the  district 
of  Cincimi.iti;  and  was  a  professor  in  the 
Cincinnati  law  school.  He  died  June  1, 
187.'),   in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Storer,  Bellamy,  lawyer,  diplomat,  con- 
pressman,  was  born  Aug.  28,  1847,  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio.  In  1891-9.")  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  fifty-second  and 
fifty-third  congresses  as  a  republican.  In 
1897  he  was  ajjpointed  United  States  min- 
ister to  Belgium:  in  1899  to  Spain;  and  in 
1902-06  was  minister  to  Austria -Hungary. 
Storer,  Clement,  state  legislator,  United 
States  senator,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1760.  in  Kennebuk,  Maine.  He  removed  to 
Portsmouth,  N.H.;  was  a  major-general 
of  militia;  repeatedly  a  member  of  the 
hgislature;  and  one  year  its  speaker.  In 
1807-09  he  was  a  representative  to  the  tenth 
congress.  In  1817-19  he  was  a  United 
States  senator  from  New  Hampshire.  He 
died  Nov.  22,  1830,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H. 

Storer,  David  Humphreys,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  March  26,  1804.  He 
became  a  successful  physician  and  surgeon 

of  Boston,  [Mass.  In 
1837  he  originated  the 
Tremont  street  medi- 
cal school;  and  in  18.")4 
was  called  to  the 
chair  of  obstetrics 
and  medical  jurispru- 
dence in  the  medical 
ilepartinent  of  Har- 
\ai(l  university,  of 
which  institution  he 
was  also  dean  of  the 
faculty.  He  contrib- 
uted valuable  ])a])ers 
iiihlieations  on  zoology  and  her- 
and  was  the  author  of  Ichthy- 
licrpetology  of  Massachusetts; 
Synopsis  of  North  American  Fishes;  and 
History  of  the  Fishes  of  Massachusetts.  He 
died    Sept.    19,    1H91.    in    Boston.   Alass. 

Storer,  Francis  Humphreys,  ediieafor. 
chemist,  author,  was  hoiii  March  27.  1832, 
in  Boston.  Mass.  He  has  been  professor  of 
agricultural  chemistry  at  Harvard  univer- 
sity since  1S70;  and  dean  of  the  Bussey 
institute.  He  is  the  author  of  .MIoys  of 
Copper   and   Zinc;    Manufacture   of    Paraffin 


to   \aiioiis 
petology ; 
(dogy    and 


362 


HBRRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Oils;  First  Outlines  of  a  Dictionary  of  the 
Solubilities  of  Chemical  Substances;  Man- 
ual of  Inorganic  Chemistry;  Manual  of 
Qualitative  Chemical  Analysis;  and  Agricul- 
ture in  Some  of  Its  Relations  with  Chem- 
istry. 

Storer,  George  Washington,  naval  officer, 
was  born  in  178!),  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  In 
1809  he  was  commissioned  a  lieutenant; 
and  in  1847-50  was  commander-in-chief  of 
the  Brazil  squadron.  In  1855-57  he  was 
governor  of  the  naval  asylum  at  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  In  18G2  he  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  rear-admiral  on  the  retired  list.  He 
died  Jan.  1864,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H. 

Storer,  Horatio  Robinson,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  Feb.  27,  1830,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  In  1865-69  he  was  professor 
of  obstetrics  and  medical  jurisprudence  in 
Berkshire  medical  college.  He  is  the  author 
of  Book  For  Every  Woman;  Book  for 
Every  Man;  Nurses  and  Nursing;  and  On 
Insanity  in  Women. 

Storer,  John  Humphreys,  capitalist,  was 
born  Sept.  28,  1859,  in  Milton.  Mass.  He 
received  the  degree  of  A.M.  from  Harvard 
college;  and  the  degree  of  LL.B.  from  Har- 
vard law  school.  He  is  secretary,  treasurer 
and  director  of  the  Brooklyn  associates, 
City  buildings  corporation,  Harmon  water 
company,  Kingsbury  realty  company  and 
various  other  corporations.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Boston  chamber  of  commerce; 
and  is  a  member  of  the  American  associa- 
tion for  the  advancement  of  science  and 
various    otlier   societies   and   clubs. 

Storey,  Moorfield,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  March  19,  1845,  in  Roxbury,  Mass.  In 
1877-78  and  since  1892  he  has  been  over- 
seer of  Harvard  college.  He  is  the  author 
of  Life  of  Charles  Sumner;  and  other  works. 
Storey,  Wilbur  Fisk,  journalist,  was 
born  Dec.  19,  1819,  in  Salisbury  Vt.  In 
1853  he  removed  to  Detroit,  bought  an  in- 
terest in  the  Free  Press,  and  became  its 
editor  and  sole  owner.  He  Avent  to  Chivago 
in  1861  and  purchased  the  Times,  which 
l;is  energy,  enterprise,  and  fearless  expres- 
sion of  his  views  on  every  subject  gavi-  the 
paper  notoriety.  He  died  Oct.  29,  1884,  in 
C'liicago,   111. 

Stork,  Charles  Augustus,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  4,  1838.  near  Freder- 
ick county,  Md.  He  Avas  professor  of  the- 
ology at  Gettysburg  in  1881-83.  He  was 
tlu^  author  of  Light  on  the  Pilgrim's  Way. 
He  died  Dec.  17,  1883,  in  Pliiladclphia,  Pa. 
Stork,  Charles  Augustus  Gottlieb,  clergy- 
man, was  born  June  16,  1764,  in  (iermany. 
In  1788  he  accepted  a  call  as  pastor  and 
missionary  among  lutherans  in  North  Car- 
olina. When  in  1803  the  synod  ot  JSorth 
Carolina  was  organized,  he  was  elected  the 
first  president,  and  he  was  annually  re- 
elected whenever  he  could  be  present.  He 
died    :\rarcli    27.    1831,    in    Salisbury,   N.C. 

Stork,  Theophilus,  clergynuin,  author, 
■was  born  in  August,  1814,  near  Salisbury, 
N.C.     In    1858    he    accepted    the    presidency 


of  Newbury  college,  S.C;  and  in  1860  re- 
moved to  Baltimore,  as  pastor  of  a  new 
congregation.  He  was  the  author  of  Life 
of  Luther;  Luther's  Christmas  Tree;  Luth- 
er and  the  Bible;  Afternoon;  Home  Scenes 
in  the  New  Testament;  and  The  Unseen 
World.  He  died  March  28,  1874,  in  Phila- 
delphia,  Pa. 

Storm,  Frederic,  manufacturer,  legisla- 
tor, founder,  congressman,  was  born  in  1844 
in  Alsace.  He  came  to  the  United  States 
with  his  parents  when  he  was  two  years 
old;  and  received  his  education  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  New  York  City.  For  thirty 
years  he  has  been  a  resident  of  Bayside,  N. 
Y. ;  in  1894  was  elected-  a  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention;  and  was 
elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1895.  He 
was  a  founder  of  the  Flushing  hospital.  In 
1901-03  he  was  a  republican  representative 
from  New  York  City  to  the  fifty-seventh 
congress. 

Storm,  John.  B.,  educator,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  19,  1838,  in  Mon- 
roe county,  Pa.  In  1871-75  and  1883-87  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  forty-second,  forty-third,  forty-eighth 
and  forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  democrat. 
He  died  Aug.  15,  1901,  in  Stroudsburg,  Pa. 
Storms,  Albert  Boynton,  educator,  cler- 
g\-man,  college  president,  author,  was  born 
April  1,  I860,  in  Lima,  Mich.  In  1893  he 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Michigan; 
and  has  received  the  degrees  of  A.M.  and 
D.D.  In  1884  he  became  a  clerg;^'man  of  the 
episcopal  church;  and  has  filled  pastorates 
in  Michigan,  Wisconsin  and  Iowa.  Since 
1903  he  has  been  president  of  the  Iowa  state 
college  of  agriculture  and  mechanical  arts. 
He  is  the  author  of  Stopping  at  an  Inn; 
The  Cool  of  the  Day;  and  The  Outlook. 

Storrs,  Charles  Backus,  clergyman,  abo- 
litionist, college  president,  was  born  May 
15,  1794,  in  Long  Meadow,  Mass.  In  I83I 
he  was  elected  president  of  the  Western 
Reserve  college.  His  death  was  the  subject 
of  one  of  Whittier's  most  stirring  anti-slav- 
ery poems.  He  died  Sept.  15,  1833,  in  Brain- 
tree,  Mass. 

Storrs,  Emery  Alexander,  lawyer,  orator, 
was  born  Aug.  12,  1835,  in  Hinsdale,  N.Y. 
He  settled  in  Chicago,  and  soon  took  a 
prominent  place  among  the  lawyers  of  the 
city.  As  an  orator  he  had  few  superiors. 
He  took  an  active  part  in  the  presidential 
campaigns  of  his  last  twenty  years.  In 
1868,  1872,  and  1880  he  was  a  delegate-at- 
large  from  Illinois  to  the  national  repub- 
lican convention,  being  on  each  occasion  one 
of  the  foremost  in  sliaping  the  policy  and 
fornuilating  the  platform  of  his  party.  He 
(lied  Sept.  12,   1885,  in  Ottawa,  111. 

Storrs,  Henry  Martyn,  clergyman.  Avas 
l)()rn  .Fan.  20.  1827,  in  Ravenna.  Ohio.  He 
has  filled  pastorates  in  the  congregational 
church  of  Lawrence,  ]\Iass;  in  the  First  or- 
thodox congregational  church  of  Cincinnati, 
Ohio;  the  South  congregational  church  of 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. ;   and  the  First  presbytcriau 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


363 


church    of    Orange,    N.J.     He    died    Dec.    1. 
1S94.   in  Onintjc.  X..T. 

Storrs,  Henry  Randolph,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sej)!.  '.i.  1787.  in  Middle- 
town,  Conn.  In  1S17-21  and  1823-31  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
tifteenth,  sixteenth,  eighteenth,  nineteenth, 
twentietii  and  twent.v-tirst  congresses.  He 
died  .Tnly  20.   1S37.  in  New  Haven.  Conn. 

Storrs,  Lewis  A.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
iiorn  Aug.  28,  18G(i.  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In 
185)1-98  he  practiced  law  in  New  York  City; 
and  since  1898  has  been  a  practicing  attor- 
ney of  Hartford.  Conn.  He  is  the  author  of 
Koheh'th:  and  Tragedy  of  Saul. 

Storrs,  Richard  Salter,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  21,  1821,  in  Braintrec, 
Mass.     He    was    pastor    of    the    Brooklyn 

Church  of  the  pil- 
grims from  1846.  He 
was  the  author  of  The 
Constitution  of  the 
Human  Soul;  Histor- 
ical Addresses;  Divine 
Origin  of  Christian- 
ity; Conditions  of 
Success  in  Preaching 
without  Notes;  John 
Wyclilfe  and  tlie  First 
Kngli>-h  Bible;  Manli- 
ness in  the  Scholar; 
Love,  to  Christ :  Rec- 
ognition of  the  Supernatural;  Bernard  of 
Clairvaux;  and  Forty  Years  of  Pastoral 
Life.  He  died  June  5,  1900,  in  Brooklyn, 
X.Y. 

Storrs,  Richard  Salter,  educator,  clergy- 
man, autlior,  was  born  Feb.  (i,  1787,  in 
Long  :Meadow,  Mass.  In  1810-73  he  was 
l)astor  of  the  First  congregational  church 
of  Braintree.  Mass.  In  1817-25  he  edited 
the  Boston  Recorder;  and  in  1850-5(5  was 
senior  associate  editor  of  the  Congregation- 
alist.  He  was  the  author  of  ^Memoir  of 
Reverend  Samuel  fireen;  Life  and  Letters 
of  Reverend  Daniel  Temple;  and  Williston's 
Sacramental  M*  dilations.  He  died  Aug.  11, 
1873.   in    iJraintree.    Mass. 

Storrs,  William  Lucius,  eilncator,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  was  liorn  Marcli  25, 
1795,  in  Middletown,  Conn.  In  1829-33  and 
1839-41  he  was  a  representative  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  twenty-i.rst,  twenty-second 
and  twenty-sixth  congresses.  He  was  judge 
of  the  sujtreme  court  of  Connecticut  in  1840- 
5(i;  and  was  ciiief  justice  of  tiiat  court  in 
1850-1)1.  He  was  also  professor  of  law  in 
Yale  college  in  1840-47.  lie  died  June  25. 
1801,  in   llarllcird.  Conn. 

Story,  Douglas,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Dee.  31,  1S72,  in  Fdinburgh,  Scotland. 
In  1890  he  was  educator  of  the  Standard 
and  Diggers  News  of  Johannesburg,  South 
Afiica.  He  was  with  the  Boer  forces  as 
war  corres|)ondent  ;  and  in  ]'M)\  becann> 
connecte<l  with  the  New  York  Herald.  He 
is  the  author  of  Ten  .Miles  From  Any- 
where. 


Story,  George  Henry,  artist,  was  born 
Jan.  22,  1835,  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  He  has 
attained  success  as  a  painter  of  portraits 
and  genre  pictures;  and  is  curator  in  the 
di'partment  of  painting  in  the  Metr()])olitan 
musfvim  of  art,  New  York  City.  He  has 
been  ])resident  of  the  Artist's  fund  society ; 
vice-president  of  the  Lotos  club;  and  an 
associate  of  the  National  academy  of  de- 
sign. 

Story,  Isaac,  lawyer,  poet,  was  born  Aug. 
25,  1774,  in  Marblehead,  Mass.  He  was  a 
lawyer  and  poet  of  Castine,  Maine.  He  was 
the  author  of  An  lC])istle  from  Tarico  to 
Inkle;  Consolatorv  Odes;  ami  A  Parnassian 
Shop.  He  died  July  19,  1803,  in  Marble- 
iiead.  Mass. 

Story,  John  Patten,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  25,  1841,  in  Waukeslia,  Wis.  In  1805 
he  graduated  from  the  Cnited  States  mili- 
tary academy.  In  1904  he  was  promoted  to 
brigadier-general  in  the  United  States 
army;  and  in  1905  was  retired  from  active 
duty. 

Story,  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, author,  was  born  Sept.  18,  1779,  in 
.Marblehead.  Mass.  He  was  a  mend)er  of 
the  Massachusetts  state  legislature  in  1805, 
and  was  elected  speaker.  In  1807-09  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  tenth  congress ;  and 
in  1811-45  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme coTirt  of  tlie  Tniteti  States.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Power  of  Solitude,  with 
Fugitive  Poems;  Selection  of  Pleadings  in 
Ci\il  Actions;  Commentaries  on  the  Consti- 
tution of  the  I'nited  States;  The  Conflict 
of  Laws,  his  most  able  ell'ort;  Equitj'  Juris- 
prudence; The  Law  of  Agency;  Law  of 
Bailments;  Equity  Pleadings;  Law  of  Part- 
nership; Law  of  Promissory  Notes;  and 
.Miscellaneous  Writings.  He  died  Sept.  10, 
1845.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Story,  Julian,  i)ainter,  artist,  was  born 
in  En;iland.  Amoiii;  his  many  awards  is  a 
sold  medal  from  Berlin  ;  and  a  silver  modal 
from  the  Paris  exiiosition.  He  is  an  asso- 
ciate   national    academician. 

Story,  William,  lawver.  jurist,  was  borti 
Ainil  4,  1843.  in  AVailkesha,  Wis.  He  at-, 
tended  the  Salem  classical  and  hiinh  schools, 
Mass.;  and  ;:ra(hiatcd  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  Michiuan  university.  He  prac- 
tices law  in  Salt  Lake  City.  I'tah.  In  1867- 
C8  he  was  jn(l.i:('  of  the  eiuhth  circuit  of  .Ar- 
kansas: during;  1808-73  was  jiulsr<'  of  the  sec- 
ond circuit  of  Arkansas;  and  in  1869  was 
special  chief  justice  of  .\rkansas.  Durina: 
1871-74  he  was  jndj:e  of  the  rnit(>(l  States 
district  court  for  the  western  ilistrict  of  \r- 
lansas;  and  in  1891-92  he  served  with  dis- 
tinction  as   liouteuant-'zovernor  of   Colorado. 

Story,  William  Wetmore,  lawyer,  sculj)- 
tor,  autlior,  poet,  was  Ixwn  Fi'b.  12,  1819, 
in  Salem.  Mass.  His  iirosi-  writin;is  inebide. 
The  Law  of  Contracts;  The  Law  of  Sales; 
Lifi'  of  Joseph  Story ;  Proporti(Uis  of  •^he 
Human  Figure;  Uoba  di  Roma;  The  Ameri- 
<an    (Question;     Fiammetta.    a    novel;    Con- 


364 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


versations  iu  a  Studio ;  and  Excursions  in 
Art  and  Letters.  The  Castle  of  St.  An- 
gelo  ;  A  Roman  Lawyer  in  Jerusalem  ;  Nero, 
an  Historical  Play ;  and  a  two-volume  edi- 
tion of  Toems.  He  died  Oct.  7,  1895,  in 
Italy. 

Stott,  William  Taylor,  soldier,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  May  22,  1836, 
near  Vernon,  Ind.  During  the  civil  war  he 
was  captain  in  the  eighteenth  regiment  In- 
diana infantry ;  and  commanded  his  regi- 
ment in  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  Va.  In 
1869-70  he  was  acting  president  of  Franklin 
college ;  and  in  1870-72  was  professor  of  na- 
tural sciences  in  that  institution.  In  1872- 
1905  he  was  president  of  Franklin  college. 
In  1899-1905  he  was  a  member  of  the  In- 
diana  state  board   of  education. 

Stough,  Allen  J.,  merchant,  banker,  was 
born  Sept.  12.  1853.  iu  Ohio.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Stanford  mercantile  company ; 
president  of  the  First  national  bank  of 
Stanford ;  president  of  the  Stough  and 
Mitchell  company  and  a  director  iu  several 
corporations. 

Stough,  Mrs.  Helen  Russ,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  31,  1874.  iu  Stella.  Neb. 
She  is  the  author  of  A  Mother's  Year. 

Stough,    William,    soldier,    was    born    in 

,  Tennsylvania.      In   1861   he   was   captain    in 

'  the  thirty-eighth  Ohio  infantry  ;  and  in  1865 

was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 

He  was  honorably  mustered  out  iu  1865. 

Stoughton,  Bradley,  educator,  metallur- 
gist, was  born  Dec.  6,  1873,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  a  lecturer  on  metallurgy  for 
the  New  York  board  of  education  ;  and  ad- 
junct professor  of  metallurgy  In  Columbia 
university.  He  is  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
Howe  and  Stoughton.  consulting  metallur- 
gists of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author 
of   Metallurgy   of   Iron   and   Steel. 

Stoughton,  Charles  Bradey,  soldier,  was 
born  iu  A'crmont.  In  1861  he  was  first 
lieutenant  and  adjutant  in  the  fourth  regi- 
ment Vermont  infantry ;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
difd  ,Tau.  17.  1898. 

Stoughton,  Edwin  Henry,  soldier,  law- 
yer, was  born  June  28.  1838,  in  Springfield, 
Vt.  His  services  in  the  civil  war  gained 
for  him  promotion  to  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  in  1862.  He  died  Dec. 
25.   1868.   in   Boston.   Mass. 

Stoughton,  Edwin  Wallace,  lawyer,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  May  1.  1818.  in  Springfield, 
Vt.  He  was  retained  by  William  M.  Tweed 
at  the  beginning  of  his  legal  troubles,  though 
he  took  no  active  part  in  the  defense:  and 
he  conducted  the  suit  of  the  stockholders  in 
the  Emma  mine  litigation.  In  1877-79  he 
was  minister  to  Russia.  He  gave  fifteen 
thousand  dollars  to  Dartmouth  to  found  a 
nuisenm  of  jiathological  anatomy,  lie  died 
Jan.  7.  1882,  in -New  York  City. 

Stoughton,  William,  eovernor,  was  born 
May  30.  1632.  in  Enghuul.  He  was  lieuten- 
ant-governor of  Massachusetts;  and   in  1G99 


was  acting  governor.     He  died  July  7,  1701, 
iu  Dorchester,  Mass. 

Stoughton,  William  Lewis,  soldier,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  INIarch  20,  1827, 
in  Bangor,  N.Y.  In  1856-60  he  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  ;  and  in  1861  was  appointed 
United  States  district  attorney  for  Michi- 
gan. He  entered  the  volunteer  army  as 
lieutenant-colonel ;  was  brevetted  a  briga- 
dier-general for  gallantry  on  the  field  ;  and 
after  the  war  was  brevetted  a  major-gen- 
eral. In  1866  he  was  elected  attorney-gen- 
eral of  Michigan.  In  1869-73  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  forty-first  and  forty-sec- 
ond congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died 
June  6.   1888,  in  Sturgis,  Mich. 

Stout,  Adelaide,  poet.  Her  poems,  Little 
One.  Oathering  Mint,  Sweet  Brier,  Consid- 
er, Pets,  are  among  her  recent  productions. 
Stout,  Alexander  Miller,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Kentueky.  In  1861  he  was  lieuten- 
ant-colonel in  the  seventeenth  regiment  Ken- 
tucky infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
Aug.  25.  1895. 

Stout,  Bryon  Gray,  agriculturist,  banker, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1829  near  Canan- 
daigua.  N.Y.     In  1854  he  \vas  elected  to  the 

Michigan  state  legis- 
lature ;  and  was  re- 
elected in  1856,  and 
chosen  speaker  of  the 
house.  He  was  state 
,  senator  in  1860 ;  and 
'Bf  .|  w  a  s  president  pro 
tempore  of  the  sen- 
nate.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Philadel- 
phia convention  of 
1866  ;  and  also  of  the 
n  a  t  i  o  nal  democratic 
conventions  of  1868. 
1880  and  1888.  He  was  engaged  in  private 
banking  prior  to  1869  ;  and  from  that  time  in 
agriculture.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-second  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  June  19,  1896,  in  Pontiac, 
Mich. 

Stout,  Jacob,  governor.  He  became  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Delaware  in  1820  ;  and  in 
1820-21  was  acting  governor.  He  died  in 
Delaware. 

Stout,  Lansing,  educator,  lawyer,  jurist 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
March  27.  1828.  in  Pamelia.  N.Y.  In  1856 
he  was  elected  to  the  California  legislature. 
In  1857  he  went  to  Oregon  and  turned  liis 
attention  to  the  practice  of  law  ;  and  in  1858 
was  elected  judge  of  Multnomah  county.  In 
1859-61  he  was  a  representative  from  Oregon 
to  the  thirty-sixth  congress  ;  and  subsequent- 
ly served  in  the  state  legislature.  He  died 
in   1S70.   in  Portland   Ore. 

Stout,  Tom,  jtublishcr,  congressman,  was 
born  May  20.  1879.  in  New  London,  JNIo.  He 
is  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Fergus  County 
Democrat  ;    and    has   ))een    a    member   of   the 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


365 


Stover,    John 
gressman.     was 
Aronsburg,    Pa. 


state  senate.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Montana  to  the  sixty-third 
congress. 

Stover,  Elias  S.,  merchant,  mining  oper- 
ator, state  senator,  lieutenant-governor,  was 
born  Nov.  22,  1836,  in  Kockland,  Maine.  He 
has  been  a  member  of  the  house  and  senate 
of  the  Kansas  legislature  ;  and  was  lieuten- 
ant-governor. He  is  a  prominent  merchant 
and  mining  operator  of  Albuciuerciuo,  N.M.  ; 
and  is  a  member  of  the  state  senate. 

H.,    soldier,    lawyer,    con- 
born     April     24,     1833,     in 
In    1861    he    entered    the 
volunteer    army    as    a 
^~~    private ;    was   at   once 
made    a     captain; 
served  as  major  of  the 
one  hundred  and  sixth 
regiment    of    Pennsyl- 
vania   \()lunteers   until 
1864 ;     and     was    then 
colonel  of  the  one  hun- 
dred and  eiglrty-fourth 
regiment     until     the 
close  of  the  civil  war. 
In    1868-69    lie   was   a 
representative     from 
Mi.ssonri    to    the    fortieth   congress   to    fill   a 
vacancy.      He  died   in   Missouri. 

Stover,  Martin  Luther,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  liorn  Urt.  19,  1845,  in  Waterloo, 
N.Y.  In  1891  he  became  associate  justice 
of  till'  supn-inc  court  of  New  York  for  the 
fourth  district  for  the  tt^rm  ending  in  1905. 

Stow,  Alexander  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1848-53  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Wisconsin  for  the  fourth  circuit. 

Stow,  Baron,  clcrjjyman,  anther,  was 
burn  .June  16.  1801,  in  Croydon,  N.II.  He 
was  a  baptist  clergyman  of  Boston.  lie 
was  the  author  of  Helen's  Pilgrimage ;  His- 
tory of  the  Eimlish  Baptist  Mission  to  In- 
dia ;  Christian  lirotherhood  ;  and  First 
Things.  He  rlicd  Dec.  27,  1869,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Stowe,  Calvin  Ellis,  educator,  clergy- 
niiiu.  jiutlior.  was  liorn  April  6,  1802,  in 
Natick,    Mass.       In     1830    he    had    editorial 

charge   of    the    Boston 
.  K  e  c  o  r  d  e  r  ;    and    in 

,  >  1831-33     was     in     the 

chair   of   languages   at 
in  ♦^  Hanover.        He      liion 

il  ■^-       t.  ■■  M.  filled      the      chair      of 

\ '-v~- ^^^  l)iblicai     literature     in 

^      -^  -  «  III,.   I^jiiit'  seniimiry   of 

<"  i  n  c  i  n  n  a  t  i,  Ohio, 
where  he  remained 
tor  seventeen  years. 
lie  was  the  author  of 
■  \\\  Introduction  to 
I  he  Study  of  the  Bi- 
ble; Origin  ami  History  of  the  Books  of  the 
Bible;  Elementary  Instruction  in  Euro|)e ; 
and  Lectures  on  the  Sacred  Poetry  of  the 
Hebrews.  He  was  the  husband  of  the  noted 
Harriet  Beecher  Stowe.  He  died  ,\ng.  22. 
1886.  in   Hartford,  Conn. 


Stow,  Hobart  Hamilton,  merchant,  cap- 
italist, was  born  June  25,  1837,  in  Olean, 
N.Y.  In  1864-72  he  was  engaged  in  the  lum- 
ber business.  He  became  an  owner  of  oil 
lands  in  Bradford,  Pa. ;  and  also  in  Toledo, 
Ohio.  He  owns  and  operates  numerous  oil 
wells  in  Wood  and  Sandusky  counties. 

Stow,  Silas,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Lewis  county,  N.Y.  In  1811-13  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  twelfth 
congress.      He  died   in   Lowville.    N.Y. 

Stowe,  Mrs.  Harriet  Elizabeth  Beecher, 
author,  poet,  was  born  Jan.  14,  1812,  in 
Litchfield,    Conn.      In    1850   she   removed    to 

Brunswick,  Maine  ; 
and,  having  by  this 
lime  become  deeply 
impressed  with  the 
wrong  of  slavery,  she 
wrote  Uncle  Tom's 
Cnbin  for  The  Na- 
tional Era  at  Wash- 
ington, in  which  pa- 
per it  appeared  serial- 
ly in  1851-52.  The 
iNlinister's  Wooing,  a 
novel  of  the  early  days 
of  the  republic,  must 
rank  ;is  her  linest  work.  Her  other  works 
are'Oldtown  Folks  :The  Pearl  of  Orr's  Is- 
land: Died;  The  Chinniey  Corner;  and  Ke- 
ligious  Poems;  My  Wife  and  I;  Sam  T>aw- 
son's  Fireside  Stories ;  We  and  Our  Neigh- 
bors;  Little  Foxes;  The  Mayflower,  and 
Other  Sketches;  Sunny  Memories  of  For- 
eign Lands;  Our  Charley;  Agnes  of  Sor- 
rento, an  Italian  novel;  House  and  Home 
Papers ;  Stories  about  Our  Dogs ;  Queer 
Little  People;  Daisy's  First  Winter;  M.-n 
of  Our  Times,  biographical  sketches;  Little 
Pns.sy  Willow;  IMnk  and  White  Tyranny; 
Palmetto  Leaves;  Betty's  Bright  Idea;  Foot- 
steps of  the  Master;  Bible  Heroines;  Poga- 
nuc  Pei)])le  ;  and  .V  Doii's  Mission.  She  died 
July   1.   1896.   in   Hartford.  Conn. 

Stowell,    Calvin   Llewellyan,   underwriter, 
(inancier.    authoi',    was    born    Aug.    28.    1845, 
in    .\nsonia.    Pa.      He   was   educated  by    pri- 
vate tutors.    He  began 
k  business      life      at      a 

bank ;     and     in     1875 
>:  moved     to     Uochester, 

^^  N.Y'.     He  became  con- 

^f     "^  nected    as    a    director, 

^  treneral  manager,  vice- 

i  ,  president      and     presi- 

dent with  numerous 
corporations  inclndiug 
banks.  railways, 
steamshii)  and  (ire  in- 
s  u  r  a  n  c  e  companies. 
He  is  a  contributor  to 
scientific  and  literary  iieriodicals.  He  is 
a  memlier  of  the  American  academy  of  polit- 
ical and  social  science;  and  a  member  of 
various  scientific  and  literary  societies  in 
the  I'niti'd  Stales,  (heat  Britain  and 
l-'rance.  He  is  the  autiioi-  of  Christian 
Knighthood. 


366 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Stowell,  Charles  Frederick,  civil  engineer, 
autlior,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1853,  in  Owego, 
N.Y.  In  1883-91  he  was  bridge  engineer  to 
the  board  of  railroad  commissioners  for  the 
state  of  New  Yorli.  Since  1879  he  has  prac- 
ticed civil  engineering  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He 
is  the  author  of  Report  of  Strains  in  Rail- 
road  Bridges.    State   of   New  York. 

Stowell,  Charles  Henry,  microscopist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  27,  1850,  in  Perry,  N.Y. 
In  1876-85  he  was  lecturer  and  professor  of 
physiology  in  the  university  of  Michigan. 
He  is  the  author  of  Students'  Manual  of 
Microscopy ;  Physiology  and  Hygiene ;  The 
Microscopical  Structure  of  the  Human 
Tooth ;  A  Primer  of  Health ;  A  Healthy 
Body  ;   and  Essentials  of  Health. 

Stowell,  Mrs.  Louise  Marie,  educator,  au- 
thor-, was  born  Dec.  23,  1850,  in  Grand 
Blanc,  Mich.  She  was  an  instructor  in 
microscopical  botany  at  the  university  of 
Michigan  for  twelve  years.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Microscopical  Structure  of  Wheat ; 
and   Microscopic  Diagnosis. 

Stowell,  William  H.  H.,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  26,  1840,  in  Wind- 
sor, Vt.  He  settled  in  Virginia  in  1865  ;  and 
was  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue 
for  the  fourth  district  in  1869.  In  1871-77 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to- the 
forty-second,  forty-third  and  forty-fourth 
congresses  as  a  republican. 

Slower,  John  G.,  state  senator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Madison.  N.Y.  In  1827- 
29  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  twentieth  congress ;  and  was  a  state 
senator  from  Madison  county  in  1833-34.  He 
died  in  New  Y'ork. 

Strachey,  William,  colonist,  author,  was 
born  in  1585  in  England.  He  was  the  first 
secretarv  of  the  Virginia  colony.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  True  Repertory  of  the 
Wracke  and  Redemption  of  Sir  Thomas 
Gates  upon  and  from  the  Islands  of  the  B<n-- 
mudas.  supposed  to  have  been  the  inspira- 
tion of  Shakespeare's  Tempest;  Historie  of 
Travaile  into  Virginia  Britannia  ;  and  For 
the  Colony  in  Virginia  Britannia  ;  Lawcs 
Divine.  Morall  and  Martiall.     He  died  about 

1640.  .  ,     ^^ 

Strader,  Otto,  lawyer,  jurist.   He  was  an 

early  emigrant  to  Louisiana ;  and  in  1800 
was' appointed  a  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  the  district  of  Louisiana. 
Ht>  died  in   Louisiana. 

Strader,  Peter  W.,  engineer,  congressman, 
was  horn  Nov.  6.  1818.  in  Warren,  N..J.  In 
1869-71  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the   forty-first  congress  as  a   democrat.     He 

died   in   Ohio.  •      •  x      t 

Strahan,  Reuben  S.,  lawyer,  jurist.  Jn 
1886-90  he  was  an  associate  J^'^tice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Oregon;  and  in  1890-9i 
he  was  chief  justice. 

Strain,  Isaac  G.,  naval  officer,  was  born 
March  4  1821.  in  Roxbury.  Pa.  He  was 
prcmioted  lieutenant  in  1850;  and  was  at- 
tached to  the  commission  that  in  1850  locat- 
ed   the    boundary-Hne    between    the    United 


States  and  Mexico.  In  1854  he  had  charge 
of  the  expedition  to  survey  the  Isthmus  of 
Darien.  He  died  May  14,  1857,  in  Colom- 
bia. S.A. 

Strait,  Horace  B.,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
banker,  congressman,  was  born  Jan.  26, 
1835,  in  Potter  county.  Pa.  In  1870-72  he 
was  mayor  of  Shakopee.  Minn.  In  1873-79 
and  1881-87  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
forty-third,  forty-fourth,  forty-fifth,  forty- 
seventh,  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth  con- 
gresses. He  died  Feb.  26,  1894,  in  El  Paso, 
Texas. 

Strait,  Thomas  Jefferson,  soldier,  physi- 
cian, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
Dec.  25,  1846,  in  Chester,  S.C.  He  was 
elected  state  senator  from  South  Carolina 
in  1890.  In  1893-99  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-third,  fifty-fourth  aud  fifty-fifth 
congresses.  He  resumed  the  practice  of  med- 
icine at  Lancaster,  S.C. 

Strakosch,  Max,  operatic  manager,  was 
born  Sept.  27.  1835.  in  Moravia.  He  was 
associated  with  his  brother  in  most  of  his 
enterprises ;  and  some  of  the  most  famous 
artists  traveled  under  their  management,  in- 
cluding Carlotta  and  Adelina  Patti,  Karl 
Formes,  Pasquale  Brignoli,  Italo  Campanini, 
Pauline  Lucca.  Therese  Titjens,  Christine 
Nilsson  and  Marietta  Alboni.  He  died 
March  17.   1892.  in  New  York   City. 

Stranahan,  Mrs.  Clara  Harrison,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  Westfield,  Mass.  She  re- 
ceived  her   education   in   northern   Ohio,  and 

subsequently  attended 
the  Mount  Holyoke 
s  e  m  i  n  a  r  y  and  the 
Troy  Female  semin- 
ary. She  founded 
Barnard  college.  Her 
hest  known  work  is  A 
History  of  French 
Painting  from  Its 
Earliest  to  Its  Latest 
Practice.  She  was 
also  the  author  of  a 
large  number  of  fugi- 
tive articles  and  po- 
ems, which  have  been  a  valuable  acquisi- 
tion to  current  literature.  Slie  died  in  1905 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Stranahan,  James  Samuel  Thomas,  cap- 
italist coniiressiujiii,  was  born  April  25, 
1808,  in  Peterboro,  N.Y.     In  1844  he  settled 

in  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  In 
1855-57  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thir- 
ty-fourth congress.  He 
was  a  member  of  the 
first  Metropolitan  po- 
lice commission  in 
1858 ;  and  delegate  to 
the  republican  na- 
tional conventions  in 
1860  and  1864.  Brook- 
lyn is  indebted  to  him 
more  than  any  other 
man  for  Prospect 
the  Ocean  parkway.  Eastern  parkway, 


•i& 


y 


l)ark, 


HERRINGSHAWS  IJBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


367 


and  the  city's  beautiful  system  of  boule- 
vards, lie  died  Sept.  3.  1898,  in  Saratoga, 
N.Y. 

Strang,  Lewis  Clinton,  dramatic  critic, 
autlior,  was  born  Doc.  4.  1869.  in  Westlield, 
Mass.  Since  1904  he  has  been  a  Christian 
science  practitioner.  He  is  the  author  of 
Famous  Actresses  of  the  Day ;  Famous  Ac- 
tors of  the  Day ;  Prima  Donnas  and  Sou- 
brettes  of  Li^ht  Opera  and  Musical  Com- 
edy of  America ;  Celebrated  Comedians  of 
Light  Opera  and  Musical  Comedy  in  Amer- 
ica ;  and  I'layers  an<l  I'lays  of  the  Last 
Quarter  Century. 

Strange,  John  Tedrick,  farmer,  lawyer, 
statesman,  was  l)orn  April  7.  1850.  in  Ar- 
cana, Lid.  He  received  a  thorough  educa- 
tion, and  after  five  years  at  Wabash  college 
graduated  from  that  institution  in  1877.  He 
i^s  a  prominent  lawyer  of  Marion,  Lid. ;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  national  <onvention  of 
1896  held  at  Chicago ;  and  takes  an  active 
part  in  the  public  affairs  of  his  city,  county 
and  state. 

Strange,  Rooert,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator.  United  States  senator,  author. 
was   born   Sept.   20,   1796.   in   Virginia.      He 

served  a  number  of 
years  in  the  North 
Carolina  state  legis- 
lature;  in  1826-35  was 
a  judge  of  the  supe- 
rior court  ;  and  in 
1835-41  he  was  United 
States  senator.  He 
was  snbse(|ueiitly  ap- 
pointed .solicitor  for 
tiie  fifth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  the  state.  He 
was  the  author  of  a 
novel  entitled  Eone- 
guski.  or  the  Cherokee  Chief.  He  died  Feb. 
19.    1854.   in    Fnycftrville.   X.C. 

Strange,  Willoughby  Temple,  lawyer,  pol- 
itician, was  born  Sept.  6.  I860,  in  Charlottes- 
ville.   V:i.      Hi'   is  a    soh   of   the  confederate 

slatt's  general.  John 
H.  Strange  of  Vir- 
ginia, who  was  killed 
in  the  battle  of 
Sharpsbury;  in  1862. 
He  received  his  educa- 

^  9      ^'""     '"^     ^'"'     William 

and     .Mary    colh»ge    of 
J  m     Will  iamsburg.    Va.  ; 

^^^       yMfl  ''^  ''"' 

^l^^l^  ^^H^^H      He         one  the 

most  lawyers  of  Tex- 
as. an<l  ii  h-ading  iiolitician  of  Dallas.  wIktc 
he  takes  an  .-ictivc  part  in  the  public  affairs 
of  his  city,  county  and  state.  In  1897  he 
was  made  chairman  of  the  congressional 
campaign  committee  of  the  sixth  district  of 
T.xns. 

Strange,  Robert,  clerfryman,  bishop,  wa.s 
born  ]>ec.  6.  1857.  in  Wi*lmin;:ton.  N.C.  In 
1879   he  graduated   with    the  degree   of  A.li. 


from  the  university  of  North  Carolina  ;  and 
graduated  from  the  Berkeley  divinity  school 
of  Middletown,  Conn.  He  was  ordained  a 
priest  in  1885;  was  missionary  to  colored 
people  in  southern  Virginia  ;  and  has  been 
rector  in  lialei-ii.  Wilmington  and  Rich- 
mond. Since  1905  he  has  been  bi.shop  of  the 
protestant  episcopal  church  :  and  resides  in 
Wilmington.    N.C. 

Stratemeyer,  Edward,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  4.  1862,  in  Elizabeth.  N.J. 
He  is  a  contributor  to  juvenile  periodicals  ; 

and  has  edited  (Jood 
News,  Young  People 
of  America  and  P>right 
Days.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  various  histor- 
ical societies.  He  is 
the  author  of  Last 
Cruise  of  the  Spitfire; 
Richard  Dare's  Ad- 
vent u  r  e  s  ;  Oliver 
Bright's  Search  ;  Reu- 
ben Stone's  Discov- 
ery ;  The  Young  Auc- 
tioneers ;  Bound  to 
Be  an  Ellectrician  ;  Fighting  for  His  Own  ; 
Under  Dewey  at  Manila  ;  A  Young  Volun- 
teer in  Cuba  ;  Minute  Boys  of  Lexington  ; 
Between  Boer  and  Briton ;  Lost  on  the 
Orinoco;  Young  Volcano  Explorers;  On  the 
Trail  of  Pontiac ;  Defending  His  Flag;  and 
about  twenty  volumes  under  tiie  iien-nanie!? 
of  Cai)tain  Ral|)h  Bonehill  and  Arthur  M. 
Winlicld. 

Stratton,  Charles  C,  farmer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  governor,  was  born  in 
1796  in  New  Jersey.  He  served  a  number 
of  years  in  the  state  legislature;  and  in 
1837-39  and  1841-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  twenty-fifth  and 
twenty-seventh  congresses.  He  was  the  fif- 
teenth governor  of  New  Jersey  in  1844-48. 
He  died  March  30.  1859.  in  Gloucester  coun- 
ty. N.J. 

Stratton,  Charles  Carol!,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  i)orii  Jan.  4.  1833.  in 
INIapsfield.  Pa.  Since  1858  he  has  been  a 
minister  of  the  gosjiel  in  the  methodist  epis- 
copal church.  In  1879-89  he  was  president 
of  the  university  of  the  Pacific;  in  1889-92 
was  i)resident  of  Mills  college  of  California. 
In  1902-07  he  was  president  of  Portland  uni- 
versity of  Ore;:on. 

Stratton,  Charles  Sherwood,  dwarf,  was 
born  Jan.  4.  1838.  in  Bridgeport.  Conn.  He 
was  kiKJwn  by  the  name  of  Oeneral  Tom 
Thumb.  When  first  exhibited  by  Barnum 
he  was  not  more  than  two  feet  high,  and 
weighed  less  than  sixteen  pounds;  but  as 
he  grew  older  his  height  increased  to  forty 
inches.  In  ]8f'i3  he  married  lyavinia  W.ir- 
ren,  also  a  dwarf,  who  was  only  forty  inches 
in  height  and  fifty  jiounds  in  weight.  They 
were  the  wonders  of  the  world.  He  died 
July  15.  1883.  in  Middleboroiiirh.  Mass..  and 
was  buried  in  liridgeport.  where  a  imirble 
shaft  forty  feet  in  height  was  raised  to  his 
memory. 


368 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Stratton,  Franklin  Asa,  soldier,  was  born 
ill  Massacliusetts.  In  1861  he  was  captain 
in  tlie  eleventli  regiment  Pennsylvania  cav- 
alry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  vokmteers.  He  died  July  17,  1879. 
Stratton,  George  Malcolm,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Sept.  26,  1865,  in  Oakland, 
Cal.  He  was  associate  professor  and  direct- 
or of  the  psychological  laboratory  in  the  uni- 
versity of  California;  and  since  1904  has 
been  professor  of  experimental  psychology 
and  a  director  of  the  psychological  laboratory 
of  Johns  Hopkins  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Experimental  Psychology  and  Its 
Bearing  Upon  Culture. 

Stratton,  George  Oren,  public  official, 
state  representative,  was  born  June  4,  1851, 
in  Greenwich,  jMass.  He  was  educated  at 
the  district  Union  and  Montpelier  high 
school  of  Vermont.  He  is  vice-president  of 
the  Vermont  mutual  fire  insurance  company 
of  Montpelier,  Vt. ;  and  prominently  identi- 
fied with  the  business  and  public  affairs  of 
that  city.  He  has  been  bailiff  and  village 
trustee ;  selectman  of  the  town  of  Montpe- 
lier ;  president  of  the  first  board  of  aldermen 
of  the  city  of  Montpelier;  and  served  with 
distinction  as  second  mayor  of  that  city.  He 
is  at  present  secretary  of  the  board  of 
school  commissioners.  In  1904  he  was  a 
representative  in  the  Vermont  state  legisla- 
ture. 

Stratton,  Henry  Dwight,  educator,  found- 
er, was  born  Aug.  24,  1824. 'in  Amherst, 
Ohio.  With  Henry  B.  Bryant  he  established 
the  Bryant  and  Stratton  business  colleges, 
which  at  the  time  of  his  death  numbered 
more  than  fifty,  located  in  the  principal 
cities  of  the  United  States  and  Canada.  He 
died  Feb.  20.  1867,  in  New  York  Cily. 

Stratton,  John,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1801-03  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  seventh  congress  from  Vir- 
ginia.    He  died   in  Virginia. 

Stratton,  John  L.  N.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  liorn  in  1817  in  Mount  Holly,  N. 
J.  In  1859-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  thirty-sixth  and  thirty- 
seventh  congresses.  He  died  May  17,  1889, 
in  ^Nlount  Ilnlly.  N.J. 

Stratton,  Mrs.  Mercy  Lavina  Bump,  was 
born  Oct.  31,  1841.  in  Middleborough,  Mass. 
She  was  engaged  by  Mr.  Barnum  in  1862; 
and  under  his  management  .she  assumed  the 
name  of  Warren.  When  exhibited  with 
General  Tom  Thumb  she  was  both  shorter 
niul  liditer  than  her  husband;  but  her 
height  increased  to  forty  inches  and  her 
weight  to  fifty  pounds.  After  the  death  of 
Mr.  Stratton  she  lived  in  retirement  until 
her  marriage  in  1885  to  Count  Primo  Magri, 
an  Italian  dwarf,  with  whom  she  has  since 
given   e.xhibitions    in   the   United    States   and 

Europe. 

Stratton,  Nathan  T.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  ]SIuUi<a  Hill,  N.J.  In  1851-55  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  to 
the  thirty-second  and  thirty-third  congresses. 
He  died  in  New  Jersey. 


Stratton,  Riley  Evans,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1859-68  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Oregon. 

Stratton,  Samuel  Wesley,  educator,  phys- 
icist, was  born  July  18,  1861,  in  Litchfield, 
111.  In  1892-1901  he  was  professor  of 
physics  at  the  university  of  Chicago.  Since 
1901  he  has  been  director  of  the  national 
bureau  of  standards. 

Straub,  Christian  M.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  I'ennsylvania.  In  1853-55  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirty-third  congress.  He  died  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Straup,  Daniel  N.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  is 
associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
of  Utah  for  the  term  of  1904-09;  and  re- 
sides in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Straus,  Isidor,  merchant,  founder,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  6,  1845,  in  Bava- 
ria.     In  1885  he  moved  to   New  York  Cit",. 

where  hi.s  f  a  t  h  e  i 
founded  the  mercan 
tile  firm  of  Straus 
and  sons  in  1866.  He 
has  been  connected 
with  the  various  tar- 
iff and  currency  re- 
form movements;  and 
is  New  York  City's 
representative  on  the 
New  York  and  New 
Jersey  bridge  commis- 
sion. In  1894-95  he 
was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-third  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy  ; 
and  has  filled  various  other  positions  of  trust 
and  honor.  He  died  in  1911  by  drowning 
in   tile  Titanic   disaster. 

Straus,  Nathan,  merchant,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Jan.  31,  1848,  in  Germany.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  department  store  firm  of 
Abraham  and  Straus  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In 
1893  he  was  park  commissioner  of  New  York 
City  ;  in  1894  declined  the  democratic  nom- 
ination for  mayor  of  New  York  City  ;  and 
in  1898  was  president  of  the  board  of  health. 
In  1890  he  originated  the  system  of  distribu- 
tion of  sterilized  milk  to  the  poor  of  New 
York  City,  which  he  has  since  maintained 
at  his  own  expense  ;  he  also  originated  and 
has  maintained  a  system  of  depots  for  dis- 
tribution of  coal  in  winter  to  the  poor  of 
New  York  City  ;  and  maintained  a  system  of 
lodging  houses. 

Straus,  Simon  William,  banker,  was  borii 
Dec.  23,  1860,  in  Ligonier,  Ind.  In  1888-95 
he  was  engaged  in  banking  with  the  firm  of 
Straus  brothers  and  oomiiany,  which  was 
changed  in  1895  to  S.  W.  Straus  and  com- 
pany, now  doing  a  mortgage  and  bond  busi- 
ness. He  is  also  president  of  the  Franklin 
trust  and  savings  bank,  jiresident  of  the 
liealization  company  of  America  ;  and  vice- 
president  of  various  other  corporations.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  Chicago  stock  exchange 
and  of  the  association  of  commerce ;  and 
chairman  of  the  American  society  for  thrift. 


HERRINGSHAAVS   T.IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


369 


Strauss,  Oscar  Solomon,  merchant,  dip- 
lomat, author,  was  horn  Dec.  23.  1850.  in 
Kavaria.  He  is  a  municipal  reformer  of 
New  York  City:  was  minister  to  Turkey  in 
1887-90  and  1898 ;  and  is  president  of  the 
Jewish  historical  society.  Since  1906  he 
has  heen  secretary  of  connnerce  and  lahor  of 
the  I'nited  States.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Origin  of  Heituhlican  Governmi-nt  in  the 
I'liited  States;  and  Koiier  Williams,  the 
I'ioneer  of  Religious  Liherty  :  and  The  De- 
velopment of  lieliu'ious  Liherty  in  the  Unit- 
ed States. 

Straw,  Ezekiel  A.,  governor.  In  1873-74 
he  w.is  ^ovi'rnor  ol'  Xinv  IIam])shire. 

Strawbridge,  James  D.,  soldier,  physician. 
conuressnKui.  was  horn  in  1824  in  Montour 
county.  I'a.  He  entered  the  army  as  a  bri- 
gade surgeon  of  volunteers:  and  served 
throuiihout  the  civil  war.  He  resumed  the 
practice  of  medicine  after  the  close  of  the 
civil  war  in  Danville.  Pa.  In  1873-75  he 
was  a  rei»resentative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  forty-third  conijress  as  a  rei)ublican.  He 
died  .Tmuc  19.  1890.  in  Danville,  Pa. 

Strawn,  Silas  H.,  lawyer,  was  born  D<'c. 
15.  186G.  iu  Otiawa.  111.  He  is  jreneral  soli- 
citor of  tilt"  riiiijiiio  and  Alton  railroad,  and 
general  counsel  for  the  Chicago  Union 
Tra  sfer  railway.  He  is  also  a  member  of 
the  law  firm  of  Winston.  Payne.  Strawn  and 
Shaw.   uiMH'inl   ciMinscl    for   se\-eral    railroiids. 

Strecker,  Herman,  botanist,  sculptor,  au- 
thor, wrs  born  March  24.  1836.  in  Philadel- 
phia. Pa.  He  designed  the  soldiers"  monu- 
iiicMt  at  Iteadinir.  Pa.  He  was  the  author 
of  P>Mtt(Mf1ics  and  Moths  of  North  America 
He  died   in   1901    i'l   Kcading:.  Pa. 

Street,  Alfred  Billings,  anthor.  poet,  was 
horn  Dec.  18.  1811.  iu  Poughkeepsie.  N.Y. 
He  was  state  librarian  of  New  York  in 
1848-81.  He  was  the  author  of  Frontenac  : 
Woofls  and  Waters;  Forest  Pictures;  The 
Hnrning  of  Schenectady,  and  Other  Poems ; 
Drawings  and  Tintini;s;  Fugitive  I'oems ; 
iUid  Digest  of  Taxation  in  the  I'liited  States, 
lie  died  .lu'  e  2.  1881.  iu   Alb.uiy,  N.Y.  • 

Street,  Augustus  Russell,  donor,  was  born 
Nov.  5.  1791.  in  New  Haven.  Conn.  He  pre- 
sented to  Yale  its  school  of  the  fine  arts, 
ove  of  its  finest  liuildings;  and  Titus  Street 
urofessorship  iu  the  i heolOLMc.il  department. 
He  .lied  .Tune  12,  1866.  in  .New  Ilaveu.  Conn. 

Street,  Claude  Everett,  mining  engineer, 
h'gislator.  was  horn  .Tip  <•  26.  1868.  in  Pax- 
ler  Springs.  Kan.  He  received  the  rudi- 
ments of  his  education  iu  the  public  schools 
of  his  native  state;  and  graduated  from  the 
st;ite  university  of  Kansas.  He  has  attained 
pr«>ininence  in  the  west  -is  a  successful  min- 
ing engineer ;  and  has  been  manager  of  .-;ev- 
eral  mining  companies  and  corporations.  He 
has  filled  various  imsitions  of  trust  and  hon- 
or; and  since  1904  has  br-en  a  meud)er  of 
the  Colorado  state  iissembly  ;  an<l  resides  in 
Webster.   Park  county.  Col. 

Street,  Ida  Maria,  «'ducator.  antlior,  was 
Imuii  Nov.  21.  1856,  in  Oskaloosa.  Iowa. 
Since    1881    she    lias   been    engaged    iu    edu'-a- 


tional  work  ;  and  is  now  a  teacher  in  the  east 
division  high  school  of  Milwaukee,  Wis.  She 
is  the  author  of  IJuskin  I'rinciples  of  Art 
Criticism. 

Street,  Randall  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1780  iu  Catskill,  N. 
Y.  In  1810  he  was  appointed  district  attor- 
ney for  New  York,  and  was  reappointed  in 
1813.  Soon  afterwards,  as  major  and  lieu- 
tenant-colonel, he  served  in  the  army  during 
the  war  with  England,  lu  1819-21  he  was 
a  represe:itative  from  New  York  to  the  six- 
teenth congress.  He  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  general  of  the  militia.  He  died  Nov. 
21.    1841.    in    Monticello,    N.Y. 

Street,  Thomas  Atkins,  educator,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  March  14.  1872,  in  Mar- 
shall county,  Ala.  In  1894-1902  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  Nashville,  Tenn.  He  is  a  pro- 
fessor of  the  university  of  Missouri.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Foundations  of  Legal 
Liability,  in  three  volumes;  and  Federal 
l-^ipiity    Piactice.    in    three    \oIumes. 

Street,  Thomas  Blatherwick,  inventor, 
author,  poet,  was  horn  Nov.  29,  1821,  in 
Nottingham  county^  England.  He  has  con- 
tributed extensively  to  the  periodical  press ; 
his  poems  have  appeared  in  Poets  of  Amer- 
ica and  other  standard  works ;  and  he  has 
ready  for  the  press  an  autobiography  of  his 
life.  He  came  to  America  iu  his  l)oyliood, 
and  has  traveled  nearly  a  hundred  thousand 
miles  to  all  parts  of  the  world.  He  has  been 
president  of  Liberal  league,  of  Free  soil  so- 
ciety, and  of  P.urial  reform  society. 

Street,  Webster,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
June  8,  1846,  in  Salem,  Ohio.  In  1897-1902 
he  was  chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Arizona. 

Street,  Whiting,  pliilanthroj)ist.  was  born 
March  25.  1790,  in  Wallingford,  Conn.  He 
accumulated  a  large  fortune ;  and  at  his 
death  left  one  hundred  and  six  thousand  dol- 
lars to  the  city  of  Holyoke  and  twenty -one 
adjacent  towns,  to  be  used  for  the  benefit 
of  the  worthy  poor  that  should  not  be  al- 
ready in  charge  of  the  public.  He  died  July 
31.   1878.    in   Niuthampton.    Mass. 

Streeter,  Frank  Sherwin,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  horn  Aug.  5,  1853.  in  East  Charles- 
Ion,  Vt.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Johns- 
bury  academy;  and  graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college.  He  soon  attained  success  in 
the  practice  of  law  in  Concord,  N.II. ;  and 
is  promiiu-ntly  identified  with  the  business 
and  public  afTairs  of  that  city.  In  1885  he 
was  a  rei)resentative  in  the  New  Hampshire 
slate  legislature;  and  was  a  member  on  sev- 
eral important  commiltees.  In  1896  he  was 
a  niend)er  of  the  republican  national  conven- 
tion ;  since  1893  lias  been  a  trustee  of  Dart- 
mouth college;  and  has  filled  various  other 
oositions  of  trust  and  honor.  He  is  a  mem- 
lier  f)f  the  repiilplican  national  committee  for 
New   Hampshire. 

Streeter,  John  William,  soldier,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Si^il.  17.  1841.  in  Ash- 
tabula. Ohio.  In  1888  1 sl.ablished  Street- 
er liosiiiial   in  Chicago.   III.     He  was  the  au- 


370 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Ihor  of  Doctor  Time,  a  novel.     lie  died   in 
1905  in  Chicago,  111. 

Straight,  Abel  D.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1861  he  was  colonel  in  the 
lifty-first  regiment  Indiana  infantry ;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
\olunteers.  He  died  May  27,  1892,  in  In- 
dianapolis, Ind. 

Stribling,  Cornelius  Kinchilow,  naval  of- 
licer,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1796,  in  I'endleton, 
S.C.  He  served  in  the  United  States  navy 
during  the  civil  war ;  and  in  1865  served  as 
commander-in-chief  of  the  east  gulf  squad- 
ron ;  and  in  1867  was  created  rear  admiral. 
He  died  Jan.  17,  1880.  In  Martiusburg, 
W.   Va. 

Strickland,  0.  F.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
an  early  emigrant  to  Utah ;  and  was  ap- 
pointed associate  justice  of  the  United 
States  court  f«r  that  territory.  He  died  in 
Utah. 

Strickland,  Peter,  naval  officer,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  1.  1837,  in  Montvillc, 
Conn.  He  was  a  naval  officer  during  the 
civil  war.  He  was  solicited  by  the  govern- 
ment during  the  administration  of  President 
Arthur  to  establish  a  consulate  at  Goree 
Dakar;  and  has  continued  to  hold  that  posi- 
tion  ever  since. 

Strickland,  Randolph,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  4,  1823, 
in  Danville,  N.Y.  In  1852-02  he  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Clinton  county,  Mich., 
and  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1861-62.  In  1SU9-71  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Michigan  to  the  forty-tirst  con- 
gress. He  died  about  19U0  in  St.  Johns, 
Mich. 

Strickland,  Silas  A.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1802  he  was  lieutenant-colo- 
nel in  the  fiftieth  regiment  Ohio  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-getieral 
of  volunteers.    He  resigned  in  1878. 

Strickland,  Theron  C,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  24,  1859,  in  New  York  state. 
He  is  prominent  as  a  teacher  in  commer-' 
cial  schools  and  colleges.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Twentieth  Century  Short-hand. 

Strickland,  William,  architect,  author, 
was  born  in  1787  in  Philadelphia.  His 
chief  professional  work  was  the  capitol  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.  He  was  the  author  of  Tri- 
angulation  of  the  Entrance  into  Delaware 
Bay;  Report  on  Canals  and  Railways;  and 
Public  Works  of  the  United  States.  He 
died  April  7,   1854,  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Strickland,  William  Peter,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  17,  1809,  in  Pittsburg, 
Pa.  In  1805-77  he  was  pastor  of  a  presby- 
terian  church  at  Bridgehampton,  L.I.  He 
was  the  author  of  Pioneers  of  the  West; 
History  of  the  American  Bible  Society;  The 
Cenius  of  Methodism;  Light  of  the  Tem- 
ple; Old  Mackinaw,  or  the  Fortress  of  the 
Lakes;  Christianity  Demonstrated  by  Facts; 
and  The  Astrologer  of  Chaldea,  or  the  Life 
of  Faith.  He  died  July  15,  1884,  in  Ocean 
Grove,  N.J. 


Stringer,  Arthur,  author,  poet,  was  born 
Feb.  26,  1874,  in  Canada.  In  1903-04  he 
was    literary    editor    of    Success 


Magazine. 


He  is  the  author  of  Watchers  of  Twilight; 
Pauline  and  Other  Poems;  Epigrams;  The 
Loom  of  Destiny;  Phantom  Wires;  The  Oc- 
casional Ofl'ender;  and  The  Woman  in  the 
Rain. 

Stringer,  Lawrence  B.,  congressman,  was 
born  Feb.  24,  1800,  in  New  Jersey.  He  has 
been  presiding  judge  of  the  Illinois  state 
court.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  sixty-third  congress. 

Stringer,  Samuel,  physician,  w^as  born  in 
1734  in  jNIaryland.  He  settled  in  Albany, 
N.Y.;  and  in  1775  was  appointed  director 
and  physician  of  the  hospitals  of  the  north- 
ern department;  and  authorized  to  appoint 
a  surgeon  for  the  fleet  that  was  then  fitting 
out  upon  the  lakes.  He  died  July  11,  1817, 
in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Stringham,  James  S.,  physician,  lecturer, 
was  born  in  1775  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  professor  of  chemistry  in  Columbia  in 
1802-13;  and  of  jnedical  jurisprudence  in 
the  college  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  in 
1813-71.  He  was  the  first  to  lecture  there 
on  the  latter  science,  and  may  be  regarded 
as  its  founder  in  the  United  States.  He 
(lied  June  28,  1817,  in  St.  Croix,  W.I. 

Silas    Horton,    naval    officer. 


Stringham, 

was   born  Nov. 
v.     In    1809    1 


1798,  in 
became  a 
the 
navy, 
tured 
the 
and 


Middletown,  N. 
midsliipman  in 
United  States 
In  1821  he  cap- 
four  slavers  otf 

coast    of    Africa ; 

in     1821-24    was 


engaged  in  the  West 
Indies  in  the  sup- 
pression of  piracy.  In 
1831  he  was  commis- 
sioned commander;  in 
1841  was  promoted 
captain;  and  in  1844- 
40  was  commander  of 
the  New  Y'ork  na\y 
yard.  In  1853-50  he  commanded  the  ;\Ied- 
'iterrancan  squadron  as  Hag  officer.  During 
the  civil  war  he  commanded  the  North  At- 
lantic blockading  fleet;  and  participated  in 
llie  first  important  naval  victory  of  the 
war.  In  1861  he  was  retired  as  commodore; 
and  in  1862  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
rear-admiral.  He  died  Feb.  7,  1876,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Stringham,  Washington  Irving,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1847,  in  Dolevan, 
N.Y.  In  1866-73  he  attended  the  Washburn 
college  of  Topeka,  Kan.;  in  1877  graduated 
from  Harvard  university;  and  in  1880  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  Johns  llo])- 
kins  university.  He  has  studied  mathemat- 
ics in  Leipsig,  Spain  and  Paris.  He  is  a 
mi'inber  of  tlie  American  mathematical  so- 
ciety; and  a  member  of  the  American  asso- 
ciation for  the  advancement  of  science.  He 
is  editor  and  author  of  the  American   edi- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


371 


tion  of  Cliarles  Smith's  Elementary  Alge- 
bra; and  is  tlie  author  of  Tniphinar  Alge- 
bra. 

Strobel,  Charles  Louis,  civil  engineer,  \vas 
horn  Oct.  G,  1SJ2,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He 
graduated  with  the  degree  of  C.E.  from  the 
Royal  Technical  university  of  Stuttgart, 
(Jermany.  In  1874  he  was  assistant  en- 
gineer of  the  Cincinnati  Southern  railway 
at  Cincinnati.  In  1878  he  became  engineer 
of  the  Keystone  Bridge  company  in  Pitts- 
burgh and  from  188.5  was  consulting  en- 
gineer with  the  same  company  in  Chicago. 
He  also  was  consulting  engineer  to  the  Car- 
negie-Phipps  company  and  other  corpora- 
tions until  1893.  Heathen  engaged  in  busi- 
ness for  himself,  and  subsecjuently  incor- 
porated the  Strobel  Steel  Construction  com- 
pany; and  has  designed  and  built  many  im- 
portant bridges  and  other  structures.  He 
was  editor  of  the  Handbook  of  Useful  Infor- 
mation for  Engineers  and  Architects. 

Strobel,  Edward  Henry,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
autlior,  was  born  Dec.  7,  185.3,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  In  1898-1906  he  was  Bemis  pro- 
fessor of  international  law  in  Harvard  uni- 
versity; and  since  1903  has  been  general 
advisor  to  the  government  of  Siam.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Spanish  Revolution. 

Strobel,  William  Daniel,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  :May  7,  1808,  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  He  was  president  of  the  general  synod 
in  1879-80.  He  was  the  author  of  numerous 
articles  in  periodicals  of  the  church,  which 
were  afterward  published  separately.  He 
di.'d  Doc.  0,   1884,  in  Rhincbcck,  X.Y. 

Strobridge,  Mrs.  Idah  Meacham,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  June  9,  1855,  in 
Contra  Costa  county,  Cal.  She  has  contrib- 
uted to  over  fifty  leading  Sunday  news- 
papers and  magazines.  She  is  the  author 
of  In  Miners'  Mirage-Land;  The  Loom  of 
the  Desert;  and  The  Land  of  Purple  Shad- 
ows. 

Strode,  Jesse  B.,  soldier,  educator,  law- 
yer, jurist,  congressman,  was  horn  Feb.  18, 
1845,  in  Fulton  county,  111.  He  was  twice 
elected  mayor  and  six  times  councilman  of 
tilt!  city  of  Abingdon.  He  moved  to  Platts- 
moutli,' Neb. ;  was  elected  district  attorney 
in  1882,  and  served  two  terms.  He  removed 
to  Lincoln  in  1887,  and  practiced  law  there 
until  1892,  when  he  was  elected  judge  of 
the  district  court.  In  1895-99  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  lifty-fourth  and  fifty- 
fifth  congresses. 

Strode,  Joseph,  postmasti-r,  was  born  in 
is  15.  lie  wa-i  the  oldest  postmaster  in  con- 
tinual service  in  the  United  States;  and 
from  1815  was  postmaster  of  Strode's  Mills, 
Pa.    He  died  in  Strode's  Mills,  Pa. 

Strohm,  Gertrude,  compiler,  autlun-,  was 
born  .Inly  14.  ]S4:J.  near  Dayton.  Ohio.  She 
is  the  author  of  Word  Pictures;  I'niversal 
Cookery  Book;  Flower  Idyls;  The  Young 
Scholar's  ('om])anion;  and  Fireside  (James. 
Strohm,  Isaac,  writer,  jiublic  official,  was 
ItoiM    Dee.    11,    1810,    in    Lancaster,   Pa.     In 


early  life  he  wrote  much  for  the  press;  and 
was  a  contributor  to  the  New  Yorker,  Sar- 
tain's  Magazine  and  other  publications.  For 
nearly  forty  years  he  held  government  posi- 
tions in  Washington,  D.C.  In  1859  he  ed- 
ited The  Life  and  Speeches  of  the  Hon. 
Thomas  Cornin.  He  died  March  26,  1894, 
in  Creene  county,  Ohio. 

Strohm,  John,  state  legislator,  congress- 
n.an,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1793,  in  Lancaster 
county.  Pa.  In  1831  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  of  his  native  state, 
serving  three  sessions  in  the  house  and  eight 
in  tha  senate,  during  one  term  as  speaker. 
In  1845-49  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
twenty-ninth  and  thirtieth  congresses. 

Stromquist,  Charles  J.,  farmer,  contract- 
or, legislator,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1842,  in 
Sweden.  He  emigrated  to  the  United  States 
in  1867,  and  is  now  a  successful  farmer 
and  stock  raiser  of  Fremont,  Kan.  He  has 
been  assessor,  justice  of  the  peace,  county 
commissioner,  and  served  with  distinction 
in  the  Kansas  state  legislature  for  two 
terms,  during  1893-95,  declining  to  be  a 
candidate  for  a  third  term.  He  was  the 
originator  of  the  Swedish-American  Insur- 
ance company  of  Kansas,  and  was  its  pres- 
ident for  ten  years.  Since  1880  he  has  been 
a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of  Beth- 
any college  of  Lindsburg.  Kan.;  and  is  now 
serving  his  second  term  as  treasurer  of  Mc- 
Pherson  county. 

Strong,  Abigail  Spurt,  reformer,  was  born 
Aug.  23,  1811,  in  Annapolis,  N.S.  Her  whole 
life  was  spent  in  religious  and  reformatory 
work  in  Brooklyn,  Boston  and  St.  Paul, 
Minn.    She  died  in  St.  Paul.  Minn. 

Strong,  Augustus  Hopkins,  clergyman, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  Aug.  3, 
1836,  in  Rochester,  N.Y.  He  is  a  Bapt.st 
clergyman  of  Rochester,  N.Y.;  president  of 
the  Rochester  theological  seminary  since 
1872;  and  since  1899  president  of  American 
Baptist  education  society.  He  is  the  author 
of  Systematic  Theology;  Philosojdiy  and 
Religion;  The  Greek  x  oets  and  Their  The- 
ologj-;  and  Christ  in  Creation  and  Ethical 
Monism. 

Strong,  Caleb,  lawyer,  governor,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  .Ian.  9,  1745.  in 
Northampton,  Mass.  In  1780  he  was  chosen 
one  of  the  council  of  Massachusetts.  In 
1779  he  assisted  in  framing  the  constitution 
of  that  state;  and  in  1787  also  assisted  in 
framing  the  constitution  of  the  liiited 
States,  but  did  not  sign  that  instrument. 
In  1789-97  he  was  United  States  senator; 
and  was  the  fifth  governor  of  Massachusetts 
in  LSI  10-07  and  1812-l(i.  He  was  a  i)resi- 
deiitial  elector  in  1809.  He  died  Nov.  7, 
1819,  in  Northampton,  Mass. 

Strong,  Charles  Augustus,  educator,  psy- 
chologist, author,  was  liorn  Nov.  28,  1802, 
in  Haverhill,  Mass.  In  1895-1903  he  was  a 
lecturer  and  since  19(13  has  been  jjrofessor 
(if  psychology  at  the  Columbian  university. 
He  is  the  author  of  Whv  the  Mind  Has  a 
Body. 


372 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Strong,  Charles  H.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  29,  1850,  in  New  Orleans, 
La.  He  is  rector  of  St.  John's  church  of 
Savannah,  Ga.  He  is  the  author  of  Creed 
in  Deed;  A  Fair  Agnostic;  In  Paradise; 
and  Sermons. 

Strong,  Daniel  Gates,  educator,  college 
president,  ch-rgynian.  prohibitionist,  was 
born  Aug.  10,  1838,  in  Kenton,  Ohio.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  was  chaplain  in  the 
fourth  regiment  Ohio  volunteer  infantry. 
He  has  been  president  of  the  Wilbur  Col- 
legiate college  of  Lewiston,  Idaho;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  general  conference  of  1880; 
and  in  1892  was  a  candidate  on  the  prohi- 
bition ticket  for  lieutenant-governor  of  the 
state  of  Washington. 

Strong,  Edward  Trask,  naval  elficer,  was 
born  Feb.  10,  1840,  in  Ipswich.  Mass.  He 
served  through  the  civil  war.  In  1868  he 
was  commissioned  an  ensign  in  the  regular 
navy;  and  in  1900  was  retired  with  the 
rank  of  rear  admiral. 

Strong,  Frank,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, author,  was  born  Aug.  5,  1859,  in  Ven- 
ice, N.Y.  In  1897-99  he  was  a  lecturer  on 
history  in  Yale  university;  in  1899-1902 
was  president  of  the  university  of  Oregon ; 
and  since  1902  has  been  chancellor  of  the 
university  of  Kansas.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
Life  of  Benjamin  Franklin;  A  Forgotten 
Danger  to  the  New  England  Colonies ;  and 
Ooveniment  of  the  American  People. 

Strong,  George  Augustus,  clergyman,  au- 
thor. He  is  an  episcopal  clerg;\'man  of  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  the 
Song  of  Milkanwatha. 

Strong,  George  Crockett,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  ()ct.  Hi,  1S:52,  in  Stockbridge,  Vt. 
He  was  a  general  in  the  federal  army  dur- 
ing the  civil  war;  and  fell  in  the  assault  on 
Fort  Wagner.  He  was  the  author  of  Cadet 
Life  at  West  Point.  He  died  July  30,  1863, 
in  New  York  City. 

Strong,  George  Templeton,'  lawyer,  was 
l)orn  Feb.  26.  1820,  in  New  York  City.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  was  treasurer  and  one 
of  the  executive  committee  of  the  United 
States  sanitaiy  commission,  in  which  ca- 
pacity he  rendered  valuable  service.  He 
(li.d  July  21.  ]S75.  in  New  York  City. 

Strong,  George  Veazey,  soldier,  was  born 
March  14,  1880,  in  Chicago,  111.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Michigan  military  academy; 
and  at  the  United  States  military  academy 
of  West  Point.  N.Y.  He  is  quartermaster 
lit  Fort  Meade;  and  has  filled  various  other 
positions  of  trust  and  honor.  Since  1904 
lie  has  held  the  rank  of  second  lieutenant 
in  tlie  sixth  cavalry  of  the  I'nited  States 
arni\-;  and  is  now  stationed  at  Fort  Meade, 
S.D.' 

Strong,  Henry,  lawyer,  financier,  rail- 
road piesident.  was  born  in  1829  in  Scot- 
hind,  lie  became  widely  known  as  a  lawyer 
and  financier,  through  his  connection  with 
various  railroad  corporations  as  general  or 
consulting  attorney,   including  the  Chicago, 


Burlington  and  Quincy,  the  Dest  Moines 
Valley,  the  Union  Pacific,  and  the  Atchison, 
Topeka  and  Santa  Fe,  of  which  last  named 
compam^  he  was  president. 

Strong,  James,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1783  in  Windham,  Conn.  In  1819-21  and 
1823-31  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  sixteenth,  eighteenth,  nine- 
teenth, twentieth  and  twenty-first  congress- 
es.   He  died  Aug.  8,  1847,.  in  Chester,  N.J. 

Strong,  James,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1822  in  New  York.  In  1868-94  he 
was  professor  in  Drew  seminary  at  Madi- 
son, N.J.  He  was  the  author  of  English 
Harmony  of  the  Gospels;  Greek  Harmony 
of  the  Gospels;  Irenics;  The  Tabernacle  of 
Israel;  Sacred  Idyls;  Future  Life;  Jewish 
Life;  Our  Lord's  Life;  Commentary  on  Ec- 
clesiastes;  and  Concordance  of  the  Bible. 
He  d  ed  Aug.  7.  1894,  in  Round  Lake,  N.Y. 
Strong,  James  Clark,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  c^aptain  in 
the  twenty-first  regiment  New  York  infan- 
try; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
genei'al  of  vohniteers.  He  was  honorably 
discharged   in   1866. 

Strong,  James  Hooker,  naval  officer,  w-as 
born  April  26.  1814,  in  Canandaigua,  N.Y. 
He  was  commissioned  commodore  in  1870; 
in  1873  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral;  and  placed  on  the  retired  list  in 
1876.  He  died  Nov.  23.  1882,  in  Columbia, 
S.C. 

Strong,  James  Woodward,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  was  born  Sept. 
29,    1833,   in   Brownington,   Vt.     In    1858   he 

graduated  from  Beloit 
college  where  he  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
A.M.  and  D.D. ;  in 
1862  graduated  from 
the  Union  theological 
seminary  of  New 
York ;  and  received 
the  honorary  degree 
of  LL.D.  from  Illinois 
college.  In  1854-55 
was  city  clerk ;  and 
in  1855-56  was  city 
superinten  dent  of 
schools  at  Beloit,  Wis.  In  1862-70  he  filled 
1  a -torates  in  the  congregational  churches 
of  Broadhead,  Wis.,  and  Faribault,  Minn. 
In  1870-1903  he  was  the  first  president  of 
Carlcton  college;  and  is  now  president  em- 
eritus. In  1872-1905  he  was  president  of 
the  Minnesota  state  home  missionary  so- 
ciety; and  in  1865-1901  was  a  member  of 
almost  everv  national  congregational  coun- 
cil. He  died  Feb.  24,  1913.  in  Northfield, 
Minn. 

Strong,  Jamin,  physician,  lecturer,  was 
born  Nov.  27,  1825,  near  Rochester,  N.Y. 
For  twenty  years  he  practiced  medicine  in 
Elyria,  Ohio;  and  in  1869  was  elected  to  the 
state  legislature.  In  1891  he  was  appointed 
health  ollicer  of  Cleveland.  He  d'ed  Jan. 
29,   1895.  in  Cleveland,  Oliio. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


373 


Strong,  Jedediah,  coiigrcssinan,  was  born 
Nov.  7,  ir.iS.  in  Litdilicld.  Conn.  In  1782- 
84  ho  was  a  delogaU'  from  Conni'Cticut  to 
the  continental  confrrcss.  Ho  diod  .hmo  21, 
18tl2.  in   i.itchtleld.  Conn. 

Strong,  John,  pionoor,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
logislator.  was  born  Aug.  l(i,  1738,  in  Cov- 
ontry.  Conn.  Wf  roprosontod  Dorset  in  the 
Vermont  iegishiture  in  1770-82;  and  served 
as  assistant  judge  of  Bennington  county  in 
1781-82.  In  1783  he  returned  to  his  old 
homo  in  Addison,  Vt.;  sat  again  in  tlie 
legislature  in  1784-80;  was  first  judge  of 
the  county  court  in  1785-1801 :  and  judge  of 
probate  in  1780-1801.  He  died  June  10, 
1810.  in  Addison,  N.Y. 

Strong,  Joseph,  clergyman,  was  born  Sept. 
21.  1753,  in  Coventry,  Conn.  He  gradu- 
ated at  Yale  in  1772,  and  was  for  fifty-six 
years  i)astor  of  the  First  church  of  Norwich, 
Conn.  He  died  Dec.  18,  1834,  in  Norwich, 
Conn. 

Strong,  josiah,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  .Ian.  19,  1847,  in  Naporville,  111.  In 
1880-98    he    was    general    secretary    of    the 

Evangelical  alliance 
for  the  United  .States ; 
and  since  1898  pr-esi- 
dent  League  for  So- 
cial Service.  He  is  the 
author  of  Our  Coun- 
try, of  which  nearly 
two  hundred  thousand 
copies  in  English  have 
been  sold.  He  has  been 
l)resident  of  the 
American  Institute  of 
Social  Science.  He  is 
the  author  of  The 
Now  Era ;  The  Twentieth  Century  City ; 
Religious  Movements  for  Social  Better- 
uK'nt  ;  Expansion;  The  Times  and  tho 
Young  Men ;  and  The  Next  Great  Awaken- 
ing. 

Strong,  Julius  L.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congri'ssman,  was  born  Nov.  8,  1828, 
in  I'.olton.  Conn.  Ho  was  a  member  of  the 
Connecticut  legislature  for  two  years.  In 
1809-73  he  was  a  representative  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  forty-first  and  forty-second 
congresses  as  a  republcan.  He  died  Sept. 
7.    1872.   in   Hartford.   Coim. 

Strong,  Latham  Cornell,  journalist,  poet, 
was  born  .Iiine  12,  1845.  in  Troy,  N.Y.  He 
was  the  author  of  Castle  Windows;  Pots 
fif  (!old;  Poke  o'  Moonshine;  and  Midstiin- 
nn-r  Dreams.  He  died  Dec.  17,  1H79,  in 
I'arrytowM.  X.^'. 

Strong,  Moses  McCure,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, author,  was  i)orn  .May  20.  1810,  in  Rut- 
land. \'t.  In  1837  he  was  surveyor  of  gov- 
ernment lands  in  Dubuque  and  .Jackson 
counties.  Iowa;  was  V.  S.  attorney  for 
Wisconsin  Territory;  a  moml)er  of  the  ter- 
ritorial legislative  council;  member  of  tho 
const  itut  ional  convention  in  184ti;  ami 
speaker  of  the  bouse  of  roprosontativos  in 
1850.     He  was  actively  connected  with  the 


const  ruction  of  the  La  Crosse  and  ^lilwau- 
kee  railroad;  and  its  president  from  1852- 
.17.  In  1885-94  he  was  president  of  the 
state  board  of  law  examini  rs.  He  was  the 
author  of  History  of  the  Territory  of  Wis- 
consin from  1830-'48  (Madison,  1885).  He 
died  July  20,   1894,  in  Mineral  Point,  Wis. 

Strong,  Luther  M.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  June  23,  1838, 
near  Tiffin,  Ohio.    He  enlisted  as  a  private 

in  the  forty-ninth 
Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try early  in  1801 ; 
was  elected  captain  of 
^^^  company  G;  and  pro- 
^«H|^  ^S^A  motod  to  major  and 
f  ^^*  ■^^yW  lieutenant-colonel.  He 
was  senior  officer  of 
the  regiment  and  in 
command  thereof  from 
al)out  tho  time  of  the 
fall  of  Atlanta  until 
after  the  battle  of 
Nashville;  and  re- 
siiincd  in  1805  on  account  of  a  wound.  He 
is  a  successful  lawyer  of  Kenton,  Ohio;  was 
a  member  of  the  board  of  education  for 
many  years ;  and  was  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1879  and  1881.  He  was  appointed 
jiulge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  to  fill 
a  vacancy.  In  1893-97  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-third  and  fifty-fourth  con- 
gresses as  a  republican. 

Strong,  Nathan,  clergyman,  autlior,  was 
born  Oct.  10.  1748,  in  Coventry,  Conn.  He 
was  a  chaplain  in  the  revolutionary  army; 
and  an  able  patriot."  lie  was  the  author  of 
Sermons;  Tiio  Doctrine  of  Eternal  Misery 
Consistent  with  the  Infinite  Benevolence  of 
God.  He  died  Dec.  25,  1810,  in  Hartford, 
Conn. 

Strong,  Nehemiah,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1730,  in  North- 
ampton, Mass.  In  1770-81  he  was  the  first 
professor  of  nnithematics  ami  natural  jihil- 
oso])liy  at  Yale.  He  was  tho  author  of  As- 
tronomy Improved.  He  died  Aug.  12,  1807, 
in   Bridgeport.  Conn. 

Strong,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  born  luly 
17,  1702,  in  Salisbury,  Conn.  During  the 
war  of  1812  he  raised  of  his  own  accord  a 
body  of  soldiers;  and  hastened  to  the  relief 
of  the  garrison  at  Plattsburg.  N.Y.  }\c  re- 
ceived for  his  services  the  formal  thanks 
of  till'  legislatures  of  Vermont  and  New 
■S'ork.  and  a  gold  sword  from  the  latter.  He 
died    Doc.   5,    1832,   in    X'orgonnes. 

Strong,  Oliver  Smith,  merchant,  legisla- 
tor, philanthroitist.  was  born  Doc.  11.  1800, 
in  New  York  City.  In  1850-74  he  was  pres- 
ident of  the  Society  for  the  Kefonnation  of 
.Invenile  DeliiKpn-nts,  of  which  he  had  long 
been  a  director;  and  the  prosperity  of  the 
House  of  Refuge  is  largely  due  to  his  ef- 
forts. In  1S4H  lie  was  cliosen  a  meml)er  of 
the  Ni'W  .Jersey  legislature.  He  died  April 
30,  1874,  in  Mount  Vernon,  N.Y. 


374 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Strong,  Selah,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  25,  1737,  in  Setauket, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  Provincial 
congress  in  1775.  He  served  as  a  captain 
in  the  Revolution;  was  a  state  senator  in 
1792-96;  and  first  judge  of  the  county  court 
of  common  pleas  in  1783.  He  died  July 
4,  1815,  in  Setauket,  N.Y, 

Strong,  Selah  Brewster,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  May  11,  1792,  in 
Brookhaven,  Mass.  He  served  in  the  war  of 
1812;  and  was  made  captain  of  his  regi- 
ment in  1815.  In  1843-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  twentjf-eighth  congress; 
and  in  1846-60  was  judge  of  the  supreme 
court.  He  died  Nov.  29,  1872,  in  Setauket, 
N.Y. 

Strong,  Simeon,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
March  0,  1736,  in  Northampton,  Mjass.  He 
was  a  representative  in  the  general  court 
of  Massachusetts  in  1767-69;  a  state  sen- 
ator in  1793;  and  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Massachusetts  in  1801-05.  He  died 
Dec.  14,  18U5,  in  Amherst,  Mass. 

Strong,  Solomon,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1779 
in  Massachusetts.  In  1815-19  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Massachvisetts  to  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteenth  congresses ;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1812-13  and 
1843-44;  and  was  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  in  1818-42.  He  died  Sept.  16, 
1850.    in    JMassachusetts. 

Strong,  Stephen,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Connecticut.  In  1845-47  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Now  York  to  the  twenty- 
ninth   congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Strong,  Theodore,  educator,  mathemati- 
cian, autlior,  was  born  July  26,  1790,  in 
South  Hadley,  Mass.  He  was  a  professor  of 
mathematics  at  Rutgers  college  in  1827-63. 
He  was  the  author  of  Treatise  on  Elemen- 
tary Algebra ;  and  On  Diflerential  and  In- 
tegral Calculus.  He  died  Feb.  1,  1869,  in 
New  Brunswick. 

Strong,  Theron  Rudd,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov. 
7,  1802,  in  Salisbury,  Conn.  He  served  in 
the  assembly  of  New  York  from  Wayne 
county  in  1842;  and  in  1839-41  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
ty-sixth congress.  In  1852-60  he  was  judge 
of  the  New  York  supreme  court.  He  died 
May  15.  1873.  in  New  York  City. 

Strong,  Thomas  J.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Vermont.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
twenty-second  regiment  New  York  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.    He  died  Sept.  5.  1885. 

Strong,  Thomas  Morris,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  20,  1797,  in  Coopers- 
town,  N.Y.  In  1822-61  he  was  a  pastor  of 
the  Dutch  reformed  church  in  Flathush,  L.I. 
He  was  ihe  author  of  History  of  the  Town 
of  Flatlmsh.  He  died  June  14^  1861,  in  Flat- 
bush,  L.I. 

Strong,  Thomas  Nelson,  soldier,  lawyer, 
anthor,  was  born  March  17.  1853,  in  Cath- 
lamet,   Wash.     In    1809-73   he  was   engineer 


on  the  Northern  Pacific  railroad ;  and  since 
1874  has  practiced  law  in  Portland,  Ore. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Spanish  Revolu- 
tion;  and  Cathlamet  on  the  Columbia. 

Strong,  Titus,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  26,  1787,  in  Brighton,  Mass.  In 
1814-55  he  was  rector  of  St.  James  church 
of  Greenfield,  Mass.  He  was  the  author  of 
Tears  of  Columbia,  a  Political  Poem;  Can- 
did Examination  of  the  Episcopal  Church ; 
The  Deerfield  Captive;  and  The  Young 
Scholar's  IManual.  He  died  in  June,  1855, 
in  Greenfield,  ]\Iass. 

Strong,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  Wind- 
ham county,  Conn.  In  1811-15  and  1819-21 
he  was  a  representative  from  Vermont  to 
the  twelfth,  thirteenth  and  sixteenth  con- 
gresses. He  was  for  eight  years  sheriff  of 
Hartford  county;  and  was  judge  of  the  same 
county.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state  leg- 
islature for  eight  years.  He  died  in  Hart- 
ford county,  \t. 

Strong,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  6,  1808,  in  Somers, 
Conn.  In  1847-51  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  thirtieth  and  thir- 
ty-tirst  congresses.  In  1857-68  he  was  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1870-80  he  was  an  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
I'nited  States.  He  died  Aug.  19,  1895,  in 
Lake  Minnewaska,  N.Y. 

Strong,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  \'ermont.  He  was  an  early  emigrant  to 
tlie  territory  of  Washington;  and  was  an 
associate  justice  of  the  United  States  for 
the  territory  of  Oregon  in  1850-53.  He 
died  in  Oregon. 

Strong,  William  B.,  railroad  manager, 
banker,  was  born  about  1830  in  Browning- 
ton,  Vt.  He  began  railroading  in  1854; 
filled  the  positions  of  superintendent  and 
general  manager  on  various  roads;  and  for 
ten  years  was  president  of  the  Atchison, 
Topeka  and  Santa  Fe  railroad.  He  subse- 
quently became  a  banker  at  Beloit,  Wis. 

Strong,  William  Emerson,  soldier,  mer- 
chant, was  born  Aug.  10,  1840.  in  Granville, 
N.Y.  In  1865  he  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  inspector- 
general  of  the  Freedmen's  bureau  in  1865- 
66;  and  in  1867-73  was  secretary  of  the 
Pcshtigo  lumber  company  in  Chicago,  111., 
of  which  he  was  president  in  1873-91.  He 
died  April  10,  1891,  in  Florence,  Italy. 

Strong,  William  Kerley,  soldier,  mer- 
chant, was  born  April  30,  1805,  in  Duanes- 
burg.  N.Y.  He  became  an  extensive  wool 
merchant  of  New  York  City.  With  General 
John  C.  Fremont  and  others  he  was  instru- 
ni(>ntal  in  the  purchase  of  arms  for  the 
union  government.  He  served  for  some  time 
niuler  Freemont ;  was  in  command  at  Cairo, 
111.;  and  was  made  a  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  March  15,  1868,  in  New 
York  City. 

Strong,  William  L.,  merchant,  banker, 
was   born   March    22,    1827,   in   Londonville, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


375 


(.)liio.  lie  was  mayor  of  the.  City  of  New 
York.  He  was  president  of  tlic  Central  na- 
tional bank;  and  was  also  vice-prosidt-nt  of 
the  New  York  security  and  trust  company. 
He  died  in  lUOO  in  New  York  City. 

Stroock,  Moses  J.,  lawyer,  was  born  Aug. 
18,  18GG,  in  New  York  City.  He  is  a  di- 
rector of  Marion  Realty  company,  the  Atlas 
Investor's  company,  the  IJorougli  Investing 
company,  the  Stroock  Felt  mills,  the  Stroock 
Plusii  company  and  other  corporations.  He 
is  a  trustee  of  the  college  of  the  City  of 
Now  York. 

Strother,  David  Hunter,  Porte  Crayon, 
soldier,  artist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  10, 
1816,  in  Martinsburg,  W.Va.  He  was  an 
artist  of  Berkeley  Springs,  W.Va.;  and  a 
magazinist.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  a 
colonel  in  the  union  army;  and  in  18G5  he 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Blackwater  Chronicle; 
and  X'irginia  Illustrated.  He  died  March  8, 
ISSS.   ill  Cliarlos  Town,  W.Va. 

Strother,  George  F.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Culpepper  county,  Va.  In  1817- 
21  he  was  a  rcprosontative  from  Virginia 
to  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  congresses; 
and  in  1820  was  appointed  receiver  ot  pub- 
lic moneys  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo. 

Strother,  James  F.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1811, 
in  Culpepper  county,  Ya.  He  served  ten 
years  in  the  legislature  of  Virginia  and  was 
speaker  in  1847-48.  In  1850  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  convention  which  framed  the  pres- 
ent constitution  of  the  state.  In  1851-515  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  thirty-second 
congress.  He  died  Sept.  20,  1800,  in  Cul- 
peper  county,  Va. 

Stroud,  George  McDowell,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  Ixini  <)i-l.  12,  17!I5,  in  Strouds- 
burg.  Pa.  For  many  years  he  was  judge  of 
the  district  court  of  Philadelphia.  He  was 
the  author  of  Sketch  of  Laws  Relating  to 
Slavery  in  the  Several  States.  He  died  .lune 
20.    1S75.   in   Cermantown.   Pa. 

Strout,  Sewall  Gushing,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  l)orn  Feb.  17,  1827,  in  Wales,  Maine. 
He    received    a    thorough    education    in    the 

sehools  and  academies 
1  T  '      of  Portland,  Me.;  and 


*r 


received  the  degree  of 
.A.M.  from  Bowdoin 
eolj.-ge.  In  1S48  lie 
was  admitted  to  the 
-i^       ,  practice    of    law;    and 

'■*^       i^  ill    1894    practiced    his 

^^r^^^  pnifessidn      ill      Poit- 

ll^Hl^^j^imi^J      inent   in  and 

])ublic  all'airs  in  tliis 
eity.  Since  1894  he  has  been  judge  of  tlie 
supreme  judicial  court  of  .Maine. 

Strouse,  Myer,  lawyer,  journalist,  con- 
gre>>maii,  was  liorn  Dec.  16,  1825,  in  Ger- 
many.    In   1863-67  he  was  a  representative 


from  Pennsylvania  to  tlie  thirty-eightli  ami 
thirty-ninth  congresses.  He  died  Feb.  11, 
1878,  in  Pottsville.  Pa. 

Strover,  Carl  Bemhard  Wittekind,  law- 
yer, author,  soldier,  was  born  Di^".  11,  1805, 
in  Prussia.  During  the  Spanish-American 
war  he  was  a  major  in  the  Illinois  vdlun- 
teers.  He  now  practices  law  in  Chicago, 
111.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Hawaiian  Prob- 
lem. 

Strowd,  William  F.,  farmer,  congressman, 
was  born  Dec.  7,  1832,  in  Orange  county, 
N.C.  He  is  a  farmer  of  Pittsboro,  N.C.  In 
1895-99  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
tifty-fdurth    and    fifty -fifth    congresses. 

Struble,  George  B.,  lawyer,  legislator, 
jurist,  was  born  July  25,  1836,  in  Su.ssex 
county,  N..T.    He  has  been   circuit  judge  of 

the  eighth  judicial 
district  of  Iowa ;  and 
is  one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  of  that  state 
at  Toledo.  He  served 
with  distinction  as  a 
member  of  tlie  eigh- 
teenth and  nine- 
teenth general  as- 
semblies of  Iowa; 
and  was  speaker  dur- 
ing his  second  term. 
In  1896  he  was  a  del- 
egate to  the  repul)li- 
can  national  convention,  held  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  and  for  the  past  quarter  of  a  century 
has  been  prominently  identified  with  the 
political  all'airs  of  Iowa. 

Struble,  Isaac  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  3,  1843,  near  Fred- 
ericksburg, Va.  He  served  in  the  union 
army  throughout  the  civil  war.  In  1872  he 
moved  to  Le  iMars,  Iowa,  and  continued 
the  practice  of  law.  In  1883-91  he  was  a 
representative  from  Iowa  to  the  forty- 
eighth,  forty-ninth,  fiftieth  and  lifty-lirst 
congresses  as  a  republican. 

Strudwick,  William,  congressman,  was 
born  in  North  Carolina.  In  1790-97  he  was 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  to  the 
fourth  congress.  He  died  in  North  Caro- 
lina. 

Struve,  Henry  G.,  lawyer,  government, 
ollieiiil,  was  Ixnii  Nov.  17,  1830,  in  (ieniiaiiy. 
In  1859  he  began  to  practice  law  in  Van- 
couver, Wash.  He  was  elected  district  at- 
torney for  the  .second  judicial  district;  in 
iS05\vas  a  member  of  the  lower  li<nise  ot 
the  state  legislature;  and  in  1807  was  elect- 
ed to  the  council.  In  1882  he  was  elected 
mayor  of  Seattle.  Wnsh. 

Stryker,  Melancthon  Woolsey,  educator, 
elergviiiaii,  college  president,  author,  wa-^ 
iiorn  .);mi.  7,  1851,  in  \ernon,  N.Y.  lie  is  a 
l)resliyterian  clergyman  and  educator;  in 
1870-92  filled  pastorates;  and  president  of 
Hamilton  college  since  1892.  lie  is  tlie  au- 
thor of  .Miriam,  and  Other  Verse;  llaiiiilton, 
Lincoln,  and  Other  Adiiresscs;  The  Letter 
of  James  the  Just;  and  sermons  and  ad- 
dresses. 


376 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


soldier,  bank- 
1838,  in  Treii- 


the  author  of 
Jersej^  Coiiti- 
Campaigii    of 


War.    Ho 

Stuart, 

pist,  was 

Citv.    He 


Stryker,  Peter,  clergyman,  lecturer,  au- 
tlior,  poet,  was  born  April  8,  182(3,  in  Fair- 
lield,  X.J.  He  is  an  eminent  clergyman  of 
the  reformed  church ;  and  now  fills  a  pas- 
torate in  Asbury  Park,  N.J.  In  1895  he  be- 
came president  of  the  general  synod  of  the 
reformed  church  of  America ;  and  has  been 
manager  of  the  National  Temperance  so- 
ciety s.nce  its  organization  in  18G6.  In  1883 
he  was  president  of  the  New  York  state  tem- 
perance society.  He  is  the  author  of  Three 
Little  Graves ;  Gems  for  the  Savior's 
Crown ;  and  a  collection  of  poems  entitled 
Words  of  Comfort.  He  died  in  1900  in  As- 
hury  Park,  N.J. 

Stryker,  William  Scudder, 
er,  author,  was  born  June  6, 
ton,  N.J.  In  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war 
lie  assisted  in  organizing  the  fourteenth 
New  Jersey  volunteers ;  and  was  aide  on 
General  Gillmore's  staff"  in  1862.  He  was 
president  of  the  Trenton  banking  company 
in  New  Jersey.  In  1900  he  was  adjutant 
general  of  New  Jersey.  He  is 
The  Reed  Controversy;  New 
nental  Line  in  tlie  \'irginia 
1781;  New  Jersey  Continental  Line  in  the 
Indian  Campaign  of  1779,  and  The  New 
Jersey  \'olunteers  in  the  Revolutionary 
died  in  1000  in  Trenton,  N.J. 
Alexander,  merchant,  philanthro- 
born  Dec.  22,  1810,  in  New  York 
was  a  generous  donor  to  philan- 
thropic objects.  The  brothers  began  in  18.52 
to  devote  each  year  a  certain  minimum  sura 
to  works  of  benevolence,  chiefly  connected 
with  the  presbyterian  church;  and  before 
the  death  of  Alexander  had  gi\en  away 
over  one  million  dollars,  which  was  in- 
creased by  the  subsequent  gifts  of  Robert  L. 
to  nearly  two  million  dollars.  He  died  Dec. 
23,  1879.  in  New  York, 

Stuart,  Alexander,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
aiipoiiitcd  an  associate  justice  of  the  United 
States  court  for  the  territory  of  Illinois  in 
1809;  and  in  1814  was  transferred  to  a  sim- 
ilar position  in  the  territory  of  ^lissouri. 
He  (lied   in   ^lissnuri. 

Stuart,  Alexander  Hugh  Holmes,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  cabinet  officer, 
Mas   born   April   2,    1807,    in   Staunton,   Va. 

In  1836-38  he  was  a 
member  of  the  house 
of  delegates  of  Vir- 
ginia. In  1841-43  he 
was  a  representative 
from  Viiginia  to  the 
twenty-seventli  con- 
gress. He  was  a  pres- 
idential elector  in 
1848;  and  in  18.50-53 
he  was  secretary  of 
the  interior.  In  1856 
he  was  a  member  of 
~  '  Ihe    convention    which 

nominated  i\Ir.  Fillmore  for  the  presidency; 
and  in  1857-61  was  a  member  of  tlie  state 
senate  of  Mrginia.  He  died  Feb.  13.  1891, 
in  Staunton,  Va. 


Stuart,  Ambrose  Pascal  Sevilon,  educa- 
tor, scientist,  was  born  Nov.  22,  1820,  in 
Sterling,  Mass.  In  1868-74  he  filled  the 
chair  of  chemistry  in  Illinois  Industrial 
university.  His  chemical  researches  have 
been  published  in  the  transactions  of  so- 
cieties.   He  died  in   1809  in  Lincoln,  Neb. 

Stuart,  Andrew,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1853-55  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  thirty-third 
congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  Steu- 
benville,  Ohio. 

Stuart,  Archibald,  congressman,  was  born 
in  \*irginia.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  to  the  twenty-fifth 
congress.    He  died  in  Mt.  Airy.  Va, 

Stuart,  Charles  Beebe,  civil  engineer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  4,  1814,  in  Chittenango 
Springs,  N.Y.  In  1850-53  he  was  engineer- 
in-ohief  of  the  L^nited  States  navy.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  Naval  Dry  Docks  of  the  Unit- 
ed States :  AVater  Works  of  the  United 
States :  and  Civil  and  Military  Engineers 
of  the  United  States.  He  died  Jan.  4.  1881, 
in  Geneva,  N.Y. 

Stuart,  Charles  Duff,  lawyer,  author,  w-as 
born  Aug.  27.  1854,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
In  1883-84  he  practiced  law;  in  1890-91  he 
was  engaged  as  a  fruit  grower ;  and  since 
1898  has  been  public  accountant  of  San 
Francisco.  He  is  the  author  of  Casa 
Grande. 

Stuart,  Charles  E.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman. United  States  senator,  was  born 
Nov.  25,  1810,  in  Columbia  county,  N.Y.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Michigan  legislature  in 
1842:  and  in  1847-49  and  1851-53  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  thirtieth  and  thirty- 
second  congresses.  In  1853-59  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator.  He  died  in  1887  in  Kala- 
mazoo.  JNIich. 

Stuart,  Charles  Macaulay,  theologian,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  20,  1853,  In  Glasgow, 
Scotland.  Since  1896  he  has  been  professor 
of  sacred  rhetoric  in  the  Garrett  biblical  in- 
stitute ;  and  in  1909  was  elected  editor  of 
the  Northwestern  Christian  Advocate  of 
Chicago.  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Descrip- 
tive .  Text  of  Photogravures  of  the  Holy 
Land  ;  Life  and  Selected  Writings  of  Fran- 
cis Dana  Hemenway ;  Singers  ai)^  Their 
Songs ;  Visions  of  Christ  in  the  Poets  ;  and 
Story  of  the  Masterpieces. 

Stuart,  David,  congressman,  Avas  born 
March  12.  1816,  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  In  1853- 
55  he  was  a  representative  from  Michigan  to 
the  tliirty-third  congress.  He  died  Sept.  19, 
1868,  in  Detroit,  :Mich. 

Stuart,  Edwin  Sydney,  merchant,  govern- 
or, was  liorn  Dec.  28.  1853.  in  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  In  1868  he  was  engaged  in  the  book 
selling  and  publishing  business.  In  1891-95 
he  was  mayor  of  Philadelphia  :  aiid  was  one 
of  the  trustees  of  the  estate  of  Steidien  Gir- 
ard,  ha\ing  charge  of  (Jirard  college.  In 
1901  he  was  president  of  Electoral  college 
of  I'ennsylvania.  In  1907-11  he  was  govern- 
or of  the  state  of  I'ennsylvauia. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


377 


niiit.    \v;is 
l)uru.  \':i. 


Stuart,    George,     educator,     author,    was 
born    about   1834   in    Saratoga   county.    N.Y. 
As  co-oilitor  of  the  Chase  and   Stuart  Class- 
ical Scries  he  was  the  author  of  ck'nicntnry 
Latiu   books  and  school  editions  of  CjEsar's 
(iallic   War;   Cicero's   Select   Orations;    and 
works  of  Sallnst,  Cornelius  Nepos.   Tacitus, 
^■ir.^il.   Mn<l  Ovid.      He  died  March  16,   1897. 
Stuart,    George    Hay,    merchant,    philan- 
thropist, was  born  April  2,  1816,  in  Ireland. 
He  became  a   merchant  in   IMiiladelphia,  I'a. 
He    presideii    over    the    international   conven- 
tions of   the   Young  men's  christian   associa- 
tions in   1859  and   1861 ;   and  over  the  pres- 
liyterian  national  convention  in  Philadelphia 
in  1867.     He  twice  declined  a  seat  in  Presi- 
dent  (Jraut's  cabinet,  but  consented  to  serve 
on   the   first   board  of   Indian   conunissioners. 
He  died  A|)ril  11.  1890.  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Stuart,  Gilbert,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
l>ec.  3.  1755.  in  Narragansett,  R.l.     He  had 
studios   in    England   and    the    I'nited    States. 
He     painted     several     portraits     of     George 
Washington  and  other  eminent   men.     Some 
of  his  best   works  are  owned  by  the  Boston 
museum   of  fine  arts  and  by   the  New   York 
historial  society.     He  died  July  27.   1828.  in 
Boston.   Mass. 
Stuart,   Granville,   soldier,   pioneer,   diplo- 
1  urn    Aug.   27,   1834.   near  Clarks- 
In  1855  he  served  in  the  first  reg- 
iment   California    vol- 
unt<>ers    in    tlie   second 
Rogue      river      Indian 
war.    and    pari iiiita ted 
in  many  attacks.     For 
foi1y-six    years    he   led 
the    life    of    a    hunter, 
miner,    merchant    and 
stockraiser.      He    was 
I'nited     States     envoy 
(■  X  t  r  a  o  r  dinary    and 
m  i  n  i  ster    plenipoten- 
tiary   to   the   republics 
of  llru;;uay  and  Para- 
guay in   1894-98. 

Stuart,  Hamilton,  journalist,  state  legis- 
lator, was  born  Sei)t.  4.  1813.  in  Jefferson 
county.  Ky.  In  1838  he  removed  to  Texas, 
when'  he  estaiilished  the  Civilinn.  an  inde- 
pendent democratic  .journal,  which  he  con- 
tinued for  nearly  forty  years.  He  resided 
in  Clalveston  since  its  foundation  ;  was  its 
mayor  in  1848-52;  and  served  as  a  mend)er 
of  ihe  legislature  in  1847-48.  He  subsecpient- 
ly  became  one  of  the  editors  of  the  (ialve-^- 
ton.  News.  II."  died  Nov.  24.  1894.  in  (ial- 
veslon.  Texas. 

Stuart,  Isaac  William,  e<l\ieat<)r.  state 
legislator,  author,  was  born  in  1809  in  New 
Haven.  C<mn.  He  was  thrice  eleete<l  to  the 
Conneelicut  stale  senate.  While  professor 
at  South  Ciirolina  college  he  produci'd  an 
annotated  edition  of  the  (Kdijuis  Tyrannns 
of  Sophocles.  In  later  life  he  gave  mueli 
attention  to  American  history  niul  anlicpii- 
ties.  He  died  Oct.  2.  1861.  in  Hartfonl, 
Conn. 


Stuart,  James  Ewell  Brown,  soldier,  was 
born  Feb.  6.  1833.  in  I'atrick  county.  Va. 
He  comnumded  all  the  confederate  cavalry 
at  Bull  Itun  ;  was  made  brigadier-general 
in  1861 ;  and  major-general  in  1862.  He  was 
one  of  two  generals  in  couunand  at  the  battle 
of  Beverly  Ford.  He  was  killed  in  battle 
May   11.   i864.  near  Richmond.   Va. 

Stuart,  Jane,  artist,  author,  was  born 
about  1810.  For  many  years  she  followed 
the  i)rofession  of  portrait-painting.  She  con- 
templated writing  a  life  of  her  father;  and 
published  several  papers  in  Scribner's  Month- 
ly in  1877.  The  work  was  subseipiently 
written,  at  her  reciuest.  by  (Jeorge  Champiin 
.Mason.  She  died  April  28.  1888,  in  New- 
port.   R.I. 

Stuart,  John  Todd,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  10.  1807.  near 
Lexington.  Ky.  In  1832  and  1834  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Illinois  legislature.  In 
1839-43  and  1863-G5  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  twenty-sixth,  twenty- 
seventh  and  twenty-eighth  congresses.  In 
1848-52  he  was  a  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate. He  died  Nov.  28.  1885.  in  Spring- 
field.  111. 

Stuart,  Mary  McCrea,  philanthropist,  was 
born  in  1810  in  New  York  City.  She  was 
known  through  New  York  as  one  of  the 
most  philantiiropic  women  there.  She  do- 
nated nearly  five  millions  to  various  institu- 
tions, the  principal  ones  being  the  Prince- 
ton theological  seminary;  New  York  histor- 
ical society  ;  and  to  Lenox  library  she  willed 
nearly  half  a  million  dollars,  and  all  her 
books,  works  of  art.  and  shells  and  minerals. 
These"  were  iihucd  in  a  separate  room  of  the 
buildini;-.  and  known  as  the  Stuart  collec- 
tion. She  died  Dec.  30,  1891,  in  New  York 
City. 

Stuart,  Moses,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  26,  1780.  in  Wilton, 
Conn.  He  was  a  congregation.il  clergyman; 
and  professor  of  sacred  literature  at  An- 
(lover  seminary  in  1809-48.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Commentaries  on  the  Epistles  to  the 
Romans  and  the  Hebrews;  Hints  on  the 
Prophecies;  Conscience  'and  the  Constitu- 
tion; and  Critical  History  and  Defense  of 
tie  Old  Testament  Canon.  He  died  .Ian.  4. 
1852.   in    .\ndover.  Mass. 

Stuart,  PHlip,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
linrn  in  1760  in  Marylan<l.  In  1811-19  he 
was  a  represeiiiative  from  Maryland  to  the 
twelfth,  thirleenth.  fourteenth  and  fifteenth 
.on^'resses.  During  the  war  of  1812  he  was 
an  olliciu-  in  the  Maryland  volunteers  at  Ihe 
time  of  the  British  invasion.  He  died  -Vug. 
14.   1830.   in   Washington.   l>.i\ 

Stuart,  Robert,  explorer,  was  b.un  Feb. 
19.  1785,  in  Scotland.  In  1810  he  was  .me 
of  the  founders  of  Astoria.  Ore.  In  1812. 
with  a  jiarty  of  six,  he  traveled  overbuui 
from  .Vstoria  to  New  York:  and  the  story 
of  the  journey  is  given  at  leny;th  by  Wasli- 
in«lon  Irving  in  his  Astoria.  He  was  sub- 
sequently   commissioner    for    all    the    Indian 


378 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


tribes  in  tlie  nortlnvest ;  and  in  1834  became 
treasurer  of  Michigan  at  Detroit.  He  died 
Oct.  28,  1848,  in  Cliicago,  111. 

Stuart,  Ruth  McEnery,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Avoyelles  Parish,  La.  She 
was    educated    in    New    Orleans    until    1865. 

She  is  the  wife  of  the 
late  Alfred  A.  Stuart, 
is  the  author  of  A 
Golden  Wedding  and 
Other  Tales ;  Carlot- 
ta's  Intended ;  The 
Story  of  Babette ; 
Solomon  Crow's 
Christmas  Pockets 
and  Others  ;  In  Simp- 
k  i  n  s  V  i  lie  ;  Moriah's 
iMourning ;  Sonny  ; 

Holly  and  P  i  z  e  u  : 
The  Woman's  Ex- 
change ;  Napoleon  Jackson ;  George  Wash- 
ington Jones ;  The  River's  Children ;  and 
The  Second  Wooing  of  Salina  Sue. 

Stuart,  Robert  Leighton,  merchant,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  July  21,  1806,  in  New 
York  City.  In  1880  he  gave  fifty-five  thou- 
sand dollars  to  the  Presbyterian  hospital  of 
New  York  City  ;  one  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars to  Princeton  theological  seminary  ;  one 
hundred  thousand  dollars  to  Princeton  col- 
lege ;  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  the  San 
Francisco  theological  seminary.  jNIr.  Stu- 
art's charities  are  continued  by  his  widow, 
whose  New  York  residence  is  among  the  fin- 
est in  America.  He  died  Dec.  12,  1882,  in 
New  York  City. 

Stubbs,  Daniel  Parham,  lawyer,  banker, 
state  senator,  was  born  July  7,  1829,  in 
Prebe  county,  Ohio.  In  1858  he  settled 
permanently  in  Iowa,  where  he  soon  became 
one  of  the  foremost  lawyers  of  that  state 
at  Fairfield.  In  1863  he  was  elected  to  the 
Iowa  state  senate  ;  served  four  years  in  that 
body  ;  and  in  1866  was  elected  president  pro 
tem.  of  the  senate.  In  1874  he  was  unani- 
mously nominated  for  governor  of  Iowa  ;  and 
in  1879  was  nominated  for  congress;  and  in 
1880  he  received  the  entire  vote  of  his  party 
in  the  legislature  for  United  States  senator. 
He  owns  the  Empire  ranch,  a  stock  farm  of 
four  hundred  acres  adjoining  Fairfield  ;  and 
is  president  of  the  Jefferson  county  state 
bank. 

Stubbs,  Joseph  Edward,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  horn  March  19,  1850,  in 
Ashland,  Ohio.  In  1886-94  he  was  president 
of  Baldwin  university  of  Berea,  Ohio;  and 
since  1894  has  been  president  of  the  Nevada 
state   university. 

Stubbs,  William  Carter,  soldier,  scientist, 
autlior,  was  born  Dec.  7,  1846,  in  Gloucester 
county,  Va.  In  the  civil  war  he  served  in 
the  confederate  cavalry.  In  1885-1905  he 
was  professor  of  agriculture  in  the  Louisiana 
state  university;  and  since  1896  has  been 
state  chemist  of  Louisiana.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Sugar,  in  two  volumes;  The  De- 
scendants of  Mordecai  Cooke;  and  other 
works. 


Stubbs,  W.  R.,  governor.  In  1909-11  he 
was  governor  of  the  state  of  Pennsylvania. 
Stuckart,  Mary  Coleman,  philanthropist, 
was  born  in  1854  in  Canada.  She  is  a 
philanthropist  of  Denver,  Col. ;  and  designed 
a  plan  for  a  co-operative  home,  which  should 
give  to  each  family  their  own  private  and 
separate  house  and  grounds  ;  with  a  central 
building  for  their  common  use. 

Stuckenberg,  John  Henry  Wilburn,  cler- 
gyman, educator,  author,  was  born  Jan.  6, 
1835,  in  Germany.  In  1873-80  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  theology  at  Wittenberg  college, 
Springfield,  Ohio  ;  and  minister  in  charge  of 
the  American  chapel  at  Berlin  since  1880. 
He  was  the  author  of  Christian  Sociology ; 
Life  of  Kant ;  and  Introduction  to  the  Study 
of  Philosophy.  He  died  in  1903  in  Spring- 
field. Ohio. 

Studebaker,  Clement,  manufacturer,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  March  12,  1831,  in 
Adams  county.  Pa.  He  was  a  partner  in 
the  celebrated  wagon  manufacturing  concern 
bearing  his  name  in  South  Bend,  Ind.  In 
1892  he  was  made  president  of  the  Chicago 
and  South  Bend  railway  at  South  Bend, 
Ind.  He  died  Nov.  27,  1901,  in  South  Bend, 
Ind. 

Studebaker,  Jacob  F.,  manufacturer,  fin- 
ancier, was  born  May  26,  1844,  in  Ashland, 
Ohio.  He  was  the  head  of  a  carriage  manu- 
facturing company  ;  and  fur  some  years  was 
connected  with  reijository  and  manufactur- 
ing company  on  Wabash  avenue,  Chicago, 
111.  In  1880  he  organized  the  Percheron 
liorse  company  of  Colorado.  He  died  Dec. 
17,   1887,  in  Chicago,   111. 

Studebaker,  John  Mohler,  manufacturer, 
was  born  Oct.  10,  1833,  in  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
For  five  years  he  built  wagons  in  Califor- 
nia ;  and  "with  his  savings  then  returned  to 
South  Bend  and  became  the  partner  of  his 
brothers.  AVhen  the  company  was  organized 
in  1868.  he  was  made  first  vice-president, 
and  is  now  president  of  Studebaker  brothersi 
manufacturing  company,  operating  the  larg- 
est  vehicle   works   in   the   world. 

Studebaker,  John,  merchant,  banker,  w^a^ 
born  Aug.  15,  1817,  in  Darke  county.  Ohio. 
He  began  his  mercantile  operations  in  a  log 

cabin  in  B  1  u  ff  t  o  n, 
Ind. ;  was  the  agent 
of  the  American  Fur 
company ;  and  did  a 
large  business  among 
llie  Indians.  In  1856 
^        .     ^  ^  he  estai)lished  the  Ex 


change  bank,  which 
institution  in  18  6  3 
was  merged  into  the 
First  national  bank, 
___^  of  which  he  was  pres- 
■k^  MSmM     ident.      Since   1868   he 

Ims  been  president  of 
the  Exchange  l)ank  of  John  Studeliaker  and 
conii)any,  which  is  now  known  as  the  Stude- 
baker l)auk.  He  has  been  a  candidate  for 
congress. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


379 


Studebaker,  Peter  E.,  manufacturer,  was 
born  April  1,  1836.  in  Aslihuul  county,  Ohio. 
The  firm  of  Studebaker  brothers  took  him 
into  partnership  and  sent  him  to  St.  Joseph, 
Mo.,  to  establish  a  depot,  where  ho  built  up 
a  handsome  trade  with  the  plains.  In  1884. 
the  growing  manufacture  of  fine  carriages 
compelled  him  to  remove  to  Chicago.  He 
is  now  treasurer  of  the  concern.  He  died 
Oct.  10.   1897.  in   South  Bend.   Ind. 

Studer,  Jacob  Henry,  publisher,  author, 
ornithologist,  was  born  Feb.  26,  1840,  in  Col- 
umbus. Ohio.  In  1882  he  founded  the  board 
of  trade  of  Columbus,  Ohio.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  natural  science  association  of 
America ;  and  was  in  the  publishing  busi- 
ness in  New  York  City.  He  was  the  author 
of  Columbus,  Ohio:  Its  History.  Resources 
and  Progress ;  The  Birds  of  North  America  ; 
and  Ornithology  or  the  Science  of  Birds.  He 
died  in  1904  in  New  York  City. 

Studley,  John  B.,  actor,  was  born  in  1832 
in  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  one  of  the  promi- 
nent actors  of  the  United  States ;  and  has 
played  leading  parts  in  various  plays  in  the 
princi|ia]  cities  of  America. 

Stuenenberger,  F.,  governor.  In  181)6-1900 
lie  was  governor  of  Idaho. 

Stueve,  Clement  August,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  27,  1855,,  in  Minster,  Au- 
glaize county.  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  and  private  schools  of  Minster 
and  Toledo,  Ohio.  He  has  attained  success 
in  the  practice  of  law  at  Wapakoneta,  Ohio; 
has  been  clerk  of  the  village ;  served  one 
term  as  mayor  of  Wapakoneta ;  and  has 
filled  several  other  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  is  judge  of  the  probate  court  for 
Auglaize  county   for  the  term  of  1903-06. 

Stuever,  Celia  M.,  etcher,  artist,  was  born 
ill  St.  Louis.  Mo.  She  studied  in  Munich 
and  Vienna.  She  is  a  member  of  the  society 
of  western  artists  and  the  Chicago  society 
of  Etcher-s.  She  is  represented  in  the  public 
library  of  New  York  City,  in  the  congres- 
sioi'al  library  at  Washington,  at  the  St. 
Louis  art  nuiseum.  in  the  Budapest  museum, 
and  also  in  various  art  nniseums  of  America 
and   Europe. 

Stumbaugh,  Frederick  Shearer,  soldier 
was  burn  in  rennsyhiuiia.  In  1861  he  was 
colonel  in  the  second  regiment  Pennsylva- 
nia infantry  ;  and  in  1862  attained  the  rank 
of  briciidier-general  of  volunteers.  Ho  was 
lumorjibly   (lischai'ued    in   1863. 

Stump,  Herman,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  8.  1837.  in 
Harford  county.  Md.  Ho  was  elected  to  the 
Maryland  state  senate  in  1878;  and  was 
made  president  of  that  body  in  1880.  In 
1887-93  he  was  a  roi)resentative  to  the  fif- 
tieth, fifty-first  and  fifty-second  congresses 
as  a  democrat. 

Stuntz,  Homer  Clyde,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  .Ian.  29.  1858.  in  .M'Dion.  Pa.  Since 
1884  he  has  been  in  the  ministry  of  the 
methodist  episcopal  church  ;  in  1886-95  he 
was   a    missionary   to   India   and   since   1907 


has  been  field  secretary  of  the  board  of  for- 
eign missions  for  the  eastern  division.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Philippines  of  the  Far 
East. 

Stuntz,  Stephen  Conrad,  librarian,  bib- 
liographer, author,  was  bora  April  4,  1875,  in 
Clarno,  Wis.  In  1895-1902  he  was  library 
assistant  at  the  university  of  Wisconsin. 
Since  1902  he  has  been  a  cataloguer  and 
classifier  at  the  library  of  congress  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  the  Sec- 
ond Mrs.  Jim ;  and  Mrs.  Jim  and  Mrs. 
Jimmie. 

Sturdevant,  James  Warner,  educator, 
business  president,  was  born  Dec.  9.  1850, 
in  Chautauqua  county,  N.Y'.  In  1876  ho 
graduated  from  Cornell  university  with  the 
degree  of  B.S.  ;  and  was  senior  editor  of 
the  Cornell  Era.  Ho  was  superintendent  of 
schools  for  several  years.  In  1891  he  or- 
ganized the  Densmore  typewriter  company, 
of  which  corporation  he  is  president.  He  is 
greatly  interested  in  forestry  and  pomology. 
Sturgeon,  Daniel,  physician,  state  legis- 
lator. United  States  senator,  was  born  Oct. 
27,  1789,  in  Adams  county.  Pa.  In  1818  he 
was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
house  of  representatives,  serving  throe 
terms ;  and  in  1825  he  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate,  being  speaker  of  that  body  the 
last  three  years  of  his  term.  In  1830-36  he 
was  auditor-general  of  the  state ;  and  in 
1838-39  he  was  state  treasurer;  and  ended 
the  buckshot  war  by  refusing  to  honor  Gov- 
ernor Ritner's  warrant  for  payment  of  the 
troops.  In  1839-51  he  was  United  States 
senator.  In  1853-58  he  was  treasurer  of 
the  United  States  mint  at  Philadeliihia.  He 
died  July  2.  1878.   in   Uniontown,  Pa. 

Sturges,  Jonathan,  merchant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  March  24.  1802.  in  Southport. 
Conn.  He  was  distinguished  for  philan- 
thropy ;  and  was  liberal  as  a  founder  or  sup- 
porter of  many  charities  in  New  York  City. 
lie  was  at  cue  time  vice-president  of  the 
New  York  chamber  of  conunerce.  an  active 
member  of  the  Century  club,  and  a  generous 
patron  of  art.  He  died  Nov.  28,  1874.  in 
New  York  City. 

Sturges,  William  Spencer,  stockman,  pub- 
lic official,  was  born  March  3.  1856.  in  Dun- 
cans  Falls.   Ohio.     He   was  edin-ated    in   the 

public  schools  and  at 
the  college  of  Racine, 
Wis.  In  1880-87  he 
was  engaged  in  min- 
i  n  g  enterprises  i  n 
Arizona  and  since 
1887  has  boon  engaged 
in  mining  and  cattle 
raising.  Since  1894 
he  has  been  a  member 
of  the  territorial  re- 
I)ublican  conunitteo  of 
.Vrizona  :  Jind  in  1905- 
06  was  chairman  of 
that  committee.  Since  1904  ho  has  been  a 
member  of  the  national  republican  commit- 
tee of  Arizona.     He  is  chairman  of  the  live- 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Stock  board  of  Arizona ;  a  member  of  the 
Sons  of  the  American  revolution ;  and  a 
member  of  the  Loyal   legion. 

Sturges,  Mary  Upshur,  author,  poet,  was 
born  April  7,  1828,  in  Accomac  county,  Va. 
She  is  a  successful  writer  of  New  York  City, 
and  the  author  of  Confederate  Notes,  a 
novel  ;   and  a   volume  of  Poems. 

Sturgis,  Frederic  Russell,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  July  7,  1844,  in  ihe 
Philippine  islands.  He  is  a  prominent  phy- 
sician and  surgeon  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Human  Cestoids ;  and  Stu- 
dents'   Manual   of    Venereal   Diseases. 

Sturgis,  John  F.,  lawyer,  was  born  Nov. 
27,  1861,  in  East  Springfield,  Ohio.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  state  congress  from  the  fif- 
teenth  district  of   Missouri. 

vsturgis,  Jonathan,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  23,  1740,  in  Fair- 
field. Corn.  In  1785-87  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Connecticut  to  the  continental  con- 
,;;ress;  espoused  and  supported  the  cause  of 
independence  ;  and  in  1789-93  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  first  and  second  congresses. 
He  was  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Connecticut  in  1793-1805  ;  and  was  a  presi- 
dential elector  in  1797  and  1805.  He  died 
Oct.  4.  1819,  in  Fairfield,  Conn. 

Sturgis,  Julian,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  21.  1848,  in  Boston.  Mass.  He  was  the 
author  of  .John-a-Dreams ;  An  Accomplished 
Centleman  ;  Dick's  Wandering;  John  Maid- 
ment :  Thralldom  ;  My  Friends  and  I  ;  Com- 
edy of  a  Country  House ;  Master  of  For- 
tune:  After  Twenty  Years:  and  The  Folly 
of  Pf'U  Harrington.  He  died  in  1904  in 
England. 

Sturgis,  Lewis  Burr,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1762  in  Fairfield,  Conn.  In  1805-17 
he  was  a  representative  from  Connecticut  to 
the  ninth,  tenth,  eleventh,  twelfth,  thir- 
teenth and  fourteenth  congresses.  He  died 
March  30,  1844.  in  Norwalk,  Ohio. 

Sturgis,  Orin  Jones,  educator,  journalist, 
was  born  June  12,  1853.  in  Fayette  county. 
Pa.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public  schools;  attended  the 
George  Creek  academy  at  Smithlield,  the 
Bucknell  university,  and  in  1879  graduated 
from  Brown  university.  R.I.  For  several 
years  he  taught  in  the  public  schools ;  was 
postmaster  of  Uniontown  in  1884-85,  and 
during  1881-91  was  editor  and  part  owner  of 
the  Republican  Standard  of  Uniontown,  Pa. 
In  1891-92  he  was  on  the  editorial  staff  of 
the  Pittsburg  Commercial  Gazette,  and  since 
1893  has  been  managing  editor  and  pnrt  own- 
er of  the  Uniontown  News  Standard. 

Sturgis,  Russell,  soldier,  merchant,  diplo- 
mat, was  born  Aug.  3.  1831,  in  Boston.  Mass. 
He  was  United  States  consul  at  Canton,  but 
returned  to  Boston,  and  became  a  merchant 
in  that  city.  In  1862-63  he  served  as  cap- 
tain and  major  in  the  forty-fifth  Massachu- 
setts regiment.  He  has  been  actively  asso- 
ciated with  the  Young  men's  christian  asso- 
ciation since  1858;  and  was  president  of  the 


15oston  association.  He  died  Oct.  16,  1899, 
in  I'ortsmouth,  N.H. 

SturgiS;  Russell,  architect,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  16,  1836,  in  Baltimore  county,  Md. 
He  is  an  architect  of  New  York  City ;  a 
valued  authority  upon  art,  architecture,  and 
archaeology ;  and  was  decorative  art  editor 
of  the  Century  Dictionary.  He  is  the  author 
of  European  Architecture;  A  Historical 
Study  ;  Annotated  Bibliography  of  Fine  Art ; 
and    Dictionary    of    Architecture. 

Sturgis,  Samuel  Davis,  soldier,  was  born 
June  11.  1822,  in  Shippensburg,  Pa.  At  the 
opening  of  the  civil  war  he  was  in  command 
of  Fort  Smith,  Ark.  He  was  made  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers  in  1861 ;  was  as- 
signed to  the  army  of  the  Tennessee ;  and 
afterward  to  the  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Kansas.  He  was  brevetted  colonel 
for  Fredericksburg,  and  brigadier-general 
and  major-general  in  the  U.  S.  army  in  1865. 
He  died   Sept.  22.   1889.    in   St.   Paul,   Minn. 

Sturgiss,  George  Cookman,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  Hi,  1842,  in  Po- 
land, Ohio.  In  1859  he  moved  to  ]\Iorgan- 
town,  W.Va. ;  and  was  a  student  at  the 
Monongahela  academy.  In  18G3  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law;  and  during 
the  civil  war  was  a  paymaster's  clerk.  In 
1800-70  he  was  county  superintendent  of 
free  schools;  in  1870-72  was  a  member  of 
the  house  of  delegates  of  West  Virginia; 
for  eight  years  was  prosecuting  attorney  of 
his  county;  and  in  1880  was  the  republican 
nominee  for  governor  of  West  Virginia.  In 
1889  he  was  appointed  United  States  attor- 
ney for  the  district  of  West  Virginia.  He 
organized  the  ]\Iorgantown  and  Kingwood 
railroad  company;  and  in  1900  built  and 
owns  the  Sabraton  electric  railroad.  For 
four  years  he  was  president  of  the  board  of 
regfuts  of  the  West  Virginia  university; 
and  was  president  of  the  state  board  of 
trade.  In  1907-11  he  was  a  representative 
from  West  Virginia  to  the  sixtieth  and  six- 
ty-first congresses  as  a  republican. 

Sturtevant,  Edward  Lewis,  agriculturist, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1842, 
in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1881-87  he  was  in 
charge  of  the  New  York  agricultural  station 
at  (Jeneva.  Besides  making  large  contri- 
butions to  agricultural  papers,  he  edited  the 
Scientific  Farnun-  in  1870-70,  the  North 
American  Ayrshire  Register  and  the  annual 
lv(  ports  of  the  New  York  Agricultural  Ex- 
periment Station;  and  with  Joseph  N.  Stur- 
tevant, published  The  Daily  Cow.  He  died 
in   1808  in  (4eneva,  N.Y^ 

Sturtevant,  John  C,  manufacturer,  bank- 
er, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1835,  in 
S|)riiig  Township,  Pa.  In  1801-04  he  was  an 
ofiicer  iu  the  house  of  representatives  at 
liarrisburg.  I'a. ;  aiul  was  a  member  of  the 
house  of  representatives  in  ISO.'i-GG.  He  re- 
mo\('d  to  Conneautville  iu  1807:  and  was 
engaged  in  manufacturing  and  milling  until 
1888.    In   1874  he  was  appointed  cashier  of 


HKRRIXGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


381 


the  First  National  bank  of  Conneaulvilk-; 
and  in  1S75  was  elocled  picsidcnt  of  tlie 
same  bank.  In  18!)7-')9  \w  was  a  representa- 
tive to  tlie  lifty-liftb  congress  as  a  rei)ub- 
lican. 

Sturtevant,  Julian  Monson,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  20,  180.),  in  Warren, 
Conn.  He  was  professor  in  Illinois  college 
in  183U-8U.  He  was  the  author  of  Econom- 
ics, or  the  Science  of  Wealth;  and  Keys  of 
Sect.  He  died  Feb.  11,  1880,  in  Jackson- 
ville. 111. 

Stuyvesant,  Peter,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  in  1002  in  Holland.  He  entered  the 
nuteii  niililary  svrvice;  and  was  made  gov- 
ernor of  a  colony  on 
the  island  of  Curacoa. 
In  1047-0:5  he  was 
governor  of  the  col- 
ony of  New  Nether- 
lands, now  New  York. 


When        tin 


EnKlish 


#^  -  .  licet    reached    his    ter- 

'a^  ^.  ritory  in  1004,  he  was 

J»  obliged    to    surrender; 

"v?  and      was      the      last 

N  Dutch  governor  of  tne 

-p,.               ^^<^^^^  Island    of    .Manhattan. 

^^  His  title  was  captain, 
general  and  gov eriior-in-chief  of  Amsterdam 

New    N'ellieriand  and    the    Dutch    \\est 


He    died    in     li'u 


m 


New 


m 

India     islands. 

York  City. 

Stuyvesant,  Peter  Gerard,  lawyer,  found- 
er, was  born  in  1778  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  founder  of  the  New  York  histor- 
ical society,  of  which  he  was  president  in 
1830-40.  He  died  Aug.  10.  1847,  at  Niagara 
Falls,  N.^  . 

Suckley,  George,  soldier,  ])hysician  sur- 
geon, autlior.  was  Ijorn  in  hS.'JO  in  New  York 
City.  He  became  brigade  surgeon  in  1801; 
ami  in  1802-0.5  was  stall'  surgron.  I'nited 
States  vonnncers;  and  in  180.")  lie  !)ecamc 
brevet  lieuti'iiant-colon^  and  colonel,  lie 
v>as  the  autlnn-  of  Kei)nrts  on  tlie  Natural 
IHstory.  Climate,  and  Physical  (J(ograi)liy 
of  M  iinesota,  Nebraska,  Washington  anil 
Ongon  Terr  tories.  He  dicil  .Inly  :{0.  I8ti!), 
ill    New   ^'ol•k   City. 

Suckley,  Thomas  Holy,  philantliropist. 
was  born  Nov.  21,  ISd'.i.  in  New  York  City. 
Ill-  gave  large  sums  for  tlie  support  of  tin- 
ini>si((ns  of  the  mctbodist  cburcli ;  and  was 
a  benefactor  of  the  Children's  aid  sncicty, 
til'-  Mrooklyn  methodisl  e|)iscopal  hospital, 
and  the  Society  for  the  |)revention  of  cru- 
elty to  animals.  He  estaiilislii'd  llie  Mount 
Rut?>on  Home  for  Aged  .Melhodist  .Ministers 
near  l{hinei)e(k,  and  emiowed  it  liberally. 
He  dicil    Kcb.  (t.    ISSS,  in    Kliinebeck.  N.V. 

Suddards,  William,  clergynmn.  journalist. 
Wiis  born  in  180.")  in  Kiigland.  In  18:54  he 
assumed  the  n-ctorship  of  (irace  church  of 
I'hiladelphia.  He  was  for  fifteen  years  eith- 
er associate  or  sole  editor  of  The  Kpiscopiil 
Recorder;  and  also  editeil  The  British  i'ul- 
l)it.    He  died  in   Phihidcli.liia.    I'a. 


Sudds,  William  P.,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  March  5,  1843,  in  England.  His 
compositions  comprise  both  vocal  and  in- 
strumental music.  He  has  al.so  published 
National  Scliool  for  the  Piano- Forte;  and 
several  collections  of  music  in  book-form, 
including  Anthem  Gems;  and  Modern  Sa- 
cred Duets. 

Sudduth,  William  Xavier,  physician,  lec- 
turer, was  born  Jan.  18,  1853,  in  Spring- 
held.    Hi.     He    prepared   for    college   at   the 

Illinois  State  Normal 
university,  and  grad- 
uated fi-om  the  Illi- 
nois Wesleyan  univer- 
sity with  the  degree 
of  Ph.B..  subsequently 
receiving  the  degree 
of  A.Al.  from  tlie 
same  institution.  He 
attended  lect\ires  dur- 
ing the  v\'inters  of 
1883-84  in  the  college 
of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  of  New  York 
City;  and  the  medico-chirurg'cal  college  of 
riiiladelpiiia  in  1884-8.5;  and  graduating 
therefrom  in  1885.  He  then  studied  in  the 
universities  of  Berlin,  Heidelberg  and  Yi- 
enna.  He  was  a  special  lecturer  on  biologj' 
in  tiie  university  of  Iowa,  1888-8f).  in  the 
university  of  California.  1891-02,  and  in 
the  Minneajjolis  academy,  1893-9.5;  and  uni- 
versity extension  lecturer  on  biology  and 
];syclio-])hysics,  in  the  university  of  Alinne- 
sotn.  1893-95;  and  was  later  professor  of 
iii(]ii)i(l  psychology  and  psycho-iherapeutics 
and  director  of  the  psycho-physical  lai)ora- 
toiy  of  the  Post-Graduate  medical  school  of 
(  liicago;  also  superintendent  and  chief  con- 
sulting |)hysician  in  the  Sanitarium.  Lake 
Forest,  Hi.  lie  iias  retired  from  medical 
j.ract'ce;  and  is  now  extensively  engaged  in 
rancii'ng  and  farming. 

Sudwortb,  George  Bishop,  botanist,  au- 
ihor.  was  born  Aug.  31,  1802,  in  Kingston, 
Wis.  Since  1895  he  has  been  dendrologist 
in  the  division  of  forestry  of  the  I'nited 
States  departnu-nt  of  agriculture.  He  is  the 
author  of  Forest  Flora  of  the  Rocky  Moun- 
tain Region;  Forest  Flora  of  Tennessee; 
mid  otiier  works. 

Sullivan,  Alexander,  lawyer,  was  born 
.\iig.  !).  1847,  near  Watervi'lle.  .Ma'n.'.  In 
ISS.)  iie  was  elioscn  lirst  ])resident  of  the 
Ir'sli  National  league  of  .\meriea.  wiiose 
object  is  to  promote  liome  rule  in  Ireland, 
which  position  he  resigned  in  1884.  He 
devotes  his  ent're  tinu-  to  the  profession  of 
law  in  Chicago.   III. 

Sullivan,  Dennis,  eajutalist,  was  born  in 
Dcciiiiber.  IS37.  in  Rensselaer  eoiinty.  \.V. 
In  18(15  was  superintendent  ot  llie  I  iii(e(l 
Slati's  jietroleum  company;  and  in  1807  was 
agent  of  the  (^uart/.hill  gold  mining  com- 
pany. He  was  the  first  miner  in  (iilpiii 
county   to  sink   shafts  to  a  deplli   of  twelve 


382 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


hundred  feet.  In  1889  he  became  president 
of  tlie  Denver  water  company'. 

Sullivan,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Higgins,  littera- 
teur, was  born  Dec.  14,  1874,  in  Columbus, 
Neb.  She  is  a  writer  of  Omalia,  Neb.  Slie 
is  the  author  of  Out  of  The  West. 

Sullivan,  George,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1771,  in 
Durham,  N.H.  He  was  a  representative  in 
tlie  general  court  of  New  Hampshire  in 
1805-13.  In  1811-13  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  twelfth  congress;  was  a  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1814-15;  and  vins 
twenty-one  years  attorney-general  of  the 
state,  which  ollice  he  resigned  in  1836.  He 
died   June    14,    1838,    in    Exeter,    N.H. 

Sullivan,  H.  M.,  hrwyer,  jurist.  In  1898 
lie  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Nebraska. 

Sullivan,  Isaac  N.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Nov.  3,  1848,  in  Iowa.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  and  at  Adrian 
college  of  Michigan.  For  many  years  he 
practiced  law  in  Iowa  and  at  Hailey,  Ida- 
ho; and  attained  prominence  at  the  bar.  In 
1890  he  was  elected  associate  justice  of  the 
su])reme  court  of  Idaho;  was  re-elected  in 
1892,  1898,  1904  and  1908;  was  three  times 
cliief  justice;  and  is  now  serving  term  end- 
ing in  1912.  He  is  prominently  identified 
with  the  republican  party,  and  resides  in 
Hailey,  Idaho. 

Sullivan,  J.  J.,  lawj^er,  jurist.  He  was 
an  associate  justice  and  since  1903  has  been 
chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Nebraska. 

Sullivan,  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, governor,  author,  was  born  April  22, 
1744,  in  Berwick,  Maine.  In  1775  he  was  a 
member  of  the  provincial  congress.  In  177G- 
82  he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Massachusetts;  and  in  1782  he  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Massachusetts  to  the  continental 
congress;  and  was  a  member  of  the  execu- 
tive council  and  judge  of  probate.  In  171-0- 
1807  he  was  attorney-general;  and  in  1807- 
08  was  the  sixth  governor  of  Massaclmsetts. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  Land 
Titles  of  Massachusetts;  Observations  on 
the  Government  of  the  United  States;  The 
Path  to  Riches,  or  a  Dissertation  on  Banks; 
The  Altar  of  Baal  Thrown  Down,  or  the 
French  Nation  Defended;  and  Impartial  Re- 
view of  Causes  of  the  French  Revolution. 
He  died  Dec.   10,  1808,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sullivan,  James,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  13,  1873,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In 
1899-1902  he  was  instructor  in  history  at 
the  DeWitt  Clinton  high  school;  in  1902-07 
was  head  of  the  department  of  history  at 
the  high  school  of  commerce  of  New  York 
City;  and  since  1907  he  has  been  principal 
of  tlie  boys'  high  school  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
He  is  the  author  of  An  Elementary  His- 
tory of  England ;  and  The  Government  of 
New  York  state. 

Sullivan,  James  E.,  publisher,  was  born 
in  New  York  City.    He  entered  the  publish- 


ing house  of  Frank  Leslie  in  1878.  In  1889 
he  resigned  to  become  business  manager  and 
editor  of  the  New  York  Sj^orting  Times; 
and  is  now  president  of  the  American  Sports 
Publishing  company.  For  seventeen  years 
he  has  annually  edited  Spalding's  Official 
Athletic  Almanac,  and  numerous  other 
sporting  publications. 

SuUivan,  James  William,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1848  in  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  editor  of  social  reform  journals  in  1893- 
96.  He  is  the  author  of  Tenement  Tales  of 
New  York;  So  the  World  Goes;  and  Direct 
Legislation  through  the  Initiative  and  Ref- 
erendum. 

Sullivan,  Jeremiah,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  July  21,  1794,  in  Harrison- 
burg, Va.  He  served  for  some  time  as  a 
major  of  volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812.  In 
1821  he  was  elected  to  the  Indiana  legisla- 
ture, and  while  a  member  of  that  body  pro- 
posed Indianapolis  as  the  name  for  the  state 
capital.  In  1831-37  lie  was  one  of  the  fund 
commissioners  for  the  state;  in  1837  he 
was  appointed  one  of  the  judges  of  the  state 
supreme  court;  and  he  was  judge  of  the 
criminal  court  of  Jefferson  county  in  1869- 
70.  He  was  once  an  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  congress.  He  died  Dec.  0,  1870,  in  Mad- 
ison, Ind. 

Sullivan,  Jeremiah  Cutler,  soldier,  was 
born  Oct.  1,  1830.  in  .Madison,  Ind.  In  1861 
he  was  captain  in  the  sixth  regiment  In- 
diana infantry;  and  in  1862  attained  the 
r;iuk  of  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
died  Oct.  21,  1890,  in  Oakland,  Cal. 

isullivan,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Feb.  17, 
1740,  in  Somersworth,  N.H.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  major-general  in  the  revolu-. 
tionary  army.  In  1774-75  and  1780-81  he 
was  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
continental  congress.  In  1789-95  he  was  dis- 
trict judge  of  the  'United  States  district 
court.  In  1790-92  he  was  republican  gov- 
ernor of  New  Hampshire.  He  died  Jan.  23, 
1795,   in  Durham,  N.H. 

Sullivan,  John  A.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  May  10,  1868,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  Since  1896  he  has  practiced 
law  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  and  served  two  years 
as  a  memoer  of  the  Massachusetts  state 
.senate.  In  1903-07  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  fifty-eighth  and 
fifty-ninth  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Sullivan,  john  Langdon,  civil  engineer, 
physician,  inventor,  was  born  April  9,  1777, 
in  Saco,  Maine.  He  was  appointed  engineer 
of  the  first  canal  in  the  United  States,  be- 
tween Boston  harbor  and  the  INIerrimac 
river;  and  in  1814  received  a  patent  for  the 
first  steam  tow-boat.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1865, 
in    Boston,  Mass. 

Sullivan,  John  Turner  Sargent,  lawyer, 
author,  poet,  was  born  in  1813  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  wrote  several  well-known  songs ; 
and  he,  besides  the  memoir  of  his  father, 
[lublished    translations    of    stories    from    the 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


383 


German,    lie  died  Dec.  31,   1849,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Sullivan,  Mrs.  Margaret  Frances,  jour- 
nalist, aiilhor,  was  born  in  Ireland.  She 
married  Alex^ider  Sullivan,  a  lawyer  of 
Chicago,  111.  She  was  literary  and  art  ed- 
itor of  the  Chicago  Tribune;  and  an  editor- 
ial contributor  to  the  press  of  New  York. 
She  was  author  of  Ireland  of  To-Day;  and 
.Me.vico,  Picturesque,  Political  and  I'rogres- 
sive.     She  died  in  1903  in  Chicago,  111. 

Sullivan,  Peter  John,  soldier,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  .March  15,  1821,  in  Ire- 
land. He  served  through  the  ^Mexican  war, 
attaining  the  rank  of  major;  and  at  its 
close  was  appointed  an  official  stenographer 
in  the  U.  S.  senate.  He  was  brcvetted  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers  in  180.5,  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services;  and  immedi 
ately  after  was  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  minister  to  the  United  States  of 
Colombia,  serving  till  1869.  He  was  the 
author  of  tlic  Don  Felix  Letters,  or  Pen- 
Portraits  of  Members  of  the  Bar.  He  died 
March  2.  1S83,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Sullivan,  Thomas  Crook,  soldier,  was  born 
Nov.  14,  1833,  in  Montgomery  county,  Ohio. 
He  was  brigadier-general  and  commissary- 
general  of  subsistence  in  the  United  States 
army;  and  was  retired  in  1S!)7.  Ho  served 
in  the  army  through  all  grades  of  the  com- 
missioned officer  until  retired  by  operation 
of  law.    Uv  died  in   1908  in  Troy,  Ohio. 

Sullivan,  Thomas  Russell,  educator,  cler- 
gyman,  author,  was  born  in  1799  in  Brook- 
line,  Mass.  In  1825-3.5  he  was  a  unitarian 
clergyman  of  Keene,  N.H. ;  and  in  1835-()2 
an  educator  of  Boston.  He  was  the  author 
of  Letters  Against  the  Immediate  Abolition 
of  Slavery;  and  Limits  of  Responsibility  in 
Reforms.  He  died  Dec.  23,  1802,  in  Somer- 
ville,  -Mass. 

Sullivan,  Thomas  Russell,  dramatist,  au- 
thor, was  burn  Nov.  21,  1849,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  a  novelist  of  Boston.  He  is 
the  author  of  Tom  Sylvester;  Roses  of 
Shadow;  Day  and  Night  Stories;  and  sev- 
eral  |)lays. 

Sullivan,  Timothy  D.,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman. He  is  a  theatrical  manager;  and 
has  been  a  nuMuber  of  the  New  York  state 
senate.  In  1903-05  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fifty- 
ninth,  sixtieth,  si.xty-first,  sixty-second  and 
sixty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Sullivan,  William,  lawyer,  state  jegisla- 
lor,  author,  was  born  Nov.  30,  1774,  in 
Saco,  .Maiiu'.  He  was  freipU'iitiy  a  member 
of  tlie  Massacliusctts  legislature  and  coun- 
cil betwefu  l.St)4-3n.  lie  was  also  a  briga- 
dier-general of  militia,  lie  was  the  author 
of  Familiar  Letters  on  Public  .Men  of  the 
INvohitioii :  llist<Mical  Causes  and  KlVects; 
and  Sea  Lif.-.  lie  died  S.'i)t.  3.  18.39.  in 
J>os(on.   Mass. 

Sullivan,  Will  Van  Amberg,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman,  Ignited    States   senator,   was   born 


Dec.   18,  1857,  near  Winona,  Miss.    He  was 

educated  in  the  pub- 
lic schools;  at  the 
university  of  Missis- 
sippi; in  1875  gradu- 
ated from  Vanderbnt 
university.  He  was 
reared  on  a  farm  in 
Panola  county.  Miss., 
and  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  1875. 
He  has  been  a  mem- 
J^ .  ber    of    the    board    of 

aldermen  and  a  school 
trustee  of  Oxford, 
iMiss.  In  1897-98  he  was  representative 
from  Mississippi  to  the  lifty-fifth  congress; 
and  in  1898-1901  was  a  member  of  the 
United  States  si'uate  to  till  a  vacancy.  He 
has  been  a  meniber  of  the  county  and  dis- 
trict democratic  committee;  a  nienil)er  of 
two  national  conventions;  and  in  1890-1900 
was  a  member  of  the  democratic  national 
ct)nuuitlt'e. 

Sullivant,  Michael  Lucas,  farmer,  was 
born  Aug.  ti,  18tl7,  in  Franklinton,  Ohio.  In 
1854  he  honsht  eighty  thousaad  acres  of 
land  in  Illinois,  and  engaged  in  farming 
on  a  larger  scale  than  had  ever  been  at- 
tempted before.  Pie  introduced  new  meth- 
ods and  improved  machinery  on  his  farm 
of  Broadlands.  but,  meeting  with  reverses, 
he  soUl  i)art  of  his  property  and  retired  to 
his  farm  of  forty  thousand  acres  at  Burr 
Oaks,  111.  He  died  Jan.  29,  1879,  in  Hen- 
derson, Ky. 

Sullivant,  William  Starling,  botanist,  au- 
(lior,  was  born  -Ian.  15,  1803,  near  Frank- 
linton, Ohio.  He  was  the  author  of  JMusci 
Alleghanienses;  Musci  Cubenses;  Iconcs 
iMuscorum;  and  Musci  and  Ilepaticte  of  the 
United  States  East  of  the  Mississippi.  He 
died  April  30.  1873,  near  Columbus,  Ohio. 

SuUoway,  Cyrus  Adams,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  June  8, 
1839,  in  Grafton,  N.H.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  Hampshire  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1872-73  and  1887-93.  In  1895-1911 
lie  was  a  representative  from  New  Hamp- 
shire to  the  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty- 
sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth  and  sixly-lirst  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Sully,  Alfred,  soldier,  was  born  in  1821 
in  Pliiladeli)hia,  Pa.  He  served  through  the 
.Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadit-r-geueral.  He  died  April  17, 
1879,  in  Fort  Vancouver,  Wash. 

Sully,  Alfred,  lawyer,  banker,  railroad 
president,  was  iiorn  .May  2,  1841,  in  Ottawa. 
Canatla.  In  l8()2-72  he  practiced  law  in 
Davenport,  Iowa;  and  in  1872-70  was  en- 
gaged as  a  banker  in  New  York  City.  In 
IS7(i  he  became  largely  interested  in  build- 
in''  and  operating  the  .Manhattan  beach 
railroad;  and  has  since  l)een  successively 
l)resident  of  the  Ohio  southern  railroad  com- 


384 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


For 
with 
com- 


pany, the  Richmond  and   Danviile   railroad 
company,    the    Richmond-West    Point     ter- 
minal ;    and    various    other    railroads, 
several   years    he   was   also    connected 
the  Philadelphia  and  Reading  railroad 
pany  and  its  reorganization. 

SiiUy,  Daniel  Sullivan,  actor,  playwright, 
was  born  Nov.  6,  1855,  in  Newport,  R.I. 
He  was  a  dancer  from  boyhood;  and  in 
1875  went  on  the  stage  as  a  specialty  per- 
former. He  wrote  and  produced  The  Cor- 
ner Grocery;  Capital  Prize;  The  Chief  Jus- 
tice; and  Our  Pastor. 

Sully,  Thomas,  artist,  author,  was  born 
June  8,  1783,  in  England.  He  was  a  distin- 
guished portrait  painter  of  Philadelphia. 
He  was  author  of  Hints  to  Young  Painters. 
He  died  Nov.  5.  1872,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Sulzbacher,  Louis,  lawyer,  jurist,  Avas 
born  May  10,  1842 
vras  justice  of  the 
Rico;  and  in  1904-07  was  United  States 
judge  of  llie  western  district  of  Indian  ter- 
ritory. 

Sumerlin,  Adolf,  journalist,  state  legis- 
latiir,  was  l)orn  .\ii,u.  24.  1851.  in  Keosauqua. 
Iowa.     He  was  an  editor  and   litterateur  of 

Shelbyville.    111.       He 


in  Bavaria.    In  1904  he 
supreme  court  of   Porto 


■^^^ 


^ 


— 1      practiced       1  a  w       i  n 

jjt/tS^  Springfield.     I\Io..     and 

"         W^  in  1878  moved  to  Mat- 

^1  toon,   111.      Since   1872 

I  lir^     1^  »  he   has  been   editor  of 

the    Commercial.      He 
was    twice    nominated 
for    the    Illinois    state 
j         ^^\   ,    J^j^  legislature  ;  served  two 

l^^^fl^lJj^^^H^      terms  as  assistant  su- 
y^^Hj^^Sl^^^l  terms 

the  board  of  supervis- 
ors ;  one  term  as  overseer  of  the  poor;  and 
in  1886  was  democratic  nominee  for  county 
judge.  He  was  also  nominee  for  city  attor- 
ney  and   was  a   candidate   for  congress. 

Sulzer,  William,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  18,  1803,  in  Eliz- 
alicili.   \.J.    lb'   was  educated  in  the   public 

schools,     studied     law 

and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1884.  and 
is  a  well-known  law- 
yer of  New  York  City, 
lie  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  in 
1889-94;"  in  1892  he 
was  the  leader  of  the 
majority  of  the  as- 
sembly, and  in  1893 
lie  was  s])eaker  of  tlie 
assembly.  In  1894  he 
was  the  leader  of  tlie 
innionty  ot  ilic  assembly.  In  1895-1911  lie 
was  a  rt']Mesentative  to  the  fifty-fourth, 
lifty-linii.  tifty-sixth,  fifty-seventl'i.  lifty- 
eiglith,  lifty-nintli,  sixtieth  and  sixty-lirst 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  As  a  lawyer  and 
legislator  he  has  won  considerable  fame  and 
reputation,    and    has    bi-en     identilied    with 


some  of  the  most  important  cases  tried  in 
New  York  City.  He  has  introduced  and 
passed  some  of  the  best  laws  for  the  people 
in  recent  years;  and  is  an  able  and  eloquent 
Jegishitor.  « 

Sumerville,  Alexander,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1820  in  Maryland.  In  1839  he  was  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general ;  and  commanded  an 
lu'successful  expedition  to  Mexico  in  1842. 
In  1842-45  he  was  collector  of  customs  for 
the  district  of  Matagorda.  He  died  in  1854. 
vaummerbell,  Martyn,  clergyman,  lectur- 
er, college  president,  author,  was  born  Dec. 
20.  1847,  in  Naples,  N.Y.  He  has  filled  im- 
portant pastorates  in  Brooklyn  and  New 
York  City;  in  1888-90  was  pastor  of  the 
College  church  of  Bates  college  of  Lewiston. 
Maine ;  and  in  1898  became  president  of 
Starkey  seminary  at  Lakemont,  N.Y.  Since 
1896  he  has  been  a  lecturer  on  church  his- 
tory in  the  Divinity  school  of  Lewiston.  He 
is  the  author  of  Minister's  Hand-Book  ;  and 
is  part  author  of  People's  Bible  History. 

Stuart,  C.  B.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1895-06 
he  was  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  for  the  Indian  territory. 

Summer,  Edwin  Bose,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  16,  1835,  in  Carlisle,  Pa.  In  1861  he 
entered  the  army  as  second-lieutenant  of 
the  first  cavalry;  and  became  captain  in 
1863.  He  served  from  major  to  colonel  in 
the  first  New  Y'ork  mounted  rifles;  and  in 
1863-65  was  a  brigadier-general  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  volunteers.  He  then  returned  to 
legular  duty;  became  major  in  1879  and 
colonel  of  the  seventh  cavalry  in  1894;  in 
1898-99  he  served  as  brigadier-general;  and 
was  retired  in  1899  from  active  service. 
He  received  several  brevets  for  gallantry 
in  the  civil  war;  and  participated  in  the 
Modoc,  Nez  Perces  and  Bannock  Indian 
wars. 

Summerfield,  John,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  31,  1798,  in  England,  In 
1821  he  came  to  New  York,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  metliodist 
conference  of  that 
state.  In  1822  he  vis- 
ited Philadelphia, 
Baltimore  and  ^Vash- 
ington,  his  eloquence 
everywhere  arousing 
enthusiasm.  He  was 
a  delegate  to  the  an- 
niversary meeting  of 
the  protestant  Bible 
society  in  Paris, 
France.  In  1824  he 
formed  many  mis- 
sionary societies  in  the  United  States;  and 
founded  the  AnuM'ican  tract  society.  He 
v.as  a  constant  contributor  to  religious  lit- 
cratui'e.  He  was  the  author  of  Sernuins 
and  Sketches  of  Sermons,  which  were 
fiosthumouslv  ])ublished.  He  died  June  13, 
1825.   in   New    York   City. 

Summerfield,  Marcus,  educator,  lawyer, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1842,  in  Prussia.  He  re- 
leived    his    education     in    Germany;      from 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


3S5 


private  tutors  in  the  United  States;  and 
in  18G4  graduated  in  medicine  from  tlie 
medical  colleges  of  Cincinnati  and  New- 
York  City.  In  1809  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  and  for  ten  years  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  law  in  the  law  school,  university 
of  Kansas;  in  which  state  he  practices  his 
profession    at    Lawrence. 

Summers,  Augustus  Neander,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  horn  June  13,  18.5(3,  in  Shelby,  Ohio. 
In  18!}4-1!M)4  he  was  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Ohio  for  the  second  circuit;  and 
since  1904  has  been  judge  of  the  supreme 
court   of   Ohio. 

Summers,  George  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  near  Alex- 
andria, Va.  In  1830  he  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  delegates,  and  contin- 
ued to  represent  Kanawha  county  in  the 
legislature  for  several  years.  In  1841-45 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-sev- 
enth and  twenty-eighth  congresses.  In  1851 
he  was  unanimously  nominated  as  the  whig 
candidate  for  governor  at  the  first  elec- 
tion of  tile  governor  by  the  people.  In 
1852-58  he  was  judge  of  the  eighteenth 
judicial  circuit  in  Virginia.  He  was  a  del- 
egate to  the  peace  congi'ess  of  1861.  He 
died    in    Mrginia. 

Summers,  John  Edward,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  24,  1822,  in  Virginia.  In  1848,  he  serv- 
ed in  the  war  with  Mexico;  in  1852  was 
assistant  surgeon;  and  in  1861-G5  served 
through  the  civil  war  as  medical  inspector 
with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel.  In 
1874-8G  he  was  medical  director  of  the  de- 
partment of  the  Platte;  and  in  1885  be- 
came surgeon  with  the  rank  of  colonel. 
In  1886  he  was  retired;  and  in  1904  was 
advanced  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general 
in  the  United  States  army.  He  died  in 
1908. 

Summers,  Owen,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Canada,  in  1898  he  was  colonel  in  the  sec- 
ond regiment  Oregon  infantry;  and  in  1865 
was  bre vetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. He  was  honorably  mustered  out  in 
1899. 

Summers,  Thomas  Osmond,  was  born 
Oct.  11,  1812,  in  England.  In  1874  he  be- 
came professor  of  systematic  theology  in 
Vanderbilt  university  of  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
and  ex-o(Iicio  pastor  of  the  institution. 
He  wag  the  author  of  Commentary  on  the 
Gospels,  Acts  and  Ritual  of  the  Methodist 
Church  South ;  Treatise  on  Baptism ;  On 
Holiness;  and  Talks  Pleasant  and  Profita- 
ble.   He   died   in    1882   in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Summers,  William  Douglas,  lawyer,  was 
born  Nov.  10,  1862,  in  Kentucky.  He 
taught  school  for  a  while,  and  in  1882 
moved  to  Harri-iville,  Mo.,  and  two  years 
later  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He  is  now 
one  of  the  ablest  and  most  learned  law- 
ye'rs  of  Missouri;  takes  a  prominent  part 
in  political  affairs,  and  ranks  lii^li  in  vari- 
ous   fraternal    ordrrs. 

Summers,  William  Thomas,  banktr, 
founder,  was  born  May  29,  1867,  in  Ottum- 


wa,  Iowa.  He  organized  and  became  pres- 
ident of  the  first  national  bank  that  was 
cluutered  in  Alaska.  He  is  now  president 
of  the  Union  national  bank  of  San  Luis 
Obispo;  and  president  of  the  First  national 
bank   of    Paso   Robles,   Cal. 

Summers,  Williamson  Shaw,  lawyer,  pub- 
lic ollicial,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1860,  in  Adams 
county,  Oiiio.  He  received  the  rudiments 
of  his  education  in  the  public  schools;  and 
graduated  from  Cornell  college,  from  the 
Iowa  state  university  and  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Michigan.  In  1891-95  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  attorney-general's  office  for 
Nebraska;  in  1893-99  was  professor  in  the 
law  department  of  the  university  of  Ne- 
braska; and  in  1898-1904  he  w^as  United 
States  attorney  for  Nebraska.  He  is  now 
engaged  in  the  general  practice  of  law  in 
Omaha,  Neb. 

Summerville,  Joseph  James,  journalist, 
clergyman,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1844,  in  Mil- 
ford,  N.J.  He  received  a  thorough  educa- 
tion and  graduated 
with  the  degree  of 
D.D.  He  is  an  emi- 
nent clergjnnan  of 
Dayton,  Ohio.  For 
eighteen  years  he  was 
an  associate  editor 
and  editor  of  the  Her- 
ald of  Gospel  Lib- 
erty. He  was  a  de- 
nominational officer; 
and  at  present  is  a 
lecturer  on  theology 
in  the  Union  chris- 
tian college  of  Dayton,  Ohio.  He  has  been 
a  member  of  the  national  board;  and  a 
trustee  of  the  Christian  biblical  institute. 
He  is  the  aiitlior  of  various  denominational 
books. 

Summey,  George,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  June  3,  1853,  in  Aslieville, 
N.C.  In  1892-1902  lie  was  chancellor  of  the 
Southwestern  presbyterian  university  of 
Clarksvillc,  Tenn.;  since  1887  has  been  ed- 
itor of  the  Presbyterian  Quarterly;  and 
since  1903  has  filled  a  pastorate  in  New 
Orleans,   La. 

Sumner,  Charles,  journalist,  lawyer, 
I  nited  States  senator,  author,  was  born 
.Ian.   6,    1811.   in    Boston,   Mass.    He   was   a 

distinguished  Massa- 
chusetts statesman ; 
and  in  1851-75  he 
was  United  States 
senator.  He  was  a 
fearless  opponent  of 
slavery;  and  in  con- 
sequence of  this  at- 
titude of  his.  was 
assaulted  in  the  sen- 
ate chamber  by  Pres- 
ton Brooks  of  South 
Carolina,  in  1856,  and 
severely  injured.  He 
was  tlie  author  of  Tlie  True  (irandeur  of 
Nations;    and    Prophetic   Voices   Concerning 


386 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


the 
He 
and 
ing 


Sumner, 
thor,  poet, 
setts.     He 


America.  His  complete  works,  including 
his  many  orations  and  speeches,  have  been 
issued  in  fifteen  volumes.  He  died  March 
11,   1874,  in  Wasliington,  D.C. 

Sumner,  Charles  Allen,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Aug.  2,  1835,  in  Great  Barring- 
ton,  Mass.  During  the  war  he  served  as 
a  captain  in  the  second  Massachusetts  vol- 
unteer infantry;  and  was  colonel  of  the 
iirst  Xevada  infantry.  In  1883-85  he  was 
a  representative  from  California  to  the  for- 
ty-eighth congress.  Prior  to  his  term  of 
service  in  congress  lie  was  a  member  of 
the  Nevada  state  senate  during  1864-68, 
latter  year  as  president  of  the  senate, 
is  a  stenographer  of  San  Francisco; 
the  author  of  Shorthand  and  Report - 
Golden  Gate  Sketches;  Travels  in 
So"uthern  Europe;  and  a  volume  of  Poems. 
Sumner,  Charles  Fletcher,  physician,  leg- 
islator, jurist,  genealogist,  author,  was  born 
Marcli  28,  1817,  in  Hebron,  Conn.  For  three 
terms  this  eminent  physician  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Connecticut  state  legislature; 
and  probate  judge  for  two  terms.  He  was 
the  author  of  Bolton  Town  History;  and 
other  historical  works.  He  died  in  Connec- 
ticut. 

Charles  Pinckney,  lawyer,  au- 
was  born  in  1766  in  Massachu- 
was  a  lawyer  of  Boston;  and 
high  sherilT  of  Suffolk  county  in  1825-30. 
He  was  the  author  of  Eulogy  on  Wash- 
ington; The  Compass;  and  Letters  on 
Speculative  Masonry.  He  died  in  1839  in 
Boston,  ^lass. 

Sumner,  Daniel  H.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Sept.  15,  1837,  in  Malone,  N.Y. 
In  1871  he  settled  at  Waukesha,  Wis.; 
and  in  1875-77  was  district  attorney.  In 
1883-85  he  was  a  representative  from  Wis- 
consin  to  the  forty-eighth  congress. 

Sumner,  Edwin  Vose,  soldier,  governor, 
was  born  Jan.  30,  1797,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
the  Mexican  war;  was 
governor  of  New 
Mexico  in  1851-53; 
and  in  1861  was  ap- 
pointed a  brigadier- 
general  in,  the  regu- 
hir  army.  He  served 
in  a  score  of  battles 
and  engagements.  He 
was  made  a  major- 
general  in  the  regu- 
lar army  for  services 
before  Richmond ; 
and  was  retired  from 
active  service.  He 
died    :\Iardi    21.    1863.   in   Syracuse,   N.Y. 

Sumner,  Edwin  Vose,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  16.  1835.  in  Carlisle,  Pa.  In  1861  he 
was  ap])ointed  from  New  York  second  lieu- 
tciKUit  in  tlie  first  United  States  cavalry; 
and  in  1863  was  honorably  mustered  out 
of  volunteer  service.  In  1863  he  was  a  cap- 
tain in  the  United  States  army;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.    In    18!)!)  he  Avas   honorably  dis- 


He  was  a  major  in 


charged  from  volunteers  with  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  in  the  United  States 
army. 

Sumner,  George,  educator,  physician,  au 
tiior,  was  born  Dec.  19,  1793,  in  Pomfret, 
Conn.  He  was  professor  of  botany  at  Trin- 
ity college  in  1824-55.  He  was  the  author 
of  Compendium  of  Physiological  and  Sys- 
tematic Botany.  He  died  Feb.  20,  1855,  in 
Hartford,   Conn. 

;3umner,  George,  political  economist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  5,  1817,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  lectured  extensively  on  philan- 
tln-opic  subjects;  and  contributed  to  the 
North  American  and  the  Democratic  re- 
views and  to  French  and  German  period- 
icals. His  advocacy  of  the  system  of  soli- 
tary confinement  in  prisons  led  to  its  adop- 
tion in  French  penitentiaries,  which  fur- 
nished the  subject  for  a  pamphlet  entitled 
rile  Pennsylvania  System  of  Prison  Dis- 
cipline Triumphant  in  France.  He  died  Oct. 
6,  1863.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sumner,  George  Watson,  soldier,  was  born 
Dec.  31,  1841,  in  Constantine,  Mich.  He  was 
educated  in  the  schools  of  Massachusetts 
and  Kentucky;  and  in  1858-61  attended 
tlie  naval  academy.  In  1862  he  was  ap- 
pointed lieutenant;  became  lieutenant- 
commander  in  1866;  was  promoted  to  com- 
mander in  1876;  attained  the  rank  of  cap- 
tain in  1891;  and  was  made  rear-admiral 
in  1899.  During  the  civil  war  he  took  part 
in  the  bombardment  of  Forts  Jackson  and 
St.  Philip;  and  subsequently  forced  the 
confederate  iron-clads  to  retreat  up  the 
James  river.  In  1897-99  he  was  captain  of 
the  navy  yard  at  New  York;  in  1899-I90I 
was  commandant  at  Port  Royal,  S.C. ;  and 
in  1902-04  was  commandant  of  the  White 
squadron.  He  has  now  retired  from  active 
service;    and  resides   in  Patchogue,  N.Y. 

Sumner,  Increase,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  governor,  was  born  Nov.  27,  1746. 
in  Roxbury,  JNIass.  He  was  a  state  repre- 
sentative in  1776-80;  and  a  state  senator 
in  1780-82.  He  was  an  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Massachusetts  in 
1782-97.  He  was  the  third  governor  of 
^lassachusetts  in  1797-99.  He  died  June  7, 
1799.  in   Roxbury.  :\Iass. 

Sumner,  Jethro,  soldier,  was  born  in  1730 
in  Virginia.  He  served  throughout  the  rev- 
olutionary war;  and  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general.  He  died  in  1790  in  War- 
reii   county,  N.C. 

Sumner,  john,  soldier,  founder,  was  born 
in  jMay,  1735,  in  Middletown,  Conn.  At 
tlie  opening  of  the  revolution  he  was  a 
zealous  patriot  and  he  entered  the  colonial 
army  in  June,  1776.  being  commissioned 
major  in  a  battalion  of  which  John  Durkee 
was  colonel,  and  continued  in  the  service. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  society 
of  the  Cincinnati.  Ho  died  in  February, 
1787. 

Sumner,  Samuel  Storrow,  soldier,  was 
born  Feb.  6,  1S42,  in  Carlisle.  Pa.  In  1861 
he  was  second  lieutenant  in  the  second  cav- 


HERRTNGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


387 


airy;  in  1862  became  captain;  and  served 
in  numerous  battles  and  skirmishes.  In 
1879  he  became  major  of  the  eighth  United 
States  cavalry;  in  1891  attained  the  rank 
of  lieutenant-colonel;  and  in  189t)  became 
colonel.  In  1894  he  was  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers;  became  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers the  same  year;  and  in  1901  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general  Unit- 
ed  States  army. 

Sumner,  William  Graham,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  Avas  born  Oct.  30,  1840,  in 
P'aterson,  X.J.    In   1863  he  graduated  from 

Yale  university; 
studied  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Gottingen, 
Germany;  and  at  Ox- 
ford, England;  and 
received  the  honorary 
degree  of  LL.D.  from 
the  university  of  East 
Tennessee.  He  took 
orders  in  the  protest- 
ant  episcopal  church; 
was  an  assistant  in 
Calvary  church  of 
"^  Xew  York;    and  until 

1872  was  rector  of  the  church  of  the  Re- 
deemer of  ]Morristown,  N.J.  In  1866-69  he 
was  a  tutor;  and  since  1872  has  been  a 
professor  of  medical  and  social  science  at 
Yale  university.  He  is  especially  prominent 
as  a  free  trader  and  advocate  of  the  gold 
standard.  He  is  the  author  of  A  History 
of  American  Currency;  Collected  Essays  in 
Politcal  and  Social  Science;  Protectionism; 
J.,ives  of  Andrew  Jackson,  Alexander  Ham- 
ilton, and  Robert  ^lorris;  and  Folkways. 

Sumner,  William  Hyslop,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  author,  was  born  July  4, 
1780,  in  Roxbury.  He  was  one  of  the  orig- 
inal members  of  the  Massachusetts  Horti- 
cultural society.  He  was  the  author  of  An 
Inquiry  into  the  Im])ortance  of  the  Militia; 
Observations  on  National  Defence;  Rem- 
iniscences; Memoir  of  Increase  Sumner, 
Governor  of  Massachusetts;  Reminiscences 
of  General  Warren  and  Bunker  Hill;  His- 
torv  of  East  Boston;  and  Reminiscences  of 
Lafayette's  Visit  to  Boston.  He  died  Oct. 
24,  lS(il,  in  Jamaica  Plains,  Mass. 

Sumter,  Thomas,  soldier,  diplomat.  Ignit- 
ed States  senator,  was  born  July  14,  1736, 
in  X'irjiiiiia.  He  was  a  distinguished  soldier 
-£  of  the  American  rev- 
olution; and  was  a 
citi/eu  of  South  Car- 
olina. He  was  j)r() 
nu)ted,  in  1780,  from 
the  odice  of  colonel 
to  that  of  brigadier- 
general.  For  liis  serv- 
ices he  receive<i  the 
tiianks  of  congress 
and  the  applause  of 
his  country.  In  17H'.)- 
93  and  1797-IS(I3  be 
was  a  re|)r<'seiitative 
to    the    (irst,   second. 


from    Soutli    Carolina 


llfth,  sixth  and  seventh  congresses;  and  in 
1801-11  he  was  United  States  senator.  In 
1809  he  was  appointed  minister  to  Brazil; 
and  was  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
senate.  He  died  June-  1,  1832,  near  Cam- 
den, S.C. 

Sumner,  Hatton  W.,  congressman,  lawyer, 
was  born  May  30,  1875,  in  Lincoln  county, 
Tenn.  He  has  been  prosecuting  attorney  of 
his  county.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Texas  to  the  sixty-third  con- 
gress. 

Sumter,  Thomas  D.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1839-43  he  was 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  congress- 
es.   He  died  in  Statesburg,  S.C. 

Sunderland,  Byron,  educator,  clergyman, 
chaplain,  was  born  Nov.  22,  1819,  in  Shore- 
bam,  Vt.  In  1843-51  he  was  pastor  of  the 
presbyterian  church  of  Syracuse,  N.Y.;  and 
in  1.S98  retired  as  pastor  emeritus  for  life. 
In  1861-64  and  1873-79  he  was  chaplain  of 
tlie  United  States  senate. 

Sunderland,  Eliza  Read,  educator,  lectur- 
er, autlior,  was  born  in  1839  in  Huntsville, 
HI.  In  1889  she  graduated  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Michigan 
where  she  received 
the  honorary  degree 
of  Ph.D.  Slie  is  the 
wife  of  Jabez  T. 
Sunderland,  clergy- 
man. She  has  been  a 
teacher  in  the  high 
schools  of  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich,  and  Chicago,  111. 
and  was  principal 
of  the  high  school  of 
Aurora,  111.  She  has 
()reaolied  and  lectured 
extensively  and  is  a  contributor  to  periodi- 
cals. She  is  the  author  of  Stories  from 
Genesis;  Heroes  and  Heroines;  and  Centen- 
nial   Mi'morial    to    James    ^fartineau. 

Sunderland,  Jabez  Thomas,  clergyman, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  Feb.  11.  1842, 
in  England.  He  is  a  distinguished  clergy- 
man of  the  unitarian 
church;  and  founder 
and  in  1886-95  was 
editor  of  the  I^nitari- 
an  Monthly.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  Ra- 
fional  Faith:  What 
Is  the  Bible?:  The 
Liberal  C  h  r  i  s  t  i  a  n 
-Ministry:  H  o  m  e 

Travel  in  B  i  b  1  e 
Lands;  The  Bible,  Its 
Orifjin  and  Place 
Among  the  Sacred 
Books  of  the  Wdild:  ()tlio<loxy  and  Reviv- 
alism; and  The  Spark  in  the  Clod,  or  Evo- 
lution   and    I\eIi;.non. 

Sunderland,  James  Warren,  pliysieian.  ed- 
ucator, founder,  was  born  Feb.  19.  1813,  in 
Wickfonl,  R.I.  He  was  the  lirst  to  see  the 
need    of    a    hrgli    grade    college    for   women; 


388 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


and  in  1851  opened  the  doors  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania female  college.  He  is  consequently 
known  as  the  founder  of  the  first  college 
in  the  world  for  the  higher  education  of 
women  exclusively.  He  died  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Sunderland,  Le  Roy,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  May  18,  1802,  in  Exeter,  R.I.  He 
was  a  zealous  methodist  preacher;  and  af- 
ter 1845  an  opponent  of  Christianity,  slav- 
ery, spiritualism,  and  mormonism.  He  was 
the  author  of  History  of  South  America; 
Book  of  Human  Nature;  Book  of  Psychol- 
ogy; The  Trance,  and  How  Introduced;  An- 
ti-Slavery Manual,  and  Mormonism  Ex- 
posed. He  died  May  15,  1885,  in  Quincy, 
Mass. 

Sunderland,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1821  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind.  After 
securing  a  large  fortune,  he  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law.  He  became  cliief  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  California.  He  died 
Oct.  9,  1886,  in  New  York  City. 

Super,  Charles  William,  educator,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Sept.  12,  1842, 
in  Pottsville,  Pa.  In  1866  he  received  the 
*"  degree    of    A.B.    from 

Dickenson  college  at 
Carlisle,  Pa.,  and  has 
received  the  lionorary 
degree  of  Ph.D.  from 
the  Illinois  Wesley- 
an  university,  A.M. 
from  Syracuse  uni- 
versity, and  LL.D. 
from  Dickenson  col- 
lege. In  1869  71  he 
studied  in  Germany; 
and  in  1878-79  stud- 
_  ied    law.      In    1872-78 

he  was  professor  of  languages  in  tlie  Cin- 
cinnati Wesleyan  college.  Since  1892  he 
has  been  professor  of  Greek;  in  1883-84  he 
was  acting  president;  and  in  1884-1901  was 
president  of  the  Ohio  university.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  A  History  ot  Modern  Languages; 
Between  Heathenism  and  Christianity; 
Wisdom  and  Will  in  Education;  The  Liberal 
Education;  and,  Plutarch  on  Education. 
-  Super,  Ovando  Byron,  educator,  author, 
was  born  JMarch  2,  1848,  near  Newport,  Pa. 
Since  1900  he  has  been  professor  of  ro- 
mance languages  in  Dickinson  college  of 
Carlisle,  Pa.  He  is^  the  author  of  French 
Reader;  German  'Reader;  Histoire  de 
ii ranee;   and  La  Fontaine's  Fables. 

Suplee,  Henry  Harrison,  mechanical  en- 
gineer, journalist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  23, 
1856,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  a  mechan- 
ical engineer  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and  since 
1897  has  been  mechanical  and  technical 
editor  of  the  Engineering  Magazine  of  New 
York  City.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
tlie  Pennsylvania  society  of  New  York.  He 
is  the  autiior  of  Mechanical  Engineer's  Ref- 
erence B();)k. 

Suplee,  Thomas  Danly,  educator,  author, 
was    born    April    17,    1846,   in    Philadelphia. 


In  1885  he  ■  became  rector  of  Courtlandt 
place  school  of  Lakewood,  N.J.  He  is  the 
author  of  Frank  Muller,  or  Labor  and  Its 
Fruits;  Pebbles  from  the  Fountain  of  Cas- 
ta lia;  Poems;  Plain  Talks;  Riverside,  a 
romance;  and  Civil  Government  under  the 
United   States    Constitution. 

Surette,  Thomas  Whitney,  lecturer,  mu- 
sician, composer,  author,  was  born  Sept.  7, 
1862,  in  Concord,  Mass.  In  1909  he  was  ap- 
pointed staff  lecturer  on  music  in  Oxford 
university.  He  has  composed' the  operetta 
Priscilla;  the  chorus  and  orchestra  entitled 
the  Eve  of  St.  Agnes;  Let  God  Arise,  a 
Uianksgiving  anthem  for  the  close  of  the 
Spanish-American  war;  and  many  other 
pieces  for  the  piano,  violin,  orchestra  and 
voice.  He  is  part  author  of  The  Apprecia- 
tion of  Music. 

Surface,  Harvey  Adam,  educator,  scientist, 
author,  was  born  July  25,  1867,  near 
Waynesville,  Ohio.  He  taught  district 
school;  was  assistant  in  geology  at  the 
Ohio  state  university;  and  served  on  the 
Ohio  geological  survey.  Since  1903  he  has 
been  economic  zoologist  for  the  state  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  author  of  Mono- 
graphs on  Mollusca  of  Ohio;  Geology  of 
Oiiio;  Ganie  Birds  of  New  York;  and  Na- 
ture Study  by  [Months  and  Grades. 

Surpless,  Thomas  J.,  lawyer,  legislator, 
was  born  Dec.  23,  1877,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
Ho  was  educated  in  tlie  public  schools  of 
liis  native  city;  and  subsequently  graduated 
from  Cornell  university  of  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He 
soon  attained  success  in  the  practice  of  law; 
and  lias  filled  several  positions  of  trust 
and  lionor.  Since  1906  he  lias  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York  state  assembly. 

Suter,  Charles  Russell,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1858  he  graduated  from 
West  Point;  in  1862  Avas  promoted  second 
lieutenant;  and  served  through  the  various 
grades  of  lieutenant,  captain,  major  and 
colonel;  and  in  1906  was  retired  as  briga- 
dier-general. He  received  the  brevets  of 
captain  and  major  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  during  the  civil  war. 

Sutherland,  Allan,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  30.  1871,  in  Scotland.  He  is 
tae  author  of  Famous  Hymns  of  the  World, 
Their   Origin   and   Their  Romance. 

Sutherland,  Arthur  Eugene,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Sept.  20,  1862,  in  Geneva,  N.Y. 
In  1903-05  he  was  county  judge  of  Munroe 
county,  N.Y.;  and  in  1906  was  elected  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  for 
the  term  ending  in  1919. 

Sutherland,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1852  he  entered  the  Unit- 
ed States  army;  and  in  1898  he  became  sur- 
geon-general with  ranK  of  brigadier-general. 
He  died  May   10.  1895,  in  Washington.  D.C. 

Sutherland,  Mrs.  Evelyn  Greenleaf,  play- 
wright, author,  was  born  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  In  Office  Hours, 
and  Other  Vaudeville  Sketches;  and  many 
one-act   plays    in    professional   use.    She    is 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


389 


part  author  of  The  Road  to  Yesterday;  and 
other  works. 

Sutherland,  George,  lawyer,  legislator, 
congressman,  United  States  senator,  w\i3 
born  March  25,  1862,  in  England.  In  1896 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  Utah  state  legis- 
laturi";  and  lias  held  other  positions.  In 
11)01-U3  he  was  a  representative  from  Utah 
to  the  fifty-seventh  congress  as  a  repub- 
lican. In  1905  he  became  a  member  of  the 
United  States  senate  for  the  term  ending 
in  1917. 

Sutherland,  George  E.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  lecturer,  state  senator,  was  born 
Sept.  14,  1843,  in  Burlington,  N.Y.  For 
three  years  he  served  as  a  union  soldier 
during  the  civil  war;  and  was  promoted  to 
major.  In  1886  he  moved  to  Milwaukee, 
where  he  became  superior  judge.  He  died 
Sept.    l:!.   IS09.  in  Chicago,  111. 

Sutherland,  Howard,  congressman,  was 
born  Sept.  8,  1865,  near  Kirkwood,  Mo.  He 
is  engaged  in  the  coal  and  timberland  busi- 
ness. Ill  1913-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  West  Virginia  to  the  sixty-third  con- 
gress. 

Sutherland,  Howard  V.,  journalist,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  liorn  in  Cape  Town,  South 
Africa,  of  English  parents.  He  engaged  in 
civil  engineering  in  the  Argentine  republic; 
in  1888-98  was  engaged  in  journalism  in  San 
Francisco.  Cal. ;  and  since  1900  has  been  en- 
gaged in  journalism  in  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Legend  of  Love  ;  The 
Old  Story  ;  Brigg's  Bar  and  Other  Klondike 
Ballads;  and  Songs  of  a  City. 

Sutherland,  Jabez  G.,  lawyer,  was  born 
Oct.  6,  1825.  in  Onondaga  county,  N.Y.  In 
1849  he  settled  in  Saginaw  City,  Mich. ;  was 
made  prosecuting  attorney  for  that  county; 
and  in  1853  was  elected  to  the  state  legisla- 
ture. In  1863-70  he  was  circuit  judge  of  the 
tenth  circuit.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Michigan  to  the  forty-second  con- 
gress as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  1902  in 
Snuiraw    City.  Miili. 

Sutherland,  Joel  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1791  in  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  He  was  judge  of  tlie  court  of  common 
pleas  of  Philadelphia.  In  1827-37  he  was  a 
reincseiitative  from  Philadelphia  to  the 
twentieth,  twenty-first,  twenty-socoiid,  twen- 
ty-tiiird,  and  twenty-fourth  congresses.  He 
died  Nov.  IT),  isr.l.  ill  Philndeliihia.  Pa. 

Sutherland,  John  Preston,  ])liysician,  au- 
thor, was  iiorii  Feb.  9.  1854.  in  Cliarleslown. 
Mass.  He  is  dean  of  the  liostou  university 
medical  school.  In  1883-97  he  was  editor  of 
the  New  England  :srodi(al  Cazolte.  He  has 
Iteen  ))iesident  of  the  Massacliu.^etls  homeo- 
pathic medical  .society.  He  is  the  author  >5f 
Iliiits  on  Urinary  .\nalysis. 

Sutherland,  Josiah,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
siressmaii,  was  born  in  Hudson.  N.Y.  In 
1851-53  he  was  a  ie|iiesenlative  from  New 
York  to  the  thirty-second  congress.  He  was 
subsequently  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  the  state     He  died  in  New  York. 


^^^r     '"^ 

■"% 

1^ 

iC 

Sutherland,  Roderick  Dhu,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  27,  1862,  in  Scotch 
Grove.    Iowa.      He    received     his     education 

principally  in  the  com- 
mon schools ;  and  at- 
tended a  few  terms  at 
Amity  college  of  Col- 
lege Springs,  Iowa.  In 
1888  he  was  admitted 
to  the  practice  of  law. 
He  was  elected  county 
attorney  in  Nebraska 
in  1890 ;  and  re-elect- 
ed in  1892  and  1894. 
In  1897-1901  he  was  a 
representative  from 
Nebraska  to  the  fifty- 
fifth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses  as  a  populist. 
He  is  one  of  the  foremost  lawyers  of  Ne- 
braska at  Nelson ;  and  while  in  congress 
served  on  a  number  of  important  commit- 
tees. 

Sutherland,  William  A.,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  May  30,  1849,  in  Hopewell,  N.Y., 
He  was  counsel  for  the  republican  state  com- 
mittee in  the  celebrated  senatorial  election 
cases  in  1891 ;  and  in  the  contest  against 
the  re-apportionment  in  1892.  In  1894  he 
was  one  of  the  counsel  in  the  Lexow  com- 
mittee of  the  state  senate  which  investigated 
the  affairs  of  New  York  City.  In  1898  he 
was  president  Rochester  bar  association  ;  and 
in  1897-99  grand  master  of  masons  state  of 
New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  Addresses. 
Sutliffe,  Albert,  litterateur,  poet,  was  born 
about  1830  in  Meriden,  Conn.  He  first  be- 
came known  as  a  poetical  contributor  to  the 
National  Era  of  Washington,  D.C. ;  and  in 
1854  was  a  contributor  to  the  Genius  of  the 
West  of  Cincinnati.  He  published  a  volume 
of  poems  in   1859. 

Sutliff,  Milton,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Oct.  16.  1808.  in  Trumbull  county,  Ohio. 
He  was  educated  in  the  district  schools ;  and 
taught  in  the  southern  states.  In  1833  he 
graduated  from  the  Western  reserve  college, 
lie  was  an  ardent  lecturer;  and  formed  anti- 
slave  societies  in  many  southern  towns.  He 
began  the  practice  of  law  at  Warren.  Ohio; 
and  in  1849  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  legisla- 
ture ;  and  in  1850  was  elected  to  the  Ohio 
state  senate.  In  1867  he  became  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Ohio.  He  served  on  the 
bench  for  five  years:  and  the  last  year  was 
chief  justice.      He   died   in   Ohio. 

Sutiiff,  Phebe  Temperance,  educator,  col- 
lege jd-esident.  was  horn  in  1859  in  Warren. 
Ohio.  Ill  1896-1900  she  was  head  of  the 
department  of  modern  European  and  United 
States  history  ;  and  was  president  of  Rock- 
ford  colleg<>  in  Illinois.  In  1901  she  resigned 
to  devote  her  time  to  historical  research. 

Sutphen,  William  Gilbert  Van  Tassel, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  May  11.  1861. 
in  Philadelphia.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  G(dfi(ide;  The  Golfers  Alphabet;  The 
('ardiiial's  Ro.se;  The  Gates  of  Chance;  and 
The  Doomsman. 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY 


Sutro,  Adolph  Heinrich  Joseph,  mining 
engineer,  philanthropist,  was  born  April  29, 
1830,  in  Germany.  In  1860  he  planned  the 
now  famous  Sutro  tunnel  through  the  heart 
of  the  mountain  in  Nevada,  where  lay  tlie 
Comstock  lode ;  and  in  1879  the  great  tun- 
nel was  finished  and  its  projector  became  a 
millionaire  many  times  over.  He  was  mayor 
of  San  Francisco  ;  and  filled  numerous  posi- 
tions of  honor.  He  died  Aug.  8.  1898,  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Sutro,  Charles  Russell,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1862  he  was  promoted  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  corp  of  engineers.  In 
1906  he  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral and  was  retired  by  operation  of  law. 

Sutro,  Mrs.  Florence  Clinton,  musician, 
philanthropist,  author,  was  born  May  1, 
1865.  In  1884  she  married  Theodore  Sutro, 
a  distinguished  lawyer  and  financier  of  New 
York  City.  She  was  the  first  woman  in 
America  to  receive  the  degree  of  doctor  of 
music;  and  was  the  fir.st  student  in  the  wom- 
en's law  class  in  the  university  of  New 
York.  She  received  a  gold  medal  and  diplo- 
ma for  work  for  women  in  music ;  and  a 
silver  medal  and  dii)loma  for  work  for  women 
in  law.  She  organized  and  was  first  presi- 
dent of  the  national  federation  of  women's 
musical  clubs.  She  was  president  of  the 
hospital  for  crippled  children  of  New  Y'ork 
City.     She  died  in  1906  in  New  York  City. 

Sutro,  Otto,  merchant,  nuisician.  was  born 
Feb.  24,  1833,  in  Frussia.  In  1868  he  de- 
cided to  engage  in  the  piano,  organ  and 
music  and  musical  merchandise  business  in 
Baltimore,  Md.,  which  business  he  is  still 
connected  with.  He  died  in  1896  in  Balti- 
more.   ^Id. 

Sutro,  Theodore,  lawyer  and  author,  was 
born  March  14.  1845,"  in  Aix-la-Chapelle, 
Prussia.  In  1863  he  graduated  from  the 
Baltimore  city  college ;  in  1864  he  graduated 
from  the  Fhillips-Exetcr  academy  of  New 
Hampshire  :  in  1871  graduated  with  the  de- 
gree of  A.B.  from  Harvard  university;  and 
in  1874  graduated  with  the  degree  of  LL.B. 
from  the  Columbia  university  law  school. 
While  a  student  at  Harvard  he  established 
and  conducted  a  commission  business  in 
Boston.  Mass.  In  1874  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  and  in  1887-92  conducted  large  liti- 
gations in  Nevada,  involving  the  interests  of 
the  Sutro  tunnel  company,  which  company 
Avas  re-organized  into  the  Comstock  tunnel 
company,  of  which  he  was  president  in  1887- 
94.  He  is  now  one  of  the  foremost  lawyers 
in  New  York  City  ;  was  one  of  the  organizers 
and  the  second  president  of  the  German- 
American  reform  union  ;  in  1896-98  was  com- 
missioner of  taxes  and  assessments  for  the 
city  of  New  York  ;  and  in  1896  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  national  democratic  convention. 
He  has  been  president  and  chairman  of  the 
board  of  trustees  of  the  Society  of  medical 
jiirisiu-udence ;  has  been  president  of  the 
medical  and  legal  aid  society  ;  and  is  a  mem- 
ber of  a  score  of  legal,  social  and  scientific  so- 
cieties. '  His  collection  of  the  Edward  Moran 


thirteen  historical  marine  paintings  lias  at- 
tracted attention  throughout  the  United 
States.  He  is  the  author  of  the  Sutro  Tun- 
nel Company  and  the  Sutro  Tunnel ;  and 
various  Monographs  on  Taxation,  Medical 
Jurisprudence  and  other  subjects ;  is  also  the 
author  of  numerous  poems ;  and  resides  in 
New  Y-ork  City. 

Sutter,  Daniel,  merchant,  Avas  born  Dec. 
16.  1830.  in  Mount  Holly.  N.J.  For  forty- 
five  years  he  was  identified  with  the  business 
interests  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  and  for  thirty- 
two  years  was  the  senior  member  of  the  firm 
of  Sutter  and  Miller,  rubber  merchants,  re- 
tiring from  active  business  in  1896,  and 
resided  in  the  place  of  his  nativity.  For 
twenty-five  years  he  was  a  bank  director; 
and  had  interests  in  various  other  corpora- 
tions as  director,  treasurer  and  stockholder. 
He  stood  hig-li  in  masonry ;  was  a  thirty- 
second  degree  Scottish  Rite ;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  historical  so- 
ciety, and  the  horticultural,  colonial  and 
genealogical  societies  of  that  state  ;  and  also 
a  member  of  the  Union  league.  Trades  league 
and  other  associations  in  Philadelphia.  He 
died  in  Mount  Holly,  N.J. 

Sutter,  John  Augustus,  pioneer,  Avas  born 
Feb.  15,  1803,  in  Baden.  In  1834  he  settled 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  in  1838  crossed  the 
Rocky  mountains.  He  subsequently  went  to 
Sitka,  Alaska  ;  and  is  1839  founded  the  first 
white  settlement  on  the  site  of  Sacramento. 
He  received  a  large  tract  of  land  from  the 
jNIexican  government ;  in  1841  built  a  fort ; 
and  was  appointed  governor  of  the  northern 
frontier  country.  He  died  June  17,  1880,  in 
Washington,  D.C. 

Sutton,  Jay  W.,  laAvyer,  business  man, 
was  born  Sept.  10,  1858,  in  Romeo,  Mich. 
In  1881  he  Avas  admitted  to  the  bar.  He  has 
been  secretary  of  the  Soo  mutual  building 
and  loan  association  since  its  organization  in 
1888  ;  and  in  1897  Avas  elected  state  banker 
for  two  years  by  the  INIodern  woodmen  of 
America.  He  takes  a  deep  tnterest  in  the 
public  affairs  of  Michigan  at  Sault  Ste. 
]\Inrie;  and  is  prominent  in  various  fraternal 
orders. 

Sutton,  Rhodes  Stansbury,  physician,  sci- 
entist, author,  was  born  July  8,  1841,  in 
Indiana.  Pa.  In  1865  he  began  the  practice 
of  medicine  in  Pittsburgh,  l-a.  He  Avas  pres- 
ident of  the  American  academy  of  science; 
and  president  of  the  Pittsburg  gynecological 
society.  He  Avas  chief  surgeon  in  the  Span- 
ish-American Avar.  He  Avas  the  author  of 
valuable  medical  articles  in  medical  litera- 
ture.    He  died   in    190G   in   Pittsburgh,    Pa. 

Sutton,  William  Seneca,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  12.  1860,  in  Fayetteville,  Ark. 
Since  1897  he  lias  been  professor  of  educa- 
tion and  dean  of  the  summer  session  of  the 
(uiiversity  of  Texas.  He  is  part  author  of 
INipils'  Series  of  Arithmetics;  and  Sutton 
and  Bruce's  Arithmetic,  LoAver  and  Higher. 

Sutton,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  Sept.  11,  1835,  in  Iladdonfield, 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY 


381 


X.J.  He  received  his  education  at  the  Dick- 
inson college  of  Car- 
H  lisle,  Pa.;  the  Wesle- 
yan  university  of  Mid- 
dletown,  Conn ;  the 
Albany  law  school ; 
and  subsequently  re- 
ceived the  degree  of 
doctor  of  civil  law 
from  Dickinson  college 
of  Carlisle,  Pa.  He 
has  been  school  direct- 
or and  a  state  sena- 
tor in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania legislature ;  and 
was  uisiiiuui'ntai  in  introducing  and  passing 
many  iniprovcnuMits  in  statutory  law.  He 
has  declined  nominations  for  judge  of  court 
of  common  pleas  and  for  congress,  preferring 
the  practice  of  law,  in  which  he  has  been 
eminently  successful,  both  in  criminal  and 
connnon  law.  He  is  a  ready  speaker,  but  as 
a  brilliant  lawyer  of  I'hiladelphia  he  is  most 
distinguished.  His  father,  Joseph  Sutton, 
was  a  SDldicr  in  the  war  of  1812* 

Suydam,  James  Augustus,  i)ainter,  artist, 
was  born  March  27,  1819.  in  New  York. 
His  best  known  work  is  a  characteristic  land- 
scape i)ainting  known  as  Long  Island  Shore. 
He  died  Sept.  15,  1865,  in  North  Conway, 
N  H. 

Suydam,  John  Howard,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  1,  1832,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.V.  He  has  been  a  clergyman  of  the  Dutch 
reformed  church  since  1869  and  retired  in 
]9u;i  from  active  m'nistry.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Cruger  Family ;  Cruel  Jim ;  The 
Wreckmaster ;  and  Ilendryck  Rycken,  the 
Progenitor  of  the  Suydam  Family  in  Amer- 
ica. 

Swaim,  David  Gaskill,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Dec.  22.  1834.  in  Salem,  Ohio.  He 
served  throughout  the  civil  war  in  the  T'nited 
States  army  ;  and  attained  the  rank  of 
colonel.  He  betame  judge  advocate  general 
of  the  army  in  1881.  with  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general. He  died  Aug,  16,  1897.  in 
\Vasliin;:lon.    ]K(\ 

Swain,  Adeline  Morrison,  educator,  suf- 
fragist, was  born  .May  25.  1820,  in  Bath. 
X.ll.       She    received    her    education    in     the 

public  schools,  New- 
bur.v  seminary,  \'er- 
niont,  and  the  Troy 
conference  academy  of 
West  Poult  ney.  For 
many  years  .she  was 
^  preceptress       of       the 

'1'  r  o  y  Conference 

►  seminary,       and        a 

teacher  of  French. 
Spanish  and  Italian. 
S  b  e  snbsecpiently 

held  the  same  jiosi- 
tion  in  Nunda  literary 
institute;  ami  lam;lil  drawinir  and  painting 
in  bolli  institutions.  In  18S3  she  was  a 
candidate  for  state  superintendent  of  public 
instruction  of   Iowa;   and   in   1884   was  state 


delegate  at  large  to  the  presidential  conven- 
tion held  at  Indianapolis.  She  has  contrib- 
uted extensively  to  current  literature  on  dif- 
ferent topics  and  sutTrage  work.  She  died 
in  January.   1890.  in  Odin,  111. 

Swain,  David  Lowry,  laAvyer,  jurist,  col- 
lege ])resident,  governor,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  4,  1801.  near  Asheville,  N.C.  In  1824 
he  was  elected  to  represent  Buncombe  coun- 
.  ty  in  the  house  of  commons  of  the  state.  In 
1831  he  was  appointed  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  :  and  in  1832-35  was  the  nineteenth  gov- 
ernor of  North  Caroliiut.  In  1835-68  he  was 
])resident  of  the  university  of  North  Caro- 
lina. He  was  the  author  of  British  Invasion 
of  North  Carolina.  He  died  Sept.  3,  1868,  in 
Chapel   IliU.   N.C. 

Swain,  George  Fillmore,  educator,  civil 
engineer,  author,  was  born  March  2,  1857, 
in  San  Francisco.  Cal.  Since  1887  he  has 
been  professor  of  civil  engineering  in  charge 
of  the  civil  engineering  department  of  the 
Massachusetts  institute  of  technology.  He  is 
the  author  of  Ke|)ort  on  the  Water  Power  of 
the  Atlantic  Watershed  ;  Notes  on  Hydrau- 
lics :  and  Notes  on  Theory  of  Structures. 

Swain,  James  Barrett,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  July  30.  1820,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  journalist  of  New  York  City  ;  and 
postoffice  inspector  in  1881-85.  He  was  the 
author  of  Life  and  Speeches  of  Henry  Clay; 
Historical  Notes  to  Speeches  of  Henry  Clay; 
and  A  Military  History  of  New  York  State. 
He  died  May  27;  1895,  in  Sing  Sing,  N.Y. 

Swain,  Joseph,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  June  16.   1857.   in  Pendleton,   Ind. 
In  1883  he  graduated  from  the  Indiana  uni- 
versity ;    and    received 
the    honorary    degrees 
of  A.:M.  from  Wabash 
college.     In  1883-85  he 
w  a  s       instructor      of 
mathematics     and     bi- 
ologies :  in  1885-86  was 
an    asst)ciate   professor 
of    mathematics;     and 
in  1886-91  was  ])rofcs- 
sor  of  mathematics  in 
Indiana  university.  In 
1891-93     he    was    pro- 
fessor  of    mathenuitics 
at   tile  Leland  Stanford  university;   in   189:}- 
1902    was    president    of    Iiuliana    university; 
and  since  1902  has  been  president  of  Swartli- 
nii)re  college  of   Pennsylvania.      He   has  been 
l)resident   of   the   National    teachers'  associa- 
tion: and  is  a  member  of  many  societies. 

Swain,  Robert  Bunker,  merchant,  found- 
er, was  born  July  23.  1822.  in  Nantucket, 
Mass.  In  1855  ho  was  engaged  in  business. 
In  1863-69  he  was  superintendent  of  the 
Pniled  States  branch  mint  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  For  several  years  he  was  president  of 
the  Mercantile  library  association  of  San 
Francisco.  In  1865  he  was  one  of  Ihe  found- 
ers of  the  San  Francisco  bemnolent  associa- 
tion ;  an<l  was  its  rst  president.  In  1871  he 
was   president   of   the  chamber  of  commerce. 


392 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He   died    June    5,    1872,    in    San,   Francisco, 
Cal. 

Swallow,  Silas  C,  journalist,  prohibition- 
ist, was  born  March  5,  1839,  in  Plains,  Pa. 
He  is  editor  of  the  Pennsylvania  Methodist ; 
and  superintendent  of  the  Methodist  book 
room  at  Ilarrisburg,  Pa.  In  1898  and  again 
in  1902  he  received  a  large  vote  on  the  pro- 
hibition ticket  for  governor  of  Pennsylvania ; 
and  in  1904  was  prohibition  nominee  for 
president   of   the   United    States. 

Swan,  Caleb,  soldier,  was  born  in  Maine. 
He  became  an  ensign  in  the  fourth  Massa- 
chusetts continental  infantry  in  1779;  and 
in  1792-1808  he  was  paymaster-general  of 
the  United  States  army.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Some  Account  of  the  Northwestern 
Lakes  of  America.  He  died  Nov.  20,  1809, 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Swan,  Henry  Harrison,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Oct.  2,  1840,  in  Detroit,  Mich.  In 
1870-77  he  was  assistant  United  States  at- 
torney. Since  1891  he  has  been  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  Eastern  dis- 
trict of  Michigan. 

Swan,  James,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
in  1754  in  Scotland.  He  was  a  soldier  in 
the  American  army  during  the  revolution ; 
and -afterwards  adjutant-general  of  Massa- 
chusetts. The  last  fifteen  years  of  his  life 
were  passed  in  a  debtors'  prison  in  Paris. 
He  was  the  author  of  Dissuasion  to  Great 
Britain  and  the  Colonies  from  the  Slave 
Trade  to  Africa;  On  the  Fisheries;  Fish- 
eries of  Massachusetts;  National  Arith- 
metick;  and  Address  on  Agriculture,  Manu- 
factures, and  Commerce.  He  died  March  IS, 
1831,   in    Paris,   France. 

Swan,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
North  Carolina.  In  1787-88  he  was  a  dele- 
gate from  North  Carolina  to  the  continental 
congress.    He  died  in  North  Carolina. 

Swan,  Joseph  Rockwell,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  28,  1802,  in  Westeru- 
ville.  N.Y.  In  1854-,59  he  was  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Ohio.  He  was  the  author 
of  Treatise  on  Justices  of  the  Peace  and 
Constables  in  Ohio;  Manual  for  Executors 
and  Administrators;  Pleading  and  Practice; 
and  Commentaries  on  Pleadings  under  the 
Ohio  Code.  He  died  Dec.  18,  1884,  in  Co- 
lumbus. Ohio. 

Swan,  Orrington  Thomas  Nowkes,  for- 
ester, ciigiiicer.  was  born  May  25,  1880,  in 
]\Ieehanic  Falls,  Maine.  He  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.B.  in  1903,  and  the  degree  of  B.S. 
F.  in  1904,  from  the  university  of  Nebras- 
ka. In  190.5-08  ho  was  forest  assistant  in 
tlic  United  States  forest  service;  1909  chief 
in  the  oflice  of  products  of  district  three; 
and  in  1910-12  engineer  in  forest  products, 
in  charge  of  the  eastern  district.  He  is  now 
forester  and  technical  engineer  in  forest 
service. 

Swan,  Samuel,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1771,  in  Somerset  county,  N.J.  In  1821-31 
lie  was  a  representative  from  New  .lersey 
to   the   seventeenth,   eighteenth,   nineteenth. 


twentyieth  and  twenty-first  congresses.    He 
died  Aug.     24,  1844,  in  Brunswick,  N.J. 

Swan,  Timothy,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  July  23,  1758,  in  Worcester,  Mass. 
He  settled  at  Northfield,  Mass.,  where  he 
resided  until  his  death.  Some  of  his  psalm- 
tunes,  among  them  China,  Pownal  and  Po- 
land, became  vei-y  popular,  and  are  still 
to  be  found  in  collections  of  church  music. 
He  died  July  23,  1842,  in  Northfield,  Mass. 
Swan,  William  Draper,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  17,  1809,  in  Dorchester,  Mass. 
He  was  an  educator  and "  bookseller  of 
Boston.  He  published  a  popular  series  of 
school  readers;  and  a  series  of  widely  used 
arithmetics.  He  died  Nov.  2,  1864,  in  Roch- 
ester, N.Y. 

Swanger,  Francis  Asbury,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  May  3,  1859,  in 
JNlilroy,  Pa.  He-  attended  the  state  normal 
school  of  Kirksville,  Mo.,  and  the  state  uni- 
versity of  Columbia;  andi  has  had  the  de- 
grees of  M.S.D.  and  A.M.  conferred  upon 
him.  For  njany  years  he  taught  in  the  dis- 
trict schools  of  Sullivan  county.  Mo.,  and 
has  been  principal  of  schools  in  Greencastle, 
CarroUton,  Lancaster  and  Kirksville.  He 
taught  physics  and  language  in  the  state 
normal  school  of  Kirksville  in  1889-91;  then 
taught  mathematics  until  1894;  since  which 
time  he  has  been  president  of  that  institu- 
tion   of    learning. 

Swank,  James  Moore,  author,  was  born 
July  12,  1832,  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa. 
He  has  been  the  general  manager  of  the 
Anu>rican  Iron  and  Steel  association  since 
1873.  He  is  the  author  of  A  History  of 
the  Department  of  Agriculture;  Iron  Mak- 
ing and  Coal  Mining  in  Pennsylvania;  Iron 
Manufacture  in  All  Ages;  and  other  works. 
Swann,  Edward,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  March  10,  1862,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1887  he  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
])artment  of  Columbia  college.  He  is  en- 
{iagcd  in  the  general  practice  of  law  in 
New  York  City.  In  1901-03  he  was  a 
lepresentative  from  New  York  to  the  fifty- 
seventli  congress  as  a  democrat,  to  fill  a 
vacancy. 

Swann,  Thomas,  lawyer,  banker,  railroad 
president,  governor,  congressman,  Avas  born 
in  1805,  in  Alexandria,  Pa.  He  was  ap- 
pointed secretary  of 
the  Neapolitan  com- 
mission ;  and  in  1834 
settled  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  Two  j'ears  after- 
Avard  he  was  chosen 
a  director  of  the  Bal- 
timore and  Ohio  rail- 
road company;  and 
in  1847-53  Avas  presi- 
ili'nt.  He  Avas  also 
])  resident  of  the 
Northwestern  V  i  r- 
ginia  railroad  com- 
|)any,  disbursing  in  behalf  of  the  tAvo  roads 
about    thirteen    million    dollars.      In    1856- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


393 


fiO  lie  was  mayor  of  Baltimore.  He  was 
the  originator  of  the  Druid  hill  park  in  that 
city.  He  emancipated  his  slaves  before 
the  civil  war;  and  continued  a  union  man 
during  tlie  war.  In  1863  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  First  national  bank  of 
Baltimore.  In  1866-67  he  was  the  thirtieth 
governor  of  ^laryland.  In  1866  he  was 
elected  I'nited  States  senator,  but  declined 
to  leave  the  executive  chair.  In  1869-79 
he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  forty-hrst,  forty-second,  forty-third, 
fortv-fourth  and  fortv-fifth  congresses  as 
a  democrat.  He  died  July  24,  1883,  in 
Leesl)urg,     Va. 

Swanson,  Claude  A.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
governor,  was  born.  March  31,  1862,  in 
Swaiisonville,  Va.  He  was  a  delegate  to 
the  national  democratic  convention  of  1896. 
In  1893-1905  he  was  a  representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  fifty-third,  fifty-fourth,  fif- 
ty-fifth, fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh  and  fifty- 
ciglith  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1906 
he  became  governor  of  the  state  of  Vir- 
ginia for  the  term  ending  in  1910.  Since 
1910  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  United 
States    senate. 

Swanton,  John  Reed,  ethnologist,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  19,  1873,  in  Gardiner,  Maine. 
Since  1900  he  has  been  an  ethnologist  of 
the  bureau  of  American  ethnologj-  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  Contribu- 
tions to  the  Ethnology  of  the  Haida; 
Haida  Texts  and  ^Myths;  and  Social  Condi- 
tions. Beliefs  and  Linquistic  Relationship  of 
the  Tliiijjit  Indians. 

Swanwick,  John,  congressman.  In  1795-98 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  fourtli  and  fifth  congresses.  He  died 
in    1798.  in    Pennsylvania. 

Swart,  Peter,  state  senator,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Schoharie,  N.Y.  In  1807-09  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  tenth  congress:  and  was  a  state  sen- 
ator in  1817-20.    He  died  in  Now  York. 

Swarthout,  Samuel,  naval  officer,  was 
born  .May  10.  1804.  in  New  York  City.  In 
1820  he  entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman  ; 
was  promoted  to  commander  in  1855 ;  and 
took  an  active  i)art  in  the  civil  war.  Ho  died 
F<.b.  5.  1867.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Swartwout,  Robert,  soldier,  was  born  in 
177S.  in  l'i)n;.'likefpsie,  N.Y.  In  1812  he  was 
appointed  (piaitermaster-general  with  the 
rank  of  brigadier;  and  had  charge  of  the 
fourth  brigade  in  the  campaign  of  1813  on 
St.  Lawrence  river.  After  the  war  he  re- 
sided in  New  York  City,  where  he  was  a 
merchant  and  also  agent  of  the  naw.  He 
di.-d  .Inly  19.  1838,  in  New  York  €ity. 

Swartz,  Edward  James,  journalist,  au- 
Ihor,  was  born  Ajnil  19.  1848.  in  BnfTalo, 
N.Y.  In  1871-97  lie  was  cit.v  editor  of  tin; 
Philadelphia  Kvoninj:  Tele>;raith ;  and  since 
1897  has  boon  managing  editor  of  that  pub- 
lication, lie  is  the  anthor  of  plays  entitled 
.\  Sipiare  Man:  The  (iovernoss ;  The  Caffir 
Diamond;  The  Clipper;  and  The  Syndicate. 


Swartz,  Joel,  clergyman,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  18,  1827,  in  Shenandoah,  Va. 
He  is  a  lutheran  clergyman  ;  and  pastor  at 
Gettysburg  since  1881.  lie  is  the  author 
of  Dreamings  of  the  Waking,  with  Other 
Poems  :  and  Lyra  Lutherana. 

Swartz,  William  Paley,  educator,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Dec.  24,  1858.  in 
Circleville.  Ohio.  For  a  number  of  years  he 
was  a  book  and  job  printer;  and  for  several 
years  taught  school.  In  1883-87  he  was  a 
missionary  in  India.  In  1888-96  he  was  pas- 
tor of  the  Central  church  at  Wilmington, 
Del. ;  and  since  1896  has  been  pastor  of  the 
First  presbyterian  church  at  Poughkeepsie, 
N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Financial 
Problem ;  Economic  Consumption ;  and  the 
Social  Welfare ;  and  various  religious  mono- 
graphs. 

Swasey,  Ambrose,  manufacturer,  inven- 
tor, was  born  Dec.  19.  1846.  in  Exeter,  N.H. 
He  is  a  manufacturer  of  machinery  and  as- 
tronomical instruments  ;  and  is  the  foremost 
builder  of  telescopes  in  the  world,  and  de- 
signed the  famous  Lick,  Yerkes  and  United 
States  naval  observatory  telescopes,  ne  in- 
vented the  Swasey  range  and  position  finder, 
adopted  by  the  United  States  government. 

Swasey,  John  Philip,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  4,  1839,  in  Can- 
ton, Maine.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Canton ;  at  Dearborn  academy ; 
Hebron  academy  ;  the  Maine  state  seminary  ; 
and  Tuft  college.  Ho  served  in  the  civil  war 
as  first  lieutenant  in  the  seventeenth  Maine 
regiment.  In  1863  he  was  admitted  to  the 
practice  of  law  ;  in  1869-70  was  assessor  of 
internal  revenue ;  and  was  a  member  6f  both 
houses  of  the  Maine  state  legislature.  He 
was  elected  to  the  sixtieth  congress  to  fill 
a  vacancy  ;  and  in  1909-11  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Maine  to  the  sixty-first  congress 
as  a  republican. 

Swayne,  Charles,  lawyer,  jurist,  Avas  born 
.\ug.  10.  1842,  in  New  Castle  connty.  Del, 
He  received  a  public  school  and  academic 
education  ;  and  in  1864-70  taught  high  school. 
In  1871  he  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  In 
1871-85  he  practiced  law  in  Pennsylvania; 
and  in  1885  removed  to  Florida.  In  1888  he 
was  republican  candidate  for  judge  of  the 
supreme  <onrt  ;  and  in  1889-1907  was  TTnited 
Slates  district  jndge  for  the  northern  dis- 
trict of  Flori<lM.  He  died  .Inly  5.  1907.  in 
Philadelphia.    Pa. 

Swayne,  Noah  Haynes,  lawyer,  jurist, 
stale  letrislalor.  was  born  Dec.  7.  1804.  in 
Cnlpeper  county.  Va.  In  1829  and  1836  he 
was  elected  to  the  legislature  of  Ohio;  and  in 
1830-39  was  United  States  district  attorney 
for  Ohio.  In  1861-81  he  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supremo  court  of  the  United 
Slates.  He  died  .lune  8.  1884,  in  New  York 
City. 

Swayne,  Wager,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
Nov.  10.  1834.  in  Columbus.  Ohio.  In  1865 
he    was    brcvetted   a     brigadier-general.      In 


394 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1865-68  was  military  commander  in  Alaba- 
ma ;  became  major-general  United  States 
army  ;  and  was  retired  in  1870.  He  was  a 
noted  lawyer  of  New  York  City.  He  died 
Dec.  18,  1902,  in  New  York  City. 

Swayze,  Francis  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  May  15,  1861,  in  Newton,  N.J.  In 
1892-1900  he  practiced  law  in  Newton  and 
Newark,  N.J.  In  1903  he  was  judge  of  the 
circuit  court :  and  in  1903  was  elected  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey  for 
the  term  ending  in  1910. 

Swayzl,  George  Banghart  Henry,  physi- 
cian, author,  was  born  Feb.  3.  1833,  in  Hope, 
N.J.  He  was  educated  in  common  schools 
and  a  seminary;  and  received  the  degree  of 
M.D.  from  the  Jefferson  medical  college. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  assistant  sur- 
geon of  the  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
eighth  regiment  Pennsylvania  infantry.  He 
was  a  founder  and  editor  of  the  ]\Iahanoy 
City  C4azette  of  Pennsylvania.  Since  1871 
he  has  practiced  medicine  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. ;  and  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Medico-chirurgical  college.  He  is  the  author 
of  Yarb  and  Cretine,  or  Rising  from  Bonds. 
Swearingen,  Henry,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1837-41  he  was  a 
representative  from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-fifth 
and  twenty-sixth  congresses.  He  died  in 
Smithfield,  Ohio. 

Swearingen,  Henry  H.,  lawyer,  genealo- 
gist, author,  was  born  April  7,  1857,  in 
Baker  county,  Ga.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Atlanta,  Ga. ;  and  has  at- 
tained prominence  as  a  successful  attorney 
of  Washington,  D.C.  For  several  years  he 
was  government  examiner  of  claims  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C. ;  and  is  now  claims  attorney  and 
advisor  in  matters  before  the  governmental 
departments.  He  proposed  the  hydrogen  col- 
umn for  the  fuelless  engine.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  two  editions  of  the  Swearingen 
Genealogy. 

Swearingen,     Thomas     V.,     congressman, 
was  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.     In  1821- 
23  he  was  a  representative  from- Virginia  to 
the  seventeenth   congress.     He  died   June   7,   : 
1822,    in    She])herdstown,    Va.  rff^ 

Sweat,  Lorenzo  D.  M.,  lawyer,  state  sen- ,;i 
ator,  congressman,  was  born  May  26,  1818.  ': 
in  Parsonville,  Maine.  In  1856  and  1860  I 
he  was  a  city  solicitor  of  Portland,  Maine;  J 
and  in  1862  was  a  member  of  the  state  sen-  jj 
ate.  In  1863-65  he  was  a  representative  from  ■ 
Maine  to  the  thirty-eighth  congress.  He  died  j, 
in   Maine.  '5.|''| 

Sweat,  Mrs.  Margaret  Jane,  litterateur,  | 
author,  was  born  Nov.  28,  1823,  in  Portland,  : 
Maine.  She  is  the  author  of  Ethel's  Love  : 
liife;  and  Sighways  of  Travel,  or  a  Summer  '; 
in  Europe.     Slio  died  in  Portland,  INIaine.     I'. 

Sweeney,  James  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  22,  1877.  in  Carson  City,  Nev.  lU  4 
was  educated  at  the  Carson  high  school; 
craduated  from  St.  Mary's  college  of  Oak-^ 
land,  Cal. ;  and  graduated  from  the  Colum- 
bian university  of  Washington,  D.C.  He 
has    been    a    representative    in    the    Nevada 


legislature ;  and  was  chairman  of  the  judic- 
iary committee.  He  has  been  attorney-gen- 
eral of  Nevada  ;  and  is  chairman  of  the  dem- 
ocratic state  central  committee  of  Nevada. 
He  is  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Nevada  for  term  expiring  in  1913 ;  and  re- 
sides in   Carson   City,   Nev. 

Sweeney,  T.  W.,  soldier.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  army ;  and  was  retired  from  active 
service. 

Sweeney,  W.  N.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  May  5,  1832,  in  Kentucky.  In  1869- 
71  he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  forty-first  congress.  He  died  April 
21,  1895,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Sweeney,  Zachary  Taylor,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer,   author,    was    born    Feb.    10,    1849,    in 
Liberty,  Ky.     He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of   Illinois, 
graduated      from     the 
seminary  of  Scottville, 
111. ;  was  a  student  for 
one    year    at    Eureka 
college  of  Illinois  ;  and 
for  three  years  studied 
in    the    DePauw    uni- 
versity.      He    has    re- 
ceived    the     honorai-y 
degree  of   LL.D.   from 
Butler   university.     In 
1866    he   was   engaged 
to   be    teacher.      Since 
1869    he    has    been    in    the    ministry    of    the 
Christian    church ;    has    filled    pastorates    in 
Paris.    111.,   and   Columbus,   Ind. ;    and   since 

1896  he  has  been  professor  emeritus.     Since 

1897  he  has  been  exclusively  engaged  as  ly- 
ceum  lecturer  by  the  Redpath  bureau.  In 
1889-93  he  was  United  States  consul-general 
at  Constantinople;  and  is  now  commissioner 
of  fisheries  and  game  for  Indiana.  He  is  the 
author  of  Under  Ten  Flags;  and  Pulpit  Dia- 
grams. "^ 

Sweeny,    George,   congressman,   was   born 
in  Peinisylvania.     In  1839-43  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative   from    Ohio    to    the    twenty-sixth 
and   twenty-seventh  congresses.     He  died   in 
;:  Ohio. 

!'jf|  Sweeny,  Thomas  William,  soldier,  was 
I'lborn  Dec.  25,  1820,  in  IreUuid.  He  served 
Vin  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  received 
l'  medals  from  New  York  City  and  the  city  of 
i- Brooklyn  for  services  in  the  civil  war.  In 
''  1870  he  was  retired  as  brigadier-general  in 
;,:  the  United  States  army.  He  died  April  10, 
1 1892,  in  Astoria,  N.Y. 

'(!    Sweeny,    William    Montgomery,    journal- 

f  ist.  author,  was  boru  Aug.  29,  1871,  in  New 

lYork  City.     He  is  a  journalist  and  writer  of 

iNew   York  City.     He  is  the  author  of   Life 

[and    Services    of    General    Thomas    William 

.  !lS\v(>euv.    his    fntliei. 

lj||    Sweet,    Ada    Celeste,    lawyer,    was    born 

IfFeb.  23.  1853.   in   Stockbridge,   Wis.     She   is 

fthe  daughter  of  Benjamin  J.  Sweet.     When 

Iher   father    liei  ame   Thiited     States     pension 

"agent    she    learned    the    business;    and    after 

[his  death  in  1874  she  was  appointed  United 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


395 


States  pension  agent  for  paying  pensions  in 
Cliicago — the  first  woman  ever  appointed  as 
a  disbursing  officer  in  tlie  United  States.  Slie 
held  the  office  until  1885.  In  1886  she  be- 
came literary  editor  to  the  Chicago  Tribune; 
and  is  now  writer  for  the  Chicago  Journal. 
In  1888  she  opened  a  United  State's  claims 
office  in  Chicago  ;  retiring  in  1905.  She  has 
been  president  of  the  municipal  order  league 
of  Chicago ;  and  president  of  the  Chicago 
woman's  club ;  and  is  prominent  in  reform 
and   pliilantlnopic  work. 

Sweet,  Alexander  Edwin,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  March  28,  1841,  in 
St.  John.  N.B.  He  served  in  the  confederate 
army.  lie  is  the  author  of  Three  Dozen 
Good  Stories  from  Texas  Siftings ;  and 
Through  Texas  on  a  Mustang.  He  was  an 
associate  editor  of  Tammany  Times;  and  edi- 
tor of  the  New  York  Sunday  Star.  He  died 
May  20.  1901.  in  New  York  City. 

Sweet,  Benjamin  Jeffrey,  soldier,  lawyer, 
was  born  April  24,  1832.  in  Kirkland,  N.Y. 
He  served  through  the  civil  war;  and  at- 
tained the  ranks  of  colonel  and  brigadier- 
general.  He  subsequently  practiced  law  in 
Chicago.  111. ;  and  was  United  States  pension 
agent.  He  died  Jan.  1.  1874.  in  ^Vashington, 
D.(.'. 

Sweet,  Elnathan,  civil  engineer,  author, 
was  Ixnn  Nov.  20,  1837,  in  Cheshire,  Mass. 
In  1876-80  he  was  division  engineer  of  New 
York  state  canals;  and  he  was  state  engineer 
in  1884-88.  His  writings  include  annual  re- 
I)orts  that  he  issued  from  Albany  during  the 
years  he  held  office;  and  various  technical 
"papers.     He  died  in  1903  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Sweet,  Frank  Herbert,  litterateur,  autlior, 
was  liorn  Aug.  1.  1856,  in  \Vest  Greenwich. 
U.I.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Mountain  Hero; 
Young  Switch  Tender  ;  Craig  Cameron  ;  Blue 
and  Gray;  Grandfather  Tales;  and  other 
works. 

Sweet,  Homer  De  Lois,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  24.  1826,  in  Pompey, 
X.Y.  He  was  a  civil  engineer  of  Syracuse  ; 
and  iiuilt  the  reservoir  of  the  Syracuse  wa- 
ter c()mi)any  at  Onondaga  Hill.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Averys  of  (iroton,  a  geneal- 
ogy ;  and  Twilight  Hours  in  the  Adirondacks. 
n.'-  died   Nov.   16.   1873.  in  Syracuse.  N.Y. 

Swett,  John,  educator,  viticulturist,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  31.  1830.  in  I'ittslield, 
N.H.  He  was  educated  at  Tittsfield  aead- 
emy.  at  renihroke  academy  and  at  Merrimack 
normal  institute :  and  has  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.M.  He  was  a  teacher  of  common 
schools  in  New  Hampshire  and  Ma.ssachu- 
setts:  and  princii)al  of  the  grammar  school 
of  San  Uranciseo  in  1853-62.  In  1863-68  he 
was  state  school  superintendent  of  schools 
of  Califoniia.  In  1870-73  he  was  deputy 
suiierintendent  of  schools  of  San  Francisco; 
was  principal  of  the  girl's  high  and  normal 
s<-hool  in  1876-89;  and  city  superintendeut 
of  schools  of  San  Francisco  in  1890-95.  Since 
that  time  he  has  been  a  successful  viticul- 
turist of  Martinez.  Cal.  In  1864-68  he  was 
also   editor-in-chief   of   the   California    State 


Educational  Journal.  He  is  the  author  of 
History  of  the  Public  School  System  of 
California  ;  American  Public  Schools  ;  School 
Elocution ;  Normal  Word  Book ;  Common 
School  Reading;  and  joint  author  with  W\\\- 
iam   Swinton   of  numerous  school  text-books. 

Swett,  John  Appleton,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  3,  1808.  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1853  he  was  appointed  professor  of  the 
theory  and  practice  of  medicine  in  the  uni- 
versity of  the  city  of  New  York.  He  was 
the  author  of  Diseases  of  the  Chest.  He 
died    Sept.   18.   1854.   in   New   York   City. 

Sweet,  John  Edson,  educator,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1832,  in  Pompey 
N..Y.  Until  1861  he  was  engaged  as  a  build- 
er and  architect  in  the 
south  ;  and  until  1863 
was  engaged  as  an  in- 
ventor and  mechanical 
draughtsman  :  in  1873- 
79  was  professor  of 
|)ractieal  mechanics  in 
Cornell  univer.sity ; 
and  in  1893  was  an  ex- 
pert for  the  govern- 
ment and  one  of  the 
jurors  on  machine 
tools  in  the  World's 
Columbian  exposition. 
He  has  been  president  of  the  American  so- 
ciety of  mechanical  engineers;  the  first  pres- 
ident of  the  Engine  builders'  association  of 
the  United  States;  and  president  of  the 
Syracuse  metal  trades  association.  He  is 
the  author  of  Things  That  are  Usually 
Wrong. 

Sweet,  Louis  Matthews,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  10.  1869.  in  Southold, 
N.Y.  He  has  received  the  degrees  of  B.A. 
from  Ilobart  college;  A.M.  from  the  Auburn 
theological  seminary ;  and  the  honorary  de- 
gree of  S.T.B.  from  Ilobart  college.  In 
1896-1901  he  was  i)astor  of  ITnion  Springs, 
N.Y.  In  1901-05  he  preached  in  AVarsaw, 
X.Y. ;  and  since  1905  has  tilled  a  pastorate  in 
Canandaigua.  N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of 
Birth  and  Infancy  of  Jesus  Christ;  and  The 
Self-Portrayal   of   Shakespeare. 

Sweet,  Sylvester  Damon,  soldier,  (-duca- 
(or,  inventor,  was  born  Feb.  6.  182U,  in  Ot- 
sego c(Uinty,  N.Y.  He  graduated  from  the 
Cornell  university  of  Ithaca.  N.Y.  During 
the  .Mexican  war  he  served  as  volunteer, 
lie  was  school  superintendent,  a  justice  of 
the  peace,  and  held  various  other  offices. 
He  died   Ai)ril   Jl.   lS7(i.  in  New  York. 

Sweet,  Sylvester  James  Perry,  educator, 
author,  w.is  born  .\pril  30.  1853,  near  Wan- 
pun.  Wis.  Since  1891  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Santa  Rosa  business  college,  Cali- 
foiiiiii.  He  is  the  author  of  Sweet's  Short 
Methods  in  Arithmetic;  Sweet's  Bookkeej)- 
ing;  Elements  of  Geometry;  Sweet's  System 
of  Practical  Penmanship;  and  other  works. 
Sweetland,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Dec.  19.  1856.  in  Pawtucket.  U.I. 
He  has  been  clerk  of  the  Uliode  Island  house 


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of  representatives ;  and  judge  of  the  district 
court  for  the  sixth  judicial  district  of  Rhode 
Island.  Since  1905  he  has  been  presiding 
justice  of  the  superior  court  of  Rhode  Is- 
land. 

Sweet,  Willis,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Jan.  1,  1856,  in  Alburg 
Springs,  Vt.  He  was  appointed  United 
States  attorney  for  Idaho  in  1888  ;  and  was 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Idaho  in  1889,  which  position  he 
held  until  the  admission  of  Idaho  into  the 
union.  In  1889-95  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-first,  fifty-second  and  fifty-third 
congresses  as  a  republican ;  and  later  was 
attorney-general  of  Porto  Rico. 

Sweetser,  Charles,  congressman,  M^as  born 
in  Vermont.  In  1849-53  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Ohio  to  the  thirty-first  and  thir- 
ty-second congresses.  He  died  in  Delaware, 
Ohio. 

Sweetser,  Charles  Humphreys,  journalist, 
author,  was  bom  Aug.  25,  1841,  in  Athol, 
Mass.  He  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  where  he 
became  literary  editor  of  the  Times;  but 
owing  to  impaired  health  he  went  to  Flori- 
da. He  was  the  author  of  Songs  of  Am- 
herst ;  History  of  Amherst  College ;  and 
Tourist's  and  Invalid's  Guide  to  the  North- 
west. He  died  Jan.  1,  1871,  in  Palatka, 
Fla. 

Sweetser,  Delight,  Mrs.  F.  F.  Prentiss, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1873,  in  Hartford 
City,  Ind.  She  is  the  author  of  One  Way 
liound  the  World.  She  died  in  1903  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Sweetser,  Henry  Edward,  journalist, 
founder,  was  born  Feb.  19,  1837,  in  New 
York  City.  In  1860  he  was  made  night  edi- 
tor of  the  New  York  World ;  and  in  1863 
he  founded  the  Round  Table.  He  died  Feb. 
17.  1870.   in   New  York  City. 

Sweetser,  Moses  Forster,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  22,  1848,  in  Newburyport,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  Europe  for  Two  Hol- 
lars a  Day ;  Artist  Biographies,  in  fifteen 
volumes  ;  Summer  Days  Down  East ;  Guide- 
Books  to  New  England,  the  INIiddle  States, 
the  White  Mountains  and  the  Maritime  Prov- 
inces; and  In  Distance  and  in  Dream,  a 
story.  He  died  July  3,  1897,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Sweetser,  William,  physician,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Sojit.  8,  1797.  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  professor  of  medicine  at  Bow- 
doin  college  in  1845-61.  He  was  the  author 
of  Treatise  on  Consumption;  Digestion  and 
Its  Disorders;  Mental  Hygiene;  and  Human 
Life.  He  died  Oct.  14,  1875,  in  New  York 
City.  -   I 

Sweitzer,  Jacob  Bowman,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  major 
in  tlie  sixty-second  regiuieut  Pennsylvania  in- 
fantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigndier- 
goneral  of  volnntoors.  He  died  Nov.  9,  1888. 
Sweitzer,  Nelson  Bowman,  soldier,  was 
l)orn  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1853  he  gradu- 
ated from  the  United  States  military  acad- 
emy ;  in  1853  he  was  brevetted  second  lieu- 


tenant ;  was  regularly  promoted  to  colonel ; 
and  in  1865  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general.     He  died  March  7,  1898. 

Sweney,  John  Robson,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  Dec.  31,  1837,  in  West  Ches- 
ter, Pa.  He  had  charge  of  the  music  in  Beth- 
any presbyterian  church  of  Philadelphia.  He 
was  the  author  of  Gems  of  Praise;  The 
Garner ;  Joy  to  the  World  ;  The  Quiver ;  The 
Wells  of  Salvation  ;  Anthems  and  Voluntar- 
ies ;  Songs  of  Redeeming  Love ;  Songs  of  Tri- 
umph ;  Our  Sabbath  Home ;  Melodious  Son- 
nets ;  Songs  of  Joy  and  Gladness ;  Joyful 
Wing ;  Infant  Praises ;  Banner  Anthem 
Book ;  Glad  Hallelujahs ;  and  Showers  of 
Blessing.  He  died  April  10,  1899,  in  Ches- 
ter, Pa. 

Sweney,  Joseph  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  2, 
1845,  in  Warren  county,  Pa.  He  was  a 
sergeant  in  company  K  twenty-seventh  regi- 
ment Iowa  infantry,  in  which  company  he 
served  for  three  years.  He  was  brigadier 
and  inspector-general  of  Iowa.  In  1883  he 
was  elected  Iowa  state  senator ;  and  was  re- 
elected in  1887.  In  1887-91  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  fiftieth  and  fiftj^-first  con- 
gresses  as   a   republican. 

Swenie,  Denis  J.,  public  official,  was  born 
July  29,  1834,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland.  In  1879- 
1901  he  was  chief  of  the  Chicago  fire  depart- 
ment. 

Swensberg,  C.  G.,  educator,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  Sept.  20,  1835,  in  Germany. 
In  1866  he  opened  the  Grand  Rapids  com- 
mercial college,  Michigan.  He  was  the  pres- 
ident of  the  Telegram  publishing  company  ; 
and  was  president  of  the  board  of  public 
works  of  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.  He  died  Oct. 
7,  1897,  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Swenson,  Laurits  Selmer,  banker,  diplo- 
mat, capitalist,  was  born  June  12,  1865,  in 
New  Sweden,  Minn.  In  1897-1905  he  was 
United  States  minister  to  Denmark.  He  is 
vice-president  of  the  Union  state  bank;  and 
president  of  the  Minneapolis  macaroni  com- 
pany ;  and  is  interested  in  other  industrial 
concerns. 

Swensson,  Carl  Aaron,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  June  25,  1857.  in 
Sugar  Grove,  Pa.  He  has  received  a  thor- 
ough education  at  Au- 
gustana  college  and 
theological  seminary 
at  Rock  Island;  has 
had  conferred  upon 
him  the  degrees  of  A. 
'•^W  B.,  A.M.,  Ph.D.  and 
D.D. ;  and  has  visited 
Europe  twice.  In  1885 
he  was  secretary  of 
the  general  council  of 
the  evangelical  luth- 
eran  church ;  and 
president  of  the  same 
in  1893-94.  In  1888-89  he  served  with  dis- 
tinction as  a  member  of  the  Kansas  state 
legislature ;  and  for  many  years  was  pastor 
of    the   Bethany   luthoran   church   of   Linds- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


397 


boig,  Kan.  He  was  the  founder  ol!  Beth- 
any college ;  and  president  of  that  institu- 
tion since  1891.  He  was  a  distinguished  lec- 
turer ;  the  author  of  several  Swedish  and 
English  works;  and  for  nearly  a  quarter 
of  a  century  contributed  to  the  periodical 
press.  He  died  Feb.  15,  1904,  in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

Swenson,  Svante  Magnus,  merchant, 
hanker,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1816,  in  Sweden. 
Until  1861  he  was  engaged  in  the  general 
merchandise  and  banking  business  in  Texas. 
He  then  engaged  in  a  general  banking  and 
commission  business  in  New  York  and  New 
Orleans.  He  died  June  13,  1896,  in  New 
I'ork  City. 

Swett,  Josiah,  clergyman,  college  presi- 
dent, author,  was  born  Aug.  4,  1814,  in 
Clareniont,  N.H.  In  1865-67  he  was  a  pro- 
fessor in  the  Vermont  episcopal  institute ; 
and  in  1875-76  president  of  Norwich  univer- 
sity. He  was  the  author  of  English  Gram- 
mar, Tastoral  Visiting;  Family  Prayer ;  and 
The  Firmament  in  the  Midst  of  the  Waters. 
He  died  Jan.  4,  1890,  in  Highgate,  Vt. 

Swett,  Leonard,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
was  burn  Aug.  11,  1825,  near  Turner,  Maine. 
In  1865  he  removed  to  Chicago.  In 
1852-61  he  took  a  nactive  part  in  politics, 
canvassing  the  state  several  times ;  and  in 
1858,  at  the  special  request  of  Mr.  Lincoln, 
was  a  candidate  for  the  legislature  on  the 
republican  ticket,  and  was  elected  by  a  large 
majority.  He  delivered  the  oration  at  the 
unveiling  of  the  statue  of  Abraham  Lincoln 
in  Chicago,  111..  Oct.  22,  1887.     He  died  June 

8.  1889.    in    Chicago,    111. 

Swett,    Samuel,    author,    was    born   June 

9,  1782.  in  Ncwburyport,  Mass.  During  the 
war  of  1812  he  served  in  the  American  army 
as  a  top(jgraphical  engineer.  He  was  the 
author  of  History  and  Topographical  Sketch 
<if  Hunker  Hill  Battle;  Who  Was  Command- 
er at  Bunker  Hill  ;  and  Sketches  of  Distin- 
u'uished  Men  of  Newbury  and  Newburyport. 
He  died  Oct.  28,  1866,  in  Newburyport,  Mass. 

Swett,  Sophia  Miriam,  author,  was  born 
.M:iy  5.  18.58.  ill  Bifwi-r,  Maine.  Sin-  is  a 
writer  of  short  stories  and  juvenile  books; 
and  lives  at  Arlington,  Mass.  She  is  the 
autiior  of  Pennyroyal  and  Mint ;  The  Lolli- 
l>ops'  Vacation  ;  Caplain  Polly  ;  Flying  Hill 
Farm;  'i'he  Mate  of  tiie  Mary  Ann;  Cap'n 
Tiiislletop;  The  Ponkaty  liranch  Road;  Tom 
Pickering  of  Scutney  ;  Bilberry  Boys  and 
(Jirls;  Mary  Agusta's  Price;  and  Sonny 
Boy. 

Swett,  Susan  Hartley,  author,  was  born 
about  1860  in  Maine.  She  is  a  writer  of 
Arlington,  Mass.  She  is  the  aiithor  of  Field 
('lover  and  Beach  Crass,  a  volume  of  short 
Kturii's. 

Swett,  William,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  1.3,  1825,  in  Henniker,  N.H.  He  was 
a  deaf-mute  and  in  1842  became  president  of 
the  tlaliaudet  association  of  deaf-mutes.  In 
1879-84  he  was  sniierintendent  of  the  New 
England  industrial  school  for  deaf-mutes, 
which  he  founded  in  Beverly.     He  edited  the 


Dead-Mute's  Friend ;  and  was  the  author  of 
The  Adventures  of  a  Deaf-Mute  in  the 
White  Mountains.  He  died  March  25,  1884, 
in   Beverly,   Mass. 

Swatting,  Ernest  Volney,  educator,  law- 
yer, was  born  Aug.  1,  1858,  in  Berlin,  Wis. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  state;  and  graduated 
from  the  liigh  school  of  Berlin,  Wis.  For 
a  number  of  years  he  was  engaged  in  edu- 
cational work;  and  is  now  a  successful  law- 
yer of  Algona,  Iowa.  He  has  been  director 
of  the  First  national  bank  of  Algona,  Iowa. 

Swift,  Benjamin,  lawyer,  congressman, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  April  5, 
1781,  in  Amenia,  N.Y.  In  1813-14  and  1825- 
26  he  was  a  representative  in  the  general 
assembly.  In  1827-31  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Vermont  to  the  twentieth  and 
twenty-first  congresses ;  and  in  1833-35  and 
1837-39  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died  Nov.  11,  1847,  in  St.  Albans,  Vt. 

Swift,  Ebenezer,  soldier,  surgeon,  w-as 
born  Oct.  8,  1819,  in  Wareham,  Mass.  In 
1865  he  held  the  office  of  medical  director 
with  the  ranks  of  lieuteuant-coloncl  and 
colonel.  In  1869  he  received  the  additional 
brevet  of  brigadier-general  for  meritorious 
services  voluntarily  rendered  during  the  prev- 
alence of  cholera  at  Fort  Harker,  Kan.  In 
1874  he  became  medical  director  of  the  de- 
partment of  the  south;  and  in  1874-83  he 
was  assistant  medical  purveyor  in  New  York 
City. 

Swift,  Elisha  Pope,  clergyman,  was  born 
Aug.  12,  1792,  in  Williamstown,  Mass.  He 
became  pastor  of  the  second  presbyterian 
church  at  Pittsburgh  in  1819,  and  remained 
there  thirteen  years.  He  was  secretary  of 
the  Western  foreign  missionary  society  in 
1831-35  ;  and  pastor  of  the  first  presbyterian 
church  of  Alleghany  in  1835-65.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Sacred  Manual.  He  died 
April   3,  1865.   in   Alleghany.   Pa. 

Swift,  Frederick  William,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Connecticut.  In  1862  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  seventeenth  regiment  Michigan 
infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general   of    volunteers. 

Swift,  Gustavus  Franklin,  packer,  mer- 
chant, was  born  June  24.  1839,  in  Cape  Cod, 
Mass.  He  met  with  excellent  success  in  the 
work  of  shipping  fresh  meats  directly  from 
Chicago  to  all  parts  of  the  United  States 
and  to  Europe.  The  firm  of  Swift  and  com- 
pany has  a  capital  of  twenty  million  dol- 
lars.    He  died   in  1903  in  Chicago,  111. 

Swift,  Heman,  soldier,  was  born  in  Con- 
necticut. In  1776-77  he  served  in  the  revo- 
lutionary war;  an<l  in  1783  was  brevetted 
brijiadier-general  of  volunteers. 

Swift,  John  Franklin,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
congr.'ssMian.  was  Ixdii  Feb.  28,  1829.  in 
Bowling  Green,  Ky.  In  1857  he  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar.  In  1862,  1873  and  1877  h.- 
was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature ;  and 
in  1875  was  defeated  as  an  indeiieiident  can- 
didate for  congress.  In  1877  he  was  elected 
to  congress  as  a  republican.     In  1886  he  was 


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au  unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  of 
California.  In  1889  he  was  appointed  Unit- 
ed States  minister  to  Japan.  He  died  March 
10,   1891,    in   Tokio.   Japan. 

Swift,  John  Lindsay,  lawyer,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  in  1828  in  Massachusetts. 
He  has  been  deputy  collector  of  the  port  of 
Boston  since  1890.  He  is  the  author  of 
About  Grant. 

Swift,  Jonathan  Williams,  naval  officer, 
was  born  March  30,  1808,  in  Taunton,  Mass. 
He  entered  the  navy  as  midshipman  in  1823. 
He  was  promoted  to  commodore  on  the  re- 
tired list  in  1867.  He  died  July  30,  1877,  in 
Geneva,   N.Y. 

Swift,  Joseph  Gardner,  soldier,  civil  engi- 
neer, was  born  Dec.  31,  1783,  in  Nantucket, 
Mass.  He  entered  the  army  as  second  lieu- 
tenant of  engineers ;  and  was  promoted  cap- 
tain in  1806,  and  major  in  1808.  He  was 
colonel  and  principal  engineer  in  1812.  He 
was  chief  engineer  in  planning  the  defenses 
of  New  York  harbor.  He  died  July  23, 
1865,  in  Geneva,  N.Y. 

Swift,  Lewis,  astronomer,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  29,  1820,  in  Clarkson,  N.Y.  He 
is  director  of  Lowe  observatory  of  Califor- 
nia. In  1880  he  found  a  comet  with  a  period 
of  five  and  a  half  years ;  in  1881  he  discov- 
ered two  others.  He  has  discovered  lifteen 
comets;  and  has  received  nine  medals  and 
one  thousand  one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars 
for  astronomical  discoveries.  For  the  for- 
mer he  received  a  special  prize  of  five  hun- 
dred dollars  from  Mr.  Warner,  which  is  the 
largest  sum  ever  awarded  for  the  discovery 
of  any  heavenly  body.  He  is  the  author  of 
Simple  Lessons  in  Astronomy. 

Swift,  Lindsay,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  July  29.  1856,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  is 
editor  of  the  Boston  public  library.  He  is 
the  author  of  Brook  Farm. 

Swift,  Louis  Franklin,   packer,  was  born 

Sept.  27,  1862.  in  Cape  Cod,  Mass.  He  iden- 
tified himself  with  the  packing  business,  in 
whiih  the  family  have  become  famous ;  and 
has  sjient  a  portion  of  his  business  career  in 
England  in  the  interests  of  Swift  and  com- 
pany', of  which  company  he  is  now  second 
vice-])resident  at  Chicago,   111. 

Swift,  Lucian,  journalist,  publisher,  was 
born  July  14,  1848,  in  Akron,  Ohio.  In 
1885  he  became  part  owner  and  manager, 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Minneapolis 
Journal,  which  position  he  held  until  1908. 
lie  is  now  president  of  the  Housekeeper  cor- 
l)oration  of  Minneapolis,  publishers  of  the 
IIousekeei)er.  He  is  a  grandson  of  Zepha- 
niali  Swift. 

Swift,  Morrison  Isaac,  journalist,  author. 
He  is  a  writer  of  Cambridge,  INIass.  He  is 
the  author  of  Imperialism  and  Ijiberty ;  \ 
League  of  Justice;  and  The  Advent  of  Em- 
pire. 

Swift,  Robert,  conchologist,  donor,  was 
born  in  1799  in  IMiiladelphia.  His  collection 
of  shells,  said  to  be  the  finest  in  flie  West 
Indies,  was  arranged  in  Denmark,  and  pre- 
sented    to    the     Smithsonian     instilnlion     at 


Washington,  D.C.  The  collection  was  valued 
at  thirty  thousand  dollars.  He  died  May  6, 
1872,    in    St.   Thomas,   W.I. 

Swift,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  3,  1782,  in  Amenia,  N.Y.  He  was 
secretary  of  the  state  of  Vermont ;  judge  of 
probate  of  Addison  county  in  1819-41 ;  and 
a  judge  of  the  county  court  in  1855-57.  He 
was  the  author  of  History  of  tlie  Town  of 
Middlebury ;  Statistical  and  Historical  'Ac- 
count of  the  County  of  Addison,  Vermont ; 
and  addresses.  He  died  in  1875  in  Middle- 
bury.    ^'t. 

Swift,  William  Henry,  civil  engineer,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  Nov.  6,  1800,  in 
Taunton.  ]Mass.  He  made  an  examination 
of  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal,  of  whose 
board  of  trustees  he  was  president,  in  1845- 
71.  and  which  he  assisted  to  complete.  In 
1849  he  resigned  from  the  army;  and  was 
afterward  suc-cessi\ely  president  of  the  I'hil- 
adelphia,  Wilmington  and  Baltimore,  the 
Massachusetts  western  and  the  Hannibal  and 
St.  Joseph  railroads.  He  died  April  7,  1879, 
in  New  York  City. 

Swift,  Zephaniah,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
Irgishttor.  author,  congressman,  was  born 
in  February,  1759,  in  Wareham.  Mass.  In 
1793-97  he  was  a  representative  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  third  and  fourtli  congresses. 
He  was  placed  on  the  bench  of  the  superior 
court  of  the  state,  where  he  continued  eight- 
een years,  during  the  last  five  years  of  which 
he  was  chief  justice.  He  was  afterward  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  and  was  one 
of  the  committee  to  revise  the  statute  laws 
of  the  state.  He  was  the  author  of  Digest 
of  the  Laws  of  Connecticut.  He  died  Sept. 
27.  1823.  in  Warren.  Ohio. 

Swiggett,  Glen  Levin,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  15,  1867,  in  Cambridge  City, 
Ind.  Since  1903  he  has  been  professor  of 
modern  languages  in  the  iniiversity  of  the 
south.  He  is  the  author  of  Schiller,  the 
Message  of  His  Life;  Milton's  Ode  on  the 
Nativity. 

Swiler,  John  W.,  educator,  superintend- 
ent,  was  born  Dec.  14.  1844,  in  Iloguestown. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  Mon- 
mouth college ;  and 
the  Bryant  and  Strat- 
ton  commercial  col- 
lege, from  both  of 
which  institutions  he 
graduated  with  honor. 
For  thirteen  years  he 
was  a  teaclier  in  t  he 
Illinois  institution 

for  the  deaf  and 
dumb  ;  a  n  d  since 
1880  has  been  super- 
intendent of  t  h  e 
Wisconsin  state  school 
for  the  deaf  at  Delavan.  Wis.  lie  has  con- 
tributed valuable  articles  to  several  educ:i- 
lional  publicalions  on  educational  and  kin- 
(ll-ed    toi>ics. 

Swinburne,  John,  surgeon,  congressman, 
was  born  Mnv  30.  1820.  in  Deer  River,  N.Y. 


Pa 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


399 


He  was  appoiuted  .surgeon  by  the  surgeon- 
general  of  the  United  States ;  and  assigned 
to  duty  at  Savage's  station.  In  1864-68  he 
was  health  officer  of  the  port  of  New  York. 
In  1882  he  was  elected  mayor  of  Albany  ;  and 
in  1885-87  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  forty-ninth  congress.  He  died 
March   28.    1889,    in   Albany,    N.Y. 

Swinburne,  Louis  Judson,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  24,  1855,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  He  was  in  Paris  during  the  siege  of 
1871.  He  was  the  author  of  a  volume  of 
observations  on  the  subject  entitled  I'aris 
Sketches.  He  died  Dec.  9.  1887,  in  Colorado 
Si)rin,us.   Col. 

Swinburne,  William  Thomas,  naval  onicer, 
was  born  Aug.  24.  1847,  in  New])ort,  K.I. 
In  1862  he  entered  the  naval  academy  as  a 
midshiimian ;  and  has  served  in  the  West 
India  and  South  Pacific  squadrons.  In  1904 
he  was  promoted  commander ;  In  1906  at- 
tained the  rank  of  rear-admiral ;  and  since 
1906  has  been  commander-in-chief  of  the  Pa- 
cific s(iuadron. 

Swineford,  A.  P.,  governor.  In  1885-89  he 
was   li'iiiturial   irovFrnor  of  Alaska. 

Swing,  Albert  Temple,  clergyman,  theolo- 
gian, author,  was  born  Jan.  18.  1849,  in 
Bethel.  Ohio.  He  has  filled  pastorates  in  the 
congregational  church  :  and  since  1893  has 
i)een  profes.sor  of  church  history  at  Oberlin 
theological  seminary.  lie  is  the  author  of 
Theology  of  Albrecht  Hitschl ;  and  Life  of 
.Tamos   Harris  Fairchild. 

Swing,  David,  clergyman,  lecturer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  23,  1830,  in  Cincinnati.  He 
was  a  Presbyterian  clergyman  of  Chicago ; 
tried  for  heresy  in  1874,  and  acquitted  ;  sub- 
se<|uently  pastor  of  the  Central  church  there 
until  his  death.  He  was  the  author  of  Ser- 
mons ;  Club  Essays  :  Truths  for  Today  ;  Mo- 
tives of  Life;  and  Old  Pictures  of  Life,  a 
collection  of  essays.  He  died  Oct.  3,  1894, 
in   Ciiicago.   111. 

Swing,  Melvin,  author,  was  born  in  1863, 
in  Massachusetts.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Harrow    l-'iiigma. 

Swing,  Philip  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  He  resided  at  Batavia.  Ohio  ;  and 
in  1871  was  appointed  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  southern  district  of  Ohio.  He 
dird    in    <)liii). 

Swink,  George  W.,  agriculturist,  states- 
man, was  born  June  30.  1836.  in  Brecken- 
ridge  county.  Ky.  During  1875-84  he  was 
postmaster  at  Bocky  Ford.  Col.;  was  elected 
to  the  Colorado  state  senate  in  1892;  and 
received  the  re-election  in  1896.  He  took  an 
active  part  in  the  organization  of  several  ir- 
rigating comi)anies  ;  and  heli)ed  to  build  sev- 
eral large  canals  in  the  interests  of  his  coun- 
ty. He  was  a  ])ioneer  in  agriculture  and  Imrti- 
ing  sugar  beet;  and  succeeded  in  locating 
and  building  the  largest  sugar  plant  in  the 
west.  He  died  Sept.  24,  1910,  in  Kockv 
Ford,   Col. 

Swinney,  Edward  Fletcher,  banker,  capi- 
talist, was  l)()rn  Aug.  1,  1857.  in  Campbell 
county,  Va.  He  is  president  of  the  First  na- 


tional bank  of  Kansas  City,  Mo. ;  and  in 
1904-05  was  president  of  the  American  bank- 
ers' association. 

Swinton,  John,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  12,  1829,  in  Scotland.  In  1860-70 
he  was  chief  of  the  editorial  staff  of  the  New 
York  Times ;  and  in  1875-97  was  chief  of 
staff  and  editorial  writer  of  the  New  York 
Sun.  He  was  the  author  of  John  Swinton's 
Travels ;  and  Striking  for  Life.  He  died 
Dec.  15,  1901,  in  Brooklyi;,  N.Y. 

Swinton,  William,  journalist,  educator, 
author,  was  born  April  23,  1833,  in  Scot- 
land. In  1869-74  he  was  processor  of  belles 
lettres  in  the  university  of  California.  For 
many  years  he  was  literary  critic  on  the 
stall'  of  the  New  York  Times.  He  was  the 
author  of  Rambles  Among  Words;  Twelve 
Decisive  Battles  of  the  War;  Campaigns  of 
the  Armj'^  of  the  Potomac;  The  Times's 
Review  of  McClellan;  History  of  the  New 
Y'ork  Seventh  Regiment;  Word  Analysis; 
Bible  Word  Book;  and  Studies  in  English 
Literature.  He  died  Oct.  24,  1892,  in  New 
York  City. 

Swisher,  Mrs.  Bella  French,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1837,  in  Georgia.  She 
was  the  author  of  Struggling  Up  to  the 
Light,  a  novel;  Rocks  and  Shoals;  Flore- 
cita,  a  romance;  History  of  Brown  County, 
Wisconsin;  Cassie;  Homeless  Though  at 
Home;  and  The  Story  of  a  Woman's  Love. 
She  died  in   1804,  in  Texas. 

Swisshelm,  Mrs.  Jane  Gray,  journalist, 
abolitionist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  6.  1815, 
in  Pittsburg,  Pa.  She  was  the  author  of 
Letters  to  Country  Girls;  and  Half  a  Cen- 
tury, an  autobiography.  She  died  July  22, 
1884,   in    Swissvale,   Pa. 

Switzer,  Lucy  A.  Robbins  Messer,  tem- 
perance worker,  was  born  ^larch  28,  1844, 
in  Lowell,  Mass.  She  has  become  promi- 
nent as  a  worker  in 
the  Woman's  foreign 
Missionary  society 
and  the  Woman's 
Christian  temperance 
union,  and  has  writ- 
ten extensively  on 
those  subjects.  She 
has  traveled  thou- 
sands of  miles  in  the 
work,  and  has  attend- 
ed national  conven- 
tions in  Detroit,  Phil- 
adelphia, Minneapolis, 
Chicago,  and  Boston, 
has  been  territorial 
and  state  j)re.si(lent  of  the  Woman's  chris- 
tian   temperance    union    at    Cheney,    Wash. 

Switzer,  George  Washington,  clergyman, 
tlii'oliigiaii.  was  boiM  .\ov.  2,  1S.')4.  in  Tip- 
pecanoe county.  Ind.  lie  graduated  from 
the  ])<•  Pauw  university  of  Greencastle, 
Ind.:  and  has  gained  distinction  as  one  of 
the  leading  clergyman  of  the  tnetliodist 
episcopal  church.  In  1881  he  was  a  dele- 
gate    to     the     international     Young    men's 


Xashville,  Xew 
l'"(»r    eight    yt-ar 


York 

<    she 


400 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


christian  asociation  lield  in  London,  Eng- 
land; and  in  1897  was  vice-president  of 
the  Young  men's  christian  association  of 
Indiana.  He  is  a  popular  clergyman  of 
Indiana;  and  has  filled  pastorates  in  Craw- 
lordsville,  Brazil  and  West  Lafayette,  in 
that    state. 

Switzer,  Robert  Mauck,  congressman,  law- 
yer, was  born  March  6,  1863,  near  Gal- 
lipolis,  Ohio.  Since  1892  he  has  practiced 
law;  and  the  following  year  was  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  his  county.  In 
1911-15  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
sixty-second    and    sixty-third   congresses. 

Switzler,  Theodore  A.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Missouri.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
sixth  regiment  Missouri  cavalry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died  Jan.  21,  1879, 

Switzler,  William  Franklin,  journalist, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  March  16, 
1819,  in  Fayette  county,  Ky.     He  has  been 

a  representative  sev- 
eral times  in  the  Mis- 


times 
souri  state 
ture;  and 
member  of 
conventions 
and  1875  to 
constitutions 


legisla- 

was      a 

the    two 

of     1865 

form  the 

of    the 


state.  He  was  chief 
of  the  bureau  of  sta- 
tistics, treasury  de- 
partment,  during 
President  Cleveland's 
first  term.  He  was 
elected  to  the  forty-first  and  forty-second 
congresses.  In  1841  he  began  editorial 
work;  and  in  1843  established  the  Missouri 
Statesman,  which  he  published  and  edited 
for  forty-two  years;  and  in  1893  became 
the  editor  and  owner  of  The  Democrat  of 
Boonville.  He  is  the  author  of  Switzler's 
Illustrated  History  of  Missouri;  University 
of   Missouri;   and  other  works. 

Swoope,  Jacob,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1809-11  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  to  the  eleventh 
congress.     He  died   in  Virginia. 

Swope,  John  A.,  merchant,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  25,  1827,  in  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.  In  1883-87  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty-eighth 
and  forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  democrat. 
Swope,  Samuel  F.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty- 
fourth  congress.  He  died  in  Kentucky. 
Sword,  James  Brade,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Oct.  11,  1839,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  has  been  president  of  the  Philadelphia 
society  of  artists  since;  1878;  and  director 
of   the    art   club   since    1887. 

Swords,  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born  Nov. 
],  1806,  in  New  York  City.  In  1846  he  be- 
came connected  with  the  quartermaster 
department.  He  was  chief  quartermaster 
of  the  departments  of  the  Cumberland  and 


the  Ohio  in  1861-65,  was  engaged  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Chickamauga ;  and  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  and  major-general  in  the  United 
States  army  in  1865.  He  died  March  20, 
1886,   in   New    York   City. 

Sykes,  Edward  Turner,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  was  born  March  15,  1838,  in 
Decatur,  Ala.  In  1861-62  he  was  adjutant 
of  and  captain  in  the  tenth  Mississippi  in- 
fantry regiment,  confederate  service.  In 
lS()2-64  he  was  A.  A.  general  of  What  hall's 
brigade  of  infantry;  and  in  1864-65  filled 
the  same  position  in  Jackson's  cavalry  divi- 
sion. During  1884-88  he  served  with  dis- 
tinction as  a  state  senator  in  the  Missis- 
sippi legislature.  He  is  one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  of  the  south  at  Columbus,  Miss., 
where  he  has  held  high  positions  of  honor 
in  the  United  confederate  veterans,  and 
since  1894  has  been  adjutant-general  and 
chief  of  staff,  with  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral, department  east  of  the  Mississippi, 
United  confederate  veterans. 

Sykes,  Frederick  Henry,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1863,  in 
Canada.  He  has  been  professor  of  English 
literature  at  the  teacher's  college  of  Colum- 
bia university  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
now  president  of  the  Connecticut  college 
for  women.  He  is  the  author  of  French 
I]lements  in  Middle  English;  and  Syllabus 
of  Lectures  on  the  History  of  English  Lit- 
erature   in    tiie    Nineteenth    Century. 

Sykes,  George,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  Jersey.  In  1843-47  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  New  Jersey  to  the  twenty- 
eighth  and  twenty-ninth  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Sykes,  George,  soldier,  was  born  Oct. 
9,  1822,  in  Dovei-.  Del.  In  1842  he  gradu- 
ated from  tjie  United  States  military  acad- 
emy; and  was  as- 
signed to  the  third 
infantry.  He  served 
in  the  latter  part  of 
the  Florida  war,  in 
the  west  and  in  Tex- 
as. In  1846  he  was 
promoted  lieutenant ; 
and  during  the  Mexi- 
can war  was  bre- 
vetted captain  for 
gallantry.  He  was 
on  frontier  and  gar- 
rison duty;  and  in 
He  was  brevetted  col- 
onel for  gallantry  at  Gaines'  Mills;  and 
in  1861  was  commissioned  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.  In  1862  he  became  major- 
general;  and  at  the  close  of  the  civil  war 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  army  and  major-general  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorius  services.  He  died  Feb. 
9,  1880,  in  Brownsville,  Texas  and  congress 
appropriated  one  thousand  dollars  for  tlie 
removal   of  his   remains   to  West  Point. 

Sykes,  James,  physician,  state  senator, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  March 
27,     1761,     in     Dover,     Del.       In     1777-78 


1861  became  major. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


401 


he  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to  the 
continental  congress.  He  was  often  a 
member  of  the  state  senate,  over  which  he 
presided  for  nearly  fifteen  years;  and  he 
was  acting  governor  of  Delaware  in  1801- 
02.  He  diod  Oct.  18,  1822,  in  Dover,  Del. 
Sykes,  M'Cready,  lawyer,  author,  was 
l)orn  Dec.  25,  ISW).  in  Isleham,  Va.  He  is 
president  of  the  Wilson  fruit  coin])any;  and 
is  interested  in  ranching  and  irrigation 
of  the  arid  lands.  He  is  the  author  of 
Toe's    Run    and    Other    Poems. 

Sylvester,  Herbert  Milton,  lawyer,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1849,  in  Lowell, 
Mass.      He    was    educated    in    the    public 

schools  and  at  the 
academy  of  Eridge- 
t  o  n,  Mass.  He 
studied  law  in  1872; 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  and  practiced  in 
Boston,  Mass.  I  n 
1891  he  removed  to 
Maine;  and  was  trial 
magistrate  witli  civil 
and  criiuinal  jurisdic- 
tion for  the  county 
of  Cumberland.  He  is 
a  writer  on  birds, 
plants  and  natural  phenomena;  and  is  an 
illustrator  and  magazine  contributor.  He 
is  tlie  author  of  Prose  Pastorals;  Home- 
stead Highways;  Romance  of  Casco  Bay; 
Ancient  York;  The  Sokoki  Trial;  Pemaquid, 
tiie  Land  of  St.  Castin;  Fallow  Fields  and 
Inilian    ^^'al■s   in   tlie    Proviiicc  of   ]\Liiiie. 

Sylvester,  Nathaniel  Bartlett,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  22,  1825,  in  Denmark, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  Troy,  N.Y.  He 
was  the  author  of  Historical  Sketches  of 
Nortliern  New  York,  History  of  the  Con- 
necticut Valley  of  Massachusetts;  Indian 
Legends  of  Saratoga;  Historical  Narratives 
of  the  Upper  Hudson;  and  Histories  of 
Saratoga,  Rensselaer,  and  Ulster  Coiinties, 
N.Y.  lie  died  July  1.3,  1894,  in  Argyle,  N.Y. 
Sylvester,  Peter  H.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  17.  1807,  in  Kinderhook,  N.Y. 
In  1827  he  graduated  from  Union  college; 
and  began  tlie  j)ractice  of  law  at  Coxsackie, 
N.Y.  In  1847-51  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirtieth  and  thirty- 
first  congresses.     He  died  in  New   York. 

Symes,  George  G.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
(ongressnian,  was  born  .April  28.  1840,  in 
.'\shtabula  county,  Ohio.  In  1862  he  raised 
a  volunteer  company;  and  re-entered  the 
s«'rviee  as  adjutant  of  the  twenty-lifth 
regiment  of  Wisconsin  volunteers.  He  was 
jjronKjted  eoloncd  of  the  forty-fourth  Wis- 
consin regiment.  In  1869  he  was  appointed 
an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
.Montana.  In  1874  he  moved  to  Denver. 
<  olo..  wliere  he  continued  to  practice  law. 
In  1885-87  he  was  representative  from  Colo- 
rado to  tiie  forty-ninth  congress  as  a  repub- 
Ii<an.  He  died"  Nov.  4,  ISO.'?,  in  Denver, 
Colo. 


J 


Symmes,  Frank  Jameson,  merchant, 
banker,  naval  otbcer,  was  born  June  7, 
1847,  in   Kingston,  Mass.     He  was  educated 

in   the   public   schools 
I— ~ of  his  native  citv;   in 

rl  ^^  1860-64      at      P'a  r  t- 

^  ridge    academy    of 

^J  Duxbury,     Mass.;     in 

*^  ^^  1804-66  was  a  student 

in  the  ^Lawrence  sci- 
entific school  of  Hart- 
-«L-Lii^  ford  university  where 

^A^  ^HK  he    received    the    de- 

^^^^^^  ^^^k  gree  of  S.6.;    and  at- 

j^^^^^^^H^^^^  the     United 

■HHIil^^^k_jHK     states      naval      acad- 

^ amy.     In    1868-69    lie 

served  on  tlie  Dacotah  in  the  Soutli  Pacific 
squadron;  and  in  1870-71  saw  service  on 
the  Pensacola,  Saginaw,  Resaca  and  Sara- 
nac.  In  1871  he  resigned  from  the  United 
States  navy  as  second  assistant  engineer. 
In  1871-76  was  a  sah'sman;  in  1883-190.3 
was  president  and  since  then  has  been  vice- 
president  of  Thomas  Day  company  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  In  1903-07  he  was  president 
of  the  Central  trust  company  of  California; 
and  since  1902  has  been  treasurer  of  the 
Pacific  meter  company.  He  is  a  director 
of  Spring  Valley  water  company  and  a  mem- 
ber of  several  clubs  aiul  societies. 

Symmes,  John  Cleves,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  21,  1742,  in  Long 
Island,  N.Y.  In  1777  he  was  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey. 
In  1785-86  lie  was  a  delegate  from  New 
Jersey  to  the  continental  congress ;  and 
was  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  New 
Jersey.  In  1788  he  was  appointed  judge  of 
the  northwest  territory;  and  founder  of 
the  settlements  in  the  ]\Iianii  country.  He 
died  Feb.  2(!,  1814.  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Symmes.  John  Cleves,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  in  1780,  in  New  Jersey.  He  was  a 
soldier  of  Newport,  Ky.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Theory  of  Concentric  Spheres, 
an  attempt  to  prove  that  the  earth  is  hol- 
low, oi)en  at  the  poles,  and  habitable  in 
the  interior.  In  1823  congress  was  i)eti- 
tioned  to  send  an  expedition  to  the  north 
to  investigate  the  Symmes'  theory  that 
tlie  earth  was  hollow,  being  opened  at  the 
poles  for  the  admission  of  light  and  air, 
and  inliabit.'d.  He  died  :May  28,  1829.  in 
liaiiiiltoii,  Ohio. 

Symonds,  Brandreth,  iihysician,  author, 
was  born  ^larcli  4,  186.3,  in  Ossining, 
N.Y.  Since  1888  he  has  been  connected 
with  the  Mutual  life  insurani-e  companv  of 
New  \'(Mk  City;  and  since  li)03  has  been 
medical  director  of  that  company.  He  is 
the  author  of  .Manual  of  Chemistry:  ami 
Life    Insurance    l'"xaiiiiiiations. 

Symonds,  Frederick  Martin,  naval  olli- 
cei,  was  horn  .May  16,  1816,  in  Watertown, 
N.Y.  In  1868  he  was  pnnnoted  ensign;  in 
1900  he  became  coniniander;  and  in  1902 
was  retired   with   tlie   rank   of  rear-admiral. 


402 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


In    1904-05    he    was    on    duty   in   connection 
witli    steamboat    inspection    service. 

Symonds,  Joseph  White,  lawyer,  orator, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  2,  1841,  in 
kaymond,  Maine.  He  has  been  city  solici- 
tor, judge  of  tlie  superior  court  of  Port- 
land; and  in  1878-84  was  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Maine.  He  is  the 
author  of  an  oration  entitled  Nathaniel 
Hawthorne.  • 

Symons,  Thomas  William,  soldier,  civil 
and  military  engineer,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  7,  184'J,  in  Kcesville,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  7,  1849,  in  Keesville,  N.Y.  He  is  a 
colonel  of  corps  of  engineers  in  the  United 
States  army.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Columbia  River;  and  A  Ship  Canal  From 
the  ({reat  Lakes  to  the  Sea. 

Sypher,  Jay  Hale,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  22,  1837,  in  Perry 
county.  Pa.  In  1861  he  enlisted  as  a 
private  soldier  in  the  first  regiment  Ohio 
liglit  artillery  and  served  througli  the  civil 
war.  He  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant, 
captain  and  colonel;  and  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  tlie  United  States  volun- 
teers. In  1867-75  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fortieth,  forty-first,  forty-second  and 
forty-third  congresses.  He  died  in  1905,  in 
Washington.   D.C. 

Sypher,  Josiah  Rhinehart,  journalist,  law- 
yer, was  born  April  12,  1832,  in  Liverpool, 
Pa.  He  was  war  correspondent  of  the  New 
York  Tribune;  and  for  several  years  asso- 
ciate editor  of  tliat  publication.  He  was 
editor  of  the  State  Journal  of  Harrisburg, 
Pa.;  and  is  now  a  noted  lawyer  of  Phila- 
delphia. He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
tlie  Pennsylvania  Reserve  Corps;  School 
History  of  Pennsylvania.  The  Art  of 
Teaching  School;  and  School  History  of 
New    Jcresy. 

Szabad,  Emeric,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
In  1822,  in  Hungary.  He  was  a  soldier 
under  (Jaribaldi;  and  came  to  America  in 
1861,  and  served  in  the  federal  army.  He 
was  the  author  of  Hungary  Past  and  Pres- 
ent; vState  Policy  of  Modern  Europe;  and 
Modern  War.  Its  Theory  and  Practice.  He 
died    about    1890. 

Tabb,  John  Banister,  educator,  clergy- 
man, author,  poet,  was  born  March  22,  1845, 
in  Amelia  county,  Va.  He  is  a  Roman 
catholic  priest  and  educator;  and  professor 
cf  English  literature  in  St.  Charles'  college 
of  Elliott  City,  Md.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
Poems:  Lyrics;  An  Octave  to  Mary;  Snips 
and  (^)uiddits:   and  other  works. 

Taber,  Charles  A.  M.,  author,  poet,  was 
born  April  3,  1824,  in  Rochester,  Mass.  He 
luis  ])ub]islied  Essays  on  Prevailing  Winds, 
Ocean  Currents,  and  Frigid  Periods.  He  is 
the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled 
Rhymes   from    a    Sailor's   Journal. 

Taber,  Harry  Persons,  journalist,  founder, 
autlior,  was  born  Dec.  25.  1865,  in  East  Au- 
rora, N.Y.  In  1895  he  founded  the  Philis- 
tine   and    the    Roycroft    shop    of    East    Au- 


rora, N.Y.    He  is  the  author  of  The  Rubai- 
yat   of  the  Commuter;    and  other  works. 

Taber,  Mrs.  Mary  Jane  Howland,  littera- 
teur, author,  Avas  born  Aug.  1.  1834,  in 
Aurora,  N.Y.  She  is  the  autlior  of  German- 
English  Primer;  The  Cathedrals  of  Eng- 
land:   and   Just   a   Few   Friends. 

Taber,  Stephen,  farmer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  7,  1821,  in 
Dover,  N.Y.  In  1860-61  he  w^as  a  member 
of  the  New  York  state  legislature.  In  1865- 
69  he  was  a  representative  from  New  Y'ork 
to  the  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth  congresses. 
Taber,  Thomas,  agriculturist,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  May  19,  1785, 
in  Dover,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  legislature  in  1826;  and  in  1827- 
29  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  tlie  twentieth  congress.  He  died  March 
21.    1862,   in   Dover,   N.Y. 

Tabor,  Charles  Franklin,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  June  28,  1841,  in  St.  Joseph 
(onnty,  Midi.  In  1876-77  he  served  as  a 
member  of  the  New  Y'ork  state  assembly; 
and  in  1888-91  was  attorney-general  for 
tlie   state  of  New  York. 

Tabor,  Edward  A.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  July  28,  1857,  near  Water  Valley, 
Miss.  He  is  now  state  superintendent  of 
Arkansas  of  the  anti-saloon  league.  He  is 
the   author  of  Danger   Signal. 

Tabor,  Horace  Austin  Warner,  miner, 
m  e  r  c  h  a  n  t,  lieutenant-governor,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1830,  in 

Orleans  county,  Vt.  In 
1857  lie  became  a 
member  of  the  Tope- 
ka  legislature,  Kan. 
in  1860-65  he  was  en- 
gaged in  mining  in 
Leadville,  Colo.;  and 
in  1865-78  was  also 
engaged  in  mercan- 
tile life.  He  was 
postmaster  of  that 
city;  twice  its  may- 
or; was  president  of 
the  Leadville  Im- 
established  and  man- 
aged the  Leadville  bank;  and  became  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Colorado.  In  1883  he 
was  United  States  senator  to  fill  a  va- 
cancy. In  1897  he  was  appointed  post- 
master of  Denver.  He  died  April  10,  1899, 
ill    Denver,    Col. 

Tadd,  J.  Liberty,  art  editor,  author,  was 
born  in  1854,  in  England.  Since  1884 
he  lias  been  director  in  the  public  industrial 
art  school  of  Philadelphia.  Pa.;  and  has 
lectured  in  the  Ihiited  States,  England 
and  Canada  on  education  and  art.  He  is 
the   author  of  New    iNfetliods    in    Education. 

Tafel,  Johann  Friedrich  Leonhard,  edu- 
cator, author.  He  reiiiovid  to  the  Ignited 
States  in  1853;  and  lived  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  was  the  author  of  Staat  und  Christen- 
thuni;  Der  Christ  und  der  .\theist;  and 
A      German-English      and      English-German 


provement  company 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


403 


Pocket   Dictionary.     He   died   in   St.   Louis, 
Mo. 

Tafel,  Gustav,  soldier,  educator,  journal- 
ist, lawyer,  was  born  Oct.  13,  18.30,  in 
(Jermany.     He  received  his  early  education 

at      Uhn,      (ierniany. 
and    in     1847    gradu- 
ated   from    the    Latin 
^^      academy    of    Schorn- 
V'  ■     dorf,     Germany.       In 
***  1847     he     located     in 

Cincinnati,  Ohio.  Ho 
learned  the  printers 
trade;       engaged      i  n 

journalistic       work; 

*^i^  Jj^l  and  in  1858  was  ad- 
~  ^^^^  mittea  to  the  bar.  In 
1848  he  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the 
first  German  gymnastic  association  in 
America.  In  1861  he  enlisted  as  a  private 
soldier  in  the  ninth  regiment  Ohio  infan- 
try; served  until  180.3  when  lie  was  mus- 
tered out  as  colonel  in  the  one  hundred  and 
sixth  regiment  Oliio  volunteer  infantry.  In 
18().')  he  was  elected  to  the  Ohio  state  legis- 
lature and  in  1807-!)!)  was  mayor  of  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio. 

Tafel,  Rudolph  Leonhard,  educator,  cler- 
gynum.  author,  was  born  Nov.  24,  1831, 
in  (ilernmny.  He  was  formerly  educator  of 
St.  Louis:  and  since  18(58  a  Swedenborgian 
minister  in  London,  England.  He  is  the 
author  of  Ihnanuid  Swedenborg  as  Philoso- 
lilicr  and  .Man;  Our  Heavenward  Journey; 
Authority  in  the  New  Church;  The  Preach- 
ing Gilt:  and  Investigation  as  to  the  Laws 
of    lOnglisli    Pronunciation   and    Prosody. 

Tatfe,  John,  lawyer,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  30,  1827,  in  In- 
(!iana])olis.  Ind.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
territorial  legislature  in  18r)8-.j!).  In  18G0 
he  was  elected  to  the  council;  and  in  the 
winter  of  18(51  was  made  president  of  that 
I'ody.  In  1S(52  he  raised  i  regiment  of 
cavalry  for  service  against  tin-  Indians;  and 
was  made  a  major.  In  18(57-7:5  he  was  a 
lepresentative  from  Nebraska  to  the  for- 
tieth, forty-first  and  forty-second  con- 
gr«'sscs  as  a  ri'publicati.  In  187")  he  was 
appointed  secretary  of  Colorado,  lie  died 
in   Ohaha.  Xeb. 

Taft,  Alplonso,  lawyer,  jurist.  dii)lomat, 
labinet  ollieei-.  was  born  Nov.  5,  1810,  in 
Townsend.  \'t.  In  lS(>()-7r)  he  was  on  the 
l)en<li  of  the  superior  court  of  Cincinnati. 
In  187(5-77  he  was  secretary  of  war;  and 
in  187(5  he  was  attorney -general  of  the  I'nit- 
cd  States.  In  1SS2  he  was  ai)pointed  rnited 
States  minister  to  Austria:  and  in  1881 
was  transferred  to  Russia  where  he  served 
until  188-).  He  died  May  21.  18!)l.  in  San 
Diego,    (al. 

Taft,  Henry  Waters,  lawyer,  was  born 
-May  27,  lS.")'.t.  in  Cincinnati,  (Jliio.  He  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of  B.A.  and  M.A.  from 
Yale  university,  and  since  1882  has  prac- 
tici'd  law  in  New  York  City.  He  has  been 
a    member   of  the   citv   board   of   education. 


and  is  now  one  of  the  trustees  of  the  New 
York  public  library.  He  has  been  vice- 
juesident  of  the  association  bar  of  the 
city  of  New  York,  and  is  a  trustee  of  the 
Mutual  life  insurance  company  of  New 
York. 

Taft,  Charles  P.,  journalist,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  21, 
1843,    in    Cinciniuiti,    Ohio.      He    graduated 

from  the  Columbia 
college  law  school  of 
New  York  in  the 
spring  of  1866;  in 
the  fall  of  1866  he 
went  to  Germany,  and 
took  a  degree  at  tin; 
university  of  Heidel- 
berg in  the  spring  of 
1868.  In  1871  he  was 
elected  a  member  of 
the  house  of  repre- 
sentatives of  the 
general  assembly  of 
Ohio.  Since  1879  he  has  been  in  the  news- 
j)aper  business;  and  is  the  editor  of  the 
(Cincinnati  Times-Star.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  board  of  sinking-fund  trustees  of  the 
city  of  Cincinnati.  In  1895-97  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fifty-fourth  congress 
as  a  republican.  In  1905  he  was  president 
of  the  Ohio  electoral  college. 

Taft,  Horace  Dutton,  educator,  founder, 
was  born  Dee.  28,  1861,  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
In  1887-90  he  was  a  tutor  of  Latin  in  Yale 
university.  In  1890  he  fouuded  and  has 
since  been  head  master  of  the  Taft  school  of 
AYatertown,  Conn. 

Taft,  Jonathan,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  17,  1820,  in  Russelville,  Ohio.  lu 
1842  he  began  the  practice  of  dentistry  in 
Kipley,  Ohio;  and  in  1854  was  a  professor 
at  the  (3hio  college  of  dental  surgery.  He 
was  editor  of  the  Dental  Register  of  the 
West.  For  many  years  he  practiced  dentis- 
try in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  was  the  author 
of  Operative  Dentistry.  He  died  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio. 

Taft,  Lorado,  educator,  lecturer,  sculptor, 
was  born  April  29.  1860,  in  Elmwood.  111. 
He  has  executed  many  busts  and  medallions, 
a  statue  of  Schnyh-r  Colfax,  which  was  un- 
veiled in  Indianapolis  in  1888;  ami  reliefs 
for  Michigan  regimental  monuments  on  the 
Gettysburg  batllefield  ;  and  statue  of  Grant 
at  Fort  Leavenworth.  lie  is  instructor  in 
sculpture  at  the  (  hicago  art  institute;  and 
in  1900  was  president  Western  society  of 
artists.  lie  is  the  author  of  The  History  of 
.Vnieriean    S<-nlpture. 

Taft,  Royal  Chapin,  manufacturer,  legis- 
lator, l)anker,  governor,  was  born  Feb.  14, 
1823.  in  N«ulhliri<lge.  Mass.  In  1849  he  en- 
gaged in  nmnufaeturing  cotton  and  woolen 
goods;  an«l  subse(|uently  ae(|uire(l  large  iutei-- 
ests  in  other  mills.  In  1880-84  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Ithoile  Islaml  state  legisla- 
tur(>:  and  was  the  thirty-fifth  governor  of 
Klio<ie  Island  in  1888-89.  He  is  now  pres- 
ident   of    the    Merchants'    national    bank    of 


404 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Providence,  R.I. ;  aud  president  of  the  Bos- 
ton and  Providence  railroad. 

Taft,  Russell  Smith,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, jurist,  autlior.  was  born  Jan.  28,  1835, 
in  Williston,  Vt.     He  is  a  successful  lawyer 

of  Burlington,  Vt. ; 
and  has  filled  numer- 
ous municipal  posi- 
tions. He  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Ver- 
mont house  of  repre- 
sentatives ;  and  also 
of  the  state  senate ; 
and  was  presiding  of- 
ficer in  both  houses. 
He  has  been  city  and 
state's  attorney ;  and 
filled  the  office  of  lieu- 
tenant-governor o  f 
Vermont.  In  1880-99  he  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Vermont ;  and 
in  1899-1900  was  chief  justice.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  sketch  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Vermont ;  and  a  Judicial  History  of  Ver- 
mont. He  died  March  22,  1902,  in  Burling- 
ton,  Vt. 

Taggart,  Joseph,  congressman,  lawyer, 
was  born  June  15,  1867,  in  Allamakee  coun- 
ty, la.  fSince  1894  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Kansas.  In  1911-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  Kansas  to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third  congresses. 

Taft,  William  Howard,  president  of  the 
United  States  of  America,  was  born  Sept. 
15,    1857,   in    Cincinnati,   Ohio.      His   father 

was  Alphonso  Taft, 
born  in  1810  at  Town- 
send,  Vt. ;  was  a  grad- 
uate of  Yale,  1833; 
judge  superior  court, 
Cincinnati,  1865-71 ; 
secretary  of  w  a  r. 
1875-76  ;  a  1 1  o  r  u  e  y- 
general,  1876-77; 
^      '   7    '    X  United     States    minis- 

ter  to    Austria,    1883- 
85 ;       United       States 
minister      to      Itussia, 
1885-87.      His   mother, 
Louise   M.    (Torrey)    Taft,   was   a   daughter 
of    Samuel   D.   Torrey,    a   West   India    mer- 
chant,    of    Boston ;     was    born     in    Boston, 
Sept.    11,    1827,    and    married    at    Millbury, 
Mass.     The   president   was   educated   in    the 
public      schools      of      Cincinnati,      including 
Woodward  high  school,  where  he  was  gradu- 
ated,   1874 ;    at   Yale   university    four   years, 
graduating   in    1878    with   the   degree    B.A. ; 
entered  law  school,  Cincinnati  college,  1878, 
graduating    in    1880    with    the    degree    B.L.. 
dividing    first    prize.      He    was    admitted    lo 
the    bar    of    the    supreme    court    of    Ohio    in 
1880 ;    was   law    reporter   of    the    Cincinnati 
Times,    and    subsequently   of    the    Cincinnati 
Commercial  in  1880.     He  was  appointed  as- 
sistant  prosecuting   attorney    1881 ;    resign'nl 
in  1882  to  become  collector  of  internal  reve- 
nue,  first  district  of   Ohio,   under  President 
Arthur;    resigned    the    collectorship    in    1883 


to  enter  practice  of  the  law ;  continued  in 
practice  till  1887,  holding  meantime  from 
1885  the  office  of  assistant  county  solicitor, 
Hamilton  county.  In  March,  1887,  he  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Foraker  judge  of 
the  superior  court  of  Cincinnati,  to  fill  a 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Judson 
Harmon ;  in  April,  1888,  was  elected  to  suc- 
ceed himself  judge  of  the  superior  court  for 
five  years  ;  resigned  in  February  1890,  to  be- 
come solicitor-general  of  the  United  States, 
under  appointment  of  President  Harrison ; 
resigned  March,  1892,  to  become  judge  of 
the  United  States  court  for  the  sixth  judi- 
cial circuit  and  ex-officio  member  circuit 
court  of  appeals  of  the  sixth  circuit.  In 
1896  became  professor  and  dean  of  the  law 
department  of  the  university  of  Cincinnati ; 
resigned  in  1900  the  circuit  judgeship  and 
deanship  to  become,  by  appointment  of 
President  McKinley,  president  of  the  United 
States  Philippine  commission ;  on  July  4, 
1901,  by  appointment  of  President  McKin- 
ley, became  the  first  civil  governor  of  the 
Philippine  Islands ;  Nov.  1,  1901,  turned 
over  the  office  of  governor  to  Vice-Governor 
Wright  on  account  of  illness.  In  June, 
1908,  Mr.  Taft  was  nominated  by  the  repub- 
lican national  convention  at  Chicago  for  the 
presidency,  and  elected  president  of  the 
United  States  of  America,  receiving  three 
hundred  and  twenty-one  electoral  votes  to 
one  hundred  and  sixty-two  for  William  J. 
Bryan   of   Nebraska. 

Taggart,  Marion  Ames,  author,  poet,  was 
born  May  7,  1866,  in  Haverhill,  Mass.  Since 
1882  she  has  been  a  writer  of  poems  and 
articles  for  the  New  York  Magazine.  She 
is  the  author  of  Three  Girls  aud  Especially 
One ;    Nut-Brown    Joan ;    and    other    works. 

Taggart,  Moses,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Aug.  21,  1799,  in  Colerain,  Mass.  He  prac- 
ticed law  for  fifty-five  years;  pi'incipally  in 
Batavia,  N.Y.  He  held  the  office  of  county 
judge  and  surrogate,  district  attorney,  and 
was  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court ;  and  by 
virtue  of  his  position  held  a  place  in  the 
court  of  appeals  for  several  years.  He  died 
Fob.  17,  1883.  in  Batavia,  N.Y. 

Taggart,  Samuel,  clergyman,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  24,  1754,  in  London- 
derry, N.H.  In  1777  he  was  installed  as 
liastor  of  a  church  in  Colerain,  Mass.  In 
1803-17  he  was  a  representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts to  the  eighth,  ninth,  tenth,  eleventh, 
twelfth,  thirteenth  and  fourteenth  congress- 
es. He  died  April  25,  1825,  in  Colerain, 
Mass.  . 

Taggart,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1793-95  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
sui>reme  court  of  Rhode  Island. 

Taggart,  William  Marcus,  journalist,  was 
born  Jan.  25,  1852.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
was  the  owner  and  editor  of  the  Taggart 
Times,  which  has  remained  in  the  same  fam- 
ily for  three  generations.  He  died  in  1896 
in   Philadelphia.   Pa. 

Tagliabue,  Giuseppe,  instrunient-nrnker, 
was  born  Aug.  l6,  1812,  in  Italy.    He  settled 


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405 


in  New  York  in  1833  ;  and  soon  acquired  the 
reputation  of  being  one  of  tlie  most  com- 
petent instrument-makers  in  America.  His 
liydrometer  for  the  proving  of  whiskj'  was 
adopted  by  the  United  States  internal 
revenue  department  in  preference  to  all  oth- 
ers ;  and  he  made  instruments  for  the  United 
States  coast  survey.  lie  died  May  7,  1878, 
in  Mount  Vernon.  N.Y. 

Tagliaferro,  James  G.,  lawyer,  jurist. 
In  1866-76  he  was  an  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Louisiana. 

Tainter,  Andrew,  lumberman,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  July  6,  1823,  in  Salina. 
N.Y.     In  1832  he  moved  west  to  Prairie  du 

Chien,  Wis. ;  and  in 
1895  moved  to  Chip- 
pewa Falls.  Wis.  He 
has  attained  success 
in  the  lumber  busi- 
ness ;  and  commanded 
the  first  steamboat 
which  was  used  by  his 
firm  on  the  Chippewa 
liver.  He  presented 
to  the  city  of  Menom- 
inee a  public  library 
and  Memorial  hall, 
which  is  the  chief  or- 
nament of  that  city.  Commencing  fifty 
years  ago  with  no  capital,  he  eventually  con- 
trolled interests  in  the  largest  lumber  mills 
of  Wisconsin,  and  became  the  wealthiest  man 
in  the  Chippewa  valley.  He  died  in  Menom- 
inee, Wis. 

Tainter,  Charles  Sumner,  mechanic,  in- 
ventor, was  born  April  25,  1854,  in  Water- 
town,  Mass.  He  has  invented  the  grapho- 
phone  ;  and  the  radiophone.  He  is  a  fellow 
of  the  American  association  for  the  advance- 
ment of  science. 

Tait,  Arthur  Fitzwilliam,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Aug.  5,  1819,  in  England.  In 
1858  he  became  a  member  of  the  National 
academy  of  design.  He  gained  a  national 
reputation  as  an  artist  and  painted  from 
nature.  Many  of  his  works  were  litho- 
graphed or  engraved.  He  died  in  1905  in 
Vonkers,  N.V. 

Tait,  Charles,  lawyer,  jurist.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  in  1768  in  Louisa 
county.  Va.  He  was  for  several  years  a 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Georgia; 
and  in  1809-19  he  was  United  States  sena- 
tor from  tieorgia.  In  1819  he  moved  to 
Alabama;  and  was  appointed  district  judge 
of  tlio  United  States  district  court.  He 
died  Oct.  7,  1835,  in  Wilcox  county,  Ala. 

Tait,  John  Robinson,  artist,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Jan.  14,  1834,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
For  awhile  he  edited  The  Stylus  of  Beth- 
any, Va.  He  is  the  author  of  European 
Life.  Legend  and  Landscape;  and  a  volume 
of  Poems,  Dolce  far  Nientc. 

Talbert,  William  Jasper,  .soldier,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1846  in 
Edgefield  county,  S.O.  In  1880-84  he  was 
a  member  of  the  South  Carolina  legislature, 
and  of  the  state  senate  in  1884-88.    He  was 


superintendent  of  the  state  penitentiary. 
In  1893-1903  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-third,  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty- 
sixth  and  fifty-seventh  congresses. 

Talbot,  Arthur  Newell,  educator,  civil 
engineer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1857,  in 
Coi-tland,  111.  lie  has  been  engaged  in  civil 
engineering  work  on  railways  in  Colorado 
and  New  Mexico.  Since  1890  he  has  been 
professor  of  municipal  and  sanitary  engi- 
neering at  the  university  of  Illinois.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Railway  Transition 
Spiral. 

Talbot,  Charles  Remington,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  in  1851.  He  was  an  epis- 
copal clergj'man  at  VVrentham,  Mass.  He 
was  the  author  of  Honor  Bright;  Miltiades 
Peterkin  Paul;  Royal  Louise;  Romulus  and 
Remus,  a  dog  story;  A  Midshipman  at 
Large;  The  Imposter;  and  A  Romance  of 
the  Revolution.  He  died  in  1891  in  Wren- 
tham.   ]\Iass. 

Talbot,  Mrs.  Edith  Armstrong,  littera- 
teur, autlior,  was  born  Aug.  30,  1872.  in 
Stockbridge,  Mass.  She  is  the  author  of 
Samuel  Chapman  Armstrong,  a  Biograph- 
ical Study. 

Talbot,  Ethelbert,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  Oct.  9,  1848,  in  Fayette,  Mo.  He  was 
consecrated  missionary  bishop  of  Wj'oming 
and  Idaho  in  1887.  Since  1897  he  has  been 
protestant  episcopal  bisliop  of  central  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Talbot,  Eugene  Solomon,  dentist,  author, 
was  born  March  8,  1847,  in  Sharon,  Mass. 
He  is  a  noted  dentist  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  the  author  of  Degeneracy,  Its  Causes, 
Signs  and  Results;  The  Irregularities  of 
the  Teeth  and  Their  Treatment;  Chart  of 
the  Typical  Forms  of  Constitutional  Irregu- 
larities of  the  Teeth;  Developmental  Path- 
ology;  and  other  works. 

Talbot,  George  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  April  0,  1859,  in  Ledyard,  Conn. 
In  1902-00  he  was  justice;  and  since  1906 
has  been  cliief  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Nevada. 

Talbot,  Henry  Paul,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  15,  1864.  in  Boston,  Mass. 
In  1895-98  he  was  associate  professor;  and 
since  then  he  has  been  associate  professor 
of  analytical  chemistry  in  the  Massachu- 
setts institute  of  technology'.  He  is  the 
author  of  Introductory  Course  of  Quanti- 
tative Chemical  Analysis;  and  Bibliography 
of  the  Analytical  Chemistry  of  the  Man- 
ganese. 

Talbot,  Isham,  lawyer.  United  senator, 
senator,  was  born  in  1773  in  Bedford  coun- 
ty, Va.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
state  senate  in  1812-15.  In  1815-25  lie  was 
United  States  senator.  He  died  Sept.  27, 
18:}7.  near  Frankfort.  Ky. 

Talbot,  J.  Frederick  C,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  July  29,  1843,  in 
lialtiinore.  Md.  In  1H71-75  he  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Baltimore  county,  Md. 
In    1879-85    he    was    a    representative   from 


406 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Maryland   to   the   forty-sixth,    forty-seventh 
and  forty-eighth  congresses. 

Talbot,  John  Gunnel,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Aug.  16,  1844,  in  Danville,  Ky.  He 
died  Dec.   19,  1870,  in  Hawaii. 

Talbot,  Joseph  Cruikshank,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Sept.  5,  1816,  in  Alexan- 
dria, Va.  In  1853  he  became  rector  of 
Christ  protestant  episcopal  church  of  In- 
dianapolis, Ind.,  which  post  he  held  until 
he  was  elected  to  the  episcopate.  He  died 
Jan.  15,  1883,  in  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Talbot,  Mrs.  Mary  White,  illustrator,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  4,  1869,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Book  of 
Games;  How  to  Make  Baskets;  The  Book 
of  Children's  Parties;  How  to  Do  Bead- 
v.-ork;  How  to  Make  Pottery;  and  The 
Child's  Rainy  Day  Book. 

Talbot,  Matthew,  state  senator,  governor, 
was  born  in  1767  in  Virginia.  He  fre- 
(luently  served  in  the  Georgia  state  legisla- 
ture; and  was  a  delegate  to  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  Georgia.  He  was  for 
many  years  in  the  state  senate;  and  offi- 
ciated as  president  of  that  body.  He  was 
acting  governor  of  Georgia  in  1819.  He 
died  Sept.  17.  1827,  in  Wilkes  county,  Va. 

Talbot,  Samson,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  June  28,  1828,  in  Urbana, 
Ohio.  In  1863-73  he  was  president  of  the 
Denison  university.  He  died  June  10,  1873. 
Talbot,  Silas,  naval  officer,  congressman, 
was  bdvn  in  1751  in  Dighton,  Mass.  In 
1793-95  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  third  congress,  when  he  was 
ajjpointed  captain  in  the  navy.  He  served 
a  number  of  years  in  the  state  assembly 
from  IMontgoniery  county.  He  died  June 
30,  1813,  in  New  York  City. 

Talbot,  Thomas,  manufacturer,  state  leg- 
ishitor,  governor,  was  born  Sept.  7,  1818,  in 
Cambridge,  N.Y.  He  was  a  representative 
in  the  Alassachusetts  legislature  for  a  num- 
ber of  years;  and  was  a  member  of  the  gov- 
ernor's"^ council  for  five  years.  In  1872  he 
was  electccl  lieutenant-governor;  and  in 
1874  was  acting  governor;  and  in  1878-80 
was  the  thirtieth  governor.  He  died  Oct.  6, 
1886,  in  Lowell,  Mass. 

Talbot,  Thomas  Hammond,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Maim'.  In  1862  lie  became  lieu- 
tenant colonel  in  the  first  Maine  artillery; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.     He  died  in  1907. 

Talbott,  Albert  G.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1855-59  he  was  represent- 
ative from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty-fourth 
and  tliirty-fifth  congresses.  He  died  in 
Kentucky. 

Talbott,  J.  Frederick  C,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  Ijoru  July  29,  1843,  in 
Lutherville,  Md.  He  was  prosecuting  at- 
l<irney  for  Baltimore  county  in  1871-75.  He 
was  'elected  to  tlie  forty-sixth,  forty-sev- 
enth and  forty-eighth  congresses.  He  was 
insurance  commissioner  of  the  state  of 
Maryland  in  1889-93.     In  1893-95  and  1903- 


15  he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland 
to    the    fifty-third,    fifty-eighth,    fifty-ninth,- 
sixtieth,    sixty-first,   sixty-second   and   sixty- 
third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Talcott,  Andrew,  civil  engineer,  was  born 
April  27,  1797,  in  Glastonbury,  Conn.  He 
was  chief  engineer  of  various  railroads.  He 
was  a  noted  mathematician;  and  in  1833 
devised  Talcott's  method  for  determining- 
territorial  latitudes  by  the  observation  of 
stars.  He  died  April  22,  1883,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va. 

Talcott,  Charles  A.,  congressman,  was 
born  June  10,  1857,  in  Utica,  N.Y.  In  1886 
he  was  city  counsel  of  Utica,  N.Y.;  and 
was  mayor  of  his  city  in  1902-06.  In  1911- 
15  he  was  a  representative  from  New  Y'ork 
to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Talcott,  George,  soldier,  was  born  Dec. 
6,  1786,  in  Glastonbury,  Conn.  He  entered 
the  military  service  in  1813;  and  in  1848 
became  brigadier -general.  He  died  April  25, 
1862,  in  Albany.  N.Y. 

Talcott,  George  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
July  16,  1811,  in  New  York  City.  In  1847 
he  "became  captain  of  infantry.  He  died 
June  8,  1854,  in  Augusta,  Ga. 

Talcott,  John,  colonist,  was  born  about 
1600  in  England.  His  was  the  first  house 
that  was  erected  in  Hartford,  Conn.  He 
was  a  chief  magistrate  of  the  colony  until 
his  death.  He  died  in  March,  1660,  in 
Hartford,  Conn. 

xalcott,  John,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1630  in  England.  In  1676  he  was  appoint- 
ed to  command  of  the  army  with  the  rank 
of  major;  and  saved  Hadley  from  the  at- 
tack of  seven  hundred  Indians.  He  was 
pi-omoted  to  lieutenant  colonel;  and  he  was 
granted  three  hundred  acres  of  land  in 
Killingsworth.  He  died  July  23,  1688,  in 
Hartford,  Conn. 

Talcott,  John  Butler,  manufacturer, 
banker,  was  born  Sept.  14,  1824,  in  Enfield, 
Conn.  For  two  terms  he  was  mayor  of  New 
Britain,  Conn.  He  is  president  of  the  Me- 
chanics' national  bank ;  president  American 
hosiery  company;  and  president  of  the  New 
Britain  knitting  company. 

Talcott,  Joseph,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  Nov.  16,  1669,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In 
1725-42  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Con- 
necticut. He  died  Oct.  II,  1741,  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn. 

Talcott,  Mancel,  merchant,  was  born  Oct. 
12,  1817.  in  Rome,  N.Y^.  The  discovery  of 
gold  took  him  to  California,  where  he  re- 
mained until  he  had  accumulated  enough  to 
establish  himself  in  business,  when  he  re- 
turned and  formed  a  life-long  partnership 
with  Horace  M.  Singer  of  Chicago  in  the 
stone  business.  He  contributed  freely 
toward  public  charities  and  the  relief  of 
humanity.  He  died  June  4,  1878,  in  Chi- 
cago,  111. 

Talcott,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1634  in  Cambridge,  I\lass.  He  became  cap- 
tain of  the  troop  of  Hartford  count}'.     He 


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40; 


was  an  tJiigiiial  proprietor  of  tiio  town  of 
Glastonbury.  He  died  Nov.  10,  ItilJl,  in 
Wftlii-rsflcld.  Conn. 

Talcott,  Sebastian  Visscher.  civil  cngi- 
iicer,  surveyor,  author,  was  born  Nov.  24, 
1812,  in  Now  York  City,  N.Y.  In  18G2  he 
was  appointi'il  quartermaster-general  of  the 
state,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-ii^eneral. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Taleott  Pedi- 
gree; and  Genealogical  Notes  of  New  York 
and  New  England  P'aniilies.  He  died  in 
New  York  City. 

Taliaferro,  Benjamin,  soldier,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1750  in  Virginia.  He 
served  in  the  revolutionary  war;  and  was 
taken  prisoner  by  the  British  in  1780.  In 
17iM)-18();}  he  was  a  representative  from 
Georgia  to  the  si.xth  and  seventh  congresses. 
He  died  Sejjt.  3,  1821,  in  Wilkes  county,  Ga. 

Taliaferro,  James  Piper,  soldier,  banker, 
I'uited  States  senator,  was  born  Sept.  30, 
1847,  in  Orange  Court  House,  Va.  He 
served  as  a  private  soldier  in  the  confed- 
erate states  army  during  the  civil  war.  In 
1865  he  became  engaged  in  logging  and  saw 
mill  enterprise  in  Jacksonville,  Fla. ;  and  is 
now  identified  with  banking  interests  in 
Florida.  For  three  years  he  was  chairman 
of  the  democratic  state  executive  commit- 
tee. In  1899-1911  he  was  a  member  of  the 
United  States  senate  from  Florida. 

Taliaferro,  John,  librarian,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1768  in  Spottsylvania,  ^'a.  In 
1801-03,  1811-13,  1823-31  and  1835-43  he  was 
a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the  sev- 
enth, twelfth,  eighteenth,  nineteenth,  twen- 
tieth, twenty-first  and  twenty-fourth  to  the 
twenty-seventh  congresses.  In  1805  and  1821 
he  was  a  presidential  elector;  and  for  three 
years  before  his  death  was  librarian  of  the 
treasury  department  in  Washington.  He 
died  Aug.  12.  1853.  in  Ilagley,  Va. 

Taliaferro,  William  Booth,  soldier,  was 
lu.rn  Dec.  28,  1822.  in  Belleville,  Va.  He 
was  a  veteran  in  the  ^Mexican  war.  He  be- 
came brigadier-general  in  the  confederate 
service  in  1862  ;  and  major-general  in  1865. 
He  died  Feb.   27.  1898.  in  Belleville,  Va. 

Talley,  Robert  H.,  lawyer,  United  States 
district  attorney,  was  born  Oct.  25.  1877. 
in  Ilerco  county.  Va.  He  was  educated  in 
the  Uichmond  itublic  schools;  and  studied 
law  at  Iticluiiond  colleue.  Hi'  soon  attaiiieil 
success  at  the  bar;  has  been  referee  in  bank- 
ruptcy; and  assistant  United  States  attor- 
ney. In  1905-06  he  was  United  States  at- 
torney for  the  eastern  district  of  Virginia; 
and  is  now  a  practicing  attorney-at-law  of 
Uichmond.    Vn. 

Talley,  William  Cooper,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Delaware.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
first,  regiment  I'eiinsylvania  reserves;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  bri;:adier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
in  1864. 

Tallmadge,  Benjamin,  soldier,  merchant, 
congressman.  Uiiitrd  Stales  senator,  was  born 
Feb.  25,  1754,  in  Brookhaven,  N.Y.     He  was 


a  nienilier  of  Washington's  military  family  ; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  general.  In  1801- 
17  he  was  a  representative  from  Connecti- 
cut in  the  seventh  to  the  fourteenth  con- 
gresses: and  ill  1833-35  he  was  United  States 
senator.  He  died  March  7.  1835.  in  Litch- 
field, Conn. 

Tallmadge,  Frederick  Augustus,  lawyer, 
coniiressnian.  was  lioin  Aug.  29.  1792.  at 
Litchheld,  Conn.  In  1836  he  was  elected  an 
alderman  of  New  York  City  ;  and  also  a  state 
senator;  and  was  subsecpiently  for  five  years 
recorder  of  the  city.  In  1847-49  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  thirtieth 
congress ;  was  again  recorder  for  three 
years ;  and  in  1857  was  appointed  general 
superintendent  of  the  metropolitan  police. 
He  died  Sept.  17,  1869,  in  Litchfield,  Conn. 
Tallmadge,  James,  soldier,  banker,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  .Ian.  28,  1778. 
in  Stanford,  N.Y.  In  1817-19  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  fif- 
teenth congress  ;  and  in  1823  was  elected  to 
the  state  assembly  from  Dutchess  county.  In 
1825-28  he  was  lieutenant-governor  under 
General  Clinton.  During  the  last  twenty 
years  of  his  life  he  was  president  of  the 
American  institute  of  New  York.  He  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  university  of  New 
York,  and  was  president  of  the  council.  He 
died  Sei)t.  29.  1853.  in  New  York  City. 

Tallmadge,  Matthias  Burnet,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  March  1,  1774,  in  Stanford, 
N.Y.  In  1805  he  was  appointed  Iniited 
States  .judge  for  the  northern  district  of 
New  York.  He  died  Oct.  7,  1819,  in  Pough- 
keepsie.  N.Y. 

Tallmadge,  Nathaniel  Pitcher,  lawyer, 
governor,  congressman,  United  States  sen- 
ator. wa.s  born  Feb.  8.  1795,  in  Chatham,  N. 
Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the  assembly  of 
New  York  in  1828;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1830-33.  In  1835-45  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  New  York; 
and  in  1^44-45  territorial  governor  of  Wis- 
consin. He  died  Nov.  2,  1864,  in  Battle 
Creek,   ;Mich. 

Talmage,  James  Edward,  educator,  col- 
lege i>resident,  neoloiiist.  author,  was  born 
Seid.   21,   1862,   in    England.      In   1882-84   he 

was  an  instructor  in 
the  Brigb.am  Yomig 
academy  ;  and  in  1884- 
88  was  professor  of 
natural  science  in  the 
same  institution.  In 
1888-92  he  was  princi- 
pal of  the  Latter-Day 
saints  college  of  Salt 
Lake  City;  and  since 
1890  has  been  curator 
of  the  Deseiet  nmse- 
uni.  In  1892-93  he 
was  jirofessor  of  biol- 
ogy in  tile  univi-rsity  of  I'tali  ;  and  since 
1893  has  Ijeen  professor  of  geology  an<l  iwesi- 
(lent  of  that  institution.  He  is  the  author 
of  First  Book  of  Nature;  and  Domestic  Sci- 
ence. 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Tallman,  Peleg,  merchant^  congressman, 
was  born  July  24,  1764,  in  Tiverton,  R.I. 
He  became  commander  of  a  merchant  ves- 
sel ;  and  after  following  a  seafaring  life  for 
many  years,  devoted  himself  to  the  business 
of  a  merchant,  and  acquired  a  large  fortune. 
In  1811-13  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  twelfth  congress.  He 
died  March  12,  1840,  in  Bath,  Maine. 

Talmage,  John  Van  Nest,  missionary  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  18,  1819,  in  Somerville, 
N.J.  Since  1846  he  has  been-  a  missionary 
of  the  reformed  church  in  China.  He  trans- 
lated several  books  of  the  bible  into  the 
Amoy  colloquial  dialect ;  and  was  the  author 
of  a  Chinese-English  Dictionary.  He  died 
Aug.  19.  1892,  in  Bound  Brook,   N.J. 

Talmage,  Samuel  Kennedy,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  in  1798  in 
Somerville.  N.J.  In  1838-41  he  was  profes- 
sor of  ancient  languages  at  Oglethorpe  uni- 
versity, of  which  iie  wns  president  in  1841- 
65.  He  contributed  to  the  Southern  Presby- 
terian Review ;  and  published  several  ser- 
mons and  addresses.  He  died  Oct.  2,  1865, 
in  Midway,  Ga. 

Talmage,  Thomas  De  Witt,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  7,  1832,  in  Bound 
Brook,  N.J.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergy- 
man of  Brooklyn  in  1869-94.  He  was  the 
author  of  Crumbs  Swept  Up;  Sermons; 
From  J»Innger  to  Throne;  Sports  that  Kill; 
Social  Dvnamite;  The  Pathway  of  Life; 
Tlie  Marriage  Ring;  Old  Wells  Dug  Out; 
Everyday  Religion  ;  Sundown ;  Fishing  Too 
Near  Shore ;  Around  the  Teatable ;  Mask 
Torn  Off;  Woman:  Her  Powers  and  Priv- 
ileges; and  The  Earth  Girdled.  He  died 
Ap'i-il  12.  1902.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Talty,  John  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
\ug.  22,  1860,  in  iMoline,  III.  He  is  a  noted 
lawyer  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1896  he  was 
elected  for  a  full  term  as  judge  of  the  eighth 
circuit  court  of  ^Missouri. 

Taney,  Roger  Brooke,  lawyer,  jurtst,  state 
senator,  cabinet  officer,  was  born  March  17. 
1777,   in    Calvert   county,   Md.      In    1801   he 

was  elected  to  the 
INIaryland  state  assem- 
bly and  settled  in 
Frederick  ;  and  subse- 
quently served  four 
years  in  the  state  sen- 
nate.  He  removed  to 
P.altimore  in  1822  ;  in 
1827  was  chosen  attor- 
nev-general  of  Mary- 
land; and  in  1831-33 
he  was  attorney-gen- 
oral  of  the  United 
States;  and  iu  1833- 
34  he  was  secretary  of  war.  In  1836-64  he 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
United  States.  He  died  Oct.  12,  1864,  in 
Wasliiuglon,   D.C. 

Taneyhill,  Richard  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  Ixnn  June  30,  1822.  in  Calvert 
county.  Md.  He  was  a  prominent  lawyer  of 
Barnesvillo,  ()hii> ;  and  has  been  mayor  and 


justice  of  the  peace.  He  is  the  author  of 
Leatherwood  God  ;  Life  of  Logan,  the  Miago 
Chief  ;  and  other  works.  He  died  in  Barnes- 
ville,   Ohio. 

Tannatt,  E.  Tappan,  educator,  civil  en- 
gineei-,  was  born  Sept.  16,  1864,  in  Man- 
chester, Mass.  He  was  educated  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Illinois  and  at  the  Washington 
state  college.  He  is  a  civil  and  electrical 
engineer ;  and  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  sec- 
ond regiment  United  States  volunteer  engi- 
neers. He  was  in  charge  of  the  civil  engi- 
neering department  of  the  Waialua  agricul- 
tural company'  of  Hawaii;  managing  engi- 
neer of  the  Oahu  college  trustees  of  Hono- 
lulu ;  chief  engineer  of  the  Big  Bend  water 
power  company  of  Spokane,  Wash. ;  and 
chief  engineer  of  the  eastern  Washington 
coDstruction  company  of  Spokane.  Wash. 
He  is  now  in  charge  of  the  civil  engineering 
department  at  Montana  state  college;  and 
rural  engineer  of  the  Montana  agricultural 
experiment   station. 

Tannehill,  Adamson,  soldier,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1752  in  Frederick  county. 
Md.  In  1812  he  was  brigadier-general  of 
Pennsylvania  volunteers.  In  1813-15  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirteenth  congress.  He  died  July  7.  1817, 
in  Pittsburgh.  Pa. 

Tannehill,  Wilkins,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  ^Nlarch  4,  1787,  in  Pittsburgh. 
Pa.  He  was  a  journalist  of  Nashville.  He 
was  the  author  of  Freemasons'  Manual ; 
Sketches  of  the  IJistory  of  Literature;  and 
Sketches  of  the  History  of  Roman  Litera- 
ture. He  died  June  2,  1858,  in  Nashville, 
Tenn. 

Tanner,  Adolphus  H.,  soldier,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  23.  1833.  in  Granville, 
N.Y.  In  1862  he  entered  the  volunteer  army 
as  a  captain ;  and  as  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  one  hundred  and  twenty-third  regiment 
of  infantry  served  until  the  close  of  the  war. 
In  1869-71  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  forty-first  congress  as  a 
republican. 

Tanner,  Benjamin,  engraver,  artist,  was 
born  March  27,  1775.  in  New  York  City. 
In  1799  he  went  to  Philadelphia,  where  he 
established  his  business,  and  aided  his  broth- 
er Henry  in  publishing  maps.  He  died  Nov. 
14.  1848,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Tanner,  Benjamin  Tucker,  bishop,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  25.  1835.  in  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.  He  is  a  bishop  of  the  African  method- 
ist  church.  He  is  the  author  of  Paul  vs. 
Pius  Ninth  ;  The  Negro's  Origin,  and  Is  the 
Negro  Cursed?;  Outline  of  the  History  and 
Government  of  the  African  Methodist  Epis- 
copal Church  ;  Apology  for  African  Method- 
ism ;  The  Dispensations  in  the  History  of 
the  Church  ;  The  Negro  in  Holy  Writ. 

Tanner,  George  Clinton,  educator,  cler- 
aynian,  author,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1834,  in 
West  Greenwich.  R.I.  In  1857-58  he  was 
principal  of  graded  schools  in  Winona. 
Minn.;  in  1858-67  he  was  instructor  in 
classics   iu    the   schools   of   the   Bishop    Sea- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


409 


bury  mission,  and  headmaster  ;  and  in  1867- 
87  he  was  rector  of  St.  Paul's  church  of 
Owatana.  In  1872-87  he  was  superintend- 
ent of  schools  for  Steele  county  ;  and  since 
1887  has  been  chaplain  at  the  Shattuck 
school  of  Faribault.  Minn.  During  these 
thirty  years  he  has  been  actively  engaged  in 
laying  the  foundations  of  church  and  educa- 
tional work.  lie  is  the  author  of  the  History 
of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Minnesota  ;  and 
registrar  and  historian  of  the  diocese  of  Min- 
nesota, i  1-  I 
Tanner,  Henry  S.,  geographer,  author, 
was  born  in  1786  in  New  York.  He  was  a 
geographer  of  Philadelphia.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Memoir  on  the  Recent  Surveys  in 
the  United  States;  View  of  the  Valley  of 
the  Mississippi  ;  American  Traveler  ;  Central 
Traveler;  New  Picture  of  Philadelphia;  and 
Description  of  Canals  and  Railways  in  the 
United  States.  He  died  in  1858  in  New 
York  City. 

Tanner,  Henry  S.,  faster,  was  born 
about  1830  in  Tevre  Haute,  Ind.  He  began 
his  fast  at  noon  on  June  28,  1880,  and  con- 
tinued until  its  successful  termination  on 
Aug.  7.  During  the  fast  his  eyes  became 
slightly  dimmed,  the  top  of  his  head,  which 
was  thinly  covered  with  gray  hair,  became 
as  white  as  milk,  and  he  lost  ten  and  a  half 
pounds  in  weight.  He  subsequently  lectured 
on  fasting.     He  died  Oct.  21,  1896. 

Tanner,  Herbert  Battles,  physician,  pub- 
lic official,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1859,  in  White- 
water, Wis.  He  attended  the  Indiana  med- 
ical college  of  Indianapolis.  He  practiced 
in  Chicago,  111.,  for  a  time,  but  since  1880 
has  practiced  in  Kaukauna,  Wis. ;  was  city 
physician  during  1886-93  ;  mayor  of  the  city 
for  two  terms  in  1895-96  ;  and  president  of 
the  Fox  river  medical  society  in  1897.  In 
1898-1900    was   state   oil    inspector. 

Tanner,  James,  lawyer,  was  born  April 
4.  1844.  in  Richmondville,  N.Y.  He  volun- 
teered in  the  eighth  regiment  New  York  in- 
fantry ;  was  promoted  to  corporal ;  and  lost 
both  legs  in  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run. 
He  studied  law,  and  received  an  appoint- 
ment in  the  Now  York  customhouse,  being 
deputy  collector  under  General  Chester  A. 
.Vrthiir.  In  1877-85  he  was  commander  of 
the  grand  army  of  the  republic  of  New  York 
state.  He  was  lax  collector  in  Brooklyn  ; 
in  1889  he  was  ai)pointed  T'nited  States  com- 
missioner of  jjensions  at  Washington,  D.C. ; 
and  is  now  prosecuting  claims  against  the 
go\-eriiment. 

Tanner,  John,  captive,  author,  was  born 
about  1780  in  Kentucky.  He  was  a  captive 
among  the  Indians  for  thirty  years.  He 
afterward  became  interpreter  for  the  Indian 
agent  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie.  He  was  the  au- 
tiior  of  Narrative  of  the  Cai)tivity  and  -Ad- 
ventures of  John  Tanner  During  Thirty 
Years'  Residence  .Vmong  the  Indians.  He 
died   in  1847  in   Sault  Ste.  Marie,   Mich. 

Tanner,  John  Henry,  educator,  mathe- 
matician, author,  was  born  March  1,  1861, 
near  Fort  Plain,  N.Y.    In  1891  he  graduated 


from  Gomell  university  ;  and  in  1894-96  at- 
tended the  university  of  Gottengen,  Ger- 
many. In  1891-94  he  was  instructor,  in 
1894-1904  assistant  professor,  and  since  1904 
has  been  professor  of  mathematics  in  Cor- 
nell university.  In  1897-1903  he  was  secre- 
tary of  the  Cornell  faculty;  and  is  now 
treasurer,  of  the  American  mathematical  so- 
ciety. He  is  the  author  of  Analytic  Geom- 
etry ;  Elementary  Algebra  ;  Key  to  Element- 
ary Algebra  ;  and  High  School  Algebra. 

Tanner,  John  Riley,  soldier,  state  sen- 
ator, governor,  was  born  April  4.  1844  in 
Warrick  county,  Ind.  In  1863  he  entered 
company  A,  ninety-eighth  Illinois  infantry 
and  served  until  1865  in  Kentuckv,  Tennes- 
see, Alabama,  and  Georgia.  After  the  war 
he  returned  to  Illinois,  and  purchased  sixty 
acres  of  land  in  Clay  county,  which  he  oc- 
cupied until  1870,  when  he  was  elected  sher- 
ifif  of  Clay  county.  In  1880  he  was  elected 
to  the  Illinois  state  senate;  was  elected  state 
treasurer  in  1886;  and  subsequently  was 
United  States  marshal  for  the  southern  dis- 
trict of  Illinois.  In  1897-1901  he  was  the 
twentieth  governor  of  Illinois.  He  died  May 
23,  1901,  in  Springfield,  111. 

Tanner,  Richard  Robert,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  bom  March  30,  1858,  in  San  Juan,  Cal. 
For  a  number  of  years  he  was  assistant 
postmaster  of  San  Buena  Ventura  ;  and  in 
1885  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Santa 
Monica,  and  is  now  one  of  the  leading  mem- 
bers of  the  legal  profession  in  Los  Angeles 
county.  For  two  years  he  was  deputy  dis- 
trict attorney  of  his  county,  and  for  eight 
years  filled  with  distinction  the  office  of  city 
attorney. 

Tapley,  Jesse  F.,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  Dec.  24.  1824,  in  Lynfield,  Mass. 
In  1853  he  established  a  bindery  in  Spring- 
field, Mass.  In  1870  he  engaged  extensively 
in  the  manufacture  of  blank-books  as  well 
as  in  the  making  of  albums.  In  1881  he 
estal)lislied  a  bindery  in  New  York  City.  He 
has  taken  out  a  number  of  patents;  and  is 
the  inventor  of  an  attachment  to  ruling  ma- 
chines for  intermittent  ruling;  a  device  for 
facilitating  the  manufacture  of  album 
leaves  and  a  jjennanent  letter  file  with  a 
removable    index. 

Tapley,  Rufus  P.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1865- 
72  he  was  an  'associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Maine.  He  died  .\pril  10. 
1893. 

Tapp,  Sidney  C,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  5.  1872,  in  North  Carolina.  Since 
1893  he  has  practiced  law  in  Atlanta.  Ga. ; 
in  1905  was  a  i)residential  elector  from 
Georgia  ;  and  in  1908  was  the  nominee  of 
the  liberal  party  for  the  presidency  of  the 
United  States.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Story  of  Anglo-Saxon  Institutions;  The 
Struggle;  and  The  Story  of  the  French 
Revolution. 

Tappan,  Arthur,  merchant,  journalist, 
was  born  May  22,  1786.  in  Northampton, 
Mass.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
American   tract   society ;    of   the   New   York 


410 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Journal  of  Commerce ;  and  of  Oberliu  col- 
lege, Ohio ;  and  first  president  of  the  Ameri- 
can anti-slavery  society  at  Philadelphia.  He 
died  July  23,  1865,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Tappan,  Benjamin,  soldier,  engraver,  law- 
yer, jurist.  United  States  senator,  was  born 
May  25,  1773,  in  Northampton,  Mass.  In 
1799  he  emigrated  to  Ohio,  and  was  one  of 
the  earliest  settlers  there.  In  1803  he  was 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  the  new  state  ; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  aide  to  General 
Wadsworth  ;  and  was  for  seven  years  presi- 
dent judge  of  the  fifth  Ohio  circuit.  In  1833 
he  was  appointed  United  States  judge  for 
the  district  of  Ohio.  In  1839-45  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Ohio.  He  died 
April   12,   1857,   in   Steubenville,   Ohio. 

Tappan,  Benjamin,  naval  officer,  was 
born  April  10.  1856.  in  New  Orleans,  La. 
In  1888-91  he  was  on  duty  in  the  office  of 
the  bureau  of  naval  intelligence.  In  1891 
he  was  promoted  lieutenant ;  and  until  1894 
served  on  the  ]\Iiantonomah.  In  1895-96  he 
was  on  duty  in  the  Brooklyn  navy-yard;  and 
then  was  transferred  to  the  Amphitrite  and 
subsequently  to  the  Kaleigh.  He  was  on 
board  the  latter  vessel  during  the  battle  of 
Manila  in  1898 ;  and  during  the  attack  on 
that  city  in  August  he  commanded  the 
launch  Barcelo,  which  had  been  captured 
from  the  Spaniards.  Upon  this  occasion  he 
took  the  launch  through  the  breakers  and 
captured  a  Spanish  battery.  In  recognition 
of  his  conduct  President  McKinley  advanced 
him  five  numbers  in  the  list  of  li^utenants 
in  1898.  Since  1906  he  has  commanded  the 
Tacoma. 

Tappan,  David,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  April  21,  1752,  iii  Cambridge,  Mass. 
In  1774-92  he  was  pastor  at  Newbury,  INIass ; 
and  Hollis  professor  of  divinity  at  Harvard 
university  in  1792-1803.  He  was  the  author 
of  Sermons  on  Important  Subjects ;  and 
Lectures  on  Jewish  Antiquities.  He  died 
April  27,  1803,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Tappan,  David  Stanton,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  April  2, 
1845,  in  Steubenville,  Ohio.  In  1899-1902  he 
was  president  of  Miami  university  of  Ohio  ; 
and  is  now  filling  a  pastorate  in  Circleville. 
Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  Pres- 
byterianism  in  Iowa ;  and  Miscellaneous 
Sermons. 

Tappan,  Eli  Todd,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, author,  was  born  April  30.  1824.  in 
Steubenville.  Ohio.  In  1844-45  he  was 
mayor  of  Steubenville  ;  and  was  superintend- 
ent of  the  public  schools  there  in  1858-59. 
In  1868-75  he  was  president  of  Kenyon  col- 
lege of  Gambler,  Ohio,  where  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  mathematics  in  1875-87.  In  1887- 
88  he  was  appointed  state  commissioner  of 
common  schools  of  Ohio.  He  was  the  author 
of  Treatise  on  Plane  and  Solid  Geometry  ; 
a  Treatise  on  Geometry  and  Trigonometry; 
Notes  and  Exercises  on  Surveying  for  the 
Use  of  Students  in  Kenyon  College;  and 
Elements  of  Geometry.  He  died  Oct.  23, 
1888,  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 


Tappan,    Eva    March,    educator,    author, 
was  born  Dec.  26,  1854,  in  Blackstone,  Mass. 
She  was  educated  in  public,  private  and  high 
^  schools  and  by  private 

~     tutors.      In    1875    she 
graduated     from    Yaa- 
sar    college ;    in    1895- 
96  was  a  fellow  at  the 
university      of      Penn- 
sylvania,     where      she 
received    the    honorary 
degrees    of    A.M.    and 
Ph.D.     She  is  a  teach- 
'-     er  in  the  English  high 
school     of     Worcester, 
Mass.     She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Charles  Lamb, 
the    Man    and    the    Author;    Selections    from 
Emerson  ;  In  the  Days  of  Alfred  the  Great ; 
Old   Ballads  in   Prose ;    England's   Story ;    A 
Short   History   of   England's   Literature  and 
Canada's  Story. 

Tappan,  Henry  Philip  .clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  23,  1805. '  in  Khine- 
beck,  N.Y.  He  was  a  Dutch  reformed  chan- 
cellor of  the  university  of  the  city  of  New 
York ;  and  clergyman,  professor  of  philoso- 
phy in  1852-63.  He  was  the  author  of  Ele- 
ments of  Logic;  Trea'tise  on  Universal  Edu- 
cation ;  Review  of  Edward's  Inquiry  Into 
tiie  Freedom  of  the  Will;  The  Doctrine  of 
.the  Freedom  of  the  Will  Determined  by  an 
Appeal  to  Consciousness ;  The  Doctrine  of 
the  Freedom  of  the  Will  Applied  to  Moral 
Agency;  A  Step  from  the  Old  World  to  the 
New  and  Back  Again;  and  Introductions  to 
Illustrious  Personages  of  the  Nineteenth 
Century.  He  died  Nov.  15,  1881,  in  Switzer- 
land. 

Tappan,  James  C,  soldier.  In  I86I  he  en- 
listed in  the  confederate  states  army;  and 
commanded  the  thirteenth  Arkansas  infan- 
try at  the  battle  of  Shiloh.  He  served  four 
years  and  attained  the  ranks  of  captain,  colo- 
nel and  brigadier-general. 

Tappan,  Lewis,  merchant,  abolitionist, 
author,  was  born  May  23,  1788,  in  North- 
ampton, Mass.  He  was  a  merchant  of  New 
York  City ;  proprietor  of  the  Journal  of 
Commerce ;  and  active  as  an  abolitionist.  He 
was  the  author  of  Life  of  Arthur  Tappan, 
by  his  brother,  a  valuable  contribution  to 
anti-slavery  literature.  He  died  June  21, 
1873.  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 

Tappan,  Mason  Weare,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
ishitor.  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1817, 
in  Newport.  N.II.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  Hampshire  state  legislature  in  1853- 
55.  In  1855-61  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  thirty-fourth,  thirty- 
fiftli  and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  He  died 
Oct.   24.   1886,    in   Bradford,   N.II. 

Tappan,  Todd,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  1824  in  Ohio.  In  1875-87  he  was  a 
jirofcssor  of  mathematics  in  Kenyon  college 
of  (Jambier.  Ohio;  and  since  then  state 
connnissioner  of  common  schools  of  Ohio. 
He  is  the  author  of  Plane  and  Solid  Geom- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


411 


ctry ;    Elements   of  Geometry ;    ami   Treatise 
on   (n'omctry   and   'rriuonometry. 

Tappan,  William  Bingham,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  0(  t.  29,  1794,  iu  Beverly, 
Mass.  In  1826  he  removed  to  Boston,  where 
he  became  general  agent  of  the  American 
Sunday  school  union ;  and  was  engaged  in 
the  same  work  in  Cincinnati  and  Philadel- 
phia, lie  was  the  author  of  Poetry  of  the 
Ileart ;  Poetry  of  Life;  New  England,  and 
Other  Poems;  Songs  of  Jiidah  ;  Lyrics;  Sa- 
cred ami  Miscellaneous  Poems ;  The  Sunday 
School,  and  Other  Poems;  and'  Early  and 
Late  Poems.  He  died  June  18,  1849.  in  West 
Needham,   Mass. 

Tapper,  Thomas,  musician,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  28,  1864,  in  Canton,  Mass.  He 
graduated  from  the  American  college  of  mu- 
sicians of  the  univer- 
sity of  the  state  of 
New  York  as  F.C.M. ; 
and  studied  music  in 
pjurope.  He  is  a  lec- 
turer of  music  and 
education;  and  is  edi- 
tor of  the  American 
(Mioir  and  Choral 
^Ingazine.  He  is  the 
author  of  Chats  with 
Musical  Students ; 
The  Musical  Life ; 
M  u  s  i  c  Talks  with 
Childn-n  ;  Child's  Music  World  ;  The  Na- 
tural Course  in  Music,  in  six  volumes;  A 
Short  Course  in  Music ;  Harmonic  Music 
Course,  in  seven  volumes;  One  Hundred 
liythmical  Studies ;  and  the  Modern  Graded 
Piano    Course,    in    nineteen    volumes. 

Tarbell,  Edmund  C,  educator,  artist,  was 
born  in  18G2  in  West  Groton.  :Mass.  He  has 
received  gold  metals  from  the  Pennsylvania 
academy  of  fine  arts  and  from  the  Philadol- 
])hia  art  club.  He  has  received  three  medals 
from  tlie  Boston  charitable  mechanics  asso- 
ciation :  and  a  bronze  medal  from  the  Paris 
exposition. 

Tarbell,  Frank  Bigelow,  educator  .au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  1,  1853.  in  Groton. 
Mass.  He  is  a  professor  of  Greek  in  the 
university  of  Chicago  from  1892.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  History  of  Greek  Art ;  and 
The  Piiilippics  of  Demosthenes,  with  Intro- 
duction and  Notes. 

Tarbell,  Horace  Sumner,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  19,  1838.  in  Chelsea,  Vt. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  superintendent  of 
public  schools  of  Providence,  R.I.  He  is 
the  author  of  Tarbell's  Lessons  in  Language 
and  Grannnar;  Werner's  Introductory  Geog- 
raphy; Werner's  (irammar  S(ho(d  (Jeogra- 
phy;  Tarbell's  Introductory  (ieography  ;  and 
Tarbell's    Complete    Geograi)hy. 

Tarbell,  Ida  Minerva,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  .5,  1857.  in  Erie  county.  Pa. 
She  is  associate  editor  of  MeClure's  Maga- 
zine. She  is  the  author  of  Early  Life  of 
Abraham   Lincoln. 

Tarbell,  John  Adams,  physician,  author. 
was  born  March  31,  1810.   in  Boston,  Mass. 


He  was  a  homoeopathic  physician  of  Boston. 
He  was  the  author  of  Sources  of  Health ; 
and  HouKeopathy  Simplified.  He  died  Jan. 
21.  1864.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Tarbell,  Jonathan,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  Vmk.  In  18G1  he  was  ma.ior  in  the 
twenty-fourth  regiment  New  York  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.     He  died   March   14.   1888. 

Tarbell,  Joseph,  naval  ollicer.  was  born 
about  1780.  He  was  commissioned  a  captain 
in  1813 ;  and  rendered  good  service  in  the 
defense  of  Craney  island  and  James  river  in 
1813.  capturing  three  barges  and  forty  pris- 
oners. He  died  Nov.  24.  1815.  in  Nor- 
folk.  Va. 

Tarbell,  Martha,  litterateur,  author.  She 
is  the  author  of  Tarbell's  Teachers'  Guide; 
A  Geography  of  Palestine  in  the  Time  of 
Christ;  and  part  author  of  a  series  of  school 
geographies  and  textbooks  in  language. 

Tarbox,  Increase  Niles^  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  horn  Feb.  11.  1815,  in  East  Wind- 
sor. Comi.  He  was  a  congregational  clergy- 
man ;  and  was  secretary  of  the  American 
college  and  education  society  in  1851-84.  He 
was  the  author  of  Winnie  and  Walter 
Stories  ;  When  I  Was  a  Boy  ;  Nineveh,  or  the 
Buried  City;  Uncle  George's  Stories,  Jour- 
nevs  and  Labors  of  St.  Paul;  Life  of  Gen- 
eral Israel  Putnam  ;  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  and 
His  Colony  in  America ;  and  Songs  and 
Hymns  for  Common  Life.  He  died  May  3, 
1880.   in   West   Newton,   Mass. 

Tarbox,  John  Kemble,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  jNIay  6,  1838.  iu 
Methuen,  Mass.  He  served  in  the  union 
armv  in  the  fourth  regiment  of  Massachu- 
setts volunteers.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  :\Iassachusetts  in  1868  and 
18li0-71  :  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1872. 
He  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  Lawrence  in 
1873-74.  In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachus.>tts  to  the  forty-fourth  con- 
gress as  a  democrat.  He  died  May  28.  1887. 
in  Lawrence.  Mass. 

Tardy,  Francis  D.,  publisher  'i\'thor  was 
born  .la...  2!..  IStlT.  i..  England.  In  1880-)!) 
he  was  assistant  lil).-arian  of  the  public  li- 
brary at  Denver,  Colo.  He  foun.led  and  is 
president  of  Francis  B.  Tardy  and  com- 
panv,  publishers  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  "author  of  Free  Compei.saticm ;  Volun- 
tary Socialism:   and  other  works. 

Tarkington,  Newton  Booth,  author,  was 
1m, 111  .July  -J'.t.  ISt;'.).  lie  is  the  author  of 
The  (ieii'tleman  F.o.n  Indiana;  an<l  Mon- 
sieur  I'.ea.icaire.  a   novelette. 

Tarr,  Christian,  congressman,  was  bcn-.i 
i„  i.,,l,i,iiore,  Md.  In  1817-21  he  was  a 
repres.Mitativ*-  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  ht- 
teenth  and  sixteenth  congresses.  He  d.ed 
ill   Pen..svlvai.ia. 

Tarr,  Ralph  Stockman,  educator,  geolo- 
.rist  ai.thor.  was  born  -Ian.  I'l.  18(54.  in 
Gb.ucest.-r,  Mass.  He  was  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  geology  at  Cornell  uuiveisity  .n 
1892-07;   and   i)i-"ofessor  of   dyna...ic  geology 


412 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


and  physical  geography  there  since  1897. 
He  is  the  author  of  Elementary  Geology; 
Economic  Geology  of  the  United  States; 
Elementary  Physical  Geography;  and  First 
Book  of  Physical  Geography. 

Tarsney,  John  C,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1845,  in 
Lenawee  county,  Mich.  In  1874-75  he  was 
city  attorney  of  Kansas  City,  ]\Io. ;  since 
which  time  he  has  followed  the  profession 
of  the  law.  In  1887-95  he  was  a  represent- 
ative to  the  fiftieth,  fifty-first,  fifty-second 
and  fifty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat. 
In  1896-1902  he  was  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Oklahoma  territory. 

Tarsney,  Timothy  E.,  civil  engineer,  law- 
j'er,  jurist,  co)igressman,  was  born  Feb.  4, 
1849,  in  Ransom,  Mich.  He  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace  in  1873-74;  and  was  city  at- 
torney of  East  Saginaw  in  1875-78.  In 
1885-87  he  was  a  representative  from  Mich- 
igan to  the  forty-ninth  and  fiftieth  con- 
gresses. 

Tascher,  Mrs.  Elbe  M.  M.,  artist,  poet, 
was  born  Nov.  21,  1843,  in  Winterport, 
Maine.  She  is  an  artist  in  portrait  and 
figure  painting.  She  is  the  autlior  of  Ar- 
butus and  Dandelions. 

Tasistro,  Louis  Fitzgerald,  actor,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  about  1808  in  Ire- 
land. He  was  for  several  years  translator 
for  the  department  of  state.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  Travels  in  the  Southern  States; 
Uandom  Sliots  and  Southern  Breezes.  He 
died  about  1868  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Tate,  Parish  Carter,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
hitor,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1856, 
in  Jasper,  Ga.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Georgia  for  six  years. 
In  1893-1905  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-tliird,  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty- 
sixth,  fifty-seventh  and  fifty-eiglith  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Tate,  James  Alexander,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Feb.  26,  1800,  in 
Manassas,  Va.  Since  1884  he  has  been 
prominent  as  a  temperance  and  prohibition 
speaker.  He  is  president  of  the  American 
university  of  Ilarriman,  Tenn. 

Tate,  James  Butts,  educator,  college 
jiresident.  was  born  Nov.  13,  1852,  in  An- 
drew county.  Mo.  In  1896  he  was  appoint- 
ed president  of  Baird  college  of  Clinton, 
Mo. 

Tate,  Magnus,  congressman.  In  1815-17 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  fourteenth  congress.  He  died  in  Vir- 
ginia. 

Tatham,  William,  civil  engineer,  lawyer, 
author,  was  horn  in  1752  in  England.  He 
was  an  engineer  and  lawyer  of  Virginia; 
and  served  in  the  American  army  during 
the  revolution.  He  was  the  author  of  An 
Analysis  of  tlie  State  of  Virginia;  Remarks 
on  Inland  Canals;  and  National  Irrigation. 
He  (lied  Fcl).  22.  ]«i!),  in  J{ichmond,  Va. 

Tatham,  William  Penn,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  in  1820  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.     In   1840  he  began  the  manufacture  of 


lead  pipe  and  sheet  lead.  He  devised  an  im- 
jjrovement  in  the  preparation  of  ingots  or 
blabs;  and  invented  an  improved  transmit- 
ting dj'namometer.  In  1879-85  he  was 
president  of  the  Franklin  institute.  He 
was  largely  instrumental  in  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  Pennsylvania  weather  service. 
He  died  Aug.  5,  1899,  in  Atlantic  City,  N.J. 

Tatnall,  Edward  F.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Savannah,  Ga.  In  1821-27  he  was 
a  representative  from  Georgia  to  the  sev- 
enteenth, eighteenth  and  nineteenth  con- 
gresses.    He  died  in  Georgia. 

Tatnall,  Henry  Lea,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Dec.  31,  1829,  in  Brandywine  village, 
Del.  In  1856  he  removed  to  Wilmington 
and  began  the  lumber  business;  and  at  the 
same  time  cultivated  his  musical  and  ar- 
tistic talent.  He  could  play  on  almost 
every  instrument;  and  composed  and  set  to 
music  many  popular  songs.  He  died  Sept. 
26,  1885,  in  Wilmington,  Del. 

Tatnall,  Josiah,  soldier.  United  States 
senator,  governor,  was  born  in  1762  in  Bon- 
aventure,  Ga.  In  1793  he  was  appointed 
colonel  of  a  Georgia  regiment;  and  in  1800 
a  brigadier-general.  He  participated  exten- 
sively in  the  military  alTairs  of  the  state; 
and  served  in  the  legislature.  He  also 
served  in  1796  at  Louisville  in  the  general 
assembly  that  rescinded  the  Yazoo  act  of 
1795.  In  1795-99  he  was  United  States 
senator.  In  1801-02  he  was  the  seventh 
governor  of  Georgia.  He  died  June  6,  1803, 
in  the  West  Indies. 

Tattnall,  Josiah,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Nov.  9,  1795,  in  Bonaventure,  Ga.  He 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  in  the  seamen'.s 
battery  on  Craney  island,  and  with  a  force 
of  navy-yard  workmen  in  the  battle  of  Blad- 
ensburg.  During  the  Algerine  war  he  par- 
ticipated in  the  engagements  of  Decatur's 
squadron.  He  attained  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral.  He  died  June  14,  1871,  in  Savan- 
nah. Ga. 

Tatum,  Absalom,  congressman.  In  1795 
96  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  fourth  congress.  He  died 
in  North  Carolina. 

Taul,  Micah,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Virginia.  In  1815-17  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Kentucky  to  the  fourteenth  con- 
gress.    He  died   in   Kentucky. 

Taulbee,  William  Preston,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  22.  1851,  in  Mor- 
gan county,  Ky.  In  1878-84  he  was  clerk 
of  the  county  court  of  Magoffin  county,  Ky. 
In  1885-89  he  was  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  forty-ninth  and  fiftieth 
congresses.  He  died  bv  a  pistol  shot  Feb. 
28.  1890,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Taunehill,  Adamson,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  in  1752  in  Fred- 
erick county,  ]\Id.  He  moved  to  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  settled  on  a  small  farm  adjoin- 
ing Pittsburgh.  He  was  a  justice  of  the 
jieacc  at  the  breaking  out  of  (he  whisky  in- 
surrection; and  firmly  opposed  that  out- 
break.    He  served  as  a  brigadier-general  in 


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413 


the  war  of  IS  12.  He  was  a  representative 
in  congress  in  1812-15.  He  died  in  1817  in 
Grant's   Hill,   Pa. 

Taussig,  Frank  William,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  28,  18.51),  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  is  a  professor  of  political  econ- 
omy at  Harvard  university;  and  editor  of 
Quarterly  Journal  of  Economics.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Tariff  History  of  the  United 
States;  The  Silver  Situation  in  tlie  United 
States;  and  Wages  and  Capital. 

Tavenner,  Clyde  H.,  congressman,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  Feb.  4,  1882,  in  Cordova, 
111.  He  is  a  successful  journalist  and  edi- 
torial writer.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Illinois  to  the  sixty-third 
congress. 

Tawney,  James  A.,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Jan.  3,  1855, 
near  (Gettysburg,  i'a.  He  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate  of  Minnesota  in  1890.  In 
1893-1911  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-third,  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty- 
sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-nintli, 
sixtieth  and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Tayler,  John,  merchant,  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor, was  born  July  4,  1742,  in  New  York. 
He  became  a  merchant  at  Albany,  N.Y.,  in 
1773;  superintended  the  commissary  de- 
partment on  the  expedition  to  Canada  in 
1775;  and  was  a  member  of  the  provincial 
congress.  He  was  for  nearly  forty  years  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  New  York; 
and  was  lieutenant-governor  of  the  state  in 
1813-22.  He  died  March  19,  1829,  in  Al- 
bany, N.Y.  . 

Tayler,  Robert  Walker,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  government  oflicial,  was  born  Nov. 
9,  1812,  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.  In  1851  he  was 
elected  mayor  of  Youngstown,  Ohio;  and 
was  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1855  and 
1857.  He  was  auditor  of  the  state  in  1860- 
63;  and  in  the  latter  year  was  appointed 
first  comptroller  of  the  United  States  treas- 
ury. He  died  P'eb.  25,  1878,  in  Youngs- 
town, Ohio. 

Tayler,  Robert  Walker,  educator,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  26, 
1852,  in  Youngstown,  Ohio.  He  was  super- 
iiitciulent  of  schools  of  Lisbon  in  1873-74; 
and  in  1875-76  he  was  editor  of  tlie  Buck- 
eye State  newspaper  at  Lisbon.  He  was 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Columbiana  county 
ill  1880-96.  Ill  1895-1903  lie  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth, 
fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh  congresses  as  a 
repuiilican.  In  1905  he  was  appointed 
Unitf'd  States  district  judge  for  tlie  north- 
ern  district   of  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Abner,  merchant,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1.S29  in  Bangor,  Maine.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Illinois  state  legis- 
lature for  one  term.  In  1889-93  he  was  a 
re|)reseiitative  to  the  fifty-first,  and  fifty- 
second  congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died 
April   14.   1903.  in  Washington,  D.G. 

Taylor,  Albert  Reynolds,  educator,  col- 
lege   president,    author,    was    born    Oct.    10, 


1846,   near  Magnolia,   111.     He  received  his 

education  in  the  pub- 
lic schools,  the  We- 
nona  seminary,  the 
Illinois  state  normal 
university,  Knox  col- 
lege; and  in  1872 
graduated  from  the 
Lincoln  university, 
Illinois,  in  which  lat- 
ter institution  he  was 
professor  of  natural 
science  for  ten  years. 
In  1882-1901  he  was 
president  of  the  State 
normal  school  of  Emporia,  Kan;  and  since 
1901  has  been  president  of  the  James  Milli- 
ken  viniversity.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Church  at  Work  in  the  Sunday  School;  The 
Study  of  the  Child;  Civil  Government  in 
Kansas;   and  Among  Ourselves. 

Taylor,  Alexander  K.  M.,  soldier,  was 
Iiorn  -March  7,  1840,  in  ^lanchester,  Eng- 
land. He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  and  academies  of  Lansingburg  and 
Troy,  N.Y.  In  1861  he  was  recruiting  of- 
ficer of  New  York  City;  and  second  lieu- 
tenant in  company  F  of  the  President's  life 
guard.  He  served  as  private  of  company  B 
ninth  regiment  New  York  state  militia;  and 
became  sergeant  in  the  United  States  army 
in  1802.  In  1886  he  attained  the  rank  of 
second  lieutenant  seventeenth  regiment 
United  States  infantry;  and  during  a  long 
term  of  service  he  has  officially  received 
tlie  high  commendation  of  his  superiors, 
whicli  is  a  matter  of  oflicial  record  at  the 
war  department.  In  1892  he  was  appoint- 
ed captain  of  the  nineteenth  regiment 
United  States  infantry;  and  in  1894  retired 
from  active  service. 

Taylor,  Alexander  Smith,  ethnologist, 
author,  was  born  April  16,  1817,  in 
Charleston,  S.C.  He  was  the  author  of  a 
translation  of  the  diary  of  Juan  Rodriguez 
Cabrillo,  under  the  title  of  The  First  Voy- 
age to  the  Coast  of  California;  a  History  of 
Gras.shoppers  and  Locusts  of  America  in 
the  report  of  the  Smithsonian  institution 
for  1858;  The  Indianology  of  California  in 
the  California  Farmer;  and  Bibliographia 
Californica  in  the  Sacramento  Union.  He 
died  July  27.   1876,  in  Santa  Barbara,  Cal. 

Taylor,  Alexander  Wilson,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  March  22, 
1815,  in  Indiana  county.  Pa.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  legislature  in 
1859-60.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  forty-third  congress. 

Taylor,  Alfred,  naval  officer,  was  born 
May  23,  1810,  in  Fairfax  county,  Va.  Tie 
entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman  in  182ti; 
and  was  commissioned  a  lieutenant  in  1837. 
lie  was  promoted  to  rear-admiral  in  1872; 
iind  was  retired  bv  operation  of  law.  He 
died   Ajiril    19.   ]89i,  in   Washingtcm,   D.C. 

Taylor,  Alfred,  clergyman,  author,  was 
liorn   in   1831   in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.     He  is  a 


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presbyterian  clergyman  of  Philadelpliia.  He 
is  the  author  of  Peeps  at  Our  Sunday 
Schools;  Sunday  School  Photographs;  and 
Hints  about  Sunday  School  Work- 
Taylor,  Alfred  Alexander,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1849  near  Elizabeth- 
ton,  Tenn.  He  was  elected  to  the  Tennes- 
see legislature  in  1875.  In  1887-93  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  fifty-first,  fifty-sec- 
ond and  fifty-third  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Taylor,  Archibald  Alexander  Edward, 
journalist,  educator,  college  president,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  27,  1834,  in  Spring- 
field, Ohio.  In  1873-83  he  was  president  of 
VVooster  university,  Ohio.  He  continued  to 
be  connected  with  the  institution  as  pro- 
fessor of  logic  and  political  economy  and 
dean  of  the  post-graduate  department  for 
five  years  longer.  He  then  became  editor 
of  the  Mid-Continent,  the  organ  of  the  pres- 
byterian church  in  the  southwest,  published 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  now  fills  a  pastorate 
in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Arthur  H.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  29,  1852,  in  Canada.  In 
1880  and  1882  he  was  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  for  the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  of 
Indiana.  In  1893-95  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-third  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Taylor,  Asher,  congressman.  In  1843-45 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  twenty-eiglith  congress.  He  died  in 
New  York. 

Taylor,  Asher  Clayton,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  21,  1842,  in  Fredonia,  N.Y.  He  served 
during  the  civil  war  in  the  Wisconsin  vol- 
unteers; and  attained  the  rank  of  adju- 
tant. He  then  joined  the  regular  army; 
and  in  1904  was  retired  as  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  tlie  United   States  army. 

Taylor,  Bayard,  journalist,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  11,  1825,  in  Kennett 
square.  Pa.     He  went  to  New  York  city  and 

engaged  in  editorial 
work.  In  1851  he  set 
out  on  a  ])r()tracted 
tour  in  the  east, 
;  j»^^  -.^L^K^  which  occupied  sev- 
eral years;  and  in 
18G2-G3  was  secretary 
of  the  United  States 
legation  at  St.  Peters- 
1)  u  r  g,  Russia ;  and 
part  of  the  time  act- 
ing charge  d'  afl'aires. 
In  1874  he  revisited 
Egypt;  and  in  1878 
he  was  appointed  United  States  minister  to 
Cermany.  He  was  the  author  of  Travels  in 
Greece  and  Rome;  At  Home  and  Abroad; 
The  Echo  Club;  Egypt  and  Iceland; 
Mosque;  and  other  works.  He  died  Dec. 
19,   1878.  in   P.crlin.  Prussia. 

Taylor,  Barnard  Cook,  theologian,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  20,  1850,  in  Holmd'el, 
N.J.      In    1877-80   he  was  instructor  of   He- 


brew ;  was  associate  professor  of  biblical  in- 
terpretation in  1880-83;  and  since  then  has 
filled  the  chair  of  old  testament  exegesis 
ill  the  Crozer  theological  seminary  of  Ches- 
ter, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Outline  Analy- 
sis of  the  Books  of  the  Bible;  and  Histor- 
ical  Books  of  Old  Testament. 

Taylor,  Benjamin  Cook,  clergyman,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1801,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1828-81  he  was  pastor  of 
the  reformed  church  of  Bergen,  the  two 
hundredth  anniversary  of  which  he  com- 
memorated in  a  sermon  in  18G1.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  Annals  of  the  Classis  and 
Township  of  Bergen.  He  died  Feb.  2,  1881, 
in  Bergen,  N.J. 

Taylor,  Benjamin  Franklin,  author,  poet, 
was  born  July  19,  1819,  in  Lowville,  N.Y. 
In  1840  he  became  literary  editor  of  the 
Chicago  Journal.  He  traveled  in  jMexico 
and  the  islands  of  the  Pacific;  and  was  for 
many  years  a  public  lecturer.  He  was  the 
author  of  Songs  of  Yesterday;  Old  Time 
Pictures,  and  Sheaves  of  Rhyme;  Dulce  Do- 
mum;  Between  the  Gates;  Summer  Sav- 
ory; The  River  of  Time;  Pictures  of  Life 
in  Camp  and  Field;  Complete  Poems;  and 
Theophilus  Trent,  a  novel.  He  died  Feb. 
24,  1887,  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Benjamin  Irving,  congressman, 
lawyer,  was  born  Dec.  21,  1877,  in  New 
Vork  City.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  represent- 
ative from  New  Y^ork  to  the  sixty-third 
congress. 

Taylor,  Bertleston,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  13,  18G6,  in  Goshen,  Mass.  For 
many  years  lie  was  engaged  in  journalism; 
and  is  now  on  the  staff  of  Puck  of  .New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Well 
in  the  Wood;  The  Log  of  the  Water  Wa- 
gon;  and  The  Charlatans. 

Taylor,  C.  Bryson,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  in  1880  in  Washington,  D.C.;  and  is 
tlie  daughter  of  Dr.  John  Y.  Taylor,  of  the 
United  States  navy.  Since  1900  she  has 
been  engaged  in  miscellaneous  newspaper 
and  magazine  work  in  Washington  and 
New  York  City;  and  is  now  on  the  staff  of 
Everybody's  Magazine  of  New  York  City. 
Slie  is  a  member  of  the  National  geographic 
society,  the  Columbia  historical  society  and 
the  National  society  of  colonial  dames.  She 
is  the  author  of  In  the  Dwellings  of  the 
Wilderness;  The  Wooing  of  Ah-te;  and 
Nicanor,  Teller  of  Tales. 

Taylor,  Caleb  N.,  agriculturist,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  27,  1813.  in  Sunbnry, 
Pa.  In  1867-71  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fortieth  and 
forty-first  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
(lied   in   Pennsylvania. 

Taylor,  Charles,  clergyman,  missionary, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  Sept.  15, 
1819,  in  Boston,  ISlass.  lie  was  a  meth- 
odist  clergyman  who  was  a  missionar}'  to 
China  in  1848-54.  He  returned  to  the 
United  States  in  1854;  was  president  of 
Spartanburg  female  college  in  1857;  and  in 
ISGG  of  Keiitnckv  Weslevan  college  at  Mil- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


415 


lersburg.  lie  was  author  of  Five  Years  in 
China;  and  Baptism  in  a  Nutshell.  He  died 
in  Kentucky. 

Taylor,  Charles  Cofi&n,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1805,  in 
Rowley,  Mass.  He  was  a  lecturer  of  St. 
Andrew's  church  of  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.;  and 
in  1850-51  was  president  of  St.  Mark's  col- 
lege at  Grand  Kapids,  ilich.  In  184(J-50  he 
was  regent  of  the  university  of  ^Micliigan. 
He  died  Feb.   1.   lS'i~).   in  Kalamazoo,   ^lieh. 

Taylor,  Charles  Elisha,  educator,  college 
president,  autlior,  was  born  Oct.  28,  1842, 
in  Kielimond,  Va.  Since  1884  he  has  been 
president  of  \Yake  Forest  college  of  North 
Carolina.  He  is  the  author  of  Gilbert 
Stone,  poem ;  How  Far  a  State  May  Edu- 
cate;  and  Tlie  Story  of  Yates. 

Taylor,  Charles  Fayette,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  April  25,  1827,  in 
Willistown,  Yt.  He  is  a  surgeon  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  Theory  and 
Practice  of  the  Movement  Cure;  Spinal  Ir- 
ritation; Sensation  and  Pain;  Mechanical 
Treatment  of  Angular  Curvature  of  the 
Spine;  Treatment  of  Disease  of  the  Hip 
Joint;  and  Infantile  Paralvsis.  He  died  in 
18!J9,  in   Pliiladelphia. 

Taylor,  Charles  H.,  soldier,  journalist, 
jiulilisher,  was  born  duly  14,  1840,  in  Bos- 
ton. Mass.  He  started  in  life  as  a  jjrinter 
and  reporter  on  tlie  Boston  Daily  Traveler. 
He  served  during  the  civil  war  in  the 
thirty-eighth  regiment  Massachusetts  vol- 
unteers. In  1872  he  was  a  representative 
in  the  .Massachusetts  state  legislature.  In 
1891-9.3  lie  was  brigadier-general  on  Gov- 
ernor Ru.s.seirs  stair.  Since  1873  he  haa 
been  editor  and  manager  of  the  Boston 
Daily  (ilobe. 

Taylor,  Charles  Jay,  artist,  illustrator, 
was  born  Aug.  11,  1805,  in  New  York  City. 
He  has  illustrated  the  Taylor  Girl;  In  the 
Four  Hundr.-d,  by  C.  J.  Taylor;  Short  Ra- 
tions. l)y  Williston  Fish;  Partners  of  Provi- 
dence, by  C.  1).  Stewart;  and  many  otiier 
books. 

Taylor,  Charles  Manus,  nnrchant.  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1849  in  i'liihiddphia,  Pa. 
He  was  a  merciiant  of  Phila(l(l|)liia.  i'a.  Ib- 
is the  author  of  Yacation  Days  in  Hawaii 
and  Japan;  The  British  Isles  Through  an 
Opera  ({lass;  Odd  Bits  of  Travel  With 
Brush  and  Camera;  and  Why  My  Plioto- 
graph   Was  Bad. 

Taylor,  Christopher,  quaker  preacher, 
was  l)(»rM  aixmt  1020  in  Kngland.  He  was 
a  puritan  yi.iiislcr  until  he  was  converted 
to  i|uaki'r  doctrines  by  the  teachings  of 
(Jeiirge  Fo.x.  He  was  a  man  of  learning, 
and  expounded  his  belief  in  dill'erent  parts 
of  Kngland  while  j)ursuing  tlie  vocation  of 
a  teacher  of  the  classics.  He  died  in  .\|)iii, 
lOSO.  in   l'liila<leli.liia.  Pa. 

Taylor,  Daniel  T.,  clergyman,  author, 
poet,  was  born   March   20,    1823,   in   Rouse's 

Point,  N.Y.     Since  1840  he  lias  1 n   in  the 

ministry;  and  now  fills  a  pastorate  in  Hyde 
Park,  Mass,     He  is  the  author  of  numerous 


])amphlets  and  tracts;  and  a  volume  en- 
titled tlie  Reign  of  Christ. 

Taylor,  David,,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1878- 
96  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Wisconsin. 

Taylor,  David  Watson,  naval  constructor, 
autlior,  was  born  in  1864  in  Louisa  county, 
Ya.  In  1885  he  graduated  from  the  United 
States  naval  academy.  In  1899  he  con- 
structed the  first  experimental  tank  ever 
built  in  the  United  States.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Resistance  of  Ships;  and  Screw 
Compulsion. 

Taylor,  E.  J.,  educator.  He  has  attained 
success  in  educational  work  and  is  now 
county  superintendent  of  public  education 
at  EUisville,  Miss. 

Taylor,  Edward,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1042  in  England.  He  left  several 
manuscript  volumes,  including  a  Com- 
mentary on  the  Four  Gospels;  Christo- 
graphia,  or  a  Discourse  on  the  Yirtues  and 
Cliaracter  of  Christ;  and  poems  in  English 
and  in  Latin.  He  died  June  29,  1729,  in 
Westfield,  Mass. 

Taylor,  Edward  Livingston,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  10,  1869,  in  Co- 
lumbus, Oiiio.  In  1807  he  graduated  from 
Columbus  high  school;  and  in  1891  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law.  In  1905  he 
was  prosecuting  attorney;  and  in  1905-11 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and  si.xty-first  con- 
gresses as  a  republican. 

Taylor,  Edward  Robeson,  public  official, 
autlior,  was  born  Sept.  24,  1838,  in  Spring- 
field, 111.  In  1907  he  was  elected  mayor  of 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  Since  1886  he  has  been 
trustee  of  the  San  Francisco  public  library; 
and  was  president  of  the  San  Francisco 
law  library.  He  is  the  author  of  Into  the 
Liglit  and  Other  Yerse;  and  Selected 
Poems. 

Taylor,  Edward  Thomas,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Metamora,  111.  He 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Illi- 
nois and  Kansas;  and  in  1881  graduated 
from  the  high  school  of  Leavenwortli,  Kan. 
In  1884  he  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  university  of  Michigan  with 
the  degree  of  LL.B.  He  began  the  practice 
of  law  in  Leadville,  Col.;  in  1884  was  elect- 
ed sujierinteiulent  of  scliools  of  Lake  coun- 
ty, Col.;  in  1885  was  deputy  district  attor- 
ney; and  since  1887  has  practiced  his  pro- 
fession in  (Jlenwood  Springs.  Col.  In  1887 
he  was  eleeti'd  district  attorney  of  tlie  ninth 
judicial  district;  and  in  1890-1908  was  a 
member  of  the  Colorado  state  senate.  In 
1909  15  he  was  a  representative  from  Colo- 
rado to  the  sixty-first,  sixtj-.second  and 
sixty-tliii'd   cniiiiresscs   as  a   di'mocrjtt. 

Taylor,  Edward  Thompson,  clergyman, 
missionary,  was  born  Dec,  25,  1793,  in 
Uichmond,  \a.  In  1839  he  was  licensed  to 
preach;  and  received  various  ap|ioiiitnients 
in  sealioaii!  towns,  wliere  he  attracted 
large  crowds.  He  was  pastor  of  the  Meth- 
odist seaman's  bethel  church   in  Boston  for 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


many  years.    He  died  April  6,  1871,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

Taylor,  Elbert  Ozial,  clergyman,  lectur- 
er, author,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1843,  in 
Rushford,  N.Y.     In  18G8  he  graduated  from 

the  university  of  Chi- 
cago; and  in  1871 
graduated  from  the 
baptist  union  theo- 
logical seminary  of 
Chicago.  For  a  quar- 
ter of  a  century  he 
has  been  a  pastor  of 
churches  in  Topeka, 
Kan. ;  Ionia,  Mich. ; 
and  Chicago,  111.  He 
was  the  founder  and 
editor  of  the  Kansas 
J^jvangel ;  and  for  two 
years  was  chaplain  of  the  Kansas  state 
house  of  representatives.  For  the  past 
twelve  years  he  has  been  a  lecturer  on  good 
citizenship  and  scientific  temperance.  In 
188(j  lie  was  a  candidate  for  the  Illinois 
state  house  of  representatives  on  the  pro- 
hibition ticket;  and  was  twice  a  delegate 
to  tile  national  convention  of  the  prohibi- 
tion party.  He  is  the  author  of  Short 
Stories  on  Scientific  Temperance;  The  Biog- 
raphy of  a  Slave;  and  a  number  of  popular 
liymns  and  miscellaneous  poems. 

Taylor,  Emerson  Gifford,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  9,  1874,  in  Pittsfield, 
Mass.  Since  1898  he  has  been  an  instructor 
in  Yale  university.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Daughter  of  Dale;   and  The  Upper  Hand. 

Taylor,  Mrs.  Emily  Drayton,  painter, 
artist,  autlior,  was  born  in  18G0  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  She  is  the  wife  of  Dr.  J.  Madi- 
son Taylor  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Some  of 
her  most  important  productions  are  minia- 
tures of  President  and  Mrs.  McKinlcy,  Mrs. 
Emmons  Blaine,  Mrs.  Cyrus  McCormick 
and  Dr.  S.  Weir  JMitchcll.  She  is  part  au- 
thor of  Heirlooms  in  Miniature. 

Taylor,  Ezra,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ire- 
land. In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  in 
the  first  regiment  Illinois  light  artillery; 
and  in  1805  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.     He  died  Oct.  25,  1885. 

Taylor,  Ezra  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  9,  1823,  in  Nelson, 
Ohio.  In  1801  he  moved  to  Warren,  Ohio; 
and  was  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
for  the  ninth  judicial  district  in  1877-80. 
In  1879-93  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-sixth,  forty-seventli,  forty- 
eighth,  forty-ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-first,  and 
fifty-second  congresses  as  a  republican. 

Taylor,  Fitch  Waterman,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Aug.  4,  1803,  in  Middle 
Haddam.  He  was  an  episcopal  chaplain  in 
the  I'nited  States  navy;  and  in  1805  was 
senior  chaplain  in  the  service,  lie  was  the 
author  of  The  Flag  Ship,  or  a  Voyage 
Around  the  World;  and  The  Broad  Pen- 
nant. He  died  July  23,  1865,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y. 


Taylor,  Francis  Matthew  Sill,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  March  19,  1851,  in  Erie, 
Pa.  Since  1876  he  has  filled  pastorates  in 
his  church;  since  1890  has  been  pastor  of 
the  church  of  the  ascension  of  Mt.  Vernon, 
N.Y. ;  and  is  now  pastor  emeritus.  He  is 
the  author  of  An  American  Hierarchy; 
America's  Mission;  and  Dionysius  the  Are- 
opagite. 

Taylor,  Frank,  soldier,  was  born  April 
29,  1842,  in  France.  In  1800-63  he  served 
as  a  private  soldier  and  surgeon-general  in 
the  civil  war.  In  1867  he  was  appointed 
from  Iowa  second  lieutenant  in  the  second 
United  States  infantry;  and  in  1905  was 
retired  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general. 

Taylor,  Frank  Bursley,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  23,  1800,  in  Fort  Wayne, 
Ind.  Since  1892  he  has  published  numerous 
papers  relating  to  the  history  of  the  Great 
Lakes  and  Niagara  falls;  and  since  1900 
has  been  employed  in  the  Michigan  geolog- 
ical survey;  and  in  the  glacial  division  of 
the  United  States  geological  survey.  He  la 
the  author  of  The  Planetary  System,  a 
Stud}'  of  Its  Structure  and  Growth. 

Taylor,  Frederick  Manville,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  11,  1855,  in  Northville, 
Mich.  Since  1890  he  has  been  connected 
with  the  university  of  Michigan;  and  is  a 
lecturer  on  political  economy  and  finance. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Right  of  the  State 
to  Be. 

Taylor,  Frederick  William,  clergyman, 
bisliop,  author,  was  born  Jan.  11,  1853,  in 
Toledo,  Ohio.  He  was  chaplain  of  the  state 
senate  of  Illinois  in  the  thirty-eighth  gen- 
eral assembly.  He  was  president  of  the 
standing  committee  of  the  Diocese  of 
Springfield.  In  1901  he  was  consecrated 
protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  Springfield, 
jll.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Confessions 
of  Our  Christian  Faith,  commonly  called 
the  Creed  of  St.  Anthanasius,  with  brief 
notes.  He  died  April  27,  1903,  in  Kenosha, 
Wis. 

Taylor,  Frederick  Winslow,  mechanical 
engineer,  inventor,  author,  was  born  March 
20,   1850,  in  Germantown,  Pa.     In   1883  he 

graduated  from  the 
Stevens  institute  of 
technologj'^  as  M.E. 
■He  received  a  gold 
medal  from  the  Paris 
exposition  for  his  in- 
vention of  the  Tay- 
lor-White process  of 
treating  ijiodern  high- 
speed tools;  and  i.as 
received  a  b  o  ut  one 
hundred  patents  for 
his  various  inven- 
tions. In  1881  he 
won  the  double  chaiiipionship  of  the  United 
States  in  lawn  tennis.  He  is  the  author  of 
Concrete  Plain  and  Reinforced;  and  Art  of 
Cutting  Metals. 

Taylor,  George,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion  of   independence,  was  born   in   1716   in 


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417 


liL'laml.  In  I7ti4-7U  ho  \va»  a  inciiilH-r  of 
Uiu  provincial  assembly  at  rhiladt-lphia.  Ho 
was  again  fleeted  to  the  assembly  m  1775; 
and  in  1770-77  he  was  a '  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  continental  congress; 
and  was  a  signer  of  the  declaration  of  in- 
dependence. He  died  Feb.  23,  1781,  in  Eas- 
ton.    I'a. 

Taylor,  George,  lawyer,  congressman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  19,  1820,  in  Wheeling, 
W.Va.  In  1857-59  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirty-tifth  congress. 
He  was  the  author  of  Indications  of  the 
Creator.     He  died  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Taylor,  George  Boardraan,  missionary, 
avitlior,  was  born  Dec.  27,  1832,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.  He  was  a  baptist  missionary  in 
Rome  since  1873.  He  was  the  author  of 
Oakland  Stories;  Costar  Grew;  Roger  Be- 
mant,  the  Pastor's  Son;  Walter  Ennis,  a 
tale  of  the  Early  Virginia  Baptists;  and 
Life  of  J.  B.  Taylor.  He  died  in  1907  in 
Italy. 

Taylor,  George  Edwin,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Aug.  4,  1857,  in 
Little  Rock.  Ark.  He  is  the  editor  and 
owner  of  the  Solicitor,  a  national  journal 
published  at  Oskaloosa,  Iowa.  He  has  at- 
tained success  as  a  speaker;  takes  a  promi- 
nent part  in  political  all'airs;  and  was  a 
delegate  to  tiie  Chicago  democratic  national 
eitnvention  in  1890.  He  is  the  acknowl- 
edged leader  of  his  race  in  Iowa;  and  the 
iiuthor  of  a  book  entitled  The  American 
Negro. 

Taylor,  George  Henry,  physician,  author, 
was  born  in  1821  in  Willistown,  Vt.  He 
was  a  physician  of  New  York  City.  He  was 
the  author  of  Exposition  of  the  Swedisli 
Movement  (Jure;  Health  for  Women;  Mas- 
sage; and  Pelvic  and  Hernial  Therapeutics. 
He  died  in  New  York  City. 

Taylor,  George  Herbert,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  May  10,  1853,  in  Berkshire,  Vt. 
He  is  tiie  autlior  of  Fifteen  Years  a  Mys- 
tery; Erastus  Corning;  An  Agreement  and 
Wliat  Came  of  It;  William  Livingston; 
'J" rout  {'"ishing  in  Wisconsin;  A  Bear  Hunt 
in   N'crninnt:  and   Hunting  in   Minnesota. 

Taylor,  George  K.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1801 
he  was  apjiointed  United  States  judge  of 
tlie  eircuit  court  for  tlie  fourth  cireuit.  He 
died   alxnit    iSlli. 

Taylor,  George  Lansing,  eiergynnin,  au- 
thor, was  born  Fib.  13,  1835,  in  Skanea- 
teles,  N.Y.  He  is  a  niethodist  clergyman  of 
eastern  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of 
Eli  jail  the  Reformer,  a  llallad  Epic;  (irant, 
an  Elegy,  and  Other  Poems;  What  Shall 
We  Do  with  the  Sunday  School?  and  'ihe 
New   Africa. 

Taylor,  George  Morford,  educator,  mathc- 
matirian,  autliDr,  was  liorn  S('|)t.  15,  1>S43, 
in  Holondel,  N.J.  Since  1809  lie  has  been 
])rofessor  of  matheiinitics  at  Colgate  uni- 
\ersity.  He  is  the  auUior  of  ('ollege  Alge- 
lira  ;  Elements  of  .Algebra;  I'ive  Place  Log 
arithmic  and   Trigononii't  ric  Tables. 


Taylor,  George  Washington,  soldier,  law- 
yer, state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
Lorn  Jan.  10,  1849,  in  .Montgomery  county, 
Ala.  He  enlisted  as  a  private  in  company 
D,  lirst  regiment  South  Carolina  cavalry; 
and  served  as  a  courier  till  the  end  of  the 
war.  He  was  elected  to  the  lower  house  of 
the  general  assembly  of  Alabama  in  1878; 
and  served  one  term  as  a  member  from 
Choctaw  county.  In  1880  he  was  elected 
state  solicitor  for  the  lirst  judicial  circuit 
of  Alabama,  and  was  re-elected  in  1880.  In 
1897-1915  he  was  a  representative  from 
Alabama  to  the  tifty-lifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty- 
seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth, 
sixty-first,  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Taylor,  George  William,  soldier,  was  born 
Nov.  22,  1808,  in  Hunterdon  county,  N.J. 
\Mien  the.  civil  war  began  he  was  made 
colonel  of  the  third  New  Jersey  infantry. 
He  received  his  commission  as  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  in  1802.  He  died  in 
September,   1802,   in  Alexandria,  Va. 

Taylor,  Graham,  educator,  sociologist,  was 
born  May  2,  1851,  in  Schenectady,  N.Y.  He 
is  professor  of  social  economics  of  the  Chi- 
cago theological  seminary;  and  president  of 
the  Chicago  school  of  civics  and  philan- 
thropy; founded  and  is  resident  warden  of 
the  Chicago  commons  social  settlement;  and 
is  associate  editor  of  The  Survey. 

Taylor,  Hannis,  lawyer,  diplomat,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  12,  1851,  in  New  Berne, 
N.C.  He  is  professor  of  constitutional  and 
international  law  at  George  Washington 
university.  He  was  minister  to  Spain  in 
1893-97.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Origin 
and  Growth  of  the  English  Constitution; 
International  Public  Law;  and  Jurisdiction 
of  the  Procedure  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States. 

Taylor,  Henry  Clay,  naval  officer,  was 
born  :Marc]i  12,  1842,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
For  three  years  he  was  president  of  the 
naval  war  college  near  Newport;  and  in 
1897-1902  was  in  command  of  the  battle- 
ship Indiana,  in  which  he  had  an  honor- 
able share  in  the  destruction  of  Cervera's 
Spanish  sipiadron  at  Santiago  in  1898.  He 
attained  the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  In  1902 
he  was  ap])ointed  chief  of  the  buri'au  of 
navigation  al  Washinjrton.  He  died  Julj' 
20,   1904.   in   Canada. 

Taylor,  Henry  Osborn,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  5,  185(),  in  New  York.  He  is  a  legal 
writer  of  .New  York  City.  He  is  the  author 
of  Ti'catise  on  the  Law  of  Private  Corpora- 
lions,  a  stamlard  work  much  used  as  a 
text-book  in  law  schools;  Ancient  Ideals; 
and  The  Classical  Heritage  of  the  Middh; 
Ages. 

Taylor,  Horace  Adolphus,  publisher,  state 
senator,  diplonnit,  was  born  May  24,  1837, 
in  Madrid,  N.Y.  For  many  years  he  was 
<'.\teiisi\-ely  engaged  in  banking.  i)rinting. 
Iinnliering.  and  the  real  estate  business.  In 
1874-80    he    was    the    Wisconsin    state    land 


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agent;  and  in  1880-83  was  United  States 
consul  to  Marseilles,  France.  In  1887  he 
was  elected  state  senator  of  Wisconsin ;  and 
in  1889-93  was  United  States  commissioner 
of  railroads.  In  1S99  he  became  assistant 
secretaiy  of  the  Lfnited  States  treasury  de- 
partment. 

Taylor,  Howard  S.,  lawyer,  poet,  was 
born  Jan.  19,  184(5,  in  Staunton,  Va.  He 
grathiated  from  Burlington  college  and 
from  the  Cincinnati  law  school ;  and  has 
attained  note  as  a  successful  practicing 
lawyer  and  counselor.  In  1896-1902  he  was 
city  prosecuting  attorney  of  Chicago,  111.; 
and  has  filled  other  positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  is  best  known  by  his  poems, 
some  of  which  are  of  national  reputation. 
Among  these  are  The  Man  With  the  ^lus- 
ket;  The  Liberty  Bell;  The  War  Widow; 
Jackson's   Day;    Spartacus;    and.  Athens. 

Taylor,  Isaac  Ebenezer,  pliysician,  au- 
(h(n',  was  Ijoiii  x\i)ril  25,  1812,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1801  the  Bellevue  liospital 
medical  college  was  incorporated  and  went 
into  operation;  and  he  became  its  president 
and  treasurer.  He  was  one  of  tlic  origina- 
tors of  the  New  York  Medical  Jouiiial ;  and 
president  of  its  association  in  1869-70.  Ho 
died  Oct.  30,  1889,  in  Now  York  City. 

Taylor,  Isaac  Hamilton,  lawyer,  ongress- 
man,  was  born  April  18,  1840,  near  New 
Harrisburg,  Ohio.  He  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  the  law  at  Carrollton,  Ohio,  in  his 
native  county;  and  was  clerk  of  the  courts 
of  Carroll  county  in  1870-77.  In  1885-87 
he  was  a  representative  from  Oliio  to  the 
forty-ninth   congress  as  a  republican. 

Taylor,  Isaac  Stockton,  designer,  archi- 
tect, was  born  in  December,  1850,  in  Nash- 
vilh',  Tenn.  In  18()8  he  became  a  member 
of  an  architect  firm;  and  since  1879  has 
been  in  practice  alone.  He  designed  the 
Liggett  and  B^'ers  block;  the  Dnnnmond  to- 
bacco factory;  the  public  library;  the  mer- 
cantile trust  building;  the  National  bank  of 
commerce;  and  other  large  buildings  of  St. 
Louis,  ;\Io.,  Illinois  and  Texas. 

Taylor,  Jacob,  nuithematician,  poet.  He 
was  a  schoolmaster  in  Philadelphia,  hold- 
ing the  appointment  of  surveyor-general  of 
the  commonwealth,  and  published  almanacs, 
for  which  he  coni])osed  poetical  pieces.  He 
also  practiced  medicine.  One  of  his  poems 
is  entitled  Pennsylvania.  He  died  in  1730, 
ill   l'liiladel])hia.  i'a. 

Taylor,  Jacob  E.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ohio.  In  1801  he  was  first  lieutenant  in 
the  second  regiment  Ohio  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
uiiiecrs.     He  died  Aug.  24,   1890. 

Taylor,  James,  ])ioneer,  soldier,  was  born 
April  11.  171)!),  in  Midway,  Va.  During  the 
second  war  with  Croat  Britain  he  used  his 
money  and  credit  to  pay  the  troops,  took 
llie  Held  as  brigadier-general  of  Kentucky 
militia;  and  served  as  quartermaster-gen- 
eral of  the  northwestern  army.  He  died 
Nov.  8,   1 848,  in  Newport,  Ky. 


Taylor,  James  Barnett,  missionary,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  19,  1819,  in  England. 
He  was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  Vir- 
ginia baptist-  education  society;  and  a 
founder  of  Richmond  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Life  of  Lot  Cary;  and  Lives  of 
Virginia  Baptist  Ministers.  He  died  Dec. 
22,  1871.  in  Pvichmond,  Va. 

Taylor,  James  Bayard,  author,  poet,  was 
born  in  1825  in  Pennsylvania.  He  was  an 
author  well  known  as  poet,  novelist,  trans- 
lator, and  traveler.  His  volumes  of  jjoems 
comprise  Ximena,  and  Other  Poems; 
Rhymes  of  Travel;  Poems  and  Ballads; 
Poems  of  Home  and  Travel;  Poems  of  the 
Orient,  his  most  original  work;  The  Picture 
of  St.  John;  The  Poet's  Journal;  Lars; 
The  iMas([ue  of  the  Gods;  Home  Pastorals; 
Prince  Deukalion ;  The  Prophet,  a  tragedy; 
and  Centennial  Ode.  In  fiction  he  pub- 
lished Beauty  and  the  Beast;  Hannah 
Thurston;  The  Story  of  Kenneti,;  John 
Codfrey's  Fortune;  Joseph  and  His  Friend. 
His  travels  include  Views  Afoot;  Eldorado; 
Byways  of  Europe;  Central  Africa;  Egypt 
and  Iceland;  Greece  and  Russia;  At  Home 
aiul  Abroad;  India,  China,  and  Jajian;  The 
l^ands  of  the  Saracen;  and  Colorado.  The 
translation  of  Faust  is  his  greatest  work, 
and  the  one  on  which  his  fame  will  most  se- 
curely rest.  Other  works  of  his  are  School 
History  of  Germany;  Literary  Essays  and 
Notes;  Studies  in  German  Literature;  and 
The  Echo  Club,  and  Other  Literary  Diver- 
sions.    He  died  in   1878. 

Taylor,  James  Brainerd,  clergyman,  was 
lioni  April  15,  1801,  in  Middle  Haddam 
count}^.  Conn.  He  engaged  in  missionary 
work  while  in  school  and  college,  and 
gained  many  converts.  His  faith  and  ardor 
are  commemorated  in  a  Memoir  by  John  H. 
and  Benjamin  H.  Rice.  He  died  March  29, 
1829,   in  llamjiden  Sidney,  Va. 

Taylor,  James  Knox,  designer,  architect, 
was  born  Oct.  11,  1857,  in  Knoxville,  111. 
He  practiced  his  profession  of  architecture 
in  St.  Paul  for  ten  years;  and  removed  to 
Philadcdphia  in  1892,  where  he  designed 
several  important  buildings.  In  1895  he 
became  a  senior  draughtsman  in  tlie  United 
States  architect's  ollice  in  Washington,  D.C., 
and  subsequently  was  made  principal 
draugiitsman.  In  1897  he  was  apjiointed 
supervising  arcliitect  of  the  United  States 
treasTiry  department. 

Taylor,  James  Loockerman,  soldier,  rail- 
way agent,  was  born  July  20,  1847,  in  Tal- 
lahassee, Fla.  He  served  as  a  youth  in  the 
Confederate  army  in  1864-05;  and  later  was 
a  captain  in  tlie  Georgia  national  guard, 
lie  is  the  European  representative  of  the 
Pennsylvania  railway  company.  He  was 
])iesident  of  the  American  society  of  Lon- 
don, where  he  has  made  many  notable 
speeches. 

Taylor,  James  Monroe,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author.  \Vas  born  Aug.  5,  1848. 
in    P.rooklyn,    N.Y.      lie    has   been    lU'csident 


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■119 


of  Vassal"  college  since  1886.  He  is  tlie  au- 
thor of  I'sychology ;  New  World  and  Old 
(Josjiol  ;  and  I'ractical  or  Ideal. 

Taylor,  James  Morford,  educator,  niatli- 
ematician.  author,  was  born  Sept.  15.  1843, 
in  llolnnlel,  X.J.  Since  1869  he  has  been 
professor  of  mathematics  at  Colgate  univer- 
sity. He  is  the  author  of  College  Algebra  ; 
Plane  Trigonometry  ;  and  Five-place  Logar- 
ithmic and  Trigonometric  Tables. 

Taylor,  James  Wickes,  diplomat,  author, 
was  lorn  Nov.  6,  1819,  in  Starkey,  Yates 
county.  N.Y.  He  was  United  States  consul 
at  Winnipeg,  Manitoba,  from  1870.  lie  was 
the  author  of  The  Victim  of  Intrigue,  a  Tale 
of  Burr's  Conspiracy ;  History  of  Ohio,  First 
Period;  1620-1787;  Manual  of  Ohio  School 
System  ;  Forest  and  Fruit  Culture  in  Mani- 
toba ;  and  Mineral  Resources  of  the  United 
States.     He  died  April  28.  1893.  in  Winnipeg. 

Taylor,  John,  United  States  senator,  au- 
thor, was  liorn  in  1750  in  Orange  county, 
Va.  In  1791-95.  1803-05  and  1821-24  he  was 
United  States  Senator  from  Virginia.  He 
was  the  author  of  Inquiry  into  the  Prin- 
ciples and  Polity  of  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment;  Agricultural  Essays;  Construction 
Construed  ;  Tyranny  Unmasked ;  and  New 
Views  of  the  United  States  Constitution. 
He  died  Aug.  20.  1824,  in  Caroline  coun- 
ty. Va. 

Taylor,  John,  missionary,  author,  was 
born  in  1752  in  Fauquier  county.  Va.  He 
was  the  author  of  an  account  of  his  religious 
labors  and  of  the  churches  that  he  had  aided 
in  founding,  entitled  A  History  of  Ten  Bap- 
tist Missions.  He  died  in  1833  in  Forks  of 
Elkhorn.   Ky. 

Taylor,  John,  governor.  In  1816-17  he 
was  aciing  governor  of  New  York. 

Taylor,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  governor,  was  born  May 
4.  1770.  in  Columbia.  S.C.  He  served  in  the 
South  Carolina  state  legislature  a  number  of 
years;  and  was  a  i)residential  elector  in 
1797.  In  1807-11  and  1815-17  he  was  a  re})- 
resentative  from  South  Carolina  to  the  tenth. 
eleventh  and  fourteenth  congresses;  and  in 
1809-16  and  1829-31  he  was  United  States 
stMiator.  He  was  a  state  senator  in  1810-22; 
and  wiis  the  seventeenth  governor  of  South 
Carolina  in  1826-28.  He  was  also  at  one 
time  receiver  of  ])ublic  moneys  in  Mississippi 
territory.  He  died  April  16.  1832.  in  Col- 
innbia.   S.C. 

Taylor,  John,  president  of  the  mormon 
church,  was  born  Nov.  1.  1808.  in  England. 
For  twenty  years  he  did  missionary  work 
for  the  mormons  in  (ireat  Britain  and 
France;  and  while  there  imblished  the  Book 
of  Mormon  in  Fn-nch.  ami  also  a  (lermau 
translation  in  Hamburg.  In  ^1854  he  went 
to  New  York  City,  where  he  Tssued  a  paper 
called  The  Mormon,  and  was  editor  of  nu- 
merous otiicr  church  i.ublic.-itions.  He  was 
by  the  side  of  .loscjih  Smith  when  the  latter 
w"as  assassinated  in  Carthage  jail,  and  re- 
ceived four  shots  in  his  body  ;  a  fifth  lodged 
in  his  watch,  which  probably  saved  his  life. 


He  was  a  delegate  to  congress  to  ask  for 
the  ailmission  of  Utah  ipto  the  union.  On 
llii^  death  of  Brigl.am  Yoiuig.  in  1877,  he 
succeeded  to  the  presidency  of  the  church, 
and  in  1880  was  made  president  and  prophet 
of  the  portion  of  the  mormon  church  that 
indorsed  and  practiced  polygam.v.  He  was 
an  early  advocate  and  adherent  of  polygamy, 
an.d  was  indicted  for  that  crime,  after  which, 
to  avoid  arrest,  he  went  into  exile  and  re- 
mained hidden  until  his  death.  He  died  July 
25.  1887. 

Taylor,  John  B.,  broker.  He  is  a  well- 
known  private  banker  of  New  York  City. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  New  York  stock  ex- 
change ;  and  is  prominent  in  the  financial 
and  public  affairs  of  that  city.  He  is  in- 
terested in  numerous  business  enterprises ; 
and  is  a  member  of  several  societies  and 
clubs. 

Taylor,  John  J.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Massachusetts.  In  1853-55  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
third  congress.     He  died  in  New  York. 

Taylor,  John  L.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  INIarch  7.  1805.  in  Stafford  county, 
Va.  In  1829  he  settled  in  Chillicothe.  Ohio; 
and  for  six  years  was  major-general  of  the 
Ohio  militia.  In  1847-55  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  thirtieth,  thirty- 
first,  thirty-second  and  thirty-third  con- 
gresses ;  and  in  1870  was  appointed  a  clerk 
in  the  interior  department.  He  died  Sept.  6. 
1870.    in    Washington.   D.C. 

Taylor,  John  Louis,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  1,  1769.  in  England. 
He  was  chief  justice  of  North  Carolina  in 
1810-29.  He  was  the  author  of  Superior 
Court  Cases  in  Law  and  Equity  ;  The  North 
Carolina  Law  Repository;  Term  Reports; 
and  Duties  of  Executors  and  Administrators. 
He  died  .Lnn.  29.  1829,  in  Raleigh.  N.C. 

Taylor,  John  Madison,  physician,  neurol- 
ogist, author,  was  born  July  4.  1855.  in  Lan- 
caster county.  Pa.  Since  1878  he  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  his 
attention  being  given  to  neurology  and  pedi- 
atrics. In  1894-1900  he  was  a  member  of 
the  council  of  the  Philadelphia  college  of 
physicians.  He  has  illustrated  many  med- 
ical books;  and  has  written  several  hundred 
pajiers;  and  is  editor  of  the  Monthly  Cyclo- 
l)edia  of  Practical  Medicine.  He  is  joint 
author  of  ManiKil  of  lUseases  of  Children. 

Taylor,  John  May,  soldit-r.  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  May  18. 
1838.  in  Li'xington.  Tenn.  He  entered  the 
confedi'rat*'  army  in  1861  ;  was  elected  lieu- 
tenant;  and  was  subsetpiently  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  major.  In  1869  he  was  elected 
mayor  of  Lexington.  Tenn. ;  and  was  attor- 
ne.v-geiieial  of  the  eleventh  judicial  circuit 
in  1870-78.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1881-82.  In  1883- 
87  he  was  a  reiiresentalive  from  Tennes.see 
to  the  forty-eighth  and  fijrty-ninth  congresses 
as  ii   (leiiiorial . 

Taylor,  John  Neilson,  lawyer,  author, 
was  i)orn  July  24.  1805.  in  N.-w  Brunswick, 


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N.J.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  Brooklyn.  He 
was  the  author  of  American  Law  of  Land- 
lord and  Tenant ;  and  The  Law  of  Execu- 
tors and  Administrators  in  New  York  State. 
He   died   Feb.   6,   1878,   in   New   Brunswick, 

N.J.  •  ,1,1     -i;!!.,! 

Taylor,  John  Orville,  reformer,  author, 
was  born  May  14,  1807,  in  Charlton,  N.Y. 
He  was  an  educational  writer  and  reformer 
of  New  York  state ;  and  after  1879  a  resi- 
dent of  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  District  School,  or  Popular 
Education.  He  died  Jan.  18,  1890,  in  New 
Brunswick,  N.J. 

iaylor,  John  P.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in 
the  first  regiment  Pennsylvania  cavalry  ;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
in  1864. 

Taylor,  John  Vincent,  soldier,  poet,  was 
born  in  1834  in  Bristol,  England.  He  volun- 
teered and  joined  the  second  New  York  state 

militia.  eighty-second 
regiment  for  three 
years  for  the  war, 
having  the  good  for- 
tune in  his  first  bat- 
tle at  the  Wilderness 
to  rescue  and  bring 
the  stars  and  stripes 
from  the  field  where 
they  had  been  left  by 
the  color-sergeant,  who 
was  shot.  In  1872  he 
sailed  for  Australia, 
and  was  known  among 
Australian  journalists  as  That  Young  Man 
from  America. 

Taylor,  John  W.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  26,  1784,  in 
Charlton.  N.Y.  He  was  elected  to  the  New 
York  state  legislature  in  1811.  In  1813-33 
he  was  a  representative  in  the  thirteenth, 
fourteenth,  fifteenth,  sixteenth,  seventeenth, 
eighteenth,  nineteenth,  twentieth,  twenty-first 
and  twenty-second  congresses ;  and  in  1819- 
21  and  1825-27  he  was  speaker  of  the  house 
in  the  sixteenth  and  nineteenth  congresses. 
He  was  a  state  senator  in  1841-42.  He  died 
Sept.  8,   1854.  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Taylor,  John  Yeatman,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Jan.  21.  1829.  in  East  Nottingham,  Pa. 
In  1853  he  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon 
in  the  United  States  navy.  In  1861  he  be- 
came surgeon.  In  1872  he  became  medical 
inspector;  and  in  1879  was  promoted  med- 
ical director.  In  1906  he  was  retired  with 
the  rank  of  rear  admiral  for  services  dur- 
ing th(>  civil  war. 

Taylor,  Jonathan,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Connecticut.  In  1839-41  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-sixth  con- 
gross.     He  died  in  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Joseph  Danner,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1830,  in  Bel- 
mont county.  Ohio.  He  served  in  the  union 
army  as  a  commissioned  officer  during  the 
civil  war.     He  was  twice  elected  prosecuting 


attorney  of  Ohio;  and  was  president  of  the 
city  school  board  for  seven  years.  In  1881- 
85  and  1887-93  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-seventh,  forty-eighth,  fif- 
tieth, fifty-first  and  fifty-second  congresses 
as  a  republican.  He  died  Sept.  22,  1899,  in 
Cambridge,  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Joseph  Hancock,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  26,  1836,  in  Kentucky.  In  1863  he 
was  assigned  to  duty  as  assistant  adjutant- 
general  of  the  department  at  Washington. 
He  was  appointed  a  major  on  the  staff  in 
1866  ;  and  was  brevetted  colonel  for  faithful 
services  during  the  civil  war.  He  died 
March  13,  1885,  in  Omaha,  Neb. 

Taylor,  Joseph  Judson,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  author,  was  born 
Nov.  1,  1855,  in  Henry  county,  Va.  In 
1903-07  he  was  president  of  Georgetown  col- 
lege of  Kentucky  and  now  fills  a  pastorate  in 
Knoxville,  Tenn.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Ordinances ;  A  Country  Preacher ;  and 
Christian  Science  Cult. 

Taylor,  Joseph  Pannel,  soldier,  was  born 
May  4,  1796,  in  Louisville,  Ky.  He  entered 
the  army  in  1813  ;  passed  through  all  grades ; 
and'  was  commissioned  a  brigadier-general 
in  1863.  He  died  June  29,  1864,  in  Wash- 
ington. D.C. 

Taylor,  Joseph  Russell,  educator,  author, 
poet,  was  born  July  10,  1868,  in  Circleville, 
Ohio.  Since  1894  he  has  been  teaching ;  and 
is  professor  of  English  at  the  Ohio  state  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  The  Overture, 
a  volume  of  poems. 

Taylor,  Margaret,  was  born  in  1790  in 
Calvert  county,  Md.  Until  her  husband's 
election  to  the  presidency  she  resided  with 
him  chiefly  in  garrisons  or  on  the  frontier. 
During  the  Florida  war  she  established  her- 
self at  Tampa  Bay,  and  did  good  service 
among  the  sick  and  wounded  in  the  hospitals 
there.  She  died  Aug.  18,  1852,  near  Pas- 
cagonla,  la. 

Taylor,  Mrs.  Marie  Hansen,  translator, 
author,  was  born  June  2,  1829,  in  Germany. 
She  zealously  promoted  her  husband's.  Bay- 
ard Taylor,  literary  career;  and  translated 
into  German  his  works;  Hannah  Thurston;- 
Story  of  Kennett ;  Tales  of  Home ;  and 
Studies  in  German  Literature.  She  is  the 
author  of  Letters  to  a  Young  Housekeeper; 
and  On  Two  Continents. 

Taylor,  Marshall  William,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  1,  1846,  in  Lexington, 
Ky.  He  was  a  methodist  clergyman  of 
African  descent  in  Kentucky.  He  was  the 
author  of  Handbook  for  Schools;  and  The 
Negro  in  Methodism.  He  died  Sept.  11, 
1887,   in   Louisville.  Ky. 

Taylor,  Mary  Cecelia,  actress,  was  born 
March  13.  1827.  in  New  York  City.  She  at- 
tained rank  as  a  comedian  and  opera  sing- 
er. Several  years  before  her  death  Miss 
Taylor  married  William  O.  Ewen.  a  mer- 
chant, and  retired  from  the  stage.  She  died 
Nov.  10,  1866,   in  New  York  City. 

Taylor,  Mary  Imlay,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born   in   Washington,  D.C      She   is   the 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


421 


author  of  Au  Imperial  Lover ;  On  the  Red 
Staircase ;  A  Yankee  Volunteer ;  My  Lady 
Clancarty ;  The  Impersonator ;  and  other 
works. 

Taylor,  Miles,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1855-61  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Louisiana  to  the  tliirty-fourth, 
thirty-fifth  and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  He 
died  in   Louisiana. 

Taylor,  Moses,  merchant,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Jan.  11.  1806,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  one  of  the  originators  of  submarine 
telegraphy  ;  and  has  been  an  active  promoter 
of  important  railway  lines.  Among  his 
charitable  gifts  was  one  in  1882  of  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  thousand  dollars  for  a  hospital 
for  employes  of  the  Delaware,  Lackawanna 
and  Western  railroad,  and  coal  and  iron 
companies  at  Scranton,  Pa.  He  died  in 
Scranton,  Pa. 

Taylor,  Nathaniel  G.,  lawyer,  clergyman,^ 
congressman,  was  born  Dec.  29,  1819,  in 
Carter  county.  Tenn.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1853  and  1860  ;  and  was  for  sev- 
eral years  a  minister  in  the  methodist  epis- 
copal church  south.  In  1853-55  and  1865-67^ 
he  was  a  representative  from  Tennessee  to 
the  thirty-third  and  thirty-ninth  congresses 
In  1867  he  was  appointed  commissioner  of 
Indian  affairs.     He  died  in  Tennessee. 

Taylor,  Nathaniel  William,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  June  23,  1786,  in  Newl 
Milford.  Conn.  He  was  a  congregational 
clergyman  ;  and  was  Dwight  ])rofessor  at 
Yale  university  in  1822-38.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Practical  Sermons ;  Moral  Govern- 
ment of  God  ;  and  Essays,  etc..  upon  Select 
Topics  in  Revealed  Theology.  He  died 
Marcii  10.  1858.   in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Taylor,  Nelson,  soldier,  state  senator,] 
congressman,  was  born  June  8.  1821.  in 
South  Norwalk.  Conn.  In  1849  he  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate  of  California.  In 
1861  he  was  mustered  into  military  service] 
as  colonel  of  the  seventy-second  regiment  of 
New  Y'ork  volunteers ;  and  was  promoted  toj 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  1862.  In 
1865-67  lie  was  a  rei)res('ntative  from  New 
York  to  the  thirty-ninth  congress.  He  died 
Jan.  16.  1894.  in  South  Norwalk,  Conn.         i 

Taylor,  Oliver  Alden,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  .Vug.  18.  1801.  in  Yarmoutli,  Mass. 
lie  was  a  congregational  clergyman  of  Man- 
chester in  1839-51.  He  was  the  author  of 
lirief  Views  of  the  Savior;  and  Life  of 
Jesus.  Tie  died  Dec.  18,  1851,  in  Manches- 
ter.   M:iss.  I 

Taylor,  Richard,  soldier,  legislator,  jurist,) 
was  l)oiii  .Manh  22.  1744.  in  Orange  county, 
Va.  He  was  tlie  father  of  I'resident  Zach- 
ary  Taylor,  who  was  his  third  son.  Ho 
received  over  eiudit  llKinsaiid  acres  of  laiwl 
1783  and  1808  for  former  military 
He  distinguislwil  liimself  for  his 
courage  and  imperturbable  coolness! 
:  and  attained  the  rank  of  colonel, 
a  member  of  the  Kentucky  conven- 
tion of  1785;  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1792  ;  and  also  of  the  second  consti- 


bel  ween 
services, 
intrepid 
in  battlt 
He   was 


tutional  convention  of  Aug.  17,  1799.  He 
served  in  1792  as  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
legislature;  and  was  elected  one  of  the 
judges  for  Jefferson  county.  In  1813,  1817, 
1821  and  1825  he  was  a  presidential  elector. 
He  died  in  1827.  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Taylor,  Richard,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  27.  1826,  in  New  Orleans,  La.  He  was 
a  confederate  officer.  He  was  the  author  of 
Destruction  and  Reconstruction.  He  died 
April  12,  1879.   in   New  York  City. 

Taylor,  Richard  Cowling,  geologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  18,  1789,  in  England. 
He  came  to  America  in  1830.  He  was  the 
author  of  Geology  and  Natural  History  of 
the  Northeast  Extremity  of  the  Alleghany 
Mountains  ;  History  and  Description  of  Fos- 
|f.sil  Fuel;  and  Statistics  of  Coal.  He  died 
|Nov.   26.   1851.   in   England. 

Taylor,  Robert,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1825-27  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Vriginia  to  the  nineteenth  con- 
gress.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

Taylor,  Robert,  stockman,  state  senator, 
was  born  in  1846  in  Berwickshire,  Scotland. 
In  1866  he  went  to  Pennsylvania  ;  and  the 
following  spring  moved  to  California  by  the 
Nicaragua  route.  In  188^  he  trailed  sheep 
from  California  to  Wyomi/ig;  was  one  of 
tlie  pioneers  of  the  business;  and  owns  a 
breeding  and  feeding  farm  of  nine  thou- 
sand acres  in  Wj^oming.  He  has  served 
two  terms  in  the  legislature  of  Wyoming 
as   state   senator   from  Natrona   county. 

Taylor,  Robert  Barraud,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  March  24.  J774.  in  Nor- 
folk. Va.  He  was  a  member  of  tlie  Virginia 
assembly  in  1798-99.  As  a  brigadier-general 
'of  Virginia  militia  he  served  in  the  defense 
of  Norfolk  in  1813-14.  He  was  a  member 
|of  tlie  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1829-30  :  and  judge  of  the  general  court  of 
Virginia  in  1831-34.  He  died  April  13.  1834 
in  Norfolk.  Va. 

Taylor,  Robert  Fenwick,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  .Maicli  10.  1849.  in  Beaufort  dis- 
trict, S.C.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Florida 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1885. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  chief  justice  of  the 
■<tate  snprenii'  court  of  Florida. 

Taylor,  Robert  Love,  lawyer,  lecturer, 
•ongre.ssman.  T'nited  States  senator,  was 
'><>i-n  July  31.  1850.  in  Happy  Valley.  Tenn. 
Me  was  educated  at  rcnnington  college  of 
\ew  Jersey.  In  1878  he  began  the  practice 
■>(  law  ;  and  in  1879-81  was  a  re])resentative 
lo  the  forty-sixth  congress  from  Tennessee. 
In  1885-87  he  was  pension  commissioner  for 
East  Tennessee.  In  1887-91  and  1897-99  he 
was  governor  of  Tennessee.  In  1891-96  he 
practiced  law  in  Chattanooga.  Tenn.;  and 
in  1892  was  presidential  elector  on  the  Cleve- 
lanil  ticket.  He  is  e(litor-in-<-liief  of  Bob 
Taylor's  M.ignzine  of  Niishville.  Tenn.  He 
is  now  United  States  senator  from  Tennes- 
ee  for   the   term   of  1907-13. 

Taylor,  Robert  Stewart,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state    legislator,   author,    was   born   May   22, 


422 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1838.  in  Ross  county,  Ohio.    He  has  attained 

success  at  the  bar  in 
Fort  Wayne,  Ind. ; 
has  served  with  dis- 
tinction as  a  member 
of  the  Indiana  state 
legislature ;  and  also 
served  one  term  on  the 
bench.  In  1881  he 
was  appointed  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Mississippi 
river  commission  by 
Pi'esident  Garfield  to 
Benjamin  Harrison. 
"  He  is   regarded  as  an 

authority  on  Mississippi  river  questions;  and 
has  published  many  addresses  and  papers  on 
that  subject.  He  was  a  member  of  the  mon- 
etary commission  appointed  under  the  au- 
spices of  •  the  Indianapolis  convention  of 
1897 ;  and  has  published  discussions  of  the 
money  question  covering  all  its  various 
phases. 

Taylor,  Robert  William,  physician,  edu- 
cator, was  born  Aug.  11,  1842,  in  England. 
He  is  one  of  the  surgeons  of  the  venereal 
department  of  the  Charity  hospital ;  physi- 
cian to  the  department  of  skin  diseases  in 
Bellevue  hospital  dispensary ;  and  for  six 
years  he  was  surgeon  to  the  department  of 
venereal  and  skin  diseases  of  the  New  York 
dispensary. 

Taylor,  Rufus,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  March  24,  1811,  in  Hanley,  Mass.  He 
was  a  congregational  minister  of  jNIassachu- 
setts;  and  after  1878  lived  in  Beverly,  N.J. 
He  was  the  author  of  Union  to  Christ; 
Love  to  God ;  Thoughts  on  Prayer ;  and  Cot- 
tage Piety  Exemplified.  He  died  in  Bev- 
erly, N.J. ' 

Taylor,  Samuel  Harvey,  educator,  author, 
M'as  born  Oct.  3,  18U7,  in  Derry,  N.H.  He 
was  principal  of  Phillips  academy  in  1837- 
71.  He  had  an  instinct  for  the  government 
of  boys.  He  was  the  author  of  Methods  of 
Classical  Study.  He  died  Jan.  20,  1871,  in 
Andover,  ]\Iass. 

Taylor,  Samuel  Mitchell,  congressman, 
was  born  ^lay  25,  1852,  in  Ittawamba  conn-  - 
ty.  Miss.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer;  and 
hixs  been  a  member  of  the  Arkansas  state 
legislature.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  rejiresent- 
ative  from  Arkansas  to  the  sixty-third 
congress. 

Taylor,  Stephen  William,  educator,  col- 
lege ])resident,  was  born  Oct.  28,  1791,  in 
Adams,  ]\lass.  In  1851  he  was  president  of 
Colgate  university.     He  died  Jan.   6,   1850. 

Taylor,  Thomas,  chemist,  microseopist, 
))liysiciau,  author,  was  born  April  22,  1820, 
in  Scotland.  He  has  invented  a  safety  lamp 
for  coal  mines;  im])roved  rifle  projectiles; 
and  many  electrical  aiul  other  devices.  He 
is  a  specialist  on  fungoid  diseases  of  plants. 
He  is  the  author  of  Students'  Handbook  of 
Alusln'oouis  of  America,  Edible  and  Poison- 
ous; l'\)()d  Prcxlucts;  The  Common  House 
Fly  as  a  Carrier  of  Poisons;  aiul  other 
works. 


Taylor,  Thomas  House,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  18,  1799,  in  George- 
town, S.C.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergy- 
man; and  rector  of  Grace  church  in  1834- 
67.  He  was  the  author  of  Sermons  Preached 
in  Grace  Church.  He  died  Sept.  9,  1867,  in 
West  Parke,  N.Y. 

Taylor,  Thomas  Thompson,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  Jersey.  In  1861  he  was  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  twelfth  regiment  Ohio 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  in  1865. 

Taylor,  Thomas  Ulvan,  educator,  civil  en- 
gineer, author,  was  born  Jan.  2,  1858,  in 
Parker  county,  Tex.  Since  1888  he  has 
been  professor  of  civil  engineering  in  the 
university  of  Texas.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Austin  Dam;  Underground  Waters  of 
Texas  Coastal  Plain;   and  other  works. 

Taylor,  Vincent  Albert,  soldier,  manu- 
facturer, state  senator,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  6,  1845,  in  Bedford.     He  enlisted 

in  company  II,  one 
hundred  and  fiftieth 
Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try ;  and  subsequent- 
ly in  company  PI,  one 
hundred  and  seventy- 
seventh  Ohio  volun- 
teer infantry,  and 
served  in  tliat  regi- 
^^^^    ^^^^    ment    until    the    close 

j^^^Lt^kJ^^^^  of  the  war.  He  then 
^HH[  ^^Bf  ^^M  began  business  as  a 
WKSfm    Jm.   ^BB    ni  a  n  ii  f  a  c  turer      of 

Cleveland,     Ohio.      In 

"1888-89  he  was  a  nu-mber  of  the  Ohio  state 

senate.     In  1891-93  he  was  a  representative 

from  Ohio  to  the  lifty-sccond  congress  as  a 

republican. 

Taylor,  Virgil  Corydon,  musician,  was 
born  in  1817  in  Barkhamstead,  Conn.  He 
endeavored  to  introduce  in  musical  notation 
an  index-staff  in  which  the  keynote  occu- 
pies a  lieavier  line  or  a  wider  space.  He 
published  collections  of  sacred  and  secular 
songs,  containing  many  compositions  by 
himself.  Their  titles  are  Sacred  Minstrel; 
llie  Lute,  or  Musical  Instructor;  Choral 
Anthems;  The  Golden  Lyre;  Concordia; 
The  Chime;  The  Celestina;  The  Song  Fes- 
tival; The  Enchanter;  The  Concertina;  and 
The  Praise  Oflering.     He  died  about  1890. 

Taylor,  Waller,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  in  1786  in 
Liuu'nl)urg  county,  Va.  He  was  a  judge  of 
the  territory  of  Indiana  in  1800.  He  was 
aide  to  General  Harrison  at  the  battle  of 
Tippecanoe;  and  in  1815-25  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Indiana.  He  died  Aug. 
20.   1826,  in  Lunenl)urg,   \'a. 

Taylor,  Walter  Herron,  soldier,  banker, 
state  senator,  author,  was  born  June  lo, 
1S38,  in  Norfolk.  Va.  He  was  a  confed- 
eiate  oMicer  during  the  civil  war;  was  aide 
on  stalT  of  General  Lee;  and  adjutant  gen- 
eral. Iji  1809-73  he  served  as  state  sena- 
t(H-   in   tile  Virginia   legislature;   and  subse- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


423 


qiiontly  a  banker  in  Norfolk.  He  is  tlte  au- 
thor of  Four  Years  with  Lieni-ral  Lw;  and 
General  Lee. 

Taylor,  William,  physician,  state  legis- 
lator, fongrcssman,  was  born  in  1793  in 
fonneeticut.  He  was  president  of  the  New 
York  medical  society;  and  was  a  practicing 
physician  for  fifty  years.  He  was  for  many 
years  president  of  'the  board  of  supi'rvisors 
of  tlie  state  of  New  York.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1841-12  and 
1852-53.  Jn  1833-39  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Y'ork  to  the  twenty-third, 
twenty-fourth  and  twenty-fifth  congresses. 
He  died  Sejit.  tj.  180.5.  in  Manlius,  N.Y. 

Taylor,  William,  lawyer,  congressnuin, 
was  born  in  Alexandria,  D.C.  In  1843-47  he 
was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
twenty-eighth  and  twenty-ninth  congresses. 
He  died  dan.  17.  1841),  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Taylor,  William,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  -May  2,  1821,  in  Rockbridge  county, 
Va.  In  1842  he  entered  the  methodist  min- 
istry; and  in  1849-50  was  a  missionary  in 
California.  He  was  the  author  of  Seven 
Years  Street  Pi-eaching  in  San  Francisco; 
Cliristian  Adventures  in  South  Africa;  Four 
Years  Campaign  in  India ;  Pauline  ^lethods 
of  :Missionary  Work;  and  The  Story  of  My 
Life.  In  1884  he  was  appointed  methodist 
episcopal  missionary  bishop  for  Africa.  He 
died  May   18.   1902. "in  Palo  Alto,  Cal. 

Taylor,  William  Alexander,  journalist, 
author,  poet,  was  born  April  25,  1837,  in 
Perry  county,   Ohio.     Commencing  to  write 

prose  and  verse  at  the 
age  of  fifteen,  he 
taught  school  at  in- 
tervals for  the  fol- 
lowing six  years,  at 
the  sanu"  time  being 
editor  and  part  pro- 
])rietor  of  the  Perry 
County  Democrat.  At 
the  age  of  twenty-one 
he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  practiced  law 
for  four  years  in  con- 
nection with  editorial 
work,  and  was  also  states  attorney  a  part 
of  the  same  time.  He  tlien  l)ecame  one  of 
the  editorial  writers  of  the  Cincinnati  Kn- 
(piirer.  He  served  in  the  army  of  the  I^)to- 
uiac  during  the  war,  after  the  close  of  which 
he  resumeil  editorial  work  on  the  l']n(|uirer. 
He  was  chief  «'ditorial  writer  of  ti.e  Pitts- 
l)urg  Post  for  eight  years  subsequent  to 
1808.  He  next  was  employed  successively 
on  the  New  York  Sun  for  two  years;  then 
on  the  New  York  World  for  a  period ;  next 
was  managing  editor  of  the  Pittsi)urg  Tele- 
graph for  nearly  two  years;  and  then  be- 
came editorial  manager  of  Columbns  Demo- 
crat and  Tinu's  f<u"  several  years.  He  is 
now  again  with  tiie  Cincinnati  Kiupiirer  as 
stall'  correspondent  and  general  political 
writer.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Peril  of 
the     Pcpublic;     Ohio     in     Congress;     Ohio 


Statesmen;  Roses  and  Rue;   Press  of  Ohio; 
and  other  historical  and  litemry  works. 

Taylor,  William  B.,  governor.  In  1874-76 
he  was  the  tenth  govt'rnor  of  Wisconsin. 

Taylor,  William  Bower,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, physicist,  was  born  May  23,  1821,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1854-77  he  was  an  ex- 
aminer in  tiic  I'nited  States  patent  ollice  in 
Washington.  He  was  appointed  editor  of 
the  publications  of  the  Smithsonian  institu- 
tion in  1878.  He  died  Feb.  25,  1895,  in 
^^■as1lington.  D.C. 

Taylor,  William  George  Langworthy,  ed- 
ucator, author,  was  born  ^lay  13,  1859,  in 
New  Y'ork  City.  Since  1893  lie  has  been 
professor  of  economics  in  the  university  of 
Nebraska.  He  is  the  author  of  Exercises  in 
Economies. 

Taylor,  WilUam  Harrison,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  2,  1802,  in  Arctic,  R.I. 
He  lias  been  the  editor  and  business  man- 
ager of  the  Shore  Line  Times  of  New  Ha- 
ven, Conn. ;  is  part  owner  of  the  Windham 
County  Standard  of  Putnam,  Conn.;  and 
founded  the  Connecticut  editorial  associa- 
tion. He  was  a  messenger  in  the  Connecti- 
cut liouse  of  representatives  in  1884,  and 
doorkeeper  in  1889.  He  is  the  author  of 
Taylor's  Souvenir  of  the  Capitol  of  Connec- 
ticut; and  Taylor's  Legislative  Souvenir  of 
Rhode  Island. 

Taylor,  William  James  Romeyn,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  July  31,  1823,  in 
Schodack,  N.Y'.  In  1809  he  had  charge  of  a 
church  in  Newark,  N.J. ;  and  he  presided 
over  the  general  synod  in  1871.  In  I872-7G 
he  edited  the  Christian  Intelligencer;  and 
attended  tlie  presbyterian  councils  held  in 
Philadelphia,  Belfast,  and  London.  He  has 
published  hymns,  addresses,  sermons,  and 
tracts.  He  is  the  author  of  Louisa,  a  Pas- 
tor's Memorial;  The  IJible  in  the  Last  Hun- 
dred Y'ears ;  Church  Extension  in  Large 
Cities;  and  On  Co-operation  in  Foreign  Mis- 
sions. He  died  Nov.  21,  1891,  in  Newark, 
N.J. 

Taylor,  William  Ladd,  illustrator,  artist, 
was  born  Dec.  10,  1854.  in  (Jrafton,  ]\Iass. 
His  works  include  a  series  of  pictures  illus- 
trating the  Nineteenth  Century  in  New  Eng- 
land; a  series  of  jiictures  of  the  Pioneer 
West;  A  New  Longfellow  Scries;  and  The 
Psalm  Series. 

Taylor,  William  Mackergo,  clergyman, 
author,  WMs  lioin  Oct.  23,  1829,  in  Scot- 
land. He  came  from  Scotland  to  New  York 
City  in  1871;  and  was  pastor  of  the  Broad- 
way taliernade  in  1871-93.  He  was  the  au- 
thor <if  Contrary  Winds;  The  Limitations  of 
Life;  The  Lost  Found;  The  (iospid  .Mir- 
acles; Prayer  and  Business;  Life  Truths; 
John  Knox;  Joseph  the  Prime  Minister; 
Rnlli  the  (Meaner  and  Esther  the  Queen; 
Daviil.  King  of  Israel;  IClijah  the  Prophet; 
Peter  the  Apostle;  Daniel  the  Beloved; 
Moses  the  Law-Giver;  Paul  tjie  Missionary; 
and  The  Scottish  Pnljiit   from  the  Reforma- 


424 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


tion.  He  died  Feb.  8,  1895,  in  New  York 
City. 

Taylor,  William  P.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.  In  1833-3.5  he 
was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
twenty-third  congress.     He  died  in  Virginia. 

Taylor,  William  R.,  agriculturist,  state 
senator,  governor,  was  born  in  1820  in  Con- 
necticut. He  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1848; 
turned  his  attention  to  farming;  and  lield 
various  county  offices.  He  was  elected  to 
the  state  legislature,  both  house  and  sen- 
ate; and  in  1873  was  elected  governor  of 
Wisconsin.     He  died  in  Wisconsin. 

Taylor,  William  Rogers,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Nov.  7,  1811,  in  Newport,  R.I.  He 
served  in  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and 
became  a  rear-admiral  in  1871.  He  died 
April   14,  1889.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Taylor,  William  Sylvester,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Oct.  10,  1853,  in  Butler  county, 
Ky.  In  1886-94  he  was  judge  of  Butler 
county,  Ky. ;  and  was  attornej'  general  in 
1895-99.  in  1900  he  was  elected  the  thirty- 
first  governor  of  Kentucky,  but  was  re- 
moved from  that  office  by  the  general  as- 
sembly. 

Taylor,  William  Vigneron,  naval  officer, 
was  born  in  1781,  in  Newport,  R.I.  He 
was  attached  to  Commodore  Oliver  H.  Per- 
ry's flagship,  the  Lawrence,  in  the  battle  of 
Lake  Erie,  where  he  was  severely  wounded, 
afterward  receiving  a  vote  of  thanks  and  a 
sword  for  his  services.  He  was  promoted  to 
master-commandant  in  1831;  and  to  cap- 
tain in  1841.  He  died  Feb.  11,  1858,  in 
Newport,  R.I. 

Taylor,  William  Wallace,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Sept.  13,  1871,  in  Char- 
lottestown,  Canada.  He  has  attained  suc- 
cess in  his  profession  in  New  York  City; 
and  is  surgeon  to  the  Insular  transatlantic 
steam  navigation  company.  He  is  a  tutor 
in  the  New  York  polyclinic;  and  attending 
gynrecologist  in  the  outdoor  department  of 
Bellevue  hospital  of  New  York  City. 

Taylor,  Zachary,  twelfth  president  of  the 
United  States,  was  born  Sept.  24,  1784,  in 
Orange    county,    Va.      He    received    a    very 

limited  common  school 

education.        In      1808 

he  was  appointed  lieu- 

in    the    United 

infantry.      Mr. 

married 

was  pro- 


teunnt 
States 

Taylor  was 
in  1810.  He 
motod  from 
time,  and  in 
lained  the 
brigadier  -  g 


tune    to 

1840   at- 

rnnk     of 

e  n  e  r  a  1. 


About  this  time  he 
purchased  a  large  es- 
tate in  Louisiana.  In 
1845  he  was  ordered  to  INIexico.  and  com- 
manded at  the  battles  of  Palo  Alto,  Mata- 
nioras,  INIonterey  and  Bnena  Vista.  June  7, 
1848,  the  whig  national  convention  met  at 
Philadelphia.  June  8  the  balloting  com- 
menced.    On  the  first  ballot  Zachary  Taylor 


received  111  votes ;  Henry  Clay,  97 ;  Win- 
field  Scott,  46  ;  Daniel  Webster,  21,  and  John 
INIcLean,  2.  After  another  unsuccessful  bal- 
lot the  convention  adjourned.  On  the  first 
ballot,  June  9,  Taylor  received  133  votes ; 
Clay,  74;  Scott.  53;  Webster,  16,  and  John 
M.  Clayton,  1.  The  second  ballot  resulted 
in  a  choice,  Taylor  having  received  171 
votes:  Scott.  63;  Clay,  30;  Webster,  12. 
Millard  Fillmore  was  nominated  for  vice- 
president,  JNIessrs.  Taylor  and  Fillmore  were 
elected  the  coming  fall,  and  took  the  oath  of 
office  Blarch  5,  1849,  the  fourth  of  March 
occurring  on  Sunday  (inauguration  day)  the 
second  time,  and  occurred  again  in  1877.  Mr. 
Taylor  died  July  9,  1850.  Taylor  never  held 
a  political  office  or  cast  a  vote  until  he  was 
elected  to  the  presidency.  He  left  an  estate 
worth  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
dollars. 

Taylor,  Zachary,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  May  9,  1849,  in  Hay- 
wood county,  Tenn.  In  1880  he  was  elected 
state  senator;  and  was  postmaster  at  Cov- 
ington in  1883-85.  In  1885-87  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Tennessee  to  the  forty-ninth 
congress  as  a  republican. 

Tazewell,  Henry,  lawy.cr,  jurist.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  in  1753  in  Bruns- 
wick county,  Va.  In  1775  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses ;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  convention  of  1776.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  for 
many  years  ;  was  elected  judge  in  1785  ;  and 
of  the  first  court  of  appeals  in  1793.  In 
1793-99  he  was  United  States  senator  from 
Virginia.  He  died  Jan.  24,  1799,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Tazewell,  Littleton  Waller,  laAvyer,  con- 
gressman, governor.  United  States  senator, 
was  born  Dec.  17,  1774,  in  Williamsburg,  Va. 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  legislature 
in  1798.  In  1799-1801  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Virginia  to  the  sixth  congress; 
and  in  1823-33  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  was  the  seventeenth  governor  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1834-36.  He  died  May  6,  1860,  in 
Norfolk.   Va. 

Teall,  Francis  Augustus,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  horn  Aug.  16.  1822,  in  Fort  Anne, 
N.Y.  He  assisted  Ephraim  G.  Squier  in 
preparing  his  Ancient  Monuments  of  the 
MissM?sippi  Valley;  assisted  John  R.  Bart- 
lett  in  the  first  edition  of  his  Dictionary  of 
Americanisms;  and  made  the  analytical  in- 
dex to  the  American  edition  of  Napier's  Pen- 
insular War.  In  1853  he  became  editor  of 
a  ncwsjiaper  at  Huntington,  L.l.  He  died 
Nov.   16,   1894,  in   Bloomfield,  N.J. 

Teall,  Francis  Horace,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Fob.  17.  1850.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
For  many  years  he  was  editor  of  the  Inland 
Printer.  lie  is  the  author  of  The  Compound- 
ing of  American  Words ;  American  Com- 
pounded Words  and  Phrases;  and  Punctua- 
tion and  Proof  Reading. 

Tebbetts,  Charles  Edwin,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  April  25.  1855.  in 
Muscatine,  Iowa.     In  1877-87  he  was  profes- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


425 


sor  of  mathematics  in  Peun  college  of  Iowa  ; 
and  since  1900  has  been  president  of  Whit- 
tier  college  of  California. 

Teele,  Ray  Palmer,  editor,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  22.  18G8,  in  Filmore  county.  Minn. 
Since  1899  he  has  been  editor  in  the  United 
States  department  of  agriculture.  He  is  the 
author  of  Irrigation  in  Utah ;  Irrigation 
from  Interstate  Streams ;  The  State  Engi- 
neer;  and  Review  of  Irrigation  Legislation. 

Teese,  Frederick  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  12,  1823,  in  New- 
ark, N.J.  In  1860-61  he  was  a  member  of 
the  New  Jersey  general  assembly  ;  and  made 
speaker.  He  was  appointed  presiding  judge 
of  the  Essex  court  of  common  pleas  in  1864  ; 
and  was  reappointed  in  1869.  In  1875-77  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  to  the 
forty-fourth  congress. 

Tefft,  Benjamin  Franklin,  clergyman,  dip- 
lomat, author,  was  born  in  1813  in  Floyd, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  methodist  clergyman  of 
Maine  ;  in  1861  was  made  United  States  con- 
sul at  Stockholm  and  acting  minister  to 
Sweden  ;  and  in  1864  was  commissioner  of 
immigration  from  the  north  of  Europe  for 
the  state  of  Maine.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Shoulder-Knot,  a  Story  of  the  Seven- 
teenth Century  ;  Memorials  of  Prison  Life ; 
Methodism  Successful ;  Our  Political  Par- 
ties ;  Evolution  and  Christianity ;  Hungary 
and  Kossuth  ;  and  Life  of  Daniel  Webster. 
He  died  Sept.  16,  1885,  in  Brewer,  Maine. 

Tefft,  Israel  Keech,  antiquarian,  was  born 
Feb.  12,  1794.  in  Smithfield,  K.I.  His  leisure 
time  was  spent  in  the  collecting  and  care 
of  his  autographs  and  his  books.  He  was 
also  an  enthusiastic  member  of  the  Georgia 
historical  society,  serving  as  its  correspond- 
ing secretary  in  1839-62.  He  died  June  30, 
18(''2,  in  Savannah,  (ia. 

Tefft,  Lyman  B.,  clergyman,  educator, 
collc^ic  piTsideiit,  author,  was  born  July  15. 
1833.  in  Exeter  township.  K.I.     He  received 

a  thorough  education 
in  public  and  private 
schools    of    New    Eng- 

I  a  n  d  and  graduated 
f  r  o  m  a  theological 
seminary  as  D.D.  He 
is  prDiiiincnt  in  educa- 
tional and  religious 
affairs  and  as  a  pub- 
lic speaker  of  Kich- 
iiKind.  Va.  He  has 
bi'cn  proffssor  in  Kog- 

II  Williams  univer- 
sity.    Tenn, ;     and     is 

Miiw  president  of  the  Hartshorn  memorial 
.ollcge  of  Vir;;inia.  He  is  aullmr  of  Curios- 
ities of  Heart;  Ciistilutrs  of  .Moral  Phil- 
osophy. 

Tefft,  Thomas  Alexander,  architect,  au- 
thor, was  liuiii  \\v^.  ?,.  1S26,  in  Kichmond, 
K.I.  In  1856  he  went  to  Europe  in  order  to 
study  art  and  to  announce  his  ideas  of  a 
uniform  currency  for  all  nations,  on  which 
subject  he  read  a  paiier  before  the  British 
institute  of  social   science.     After  his  death 


the  princiiKil  features  of  his  scheme  were  in- 
corporated in  the  plan  that  was  agreed  upon 
by  an  international  conference  at  Paris  in 
1867,  at  which  nineteen  nations  were  repre- 
sented. He  was  the  author  of  Our  De- 
ficiency in  Art  Education  ;  and  Universal 
Currency.  He  died  Dec.  12,  1859,  in  Italy. 
Teccart,  Frederick  John,  librarian,  bibli- 
ographer, was  born  in  1870  in  Belfast,  Ire- 
land. In  1893-98  he  was  assistant  and  act- 
ing librarian  of  the  Leland  Stanford  univer- 
sity. In  1898-1906  was  librarian  of  the 
Mechanics'  institute  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. ; 
and  since  1906  has  been  librarian  of  the  Me- 
chanics' mercantile  library  of  San  Francisco, 
Cal.  He  is  honorary  custodian  of  the  Ban- 
croft library  of  the  university  of  California 
at  Berkeley  ;  and  also  honorary  librarian  of 
the  Bohemian  club  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Telfair,  Edward,  merchant,  congressman, 
governor,  was  born  in  1735  in  Scotland.  In 
1777-83  he  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to 
the  continental  congress.  In  1786-87  he  was 
colonial  governor  of  Georgia ;  and  in  1790- 
93  was  the  second  governor.  He  died  Sept. 
17,   1807,   in    Savannah. 

Telfair,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Savannah,  Ga.  In  1813-17  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Georgia  to  the  thirteenth 
and  fourteenth  congresses.  He  died  April  2, 
1818,   in   Savannah,  Ga. 

Teller,  Henry  Moore,  lawyer.  United 
States  senator,  cabinet  officer,  was  born  May 
23.  1830.  in  Granger,  N,Y.  He  moved  to 
Illinois  in  1858  :  and  from  there  to  Colorado 
in  1861.  In  1875-83  and  1885-1909  he  was 
United  States  senator.  In  1882-85  he  was 
secretary  of   the  interior. 

Teller,  Isaac,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1798  in  New  York,  In  1853-55  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
third  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  died 
April   30.   1868.   in   Matteawan.   N.J. 

Temple,  Daniel,  missionary,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  23.  1798.  in  Reading,  Mass,  He 
went  to  Malta  as  a  missionary  in  1822, 
where  he  labored  until  1828.  He  was  the 
author  of  works  in  modern  Greek.  Italian 
and  Armenian,  including  several  biogra|)hies 
of  Bible  characters;  and  edited  a  monthly 
mauaziiie  in  Greek.  He  dieil  Aug.  9.  1851. 
in  Keadiiii;.  Mass. 

Temple,  Edward  Lowe,  banker,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  .May  12.  1844.  in  Fort  Win- 
nebago. Wis.  In  1883-1903  he  was  treas- 
uri-r  of  the  .Marble  savings  bank  of  Rutland, 
Vt.  He  is  the  author  of  a  volume  entitled 
The  Church  in  the  Prayer  liook  :  Shake- 
si  tea  re :  (he  Man  and  his  Art;  The  'I'esti- 
moi>y  of  the  Scriptures;  and  One  Hundrefl 
Years  of  Clniri-h  Life. 

Temple,  Henry  Yillson,  congressman,  eil- 
ii.ator,  was  bom  .Mar.h  31,  1864,  in  Beile 
Center,  Ohio,  lie  has  been  iirofessor  of  his- 
t(M'y  and  political  scienre  in  Washington  and 
JefTerson  colleue.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  sixty- 
third  congress. 


426 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Temple,  Jackson,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Aug.  11,  1827,  in  Heath,  Mass.  He  was 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
California  in  1870-71,  1886-89  and  1894-1902. 
He  has  also  served  as^  district  judge  and 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Sonoma  coun- 
ty.    He  died  in  1902  in  Santa  Rosa.  Cal. 

Temple,  John,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  Felj.  3,  1821.  in  Scotland.  In  1852 
he  became  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
mill  machinery  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  and  invent- 
ed the  turbine  wheel,  an  engine  for  cutting 
and  counting  the  teeth  of  wheels ;  and  in- 
vented  many  other  appliances. 

Temple,  Mary  Boyce,  philanthropist,  au- 
thor, was  born  about  1859  in  Knoxville, 
Tenn.  She  is  prominent  in  various  societies 
in  the  south;  and  for  four  years  was  the 
first  corresponding  secretary  of  the  general 
federation  of  women's  clubs.  She  is  the 
author  of  A  Life  of  Margaret  Fuller  Ossoli. 

Temple,  Oliver  Perry,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  .Tan.  27,  1820,  in  Greene 
county,  Tenn.  He  was  a  noted  lawyer  of 
Knoxville,  Tenn. ;  and  in  1866-78  was  chan- 
cellor of  the  second  chancery  division  of 
Tennessee.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Cov- 
enanter; The  Cavalier;  The  Puritan;  East 
Tennessee  and  the  Civil  War;  and  Union 
Leaders  of  East  Tennessee.  He  died  Nov. 
2,  1907,  in  Knoxville.  Tenn. 

Temple,  William,  merchant,  state  sena- 
tor, governor,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1815.  in 
Queen  Anne  county,  Md.  In  1844  he  was 
elected  to  the  Delaware  state  legislature, 
and  was  speaker  of  the  house.  The  gover- 
nor of  Delaware  and  president  of  the  sen- 
ate having  died  in  1846,  he  became  acting 
governor  for  the  remainder  of  the  term  in 
1846.  During  the  next  ten  years  he  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate,  and  declined  a 
re-election  in  1854.  He  was  a  representative 
from  Delaware  to  the  thirty-eighth  congress. 
He  died  in  1863  in  Smyrna,  Del. 

Temple,  William  Grenville,  naval  officer, 
was  born  March  23.  1824.  in  Ilutland.  \t. 
He  served  through  the  Mexican  and  civil 
wars;  and  became  a  rear  admiral  in  1884; 
and  subsequently  was  retired.  He  died  June 
28.  1894.  in  Washington.  D.C. 

Templet,  James  N.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Feb.  8,  1836.  in  Xenia.  Ohio.  In  1861- 
67  he  was  i)rosecuting  attorney  of  the  thir- 
teenth judicial  circuit  of  Indiana.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  law  firm  of  Templer.  Ball  and 
Templcr  of  Mnncie.  Ind. 

Templeton,  Fay,  actress,  was  born  in  Lit- 
tle Rock.  Ark.  She  made  her  first  appear- 
ance on  the  stage  at  the  age  of  four  years; 
and  has  followed  her  profession  continuously 
since,  ajipcaring  in  many  comic  operas.  In 
1903-04  she  played  in  her  own  comjiany  ;  and 
since  1904  has  i'.cen  starring  in  comic  operas. 

Ten  Broeck,  Abraham,  soldier,  banker,  jur- 
ist, state  .senator,  was  born  May  13.  1734.  in 
Albany,  N.Y.  He  was  made  a  colonel  of  mili- 
tia early  in  the  revolution  ;  and  in  1778  be- 
came brigadier-general  of  militia.  He  was 
mavor  of   Albany   in   1779-83;   a   member  of 


the  state  senate  in  1780-83  ;  and  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  in  1781-84.  He  died 
Jan.  19,  1810,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Tennent,  Gilbert,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1703  in  Ireland.  He  was  a  presbyte- 
rian  clergyman  of  Philadelphia.  He  was 
the  author  of  Discourses  on  Several  Sub- 
jects. .  He  died  July  23,  1764,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Tennent,  Wi-.iam,  clergyman,  was  born 
Jan.  3,  1705,  in  Ireland.  In  1733  he  was 
ordained  at  Freehold,  N.J.,  as  successor  to 
his"  brother,  John,  and  was  pastor  there 
forty-four  years.  He  died  INlarch  8,  1777, 
in  Freehold,  N.J. 

Tenet,  John  Kinley,  banker,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  25,  1863,  in  Ireland. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  and  high 
schools  of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  In  1885-90  he 
played  professional  baseball;  and  since  1891 
lias  been  in  the  banking  business  at  Charle- 
roi.  Pa.  In  1909-11  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  sixty-first  con- 
gress as  a  republican. 

Ten  Eyck,  Abraham  S.,  naval  oflticer,  was 
born  in  1785,  in  New  Jersey.  He  was  in- 
cluded in  the  vote  of  thanks  and  received  a 
silver  medal  from  congress  in  1813  for  the 
victory  over  the  Frolic.  He  was  promoted 
master-commandant  in  1837  and  was  com- 
missioned captain  in  1843.  He  died  March 
28.   1S44.  in  New  Brunswick,  N.J. 

Ten  Eyck,  Anthony,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  in  1810  in  Watertovvn,  N.Y.  In  IS4I 
he  was  appointed  a  commissioner  to  Ha- 
waii. He  has  filled  several  offices  in  De- 
troit, ^lich.;  and  in  1843-40  was  clerk  of 
the  chancery  court  of  Michigan.  In  1861  he 
was  commissioned  major  and  paymaster  of 
volunteers;  and  in  1865  was  mustered  out 
of  volunteer  service.  He  died  Oct.  5,  1867, 
in  Connecticut. 

Ten  Eyck,  Egbert,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  April  18, 
1779,  in  Rensselaer  county,  N.Y.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  assembly  in  1812- 
13,  and  speaker.  In  1823-27  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  Y'ork  to  the  eigh- 
teenth and  nineteenth  congresses.  He  also 
held  the  offices  of  judge  of  the  Jefferson 
county  court;  and  president  of  a  county 
agricultural  society.  He  died  April  11, 
1844.  in  Watertown.  N.Y. 

Ten  Eyck,  Henry  James,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  -Inly  25,  1856,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  contributor  to  the  Century 
and  the  Popular  Science  Monthly.  He  was 
the  author  of  an  article  on  Some  Tenden- 
cies in  Taxation.  He  died  Nov.  29,  1887,  in 
Albany,  N.Y. 

Ten  Eyck,  John  Conover,  lawyer.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  March  21,  1814,  in 
Freehold,  N.J.  In  1839-49  he  was  prosecu- 
tor of  the  pleas  for  Burlington  county.  N.J. 
in  1859-65  he  was  United  States  Senator. 
He  died  Aug.  24.  1879.  in  Mount  Holly, 
N.J. 

Ten  Eyck,  Peter  Gansevoort,  statesman, 
was   born  Nov.  7,   1873,  in  Bethlehem,  N.Y. 


HERRIXGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


427 


He  was  educated  at  the  Albany  academy 
and  at  the  Rensselaer  polytechnic' institute. 
Jn  189(i-l!)0;i  he  was  witli  the  N.Y.C.  and 
H.R.i'i.H..  from  batteiyman  to  signal  engi- 
neer, organizing  the  signal  standards  for  the 
system ;  and  later  became  vice-president  and 
general  manager  of  the  Federal  railway  sig- 
nal company.  He  is  a  member  of  the  signal 
corps  of  the  New  York  national  guard;  and 
is  a  member  of  the  railway  signal  associa- 
tion of  New  York  and  various  other  asso- 
ciations. He  is  now  a  member  of  congress 
from  the  twenty-eighth  district  of  New  York 
for  tlie  term  of   19l:M.). 

Tenney,  Mrs.  Abby  Amy  Gove,  littera- 
teur, author.  She  is  the  author  of  Pictures 
and  Stories  of  Animals  for  the  Little  Ones 
at  Home;  and  a  New  Game  of  Natural  His- 
tory. 

Tenney,  Asa  Wentworth,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  l>orn  .May  20,  1833,  in  Dalton,  N.H.  He 
was  one  of  a  band  of  volunteer  citizens  that 
defended  the  house  of  Mayor  I'pdyke  dur- 
ing the  draft  riots;  and  in  1807  he  was  se- 
lected by  Horace  Greeley  to  aid  the  repub- 
licans of  Georgia  in  their  eflorts  to  reor- 
ganize the  party.  He  was  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  eastern  district  of  Xew 
York  in  1873-85.  He  was  appointed  United 
States  district  .judge  for  the  eastern  dis- 
trict of  Xew  York  in  1807.  He  died  Dec. 
10.   1S!)7.  ill  Brooklyn.  X.Y. 

Tenney,  Charles  Henry,  mercliant.  was 
born  July  9,  1842,  in  Salem,  X.H.  While 
owning  an  interest;  in  the  hat  industry,  he 

is    pre-  eminently    a 

^^  <     commission  merchant ; 

^'^^^S^  and    in    this    capacity 

r  ^  he  now  represents  up- 

I  ^^    M  ward     of     forty     hat 

•^^  ^CS.  ^  manufacturing      c  o  n- 

cerns.  among  them  the 

largest     not     only     in 

the  United  States  but 

V  in  the  \vor]<l.     Promi- 

\  >         ,  ■^''^.  nent    in    the    town  *of 

^^^  "  ■^-.-^'^      .Methuen,    N.Y.,    is    a 

wK'^  shaft    in    granite    and 

bronze,  creeled  liy  him 
at  a  cost  of  twenty  thou.sand  dollars,  to 
commemorate  the  memory  of  the  men  of 
Metliuen  who  fell  on  .southern  battlefields. 

Tenney,  Edward  Payson,  clergyman,  col- 
h'gi-  pn^idi'iil,  author,  was  born  Sept.  29, 
183.5,  in  Concord,  X.H.  He  is  a  congrega- 
tional clergyman  of  Xew  England;  and 
presi<lent  of  Colorado  college  for  eight  years. 
He  is  the  author  of  Agameiitiriis;  Con- 
stance of  Acadia;  The  Silent  House;  Coro- 
nation ;  The  Xew  West ;  Colorado  and  the 
Xew  West;  Our  Elder  Hrotbcr;  and  Con- 
trasts in  Social  Progress. 

Tenney,  H.  A.,  genealogist,  airthor,  was 
l>oni  I'fl).  22.  1S20.  on  (Jrand  Island.  Lake 
Champlain,  Vt.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Tenney  <ienealogy. 

Tenney,  Daniel  K.,  journalist,  lawyer, 
banker,   was   born   Dec.   31,    IS.'U.    in    IMatts- 


burg,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools ;  and  at 
the  university  of  Wis- 
consin. He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the 
Athen;ieum  society.  He 
was  employed  on  the 
State  Journal  at 
Madison,  ^^'is.  In  1855 
he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law; 
and  practiced  his  pro- 
fession at  JNIadison, 
Wis.  In  1858  he  be- 
came president  of  the 
Sauk  Cit)'  bank;  and  was  an  alderman  of 
Madi.son.  Wis.  In  18G7  he  was  appointed 
on  a  committee  to  codify,  revise  and  sim- 
plify the  laws  relating  to  the  assessment 
and  collection  of  taxes.  In  1870  he  moved 
to  Chicago,  111.;  and  there  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  ]nof('ssion. 

Tenney,  John  Searle,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1841  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  ;Maine;  and  in  1855-62  he 
was  chief  justice. 

Tenney,  Samuel,  soldier,  physician,  law- 
yer, jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Xov.  27, 
1748,  in  Bj'field,  ilass.  He  was  present  at 
the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  where  he  was  em- 
ployed in  attending  upon  the  wounded.  He 
was  attached  to  the  Rhode  Island  line  of 
the  provincial  army ;  and  served  during  the 
whole  war.  For  many  vears  he  was  judge 
of  probate  in  Exeter,  X.H.  In  1799-1807  he 
was  a  representative  from  Xew  Hampshire 
to  the  sixth,  .seventh,  eighth  and  ninth  con- 
gresses. He  died  Feb.  0,  1816,  in  Exeter, 
X.H. 

Tenney,  Sanborn,  naturalist,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  13,  1827,  in  Stoddard,  X.H.  He 
vvas  professor  of  natural  history  at  Wil- 
liams college  in  18GG-77.  He  was  author  of 
Elements  of  Zoology;  Manual  of  Zoology; 
and  (Jeology  for  Tcacliers.  He  died  July  9, 
1877.  in  Buchanan.   Micii. 

Tenney,  Mrs.  Sarah  Brownson,  author, 
v.as  born  Juni>  7,  1839,  in  Chelsea,  Mass. 
She  was  the  author  of  Marion  Elwood.  or 
How  C;irls  Live;  .\t  Anchor;  and  Life  of 
Demetrius  (iallitzin.  Prince  and  Priest.  She 
died  Oct.  30,  187(i.  in  Elizabeth,  N.J. 

Tenney,  Mrs.  Tabitha  Oilman,  author, 
iitteialciir.  was  Ikhii  in  17(12  in  Ivxetei'.  X. 
H.  She  was  the  autlior  of  Female  (i>nixo- 
tisin,  a  satirical  novel ;  and  compiled  The 
Xew  Pleasing  Instructor,  a  volume  of  .selec- 
lions.  She  died  Mav  2,  1837,  in  E.xetcr, 
X.H. 

Tenney,  Ulysses  Dow,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  .\itril  8.  182(1.  in  Hanover.  N.H.  He 
has  painted  portraits  of  President  Franklin 
Pierce.  Professor  Benjamin  Silliman,  Sccre- 
tarv  Long;  and  other  Xew  l-!ng!aiid  nota- 
bles. 

Tenney,  William  Jewett,  author,  was 
born  in  1814  in  Newport,  R.I.  For  two 
years  he  was  presiding  judge  of  one  of  the 


428 


HBRRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


criminal  courts  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  edit- 
ed Appleton's  Annual  Cyclopedia  in  1861- 
82;  was  the  author  of  Military  and  Naval 
History  of  the  Rebellion.  He  died  Sept.  20, 
1883,  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Tennis,  Edgar  A.,  business  man,  railroad 
constructor,  .  was  born  Oct.  23,  1856,  in 
Thorapsontown,  Pa.  For  ten  years  he  was 
engaged  in  the  grain,  coal  and  lumber 
trade;  has  been  president  of  the  Tennis  con- 
struction company;  and  has  held  similar 
olficcs  in  various  corporations. 

Terhune,  Albert  Payson,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  21,  1872,  in  Newark, 
N.J.  Since  1895  he  has  been  on  the  edito- 
rial staff  of  the  New  York  Evening  World. 
He  is  the  author  of  Syria  from  the  Saddle, 
a  volume  of  travels;  Columbia  Stories,  a 
collection  of  sketches;  The  Great  Cedar- 
hurst  Mystery;  and  A  Galahad  of  Park 
Kow.  He  is  co-author  with  his  mother, 
Marion  Harland,  of  Dr.  Dale,  a  novel. 

Terhune,  Mrs.  Anice,  composer,  author, 
was  born  in  Hampden,  Mass.  She  has  com- 
posed over  fifty  songs.  She  is  the  author 
of  Home  Musical  Education  for  Children; 
and  is  the  composer  of  the  comic  opera 
Hero  Nero. 

Terhune,  Edward  Payson,  clergyman,  was 
born  about  1825  in  New  Brunswick,  N.J. 
In  1859  he  removed  to  Newark,  N.  J. ;  and 
there  took  charge  of  the  first  reformed 
church.  In  1876-77  he  was  the  American 
chaplain  at  Rome,  Italy.  In  1879-84  he  was 
pastor  of  a  congregational  church  in 
Springfield,  Mass.;  and  in  1884  he  took 
cliarge  of  a  reformed  church  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  He  died  May  25,  1907,  in  New  York 
City. 

Terhune,  Mrs.  Mary  Virginia,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  21,  1S31,  in  Amelia  county,  Va. 
She  is  a  popular  novelist,  lecturer,  and 
writer  on  domestic  topics ;  and  tlie  wife  of 
a  clergyman  of  the  Dutch  reformed  church 
of  New  York  City.  For  many  years  she 
has  been  a  regular  contributor  to  the  Chi- 
cago Daily  News  under  the  nom  de  plume 
of  Marion  Harland.  Her  work  in  fiction 
includes.  Alone;  Moss-Side;  Beechdale; 
Judith ;  The  Hidden  Path ;  Handicapped ; 
Nemesis;  At  Last;  Helen  Gardner's  Wed- 
ding-Day; Jessamine;  With  the  Best  In- 
tentions; True  as  Steel;  Sunnj'bank ;  From 
Mv  Youth  Up;  My  Little  Love;  A  Gallant 
Fight;  The  Royal  Road;  His  Great  Self; 
Mr.  Wayt's  Wife's  Sister;  Eve's  Daughters; 
and  Marion.  Other  works  of  hers  are. 
Common  Sense  in  the  Household,  a  widely 
known  maniuvl  of  housewifery;  Common 
Sense  in  the  Nursery;  The  Cottage  Kitchen; 
The  Dinner  Year-Book ;  Breakfast,  Lunch- 
eon, and  Tea  ;  The  Story  of  Mary  ^^'ashing- 
ton ;  and  Loitering  in  Pleasant  Paths. 

Terral,  John  H.  D.,  clergyman,  mission- 
ary, founder,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1858,  in 
Balding,  Miss.  He  received  liis  education  in 
the  Summerviile  instiiute  of  (iholsoii,  Miss.; 
was  mayor  of  Spanish  Fork,  Texas,  in  1885; 
and  since  that  time  has  been  a  missionary. 


and  identified  with  the  niethodist  episcopal 
church  south.  He  founded  the  town  of  Ter- 
ral, I.T.,  where  he  is  also  a  successful  mer- 
chant, and  prominent  in  public  affairs. 

Terral,  Samuel  Heidelberg,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Feb.  4,  1835,  in  Jasper  coun- 
ty. Miss.  In  1882-97  he  was  circuit  judge 
of  Mississippi;  and  in  1897  became  asso- 
ciate judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Mississippi.  He  died  in  1903  in  Mississippi. 
Terrell,  Edwin  Holland,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
capitalist,  was  born  Nov.  21,  1848,  in  Brook- 
ville,  Ind.  In  1871  he  graduated  from  De 
Pauw  university;  in  1873  graduated  from 
Harvard  university ;  and  studied  in  Europe 
in  1873-74.  In  1874-77  he  practiced  law  in 
Indianapolis,  Ind. ;  and  since  then  has  at- 
tained success  in  that  profession  in  San 
Antonio,  Texas.  In  1880  and  1888  he  was  a 
delegate  to  the  republican  national  conven- 
tions. In  1889-93  he  was  United  States 
minister  to  Belgium;  has  been  plenipoten- 
tiary to  several  important  conferences;  and 
in  1892  was  vice-president  of  international 
monetary  conference  at  Brussels.  In  1894- 
1900  he  was  a  member  of  the  republican 
state  executive  committee  of  Texas;  and 
since  1901  has  been  president  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  Carnegie  library  at  San  An- 
tonio, Texas. 

Terrell,  Joseph  Meriwether,  lawyer,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  June  6,  1861,  in  Greenville, 
Ga.  In  1882  he  was  admitted  to  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  and  for  many  years  was  a 
member  of  the  Georgia  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives and  senate.  In  1892-1900  he  was 
attorney-general  of  Georgia;  and  in  1902-06 
was  governor  of  the  state  of  Georgia. 

Terrell,  WilUam,  agriculturist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  philanthropist,  was 
born  in  1778  in  Fairfax  county,  Va.  He 
was  frequently  a  member  of  the  Georgia 
legislature;  and  in  1817-21  he  was  a  rep- 
lesentative  from  Georgia  to  the  fifteenth 
and  sixteenth  congresses.  In  1853  he  made 
a  donation  of  twenty  thousand  dollars 
for  the  establishment  of  an  agricultural 
professorship  in  the  university  of  Georgia, 
which  professorship  bears  his  name.  He 
(lied  July  4,  1855,  in  Sparta,  Ga. 

Terres,  John  B.,  phvsician,  surgeon,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  Sept.  25,  1847.  in  Char- 
lotte, N.C.  He  received  a  thorough  educa- 
tion in  the  private 
schools  of  his  native 
state;  and  in  1866 
graduated  from  the 
Richmond  medical  col- 
lege with  the  degree 
of  M.D.  He  attained 
success  in  his  pro- 
fession in  the  state 
of  New  York.  I  n 
1882-1904  he  was 
Ignited  States  vice- 
consul-general;  and  in 
1904  was  appointed 
American    consul    from    the    state    of    New 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


429 


York.    He  is  now  United  States  consul  to 
Port  au  Prince,  Haiti. 

Terrill,  William  Rufus,  soldier,  was  born 
April  21,  1834,  in  Covington,  Va.  He  was 
appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
in  1862;  and  was  killed  in  the  battle  of 
Perryville  in  the  same  year.  He  died  Oct. 
8,   1802,  near  Perryville,' Ky. 

Terry,  Adrian  Russell,  educator,  physi- 
cian, author,  was  born  Sept.  29,  1808,  in 
Hartford,  Conn.  He  was  for  some  years 
professor  in  Bristol  college,  Pa.  He  was 
the  author  of  Travels  in  the  Equatorial 
Regions  of  8outh  America  in  1832.  He  died 
Dec.  3,  1864,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Terry,  Alfred  Howe,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Nov.  10,  1827,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  He 
served  through  the  civil  war;  and  was  pro- 
moted to  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in 
1862.  He  was  general  in  command  at  tlie 
battle  of  Fort  Fisher  in  1865.  He  died  Dec. 
16,  18i»0,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Terry,  Benjamin  Stites,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  9,  1857,  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
Since  1892  he  has  been  professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  the  university  of  Chicago.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  History  of  England  from 
Earliest  Times  to  Death  of  Victoria;  and 
a    History    of    lOngland    for    Schools. 

Terry,  Charles  Thaddeus,  educator,  law- 
yer, was  born  Sept.  6,  1867,  in  Albany,  N. 
Y.     He    graduated    from    Williams    college 

and  the  Columbia  law 
school;  and  studied 
in  the  university  of 
Berlin.  In  1893  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
practice  of  law.  In 
1893-95  he  was  a  prize 
lecturer  on  equity 
and  code  pleading  and 
practice;  in  1897- 
1902  was  a  lecturer; 
and  since  1902  lie  has 
been  professor  of  law 
Columbia  law  school. 
In  190.')  he  was  commissioner  for  the  state 
of  New  York  to  the  national  convention  of 
commissioners  of  the  states  of  tlie  union 
on  union  state  laws. 

Terry,  David  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
in  March,  1823,  in  Todd  county,  Ky.  He 
served  in  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars.  In 
1855-57  he  was  justice  of  the  California 
supreme  court;  and  in  1857  became  chief 
justice  of  the  state.  He  became  a  famous 
lawj'er  of  Stockton,  Cal.  He  died  Aug.  14, 
1889,  in  Stockton,  Cal. 

Terry,  Eli,  clock-maker,  was  born  April 
13,  1772,  in  East  Windsor,  Conn.  In  1792 
he  made  his  lirst  wooden  clock,  wliich  is 
still  preserved  in  the  family,  and  is  on«' 
of  tlie  lirst  that  was  made  in  tiiis  coun- 
try. A  year  later  he  settled  in  Plymoiith, 
Conn.,  and  tliere  began  the  manufacture  of 
wooden  and  brass  clocks.  He  died  Feb.  24, 
1852,  in  Terryville,  Conn. 

Terry,  Henry  Dwight,  soldier,  was  born 
March    16,    1812,     in    Hartford,     Conn.     Hew 


laised  the  fifth  Michigan  infantry,  of  which 
he  was  appointed  colonel;  and  the  regi- 
ment was  mustered  into  service  and  or- 
dered to  the  army  of  the  Potomac.  He  soon 
gained  the  command  of  a  brigade,  and  in 
1862  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  in  June,  1869,  in  Wash^ 
ington,   D.C. 

Terry,  Henry  Taylor,  educator,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1847,  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.  In  1878  he  became  professor 
of  law  in  the  Imperial  university  of  Tokio, 
Japan.  He  is  the  author  of  First  Principles 
of  Law;  Leading  Principles  of  Anglo-Amer- 
ican Law;   and  The  Common  Law. 

Terry,  John  Orville,  farmer,  educator, 
poet,  was  born  Aug.  13,  1796,  in  Orient,  N. 
Y.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Poems  of  J. 
0.  T.,  consisting  of  Song,  Satire,  and  Pas- 
toral Descriptions.  He  died  April  7,  1869, 
in   (ii'eenport,  N.Y. 

Terry,  Luther,  litterateur,  painter,  was 
born  July  18,  1813,  in  Enfield,  Conn.  In 
1839  he  went  to  Rome,  where  he  has  since 
resided.  The  first  important  work  from 
his  easel  was  one  that  had  for  its  subject 
Clirist  Disputing  with  the  Doctors  in  the 
Temple,  which  is  now  in  the  Wadsworth 
athenaeum  of  Hartford,  Conn.  Other  paint- 
ings by  Mr.  Terry  are  The  Loves  of  the 
Angels,  from  Byron's  Heaven  and  Earth; 
Columbus  before  Ferdinand  and  Isabella; 
and  Jacob's  Dream,  several  times  repeated. 
Terry,  Milton  Spenser,  educator,  clergy- 
man, autlior,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1840,  in  Al- 
bany county,  N.Y.  He  is  a  methodist  cler- 
gyman and  educator; 
in  1862-84  was  pastor 
in  New  Y''ork;  and 
since  1885  a  professor 
in  Garrett  Biblical  in- 
stitute of  Evanston, 
111.  He  is  the  author 
of  Commentary  on 
Genesis,  Exodus, 
Judges,  Ruth  and 
Samuel,  Kings,  Chron- 
icles, Ezra,  Nehemiah 
and  P]sthcr;  Biblical 
Hermeneutics ;  The 
Song  of  Songs;  Prophecies  of  Daniel  Ex- 
l)oiiii(lc(l:  Rambles  in  the  Old  World;  and 
iiibiical  Dogmatics. 

Terry,  Nathaniel,  congressman,  was  born 
ill  17S(i  in  Kntield,  Conn.  He  resided  in 
Hartford,  Conn.;  and  held  various  otHces 
in  his  native  state.  In  1817-19  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fifteenth  congress.  He 
(lied  June  14,  1844,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Terry,  Silas  Wright,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Dec.  2S,  1842,  in  Kentucky.  During 
th<'  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant commander.  In  1900  he  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  rear-admiral  in  the 
I'liited  States  navy.  He  died  Feb.  9.  1911, 
in    Washington.   D.C. 

Terry,  Stephen,   lawyer,  genealogist,  was 
born  June   13,  1842,  in  Terryville,  Conn.    He 
as   a   noted   lawyer  of  New   England.    He 


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was  the  author  of  Genealogy  of  the  Terry 
Family.  He  d=ed  April  23,  1899,  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn. 

Terry,  Theodore  Brainard,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Jan.  2,  1843,  in 
Lafayette,  N.Y.  He  bought  a  poor  farm  in 
1870;  made  great  success  of  it;  and  for 
twenty  years  has  been  in  great  demand 
as  a  lecturer  at  farmers'  institutes.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  B  C  of  Potato  Culture;  and 
ABC  of  Strawberry  Culture ;  and  Our 
Farming. 

Terry,  Will  Albert,  railway  otticial,  was 
born  March  20,  1864.  '  He  entered  railway 
service  in  1879  as  a  telegraph  operator  with 
the  Canada  Soutliern  railway;  and  has  since 
been  associated  in  different  capacities  with 
the  Fort  Wayne  and  Jackson  road,  the 
Wheeling  and  juake  Erie  road,  the  Pitts- 
burgh and  Western  road,  the  Cincinnati, 
Hamilton  and  Dayton  railway,  and  the 
Pittsburgh  and  Lake  Erie  road,  bmce  1910 
he  has  been  assistant  freight  traffic  man- 
ager of  the  New  York  Central  lines  west  of 
Buffalo. 

Terry,  William,  soldier,  journalist,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  14,  1824,'  in 
Amherst  county,  Va.  He  served  in  the  con- 
federate army;  and  became  a  general.  In 
1871-73  and  1875-77  he  was  a  representative 
from  Virginia  to  the  forty-second  and  for- 
ty-fourth congresses.  He  died  Sept.  5,  1888, 
near  Wytheville,  Va. 

Terry,  William  Leake,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1850,  in 
Anson  county,  N.C.  In  1877  he  was  elected 
to  the  city  council  of  Little  Rock,  Ark.; 
was  electetl  to  the  state  senate  in  1878; 
and  was  elected  president  of  the  senate  at 
the  close  of  the  session  in  1879.  He  served 
eiglit  terms  as  city  attorney  of  Little  Rock. 
In  1891-1901  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
hfty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty-fourth,  fifty- 
fifth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. 

Terry,  William  Richard,  soldier,  state 
senator,  was  born  iMarch  12,  1827,  in  Lib- 
erty, Va.  At  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war 
he  entered  the  confederate  service  as  cap- 
tain of  Virginia  cavalry;  and  was  soon  pro- 
moted and  given  command  of  the  twenty- 
fourtii  \'iiginia  i-cgimi-nt.  In  1864  he  was 
made  brigadier-general.  After  the  civil 
war  he  served  as  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
senate  for  eight  years;  and  for  some  time 
was  superintendent  of  the  penitentiary  in 
Richmond.  He  then  became  superintendent 
of  the  Lee  Caaip  Soldiers'  home  in  Rich- 
mond. He  died  March  28,  1897,  in  Chester- 
field county,  Va, 

Terwilliger,  Lorenzo,  manufacturer,  de- 
signer, was  born  Sei)t,  2,  1847,  in  High 
Fsills,  N.Y.  In  1869  he  entered  the  employ 
of  tlie  National  wood  manufacturing  com- 
])any ;  and  soon  after  became  a  stockliold- 
er  and  director.  He  is  a  manufacturer  and 
designer  of  some  of  the  finest  jianpiet  fioors. 

Te  schema  Cher,  James  Englebert,  mer- 
cliant,  scientist,  author,  was   born  June   11, 


1790,  in  England.  He  was  the  author  of 
Concise  Application  of  the  Principles  of 
Structural  Botany  to  Horticulture;  Essay 
on  (iuano;  and  a  translation  of  Julius  A. 
Stockliardt's  Chemical  Field  Lectures.  He 
(lied  Nov.  9,  1853,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Tesla,  Nikola,  electrician,  was  born  in 
1857  in  Servia.  He  worked  with  Edison  at 
IMenlo  Park;  and  then  entered  into  a  com- 
pany to  put  his  own  inventions  on  the  mar- 
ket. He  is  the  inventor  of  the  mechanical 
and  electrical  oscillator.  His  most  import- 
ant invention  is  the  rotating  magnetic  field, 
which  is  the  basic  principle  involveu  in  the 
transmission  of  power  by  alternating  cur- 
rents, as  now  practiced  all  over  the  world. 

Tessier,  Eugenie,  musician,  singer,  was 
born  May  30,  1871,  in  Canada.  In  1891  she 
was  engaged  as  a  church  soloist.  She  is  a 
talented  pianist  and  linguist.  She  has  given 
concerts    in   Montreal   and   other   cities. 

Test,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  congressman, 
was  born  in  balera,  N.J.  In  1823-27  and 
1829-31  he  was  a  representative  from  In- 
diana to  the  eighteenth,  nineteenth  and 
twenty-first  congresses.  He  was  presiding 
judge  of  one  or  the  circuit  courts  of  In- 
diana. He  died  Oct.  9,  1849,  near  Cambridge 
City,  Ind. 

Tetlow,  John,  educator,  author,  was  born 
April  1,  1843,  in  Providence,  R.I.  He  be- 
came headmaster  of  the  Boston  girls'  Latin 
schools;  and  was  president  of  the  New  Eng- 
land association  of  colleges  and  preparatory 
schools.  He  is  the  author  of  Inductive  Latin 
Lessons. 

Teuffer,  Mrs.  Blanche  Willis,  litterateur, 
autlior,  was  born  in  1847  in  Maine.  From 
1875  she  lived  in  Stuttgart,  Germany.  She 
was  the  author  of  One  Summer;  Aulnay 
Tower;  Aunt  Serena;  Guenn;  The  Open 
Uoor;  No  Heroes,  a  Story  for  Boys;  A  Fel- 
lowe  and  His  Wife;  Seven  on  the  High- 
way, short  stories;  and  One  Y^ear  Abroad; 
European  Travel  Sketches,  She  died  in  1892 
in   German}\ 

Tevis,  Washington  Carroll,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1849  he  graduated 
from  the  United  States  military  academy. 
In  1849  he  was  brevetted  second  lieutenant; 
and  was  regularly  promoted  to  colonel.  In 
1865  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.    He  died  Sept.  29,   1!)00. 

Tew,  George  Washington,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Rhode  Island.  In  1861  he  was  ma- 
jor in  the  fourth  regiment  Rhode  Island 
infantry;  and  in  1865  wa.  brevetted  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers.  'Je  died  Nov. 
8,  1884, 

Thach,  Charles  Coleman,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  in  1860  in  Athens, 
Ahi.  In  1877  he  graduated  witli  the  de- 
gree of  B.E.  from  the  Alabama  polytechnic 
institute;  in  1880-81  was  a  student  in  the 
Johns  Hopkins  university  of  Baltimore.  Md.; 
and  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  and  LL.D. 
from  the  university  of  Alabama.  Since 
1885  he  has  been  professor  of  English  and 
since   1902  president  of  the  Alabama  poly- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


431 


tocliiiic  iiistitiite  of  Auburn,  Ala.  He  is  a 
nu'iiiber  of  the  Alabama  text-book  commis- 
sion; and  is  also  a  member  of  the  Alabama 
Rhodes    seliolarship    commission. 

Thacher,  Edwin,  civil  engineer,  contractor, 
was  born  Oct.  12,  1840,  in  Dekalb,  N.Y.  He 
is  a  consulting  engineer  for  bridges;  and 
is  a  bridge  contractor.  He  has  invented  and 
patented  the  Thacher  cylindrical  slide  rule; 
the  improved  duplex  slide  rule;  steel  bridge 
trusses;  and  a  system  for  concrete  steel 
lioors. 

Thacher,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  April  12, 
1754,  in  Yarmouth,  Maine.  In  1787-88  he 
was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  tlie 
continental  congress;  and  in  1789-1801  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to 
tlie  first,  second,  third,  fourth,  fifth  and 
sixth  congresses.  In  1792-1800  he  was  a 
di.strict  judge  in  Maine;  and  in  1801-24  was 
a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Massachu- 
setts. He  died  April  (i,  1824,  in  Biddeford, 
Maine. 

Thacher,  James,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  14.  17-34.  in  Barnstable,  ^lass. 
He  was  a  physician  of  Plymouth,  Mass.; 
and  prominent  in  his  youth  as  a  military 
surgeon  in  the  battles  of  the  American 
revolution.  He  was  the  author  of  Amer- 
ican Medical  Biography;  History  of  Ply- 
mouth; Essay  on  Demonology;  American 
New  Dispensatory;  Observations  on  Hy- 
drophobia; A 'Military  .Journal  During  the 
.American  Revolution,  a  work  of  great  val- 
ue; The  Management  of  Bees;  American 
Orchardist;  and  Observations  Relating  to 
the  Kxecution  of  Major  Andre.  He  died 
.May   2(1,    1S44.   in    Plyniouth,  Mass. 

Thacher,  John  Boyd,  state  senator,  bib- 
liographer, author,  was  born  Sept.  11,  1847, 
in  Ballston.  X.Y.  He  is  a  critical  scholar 
and  bibliographer  of  Albany;  state  senator 
in  ISS4  ;  and  mayor  of  Albany  in  1886-88  and 
in  1897.  He  is  the  author  of  Charlecote,  a 
drama;  The  Continent  of  America,  its  Dis- 
cov(>ry  and  its  Baptism;  Little  Speeches; 
'J'lie  Cabotian  Discovery;  and  Outlines  of 
the   Ficiicli   Revolution  Told  in  Autographs. 

Thacher,  John  Marshall,  soldier,  lawyer, 
commissioner  of  j)atents,  was  born  July  1, 
18;{(').  ill  I'arre,  \'t.  He  served  as  a  Aolun- 
iiiotion  to  the  rank  of  commissioner  in  1874. 
lie  was  appointed  assistant  examiner  in 
the  patent  odice;  and  rose  by  regular  pro- 
motion to  tiie  rank  of  commissioner  in  1874, 

Thacher,  Oxenbridge,  lawyer,  author,  was 
ijorn  in  1720  in  Milton.  Ma.ss.  He  was  ac- 
tive in  opposition  to  the  English  govern- 
ment during  the  early  stages  of  tiie  rev- 
olution, being  at  that  time  one  of  the  four 
representatives  of  ]?oston  in  the  general 
court.  He  was  the  author  of  C^onsiderations 
upon  Reducing  the  Value  of  the  Gold  Coins 
AN'ithin  the  Province;  and  SentiiiK'nts  of 
a  l>ritish-Aiiieri<an,  occasioned  by  an  Act 
to  Lay  Certain  Duties  in  tlie  British  Colo- 
nies and  Plantations.  He  died  July  8,  170.'). 
in    Boston,   Mass. 


Thacher,  Peter,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1G51  in  Salem,  Mass.  He  was  pas- 
tor of  the  church  in  Milton  in  1681-1725. 
He  was  the  author  of  Unbelief  Detected 
and  Condemned,  to  which  is  added  the 
Treasures  of  the  Fathers  Inheritable  by 
their  Posterity;  Election  Sermon;  Christ's 
Forgiveness  a  Pattern;  A  Sermon;  A  Ser- 
mon on  the  Death  of  Samuel  Man;  A  Di- 
vine Riddle,  He  that  is  Weak  is  Strong; 
and  The  Perpetual  Covenant.  He  died  Dec. 
17,  1725,  in  5lilton,  Mass. 

Thacher,  Peter,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  March  21,  1752,  in  Milton,  Mass.  In 
1785-1802  he  was  pastor  of  the  Brattle 
street  church  of  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1785- 
1802.  He  was  the  author  of  a  Narrative 
of  the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  He  died  Dec. 
16.  1802.  ill  Savannah,  Ga. 

Thacher,  bamuel,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  July  1,  1776,  in 
Cambridge,  Mass.  In  1801-05  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Massachusetts  to  the  sev- 
enth and  eighth  congresses;  and  served 
eleven  years  in  the  Massachusetts  legisla- 
ture. He  was  sheriil"  of  Lincoln  county  in 
1814-21.  He  died  July  19,  1872,  in  Bangor, 
Maine. 

Thacher,  Samuel  Cooper,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  14,  1785,  in  Boston, 
^lass.  He  was  pastor  of  the  New  South 
church  in  1811-15.  He  was  the  author  of 
An  Apology  for  Rational  and  Evangelical 
Christianity;  The  Unity  of  God;  Sermons; 
and  Evidences  Necessary  to  Establish  the 
Doctrine  of  the  Trinity.  He  died  Jan.  2, 
1818.  in  France. 

Thacher,  Sherman  Day,  educator,  lawyer, 
founder,  was  born  Nov.  6,  1861,  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.  He  received  the  degree  of 
A.B.  from  Yale  college  and  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  from  Yale  law  school.  In  1889  he 
established  the  Thacher  school  in  Nord- 
holl",  Cal.;  and  is  president  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  Nordhoff  union  high 
school.  He  is  a  member  of  the  national 
committee  on  mental  hygiene;  president  of 
the  Boyd  club;  and  a  member  of  various 
clubs  and  societies. 

Thacher,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  May  1,  1620,  in  England.  He  was  a 
Puritan  clergynian,  and  in  1644-60  pastor 
and  piiysiciaii  at  Weymouth,  !Mass;  and 
pastor  of  the  Old  South  church  in  Boston 
from  1666.  He  was  the  author  of  A  lirief 
Rule  to  (iiiide  the  Common  People  of  New 
I'^iigland  How  to  Order  Themselves  and 
Theirs  in  the  Small  Pocks  or  Measels.  sup- 
posed to  be  the  first  medical  work  publish- 
ed in  New  England.  H.-  died  Oct.  15,  1678, 
in   Boston,  Mass. 

Thacher,  Thomas  Antony,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  11.  1815.  in  Hartford, 
Conn.  He  assisted  in  the  compilation  of 
Webster's  dictionary;  and  edited  many 
classical  works.  He  died  April  7,  1886,  in 
New    Ihneii,   Conn. 

Thacher,  Thomas  C,  congressman,  was 
born    July    20,    1858,    in    Y'annouth,    ilass. 


432 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


For  twenty-six  years  he  was  engaged  in  the 
wool  business.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts  to  the  sixty- 
third  congress. 

Tharin,  Robert  Seymour  Symmes,  lec- 
turer, lawyer,  author,  was  born  Jan.  10, 
1830,  near  Charleston,  S.C.  He  was  a  law- 
yer of  Alabama;  was  prominent  as  a  union- 
ist during  the  civil  war;  and  has  since 
been  employed  in  several  departments  in 
Washington.  He  is  the  author  of  Arbitrary 
Arrests  in  the  South;  Letters  on  the  Polit- 
ical Situation;  and  From  Patmos  to  Jeru- 
salem. 

Thatcher,  Benjamin  Bussey,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1809,  in  War- 
ren, Maine.  He  was  the  son  of  Colonel 
Samuel  Thatcher,  a"  noted  lawyer,  and  a 
member  of  congress.  He  became  an  emi- 
nent lawyer  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  edited  a 
volume  of  Mrs.  Hemans's  Poems;  contrib- 
uted Lives  of  the  Indians  to  Harper's  Fam- 
ily Library;  and  for  their  Juvenile  Series 
a  work  called  Indian  Traits.  He  traveled 
extensively;  and  contributed  sketches  of 
his  travels  to  the  leading  journals  of 
America.  He  died  July  14,  1840,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Thatcher,  Henry  Knox,  naval  officer,  was 
born  -May  2(j,  180G,  in  Thomaston,  Maine. 
In  1823  he  was  a  midshipman;  passed 
through  all  the  grades;  and  was  appointed 
rear-admiral  in  1866.  In  1865  he  was  in 
command  at  Fort  Blakely,  Mobile.  He  died 
April  5,  1880,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Thatcher,  Joseph  Adison,  banker,  found- 
er, was  born  July  31,  1838,  in  Shelby  coun- 
ty, Kj\  In  1860  he  was  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  and  mining.  In  1874 
])e  organized  the  First  national  bank  of 
Central  City;  and  in  1880  was  made  presi- 
dent. In  1884  he  organized  the  Denver 
natiomxl  bank;   and  became  its  president. 

Thatcher,  Moses,  banker,  manufacturer, 
stock  raiser,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1842,  in  San- 
gamon county,  111.  In  1879-96  he  was  an 
apostle  in  the  mormon  church.  He  is  now 
vice-president  of  the  Deseret  national  and 
D(^8eret  savings  bank.  He  owns  a  fifty 
tliousand  acre  cattle  ranch  in  Mexico. 

Thatcher,  Oliver  Joseph,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1860  in  Wilmington,  Ohio.  He 
has  been  assistant  professor  of  mediaeval 
and  English  history  in  the  university  of 
Chicago  since  1896.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Sketcli  of  the  History  of  the  Apostolic 
Church;  Europe  in  the  Middle  Age;  and  A 
Sliort  History  of  Mediaeval  Europe. 

Thaxter,  Adam  Wallace,  dramatist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  16,  1832,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  For  seven  years  he  Avas  dramatic 
and  literary  critic  of  the  Boston  Evening 
Razette.  Among  his  plays  are  The  Sculp- 
tor; Olympia;  Mary  ,Tudor;  and  The 
Painter  of  Naples.  He  Avas  also  the  author 
of  The  Grotto  Nymph.  He  died  .Time  8, 
1864,   in  Boston,  Mass. 

Thaxter,  Mrs.  Celia  Laignton,  litterateur, 
poet,    was    born    June    24,    1836,    in    Porta- 


Aug. 


Among    the 
26,  1894,  in 


mouth,  N.H.  She  was  a  poet  Avhose  child- 
hood and  much  of 
her  later  life  was 
spent  in  the  Isles  of 
Shoals.  Her  best  po- 
ems are  The  Sand- 
piper ;  Courage ;  Kit- 
tery  Church- Yard; 
The  S  p  a  n  ia  r  ds' 
Graves;  and  The 
Watch  of  Boon  Is- 
land. Her  volumes  of 
poems  comprise  Drift- 
Weed;  The  Cruise  of 
the  Mystery;  Idyls 
and  Pastorals;  \erses;  Poems  for  Children; 
and  Poems,  Appledore  Edition.  She  wrote, 
also,  An  Island  'Garden;  and 
Isles  of  Slioals.  She  died 
Appledore.   ^Nlass. 

Thayer,  Abbott  Handerson,  artist,  was 
born  Aug.  12,  1849,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
became  an  associate  in  the  National  acad- 
emy of  design.  He  painted  chiefly  animals 
until  he  had  been  two  years  abroad.  Since 
that  time  he  has  devoted  himself  principally 
to  figure-painting.  He  has  also  essayed 
landscapes  with  success.  At  the  Paris  salon 
of  1877  he  exhibited  Le  sommeil;  and  in 
the  following  year  he  sent  a  portrait. 

Thayer,  Alexander  Wheelock,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  22,  1817,  in  South  Natick,  Mass. 
His  later  life  was  spent  abroad;  and  he 
was  consul  at  Trieste  in  l?>59-82.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  Life  of  Beethoven;  The 
Hebrew.a  and  the  Red  Sea;  and  Signior 
Masoni  and  Other  Papers,  by  the  late  I. 
Brown.  He  died  July  15,  1897,  in  Trieste, 
Austria. 

Thayer,  Amos  Madden,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1841,  in  Mina,  N. 
Y.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant and  brevet  major  in  the  United 
States  signal  corps.  In  1865  he  moved  to 
Missouri;  and  became  a  noted  lawyer  of 
St.  Louis.  In  1876  he  was  elected  judge  of 
the  circuit  court  eighth  judicial  circuit  state 
of  i\Iissouri;  and  was  re-elected  in  1882. 
He  w-as  United  States  district  judge  for 
the  eastern  district  of  Missouri  in  1887-94; 
and  in  1894-1900  was  United  States  circuit 
judge  of  the  eighth  circuit,  embracing  eleven 
states  west  of  the  Mississippi  river.  He 
died  in  1905  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Thayer,  Andrew  J.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1870-74  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
su])reme  court   of   Oregon. 

Thayer,  Charles  Snow,  educator,  libra- 
rian, clergyman,  was  born  Aug.  4,  1865,  in 
Westfield, 'iNIass.  In  1902  he  was  assistant 
pastor  in  the  Union  congregational  churcli 
of  Providence,  R.I.  Since  1902  he  has  been 
librarian  of  the  Case  memorial  library; 
and  an  instructor  of  biology  in  the  Hartford 
theological    seminary. 

Thayer,  Eli,  educator,  congressman,  au- 
thor, Avas  born  June  11.  1819,  in  "Mendon. 
Mass.  He  ^served  as  alderman  of  the  city 
of  Worcestl'r  in  1S53;   and  Avas  a  represen- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


433 


tative  in  the  ^iassachusetts  logislature  in 
i8.)3-54.  In  1857-61  he  was  a  lepicsi-ntative 
to  the  tliiity-nftli  and  thirty-sixth  con- 
gresses. He  was  the  originator  of  the  Kan- 
s;  s  crusade.  He  was  the  author  of  A  His- 
tory of  the  Kansas  Crusade,  its  Friends  and 
its  Foes.  He  died  April  15,  ISIM),  in  Wor- 
cester, -Mass. 

xhayer,  Elihu,  elergynuui,  was  born 
March  2!t,  1747,  in  Braintree,  Mass.  In 
1 776- 1812  he  was  pastor  of  the  congrega- 
tional chureli  of  Kingston,  N.H.  At  the 
organization  of  the  New  Hampsliire  mis- 
sionary society  he  was  elected  its  presi- 
dent, iiolding  office  until  1811.  He  died 
April   3.   1812,  in  Kingston,  N.H. 

Thayer,  Mrs.  Emma  Homan,  author,  art- 
ist, was  born  Feb.  13,  1S42.  in  New  York 
City.  She  is  the  autlior  of  Wild  Flowers 
of  Colorado;  Wild  Flowers  of  the  Pacific 
Coast;  and  the  novels  entitled  An  English- 
American;  Petronilla.  the  Sister;  A  Leg- 
end of  Clenwood  Sjjrings;  and  Dorothy 
Scudder's   Science. 

Thayer,  Eugene,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  Dec.  11.  1S3S.  in  Meudon,  Mass.  While 
in  Boston  he  edited  tlie  Organist's  Journal 
and  the  Cl.oir  Journal;  and  was  director  of 
the  lioston  choral  union,  the  New  England 
cnureh-inusic  association  and  other  socie- 
ties. He  has  given  organ  recitals  in  the 
United  States  and  Europe.  Since  1881  he 
has  resided  in  New  York  City,  following 
his  profession  of  an  organist  and  teacher. 

Thayer,  James  Bradley,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  15.1S31,  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 
He  was  a  professor  in  the  Harvard  law 
school  at  Cambridge.  He  was  the  autlior 
of  A  Western  Journey  with  Mr.  l^nerson; 
Cases  on  Constitutional  Law;  A  Preliminary 
Treatise  on  Evidence  at  the  Common  Law; 
Letters  of  Chauncey  Wright ;  The  Origin  and 
Scope  of  the  American  Doctrine  of  Consti- 
tutional Law;  The  Teaching  of  English 
Law  in  Universities;  Cases  on  Evidence; 
anil  The  Development  of  Trial  by  Jury.  He 
died  Feb.  15.  1002.  in  Cambridge ,"^  Mass. 

Thayer,  John  Milton,  soldier,  legislator, 
guvcrnor,    Uiiiierl    Slates    -enator.    was    born 

.'  "      ' ■"    Bellinghani,    Mass.      He 

g  r  a  d  u  a  t  e  d  from 
Brow  n  university ; 
settled  in  Nebraska  in 
1854 ;  and  was  elected 
brigadier-general  and 
then  major-general  in 
defense  of  the  frontier 
against  hostile  In- 
d  ans.  He  was  thus 
eng.iged  till  the  war 
for  the  defense  of  the 
u  n  i  o  n.  He  entered 
I  he  army  as  colonel  of 
the  lirsl  regiment  \e- 
l)raska  TTifantry;  was  commander  of  a  bri- 
gade at  Fort  Donelson  and  Sliiloh,  and  was 
niaile  a  brigadier-general  for  gallant  con- 
diut  on  those  fields.  He  led  a  storming  col- 
umn   at    ('hiekasavv    bayou;    and    his    horse 


was  shot  from  under  him  at  Arkansas  post. 
He  commanded  a  brigade  and  division 
through  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  after  which 
lie  was  made  commander  of  the  district  and 
army  of  the  frontier.  In  1867-71  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Nebraska.  In 
1875-78  he  was  governor  of  the  territory 
of  Wyoming;  and  in  1887-93  was  the  sev- 
enth governor  of  Nebraska.  He  died  March 
19,   1906,   in   Lincoln,  Neb. 

Thayer,  John  Eliot,  banker,  was  born 
April  3,  1862.  In  1885  he  graduated  from 
Harvard  college.  He  is  president  of  the 
First  national  bank  of  Clinton,  trustee  of 
the  Chicago,  ^Nilmington  and  Vermillion 
Coal  company.  Since  1898  he  has  been  chair- 
man of  the  selectmen  of  the  town  of  Lan- 
caster; and  is  one  of  the  faculty  of  the  mu- 
seum of  comparative  zoology  at  Cambridge. 

Thayer,  John  R.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  9,  1845,  in 
Douglas,  Mass.  He  served  as  councilman 
and  alderman  of  \\'orcester,  Mass.;  was  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature  t^vo  terms; 
and  was  state  senator  for  two  terms.  In 
1899-1905  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth and  fifty-eighth  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Thayer,  John  Thomas,  journalist,  inventor, 
was  born  Feb.  20.  1861.  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1888  he  learned  type  founding  and  invented 
new  type  faces.  In  1889-1903  he  was  ad- 
vertising director  of  the  Delineator;  and 
until  1907  was  a  publisher  of  Everybody's 
magazine. 

Thayer,  Joseph  Henry,  educator,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1828,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  was  a  congregational  clergy- 
man ;  and  professor  of  New  Testament 
criticism  and  interpretation  in  the  Divinity 
school  of  Harvard  university  since  1884. 
He  was  the  author  of  Books  and  Their  Use; 
The  Change  of  Attitude  Toward  the  Bible; 
and  A  Greek-English  Lexicon  on  the  New 
Testament;  and  other  works.  He  died  Nov. 
26,    1901,    in    Cambridge,    Mass. 

Thayer,  Martin  Russell,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  <Tan.  27, 
1819,  in  Petersburg,  Va.  In  1863-67  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
thirty-eighth  and  thirty-ninth  congresses.  In 
1863-74  he  was  district  judge  of  Philadel- 
phia; and  presidi'ut  judge  of  court  of  com- 
mon ])leas  (luring  1874-99.  He  is  the  author 
of  Tlie  Duties  of  Citizenship;  The  Great 
X'ictory,  its  Cost  and  Value;  The  Law  Con- 
sidered as  a  Progressive  Science;  On  Libra- 
ries; I.,ife  and  Writings  of  Francis  f^ieljcr; 
'Jhe  Battle  of  (Jermantown ;  and  The  Philip- 
pines, lie  died  in  1906  in  Pliila(leli)hia, 
Pa. 

Thayer,  Nathaniel,  eler<:yinan.  was  born 
..'uiy  II,  176'.t,  in  Hampton,  N.H.  For  near- 
ly iifty  years  he  was  pastor  of  the  Unitar- 
ian society  at  Lancaster,  Mass.  He  was 
the  author  of  Iwenfy-three  oecasi<mal  ser- 
UKins  in   1795-1S2I.      Ilr  di.<l  .hine  23.   1840, 

in      l!oelies|e|-,     NA'. 


434 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Thayer,  Nathaniel,  capitalist,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Sept.  11,  1808,  in  Lancaster, 
Mass.  He  contributed  to  a  commons  hall; 
erected  Thayer  hall  in  1870  as  a  memorial 
of  his  father  and  brother;  bore  the  ex- 
penses of  Prof.  Louis  Agassiz's  expedition 
to  South  America,  which  was  known  as  the 
Thayer  expedition;  built  a  fire-proof  lier- 
bariura  at  the  Botanic  garden ;  and  gave 
much  in  aid  of  poor  students  of  the  col- 
lege. He  died  March  7,  1883,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Thayer,  Russell,  civil  engineer,  business 
president,  was  born  Dec.  24,  1852,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1874  he  graduated  from 
the  United  States  military  academy;  and 
for  twenty-three  years  was  chief  engineer 
of  Fairmount  jjark  of  Philadelpliia.  Pa.  Ho 
is  president  of  the  Kitson  ligliting  company; 
and  is  connected  with  the  United  gas  im- 
provement company  of   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Thayer,  Simeon,  soldier,  journalist,  was 
liorn  April  30,  1737,  in  Mendon,  Mass.  In 
1775  he  was  appointed  captain  by  the  Kliodo 
Island  assembly;  and  accompanied  Benedict 
Arnold's  expedition  against  (Quebec.  He 
was  promoted  major  in  1777;  and  served 
in  the  defense  of  Red  Bank  and  at  Fort 
MilHin,  receiving  for  tlie  latter  a  sword 
from  the  Illiode  Island  assembly  in  duly. 
His  Journal  of  the  Invasion  of  Canada  in 
1775  has  been  edited  by  Edwin  M.  Stone. 
He   died   Oct.   14.   1800.  "in   Cumberland.   I'a. 

Thayer,  Stephen  Henry,  banker,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  1839  in  New  Iiiswich, 
N.H.  He  is  a  banker  of  New  York  City, 
living  at  Tarrytown,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author 
of  Songs  of  Sleepy  Hollow;  Songs  from 
Edgcwood;  and  Daugliters  of  the  KevoUi- 
tion. 

Thayer,  Sylvanus,  soldier,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  7,  1872,  in  Soutli 
I'raintree,  INlass.  He  was  a  military  en- 
gineer of  distinction;  superintendent  of 
West  Point  academy  in  1817-33;  and  in 
1830-08  in  charge  of  the  military  defenses 
of  Boston.  He  was  the  author  of  Papers 
on  Practical  Engineering.  He  died  Sept. 
7,    1872,    in   Soutli    P.raintree,   Mass. 

Thayer,  Thomas  Baldwin,  clergyman,  au- 
-thor,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1812,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  a  universal ist  clergyman  of 
Lowell.  He  was  the  author  of  Over  the 
River;  Cliristianity  vs.  Infidelitj';  Histori- 
cal Doctrine  of  Endless  Punisliment;  Bible 
Class  Assistant;  and  Tiieology  of  Universal- 
ism.  He  died  Feb.  12.  1880,  in  Roxbury, 
Mass. 

Thayer,  Wildie,  poet,  was  born  in  New 
England.  She  is  tlie  author  of  three  vol- 
lunes   of    poems. 

Thayer,  '^Villiam  Makepeace,  clergyman, 
author,  was  Ixn-n  Feb.  23.  1S20,  in  Franklin, 
JNlass.  He  was  the  author  of  Youth's  His 
tory  of  the  Rebellion;  The  Bobbin  Boy;  Tlie 
Pioneer  Boy;  The  Printer  Boy;  Tlie  Poor 
Boy  and  the  Merchant  Prince;  Turning 
I'oints    in    Successful    Careers;    Marvels    of 


the  New  West;  The  White  House  Series; 
Aim  High;  Hints  for  Young  Men;  Life  of 
Garfield;  Men  Who  Win;  and  Women  Who 
Win.  He  died  April  7,  1898,  in  Franklin, 
Mass. 

Thayer,  William  Roscoe,  educator,  jour- 
nalist, 25oet,  was  born  Jan.  16,  1859,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  was  formerly  an  instruc- 
tor at  Harvard  luiiversitj^;  in  1882-85  was 
engaged  in  journalism  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 
and  since  1892  has  been  editor  of  Harvard 
Graduates'  magazine  of  Cambridge,  Mass. 
His  writings  in  verse  include:  The  Confes- 
sions of  Hermes;  Hesper;  and  Poems,  New 
and  Old.  He  has  also  published,  in  two 
volumes.  The  Dawn  of  Italian  Independ- 
ence; and  The  Best  Elizabethan  Plays;  and 
Short   iStories   of  Venice. 

Thayer,  William  Sydney,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  23,  1864,  in  Milton. 
Mass.  Ho  is  the  author  of  Lectures  on  the 
Malarial  Fevers;  and  The  Malarial  Fevers 
of  Pialtimore. 

Thayer,  William  Wallace,  lawyer,  jurist 
conjiressnian.  governor,  was  born  July  15, 
1827,  in  Lima,  N.Y.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  Idaho  territorial  legislature  in 
1866;  and  in  tbat  year  was  elected  district 
attorney.  In  1867  he  moved  to  Portland, 
Oregon  ;  and  in  1878-82  was  the  sixth  gov- 
ernor of  Oregon.  In  1884-88  he  was  associ- 
ate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Oregon ; 
and  in  1888-90  was  chief  justice.  He  died 
Oct.  17.  1899,  in  I'ortland.  Oregon. 

Theaker,  Thomas  Clarke,  macliinisf,f on- 
gre-ssman,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1812,  in  York 
county.  I'a,  In  1859-61  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Ohio  to  the  thirty-sixth  congress; 
and  was  subsequently  appointed  one  of  a 
board  of  commissioners  to  examine  into  the 
affairs  of  the  patent  office.  In  1865  he  was 
appointed  commissioner  of  patents.  He  died 
July   16.   1883.  in  Oakland,  Md. 

Thebaud,  Augustine  J.,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1807  in  France.  In  1846- 
52  he  was  president  of  St.  John's  college  of 
Fordham,  N.Y. ;  and  in  1852  became  pastor 
of  St.  Joseph's  church  in  Troy,  N.Y'.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Irish  Race  in  the 
Past  and  Present ;  Louisa  Kirkbride,  a  tale 
of  New  York ;  The  Church  and  the  Mo'al 
World :  and  the  Twit-Twats,  a  bird  alle- 
gory. He  died  Dec.  17,  1890,  in  Fordham, 
N.Y. 

Thebaud,  Julius  Stephen,  surgeon,  was 
born  Oct.  28.  1827.  in  Morristown,  N.J.  In 
1851  ho  was  ajipointed  surgeon  to  the  New- 
York  City  dispensary.  He  was  the  first  sur- 
geon of  his  day  to  successfully  perform  the 
hip  joint  operation.  He  died  Oct.  20,  1876, 
in  New  York  City. 

Theller,  Edward  Alexander,  physician, 
jonrnalist,  author,  was  horn  about  1810  in 
East  Canada.  He  was  a  Canadian  ph.ysi- 
cian  ;  and  for  his  activity  in  the  Canadian  re- 
bellion of  1837,  was  imprisoned  and  sen- 
tenced to  death.  He  escaped  to  the  United 
States  ;  and  was  subsequently  a  journalist;  in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


435 


Ciilifornia  and  siiperiiitondeut  of  schools  iu 
Siui  Francisco,  lie  was  the  author  of  Can- 
ada iu  1837-38.  He  died  in  1859.  iu  llonitas. 
Cal. 

Theobald,  Samuel,  ophthaimologist,  otolo- 
gist, author,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1846.  in  Bal- 
timore, Md.  Since  1894  he  has  been  clinical 
professor  of  ophthalmology  and  otology  in 
Johns  Hopkins  miiversity  ;  and  is  now  oph- 
Ihalniie  and  aural  surgeon  to  the  Johns 
Hopkins  hispital  ;  and  surgeon  to  the  IJalti- 
more  ear,  eye  and  throat  charity  hospital. 
He  is  the  author  of  Prevalent  Diseases  of 
the   Eye. 

Thibodeaux,  Bannon  G.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Louisiana.  In  1845-49  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Louisiana  to  the  twenty- 
ninth  and  thirtieth  congresses.  He  died  in 
March,  1866,  in  Terrebonne,  La. 

Thibodeaux,  Henry  Schuyler,  state  sena- 
tor, governor,  was  born  in  1769  in  Albany. 
N.Y.  His  early  days  were  passed  in  Scot- 
land ;  and  he  settled  in  Louisiana  in  1794. 
In  1805  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  ter- 
ritorial legislature  ;  and  became  a  justice  of 
the  peace  in  1808.  He  was  three  times  elect- 
ed sta*e  senator.  In  1822-24  he  was  acting 
governor  of  Louisiana.  The  town  of  Thi- 
bodeauvillo.  La.,  was  named  in  his  honor.  He 
died  in  Thibodeauvillo.  La. 

Thieblin,  Nicolas  Leon,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1834  in  Italy.  He  was  a 
journalist  of  London  ;  and  after  1874  of  New 
York  City.  He  was  Spanish  correspondent 
of  The  Herald  in  the  Carlist  war.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  Little  Book  About  Great 
Britain  ;  and  Spain  and  the  Spaniards.  He 
died  in  1889  in  New  York  City. 

Thieme,  Hugo  Paul,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  2,  1870,  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 
Since  1905  he  has  been  assistant  professor  of 
French  at  the  university  of  Michigan.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Technique  of  the  French 
Alexandrine;  and  several  other  works  in 
French. 

Thienpont,  Emanuel,  clergyman,  pioneer, 
was  born  in  1803  in  Belgium.  He  was  the 
pioneer  secular  priest  of  Ohio;  and  was  the 
first  to  build  Roman  catholic  churches  in 
Dayton,  I'ortsmouth,  Steubenville  and  other 
places  in  the  state.  He  died  Oct.  19,  1873,  iu 
Logan.    Ohio. 

Thilly,  Frank,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Aug.  18.  1865.  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio.  In  1893- 
1904  lie  was  i»rofessor  of  i)hili)S()i»hy  in  the 
university  of  Missouri  ;  and  is  now  professor 
of  ethics  at  Cornell  university.  Ua  is  tiie 
author  of   An    Introduction    to   Kthics. 

Thirkield,  Wilbur  Patterson,  clergyman, 
(•(dlegc  pri'sidi'iit.  ronmler.  was  i>orn  Sept.  25. 
1854.  in  Franklin.  Ohio.  In  1876  he  grad- 
uated from  the  Ohio  Wesleyau  university; 
and  in  1881  graduated  from  the  Boston  uni- 
versity scliool  of  theology.  Since  1878  he  has 
been  in  the  methodist  ei)iscoiial  ministry.  Ilr- 
was  the  president  and  educational  founder 
of  the  Gammon  theological  seminary  of  At- 
lanta,  Ga.;   and    raised    for   that    institution 


over  one-half  a  million  dollars  for  its  endow- 
ment and  ('(luipnient.  In  1899  he  was  elect- 
ed general  secretary  of  the  Epworth  league; 
and  since  1900  has  been  general  secretary  of 
the  Freedmen's  aid  and  southern  education 
society,  with  head(iuarters  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio."  Since  1906  he  has  been  president  of 
Howard  university  of  Wasliington,  D.C. 

Thiry,  John  Henry,  merchant,  founder, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  30,  1822,  in  Belgium. 
Until   1874   he   was   in   the  book   business   in 

New  York  City.  Siu'^e 
1883  he  has  been  a 
school  com.Jiiissiouer ; 
and  is  now  a  member 
of  the  local  school 
board  of  district  for- 
ty-one. Queens  county, 
N.Y.  He  is  the  found- 
der  of  the  school  sav- 
ings bank  of  America, 
in  which  fifteen  mil- 
lion dollars  have  been 
saved  by  the  young 
people  of  America.  He 
is  the  author  of  Early  Schools  in  Long  Is- 
land ;  and  numerous  educational  Mono- 
graphs. 

Thistlewood,  Napoleon  B.,  soldier,  public 
othcial.  coniirossnian.  was  born  March  30, 
1837,  in  Kent  county,  Del.  He  was  educat- 
ed in  the  public  schools  of  Delaware ;  and  in 
1858  moved  to  Illinois.  He  served  in  the 
civil  war;  and  in  1865  was  wounded  at  S-'l- 
ma,  Ala.  In  1879-83  he  was  mayor  of  Cai- 
ro, 111.  In  1907-11  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  sixtieth  and  sixty-first 
congresses  as   a   republican. 

Thoburn,  James  Mills,  missionary,  bish- 
op, author,  was  born  March  7,  183C.  in  St. 
Clairsville.  Ohio.  He  has  been  a  methodist 
episcopal  missionary;  and  bishop  in  India 
and  Malaysia  since  1888.  He  is  the  author 
of  Missionary  Addresses;  My  Missionary  Ap- 
prenticeship in  New  York;  India  and  ^la- 
laysia  ;  Light  in  the  East ;  The  Deaconess 
and  Her  Vocation;  Christless  Nations:  and 
The  Christian  Couciuest  of  India. 

Thorn,  George,  sohUer,  was  born  Feb.  21. 
1819.  in  Derry.  X.II.  He  became  colonel  of 
engineers  in  1880;  and  was  brevetted  briga- 
(lier-ffeneral  T'uited  States  army.  11(>  died 
June  23,  1891.  in  AVashington,  D.C. 

Ihom,  James  Crawford,  artist,  was  born 
Mafch  22,  1835.  in  New  York.  Since  his  re- 
turn to  the  United  States  in  1872  many  uf 
his  jiictures  have  found  their  way  into  pri- 
vate galleries  in  America.  Among  the  paint- 
ings that  he  executed  while  abroad  are  By 
the  Biverside;  Ileturning  from  the  AVood ; 
'i'ired  iif  Waiting;  Going  to  School  ;  and  The 
Munks  Walk. 

Thoman,  Leroy  Delano,  lawyer,  lecturer, 
jurist,  was  born  July  31.  1851.  in  Salem. 
Ohio.  In  1873  he  removed  to  Youngstown, 
Ohio;  and  there  served  for  some  time  as  pro- 
bate judge.  In  1880  he  was  the  democratic 
candidate  for  governor  of  Ohio,  but  was  de- 
feated by  William  McKlnley  ;  and  in  1883  he 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


was  appointed  by  Presirent  Arthur  a  demo- 
cratic member  of  the  United  States  civil  serv- 
ice commission.  In  1888  he  removed  to  Chi- 
cago, \\'here  he  has  since  practiced  his  pro-!!} 
fession.  He  is  a  lecturer  on  international 
law  in  the  Northwestern  university  of  Evans- 
ton.  111. 

Thomas,  Abel  Charles,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  June  11,  1807,  in  Exeter,  Pa.  He 
was  a  universalist  clergyman  of  Philadel- 
phia ;  and  established  the  Lowell  Offering,  a 
periodical  written  by  the  factory  operatives. 
He  was  the  author  of  Allegories  and  Divers 
Day  Dreams ;  Centenary  of  Universalism ; 
Discussions  on  Universalism  ;  The  Christian 
I-Ielper ;  Hymns  of  Zion  ;  and  Autobiography. 
He  died  Sept.  28.  1880.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Thomas,  Albert  D.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  17.  1841,  in  Williamsport,  Ind. 
He  has  served  as  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  ;  and  in  1873-79  was  judge  of  cir- 
cuit court  at  (]rawfordsville,  Ind.  In  1896- 
98  he  was  district  judge  United  States  court 
of  appeals. 

Thomas,  Alfred  B.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1890-96  he  was  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  of  North  Dakota. 

Thomas,  Allen  Clapp,  educator,  librarian, 
author,  was  born  Doc.  26.  1846,  in  Baltimore, 
JNId.  Since  1878  he  has  been  professor  of  his- 
tory and  librarian  of  Haverford  college.  Pa. 
He  is  the  author  of  Edward  Lawrence  Scull, 
a  Memoir:  A  History  of  the  United  States 
for  Schools  and  Academies ;  and  An  Elemen- 
tary  History   of  the   United   States. 

Thomas,  Amos  Russell,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  3,  1826,  in  Watertown,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  Philadelphia  physician  ;  and  dean 
of  Hahnemann  medical  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Post  Mortem  Examinations  and 
Morbid  Anatomy.  He  died  Oct.  31,  1895, 
in  Chicago.  HI. 

Thomas,  Arthur  Lloyd,  governor,  was 
born.  Aug.  22,  1851,  in  Chicago  111.  In  1879- 
87  he  was  secretary  of -the  territory  of  LTtah, 

residing  at  Salt  Lake 
City.  In  1880  he  was 
appointed  Unit  e  d 
States  supervisor  of 
the  censtus  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Utah.  He  was 
acting  governor  of  the 
territory  during  the 
legislative  session  of 
1879-80,  during  a  part 
of  the  session  of  1881- 
82,  for  three  months 
in  1881,  and  again  in 
1883 ;  and  in  the  lat- 
ter year  was  reappointed  secretary  for  a  sec- 
ond term.  In  1890-93  he  was  governor  of 
the  territory  of  Utah  ;  and  in  1898  was  ap- 
pointed iiostmaster  of  Salt  Lake  City  for 
fnur  years.  He  is  president  Idaho  irrigating 
and   (-(ilonizaUon    company. 

Thomas,  Augustus,  playwright,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  8.  1859,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He 
was  i)age  boy  in  the  forty-first  congress.  He 
is  tlie  author  of  tlie  dramas  entitled  Alabama, 


(Mizzoura  ;  Arizona  ;  The  Embassy  Ball ;  The 
I  Witching  Hour;  and  others. 

Thomas,  Benjamin,  railroad  president, 
|was  born  Oct.  28,  1841,  in  Towanda,  Pa.  In 
1890  he  became  president  of  the  Chicago  and 
Western  Indiana  railroad  company  ;  and  of 
the   Belt    railway   company   of   Chicago. 

Thomas,  Benjamin  Franklin,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  author,  was  born  Feb.  12, 
1813,  in  Boston.  Mass.  In  1853-59  he  was 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Massachu- 
setts ;  and  in  1861-63  "he  was  a  representative 
to  the  thirty-seventh  congress.  He  was  the 
author  of  Digest  of  Laws  of  Massachusetts 
in  Relation  to  Powers,  Duties  and  Liabili- 
ties of  Towns  and  Town  Officers  :  and  Life 
of  Isaiah  Thomas.  He  died  Sept.  27,  1878, 
in    Salem,    Mass. 

Thomas,  Benjamin  Franklin,  civil  engi- 
neer, author,  was  born  May  23,  1853,  in  Law- 
rence county,  Ohio.  In  1883-1905  he  was 
United  States  assistant  engineer  on  river  im- 
provement work  on  the  Ohio,  Big  Sandy, 
Green.  Kentucky  and  Kanawha  rivers.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Improvement  of  Rivers. 

Thomas,  Benjamin  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Feb.  12, 
1813,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  legislature  in  1842; 
and  was  appointed  judge  of  probate  for  the 
county  of  Worcester  in  1844.  In  1853  he 
was  appointed  to  the  bench  of  the  supreme 
court  of  IMassachusetts.  He  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  thirty-seventh  congress.  He 
died   in   Worcester,  Mass. 

Thomas,  Calvin,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  28,  1854,  near  Lapeer,  Mich.  Since 
1896  he  has  been  professor  of  Germanic 
languages  and  literatures  in  Columbia  uni- 
versitj^  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Practical  German  Grammar. 

Thomas,  Carl  Clapp,  educator,  engineer, 
author,  was  born  July  14,  1872,  in  Detroit, 
Mich.  He  was  educated  in  the  Leiand 
Stanford  university  and  at  Sibley  college, 
where  he  received  the  degree  of  M.E.  In 
1904-08  he  was  professor  of  marine  engi- 
neering at  Cornell  university;  and  is  now 
chairman  of  the  department  of  mechanical 
engineering  at  the  university  of  Wisconsin. 
He  is  the  author  of  Steam  Turbines;  and 
The  Specific  Heat  of  Superheated  Steam.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  American  society  of 
mechanical  engineers;  a  member  of  the 
American  society  of  naval  architects  and 
marine  engineers;  and  a  member  of  the 
Engineer  club  of  New  York  City. 

Thomas,  Charles,  soldier,  was' born  in  1800 
in  Pennsylvania.  He  entered  the  army  and 
becanu^  a  lieutenant  of  ordnance  in  1819; 
captain  in  1833;  and  brevet  lieutenant- 
colonel  for  meritorious  services  in  Mexico 
in  1848.  He  was  promoted  to  brevet  ma- 
jor-general in  18G5  for  meritorious  services 
during  the  civil  war.  He  died  Feb.  1,  1878, 
in    ^^'ashington,    D.C. 

Thomas,  Charles  Mitchell,  naval  officer, 
was  ))orn  Oct.  1,  lS4(i.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
In    ISdCi    he    was    promoted    ensign    in    the 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


4:57 


Liiited  States  navy;  and  in  HXM  attained 
the  rank  of  icar-adaiirai.  In  l!)0')-()7  lie 
was  superintendent  of  tlie  naval  training 
station;  in  191)7  commanded  the  second  di- 
vision of  the  Asiatic  fleet;  and  in  1907  com- 
manded the  second  squadron  of  the  Atlantic 
fleet.  He  died  Julv  3,  1908,  in  Delnionle, 
Cal. 

Thomas,  Charles  R.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  7,  1827,  in  Car- 
teret county,  N.C.  He  was  elected  one  of 
the  judges  of  the  superior  court  of  North 
Carolina  in  1808.  In  1871-75  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the  for- 
ty-second and  forty-third  congresses  as  a 
republican.  He  died  about  1900  in  New 
Berne,   N.C. 

Thomas,  Charles  Randolph,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  21,  1861,  in  Beau- 
tort,  N.C.  He  is  a  son  of  the  late  Judge 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  who  was  a  member  of 
the  forty-second  and  forty-third  congresses. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882 ;  and 
since  that  time  has  continuously  practiced 
his  profession.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
North  Carolina  state  legislature  in  1887.  In 
1899-1911  he  was  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth, fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and 
sixty-first  congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Thomas,  Charles  Spalding,  lawyer,  gov- 
ernor. United  States  senator,  was  born  Dec. 
G,  1849,  in  Darien,  Ga.  In  boyhood  he 
moved  to  Micliigan;  and  in  1871  graduated 
with  the  degree  of  LL.B.  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan.  He  moved  to  Denver; 
practiced  law  in  Leadville;  returned  to 
Denver  and  soon  attained  success  in  the 
practice  of  law  in  that  city;  becoming  liead 
of  the  law  firm  of  Thomas,  Bryant  and  Lee. 
For  twelve  years,  in  1884-90,  he  was  a 
member  of  the  national  democratic  commit- 
tee; has  been  city  attorney  of  Denver;  and 
in  1899- 1900  was  governor  of  the  state  of 
Colorado.  Since  1913  lie  has  been  I'nited 
States  senator  from   Colorado. 

Thomas,  Christopher  Y.,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  March  24, 
1818,  in  Pittsylvania,  Va.  In  1859-63  he 
was  a  member  of  the  state  senate  for  four 
years;  and  in  1869  was  again  elected  to 
tlie  legislature.  In  1873-75  lie  was  a  rej)- 
resentative  from  Virginia  to  the  forty-third 
congress.      He   died   in    Virginia. 

Thomas,  Cyrus,  ethnologist,  author,  was 
born  .Inly  27.  1S2.').  in  Kingsport,  Ti-nn.  He 
vn-as  a  noted  ethnologist  and  i-ntomologist 
in  tlie  llnited  States  bureau  of  etlinology. 
He  is  the  author  of  Acridid:e  of  Nortli 
America;  Noxious  and  Bciiclicial  Insects  of 
Illinois;  Study  of  the  .Manuscriitt  Troano; 
Notes  on  Certain  Maya  and  Mexican  Man- 
uscripts; Aids  to  tlie  Study  of  the  Maya 
Chronicles;  The  Cherokees  "and  the  Shaw- 
nees  in  I're-Coliiiiibjjiii  'liiiics;  Catalogue  of 
Prehistoric  Works  East  of  the  Rocky  Moun- 
tains; Mound  Exploration  of  the  Bureau 
of  Ethnology;  and  Study  of  North  Ameri- 
,can   Archaeology. 


Thomas,  D.  B.,  congressman.  He  was  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  to  the  tliirty- 
niiilh  congress,  but  was  not  declared  en- 
tilled  to  his  seat  until  near  the  end  of  the 
first  session  of  that  congress.  He  died  in 
Tennessee. 

Thomas,  David,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  June  11,  1762,  in  Pelham,  Mass.  In 
1803-09  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  tne  eighth,  ninth  and  tenth  con- 
gresses ;  served  four  years  in  the  state  as- 
sembly; and  also  held  the  position  of  state 
treasurer.  He  was  also  major-general  of 
the  state  militia.  He  died  Nov.  26,  1831, 
in  Providence,  R.I. 

Thomas,  David,  civil  engineer,  pomologist, 
author,  was  born  in  1776  in  Montgomery 
county,  Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  Travels 
in  the  West.  He  died  in  1859,  in  New 
York  City. 

Thomas,  David,  merchant,  manufacturer, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1794,  in  South  Wales.  He 
came  to  America  in  1839;  and  founded  the 
anthracite  iron  industry  in  the  United 
States.  He  died  June  20,  1882.  in  Catasau- 
qua.    Pa. 

Thomas,  De  Witt  Clinton,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Indiana.  In  1861  he  was  major  in 
the  eigliteenth  regiment  Indiana  infantry; 
.■ind  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.     He  died  March  9,  1882. 

Thomas,  Douglas  Hamilton,  banker,  fin- 
ancier, was  born  Jan.  1,  1847,  in  Baltimore, 
]\Id.  He  was  educated  at  the  university  of 
Maryland.  In  .1870-77  he  was  captain  and 
major  in  the  fifth  regiment  Maryland  na- 
tional guard;  and  in  1876  was  commissioner 
tor  Maryland  to  the  centennial  exposition 
at  Philadelpliia,  Pa.  In  1878-80  he  was  cash- 
ier of  the  Marine  bank  of  Baltimore;  in 
1880-86  was  cashier  of  the  Mercliants'  na- 
tional bank  of  Baltimore;  and  since  1886 
has  been  president  of  that  institution.  In 
1886-92  he  was  finance  commissioner  of 
13altimore;  and  in  1890-1901  he  was  com- 
missioner of  ])iiblic  parks  of  Baltimore,  'Md. 

Thomas,  E.  A.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
judge  of  one  of  the  United  States  terri- 
torial courts  sometime  prior  to  1884. 

Thomas,  Earl  Denison,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  4.  1S47.  in  .Melleiiry,  111.  In  1857-61 
he  attended  Todds  academy  of  Woodstock, 
111.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  the  eighth  regi- 
ment Illinois  volunteer  cavalry;  and  serv- 
ed throiigli  tlie  civil  war.  participating  in 
all  the  canipaigri  of  the  army  of  tlie  Poto- 
mac in  1862-65  in  the  cavalry  corps  of  that 
army.  At  the  age  of  sixteen  years  he  was 
appointed  sergeant-major  of  the  regiment; 
and  in  1865  was  discharged  from  tlic  vol- 
unteer service  of  the  United  States  army 
to  accept  an  appointment  as  cadet  at  the 
T'nited  States  niilitary  academy.  In  1870- 
71  he  partieipatel  in  the  Indian  campaigns 
in  the  fifth  United  States  cavalry:  and  in 
1872  was  jiromoted  to  first  lieutenant.  In 
1875-78  he  was  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Kautz:  in  1878-80  served  in  Wyoming  and 
Nebraska;  and  in  1880-83  he  served  at  dif- 


438 


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ferent  military  posts  until  promoted  to 
grade  of  captain  of  cavalry  in  1885.  He 
was  present  at  the  opening  of  Oklahoma  in 
1889;  and  at  the  opening  of  the  Cheyenne 
and  Arapahoe  reservation  in  1891.  In  1898 
lie  was  appointed  major  and  inspector-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  at  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Spanish-American  war;  was  promoted 
to  major  of  cavalry  in  1899;  and  in  1900-01 
was  judge  of  the  Puerto  Rican  provincial 
court.  In  1903  he  was  in  command  of  the 
thirteenth  cavalry  to  the  Philippine  is- 
lands. In  1906  he  was  stationed  in  charge 
of  one  squadron  of  the  eleventh  cavalry  at 
Pinar,  Del  Rio;  and  in  1907  attained  the 
rank   of   brigadier-general. 

Thomas,  Eben  Briggs,  railroad  president, 
financier.  In  1894-95  lie  was  president  ol 
the  New  York,  Lake  Erie  and  western  rail- 
way; and  in  1895-1901  was  president  of  the 
Erie  railroad.  Since  1902  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Lehiijh  valley  railroad  company; 
president  and  director  of  the  Delaware,  Sus- 
quehanna and  Schuylkill  railroad  company; 
and  has  other  large  financial  interests. 

'ihomas,  Ebenezer  Smith,  journalist,  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  in  June,  1780.  in 
Lancaster,  Mass.  He  removed  to  Raltimore 
in  1816;  served  in  the  Maryland  legislature 
in  1818-19;  and  edited  the  Cincinnati  Daily 
Advertiser  in  1829-35;  and  the  Evening  Post 
until  1839.  He  was  the  author  of  Reminis- 
cences of  the  Last  Sixty-live  Years;  and 
Reminiscences  of  South  Carolina.  He  died 
in   August.   1844,   in   Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Thomas,  Mrs.  Edith  Carpenter,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  New  Hampshire.  She 
was  a  writer  of  :\Iillville,  N.J.  She  was  the 
author  of  Lorenzo  Di  Medici,  an  Historical 
Portrait;  and  Your  Money  or  Your  Life,  a 
novel.  She  died  .May  14.  1901.  in  New  York 
City. 

Thomas,  Mrs.  Edith  Matilda,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Aug.  12,  1854,  in  Chatham,  Ohio. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Round  Year,  prose 
papers;  and  in  poetry,  A  New  Year's 
Masque;  A  Winter  Swallow,  with  Other 
Poems;  Fair  Shadow  Land;  Lyrics  and 
Sonnets;  The  Inverted  Torch;  In  Sunshine 
Land;  In  the  Young  ^Vorld;  Cassia  and 
Other  Verse;    and   other   works. 

Thomas,  Edward  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  New  York  City.  In  1873  he  was 
apjioiiited  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  for  the  territory  of  Wyoming, 
residing  at  Laramie,  Wyo. 

Thomas,  Edwin,  lawver,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  4.  1848,  in  CorthiTid,  N.Y. 
In  1881-85  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  state  senate;  and  since  1886  has 
lived  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  Since  1898  he  has 
been  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  for  the  eastern  district  of  New  York. 
H(>  is  the  author  of  Treatise  on  Negligence; 
ami  The  Law  of  the  States  Created  by  Will. 
Thomas,  Edward  Beers,,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  horn  Aug.  4,  1848.  in  Cortland- 
ville,  N.Y.  In  1870  he  graduated  with  the 
degree   of   A.B.   from   Yale  college;    and   at 


once  took  up  the  practice  of  law.  In  1882- 
85  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state 
senate;  and  in  1885  was  a  candidate  for 
attorney-general.  Since  1886  he  has  been  a 
resident  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1898-1906 
lie  was  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  for  the  eastern  district  of  Ncav  Y^orkj 
and  since  1907  has  been  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  state  of  New  York  for 
the  second  district.  He  is  a  trustee  of  the 
Brooklyn  historical  society.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Treatise  on  Negligence;  and  Es- 
tates Created  by  Will. 

Thomas,  Edward  Harper,  clergyman,  was 
born  April  11,  1811,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
For  more  than  twenty  years  he  served  as 
an  itinerant.  In  1854  he  took  editorial 
charge  of  the  Church  Advocate,  the  official 
pape^  of  his  church.  He  died  Sept.  18,  1869, 
in   Lancaster,  Pa. 

Thomas,  Elisha  Smith,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  March  1,  1834,  in  Wickford,  R.I. 
He    served    as    rector    in     Seabury     divinity 

_.     school     of     Faribault, 

Minn.   He  was  second 
'^  protestant       episcopal 

bishop  of  Kansas  in 
1887;  and  bishop  in 
1889-95.  He  Avas  the 
author  of  several  re- 
ligious works.  He 
died  ilarch  9.  1895, 
in  Topeka,  Kan. 


Thomas,  Flavel  Shurtleff,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  7,  1852,  in  Hanson, 
i\rass.  He  is  physician  to  the  Cordon  rest 
sanitarium;  and  physician  to  the  Mequan 
sanitorium.  He  is  one  of  the  editors  of  the 
Standard  dictionary.  He  is  the  author  of 
Dictionary  of  University  Degrees. 

Thomas,  Francis,  soldier,  lawyer,  diplo- 
mat, congressman,  governor,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  3.  1799,  in  Frederick  county,  Md. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  house  of  delegates 
in  1822,  and  1827  and  1829,  when  he  was 
chosen  speaker.  In  1831-41  and  1861-69  he 
Mas  a  representative  from  INIaryland  to  the 
twenty-second,  twenty-third,  twenty-fourth, 
twenty-fifth,  twenty-sixth,  thirty-seventh, 
thirty-eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth  con- 
gresses; and  in  1839  was  president  of  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal.  In  1841-44  he 
was  the  twenty -third  governor  of  IMary- 
land.  In  1872  he  was  appointed  United 
States  minister  to  Peru.  He  was  killed  in 
a  railroad  accident  Jan.  22,  1876.  in  Frank- 
ville,  :\Id. 

Thomas,  Frederick  William,  clergyman, 
iounialist.  educator,  author,  was  born  in 
1811  In  Charleston,  S.C.  In  1841-50  he  was 
a  clerk  in  the  treasury  dejiartment  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  In  1850  he  held  a  pastorate  in 
Cincinnati;  and  was  subsequently  a  pro- 
fessor in  thi>  university  of  Ahibama.  He 
v\as  the  author  of  The  Emigrant,  a  Poem; 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


439 


Tlie  Beechen  Tree,  and  Other  Poems; 
Sketches  of  Character;  Randolph  of  Roa- 
noke. His  novels  include  Clinton  Bradshaw; 
East  and  West;  and  Howard  Pinckney. 
He  died  Srjtt.  30,  1866,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Thomas,  Gabriel,  author.  He  resided  in 
Pennsylvania  and  western  New  Jersey  in 
1682-117.  He  was  the  author  of  An  Historical 
and  (Geographical  Account  of  the  Province 
and  County  of  Pennsylvania  and  of  West 
New  .Jersey.    He  died  in  New  Jersey. 

Thomas,  George,  colonial  governor.  In 
1738-4.5  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Dela- 
ware; and  in  1738-47  was  colonial  governor 
of    Pennsylvania. 

Thomas,  George  Morgan,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov. 
23,  1828,  in  Lewis  county,  Ky.  In  1854-58 
he  was  county  attorney  of  Lewis  county, 
Ky.  He  was  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1859,  1861.  and  1872-73.  He  was  elected 
commonwealth  attorney  for  the  tenth  ju- 
dicial district,  and  served  six  years;  and 
also  in  1868  and  1872.  He  was  elected  coun- 
ty judge  in  1868.  He  was  circuit  judge  in 
the  fourteenth  judicial  district  in  1874-80; 
and  was  United  States  district  attorney  in 
1881-85.  He  was  elected'  to  the  fiftieth  con- 
gress as  a  republican.  Since  1897  he  has 
been  solicitor  of  the  internal  revenue  of 
the  United  States. 

Thomas,  George  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
July  31,  1816,  in  Southampton  county,  Va. 
He   was   the   slow  but   sure  general   of   the 

American  civil  war. 
His  wonderful  skill 
exercised  at  the  bat- 
tle of  Chickamauga 
furnishes  one  of  the 
most  re  markable 
pages  in  the  history 
of  the  war;  and  won 
for  him  the  title  of 
the  Rock  of  Chicka- 
mauga. He  became 
a  brigadier-general. 
He  was  also  general 
in  command  at  the 
battles  of  .Mill  Springs,  Millikens  Bend,  and 
at  Nashville.  He  died  :^Iarch  28,  1870,  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Thomas,  Henry  F.,  soldier,  physician, 
state  scnatoi-.  cnngressman,  was  born  Dec. 
17,   1843,  in  Tompkins  township,  Midi.     He 

enlisted  in  the  sev- 
enth Michigan  caval- 
ry as  a  private;  was 
jtresent  witli  his  com- 
pany in  nearly  all  of 
the  memorable  cani- 
jiaigns  in  which  it 
w  a  s  engaged ;  a  n  d 
was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  1865.  In 
1873-74  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Michi- 
gan state  hoiise  of 
representatives.  He 
has  been  jTesident  of  Allegan  village;   and 


in  1884  was  a  delegate  to  the  republican 
national  convention.  He  has  been  president 
of  the  West  Michigan  medical  society.  In 
1893-97  he  was  a  representative  to  the  hfty- 
third  and  fifty-fourth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Thomas,  Henry  Goddard,  soldier,  was  born 
April  5,  1837,  in  Portland,  Maine.  He  was 
honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer 
service  in  1866;  but  remained  in  the  United 
States  army,  and  became  paymaster,  with 
the  rank  of  brevet  major-general.  He  died 
Jan.  23,  1897,  in  Oklahoma. 

Thomas,  Henry  M.,  educator,  neurologist, 
was  born  in  May,  1861,  in  Baltimore,  :Md. 
He  was  educated  at  Haverford  college  and 
at  Johns  Hopkins  university;  in  1884  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  M.D.  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Maryland;  and  subsequently  studied 
abroad.  He  has  been  connected  Vith  the 
Johns  Hopkins  hospital  and  medical  schools 
since  their  opening;  is  now  clinical  profes- 
sor of  nervous  diseases  at  the  Johns  Hopkins 
university;  neurologist  at  the  Johns  Hop- 
kins hospital;  and  resides  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Thomas,  Henry  Wilton,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  1861,  in  New  Rochelle,  N.Y. 
Jn  1887-98  he  was  a  reporter  on  New  York 
newspapers.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Last 
Lady  Mulberry;  The  Kiss  of  Nero;  and  The 
Sword  of  Wealtli. 

Thomas,  Henry  Wirtz,  legislator,  jurist, 
lieutenant-governor,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1812, 
in  Frederick  county,  Md.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  state  legislature:  was  a 
judge  and  lieutenant-governor  of  Virginia  in 
1870.  He  died  June  20,  1890,  in  Fairfax, 
Va. 

Thomas,  Hiram  Washington,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  April  29,  1832,  in  Hamp- 
shire county,  Va.  Since  1880  he  has  been 
pastor  of  the  people's  church  at  McVicker's 
theatre  of  Chicago,  111.;  and  since  1881  has 
been  cliaplain  of  the  first  regiment  Illinois 
national  guard.  He  is  the  author  of  Origin 
and  Destiny  of  Man;  Life  and  Sermons;  and 
The  People's  Pulpit. 

Thomas,  Isaac,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1735,  in  \irginia.  He  founded  Seviervillc, 
Tenn.;  and  in  1815-17  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Tennessee  to  the  fourteentli 
congress.  He  died  in  1819,  in  Sevierville, 
Tenn. 

Thomas,  Isaiah,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  .fan.  19,  1749,  in  Boston.  Mass.  He 
was  a  noted  jirinfer  of  \\'orcester,  .Mass.; 
and  was  the  founder  of  the  Anu-ricnn  anti- 
quarian soci<'tj'^  at  W'orcester.  He  published 
The  Massachusetts  Sjiy  until  1801;  The 
New  England  Almanac;  and  was  the  author 
of  a  History  of  Printing.  He  died  April  4. 
1831.   in   AN'oicester,  Mass. 

Thomas,  James,  physician,  surgeon,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  March  3.  1843.  He 
is  professor  of  the  theory  and  practice  of 
medicine  in  the  Cincinnati  university.  He 
is  the  author  of  Lectures  on  Physiology; 
and  Theory  and  Practice  of  Medicine. 


440 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Thomas  James,  soldier,  state  senator, 
governor,  was  born  March  11,  1785,  in  St. 
Mary's  county,  Md.  He  became  major-gen- 
eral of  Maryland  militia;  and  subsequently 
served  in  the  state  senate.  He  was  the 
twentieth  governor  of  Maryland  in  1833-36. 
He  died  Dec.  25,  1845,  in  St.  Mary's  county, 
Md. 

Thomas,  James  C,  educator,  lawyer,  poet, 
was  born  Oct.  13,  1870,  in  Gibson  county, 
Ind.  He  has  contributed  poetry  to  local 
papers  and  several  standard  works;  and 
has  attained  note  as  a  campaign  orator. 
During  the  Spanish-American  war  he  served 
in  battalion  G,  first  United  States  artillery. 
He   now    practices   law   in   Petersburg,   Ind. 

Thomas,  James  Houston,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  22,  1808,  in  Ire- 
dell county,  N.C.  In  1836-42  he  was  at- 
torney-general for  the  state  of  Tennessee. 
In  1847-51  and  1859-61  he  w-as  a  represen- 
tative from  Tennessee  to  the  thirtieth,  thir- 
ty-first and  thirty-sixth  congresses;  and  was 
a    presidential   elector   in   1846. 

Thomas,  James  R.,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  May  12.  1812.  in  Hancock 
county,  Ga.  In  1855-67  he  was  president  of 
EoKiry  colle.se. 

Thomas,  Jesse  Burgess,  lawyer,  jurist, 
Tnited  States  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1777  in  Shepardstown,  Va.  In  1807-09  he 
was  a  territorial  delejiatc  from  Indiana  to  the 
tenth  (Oiiuross;  and  tlie  hitter  year  was  ap- 
l)ointed  United  States  .iudge  of  Illinois  terri- 
tory. In  1819-29  he  was  United  States  sena- 
-tor  from  Illinois.  He  was  the  author  of  the 
^[issonri  Conipronuso.  He  died  jNIay  3,  1855, 
in   Mount   \'ernon,  Ohio. 

Thomas,  Jesse  Burgess,  lawyer,  jurist,  Avas 
horn  July  31,  180(5,  jn  Lebanon,  Ohio.  He 
was  attorney -seneral  of  Illinois,  circuit  jud^e, 
and  jud.se  of  the  supreme  court.  He  died 
Feb.  21,"  1850,  in  Chicago,   111. 

Thomas,  Jesse  Burgess,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  .luly  29,  1832,  in  Ed- 
wardsville.  111.  He  is  a  baptist  clergyman; 
and  since  1887  professor  in  the  Theological 
seminary  at  Newton,  Mass.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Old  Bible  and  the  New  Science; 
The  Mould  of  Doctrine  ;  and  Significance  of 
Ihe  Historical  Kleni(>nt  in  Scriiiture. 

Thomas,  Mrs.  Jessie  Beattie,  composer, 
author,  wns  horn  in  Ked  Bud,  111.  She  is 
the  autlior  and  composer  of  the  Goldenrod  ; 
Meniorare:  Egyptian  Lullaby;  and  Speak 
Your  Ilearl. 

Thomas,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  1725, 
in  Marshlii'ld.  ^lass.  He  took  an  active  part 
in  the  re\olutionai\v  war;  and  became  a  ma- 
jor-general. He  died  June  2,  1776.  in  Cau- 
nda. 

Thomas,  John,  state  senator,  poet,  was 
l-,orn  Aug.  26.  1743.  in  West  Kiver.  Md.  He 
was  president  of  the  senate  of  Marylnnd.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  volume  of  Toenis.  lie 
died  Eel).  3.  1805.  in  Annapolis.  Md. 

Thomas,  John,  founder  of  a  sect,  was 
horn  April  12.  1805,  in  London,  England. 
He  joined  the  Campbellite  baptists,  but  left 


this  sect  to  found  another,  whose  members 
he  called  Christodelphians.  He  edited  the 
Apostolic  Advocate  in  1832-37  ;  aud  in  1845- 
47  the  Herald  of  the  Future  Age ;  and  in 
1851-61  the  Herald  of  the  Kingdom.  He  was 
the  author  of  Elpis  Israel ;  Eureka,  an  expo- 
sition of  the  Apocalypse,  in  three  volumes. 
He  died  March  5,  1871,  in  Jersey  City,  N.J. 

Thomas,  John  Addison,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1811  in  Tennessee.  In  1842-45  he  was 
commandant  of  cadets  and  instructor  of  tac- 
tics at  West  Point.  He  became  a  resident 
of  Washington  city  ;  and  in  1855  was  ap- 
pointed assistant  secretary  of  state.  He  died 
March  26.  1858,  in  I'aris.  France. 

Thomas,  John  Chew,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  15,  1764,  in  Cecil  county,  Md. 
He  became  a  prominent  lawyer  of  Maryland  ; 
and  in  1799-1801  he  was  a  representative 
from  Maryland  to  the  sixth  congress.  He 
died  May  10.  1836.  in  Ridley,  Pa. 

Thomas,  John  Henry,  lawyer,  manufactur- 
er, founder,  was  born  Oct.  4,  1826,  in  Mid- 
dletown  Valley,  Md.  In  1851-53  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  Springfield,  Ohio ;  and  in  1853 
was  elected  recorder  of  Clark  county.  In 
1855  he  began  the  manufacture  of  agricultur- 
al implements  in  Springfield,  Ohio ;  and 
founded  the  famous  Thomas  manufacturing 
company.  He  died  Jan.  23,  1901,  in  Spring- 
field. Ohio. 

Thomas,  John  Jacobs,  journalist,  author, 
was  horn  Jan.  8,  1810,  in  Aurora,  N.Y.  He 
was  on  the  editorial  staff  of  The  Country 
Gentleman.  He  edited  Rural  Affairs ;  and 
was  the  author  of  The  American  Fruit  Cul- 
turist ;  Farm  Implements:  their  Construc- 
tion and  Use;  and  Farm  Implements  and 
Farm  Machinery.  He  died  Feb.  22,  1895,  in 
Union  Springs,  N.Y. 

Thomas,  John  L.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  horn  May  20,  1835,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed  solicitor  of  the 
city  of  Baltimore  ;  and  in  1863  was  elected 
state  attorney  for  Maryland.  In  1865-67  he 
was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to  the 
thirty-ninth  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He 
died"Oet.  15.  1893,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Thomas,  John  L.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1890- 
93  he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Missouri    at    .Tefferson. 

Thomas,  John  Lloyd,  journalist,  lecturer, 
sociologist,  was  born  April  22.  1857,  in  Wil- 
ton I'ark.  England.  He  was  educated  in 
England  and  New  York  at  Utica.  In  1890- 
96  he  was  editor  of  The  Constitution;  and 
has  written  extensively  on  sociological  ques- 
tions. For  several  years  he  was  secretary 
of  the  national  prohibition  party  and  nation- 
al constitutional  league.  He  has  traveled  in 
Euroi)e  in  the  study  of  model  dwellings;  and 
is  the  author  of  many  pamphlets  and  ma.sa- 
zine  articles  on  municipal  and  sociological 
(juestions.  He  is  president  of  the  Queens- 
horo  improvement  comi)nny  ;  and  is  a  noted 
lecturer  on  model  dwellings  and  kindred  suli- 
jects  ;  and  resides  in  New  York  City. 

Thomas,  John  Morgan,  clergyman,  chap- 
lain, was  i)orn  in  Sejitemher.  1825,  in  Wales. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


441 


He  has  had  pastoral  charge  of  a  number  of 
the  strongest  and  most  iufiuential  Welsh 
congregational  churches  in  the  United  States. 
During  the  civil  war  he  served  as  chaplain 
of  the  seventy-seventh  and  the  one  hundred 
and  fifty-fifth  regiments  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers. He  was  also  a  noted  composer  and  es- 
sayist. He  died  March  31,  1894,  in  Alliance, 
Ohio.  His  son.  John  J.  Thomas,  is  a  noted 
practicing  physician  of  Youugstowijj  Ohio. 

Thomas,  John  R.,  vocalist,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  in  1830  in  South  Wales.  For 
many  years  he  was  a  successful  concert  sing- 
er;  connected  with  the  Sequin  English  opera 
company ;  and  finally  settled  in  New  York 
City.  His  best  known  songs  are  The  Cottage  by 
the  Sea  ;  Happy  be  Thy  Dreams  ;  Some  One 
to  Love  ;  and  "Tis  But  a  Little  Faded  Flow- 
er. He  has  also  written  Church  Music.  He 
died  in  1896  in  New   York  City. 

Thomas,  John  Robert,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  11,  1846, 
in  Mt.  Vernon,  111.  He  served  in  the  union 
army  during  the  civil  war ;  and  became  a 
capiain.  He  was  state's  attorney  in  1872-76. 
In  1879-89  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nois to  the  forty-sixth,  forty-seventh,  forty- 
eighth,  forty-ninth  and  fiftieth  congresses  as 
a  republican.  In  1897-1901  he  was  judge  of 
the  United  States  courts  of  Indian  terri- 
tory. 

Thomas,  John  Rochester,  designer,  archi- 
tect, was  born  June  IS,  1848,  in  Rochester. 
N.Y.  He  was  architect  of  the  New  Y^ork 
hall  of  records;  and  of  several  hundred 
cinirehes  and  other  buildings.  He  died  in 
1901  in  New  York  City. 

Thomas,  John  W.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Aug.  24.  1830,  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Nashville,  Chattanooga  and  St.  Louis  rail- 
road. 

Thomas,  Joseph,  lexicographer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  23,  1811,  in  Cayuga  county. 
N.Y.  He  was  for  some  time  professor  of 
Latin  and  Greek  in  Haverford  college.  Pa. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Pronouncing  Ca- 
zetter  and  Dictionary  of  the  World;  Gazet- 
ter  of  the  United  States;  Medical  Diction- 
ary; Universal  Proitouncing  Dictionary  of 
Biography  and  Mythology';  First  Book  of 
Ktyniologv ;  and  Travels  in  Egypt  and  Pa- 
icstine.  ile  died  Dec.  24,  1891, "in  Philadel- 
phia,  Pa. 

Thomas,  Joseph  Die,  physician,  author, 
was  born  May  8.  1843,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
He  occupies  the  chair  of  genitourinary  and 
venereal  diseases  in  the  medical  department 
of  the  Western  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A   Souvenir  of  Europe. 

Thomas,  Lewis  Foulke,  lawyer.  i)oet,  was 
I.Mirn  in  IS].")  in  I'altimore  county,  Md.  He 
was  a  lawyer  and  poet  of  Washington.  He 
was  the  author  of  India,  and  Other  Poems; 
Cortez  the  Conquerer,  a  drama;  Osceola,  a 
drama;  and  llhvmes  of  the  Routes.  He 
died  May  2Ck   1808,   in  WashingtnM,  D.C 

Thomas,  Lawrence  Buckley,  clergyman, 
genealogist,  poet,  was  born   Dec.  6,   1848,  in 


Baltimore,    Md. 


This  eminent  clergyman 
has  been  rector  of 
protestant  episcopal 
parishes  in  the  dio- 
ceses of  Rhode  Island, 
Pennsylvania  and  New 
Jersey.  He  is  the  au- 
thor    of    Genealogical 


Notes ;  Dream  of  Ar- 
cadia and  other 
verses;  Pedigrees  and 
Notes ;  Biographical 
Notices  Westminster 
Abbey  and  the  Cathe- 
dral ;  and  of  a  Gen- 
calog^v  of  the  Tiiomas   Family. 

Thomas,  Lorenzo,  soldier,  was  born  Oct. 
26,  1804,  in  New  Castle,  Del.  He  served  in 
the  Florida  war.  In  1861  he  was  appointed 
adjutant-general  of  the  army,  with  the  bre- 
\et  of  colonel ;  and  in  the  same  year  was 
brevetted  a  brigadier-general.  In  1868  he 
was  appointed  secretary  of  war,  but  did  not 
serve.  He  died  March  2,  1875,  in  Wash- 
ington,  D.C. 

Thomasi,  Lot,  lawyer,  jurist,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  17,  1843,  in  Fayette  county, 
Pa.  He  established  the  practice  of  law  in 
Buena  Vista  county,  Iowa;  and  was  judge 
of  the  district  court  in  1885-98.  In  1899- 
1905  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa  to 
the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh  and  fifty-eighth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  in  1905 
in  Storm  Lake,  Iowa.' 

Thomas,  M.  Carey,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Jan.  2,  1857,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.      She   was    the   first   woman   to   receive 

the  highest  degree 
given  by  the  univer- 
sity of  Zurich.  In 
1885-94  she  was  dean 
of  the  faculty  of 
Bryn  Mawr  college; 
and  professor  of  Eng- 
lish; and  since  1894 
has  been  president  of 
that  institution.  In 
1895-99  she  served  as 
a  trustee  of  Cornell 
university.  She  is  a 
noted  writer  and 
speaker  on  subjects  ad'ecting  the  higher 
education    of    women. 

Thomas,  Mrs.  Louise  Palmer,  educator, 
scientist,  antiior,  was  born  ]May  14,  1822,  in 
Mount  Holly,  N.J.  During  the  civil  war 
she  was  a  member  of  the  sanitary  commis- 
sion. She  educated  eighteen  or|)han  chil- 
dren; and  wa.s  editor  and  pul)iisher  of  the 
tract  department  of  the  universal ist  church 
of  Philadelpiiia.  Pa.  Sue  was  judge  of  in- 
dustrial insects  in  the  Pennsylvania  state 
agricultural  society  for  six  years;  was  most 
of  the  time  sole  iimpire;  and  was  also  judge 
of  the  first  exhibit  of  the  silk  culture  asso- 
ciation. In  1892  she  went  to  Russia  as  an 
envoy  from  the  United  States  government 
to   investigate  the   famine.      She   is   the  au- 


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thor  of  several   books,   including  Centenary 
Voices. 

Thomas,  Martha  McCannon,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  15,  1823,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  She 
is  the  author  of  Life's  Lessons,  a  Tale;  and 
Captain  Phil,  a  story  of  the  civil  war.  She 
died  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Thomas,  Mary  Von  Erden,  computer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  8,  1825,  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  She  was  a  computer  in  the  coast  sur- 
vey office  at  Washington  from  1854.  She 
was  the  author  of  Winning  the  Battle,  a 
novel.     She  died  in   Washington,  U.C. 

Thomas,  Minor  T.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Indiana.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieutenant 
in  the  first  regiment  Minnesota  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  mustered  out  as  brevet 
brigadier-general   of   volunteers. 

Thomas,  Nathaniel  Seymour,  clergyman, 
bishop.  He  has  been  rector  of  the  church 
of  holy  apostles  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Since 
1903  he  has  been  protestant  episcopal  bish- 
op  of   western   Kansas. 

Thomas,  Ormsby  B.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Aug.  21, 
1832,  in  Sandgate,  Vt.  For  several  terms 
he  was  district  attorney  of  Crawford  coun- 
ty, Wis.  He  was  a  representative  in  the 
Wisconsin  legislature  in  1862,  1865  and 
1867;  and  was  a  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1880-81.  He  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1872.  He  served  as  captain  of  com- 
pany D,  thirty-first  regiment  Wisconsin 
volunteer  infantry  in  the  union  army.  In 
1885-91  lie  was  a  representative  from  Wis- 
consin to  the  forty-nintli,  fiftieth  and  fifty- 
first  congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died 
in   1903  in   Prairie  du  Chien,  Wis. 

Thomas,  Philemon,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1764  in  Nortli 
Carolina.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture of  Kentucky.  He  afterward  removed 
to  Louisiana;  and  in  1810-11  headed  the  in- 
surrection of  Baton  Roiige,  which  threw 
oft'  the  yoke  of  Spain  from  West  Florida. 
In  1831-35  he  was  a  representative  from 
Louisiana  to  the  twenty-second  and  twenty- 
third  congresses.  He  died  Nov.  18,  1847, 
in   Baton    I'ouge,   La. 

Thomas,  Philip  Francis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Sept.  12. 
1810.    in    Easton.    Md.      In    1836    he    was    a 

member  of  the  Mary- 
land state  constitution- 
al convention  ;  and  in 
1838  was  elected  to 
the  Maryland  state 
legislature.  In  1839- 
41  and  1875-77  was 
a  representative  to  the 
twenty-sixth  and  for- 
ty-fourth congresses. 
He  was  subseijuently 
.indge  of  the  land  of- 
fice court  of  tlie  east- 
ern shore  of  Mary- 
land. In  1843  and  1845  he  was  elected  to 
the  liouse  of  delegates;  and  in  1848-51  was 
tlie   twenty-fifth   governor  of   Maryland.      In 


18C0  he  was  appointed  commissioner  of  the 
patent  office ;  and  in  1860-61  he  was  secre- 
tary of  the  treasury.  In  1867  he  was  elect- 
ed United  States  senator  for  the  term  end- 
ing in  1873.  but  was  rejected.  He  died  Oct. 
2,  1890.  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Thomas,  Philip  Evan,  railroad  president, 
philanthropist,  was  born  Nov.  11,  1776,  in 
ISlontgomery  county,  Md.  He  was  the  fa- 
ther of  the  railroad  sj'stem  of  the  L^nited 
States.  He  was  the  founder  and  first  presi- 
dent of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad 
companv.  He  died  Sept.  1,  1861.  in  Yonkers, 
N.Y. 

Thomas,  Reuen,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1840  in  England.  He  was  a  congre- 
gational clergyman ;  and  since  1875  pastor 
of  the  Harvard  church  at  Brookline,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  Through  Death  to  Life; 
Divine  Sovereignty;  Grafenburg  People; 
and  Leaders  of  Thought  in  the  Modern 
Cliurch.  He  died  in  1907  in  Brookline,  Mass. 
Thomas,  Richard,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  boni  in  1745.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the 
revolutionary  war.  In  1795-1801  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
fcjurth.  fifth  ami  sixth  congresses.  He  died 
in  1832  in  Philadeliihia.  Pa. 

Thomas,  Richard  Henry,  physician,  au- 
(lior.  poet,  was  born  Jan.  26.  1854,  in  Bal- 
timore, Md.  He  was  the  author  of  Echoes 
and  Pictures,  poems;  I'enclvo,  or  Amonu  tlie 
Quakers,  a  story  ;  and  History  of  the  Soci- 
ety of  Friends  in  .America.  He  died  in  1904 
ill  Baltimore.  Md. 

Thomas,  Robert  Baily,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  April  24,  17G6,  in  West  Boylslon, 
Mass.  He  was  an  editor  for  fifty-three  years 
of  The  Farmer's  Almanack,  which  he  first 
t)ublished  in  1793  ;  and  whi<'h  is  still  issued 
yearly.  He  died  May  19,  1846.  in  West 
Boylston.  Mass. 

Thomas,  Robert  Harper,  journalist,  was 
born  Jan.  8.  1834.  in  I'liiladeli)liia.  Pa.  In 
1870  he  purchased  the  Valley  Democrat  of 
Meclianicsbnrg,  changing  the  name  to  the 
lii(lei)endent  Journal,  and  subsequently  to 
the  Farmer's  Friend  and  Grange  Advocate. 
He  was  commissioner  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  World's  industrial  and  cotton  centennial 
exhibition  at  New  Orleans  in  1884-85 ;  and 
also  to  the  American  exposition  at  London 
in  1887. 

Thomas,  Robert  Young,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Logan  county,  Ky.  lie  was 
educated  at  Bethel  college  of  Russellville, 
Ky..  and  received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and 
A.M.  He  is  a  lawyer  by  profession:  and  in 
1886  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  state 
legislature.  He  was  comniouwealth  attorney 
for  the  seventh  judicial  district  when  nomi- 
imted  for  congress.  In  1909-15  be  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Kentucky  to  the  sixty-first, 
sixty-second  and  sixty-tliird  congresses  as  a 
(lemocrat. 

Thomas,  S.  Seymour,  painter,  artist.  He 
exhibited  at  Paris  in  1892;  and  at  Phila- 
(leli)hia  in  1893-94.  His  best  known  picture 
is  An  Innocent  Victim. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


443 


Thomas,  Samuel,  soldier,  railroad  presi- 
<loiit,  was  born  April  27,  1840,  iu  Soutli 
Point,  Ohio.  During  the  civil  war  he  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  was  a  successful  financier  <in(l 
railroad  president.  He  died  Jan.  11.  1903, 
in  New  York  City. 

Thomas,  Seth,  clock  manufacturer,  was 
born  Doc.  1,  1816,  in  Thomaston,  Conn.  The 
iSeth  'J'homas  clock  company  was  organized 
in  1853  in  Thomaston,  Conn.  When  the  com- 
pany was  incorporated,  he  became  its  secre- 
tary, eventually  rising  to  be  president.  The 
clock  works  are  yet  the  principal  industry 
of  the  village.  He  died  April  27,  1888,  in 
Thomaston,  Conn. 

Thomas,  Stephen,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  Dec.  6,  1S09,  in  Beth- 
el, Vt.  He  served  in  the  Vermont  legisla- 
ture in  1838-39  and  1845-46;  was  state  sen- 
ator in  1848-49  ;  register  of  the  probate  court 
of  Orange  county  in  1842-46  ;  and  judge  of 
Ihe  same  iu  1847-49.  He  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers;  and  in  1867- 
68  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Vermont.  In 
1870-77  he  was  United  States  pension  agent ; 
and  since  then  has  engaged  in  farming  ni 
Vermont,     lie  died  in  ^'ermont. 

Thomas,  Theodore,  musician,  compose^^ 
was  born  Oct.  11,  1835,  in  Germany.  He 
was  elected  conductor  of  the  Brooklyn  phil- 
harmonic society  in  1862  ;  and  became  con- 
ductor of  the  New  York  philharmonic  soci- 
ety in  1877  ;  and  held  these  two  positions  al- 
most continuously  until  1891,  when  he  moved 
to  Chicago.  In  1891  he  became  conductor 
of  the  Chicago  orchestra.  He  was  musical 
director  at  the  World's  Columbian  exposition. 
He  died  Jan.  4.  1905,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Thomas,  Theodore  Gaillard,  physioian, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  21,  1831,  in  Edisto 
Island.  S.C.  He  was  professor  of  obstetrics 
and  diseases  of  women  in  the  college  of  physi- 
cians and  surgeons  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Diseases  of  Women  ;  au.l 
AI)orlion  and  Its  Treatment.  He  died  in 
1903  in  New  York  City. 

Thomas,  Thomas,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Dec.  23.  1812.  in  England.  In 
1849-55  he  was  |)resideut  of  Hanover  col- 
lege. II.-  died  Feb.  ?,.  1875,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 

Thomas,  William  Auhrey,  manufactur('r, 
congressMian.  was  born  June  7.  1866.  in 
Wales.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Niles,  Ohio;  was  a  student  for 
two  years  at  the  Mount  Union  college  of  Al- 
liance. Ohio;  and  later  studied  at  the  Rens- 
selaer polyterhnic  institute  of  Troy.  N.Y. 
For  some  years  he  v.as  manager  of  the  Thom- 
as furnace  of  N'iles,  Ohio;  and  later  became 
interested  in  otiier  iron  industries.  He  was 
elected  to  the  fifty-eighth  congress  to  fill  a 
vacancy;  and  in  1905-11  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Ohio  to  the  lifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and 
sixty-first  congresses  as  a  repid)li<an. 

Thomas,  William  Davy,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Jan.  5.  1844,  in 
(Jreat  P.ritain.  He  is  president  of  La  Cross 
college  of  Wisconsin. 


Thomas,  William  Henry,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  5.  1824,  in  Portland, 
Maine.  He  was  the  author  of  Life  in  the 
East  Indies ;  A  Whaleman's  Adventures  ;  A 
Slaver's  Adventures  ;  Punning  the  Blockade  ; 
The  Belle  of  Australia  ;  On  Land  and  Sea  ; 
Lewey  and  I ;  and  Ocean  Hovers.  He  died 
March  7.  1895,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Thomas,  William  Isaac,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  13.  1863,  in  Russell  county, 
Va.  Since  1900  he  has  been  an  associate 
professor  of  sociology  at  the  university  of 
Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of  Sex  and  So- 
ciety. 

Thomas,  William  S.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  13,  1858,  in  Pittsburg,  I'a.  Since 
1889  he  has  practiced  law  in  Pittsburg,  Pa. 
He  is  the  author  of  Hunting  Big  Game 
with  Gun  and  Kodac. 

Thomas,  William  Sturgis,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  iu  1871  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
He  received  his  medical  degree  from  the  med- 
ical department  of  the  George  Washington 
university,  and  spent  six  years  in  the  New 
York  hospitals.  He  served  through  the  Span- 
ish-American war  as  assistant  surgeon  in  the 
United  States  navy.  He  resigned  in  1898 
and  became  chief  of  the  surgical  clinic  of  St. 
Luke's  hospital  of  New  York  City  and  served 
as  such  for  twelve  years,  and  is  now  exam- 
inim:  surgeon  to  that  institution  and  con- 
sulting physician  to  the  New  York  home  for 
convalescents. 

Thomas,  William  Widgery,  diplomat,  au- 
tlior,  lawyer,  legislator,  was  born  Aug.  26, 
1839,  in  Portland.  :\laine.  He  graduated  in 
1860  from  Bowdoin  college  with  the  liigli- 
est  honors.  In  the  spring  of  1862  as 
United  States  bearer  of  dispatches  he  car- 
ried a  treaty  to  Turkey;  became  vice- 
consul-general  at  Constantinople;  after- 
ward was  acting  consul  at  Galatz,  ^lolda- 
via;  and  was  appointed  later  consul 
at  Gothenburg,  Sweden;  and  served  until 
the  close  of  1865.  when  he  resigned.  He 
received  for  his  services  as  consul  the  spe- 
cial thanks  of  the  department  of  state.  He 
was  admitted  to  tlie  :Mainc  bar  in  1866.  In 
1870  he  was  commissioner  of  immigration 
for  Maine;  and  visited  Sweden,  bringing 
back  fifty-one  Swedish  colonists  and  set- 
tling theni  in  forests  of  northern  INIaine, 
founding  the  nourishing  settlement  of  New 
Sweden.  lie  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
state  legislature  in  1873-7.');  was  speaker  in 
1874-75;  and  state  senator  in  1870.  He  was 
])resident  of  the  Maine  repvd)licau  conven- 
tion in  1875;  was  a  deh'gate  to  the  nation- 
al republican  convention  in  1880;  and  was 
three  times  Unit<Ml  States  minister  to  Swe- 
den and  Norway  in  1883-85,  ]88!)-94  and 
since  1807.  lie  is  a  lecturer  and  author  on 
Sweden  and  Norway;  and  his  large  histori- 
cal work.  Sweden  and  the  Swedes  is  pub- 
lished  in  both  .\merica  and  Sweden,  in  both 
the  English   and  the  Swedish  languages. 

Thomas,  Zadok  W.,  lawyer,  businessman, 
was  born  .Mav  18.  1856,  in  Damascus,  Ohio. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Penn  college  of  Os- 


444 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


kaloosa,  Iowa;  and  at  the  state  university 
of  Iowa.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer  and 
real  estate  broker  of  Fort  Dodge,  Iowa;  and 
proprietor  of  the  Webster  county  abstract, 
land  and  loan  office  of  that  city.  He  has 
been  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Fort 
Dodge,   Iowa. 

Thomasson,  William  P.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Henry  county, 
Ky.  He  was  elected  to  the  Indiana  state 
legislature  from  Corydon.  He  moved  to 
Louisville,  Ky. ;  was  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  twenty-eighth  and  twenty- 
ninth  congresses  in  1843-47.  He  afterward 
went  to  Chicago,  111.,  where  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  his  profession  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war,  when  he 
served  in  the  union  armj'  as  a  colonel  of 
volunteers.     He  died  in  Chicago,  III. 

Thome,  John  M.,  astronomer,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  22,  1843,  in  Palmyra,  N.Y.  In 
1870  he  graduated  from  Lehigh  university. 
He  became  assistant  astronomer  on  the 
stall  of  Dr.  Could,  who  wejit  to  Cordoba  in 
that  year  to  found  the  national  Argentine 
astronomical  observatory.  During  the  first 
Hftccn  years  he  took  a  prominent  part  in 
the  elaboration  of  various  astronomical 
I)ublications,  notably  A  Uranometrj'  of  the 
.Southern  Heavens,  and  Fifteen  Catalogues 
ff  Stellar  Positions;  and  also  made  a  long 
series  of  comet  and  planet  observations. 
Since  1885  he  has  been  director  of  the  na- 
tional Argentine  observatory;  and  has  pro- 
duced three  volumes  of  the  Cordoba  Durch- 
mastering  an  atlas  and  catalogue  contain- 
ing every  star  to  the  tenth  magnitude  sit- 
uated in  the  region  between  twenty-two  and 
sixty-two  degrees  of  south  declination.  For 
this  work  he  received  the  Laland  prize  from 
the  institute  of  France.  He  is  actively  en- 
gaged upon  the  photographic  zone  assigned 
to  the  observatory  by  the  international  con- 
gress of  astronomers.  Since  1878  he  has 
also  been  United  States  vice-consul  in  Cor- 
doba,   Argentine    Republic,    South    America. 

Thomes,  Walton  True,  educator,  was  born 
April  25,  1800,  in  Ldina,  Mo.  In  1891  he 
founded  the  Joplin  business  college  of  Mis- 
souri, which  has  become  under  his  able  man- 
agement one  of  the  leading  commercial  col- 
leges of  the  state. 

Thompson,  Adele  E.,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  Middlefield,  Oliio.  She  is  the 
author  of  Beck's  Fortune;  Betty  Sheldon, 
Patriot;  Brave  Heart  Elizabeth;  A  Lassie 
of  the  Isles;    and   Polly  of  the   Pines. 

Thompson,  Albert,  litterateur,  artist,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  18,  1853,  in  Woburn, 
Mass.  Among  his  works,  mainly  land- 
scapes, and  cattle  pieces,  are  After  the 
Shower;  Clearing  Up;  More  Wind  than 
Rain,  in  Woburn  public  library;  Changing 
Pasture;  An  October  Afternoon;  and  sev- 
eral historical  subjects.  He  is  the  author 
of  Principles  of  Perspective. 

Thompson,  Albert  Clifton,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jinist.  congressMiiin,  was  born  dan.  23,  1842, 
in  Brookville,  Pa.     He  served  in  the  union 


army,  rising  from  the  rank  of  sergeant  to 
that  of  captain.  In  1865  he  moved  to  Ports- 
mouth, Ohio;  was  probate  judge  of  Scioto 
county  in  1869-72;  and  in  1882  was  elected 
judge  of  the  common  pleas  for  the  second 
subdivision  of  the  seventh  judicial  district 
of  Ohio.  In  1885-91  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Ohio  to  the  forty-ninth,  hftieth 
and  fifty-first  congresses  as  a  republican. 
In  1898  he  was' commissioned  district  judge 
of  the  United  States  court  for  the  southern 
district  of  Ohio. 

Thompson,  Alexander  Ramsay,  soldier, 
was  born  in  1794.  During  the  war  with 
Great  Britain  he  took  part  in  Gen.  James 
Wilkinson's  expedition  down  the  St.  Law- 
rence and  in  the  defense  of  Plattsburg  and 
other  operations  on  Lake  Champlain,  being 
promoted  captain  of  infantry  in  1814.  He 
became  lieutenant-colonel  in  1837 ;  and  in 
the  war  with  the  Seminole  Indians  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Okeechobee  while 
leading  his  regiment  in  a  desperate  charge. 
He  died  Dec.  25,  1837,  in  IManatee  county, 
Fla. 

Thompson,  Alexander  Ramsay,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1822,  in  New 
Vork  City.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergy- 
man of  New  York  City.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Christianitj'  and  Patriotism;  Cast- 
ing Down  Imaginations;  and  nianv  hymns. 
He  died  Feb.  7.  1895,  in  Summit,  N.J. 

Thompson,  Alfred  WordiwortlT^  painter, 
artist,  was  born  May  27,  1840,  in  Baltimore, 
I\Id.  He  has  traveled  at  various  times  in 
all  parts  of  Europe,  Asia  Minor  and  north- 
ern Africa ;  and  his  pictures  cover  a  wide 
range  of  subjects,  oriental  and  American, 
including  landscapes,  genre  pieces  and  mili- 
tary scenes.  They  include  Desolation;  Lost 
in  the  Forest;  Annapolis  in  1776,  owned  by 
the  Bufialo  Fine  Arts  academy;  A  Twilight 
in  Corsica ;  The  jNlarket  Place  in  Biskra ; 
The  Hour  of  Prayer;  and  The  Advance  of 
the  Enemy.     He  died  in   1896. 

Thompson,  Andrew  Anderson,  banker, 
statesman,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1880,  in 
Uniontown.  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the 
])ublic  schools  of  his  native  city;  and  in 
1902  graduated  from  Washington  and  Jef- 
ferson college.  Since  1902  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  first  national  bank  of 
Uniontown,  Pa. ;  and  is  also  engaged  as  a 
coal  operator.  Since  1901  he  has  been  a 
representative  from  Fayette  county  in  the 
Pennsylvania  state  legislature;  and  is  now 
serving  his  second  term.  He  is  the  young- 
est member  in  the  Pennsylvania  hovise  of 
representatives;  and  is  the  youngest  repre- 
sentative ever  elected   to  fill   that   position. 

Thompson,  Augustine,  physician,  surgeon, 
founder,  was  Ixirn  in  Union,  jMaine,  Diirins 
the  civil  war  he  raised  his  own  company  and 
was  made  captain.  He  was  commended  for 
services  at  Donaldsville,  La.:  and  l)n'vetted 
lieutenant-colonel.  He  was  a  iirominent  jiliv- 
sician  of  Boston.  Mass. ;  and  originated  the 
Moxie  nerve  food  company.   ' 


HERRIMGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


•145 


Thompson,  Augustus  Charles,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  April  30,  1812,  in  Gosh.in, 
Conn.  Since  1842  he  was  pastor  of  the  Eliot 
church  at  Roxbury,  Mass.  lie  \\as  the  au- 
thor of  Lyra  Cojlestis,  or  llymus  on  HeaviMi  ; 
Christian's  Consolation  ;  Songs  in  the  Night ; 
The  Mercy  Seat ;  Foreign  Missions  ;  Moravi- 
an Missions;  Future  Probation  and  Foreign 
Missions;  Our  Kirtiidays;  Protestant  Mis- 
sions; Young  iNIartyrs;  Morning  Hours  in 
Patmos ;  The  Better  Land ;  Seeds  and 
Sheaves.  He  died  in  1901  in  Roxbury,  Mas?. 
Thompson,  Benjamin,  philosopher,  econo- 
niist,  was  born  March  26,  1753.  in  Woburn, 
Mass.  He  gave  to  science  many  endow- 
ments, both  in  discoveries  and  wealth  ;  and 
it  is  a  matter  of  national  pride  that  the  two 
men,  Benjamin  Franklin  and  Benjamin 
Thompson,  who  first  demonstrated  the  capi- 
tal propositions  of  pure  science,  in  regard  to 
liglitning  and  electricity,  were  Americans  by 
birth  and  by  education.  He  died  Aug.  21, 
1814. 

Thompson,  Benjamin,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  boru  August  5,  1798,  in 
Charlestown,  Mass.  He  was  several  times  a 
representative  in  the  Massachusetts  state  leg- 
islature. In  1845-47  and  1851-53  he  was  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
twenty-ninth  and  thirty-second  congresses. 
He  died  Sept.  24.  1852.  in  Cliarlestown, 
Mass. 

Thompson,  Cephas,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  July  1.  1775.  in  Middleborough,  Mass. 
His  profession  was  that  of  a  portrait-paint- 
er; and  he  made  yearly  tours  in  the  south, 
painting  in  all  the  cities  from  Philadelphia 
to  New  Orleans.  Among  his  portraits  were 
those  of  John  irarshall.  Stephen  Decatur, 
David  Ramsay  of  South  Carolina.  Jolm 
Howard  Payne,  and  George  ^Vaslungton 
Parke  Curtis,  who  was  his  pupil.  He  died 
Nov.   C,   1856.    in    Middleborough.    Mas.s. 

Thompson,  Cephas  Giovanni,  artist,  was 
born  Aug.  3.  1809x  in  Middleborough.  Mass. 
Besides  many  portraits  and  copies  from  the 
old  masters,  he  lias  piiinted  Angel  of  Truth; 
Guardian  Angels  of  Infancy ;  Brigand's 
Daughter;  and  Mother's  Prayer.  Hi-  died  in 
New  York  City. 

Thompson,  Charles  C.  B.,  naval  officer, 
was  I". Ill  ill  1786  in  Virginia.  During  the 
war  of  1812  he  rendered  distinguished  serv- 
ice in  tlie  defence  of  New  Orleans.  He  was 
promoted  captain  in  1825 ;  and  commanded 
the  Pacific  squadron  in  1828-31.  He  died 
Sept.  2,  1832.  in   Hot  Spriniis.  Va. 

Thompson,  Charles  Lemuel,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Aug.  18,  1839,  in  Allen- 
town,  I'a.  He  has  been  pastor  of  the  Mad- 
ison avenue  presbyterian  clinrch  of  New 
York  City  since  1888;  and  since  1898  has 
been  secretary  of  the  presbyterian  board  of 
home  missions.  He  is  autlior  of  Times  of 
Refreshing;  A  History  of  American  Revi- 
vals; Etchings  in  Verse;  and  The  Story  of 
the   Presbyterian    Clmnh. 

Thompson,  Charles  Miner,  journalist,  au- 
thor,  was   born   .March   24.   1864,   in   Montpe- 


iier,  Vt.  Since  1890  he  has  been  associate 
editor  of  Youth's  Companion.  He  is  on  the 
editorial  staff  of  The  Youth's  Companion. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Nimble  Dollar,  with 
Other  Stories  ;  and  The  Calico  Cat. 

Thompson,  Charles  Nebeker,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  boru  July  7,  1861,  in  Covington, 
Ind,  He  is  counsel  and  director  of  the  Ma- 
rion trust  company  ;  and  many  other  large 
financial  corporations  of  Indiana.  In  1900- 
04  he  was  a  member  of  the  Indiana  state 
senate.  He  is  the  author  of  Thompson  on 
Building  Associations. 

Thompson,  Charles  P.,  law^yer,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  July  30,  1827. 
in  Braintree.  Mass.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  state  legislature  in  1871-72. 
In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  forty-fourth  congress 
as  a  democrat.  He  died  Jan.  19,  1894,  in 
Gloucester,  Mass. 

Thompson,  Charles  Robinson,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Maine.  In  1861-63  he  served  in  the 
civil  war ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Oct.  3, 
1894,    in    San   Francisco,    Cal. 

Thompson,  Charles  Winston,  banker,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  30,  1860,  in  Macon 
county,  Ala.  In  1890  he  was  county  superin- 
tendent of  instruction  ;  has  been  a  member 
of  Governor  .Johnson's  staff ;  and  since  its 
organization  has  been  president  of  the  bank 
of^  Tuskegee,  Ala.  In  1897-1901  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Alabama  state  senate.  In 
1901-04  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- 
seventh  and  fifty-eighth  congresses  from  Ala- 
bama. He  died  March  21,  1904,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Thompson,  Daniel  Greenleaf,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  9,  1850,  in  Montpelier, 
Vt.  He  was  the  author  of  First  Book  in 
Latin  ;  A  System  of  Psychology  ;  The  Prob- 
lem of  Evil  ;  The  Religious  Sentiments  of 
the  Human  Mind  ;  Social  Progress ;  Philoso- 
l)hy  of  Fiction  in  Literature ;  Politics  in  a 
Democracy;  and  Woman's  New  Opportunity. 
He  died  July  10.  1897,  in  New  York  City. 

Thompson,  Daniel  Pierce,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  ()<i.  1.  1795,  in  Charlestown,  Mass. 
In  1823  he  removed  to  Montiielier.  Vt. ;  was 
judge  of  probate  in  1837-40;  clerk  of  the  'su- 
preme and  county  courts  in  1843-45;  and 
secretary  of  state  in  1853-55.  He  was  the 
iuitlior  of  (iaut  Gnrley  ;  May  Martin;  Green 
Mountain  Boys;  Locke  Amsden  ;  Lucy  Hos- 
mer;  The  Doomed  Cjiief ;  The  Rangers; 
Tales  of  the  Green  Mountains;  Centeloa.  and 
Otlu-r  Tales;  and  History  of  Montpelier. 
He  died  June  6.  1868.  in   .Montpelier.  Vt. 

Thompson,  David  Decamp,  journalist,  au- 
tlior. was  born  .\|iril  29.  1852,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  Since  1901  lie  has  been  editor  of  the 
Xurlhwestein  Christian  .Vdvocate.  He  is  the 
author  of  Abiahani  Lincoln  the  First  Amer- 
ican ;  and  John  Wesley  as  a  Social  Re- 
former. 

Thompson,  David  P.,  state  senator.  di|>- 
lomat.  governor,  was  born  Nov.  8.  1834.  in 
Cadiz.    Ohio.      He    was   in    the   Oregon   stale 


446 


HERRINGSHAWS  T^IBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


senate  in  1866-72  ;  and  in  1878  served  in  the 
lower  liouse  of  the  state  legislature.  In 
1874-76  he  was  governor  of  Idaho  territory. 
In  1880-82  he  was  maj-or  of  Portland  ;  ana 
was  United  States  minister  to  Turkey  in  1892- 
93.  He  died  Dec.  14,  1901,  in  rartland, 
Oregon. 

Thompson,  Denman,  actor,  comedian, 
dramatist,  was  born  in  1833  in  Girard,  I*a. 
He  took  up  comedy  and  starred  in  Joshua 
Wliitcomb,  a  play  of  his  own  ;  and  this  play 
was  afterward  remodeled  as  the  Old  Home- 
stead. He  died  April  14.  1911,  in  West 
Swanzey,  N.H. 

Thompson,  Edward  R.,  naval  ofTicer,  was 
born  about  1808  in  Peuusylvauia.  He  en- 
tered the  navy  as  a  midshipman  in  1826 ; 
became  a  lieutenant  in  1837 ;  and  served 
during  the  Mexican  war.  In  1867  his  rank 
was  raised  to  that  of  commodore.  He  died 
Feb.   12.   1879.   in   Philadelphia.   I'a. 

Thompson,  Edwin,  clergyman,  reformer, 
was  born  in  .July.  1809,  in  Lynn,  Mass. 
While  speaking  in.  New  Bedford,  he  roused 
Frederick  Douglass  to  take  up  active  work  in 
behalf  of  his  race.  He  was  also  interested 
from  an  early  period  in  the  temperance  re- 
form, which  he  did  much  to  promote.  He 
died  May  22.  1888.  in  East  Walpole.  Mass. 
Thompson,  Egbert,  naval  officer,  was  born 
June  6.  1820,  in  New  York  City.  He  served 
in  the  Me.xican  and  civil  wars,  and  attained 
the  rank  of  commander.  He  died  Jan.  5, 
1881.   in  ^Vnshinulon.  D.C. 

Thompson,  Eliza  Jane  Trimble,  temper- 
ance crusader,  author,  was  born  Aug.  24, 
1816,  in  Hillsboro,  Ohio.  She  was  the  lead- 
er of  the  first  woman's  crusade  band  in  tlie 
temperance  cause  in  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  Dec. 
24,  1873.  She  is  the  author  of  Crusade 
Sketches;   and  Family  Records. 

Thompson,  Elizabeth,  philanthropist,  was 
born  Feb.  21.  1S21,  in  Lyndon,  \'t.  She 
bought  three  thousand  acres  at  the  foot  of 
the  Ilocky  mountains  near  Denver,  where, 
bj'  erecting  public  buildings,  she  formed  a 
nucleus  for  a  nourishing  settlement.  It  is 
said  that  she  gave  more  than  fifteen  farms 
to  persons  worthv  of  her  gifts.  She  died 
July  21.    1890.   in"  Littleton,  N.H. 

Thompson,  Emma,  author,  poet.  She  is 
the  (laughter  of  Edward  Davison,  a  promi- 
nent   merchant    in    I'uenos   Ayres,    and   also 

at  one  time  American 
I-  mAA.  minister     to     what   is 

I         wTSS^  "fw      the     Argentine 

Itepublic.  She  lived 
many  years  in  Buenos 
Ayres;  and  has  trav- 
eled extensively  in 
lOurope,  residing  in 
Brittany  for  the  pur- 
pose of  studying  the 
jieople  and  legends, 
resulting  in  the  au- 
iliorshi])  of  a  volume 
on  Brittany,  beauti- 
fully illusl rated  She  was  the  author  of 
Wit  and  Wisdom  of  Don  Quixote;  and  Wit 


,  lawyer,  legislator, 
Oct.     16,     1833,    in 
thorough 


and  Wisdom  of  Charles  Dickens;  and  other 
works. 

Thompson,  Mrs.  Ella  Mason,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  in  Massachusetts.  She 
was  a  writer  of  Newton,  Mass.  She  w'as  the 
author  of  Beaten  Paths,  or  Woman's  Vaca- 
tion. 

Thompson,  Francis  M 
antiquarian,  was  born 
Colevain,    ^lass.      He    received    a 

education  in  the  com- 
mon and  select  schools 
and  at  the  Williston 
seminary.  He  is  one 
of  the  foremost  law- 
yers of  New  England 
at  Greenfield,  Mass. ; 
has  been  town  clerk, 
town  treasurer,  asses- 
sor, selectman,  and 
was  a  member  of  the 
first  li'gislature  of 
^lontana.  Since  1899 
he  has  been  judge  of 
the  probate  court  for  the  county  of  Frank- 
lin; and  was  previouslj^  register  of  probate 
and  insolvency  since  1870.  He  has  con- 
tributed extensively  to  current  literature; 
is  a  noted  anti(|uarian ;  and  the  autnor  of 
The  History  of  Greenfield  and  of  other  vaiu-- 
able   historical   papers   and   addresses. 

Thompson,  Frderic  Diodati,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  17,  ISJO,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1903  he  was  Turkish  commis- 
sioner to  the  world's  Columbian  exposition ; 
and  in  1902  was  created  a  Roman  count. 
He  was  the  author  of  On  the  Track  of  the 
Sun.      He  died   in    1900  in   New  York. 

Thompson,  George  Kramer,  designer,  arch- 
itect, was  born  in  Dubuque,  Iowa.  He  is 
one  of  the  most  prominent  architects  in  the 
United  States;  and  has  ei"ected  some  of  its 
finest  buildings.  He  was  architect  of  the 
?^Ianhattan  life  building,  the  Standard  Oil 
building,  the  Empire  building  and  other 
noted  buildings  and  blocks  of  New  Y^'ork 
City. 

Thompson,  George  Washington,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  author,  was  born  May 
14,  1806,  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio.  He  was 
United  States  district  attorney  for  Virginia 
in  1840.  In  1851-53  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Virginia  to  the  thirty-second  con- 
gress; and  left  congress  for  the  bench.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Living  Forces  of  the 
Universe,  in  1800;  Address  on  the  Common 
Schools,  1841;  Right  of  Virginia  to  the 
Northwest  Territory ;  and  Life  of  Linn 
Boyd.  He  died  Feb.'  24,  1888,  in  Wheeling, 
W.Va. 

Thompson,  Gilbert,  soldier,  civil  engineer, 
top()gra|iher,  was  born  ^larch  21,  1839,  in 
North  IJlackstone,  Mass.  During  the  civil 
Mar  he  served  as  a  soldier  and  assistant 
engim'er.  Since  1800  he  has  been  engaged 
on  western  explorations  and  surveys;  and 
is  topographer  for  the  United  States  geo- 
logical  survey. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


447 


Thompson,  Hedge,  congressman,  was  born 
in  177'J  in  Saloia,  X.J.  In  1827-28  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  Jersey  to  tlie 
twentieth  congress.  He  died  July  20,  1828, 
in    SaU'm,    N.J. 

Thompson,  Helen  Bradford,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  0,  1874,  in  Chicago,  III. 
Since  1902  she  has  been  professor  of  psy- 
chology and  director  of  the  psychological 
luhoratorv  at  Mount  Holyoke  college.  She 
is  the  author  of  The  Mental  Traits  of  Sex. 
Thompson,  Henry  Adams,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  horn  .March  2.i,  18:57,  in  Storms- 
town,    Pa.      He    graduated    from    Jetlerson 

college;  was  a  student 
at  the  Western  theo- 
logical seminary  of 
Pennsylvania ;  and 
has  received  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  D.D. 
and  LL.D.  In  1872- 
86  he  Avas  president 
of  Otterhein  univer- 
sity. He  has  been  a 
candidate  for  con- 
gress, 


lieutenant-gov- 


ernor and  governor  of 
OJiio;  and  in  187G 
was  nominated  for  vice-president.  In  1893- 
97  he  was  editor  of  the  Sunday  school  lit- 
erature of  the  united  brethren  church.  He 
is  tlie  author  of  Schools  of  the  Prophets; 
Power  of  the  Invisible;  Our  B. shops;  and 
Bible   Study  and  Devotion. 

Thompson,  Henry  Dallas,  educator,  mathe- 
matician, autlior,  was  h(H-n  Aug.  24,  18G4, 
in  Metuchen,  N.J.  Since  1894  Jie  has  been 
professor  of  mathematics  at  Princeton  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  Elementary 
fciolid  CJeometry  and  Mensuration;  and  Co- 
ordinate (ieometiy. 

Thompson,  Henry  Elmer,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  VorU.  In  1802  he  was  captain  in 
the  si.xth  regiment  Micliigan  infantry;  and 
in  18()5  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  was  honorably  discharged 
in   1804. 

Thompson,  Hugh  Miller,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, author,  was  Ijorn  .lune  5,  1830,  in  Ire- 
land. In  1883  he  was  consecrated  coadjutor 
bishop;  and  became  protestant  episcopal 
bishop  of  Mississippi  in  1887.  He  was  the 
author  of  I'nity  and  Its  Restoration;  Copy, 
a  collection  of  essays;  Sin  and  Its  Penalty; 
First  Principles;  The  World  and  the  Lo- 
gos; The  World  and  the  Kingdom;  The 
World  and  the  Man;  The  World  and  the 
Wrest  hrs;  Absolution;  Is  Uomanisni  the 
Best  Religion  for  the  Public?,  and  Kingdom 
of  (Jod.  lie  died  Nov.  10,  1902,  in  .lack- 
sou.    Mi-^s. 

Thompson,  Hugh  Smith,  soldier,  educator, 
goveinor,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1830,  in 
(  harlestou,  S.(.'.  He  served  in  tin;  confed- 
erate army  as  an  ollicer  of  the  corps  of 
cadets.  In  1805  he  was  elected  principal 
of  the  Columbia  male  academy.  In  1870-82 
he  was  state  siiperintendent  of  education. 
In    1882-80    he    was   the    forty-seventh    gov- 


ernor of  South  Carolina.  In  1886  he  became 
assistant  secretary  of  the  treasury;  in  1889- 
92  was  a  number  of  the  civil  service  com- 
mission, and  in  1892  became  comptroller 
of  New  York  life  insurance  company.  He 
died  in   1904    in  New  York  City. 

Thompson,  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
jrressman,  was  born  Oct.  1,  1806,  in  Middle- 
sex, I*a.  He  was  elected  to  the  assembly 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1832-34,  presiding  during 
the  last  session  as  speaker.  In  184.5-51  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-ninth, 
thirtieth  and  thirty-first  congresses.  In  1857- 
67  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  I'ennsylvania  ;  and  in  1867-72  was 
chief  justice.  He  died  in  1879  in  Petersburg, 
Va. 

Thompson,  Jacob,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, aovernor,  cabinet  officer,  was  boiu 
May  15,  1810.  in  Caswell,  N,C.     In  1839-51 

he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Mi.ssissi))pi 
to  the  twenty-sixth, 
twenty-seventh,  twen- 
ty-eighth, twenty- 
ninth,  thirtieth  and 
thirty- first  congresses. 
In  1857-61  he  was  sec- 
retary of  the  interior ; 
he  joined  the  rebellion  ; 
served  as  nineteentli 
governor  of  Mississij)- 
pi  in  1862 ;  and  was 
in  the  insurgent  army, 
lie  (lied  March  24.  1885.  in  Memphis,  Teun. 

Thompson,  Jerome,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Jan.  30.  1814,  in  Middleborough,  Mass. 
He  painted  both  landscapes  and  figures  with 
success,  his  best-known  works  being  Kem- 
iuiscences  of  M'lnnt  Mansfield;  The  Old 
Oaken  Bucket;  Home,  Sweet  Home;  and 
Woodman,  Spare  That  Tree.  He  died  May 
1,  18SG.   in  Clcn  Gardner,  N.J. 

Thompson,  Joel,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man. In  1813-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirteenth  congress, 
having  i)ri'viously  served  three  years  in  the 
state  assembly.  He  died  in  Chenango  coun- 
ty. New  York. 

Thompson,  John,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Stillwater,  N.Y.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  New  York  assembly  in  1788- 
89.  1802,  1827,  and  1841.  In  1799-1801  au-l 
1807-11  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  sixth,'  tenth  and  eleventh  con- 
gresses.    He  dii'd    in    Outchess  county.    N.Y. 

Thompson,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.     He  was 
a    citizen    of    the    territory    of    Orleans. 
1808    he    was    aiipointed    United    States 
trict  jud;:e  for  the  territory  of  Orleans, 
died  in  Louisiana. 

Thompson,     John,    jxilitical     writer. 


In 

dis- 
Ile 

was 
born  in  1777.  He  was  the  author  of  articles 
signed  Casca  and  Gracchus  in  the  Peters- 
burg Gazette,  in  which  he  attacked  John 
Adams'  administration;  and  al.so  of  letters 
si-ned  Cnrtins.  addressed  to  Chief-Justice 
John    Marshall    in    1798,    which    were    issued 


448 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


in  book-form.  He  died  in  1799,  in  Peters- 
burg, Va. 

Thompson,  John,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  July  4,  1809,  in  lihinebeck.  N.Y. 
In  1857-59  he  was  a  representative  from  Now 
York  to  the  thirty-fifth  congress.  He  died  in 
New  York. 

Thompson,  John  Burton,  congressman, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Dec.  14, 
1810,  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.  In  1839-43  and 
1847-51  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  twenty-sixth,  twenty-seventh, 
thirtieth  and  tldrty-first  congresses.  In  1853- 
59  he  was  United  States  senator.  He  died 
Jan.  7.  1874,  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky. 

Thompson,  John  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  12,  1862,  in  Kossville,  111.  He  was 
educated  in  the  common  schools  of  his  na- 
tive city ;  and  in  1882  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  university  of  Michi- 
gan. In  1882  ho  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
Danville,  111.  In  1888-90  he  was  state's  at- 
torney from  Vermilion  county,  111. ;  and  in 
1890-97  was  judge  of  the  same  county. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  assistant  attorney  gen- 
eral of  the  United   States. 

Thompson,  John  Gilbert,  educator,  was 
born  June  23,  1862,  in  New  Bedford,  iMass. 
In  1886  he  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege, and  has  since  attained  eminence  as  a 
successful  educator.  He  has  been  superin- 
tendent of  schools,  and  is  now  principal  of 
the  state  normal  school  of  Fitcliburg,  Mass. 

Thompson,  John  Leverett,  soldier,  was 
born  Feb.  2,  1835,  in  Plymouth,  N.H.  He 
served  first  with  the  army  of  the  Potomac  ; 
and  in  1864  with  Sheridan  in  the  Shenan- 
doah valley,  taking  part  in  many  engage- 
ments, and  at  the  close  of  the  war  received 
the  brevet  of  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  was  connected  with  the  work  of  the  Citi- 
zens' association ;  and  was  president  of  the 
Union  league  club  of  Chicago.  He  died 
Jan.  31,  1888,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Thompson,  John  M.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  4,  1829,  in  Butler 
county,  Pa.  He  served  two  terms  as  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  Penn.sylvania  legislature, 
the  last  term  as  speaker.  In  1873-75  and 
1877-79  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  forty-third  and  forty-fifth 
congresses  as  a  rei)id)lican.  In  1872  he  was 
a    presidential    elrctor. 

i?hompson,  John  Milton,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  1,  1842,  in  Lebanon,  N.H.  In  1861 
he  enlisted  as  a  i)rivate  in  the  seventh  regi- 
ment New  Hampsliire  infantry  ;  and  in  1SC3 
was  made  capitain  in  the  tJiirty-third  Unilcd 
States  infantry.  In  1901  he  became  colonel  ; 
and  in  1903  was  retired  with  the  rank  of 
lu'igadicr-.jencral  of  the  Ilnited  States  army. 

Thompson,  John  R.,  businessman,  found- 
er, was  born  Nov.  13,  1865,  in  Vermillion 
county,  111.  In  1887  he  started  a  general 
store  in  Fitbian,  111.;  and  in  1891  engaged 
in  the  restaurant  business  in  Chicago.  111.  He 
now  owns  and  manages  several  restaurants 
in  tlic  business  district  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
has  a   large  stock  farm  in  Libertyvillo,   111.; 


and  is  president  of  the  Libertyville  trorting 
association. 

Thompson,  John  Reuben,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, author,  poet,  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  Oct.  23,  1823,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.  He  was  was  a  journalist  and 
lawyer  of  Richmond,  Va. ;  and  editor  of  the 
Southern  Literary  Messenger  in  1847-59.  In 
1853-57  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died  April  30,  1873,  in  New  York  City. 

Thompson,*'Jonathan,  merchant,  banker, 
was  born  Dec.  7,  1773,  in  Sagtikos  Manor, 
L.I.  He  was  collector  of  direct  taxes  and  in- 
ternal revenue  for  the  state  of  New  Y^ork 
during  the  war  of  1812-15  ;  and  was  collector  of 
( ustoms  of  the  port  of  New  York  in  1820-29. 
He  died  Dec.   30,   1846,   in   New   York   City. 

Thompson,  Joseph  Addison,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1860,  in 
Uoss  Grove,  111.  Since  1886  he  has  fi'ied 
pastorates  in  the  United  presbyterian  chui'cli. 
Since  1887  he  has  been  president  of  Tarkio 
college  of  Missouri. 

Thompson^  Joseph  B.,  congressman,  law- 
yer, was  born  April  29,  1871,  in  Grayson 
county,  Tex.  He  has  been  United  Stales 
commissioner;  and  is  now  practicing  law.  In 
1913-15  he  was  a  representative  from  Okla- 
homa to  the  sixty-third  congress. 

Thompson,  Joseph  Parrish,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  7,  1819,  in  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  He  was  an  eminent  congregational  cler- 
gyman of  New  York  City ;  pastor  of  the 
Broadway  tabernacle  in  1845-71 ;  and  from 
1872  a  resident  of  Berlin,  Germany.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Theology  of  Christ ;  INIan 
in  Genesis  and  Geology  ;  Lectures  to  Young 
Men ;  Church  and  State  in  the  United 
States ;  The  United  States  as  a  Natiou ; 
Egypt  Past  and  Present ;  The  Workman : 
His  False  Friends  and  His  True  Friends ; 
Life  of  Christ ;  American  Comments  on  Eur- 
opean Questions ;  Christianity  and  Emanci- 
pation ;  and  The  Holy  Comforter.  He  died 
Sept.  20,  1879.  in  Berlin,  Germany. 

Thompson,  Joseph  Peter,  clergyman,  bish- 
o]i,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1818,  in  Winchester, 
^'a.  Tn  1843  he  joined  the  New  Y^ork  an- 
nual conference  of  the  African  methodist 
episcopal  zion  church  ;  and  he  was  ordained 
deacon  in  1845  and  elder  in  1847.  After 
serving  as  a  missionary  in  Nova  Scotia  and 
holding  pastorates  in  and  near  New  York 
City,  he  was  elected  and  oidained  a  bishop 
in  1876,  in  the  general  conference  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.  He  died  Dec.  21,  1894,  in  New- 
burg,  N.Y. 

Thompson,  Josiah  Van  Keirk,  banker,  coal 
operator,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1S.'54,  in  Fay- 
ette county.  Pa.  He  received  his  education 
in  the  Washington  and  Jefl'erson  college.  He 
is  jnesident  of  the  first  national  bank  of 
Uniontown,  Pa.;  and  as  a  successful  coal 
operator  he  has  become  the  largest  indi- 
vidual holder  of  coal  lands  in  westt-rn  Peim- 
sylvania.  He  is  director  of  the  Reliance 
life  insurance  c(imi)any;  and  is  connected 
with    various    corj^nations.      lie    is    pronii- 


.^ERRINGSHA^^'S   I.IBRARV   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


449 


neiitly  identified  with  the  financial  and  pub- 
lic ad'airs  of  Uniontown,  Pa.  He  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  Harrison  as  one  of 
the  viewers  to  fret;  the  locks  and  dams  in 
the    Monongahela    river. 

Thompson,  Laforrest  Holman,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  jurist,  was  born  dan.  G,  1848, 
in  Bakersfield,  Vt.  In  1881-83  and  1890 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Vermont  legisla- 
ture; and  state  senator  and  president  of 
the  senate  in  1884-85;  since  1890  he  had 
been  associate  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  \'ermont.  He  died  in  1900  in  Irasburgh, 
Vt. 

Thompson,  Launt,  sculptor,  artist,  was 
born  Feb.  8,  1833,  in  Ireland.  He  worked 
in  Palmer's  studio  for  nine  years,  produc- 
ing several  portrait  busts  and  ideal  heads 
of  some  merit;  and  in  1858  removed  to 
New  York.  His  works  are  portrait  busts 
of  William  C.  Bryant,  in  the  Metropolitan 
museum,  New  York;  James  Gordon  Bennett, 
tlie  elder;  Robert  B.  Minturn,  Capt.  Charles 
II.  Marshall,  Edwin  Booth  as  Hamlet,  Ste- 
phen H.  Tyng  and  Charles  L.  Elliott  and 
.Samuel  V.  B.  ]\Iorse.  He  died  Sept.  'Hj, 
1894,   in  Newburg,  N.Y. 

Thompson,  Lewis  0.,  clergyman,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  March  13,  1839, 
in  Norway.  In  1809  he  became  president 
of  Northwestern  university;  and  in  188G 
had  charge  of  a  church  in  Henry,  111.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Presidents  and  Their 
Administrations;  Nothing  J^ost;  How  to 
Conduct  Prayer  Meetings;  The  Prayer  iMeet- 
ing  and  Its  Improvement;  and  Nineteen 
Christian  Centuries  in  Outline.  He  died 
duly    Hi.    1887.    in   Henry,   111. 

Thompson,  Mark,  congressman.  In  1795- 
99  he  was  a  representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey to  the  fourth  and  fifth  congresses.  He 
died   in  New   Jersey. 

Thompson,  Marshall  Putnam,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  24,  18()!>,  in  Lawrence, 
Ma.ss.  Since  1897  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Lieutenant;    and  The  Cirl  and  the  Viceroy. 

Thompson,  Mary  Harris,  surgeon,  found- 
er. Slie  was  tiie  most  noted  woman  sur- 
geon in  the  world.  She  was  the  foinider  of 
the  Chicago  hospital  for  women  and  chil- 
dren. Slie  (lied  Mav  21,  1895,  in  Chicajio, 
HI. 

Thompson,  Maurice,  soldier,  geologist, 
state  leglNlatoi-,  iiutjior,  poet,  was  born 
Sepl.  9,  1844,  in  Fairfield.  Ind.  Ho  was  a 
writer  of  {'rawfordsvillc,  Ind.  He  was  a 
confederate  soldier  during  tlic  civil  war.  He 
was  state  geologist  (»f  Indiana  in  1885-89; 
and  has  been  a  memi)er  of  (lie  Indiana  state 
legislature.  His  work  in  fiction  includes: 
A  Talbihassee  (iirl;  His  Second  ('am|)aign; 
At  Love's  K.xtrenn-s;  A  Fortnight  of  Folly; 
The  Ocala  Boy;  and  King  of  Honey  Island. 
Oilier  works  are  lloosier  Mosaics,  a  volume 
of  sketches:  'Jlie  \Vit<'liery  of  Archery; 
Songs  of  Fair  Weatber;  By-ways  and  Bird 
Notes;  Sylvan  Secrets;  The  Story  of  Louis- 
iana:  Poem-;;  .nnJ  Lincoln's  Crave,  a  poem. 


He    died    Feb.    15,    1901,    in    Crawfordsville, 
Ind. 

Thompson,  Merriwether  Jeff,  soldier,  civil 
(Ugineer,  inventor,  was  born  Jan.  22,  182ti, 
in  Harper's  Ferry,  Xii.  He  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  in  the  Missouri  state 
guards  early  in  1801;  and  in  the  confed- 
erate arm)'  in  October  of  that  year.  He 
was  Hie  inventor  of  a  hempbreak,  wJiich  is 
now  in  general  use;  and  an  improved  pistol 
lock.  He  died  in  Julv,  1870,  in  St.  Joseph, 
Mo. 

Thompson,  Mortimer,  lecturer,  author,  was 
born  in  1830.  He  was  the  author  of  Doe- 
sticks;  What  He  Says;  Plu-Ri-Bus-Tah,  a 
travesty  of  Hiawatha;  The  Witches  of  New 
York;  Nothing  to  Say;  and  History  and 
Records  of  the  Elephant  Club.  He  died  in 
1875. 

Thompson,  Mother,  founder  of  the  Wo- 
man's christian  temperance  union;  and  was 
the  daughter  of  Governor  Trimble  of  Ohio. 
She  attended  the  first  national  temperance 
convention,  which  was  held  in  the  Independ- 
ence hall  in  1883.  On  her  return  home  to 
llillsboro,  Ohio,  she  organized  a  small  so- 
ciety of  women  and  started  a  crusade 
against  the  saloons  in  the  town.  Her  work 
soon  ^spread  over  the  country;  and  the 
movement  became  popular;  and  has  since 
developed  into  the  Woman's  christian  tem- 
perance union. 

Thompson,  Philip,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1823-25  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Kentucky  to  the  eighteenth 
congress.  He  died  Feb.  20,  1829,  in  Ken- 
lucky. 

Thompson,  Philip  B.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Oct.  15,  1845,  in  Harrods- 
Inirg,  Ky.  In  1879-85  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Kentucky  to  the  forty-sixth,  for- 
ty-seventh and  forty-eighth  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Thompson,  Philip  R.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.  In  1801-07 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  seventh,  eighth  and  ninth  congresses, 
lie  died  July  22,   1837,  in   Virginia. 

Thompson,  Ralph  Seymour,  journalist,  au- 
thor, lecturer,  was  liorn  Dec.  19,  1847,  in 
-Mbion,  HI.  Since  1S85  he  has  been  editor 
of  Tile  New  Era  of  Springfield,  111.,  the  or- 
gan of  the  national  party.  He  is  the  au- 
tbor  of  Science  in  Farming,  which  has  been 
Used  as  a  text-book  in  many  agricultural 
(  (il  b'gi'S. 

Thompson,  Richard  Wigginton,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  eongressmaiu  caliinet  ollicer, 
:iiillior,  was  born  June  i).  1809,  in  ('ulpei)er 
eotinty,  Va.  He  was  elected  to  the  Indiana 
legislature  and  was  re-elected  in  1835.  In 
1830  li(!  was  elected  to  the  state  .senate, 
served  two  years  and  was  for  a  time  presi- 
ileiit  |iio  tem.  of  the  senate,  and  acting  lieii- 
leiianl -governor.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1840.  In  1841-43  and  1847-49  lie 
was  a  re|)resentative  to  the  twenty-seventh 
and  tliirtieth  ccmgresses.  In  1877-81  he  was 
secrelarv    of    tlie    navv;    and    becann!    vice- 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


president  of  the  Panama  canal  company. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Papacy  and  the 
Civil  Pawer;  Footprints  of  the  Jesuits; 
-History  of  Protective  Tariff  Laws;  and 
Personal  Recollections  of  Sixteen  Presidents. 
He  died  Feb.  9,  1900,  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Thompson,  Robert,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Penns3'lvan;a.  In  18G2  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  one  hundred  and  fifteenth 
regiment  Pennsylvania  infantry;  and  in 
1805  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.    He  died  Feb.   13,   1890. 

Thompson,  Robert  A.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Virginia.  In  1847-49  he  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  thir- 
teenth congress.     He  died  in  Virginia. 

Thompson,  Robert  Ellis,  journalist,  cler- 
gyman, educator,  author,  was  born  April  5, 
1844,  in  Ireland.  Since  1857  he  has  been  a 
resident  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1870-80 
he  was  editor  of  the  Pen  Monthly;  in  1880- 
92  was  editor  of  the  American;  and  since 
1884  has  been  an  editorial  contributor  to 
the  Irish  World.  In  1868-92  he  taught  in 
the  university  of  Pennsylvania,  chietly  po- 
litical economy.  Since  1894  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Central  high  school  of 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1885  he  was  editor  of 
the  protective  tariffs  at  Harvara  univer- 
sity; in  188G-87  lectured  at  Hill  univer- 
sity; and  in  1891  was  a  Stone  lecturer  in 
the  Princeton  theological  seminary.  He  is 
tiie  author  of  a  work  on  political  economy 
for  colleges  and  another  for  high  schools; 
History  of  the  Presbj'terian  Churches  of 
America ;  Harvard  Lectures  on  Protection 
to  Industry;  The  Divine  Order  of  Human 
Society;  The  Hand  of  God  in  American 
History;  Nature,  the  Mirror  of  Grace;  and 
other    Wdrks. 

Thompson,  Robert  Harvey,  soldier,  law- 
yer, statesman,  was  born  xVug.  25,  1847,  in 
Copiali  county.  Miss.  He  served  as  a  con- 
federate soldier  in  the  civil  war.  In  1876- 
80  he  was  state  senator  in  the  Mississippi 
legislature;  code  commissioner  in  1891-92; 
trustee  of  the  university  of  Mississippi  in 
1890-1903;  and  is  now  general  attorney 
of  .\labama  and  Vicksburg  railroad  com- 
pany. 

Thompson,  Robert  John,  educator,  journal- 
ist, ])ublislier.  author,  was  born  Oct.  15, 
1865,  in  La  Porte  City,  Iowa.  In  1885-91 
he  was  in  the  United  States  railway  postal 
service;  and  later  was  on  the  editorial  staff' 
of  the  Chicago  Times.  Since  1906  he  was 
American  consul  to  Germany.  He  is  the 
author  of  The- Proofs  of  Life  After  Death; 
A    Scpiare   Deal    for   Every  Man. 

Thompson,  Samuel  Gustave,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  in  1837  in  Franklin,  Pa.  In 
j8(il  lie  began  the  practice  of  law  in  Phil- 
adelpliia.  Pa,;  and  in  1887  was  elected  a 
connuissioiier  of  Fairmount  park.  In  1883 
he  became  associate  justice  of  the  state 
F.U])reme  court  of  Pennsylvania  (o  fill  a  va- 
cancy,   serving    one    year. 

Thompson,  Sanford  Eleazer,  civil  engi- 
neer,   author,    was    born    Feb.    13,    1867,    in 


Ogdensburg,  N.Y.  He  is  a  civil  and  con- 
sulting engineer  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  is 
joint  author  with  Frederick  W.  Taylor  of 
A  Treatise  on  Concrete,  Plain  and  Kein- 
lorced;   and  other  works. 

Thompson,  Seymour  Dwight,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  about  1840.  He  is  a  law- 
yer of  St.  Louis.  He  is  the  author  of  On 
the  Liability  of  Stockholders  in  Corpora- 
lions;  Charging  the  Jury;  The  Law  of  Car- 
riers of  Passengers;  The  Law  of  Negli- 
gence in  Relations  not  Resting  in  Contract; 
and  Liabilities  of  Directors. 

Thompson,  Slason,  lawyer,  journalist, 
founder,  author,  was  born  Jan.  5,  1849,  in 
New  Brunswick.  In  1870  he  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  and  in  1878-80  was  a  reporter 
on  the  New  York  Tribune.  In  1881  he 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Chicago 
Herald;  and  has  held  editorial  positions  on 
Ihe  leading  Chicago  dailies.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Eugene  Field,  a  biography;  and  sev- 
eral  plays. 

Thompson,  Smith,  lawyer,  jurist,  cabinet 
officer,  was  born  Jan.  17,  1767,  in  Stanford, 
N.Y.  In  1801  he  was  district  attorney  in 
the  middle  district  of  New  York;  was  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  in  1802- 
14;  and  was  chief  justice  in  1814-18.  In 
1818-23  he  was  secretary  of  the  navy;  and 
in  1823-43  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  United  States.  He 
died  Dec.  18,  1843,  in  Poughkeepsie.  N.Y. 

Thompson,  Solomon  Henry,  physician, 
surgeon,  was  born  Aug.  10,  1870,  in  Charles- 
ton, W.Va.  He  received  a  thorough  educa- 
tion; and  graduated  from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  Howard  university  of 
Washington,  D.C.  He  is  a  noted  physician 
and  surgeon  of  Kansas  City,  Kan. ;  and  sur- 
geon-in-chief  of  Douglas  hospital.  He  is  a 
lecturer  on  anatomy,  physiology  and  hy- 
giene at  the  Western  university.  He  has 
l)een  grand  commander  of  the  grand  com- 
iiiandrv   of  Kansas. 

Thompson,  Theodore  Strong,  naval  officer, 
was  born  April  23,  1842,  in  Northampton, 
-Mass.  He  served  nine  months  in  the  civil 
war;  and  in  1863  was  promoted  acting  as- 
sistant paymaster  in  the  United  States 
navy.  In  1903  he  was  retired  with  the  rank 
of  rear-admiral. 

Thompson,  Thomas,  philanthropist,  Avas 
born  Aug.  27,  1798,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
gathi'red  a  collection  of  pictures  worth  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars;  and  besides  this, 
possessed  jfroperty  valued  at  nearly  one 
mil  linn  dollars,  iie  bequeathed  his  wealth 
in  favor  of  the  needle  women  of  Brattleboro, 
Vt.,  and  Rhinebeck,  N.Y.  He  died  iv-arcli 
28.    1869.   in   New  York   City. 

Thompson,  Thomas  L.,  journalist,  publish- 
er, congressman,  was  born  IMay  31,  1838,  in 
Charleston,  W.Va.  He  has  been  for  thirty- 
two  years  a  printer,  editor  and  publisher; 
and  in  1860  he  ]>urchased  the  Sonoma  Dem- 
ocrat of  Santa  Rosa,  Cal.  He  was  a  dele- 
gate to  tlie  democratic  national  conven- 
tion at  Cincinnati  in  1880;  and  was  elected 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


451 


liccretaiy  of  state  in  1882.  lie  was  elected 
to  the  tiftieth  congress.  He  died  in  1898 
in    Santa    Uusa,    C'al. 

Thompson,  Thomas  Oliver,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Woodstock,  111.  He  moved 
to  Chicago  in  1871  and  became  connected 
with  the  Chicago  Times,  with  which  he  was 
connected  for  eight  years.  lie  resigned  tlie 
editorial  chair  to  become  private  secretary 
of  the  elder  Carter  H.  Harrison,  which  he 
lilk'd  during  1879-85.  He  next  served  as  a 
member  of  the  Cook  county  board  of  educa- 
tion for  three  years,  being  president  of  that 
body  during  the  last  year  of  his  term.  lie 
is  the  originator  and  advocate  of  a  plan  for 
government  inspection  of  manufacturing  con- 
cerns as  conditions  x^recedent  to  granting  or 
continuing  a  tariff.  He  has  written  several 
works  :  Food  Frauds  ;  The  Tariff  ;  and  An- 
archy and  Anarchist.  He  now  edits  and 
manages  two  trade  paiiers. 

Thompson,  Thomas  W.,  congressman. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  March  15, 
1766,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1805-07  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
ninth  congress ;  was  state  treasurer  in  1809  ; 
and  in  1813-17  he  was  United  States  sena- 
tor.    He  died  Oct.  1,  1821,  in  Concord,  N.II. 

Thompson,  Vance,  journalist,  founder,  play- 
wright, author,  was  born  April  17,  1862.  He 
w  as  editor  and  founder  of  M'lle  New  York,  a 
fortniiilitly  review.  He  is  the  author  of  In 
Old  ,)apan;  The  Dresden  Shepardess;  The 
Japanese  Doll ;  Floriane's  Dream ;  all 
dramas.  His  books  are  Berwyn  Kennedy  ; 
The  City  of  Torches ;  A  Flash  of  Honor ; 
Writers  of  Young  France;  and  Songs  and 
Symbols. 

Thompson,  Waddy,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
latoi'.  diplomat,  congressman,  was  born  Sept. 
8.  1798.  in  Pickensville.  S.C.  He  served  in 
the  legislature  of  South  Carolina;  and  was 
at  one  time  solicitor  for  the  western  circuit 
of  South  Carolina.  He  was  chosen  a  presi- 
dential elector ;  attained  the  military  title  of 
brigadier-general  ;  and  in  1842  was  appointed 
minister  jilenipotentiary  to  Mexico,  about 
which  country  he  published  an  interesting 
work.  In  1835-41  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  twenty-fourth,  twenty-fifth  and  twen- 
ty-si.\tli  congresses.  He  died  Nov.  23,  1868, 
in   Tallnliassrc.    I'ln. 

Thompson,  Waddy,  journalist,  insurance, 
autiior.  was  iiorn  Aug.  13,  1867,  in  Columbia, 
S.C.  In  1887-95  he  was  engaged  in  journal- 
ism ;  antl  siM<  •■  then  has  been  in  the  lif(!  in- 
surance l)iisiness  in  Atlanta,  CJa.  Ho  is  the 
author  of  .V  History  of  the  United  States; 
and  Life  of  .\ndrew  Johnson. 

Thompson,  Wiley,  eongresHman,  was  born 
in  .ViiP'lia  loimly.  \'a.  In  1821-33  he  was  a 
representative  in  the  seventeenth  to  the  twen- 
ty-second congresses  from  (ieorgia.  He  died 
in  (leortiia. 

Thompson,  Will  H.,  civil  engineer,  lawyer, 
aiitlior.  was  loin  Mnrcli  10.  1848.  in  Cal- 
iioun.  <;!!.  In  1868-72  he  was  a  civil  engi- 
neer. In  1872-89  he  practiced  law  in  Craw- 
fordsville.    Ind. ;    and    since    1889    has    \ni\c- 


liced  law  in  Seattle,  Wash.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  How  to  Train  in  Archery ;  High 
Tide  at  (Jettyslmrg  ;  and  Ilond  of  Blood. 

Thompson,  Will  L.,  conipo.scr,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  7,  1847.  in  Beaver  county,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Thompson's  Popular  An- 
thems ;  and  about  one  hundred  popular  songs, 
such  as  Gathering  Shells  on  the  Sea  Shore; 
Drifting  With  the  Title;  Come  Where  the 
Lilies  Bloom ;  and  Moonlight  Will  Come 
Again. 

Thompson,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1725  in  Ireland.  He  was  made  a  brigadier- 
general  in  1776  ;  and  he  was  ordered  to  Can- 
ada to  re-enforce  Gen.  John  Thomas  with 
four  regiments,  wliieh  were  afterward  in- 
creased to  ten.  He  met  the  remnant  of  the 
northern  army  on  its  retreat  from  Quebec,  > 
and  assumed  the  chief  command.  He  died 
Sept.  4.  1781,  near  Carli.'sle,  Pa. 

Thompson,  William,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1813  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1847- 
51  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa  to  the 
thirtieth  and  thirty-first  congresses.  He 
served  through  the  civil  war  ui>wards  of 
four  years,  as  captain,  major,  and  colonel  in 
the  first  Iowa  cavalry,  and  as  brevet  briga- 
dier-general, had  command  of  a  brigade.  He 
was  sidisetjiiently  appointed  a  captain  of 
cavalry  in  the  regular  army.  In  1896  he 
was  made  brigadier-general  United  States 
army.  He  died  Oct.  7,  1897,  in  Tacoma, 
Wash. 

Thompson,  William  G.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
Jan.  17,  1830,  in  Butler  county.  Pa.  In  1854- 
56  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  ;  and  in  1856- 
60  was  a  state  senator.  He  entered  the  un- 
ion army  in  1862  as  a  major,  and  served  un- 
til 1864.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1864  ;  and  was  elected  district  attorney  for 
the  eighth  judicial  district  of  Iowa,  and 
served  seven  years.  He  was  ai)pointed  chief 
justice  of  the  territory  of  Idaho  in  1897.  In 
1879-83  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa 
to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh  con- 
gresses as  a  rei)ul)lican. 

Thompson,  William  Gilman,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  iiorn  Dec.  25.  1856.  in  New  York. 
In  1898  lie  was  elected  profes.sor  of  medicine 
in  Cornell  uni\crsity  medical  school.  He  is 
liie  autlior  ipf   Practical  Dietetics. 

Thompson,  William  H.,  banker,  financier, 
was  iiuni  aliuul  1845  in  Pennsylvania.  In 
1883  he  was  president  of  tiie  bank  of  com- 
mi-rce.  He  is  also  identified  with  many  oth- 
er financial  inslilutions  and  business  corpor- 
ations. 

Thompson,  William  Howard,  lawyer, 
I'liilcd  Stall's  senator,  was  born  Oct.  14. 
1871.  in  Crawrordsville.  Ind.  He  has  been 
district  judge;  and  has  been  identified  with 
Kansas  for  over  thirty-throe  years.  Since 
1913  he  has  been  United  States  senator  from 
Kansas. 

Thompson,  William  Jackson,  railroad 
presideiu.  was  born  Scpl.  27.  1835,  in  Kap- 
pahannock   county.    Va.      Since   1892   he   has 


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beeu  president  of  the  White  and  Blaclc 
river  valley  railway  at  Little  llock,  Ark. 

Thompson,  William  Oxley,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1855,  in 
Cambridge,  Ohio.  He  is  a  presbyterian  cler- 
gyman ;  was  president  of  the  Miami  univer- 
sity of  Oxford  in  1891-99;  and  since  1899 
president  of  the  Ohio  state  university  at 
Columbus. 

Thompson,  William  Tappan,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  A\ig.  31,  ISVI,  in  Raven- 
na, Ohio.  He  was  a  prominent  journalist 
of  Savannah;  the  rough,  extravagant  hu- 
mor of  whose  studies  of  Georgia  life  was 
once  popular.  He  was  the  autlior  of  Major 
Jones's  Courtship;  Major  Jones's  Sketches 
of  Travel;  Major  Jones's  Characters  of 
Pineville;  The  Live  Indian,  a  farce;  and 
John's  Alive.  He  died  March  24,  1882,  in 
Savannah,  Ga. 

Thompson,  William  P.,  manufacturer,  fin- 
ancier, was  born  Jan.  7,  1837,  in  Wheel- 
ing,   W.Va.      In    1882    he    became    secretary 

and  in  ISiSi  succeeded 


Oliver    H.     Payne 
vice-president    of 


as 
the 
Standard  oil  com- 
pany, having  general 
charge  of  the  all'airs 
of  the  c  o  m  p  a  n  y 
tliroughout  the  states 
west  "of  Buil'alo.  Tlie 
growing  business  of 
the  corporation  com- 
pelled his  removal  to 
New  York  City  in 
1887;  and  when  the 
Standard  oil  trust  was  formed  by  a  union 
of  a  number  of  separate  companies  he  -be- 
came chairman  of  the  domestic  committee, 
having  charge  of  its  internal  affairs.  He 
died  in   1896  in  New  York  City. 

Thompson,  Wordsworth,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  May  27,  1840,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
Among  his  best  known  works  are  A  Twi- 
light at  Corsica;  The  School  House  on  the 
Hill;  The  JMarket  Place  in  Biskra;  The 
Advance  of  the  Enemy;  and  A  New  Eng- 
land Homestead.  He  died  Aug.  28,  1890, 
in  Summit,  N.J. 

Thompson,  Zadoc,  clergyman,  educator, 
autlior,  was  born  May  23,  1790,  in  Bridge- 
water.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman ; 
and  professor  of  natural  history  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Vermont,  and  state  geologist  in 
184.5-48.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
Vermont,  Natural  Civil  and  Statistical ; 
Gazetteer  of  Vermont;  Geography  and  Geo- 
logy of  Vermont;  and  Guide  to  Lake 
George.  He  died  Jan.  19,  18.50,  in  Burling- 
ton,  Vt. 

Thomson,  Alexander,  lawyer,  educator, 
congressman,  was  born  Jan.  12,  1788,  in 
Franklin  county,  Pa.  In  1823-27  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
eighteenth  and  phietecnth  congresses.  He 
was  jirofessor  in  tlie  law  school  of  Marshall 
college,  Lancaster,  Pa.  He  died  Aug.  2,  1848, 
in  Chambersburg,  Pa. 


Thomson,  Charles,  patriot,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  29,  1729,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
secretary  of  the  first  continental  congress 
in  1774-89.  He  was  the  author  of  Inquiry 
Into  the  Causes  of  the  Alienation  of  the 
Delaware  and  Sliawanese  Indians;  Synopsis 
of  the  Pour  Evangelists;  and  a  noted  trans- 
lation of  the  Bible,  that  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment being  the  earliest  English  version  of 
the  Septuagint.  He  died  Aug.  16,  1824,  in 
Lower  Merion,  Pa. 

Thomson,  Charles  M.,  congressman,  law- 
yer, was  born  Feb.  13,  1877,  in  Chicago,  111. 
He  is  a  lawyer;  and  served  two  terms  as 
alderman.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Illinois  to  the  sixty-third  con- 
gress. 

Thomson,  Charles  West,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1798,  in  Philadelphia,  Pii. 
He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  at  York  in 
1849-00.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Lim- 
ner, in  jjrose;  and  in  verse,  The  Phantom 
Barge;  The  Slyph,  Elinor;  and  The  Love 
of  Home.  He  died  April  17,  1879,  in  York, 
Pa. 

Thomson,  David,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ohio.  In  1801  he  was  second  lieutenant  in 
the  eighty-second  regiment  Oliio  infantry; 
and  in  180,5  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers,      lie  died   Feb.   2,    1893. 

Thomson,  Edward,  clergyman,  college 
l)n'siileiit.  author,  was  born  Oct.  12,  I81U, 
in  England.  lie  was  a  metliodist  clergy- 
man; and  president  of  Ohio  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity in  1840-00.  He  was  the  author  of 
Evidences  of  Revealed  Religion;  Our  Orien- 
tal Missions;  Educational  Essaj's;  Moral 
and  Religious  Essays;  Biographical 
Sketches;  Letters  from  Europe;  and  Let- 
ters from  India.  He  died  March  21,  1870, 
in  Wheeling,  W.Va. 

Thomson,  Edward  William,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1849,  in  Ontario. 
He  is  a  civil  engineer  of  Boston;  and  was 
for  some  years  editorial  writer  for  the 
Toronto  Globe.  He  is  the  author  of  Old 
j\Ian  Savarin ;  and  other  stories,  a  striking 
collection  of  short  stories;  Walter  Gibbs,  a 
book  for  boys ;  Between  Earth  and  Sky ; 
and  the  metrical  portions  of  M.  S.  Henry's 
version  of  Aucassin   and  Nicolette. 

Thomson,  Elihu,  electrician,  inventor,  was 
born  March  29,  1853,  in  England.  In  1870 
he  graduated  from  the  Central  high  school 
of  Philadelphia.  Pa. ;  and  received  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  A.M.  and  Ph.D.  In  1870- 
80  he  was  professor  of  chemistry  and  me- 
chanics in  the  Philadelpiiia  central  high 
school.  Since  1880  he  has  been  electrician 
for  Tiiomsoii-llonston  and  general  electrical 
companies,  operating  under  his  inventions; 
more  than  five  hundred  patents  having  been 
obtained.  He  has  invented  an  electrical 
welding  which  bears  his  name;  and  many 
other  imporla.it  inventions  in  the  electrical 
light  and  jiower.  He  has  received  many 
jirizes  in  this  country  and  abroad.  He  is  a 
member  of  many  American  and  foreign  en- 
gineering   and    scientific    societies;     and    in 


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45i 


190-t  was  president  of  the  International 
electrical  congress  and  the  chamber  of  olli- 
cial  delegates  thereto,  held  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo. 

Thomson,  Frank,  railway  president,  was 
born  July  5,  1841.  He  was  appointed  to  a 
responsible  position  in  the  U.  S.  military 
railway  system  early  in  1861;  and  was 
sent  to  Alexandria,  Va.,  where  he  assisted 
in  rebuilding  bridges  and  restoring  shops, 
machinery  and  rolling  stock.  He  resigned 
from  the' military  service  in  1864;  and  be- 
came superintendent  of  the  eastern  division 
of  the  Philadelphia  and  Erie  railroad. 
While  holding  ihis  ollice  he  organized  a 
system  of  track-inspection  which  was  adopt- 
ed by  the  entire  road,  and  made  improve- 
ments in  the  construction  of  the  roadway. 
In  1873  he  was  made  superintendent  of 
motive  power  on  the  Pennsylvania  railroad 
and  in  1874  became  its  general  manager, 
lie  died  June  5.   1899.  in  Merion,  Pa. 

Thomson,  Frederick  Bordine,  missionary, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1809,  in  New 
Brunswick,  N.J.  He  published  a  Dyak 
Hymn  Book,  the  first  printed  book  in  that 
language;  and  Brown's  Catechism  in  Dyak; 
and  translated  into  the  same  tongue  the 
Gospel  of  St.  [Matthew  and  the  first  twen- 
ty chapters  of  Genesis.  He  left  an  untin- 
ished  Work  on  Ine  Economy  of  Missions. 
Ho  died  :\rarch   .'1.   1847,   in  Switzerland. 

Thomson,  James  Bates,  educator,  author. 
was  born  Maj'  21,  1808,  in  Springfield,  Vt. 
He  was  an  educator  of  Brooklyn  ;  and  was 
a  mathematician  and  conchologist.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  School  Algebra  ;  Arithmeti- 
cal Analysis ;  and  a  popular  series  of  arith- 
metics. He  died  June  22,  1883,  in  Brook- 
lyn. X.Y. 

Thomson,  James  William,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Nov.  10.  1836.  in  ^Yilminston,  Del. 
In  1856  he  was  promoted  third  assistant  en- 
gineer in  the  United  States  navy ;  and  in 
1906  was  retired  and  advanced  to  the  rank 
of  rear  admiral. 

Thomson,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1777  in  Friuikiin  county,  I'a.  In  1825-27  and 
1829-37  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  nineteenth,  twonly-first,  twenty-sec- 
ond, twenty-tliird  and  twenty-fourth  con- 
frresses.  He  died  Dec.  2,  1852,  in  New  Lis- 
bon, Oliio. 

Thomson,  John,  librarian,  author,  was 
born  in  Entrland.  For  eight  years  be  was 
l)rivate  librarian  to  Clarence  II.  Clark  of 
Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  and  for  nearly  three  years 
was  jirivato  librarian  for  Jay  Gould  of  Ir- 
vinfiton-on-the-IIndson.  N.Y.  Since  its  oiien- 
ing  in  1894  In-  lias  liccn  librarian  of  the  Free 
lil)rary  of  Pbiladelpbia,  I'a.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Library  of 
C'.  H.  Clark,  in  two  volumes;  Catalogue  of 
the  IrvingtDU  Library  of  Jay  Gould;  and 
l)cscri|»tivc  Catalogue  of  the  Works  of  Sir 
Walter  Scott  for  the  Free  Library.  He  is 
also  the  author  of  Eight  Annual  Reports 
of  the  Free  Library;  and  other  literary 
works. 


Thomson,  John  Edgar,  civil  engineer,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1808.  in 
■Springfield,  Pa.     In  1827  he  was  one  of  the 

engineer      corps      em- 
ployed  upon   the  orig- 
inal    surveys     of     the 
^  Philadelphia    and    Co- 

•'  *«*S  lumbia     railroad,     and 

iu  1837  became  princi- 
■B.'  pal    engineer    of    the 

^  eastern      division      of 

^^^^^  the  Camden   and   Am- 

■^^■^  "^'"^i^fci  ^^'^y  railroad.  He  then 
^^^^^^k         ^Hj       became  en- 

I^^^^^L       ^  the  Georgia 

■^^^^^|MH  railroad.  In  1847  he 
^^^^^^^^^^"^^  became  chief  engineer 
of  the  Pennsylvania  railroad,  and  in  1852  he 
was  made  its  president,  which  office  he  held 
until  his  death.  He  died  May  27,  1874,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Thomson,  John-Renshaw,  merchant,  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  was  born  Sept.  25,  1800, 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1820  he  established 
himself  as  a  merchant  in  Canton,  China. 
He  was  consul  of  the  United  States  at  that 
port  in  1823-25.  After  the  year  1830'  he 
engaged  in  the  management  of  several  rail- 
ways and  of  the  New  Jersey  canal.  In  1857- 
63  he  was  United  States  senator  from  New 
Jersey.  He  died  Sept.  13,  1862,  in  Tren- 
ton, N.J. 

Thomson,  Mortimer,  humorist,  was  born 
Sept.  2.  1832.  in  Riga.  N.Y.  His  books,  as 
well  as  most  of  his  fugitive  writings,  ap- 
peared under  the  pen-name  of  Q.  K.  Philan- 
der Doesticks,  P.B.,  which  had  been  given 
him  by  the  editor  of  a  university  magazine 
to  which  his  earliest  contributions  were 
made.  He  was  the  author  of  Doesticks — • 
What  he  Says  ;  Plu-ri-bus-tah.  a  Song  that's 
by  No  Author  ;  History  and  Records  of  the 
Elephant  Clnb ;  Nothing  to  Say,  being  a  Sa- 
tire on  Snobbery  ;  and  several  smaller  humor- 
ous collections.  He  died  June  25,  1875,  in 
New  York  City. 

Thomson,  Oscar  E.,  consulting  engineer, 
statesman,  was  born  Nov.  14.  1862,  in  Phoe- 
nixville.  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  his  native  county;  and  re- 
ceived private  instruction  in  Washington, 
D.C.  He  is  a  noted  consulting  engineer  of 
Pennsylvania  :  and  is  a  director  in  the  Na- 
tional bank  of  Phoenixville,  Pa.;  and  in 
several  manufacturing  concerns.  He  has  been 
a  ucicgato  to  a  number  of  republican  coun- 
ty and  state  conventions;  and  in  1899-1901 
was  recorder  of  deeds  for  Chester  connty. 
Pa.  Since  1904  he  has  been  a  member  of 
the  Pennsylvania  state  senate. 

Thomson,  Samuel,  iihysician.  author,  was 
born  Feb.  9.  1769,  in  Alstead,  N.H.  He  was 
a  physician  of  Boston ;  and  originated  the 
Tiinnisonian  school  of  medicine.  He  was  the 
aiitbor  of  Materia  Medica  and  Family  Phy- 
sician; New  Guide  to  Health;  and  Life  and 
Afedical  Discoveries.  He  died  iu  1843  in 
Boston,  Mass. 


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Thomson,  Samuel  Harrison,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1813,  in 
Nicliolas  county,  Ky.  In  1844  he  was  elect- 
ed professor  of  mathematics  in  Hauover  col- 
lege of  Indiana.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Mosaic  Account  of  the  Creation  ;  and  Geol- 
ogy an  Interpreter  of  Scripture.  He  died 
Sept.  2,  1882.  in  Pasadena,  Cal. 

Thomson,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1727,  in  Pennsylvania.  He  was  sheriff  of 
Orangeburg  in  1772,  and  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  first  provincial  legislature,  and  the 
first  state  convention.  He  was  appointed 
colonel  in  1775  of  the  3d  South  Carolina 
regiment,  which  was  known  as  the  Rangers. 
His  soldiers  were  all  skilful  marksmen,  and 
he  dispersed  the  guerrillas  of  Gen.  Robert 
Cunningham,  the  Tory  leader.  He  was  elect- 
ed sheriff  of  Orangeburg  a  second  time,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  state  const ilutional 
convention.  He  died  Nov.  22,  1796.  in  Sweet 
Spring,  Ya. 

Thomson,  William  soldier,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  28,  1833,  in  Chambers- 
burg,  Pa.  Since  1855  he  has  practiced  his 
profession  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1861  he 
was  assistant  surgeon  in  the  United  States 
army  ;  served  throughout  the  civil  war  ;  and 
was  promoted  to  captain  and  received  two 
brevets  for  distinguished  services.  In  1868- 
77  and  in  1896-1902  he  was  connected  with 
the  Wills  hospital ;  and  in  1902  became  con- 
sulting surgeon  of  that  institution.  For  thir- 
ty years  he  lectured  at  Wills  hospital  and  at 
Jefferson  college.  He  was  the  author  of  Dis- 
eases of  the  Eye ;  and  a  score  of  medical 
Monographs.     He  died  in  1907. 

Thomson,  William  Hanna,  physician,  au- 
thoi-.  was  born  in  1833  in  Syria.  He  is  a 
physician  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Great  Argument,  or  Jesus  Christ 
in  the  Old  Testament ;  The  Parables  and 
Their  Home;  and  INIaterialism  and  IModern 
Physiology  of  the  Nervous   Sj'stem. 

Thomson,  William  Judah,  naval  officer, 
was  born  April  27.  1841.  in  Washington, 
P.C.  In  1865  he  was  appointed  acting  assist- 
ant ])aymaster  in  the  ITnited  States  navy ; 
served  through  various  grades :  and  in  1903 
was  retired  with  the  rank  of  rear-admiral. 

Thomson,  William  McClure,  missionary, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  31,  1806.  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio.  He  was  a  presbyterian  mission- 
ary in  Beirut  in  1833-76.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Land  nnd  the  Book;  and  The 
Land  of  Promise.  He  died  April  8.  1894,  in 
Denver.    Colo. 

Thorburn,  Grant,  merchant,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  18,  1773.  in  Scotland.  Pie  was  a 
Scottish  nail-malcer ;  and  came  to  America 
in  1794.  He  subsequently  established  him- 
self in  New  York  City  as  a  seedsman.  He 
was  a  noted  figure  in  his  day.  not  only  as  tlie 
hero  of  Gait's  novel,  Lawrie  Todd,  but  be- 
cause of  his  eccentricities.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Lawrie  Todd's  Notes  on  Virginia  ; 
Fifty  Years'  Reminiscences  of  New  York; 
Men  and  Manners  in  Great  Britain  ;  Hints 
to  Merchants,  Married  Men,  and  Bachelors ; 


and  Forty  Years'  Residence  in  America.     He 
died  Jan.  21.  1863,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Thoreau,  Henry  David,  author,  poet,  was 
born  July  12,  1817,  in  Concord,  Mass.  He 
was  all  his  life  a  resident  of  Concord,  Masp. 
A  Week  on  the  Concord  and  JNIerrimac  Riv- 
ers, and  Walden  were  the  only  works  by  him 
w  hich  were  publisjied  in  his  lifetime.  Those 
since  issued  include,  Excursions ;  Maine 
Woods  ;  Cape  Cod  ;  A  Yankee  in  Canada  ; 
Early  Spring  in  Massachusetts;  Summer; 
Autumn  :  Winter,  are  selections  from  Thor- 
eau's  Journal,  edited  by  H.  G.  O.  Blake. 
Still  other  works  are.  Miscellanies :  Letters 
■to  Various  Persons;  Familiar  Letters;  and 
Poems  of  Nature.  He  died  jNIay  6,  1862,  in 
Concord.  INIass. 

Thorington,  James,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1816  in  North  Carolina.  In  1855-57  he 
was  a  re]>resentative  from  Iowa  to  the  thir- 
ty-fo',i''th  congress.  In  1871-83  lie  was  Unit- 
ed States  consul  to  Aspinwall.  tie  died 
June  13,  1887,  in  Santa  Fe,  N.M. 

Thorington,  James,  physician,  author,  was 
born  June  6,  1858,  in  Davenport,  Iowa.  Hg 
is  professor  of  the  diseases  of  the  eye  in  the 
Philadelphia  polyclinic  and  college  for  grad- 
uates in  medicine.  He  is  the  author  of  Reti- 
noscopy ;  Refraction  and  How  to  Refract ; 
The  Ophthalmoscope  and  How  to  Use  It ; 
and  Retinoscopy. 

Thorington,  William  Sewell,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  July  30,  1847,  in  IMontgomery, 
Ala.  In  1867  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  ; 
has  been  city  attor- 
ney of  JMontgomery, 
and  judge  advocaL';- 
general  for  four  years. 
He  has  been  judge  of 
the  city  court  of  ilont- 
gomeiy  (lav.'  and  equi- 
ty court)  :  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Alnbama  (ap- 
pellate court),  and  de- 
clined reelection  in 
1892.  He  was  appoint- 
ed trustee  of  the  State 
university  of  Alabama  to  succeed  Hon.  H.  A. 
Herbert,  and  still  filled  that  postion  for 
about  eight  years.  During  1864-65  he  was 
in  the  confederate  service  with  the  Alabama 
corps  of  cadets,  of  which  he  was  adjutant 
in  1865.  This  able  lawyer  and  jurist  has  al- 
ways been  a  resident  in  the  place  of  his  na- 
tivity. In  1897  he  was  elected  dean  of  the 
law  faculty  in  the  university  of  Alabama. 

Thorn,  Frank  Manly,  lawyer,  journalist, 
was  born  Dec.  7,  1836,  in  Collins,  N.Y.  In 
1885  he  was  appointed  chief  clerk  in  the  bu- 
reau of  internal  revenue  in  Washington  ;  in 
1885-89  was  superintendent  of  the  Uniteil 
States  coast  and  geodetic  survey;  and  in 
1895-97  was  special  national  bank  e.xam- 
incr. 

Thornburgh,  Jacob  M.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
conmessnian.  was  born  July  3,  1837,  in  New- 
market, Tenn.  In  1862  he  joined  the  federal 
army  in  Kentucky,  and  was  promoted  until 


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455 


he  became  colonel  of  the  fourth  Tennessee 
cavalry  in  1863.  In  1867  he  moved  to  Knox- 
ville,  and  was  appointed  attorney-general  of 
the  third  di-strict  of  Tennessee,  and  V\-as  elect- 
ed to  the  same  position  in  1869  and  1870.  In 
1873-79  he  was  a  representative  to  the  forty- 
third,  forty-fourth  and  forty-fifth  congres.ses 
as  a  republican.  He  died  Sept.  19.  1890,  in 
Kno.wille.  Tenn. 

Thornburgh,  Thomas  T.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1843  in  Tennessee.  He  took  part  in  the 
battle  of  Mill  Spring,  Morgan's  retreat  to 
the  Ohio,  and  of  Stone  Ri\er  during  the  civil 
war,  and  became  lieutenant.  In  1875  he  was 
appointed  paymaster  with  rank  of  major. 
He  conunauded  the  post  of  Fort  Fred  Steele, 
Wyoming,  until  1879,  when  he  was  killed 
while  in  command  of  an  expedition  against 
the  1,'te  Indians.  He  died  Sept.  29,  1879, 
in  White  Itiver.  Wyo. 

Thornbury,  Frank  J.,  physician,  surgeon, 
autlior,  was  born  March  17,  1870,  in  .lavn, 
X.Y.  This  eminent  lecturer  on  medical  top- 
ics fills  the  chair  of  bacteriology  in  the  uni- 
versity of  I'.niralo  :  and  is  now  microscopist  in 
bureau  of  agriculture.  He  is  the  author  of 
numerous  books,  pamphlets  and  treatises, 
whicii  have  made  his  name  famous  in  the 
medical    world. 

Thorndike,  Ashley  Horace,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  2G,  1871,  in  Moulton, 
Maine.  Since  1906  he  has  been  professor  of 
I'^nglish  at  Columbia  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  Influence  of  Beaumont  and  Fletch- 
er on  Shakespeare;  Elements  of  Rhetoric 
and  Composition  :  and  Tragedy. 

Thorndike,  Edward  Lee,  educator,  author, 
was  born  .Vug.  31.  1874,  ia  AVilliamsburg. 
Mass.  Since  1904  he  has  been  professor  of 
educational  psychology  in  the  teachers'  col- 
lege of  Columbia  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Human  Nature  Club ;  Notes  on 
Child  Study;  nnd  Elements  of  Fsychology. 

Thorndike,  George  Quincy,  painter,  art- 
ist, was  born  about  1825  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Ills  landscapes  showed  many  of  the  char- 
acteristics of  the  French  school.  His  bet- 
ter known  works  include  The  Wayside  Inn  ; 
Swans  in  Central  I'ark;  and  The  Lily 
Tond.  He  died  in  December,  1886,  in  Bos- 
ton.  Mass. 

Thorndike,  Israel,  merchant,  state  legis- 
lator, philanthropist,  was  born  in  1757  in 
lieverly,  Mass.  He  was  elected  to  the  Alassa- 
chusetts  convention  that  ratified  the  constitu- 
tion of  the  United  States;  and  for  many 
ye:(rs  was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature. 
He  settled  in  I'.oston  and  in  1818 
purchased  for  the  use  of  Harvard  the  library 
of  I'rof.  Christoph  Daniel  Ebeling  of  Ham- 
burg, which  consists  of  four  thousand  vol- 
iMues  remarkably  rich  in  works  on  Ameri- 
can history  and  antiquities.  He  died  May 
in.  18?,2.  in  r.oston.  Mass. 

Thome,  Charles  R.,  theatrical  manager, 
actor,  was  born  in  Aiuil.  1814.  in  New  York 
City.  He  managed  the  I'eoi)le's  theater  of 
Cleveland.  Ohio;  the  Howard  atheuipum  of 
Boston,    Ma.ss. :    and    for    many    years    w:i« 


manager  of  the  American,  the  first  theater 
built  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  died  Dec. 
13,    1893,    in    San    Francisco,    Cal. 

Thome,  Charles  R.,  actor,  w^as  born  June 
11.  1840.  in  New  York  City.  When  a  child 
he  made  journeys  with  his  father  and  moth- 
er, who  were  popular  actors,  and  managed 
traveling  theatrical  companies.  He  was  in 
China  subseipieutly.  and  erected  a  theatre  at 
Shanghai.  One  of  his  best  ciiaracters  was 
Daniel  Kochat.  in  Sardou's  play  of  that 
name.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1883,  in  New  York 
City. 

Thome,  William,  painter,  artist.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  society  of  American  art- 
ists. He  is  an  associate  of  the  National 
academy   of  design. 

Thome,  William  Henry,  journalist,  pub- 
lisher, author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1839, 
in  England.  He  received  a  classical  educa- 
tion in  England  ;  in  1861-62  was  given  pri- 
vate tuition  in  New  Haven.  Conn. ;  and  in 
1862-64  attended  the  Union  theological  sem- 
inary. In  1892-93  he  was  professor  of  liter- 
ary criticism  in  St.  Viateur's  college  of  Bour- 
bonnais.  111.  He  was  formerly  a  presbyte- 
rian,  but  is  now  a  Roman  catholic.  He  is  ed- 
itor and  proprietor  of  the  Globe  Review, 
published  in  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the  author 
of  Modern  Idols;  Quintets  and  Other 
Poems  ;  and  Songs  of  the  Soul. 

Thome,  William  P.,  lawyer,  legislator, 
lieutenant-governor,  orator,  jurist,  was  born 
March  5,  1845,  in  Shelby  county,  Ivy.  He 
was  educated  at  Eminence  college  of  Henry 
county.  Ky. ;  and  soon  attained  success  as 
a  practicing  lawyer.  He  has  been  city  at- 
torney of  Eminence,  Ky. ;  has  filled  the  of- 
fice of  prosecuting  attorney;  and  served 
as  special  circuit  judge.  He  has  served 
four  terms  as  a  member  of  the  Kentucky 
state  legislature;  and  in  1903-07  was  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Kentucky.  He  has  been 
twice  a  presidential  elector;  three  times  a 
delegate  to  the  national  convention;  and 
has  once  served  on  notification  committee 
to  notify  the  presidential  nominee.  He  is 
considered  one  of  the  best  public  speakers 
in  Kentucky. 

Thorner,  Max,  educator,  pliysician.  sur- 
geon, autlior.  was  born  April  2.  18.)fl.  in 
Germany.  He  was  professor  of  clinical 
laryngoiogj'  at  the  Cincinnati  university; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  faculty  of  the 
Cincinnati  college  of  ]ihysicians  and  sur- 
geons. He  devised  a  retrator  for  the  mas- 
toid operation.  He  was  the  author  of  Re- 
moval of  F(ueign  Bodies  with  the  Auto- 
scope;  and  otlier  medical  works.  He  died 
Aug.   28,    1800.   in   Cincinnati.   Ohio. 

Thorntoa,  "Anthony,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
iatiii-.  cinigrcssnian.  was  born  Nov.  fl,  1814, 
in  r.nurbiin  county.  Ky.  In  1847  he  was 
a  member  of  the  convention  which  framed 
the  constitution  of  Illinois;  and  in  18.^0 
was  a  member  of  the  state  leg'slature.  In 
18(;.")fi7  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nois to  the  thirty-ninth  congress.  He  died 
in   Illinois. 


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Thornton,  Charles  Solon,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  April  12,  1851,  in  Boston,  Mass.' 
In  1872  he  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege with  the  degree 
of  A.B.;  and  in  1873 
was  admitted  to  the 
Illinois  bar.  Since 
then  he  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession 
in  Chicago,  111.;  and 
is  now  senior  mem- 
ber of  the  law  firm 
of  Thornton  and 
Chancellor.  He  was 
president  of  the 
board  of  education  of 
Auburn  Park,  111.;  a 
member  of  the  board  of  education  of  Cook 
county;  and  a  member  of  the  Chicago  and 
Illinois  boards  of  education.  He  has  served 
as  corporation  counsel  of  the  Town  of 
Lake;  and  also  served  with  distinction  as 
corporation  counsel  for  the  city  of  Chicago. 
He  is  a  prominent  mason  and  odd  fellow; 
and  a  member  of  various  other  fraternal 
and  patriotic  orders.  He  is  the  author  of 
the    first    teachers'    pension    bill. 

Thornton,  Eliza  B.,  litterateur,  poet,  was 
born  July  23,  179.'),  in  North  Hampton, 
N.H.  She  was  for  many  years  a  contribu- 
tor of  poetry  to  the  Southern  Literary 
Messenger,  the  Christian  ^Mirror  and  other 
periodicals.  Her  best  known  piece  is  The 
Mayflower.  She  died  July  27,  18.54,  in 
Saco,  Maine. 

Thornton,  Gustavus  Brown,  physician, 
surgeon,  sanitarian,  autlior,  was  born  Feb. 
22,  1835,  in  Bowling  Green,  Va.  In  ad- 
dition to  his  official  reports  as  president  of 
tlie  Mempliis  board  of  health,  he  has  con- 
tributed 'numerous  memoirs  on  sanitary 
subjects  to  the  proceedings  of  tlie  Ameri- 
can public  health  association,  and  to  the 
transactions  of  other  societies  of  which  he 
is  a  member.  These  inchule  Yellow  Fever, 
Pathology  and  Treatment;  Memphis "  San- 
itation and  Quarantine  in  1879  and  1880; 
Sanitation  of  the  Mississippi  Valley;  and 
other  works. 

Thornton,  J.  D.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1880- 
92  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  California. 

Thornton,  James  B.,  state  legislator,  dip- 
lomat, aulluir,  was  born  in  Merrimack, 
N.H.  He  was  speaker  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire state  legislature  in  1829-30;  and  in 
1836  was  charge  d'affaires  to  Peru.  He 
was  the  author  of  Digest  of  the  Convey- 
ancing, Tcstamentarv  and  Registrv  Laws 
of  the  United  States"^  in  1837.  He  d'icd  Jan. 
25,    1838,    in    Callao,    N.IT. 

Thornton,  James  Bankhead,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  28,  1806,  in  Mount 
Zephyr,  Caroline  covnitj%  Va.  He  repre- 
sented his  district  in  the  Virginia  state 
senate  in  1838-40;  and  was  one  of  the 
prime  movers  in  the  establislimeni  of  the 
Military    institute   at   Lexington,   Va.       He 


was  the  author  of  a  Digest  of  the  Con- 
veyancing, Testamentary  and  Registry 
Laws  of  the  States  of  the  Union.  He  died 
of  yellow  fever  Oct.  12,  1867,  in  Memphis, 
Tenn. 

Thornton,  James  Shepard,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Feb.  25,  1826,  in  Merrimack, 
N.H.  He  was  on  the  Kearsarge  in  its 
fight  with  the  Alabama;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  captain  in  1872.  He  died  May  14, 
1875,  in  Germantown,  Pa.;  and  his  por- 
trait hangs  in  the  new  library  building  of 
the  New   Hampsliire  state  capitol. 

Thornton,  Jessy  Quinn,  lawyer,  jurist, 
slate  legislator,  author,  was  born  Aug.  24, 
1810,  near  Point  Pleasant,  W.Va.  In  1847 
lie  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  pro- 
visional government  of  Oregon;  and  in 
1864-65  served  in  the  legislature.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  Oregon  and  California  in 
1848;  History  of  the  Provisional  Govern- 
ment of  Oregon;  and  The  Gold  Mines  of 
California.  He  died  Feb.  5,  1888,  in  Sa- 
lem,  Ore. 

Thornton,  John  Randolph,  United  States 
senator,  jurist,  was  born  in  Iberville  par^ 
ish.  La.,  Aug.  25,  1846.  He  served  as 
judge  of  Rapides  parish.  La.,  from  1878  to 
1880;  was  a  member  of  the  last  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Louisiana  in 
1898;  member  of  the  board  of  supervisors 
Louisiana  state  university ;  and  one  of 
the  three  Louisiana  commissioners  to  con- 
ference on  uniform  laws  for  the  United 
States,  and  vice-president  of  that  body. 
Since  1910  he  has  been  a  member  of  the 
United   States   senate. 

Thornton,  John  Wingate,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  12,  1818,  in  Saco,  Maine. 
He  was  a  Boston  lawj^er.  He  was  the  au- 
tlior of  Colonial  Scliemes  of  Popliam  and 
Gorges;  The  Landing  at  Cape  Anne;  First 
Records  of  Anglo-American  Civilization; 
The  Pulpit  of  the  American  Revolution; 
and  Historical  Relation  of  New  England  to 
the  English  Commonwealth.  He  died  June 
(),    1878,    in    Saco.    Maine. 

Thornton,  Matthew,  signer  of  the  declar- 
ation of  independence,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1714  in  Ireland.  He  was  appointed 
a  surgeon  in  the  army  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; and  commanded  a  regiment  of  mili- 
tia in  the  revolutionary  war.  He  was 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  New  Hamp- 
shire for  si.x  years;  and  chief  justice  of 
tlie  common  pleas.  In  1776-78  he  was  a 
delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  con- 
tinental congress;  and  was  one  of  the  sign- 
ers of  the  declaration  of  independence.  He 
served  for  several  years  in  the  general 
court  and  in  the  state  senate;  and  was 
appointed  justice  of  the  peace  and  quorum 
throughout  the  state.  He  died  June  24, 
1803,    in    Newl)uiy|iort,    ]\Iass. 

Thornton,  Seth  Barton,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1814  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.  He  served 
with  credit  in  Fbu-ida  against  the  Semi- 
noles.  In  command  of  liis  squadron  ho  ex- 
cliangcd  the  first  shots  with  the  enemy   in 


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457 


the  Mexican  war  at  La  Rosia  in  1846.  He 
died   in   balllo  Juik'    18,    1847,   in   JNloxico. 

Thornton,  fhomas  C,  cdoigyiuan,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Oct.  12,  17U4, 
in  Dumfries,  Va.  He  was  the  author  of 
Inquiry  Into  the  History  of  Slavery  in 
the  United  States,  and  other  works.  He 
died    March    2'3.    1800,    in   Mississippi. 

Thornton,  William,  physician,  architect, 
arrthor.  was  born  in  West  Indies,  lie  was  a 
physician  and  architect  of  Philadelphia.  lie 
removed  to  Washington  ;  drew  the  plans  of 
the  Hrst  capitol  building ;  and  was  at  the 
head  of  the  patent  office  in  1802-27.  lie  was 
the  author  of  Cadmus,  or  the  Elements  of 
Written  Language.  He  died  in  1827,  in 
Washington,  D.C. 

Thornton,  William,  physician,  author,  was 
born  in  1846  in  England.  He  is  a  physi- 
cian, of  Boston.  He  is  the  author  of  Tlio 
Origin,  I'urpose,  and  Destiny  of  Man. 

Thornton,  William  A.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1803,  in  2s ew  York,  He  was  promoted 
major  in  1861 ;  and  brigadier-general  by  brev- 
et in  1865.  He  died  April  6,  1866,  in  Gov- 
ernor's Island,  N.Y. 

Thornton,  William  Taylor,  soldier,  lawyer, 
governor,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1843,  in  Henry 
county,  Mo.  He  served  in  the  confederate 
army  from  1861  to  the  end  of  the  civil  war; 
and  for  over  a  year  was  a  prisoner  of  war  at 
Alton,  111,  After  the  war  he  practiced  law 
in  Clinton,  Mo. ;  and  in  1876  was  a  member 
of  the  Missouri  state  legislature.  In  1891  be 
was  first  mayor  of  Sante  Fe ;  and  in  1893- 
97  was  governor  of  New  Mexico,  He  is  in- 
terested in  large  mining  enterprises  in  Mex- 
ico. 

Thornton,  William  Wheeler,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  27,  1851,  near  Logans- 
port.  Ind.  In  1880-82  he  was  deputy  at- 
torney general  of  Indiana;  and  now  prac- 
tices law  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Indiana  I'ractice  Code,  annotated  ^ 
Lost  Wills ;  Indiana  Municipal  Law  ;  Oil  and 
(las;   and   scviTal   other  works. 

Thorp,  Abner,  physician,  manufacturer, 
author,  was  born  Oct,  2.  1840,  in  Lawrence- 
burg,   Ind,     In  his  infancy  he  was  taken   to 

Cincinnati,    Ohio;    he 

there  graduated  from 
the  Woodward  high 
school  :  and  was  the 
valedictorian  ,  of  his 
class.  He  served  in 
I  lie  medical  cori>s  dur- 
ing the  civil  war  of 
1861-65,  For  twenty- 
five  years  he  was  mem- 
ber of  a  large  phar- 
maceutical manufac- 
turing business  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio  ;  and 
for  lilt"  past  twelve  years  lias  been  practicing 
medicine.  He  has  been  an  extensive  travel- 
er. He  is  (he  author  of  A  Child  of  Nature; 
Effie's  Conquest;  and  has  contributed  val- 
uaiile  articles  to  medical  and  current  litera- 
ture. 


Thornwell,  James  Henley,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1812  in  Marlborough,  S,C. 
He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  ;  and  pro- 
fessor in  the  theological  seminary  at  Colum- 
bia, S.C,  He  was  the  author  of  Arguments 
of  Romanists  Discussed  and  Refuted ;  Dis- 
courses on  Truth ;  Rights  and  Duties  of 
Masters;  and  The  State  of  the  Country.  He 
(lied  Aug.  1,  1862,  in  Charlotte,  N.C. 

Thorp,  Frank,  soldier,  was  born  March 
29,  1842,  in  Maine.  In  1862  he  was  com- 
missioned second  lieutenant  in  the  twenty- 
eighth  regiment  Maine  volunteers ;  and  in 
1866  was  promoted  from  Maine  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  fifth  United  States  artillery. 
In  1901  he  was  promoted  major ;  and  in  1906 
was  retired  at  his  own  request  with  the  rank 
of   brigadier-general. 

Thorp,  Robert  Taylor,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  12.  1850,  in  Granville 
county,  N.C.  In  1877-95  he  was  common- 
wealth attorney  for  Mecklenburg  county,  Va. 
In  1895-97  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-fourth  congress  as  a  republican  ;  and  in 
1900  was  a  delegate  to  the  republican  na- 
tional convention. 

Thorp,  Thomas  Jones,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  nineteenth  regiment  New  Y'ork 
cavalry  ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  in  1865, 

Thorp,  William,  governor,  was  born  in 
Delaware.  He  was  the  twentieth  governor 
of  Delaware  in  1846-51.  He  died  in  Dela- 
ware. 

Thorpe,  Mrs,  Rose  Hartwick,  author,  poet, 
was  born  July  18,  1850,  in  Mishawaka,  Ind. 
She  was  educated  in  Litchfield.   Mich.;    and 

received  the  honorary 
degree  of  A.M.  from 
Hillsdale  college.  She 
is  a  poet  chiefly  known 
as  the  author  of  Cur- 
few ^lust  Not  Ring 
To-Night,  She  is  also 
the  author  of  Temper- 
ance Poems;  Ring- 
ing Ballads  ;  and  sev- 
eral juvenile  prose 
works,  including  The 
Year's  Best  Days;  The 
Chester  (Jirls;  Fred's 
Fenton  Family ;  Minna 
Lady  of  La  Jolla. 
Thorpe,  Francis  Nevi^ton,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  .Vprii  16.  1857,  in  Swanii)scott. 
.Mass.  He  is  a  lawyer  of  Philadelphia  ;  and 
in  1885-98  was  i)roressor  of  American  con- 
stitutional History  in  the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania. He  is  the  author  of  the  (Jovern- 
ment  of  the  People  of  the  United  Slates; 
The  Story  of  the  Constitution:  and  Con- 
stitutional History  of  the  United  States. 

Thouron,  Henry  Joseph,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Dec,  25,  1852,  in  IMiiladelphia. 
Pa.  For  twelve  years  he  had  charge  of  the 
composition  class  at  the  IMiiladelphia  acad- 
emy of  fine  arts;  and  resigned  in  1904.     In 


Dark    Days;    The 
Bruce;  and   White 


458 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1901  he  received  a  gold  medal  of  honor  from 
the  academy  of  fine  arts. 

Thorpe,  Thomas  Bangs,  artist,  author, 
was  born  March  1,  1815,  in  Westfield,  Mass. 
He  was  an  artist  and  author  of  New  Or- 
leans in  1836-53  ;  and 
in  later  life  of  New 
York  City.  Niagara 
as  It  Is  is  his  finest 
painting.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Hive  of 
the  Bee  Hunter ;  Tom 
Owen  the  Bee  Hunt- 
er ;  Mysteries  of  the 
Backwoods ;  Our 
Army  of  the  Rio 
Grande  ;  Our  Army  at 
JNIonterey  ;  A  Voice  to 
America ;  Scenes  in 
Arkansas;  and  I^ynde  Weirs,  an  Autobiog- 
raphy. He  died  in  October,  1878,  in  New 
York  City. 

Thrasher,  Max  Bennett,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  April  11,  1860,  in  Westmoreland, 
N.II.  In  1898-99  he  was  assistant  superin- 
tendent of  the  farm  school  at  Thompson's 
Island  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  the  the  au- 
thor of  Tuskegee.  Its  Story  and  Its  Work. 
He  died  in  1903  in  New  York. 

Thrasher,  Samuel  P.,  inventor.  He  is  the 
inventor  of  a  novel  clock  dial  which  ban- 
ishes the  hands.  It  gives  the  exact  time 
in  figures,  like  a  register,  without  any  cal- 
culation  at   all. 

Thresher,  John,  clergyman,  bishop.  He 
is  bishop  for  the  state  of  Pennsylvania 
of  the  cluircli  of  America;  and  resides  in 
Pittsburgli,    Pa. 

Throckmorton,  Charlotte  Edgerton  Alvord, 
litterateur,  author,  was  born  Nov.  8,  1873, 
in  New  York  City.  She  is  the  wife  of  C. 
WicklilTe  Throckmorton;  and  writes  under 
the  pen  name  of  Charles  Egerton.  She  is 
the  author  of  The  Coming  of  the   Dawn. 

Throckmorton,  James  Webb,  soldier,  state 
senator,  congressman,  governor,  was  born 
Feb.  1,  1825,  in  Sparta,  Tenn.  He  was  a 
of  the  Texas  legislature  in  1851- 
1801-03  he  was  in  the  confederate 
In  IHC)'.\  he  was  elected  state  sen- 
ator; was  ap])ointed  brigadier-general  of 
state  troops;  and  sent  to  command  the 
northwest  border  of  the  state.  He  was  the 
ninth  governor  of  Texas  in  1866-67.  In 
1875-70  and  1883-87  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Texas  to  the  forty-fourth,  forty- 
fifth,  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  He  died  April  21, 
1804.    ill   McKinney,   Texas. 

Throop,  Eno9  Thompson,  lawyer,  jurist, 
diplomat,  congressman,  governor,  was  born 
Aug.  21,  1784,  in  Johnstown,  N.Y.  In 
1815-17  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fourteenth  congress;  and  in  1823  was 
elected  circuit  judge.  In  1829  he  became 
lieutenant-governor  of  New  York;  and  in 
1831-33  was  the  tenth  governor.  In  1838 
he   was   appointed   charge   d'affaires   to   the 


member 
01.     In 

service. 


two  Sicilies.  He  died  Nov.  1,  1874,  near 
Auburn,   N.Y. 

Throop,  Benjamin  H.,  physician,  surgeon, 
banker,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1811,  in  Oxford, 
N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the  Oxford  acad- 
emy; and  at  the 
Fairfield  medical  col- 
lege. In  1832  he  be- 
gan the  practice  of 
medicine  at  Hones- 
dale,  Pa.  For  one 
year  he  practiced  in 
Oswego,  N.Y. ;  and 
then  moved  to  New 
York  City,  practic- 
ing there  until  1840, 
when  he.  moved  to 
Scranton,  Pa.  He 
was  a  dealer  in  coal 
lands;  and  assisted  in  organizing  several 
milling  companies.  In  1854  he  obtained  a 
charter  from  the  state  legislature  for  a 
gas  and  water  company;  and  also  for  the 
J^ackawanna  hospital.  He  was  extensive- 
ly engaged  in  real  estate  operations  and 
in  the  lumbering  business.  In  1877  he 
became  president  of  the  Scranton  «ity 
bank.  He  served  as  a  surgeon  in  the  civil 
war;  and  established  a  field  hospital.  He 
presented  a  medical  library  to  the  Lacka- 
v.anna  medical  society.  He  died  in  Scran- 
ton,   Pa. 

Throop,  Montgomery  Hunt,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  26,  1827.  He  was  a 
lawyer  of  New  York  City.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Future,  a  political  essay;  Va- 
lidity of  Verbal  Agreements;  Annotated 
Code  of  Civil  Procedure;  The  New  Y''ork 
Justices'  Manual;  Digest  of  Massachusetts 
Supreme  Judicial  Court  Decisions;  and 
Revised  Statutes  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  He  died  Sept.  11,  1892,  in  Albany, 
N.Y. 

,  Throop,  William  A.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  first  Michigan  infantry;  and 
in  1864  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.      He    died    Oct.    2,    1884. 

Thropp,  Joseph  Earlston,  civil  engineer, 
manufacturer,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Valley  Forge,  Pa.  He  reached  the  rank  of 
division  engineer  in  IMinnesota.  He  entered 
the  iron  business  in  1870;  became  a  part- 
ner in  1872;  and  in  1889  purchased  the 
large  iron,  coal  and  ore  properties  of  the 
Everett  iron  comjiany  of  Bedford  county, 
Pa.  In  1899-1901  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-sixth  con- 
gress as   a   republican. 

Thruston,  Buckner,  lawyer,  jurist.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  in  1763  in  Win- 
chester, Va.  He  was  appointed  federal 
judge  in  the  territory  of  Orleans  in  1805; 
and  ill  1805-11  he  was  I'nited  States  sena- 
tor from  Kentucky;  and  was  judge  of  the 
I'nited  States  circuit  court  of  the  District 
of  Columbia  in  1809-45.  He  died  Aug.  30, 
1845,  in   Washington. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


459 


Truston,  Charles  Mynn,  soldier,  jurist, 
legislator,  was  born  in  1738  in  Gloucester 
county,  Va.  At  the  beginning  of  the  revo- 
lution he  raised  a  company ;  was  commis- 
sioned as  captain,  and  was  badly  wounded 
at  Trenton.  On  his  recovery  he  was  ap- 
pointed colonel,  being  known  as  the  War- 
rior Parson.  After  the  war  he  was  judge 
and  a  member  of  the  legislature.  In  1S08 
he  removed  to  Louisiana.  He  died  in  1812 
near  New  Orleans,   La. 

Thruston,  Gates  Phillips,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  June  11,  1835,  in  Day- 
ton, Ohio.  He  was  captain  in  the  first  regi- 
ment Ohio  infantry 
in  1861 ;  was  pro- 
moted major  and  as- 
sistant adiutant-gen- 
eral  in  1862;  and 
was  brevetted  colonel 
and  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers  for 
conspicuous  gallan- 
try at  Murfreesboro 
a  n  d  Chickamauga. 
Since  the  civil  war 
lie  has  followed  the 
profession  of  law  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.;  is  president  of  the  state 
insurance  company;  and  is  vice-president 
of  the  Tennessee  historical  society.  He  is 
the  author  of  Antiquities  of  Tennessee; 
and  other  scientific  and  historical  works. 

Thruston,  Charles  Mynn,  soldier,  banker, 
was  born  Feb.  22,  1780,  in  Lexington,  Ky. 
In  1814  he  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant 
of  artillery;  and  assigned  to  duty  on  Gov- 
ernor's Island,  New  York  liarbor.  He  be- 
came adjutant  of  his  regiment  in  1821; 
and  during  the  Florida  war  in  1835-36  was 
acting  adjutant-general  of  the  Florida 
army.  Resigning  in  1836,  he  settled  on  a 
farm  at  Cumberland.  >\Id.  He  became  pres- 
ident of  a  bank  in  1838;  and  mayor  in 
1861.  He  died  in  February,  1873,  in  Cum- 
berland,  Md. 

Thruston,  Mrs.  Lucy  Meacham,  litt^ra- 
teur.  author,  was  born  Marcii  29.  1862,  in 
King  and  Queen  county,  \'a.  Siie  is  the 
wife  of  Julius  Thruston  of  Baltimore,  Md. 
She  is  tlie  author  of  Mistress  Brent;  A 
(Jirl  of  N'irginia;  Jack  and  His  Island; 
Where  the  Tide  Comes  In;  Called  to  the 
Field;    and   Jenifer. 

Thurber,  Caroline,  jxjrtrait  painter,  artist, 
was  born  in  Oberlin.  Ohio.  Slie  was  educat- 
ed in  I'hiladeliihia.  Pa.;  and  in  1885  marrierl 
Dexter  Thurber  of  Providence.  U.I.  In  1897- 
98  she  c<>mi)!f'ted  her  art  studies  in  Paris  as 
a  i)U|iil  of  Jean  Panl  lianrens  and  of  Uenjn- 
niin  Constant:  and  she  now  makes  a  siiecial- 
ty  of  portraiture.  She  has  painted  por- 
traits of  many  persons  of  distinction  in 
Paris  and  Anieric-a  ;  and  she  has  exhibited  in 
the  Salon,  Royal  academy.  New  irallery.  Lon- 
don and  other  foreign  exhibitions  ;  as  well  as 
those  in  America.  She  now  has  a  studio  in 
the  family  home  at  P.ristol,  R.I. 


Thurber,  Charles  Herbert,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  I'orn  .Mau'h  24,  1864,  in  Owego. 
N.Y.  In  1895-1900  he  was  a  professor  in 
the  university  of  Chicago.  He  is  a  member 
of  a  firm  of  publishers  of  Boston.  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  In  and  Out  of  Ithaca  ;  and 
The  Higher  Schools  of  Prussia. 

Thurber,  Edward  Gerrish,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  burn  May  28.  1836.  in  ^lonroe 
Mich.  In  1857  he  graduated  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan  ;  and  subsequently  from  An- 
dover  seminary.  He  has  filled  pastorates  in 
the  congregational  and  presbyteiian  church- 
es, and  in  1889-1904  was  pastor  of  the  Amer- 
ican church  in  Paris,  France  ;  and  since  then 
in  New  York.  •  He  is  the  author  of  published 
Sermons  and  Addresses :  has  now  retired 
from  active  work  :  and  resides  in  New  York 
City. 

Thurber,  Francis  Beatty,  merchant,  law- 
yer. i)ulilirist,  ai'tiiui',  was  born  Nov.  13, 
1842,  in  Delhi.  N.Y.  In  1856-64  he  was  in 
the  warehouse  business;  and  in  1864-93  was 
ii  wholesale  grocer  of  New  York  City.  In 
1899  he  began  the  practice  of  law  in  New 
York  (,'ity.  He  was  the  author  of  Coffee 
Irom  IMantation  to  Cup.  He  died  July  4, 
1907.  in  New  York  City. 

Tlurber,  George,  journalist,  botanist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1821  in  Rhode  Island.  He 
edited  The  American  Agriculturist  in  1863- 
90.  He  was  the  author  of  American  Weeds 
and  T^seful  Plants,  a  revision  of  Darlington's 
Agricultural  Botany.     He  died  in  1890. 

Thurman,  Allen  Granberry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman.  United  States  senator,  was 
born  Nov.  13.  1813,  in  Lynchburg.  Va.  In 
1845-47  he  was  a  representative  from  Olrio 
to  the  twenty-ninth  congress.  He  was  elect- 
ed a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio  in 
1851 :  and  was  chief  justice  in  1854-56.  In 
1869-81  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died  Dec.  12,  1895,  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Thurman,  John  R.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  New  York  City.  In  1849-51  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
first  congress.  He  died  July  25,  1854.  in 
New  York. 

Thursby,  Emma  Cecelia,  vocalist,  actress, 
was  born  Nov.  17,  1857.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
She  was  a  choir  singer  in  Beecher's  Ply- 
mouth church  and  elsewhere.  Mr.  Strakosch 
in  1879  introduced  her  to  the  concert  stage, 
where  her  remarkable  talents  were  recog- 
nized both  in  Europe  and  America.  Since 
1882  she  has  made  several  tours  in  the 
United    States. 

Thurston,  Asa,  missionary,  was  born  Oct. 
12.  1787.  in  Filchl.urg.  Mas-^.  He  established 
himself  Ml  Kailua.  Hawaii,  where  he  re- 
sided for  more  than  forty  years.  He  was  a 
pioneer  among  the  missionaries  to  the  Sand- 
wich islands,  and  instructed  two  of  the  kings 
while  they  still  resided  at  Kailua.  He  also 
translnted  a  larL'e  part  of  the  Bii)le  into  the 
Hawaiian  language.  He  died  March  11, 
1868,  in  Hawaii. 


460 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Thurston,  Benjamin  B.,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, lieutenant-governor,  was  born 
June  29,  1804,  in  Hopldnton,  R.I.  He  was 
elected  fourteen  years  in  succession  to  the 
Rhode  Island  state  assembly.  He  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1836  and  in  1838  was 
lieutenant-governor.  In  1847-49  and  1851- 
57  he  was  a  representative  from  Rhode  Is- 
land to  the  thirtieth,  thirty-second,  thirty- 
third  and  thirty-fourth  congresses.  He  was 
subsequently  elected  a  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  Rhode  Island.  He  died  May  17, 
1886,  in  New  London,  Conn. 

Thurston,  Brown,  painter,  publisher,  gene- 
alogist, was  born  Oct.  6,  1814,  in  Winthrop, 
Maine.  He  was  the  first  job  printer  to  in- 
troduce the  power-press  in  Portland,  Maine  ; 
and  subsequently  introduced  stereotyping, 
electrotyping  and  wood  engraving.  In  1880 
he  compiled  and  published  the  first  edition 
of  the  Thurston  Genealogy;  and  in  1892  is- 
sued a  second  edition.  Ho  is  president  of 
the  Brown-Thurston  publishing  company  of 
Portland,  Maine. 

Thurston,  Charles  Baldwin,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  April  2,  1832.  in  New  York 
City.     He  was  president  of  the  Jersey  City 

and  Bergen  railroad 
company ;  treasurer 
and  manager  of  the 
Jersey  associates  of 
Jersey  City,  which 
own  nearly  all  the 
water  front  and  fer- 
ry rights ;  and  had 
charge  as  president  of 
the  toil  i-oads  between 
.lersey  City  and  New- 
nrk.  He  also  held  va- 
rious other  positions 
of  trust  and  honor. 
He  died  in  1899  in  Jersey  City,  N.J. 

Thurston,  Ernest  Lawton,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  13,  1873,  inFall  River, 
Mass.  He  is  head  of  the  department  of  math- 
(Muatics  in  the  Washington  business  high 
school.  He  is  the  author  of  Mental  Com- 
mercial Arithmetic ;  and  Practical  Tests 
in  Commercial  and  Higher  Arithmetic. 

Thurston,  John  Mellen,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator. United  States  senator,  was  born  Aug. 
21,  1847,  in  iNIontpelier,  Vt.     He  was  elected 

a  member  of  the  Oma- 
ha city  council  in 
1872  ;  city  attorney  of 
Omaha  in  1874,  and 
a  member  of  the  Ne- 
braska legislature  in 
1875.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  republican 
leasue  of  the  United 
States  in  1889  to  1891. 
In  1877  he  became  as- 
sistant attorney  of  the 
ITnion  Pneitic  railway 
company-,  ;\n<l  in  1888 
ral  solicitor  of  the  Union 
held  that  position  at  the 
to  the  senate.     In  1895- 


was  appointed  gene 
Pacific  system,  and 
time  of  his  election 


1901  he  was  United  States  senator.  His  term 
of  office  will  expire  March  3,  1901.  He  was 
permanent  chairman  of  the  republican  na- 
tional convention  of  1896  which  nominated 
President  McKinley.  He  is  a  constant  con- 
tributor to  cuiTent  publications  and  an  able 
orator.  • 

Thurston,  Mrs.  Ida  T.,  litterateur,  author. 
She  writes  under  the  pen  name  of  Marion 
Thorn ;  and  is  the  author  of  The  Captain 
of  the  Cadets ;  A  Frontier  Hero  ;  A  Village 
Contest ;  and  Citizen  Dan  of  the  Junior  Re- 
public. 

Thurston,  John  Henry,  soldier,  govern- 
ment printer,  genealogist,  was  born  Jan.  25, 
1832,  in  Portland,  Maine.  During  the  civil 
war  he  was  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant 
in  the  forty-ninth  regiment  United  States 
infantry,  lie  is  the  author  of  Genealogy  of 
the  Thurston  Family. 

Thurston,  Mrs.  Laura  M.,  educator,  poet, 
was  born  in  December,  1812,  in  Norfolk, 
Conn.  She  taught  in  New  Albany,  Ind.  She 
died  July  21,  1842,  in  New  Albany,  Ind. 

Thurston,  Mrs.  Lucy  Meacham,  writer, 
author,  was  born  March  29,  1862,  in  King 
and  Queen  county,  Va.  In  1887  she  niar- 
ricd  Julius  Thurston  of  Baltimore,  Md.  She 
is  the  author  of  INIistress  Brent  ;  A  Girl  of 
Virginia  ;  Jack  and  His  Island  ;  Where  the 
Tide  Comes  In  ;  and  Called  to  the  Field. 

Thurston,  Robert  Henry,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  25.  1839,  in  Providence,  R.I.  He  wan 
tained  in  the  workshops  of  his  father,  Rob- 
ert Lawton  Thurston. 
In  1861  he  entered  the 
navy  as  an  ofiicer  of 
engineers ;  and  served 
during  the  civil  war 
on  various  vessels.  In 
1878  he  was  made 
vice-president  of  the 
American  institute  of 
mining  engineers ;  and 
is  at  present  director 
of  the  Sibley  college, 
Cornell  university  ; 
and  dean  of  the  fac- 
ulty. He  is  the  author  of  Friction  and  Lu- 
In-ication;  jManual  of  the  Steam  Engin.^ ; 
Manual  of  Steam  Boilers;  Engine  and  Boil- 
er Trials ;  History  of  the  Growth  of  the 
Steam  Engine;  IMaterials  of  Engineering; 
Friction  and  Lost  Work  ;  Steam-Boiler  Ex- 
plosions in  Theory  and  Practice :  Heat  as  a 
Form  of  Enersy :  and  Robert  Fulton,  Ilic 
Life  and  Its  Results.  He  died  Oct.  25,  1903, 
in  Ithaca,  N.Y. 

Thurston,  Robert  Lawton,  manufacturer, 
was  born  Dec.  13,  1800,  in  I'ortsniouth,  R.I. 
He  developed  an  extraordinary  talent  as  a 
mechanic;  and  in  conjunction  with  John 
Babcock,  completed  an  experimental  steam 
engine.  In  1834  he  connnenced  business 
witl!  Mr.  Babcock,  starling  the  first  st'^un 
engine  building  establishment  in  New  Eng- 
land, known  as  the  Providence  steam  engine 
company,  which  subsequently  became  Thvirs- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


401 


ton,  Greene  and  company.     He  died  Jan.  13, 
1874.  in  Providonco,  K.I. 

Thurston,  Samuel  R.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1816  in  Monniontli,  Maine. 
In  1849-51  he  was  a  territorial  delegate  from 
Oregon  to  the  thirty-first  congress.  He  died 
April  9,  1851,  at  sea. 

Thurston,  W.  J.,  governor.  In  1893-97 
he  was  territorial  governor  of  New  Mexico. 
Thurston,  William  Henry,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  llaiapshirc.  in  1862  he  was 
captain  in  the  fifty-second  regiment  Indiana 
infantry  ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  May  16, 
1877^ 

Thwaites,  Reuben  Gold,  librarian,  author, 
was  born  May  15,  1853,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  is  a  historical  writer  of  NVisconsin  ;  and 
secretary  of  the  State  historical  society,  and 
the  author  of'  Historic  Waterways,  Six 
Hundred  Miles  of  Canoeing  Down  the  Koci?, 
Fox  and  Wisconsin  Rivers;  Th%  Story  of 
Wisconsin ;  Our  Cycling  Tour  in  England  ; 
Afloat  on  the  Ohio  ;  and  The  Coloiiics,  1492- 
1750.  He  is  also  the  editor  of  the  J^isnit 
Relations  and  Allied  Documents;  and  other 
historical  works.     He  died  Oct.  22.  1913. 

Thweatt,  Hiram  H.,  educator,  musician, 
was  born  June  11,  1864,  in  Tuskegee,  Ala. 
He  received  a  tliorough  education  ;  and  grad- 
uated from  the  Tuskegee  institute.  In  1893- 
96  he  was  principal  of  the  Christianburg  in- 
stitute of  Candia.  Va. ;  in  1896-1907  was 
principal  of  the  Clay  street  high  school  of 
Thomasville.  Oa. :  and  in  1904-06  was  presi- 
dent of  the  state  teachers'  association.  He 
is  a  noted  musician  and  teacher  of  the  cor- 
net, piano,  mandolin,  violin  and  guitar;  and 
is  principal  of  the  Clay  street  high  school 
of  Thomasville.    Ga. 

Thwing,  Charles  Burton,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Marcli  9,  1860.  in  Tlieresa, 
N.Y.  In  1896-1901  he  was  professor  of  phy- 
sics in  Knox  college  of  Galesburg,  111. ;  and 
in  1900-05  was  at  Syracuse  university  of 
New  York.  He  has  made  several  inventions 
in  electricity  and  metallurgy.  lie  is  the  au- 
thor of  Exercises  in  Thysical  Measurement  ; 
and   An    Elei.ieiifary  Thysics. 

Thwing,  Charles  Franklin,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, college  president,  author,  was  born 
y„y    9    ^'i'9,.   m   New   Sharon.   Maine.      He 

received  his  education 
at  I'hillipa  academy 
of  Andover.  Mass. ;  at 
the  Harvard  college, 
and  the  Andover  the- 
ological seminary.  He 
Ir's  filled  pastorates  in 
('aml)ridge,  Mass.,  and 
in  Mi  n  n  e  a  poll  s. 
Minn. ;  rfnd  since  1890 
lias  been  president  of 
tlie  Western  Reserve 
university,  Adelbcrt 
college  of  Clevelnnd. 
Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  American  Col- 
leges ;  The  Reading  of  Books ;  The  Working 
Church  :  The  Family  ;  \n  Historical  and  So- 


cial Study;  The  College  Woman;  Within 
College  Walls ;  The  American  College  and 
American  Life;  The  Choice  of  a  College  and 
a  History  of  Higher  Education  in  America. 
Thwing,  Edward  Payson,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, a\ithor,  was  born  in  1830  in  Mis- 
souri. He  was  a  congregational  clergyman 
and  professor  of  vocal  culture.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Preacher's  Cabinet; 
Out-Door  Life  in  Europe;  Windows  of 
Character;  The  King  in  His  Beauty;  Ex- 
Oriente;  and  Drill  Book  in  Vocal  Culture. 
He  died   in    1893. 

Thwing,  Eugene,  editor,  publisher,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  17,  18GU,  in  Quincy,  Mass. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  connected  with  the 
publishing  house  of  Funk  and  Wagnals 
company  of  New  York  City;  and  is  editor 
and  business  inanager  of  the  Circle  Maga- 
zine. He  is  the  author  of  The  Red  Keg- 
gers;    and   The   Man    From   Red-Keg. 

Tibbals,  Seymour  Selden,  journalist,  play- 
wright, author,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1809,  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  is  the  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  Chronicle  of  Franklin, 
Oliio;  and  since  1905  has  been  postmaster 
of  that  city.  lie  is  the  author  of  A  Money 
Order;  The  Struggle  for  Gold;  At  the 
State  Capital;  Corporal  Corinne;  and  How 
Dopper  Was  Side-Tracked;  all  of  which 
Lave   been    produced   on   the   stage. 

Tibbals,  William  Huntington,  educator, 
mining  operator,  was  born  Dec.  22,  4848, 
in  Union,  N.J.  In  1875  he  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  A.B.  from  Oberlin  college; 
and  in  1879  received  the  degree  of  A.M. 
from  that  institution.  He  subsequently 
received  the  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  Gale 
college  of  Wisconsin  for  special  work  in 
philosophy.  For  many  years  he  was  at 
the  head  of  city  schools  in  Ohio,  Michigan 
and  Wisconsin ;  for  six  years  was  profes- 
sor of  i)hilosophy  and  literature  in  Park 
college;  and  for  three  years  filled  the  same 
chair  at  Salt  Lake  college.  He  is  now  con- 
ducting extensive  mining  operations.  In 
1897-98  he  was  president  of  the  Utah  state 
christian  endeavor  union.  He  has  written 
extensively  in  literary  and  educational 
magazines. 

Tibbatts,  John  W.,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Kentucky.  In  1843-47  he  was 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  to  the 
twenty-eighth  and  twenty-nintli  congresses. 
He  also  served  as  a  colonel  in  the  Mexican 
war.  He  died  July  12,  1852,  in  Newton, 
Ky. 

Tibbels,  Thomas  Henry,  journalist,  author, 
was  l)orn  May  22,  1840,  in  Washington 
county,  Ohio.  He  is  a  lecturer  and  Indian 
reformer;  atid  since  1905  has  been  editor 
of  Die  Investigator  of  Omaha.  Neb.  Ho  is 
llic  author  of  Hidden  Power;  Ponca 
Cliiefs;    and   The  American    Peasant. 

Tibbets,  Addison  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
l.orn  Oct.  28,  185U,  in  Belfast,  N.Y.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Friendship  academy 
ot  New  York;   at  the  Genesee  Valley  .semi- 


462 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


nary  of  Belfast,  N.Y.;  and  at  the  Cor- 
nell university  of  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  has 
attained  success  as  one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  of  the  west  at  Lincoln,  Neb.;  and 
in  1891-96  was  judge  of  district  court  of 
the  third  judicial  district  of  Nebraska.  In 
1900  he  was  a  delegate-at-large  for  Ne- 
braska to  the  democratic  national  conven- 
tion held  in  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Tibbits,  George,  state  legislator,  state 
senator,  congressman,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  14,  1763,  in  Warwick,  R.I.  In  1803- 
05  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  eighth  congress.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  in  1802-20;  and 
of  the  state  senate  in  1815-18.  He  pub- 
lished several  works.  He  died  July  19, 
1849,   in   Troy,   N.Y. 

Tibbits,  William  Badger,  soldier,  manu- 
facturer, was  born  March  31,  1837,  in  Hoo- 
sick,  N.Y.  He  served  in  the  civil  war; 
and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers in  1804.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1880,  in 
Troy,   N.Y. 

Tibbies,  Thomas  Henry,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  22,  1840,  in  Washing- 
ton county,  Ohio.  For  some  tliirty  years 
he  was  engaged  as  a  newspaper  correspond- 
ent; in  1895  founded  the  Independent  at 
Lincoln,  Neb.;  and  since  1905  lias  been 
editor  of  the  Investigator.  In  1904  he  was 
a  candidate  for  vice-president.  He  is  the 
author  of  Hidden  Power,  Ponca  Chiefs; 
and   Tlie  American   Peasant. 

Tichborne,  Mrs.  Josephine  Caroline  Saw- 
yer, litterateur,  author,  was  born  Sept.  5, 
1878,  in  Watertown,  N.Y.  She  is  tlie  wife 
of  Walter  Francis  Carson  Tichborne.  She 
is  the  author  of  Every  Inch  a  King;  and 
All's  Fair  in  Love. 

Tichenor,  Isaac,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist. 
United  States  senator,  governor,  was  born 
Feb.  8,  1754,  in  Newark,  N.J.  He  was  an 
oHicer  of  the  revolution.  He  was  a  judge 
and  cliief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Vermont.  He  was  a  representative  in  the 
state  legislature;  and  in  1795-99  and  1815- 
21  he  was  United  States  senator.  He  was 
the  second  governor  of  Vermont  in  1797- 
1807  and  1808-09.  He  died  Dec.  11,  1838, 
in  Bennington,  Vt. 

Ticker,  William  Jewett,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  in  1839  in  Gris- 
wold,  Conn.  In  1875-80  he  was  pastor  of 
Madison  Square  cliurch  of  New  York  City. 
In  1880-92  he  filled  the  chair  of  homiletics 
at  Andover.  In  1892  he  became  president 
of  Dartmouth  college.  As  editor  of  the 
Andover  Review,  as  a  pulpit  orator,  and 
as  the  originator  of  the  famous  Andover 
house  in  Boston,  he  lias  become  a  recog- 
nized leader  of  the  ethical  forces  of  the 
day. 

Ticknor,  Caleb  B.,  physician,  author,  was 
born  in  1805  in  Salisbury,  Conn.  He  was 
a  hoiiH'opatliic  ])hysician  of  New  York 
City,  lie  was  the  author  of  Medical  Phil- 
oso])hy;  and  (Juide  to  Mothers  and  Nurses. 
He  died  Sept.  19,   1840,  in  New  York  City. 


Ticknor,  Caroline,  author,  was  born  in 
1806  in  Boston,  iNlass.  She  is  a  novelist 
and  essayist;  and  was  assistant  editor  of 
The  International  Library  of  Famous  Lit- 
erature. She  is  the  author  of  A  Hypocrit- 
ical Romance,  and  Other  Stories;  and  Miss 
Belladonna,  a  Child  of  Today. 

Ticknor,  Elisha,  soldier,  was  born  in  1736, 
in  Lebanon,  Conn.  In  1774  he  founded 
Lebanon,  N.H. ;  was  a  colonel  of  New 
Hampshire  troops;  and  was  the  first  im- 
porter of  merino  sheep  to  America.  He 
died  June   18,   1822,   in  Lebanon,  N.H. 

Ticknor,  Elisha,  educator,  was  born  March 
25,  1757,  in  Lebanon,  Conn.  In  1788  he 
became  head  master  of  Franklin  grammar 
school  of  Boston.  He  made  one  of  the 
earliest  efl'orts  to  improve  female  educa- 
tion in  Massachusetts ;  and  originated  the 
scheme  for  primary  schools  in  Boston,  pro- 
posing them  at  a  town  meeting  in  1818. 
He  died  June  22,   1821,  in  Hanover,  N.H. 

Ticknor,  Francis  Avery,  physician,  poet, 
was  born  in  1822,  in  Georgia.  He  has  been 
called  the  Confederate  poet-laureate;  and 
liis  poems  were  collected  and  published  in 
a  volume  in  1879  entitled  V.rginians  of  tlie 
VaUey  and  Other  Poems.  He  died  in  1874 
in   Ceorgia. 

Ticknor,  George,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Auii.  1.  1791,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  was 
a  noted  Boston  historian ;  and  was  profes- 
sor of  modern  languages  at  Harvard  univer- 
sity in  1820-35.  He  was  the  author  of  A 
History  of  Spanish  Literature ;  Life  of  W. 
II.  Prescott ;  and  Life  of  Lafayette.  He 
dii'd  Jan.  26.  1871,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Ticknor,  George,  lawyer,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  April  14,  1822,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  solicitor  for  Sullivan  county  in  1855- 
59 ;  and  about  1860  settled  in  Keene  and 
purchased  an  interest  in  the  New  Ilampsliire 
Sentinel,  which  he  edited  during  the  re- 
mainder of  his  days.  He  was  the  author  of 
Gazetteer  and  Biographical  Sketches  of  New 
Hampshire.  lie  died  Dec.  25,  1866,  in 
Keene,   N.H. 

Ticknor,  Howard  Malcolm,  educator,  critic, 
publisher,  diplomat,  author,  was  born  July 
4,  1836,  in  Boston.  Mass.  In  1869-78  he  was 
in  the  United  States  consular  service  in 
Italy ;  and  in  1878  became  professor  of 
oratory  at  Howard  and  Brown  univei-sities. 
He  died  in  1905  in  Franklin,  Mass. 

Ticknor,  William  Davis,  publisher,  was 
burn  Aug.  6,  1810,  in  Lebanon,  N.H.  He 
was  founder  of  the  famous  publishing  house 
of  Ticknor  and  Fields,  publishers  of  Atlan- 
tic Monthly  and  North  American  Review, 
lie  (li.Ml  April  10,  1864,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Tidball,  John  Caldwell,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  25,  1825,  in  Ohio  county.  W. 
Va.  He  was  a  federal  officer  during  the 
civil  war;  and  was  made  a  brigadier-gen- 
eral in  1865.  He  was  the  author  of  a  Man- 
ual of  Heavy  Artillery  Service.  lie  died 
in    1906    ill    ^loiitclair.   N.J. 

Tidball,  Lewis  Cass,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was    born    June    25,    1849,    near    Zanesville, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


463 


Ohio.  He  received  a  thorough  education, 
and  attended  the  Illiuois  state  normal  col- 
lege. He  is  one  of  the  foremost  lawyers 
of  Wyoming  at  Sheridan.  During  1893-95 
he  served  with  distinction  as  a  member  of 
the  Wyoming  legislature  ;  was  electer  speak- 
er, and  received  the  re-election  in  1897.  In 
1895  he  was  a  candidate  for  governor  on  the 
populist  ticket.  He  is  vice-president  of  the 
Direct  legislation  league,  and  a  member  of 
the  people"  party  national  executive  com- 
mittee. 

Tidball  Mrs.  Mary  Langdon,  litterateur, 
author.  She  is  a  novelist  of  Virginia.  She 
is    the    author   of    Ilarbaia's    Vagaries. 

Tidball,  Thomas  Allen,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1847  in  Winchester,  Va. 
He  is  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  Philadel- 
phia ;  and  rector  of  the  Church  of  the  epi- 
phany. He  is  the  author  of  Christ  in  the 
New  Testament ;  The  Character  of  Christ 
its  Own  Witness ;  and  The  Holy  Spirit  as 
Energizing   the   Sacrament. 

Tiebout,  Cornelius,  engraver,  artist,  was 
born  in  1777  in  New  York.  He  worked  in 
the  stipple  or  chalk  manner.  Among  his 
folio  plates  are  .  portraits  of  Washington. 
General  Horatio  Gates,  John  Jay,  Bishop 
White  and  Thomas  .Jefferson.  He  died  about 
1830  in  Kentucky. 

Tiedeman,  Christopher  Gustavus,  educator, 
author,  was  l;orn  July  16,  1857.  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  He  was  professor  of  law  in  the 
univei-sity  of  Missouri  in  1881-91  ;  and  in 
1891-97  professor  of  law  in  the  university  of 
the  city  of  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Law  of  lieal  Property  ;  Limitations  of 
the  Police  I'ower ;  Commercial  Paper ;  The 
Unwritten  Constitution  of  the  United 
States;  Law  of  Sales;  Law  of  Municipal 
Corporations;  Selected  Cases  on  Real  Prop- 
erty ;   Hills  and  Notes  ;  and  other  works. 

Tienlin,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
is  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Wisconsin. 

Tiernan,  Charles  Bernard,  lawyer,  geneal- 
ogist, author,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1840,  in 
Baltimore,    Md.      He    was    educated    at    St. 

Mary's  and  Loyola 
1  colleges ;    was    a    stu- 

dent at  Johns  Hop- 
kins university ;  and 
studied  lav,-  under 
Severn  Teackle  Wal- 
lis.  He  has  received 
the  honorary  degrees 
of  A.B.  and  A.M.    In 

1861  he  was  a  moni- 
bor  of  the  fifty-third 
regiment  Marylanil 
national     guard.        In 

1862  he  was  admitted 
to  the  practiro  of  law  ;  is  a  member  of  th«^ 
Baltimore  and  Maryland  state  bar  associa- 
tions :  and  counsel  for  the  Hibernian  soci- 
ety;  counsel  for  the  Society  of  colonial 
wars  ;  and  counsel  for  the  Sons  of  the  .Vmer- 
ican  revolution.  He  is  president  of  the 
cathedral  branch  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul  so- 


ciety ;  and  president  of  the  cathedral  branch 
of  the  Young  catholic  friends  society.  Dur- 
ing the  riots  of  1877  he  was  ordnance  ser- 
geant in  the  seventh  regiment.  He  is  the 
author  of  Tiernan  Family  in  Maryland  and 
Tiernan  and  Other  Families. 

Tiermann,  Daniel  Fawcett,  manufacturer, 
government  olhcial,  was  born  Jan.  9,  1805, 
in  New  York  City.  He  was  a  paint  and 
color  manufacturer  of  New  York  City.  In 
1858-60  he  was  mayor  of  the  city  of  New 
York ;  and  in  1871  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  state  senate.  He  died  in  1899 
in  New  York  City. 

Tiernan,  Mrs.  Frances  Fisher,  author, 
litterateur,  was  born  in  Salisbury,  N.C.  She 
is  the  author  of  Valerie  Aylmer ;  Mabel  Lee ; 
Morton  House ;  A  Daughter  of  Bohemia ; 
Miss  Churchill ;  Bonny  Kate ;  Ebb  Tide ; 
Nina's-  Atonement,  and  Other  Stories ; 
After  Many  Days;  Heart  of  Steel;  Hearts 
and  Hands  ;  A  Question  of  Honor ;  A  Sum- 
mer Idyl ;  A  Gentle  Belle ;  Roslyn's  For- 
tune ;  A  Comedy  of  Elopement ;  The  Pic- 
ture of  Las  Cruces ;  The  Land  of  the  Sun  ; 
and   A   Woman  of  Fortune. 

Tiernan,  Luke,  merchant,  was  born  in 
1757  in  Ireland.  In  1826-27  he  was  one  of 
a  committee  to  urge  upon  the  Icgislatui'e  of 
Maryland  the  incorporation  of  the  Baltimore 
and  Ohio  railroad  company,  the  first  rail- 
road company  incorporated  in  America.  He 
died   Nov.  lo'.   1839,   in   Baltimore.   Md. 

Tiernan,  Mrs.  Mary  Spear,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1836.  She  was  the  au- 
thor of  Honiosello  ;  Suzette ;  and  Jack  Hor- 
ner.     She   died   in   1891   in   Georgia. 

Tierney,  Michael,  clergjnnan,  bishop,  was 
iiorn  in  1839.  In  1894  he  became  Roman 
catholic  bishop  of  Hartford,  Conn.  He  died 
Oct.   5,   1908.   in   Hartford,  Conn. 

Tiernon,  John  Luke,  soldier,  was  born  Jan. 
18,  1841,  in  Madison,  Ind.  In  1862  he  was 
appointed  from  private  life  as  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  third  United  States  artillery; 
and  in  18G4  attained  the  rank  of  first  lieu- 
tenant. In  1901  he  became  colonel  in  the 
artillery  corps ;  and  in  1903  was  retired 
with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the 
United  States  army. 

Tiferro  Emil,  musician,  vocalist,  was  born 
Feb.  1.  1858.  in  (Jermany.  For  a  number  of 
years  he  held   the  position  of  first  tenor  on 

the  Italian  stage;  and 
has  been  engaged  in 
Berlin.  .\mstcrdam, 
Lon(h)n.  New  York 
City.  Boston,  the 
World's  Fair  grand 
concerts  at  Chicago, 
and  the  leading  cities 
of  Enrope  antl  Amer- 
ica. He  is  the  found- 
I'l-  and  director  of  the 
Denver  opera  club, 
where  he  cives  con- 
certs. r<M'itals,  and  lec- 
tures upon  musical  subjects,  and  produces 
operas   in   costume. 


464 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Tietjers,  Paul,  musician,  pianist,  compos- 
er, was  born  May  22,  1877,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  In  1905  lie  located  in  New  York.  He 
has  composed  the  Wizard  of  Oz ;  Uncle 
Remus ;  and  other  musical  plays.  He  is  a 
musical  and  dramatic  critic  ;  and  is  dramat- 
ic editor  of  Uncle  Remus  Magazine  of  At- 
lanta, Ga. 

Tiffany,  Alexander  Ralston,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, author,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1796,  in  Ni- 
agara, Upper  Canada.  He  was  a  jurist  of 
Palmyra,  Mich.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Justices'  Guide ;  Criminal  Law ;  and  Form 
Book  for  Michigan  Attorneys.  He  died  Jan. 
14,  1868,  in  Upper  Canada. 

Tiffany,  Charles  Comfort,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1829  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
Since  1866  he  has  been  an  episcopal  clergy- 
man chiefly  resident  in  New  York  City  ;  and 
prior  to  1866  a  congregational  clergyman ; 
and  since  1893  archdeacon  of  New  York.  He 
is  the  author  of  Expression  in  Church 
Architecture ;  History  of  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States ;  and 
The  Prayer  Book  and  the  Christian  Life. 

Tiffany,  Charles  Louis,  founder,  Avas  born 
Feb.  15,  1812,  in  New  York.  He  is  a  found- 
er of  the  New  York  society  of  Sue  arts  and 

of  the  union  league 
club.  He  has  also 
been  a  patron  of  the 
Metropolitan  museum 
of  art ;  and  a  trustee 
of  the  Ameiican  mu- 
seum of  natural  his- 
tory. He  is  a  prom- 
i  n  e  n  t  representative 
(if  the  sixth  genera- 
tion of  descent  from 
Squire  Humphrey 
Tiffany  of  England. 
The  family  lived  for 
in  Massachusetts.  In 
1837  he  established  the  present  house  of  Tif- 
fany and  company  of  New  Y'ork  City,  the 
leading  jewelry  house  in  America.  He  died 
F.'l).  18.   1902.   in  New  York  City. 

Tiffany,  Francis,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1827  in  Maryland.  He  was  pastor 
at  West  Newton.  Mass..  in  1865-82.  He  is 
the  author  of  Life  of  Dorothea  Lynde  Dix  ; 
Bird  Bolts;  Life  of  Charles  Francis  Bar- 
nard :  and  This  Goodly  Frame,  the  Earth, 
a  volume  of  travels  in  America,  Japan, 
E;jypt.   Palestine  and   Greece. 

Tiffany,  Francis  Buchanan,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Ai)i-il  26.  1855,  in  Springfield, 
Mass.  Since  1881  he  has  practiced  law ; 
and  now  practices  that  profession  in  St. 
Paul,  ^linn.  He  is  the  author  of  Handbook 
of  tlie  Law  of  Sales ;  and  Death  by  Wrong- 
ful Act. 

Tiffany  Joel,  litterateur,  author.  He  is 
the  author  of  Treatise  on  Government  and 
Constitutional  Law  ;  Man  and  His  Destiny  ; 
Reports  of  Cases  Argued  and  Determined 
in  the  Court  of  Appeals  of  the  State  of 
New   York ;   The  Book   of  Forms ;   Laws  of 


several    generations 


Trusts  and  Trustees ;  and  Treatise  on  Prac- 
tice and  Pleadings  in  the  Courts  of  Record. 

Tiffany,  Louis  Comfort,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Feb.  18,  1848,  in  New  York  City. 
His  paintings  in  oil  and  water  colors  are 
principally  oriental  scenes.  He  has  done 
much  decorative  work  ;  and  is  president  and 
art  director  of  the  Tiffany  glass  and  dec- 
orating company.  He  has  discovered  new 
formulas  for  making  decorative  glass,  known 
as  the  Tiffany  favrile  glass.  He  is  a  na- 
tional academician. 

Tiffany,  Nina  Moore,  historian,  author, 
was  Ijurn  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Pilgrims  and  Puritans ;  Colony  to 
Commonwealth ;  and  Samuel  E.  Sewall,  a 
Memoir. 

Tiffany,  Osmond,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  July  16,  1823,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He 
was  paymasters  clerk  in  the  United  States 
army  in  1863-64 ;  and  a  custom-house  clerk 
in  Baltimore  since  1869.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Canton  Chinese ;  Brandon,  a  Tale  of 
the  American  Revolution  ;  and  Life  of  Gen- 
eral Otho  Williams. 

Tiffany,  Otis  Henry,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1825  in  Maryland,  He  is  a 
methodist  clergyman  of  prominence.  He  is 
the  author  of  Pulpit  and  Platform  Addresses 
and   Sermons. 

Tiffany,  Walter  Checkley,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  2,  1857,  in  Springfield,  Mass. 
Since  1885  he  has  practiced  law  in  Minneap- 
olis, Minn.  He  is  the  author  of  Law  of 
Persons;    and    Domestic    Relations. 

Tiffin,  Edward,  governor.  United  States 
senator,  was  born  June  19,  1766,  in  England. 
He  was  speaker  of  the  Ohio  territorial  leg- 
islature in  1799.  He  was  the  lirst  governor 
of  Ohio  in  1803-07  ;  and  in  1807-11  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Ohio.  He  was 
commissioner  of  the  general  land  office  in 
1812-15 ;  and  in  1815-29  was  surveyor-gen- 
eral of  tlie  northwest.  He  died  Aug.  9,  1829, 
in  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 

Tift,  Nelson,  congressman,  was  a  resident 
of  Albany,  Ga.  In  1867-69  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Georgia  to  the  fortieth  con- 
gress. 

Tigert,  John  James,  clergyman,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  25.  1856,  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.  He  was  professor  of  moral  phil- 
osophy in  Vanderbilt  university  in  1881-90  ; 
and  was  editor  of  Methodist  Review.  He 
was  the  author  of  Handbook  of  Logic  ;  The 
Preacher  Himself;  The  Making  of  Method- 
ism ;  A  Voice  from  the  South ;  Constitu- 
tional History  of  American  Episcopal 
Methodism  and  Theology,  in  two  volumes. 
He  died  in   1906  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Tighe,  Ambrose,  lawyer,  legislator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  8,  1859,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  Since  1886  he  has  practiced  law  in 
St.  Paul,  Minn.  In  1890  he  was  president 
of  the  Minnesota  water  works  company;  and 
in  1901  he  was  president  of  the  Duluth,  Red 
Wing  and  Southern  railway  company.  In 
1903  li('  was  a   representative  in   the  Minne- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


465 


sota  state  legislature.     IIo   is  tiie  aiitlior  of 
Development  of  the  Ityman  Constitution. 

Tilden,  Charles  William,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Maine.  In  IStil  he  was  tirst  lieutenant  in 
the  second  regiment  Maine  iufantiy  ;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
in  18G5. 

Tilden,  Daniel  R.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Coimeeticut.  In  1843-47  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-eiuhth 
and  twenty-ninth  coui,'resses.  He  died  in 
Ohio. 

Tilden,  Douglas,  educator,  artist,  sculptor, 
was  horn  May  1,  I860,  in  Cliico,  Cal.  From 
the  result  of  scarlet  fever  he  lost  his  hear- 
ing; and  studied  at  the  state  institute  for 
the  deaf  at  Berkeley,  Cal.  In  1879  he  grad- 
uated from  that  institution  :  and  in  187S-87 
was  there  en'gaged  in  teaching.  Since  1887 
he  has  been  engaged  as  a  sculptor  ;  and  in 
1894-1900  was  professor  of  sculpture  at 
Mark  Hopkins  art  institute  in  the  university 
of  California.  In  1893  he  was  a  juror  on 
sculpture  at  the  Chicago  exposition  ;  later 
was  a  juror  at  the  St.  Louis  exposition ; 
and  in  1900  received  a  medal  at  the  Paris 
exposition.  His  principal  monuments  are 
Commemorating  the  Admission  of  Califor- 
nia to  the  T'nion;  ^Mechanics  of  San  Fran- 
cisco; and  California  Volunteers  of  tiie 
Spanish-American  War. 
Tilden,  John  Henry, 
was  born  J;in.  21.  1851. 
111.  He  has  lectured  on 
siology  at  the  American 
St.  Louis,  Mo.  lie  is  the  author  of  Pun- 
ished Before  Birth;  and  A  Stufled  Club, 
nia'-'azini'. 

Tilden,  Samuel  Jones,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator,  governor,   was   born    Feb.   9,    1814,   in 

In  1846  he  was  eh^cted 
to  the  New  York  state 
legislature;  and  was 
again  elected  to  che 
state  legislature  in 
1870.  In  1875-77  he 
was  the  twenty-fiftli 
governor  of  New 
York.  A  volume  of 
Ills  Writings  and 
Speerlies  was  editi'il 
and  publisiied  in  1893. 
He  was  an  unsuccess- 
ful candidate  for  the 
preside  n  cy  of  the 
States.  He  died  Aug.  4.  1886,  in 
(ti'i'ysif)no.   near  Yonki-rs.   N.Y. 

Tilden,  William  Phillips,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  l.orn  in  Ibll  in  Massachusetts. 
ill'  was  a  unitarian  clergyman  of  Boston. 
He  was  the  autlior  of  The  Work  of  ihc  .Min- 
istry :  and  Buds  fur  the  Bridal  Wreath,  ll"- 
died  in  1S90  in   I'.osIdu.   .Mass. 

Tileston,  Mrs.  Mary  Wilder,  author,  poet, 
was  burn  Aug.  20.  1843.  in  Salem.  Mass.  She 
is  the  .luthor  of  (^uiet  Hours,  a  collection 
of  poems;  Selections  from  Marcus  Aurelins 
Antonius;   Selections  from   tiie   Imitation   of 


physician,  author, 
in  Vanbnrensburg. 
anatomy  and  phy- 
raedioal   college   of 


New  Lebanon.  N.Y. 


I'nited 


Christ ;  Hymns  of  Comfort ;  Sunshine  in  the 
Soul  ;   and   other  works. 

Tilford,  Frank,  merchant,  banker,  finan- 
cier, was  born  July  22,  1852,  in  New  York 
City.  He  graduated  from  the  Mount  Wash- 
ington collegiate  in- 
stitute. At  an  early 
age  he  entered  busi- 
ness with  his  father 
in  the  firm  of  Park  and 
Tilford  of  which  he 
became 
1906. 
w  a  s 
and  in 
president 
of     New 


president  in 
In  1889-96  he 
vice-i)resident ; 
1896-1901  was 
of  the  bank 
Amsterdam. 


He  is  president  of  the 
New  York  and  Queens 
gas  company;  president  of  the  New  York 
and  Queens  electric  light  and  power  com- 
pany ;  i)resident  of  the  Queens  investing 
company  ;  president  of  the  Tailfer  company  ; 
and  has  many  other  large  business  inter- 
ests. In  1900  he  was  a  presidential  elector. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  New  York  zoological 
society  ;  and  a  member  of  several  scientific 
societies. 

Tilford,  Joseph  Green,  soldier,  was  born 
Xov.  26,  1829.  in  (ieoigvtown.  Ky.  In  1851 
lie  was  brevetted  second  lieutenant  in  the 
mounted  rifles ;  served  through  various 
grades:  and  in  1904  was  retired  with  the 
raid\  of  Ijrigndiei-general. 

Tilghman,  Benjamin  Chew,  soldier,  was 
born  in  I'ennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  twenty-ninth  regiment  Peinisyl- 
vania  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
in'igndier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
July  3.  1901. 

Tilghman,  Lloyd,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1816  in  Talbot  county.  Md.  He  joined  the 
confederate  army  in  1861  :  and  was  com- 
missioned brii-'adier-general  in  1862.  He  died 
May   16.  1863.  near  Vicksburg,  .Miss. 

Tilghman,  Matthew,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  JK.rn  Feb.  17,  1718,  in  Her- 
mitage. Md.  In  1774-77  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Maryland  to  the  continental  congress, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  a  state  senator. 
He  died  Jlay  4.  1790.  in  Hermitage.  Md. 

Tilghman,   Tench,   soldier,   merchant,  was 


ixirn    1  >t 


1714.    in    Talbot   county,    Md. 


On  the  surrender  of  Cornwallis  he  was  se- 
lected by  Washington  to  bear  his  des])atch 
to  congress  announcing  tiiat  event.  He  was 
voted  the  thanks  of  congress,  a  sword,  and 
a  horse  with  accoutrements,  for  his  serv- 
ice. After  the  war  he  became  a  merchant 
in  Baltimore.  He  died  .\|)ril  18.  1786.  in 
Baititnure.   Md. 

Tilghman,  Tench,  soldier,  diplomat,  was 
boiti  .March  25.  1810,  in  Plimliinunon.  .Md. 
He  was  brigadier-general  of  Maryland  mili- 
tia in  1837-60;  and  major-general  in  1860-61. 
^le  was  slate  commissioner  of  public  works 
in  1841-51  :  and  siiperint(>ndent  of  tiie  mili- 
tary department  of  the  :\raryland  military 
academy  of  O.xford   in   1847-57.      In   1849-50 


466 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


he  was  United  States  consul  at  Mayaguez, 
Porto  Rico.  In  1857-60  he  was  collector  of 
customs  for  the  port  of  Oxford,  Md.  He 
died   Dec.  22.   1874,   in   Baltimore,   Md. 

Tilghman,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  was  born  Aug.  12,  1756,  in  Tal- 
bot county.  'Sid.  He  was  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania  in  1806-27. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Peiiusylvania  legis- 
lature for  several  years  from  1788.  He  was 
president  of  the  Philosophical  society  in 
1824  ;  and  in  1809  prepared  a  report  of  the 
English  statutes  in  force  within  the  state. 
He  died  April  30,  1827,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Till,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1743 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  I'ennsylvauia. 

Tillett,  Wilbur  Fisk,  clergyman,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  25,  1854.  in  Hender- 
son.   N.C.      In    1877    he   graduated    as    A.B. 

from      the     Randolph- 
■■■■■Mj^  "*  Macon  college  ;    and  in 

■PPI^^  1880    graduated    from 

»^^    f  -*..      '  the   Princeton   theolog- 

*  *         ical        seminary.       He 

has  received  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  D.D., 
A.M.,  LL.D.  and  S.T. 
I).  In  1880-82  he 
filled  a  pastorate  in 
the  methodist  ejjisco- 
pal  churcli  of  Dan- 
ville, Va.  In  1882-83 
lie  was  chaplain  and 
tutor  in  theology;  and  since  1884  has  been 
professor  of  systematic  theology  ;  and  since 
1886  has  been  dean  of  the  theological  facul- 
ty and  vice-chancellor  in  Vanderbilt  univer- 
sity of  Nashville,  Temi.  He  is  the  author  of 
Our  Hymns  and  Their  Authors;  The  Doc- 
trines of  Methodism  ;  A  Statement  of  the 
Faith  of  Worldwide  JNIethodism ;  and  Per- 
sonal   Salvation. 

Tilley,  Lucy  Evangeline,  author,  poet,  was 
born  in  1859  in  Oliio.  Siie  is  a  verse  writer 
of  Medina,  Ohio.  She  is  the  author  of  Lit- 
tle  Rhymes. 

Tilley,  Risbrcugh  Hammett,  publisher,  li- 
brarian. anti;or.  was  burn  Sept.  1.  1850,  in 
Newport.  R.I.  In  1880-84  he  was  the  pub- 
lishe'r  of  the  Newport  Historical  Magazine  ; 
in  1884-87  he  was  editor  of  the  Rhode  Is- 
land Historical  Magazine;  and  in  1891-93 
he  was  editor  of  tlie  Magazine  of  the  New 
England  History.  Since  1884  he  has  been 
librarian  of  the  Newport  historical  society; 
and  since  1896  had  been  state  record  com- 
missioner of  Rhode  Island.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Oenealogy  of  the  Tilley  Family.  He 
died  Aug.  16.  1910. 

Tilley,  Thomas,  soldier,  architect,  was 
born  Feb.  28.  1824,  in  Eusland.  He  Avas 
educated  in  the  pul)lic  schools;  and  was  em- 
ployed on  a  farm  until  1852,  when  he  be- 
<>an  to  le.arn  the  trade  of  carpenter  and 
Iniildi'r.  In  IS.ifi  ho  was  employed  as  a 
builder  at  Xorthfield;  then  moved  to  Chi- 
cago, 111.;  and  then  continued  his  trade. 
In    18.')!)    he    began    prospecting    in    Wiscon- 


sin and  Minnesota.  He  taught  architect- 
ure in  the  south  until  1861.  In  1862  he  en- 
listed in  the  one  hundred  and  thirteenth  reg- 
iment Illinois  infantry  ;  but  returned  to  Chi- 
cago on  account  of  illuess.  In  1866  he  aban- 
doned building  and  devoted  himself  solely  to 
architecture.  In  1872  he  designed  the  court 
house  of  Chicago ;  and  later  became  city 
architect. 

Tillinghast,  Benjamin  Franklin,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  July  4,  1849,  in  East 
Greenwich,  R.I.  In  1882-94  he  was  asso- 
ciate editor  and  since  1904  has  been  editor 
of  the  Democrat  of  Davenport,  Iowa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Rock  Lslaud  Arsenal  in 
I'eace  and  War. 

Tillinghast,  Caleb  Benjamin,  educator, 
journalist,  lilnaiian,  author,  was  born  April 
3.  1843.  in  Greenwich,  R.I.  For  a  quarter 
of  a  century  he  was  acting  librarian  of  the 
ISIassachusetts  state  library,  and  ti-ea.surer 
of  the  Massachusetts  board  of  education ; 
and  in  1883  became  state  librarian.  He 
died   April   28,   1909.   in   Bo.ston,   Mass. 

Tillinghast,  James,  railroad  president, 
was  born  May  8,  1822,  in  Cooperstown.  N.Y. 
In   1841-43   he   was  the  owner  of  a  store  in 

Dexter,  N.Y.,  and 
then  embarked  in  the 
lake  trade.  In  1851- 
62  he  was  engaged  by 
the  Utica  and  Schen- 
ectady railroad  and 
the  Rome  and  Water- 
lown  railroad ;  be- 
came assistant  super- 
intendent of  the  lat- 
ter. In  1862  he  was 
one  of  the  organizers 
of  a  line  of  steam 
propellers  to  run  be- 
tween Goderick,  Port  Huron  and  Chicago ; 
and  sold  his  interest  in  1884.  In  1885  he  be- 
came president  of  the  Buffalo.  Erie  and  New 
York  central  railroad  ;  and  in  1879  became 
president  of  the  Canadian  southern  railroad. 
In  1884  he  became  president  of  the  Wagner 
sleeping  car  company.  He  died  about  1899 
in  Buffalo,  N.Y. 

Tillinghast,  Nicholas,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  22,  1804,  in  Taunton,  Mass. 
In  1827-34  he  was  instructor  at  West  Point; 

and  in  1836  resigned 
from  the  army  to  es- 
tnldish  a  private 
school  in  Boston.  He 
was  principal  of  the 
normal  school  at 
Bridgewater  in  1840- 
53.  He  was  author 
of  Elements  of  Plane 
Geometry  ;  and  Pray- 
( rs  for  Schools.  He 
died  April  10.  1856,  in 
I'.ridgewater,    Mass. 

Tillinghast,  Joseph  Leonard,  lawyer,  state 

legislator.  ( ongrcssman.  was  born  in  1790  in 
Taunton.  Mass.  In  1833  he  was  elected  a 
member  of   the   board   of   trustees  of   Brown 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


467 


university.  In  1837-43  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Rhode  Ishuul  to  the  twenty- 
fifth,  twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  con- 
gresses ;  and  was  for  many  years  a  member 
of  the  state  legislature,  and  was  elected 
speaker  on  several  occasions.  To  him  was 
awarded  the  authorship  of  the  free  schools, 
and  improved  judiciary  sj'stem  of  his  native 
state.  lie  died  Dec.  30.  1844,  in  Providence. 
K.I. 

Tillinghast,  Pardon,  merchant,  clergyman, 
was  hurn  in  1G22.  in  Kn,:,'land.  lie  tounded 
a  numerous  fauiily,  whose  members  are  now 
found  in  Dearly  every  state  and  territory  of 
the  I'nited  States.  lie  was  i)astor  of  the 
First  baptist  church  in  Providence  in  1678- 
1718.  In  addition  to  his  pastoral  duties 
and  his  occupation  of  a  merchant,  lie  was 
many  times  a  nu-mlier  of  the  liouso  of  depu- 
ties. He  died  Jan.  19.  1718.  in  Providence, 
IM. 

Tillinghast,  Pardon  Elisha,  educator,  sol- 
dier, lawyer.  liVLiislaior.  jiu'ist,  was  born  Dec. 

10.  183fi.  in  West  (Jreenwich.  K.I.  In  1862 
hf  entered  the  union  army  as  a  private  in 
the  twelfth  regiment  Rhode  Island  volun- 
teers ;  and  was  promoted  to  (juartermastei' 
sergeant  and  acting  <iuartermaster.  In  1867 
he  began  the  practice  of  law  in  Pawtucket, 
K.I.:  was  town  solicitor  in  1872-81;  and 
served  several  terms  as  a  member  of  the 
Rhode  Island  geueral  assembl.v.  For  years 
he  served  in  -the  Rhode  Island  militia  ;  and 
for  eight  years  was  judge  advocate-general 
of  Rhode  Island  with  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral. In  1881-91  he  was  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas ;  and  in  1891  hei-ame  judge 
of  the  appellate  division.  He  died  in  1905 
in    Pawtucket,    R.l. 

Tillinghast,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  burn  A\ig.  26.  1742.  in  East 
Greenwich.  L.I.  In  1781-87  and  1791-98  he 
was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Rhode  Island.  In  1797-99  and  1801-03 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Rhode  Island 
to  the  fifth  and  seventh  congresses.  He  died 
Aug.   26.   1S21.    in    Fast    (Jreenwich.    N.Y. 

Tillman,  Benjamin  Ryan,  farmer,  gover- 
nor.   I'nited    States   seuatur.    was   born    Aug. 

11.  1847.    in    Fdgefield   county,   S.C.      He   re- 

ceived     an      academic 
education.      He  joined 
the   confederate   states 
annv.      but     saw      no 
service   on    account    of 
illness.      I'ntil   1886  he 
was  engaged    in    farm- 
ing.     He    founde<l    the 
Cleinson      agrieulturai 
and      Uiechanical      col- 
lege  at    Calhoun's    old 
home.   Fort   Hill  ;   and 
louuded   the  Winthori' 
nornial    and    industrial 
was   the   author  of  the  disiien- 
of    selling    licpior    under    state 
and  was  one  of  the  leaders  in  secuf- 
ins'Mtiou    of    advanced    iiositiotis    in 


college.      He 
sary    system 
control ; 
ing    the 


the  democratic  platform   of   1896.      In    1890-       of  Dress  on   Healll 


94  he  was  the  forty-ninth  governor  of  South 
Carolina.  Since  1895  he  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  United  States  senate,  his  present 
term  ending  in   1913. 

Tillman,  George  D.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Aug.  21, 
1826.  in  Edgefield  comity,  S.C.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  South  Carolina  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1854  and  1864.  Ho 
served  in  the  confederate  army  in  1862-85. 
II»'  was  a  state  senator  in  1865.  In  1879-93 
he  was  a  representative  from  South  Caro- 
lina to  the  forty-sixth,  forty-eighth,  forty- 
ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-first  and  fifty-secoiid 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  1901 
in  Clark's  Hill,  S.C. 

Tillman,  George  N.,  lawyer,  government 
official,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1851,  in  Bedford 
county,  Tcnn.  In  1873-74  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Tennessee  legislature ;  and  in  1896 
was  a  candidate  for  governor  of  Tennessee. 
In  1877-82  he  was  assistant  United  States 
attorney;  and  in  1882-96  was  United  States 
marshal  for  middle  Tennessee. 

Tillman,  James  Hammond,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  burn  June  27,  1S69,  in  Edgefield 
county,  S.C.  He  is  one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  of  South  Carolina  ;  and  has  served 
as  state  senator  in  the  SoutFi  Carolina  leg- 
islature. He  is  brigadier-general  of  the 
South  Carolina  volunteer  troops. 

Tillman,  John  Newton,  educator,  platform 
lecturer,  lawyer,  jurist,  college  president, 
was  born  Dec.  13,^  1859,  in  Springfield,  Mo. 
In  1883  he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 
law;  and  in  1884-88  was  circuit  judge  of 
Washington  county.  Ark.  In  1888-92  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Arkansas  state  senate. 
In  1892-98  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  of 
the  fourth  judicial  district  of  Arkansas ;  and 
in  1901-05  was  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial 
district.  Since  1905  he  has  been  president 
of  tlie  university  of  .\rkansas. 

Tillman,  Lewis,  agriculturist,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  18,  1816,  in  Bed- 
ford county,  .Tenn.  He  was  clerk  of  the 
circuit  court  in  1852-60;  and  of  the  chancery 
court  in  1865-68.  In  1869-71  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Tennessee  to  the  forty-first 
congress  as  a   republican. 

Tillotson,  Mrs.  Mary  Ella,  reformer,  au- 
thor, poet,  teacher  of  hygienic  law  in  diet 
and    clothing,    was    born    Nov.    15.    1816,    in 

_  __  central   New  York. 

.     ^"^1^     -  I     Her    whole    life    was 

'   "  devoted  to  science,  lit- 

erature, and  universal 
reform.  She  studied 
diseases  and  remedies, 
but  instead  of  prac- 
--T»  I  icing     cures,      taught 

Jlj*  "^  jucventives.      She    lec- 

I^^'         '^^nH^        lured.       formed      soci- 
■  T^.\.       etics,    made    six    anti- 

*^  lashions      conventions, 

■"r.         ^-^  ^  >,«  -^     and  gave  to   women   a 
iniual    idan    of    teacli- 
iii;;  <  lnldren.     Slio  was  the  author  of  Effects 
a  History  of  the  Dress 


^^ 


468 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Movement  fioui  1850  to  1885  ;  and  a  volume 
of  Miscellaneous  Poems.  She  died  in  1897 
in  Viueland.  N.J. 

Tillman,  Samuel  Dyer,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  April  1,  1815,  in  Utioa.  N.Y.  He 
devoted  liimself  to  scientific  pursuits.  He 
was  the  author  of  a  Treatise  on  Musical 
Sounds.  He  died  Sept.  4.  1875.  in  New  Yurie 
City. 

Tillman,  Samuel  Escue,  soldier,  educator, 
author,  was  Ijoru  Oct.  2,  1847,  in  Shelby- 
ville,  Tenn.  He  has  been  professor  of  chem- 
istry at  West  Point  since  1880.  He  is  the 
author  of  Elementary  Lessons  in  Heat ;  Es- 
sential Principles  of  Chemistry  ;  and  A  Text- 
book of  Common  ^linerals  and  Koeks. 

Tillotson,  Thomas  C,  stockman,  jurist, 
was  born  :\rar<h  11,  1853,  ia  Bcone  county, 


111. 


bly   in   his   district, 
mail  coutra(  tor.  and 


During  1870-75  he  was  engaged  in  the 
hardware  business  iri 
Chicago.  111. :  and  was 
an  eye  witness  of  the 
i;reat  conflagration  of 
Oct.  9,  1871.  He  ha^ 
he(>n  postmaster  of 
Lincoln.  N.M. :  pro- 
bate clerk  and  regis- 
ter of  deeds,  and  judge 
of  the  probate  court. 
In  1890  he  was  the 
nominee  of  rhe  repub- 
lican conveutiou  for 
the  legislative  assem- 
Ho  was  a  Star  Kouto 
operated  a  line  or  route 
of  one  hundred  and  thirty-six  miles  in 
length  ;  and  for  four  years  was  receiver  of 
the  court  in  a  very  important  cattle  suit. 
He  is  a  successful  rancher  and  stockraiser 
of  Lincoln  county,  N.M. ;  and  takes  a  pronii- 
n<^nt  ]iart  in  all  public  affairs. 

Tillson,  Davis,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
was  born  April  14.  1830,  in  Rockland,  ilaine. 
In  1857  he  was  elected  to  the  ^Nlaine  state 
legislature;  and  in  1887  became  adjutant- 
general  of  the  state.  He  served  through  tlie 
civil  war  in  the  artillery;  and  in  18C5  hati 
command  of  the  district  of  east  Tennessee. 
He  died  April  30,  1895.  in  Portland,  Maine. 
Tillson,  George  William,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  18.  1852.  in  Thomas- 
ton,  Maine.  In  1877  he  graduated  with  the 
degree  of  C.E.  from  Bowdoin  college.  In 
1880  he  was  assistant  engineer  in  charge  of 
sewer  construction  at  Alemphis,  Tenn. ;  and 
in  1880-81  made  the  plans  and  constructed 
the  sewer  system  of  Kalaauizoo,  Mich.  In 
1881-87  he  was  in  charge  of  the  paving  and 
sewer  construction  of  Omaha.  Neb. ;  and 
was  city  engineer  in  1887-92.  In  1895-1902 
he  was  assistant  engineer  in  charge  of  pave- 
ments at  Brooklyn,  N.i'. ;  and  since  1902 
has  been  chief  engineer  in  the  bureau  of 
highways  for  the  borough  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y 
He  is  the  author  of  Street  Pavements  and 
Paving  Materials;  ;uid  numerous  papers  to 
engineering   periodicals. 

Tillson,  John,  soldier,  journalist,  Avas  born 
in   Illinois.     In   1861   he  was  captain   in   the 


tenth  regiment  Illinois  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigauicr-gcneral  of  vol- 
unteers. He  died  Aug.  7,  1892,  in  Quincy,  111. 
Tilson,  John  Quillin,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  April  5,  1866,  in  Clearb  ranch, 
Tenn.  In  1891  he  graduated  from  Y'ale  col- 
lege ;  and  in  1893  graduated  from  the  Yale 
law  .school.  He  began  the  practice  of  law 
iu  New  Haven,  Conn.  At  the  outbreak  of 
the  Spanish-American  wa*  he  accepted  a 
commission  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  sixth 
L'nited  States  vohmteer  infantry ;  and  soon 
rose 'to  the  rank  of  major  iu.the  Connecticut 
national  guard.  In  1904  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Connecticut  general  assembly ;  and 
in  1907  was  speaker  of  the  Connecticut 
house  of  representati\es.  In  1909-11  he  was 
a  representative  from  Connecticut  to  the 
sixty-first  congress  as  a  republican. 

Tilton,  Benjamin  Trowbridge,  physician, 
author,  was  born  July  17,  1868,  iu  Newport, 
K.I.  He  is  a  physician  of  New  York  City. 
He  translated  Die  Speoielle  Chirurgie,  in 
(wo  volumes;  and  Allgemeine  Chirurgie  from 
the  German  of  Tillmann,  in  three  volumes. 
Tilton,  Daniel,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1878  he 
was  a[)pointe(l  United  States  judge  for  the 
territory  of  Mississippi.  He  died  in  Missis- 
sippi. 

Tilton,  Frederic  William,  educator,  was 
born  iiay  14.  1839.  in  Cambridge,  xMass.  In 
1867  he  was  appointed  superintendent  of 
imblic  schools  at  Newport,  K.I.  In  1871-73 
he  was  principal  of  the  Phillips  academy  of 
Andover.  Mass. 

Tilton,  Howard  Winslow,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  -June  9,  1849,  in  Frankfort, 
Maine.  In  1875  he  became  editor.  He  was 
the  author  of  Lay  Sermons.  He  died  in 
1902,   in   Council   Bluffs,  Iowa. 

Tilton,  James,  physician,  surgeon,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  1,  1745,  in  Kent 
county,  Del.  He  became  distinguished  as 
a  surgeon  during  the  revolutionary  war; 
and  from  1777  to  the  close  of  the  war  acted 
i;S  hospital  surgeon,  and  introduced  the  use 
of  hospital  huts.  In  1783-85  he  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Delaware  to  the  continental  con- 
press;  and  in  1785  was  appointed  commis- 
sioner of  loans.  In  1812  he  was  appointed 
surgeon-general  cf  the  United  States  army. 
He  was  the  author  of  Observations  on 
Military  Hospitals.  He  died  May  14,  1822, 
ni   Wilmington.  Drl. 

Tilton,  John  Rollin,  artist,  was  born  in 
1833,  in  Loudon,  N.H.  His  best  works  were 
The  Palace  of  Thebes;  Como;  Venice;  Vene- 
tian Fishing  Boats;  Rome  from  Mount 
Aventine:  Lagoons  of  Venice;  and  Kosmom- 
l.o.  He  died  March  22,  1888,  in  Rome,  Italy. 
Tilton,  Theodore,  journalist,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Oct.  2,  1835,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  editor  of  The  New  Y'ork  Indepen- 
dent in  1S63-72;  and  in  1883  became  resi- 
dent of  Europe.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
American  Board  and  Slavery;  The  King's 
Ring;  Sanctum  Sanctorum  or  an  Editor's 
Proof   Sheets;    Life   of   Victoria   Woodhull; 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


469 


Ti'iupest-Tosscd,  a  novel;  SAvabian  Stoiios; 
'J'lif  .Sexton's  Tale,  and  Other  Poems;  and 
Tliou  and  1,  a  volume  of  poems.  He  died 
May  -i"),  1007,  in  Paris,  France. 

Tilton,  William  Frederic,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1807,  in  Massacliusetts. 
He  is  the  author  of  Die  Spanische  Armada; 
and  The  Life  of  Philip  the  Second. 

Tilton,  William  Stowell,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Massatliusi'tts.  In  18(51  he  was  first  lieu- 
ti'nant  and  adjutant  in  tlie  twenty-second 
regiment  Massachusetts  infantry;  and  in 
18()4  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  died  :March  23,  1889,  in  New- 
tonviile,    ^lass. 

Timayenis,  Telemachus  Thomas,  author, 
was  born  in  18.)3,  in  Asia  Minor.  He  is  a 
writer  of  New  York  City;  and  a  resident 
in  the  United  States  since  1870.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Modern  Greek,  Its  Pronun- 
ciation and  Relations  to  Ancient  Greek;  A 
History  of  Greece;  Greece  in  the  Times  of 
Homer;  Contes  Tires  de  Shakespeare;  Talks 
with  Aesop;  and  In  Search  of  Happiness,  a 
play. 

Timby,  Theodore  Ruggles,  mechanic,  in- 
ventor, was  born  April  5,  1819,  in  Dover. 
N.Y.  He  made  a  model  of  a  marine  tur- 
ret, and  at  that  time  filed  a  caveat  in  the 
United  States  patent  ofiice  for  a  metallic 
revolving  fort,  to  be  used  on  land  or  water, 
and  to  be  revolved  by  propelling  engines 
located  within  the  same,  acting  upon  suit- 
able meciianism.  In  1861  he  devised  the 
method,  now  in  universal  use,  of  firing 
heavy  guns  by  electricity;  and  also  devised 
other  inventions  of  practical  utility.  He  Is 
llie  author  of  Beyond;  Stellar  Worlds;  and 
I.iglited    Lore    for   Gentle   Folk. 

Timlin,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  l)orn  :May  28,  18.V2,  in  ^Mequon,  Wis. 
In  1877  lie  practiced  law  in  Kewanee,  Wis.; 
and  in  1806  was  elected  justice  of  the  su- 
prenu'  court  of  Wisconsin  for  the  term  end- 
ing in   1017. 

Timlow,  Elizabeth  Westyn,  educator,  au- 
tlinr,  was  Itnni  .luiie  24.  18(11.  in  Rliine- 
beck,   N.Y.      She    received    a    p'rivate    school 

education  with  special 
college  courses  at 
Wellesley  and  Cornell 
universities.  In  1893 
she  established,  with 
with  her  sister,  a 
boarding  school  for 
girls  in  NutU-y.  N.J., 
whieli  was  moved  to 
Mdiitclair.  N..1.  i  n 
1000.  She  is  tlie  a\i- 
thor  of  Cricket,  a 
Story  for  Little  Girls; 
Cricket  at  tlio  Sea- 
shore; Cricket  and  Eunice;  Dorotliy  Dot; 
What  Came  to  Winifred;  and  A  Nest  of 
Girls;    and   is  a   magazine  contributor. 

Timon,  John,  <dergyman.  bishop,  was  born 
I'l'l).  12,  1707,  in  Conewago,  l*a.  He  became 
a  member  of  the  Lazarist  order.    His  great 


achievement  was  establishing  his  order 
in  the  United  States.  He  died  April  16, 
18(i7,  ill  Pullalo,  N.Y. 

Timrod,  Henry,  journalist,  poet,  was  born 
Dec.  8,  1829,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  Spring  in 
Carolina  is  one  of  his  best  poems.  He  died 
Oct.  6,  1867,  in  Columbia,  S.C. 

Timrod,  William  Henry,  bookbinder,  au- 
tiior,  was  burn  in  1702,  in  South  Carolina. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  volume  of  Lyrics. 
He  died  in  1838,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 

Tincker,  Mary  Agnes,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  July  18,  1835,  in  Ellsworth,  Maine. 
Slie  lived  in  Italy  in  1873-87;  and  subse- 
quently in  Boston.  She  was  the  author  of 
Signer  Monaldini's  Niece;  The  Jewel  in  the 
Lotus;  Aurora;  Two  Coronets;  By  the 
Tiber;  The  House  of  Yorke;  A  Winged 
Word:  Grapes  and  Thorns;  Six  Sunny 
Months;  San  Salvador;  and  Autumn  Leaves. 
She   died   in    1907,   in  Boston,  Mass. 

Tinker,  George  Frederick,  merchant,  man- 
ufacturer, banker,  statesman,  was  born  Feb. 
13,  1834,  in  Marlow,  N.H.  He  received  an 
academic  education.  Since  1855  he  has  been 
engaged  as  a  provision  merchant  and  maiui- 
facturer.  He  is  president  of  the  Union 
lank;  and  a  trustee  of  the  New  London 
Savings  bank.  He  has  been  a  member  of 
tlie  Connecticut  hovise  of  representatives; 
and  for  three  years  was  mayor  of  his  city. 
He  has  been  president  of  the  Young  men's 
christian  association;  and  president  of  the 
Smith  memorial  home. 

Tinker,  Martin  Buel,  physician,  surgeon, 
A\as  bum  Mareh  17,  1869.  in  Granville, 
Mass.  He  received  the  degree  of  B.S.  from 
Harvard  university,  gi'aduated  from  the  Jeff- 
erson medical  college  of  Philadelphia,  at- 
tended tlie  university  of  Berlin,  and  studied 
in  Lei])zig.  Bern,  Paris,  London  and  (Glas- 
gow. In  1003-11  he  was  professor  of  sur- 
gery in  Cornell  university.  He  is  now  sur- 
geon to  the  Clifton  Springs  sanitarium.  He 
is  the  inventor  of  the  three-blade  abdominal 
retractor.  He  is  the  author  of  twenty-live 
papers   on   medical   subjects. 

Tinnin,  Wiley  James,  lawyer,  merchant, 
banker,  legislator,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1820. 
pear  Jackson,  Miss.  In  1850  he  moved  to 
San  Francisco;  followed  mining  in  Sacra- 
mento. Placer,  Nevada  and  Trinity  counties 
for  three  years.  He  then  engaged  in  mer- 
chandise and  banking  in  Weaverville;  and 
also  practiced  law.  During  1871-74  he  was 
a  representative  in  the  assembly  of  the 
California  state  legislature;  ami  then  served 
a  term  in  the  state  senate.  In  1870  he 
served  as  a  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional ct)nvention.  In  1885  he  was  ap- 
pointed sniveyor  of  the  port  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  filled  that  office  for  four  years. 
In  1891  he  moved  to  Fresno,  wliere  he  has 
since  been  actively  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  and  in  dealing  in  mines.  He  stands 
high  in  fraternal  orders,  and  in  1880  served 
as  grand  high  ])riest  of  the  myal  areh 
masons  of  California. 


470 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Tipple,  Ezra  Squier,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  23,  ISGl,  in  Camden,  N.Y.  In 
1887  he  entered  tlie  methodist  episcopal  min- 
istry; and  filled  several  pastorates  in  New 
York  City.  Since  1905  he  has  been  profes- 
sor of  practical  theology  in  Drew  theologi- 
cal seminary.  He  is  the  author  of  Heart  of 
Ashbury's  -journal;  The  Minister  of  God; 
and  two  series  of  Drew  Sermons. 

Tipton,  John,  United  States  senator,  was 
born  Aug.  14,  1786,  in  Sevier  county,  Tenn. 
He  moved  to  Indiana  in  1806;  and  in  1831- 
39  he  was  a  United  States  senator.  He 
died   April   5,    1830,   in   Logansport,  Ind. 

Tipton,  Thomas  W.,  clergyman,  lawyer, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  5, 
1817,  in  Cadiz,  Oliio.    In  1845  he  was  elected 

to  the  Ohio  legisla- 
ture; and  was  for 
three  years  at  the 
head  of  a  division  of 
the  general  land  office 
in  Washington.  He 
moved  to  Nebraska 
territory ;  and  was 
chosen  a  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  con- 
vention. In  1860  he 
was  a  councilman  in 
the  territorial  legis- 
lature. He  served 
during  the  civil  war  as  chaplain  of  the 
first  regiment  of  Nebraska  infantry.  In 
1867-75  he  Avas  United  States  senator.  He 
died  April  28.  1899,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Tipton,  Thomas  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  29,  1833,  in  Frank- 
lin county.  Ohio.  He  was  state's  attorney 
for  the  eighth  judicial  district  of  Illinois  in 
1867-68:  and  was  elected  judge  of  the  eighth 
judicial  circuit  in  1870.  In  1877-79  he  was 
a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the  forty- 
fifth  congress  as  a  republican.  In  1891-97 
lie  was  again  judge  of  the  circuit  court.  He 
died    in    1904,    in    Bloomington.   111. 

Tirindelli,  Pier  Adolf o,  musician,  violinist, 
author,  was  born  May  5,  1858,  in  Italy.  He 
is  the  author  of  Compositions  for  Violin  and 
Piano;  Concertos  for  Violin  and  Orchestra; 
and    many    songs,   cantatas    and    operas. 

Tirrell,  Charles  Quincy,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1847, 
in  Sharon,  Mass.  Since  1870  he  has  prac- 
ticed law  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1872  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts state  legis- 
lature; and  in  1881- 
82  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate.  In 
1888  he  Avas  a  repub- 
lican presidential  elec- 
tor. He  has  been 
grand  master  of  the 
independent  order  of 
odd  fellows  of  Massa- 
cliusetts.  In  1901-11 
I'C  was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 
to  the  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth, 


sixtieth  and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a 
icpublican. 

Tisdall,  Fitz  Gerald,  educator,  public  offi- 
cial, author,  was  born  March  15,  1840,  in 
New  York  City.  Since  1879  he  has  been 
professor  of  the  Greek  language  and  litera- 
ture at  the  college  city  of  New  York.  Since 
1892  he  has  been  a  justice  of  the  peace  at 
Woodbridge,  N.J.  He  is  the  author  of 
Heroic  Hexameter. 

Tisdel,  Frederick  Monroe,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  Jan.  7, 
1869,  in  Belvidere,  111.  In  1900-04  he  was 
professor  of  English  at  the  Armour  institute 
of"  technology;  and  since  1904  has  been 
president  of  the  university  of  Wyoming.  He 
is  the  author  of  Studies  in  the  English 
Classics. 

Titchener,  Edward  Bradford,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  11,  1867,  in  England. 
He  was  professor  of  psychology  at  Cornell 
university  in  1892-95;  and  Sage  professor 
of  psychology  there  since  1895.  He  is  Amer- 
ican editor  of  Mind,  and  co-editor  of  The 
American  Journal  of  Psychology.  Beside 
translating  Knelpe's  Outlines  of  Psychology 
11  nd  other  German  works,  he  is  author  of 
An  Outline  of  Psychology;  and  a  Primer 
of    psychology. 

Titcomb,  Jonathan,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1728,  in  Newbury,  Mass.  He 
Avas  a  member  of  the  committee  of  safety; 
and  of  the  provincial  congress  in  1774-75. 
He  Avas  a  brigadier-general  of  militia;  and 
Avas  naval  officer  of  Newburyport  in  1789- 
1812.     He  died  in  1817,  in  NeAvbury,  Mass. 

Titcomb,  Sarah  Elizabeth,  author,  was 
born  in  1841,  in  Massachusetts.  She  Avas 
the  author  of  Early  NeAv  England  People; 
I\Iind-Cure  on  a  Material  Basis;  and  Aryan 
Sun  Myths  the  Origin  of  Religions.  She 
died  in  1895,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Titherington,  Richard  Handfield,  educator, 
journalist,  author,  Avas  born  Oct.  2,  1861, 
in  England.  He  engaged  in  teaching;  since 
1886  has  been  Avith  the  publishing  house  of 
Frank  A.  Munsey;  and  is  noAV  managing 
editor  of  Munsey's  magazine.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  History  of  the  War  with  Spain. 

Titterington,  Mrs.  Sophie  Bronson,  littera- 
teur, author,  Avas  born  March  13,  1846,  in 
India,  of  missionary  parents.  She  is  the 
author  of  A  Summer  Brother;  Hilltop 
Farm;  Little  Pilgrim  Series;  A  ncAV  En- 
deavor:  and  Folded  Hands. 

Titus,  Anson,  clergyman,  lecturer,  author, 
Avas  born  June  21,  1847,  in  Phelps,  N.Y.  He 
is  an  antiquarian  examiner,  historical  col- 
laborator and  historical  lecturer.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  historical  associa- 
tion; and  a  life  member  of  the  New  Eng- 
land   historic-genealogical    society. 

Titus,  Herbert  Bradwell,  soldier,  Avas  born 
in  NeAv  Hampsliire.  In  1861  he  Avas  second 
lieutenant  in  tiie  second  regiment  Ncav 
Hampshire  infantry;  and  in  1865  Avas  bre- 
Actted  brigadier-general  of  A'olunteers.  He 
Avas   honorablv  mustered  out   in   1865. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


471 


Titus,  John,  lawj'er,  jurist,  was  born  in 
rrnnsylvaiiia.  He  was  appointed  from 
Pennsylvania  an  associate  justice  of  tlie 
I'nitcd  States  court  for  the  territory  of 
Arizona;  and  was  subsecjuently  appointed 
(liief  justice  of  the  same  court  for  tlie 
territory  of  Utah,  presiding  at  Salt  Lake 
City.     He  died  in   Arizona. 

Titus,  Lorenzo  Udolphus  Cameron,  law- 
yer, li'irislator,  was  born  Feb.  27,  1834, 
in    South    Norwich,    Ontario,    Canada.      He 

received  a  thorough 
education,  and  r  e- 
ceived  the  degree  of 
LL.R.  from  the  Al- 
bert university  of  On- 
tario. He  served  two 
terms  as  a  member  of 
the  municipal  council 
of  Trenton,  Ontario, 
in  which  city  he  prac- 
ticed law  with  suc- 
cess until  he  moved 
to  Minnesota.  He 
practiced  in  Duluth, 
then  Grand  Marais;  and  in  1896  was  elect- 
ed county  attorney  of  Cook  county,  and  re- 
elected in  1898.  He  has  contributed  exten- 
sively to  law  literature,  and  takes  an  ac- 
tive part  in  puVjlic  affairs. 

Titus,  Obediah,  congressman.  In  1837-39 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  twentv-lifth  congress.  He  died  in  New 
York. 

Titus,  Robert  Cjnrus,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  24,  1839.  in  Eden,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 

Eri';  county  and  at 
Oberlin  collece.  He 
tau!:ht  school  for  a 
short  time  and  then 
began  the  study  of 
law.  In  1863-G4  he 
served  in  the  civil 
war.  In  1865-C6  he 
was  special  deputy 
clerk  of  Erie  county. 
For  thirty  years  he 
has  practiced  law  in 
Hnffalo,  N.Y.  He  was 
district  attorney  of 
Erie  connty  for  three  years;  state  senator 
in  the  New  York  legislature  for  four  ycar.>; 
and  has  filled  the  positions  of  judge  of  the 
sui)erior  conrt  of  RnfTalo  and  justice  of  the 
supienie   court    of    New    York. 

Toadvin,  Edward  Stanley,  lawyer,  land 
coininis>;i<)Mfr.  v.  as  iiorii  I)cc.  3.  1848.  in 
Salisbury,  Md.  He  was  educated  at  I'rince- 
lf>n  c(>!h'm>  and  at  th-^  luiiversily  of  A'ir^'inia. 
lie  has  been  states  attorney  for  Wicomico 
county.  ^Id. :  and  since  1900  lie  has  been 
land  comtnis^ioncr  of  Maryland  at  Salisbury. 
Toaspern,  Otto,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
March  26,  18f.3.  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  He  has 
been  instructor  in  the  National  academy  of 
desijin  of  New  York  City.  Tie  is  best  known 
as  an  illustrator  for  Life.  CVntury.  Harper's 
and   The   Ladies'   Home  Journal. 


Tobey,  Edward  Silas,  merchant,  govern- 
nient  nljicial.  was  boi-n  Ajiri!  5,  1813.  in 
Kinjiston,  Mass.  He  bej;an  his  business 
( areer  in  a  counting  room  ;  and  in  1833  be- 
came a  paitner;  and  continued  that  business 
until  1866.  lie  was  one  of  tlie  founders  of 
the  Boston  i)oard  of  trade ;  and  in  1861-63 
was  its  president.  In  1866  he  was  elected 
to  the  state  senate:  and  in  1875-86  was  post- 
master of  Boston.  He  died  March  29,  1891,. 
in   Brookline.  Mass. 

Tobey,  Frank  Bassett,  merchant,  manu- 
facturer, was  born  Sept.  15,  1833,  in  Dennis, 
Mass.  In  1882  with  his  brothers  he  or- 
ganized the  Tobey  furniture  company  of 
Chicago,  111.,  of  which  he  is  president. 

Tobey,  Silas  B.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  No\.  10..  1861,  in  Cha)npai.,in,  111.  He 
is  a  successful  buperintendent  of  schools ; 
and  has  contributed  extensively  to  educa- 
tional journals.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Topical  Beference  Book  in  I'nited  States 
Historv. 

Tobin,  John,  accountant,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  11.  1868.  in  Elm  Grove,  111. 
He   received   the   rudiments  of  his  education 

in  the  public  schools 
of  Illinois;  then  went 
west  and  atiended  the 
Colfax  co!le.ge.  Wash- 
■»  pt,      ^PS  ington  ;    and    complet- 

ed his  education  in 
the  Peoria  business 
college.  Illinois,  from 
which  institution  he 
•graduated  in  1S92.  He 
has  attained  success 
as  an  accountant  and 
writer  on  financial  top- 
ics ;  has  filled  import- 
ant county  offices  in  Whitman  county. 
Wash. ;  was  elected  auditor  of  that  county 
in  1894  and  iv^-.un  in  1896.  He  is  the  author 
of  a  nundier  of  i)amphlets  and  articles  wliicii 
treat  of  legal  and  financial  subjects  as  a\)- 
plied    to    niunicii)al    goxernnient. 

Tobin,  L.,  educator,  college  president, 
founder.  lie  fonnt'ed  colleges  in  Yinton, 
Waterloo,  Iowa  Falls  and  Fort  Dodge.  He 
died  May  28,  1900,  iji  Fort  Dodge.  Iowa. 

Tod,  David,  lawyer,  state  senator,  diplo- 
mat, governor,  was  horn  Feb.  21,  1805.  in 
Youngstown.  Ohio.  In  1838  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Ohio  state  senate.  He  was  min- 
ister to  Brazil  in  1847-52.  He  was  the 
twenty-third  crovernor  of  Ohio  in  1862-64  ; 
and  supported  the  government  during  his 
term  of  ofliee.  He  died  Nov.  13.  1868.  in 
Yonnu'slown.    Oliio. 

Tod,  George,  soldier.  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1773.  in  SnfTield. 
Tonn.  In  1800  he  settled  in  (Jeorgetown. 
Ohio.  He  was  elected  state  senator  in  1804; 
served  as  judge  of  the  state  siii)reme  court 
in  1806-09;  was  inesiding  judge  of  tiie  third 
judicial  circuit  of  Ohio  hi  1815-34;  and  was 
afterward  prosecuting  attorni-y  for  Warren 
county.      He   was   appointed   lieutenant-colo- 


472 


hp:rringshaw'S  library  of  American  biography. 


nel  in  tlie  war  of  1812.     He  died  April   11, 
1841,  in  Warren  county,  Ohio. 

Todd,  Albert,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
in  1854  in  Rhode  Isrlaud.  He  is  a  lieutenant 
in  the  United  States  army.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Campaigns  of  the  Rebellion. 

Todd,  Albert  May,  chemist,  congressman, 
was  born  June  3,  1850,  near  2N^ottawa,  Mich. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  American  association 
for  the  advancement  of  science  ;  the  Ameri- 
can chemical  society  ;  the  Society  of  chemical 
industry,  international ;  and  the  American 
pharmaceutical  association.  In  1897-99  iie 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-fifth  con- 
gress. 

Todd,  Chapman  Coleman,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Ajnil  5.  1848,  m  Frankfort,  Ky. 
In  1866  he  graduated  from  the  United  States 
naval  academy;  became  lieutenant  in  1870; 
was  made  commander  in  1895 ;  and  was 
promoted  to  captain  in  1901.  In  1902  he 
was  retired  as  rear  admiral  of  the  United 
States  navy,  after  forry-oue  years'  of  service. 
Todd,  Charles  Scott,  soldier,  lawyer,  dip- 
lomat, .iournalist,  state  legislator,  was  born 
Jan.  22,  1791,  in  Danville,  Ky.  He  entered 
the  army  in  1812  as  acting  quartermaster  of 
the  northwestern  division  ;  and  in  1815  was 
inspector-general  with  rank  fif  brevet  colonel 
of  cavalry.  He  was  secretary  of  state  un- 
der INIadison  in/1816  ;  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  in  1817-18;  and  was  charge  d'af- 
fairs  to  Colombia  in  1818-28.  He  prei)nred 
sketches  of  the  life  of  Harrison  ui  1840; 
edited  the  Cincinnati  Republican ;  and  ac- 
companied General  Harrison  to  Washington 
in  1841.  He  was  minister  to  St.  I'etersburg 
in  1841-45.  He  died  May  14,  1871,  in  Baton 
Rouge,  La. 

Todd,  Charles  Burr,  journalist,  author, 
was  horn  Jan.  9,  1849,  in  Redding,  Conn. 
He   was   educated    in   the  public  schools  and 

by  private  tutors.  For 
several  years  he  was 
engaged  as  a  teacher. 
He  was  a  member  and 
secretary  of  the  Con- 
necticut conmiission 
for  erecting  old  head- 
quarters of  General 
Isreal  Putnam  at  Red- 
ding, Conn.,  into  Put- 
nam Memorial  park. 
He  was  a  member  and 
secretary  of  the  com- 
mictee  ajjpointed  to 
l)rint  early  records  of  the  city  of  New  York. 
He  is  the  author  of  Life  and  Letters  of  Joel 
Barlow  ;  General  History  of  the  Burr  Fam- 
ily ;  History  of  Redding,  Conn. ;  Story  of 
the  City  of  New  York;  The  Story  of  the 
City  of  Washington  ;  The  True  Arnold  ;  In 
Okie    :Massach\isetts ;    and    other   works. 

Todd,  David  Peck,  educator,  astronomer, 
nulhor.  was  born  March  19,  1855,  in  Lake 
Ridge,  N.Y.  Since  1881  he  has  been  profes- 
sor of  astronomy  and  navigation  ;  and  direct- 
or of  the  conservatory  of  xVmherst  college. 
He  has  had  charge  of  seven  scientific  expedi- 


tions ;  and  in  1908  he  was  -'•hief  of  the 
Lowell  expedition  to  the  Andes.  He  is  the 
author  of  A  New  Astronomy ;  Stars  and 
Telescopes ;    and    other    works. 

Todd,  Eli,  physician,  was  born  July  23, 
1769,  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  He  was  prin- 
cipally instrumental  in  founding  the  Retreat 
for  the  insane  .^.t  Hartford,  C9nn.,  one  of 
the  earliest  of  the  kind,  was  elected  its  su- 
perintendent, and  presided  over  it  till  his 
death.  He  died  Nov.  17,  1833,  in  Hartford- 
Conn. 

Todd,  Henry  Davis,  soldier,  mathemati- 
cian, was  born  Aug.  25,  1838,  in  Cambridge, 
;Mass.  He  served  in  the  civil  war ;  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  lieutenant  commander. 
In  1877  he  was  appointed  professor  of  math- 
ematics ;  and  in  1879-86  was  head  of  the  de- 
partment of  physics  and  chemistry.  In  1883- 
1900  he  was  on  duty  at  the  Nautical  Al- 
manac office  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  re- 
tired   from    acti\(>    service   in    1900. 

Todd,  Jacob  Jefferson,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
burn  INIarch  12,  1843,  in  Beaver  county,  Pa. 
He    received    his    education    in    the    common 

schools  of  Indiana 
and  in  Roanoke  sem- 
i  n  a  r  y  a  n  d  Fort 
Wayne  college,  and 
for  several  terms  he 
was  engaged  in  edu- 
cational work.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he 
served  as  a  soldier  in 
company  D,  one  hun- 
dred and  thirty-sev- 
enth regiment  Indiana 
volunteer  infantry.  On 
his  return  from  the 
service  he  began  the  study  of  lav,' ;  in  1866 
he  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  two  yeais 
later  opened  a  law  office  in  Bluffton,  Ind., 
where  he  had  since  resided  and  was  known 
as  a  prominent  member  of  the  legal  frater- 
nity. In  1880  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chi- 
cago convention  and  look  an  active  part  in 
securing  the  nomination  of  General  Garfield 
for  president.  In  1886  his  party  tendered 
his  name  as  a  candidate  for  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor but  he  declined  the  use  of  his  name. 
In  1894  he  was  the  nominee  for  judge  of  the 
twenty-eighth  judicial  circuit  and  in  1896  his 
name  was  put  forward  as  a  candidate  for 
governor.  In  1890  he  was  appointed  one  of 
the  commissioners  to  construct  and  furnish 
the  hospitals  for  the  insane  at  Logansport, 
Richmond  and  Evansville.  In  1895  he  was 
appointed  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees 
of  the  hospital  for  the  insane  at  Logansport, 
and  was  elected  president  of  the  board.  He 
filled  numerous  public  positions  of  honor ; 
and  was  grand  master  of  masons  for  In- 
diana in  1890-91.     He  died  in  1900. 

Todd,  James,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
:\lay  29,  1851.  in  Scotland.  He  was  com- 
missioned as  a  missionary  to  Manitoba  in 
1880;  and  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1888.  He 
has  been   svnodical   missionary  of  home  mis- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARi    OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


473 


sious,  pvesbytorian  dnirdi  of  Wisconsin ; 
secretary  of  Gale  collefje,  Wisconsin ;  and 
now  fills  a  pastorate  in  Esoanaba.  Mich.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Kelatiou  Between  Edu- 
cation and  Morality ;  Hand  Book  for  I'res- 
hyterians :  When  and  llow  and  by  Whom 
Was  the  Bible  Written. 

Todd,  James  Edward,  educator,  geologist, 
author,  as  born  Veh.  11.  184G,  in  Clarkstield. 
Ohio.  In  1892-1903  he  was  professor  of 
geology  and  mineralogy  ;  and  in  1897-98  was 
acting  president  of  the  university  of  South 
Dakohi.  Since  1881  he  has  been  assistant 
geologist  in  the  United  Stales  geological  sur- 
vey, lie  is  the  author  of  The  Quarternary 
of  Missouri;  and  The  Moraines  of  the  Mis- 
souri Coteau. 

Todd,  James  William,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  March  25,  1834.  in  Win- 
chester, Va.  About  1855  he  removed  to 
Shelby ville.  Ky. ;  and  established  the  Shel- 
byville  high  school,  in  1872  he  accepted  the 
presidency  of  the  Kentucky  high  school,  now 
known   as   the  Kentucky  eclectic  institute. 

Todd,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  1750  in 
Montgomery  county.  Pa.  He  was  an  aide 
to  General  Andrew  Lewis  in  ihe  battle  of 
Point  Pleasant.  He  succeeded  General 
George  Kogers  Clarke  in  command  at  Kas- 
kaskia  in  1778;  and  was  se\eral  years  civil 
governor  f.nd  colonel  of  the  county  of  Illi- 
nois. He  was  commandant  of  the  Kentucky 
forces  at  the  battle  of  Blue  Licks,  Aug.  18, 
1782.  and   was  killed   in  iliis  battle. 

Todd,  John,  jurist,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1779  at  Hartford,  Conn.  In  1821- 
25  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn.sylva- 
nia  to  the  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  con- 
gresses. In  1827  he  was  associate  justice  of 
tlie  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania.  He  died 
April  4.   1830.  in   Bedford,  Pa. 

Todd,  John,  surgeon,  was  born  April  27, 
1787.  iwar  Lexington.  Ky.  He  was  ai)point- 
ed  surgeon-general  of  the  Kentucky  troops 
in  the  war  of  1812  ;  and  was  at  the  battle 
and  mas.sacre  of  the  Kiver  Raisin  in  Can- 
ada, wb -re  he  was  caittured.  In  1827  he 
was  appointed  reirister  of  tb.e  llnited  States 
land  office  at  Springfield,   111.     He  died  Jan. 

9.  1865. 

Todd,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  9.  ISfiO.  in  Itutlaud.  Vt.  In  1842-72  he 
was  pastor  of  tin-  First  church  in  Pittslield. 
Mass.  Among  his  many  popular  works  arc 
included  Lectures  to  Children;  Studenfh 
Manual:  Trttth  Made  Simple;  Hints  to 
Young  Mi-n  ;  The  Daughier  at  School; 
Mountain  (Jcius;  Woman's  Ilii:hls ;  Sunset 
Land;  O!d-I''ashioned  Lives:  and  Future 
Punishment.  He  died  Aug.  24.  1873.  in 
Pittslield.    Mass. 

Todd,  John  Blair  Smith,  scddier.  eongresa- 
man.  wa  ^  born  Ajjril  4,  1814,  in  Lexington, 
Ky.  In  1861-65  he  was  territorial  delegate 
fri.m  Dakota  to  the  thirty-seventh  and  thir- 
Iv-eii-'hth  congresses.  When  the  civil  war 
commenced  he  was  appointed  a  bri-jadiei- 
general ;  and  commanded  a  division  in  the 
army    of   Tennessee.      He    was    re-elected    a 


delegate  to  congress,  where  he  served  until 
1865.  He  was  one  of  the  foimders  of  Yank- 
ton. He  died  Jan.  5,  1872.  mi  Yankton,  N.D. 
Todd,  Lemuel, .  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, w.as  born  June  29,  1817,  in  Carlisle, 
Pa.  In  1855-57  and  1873-75  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  thirty- 
fourth  and  forty-third  congresses.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war  as  majcr  of  the  first 
regiment  Pennsylvania  volunteer  reserve 
cori)s  ;  and  afterward  as  inspector-general  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  was  president  of  the  Car- 
lisle gas  and  water  works.  He  dipd  in  Car- 
lisle, Pa. 

Todd,  Levi,  soldier,  surveyor,  was  born  in 
1756  in  Peiuis.\lvania.  He  was  major,  colo- 
nel, briuadier  and  major-general  of  the  Ken- 
tucky forces  until  his  death  in  1807. 

Todd,  Mrs.  Mabel  Loomis,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Nov.  10.  1858.  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.  She  has  edited  The  Poems 
and  Letters  of  Emily  Dickinson  ;  A  Cycle  of 
Sonnets ;  and  is  the  author  of  Total  Eclipses 
of  the  Sim  :   and   Corono  and  Coronet. 

Todd,  Mrs.  Marion,  lawyer,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1841  in  Plymouth,  N.Y. 
She  is  a  lawyer  and  lecturer  of  Michigan. 
She  is  the  author  of  Railways  of  Europe 
and  America,  or  Government  Ownership ; 
Protective  Tarifif  Delusion;   and  Claudia. 

Todd,  Mrs.  Mary  Ives,  author,  poet,  was 
born  D.'c.  23,  1848,  in  Eddyville,  Iowa. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  New  Adam  and 
Eve;    and   a    novel    entitled    Little   Ruth. 

Todd,  Robert  Burr,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
jurist,  was  born  Jan.  17,  1825.  in  Howard 
county.  Mo.  He  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  the 
south  at  New  Iberia.  La.  He  has  served 
as  a  state  senator ;  has  been  a  delegate  to 
three  constitutional  conventions ;  and  in 
1880-88  was  associat'^  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Louisiana.  He  died  in  1901  in  New 
Iberia.   La. 

Todd,  Robert  Nathaniel,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Jan.  4,  1827.  in  Lexington, 
Ky.  In  1861  lie  was  appointed  surgeon  of 
the  twenty-sixth  Indiana  vohnitecrs.  He  was 
ai)i)ointed  professor  of  the  Indiana  medical 
college.  He  was  for  eight  years  physician  of 
the  Deaf  and  -liuid)  asylum.  He  died  Jmie 
13.   1883.   in    Indianapolis,   Ind. 

Todd,  Sereno  Edwards,  journalist,  author, 
was  b.)rn  in  1820  in  New  York.  He  was  a 
journalist  of  New  York  City;  ami  at  one 
period  agricultural  editor  of  The  Times.  Uq 
was  the  author  of  The  Apple  Culturist  ; 
Young  Farmer's  Manual ;  The  American 
Wheat  Culturist:  Country  Homes;  an. I  Ru- 
ral poetry  and  Coiuitry  Lyrics.  He  died  in 
1898   in   Orange.    N.J. 

Todd,  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
burn  Jan.  23,  1765,  in  Virginia.  He  emi- 
■;ra(ed  to  Ken(u<ky  in  1786,  and  began  to 
practice  law  at  Danville.  He  was  judge  of 
the  court  of  appeals  in  1801-06;  was  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Kentucky  in 
1806-07  ;  and  in  1807-26  was  associate  jus- 
tice   of    the    supreme    court    of    the    United 


474 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


States.  He  died  Feb.  7,  1826,  in  Frank- 
fort, Ky. 

Toebbe,  Augustus  Mary,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Jan.  17,  1829,  in  Hanover.  In 
1870  he  was  consecrated  Roman  catholic 
bishop  of  Covington,  Ky.  He  died  May  2, 
1884,    in   Covington,    Ky. 

Toedt,  Theodore  J.,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  Feb.  4,  1853,  in  ,\e\v  lork  City. 
He  acquired  an  excellent  reputation  as  a 
singer  in  oratoria,  church,  and  concert ;  and 
is  now  a  vocal  instructor  of  New  York  City. 
He  became  blind  in  1895. 

Toland,  George  W.,  congressman,  was  born 
about  1793  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1837-43 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  twenty-fifth,  twenty-sixth  and  twenty- 
seventh  congresses.  He  died  in  Pennsylva- 
nia. 

Toland,  Mrs.  Mary  B.,  author,  poet.  She 
was  the  author  of  Stella,  or  How  I  Tamed 
a  Wild  Indian  ;  Sir  Rae  ;  Iris,  the  Romance 
of  an  Opal  Ring;  Onti  Ora,  a  metrical  ro- 
mance; The  Inca  Princess,  an  Historical 
Romance;  ^'Egle  and  the  Elf;  Eudora,  a 
Tale  of  Love;  Legend  Laymore;  Tisayac  of 
the  Yosemite;  and  Atlina,  the  Queen  of 
the   Floating   Isle. 

Tolfree,  Mrs.  Aline  Gorren,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  New  York  <'ity.  She  is 
the  autlior  of  Anj^lo-Saxous  and. (Jthers. 

Tolfree,  James  Edward,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Aug.  29.  1S37.  in  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He 
served  during  the  civil  war  on  the  United 
States  steamship  \"anderbilt ;  and  was  pro- 
moted to  paymaster  in  1866.  He  attained 
the  rank  of  rear-admiral ;  and  was  retired  in 
1899. 

ToU,  Charles  Hansen,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  April  26,  1850,  in  Memphis,  N.Y.  He 
has  served  one  term  as  judge  of  Rio  Grande 
county,  Col.  In  1880  he  became  attorney- 
general  of  Colorado.  He  died  in  1901  in 
Denver,  Col. 

Tolles,  Robert  B.,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  about  1825  in  Winchester,  Conn. 
In  1858-67  he  was  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  lenses  at  Canastota,  N.Y. ;  and  in 
1867  moved  to  Boston.  Mass.  He  devised  a 
cover  correction  for  objectives ;  invented 
and  patented  a  solid  eye  piece ;  invented  a 
stereoscopic  binocular  eye  piece ;  and  in- 
vented man.v  other  devices  and  appliances 
for  the  microscope  and  telescope.  He  died 
Nov.  17.  1883.  in  Boston.  Mass. 

Tolman,  Albert  Harris,  educator,  author, 
was  born  .Tune  17.  1856.  in  Lanesboro.  ^lass. 
Since  1893  he  has  been  professor  of  English 
literature  at  tlie  university  of  Chicago.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Views  About  Hamlet 
and   Other  Essays. 

Tolman,  Herbert  Gushing,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  linrn  Nov.  4.  1865.  in  Scitjate. 
Mass.  He  is  professor  of  Greek  in  the  Van- 
derbilt  tiniversity  of  Nashville,  Tenn.  He 
is  the  author  of  Ancient  Persian  Inscrip- 
tions; Via  Cnicis ;  and  editor  of  the  Van- 
derbilt   Oriental    Series. 


Tolman,  William  Howe,  social  economist, 
author,  was  liorn  .lune  2,  1861,  in  Paw- 
tucket,  R.I.  He  is  general  agent  of  the  New 
York  association  for  improving  the  condition 
of  the  poor.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
Higher  Education  in  Rhode  Island ;  Hand- 
book of  Sociological  Reference  for  New  York 
City  ;  and  Report  on  Public  Baths  and  Pub- 
lic Stations. 

Tom,  Blind,  musician,  was  born  May  25, 
1849,  near  Columbus,  Ga.,  of  African  de- 
scent. He  was  born  blind,  and  the  only  sign 
of  intelligence  he  gave  in  infancy  was  the 
interest  he  showed  in  sounds,  ^^'hen  he  was 
four  years  old  a  piano  was  brought  to  his 
master's  liouse  for  the  use  of  the  family ; 
and  one  night  they  were  awakened  by  hear- 
ing him  play  one  of  their  pieces.  In  1861 
he  made  his  first  appearance  in  New  York 
City.     He  died  about   1907. 

Tomb,  George,  contractor,  capitalist,  was 
born  Aug.  12,  1791,  in  Milton,  Pa.  He  con- 
structed a  part  of  the  Pennsylvania  canal : 
and  in  1837  constructed  tlie  Tidewater  canal 
between  Pennsylvania  and  Maryland.  He 
was  one  of  the  stockholders  in  the  Williams- 
port  water  works  of  Pennsylvania.  He  es- 
tablislied  the  first  bank  in  Jersey  Shore,  Pa., 
with  a  l)ranch  at  Cecil,  Md.  He  died  Jan. 
31.  1870,  in  Jersey  Shore,  Pa. 

Tombaugh,  James-  M.,  clergyman,  college 
president,  was  born  Nov.  10,  1857,  in  Wash- 
ington county,  Pa.  He  is  the  president  ot 
Asldand  college,  Ohio. 

Tome,  Jacob,  banker,  philanthropist,  was 
born  Aug.  13,  1810,  in  York  county.  Pa. 
Besides  being  a  director  of  several  national 
banks  in  Baltimore,  he  owned  the  Citizens' 
national  bank  in  Washington,  D.C. ;  and  in 
1871  built  the  Tome  memorial  methodist 
episcopal  church  at  Port  Deposit.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Maryland  state  senate  in  1863. 
He  gave  Dickinson  college  a  scientific  build- 
ing costing  forty  thousand  dollars,  and  in 
1892  built  the  Tome  institute  at  Port  De- 
posit at  a  cost  of  two  hundred  and  fifty 
thousand  dollars,  vrhich  he  endowed  with  a 
f\iii(l  of  one  million  five  hundred  thousand 
dollars.  He  died  March  15,  1898,  in  Port 
Deposit,   Md. 

Tomes,  Robert,  physician,  author,  was 
born  March  27.  1817.  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  I'anaina  in  1855;  Bour- 
bon Prince  ;  'Sly  College  Days  ;  Richard  the 
Lion-Hearted  :  Oliver  Cromwell;  The  Amer- 
icans in  Japan  :  The  War  with  the  South  ; 
and  T]if>  Chami)agne  Country.  He  died  Aug. 
28.  1882.  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 

Tomkins,  Caleb,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Westchester  county.  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  Y'ork  state 
assembly  in  1804-06.  In  1817-21  he  was  a 
representative  to-  the  fifteen Ih  and  sixteenth 
con"j:resses.  He  died  in  Westchester  county, 
N.Y.  '  -^l 

Tomkins,  Christopher,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Glasgow.  Ky.  In  1831-35  he  was  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  twenty- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


475 


second  and  twenty-third  congresses.     lie  died 
in  1845  in  Glasgow.  Ky. 

Tomkins,  Cydnor  B.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  8,  ISIO.  in  IV'hnont.  Oiiio.  In 
1857-61  lie  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  tlie  thirty-fifth  and  thirty -sixth  coniiresses. 
He  died  in  McConnellsville,  Ohio. 

Tomkins,  Daniel  D.,  vice-president  of  the 
United  States,  was  born  June  21.  1774.  in 
New  York.  He  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
the  city  of  New  York  in  1797  ;  and  served  ni 
the  state  lesislaturo.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  congress  in  1805-07  :  and  resigned  to 
accept  an  appointment  as  an  associate;  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  the  state.  In  1807- 
09  he  was  governor  of  the  state.  In  1817  he 
resigned  the  office  of  governor ;  and  in  1817- 
25  he  was  vice-president  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  June  11.  1825,  on  Staten 
Island.  N.Y. 

Tomkins,  Floyd  Williams,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  lioni  I'll).  7.  1850.  in  Now  York 
City.  In  1875-83  he  was  a  missionary  in  the 
western  states ;  and  since  1899  has  been  rec- 
tor ofth-'  church  of  the  holy  trinity  of  P'.iil- 
ad'dphia.  I'a.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Christian  Life;  Following  Christ;  My  Best 
Friend ;   and   Beacons  on   Life's   Voyage. 

Tomlins,  William  Lawrence,  musician,  or- 
ganizer, was  lioiii  I'l'li.  4.  1844.  in  Loudon. 
Knirland.  For  three  years  he  trained  fifteen 
hundred  children  selected  froni  the  public 
schools  of  Chicago  into  a  chorus  which  sang 
at  the  World's  Columbian  exposition.  In 
1903  he  organized  the  National  training 
school  for  school  music  teachers  in  Chi- 
cago. 111. 

Tomlinson,  Everett  Titsworth,  educator, 
clergyman,  anthor.  was  Lorn  May  23.  1859, 
in  Shiloh,  N.J.  He  is  headmaster  of  the 
I)reparatory  departmeiff  of  Rutger's  college; 
and  the  author  of  The  Search  for  Andrew 
Field  ;  The  Boy  Soldiers  of  1812  ;  The  Boy 
Officers  of  1812;  Three  Colonial  Boys;  Te- 
cumseh's  Young  Braves ;  Three  Young  Con- 
tinentals; the  Fruit  of  the  Desert;  Four 
Boys  in  the  Land  of  Cotton  ;  and  other 
works; 

Tomlinson,  Gideon,  lawyer,  confjressman, 
governor.  Unii<d  States  senator,  was  born 
Dec.  31.  1780.  in  Stratford.  Conn.  In  1818- 
27  he  was  a  representative  to  the  sixteenth, 
seventt'f'uth.  eightconth  and  ninrtecntb  con- 
gresses. In  1827-31  he  was  the  eighth  gov- 
ernor of  Connecticut;  and  in  1831-37  he  was 
United  States  senator.  He  lied  Oct.  8,  1854, 
in   Fiiirlii'ld.   T'onn. 

Tomlinson,  Thomas  A.,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  New  York.  He 
served  in  the  New  York  state  assembly  from 
Kssex  county  in  1835-36.  In  1841-43  he  wa.> 
a  represontati\e  to  th<'  twcnt.\-sf vcnth  <on- 
gress.     He  di^d    ii)    Essex  county.   N.Y. 

Tompkins,  Arnold,  educator,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1849  in  Uaris.  111.  He  was 
superiutendi-nt  of  schccds  in  1875-85:  pro- 
fessor in  normal  schools  in  1875-85;  and  i»ro- 
fessor  of  pedagocy  at  the  university  of  Illi- 
nois in  1899-1900;   president  of  the   Illinois 


state  normal  school ;  and  principal  of  the 
Chicago  normal  school.  He  was  the  author 
of  Science  of  Discourse ;  Philosophy  of 
Teaching;  Philosophy  of  School  Manage- 
meut  ;  ami  Literary  Interpretation.  He  died 
Aug.   12.  1905.   near  Menlo,  Ga. 

Tompkins,  Arthur  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressnum,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1865,  in  Scho- 
harie county.  N.Y.  In  1887  he  was  elected 
l)olice  justice  of  Nyack,  N.Y. ;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York  state  assembly  from 
Rockland  county  in  1889;  and  in  1894-98 
was  county  judge  of  Rockland  county.  In 
1899-1903  iie  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  fifty-sixth  and  Ii  Its -seventh  con- 
gresses. 

Tompkins,  Charles  Henry,  soldier,  was 
born  Sept.  12,  1830.  in  Furt  :Monroe,  Va. 
He  served  in  the  dragoons  during  the  civil 
war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  brevet  briga- 
dier-general. He  reached  the  actual  rank  of 
colonel  as  division  quartermaster ;  and  \va.« 
retired   in   189 i   as   luigadiev-general. 

Tompkins,  Charles  Henry,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  captain 
the  Rhode  Island  battery;  and  in  1864  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  .Vug.  9.  1895.  in   Somerville.   N.J. 

Tompkins,  Daniel  A.,  mechanical  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  12,  1852,  in  ^dgefield 
county.  S.C.  He  was  educated  in  the  South 
Carolina  college  ;  and  at  the  Reiissalaer  poly- 
technic institute.  He  is  president  of  the 
High  Shoals  and  Atherton  cotton  mills; 
president  of  the  D.A.  Tompkins  manufactur- 
ing company,  engineers  and  contractors ; 
president  of  the  Underwriters  fire  insurance 
company  of  Greensboro,  N.C. ;  and  has  oth- 
er large  business  interests  in  Charlotte,  N.C. 
He  is  the  author  of  Cotton  and  Cotton  Oil; 
American  Commerce.  Its  Expansion:  His- 
tory of  Alecklenburg  County.  North  Caro- 
lina ;  Cotton  :Mill.  Processes  and  Calcula- 
tion ;  Cotton  Mill  Commercial  Features;  and 
Cotton    \'alues    in    Textile    Fabrics. 

Tompkins,  Daniel  D.,  vice-president  of 
the  United  States,  was  born  June  21.  1774. 
in  Fox  Meadows.  N.Y.  He  was  elected  to 
the  New  York  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1801  ;  and  in  the  same  year  to  the 
assembly.  In  1804  he  was  a  mend)er  of  con- 
gress, but  <lid  not  .serve  because  he  became 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
New  York.  In  1807-13  he  was  governor  of 
New  York.  He  died  June  il.  1825,  in 
Staten   Island.   N.Y. 

Tompkins,  De  Loss  Monroe,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  7.  1849.  in  Ashland. 
N.Y.  He  ha<  lilled  pastorates  in  methodist 
churches  of  Wheaton.  Belvidere  and  l>e- 
Kalb,  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Best  Hun- 
dred Book-  for  Pastor's  liibrary ;  Business 
Men's  Sunday  School  Ia'.ssou  Commentary ; 
nml    Browniu'.'  a<  a    Spiritual   Teacher. 

Tompkins,  Elizabeth  Knight,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  17.  1865.  in  Oakland. 
Cal.  She  is  the  author  of  Her  Majesty;  .Vn 
Unlessone.i  Girl:  The  Things  that  Count; 
and  Talks  with   Barbara. 


476 


HBRRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Tompkins,  Emmet,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Sept.  1,  1853,  in  McConnelsville, 
Oliio.  He  was  city  solicitor  and  mayor  of 
Athens,  Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Ath- 
ens connty;  and  a  member  of  the  Ohio  state 
legislature.  In  1901-03  he' was  a  represent- 
ative from  Ohio  to  the  fifty-seventh  con- 
gress as  a  republican. 

Tompkins,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1780.  He  was  an  early  settler  of 
Missouri.  He  was  a  judge  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  of  Missouri  in  182-1-40 ;  and 
was  its  chief  justice  in  1840-46.  He  died 
April  7.  1846,  near  Jetl'erson  City,  Mo. 

Tompkins,  Hamilton  Bullock,  lawyer,  bib- 
liographer, was  born  July  30,  1843,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1873  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  New  York  City.  He  is  iden- 
tified with  many  business  enterprises ;  is 
vice-president  and  director  of  the  Phoenix 
cork  company  and  the  Metallic  decorating 
company.  He  is  a  trustee  of  Hamilton  col- 
lege; secretary  and  director  of  the  Redwood 
library;  and  president  and  director  of  New- 
port historical  society.  He  is  the  author  ot 
liurr  Bibliography ;  and  several  other  his- 
torical works. 

Tompkins,  Leslie  Jay,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  2,  1867,  in  Olmstead  county, 
Minn.  "Since  1899  he  has  been  professor  of 
law  at  the  university  law  school  in  the  New 
York  university.  He  is  the  author  of  Law 
of  Promissory  Notes,  Drafts,  Checks,  etc. ; 
Condensed  Cases  on  Corporations;  and  A 
Summary  of  the  Law  of  Corporations. 

Tompkins,  Patrick  W.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  In  1847-49  lie  was  a 
rei)resentati\'e  from  jMississi])pi  to  the  thir- 
tieth congress.  He  died  May  16,  1853,  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Tompson,  Benjamin,  educator,  author,  po- 
et, was  born  -July  14,  1642,  in  Braintree, 
Mass.  He  was  a  colonial  educator ;  and  the 
master  of  a  prepai'atory  school  in  Cam- 
bridge for  nearly  forty  years  from  1670.  He 
was  the  autlior  of  New  England's  Crisis,  a 
poem  on  King  Phi]i|)'s  War.  He  died  April 
i:i,   1714,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Tompson,  Edward,  educator,  clergyman, 
was  born  April  20,  1665,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  taught  for  several  years  at  Newbury; 
and  in  1696-1715  was  pastor  of  the  church 
at  Marshfield,  Mass.  His  last  sermons,  en- 
titled Heaven  the  Best  Country,  were  pub- 
lislied  in  1712.  He  died  March"  10,  1715,  in 
Marslifield.  iNlass. 

Tompson,  William,  clergyman,  was  born 
in  1598,  in  England.  He  was  an  acceptable 
preacher,  and  described  by  Cotton  Mather 
as  a  ])illar  of  the  American  church.  He 
died  Dec.    10,    l(i66.   in   Braintree.  Mass. 

Tone,  William  Theobald  Wolfe,  soldier, 
author,  was  born  April  29.  1791.  in  Ireland. 
After  serving  in  the  Fi'ench  army  he  caine 
to  America  in  1816;  and  was  in  tlie  artil- 
lery service  of  the  United  States  for  ten 
years.  He  died  Oct.  10,  1828,  in  New  York 
City. 


Toner,  Joseph  Meredith,  physician,  phil- 
anthropist, author,  was  born  April  30,  1825, 
in  Pittsburg,  Pa.  He  is  the  president  of 
the  Columbian  historical  society  of  Wash- 
ington, D.C. ;  and  he  gave  a  collection  of 
twenty-eight  thousand  books  and  eighteen 
thousand  pamphlets  to  the  congressional  li- 
brary, known  as  the  Toner  collection,  and 
regarded  as  a  most  important  and  valuable 
acquisition.  He  founded  the  Toner  lectures 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Smithsonian  insti- 
tution. He  was  the  author  of  Abortion  in 
Its  iMedical  and  INIoral  Aspects;  Maternal 
Instinct ;  and  Medical  Men  of  the  Revolu- 
tion. He  died  Aug.  1,  1896,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Tongue,  Thomas  H.,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Jaine  23,  1844, 
in    Lincolnshire,    England.      Since    1859    he 

has  resided  in  Ore- 
gon. In  1888-92  he 
was  a  member  of  the 
state  senate.  He  was 
a  delegate  to  the  na- 
tional republican  con- 
vention at  iMinneapo- 
lis  in  1892.  In  1897- 
1903  he  was  a  repre- 
sentativ(!  from  Ore- 
gon to  the  fifty-fifth, 
fifty-sixth  and  fifty- 
seventh  congresses  as 
a  republican.  He  died 
Jan.  11,  1903.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Tooker,  Lewis  Frank,  editor,  author,  was 
born  D;c.  IS,  18.-)5.  in  Port  JeiiVrson,  N.Y. 
Since  1885  he  has  been  on  the  editorial  stafl' 
of  the  Century  i\lagazine  of  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Call  of  the  Sea; 
and  Cnder  Rocking  Skies. 

Toole,  Joseph  Kemp,  lawyer,  legislator, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  May  12, 
1851,  in  Savannah,  Mo.  In  1872-76  he  was 
district  attorney'  of  the  tjiird  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Montana.  In  1881  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  council  of  the  twelfth  legis- 
lative assembly  of  Montana;  and  was 
chosen  president  of  tlie  council.  In  1885-87 
lie  was  a  territorial  delegate  from  Montana 
to  the  forty-ninth  congress  as  a  democrat. 
In  1889-93  "and  1901-09  he  was  governor  of 
i\l(intaiia. 

Tooley,  Clarence  Philip,  merchant,  legis- 
lator, was  burn  Aug.  31.  1874.  in  Evanston, 
^^■yo.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  and 
l>rivate  schools  of  Baldwinsville,  N.Y.  He 
is  now  a  successful  nu'ichant  of  Two  Dot, 
Mont.;  and  prominently  identified  with  the 
bus-ness  and  public  all'airs  of  his  city, 
county  and  state.  He  was  a  representative 
in  the  eighth  geiieral  assembly  of  the  ]\Ion- 
tana  state  legislature:  and  was  a.  member 
on  several  important  committees.  He  is 
now  a  member  of  the  IMontana  state  senate 
for  Meagher  county  for  the  term  of  1905- 
.09;   and  resides  in  Two  Dot,  ]\Iont. 

Toombs,  Robert,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, I'nited  States  senator,  was  born  July 


HERRIXGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


477 


1810. 


ill  Wilkes  county,  Ga.  In  1837  he 
was  elected  to  the  leg- 
islature from  his  na- 
tive county,  and,  with 
tlie  exception  of  1841, 
continued  a  member 
(if  the  lower  branch 
until  his  election  to 
!■(  ingress.  In  1845-53 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  twenty- 
ninth,  thirtieth,  thir- 
ty-first and  thirty- 
second  congresses.  In 
1853-Gl  he  was  United 
States  senator;  and  was  expelled  in  1801. 
He  became  secretarj-  of  state  in  tlic  confed- 
erate government;  and  was  also  a  briga- 
dier-general in  the  confederate  service.  He 
died  Dec.  14.  1885.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Toomer,  John  De  Rossett,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  March  13,  1784,  in 
Wilmington,  N.C.  In  1831-32  he  represent- 
ed Cumberland  county  in  the  North  Caro- 
lina state  senate;  and  in  1836-40  was  judge 
of  the  superior  court.  He  died  Oct.  27,  1850, 
in  Pittsboro.  X.C. 

Toppan,  Robert  Noxon,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  17.  1836,  in  rhiladelphia.  Pa. 
He  was  a  lawyer  of  Cambridge,  Mass.  He 
was  tiie  author  of  lli.storicul  Summary  of 
Metallic  Money  ;  and  Biographical  Sketches 
of  Old  Newbury.  He  died  in  1901  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Toppan,  Roland  Worthington,  insurance 
president,  mereliant,  was  burn  Nov.  9,  1S41, 
in  Newburyport,  Mass.  In  1864-65  he  was 
engatred  in  the  ice  business  m  Havana,  Cuba. 
In  1867-72  he  was  connected  with  the  Bos- 
ton agency  ;  and  several  other  New  York  in- 
surance companies.  In  1869  he  was  elected 
jiiesident  of  the  Paper  mill  insurance  com- 
pany   (if    Ho";t(in.    ^fiiss. 

Torbert,  Alfred  Thomas  Archimedes,  sol- 
dier, diplomat,  was  born  July  1,  1833,  in 
(I'eorgetown.  T>el.  He  served  through  the 
civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  brevet 
major-general  of  volunteers  in  1865.  He 
was  aiti)ointed  in  1869  minister  to  San  Sal- 
vador; transferred  to  Havana  as  consul-gen- 
eral two  years  later;  and  filled  the  same 
post  in  Paris  in  1873-78.  He  died  Sept.  30. 
1880.  at   si;i. 

Tornos,  Manuel  Alberto,  diplomat,  author, 
was  born  June  2.  1862,  in  New  York  City. 
Since  1881  he  bas  been  .secretary  of  the 
Siianish  consnljite-geiieral  in  Ne>v  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Spanish  TnrilTs,  with 
E.vtrarts  from  tlie  Custom-lloiise  Ite.j;nla- 
tions. 

Torrance,  David,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
^[:inli  3.  ISIO.  in  Scoljnnd.  Hi'  was  educat- 
ed in  til"  imldic  and  jirivale  schools  of  Nor- 
wich, Conn.;  and  in  1868  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  In  1862-6.5  he  served  in  tin-  union 
army  during  the  civil  war.  In  1890-1901  he 
was  associate  justic"  of  the  stat''  supreme 
court    of    errors    of    Connecticur,    and    since 


1901  has  been  chief  justice.     He  died  in  1906 
in  Derby.  Conn. 

Torrance,  Eli,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
May  16,  1844,  in  New  Alexandria,  Pa.  He 
served  with  distinction  tluuiighout  the  civil 
war.  For  over  a  ipinrter  of  a  century  he  has 
practiced  law  in  Minneapolis.  ISliun.  In 
1901  he  was  commanyer-in-chief  of  the  grand 
army  of  llic  repuMic. 

Torrance,  Francis  J.,  manufacturer,  rail- 
road i)residcnt.  was  born  June  27,  1859,  in 
Allcgbeuy  City.  Pa.  In  1875  he  was  a  clerk 
in  the  Standard  mannfacturing  company; 
and  siil)se(ineiitly  became  treasurer  and  gen- 
eral manager.  He  is  presich^nt  of  the  Elec- 
tric railway  comiiany  of  Washington.  Pa.; 
president  of  th(<  Indiana  railway  tomjiany; 
and  president  of  the  Standard  ice  comi)any. 
Torrance,  George,  merchant.  lawyer,  state 
senator,  was  horn  May  15,  1847,  in  Fairfield, 
Ohio.  In  1869  he  became  connected  with  a 
Chicago  business  iionse.  In  1881  lie  prac- 
ticed law  in  I'onfiac,  III.  In  1880  he  was 
elected  state  senator  to  the  thirty-fourth  gen- 
eral assembly.  In  1897  he  was  appointed 
snperint(>ndent  of  the  Illinois  state  reforma- 
tory. 

Torrence,  Frederic  Ridgely,  librarian,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  27.  1S75.  in  Xenia,  Ohio. 
He  has  been  librarian  of  the  Astor  and  Iicnox 
libraries;  assistant  e.litor  of  the  Critic;  sec- 
retary to  the  Japanese  envoy;  and  associate 
editor  of  the  Cosmoi)olitan  magazine.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  House  of  a  Hundred 
Lights;  Eldorado,  a  Tragedy;  and  Abelard 
and   Ileloise. 

Torrence,  Joseph  Thatcher,  soldier,  lawyer, 
mechanical  cugiueei.  was  born  March  15, 
1843.    in    Mencr    county.     Pa.       He    served 

through  the  civil  war  ; 
and  attained  the  rank 
o  t  brigadier-general. 
In  1869  he  moved  to 
Chicago  as  manager- of 
t  h  e  (j'liicago  iron 
works,  now  the  Ihiiou 
works  of  the  Illinois 
steel  company.  He  or- 
ganized the  Standard 
steel  and  iron  com- 
i)aiiy  ;  and  also  the 
Cahimet  canal  improve- 
ment company.  He 
development  of  termi- 
nal raili'oad  facilities  in  Cliicago  and  the 
west;  and  was  known  as  the  father  of  track 
elevation.  He  died  Oct.  31.  1896.  in  Chica- 
go. 111. 

Torrens,  William  Erskine,  commercial  ex- 
licrt.  author,  was  born  July  15,  1870,  in  New 
York  City.  He  studied  manufacturing  econ- 
omy in  various  mills  in  New  Engl.and  and 
Pennsylvania  ;  .and  has  visited  all  foreign 
countries  of  the  world  in  (hat  interest.  He 
is  an  exiiert  on  the  subject  of  American  com- 
merce with  foreign  countries.  He  is  special 
foreign  traveling  commissioner  for  the  na- 
tional   association    of    m.-inufacturei-s.      He   is 


was  prominent   in   the 


478 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


a  member  of  the  foreign  department  of  C. 
H.  Tenny  and  company  of  New  York  City  : 
and  well  known  as  a  successful  expert  mer- 
chant. He  is  the  autjior  of  Commercial 
Traveling  in  South  America ;  and  Commer- 
cial Traveling  in  the  East. 

Torrey,  Bradford,  essayist,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  9,  1843,  in  Weymouth,  Mass.  He 
is  an  essayist  of  Boston  ;  and  on  the  editorial 
staff  of  The  Youth's  Companion.  He  is  the 
author  of  Birds  in  the  Bush  ;  The  Foot-Path 
Way  ;  A  Rambler's  Lease ;  A  Florida  Sketch- 
Book ;  Spi'ing  Notes  from  Tennessee ;  and 
Friends  on  the  Shelf. 

Torrey,  Charles  Cutler,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  20,  1803,  in  East  Hardwick, 
Vt.  Since  1900  he  has  been  professor  of 
Semitic  languages  at  Yale  univeijity  of  New 
Haven,  Conn.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Com- 
mercial Theological  Terms  in  the  Koran ; 
and  other  works. 

Torrey,  Charles  Turner,  reformer,  author, 
was  born  in  1813  in  Scituate,  Mass.  He  was 
an  anti-slavery  reformer ;  who  was  impris- 
oned in  Baltimore  for  aiding  in  the  escape  of 
slaves,  and  died  in  imprisonment.  He  was 
the  author  of  Memoir  of  William  Saxtoii  ; 
and  Home,  or  the  Pilgrim's  Faith  Reward. 
He  died  May  9.  1846,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Torrey,  Henry  Augustus  Pierson,  educa- 
tor, clergyman,  author,  was  burn  in  1837  in 
Massachusetts.  He  was  a  professor  in  the 
university  of  Vermont.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  I'hilosopby  of  Descartes.  He  died  in 
1902. 

Torrey,  John,  physician,  botanist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  15,  1796,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  distinguished  botanist ;  phj-sician 
of  New  York  City  ;  professor  in  the  college 
of  physicians  and  surgeons  in  1827-55  ;  and 
United  States  assayer  in  1853-73.  He  was 
the  author  of  Catalogue  of  Plants  Growing 
Spontaneously  Within  Tliirty  Miles  of  New 
York ;  Flura  of  the  Northern  and  Middle 
States;  and  Flora  of  New  York  State.  He 
died  March  10.  1873,  in  New  York  City. 

Torrey,  Joseph,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  2,  1797,  in  Kov>iey, 
Mass.  He  was  professor  in  the  university  of 
Vermont  in  1827-67.  He  was  tlic  author  of 
A  Theory  of  Art,  translation  of  Neander's 
History  of  the  Christian  Religion.  He  died 
Nov.  26.  1867.  in  Burlington,  Vt. 

Torrey,  Mary  Cutler,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  May  28.  1831,  in  Burlington,  Vt. 
She  is  the  author  of  America,  a  dramatic 
poem  ;  edited  Joseph  Torrey's  Theory  of  Fine 
Art ;  and  revised  edition  of  Neander's  Church 
History,  herself  preparing  the  index  vol- 
ume. 

Torrey,  Mrs.  Mary  Ide,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  1817  in  Massachusetts.  She  was 
the  author  of  Cliristian  Itule  in  Dress;  and 
City  and  Country  Life.     She  died  in  1869. 

Torrey,  Reuben  Archer,  clergyman,  evan- 
gelist, author,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1856,  in  Ho- 
boken,  N.J.  He  preaches  continually;  and 
has  toured  several  foreign  countries.  He  is 
the  author  of  Wliat  the  Bible  Teaches;  The 


Bible  and  Its  Christ ;  How  to  Succeed  in  the 
Christian  Life  ;  and  Anecdotes  and  Illustra- 
tions. 

Torrey,  Samuel,  clergyman,  was  born  in 
1631  in  England.  In  1856  he  became  pastor 
of  the  church  at  Weymouth,  Mass.,  which 
post  he  held  for  fifty-one  years.  He  preached 
the  election  sermon  in  1674,  1683,  and  1689. 
He  was  a  person  of  such  deep  and  extensive 
views  that  the  governor  and  council  would 
send  for  him  to  come  fifteen  miles  to  aid  them 
with  his  advice  and  wise  observations.  He 
(lied  April  10,  1707,  in  Weymouth,  Mass. 

Torrey,  William,  colonist,  was  born  in 
1590,  in  England.  He  took  an  active  part 
in  the  affairs  of  the  colony,  became  a  mag- 
istrate, and  for  many  years  represented  the 
lown  in  the  general  court.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  work  on  the  millennium  entitled 
A  Discourse  Concerning  Futurities.  He 
died  in  1675,  in  Weymouth,  Mass. 

Totten,  Benjamin  J.,  naval  officer  author 
was  born  in  1806  in  West  Indies.  He  served 
in  the  civil  war ;  and  was  promoted  to  com- 
modore on  the  retired  list  in  1867,  after 
which  he  was  governor  of  the  naval  asylum 
at  Philadelphia  for  two  years.  He  was  the 
author  of  Totten's  Naval  Text-Book.  He 
died  May  9,  1877,  in  New  Bedford,  Mass. 

Totten,  Charles  Adiel  Lewis,  soldier,  in- 
ventor, author,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1851,  in 
New  London,  Conn.  He  served  in  the  Ban- 
nock campaign  in  1878;  and  in  the  Chiri- 
cahua  corapaign  in  1881.  In  1877  he  pat- 
ented an  improvement  in  explosives,  one 
in  signal  shells,  and  several  minor  inven- 
tions. He  was  the  author  of  Strategos, 
the  American  War  Game;  Y''ale  Military 
Lectures;  and  Nativity,  its  Facts  and  Fan- 
cies. He  died  April  12,  W08,  in  New  Ha- 
ven,  Conn. 

Totten,  George  Muirson,  civil  engineer, 
was  born  :\Iay  28,  1809,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  In  1850  he  was  appointed  engineer- 
in-chief  of  the  Panama  railroad;  and  spent 
twenty-five  years  ajnong  diflicuUies  of  every 
sort  in  the  completion  of  this  arduous  task. 
He  died  June  8.  1884.  in  New  York  City. 

Totten,  James,  soldier,  was  born  Sept.  11, 
1818.  in  Pittsburg.  Pa.  He  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  in  1861  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service ;  and  in  1862  he  became 
iirigadier-general  of  Missouri  militia.  He 
was  brevetted  colonel  in  the  U.  S.  array  in 
1865,  and  on  the  same  day  brigadier-general 
in  the  U.  S.  array  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service  in  the  field.  He  became  lieutenant- 
colonel  ITnited  States  army,  and  assistant 
inspector-general  in  1867.  He  died  Oct.  1, 
1871,    in    Sedalia,    Mo. 

1  often,  Joseph  Gilbert,  civil  engineer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  23.  1788,  in  New  Haven, 
Coini.  He  was  a  military  engineer  of  dis- 
tinction; and  was  brevetted  major-general  in 
1864.  He  was  the  author  of  Essays  on  Hy- 
draulic and  Other  Cements.  He  died  April 
22,  1864,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Totten,  Silas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born   March   26.   1804,   in   Seiioharie   county, 


HERR1NGSHA^V'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


479 


tor. 
uavy. 
ships 
1869. 


N.Y.  He  was  an  episcoijal  cleigyman  ;  and 
president  oi!  Trinity  college  in  1837-48.  He 
was  the  author  of  New  Introduction  to  Al- 
gebra; and  The  Analogy  of  Truth.  He  died 
Oct.  7,  1873,  in  licxington,  Ky. 

Toucey,  Isaac,  lawyer,  congressman,  gov- 
ernor. United  States  senator,  cabinet  olHcer, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1796.  in  Newton,  Conn.     In 

1835-39  lie  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Con- 
necticut to  the  twenty- 
fourth  and  twenty- 
litth  congresses;  and 
was  the  fifteenth  gov- 
ernor in  1846-47.  In 
1848-49  he  was  attor- 
ney-general of  the 
United  iStates  by  Pres- 
ident Polk.  He  was  a 
state  senator  in  1850  ; 
and  in  1851-57  he  was 
United  States  sena- 
In  1857-61  he  was  secretary  of  the 
He  subsequently  founded  two  scholar- 
in  Trinity  college.  He  died  July  30, 
in  Hartford,  Conn. 
Touchard,  Louis  Charles,  naval  oflScer. 
was  born  in  1741  in  New  Orleans,  La.  In 
1782  he  was  attacked  by  two  English  men  of 
war;  he  captured  one.  but  was  killed  in  the 
moment  of  victory.  Ho  died  April  12,  1782. 
at  sea;  and  was  buried  witli  honors  in  Mar- 
tini<iue. 

Toulmin,  Harry  Theophilus,  soldier,  law- 
yer, legislator,  jurist,  was  born  March  4. 
1838.  in  -Mobile  county,  Aia.  He  entered  tiie 
confederate  army  as  private  in  1861;  and 
rose  through  all  grades  to  colonel  of  the 
twenty-second  Alabama  infantry.  In  186S 
he  was  a  democratic  presidential  elector; 
and  in  1870-72  was  a  member  of  the  Ala- 
bama state  legislature.  In  1874-82  he  was 
state  circuit  judge;  and  since  1887  Inrs  been 
United  States  judge  lor  the  southern  district 
of  Alabama. 

Toulmin,  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  college 
president,  autiior,  was  born  in  17oT  in  Eng- 
land. He  was  judge  of  tho  United  States 
district  court  in  1804  ;  was  the  Kentucky  sec- 
retary of  state  in  1790-1804:  and  president  of 
Transylvania  university.  He  subseijuently 
lived  in  Alabama.  He  was  the  author  of  A 
Description  of  K-ontucky ;  Magistrate's  As- 
sistant ;  CoHection  of  the  Acts  of  Kentucky  ; 
Ke\iew  of  the  Criminal  Law  of  Kentucky; 
and  Digest  of  the  Territorial  Laws  of  -Ma- 
baina.  He  died  Nov.  11,  1823,  in  Washing- 
ton c<iuntv,   .\la. 

Tourgee,  Eben,  musician,  founder.  i)hilan- 
lhrtn)ist.  was  burn  .lune  1,  1834.  in  War- 
wick, K.I.  In  1S59  he  founded  a  musical 
oniservatory  at  East  Greenwich  ;  and  in 
1864  he  i)rojectod  a  larger  institution  at 
Providence,  which  was  removed  to  Boston 
in  1867.  and  incorporated  in  1870  as  the  New 
England  conservatory  of  music.  He  died 
April  12.  1891,  in  Boston,  Mass. 


Tourgee,  Albion  Winegar,  lawyer,  jurist, 
diplomat,  author,  was  born  May  2,  1838,  in 
Williamsfield,    Ohio.     During   the   civil   war 

he  was  first  lieuten-ant 
in  the  one  hundred 
and  fifth  regiment 
Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try. In  1868-76  lie 
was  judge  of  the  su- 
perior court  of  the  sev- 
enth district  of  North 
Carolina  ;  has  been 
code  commissioner ; 
and  was  a  member  of 
the  constitutional  con- 
ventions of  North  Car- 
olina in  1868  and  in 
1874.  In  1897  he  was  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley  as  minister  to  

He  is  the  author  of  A  Fool's  Errand,  his 
most  noted  work;  A  Royal  Gentleman; 
Figs  and  Thistles ;  Bricks  Without  Straw ; 
John  Eax  ;  Hot  Plowshares  ;  Black  Ice  ;  But- 
ton's Inn  ;  I'actolus  Prime ;  Murvale  East- 
man ;  With  Gauge  and  Swallow  ;  A  Son  of 
Old  Harry;  Out  of  the  Sunset  Sea;  The 
Mortgage  on  the  Hip-Koof  House ;  An  Out- 
ing with  the  Queen  of  Hearts ;  An  Appeal 
to  Ca?sar  ;  The  Veteran  and  His  Pipe  ;  The 
Man  of  Destiny;  Letters  to  a  King;  The 
Story  of  a  Thousand ;  The  War  of  the 
Standards ;  The  Code  with  Notes ;  and  Di- 
gest of  Cited  Cases.  He  died  May  21,  1905, 
in  France. 

Touro,  Judah,  philanthropist,  was  born 
.June  16.  1775.  in  Newport,  R.I.  In  1802  he 
settled  in  New  Orleans  as  a  merchant.  He 
volunteered  under  General  Jackson  when  the 
British  marched  against  New  Orleans,  and 
was  wounded  in  battle  in  1815.  He  was  a 
steady  and  generous  giver  to  charities,  Jew- 
ish and  Christian,  and  endowed  several  syn- 
agogues and  churches  throughout  the  coun- 
try. He  gave  .$10,000  toward  Bunker  Hill 
monument.  He  died  .lune  18,  1854,  in  New 
Orleans.   La. 

Tourtellotte,  John  Eaton,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Connecticut.  In  1S61-64  he  served 
in  the  civil  war;  and  in  1865  was  brevetterl 
brigadier-general  of  volunteer.s.  He  died 
July  22.  1891. 

Tousey,  Sinclair,  business  president, 
fouiuler.  was  l)orn  July  18.  1818.  in  New  Ha- 
ven. Conn.  In  1864  he  helped  form  the  Amer- 
ican news  comi);uiy  in  New  York  City, 
which  bought  the  ti'ade  of  himself  and  sev- 
eral i)tl!i'r  wiiolesale  dealers.  He  was  elect- 
ed president  of  the  new  company,  and  occu- 
pied the  olfice  until  his  death.  Hi-  died  Jtme 
16.  1887.  in   \<'W  York  City. 

Touvelle,  William  E.,  lawyer,  congress- 
M):in.  was  iniii  .\ov.  23.  1863.  in  Colina. 
Ohio.  Ill  1SV9  he  uradualed  from  Celina 
high  school  with  the  degree  of  LL.B.  ;  and  in 
1889  L'railualed  from  the  Cincinnati  law 
school.  In  1885-86  he  was  postmaster  of 
Celinii,    Ohio.      In    1907-11    he    was   a    repre- 


480 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


!--entative  from  Oliio  to   the  sixtieth  and  six- 
ty-first congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Tower,  Charlemagne,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  17,  1848,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  is  a  ])rominent  lawyer  of 
Philadelphia.  Pti.  He  has  been  United 
States  minister  tj  Aiistria-Hunaary ;  am- 
bassador to  Ku?sia  ;  and  in  1902-08  was  Unit- 
ed States  ambassador  to  Germany.  He  is 
the  author  of  a  work  entitled  The  jNlarquis 
de  La  Fayette  in  the  American  Itevolution. 
Tower,  Fayette  Bartholomew,  civil  engi- 
neer, was  burn  Jan.  29,  1817,  in  Waterville, 
N.Y.  He  prepared  Hlustrations  of  the  Cro- 
ton  Aqueduct,  consisting  of  a  series  of  twen- 
ty-one plates,  with  text.  He  died'  Feb.  16, 
1857,   in   Waterville,   N.Y. 

Tower,  George  Warren,  geologist,  scien- 
tist, was  born  (nt.  27.  1871,  in  Cambiidge. 
Mass.  In  189-1  he  gradnated  from  Harvard 
university  ;  and  since  then  has  be(Hi  in  the 
United  States  service.  He  has  written  many 
reports   on   mining. 

Tower,  Ralph  Winfred,  educator,  libra- 
rian, author,  was  born  iMay  24.  1870,  in  Am- 
herst, Mass.  In  1894-1903  he  was  an  edu 
cater  of  Brown  university.  Since  1903  he 
has  been  a  cui'ator  of  the  American  museum 
of  natural  history  ;  and  since  1904  has  been 
librarian  ol  the  New  York  academy  of  sci- 
ences. He  is  the  author  of  Lai)oratory 
Course  in   Chemical   Physiology. 

Tower,  Zealous  Bates,  soldier,  founder, 
was  burn  .Inn.  12.  1819,  in  Cohasset.  ^Mass. 
After  forty  years  of  active  service  he  was 
retired;  Inning  received  eight  brevets  up  to 
major-general.  He  founded  the  city  of  Mex- 
ico in  1847.  He  died  March  20.  1900.  in 
Cohasset.    Mass. 

Towers,  Charles  B.,  state  representative, 
was  born  July  20,  1S55,  in  Richmond,  Vt. 
He  was  educated  at  iJoddard  seminary  and 
at  Tufts  college;  and  is  a  civil  engineer  by 
profession.  He  has  been  special  agent  for 
the  state  of  [Montana  on  live  stock ;  is  prom- 
inently identified  with  the  business  and  pub- 
lic affairs  of  Miles  city,  Custer  county,  Mon- 
tana ;  :iii(l  has  lilled  various  positions  of 
trust  and  liDiior.  He  is  now  a  representative 
in  the  tenth  legislative  assembly  of  Mon- 
tana. 

Towle,  Daniel  G.,  governor.  He  Avas  gov- 
ernor of  North  Carolina.  He  died  April 
7,   1891. 

Towle,  George  Makepeace,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  27,  1841,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
Henry  V.:  (Jlimpsr-s  of  Historv ;  Modern 
France;  Certain  Men  of  Alark ;  American 
Society;  Beaconsfield  ; -England  and  Russia 
in  Asia  :  England  in  Egypt ;  Young  People's 
History  of  England;  \oung  People's  History 
of  Ireland;  I'he  Nation  in  a  Nutshell;  He- 
roes of  History;  The  Literature  of  the  Eng- 
lish Lanuuage  ;  and  Heroes  and  Martyrs  of 
Invention.  He  died  Aug.  10,  1893.  in  P.rook- 
line.    Mass. 

Towle,  Stevenson,  engineer,  surveyor,  was 
born   .Iiily   29,  1839.   in   New   York  City.     In 


1857  he  was  appointed  city  surxoyor  of  New 
York  ;  and  in  1860  he  was  appointed  by  the 
United  States  government  to  examine  and 
report  on  the  system  of  sewers  in  the  Euro- 
pean cities.  In  1870-86  he  was  chief  engi- 
neer of  the  New  York  sewers. 

Towler,  John,  educator,  author,  was  born 
June  20,  1811.  in  England.  He  settled  in 
America  in  1850  ;  and  in  1853-82  was  a  pro- 
fessor in  Hobart  college  of  Geneva,  N.Y.  He 
subsequently  lived  at  Orange,  N.J.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  number  of  works  on  pho- 
tography ;  and  was  co-editor  of  Hilpert's 
(iernian  and  English  Dictionary.  He  died  hi 
Orange  county.  N.J. 

Towles,  Mrs.  Catherine  Webb,  author,  po- 
et, was  born  Oct.  25,  1823,  in  Cliarlemont, 
Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  Tales  for  the 
Freemason's  Fireside ;  The  Three  (rolden 
Links;  and  Poor  Claire,  or  Life  Among  the 
Queer. 

Town,  Ithiel,  architect,  author,  was  born 
in  1784  in  I'hompson,  Conn.  Among  the 
more  important  of  his  \xorks  were  the  state 
capitol  in  New  Haven,  the  city-hall  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  and  the  cajiitals  of  Indiana  and 
North  Carolina.  He  was  one  of  the  origi- 
nal members  of  the  Academy  of  design  of 
New  York-  City.  He  was  the  author  of  De- 
scription of  his  Improvements  in  the  Con- 
struction of  Bridges;  Scliool-liouse  Archi- 
tecture; and  Atlantir  Steamships.  Ho  died 
June  13,  1844.  in  .\ew  Haven.  Conn. 

Towles,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  Ireland.  In  1815  he  was  apiiointed  Unit- 
ed States  judge  lor  the  territory  of  Illinois. 
After  the  state  government  had  been  organ- 
ized he  was  appoiut(Ml  district  judge.  He  died 
in   Illinois. 

Town,  Salem,  educator,  state  senator, 
autlior,  was  horn  Marc'i  5,  1779,  in  Belcher- 
lowu,  Mass.  He  was  for  forty  years  a 
teacher  in  New  York  state;  and  ac  one  time 
a  member  of  the  New  York  state  senate. 
He  was  the  author  of  System  of  Speculative 
Masonry;  Analysis  of  English  j^erivatives ; 
and,  with  N.  Holbrook,  a  popular  series  of 
readers.  He  di(d  Feb.  24,  1864,  in  Green- 
castle,   Ind. 

Towndroe,  Thomas,  educator,  journalist, 
inventor,  author,  was  born  May  7,  1810,  in 
England.  In  1841  he  was  a  member  of  the 
staff  of  the  New  York  Tribune.  In  1834 
he  invented  a  system  of  phonography,  which 
he  taught  in  many  cities  ;  and  in  Yale  and 
Bowdoin  colleges.  He  was  the  author  of 
Complete  Guide  to  the  Art  of  Shorthand 
Writing.  He  died  INIay  22,  1898,  in  New 
Rochelle.    N.Y. 

Towne,  Charles  Arnette,  lawyer,  congress- 
man. I'nit'Ml  States  senator,  was  born  Nov. 
21.  1858.  in  Oakland  county.  Mich.  lie 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools;  and 
in  1881  gradnated  from  the  university  of 
Michigan  with  the  degree  of  Ph.B.  In  1885 
he  was  admitted  to  the  iji-actice  of  law;  in 
1897-1900  was  ihairman  of  the  silver  repub- 
lican committee;  and  has  declined  nomina- 
tions for  vice-president.     In   1895-97  he  was 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


481 


a  representative  from  Minnesota  to  the  fifty- 
foiirtb  congress.  In  1900  he  was  a  uieuiber 
of  tlie  United  States  senate  to  till  a  vacyncy. 
In  ] 905-07  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  lifty-ninth  congress  as  si 
democrat.  He  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in   New    York   City. 

Towne,  Edward  Cornelius,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  horn  in  1831  in  Massachusetts. 
He  is  a  congregational  clergyman  of  New 
Haven.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Question 
of   Hell;   and    Kloiti-icity   and   IMe. 

Towne,  Edward  Ownings,  lawyer,  play- 
wright, author,  ])oet,  was  horn  Feb.  10,  186y, 
in  Iowa.  He  practiced  h\w  in  Chicago,  111.; 
and  since  1902  in  New  York  City,  llr;  is 
the  author  of  the  successful  comedy  entitled 
Other  People's  Moncj',  which  has  been  transr 
hited  into  the  Cermau.  li'issiau  and  French 
languages.  For  his  vaudeville  phiyette  A 
Game  of  Wits,  ho  is  said  to  have  received 
the  highest  royalties  for  a  one-act  play.  His 
other  phiys  are  Too  Itieh  to  Marry;  In  Old 
Madrid;  A  Masked  Battery;  Under  Arrest; 
nnd  Two  of  a  Kind.  He  is  the  author  of 
a  book  of  Ajihorisms ;  and  a  volume  of 
I'oenis  entitled  The  Completion  of  the  Spire 
anil  Other  Poems. 

Towne,  Elizabeth,  journalist,  author,  was 
horn  May  11.  1865,  in  Portland,  Ore.  .  She 
publishes  the  Nautilus  of  Ilolyoke,  Mass. 
She  is  the  author  of  Meals  Without  Meat; 
How  to  Crow  Success;  How  to  Train  Chil- 
dren  and   I'ar.'iUs;   and  The  Life  Power. 

Towne,  Henry  Robinson,  manufacturer, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  28.  1844,  in  I'hila- 
(Iflphia,  Pa.  In  1868  he  became  president 
of  the  Yale  and  Towne  manufacturing  ;;om 
pany  of  Stamford,  Coiui.,  manufacturers  of 
Yale  locks.  In  1888-89  he  was  president  of 
the  American  society  of  mechanical  engi- 
nc'Ts.  He  is  the  author  of  Towne  on 
Cranes;  and  L<jcks  and  lUiilders'  Hardware. 

Towner,  Horace  Mann,  congressman,  was 
born  ()i-t.  2;!.  IS.')."),  in  Ijelvidere,  111. 
in  1S77-'.K)  he  j)racticed  law  in  tV)rninjj, 
Iowa,  and  in  1890-1911  was  district  judge. 
In  1911-15  he  was  a  representative  from 
Iowa  to  the  sixty-socond  and  si.xty-third 
congresses  as  a  republican. 

Towns,  George  Washington  Bonaparte, 
journalist,  lawyer,  legislator,  congressman, 
governor,  was  born  May  4,  1801,  in  Wilkes 
county.  Ga.  He  served  for  several  years 
in  tlie  '^enrgia  legislature.  In  1835-39  and 
1845-47  he  was  a  lepresentative  to  the  twen- 
ty-fourth, twenty-fifth  and  twenty-ninth  con- 
gresses. He  was  the  twenty-first  governor 
of  (Jeorgia.  He  di.>d  .[uly  15,  1854,  in  Ma- 
con. 

Townsend,  Amos,  merchant,  congressman, 
was  born  in  18.31  in  Fayette  county.  Pa.  He 
si-rved  in  tlie  Cleveland  city  council  for  ten 
ycai<;  and  s.'vimi  vcars  as  president  of  tiu> 
cDum  il.  In  1877-83  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  lo  the  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth,  and 
r(irty-st>venlh  (ongresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died   March   7,   1S95.   'n   St.   Augustine,   Fla. 


Townsend,  Calvin,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  about  1840.  He  is  the  author  of  Anal- 
ysis of  the  I'nited  Stales  Constitution;  Com- 
pendium of  Commercial  Law;  Analysis  of 
Letter-Writing;  and  Shorter  Coarse  in  Civil 
Government. 

Townsend,  Charles,  clergyman,  genealo- 
gist, author,  was  l)orn  July  15,  1857,  in  Buf- 
falo, N.Y.  He  is  pastor  of  the  first  presbyte- 
rian  church,  of  Orange,  N.J.  He  is  the  author 
of  Essays  on  xMind.  Matter,  Force,  etc. ;  Pri- 
mordial IMinci|)les  of  the  Universe;  Forty 
Witnesses  to  Success;  and  Genealogy  of  the 
Townsend  Family. 

Townsend,  Charles  Champlin,  soldier,  man- 
ufac  tiuer,  ( ongrcssiuan,  was  born  Nov.  24, 
1841,  in  Alleglieny  City,  Pa.  He  served 
two  years  in  the  army  during  the  civil  war 
as  a  private  in  company  A,  ninth  regiment 
Pennsylvania  reserve  volunteer  corps;  iind 
afterwards  as  adjutant  of  the  lirst  Peiuisyl- 
vania  cavalry.  In  1887-89  lie  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  fifty-first  congress  from 
I'ennsylvania  as  a  republican. 

Townsend,  Charles  Elroy,  educator,  law- 
yer, congressman.  United  States  senator, 
was  born  Aug.  15.  1856,  in  Concord,  Mich. 
In  1877  ho  graduated  from  the  Jackson  high 
school  ;  and  in  1877-78  attended  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan.  For  several  years  he  was 
a  school  teacher;  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
and  in  1886-97  was  register  of  deeds  of  Jack- 
son county,  Mich.  In  1898  he  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  rei)ublican  national  convention  ; 
and  in  1898-1902  was  a  member  of  the  repub- 
lican state  central  committee.  In  1903-11  he 
was  a  representative  from  ^liciiigan  to  the 
fifty-eig'hth,  fifty-ninth,  sxitieth  and  sixty- 
first  congresses  as  a  republican.  Since  1911 
he  has  been  United  States  senator  from  Mich- 
igan. 

Townsend,  Christopher,  merchant,  donor, 
was  born  in  February,  1807,  in  Newiiort, 
It. I.  In  1826  he  entered  business  relations 
of  a  mercantile  firm  of  New  Y'ork  ;  and  sub- 
sequently established  a  commission  house  in 
New-  York  City.  He  donated  ten  thou.sand 
dollars  for  the  establishment  and  sustaining 
the  Home  for  the  friendless  children  of 
Newport,   N.Y. 

Townsend,  Curtis  McDonald,  soldier,  civil 
euiiiiieer.  Was  lioiu  Mar.li  22.  1856,  in  Brook- 
lyn. X.Y.  In  1879  he  graduated  from  West 
Point:  became  lieutenant  of  engineers;  was 
later  promoted  captain  and  major:  and  has 
lieen  connected  with  river  and  haibor  move- 
ments on  the  east  shore  of  Lake  Michigan, 
and  later  on  the  Mississippi  near  Kock 
Island.  He  was  in  charge  of  the  harbor 
iiiipioN cmcnls  of  the  Philijipiiu'  islands;  anti 
was  in  charge"  of  the  harbeir  imiirovements 
of  Ohio  on  Lake  Erie:  and  in  1907  attained 
the   rank   of   lieMite'uant-e-olouel. 

Townsend,  Dwight,  merchant,  congress- 
ui.in.  was  beirii  in  1826  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  iele-nlilied  with  sugar  refining  anei 
te'li-urnph  e-nte'rprise's.  In  1863-65  anel  1871- 
73  he'  was  a   representative  from  New   York 


•iS2 


HKRRINOSHAW   S 


I'.KAKV    nl.'    ,\Mi:i;iC.\N    IMOCUArilV 


lo  llu'  lliiriy-.'i.i;lilli  ;iiul  rurly-sr.  omiI  I'ou- 
j;ri'ssos.  lie  diotl  (K-l.  29.  18i»9,  in  N.-w  York 
City. 

Townsend,  Edward  Davis,  soldior.  millior. 
was  liorii  Aiiu.  22.  JSi7,  in  Udmuu,  Mmss. 
IU<  was  !ui  iu'juliml-.uciu'ral  ut'  Iho  I'liilcd 
Stall's  army;  and  at  the  time  of  his  dentli 
on  Mio  retired  list  as  brijindeir-^ieueral.  IIi* 
was  iliii'l'  ex(>ciiti\e  ollieer  ol"  llu>  war  de- 
partment in  >\"asliinuton  durinu  liie  ei\il 
war.  lie  was  ihe  aullior  of  (.".;teelusn>  of 
ilie  r.ilde :  and  Aneedotes  of  the  ('i\il  War 
in  llie  I'niled  Slates.  He  died  May  11.  1S;>3. 
in   Wasjunuton.   P.C 

Townsend,  Edward  Waterman,  journal 
ist,  anil'.or,  was  iiorn  l^'di.  10,  ISoo.  in  Cleve- 
land. Ohio.  In  i;tll-ir)  he  was  a  represenui- 
tive  from  New  Jersey  to  Ihe  sixty-second 
and  sixly-lidrd  '.'on.uresses.  lie  is  a  jonrnai- 
isi  of  New  York  City  whose  studies  of 
Kowery  life  and  dialeet  have  iieen  w'dely 
popular,  lie  is  the  author  oi'  Chimuiie  Fad- 
den  and  Majoi-  Max:  Chinnnie  Fadden  lOx- 
plaiiis.  .Major  .Max  Kxpounds ;  A  l>au.uhter 
of  the  'renements.  a  novel;  Near  a  Whole 
Cilyfnl.  a  eidleetion  of  short  dramatie  stories  ; 
Heaver  Creek  Farm;  and  other  works.  In 
eoUaiioration  he  has  written  several  plays, 
ineludini:-  Chin\mie  Fadden  ;  .\.  Dau^liter  of 
the  T'lu-neails :  and  'The  Marquis  of  Mieh- 
ii^an. 

Townsend,  Edwin  Franklin,  soldier,  was 
born  July  14,  1833.  in  New  York.  In  18o4 
he  ifraduated  from  the  United  States  mili- 
tary academy:  in  1854  was  hrevetted  second 
lieutei'a'M  :  served  throuuhont  fh.e  civil  war 
as  captain  :  in  1S8G  liecame  colonel  ;  and  in 
1895  was  retired  at  his  own  request  and  ad- 
vanced to  the  rank  of  brijiadier-.neneral.  lie 
received  the  brevets  of  major  and  lieuleu- 
ant-c(donel  for  service  in  tlu'  eivil^  war.  lie 
died    Ani;-.    1.".,    1'.>I)!). 

Townsend,  Eliza,  poet,  was  born  in  ITS!) 
in  Koston.  Mass.  llrr  clleited  Foems  and 
Miscelhuues  wi-re  pul'lished  in  185G.  She 
died    Jan.    12.    isr>4,    in    Boston.    Mass. 

Townsend,    Frederick,    soldier,    was    born 


SiMll. 


is:; 


in 


A  than V.    X.Y.      In    185G 


he  became  adjulant-.ueneral  of  the  state,  lie 
served  in  various  capacities  during'  tlie  civil 
war  as  major.  In  1878  he  was  appointed  a 
briiiadier  general  in  Ihe  state  militi.i  :  ai\d 
afterwaril     hecauu'     :',djutant-;;eneral.  He 

died  Sept.  11.  1898.  in  Albany.  N.Y. 

Townsend,  George,  conuressnntn.  was  born 
in  IJudMis  couut\.  N.Y.  In  1815-19  he  was 
a  representative  to  Ih.e  fotirieenth  and  fif- 
teenth conuri'sses.  lie  died  in  Oyst^-r  Hay, 
NY. 

Townsend,  George  Alfred,  known  as  Cath. 
journalisl.  aullior.  was  ()orn  Jan.  30.  1841, 
in  (Jeoriielown,  l>el.  lie  is  famous  as  a  war 
corresix.nilent.  He  is  the  author  of  Wash- 
ini;t(ui  Outside  and  Inside;  'Tales  of  the 
Chesapeake;  Hohemian  Hays;  Camp.ii:;ns  of 
a  Xon-(\)m)ialant  :  The  Entailed  Ilat.  a 
no\.'l;  Foetus;  Life  of  Cariiialdi;  The  Heal 
Fife    of    .Mu'ahaiu    Lincoln  :    Katy    of    Catoc- 


tin.    a    National    Komance ;    and    Mrs.    IJey- 
nolds    and    Hamilton. 

Townsend,  George  Washington,  merehant, 
lawyer,  author,  was  burn  l'"el).  1,  1S39,  in 
West    Chester.    I'a.      I'\<r    ten    years    he    was 

a  successful  merchant, 
and  in  1874  was  ad- 
mitted to  ilie  bar.  His 
method  of  education 
embodied  i  n  T  h  e 
Wherewitiial  trains 
the  senses  and  teaches 
how  to  think.  He 
tilled  hiiih  ollicial  ma- 
sonic positions,  ami 
has  le(  lured  exteusivo- 
ly  on  iducationnl  top- 
ics. He  was  Ihe  au- 
thor ,)f  Wherewithal, 
or  New  Disioveries  in  C'au>»e  and  KiTect ; 
and  J.icob's  LaiUler.  He  died  in  1905  in 
Fhiladeli)hia.   Fa. 

Townsend,  Horace,  journalist,  dramatist, 
•author,  was  born  in  \i^7i'H  in  lunula n.l.  In 
1881-89  he  was  on  the  staiV  of  the  New 
York  Tribune.  He  is  the  author  of  Two 
Kosiues:    anil   The   Little   (tirl   in   Cray. 

Townsend,   Hosea,   soldier,   lawyer,  jurist, 
( (ii>messmau.    w;is    born    .lune    IG,    1840.    in 
(JreiMiwieh,    Ohio.      He    i'iiliste<l    in    the    sec- 
ond   Ohio    cavalry     in 
18131  ;     and     was     pro- 
moted    to     lieutenant, 
and    resigned    in    18G;> 
,       .^    iMi   iU'count   of   disabil- 
(HB  t^lfe    ^- ■j1    ''^'-    ^'"    ^^''^   admittel 
\  ?UJH    to    the    bar    at    Cleve- 

land, Ohio,  and  com- 
menced the  practice  of 
1  a  w  i  n  Memphis, 
Tenn.,  in  1865,  Ho 
was  (dected  to  the  le^- 
islatiire  of  that  slate 
in  1809  as  a  republi- 
term.  In  1887-91  ho 
to    the    fifty-lirst    and 


and    served   one 
a    representative 


can. 
was 

lifty-second  conufess(>s  as  a  ri>i)ublican.  In 
1898-190 —  he  was  jnd;:e  of  the  United 
States  distrh't  court  for  the  southern  dis- 
trict of  the  Indian  ti-rritory  :  and  by  virtue 
of  his  said  ollice  was  a  member  of  the  I'liit- 
ed  States  court  of  appeals  of  the  Indian 
i.MTiloiy.  He  died  Marrb  4,  1909.  in  Ard- 
more,     FT. 

Townsend,  Howard,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Nov,  22,  1823,  m  Alban.v,  N.Y. 
He  was  sur!reon-.ireneral  of  New  \  ork  n; 
1851-52;  and  afterward  professor  in  the  .VI- 
baiiy  medical  <idle-e.  He  was  the  author 
of  'ihe  Sunbeam  and  Ihe  Spectn^scope  ;  Food 
and  its  l)ii;esti'>n  ;  and  Sinai  Hible.  He  died 
Jan.  IG.  18G7.  in    Albany.   N.Y. 

Townsend,  James,  statesman,  was  born  in 
Oueeus  county.  N.Y.  He  was  elected  ;i 
ivpresentative  from  New  Ycn-k  to  the  second 
cmtiiress;  but  died  liefore  lakin;;  his  seat. 
He  (lied  in   Mav.  1791.   in  O.vsler   Hay,   N,Y. 

Townsend,  James  Bliss,  journalist,  found- 
er,   aullior,    poel,    was    born    Sept.    30,    1855. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


483 


in  Xtn\-  York  City.  In  1902-07  lie  was  on  t\w 
editorial  staff  of  the  New  York  Herahl.     In 

1904  he  I'onnded  thf^  Ameiicau  Art  News, 
of  which  he  is  editor  and  iiroprictor.  Ha 
is  the  author  of  Handoin  l-'ancies.  Sonnets 
and  Translations. 

Townsend,  James  Mulford,  capitalist,  pliil- 
anihroi)isi.  was  Imin  Jan.  20  1825.  in  New 
Haven.  Conn.  'I"he  Townsend  prize  fnnd, 
anioiintins'  to  one  hnnc.rcd  dollars,  was  his 
jiift  to  the  Yale  law  school.  It  is  offered 
the  student  who  shall  write  ano  deliver  the 
best  oration  in  the  best  manner  on  gradua- 
tion day.  He  was  instrumental  iu  sinking 
the  first  oil  well  in  Pennsylvania  ;  and  sent 
the  first  bottle  of  petroleum  to  Europe.  He 
died  in  1901   in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Townsend,  John  Kirk,  naturalist,  author, 
was  born  An-.  10.  1809,  in  I'hiladelphia, 
Pa.  He  was  a  naturalist  of  \\  ashington.  He 
was  the  author  of  Journej-  to  the  Columbia 
Itiver ;  republished  in  I^ondon  as  Sporting 
Adventures  in  the  Kocky  Mountains.  He 
died    Fel).    16.    1851.    in    Washiuy,ton.    D.C. 

Townsend,  John  Pomeroy,  merchant,  fin- 
ancier, was  born  Oct.  10,  1832,  in  Middle- 
bury,  Vt.  In  1885  he  became  president  of 
the  maritime  exchange;  of  which  he  had 
previously  been  vice-president.  He  died  Sept. 
12.  1898.  in  1'arrytown,  N.Y. 

Townsend,  Lawrence,  lawyer,  translator, 
diijlomat,  was  born  Aug.  13,  1860,  in  I'hila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1871-77  he  attended  Man- 
tua academy  of  I'hiladelphia.  Pa. ;  and  in 
1877-81  attended  the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1893-97  he  was  first  secre- 
tary of  the  United  States  legation  at  V.'ei.- 
na  ;  in  1897-99  was  envoy  extraordinary  and 
minister  plenipotentiary  of  the  United  States 
at  Lislion,  I'ortugal ;  and  in  1899-1905  filled 
the  latter  office  at  Brussels,  Belgium.    Since 

1905  he  has  been  interested  in  copper  mine.-; 
in  Utah.  He  has  made  a  specialty  of  inter- 
national law:  and  has  published  numerous 
translations  from  the  Fr'nich  and  (Jenaan  on 
that  and  other  subjects. 

Townsend,  Luther  Tracy,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, aullior,  was  born  Sei)t.  27,  1838,  in 
Orono,  Maine.  He  is  a  methodist  clergy- 
man and  educator  of 
prominence,  professor 
in  Boston  university 
since  1873;  now  pro- 
fessor emeritus;  a  pas- 
tor in  Baltimor"  from 
1X93  ;  and  subsetpient- 
ly  in  Wasliington, 
l).(\  Hi-  is  th"  au- 
tli(U-  of  (iod-Man  ; 
Credo:  The  Fate  of 
Kepublics ;  Outlines 
of  Cliristian  Theolo- 
gy :  Sword  and  (Jar- 
.Vrena  and  the  Throne;  The  In- 
\Vorld  ;  Lost  Forever;  Search 
and  Manifestations;  The  Mosaic  Record  and 
Modern  Scidue ;  Bible  Tiieolngy  and  Mod- 
ern Thouglit  ;  Outlines  of  Theology;  The 
Supernatural   Factor  in  Beiigious  Bevivals; 


UKUit  ;  The 
tennediate 


Beal  and  I'reii'udcd  Christianity;  The  Bi- 
ble and  Other  Ancient  Literature  in  the 
Nineteenth  Century;  The  (,'ljinese  Problem; 
Faith  Work.  Christian ,  Science  and  other 
Cures;  The  Interinediate  >Vorld ;  The  Art 
of  Speech;  Jonah  in  the  Light  of  Higher 
Criticism  :  K\oluti()u  or  Creation's  Anasta- 
sis  or  the  Lnmortal  Li^e  ;  Sermons  and  Ad- 
dresses and  History  of  Sixteenth  Regiment 
New  Iliuniishire  \'olnnteers. 

Townsend,  Linus,  author,  poet,  was  born 
Dec.  25,  1819.  near  Apollo,  Pa.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  volume  entitled  Miscellaneous 
Poems;  and  a  Pioneer  History,  containing 
historical  notes  of  a  district  in  ^Vest  I'eim- 
sylvania. 

Townsend,  Martin  Ingham,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  I'(>b.  6,  1810,  in  Han- 
cock, Mass.  In  1842-45  he  was  district  at- 
torney for  Rensselaer  county,  N.Y. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1867; 
since  1873  regent  of  the  state  university; 
attorney  for  the  northern  district  of  New 
York  in  1879-87  ;  and  a  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional commission  of  1890.  In  1875-79 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  forty-fourth 
and  fortv  fifth  congresses  as  a  republican. 
He  died':SIarch  8,   1903,  in  Troy,   N.Y. 

Townsend,  Mrs.  Mary  Ashley,  author,  po- 
et, was  horn  al)out  1836  in  Lyons,  N.Y.  She 
is  a  poet  of  New  Orleans.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Xariffa's  Poems  ;  Down  the  Bayou, 
and  Other  Poems ;  Distaff  and  Spindle ; 
The  Captain's  Story :  a  Poem ;  and  The 
Brother  Clerks.  She  died  in  1901  in  New 
Orleans,  La. 

Townsend,  Penn,  merchant,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Dec.  20,  1651,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  was  a  wine-merchnnl  ;  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  council ;  a  representative  in 
1686-98;  and  later  speaker  of  the  house 
and  chief  judge  of  the  Suffolk  superior 
court.  He  was  afterward  captain  of  the  An- 
cient and  honorable  artillery  company;  and 
in  1703  was  colonel  of  the  Boston  regiment. 
He  died  Aug.  21.  1727,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Townsend,  Robert,  naval  officer,  Avas  born 
ill  1819  in  .Mbany,  N.Y.  He  became  cai)- 
tain  in  1806.  and  afterward  was  ordered  to 
the  East  Indian  s(|uailron,  where  his  conduct 
of  affairs  at  Xewchwang.  Ciiina,  preserved 
the  peace  of  the  port,  and  at  the  same  time 
did  not  inlevferc  with  the  authority  of  thi' 
native  officials.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1866,  at 
sea   near  ( *liin;i. 

Townsend,  Smith  J.,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Jan.  16.  1S69,  in  Geneva.  111.  He 
received  his  degree  of  medicine  from  the 
mi'ifical  department  of  the  \Vestern  Re- 
serve university  of  Cleveland.  Ohio:  and 
has  since  atlained  success  in  his  profession 
at  Palon,  Iowa.  He  has  been  health  com- 
missioner; medical  examiner  of  various  large 
life  insurance  companies:  and  is  a  promi- 
nent  iih-mber  of  the  leiH'ing  medical   b.xlies. 

Townsend,  Thomas  S.,  compiler,  historian, 
was  born  Aug.  27.  lS2r-.  in  .\'<'W  York  City. 
In    1860    he    determined    to    form    a    clirono- 


484 


HERRINGSHA-VVS   LIBRAPY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Dare  ; 

Gil-Is  ; 
Girl's 


logical  history  of  every  important  occur- 
rence in  connection  with  the  impending  civil 
war.  This  journalistic  record  comprises 
about  one  hundred  and  twenty  volumes  con- 
taining sixty  thousand  pages.  This  collec- 
tion is  now  in  Columbia  college  library,  New 
York  City. 

Townsend,  Virginia  Frances,  litterateur, 
author,  was  horn  in  1836  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Woman's 
Word;  One  Woman's  Two  Lovers;  Lenox 
Protestant  Queen  or  Navarre;  Only 
Sirs.  Only  Seventeen ;  A  Boston 
Ambition;  Six  in  All;  But  a  Philis- 
tine ;  That  C^ueer  Girl ;  While  It  Was  Morn- 
ing;  Buds  from  Christmas  Boughs;  By  and 
By;  Amy  ]>eane ;  The  Battle  Field  of  Our 
Fathers;  The  Hollands;  Max  Meredith's 
Millennium;  Elizabeth  Tudor;  and  Janet 
Strong. 

Townsend,  Washington,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1813  in  Westchester,  Pa. 
In   ]832  he  became  a   teller   in   the  bank  of 

Chester  county ;  and 
came  to  the  bar  in 
1844.  He  served  two 
terms  as  deputy 
state's  attorney  o  f 
Pennsylvania.  He  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Bal- 
timore national  con- 
vention of  1852  and 
the  Chicago  conven- 
tion of  18G0.  In  1869- 
77  he  was  a  represent- 
ative from  Pennsylva- 
nia to  the  forty-first, 
forty-third,  and  forty-fourth 
a  republican.  He  died  March 
17.  1894.  in  West  Chester,  Pa. 

Townsend,  William  Kneeland,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  June  12.  1849,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  He  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  New  Ha- 
ven, Conn.;  has  been  corporation  counsel; 
in  1892-1902  was  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court ;  and  in  1902  became  judge  of 
the  circuit  court  of  the  second  circuit.  He 
was  profebsor  of  law  in  the  A  ale  university. 
He  was  the  author  of  New  Connecticut 
Civil  Officer.  He  died  June  2,  1907,  in  New 
Haven.  Conn. 

Townshend,  Norton  S.,  physician,  educa- 
tor coiiurcssmnn.  was  born  Dec.  2o.  1815,  in 
in  England.  In  1848  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Ohio  state  legislature.  In  1851-53  he 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
thirty-second  congress.  During  the  civil 
war  'he  wa  i  a  medical  inspector  in  the 
United  States  army.  In  1873-95  he  was 
connected  with  the  Ohio  agricultural  col- 
lege.    He  died  in   1895,  in  Elyria,  Ohio. 

Townshend,  RiThard  Wellington,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  April  30,  1840,  in 
Prince  (ieorge  county,  Md.  He  was  prose- 
cuting attornev  for  the  twelfth  judicial 
circuit  of  Illinois  in  1808-72.  In  1877-80 
he  was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to 
the  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth,  forty-seventh, 
forty-eigiith,    forty-ninth,   and   liftieth    con- 


forty-second, 
congresses  as 


gresses   as   a   democrat.     He   died  March   9, 
tS!i9,    in    Shawneetown,    111. 

Towson,  Nathan,  soldier,  was  born  Jan. 
22,  1784,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  served  dur- 
ing the  war  of  1812.  He  was  appointed 
paymaster-general  of  the  army  in  1819; 
and  in  1821  colonel  of  the  2d  artillery.  He 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  in  1834; 
and  major-general  in  1848  for  meritorious 
conduct  during  the  war  with  Mexico.  He 
died    July   20,    1854,   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Toy,  Crawford  Howell,  educator,  author, 
was  born  March  23,  1836,  in  Norfolk,  Va. 
IJe  has  been  professor  of  Hebrew  in  Har- 
\ard  university  since  1880.  He  is  the  au- 
tiior  of  Quotations  in  the  New  Testa- 
ment; History  of  the  Religion  of  Israel; 
Judaism  and  Christianity,  tiie,  Progress  of 
'J'hoiight  from  tlie  Old  Testament  to  the 
New;  Hebrew  Text  of  Ezekiel;  Englis'.i 
translation  of  Ezekiel;  and  Commentary  on 
Proverbs. 

Tozier,  Joseph,  litterateur,  author,  as 
born  Aug.  12,  1861,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  Among  English  Inns; 
Handbook  for  Transatlantic  Travelers;  and 
a    Spring   Fortniylit    in   France. 

Tozzer,  Alfred  Marston,  educator,  author, 
was  born  July  4,  1877,  in  Lynn,  Mass. 
Since  19U5  he  has  been  an  instructor  in 
Harvard  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
A  Comparative  Study  of  the  Mayas  and 
i^acandoncs. 

Trabue,  Isaac  Hodgen,  soldier,  lawyer, 
business  man.  author,  was  born  Marcli  25, 
1829,  in  Russell  county,  Ky.  In  1859  lie 
was  aide  to  the  governor  of  Kentucky; 
and  in  1861  raised  a  company  of  union 
soldiers  in  Jellerson  county,  Ky.;  and 
served  in  the  civil  war  from  captain  to 
colonel.  The  last  three  years  of  the  war 
he  mined  millions  of  bushels  of  coal  from 
the  abandoned  mines  to  coal  the  govern- 
ment transports.  His  specialty  in  law  was 
prosecuting  th.e  Kuklnx.  In  1872  he  was 
a  candidate  for  congress  on  the  republi- 
can ticket;  was  elector  in  187G;  and  green- 
hack  candidate  for  treasurer  of  Kentucky 
in  1877  and  for  attorney -general  in  187!). 
He  has  attained  note  as  a  well-known  chess 
player;  and  is  the  author  of  Hobson  Blow- 
ing' Up  tlie  ]\Ierrimac  in  Santiago  Bay,  a 
drama ;  Black  Wench,  a  novel ;  and  Rules 
and  Directions  to  Play  Four-handed  Trabue. 
American  Chess.  He  died  July  16,  1907, 
in    Punta    Gorda.    Fla. 

Tracewell,  Robert  J.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man was  born  May  7,  1852,  in  Warren 
county,  Va.  He  entered  his  father's  law 
office  at  Corydon,  Iml. ;  and  has  since  re- 
mained at  Corydon  in  the  practice  of  the  law. 
In  1895-97  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
lifty-fourth  congress  as  a  re])ublican.  Since 
1897  he  has  been  comptroller  of  I'nited 
States  treasury. 

Tracey,  Charles,  congressman,  was  born 
jNlav  27,  1847,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He  was  ap- 
pointed   aide    to    Governor    Tilden    of    New 


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485 


Yurk  ill  1875;  and  Avas  appointed  com- 
missary-general of  subsistence  of  New  York 
state  in  1877.  In  1887-95  he  was  a  rep- 
lesentative  from  New  Y'ork  to  the  iiftietli, 
fifty-first,  fifty-second  and  fifty-third  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  IDO.")  in 
Albany,  N.Y. 

Tracey,  James  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
-May  30,  1854,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  In  1875 
he  began  the  practice  of  law  in  Albany, 
N.Y'. ;  and  for  fifl'^en  years  was  lecturer  on 
the  law  of  coriiorations  at  the  Albany  law 
school.  Since  1905  he  has,  been  assistant 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Philip- 
|)ine  Islands. 

Tracey,  John  P.,  soldier,  journalist,  law- 
yer, con.iirossinan.  was  born  Sept.  18.  1836, 
in  Wayne   county.   Ohio.     He  enlisted   as   a 

private  in  the  union 
— ^  :  army     in     1862;     was 

inu'^tered   out   with  the 

rank    of    first    lieuten- 

#■/'■  ant   in   1865  ;   and  was 

. ,  ■■''.     ■■  commissioned     lieuten- 

H,'=  ant-colonel    of    enrcU- 

.  *-  ^  i>d     militia      in     1865. 

He   sellied   in    Sprin.q- 

/  lield    in   1874   and    en- 

1^^^^^^       s.   ,  L^aged     in     journalism 

^^^^^BMk   '^.■«^'--.      '^  the  editor  of  a   re- 

He  was  on  ihe  Grant 
electorial  ticket  in  1868 :  republican  candi- 
date for  railroad  commissioner  in  1878;  and 
candidate  for  eh'ctor  at  large  on  the  Gar- 
field ticket  in  ISSO.  He  was  I'nited  States 
marshal  for  the  western  district  of  Mis- 
souri in  1890-94.  In  1895-97  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  tlie  firty-f!<i:rtli  congress  as  a 
rrpuhlii  an. 

Tracy,  Albert  Haller,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, contiVL-ssmaii.  was  I'orn  June  17,  1793, 
in  Norwich.  Conn.  In  1819-25  he  was  a  rep- 
resent;-tivc  from  Now  York  to  ilic  sixteenth, 
seventeenth  and  eighlcciith  congresses.  Hg 
was  state  senator  in  1829-37.  He  died  Sept. 
19.  1850.  in   P.nfl'aln.   N.Y. 

Tracy,  Benjamin  Franklin,  soldier,  law- 
ver.  jiiri><t.  cabin.n  officer,  was  born  Ajjril  26, 
1830,  in  Owego.  N.Y.     In  1853  and  1856  he 

was  elected  district  at- 
torney of  i'ioga  coun- 
ty ;  and  was  succes- 
sively elected  and  re- 
elected a  member  of 
the  state 
lie  seived 
war;  and 
was  made 
general, 
he  was 
district 


legislature, 
ill  the  civil 
at  its  close 
a  luigadier- 
Iii  1866-73 
rnit<'d  States 
atloniev     for 


the  eastern   district   of 


1881-83     was     an 
court     of     appeals 
secretary      of      the 
ord     in     I  he     creation 
is  a  matter  of  history. 


New     York ; 
ssociate     judge 
In      1889-93 
navy,      and 
of     the     ne 
He  drafted 


anil     111 

of     the 

he      was 

his    rec- 

w     navy 

the  new 


charter  for  the  greater  city  of  New  York; 
and  in  1897  was  a  candidate  for  the  mayor- 
alty of  that  city.  In  1899  he  was  counsel 
for  Venezuela  before  the  Anglo-A^'enezuela 
boundary  arbitration  commission. 

Tracy,  Andrew,  state  senator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  ^'ermont.  In  1853-55  he 
was  a  ropresei;tt'.live  from  Veriiiont  to  the 
thirty-third  congress.  He  served  ten  years 
in  the  state  legislature,  a  part  of  th:;  time 
in  each  house  ;  and  was  speaker  in  1842-45. 
He  died  Oct.  28,  1868.  in  Woodstock,  Yt. 

Tracy,  Charles  Chapin,  educator,  mission- 
ary, author,  was  born  Oct.  31.  1838,  in  East 
Smithfield.  Pa.  He  received  a  thorough  ed- 
ucation in  the  ijublic 
schools ;  and  studied 
theology ;  graduating 
from  Williams  college 
in  1864.  Since  1886 
he  has  been  president 
of  the  Anatolia  college 
in  Turkey ;  and  for 
thirty-three  years  has 
been  engaged  in  mis- 
sionary and  educa- 
tional work  in  the 
Turkish  empire.  He 
is  the  author  of  Let- 
ters to  ^Members  of  Oriental  Families;  Myra. 
or  a  Child's  Story  of  Missionary  Life;  and 
Talks  on  the  Veranda  in  a  Faraway  Land; 
and   other  works. 

Tracy,  Mrs.  Clarissa  Tucker,  educator, 
botanist,  autlior,  poet,  was  born  Nov.  12, 
1818,  in  Jackson,  Fa.  Until  1839  she  taught 
schools  in  Susquehanna  county.  Pa.;  and 
then  taught  three  years  in  Neenah,  Wis. 
In  1859  she  beoan  educational  work  in 
Ki])on  college  of  Wisconsin,  where  for  over 
forty-four  years  she  filled  the  chair  of  bot- 
any and  niathematics.  She  is  the  author  of 
Manual  of  the  Flora  of  Kipon  and  Vicinity; 
and  numerous  poems  and  sketches  for  peri- 
odical literature.  ^ 

Tracy,  Frank  Basil,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  18,  186G,  in  Brighton.  Iowa. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  on  the  editorial  stall 
of  the  Boston  Transcript.  He  is  the  author 
of  History  of  Canada,  in  two  volumes. 

Tracy,  Frank  W.,  banker,  founder,  was 
born  July  21,  1833,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In 
1879  he  became  ])resident  of  the  First  na- 
tional bank  of  Soringficdd.  111.  He  was  one 
(d  the  founders  of  the  American  bankers' 
association.  He  died  Nov.  8,  1903,  in  Spring- 
n(dd.  111. 

Tracy,  Henry  W.,  inerchant.  state  legisla- 
tor, copgiessiiiaii,  was  born  Sept.  24,  1807, 
in  Luzerne  county.  Pa.  In  18()I-62  he  was  a 
iiiember  of  the  Pennsylvania  state  legisla- 
ture. In  1863-05  lie  was  a  representative 
from  Pinnsylvania  to  the  thirty-eighth  con- 
gress.   He  died  in   Pennsylvania. 

Tracy,  Ira,  missionary,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  15.  ISOfi,  in  Hartford.  Vt.  He  was  a 
congiH'gatioiial  inissionary  in  the  East  In- 
dies.   He   was   the   author   of   Duty   to   the 


480 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Heatlun.    lie  died  Nov.  10,  1875,  in  Bloom- 
ingtoii,  AA'is. 

Tracy,  John  Clayton,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1869,  in  Willimantic, 
Conn.  Since  1891  he  has  been  an  instructor 
:ii  Yah'  university.  He  is  the  author  of  An 
Introductory  Course  in  Mechanical  Draw- 
ing:   and   Plane  Surveying. 

Tracy,  Joseph,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  3.  1794,  in  Hartford,  Vt.  He  was 
a  congregational  clergyman;  and  secretary 
of  the  Massachusetts  colonization  society. 
He  was  the  author  of  Three  Last  Things; 
and  The  Great  Awakening,  a  History  of 
the  Revival  of  Religion  in  the  Time  of  Ed- 
\\ards  and  Whiteiield.  He  died  March  24, 
1874,  in  Beverly,  Mass. 

Tracy,  Phineas  Lyman,  lawyer,  jmist, 
congressman.  Avas  born  Dec.  25,  1786,  in  Nor- 
wich, Conn.  In  1827-33  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  twentieth,  twen- 
ty-first and  twenty-second  congresses.  In 
J 841 -46  he  was  judge  of  Genesee  county,, 
when  he  retired  from  professional  life.  He 
cied    Dec.   23.    1876.    in    Batavia,  N.Y. 

Tracy,  Roger  Sherman,  physician,  sanita- 
rian, autlior,  Avas  born  Dec.  9,  1841,  in 
Windsor,  Vt.  He  is  a  physician  of  New 
Y'ork  City;  and  for  many  years  served  in 
the  healtli  department.  He  is  the  author  of 
Handbook  of  Sanitary  Information  for 
Householders;  Essentials  of  Anatomy; 
Physiology  and  Hygiene;  and  The  New 
Liber  Primus. 

Tracy,  Samuel  Mills,  educator,  scientist, 
was  born  April  30,  1847,  in  Hartford,  Vt. 
He  has  received  the  degrees  of  B.S.  and  M. 
S.  In  1877-87  he  was  professor  of  botany 
in  the  university  of  Missouri,  in  1887-97 
was  director  of  the  Mississippi  agricul- 
tural experiment  station,  and  since  1897 
has  been  special  agent  of  forage  crop  in- 
vestigations in  the  United  States  depart- 
ment of  agriculture.  In  1909-11  he  was 
president  of  the  Louisiana  society  national. 

Tracy,  Uri,  congressman,  was  born  about 

1757    in    Franklin.    Conn.      In    1805-07    and 

1809-13  he  was  a  representative  from  New 

-York    to    the    ninth,    eleventh    and    twelfth 

congresses.   He  died  in  1813  in  Oxford,  N.Y. 

Tracy,  Uriah,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man. l'7)ite(l  States  senator,  was  born  Feb. 
2,  1755,  in  Franklin,  Conn.  He  was  often 
chosen  a  Connecticut  state  representative; 
and  \n  1793  was  speaker  of  tlie  house.  In 
1793-97  he  was  a  representative  to  tlie  third 
and  t'ouith  congresses;  and  in  1795-1807  he 
was  United  States  senator.  He  was  also  a 
major-general  of  militia.  Pie  died  July  9, 
18()7.  in  Washington.  D.C. 

Trafton,  Adeline,  litterateur,  author,  was 
liorii  about  1845  in  Sacarappa,  INIaine.  Her 
novels  were  first  jn-inted  as  serials  in  mag- 
azines. Tliey  include  An  American  Girl 
Abroad;  Katherine  I'^arle;  and  His  Inheri- 
lancc. 

Trafton,  Mark,  elergynum,  congressman, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1810,  in  Bangor, 
Aliiiiic.     lie    is    a    methodist    clergyman    of 


prominence.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts  to  the  thirty- 
fourth  congress.  He  is  the  author  of  Ram- 
bles in  Europe;  Safe  Investment;  Bap- 
tism: its  Subjects  and  Mode;  Scenes  in  My 
Life;  and  The  Birch  Canoe.  He  died  in 
1901  in  West  Soinerville,  Mass. 

Trail,  Florence,  author,  was  born  Sept. 
1.  1854,  in  Frederick,  Md.  She  was  the.  au- 
thor of  My  Journal  in  Foreign  Lands; 
Studies  in  Criticism;  Under  the  Second  Re- 
naissance; and  A  History  of  Italian  Litera- 
ture. 

Train,  Arthur  Cheney,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  6,  1875,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Since  1900  he  has  practiced  laAv  in  New 
York  City;  and  since  1901  has  been  deputy 
assistant  district  attorney  for  New  Yoik 
county.  He  is  the  author  of  McAllister; 
Tlie  Prisoner  at  the  Bar;   and  ^Mortmain. 

Train,  Arthur  Savage,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, was  born  Sept.  1,  1812,  in  Framing- 
ham,  Mass.  In  1836-59  he  was  pastor  of 
the  baptist  church  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  re- 
signing his  pastorate  to  accept  the  profes- 
forship  of  sacred  rhetoric  and  pastoral  du- 
ties in  Newton  theological  seminary.  He 
died  .Ian.  2.  1872.  in  Framingham,  Mass. 

Train,  Charles  Russell,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born  Oct.  18,  1817,  in  Framingham,  Mass. 
He  was  elected  to  the  IMassachusetts  legis- 
lature in  1847;  and  in  1848-51  was  district 
attorney  for  northern  ^lassachusetts.  He 
was  a  second  time  appointed  district  attor- 
ney; and  in  1857-58  Avas  a  member  of  the 
state  council.  In  1859-63  he  Avas  a  repre- 
sentatiA-e  from  ]\Iassaciiusetts  to  the  thirty- 
sixth  and  thirty-seventh  congresses.  In 
1875  he  was  elected  attorney-general  of 
Massachusetts.  He  died  in  1896  in  Massa- 
chusetts. 

Train,  Elizabeth  Phipps,  translator,  au- 
tlior, Avas  born  Sept.  1,  1856.  in  Dorchester, 
Mass.  She  is  a  novelist  of  Duxbury,  Mass. 
She  is  the  author  of  Dr.  Lamar;  Autobi- 
ogra))hy  of  a  Professional  Beauty;  A  So- 
cial IligliAvayman ;  A  ^laiital  Liability.  Her 
translations  from  the  French  include  The 
Apostate;  The  ShadoAV  of  Roger  Laroque; 
and  Recollections  of  the  Court  of  the  Tuil- 
crles. 

Train,  George  Frances,  lecturer,  author, 
Avas  born  March  24,  1829,  in,  Boston.  Mass. 
He  Avas  a  lecturer  of  Ncav  York  City.  He 
Avas  the  author  of  an  American  Merchant 
in  Europe;  Young  America  Abroad;  Young 
America  in  Wall  Street;  Spread  Eagleism; 
I'nion  Speeches;  and  Irish  Independencv. 
He  died  Jan.  18.  1904,  in  Ncav  York  City.' 

Trail,  Russell  Thacher,  physician,  author, 
A\  as  born  Aug.  5.  1812,  in  "S'ernon,  Conn. 
He  Avas  a  honneopathic  physician  of  NeAV 
York  CitA';  and  subse(|uentlA'  of  Florence, 
N.J.  He  was  the  autlior  of  The  Bath:  the 
History  and  L^ses  of.  in  Health  and  Dis- 
ease; Digestion  and  Dyspepsia;  The  Moth- 
er's Hygienic  Handbook;  The  Human 
^'oice;  Po]iiilar  Physiology:  The  True  Tem- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


487 


He  died  in  South 

educator,    clergy- 
Oct.    19,    1831,    in 


porance  Platform;  Encyclopedia  of  Hy- 
dropathy; and  Uterine  Diseases.  He  died 
Sept.  23,  1877,  in  Florence,  N.J. 

Trammell,  Leander  Newton,  state  senator, 
was  born  June  5.  1830,  in  Nacoochee,  Ga. 
In  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
Georgia  state  legislature;  and  in  1871-74 
was  president  of  the  state  senate.  In  1867 
and  1877  he  was  a  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention;  and  in  1881  was 
appointed  railroad  commissioner  of  Georgia, 
of  which  he  h?s  been  chairman  since  1890. 
lie  died  in  1900  in  Marietta,  Ga. 

Trapier,    Paul,    congressman.     In    1777-78 
he   was  a   delegate   from   South  Carolina   to 
the  continental  congress. 
Carolina. 

Trask,  Jabez  Nelson, 
man,  author,  was  born 
Freedom,  Maine.  In  1863  he  Avas  employed 
by  the  New  England  educational  commis- 
sion as  superintendent  of  abandoned  plan- 
tations on  Port  Royal  island.  S.C.  In  1871- 
72  he  was  United  States  Indian  agent 
among  the  Utahs  in  southwestern  Colorado; 
and  since  1868  has  filled  pastorates  in  vari- 
ous cities.  He  is  the  author  of  Adjusted 
Constitution  of  ^Massachusetts. 

Trask,  Spencer,  banker,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  18.  1844,  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
president  of  the  Edison  illumination 
company;  director  of  the  Edison  light  com- 
pany; and  director  of  several  railroads 
which  are  more  or  less  controlled  by  him 
and  his  firm.  He  was  the  author  of  Bowl- 
ing Green.     He  died  Jan.  4,   1909. 

Trask,  Mrs.  Katrina  Nichols,  poet,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  31,  1853,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.    After  receiving  a  thorough  education 

i  n  various  schools 
and  private  educa- 
t  i  o  n  a  1  institutions, 
she  engaged  in  liter- 
ary work;  and  her 
productions  have  ap- 
])carcd  in  tlie  leading 
magazines  and  current 
American  literature. 
She  is  the  wife  of 
Spencer  Trask  of  New 
York  City.  She  is  the 
author  of  Under 
King  Constantine; 
Laton.  Jr. ;~l?onnets  and  Lyrics;  Les- 
in  Love;  Free,  not  Bound;  and  Night 
Morning. 

Tratman,  Edward  Ernest  Russell,  civil 
(■Mgiiii'ei-.  tMlitor.  autlior,  was  born  in  Bris- 
tol, Kngland.  in  1889-90  and  in  1894  he  was 
special  agent  of  the  United  States  govern- 
ment to  rej)ort  on  metal  and  wooden  rail- 
way ties;  and  now  resides  in  Chicago,  111. 
He  is  the  author  of  Railway  Track  and 
Track  Work;  and  Re|)orts  on  ^Metal  and 
Wooden  Railway  Ties  and  Preservation  of 
Ties. 

Trask,  William  Blake,  autlior.  genealo- 
gist, was  born  Nov.  25,  1812,  in  Dorchester, 


John 
sons 
an( 


Mass.    He  received  a  thorough  education  in 

New  England.  He 
contributed  exten- 
sively to  the  Histor- 
ical and  Genealogical 
Register  of  Boston, 
Mass.  He  copied  the 
ancient  town  records 
of  Boston,  and  made 
fac  similes  of  auto- 
graphs for  Samuel  G. 
Drake's  history  of 
that  city;  and  con- 
tributed extensively 
to  the  New  England 
Historical  and  Genealogical  Register,  and 
various  other  publications.  He  died  in  1906 
in   Boston,  Mass. 

Traubel,  Horace,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  19,  18.58,  in  Camden,  N.J.  He 
has  been  a  special  writer  for  daily  news- 
papers and  magazines;  and  has  edited  sev- 
eral works.  He  is  the  author  of  Chants 
Comnumal;  and  With  Walt  Whitman  in 
Camden,   a    diary. 

Trauernicht,  Theodore,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Germany.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
second  regiment  ^Missouri  infantry;  and  in 
I860  Avas  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.    He  died  Jan.  7,  1887. 

Trautwine,  John  Cresson,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  March  30,  1810,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  Method 
of  Calculating  Cubic  Contents  of  Excava- 
tions and  Embankments;  Field  Practice  of 
Laying  out  Railroad  Curves;  and  Civil  En- 
gineer's Pocket-Book.  He  died  Sept.  14, 
1883.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Travis,  Lee  M.,  lawyer,  statesman.  He 
received  a  thorough  education;  and  has  at- 
tained success  in  the  practice  of  law  in  the 
state  of  Oregon.  He  is  prominently  identi- 
fied with  the  business  and  public  affairs  of 
Eugene.  Ore.,  and  has  filled  various  posi- 
tions of  trust  and  honor.  He  is  now  holding 
the  oflice  of  Oregon  commissioner  to  the 
Panama    Pacific    international    exposition. 

Travers,  Levi  Dove,  lawyer,  jurist,  legis- 
lator, was  born  Nov.  21,' 1828,  on  Taylor 
Island.  Md.  In  1878  he  was  chaplain  of  the 
senate  of  the  legislature  of  ^Maryland;  for 
two  years  was  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
state  legislature;  and  was  chief  judge  for 
eight    years. 

Travis,  William  Barrett,  soldier,  was 
born  in  1811  in  Conecuh  county,  Ala.  At 
the  commencement  of  the  Texan  struggle 
for  independence  he  drew  his  sword  in  that 
(anse  and  ftdl  bravely  fighting  a  vastly  su- 
peridi-  force  of  Mexicans.  He  was  killed 
Marcli  1,  1830,  at  tlie  Alamo,  and  he  is 
known  in  liistory  as  the  hero  of  the  Alamo. 
Traynor,  William  James  Henry,  jonrnalist, 
was  born  .Inly  4,  184.").  in  ('ana<la.  He  is 
the  founder,  editor  and  owner  of  The  Patri- 
otic American.  He  is  the  supreme  president 
of  the  American  Protective  association,  with 
headquarters  at  Detroit,  Mich. 


4S8 


HERRirjGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Treadway,  Allen  Towner,  congressman, 
state  senator,  was  born  Sept.  16,  1867,  in 
Stockbridge,  Mass.  He  is  a  hotel  proprietor; 
and  has  been  a  member  of  the  state  senate. 
In  1913-1.5  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts   to   the   sixty-third  congress. 

Treadwell,  Daniel,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  10,  1791,  in  Ipswich,  Mass.  He 
was  the  inventor  of  the  power-press  for 
spinning  hemp  for  cordage;  and  also  a  can- 
non which  bears  his  name.  He  was  Rum- 
ford  professor  at  Harvard  university  in 
1834-45.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Re- 
lations of  Science  to  the  Useful  Arts;  The 
Practicability  of  Constructing  Cannon  of 
Great  Calibre;  and  Construction  of  Hooped 
Cannon.  He  died  Feb.  27,  1872,  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Treadwell,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1745,  in 
Farmington,  Conn.  He  filled  the  offices  of 
judge  of  probate,  and  of  other  courts.  In 
1785-86  he  was  a  delegate  from  Connecti- 
cut to  the  continental  congress.  In  1809- 
11  lie  was  the  fourth  governor  of  Connecti- 
cut. He  died  Aiig.  19,  1823,  in  Farmington, 
Conn. 

Treadwell,  John  Goodhue,  pliysician,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  Aug.  1,  1805,  in  Sa- 
lem, Mass.  He  bequeathed  his  farm  at  Tops- 
field  to  the  Essex  county  agricultural  so- 
ciety, to  be  used  for  scientific  experiments 
in  agriculture;  and  to  Harvard  an  estate 
valued  at  about  one  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars, to  be  applied  to  the  foundation  and 
maintenance  of  a  professorship  of  physiolo- 
gy and  anatomy.  He  also  left  his  medical 
library  to  the  same  institution.  He  died 
Aug.  6.  1856,  in  Salem,  Mass. 

Treadwell,  Seymour  Boughton,  politician, 
autlior,  was  born  June  1,  1795,  in  Bridge- 
port, Conn.  He  was  the  author  of  Ameri- 
can Liberties  and  American  Slavery  Polit- 
ically Illustrated.  He  died  June  9,  1867,  in 
Jackson,  Mich. 

Treadwell,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Feb.  6, 
1743,  in  Smithtown,  N.Y.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  provincial  congress  of  tlie  colo- 
ny of  New  York  in  1775-76;  and  was  also 
a  member  of  the  convention  of  representa- 
tives of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1776-77, 
by  -which  the  first  constitution  of  the  state 
of  New  York  was  adopted.  In  1777-83  he 
was  a  nu'mber  of  the  New  York  assembly; 
and  in  1786-89  of  the  state  senate.  He  Avas 
tlio  first  judge  of  the  court  of  probate  of 
the  state  in  1778-87;  and  M'as  subsequently 
surrogate  of  Suff'olk  county  in  1787-91.  In 
1791-95  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  second  and  third  congresses; 
and  was  one  of  the  original  proprietors  of 
Plattsburg,  N.Y.  Ho  was  again  in  the  state 
senate  in  1803-08.  He  was  surrogate  of 
Clinton  countv  in  1807-31.  He  died  Jan.  30, 
1832,  in  Plattsburg,  N.Y. 

Treat,  Charles  Henry,  manufacturer,  fed- 
eral official,  was  born  in  Frankfort,  Maine. 


In  1877  he  became  engaged  in  manufactur- 
ing. Since  1905  he  has  been  treasurer  of 
the  United   States. 

Treat,  Harry  Whitney,  capitalist,  was 
born  Dec.  13,  1865,  in  Monroe,  Wis.  He 
was  educated  at  the  Morgan  Park  military 
academy,  Cornell  university  and  Harvard 
law  school.  He  is  president  of  the  Pacific 
trust  company  of  Seattle;  president  of  the 
Loyal  railway  company;  and  president  of 
the   Seattle   liorsc   show  association. 

Treat,  John  Harvey,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  July  23,  1839,  in  Pittsfield,  N.H. 
In  1888  he  presented  to  Harvard  a  large 
collection  of  rare  books;  and  to  its  museum 
of  comparative  zoology  he  gave  his  large 
collection  of  entomological  specimens.  He 
was  the  author  of  Notes  on  the  Rubrics; 
Truro  Baptism;  The  Catholic  Faith;  A 
Genealogy  of  the  Treat  Family;  and  other 
Morks.  He  died  in  November,  1908,  in  Law- 
rence, Mass. 

Treat,  Joseph,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  8.  1775,  in  Bangor,  Maine.  He  became 
brigadier-general  in  the  Maine  state  mili- 
tia. He  was  the  author  of  a  pamphlet  en- 
titled The  Vindication  of  Captain  Joseph 
Treat,  late  of  the  twenty-first  United  States 
Infantry,  against  tlie  Atrocious  Calumnies 
Comprehended  in  Major-General  Brown's 
Offivial  Report  of  the  Battle  of  Chippeway. 
He  died  Feb.  27,  1853,  in  Bangor,  Maine. 

Treat,  Mrs.  Mary  Lua  Adelia,  naturalist, 
author,  was  born  in  September,  1835,  in 
Tompkins  county,  N.Y.  She  is  a  naturalist 
of  Vineland,  N.J.  She  is  the  author  of  Chap- 
ters on  Ants;  Injurious  Insects  of  the 
Farm  and  Garden;  Home  Studies  in  Na- 
ture;  and  My  Garden  Pets. 

Treat,  Robert,  colonial  governor,  was  born 
in  1622  in  England.  In  1676  he  was  elected 
deputy  governor  of  Connecticut;  and  in 
1683-98  governor.  He  died  July  12,  1710, 
in   ^filford.   Conn. 

Treat,  Samuel,  educator,  lawyer,  jurist, 
journalist,  was  born  Dec.  17,  1815,  in 
Portsmouth,  N.H.  He  became  assistant  edi- 
tor of  the  Missouri  Reporter  of  St.  Louis, 
I\Io.;  and  subsequently  editor-in-chief  of 
the  St.  Louis  Union,  practicing  law  in  addi- 
tion to  his  editorial  duties.  In  1849-57  he 
was  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of 
St.  Louis;  and  in  1857-87  was  United  States 
district  judge  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Missouri.  He  died  Sept.  1,  1902,  in  Roches- 
ter. N.Y. 

Treat,  Samuel  Hubbel,  lawyer,  jurist, 
autlior,  was  born  June  21.  1811  in  Plainfiold 
N.Y.  In  1855-87  he  was  United  States  dis- 
trict judge  for  the  southern  district  of 
Illinois.  He  compiled  with  notes,  Illinois 
T^aw  Statutes,  embracing  all  of  the  general 
laws  in  force,  in  two  volumes.  He  died 
IMarcli  27.  1887.  in  Springfield,  111. 

Tredway,  William  M.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Virginia.  In  1845-47  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Virginia  to  the  twenty- 
ninth  congress.   He  died  in  Danville,  Va. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


189 


Tredwell,  Daniel  M.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  July  26,  1826,  in  Hempstead,  N.Y. 
In  1852-94  he  was  connected  with  the  of- 
fice of  clerk  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
York;  and  is  now  manager  of  the  United 
States  title  guaranty  and  indemnity  com- 
pany of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author 
oi  Literature  of  the  Civil  War;  Sketch  of 
tlie  Life  of  Apollonius  of  Tyana;  Lace  as 
a  Fine  Art;  Nomads  of  the  Sea;  and  Rem- 
inisoonces  of  Long  Island. 

Tree,  Lambert,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  legis- 
lator, diplomat,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1832,  in 
Washington,  D.C.  In  1855  he  moved  to 
Chicago  and  practiced  law.  In  1864  he  was 
elected  president  of  the  Chicago  law  insti- 
tute. In  1870-85  he  was  one  of  the  circuit 
judges  at  Chicago.  In  1885  he  was  appoint- 
ed United  States  minister  to  Belgium;  and 
in  1888  to  Russia.  In  1893  he  was  president 
of  the  Illinois  historical  society.  He  has 
presented  bronze  statues  of  La  Salle  and 
a  Sioux  warrior  on  horseback  to  the  city 
of  Chicago,  111. 

Trego,  William  Henry,  expressman,  was 
born  Fob.  18.  1837,  in  Middleburg,  Md.  In 
1856  he  became  the  superintendent  of  the 
Adams  express  company  at  Baltimore;  and 
during  the  civil  war  had  charge  of  the  trans- 
portation of  express  matter  for  troops  in 
the  southern  states.  In  1877  he  projected 
and  organized  the  first  trunk  railway  ex- 
press in  the  United  States;  and  in  1887  or- 
ganized the  railway  express  over  the  Erie 
system.    He   died   about   1900. 

Treloar,  William  M.,  educator,  composer, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  21,  1850,  near 
Linden,  Wis.    In   1872  he  moved  to  Hunts- 

ville,  and  in  1875 
1  to  Mexico,  Mo.; 
and  has  always 
been  actively  en- 
gaged in  education- 
al work.  In  1895-97 
he  was.  a  representa- 
>J|L  w  i  tive  from  Missouri  to 

jMIHyHHH  the    fifty-fourth    con- 

•^^^^^^^  gress.     He    has    com- 

A^(^^ .^^^       posed    and    published 
^^^^^^^^^^^^  hundred        piano 

HmiHHBii^lll     pieces      and 

booklets.  The  most 
iKitahle  of  his  eomjiositions  are  The 
Sleijjli  Kid"  (JiHop;  Tiie  Tani1)ourine  March; 
and   'I'hc  Raih-oa<l  Oalop. 

Tremain,  Henry  Edwin,  soldier,  lawyer, 
autlior,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1841,  in  New 
York  City.  He  is  a  lawyer  of  New  York 
City.  He  was  an  oflicer  in  the  federal  army 
during  the  civil  war.  He  is  the  author  of 
Sailor's  Creek  to  Appomattox  Court  House, 
or  Tlie  Last  Hours  of  Sheridan's  Cavalry; 
Two   Days  of  War;    and  Unmasked. 

Tremain,  Lyman,  lawyer,  jurist,  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  June  14,  1819, 
in  Durham,  N.Y.  He  was  elected  county 
judge  and  surrogate  in  1846;  and  was  elect- 
ed attorney  general  of  the  state  of  New 
York  in  1858.    In  1866  he  was  a  member  of 


the  assembly  from  the  city  of  Albany,  and 
was  speaker  in  1868.  In  1873-75  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  forty-third  congress 
as  a  republican.  He  died  Nov.  30,  1878,  in 
2\ew   York  City. 

Trenchard,  Edward,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Aug.  17,  1850,  in  Philadelphia,  Ra. 
His  paintings  include  The  Passing  Shower; 
The  Old  Wreck;  and  Sea,  Sand  and  Soli- 
tude; The  Breaking  Waves  Dashed  High; 
A  Tropic  Beach;  and  The  Surf. 

Trenchard,  Stephen  Decatur,  naval  officer, 
was  born  July  10,  1818,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
In  1834  he  became  a  midshipman  in  the 
United  States  navy;  and  a  commodore  in 
1871. 

Trenholm,  George  A.,  merchant,  was  born 
in  1806  in  South  Carolina.  Prior  to  the  civil 
war  iiis  firm  transacted  a  large  business  in 
cotton,  and  enjoyed  almost  unlimited  cred- 
it abroad.  He  was  a  strong  adherent  of  the 
confederacy;  and  was  secretary  of  the  con- 
federate treasury  in  1864-66.  Ho  died  Dec. 
10,  1876.  in  Cliaileston,  S.C. 

Trenholm,  William  Lee,  soldier,  merchant, 
bunker,  autlior,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1836,  in 
Charleston,  S.C.  He  served  in  the  confed- 
erate army  throughout  the  civil  war;  and 
in  1865  resumed  business  in  Charleston.  In 
1885  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  commis- 
sioners of  the  civil  service  of  the  United 
States;  and  in  1886  was  appointed  comp- 
troller of  the  currency  in  the  department 
of  the  treasury.  In  1889-98  he  was  president 
A-iierican  surety  company  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  People's  Money. 
He'died  Jan.  11,  1901,  in  New  York  City.' 

Trent,  William,  legislator,  jurist,  found- 
er, was  born  in  1655  in  Inverness,  N.J.  He 
was  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1703-21  he  was  a  member  of 
the  provincial  council;  and  in  1710,  1715  and 
1719  was  a  member  of  the  assembly;  serv- 
ing as  speaker  in  1717-28.  He  founded  the 
city  of  Trento-i,  N.J.,  in  1721.  He  was  a 
member  of  i.ie  New  Jersey  assembly;  and 
in  1.823  was  speaker  of  that  body.  He  was 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
Jersey.  He  died  Dec.  25,  1724,  in  Trenton. 
N.J. 

Trent,  William  Leftridge,  lawyer,  govern- 
ment odicial,  horticulturist,  was  born  Jan. 
21,  1855,  in  Shady  Grove,  Va.  In  1888-9J 
he  wns  master  of  the  cnancery  court.  In 
1898  he  was  appointed  postmaster  of  Knox- 
ville.  Tenn.  He  owns  the  most  extensive 
[leiieh    orchnrd    in    e;isteni    Tennessee. 

Trent,  William  Peterfield,  educator,  au- 
tlior, WHS  born  Nov.  10,  1862.  in  L'icli- 
mond.  \■^.  In  1SS8  he  became  profes- 
sor of  English  and  history  at  the  uni- 
versity of  the  South  at  SoAvanee.  Tenn; 
and  in  1894  became  also  dean  of  the  aca- 
demic department.  Since  1900  he  has  been 
professor  of  English  at  Columbia  univer- 
sity. He  is  the  author  of  English  Culture 
in  Virginia:  Life  of  William  Cilmore 
Simnis;  .Trthn  ^lilton;  and  Southern  States- 
men  of  the  Old  Regime. 


490 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Trescot,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  10,  1822,  in  Charleston,  S. 
C.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1862-68.  He  was  the  author  of 
Diplomacy  of  the  Revolution;  and  Diplo- 
matic History  of  the  Administrations  of 
Washington  and  Adams.  He  died  May  4, 
1808.   in    Pendleton,   S.C. 

Tressler,  David  Ley,  soldier,  lawyer,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  was  born  Feb. 
5,  1839,  in  Loysville,  Pa.  In  1872  he  be-  " 
came  professor  of  ancient  languages  in 
Carthage  college.  111.;  and  its  treasurer.  In 
1873-80  he  was  president  of  the  college. 
He  died  Feb.  20.  1880,  in  Carthage,  111. 

Tressler,  Victor  George  Augustine,  edu- 
cator, clergvman,  lecturer,  author,  was  born 
April  10,  1866,  in  Somerfield,  Pa.  He  Avas 
educated  at  the  Pennsylvania  state  college; 
in  1881-88  studied  law  in  Chicago,  111.;  in 
1888-91  attended  the  McCormick  theolog- 
ical seminary;  and  has  studied  at  the  uni- 
versities of  Leipzig,  Berlin  and  Paris.  In 
1891-98  he  was  pastor  of  the  Grace  Luth- 
eran church  of  San  Jose,  Cal. ;  in  1896-98 
was  lecturer  on  history  at  the  San  Jose 
academy;  and  in  1896-97  was  president  of 
the  Lutheran  synod  of  California.  In  1897- 
1901  he  visited  Europe  and  foreign  countries 
for  sociological  study.  Since  1905  he  has 
been  professor  of  the  new  testament  pliilol- 
ogy  and  criticism  at  the  Wittenberg  divini- 
ty" school  of  Springfield.  Ohio.  He  is  the 
aiitlior  of  The  Political  Reformation  Under 
Flizabeth. 

Treutlen,  John  Adam,  colonial  governor. 
In  1777-78  lie  was  colonial  governor  of  Geor- 
gia.   He  died  in  Orangeburg,  S.C. 

Trevett,  John,  naval  officer,  was  born  in 
1747.  He  was  active  in  the  capture  of  New 
Providence.  He  died  in  November.  1823,  in 
Newport,    R.I. 

Trevett,  Russell,  clergj'man.  educator,  was 
born  Dec.  30,  1817,  in  Marblehead,  Mass. 
In  1844-55  he  was  professor  of  classics  and 
history  at  St.  James's  college,  Md.;  and  in 
18.>5-61  of  ancient  languages  at  St.  John's 
college  of  Annapolis,  Md.  In  1861-65  he  was 
rector  of  St.  James's  church.  North  Salem. 
N.Y.  He  died  ]\Iarch  8,  1865.  in  North  Sa- 
lem, N.Y. 

Trevett,  Samuel  Russell,  soldier,  was  born 
ill  1751  in  INlarblchead,  Mass.  He  served 
with  coolness  and  courage  at  the  battle  of 
Bunker  Hill,  wliere  he  commanded  a  com- 
pany of  artillery;  and  again  in  the  Rhode 
Island  expedition  in  1778.  In  1814-32  he 
commanded  a  United  States  revenue  cutter 
at  Boston.  He  died  Jan.  19,  1832,  in  Mar- 
blehead, IMass. 

irevett,  Samuel  Russell,  surgeon,  was 
born  Aug.  20.  1783,  in  Marblehead.  Mass. 
After  the  revolutionary  war  he  was  ap- 
pointed surgeon  of  the  navy  yard  at  Charles- 
ton;  and  in  1822  he  was  detailed  as  sur- 
geon on  board  the  sloop-of-war  Peacock. 
For  some  time  previous  to  his  death  he  had 
been   engaged   in    collecting  materials   for   a 


biography  of  American  physicians.   He  died 
Nov.  4,  1822,  in  Norfolk,  Va. 

Trezvant,  James,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Sussex  county, 
Va.  He  was  attorney  for  the  state  of  Vir- 
ginia; was  a  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture ;  and  of  tiie  constitutional  convention 
of  1830.  In  1825-31  he  was  a  representative 
from  Virginia  to  the  nineteenth,  twentieth 
and  twenty-first  congresses.  He  died  Sept. 
2,   1841.  in   Southampton  county,  Va. 

Tribble,  Henry  Wise,  clergyman,  educator, 
college  president,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1860, 
in  Hanover  county,  Va.  He  was  educated 
at  tlie  Green  Springs  academy,  at  Rich- 
mond college,  and  at  the  Southern  baptist 
theological  seminary.  He  has  been  pastor 
of  the  First  baptist  church  of  Jackson, 
Tenn.;  and  pastor  of  the  First  baptist 
cliurch  of  Charlottesville,  Va.  He  has  been 
trustee  of  the  Southwestern  baptist  uni- 
versity: and  is  now  trustee  of  the  South- 
ern baptist  theological  seminary.  He  is 
president  of  Rawlings  institute  of  Char- 
lottesville, Va.;  and  pastor  of  the  Hign 
street  baptist  church  of  tnat  city. 

Tribble,  Samuel  J.,  congressman,  was 
born  about  1869,  and  was  reared  in  Frank- 
lin county,  Ga.  In  1911-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third   congresses. 

Trickett,  William,  educator,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  9.  1840,  in  England. 
In  1868  he  graduated  from  Dickinson  col- 
lege, and  has  receiv- 
ed the  honorary  de- 
grees of  LL.D.  and  A. 
M.  Since  1890  he  has 
been  dean  of  Dickin- 
son school  of  law  of 
Carlisle,  Pa.  He  is  the 
author  of  Law  of 
Liens  in  Pennsylvan- 
ia, in  three  volumes; 
Law  of  Assignments 
in  Pennsylvania ;  Law 
of  Limitations  in 
Pennsylvania;  Law 
in  Pennsylvania;  Law  of 
Streets  and  Roads  in  Pennsylvania;  Law 
of  Guardians  in  Pennsylvania;  Law  of  Par- 
tition in  Pennsylvania;  Law  of  Witnesses 
in  Pennsylvania;  Law  of  Landlord  and  Ten- 
ant; and  Law  of  Crimes  in  Pennsylvania. 
Triebel,  Frederick  Ernst,  designer,  sculp- 
tor, was  born  Dec.  29,  1865,  in  Peoria,  111. 
Since  1888  he  has  been  professionally  en- 
gaged as  a  sculptor;  and  has  received  sev- 
eral prizes.  He  designed  the  statue  Mys- 
terious IMusic  exhibited  in  the  World's  Co- 
Imiibian  exposition. 

Trieber,  Jacob,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Oct.  6.  1853,  in  Gerniany.  In  1883  he  be- 
came judge  of  the  Ignited  States  supreme 
court;'  in  1897-1900  was  United  States  at- 
tiuney  for  the  eastern  district  of  Arkan- 
sas; and  since  1900  has  been  United  States 
judge  for  the  eastern  district  of  Arkansas. 


of     Boroughs 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


491 


Trigg,  Abram,  congressman.  In  1797-1807 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virf^inia  to 
the  fifth,  sixtli,  seventh,  eighth  and  ninth 
congresses.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

Trigg,  Connally  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  \irginia.  In  1862  he  was  appointed 
I'nited  States  district  judge  for  the  eastern 
district  of  Tennessee.  He  died  in  1907  in 
Tennessee. 

Trigg,  Connally  F.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  boni  Sept.  IS,  1847,  in  Abingdon,  Va. 
In  1872-84  he  was  commonwealth  attorney 
for  Washington  county.  In  1885-87  he  was 
a  representative  from  \'irginia  to  the  forty- 
nintii   congress   as   a   democrat. 

Trigg^  John,  congressman.  In  1797-1804 
he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  fifth,  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth  con- 
gresses.   He  died  ;May  17,  1804,  in  Virginia. 

Triggs,  Oscar  Lovell,  educator,  lecturer, 
autlior,  was  born  Oct.  2,  1865,  in  Green- 
wood, 111.  In  1892-1904  he  was  a  teacher 
in  the  English  department  of  the  university 
of  Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of  Browning 
and  Wliitman,  a  Study  in  Democracy; 
Chapters  in  the  History  of  the  Arts  and 
Craft  Movement;  and  The  Changing  Order. 

Trilley,    Joseph,    naval    officer,    was    born 


Sept. 


•>.-. 


1838,  in  Ireland.    He  became  rear- 


admiral  in  the  United  States  navy;  and 
was  subsequently  retired. 

Trimble,  Allen,  soldier,  state  senator,  gov- 
ernor. United  States  senator,  was  born  Nov. 
24.  1783,  in  Augusta  county,  Va.  In  1809- 
16  he  was  clerk  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas:  was  clerk  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Higliland  county:  and  was  county  record- 
er. In  1812-13  ne  saw  brief  periods  of  mili- 
tary service.  In  1816  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Ohio  house  of  representatives:  in  1816- 
21  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate;  and 
in  1819-21  was  speaker  of  the  house.  In 
1821  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  senate  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  his  brother,  William  A. 
TrimJ)le.  In  1821-22  he  was  acting  govern- 
or of  Ohio:  and  in  1826-30  was  governor 
of  that  state.  In  1846-48  he  was  president 
of  the  first  state  board  of  agriculture.  He 
died    F\'b.  2.   1870.  in   Ilillsboro,  Ohio. 

Irimble,  Carey  A.,  agriculturist,  educator, 
congressman,  was  born  Sei)t.  13,  1813.  in 
Hillsborough,  Ohio.  In  1837-41  he  was  dem- 
onstrator of  anatomy  in  his  Alma  Mater. 
lie  tlien  settled  in  Ciiillicothe,  Ohio:  and  in 
1859-63  he  »»as  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  thirty-sixth  and  thirty-seventh  con- 
gresses.   He  died   in  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 

Trimble,  David,  agriculturist,  manufactur- 
er, congressman,  was  born  in  June,  1782,  in 
Frederick  county.  Va.  He  was  engaged  in 
the  war  of  1812;  and  served  two  campaigns 
under  (Jeneral  Harrison.  In  1817-27  he  was 
a  representative  from  Kentucky  ff)  thr-  fif- 
teenth, sixteenth,  seventeenth,  eigiiteenth 
and  nint'teenth  congresses.  He  died  Oct. 
26.   1842.   at   Trimble's   Furnace,  Ky. 

Trimble,  Henry,  Ixitanist,  chemist,  author, 
was   born    in    1898   in    Philadelphia,   Pa.    He 


was  a  botanist  and  chemist  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Taunius;  and 
Handbook  of  Analytical  Chemistry.  He 
died  in   1898  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Trimble,  Isaac  Ridgeway,  soldier,  was 
born  May  15,  1802,  in  Culpeper  county,  Va. 
In  LS22  he  graduated  from  the  United 
States  military  academy.  In  1860  he  was 
appointed  major-general.  He  died  Jan.  2, 
1888.  in   P>altiniore,  Md. 

Trimble,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born  in 
1783  in  Clark  county,  Ky.  He  became  a 
circuit  judge  of  Kentucky;  and  afterward 
a  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals.  He  died 
June   17.   1852.  in  Harrison  county,  Ky. 

Trimble,  John,  lawyer,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  7,-  1812,  in  Roane 
county,  Tenn.  In  1836-41  he  was  attorney 
general  of  the  state  for  the  Nashville  dis- 
trict. He  was  a  member  of  the  state 
assemblv  in  1843-45;  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1845-47  and  1859-61.  In  1862-64  he 
was  district  attorney  of  the  United  States 
for  middle  Tennessee.  He  was  again  in  the 
state  senate  in  1865-67.  In  1867-69  he  was 
a  representative  from  Tennessee  to  the  for- 
tieth congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in 
Xashville'.    Tenn. 

Trimble,  Lawrence  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  rail- 
road president,  congressman,  was  born  Aug. 
26.  1825.  in  Fleming,  Ky.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Kentucky  legislature  in  1851-52; 
and  was  judge  of  the  equity  and  criminal 
court  for  the  state;  and  in  1816  was  ap- 
60.  In  1860-65  he  was  president  of  the  New 
Orleans  and  Ohio  railroad  company.  In 
1865-71  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  thirty-ninth,  fortieth  and  for- 
ty-first congresses.    He  died  in  Paducah,Ky. 

Trimble,  Robert,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, was  born  in  1777  in  Berkeley  coun- 
ty, Va.  He  was  elected  to  the  Kentucky 
state  legislature:  and  in  1808  was  chosen 
judge  of  the  court  of  appeals.  In  1810  he 
was  made  chief  justice  of  the  state;  in  1813 
became  district  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  for  tlie  state;  and  in  1816  was  ap- 
pointed federal  judge  of  Kentucky.  In  1826- 
28  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  United  States.  He  died  Aug. 
25.    1S28    ill    Kentucky. 

Trimble,  South,  legislator,  congressman, 
was  born  April  13,  1864,  in  Hazelgreen.  Ky. 
He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools 
r ^     of      Frankfort.      Ky.; 

rand    at   the    Excelsior 
institute      near     that 
I  city.    He  was  a  farmer 

b  y  occupation.  I  n 
1897  he  became  a 
member  of  the  Ken- 
tucky house  of  repre- 
sentatives;   and    was 

A*. 


the 


speaker  of  that  bodv 
in  1899-1900.  presid- 
ing   during    the    Goe- 

„  ,  ^ bel-Tavlor  gubernato- 

s:i_-  -:>n-.     y^^\    contcst.     He    led 
legislature   through   the  streets   chased 


■BL. 


492 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


by  militia.  In  1901-07  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Kentucky  to  the  fifty-seventh, 
fifty-eighth  and  fifty-ninth  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Trimble,  Thomas  Clark,  Jr.,  lawyer,  cap- 
italist, Avas  born  in  1879  in  Lonoke,  Ark. 
He  was  educated  at  the  university  of  Ar- 
kansas; and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
with  his  father  under  the  firm  name  of 
Trimble  and  Trimble.  He  was  a  delegate 
to  the  democratic  national  convention  of 
1904;  and  for  six  years  was  chairman  of 
the  sixth  congressional  committee.  For  four 
years  he  was  lieutenant-colonel  on  the  gov- 
ernor's stafi'. 

Trimble,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  He  was  an  early  emi- 
grant to  the  territory  of  Arkansas,  where 
he  was  appointed  United  States  judge  for 
that  territory,  remaining  in  office  until  1832. 
Ho  died  in  Arkansas. 

Trimble,  William  A.,  soldier,  lawyer. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  April  4, 
1786,  in  Woodford,  Ky.  He  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Ohio  first  infantry  in  1814- 
19.  In  1819-21  ho  was  United  States  sen- 
ator from  Ohio.  He  was  commissioner  with 
General  Cass  to  treat  with  the  northwestern 
Indians  at  Green  Bay.  He  died  Dec.  13,  1821, 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Trine,  Ralph  Waldo,  philanthropist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  9,  1866,  in  Mt.  Morris, 
111.  He  is  a  director  in  the  Massachusetts 
society  for  the  prevention  of  cruelty  to  ani- 
mals. He  is  the  author  of  The  Life  Books; 
In  Tune  with  the  Infinite;  and  tlie  Greatest 
Thing  Ever  Known;  Every  Living  Creature; 
Character-Building  Thought  Power;  In  the 
Fire  of  the  Heart;  and  This  Mystical  Life 
ot  Ours. 

Tripler,  Charles  E.,  physicist,  inventor, 
was  born  in  1849  in  New  York  City.  His 
greatest  achievement  is  the  manufacture  of 
liquid  air,  which  lio  has  experimentally  ap- 
plied to  the  operation  of  an  engine  with 
remarkable  results. 

Tripler,  Charles  Stuart,  soldier,  army  sur- 
geon, was  born  in  New  York.  In  1830  he 
was  assistant  surgeon;  and  in  1838  he  was 
major-surgeon.  In  1865  he  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  Oct.  20, 
1866. 

Triplett,  Philip,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1839-43  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Kentucky  to  the  twenty-sixth  and 
twenty-seventh  congresses.  He  died  in  Ken- 
tucky. 

Tripp,  Bartlett,  lawyer,  jurist,  diplomat, 
was  born  July  15,  1842,  in  Harmony,  Maine. 
In  1869  he  moved  to  Yankton,  S.D.;  and 
in  1883  was  a  delegate  to  the  first  constitu- 
tional convention  of  the  territory,  and  was 
elected  president  of  that  bod> .  In  1883  he 
was  elected  president  of  the  Territorial 
associntion:  and  in  1891  was  elected  first 
president  of  the  state  bar  association.  In 
188r)-89  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supremo 
court  of  Dakota  territory;  ITnited  States 
minister  to  Austria  in  1893-97;  and  Samoan 


commissioner  since  1897.  He  is  now  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  and  lectures  in  the 
university  of  South  Dakota. 

Tripp,  Guy  Eastman,  director,  chairman, 
was  "born  April  22,  1865,  in  Wells,  Maine. 
He  was  educated  at  the  South  Berwick 
academy.  He  is  a  director  of  the  New 
York  railways  company,  the  American  Sure- 
ty company,  the  United  States  mortgage  and 
trust  company  and  other  corporations.  He 
is  chairman  of  the  board  of  the  Westing- 
house  electric  and  manufacturing  company. 

Tripp,  Howard  Carleton,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, author,  poet,  was  born  April  4,  1861, 
in  Piano,  111.  He  is  editor  and  owrier  of 
The  Times  of  Kingsley,  Iowa.  He  is  the 
author  of  Legends  of  Lemars;  Ballad  Blos- 
soms; and  Around  the  Fireside  and  Other 
Poems. 

Tripp,  Robert  P.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Georgia.  In  1855-59  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Georgia  to  the  thirty-fourth  and 
thirty-fifth  congresses.  He  was  subsequent- 
ly judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Alabama. 
He  died  July  22,  1900,  in  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Trippe,  John,  naval  officer.  He  distin- 
guislu'd  himself  subsequently  during  the 
Tripolitan  war;  and  received  a  vote  of 
thanks  and  a  sword  from  congress.  He  was 
promoted  to  lieutenant  in  1807;  and  in  1809 
was  lieutenant-commandant  in  command 
of  the  schooner  Enterprise,  on  which  he 
died.   He  died  July  9.  1810,  at  sea  near  Cuba. 

Trippe,  Robert  P.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Georgia.  He  began  the  practice 
of  law  in  Forsyth,  Ga.  In  1855-59  he  was 
a  representative  from  Georgia  to  the  thirty- 
fourth  and  thirty-fifth  congresses  as  a 
democrat.    He  died  in  1900  in  Georgia. 

Trist,  Nicholas  Philip,  lawyer,  educator, 
diplomat,  was  born  June  2,  1800,  in  Char- 
lottesville, Va.  He  was  first  clerk  in  the 
United  States  treasury  department  in  1828; 
private  secretary  to  President  Jackson  in 
1829;  and  United  States  consul  at  Havana 
in  1834-36.  He  became  assistant  secretary 
of  state  in  1845;  and  in  1848  was  sent  as 
peace  commissioner  to  Mexico,  where  he 
negotiated  and  signed  the  treaty  of  Giurda- 
lupe  Hidalgo.  In  1870  he  Avas  appointed 
postmaster  at  Alexandria,  Va.  He  trans- 
lated a  treatise  on  Milch  Cows  from  the 
French  of  M.  F.  Guenon.  He  died  Feb.  11, 
1874,  in   Alexandria,  Va. 

Tritle,  Frederick  A.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
governor,  was  born  Aug.  7,  1833,  in  Franklin 
ccmnty.  Pa.  In  1859  he  emigrated  to  the 
Pacific  coast;  and  in  1860  settled  at  Carson 
City,  Nev.  In  1863  ho  moved  to  Virginia 
City.  Nov.,  and  became  president  of  the 
Belcher  mining  company,  which  position 
lie  filled  until  1868.  In  1866-80  he  was 
state  senator.  In  1881  he  removed  to  Ari- 
zona; and  in  1882-85  was  governor  of  the 
territory   of   Arizona. 

Trobec,  James,  clergyman,  missionary, 
bishoji,  was  born  July  10,  1838,  in  Austria, 
lie  received  a  classical  education  in  Lai- 
bach,  Austria;    and   studied  philosopliy  and 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


4V)i 


theology  at  St.  Vincent's  college  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1805  he  was  ordained  a  priest 
at  St.  Paul,  Minn.;  in  1805-blJ  was  pastor 
at  Belle  Prairie,  Minn.;  and  in  1806-87  was 
pastor  at  Wabasha,  Minn.  He  then  or- 
ganized a  parish  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.;  and  in 
1887-1)7  was  its  pastor.  Since  18U7  he  has 
been  Roman  catholic  bishop  of  St.  Cloud, 
Minn. 

Troeger,  John  Winthrop,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  2U,  1841),  in  Oswego,  111. 
Since  1809  he  has  taught  school;  and  since 
1893  has  been  principal  of  the  Irving  gram- 
mar school  of  Chicago,  111.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Troeger's  Science  Book;  Hand  Book 
to  Geography;  Key  to  New  Model  Arith- 
metic; and  Harold's  Series  of  Nature  Study 
Readers. 

Troost,  Gerard,  educator,  mineralogist, 
was  born  March  15,  1776,  in  Holland.  He 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Academy  of 
Natural  History  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  and 
its  first  president  in  1812-17.  In  1827-50  he 
was  professor  of  chemistry,  mineralogy  and 
geology  in  the  university  of  Nashville.  He 
died  Aug.  14,  1850,  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Trott,  Nicholas,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  in  1603  in  England.  He  was  a 
ju<lge  of  Charleston;  and  very  eminent  in 
the  Carolinas  in  his  day.  He  was  the  au- 
,thor  of  Laws  of  South  Carolina;  Clavis 
LingusB  Sanctae;  and  Laws  Relating  to  the 
Churcii  and  Clergy  in  America.  He  died  in 
1740   in   Charleston,   S.C. 

Trotter,  Frederick  Eugene,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1801  he  was  captain 
in  the  one  hundred  and  second  regiment 
New  York  infantry;  and  in  1805  he  was 
brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.    He  died  June  28,  1892. 

Trotter,  George,  soldier,  was  born  in  1779 
in  X'irginia.  He  became  lieutenant-colonel 
of  Kentucky  volunteers  in  1813;  and  led  a 
brigade  from  his  state  with  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general, at  the  battle  of  the  Thames 
in  1813.  He  died  Oct.  13,  1815,  in  Lexing- 
ton, Ky. 

Trotter,  James  Fisher,  educator,  lawyer, 
jurist,  United  States  senator,  was  born 
Nov.  5,  1802,  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.  In 
1823  he  settled  in  Hamilton,  ^Monroe  coun- 
ty. Miss.;  and  soon  established  a  reputa- 
tion as  a  constitutional  lawyer.  After  serv- 
ing several  terms  in  the  legislature,  in  1837 
lu'  was  chosen  a  judge  of  tlie  circuit  court 
of  liis  district;  and  in  1837-39  lie  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator.  After  serving  from  Feb- 
luary  to  December  of  that  year,  he  resigned 
to  accept  a  seat  in  the  court  of  appeals  of 
^Mississippi,  which  he  held  until  1840.  He 
then  resumed  his  profession,  and  was  vice- 
eliancellor  of  the  northern  district  of  the 
state  in  1855-57;  and  professor  of  law  in 
the  university  of  Mississippi  in  lSfiO-62. 
He  died  March  9,  ISGO,  in  Holly  Springs, 
Miss. 

Trotter,  Newbold  Hough,  artist,  was  born 
Jan.  4,  1827.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  de- 
voted  himself   principally   to   painting  pic- 


tures of  animal  life.  His  more  important 
works  of  this  class  include  They  Knew  not 
tlie  Voice  of  Strangers;  They  Only  Knew 
the  \'oice  of  Strangers;  The  Range  of  the 
Bison;  After  the  Combat;  Grizzly  Bears; 
The  Last  Stand;  El-Mahdi;  and  In  the 
Soudan.  He  died  Feb.  21,  1898,  in  Atlantic 
City,  N.J. 

Trotter,  Spencer,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  8,  1860,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  prftfessor  of  biology  and  geology  at 
Swarthmore  college.  He  is  the  author  of 
Lessons  in  the  New  Geography;  and  The 
Geography  of  Commerce. 

Trotti,  S.  W.,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Barnwell,  S.C.  In  1842-43  he  was  repre- 
sentative from  South  Carolina  to  the  twen- 
ty-seventh congress  to  fill  a  vacancy. 

Troubat,  Francis  Joseph,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  1802  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
was  a  lawyer  of  Philadelphia.  He  was  the 
author  of  Practice  in  Civil  Actions  in  Penn- 
sylvania Supreme  Court;  The  Law  of  Lim- 
ited Partnership  in  the  United  States; 
and  Treatise  on  the  Law  of  Partnersliips. 
He  died  Oct.  8,  1868,  in  Paris,  France. 

Troubetzkoy,  Amelia  Rives,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  23,  1863,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.  She  is  the  wife  of  Prince  Pierre 
Troubetzkoy  of  Russia.  Her  first  work  was 
a  story  in  the  Atlantic  Monthly,  which  has 
since  appeared  with  others  in  book-form 
under  the  title  of  A  Brother  to  Dragons, 
and  Other  Old-Time  Tales.  Her  subsequent 
work  includes  stories  and  poems,  and  a 
novel  entitled  The  Quick  or  the  Dead;  Vir- 
jiinia  to  Virginia;  Herod  and  Mariamme, 
Witness  to  the  Sun;  According  to  St.  John; 
Barbara  Dering;  Athelwood;  Tanish ;  and 
Augustine  the  ^lan. 

Troup,  George  Mcintosh,  lawyer,  congress- 
man United  States  senator,  governor,  was 
born  Sept.  8,  1780,  on  the  Tombigbee  river, 

Ga.  In  1800  he  was 
elected  to  the  legisla- 
ture of  Georgia;  and 
was  three  times  re- 
elected. In  1807-15 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Georgia  to 
.    ^^B^  ^^^         the     tenth,     eleventh, 

i  '^ftit  *^^^m  jJ  twelfth  and  thir- 
teenth congresses ; 
^:^^^>^^^^H  and  in  1815-19  and 
i^^^^fci^^^^  1829-33  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator.  In 
1823-27  he  was  the 
fourteentli  governor  of  Georgia.  He  died 
May   3,    1850,   in   Laurens   county,  Ga. 

Troup,  Robert,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  author,  was  born  in  1757, 
in  New  York  City.  He  was  appointed  by 
congress  in  1778  secretary  of  the  board  of 
war.  After  the  close  of  the  revolutionary 
wai'  he  became  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  emirt  for  the  district  of  New  York, 
and  held  that  ollice  many  years.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature.  He  was 
the  author  of  Vindication  of  the  Claim  of 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Elkanah  Watson;  and  Remarks  on  Trinity 
CImrch  Bill.  He  died  Jan.  14,  1832,  in  New 
York   City. 

Trousdale,  William,  soldier,  diplomat,,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  1790,  in  Sumner  coun- 
ty, Tenn.  He  was  made  brevet  brigadier- 
general  in  1848,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  at  Chapultepec,  where  he  was  se- 
verely wounded.  He  was  the  twelfth  gov- 
ernor of  Tennessee  in  1849-51.  He  was.  min- 
ister plenipotentiary  to  Brazil  in  1853.  He 
died  in  March,  1872,  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Trout,  Michael  C,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Sliaron,  Pa.  In  1853-55  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  thirty- 
tliird  congress.  He  died  in  Pennsylvania. 
Trow,  John  Fowler,  printer,  was  born  Jan. 
29,  1810,  in  Andover,  Mass.  He  was  one  of 
the  first  to  introduce  electrotyping  into  the 
printing  business;  and  adopted  many  in- 
ventions to  facilitate  typesetting  and  the 
manufacture  of  books.  In  1855  he  published 
a  specimen-book  of  the  typographic  art, 
for  which  the  university  of  New  York  con- 
ferred on  liim  the  title  of  university  printer. 
He  died  Aug.  8,  1886,  in  Orange,  N.J. 

Trowbridge,  Alvah,  banker,  financier,  was 
born  in  1835,  in  Putnam  county,  N.Y.  He 
began  banking  in  1853;  in  1899-1900  was 
president  of  the  Nortli  American  trust 
company;  and  was  president  of  the  college 
national  bank  of  New  York  until  its  con- 
solidation with  the  Citizen's  national  bank. 
He  died  in   1907,  in  Hackensack,  N.J. 

Trowbridge,  Catherine  Maria,  author,  was 
born  in  1818,  in  Connecticut.  She  is  a 
writer  of  South  Manchester,  Conn.;  and  has 
made  many  contributions  to  juvenile  litera- 
ture. She  is  the  author  of  Christian  Hero- 
ism; Victory  at  Last;  Will  and  Will  Not; 
Snares  and  Safeguards;  and  Changing 
Paths. 

Trowbridge,  Charles  Christopher,  banker, 
lailroad  president  was  born  Dec.  29,  1800, 
in  Albany,  N.Y.  In  1837  he  was  a  candidate 
for  governor  of  Michigan.  In  1839-42  he 
was  regent  of  the  university  of  Micliigan. 
In  1843-53  he  was  president  of  the  Michi- 
gan state  bank;  and  in  1803-75  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Detroit  and  Milwaukee  railroad 
company.  He  died  April  3,  1883,  in  Detroit, 
Midi. 

Trowbridge,  Edmund,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1709,  in  Newton,  Mass.  He  became 
attorney-general  of  Massachusetts  in  1749; 
and  was  elevated  to  the  supreme  bench 
of  ]\Iassacluisetts  the  next  year.  He  died 
April  2,  1792.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Trowbridge,  John,  physicist,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  5,  1843,  in  Boston.  Mass. 
He  was  professor  at  Harvard  university  in 
1880-88;  and  Eumford  ])rofessor  of  the  ap- 
plication of  science  to  the  useful  arts  there 
since  1888.  He  is  the  author  of  What  Is 
Electricity?  The  New  Physics;  Three  Boys 
on  an  Electrical  Boat;  The  Electrical  Boy; 
and  Phelps'  Experiments,  or  Physical  Sci- 
ence at  Home. 


His    novel, 


Neighbor 


The    Prize 
Tide-Mill 


Trowbridge,  John  Townsend,  author,  poet, 
was    born    Sept.    18,    1827,    in    Ogden,    N.Y. 

Jackwood,  when  first 
issued  in  1857,  was  a 
strong  moral  agent  in 
stimulating  anti-slav- 
ery sentiment.  He 
was  the  author  of 
Coupon  Bonds,  and 
Other  Stories;  Far- 
iifU's  Folly;  Neigh- 
1)1  irs'  Wives;  Martin 
.Merrivale.  Among 
his  very  many  juve- 
nile tales  are  Cudjo's 
Cave;  Three  Scouts; 
The  Drummer  Boy ; 
Cup;  Two  Biddicut  Boys;  The 
Stories;  The  Toby  Trafford 
Series;  The  Start  in  Life  Series;  The  Silver 
Medal  Stories;  Jack  Hazard  Series.  His 
luiblished  volumes  of  poetry  include.  The 
Vagabonds  and  Other  Poems;  The  Emi- 
grant's Storv,  and  Other  Poems;  A  Home 
Idyl,  and  Other  Poems;  The  Lost  Earl; 
My  Own  Story;  Poetical  Works;  and  The 
Book  of  Gold,  and  Other  Poems.  At  Sea 
i-nd  Midsummer  are  two  of  his  finest  poems. 
Trowbridge,  Mrs.  Mary  Elizabeth  Day, 
journalist,  was  born  in  Michigan,  the  daugli- 
ter   of   the   Rev.   G.   B.   and   Elizabeth   Day, 

who  settled  in  Sturgis 

Sin  1836.  She  pursued 
a  course  of  study  in 
Kalamazoo  college, 
and  studied  music  in 
New  York  City.  She 
taught  sciences  and 
music  until  her  mar- 
riage to  Rev.  L.  H. 
Trowbridge.  In  1869 
she  Avas  called  to  the 
chair  of  music  in  Kal- 
amazoo college,  which 
position  she  filled  for 
four  years,  resigning  to  devote  her  en- 
tire time  to  literary  work  in  connection 
with  tlie  Christian  Herald,  with  which  pub- 
lication she  has  been  engaged  on  the  edi- 
torial staft'  since  1870.  In  1872  she  became 
actively  identified  with  the  interest  of  the 
American  association  for  the  advancement 
of  science;  and  has  served  as  state  exain- 
iner  of  schools  of  higher  education.  She 
has  also  prepared  papers  for  public  meet- 
ings of  the  state  board  of  health,  and  is 
the  author  of  several  brochures  issued  by 
the  American  baptist  publication  society 
cf  Philadelphia,  notably  The  Way  of  Life; 
Pioneer  Days;  Vacation  Notes;  Do  This  in 
Remembrance  of  Me;  and  a  series  of  Euro- 
];eMll    letters. 

Trowbridge,  Rowland  E.,  agriculturist, 
.'^tate  senator,  congressman,  was  born  June 
18,  1821,  in  Elmira,  N.Y^.  He  was  a  mem- 
l)er  of  the  state  senate  of  Michigan  in 
185(i-t)().  In  1861-63  and  1865-00  he  was  a 
lepresentative  from  iMicliigan  to  the  thirty- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


4i)t> 


seventh,  tliirty-ninth  and  fortieth  congresses 
as  a  republican.  He  died  April  3,  1883, 
in  Detroit.  INIich. 

Trowbridge,  Vaughan,  illustrator,  artist, 
was  born  Dee.  3,  180!t,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  student  at  the  Art  student 
league;  and  took  up  art  studies  in  Paris. 
In  1000,  1906  and  litOl)  he  exihibited  in 
paintings  and  etchings  in  Paris  salons;  and 
in  ]!M)4  exhibited  in  etfliing  printed  in 
color  in  the  Louisiana  piux-liase  exposition. 
He  has  illustrated  Paris  and  the  Social 
Revolution,    by   Alvin    S.    Sanborn. 

Trowbridge,  William  Petit,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  scientist,  author,  was  born  May 
2;").  1828.  in  Oakland  county.  Mich.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general.  In  1877-92  he  was  an 
engineer  and  scientist  in  charge  of  the  en- 
gineering department  of  the  School  of  INIines, 
Columbia  college.  He  was  the  author  of 
Steam  Generator;  Heat  as  a  Source  of 
Power;  Turbine  Wheels;  and  Stationary 
Steam  Kngines.  He  died  Aug.  12,  1892,  in 
N<'w  Haven,  Conn. 

Troxell,  Millard  Francis,  clergyman,  col- 
lege  president,   was   born   Oct.   25,    18.)7,   in 


Cumberland,    Md. 


In  1880  he  graduated 
with  the  degree  of 
A.B.  from  Gettysburg 
college  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  subse- 
quently received  the 
degrees  of  A.M.  and 
D.D.  from  that  uni- 
versity of  learning. 
In  1882  he  entered 
the  ministry  of  the 
lutheran  church  and 
liiled  pastorates  i  n 
Eureka,  Kan..  Kan- 
sas Citv,  ^lo..  Spring- 
field, 111.,  and  St.  Joseph,  Mo.;  in  1888-89 
was  general  secretary  of  the  luth(>ran  board 
of  education;  and  in  1894-95  was  c]iai)];iin 
of  the  Illinois  state  senate.  Since  1904 
he  has  been  president  of  Midland  college 
of  Atchison,  Kan. 

Truax,  Charles  Henry,  merchant,  maiui- 
factiuer,  author,  was  born  Sept.  24,  1852, 
in  Milton,  Wis.  He  is  president  of  the 
Chicago  firm  of  Charles  Truax,  fJreene  and 
company,  manufacturers  and  dealers  in 
drugs  iind  physician's  sui)plies  and  mechan- 
ical appliances  to  surgery.  He  is  the  author 
of   .Mi'clijinics  f)f  Surgery. 

Truax,  Charles  Henry,  lawver,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  31,  184(i.  in  Durliamville,  N.Y. 
lie  was  elected  a  judge  of  tlie  superior 
court  of  New  York  for  the  term  of  four- 
teen years  expiring  in  1894;  and  since  1896 
has  been  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
New  York.  He  i)resented  one  tliousand 
vidurnes   to   Haiiiiltnii   cnllc^.'e. 

Trudeau,  Edward  Livingston,  physician, 
founder,  was  born  Oct.  5,  1848.  in  New  York 
City.  In  1872  he  began  the  practice  of 
medicine  in  New  York  City;  and  since 
1884   has  residecl   in   tlie  Adirondack  moun- 


tains. In  1884  he  founded  the  Saranac 
cottage  sanitarium;  and  in  1894  founded 
the  Saranac  laboratory  for  the  study  of 
tuberculosis. 

True,  Frederick  William,  curator,  zoolo- 
gist, author,  was  born  July  8,  1858,  in  Mid- 
dletown.  Conn.  In  1878  he  joined  the  gov- 
ernment service;  and 
was  custodian  of  col- 
lections of  the  United 
States  fish  commis- 
sion at  the  Berlin 
fisheries  exhibition  of 
1880.  He  was  the 
representative  of  the 
Smithsonian  institu- 
tion at  the  exposi- 
tions held  at  Nash- 
ville in  1897,  at  Oma- 
ha in  1898,  at  Buffalo 
in  1901,  at  St.  Louis 
in  1904  and  at  Portland  in  1905.  In  1881- 
82  he  was  curator  of  the  department  of 
mammals  in  the  united  States  national 
museum;  was  executive  curator  in  1892-99; 
and  since  1897  has  been  head  curator  of 
the  department  of  biology.  He  has  made 
a  special  study  of  whales.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Whalebone;  Whales  of  the  Western 
North  Atlantic;  A  Review  of  the  Family 
Delphinidae;  and  numerous  zoological  mono- 
graphs. 

True,  Charles  Kittridge,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Aug.  14,  1800.  in  Port- 
land, Maine.  He  was  a  professor  at  Wesleyan 
university  in  1849-60.  He  was  the  author 
of  Elements  of  Logic;  Shawmut,  or  the 
Settlement  of  Boston;  John  Winthrop  and 
the  Great  Colony;  Lives  of  Raleigh,  .lohn 
Knox,  John  Harvard,  Captain  John  Smith; 
The  Thirty  Years'  War;  and  Heroes  of  Hol- 
land. He  died  June  20,  1878,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y. 

True,  Hiram  L.,  soldier,  physician,  author, 
was  born  June  4,  1845,  in  Athens,  Ohio. 
During  the  civil  war  he  served  as  a  private 
soldier  in  com|)any  A,  one  hundred  and 
twenty-ninth  Ohio  volunteers  infantry. 
Since  1870  he  has  been  in  medical  practice 
in  :McConnelsville,  Ohio.  In  1889-03  he  was 
a  member  of  tlie  examining  board  for  pen- 
sions. He  is  the  author  of  The  Cause  of 
the    Glacial    Period. 

True,  James  Milton,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Kentucky.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
thirty-eighth  regiment  Illinois  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevettcd  brigadier-general 
of  v(dunt('ers.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out    in    1S65. 

True,  John  Preston,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  13,  1859,  in  Bethel.  IMaine. 
He  is  a  Boston  writer;  and  for  the  past 
twenty  years  with  Ilougliton.  Milllin  and 
comjiany.  He  is  the  author  of  Their  Club 
and  Ours,  a  popular  juvenile  tale;  Shoulder 
Arms,  a  tale  of  life  in  a  military  school; 
The  Iron  Star;  .Morgair's  ]\Ien;  and  On 
Guard    Against    Torv    and    Tarlcton.      The 


496 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


last  two  works  are  illustrated  by  his  wife, 
Mrs.  Lilian  Crawford  True. 

True,  Theodore  Edmond,  soldier,  was  born 
Doc.  24,  1842,  in  Coles  county.  111.  In  1861 
he  began  military  service  as  corporal  of 
company  B,  seventh  regiment  Illinois  in- 
fantry; and  in  1863  became  captain  of  the 
sixth  United  States  artillery.  In  1903 
he  became  deputy  quartermaster-general; 
and  in  1904  was  retired  with  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  in  the  United  States  army. 
Trueblood,  Thomas  Clarkson,  educator, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  April  6,  1856,  in 
Salem,  Ind.     In  1884-89  he  was  lecturer  on 

elocution  and  oratory 
in  the  university  of 
Missouri,  in  the  Ken- 
tucky university,  in 
the  Ohio  Wesleyan 
university,  and  in  the 
university  of  Michi- 
gan; and  since  1889 
has  been  professor  of 
elocution  and  oratory 
in  the  university  of 
Michigan.  For  two 
years  he  w'as  presi- 
dent of  the  national 
association  of  elocutionists;  and  in  1890 
organized  the  northern  oratorical  league. 
In  1897  he  organized  the  central  debating 
league.  He  is  the  author  of  Practical  Elo- 
cution; Choice  Readings;  and  Patriotic  Elo- 
quence; Standard  Selections;  Essentials  of 
Public  Speaking;  and  English  and  Ameri- 
can  Eloquence. 

Trueblood,  Benjamin  Franklin,  educator, 
clergyman,  publicist,  author,  was  born  Nov. 
25,  1847,  in  Salem,  Ind.  He  was  educated 
at  the  Friends'  academy  of  Salem,  Ind.; 
and  in  1869  graduated  from  Earlham  col- 
lege of  Richmond,  Ind.  He  has  received  the 
degrees  of  A.M.  and  LL.D.  from  the  state 
university  of  Iowa.  He  has  been  minister 
to  the  society  of  friends;  Avas  president  of 
Wilmington  college  in  1874-79;  and  in  1879- 
90  was  president  of  Penn  college  of  Oska- 
loosa,  Iowa.  In  1890-91  he  studied  in 
France ;  and  since  1892  has  been  general  sec- 
retary  of  the  American  peace  society  with 
lieadquarters  at  Boston,  Mass.  In  1899  he 
was  present  at  the  Hague  peace  conference; 
and  has  made  many  trips  abroad  in  the  in- 
terests of  the  international  arbitration  and 
peace  movement.  He  is  a  successful  lec- 
turer and  writer  on  international  subjects; 
and  since  1892  has  been  editor  of  the  Advo- 
cate of  Peace.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Federation  of  the  World  and  other  works. 

Truell,  Edwin  M.,  soldier,  was  born  Aug. 
19,    1841,    in   Lowell,   Mass.     He   served    as 
soldier    for    three    years    during 
war.     He  was  a  member  of  com- 
twelfth    Wisconsin    volunteer    in- 
was   commissioned   first   lieutenant 


a    union 

the   civil 

pany    E, 

f antry ; 

by  brevet;  and  received  congressional  medal 

of  honor  for  gallantry  in  action  at  Atlanta, 

Ga. 


Truesdale,  Hiram  Clark,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  June  26,  1860,  in  Rock  Island,  111. 
He  went  to  Phoenix  in  1895;  and  became 
known  as  an  expert  in  mining  law.  He  was 
ajipointed  chief  justice  of  the  territory  in 
1897.  He  diea  Oct.  28,  1897,  in  Phoenix, 
Ariz. 

Truesdale,  William  Haynes,  railroad  pres- 
ident, was  born  Dec.  1.  1851,  near  Youngs- 
town,  Ohio.  In  1869-83  he  held  various 
positions   in  the   railway  services;    in    1883- 

87  was  vice-president  of  the  Minneapolis  and 
St.  Louis  railway;  and  was  president  of 
that  corporation  in  1887-94.  Since  1899  he 
has  been  president  of  the  Delaware,  Lacka- 
wanna, and   western   railroad. 

Truesd'ell,  Gaylord  S.,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  18-50.  He  was  a  celebrated  painter. 
He  died  June   13.  1899,  in  New  York  City. 

Truett,  George,  governor,  was  born  in 
1756.  He  was  the  seventh  governor  of 
Delaware  in  1808-11.  .  He  died  Oct.  8,  1818, 
in   Camden.  Del. 

Truex,  William  Snyder,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  Jersey.  In  1861  he  was  major  in 
the  fifth  regiment  New  Jersey  infantry; 
and  in  18G5  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of    volunteers.      He    died    Se])t.    5,    1889. 

Truitt, Warren,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1893- 
96  he  was  judge  of  the  United  States  dis- 
trict court  of  Alaska. 

Truly,  Jefferson,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
July   21,    1861,    in    Fayette,   Miss.      In    1886- 

88  he  was  a  member  of  the  Mississippi  state 
legislature.  In  1898-1903  he  was  judge  of 
the  circuit  court;  and  in  1903-06  was  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Mississippi. 

Truman,  Benjamin  Cummings,  governor, 
autlior.  was  horn  Oct.  25.  1835,  in  Provi- 
dence. R.I.  He  was  military  governor  of 
Tennessee  during  the  civil  war.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Soutli  During  the 
War;  Serai-Tropical  California;  (^eoiden- 
tal  Sketches ;  Winter  Resorts  of  California  : 
From  the  Crescent  City  to  the  (Joldcn  Gate ; 
Homes  and  Happiness  in  the  Golden  Gate ; 
The  Field  of  Honor ;  History  of  the  World's 
Fair  in  Chicago  ;  Campaigning  in  Tennessee  ; 
See  ITow  It  Sparkles ;  and  Pictorial  Los  An- 
geles. 

Truman,  Henry  Hertel,  stock  broker, 
statesman,  wns  horn  Feb.  7.  1847,  in  Green- 
wicli.  Conn.  lie  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic and  private  schools ;  and  in  the  Poly- 
technic institute  of  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  Since 
1869  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  New  York 
stoelc  exchange  :  and  is  also  a  member  of  the 
New  York  produce  exchange.  Since  1903  he 
has  been  seinor  pn  truer  of  Henry  Truman  and 
con^pany,  stock  brokers  of  New  York  Cit^■. 
In  1890  92  he  was  mayor  of  Orange.  N.J. ; 
and  is  prominently  identified  with  the  re- 
publican party.  He  is  a  member  of  the  New 
England  society  of  Orange.  N.J. ;  and  a 
prominent  memlier  of  various  other  patriotic 
and    relit:ioiis   societies. 

Trumbo,  Andrew,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Sept.  13.  1799.  in  Bath  county.  Ky. 
In  1845-47  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


497 


tacky  to  the  twenty-ninth  congress;  and  was 
one  of  the  presidential  electors  of  Kentucky 
in  1848.     He  died  in  Kent'.icky. 

Trumbull,  Annie  Eliot,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  .Mareh  2,  1857,  in  ilartford,  Conn. 
She  is  the  author  of  An  Hour's  Promise ; 
White  Birches;  A  Christmas  Accident  and 
Other  Stories ;  A  Cape  Co<l  Week ;  Hod's 
Salvation ;  Mistress  Content  Cradock :  A 
Wheel  of  Progress,  a  play  ;  and  Life's  Com- 
mon  Way. 

Trumbull,  Benjamin,  clergyman,  author, 
was  horn  Dec  19,  ]735,  in  Hebron.  Cunn. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman  ;  and 
pastor  at  North  Haven  for  sixt>  years.  He 
was  the  author  of  Plea  in  "N'indication  of  the 
Connecticut  Title  to  the  (  ontested  ( West- 
ei-n)  Lands;  Divine  Origin  of  the  Holy 
Scriptures ;  General  History  of  the  United 
States  (1810)  :  and  A  Complete  History  of 
Connecticut.  1630-1764.  He  died  Feb.  2, 
1820,    in    North   Haven.    Conn. 

Trumbull,  Charles  Gallaudet,  editor,  au- 
thor. \\;;s  born  Feb.  20.  1S72.  in  Hartford, 
Conn.      lie    was    tdu.cateil    in    the    Hamilton 

school   of   Philmlelphia 
;ind  at  Yale  university 
wl'.ei-c   lie  received  th'? 
dearee  of  A.B.  in  1893. 
Since      1893      he      has 
been     connected     v.ith 
the      Sunday      School 
Times      oi;       Philadel- 
phia,   of    which    he    is 
now  editor.     He  is  al- 
so   vice-president,    sec- 
retary and  director  of 
*y.^^^^M     the      Sunday      School 
Times  <  onipany  ;   fom- 
panion  in  the  first  class  military  order  Loyal 
legion :    advisory    manager   of    the    Archaeo- 
logical department  of  the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania :    and   is   prominent   in   other  educa- 
tion   and    religious    movements.      He    is    the 
author   of    .\    I'ilgrimaue    to   Jerusalem. 

Trumbull,  Frank,  railway  president,  fin- 
anci'T.  \\;is  Ihuil  Nov.  7.  lSo8,  in  Arcadia, 
Mo.  In  1888-93  he  was  engaged  in  the 
wholesale  coal  business  in  Colorado.  He  is 
l)iesident  of  the  Colorado  midland  railroad  ; 
president  of  tl-.e  Fort  Worth  and  Denver 
city  railway;  and  since  190.5  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Colorado  springs  and  Cripph: 
Creel:   districi    railway. 

Trumbull,  Guidon,  artist,  ornithologist, 
aiiliior.  was  bom  .May  5.  1841,  in  Slonini.'- 
toii.  Conn.  He  was  one  of  the  foremost  art- 
ists in  America.  He  was  the  author  of 
Names  and  Portraits  of  Kirds  Which  In- 
'  t crest  (iunn^Ms,  with  Descriptions.  He  died 
iu    1!»03   in    llnrlfurrl.   Conn. 

Trumbull,  Henry  Clay,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  June  8,  1830.  in 
Stonington,  Conn.  He  was  a  congregation- 
al clergyman  of  Philadelphia ;  and  editor 
of  the  Sunday-School  Times.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Kniirhtly  Soldier;  A  Model 
Superintendent ;  Kadesh-Baniea ;  Teaching 
and    Teachers;    The   Pdood    Covenant;    Yale 


Lectures  on  the  Sunday-School ;  Principles 
and  Practice ;  Hints  on  Child-Training ; 
Friendship  the  Master-Passion;  The?  Ten 
Coniiuandmeiits  as  a  Covenant  of  Love; 
Light  on  the  Story  of  Jonah  ;  Two  North- 
field  Sermons;  A  Lie  Never  Justifiable;  Stu- 
dies in  Oriental  Social  Life  ;  In  Tribulation  ; 
I'rayer ;  The  Threshold  Covenant ;  Teachers' 
Meetings ;  Wm-  INIemories  of  an  Army  Chap- 
lain ;  and  P>order  Lines  in  the  Field  of  Iioubt- 
ful  Practices.  He  died  Dec.  8,  1903,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Trumbull,  James  Hammond,  philologist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1821,  in  Ston- 
ington, Conn.  He  was  assistant  secretary 
of  state  in  1847-52  and  1858-61 ;  secretary 
in  1861-64  ;  and  also  state  librarian  in  1854. 
He  \\as  the  author  of  The  Composition  of 
Indian  Geographical  Names ;  Best  Method 
of  Studying  the  Indian  Languages;  Indian 
Names  of  Places ;  On  the  Algonkin  Verb ; 
The  True  Blue-Laws  of  Connecticut.  He  has 
edited  The  Colonial  Records  of  Connecti- 
cut; and  Roger  Williams's  Key  to  the  Lan- 
guages of  North  America,  He  died  Aug.  5, 
1897,   in  Hartford,   Conn. 

Trumbull,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  autlior, 
was  born  April  24.  1750,  in  Westbury,  Conn. 
With  Barlow  and  others  he  published  The 
Auarchiad,  a  series  of  satirical  essays.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Progress  of  Dulness  ; 
but  JNIacFingal.  a  lludibrastic  poem,  the 
first  canto  of  which  appeared  in  1775,  is  his 
best  title  to  remembrance.  He  died  May  10, 
1831.   in   Detroit,  Jlich. 

Trumbull,  John,  painter,  artist,  congress- 
man, was  born  April  6.  1756,  in  Lebanon, 
Conn.     He  was  a  son  of  Jonathan  Trumbull, 

colonial  governor  of 
Connecticut.  In  1841- 
43  he  was  a  represent- 
ative to  the  twenty- 
seventh  congress.  His 
Battle  of  Bunker  Hill, 
and  Death  of  Mont- 
gomery before  Quebec, 
'are  \\  e  1  1  known 
thi'ough  engravings. 
Four  of  his  colossal 
idctures  are  in  the  ro- 
tunda of  the  capitol 
at  Washington,  enti- 
tled Sill  render  of  Cornwallis ;  Resignation 
of  Wasjiiugton  ;  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence ;  and  Surrender  of  Burgoyne.  He  died 
in  1843  in  New  York  City. 

Trumbull,  Jonathan,  congressman.  United 
States  senator,  governor,  was  born  March  26, 
1740,  in-  Lebanon,  Conn.  He  was  for  sev- 
eral years  a  representative  in  the  state  leg- 
islature of  Connecticut,  and  speaker  of  the 
house.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1707.  1801  and  1805;  and  in  1789-95  he  was 
!i  reiu-esentalive  from  Connecticut  to  the 
first,  second  and  third 
1791-93  he  was  speaker 
second  congress;  and 
I'liited  States  senator 


congresses ;  and  in 
of  the  house  to  the 
iu  1795-97  he  was 
He  was  elected  lieu- 


tenant-governor of  Connecticut;  and  in  1798- 


498 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1809  was  the  thinl  governor.     lie  died  Aug. 
7,   1809,  in  Lebanon,   Conn. 

Trumbull,  Jonathan,  lawyer,  jurist,  col- 
lonial  governor,  legislator;  was  born  Oct.  12, 
1710.  in  Lebanon,  Conn.      He  was  a  member  of 

tire  assembly  at  the  age 
of  twenty-three ;  was 
chosen  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor in  1766:  and 
chief  jnstice  of  the  su- 
perior court.  He  re- 
fused to  take  the  oath 
enjoined  on  royal  of- 
ficers. He  was  colo- 
nial governor  of  Con- 
necticut in  1769-84 ; 
and  was  ihe  onlj''  co- 
lonial governor  who 
took  side  with  the  peo- 
ple. Lie  was  a  whig  leader  and  was  relied 
on  by  Washington  as  one  of  his  firm  sup- 
porters. The  phrase  sometimes  used  by 
Washington,  Let  us  see  what  Brother  Jon- 
athan says,  is  sujjposed  to  have  originated 
the  term  frequently  applied  to  tlio  United 
States.     He  died  Aug.  17,  1785. 

Trumbull,  Jonathan,  librarian,  author,  was 
l)orn  .Ian.  23,  1844.  in  Norwich,  Conn.  lu 
1904-05  lie  was  president  of  the  Connecti- 
cut library  association  ;  and  was  second  vice- 
president  of  the  New  London  county  histori- 
cal society.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Leb- 
anon War  Office;  Joseph  Trumbull.  First 
Commissionary-Geiierai  of  ihe  Continental 
Army ;  The  Sliare  of  Connecticut  in  the 
Revolution  ;  and  many  other  Monographs. 
Trumbull,  Joseph,  congressman,  was  born 
March  11,  1737,  in  Lebanon,  Conn.  In  1774- 
75  he  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to 
the  continental  congress ;  was  a  commission- 
er for  the  board  of  war  in  1777  ;  and  was 
commissary-general  in  the  revolutionary 
army  in  1775-77.  He  died  July  23,  1778,  in 
Lebanon,    (_'onn. 

Trumbull,  Joseph,  legislator,  congressman, 
governor,  was  born  I>ec.  7,  1782,  in  Leba- 
non Conn.  He  was  president  of  tiie  Hart- 
ford bank  for  eleven  years ;  served  in  the 
general  assembly  in  1832,  1848  and  1851; 
and  was  president  of  a  railroad  company.  In 
1833-35  and  1839-43  he  was  a  repivsf'utative 
from  Connectioit  to  the  twenly-third,  twen- 
ty-si.\th  and  twenty-se\enth  congresses.  In 
1849-50  he  was  the  seventeenth  governor 
of  Connecticut.  He  died  Aug.  4,  1861.  in 
Hartford,    Conn. 

Trumbull,  Levi  R.,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  31.  1834,  in  ^Montgomery, 
N.Y.  For  fourteen  years  he  was  associate 
and  citv  editor  of  the  Press  and  (iuardian 
of  Paterson,  N.J.  He  is  now  president 
and  editor  of  the  American  Silk  Jour- 
nal company  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Industrial  Paterson ;  The 
Genesis  of  Silk;  and  Outline  History  of 
Silk. 

Trumbull,  Lyman,  lawyer,  congressman, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Oct.  12, 
1813,    in    Colchester.    Conn.    He    became    a 


member  of  the  legislature  of  Illinois  in  1840  ; 
was  secretary  of  the  state  of  Illinois  in  1841- 
42  ;  and  was  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Illinois  in  1848-53.  lu  1873-96  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  Chicago,  111.  He  was  elected 
a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the  thirty- 
fourth  congress,  but  never  took  his  seat.  In 
1855-73  he  was  United  States  senator ;  and 
for  twehe  years  was  chairman  judiciary 
conunittee.  He  framed  the  thirteenth  amend- 
ment to  the  constitution  of  the  United  States. 
He  died  June  25,  1896.  in  Chicago,  111. 

Trumbull,  Matthew  Moore,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  June  10,  1826,  in  England. 
Before  tlie  close  of  tlie  civil  war  he  was 
made  a  brigadier-general.  In  1882  he  set- 
tled in  Chicago,  where  he  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism, contributing  to  leading  American 
periodicals  on  philosophical,  political,  and 
sociological  subjects,  and  publisliing  a  vol- 
ume on  Free  Trade  in  England.  He  died 
May  9.  1894,  in  Chicago,  HI. 

Trunkey,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1877 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania.  He  died  June  24, 
1888. 

Trusdell,  Charles  Gregory,  clergyman, 
philanthropist,  was  born  May  1,  1826,  in 
Montgomery,  N.Y.  In  1891  he  became  gen- 
eral snperintr-ndent  of  the  Cliicago  relief  and 
aid  societv.  He  died  in  1903  in  Lake 
Bluff.    III. 

Truxton,  William  Talbot,  naval  officer, 
wa-;  born  .March  11,  1824,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  In  1841  he  entered  the  navy  as  a  mid- 
slui)man  ;  became  a  commodore  in  1882  ;  and 
was  inomoted  to  rear  admiral  by  seniority 
in  1886.  He  died  Feb.  25,  1887,  in  Nor- 
folk, Va. 

Truxtun,  Thomas,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Feb.  17.  1755,  in  Long  Island,  N.Y.  He  be- 
gan a  seafaring  life  when  he  was  twelve 
years  old.  The  memory  of  Truxtun  has 
1  een  handed  down  in  the  navy  as  one  of  its 
most  distinguished  officers,  and  the  brig 
Truxtun  was  named  after  him.  He  was  the 
author  of  Remarks.  Instructions  and  Exam- 
ples relating  to  Latitude  and  Lonigtude.  He 
died  :May  5.  1822.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Tryon,  George  Washington,  conchologist, 
author,  was  bom  May  20,  1838,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  In  1875-88  he  was  conservator  of 
the  conchologicai  section  of  the  Philadelphia 
academj'  of  natural  sciences.  He  was  the 
author  of  Land  and  Fresh-Water  Shells  of 
North  America;  Marine  Conchology  ;  Struc- 
tural and  Systematic  Conchology  ;  and  Man- 
i;al  of  Conchology.  He  died  Feb.  5,  1888, 
in    I'hiladelphia.    Pa. 

Tryon,  James  Rufus,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sei)t.  24.  1837,  in  Coxsackie,  N.Y.  In 
1863  he  entered  the  Ignited  States  navy  as 
assistant  surgeon :  and  was  appointed  sur- 
geon-general in  1893.  He  attained  the  rank 
of  rear-admiral  in  the  TTnited  States  navy; 
became  medical  director:  and  was  retired 
from  active  ser\ice  in  1901. 

Tryon,  Dwight  William,  educator,  painter, 
artist,  was  born  .Vug.  13,  1849.  in  Hartford, 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


499 


Conn.      At    the   salon   of   18S1    ho   exhibited 

Harvest  Time  in  Noi- 

:-     ^-  '    mandy ;     and    On    the 

\   ^■■■1^.  .Maas.         Ainunu;       liis 

^^^^^^^^  other   paintin,iis  aiv   A 

_^^^B  \ew  England  Village  ; 

:f^  ^lJJ^^^V  -^       November      Day ; 

JT^^^^m  Kxeniii,;;  Autumn 

^m^m^^^T  Evening  New 

^^^^m^  England  Village:  Star- 

^..^I^Ww  light;    and    Night.  He 

^^■^^^^^^^^  awarded       gold 

^^^^^^^^^^^^    medals  the   Ameri- 

^JH^JU^^I^I    can 

for  his  Daybreak  in 
1886.  and  Moonliglit  in  1887,  and  has  re- 
ceived many  other  medals.  He  was  profes- 
sor of  art  at  Smitli  college,  and  director  of 
the  Hartford  scliool  of  arts  since  1885.  Tn 
1891  he  became  a  member  of  die  National 
academy  of  design. 

Tryon,  William,  colonial,  governor,  Avas 
born  about  1725  in  Ireland.  In  176fi-71  he 
was  colonial  governor  of  North  Carolina  ; 
and  in  1771-75  was  colonial  governor  of  New 
York.      He   died   Feb.   27,   1788.   in   England. 

Tubbs,  Arthur  Lewis,  journalist,  play- 
wright, was  born  July  2.  1867,  in  Glens 
Falls,  N.Y.  Since  1885  he  has  been  engaged 
in  newspaper  work ;  and  is  now  dramatic 
and  music  critic  of  the  I'hiladelp'nia  Evenii!g 
Bulletin.  He  is  the  author  of  the  plays  en- 
titled The  Cowslip  Farm;  The  Fruit  of  His 
Folly;  Followed  by  Fate;  Valley  Farm; 
Heart  of  a  Hero;  Widowdale ;  and  Penalty 
of  I'ride. 

Tubbs,  Frank  Herbert,  musician,  compos- 
er, was  born  Nov.  16,  1853,  in  Brighton, 
Mass.  He  has  been  choirmaster  in  various 
churches.  He  founded  the  New  York  voca! 
institute;  and  established  the  Vocalist.  He 
is  the  author  of  Hints  to  my  Pupils ;  E.xpres- 
sion  in  Singing;  Seed  Thoughts  for  Singers; 
and    \'()i<('-cnlrur('    nnd     Sin^inu. 

Tubman,  Harriet,  abolitionist,  was  born 
about  1821  in  Dorchester  county,  Md.  She 
devoted  all  her  energies  to  guiding  runaway 
skives  from  phintations  of  Marylam";  through 
the  underground  railway  to  New  York  and 
afterward  whi^n  the  slave  hiw,  was  rigidly 
enforced,  to  Canada.  She  freed  more  than 
three  liundred  slaves.  During  the  civil  war 
she  served  both  as  a  spy  for  the  federal 
government   and  as  a  nurse  in   the  hospitals. 

Tuck,  Amos,  educator,  congressman,  was 
born  aliout  1802  in  Parsonsheld.  Maine.  In 
1847-53  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
Hninpsiure  to  the  tidrtietii,  tiiirty-first  and 
tliirty-secoud  "congresses.  He  was  a  nii'Md)er 
of  the  jieace  congress  of  1861.  He  died  in 
New    Hampshire. 

Tuck,  Joseph  Henry,  merchant,  inventor, 
was  ix.rn  Marcii  12,  1812,  in  Dorchester. 
Mass.  lie  was  a  grandson  of  .lohn  Tuck, 
who  was  a  chaplain  in  the  revo]\itionary 
army.  He  gra<luated  from  the  Bost(m  high 
school;  and  afterwaril  was  ap|)n'iiticed  to 
be  a  watchmaker.  He  was  sul)se(|urntly 
employed    in    a    candle    factory,    where    he 


brought  to  perfection  his  first  invention,  the 
endless  wick.  lie  died  about  li)()0  in  Bos- 
ton,  Mass. 

Tuck,  Somerville  Pinkney,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Sept.  24,  1848,  in  Annapolis,  Ind. 
In  1873  he  began  the  practice  of  law.  He 
was  one  of  the  commissioners  appointed  to 
investigate  the  claims  for  damages  of  the 
Alaliama.  In  1882-S.')  he  was  sent  to  J^ng- 
land.  France,  Spain,  Belgium  and  the  West 
Indies  in  relation  to  the  French  spoliation 
claims.  He  was  one  of  the  presiding  judges 
of  the  international  court  of  Eg^-pt. 

Tucker,  Benjamin  Ricketson,  journalist, 
publisher,  author,  was  born  April  17,  1854, 
in  South  Dartmouth,  Mass.  Since  187G  he 
has  been  an  editor  and  publisher;  and  since 
1892  in  New  I'ork  City.  He  is  the  author 
of  Instead  of  a  Book;  The  Attitude  of  An- 
archism Toward  Industrial  Combinations; 
A  Blow  at  Trial  by  Jury;  and  State  So- 
cialism and  Anarchism. 

Tucker,  Severely  Dandridge,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Nov.  D,  1850,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.  During  the  civil  war  he  served 
in  the  West  Virginia  artillery  in  the  con- 
federate states  army.  In  190(5  he  was  con- 
secrated bishop  coadjutor  of  southern  \'ir- 
ginia. 

Tucker,  Beverly,  journalist,  was  born  in 
\'irginia.  He  was  identified  with  the  news- 
paper business  in  Wasliington;  and  was 
chosen  superintendent  of  public  printing  in 
1853.  During  the  civil  war  he  participated 
with  zeal  in  the  cause  of  the  southern 
states.     He  died  in  ^■irginia. 

Tucker,  Charles  Cowles,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  March  3,  1809,  in  Washington, 
D.C.  Since  1890  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Washington,  D.C;  and  since  1893  has  been 
ollicial  reporter  of  tiie  court  of  appeals  for 
the  District  of  Columbia.  He  is  the  author 
of  Reports  of  the  Court  of  Appeals,  in 
twenty   volumes. 

Tucker,  Ebenezer,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1758  in  Burling- 
ton, N.J.  In  1825-29  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey  to  the  nineteenth  and 
twentieth  congresses.  He  held  the  olliees  of 
judge  of  the  common  pleas,  justice  of  the 
court  of  quarter  sessions,  and  judge  of  the 
orphans'  court.  He  died  Sept.  5,  1845,  in 
Tuckerton,  N.J, 

Tucker,  Ephraim,  genealogist,  was  born 
Oct.  14,  1S2I,  in  Oxford,  Mass.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  genealogical  work  on  tlu'  Tuck- 
er family. 

Tucker,  Eugene  Adelmer,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  .Ma_\  13,  1850,  in  Cortland.  N.Y. 
He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  Humboldt, 
Neb.  He  has  been  police  judge,  city  at- 
torney and  county  att(n-nev;  mayor  of  Hum- 
boldt;  ami  dcdigati-  republ  cation  national 
Iragnc  in  1S90;  and  deiigate  to  national 
repul)lican  cnnvcntion  in  I1H)0. 

Tucker,  Genevieve,  |)liysician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  25,  1858,  in  ^\■anpaca. 
Wis.  For  three  years  she  taught  in  the 
public    schools    of    Iowa.      She    is    a    noted 


iOO 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


physician  and  surgeon  of  Pueblo,  Colo. ;  and 
in  1898-99  was  president  of  the  Colorado 
homeopathic  medical  society.  She  is  the 
author  of  Mother,  Baby  and  Nursery. 

Tucker,  George,  educator,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  in  1775  in 
Bermuda.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Vir- 
ginia state  legislature;  and  in  1819-25  he 
was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
sixteenth,  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  con- 
gresses. He  was  professor  of  moral  philos- 
ophy and  political  economy  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Virginia.  He  was  the  author  of 
Life  of  Jelierson;  Political  History  of  the 
United  States;  Essays  Moral  and  Philo- 
sophical; Theory  of  Money  and  Banks;  Es- 
says on  Subjects  of  Taste;  Principles  of 
Rent,  Wages  and  Profits;  The  Valley  of  ixie 
Shenandoah,  a  novel;  and  A  Voyage  to  the 
Moon,  a  satirical  romance.  He  died  April 
10,   ISGl,  in  Slierwond,  Va. 

Tucker,  George  Fox,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  19,  1852,  in  New  Bedford,  Mass. 
He  is  a  lawyer  of  New  Bedford,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  Manual  of  Wills;  Manual 
of  Business  -Corporations;  Manual  of  the 
Constitution  of  Massachusetts,  the  Interpre- 
tation of  Statutes,  Special  Writs,  and  Mo- 
tions for  New  Trials;  The  Monroe  Doc- 
trine; Notes  on  the  United  States  Revised 
Statutes;  A  Quaker  Home,  a  novel;  Uncle 
Calup's  Christmas  Dinner;  and  Your  Will: 
How  to  Make  It. 

Tucker,  Gideon  J.,  lawyer,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  in  1827  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  elected  st'cretary  of  the  state  of 
New  York  in  1857;  and  in  186G  was  a  mem- 
lier  of  the  New  York  state  assembly.  In 
1 802-70  he  served  as  surrogate  of  New  York 
Citv  and  county.  He  died  in  1899  in  New 
Yoik   City. 

Tucker,  Gilbert  Milligan,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  2(j,  1847,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  He  is  editor  of  the  Country  Gentle- 
man. He  is  the  author  of  Our  Common 
Speech ;  and  Irrigation  Schemes  at  the 
U'ost. 

Tucker,  Gilman  H.,  soldier,  publisher,  was 
born  Jan.  20,  183(5,  in  Raymond,  N.H.  He 
was  educated  in  the  Pliillips  Andovcr  acad- 
emy ;  and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  as  A.B.  In  1861-62  he  was  a  colo- 
nel on  the  stair  of  Governor  Berry  of  New 
Hampshire:  and  in  1802  was  his  secretary. 
Ill  ]S0;)-68  he  was  in  business  in  Boston, 
Mass.;  since  1878  has  been  in  business  in 
New  York  City;  aiid  was  director  and  sec- 
retary of  the  American  book  company,  pub- 
lishers of  school  and  college  textbooks.  He 
traveled  gciu'ially  througli  the  United 
States  and  has  taken  several  trips  to  Eu- 
rope, lie  was  a  member  of  the  Sons  of  the 
American  revolution;  a  member  of  the  So- 
ciety of  colonial  wars;  and  a  member  of 
several  otlier  societies  and  clubs.  He  died 
about   1912. 

Tucker,  Henry  Holcombe,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, journalist,  author,  was  born  May 
10,    1819,    ill    W'aneii    count  v.   (!a.      He   was 


the  founder  of  the  Georgia  relief  and  hos- 
pital association,  which  rendered  such  great 
assistance  to  the  sick  and  wounded  of  the 
south  during  the  civil  war.  He  was  the 
author  of  Religious  Liberty;  The  Gospel  in 
Enoch;  and  The  Old  Theology  Restated  in 
Sermons.  He  died  Sept.  9,  1898,  in  At- 
lanta, Ga. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George,  educatorj  law- 
yer, congressman,  author,  was  born  Dec. 
29,  1780,  in  Williamsburg,  Va.  He  was  at 
one  time  president  of  the  court  of  appeals; 
and  was  also  professor  of  law  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Virginia.  In  1815-19  he  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  four- 
teenth and  fifteenth  congresses.  He  was  the 
author  of  Lectures  on  Natural  Law  and 
Government;  Lectures  on  Constitutional 
Law;  and  Commentaries  on  the  Law  of  Vir- 
ginia. He  died  Aug.  28,  1848,  in  Winches- 
ter, Va. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  in  1826  in  Virginia.  He  was  a 
lieutenant-colonel  in  the  confederate  army. 
He  was  the  author  of  Hansford,  a  Tale  of 
Bacon's  Rebellion;  and  The  Southern  Crop. 
Ho  died  in   1803. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  5,  1853,  in 
Winchester,  Va.  Since  1876  he  has  prac- 
ticed law  in  Staun- 
ton, Va.  In  1887- 
97  he  w^as  a  repre- 
sentative from  Vir- 
ginia to  the  fifty- 
li  r  s  t,  fifty-second, 
fifty-third  and  fifty- 
fourth  congresses  as 
a  democrat.  On  the 
death  of  his  father, 
John  Randolph 

Tucker,  he  was  elect- 
ed to  fill  the  chair 
of  constitutional  law 
and  equity  made  vacant  by  his  death  in 
the  Washington  and  Lee  university.  He 
thus  became  the  fourth  member  of  his 
family  in  direct  lineal  succession  who  has 
O('cii]iiod    that    position. 

Tucker,  John  Randolph,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Jan.  31,  1812,  in  Alexandria,  Va. 
He  was  attached  to  Custis  Lee's  division 
of  Gen.  Swell's  corps,  which  formed  the 
rear  guard  of  the  confederate  army  on 
the  retreat  from  Richmond.  In  1866  he 
was  appointed  to  the  command  of  the 
Peruvian  navy  with  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral.  During  the  war  between  Peru, 
Chili  and  Spain  he  coniiii;Tnd«'d  the  com- 
bined fleets  of  tlie  two  rei)ublics.  He  died 
.liiiie    12,    1883,   in    Petersburg,   Va. 

Tucker,  John  Randolph,  soldier,  educa- 
tor, lawyer,  congressman,  was  born  Dec. 
24,  1823^  in  Winchester,  Va.  He  was  a 
])residential  elecior  in  1852  and  1856;  and 
in  1857  was  elected  attorney-general  of 
\'irginia,  and  was  re-elected  in  1859  and 
1803.  In  1870  he  was  elected  professor  of 
equity  and   law   in  Washington   college.     In 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


501 


1875-87  he  was  a  representative  from  Vir- 
giiiiii  to  tlie  forty-fourtli,  forty-lifth,  forty- 
bixtli,  forty-seventh,  forty -eighth  and  for- 
ty-ninth congresses.  He  was  president  of 
tiie  American  bar  association.  He  died 
Feb.   13,   18y7.  in  Lexinjiton,  Va. 

Tucker,  Joshua  Thomas,  clergyman,  au- 
tiior.  was  born  Sept.  20,  1812,  in  Milton, 
Mass.  He  was  a  congregational  clergy- 
man of  Boston.  He  was  the  author  of 
Tlie  Sinless  One.  a  life  of  Christ;  and 
Christ's  Infant  Kingdom.  He  died  June 
11,    1897,    in    Boston,    Mass. 

Tucker,  Luther,  agriculturist,  journalist, 
was  born  ]May  7.  1802,  in  Brandon,  Vt.  In 
1831  he  established  the  Genesee  Farmer. 
In  1853  he  established  the  Country  Gentle- 
man, weekly,  with  which  the  Cultivator 
was  finally"  combined  in  1866  under  the 
united  titles,  and  it  is  still  published  by 
Mr.  Tucker's  sons.  He  died  Jan.  26,  1873, 
in   Albany,  N.Y. 

Tucker,  Mrs.  Margaretta  Ames,  littera- 
teur, poet.  She  is  the  author  of  For  ]\Iy 
Friend,  a  collection  of  poems;  and  Drift- 
wood,  and   other   poems. 

Tucker,  Nathaniel  Beverley,  educator, 
lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  6, 
1784,  in  Williamsburg,  Va.  He  was  a 
Virginia  jurist;  and  professor  of  law  at 
William  and  Mary  college  in  1834-51.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Partisan  Leader; 
George  Balcombe,  a  novel ;  and  principles 
of  Pleading.  He  died  Aug.  26,  1851,  in 
Winchester,  Va. 

Tucker,  Nathaniel  Beverley,  journalist, 
dii)loniat,  was  born  June  8,  1820,  in  Win- 
chester, Va.  He  founded  the  Sentinel  in 
1853;  was  elected  printer  to  the  United 
States  senate  in  December  of  that  year; 
and  in  1857-61  was  consul  to  Liverpool. 
He  died  July  4,   1890,  in  Richmond,  Va. 

Tucker,  Pomeroy,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  10,  1802,  in  Palmyra,  N.Y.  He 
was  a  Canandaigua  journalist.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Origin  of  Mormonism. 
He  died  June  30,  1870,  in  Palmyra,  N.Y. 

Tucker,  Richard  Hawley,  astronomer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  29,  1850,  in  Wis- 
casset,  ]\Iaine.  Since  1893  he  has  been 
engaged  in  astronomical  work  in  Lick  ob- 
servatory of  ilount  Hamilton,  Cal.  He  is 
the  author  of  several  volumes  of  Lick  ob- 
servatory   publications. 

Tucker,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1776 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme  court   of   New   Jersey. 

Tucker,  Samuel,  naval  oflicer.  was  born 
Nov.  1,  1747.  in  Marblehead,  :Mass.  In 
1776  hf  was  commissioned  captain  l)y  Gen- 
era! Washington;  and  he  caj)tured  more 
tlian  thirty  vessels  in  the  Franklin  and 
Hancock.  After  the  war  lie  received  a 
vote  of  thanks  from  congress  for  his  serv- 
ices. In  1814-18  he  was  a  nu'mber  of  the 
Massachusetts  state  legislature;  and  in 
1820-21  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  legis- 
lature. He  died  Marcli  10,  1833,  in  Bre- 
men, Maine. 


Tucker,  Mrs.  Sarah,  Quaker  preacher, 
was  born  in  1779  in  Portsmouth,  R.I.  She 
was  a  minister  of  tiie  Society  of  Friends 
for  thirty-seven  years.  Her  autobiography 
was  published  under  the  title  of  ^Memoirs 
of  the  Life  and  Religious  Experience  of 
Sarali    Tucker.      She    died    in    1840. 

Tucker,  Starling,  congressman,  was  born 
ill  Halifax  county,  N.C.  In  1817-31  he  was 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  to 
the  hfteenth,  sixteenth,  seventeenth,  eight- 
centii,  nineteenth,  twentieth  and  twenty- 
lirst  congresses.  He  died  Feb.  4,  1834,  at 
I\Iountain    Shoals,    S.C. 

Tucker,  St.  George,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  legislator,  author,  was  born  July 
10,  1752,  in  Bermuda.  He  w^as  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  legislature;  and  was  one 
of  the  committee  to  revise  the  laws  of 
Virginia.  He  Avas  a  professor  in  William 
and  ^lary  college.  He  was  judge  in  the 
state  courts  nearly  fifty  years;  was  a 
judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  in  1803-11; 
and  in  1813  was  district  judge  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  district  court.  He  was  called 
the  American  Blackstone.  He  was  the 
author  of  Letters  on  th^  Alien  and  Sedition 
l^aws;  The  Probationary  Odes  of  Jona- 
than Pindar,  a  collection  of  political  sa- 
tires; and  an  annotated  Blackstone;  but 
is  known  to  general  literature  only  by  the 
lyric  beginning  Days  of  my  youth,  ye  have 
glided  away.  He  died  Nov.  10,  1828,  in 
Warminster,  Va. 

Tucker,  Thomas  Tudor,  congressman, 
cabinet  ollicer,  was  born  in  1745,  in  Ber- 
muda. He  was  a  patriot  of  the  revolu- 
tion; and  in  1787-88  he  was  a  delegate 
from  South  Carolina  to  the  continental 
congress.  In  1789-93  he  Avas  a  represen- 
tative from  South  Carolina  to  the  first 
and  second  congresses;  and  was  United 
States  treasurer  in  1794-1828.  He  died 
May   2,    1828.   in   Washington. 

Tucker,  Tilghman  M.,  congressman,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  North  Carolina.  He 
was  the  ninth  governor  of  Mississippi  in 
1841-43;  and  in  1843-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Mississippi  to  the  twenty- 
eiglith  congress.  He  died  April  30.  1850,  in 
Alabama. 

Tucker,  William  A.,  railroad  president, 
capitalist  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  presi- 
dent and  director  of  the  Hartford  and 
Springfield  street  railway  company;  pres- 
ident and  director  of  the  Manchester  trac- 
tion, light  and  power  company;  president 
and  director  of  the  Stanislaus  electric 
|)ower  company :  and  treasurer  and  director 
in  various  oth'T  corporations  of  Boston, 
Mass. 

Tucker,  William  Jewett,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  July  13, 
183!).  ill  Ciriswold.  Conn.  He  was  profes- 
sor ill  Andover  theological  seminary  in 
1879-93;  and  was  president  of  Dartmouth 
college  in  1803-1007.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
The  New  IMoveinent  in  Humanity;  and 
other    works. 


502 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Tucker,  Willis  Gaylord,  educator,  chem- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  31,  1849,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 
In  1881  he  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Albany  college  of  pharmacy;  and  became 
professor  of  chemistry;  and  since  1883  its 
dean.  He  was  appointed  analyist  to  the 
state  board  of  liealth  in  1881;  has  been 
registrar  of  the  Albany  medical  college 
since  1882;  and  is  professor  of  chemistry. 
He  has  been  secretary  of  its  alumni  asso- 
ciation since  its  organization  in  1874.  .  He 
was  editor  of  the  Albany  Medical  Annals 
in   1882-87. 

Tuckerman,  Alfred,  librarian,  bibliograph- 
er, author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1848,  in  New 
York  City.  He  received  the  rudiments  of 
his  education  in  private  schools;  in  1870 
graduated  from  Harvard  college;  and  in 
1874  received  tlie  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  the 
university  of  Leipzig.  In  1876-80  he  was 
assistant  in  the  Astor  library  of  New 
York  City.  Since  1800  he  has  been  a  fel- 
low of  the  American  association  for 
the  achievement  of  science;  and  for  sev- 
eral years  has  been  a  member  of  the  New 
York  academy  of  science.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  tiie  Universitj^  Harvard  and 
Cliemists  clubs  of  New  York  City;  and  a 
member  of  the  Cosmos  club  of  Waslilng- 
ton,  D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  an  Index 
to  Literature  of  the  Spectroscope,  in  two 
volumes,  in  the  Smithsonian  miseellaneous 
collections:  an  Index  to  the  Literature  ot 
Thermodynamics;  and  an  Index  to  the 
Bibliograjjliv  of  the  Chemical  Influence  of 
Liglit. 

Tuckerman,  Arthur  Lyman,  architect,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1861.  in  New  Y''ork.  He 
v.as  an  arcliitoct  of  New  York  City;  and  su- 
perintendent of  the  JMetropolitan  museum 
art  schools  in  1888.  He  was  the  author  of 
A  Short  History  of  Architecture.  He  died 
in    1802  in  New"  Y^ork  City. 

Tuckerman,  Bayard,  author,  was  born 
July  2,  LS.').").  in  New  York.  In  1898-1907 
he  lectured  on  English  literature  at  Prince- 
ton university.  He  is  the  author  of  His- 
tory of  English  Prose  Fiction:  Life  of  La- 
fayette; Life  of  ^Villiam  Jay:  Life  of  Peter 
Stuyvesant:  and  Pliilip  Schuyler.  INIajor- 
General  in  the  American  Revolution. 

Tuckerman,  Charles  Keating,  diplomat, 
autlior,  was  born  Marcli  11,  1821.  in  Bos- 
ton, jNlass.  He  was  minister  to  (ireece  in 
1868-72;  and  lived  in  Europe  subsequently. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Greeks  of  To- 
Day;  Poems;  and  Personal  Recollections  of 
Notable  People.  He  died  Feb.  27.  1806,  in 
Florence,  ItalJ^ 

Tuckerman,  Edward,  educator,  botanist, 
author.  Avas  born  Dec.  7.  1817.  in  Boston, 
]\Iass.  He  was  a  professor  of  botany  at 
Amherst  college  in  18r)S-S6.  He  was  the  au- 
tlior of  Genera  LiclHMiniii ;  Synopsis  of  the 
North  American  Lichens;  and  Catalogue  of 
Plants  Growing  Wild  within  Thirty  :Miles 
of  Amherst.  He  died  :\lnrcli  lo  1886,' in  Am- 
lierst,  Mass. 


Tuckerman,  Frederick  Goddard,  lawyer, 
])oet,  was  born  Aug.  16,  1821,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  a  volume  of 
poems.  He  died  May  14,  1877,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Tuckerman,  Henry  Theodore,  author,  poet, 
was  born  April  21,  1813,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Much  of  his  life  was  spent  abroad,  largely 

in  Italy,  his  intimate 
acquaintance  with 
Italian  affairs  appear- 
ing in  his  earliest 
works.  The  Italian 
Sketch-Book,  and  Is- 
abel, or  Sicily,  a  Pil- 
grimage, republished 
as  Sicily  and  Pil- 
grimage. His  subse- 
quent writings  in- 
clude Thoughts  on 
the  Poets;  The  Book 
of  the  Artists;  Es- 
says Biograpliical  and  Critical;  Artist  Life; 
Rambles  and  Reveries;  Characteristics  of 
Literature;  The  Criterion;  Maga  Papers 
about  Paris;  Leaves  from  the  Diary  of  a 
Dreamer;  Life  of  J.  P.  Kennedy;  America 
and  Her  Commentators;  The  Optimist,  a 
series  of  essays;  A  Sheaf  of  Verse;  Poems; 
Mental  Portraits;  and  The  Collector,  a  vol- 
ume of  essays.  He  died  Dec.  17,  1871,  in 
New  York  City. 

Tuckerman,  Joseph,  clergyman,  philan- 
tliropist,  was  born  Jan.  IS,  1778,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman  of 
Chelsea  in  1801-28.  He  was  the  autlior  of 
(ileams  of  Truth;  and  Principles  and  Re- 
sults of  the  Ministry  at  Large  in  Boston. 
Elevation  of  the  Poor  is  a  collection  of  his 
most  important  writings.  He  died  April  20, 
1840,  in  Havana,  Cuba. 

Tuckerman,  Samuel  Parkman,  musician, 
composer,  was  born  Feb.  11,  1819,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  Cathedral 
Chants:  Trinity  Collection  of  Church  ]Mu- 
sic;  and  other  sacred  music.  He  died  June 
30.  1800.  in  Newport,  R.I. 

Tuckerman,  Stephen  Salisbury,  artist,  was 
born  Dec.  8,  1830,  in  Boston.  ^lass.  Since 
1872  he  has  worked  chiefly  abroad;  and  has 
exhibited  in  London,  Paris,  and  in  Holland, 
as  well  as  in  America.  He  is  noted  especially 
for  his  marine  views,  among  which  are 
Beach  at  Hastings;  United  States  Frigate 
Constitution  Escaping  from  the  ISritisli 
Fleet  in  1812,  wliich  is  in  the  Boston  ]\Iu- 
seuin  of  Fine  Arts;  and  Dntcli  Fishing- 
Boats  Beaching  in  a  Gale. 

Tudor,  William,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
was  born  Marcli  28,  1750,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  was  attached  to  General  Washington's 
staff  in  1773-78  as  judge-advocate  with  the 
rank  of  colonel.  He  was  a  member  of  both 
houses  of  the  Massachusetts  legislature;  and 
ill  1809-10  was  secretary  of  state.  He  died 
July  8,  1819.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Tudor,  William,  journalist,  legislator,  dip- 
lomat,  autlior,    was   fjorii   Jan.    28,    1779,    in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


503 


Boston,  Mass.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  legislature.  He  iiiauguratid 
the  ice  tradic  with  tropical  climes  in  1805; 
and  was  afterwards  engaged  in  other  com- 
mercial transactions  in  Europe.  In  1823  he 
was  appointed  consul  at  Lima,  Peru;  and  in 
1827  charge  d'affaires  to  Brazil.  He  was 
the  author  of  Letters  on  the  Eastern  States ; 
]\HscelIani*s;  Life  of  James  Otis;  and  (iebel 
Teir.  He  died  :March  9,  1830,  in  Rio  Janei- 
ro. Brazil. 

Tufts,  Arthur  Webster,  merchant,  state 
senator,  banker,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1828,  in 
Charlestown,  Mass.      He   was  a   member   of 

the  M  a  s  s  a  chusetts 
legislature  in  1879- 
81 ;  and  of  the  senate 
in  1882-83.  He  was 
republican  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1884 
and  in  1888;  and  a 
delegate  to  the  Chi- 
cago convention  wiiieh 
nominated  Benjamin 
Harrison.  In  1889  he 
accepted  appointment 
to  the  governor's 
council,  serving  three 
years.  He  was  director  in  the  Common- 
wealth insurance  company  of  Boston,  and 
the  Warren  institution  for  savings  in 
Charlestown ;  and  was  president  of  the  In- 
stitution for  Savings  in  Roxbury.  He  died 
in   1892  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Tufts,  Charles,  philanthropist,  was  born 
.Inly  11,  1781,  in  Medford,  Mass.  He  was  a 
liberal  friend  of  education;  and  gave  the 
site  and  seventy  acres  of  land  to  found  a 
college  at  Milford  Hill,  near  Medford,  Mass. 
it  was  founded  in  18.)3,  and  was  named 
Tufts  college  in  his  honor.  He  died  Dec. 
24,  1870.  in  Somerville,  Mass. 

Tufts,  Cotton,  physician,  founder,  was 
born  May  30,  1734,  in  Medford,  Mass.  He 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  American 
Academy  of  arts  and  sciences;  and  of  the 
Mas-^achusetts  medical  society,  of  which  he 
was  president  for  some  time.  He  died  Dec. 
8,  1815,  in  Weymouth,  Mass. 

Tufts,  Henry,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1748.  in  New  Hamiishire.  He  was 
the  author  of  A  Narrative  of  the  Life.  Ad- 
ventures, Travels  and  Sullerings  of  Henry 
Tufts,  a  picture  of  certain  phases  of  New 
England  life  published  in  1807.  He  died  in 
1831. 

Tufts,  James  Arthur,  educator,  editor, 
was  born  April  2(i,  1855,  in  Alstead,  N.H.  In 
1878  he  beeame  a  |)rofessor  of  English;  and 
is  now  secretary  of  the  faculty  of  the  Phil- 
lips Exeter  academy  of  New  Hampshire.  In 
1905  iind  1907  lie  was  a  member  of  tlie  New 
llnnipsliire  house  of  rei)resen(atives.  He 
edited  and  annotated  Scott's  l.ady  of  tlie 
Lake;   and  other  works. 

Tufts,  James  Hayden,  educator,  autiior, 
was    l)orn    July    9,    18(i2.    in    .Monson.    .Mass. 


In    1884    he 


graduated  from  Amherst  col- 
lege; in  1889  gradu- 
ated from  tlie  Yale 
divinity  school ;  and 
took  graduate  studies 
in  Yale,  Berlin  and 
Ereil)urg  universities. 
He  has  received  the 
degrees  of  Ph.D  and 
LL.D.  Since  1892  he 
has  been  professor  of 
philosophy;  and  in 
1898-1904  was  dean 
of  the  senior  colleges 
at  the  university  of 
Chicago.  He  is  author  of  The  Individiuil 
and  His  Relation  to  Society  as  Reflected  in 
British  Etliics;  ,Tames  Tufts,  a  Menu)rial ; 
is  part  author  of  Ethics;  and  editor  of 
Studies   in    Philosophy  and  Psychology. 

Tufts,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
May  5,  1()89.  in  iMedford,  Mass.  He  was  the 
author  of  Introduction  to  the  Singing  of 
Psalin-Tunt's,  with  a  Collection  of  Tunes  in 
Three  Parts;  and  a  sermon.  Humble  Call  to 
Archippus.  He  died  in  August,  1750,  in 
Amesljiiry,  Mass. 

Tufts,  John  Quincy,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  July  12, 
1840,  in  Aurora,  Ind.  He  held  the  position 
of  clerk,  trustee,  and  justice;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Iowa  legislature  in  1869-74. 
In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative  from 
Iowa  to  the  forty-fourth  congress  as  a  re- 
piiblican. 

Tufts,    Quincy,    ])hilant1iropist,   was    born 


Julv  4,   1791. 


NVevmouth.  iNIass.     He  left 


by  his  will  ten  thousand  dollars  to  Harvard 
for  the  education  of  indigent  students;  two 
thousand  dollars  each  to  Amherst  college 
and  Atkinson  academy,  New  Hampshire,  for 
a  like  pur|)ose;  ten  thousand  dollars  to  the 
town  of  Weymouth  for  a  free  library;  ten 
thousand  dollars  to  the  Massachusetts  gen- 
eral hospital  for  free  beds;  and  about  forty 
thousand  dollars  to  be  distributed  among 
the  charitable  institutions  of  the  city.  He 
died  April   18,  1872,  in  Wejmiouth,  Mass. 

Tuigg,  John,  clergyman,  bishop,  was  born 
in  1820  in  Ireland.  In  18G9  he  was  ap- 
pointed vicar  forane  of  the  eastern  part  of 
the  diocese.  He  then  erected  a  new  church, 
which  was  dedicated  in  1875.  He  was  con- 
secrated bisho])  of  Pittsburgh  in  1S76.  and 
soon  afterward  made  administrator  of  the 
diocese  of  Alleghany.  He  died  Dec.  7,  1889, 
in  Altoona.  Pa. 

Tuirrell,  Henry,  journalist,  autlior.  poet, 
was  born  Feb.  3.  18(35.  Since  19(10  he  has 
been  on  the  editorial  stall  of  Juilgc.  lie  is 
the  author  of  Lee  of  X'irginia. 

Tuley,  Murray  F.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  March  4.  1827.  in  Louisville.  Ky. 
In  1847-48  lie  served  in  the  Mexican  war  in 
the  lifth  Illinois  reginu'ut.  For  two  years 
he  was  attorney -general  of  New  Mexico; 
and  for  one  term  was  a  member  of  the 
state    legislature.      In    1854-79    he   practiced 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   T^IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


law  in  Chicago,  111.;  in  1869-73  was  cor- 
poration counsel ;  and  for  many  years  was 
circuit  judge  of  Cook  county,  111.  He  died 
Dec.  2-5,  1905,  in  Cliicago,  111. 

Tuley,  Henry  Enos,  educator,  physician, 
autlior,  was  born  Jan.  11,  1870,  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.     In   1888  he  graduated  from  the 

public    schools     of 
_  Louisville,      Ky. ;      in 

jll^H^^  I  1890  graduated  from 
'  ^^Bm  the  medical  depart- 
<jB  j  ment  of  the  univer- 
^fw  sitv  of  Louisville  as 
M.b.  In  1891-92  he 
was  a  resident  physi- 
cian of  the  New  York 
infant  asylum;  and  in 
1892  was  resident 
pliysician  of  the  Sloan 
maternity  hospital  of 
New  York  City.  He 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Louisville,  Ky.;  and  is  visiting  physician  to 
the  Masonic  widows'  and  orphans'  home  and 
to  the  Louisville  city  hospital.  He  is  pro- 
fessor of  obstetrics  in  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  the  university  of  Louisville.  He  is 
a  member  of  several  medical  associations 
and  societies.  He  is  the  author  of  Obstet- 
rical Nursing;  Pediatrics;  and  Diseases  of 
Children. 

Tuller,  Edward  Pratt,  clergyman,  mission- 
ary, was  born  April  16,  1859,  in  Hartford, 
Conn.     He  has  received  the  degrees  of  A.B. 

and  A.M.  from  Brown 
university;  received 
the  honorary  degree 
of  D.D.  from  Kalama- 
zoo college  and  in 
1887  graduated  from 
the  Newton  theolog- 
ical institution.  In 
1886  he  was  ordained 
to  the  baptist  minis- 
tiy;  and  has  filled 
pastorates  in  Provi- 
dence and  Newport, 
R.I. ;  in  the  Second 
baptist  church  of  Lawrence,  Mass.;  in  the 
First  baptist  church  of  Detroit,  Mich.;  and 
the  Memorial  baptist  church  of  Chicago,  111. 
Since  1906  he  has  been  pastor  of  the  Brigh- 
ton av(Miue  baptist  church  of  Brighton, 
Mass.  Ill  1901-06  he  was  secretary  of  the 
board;  and  since  1888  has  been  a  member 
of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Baptist 
missionary  union.  In  1902-05  he  was  a 
trustee  of  the  Kalamazoo  college;  since  1904 
he  has  been  a  trustee  of  the  Boston  school 
of  expression;  and  since  1907  has  been  a 
trustee  of  the  Newton  theological  institu- 
tion. 

TuUj  John,  astrologer,  scientist,  was 
lioni  SeiJl.  a.  1G.3S.  in  England.  In  1681-1701 
lie  was  enpajred  in  compiling-  almanacs;  and 
was  imiinlfirly  known  as  (he  New  England 
astrologer.  He  died  Oct.  5,  1701,  in  Middle- 
town,   Conn. 


TuUy,  Pleasant  B.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  March  21,  1829,  in  Pleasant  Bx- 
eliange,  1'eiin.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1879.  In 
1883-85  he  was  a  representative  from  Cali- 
fornia to  the  forty-eighth  congress  as  a 
democrat.  He  died  about  1900  in  Gilroy, 
Cal. 

Tully,  William,  physician,  educator,  bot- 
anist, author,  was  born  Nov.  18,  1785,  in 
Saybrook,  Conn.  He  was  a  noted  New  Eng- 
land botanist  and  physician ;  and  medical 
professor  at  \ale  university  in  1829-42.  He 
was  the  author  of  Essays  upon  Fever  ;  Ma- 
teria Medica,  or  Pharmacology  ;  and  Thera- 
peutics. He  died  Feb.  28,  1859,  in  Spring- 
field. Mass. 

TuUy,  William  J.,  lawyer,  statesman,  was 
born  Oct.  1,  1870,  in  Corning,  N.Y.  He- has 
received  the  degrees  of  LL.B.  and  LL.D.  In 
1893-1908  he  practiced  law  in  Corning.  He 
has  been  a  member  of  the  New  York  state 
senate.  In  1908  he  was  appointed  attorney 
to  the  association  of  life  insurance  presi- 
dents, with  offices  in  New  Y^'ork  City.  He 
resigned  in  1909  and  was  elected  general  sol- 
icitor of  the  IMetropolitan  life  insurance  com- 
liany. 

Tully,  William  Kelly,  clergyman,  chaplain, 
journalist,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1851,  in  Prince- 
lowii,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  at  Lafayette 
college  and  Princeton  seminary.  He  has 
been  pastor  of  the  presbyterian  church  of 
Medina,  N.Y. ;  pastor  of  the  presbytenan 
church  of  Jacksonville,  Fla. ;  and  in  1887- 
93  was  chaplain  in  the  United  States  anny, 
regular  service.  He  is  a  successful  writer ; 
and  is  now  a  journalist  on  the  Ledger.  He 
is  the  eldest  son  of  Chaplain  David  Tully; 
and  is  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  com- 
mandary  of  the  military  order  of  the  loyal 
legion  ;    and    resides    in    Media,    Pa. 

Tunis,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
in  1858  in  New  York.  He  was  an  episcopal 
clergyman  of  INIillbrook,  N. J. ;  and  prior  to, 
1892  in  the  r.nitarijm  ministry.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  The  Faith  by  Which  We 
Stand.  He  died  in  1896  in  Milbrook,  N.J. 
Tunnell,  Ebe  W.,  governor.  In  1897-1901 
he  was  the  thirty-fonrth  governor  of  Dela- 
ware. 

Tunnicliff,  John  J.,  lawyer,  public  official, 
was  liorn  JNLirch  17,  1841.  in  Penn  Yan,  N. 
Y.  In  1863  he  graduated  from  the  Hamil- 
ton college,  Clinton, 
N.Y".,  and  the  follow- 
ing year  from  the  Al- 
bany law  school.  Since 
186-5  he  has  practiced 
law  i  n  Galesburg, 
111. ;  was  five  times 
elected  state's  attor- 
ney of  Knox  county, 
and  held  the  office 
during  1872-92 ;  and 
in  1895  he  was  elect- 
ed mayor  of  the  city 
of  Galesburg.  While 
he  held  the  office  of  states'  attorney  he  pros- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


505 


edited  many  important  crimiu'il  cases,  and 
convicted  Frank  Hande  who  had  committed 
murders  in  various  states  ;  and  nearly  all  ot 
his  cases,  when  taken  to  the  supreme  court, 
were  generally  sustained,  and  many  import- 
ant questions  in  criminal  practice  settled.  He 
died   about  1902   in   Galesburs,   111. 

Tunnicliff,  John  J.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Ai)ril  22.  1S79.  in  Galesburg-.  111.,  and  is 
the  son  of  Hon.  John  J.  Tunnicliff.  a  noted 
lawyer  and  at  one  time  mayor  of  (.ialesburg, 
111.  He  was  educated  at  Knox  collese ;  and 
the  university  of  Illinois;  and  has  attained 
success  in  the  practice  of  law.  He  is  now 
a  United  States  referee  in  bankruptcy  for 
the  southern  district,  northern  division  of 
Illinois. 

Tunnicliffe,  Damon  G.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Illinois.  He  died  in  1901  in  Ma- 
comb.   111. 

Tuomy,  Michael,  geologist,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  29.  1808.  in  Ireland. 
He  was  a  professor  of  geology  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Alabama  in  1847-57;  state  geol- 
ogist of  South.  Carolina  in  1844;  and  of 
.\labama  in  1844-57.  He  was  the  author  of 
(;(>ologica!  and  Agricultural  Survey  of  South 
Carolina  :  llcpovt  on  the  Geology  of  South 
Carolina  :  Fossils  of  South  Carolina  ;  anc 
First  and  Second  Biennial  Reports  on  the 
(Jeology  of  .\labania.  He  died  INIarch  30, 
1857.    in    Tuscaloosa,    Ala. 

Tupper,  Benjamin,  soldier,  jurist,  was 
born  in  August,  1738,  m  Stoutiliton,  Mass. 
He  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general 
for  services  in  tlie  revolutionary  war.  He 
was  a  surveyor  of  Ohio  lands  in  1785.  He 
distinguished  himself  in  suppressing  Shay's 
insurrection  ;  and  became  a  judge  of  Ohio 
in  1788.     He  died  in  .Tune,  1792,  in  Ohio. 

Tupper,  Henry  Allen,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born   Feb.  29,  1828,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 
In    1853-72    he    was    pastor    of    the    Baptist 
^  church  of  Washington, 

(Ja.  He  was  secre- 
tary of  the  foreign 
mission  board  of  the 
southern  baptist  con- 
v.Mdion  in  1872-93: 
a  n  d  president  n  n  d 
Irustee  of  the  Wom- 
an's college  of  Rich- 
mond, Vo.  During 
the  civil  war  he  was 
chaplain  of  the  ninth 
Georgia  regiment.  He 
is  the  author  of  For- 
eign Missions  of  Southern  Ba|»tist  Conven- 
tion; .V  Drcade  of  Foreign  Missions;  Truth 
in  Romance;  The  Cari)enl(r's  Son;  First 
Century  of  First  Bai)tist  Church  of  Rich- 
mond. Va. ;  First  Chunh  of  South  Carolina; 
and  .\merican  Baptist  Missions  in  .Vfrica 
He  died  in  1902  in  Richmond,  Va. 

Tupper,  Frederic  Allison,  educator,   poet, 
was  born   Aug.  17,  18G0.  in  llolliston.  Mass. 


He  graduated  from   the  Ro.xbury  law  school 
^  and      from      Harvard 

college.  Since  gradu- 
ation he  has  taught 
svliool  in  Worcester, 
New  Brunswick,  N. 
.1. ;  and  then  was 
principal  of  A  r  m  s 
Mcadeuiy  of  Shclburn 
Falls.  Mass.  He  is 
author  oi  a  volume  of 
poems  entitled  Echoes 
from  Dreamland  ;  and 
his  poems  and  sketch- 
es have  appeared  in 
currant  literature.  Poets  of  America,  and 
other  standard  works.  He  is  also  a  brilliant 
orator  and  has  delivered  addresses  on  piddic 
occasions. 

Tupper,  Henry  Allen,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  Washington.  Ga.  He  is  a 
clergyman  of  the  baptist  church;  and  since 
,1899  has  filled  a  pastorate  in  Brooklyn,  N. 
y.  During  the  Spanish-American  war  he 
held  sjiecial  missions  with  the  title  of  cap- 
tain. He  is  the  author  of  Round  the  World 
with  Eyes  Wide  Open  ;  Columbia's  War  for 
Cuba ;  ITncle  Allen's  Party  in  Palastine; 
and  A  Ray  for  Each  Day  from  tlie  Son  of 
Righteousricss. 

Tupper,  Henry  Marty,  soldier,  educator, 
missionary,  college  president,  was  born  May 
28.  1831,  in  Monson,  Mass.  He  served  in 
the  Mexican  war ;  and  in  the  union  army 
during  the  civil  war  chiefly  in  Virginia  and 
Mississipi)i.  fighting  many  battles  and  doing 
much  chaplain  work.  After  the  civil  war 
he  bec.Muie'  a  missionary  of  the  .\merican 
baptist  home  missionary  society  ;  began  work 
among  the  colored  people  at  Raleigh.  N.C. ; 
and  laid  the  basis  of  the  Shaw  univer.sity, 
of  which  he  was  president.  He  died  Nov. 
11.  1803.  in  Raleigh.  N.C. 

Tupper,  Kerr  Boyce,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  2,  1854,  in  Washington,  Ga. 
He  is  now  pastor  of  the  First  baptist 
(hurch  of  Philadelphia.  Pa.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Gladstone,  and  Other  Addresses; 
Seven  Great  .  L'ghts;  Robertson's  Living 
Thoughls:  and  Popular  Treatise  on  Chris- 
tian   Hajjlism. 

Turchin,  John  Basil,  soldier,  author,  was 
JHirn  Dec.  24.  1S22.  in  Russia.  He  was  a 
l{\issian  soldier  who  came  to  America  in 
18.')();  served  in  the  federal  army  duriugthe 
civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  briga- 
der-general.  In  1873  he  established  the 
Polish  cohmy  of  Itadon.  HI.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Campaign  and  Battl(>  of 
(  hickamauga.  lb'  di.,1  .luii.'  IS,  T.)()l,  in 
Anna.  111. 

Turrell,  Ebenezer,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  i-'eb.  .").  170'2.  in  Boston.  Mass.  In 
1724-78  he  was  a  clergyman  of  Medford, 
.Mass.  He  collected  and  published  poems  by 
his  wife,  with  a  memoir  of  her.  A  tract  of 
his  on   Witchcraft   is  in   the   Massachusetts 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


historical  collections.     He  died  Dec.  8,  1778, 
in  Rledford,  Mass. 

Turell,  Mrs.  Jane,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  25, 
1708,  in  Boston,  j\lass.  .She  was  the  author 
of  eulogies  on  Sir  Richard  Blackmore's  . 
works,  and  on  Tlie  Incomjjarable  Mr.  Wal- 
ler; An  Invitation  into  the  Country  in  Imi- 
tation of  Horace;  and  some  prose  articles. 
Her  poems  were  collected  and  published  by 
her  husband,  with  a  memoir  of  lier  life. 
8he  died  March  2G,  1735,  in  Medford,  Mass. 

Turini,  Giovanni,  sculptor,  was  born  May 
23,  1841,  in  Italy.  In  1867  he  exhibited  a 
group  of  statuary  entitled  Angelica  and 
i\Iedora  at  the  World's  fair  in  ir'aris;  and 
in  1882  he  made  a  bust  of  Leo  XIII  for  the 
Vatican  in  Rome.  The  statue  of  Garibaldi 
erected  in  Washington  square  by  tne  Ital- 
ians of  New  York  City  was  designed  by  him. 
He  died  Aug.  27,  19()(),  in  New  York  City. 

Turk,  Milton  Haight,  educator,  author, 
was  born  June  28,  1800,  in  Norvvalk,  Conn. 
Since  1890  lie  has  been  professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  Hobart  college  of  Geneva,  N.Y.  He 
is  the  author  of  Syllabus  of  English  Litera- 
ture. 

Turley,  John  Alexander,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1801  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  twenty-second  regiment  Ohio 
infantry;  and  in  1805  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  March 
20,  1900. 

Turley,  Thomas  Battle,  soldier,  lawyer, 
United  Slates  senator,  was  born  ^^pril  5, 
1845,  in  MemphiSj  Tenn.  He  served  through 
the  civil  war  as  private  in  the  confederate 
army.  In  1897-1901  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Tennessee. 

TurnbuU,  Charles  Nesbit,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  was  born  Aug.  14,  1832,  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  During  tlie  civil  war  he  served 
at  hrst  on  tlie  staii"  of  (General  Beii.iamin  E. 
Butler  and  in  the  department  of  the  gulf; 
and  in  1803-64  was  with  the  army  of  the 
Botomac.  He  received  his  promotion  as 
ea])tain  of  topographical  engineers  in  1862; 
and  was  transferred  to  the  corps  of  engi- 
neers in  1803.  He  received  the  brevets  of 
major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel  for 
his  services;  and  after  the  yar  served  on 
the  repairs  of  Fort  Hamilton.  He  died  Dec. 
2,   1874,  in  Boston,  i\Iass. 

TurnbuU,  Charles  Smith,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  10,  1847,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1872  he  was  su;geon  to  the 
United  States  geological  survey  in  Wyoming 
and  Montana  territories.  In  1673-74  he  was 
resident  surgeon  of  the  New  York  ophthal- 
mic and  aural  institute;  and  for  ten  years 
was  chief  of  the  aural  dei)artment  of  JelVer- 
son  medical  college  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  now  practicing  as  a  specialist  in  diseases 
of  the  eye  and  ear. 

TurnbuU,  Edwin  Litchfield,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  Nov.  14,  1872,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  organized  and  conducted  the 
Beethoven  terrace  orchestra;  and  has  given 
concerts  in  IJaltimore  and  elsewhere.  Since 
1895    he    hits    been    engaged    in    real    estate 


business.  He  has  arranged  music  for  Love's 
Labor  Lost;  The  Tempest;  and  other 
Shakespearian  performances. 

TurnbuU,  Mrs.  Frances  E.  Hubbard  Litch- 
field, litterateur,  author,  was  born  in  New 
Vork  City.  In  1890  with  her  husband  she 
founded  the  Percy  TurnbuU  memorial  lec- 
tureship of  poetry  in  Johns  Hopkins  uni- 
versity in  memory  of  her  deceased  son.  She 
was  one  of  the  founders  and  for  seven  years 
was  president  of  the  Woman's  literary  club 
of  Baltimore,  Md.  She  is  the  author  of 
Catholic  ilaii,  a  novel  of  which  the  chief 
character  is  a  study  of  Sidney  Lanier,  the 
poet;  Val-Maria,  a  romance  of  the  time  of 
Napoleon;  and  The  Golden  Book  of  Venice, 
a  historical  romance  of  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury in  which  Era  Parlo  Surpi,  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  men  of  any  age,  leads  the 
contest  between  Rome  and  the  Venetian  re- 
l)ublic. 

TurnbuU,  Grace  Hill,  portrait  painter, 
artist.  She  has  exliibited  in  Washington, 
Baltimore,  New  York,  Philadelphia  and 
Chicago.  She  has  just  been  traveling  in 
Sjjain,  and  now  maintains  a  ^temporary 
studio  in  Paris. 

TurnbuU,  Laurence,  physician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  9,  1821,  in  Scotland. 
He  is  an  eminent  physician  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Hints  and  Ob- 
servations on  ^Military  Hygiene;  Imperfect 
Hearing;  Clinical  ^lanual  of  Diseases  of  the 
Ear;  Advantages  and  Disadvantages  of  Ar- 
tificial Anaesthesia;  and  The  Electro-Mag- 
netic Telegraph.  He  died  in  1900  in  Phila- 
(lcl].liia.  Pa. 

TurnbuU,  Robert,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  10,  1809,  in  Scotland.  He  was  a 
baptist  clergyman  of  Hartford  in  1845-69.  He 
was  the  autlior  of  The  Theater;  Olympia  Mo- 
ra ta;  The  Genius  of  Scotland;  The  Genius  of 
Italy;  Pulpit  C)rators  of  France  and  Switz- 
erland ;  The  Student  Preacher ;  Theophany ; 
The  World  We  Live  In;  Life  Pictures;  and 
Christ  in  History.  He  died  Nov.  20,  1877, 
ill  Hartford,  Cimn. 

TurnbuU,  Robert  James,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  .January,  1775,  in  New  Smyrna, 
Fla.  He  was  a  lawyer  and  political  writer 
of  Charleston.  He  "was  the  author  of  A 
Visit  to  the  Philadeljihia  Penitentiary, 
much  noticed  at  the  time  of  its  appearance 
in  1797;  The  Crisis,  a  work  on  nullifica- 
tion; and  The  Principle  of  Dernier  Ressort. 
He  died  June  15.  1833,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 

TurnbuU,  William,  civil  engineer,  was  born 
Oct.  9.  1800,  in  Pliilndelphia,  I'a.  In  1832- 
43  he  was  superintendiu.;;  topo.iiraphical  en- 
gineer of  the  oonsi  ruction  of  the  Putomac 
aqueduct.  He  died  Dee.  9,  1857,  in  Wil- 
niinuton.  N.C. 

TurnbuU,  William  Paterson,  clergyman, 
ornitholo.uist,  author,  was  boni  June  20. 
1830,  in  ScotlMud.  lie  was  the  author  of 
Birds  of  E;ist  Lothian;  and  Birds  of  Eiist 
Pennsylvania  nnd  New  Jersey.  He  died 
July   5.   1871,    in    Philndeljihia,   Pa. 


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507 


Turneaure,  Frederick  Eugene,  educator, 
civil  cimiuecr,  author,  \v;is  bmii  July  30, 
1866,  in  Frceport,  111.  In  1892-1904  he  was 
professor  of  bridge  aud  sanitary  engineering 
at  the  university  of  Wisconsin ;  and  since 
1904  he  has  been  dean  in  thT  (oUoiro  of  en- 
gineerin;:-.  He  is  the  author  of  Theory  and 
I'ractice  of  Modern  Frame  Structures  ;  i'ub- 
lic  Water  Supplies ;  and  Principles  of  Re- 
inforced   Ciiucrelc    Constructions. 

Turner,  Albert,  educator,  journalist,  was 
horn  July  27.  1842.  in  Fair  Haven.  X.J. 
For  thirty  years  ho  was  with  the  publishing 
house  of  Fowler  and  Wells  ;  and  is  now  the 
editor  and  proprietor  of  Health  Culture,  pub- 
lisheil   in    New    i'ork   City. 

Turner,  Archelaus  Ewing,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  bora  April  27,  1861,  near 
Greenville.  111.  He  was  professor  of  natural 
sciences  in  the  Lincoln  university  for  four 
years;  and  in  1888-1900  was  president.  In 
1900-04  he  was  president  of  Waynesbnrg 
college.  Fa.:  and  since  1904  has  been  presi- 
dent of  Trinity  university  at  Waxahachie. 
Texas. 

Turner,  Benjamin  Sterling,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  !)orn  ^{:>rch  17.  1825,  in  Hali- 
fax county,  X.C.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Alabama  to  the  forty-sec- 
ond  congress  as  a   republican. 

Turner,  Charles,  congressman,  Avas  born 
in  1750  in  Massachusetts.  In  1809-13  he  was 
a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
eleventh  and  twelfth  congresses.  He  was  at 
one  time  master  of  the  ^larine  hospital  at 
CliclscM.  He  died  in  1816  in  Chelsea.  Mass. 
Turner,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  in  Mas- 
sachusetts. In  1862  he  was  lieutenant-colo- 
nel in  the  one  hundred  and  eighth  regiment 
Illinois  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
July   13.   1880. 

Turner,  Charles  H.,  merchant,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  26.  1861.  in  Wentworth, 
N.II.  He  moved  to  New  York  in  1879;  and 
engaged  in  the  ice  business  in  New  York 
City.  In  1889-91  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-first  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy. 

Turner,  Charles  Willard,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Fcl).  23.  1844.  in  lioston,  Mass. 
He  is  professor  of  law  and  oonslitntional 
history  in  the  university  of  T.^nnessee.  He 
is  the  author  of  the  Syllabi  of  Work  in 
Evidence.  Insurance  and  l)on\estic  Rela- 
tions. 

Turner,  Charles  Yardley,  artist,  was  born 
Nov.  25.  1850.  in  r.nllimore,  Md.  l\o  -jained 
the  Hallg.Trten  lu-izo  by  the  Courtshii)  of 
.Miles  Standish  in  1883;  nnd  in  1886  be- 
came a  nii-mber  of  the  National  academy  of 
design.  His  works  in  oil  include  The  Grand 
C.'in.il  ai  Dordreclit  ;  The  Days  that  Are  No 
More;  Afternoon  Ti-a  ;  Dorothy  Fox;  and 
Preparing   for   Vcirlv   Meeting. 

Turner,  Columbus  L.,  soldier,  nu'rehant, 
manufin  turer.  state  senator,  was  born  Feb. 
25.  1842.  in  Davie  connly,  N.(-.  He  was 
educated  in  the  pid)lic  scliools :  and  gradu- 
ated   from    the    Oiin    high    school    and    from 


Trinity  college  of  North  Carolina.  During 
the  civil  war  he  was  lieutenant  in  co^npany 
A,  thirty-third  North  Carolina  regiment. 
Until  1894  he  was  engaged  as  a  merchant 
and  cotton  manufacturer  at  Turnersburg 
and  Monbo.  N.C. ;  anil  sJLnce  1887  has  been 
secretary,  treasurer  and  general  business 
manager  of  the  Monbo  manufacturing  com- 
pany, manufacturers  of  cotton  yarns,  cones 
and  skeins.  In  1872-74  he  was  the  repre- 
sentative of  Iredell  county  in  the  North 
Carolina  state  legislature;  and  in  1905-07 
was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina  state 
senate. 

Turner,  Daniel,  naval  ofFicer,  was  born  in 
1794  in  liichmond,  N.Y.  He  was  a  com- 
modore of  the  Brazil  squadron  in  1843-46; 
and  in  1846-49  had  charge  of  the  Portsmouth 
navy  yard.  He  died  Feb.  4,  1850,  in  Phila- 
delphia.  Pa. 

Turner,  Daniel,  soldier,  educator,  state 
legislator,  congressman.  \\as  born  Sept.  26. 
1796,  in  Warren  county,  N.C.  In  1814  he 
was  appointed  a  lieutenant  of  artillery  ;  and 
as  such  served  at  Brooklyn  Heights  and  at 
Plattsburg.  In  1819-23  ho  served  in  the  leg- 
islature of  North  Carolina;  and  in  1827-29 
he  was  a  re])resontative  to  the  twentieth 
congress.  He  subsequently  had  charge  of 
the  Warrenton  female  seminary.  He  died 
July  21,  1860.  on  :\Iare  Island.  Cal. 

Turner,  Daniel  Lawrence,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1869.  in  Ports- 
mouth. Va.  Since  1893  he  has  been  in  active 
practice  as  a  civil  engineer ;  and  since  1901 
has  been  connected  with  Harvard  university. 
He  is  the  author  of  Sketch  and  Note  Book 
for  Stadia   Work. 

Turner,  Douglas  Kellogg,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  17,  1823,  in  Stock- 
bridge,  Mass.  In  1873  he  became  corre- 
sponding secretarj'  and  librarian  of  the 
Presliyterian  historical  society.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  History  of  the  Neshaminy 
church  from  172t;  to  187(5.  He  died  in  1902 
in  Hnrtsvillo,  Pa. 

Turner,  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Nov.  25.  1778.  in  Fairfax  county,  Va.  In 
1803  he  was  api)ointetl  register  in  the  Mis- 
sissippi land  office;  and  in  1811  was  elected 
to  the  state  legislature.  In  1818-22  he  was 
a  member  of  the  lirst  legislative  assem- 
bly under  the  Mississippi  state  government. 
In  1S22  he  was  appointed  judge  of  the 
criminal  court  of  Adams  county;  and  in 
1824-32  and  1840-43  was  judge  of  the  su- 
prenu-  court  of  .Mississipi)i.  In  1834-30  he 
was  chancellor  of  Mississippi;  and  in  1843 
was  chosen  to  the  state  senate.  He  died 
May  23,  IBtiO.  in  Natehez,  Miss. 

Turner,  Mrs.  Eliza  Sproat,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  lS2(i  in  Pennsylvania.  She  is 
the  author  of  ()ut-of-I)oor  Rhymes. 

Turner,  Erastus  J.,  soldier,  lawyer,  legia- 
latiu'.  congiessTuan.  was  born  Dec.  20.  1846, 
in  Loekport.  Pa.  He  enlisted  in  company 
K,  tliirteentfi  Iowa  infantry,  in  l.S(i4,  and 
remained  till  the  close  of  the  civil  war.  He 
moved  to  Kansas  in  1879;   and  was  elected 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


a  member  of  the  legislature,  in  1881,  and 
re-elected  in  1883.  He  was  elected  secre- 
tary of  the  Kansas  board  of  railroad  com- 
missioners in  1883.  In  1887-91  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
congresses  as  a  republican. 

Turner,  Ezekiel  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  May  24,  1825,  in  Putney,  Vt.  In  1853 
he  moved  to  Texas;  and  in  1866  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  district  attorney  for 
the  western  district  of  Texas.  He  became 
attorney-general  of  the  state  under  the  re- 
construction acts;  and  in  1871  was  appoint- 
ed judge  of  the  thirty-second  judicial  dis- 
trict of  the  state,  serving  until  1876.  He 
was  then  elected  judge  of  the  sixteenth  ju- 
dicial district;  and  resigned  in  1880;  and 
in  1880-88  was  United  States  district  judge 
for  the  western  district  of  Texas. 

Turner,  Frederick  Jackson,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  14,  1861,  in  Portage, 
Wis.  He  is  professor  of  American  history 
in  the  university  of  Wisconsin.  He  is  the 
author  of  Rise  of  tlie  New  West. 

Turner,  George,  soldier  jurist,  was  born 
in  1750  in  England.  He  was  a  captain,  and 
commanded  in  South  Carolina;  and  was  dis- 
tinguished at  the  battles  in  that  state.  He 
was  commissioned  judge  of  the  Northwest 
territory  in  1789.  He  died  March  16,  1843, 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Turner,  George,  Uxwyer,  jurist.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Feb.  25,  1850,  in 
Edina,  Mo.  In  1876-80  he  was  United 
States  marshal  for  the  southern  and  middle 
districts  of  Alabama.  He  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  for  the  territory 
of  Washington  in  1884-88;  and  in  1889  was 
a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
which  framed  the  constitution  for  the  state 
of  Washington.  In  1897-1903  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator  from  Washington  as  a 
silver  republican  by  a  fusion  of  silver  re- 
publicans, populists*^  and  democrats.  In  1903 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Alaska  boundary 
tribunal  held  in  London,  England;  and  in 
1909  was  counsel  for  the  United  States  in 
the  Northeastern  fisheries  arbitration  at 
The  Hague. 

Turner,  George  Kibbe,  journalist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  March  23,  1869,  in  Quincy, 
111.  He  has  written  short  stories  for  the 
Atlantic,  McClure's  New  England  and  Black 
Cat;  and  poems  in  Chap  Book.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Taskmasters. 

Turner,  Henry  G.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor congressman,  was  born  March  20,  1839, 
in  Franklin  county,  N.C.  He  engaged  in 
practice  at  Quitman,  Ga.;  and  was  a  presi- 
dential elector  in  1872.  He  was  three  times 
elected  a  representative  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture In  1881-97  he  was  a  representative 
from  Georgia  to  the  forty-seventh  forty- 
ei-hth.  fortv-ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-first,  fifty- 
second,  fifty-third,  and  fiftx-fourth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  . 
"  Turner,  Henry  McNeal,  clergyman  legis- 
lator, bishop,  author,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1834, 


near  Newberry,  S.C.  In  his  youth  he  read 
law;  in  1853  was  licensed  to  preach;  and 
traveled  and  preached  in  South  Carolina, 
Georgia,  Alabama  and  other  southern 
states.  He  subsequently  received  the  de- 
grees of  D.D.  and  LL.D.  During  the  civil 
war  he  was  chaplain  in  the  United  States 
colored  troops^  In  1868  and  1870  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Georgia  state  legislature; 
was  postmaster  of  Macon;  and  since  1880 
has  been  bishop  of  the  American  methodist 
t'piscopal  church,  with  headquarters  at  At- 
lanta. Ga.  He  is  the  author  of  Methodist 
I'olity;  and  Hymn  Book  of  the  American 
Methodist  Episcopal  Church. 

Turner,  Henry  Ward,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  22,  1857,  in  Silver  Lake,  Pa. 
He  was  educated  at  Cornell  university,  and 
at  Leipzig  university;  and  in  1895  gradu- 
ated from  the  Columbian  university  of 
Washington,  D.C.  In  1882-1900  he  was  a 
member  of  the  United  States  geological  sur- 
vey. He  is  now  a  successful  raining  geolo- 
gist and  engineer;  and  a  prominent  member 
of  the  C4eological  society  of  America,  and 
a  member  of  the  California  academy  of  sci- 
ences. He  is  the  author  of  The  Origin  of 
Yosemite  Valley;  folios  on  the  gold  belt  of 
California;  and  valuable  contributions  to 
geologj'  contained  in  the  seventeenth  annual 
report  of  the  United  States  geological  sur- 
vey. _ 

Turner,  Isaac  W.,  pharmacist,  public  offi- 
cial, was  born  April  29,  1854,  in  Montville, 
Conn.  He  received  a  thorough  education; 
and  graduated  from  the  Norwich  free 
academy.  He  is  a  successful  druggist  and 
business  man  of  Mount  Kisco,  N.Y.;  and 
prominentlv  identified  with  the  business  and 
public  afl"a"irs  of  his  city.  For  eight  years 
he  was  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  town  of 
Bedford;  in  1896-1905  was  supervisor  of  the 
town  of  Bedford;  and  in  1904  was  a  candi- 
date for  representative  to  the  Connecticut 
state  legislature,  but  failed  of  election  by^  a 
very  small  margin.  He  was  mayor  of  the 
city  of  Mount  Kisco,  N.Y.,  for  the  term  of 
l!)(')4-06. 

Turner,  James,  soldier.  United  States  sen- 
ator, governor,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1766,  in 
Southampton,  Va.  He  served  in  the  revolu- 
tion as  a  private  soldier.  He  entered  public 
life-in  1800  as  a  member  of  the  legislature 
of  North  Carolina;  in  1802-05  was  the  sixth 
governor:  and  in  1805-17  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  North  Carolina.  He 
died  Jan.  15.  1824,  in  Bloomsbury,  N.C.      _ 

Turner,  James,  congressman,  was  born  in 
J»Iarvland.  In  1S33-37  he  was  a  representa- 
tive "from  Marvland  to  the  twenty-tlnrd  and 
twenty-fourth  consresses.     He  died  in  Mary- 

'  Turner,  James  H.,  soldier,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, collese  president,  was  born  Oct.  23_. 
1841  in  Franklin  county,  Xa.  In  I86I-60 
he  served  in  the  confederate  army;  and  in 
1862  was  mndo  lieutenant.  In  1869  he  be- 
came a  cler-vman  of  the  English  Lutheran 
church.      In    1876-80    he    taught    school    fit 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


509 


Burkettsville,  :Md. ;  and  since  ISSO  has  been 
president  of  the  Maryland  college  for  women. 
Turner,  Jesse,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1878  he 
was  an  as^ociale  justice  of  the  supremo  court 
of  Arkansas. 

Turner,  John  Orman,  educator,  college 
president,  was  horn  Nov.  27,  1850,  in  Greene 
county,   Ala.     He  received   his   education   at 

the  Howard  college. 
from  which  institution 
he  received  the  degree 
of  A.M. ;  the  univer- 
sity 01  Alabama  ;  and 
graduated  from  the 
State  normal  college 
of  Troy  with  the  de- 
gree of  LL.D.  llo. 
has  been  principal  ol 
the  Springy  ille  high 
school ;  president  of 
the  Ashvilie  college  ■ 
county  superintendent 
of  education;  since  3894  has  been  state  su- 
perintendent of  education  for  Alabama  ;  and 
for  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  Dr.  Tur- 
ner had  been  engaged  in  practical  educa- 
tional work.     He   died  in   Ashvilie,  Ala. 

Turner,  John  Wesley,  soldier,  civil  engi- 
neer, was  born  July  19,  1833,  in  Saratoga 
county,  X.Y.  He  was  promote<l  major-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  for  gallant  and  meritori- 
ous service  on  several  occasions  before  the 
enemy ;  and  became  brigadier-general  and 
major-ge:'eral  T'nited  States  army  for  serv- 
ices in  the  field  during  the  rel)ellion.  In 
1877-99  he  was  a  street  commissioner  and 
member  of  the  board  of  miblic  works  of  St. 
Louis.  Mo.  He  died  April  8,  1899.  in  St. 
Louis.  M<i. 

Turner,  Josiah,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1811.  Li  1851-57  he  was  an  associate 
.justice  of  the  suiivcnie  court  of  Michigan. 
He  (li<'<l  April  7.  1907.  in  Owosso.  Midi. 

Turner,  Oscar,  agriculturist,  lawyer,  state 
senator.  <()ni;r('s.sm-in.  was  born  Feb.  3,  1825, 
in  New  Orleans.  La.  Tu  1851-55  he  was 
commonwealth's  attorney  for  Kentucky.  In 
1867-71  he  was  state  senator;  and  in  1879-85 
he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to 
I  lie  forty-sixth,  forty-seventh  and  forty- 
eiy;iith  congresses  as  an  independent  demo- 
crat.    He  died   .Ian.   22.   1896.   in    Louisville. 

K.v. 

Turner,  Oscar,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  <)<t.  19.  1867,  in  Woodlands,  Ky.  He 
studied  law  in  the  university  of  Louisville 
and  at  the  university  of  Virginia.  In  1891 
he  began  the  practice  of  law  at  Louisville. 
Ky.  In  1899-1901  he  was  a  rei)resentative 
from  Kentucky  to  the  fifty-sixth  congress  as 
a  deuincrat.  He  died  in  1902  in  Louis- 
ville.   Ky. 

Turner,  Peter,  naval  onic<'r.  was  lioni 
Feb.  17.  1803,  in  Rhode  Island.  He  was 
placed  on  the  reserved  list  in  1855;  and  was 
on  waiting  orders  until  1861,  when  he  was 
commissioned  conunaiuler.  He  was  croveruor 
of  the  naval  asylum  at  IMiiladelphia  during 
the   civil   war.      lie   was   promoted    to   com- 


modore iu  1862.     He  died  Feb.  19,   1871,  in 
rhiladelphia,   Pa. 

Turner,  Philip,  surgeon,  Avas  born  Feb. 
25.  1740,  in  Norwich,  Conn.  In  1775  he  was 
the  hrst  surgeon  of  the  Connecticut  troops 
before  Boston  ;  and  iu  1776  he  accompanied 
the  continental  arnu^  to  New  York,  attend- 
ing it  at  the  battles  of  Long  Island  and 
White  Plains,  He  was  appointed  surgeon- 
general  of  the  eastern  department  in  1777, 
and  tilled  that  post  with  great  ability  till 
near  the  close  of  the  revolutionary  war.  He 
died  April  20.  1815,  iu  New  York  City. 

Turner,  Robert,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1684 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  I'onnsylvania. 

Turner,  Ross  Sterling,  illustrator,  author, 
was  born  June  29,  1847,  in  Westport,  N.Y. 
He  paints  pictures  in  oil  and  water  colors. 
He  is  the  author  of  Water  Colors,  and  Art 
for  the  Eye  ;  School  Room  Decorations. 

Turner,  Samuel  Epes,  author,  was  born 
in  1846  in  Maryland.  He  was  the  author  of 
A  Sketch  of  the  Germanic  Constitution 
from  Early  Times  to  the  Dissolution  of  the 
Empire.     lie  died  in  1896. 

Turner,  Samuel  Hulbeart,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1790,  in 
Philadelphia,  I'a.  He  was  professor  in  the 
General  theological  seminary  of  New  York 
City  in  1818-61.  He  was  the  author  of  Cona- 
mentaries  on  Hebrews,  Romans,  Ephesians 
and  Galatians.  Other  works  by  him  are. 
Companion  to  the  Book  of  Genesis ;  Thoughts 
on  Scripture  Prophecy  ;  Comparing  Spiritual 
Things  with  Spiritual;  and  Biographical 
Notices  of  Jewish  Kabbis.  He  died  Dec. 
21,   1861,   in   New  York  City. 

Turner,  Smith  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  eougressmau,  was  born  Nov.  21. 
1842.  in  Warren  county,  Va.  He  taught 
mathematics  in  a  female  seminary  at  Win- 
chester for  two  years  after  the  civil  war. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  legisla- 
ture in  1869-1872  ;  and  was  for  a  number  of 
years  prosecuting  attorney  for  Warren  coun- 
ty. In  1893-97  he  was  a  representative  to 
tiie  lifty-third  and  fifty-fourth  congresses  as 
a  democrat.  He  died  in  1898  in  Warren 
county.  Va. 

Turner,  Thomas,  mival  officer,  was  born 
Dec.  2:i,  ISOS,  in  Washington,  D.C.  He 
served  in  the  United  States  navy  in  the 
civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral,  lie  was  retired  in  1870.  after 
forty-live  vears  of  active  service,  lie  died 
March  -Jl.'lSS:}.  iu  (Jlen  Mills,  Pa. 

Turner,  Thomas,  lawyer,  state  legislator 
eongressiiuin.  was  born  Sept.  Id.  1S21,  in 
Kichmond.  Ky.  He  was  commonwealth  at- 
torney in  1846-49;  and  was  a  representative 
in  the  Kentucky  state  legislature  in  1861- 
it'.i.  In  lS77-.si  he  was  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  to  the  forty-lifth  and  forty- 
hixth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  lie  died 
Se]»t.   11,   1900,  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky. 

Turner,  Thomas  G.,  governor.  In  1859- 
lill  he  was  I  lie  twenty  second  governor  of 
Kliode  Island,     lie  died  in   I'vhode  Island. 


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HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Turner,  Thomas  J.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
'egislator,  congressman,  was  born  April  5, 
1815,  in  Trumbull  county,  Ohio.  He  settled 
in  Freeport,  111.;  and  was  made  justice  ot 
the  peace,  which  office  he  held  for  several 
years.  In  1842  he  was  elected  probate  jus- 
tice of  the  peace;  and  in  1844  was  appoint- 
ed postmaster.  In  1845  he  was  chosen 
state's  attorney  for  the  sixth  judicial  dis- 
trict; and  in  1847-49  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  thirtieth  congress.  In  1854  he 
was  a  member  of  the  lower  house  of  the 
legislature,  and  was  chosen  speaker.  He 
died  in  Freeport,  111. 

Turner,  Thomas  Sloss,  journalist,  poet, 
was  born  July  30,  1800,  in  Woodburn,  Ky. 
He  is  the  author  of  Life's  Brevity,  and 
Other  Poems;  Heart  Melodies;  and  A  Dream 
of  Bachelors. 

Turner,  Turner,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  He  was  appointed  from  Ohio  chief 
justice  of  the  United  States  court  for  ti.e 
territory  of  Nevada.  He  died  in  Carson 
City,  Nevada. 

Turner,  William  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Tenns^'lvania.  He  removed  to  Iowa, 
from  whicli  state  he  was  appointed  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  United  States  court  for  the  terri- 
tory of  Arizona.     He  died  in  Arizona. 

Turner,  William  Wadden  philologist,  was 
born  Oct.  23,  181U,  in  London,  England.  In 
1842-52  he  was  professor  of  oriental  litera- 
ture in  Union  theological  seminary  of  New 
York  City;  and  was  then  called  to  Wash- 
ington hj  the  commissioner  of  patents  to 
take  charge  of  the  library  of  that  depart- 
ment. He  was  the  author  of  A  Critical 
Gtrammar  of  the  Hebrew  Language;  and 
several  translations.  He  died  Nov.  29,  1859, 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Turner,  William  Wilberforce,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1830  in  Georgia.  He  is 
the  author  of  Jack  Hopeton,  a  novel. 

Turney,  Hopkins  Lacey,  soldier,  lawyer; 
congres.-^nuvn.  United  States  senator,  was 
born  Oct.  3,  1797,  in  Smith  county,  Tenn. 
In  1828-38  he  served  in  the  Tennessee  legis- 
lature; and  in  1837-43  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Tennessee  to  the  twenty-fifth, 
twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  congresses. 
In  1845-51  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  died  Aug.   1,   1857,  in  Winchester,  Tenn. 

Turney,  Jacobs  lawyer,  state  senator,  con 
gressnum,  was  born  Feb.  18,  1825,  in  Greens- 
burg.  Pa.  He  was  district  attorney  for 
Westmoreland  county  in  1850-58.  He  was 
state  senator  in  1858-GO ;  and  speaker  of 
that  body  in  1859.  In  1875-79  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty- 
fourtli  and  forty-fifth  congresses.  He  died 
Oct.  4,  1891,  in  Greensburg,  Pa. 

Turney,  Peter,  lawyer,  jurist,  governor, 
was  born  Sept.  22,  1827,  in  Jasper,  Tenn. 
In  1870-93  lie  was  judge  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  of  Tennessee;  and  chief  jus- 
tice in  1880.  In  1893-97  he  was  the  twen- 
ty-hfth  governor  of  Tennessee.  He  died 
in    1903    in    Winchester,    Tenn. 


In  l857-bl  he  was  on 
troubles;    and  served 


Turnley,  Parmenas  Taylor,  soldier,  bank- 
er, author,  poet,  was  born  Sept.  6,  1821, 
in  Dandridge,  Tenn.    In    1846  he  graduated 

from  West  Point  mil- 
itary academy ;  and 
as  second-lieutenant 
he  served  throughout 
the  two  years'  war 
with  Mexico.  In  1849- 
55  he  was  on  duty 
with  his  company  on 
the  new  boundary  line 
between  Mexico  and 
the  United  States ; 
and  was  then  trans- 
ferred to  the  quarter- 
master's department, 
dutj^  during  the  Utah 
in  the  civil  war  until 
failing  health  induced  him  to  resign  in  1866 
after  twenty  years  of  service.  For  five 
years  he  was  vice-president  of  the  Trader's 
natiomrl  bank  of  Chicago,  111.  Since  the 
Chicago  fire  he  has  resided  in  Highland 
Park,  111.;  and  has  been  mayor  and  alder- 
man of  that  city.  He  is  the  author  of 
Turnley's    Narrative    From    Diary. 

Turpie,  David,  lawyer,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  July  8,  1829,  in 
Hamilton  countj^  Ohio,  He  was  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1854;  and 
was  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1856.  In 
1853  and  1858  he  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  Indiana;  and  in  1861-63  and 
1887-99  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  general  assembly  in 
1874-75.  In  1878-81  he  was  one  of  the  three 
commissioners  to  revise  the  laws  of  Indiana. 
In  1886-87  he  was  United  States  district 
attorney  for  the   state  of  Indiana. 

Turpin,  Louis  W.,  agriculturist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Feb.  22,  1849,  in  Albemarle, 
Va.  In  1887-89  and  1891-95  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fiftieth,  fifty-second  and 
fifty-third  congresses   as  a   democrat. 

Turrell,  Joel,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1795  in  Vermont.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  state  assembly  from  Oswego 
county  in  1831.  In  1833-37  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
third  and  twenty-fourth  congresses.  He  died 
Dee.   26.   1859.   in  Oswew,   N.Y. 

Turrill,  Henry  Stuart,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Connecticut.  In  1864  he  was  appointed 
assistant  sergeant  in  the  seventeenth  regi- 
ment Connecticut  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
honorably  mustered  out.  In  1875  he  be- 
came assistant  seraeanf  ;  and  in  1905  at- 
tained the  rnnk  of  brigadier-general.  Ho 
died   in  1907. 

Tuthill,  Joseph  H.,  merchant,  congress- 
man, was  born  Feb.  11.  1811,  in  Blooming 
(Jrove.  N.Y'.  He  was  a  merchant  for  thirty- 
i'lVf  years;  president  of  the  Ellen\-ille  glass 
works;  niul  was  clerk  of  I'lster  county  for 
four  years.  In  1871-73  lie  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  forty-second  con- 
gress as  a  democrat.  He  died  July  27,  1877, 
in   Ellenville,  NA". 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


511 


Tuthill,  Mrs.  Louisa  Caroline,  litterateur, 
author,  was  bui'ii  July  6.  1798,  in  New  Ha- 
ven, Conn.  Slio  was  the  author  of  I  Will  Be 
a  (Jeiitlemau  ;  I  Will  Be  a  Ladj' ;  Tales  for 
the  Young ;  True  ^lanliness ;  I  Will  Be  a 
Sailor;  I  Will  Be  a  Soldier;  Onward,  Kighc 
Onward ;  lloniantic  Beliiula ;  and  Aucieut 
Architecture.  She  died  June  1.  1879,  in 
rrinceton,    X.J. 

Tuthill,  Rfchard  Stanley,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Nov.  10.  1811,  in  \'ergeuues, 
111.  He  entered  the  union  army  in  1863; 
and  served  as  a  scout  attaclied  to  the  com- 
mand of  Geueral  John  A.  Logan.  Ho  later 
became  lieutenant  of  battery  H,  lirst  Mich- 
igan light  artillery,  third  division  seven- 
teenth army  corps,  army  of  the  Tennessee. 
In  1875-7G  he  was  city  attorney  of  Chicago. 
111.;  and  in  1884-86  was  United  States  at- 
torney. Since  1887  he  has  been  judge  of  the 
circuit  court  of  Cook  county,  111.  In  1899 
he  was  chosen  by  brother  judges  to  organize 
and  hold  juvenile  court,  the  fame  of  which 
has  extended   throughout   the   world. 

Tuthill,  Selah,  con<iressnuin,  was  born 
in  1775  in  Ulster  county.  N.Y.  He  was 
elected  a  representative  from  Ne.w  York  to 
the  seventeenth  congress,  but  died  before 
taking  his  seat.  He  died  Sept.  2,  1821.  in 
New  York. 

Tuttle,  Albert  Henry,  educator,  naturalist, 
was  born  Nov.  19.  1844,  in  Cu.vahoga  Falls, 
Ohio.  In  1888  he  became  professor  of  biol- 
ogy and  agriculture  in  the  univeisity  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

Tuttle,  Alexander  Harrison,  clergyman, 
author,  was  burn  Feb.  28.  1S44.  in  Borden- 
town,  N.J.  He  gradmited  from  the  Wes- 
ieyan  university  of  Middletown  with  the  de- 
gree of  A.M. ;  and  in  1870  graduated  from 
Drew  theological  seminary  of  Madison,  N.J. 
He  received  the  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  the 
Grant  memorial  university ;  and  received 
the  degree  of  D.D.  from  Syracuse  university 
Since  18G9  he  has  been  a  clergyman  of  the 
methodist  episcopal  church ;  end  has  held 
several  pastorates  in  New  Jersey,  Pennsyl- 
vania and  Maryland.  He  has  been  m.in- 
ager  of  the  board  of  missions  in  the  method- 
ist episcopal  church;  and  a  trustee  of  the 
Drew  theological  seminary.  He  is  now  pas- 
tor of  the  methodist  episcopal  church  at 
Summit.  X.J.  He  is  the  ainlior  of  The 
Jew;  Analysis  of  Uomans ;  Tlie  Young  Man; 
Safe  and  Sure;  and  other  work*. 

Tuttle,  Cnarles  Richard,  author,  ixxt.  He 
is  the  author  ol'.  (Jeni'ral  History  of  Michi- 
gan; Border  Wnrs  of  Two  Centuries;  His- 
tory of  Indiana  ;  History  of  Canada  ;  History 
of  Wisconsin;  and  The  Boss  D.-vil  of  .\mer- 
ica. 

Tuttle,  Charles  Wesley,  astronomer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Xovember,  1829.  in  Xew- 
lield,  Maine.  His  leisnre^  was  devoted  to 
historical  and  antiquarian  researcii ;  and  he 
won  a  high  reptitalion  as  an  original  investi- 
gator. He  was  the  author  of  a  monograph 
on    Captain   Jolni    Mason,    the    Founder    of 


Xew  Hampshire.  He  died  July  17,  1881,  in 
Boston.   Mass. 

Tuttle,  Daniel  Sylvester,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Jan.  26.  18S7,  in  Windham,  N. 
Y.      He   was  educated   in   the   ivablic  schools 

of  Windliam,  X.Y'. ; 
at  the  academy  of 
Delhi,  X.Y. ;  '  and 
graduated  tiom  Col- 
u  m  b  i  a  college  aiul 
Iroiu  the  general  the- 
ological- seminary  of 
Xew  York.  For  years 
he  has  been  active  in 
the  discussion  of  the 
uiornion  question  in 
,^^^^^  Utah.  In  1807  he  was 
^2_  J^^m     consecrated        mission 

~  ary   bishop   of   ilonta- 

na.  Utah  and  Idaho.  He  took  up  his  resi- 
dence at  Salt  Lake  City  in  1869.  On  the 
death  of  Bishop  Robertson,  of  Mis.souri  in 
1886  he  consented  to  be  translated  to  the  see 
of  Missouri :  and  since  1903  has  been  presid- 
ing bishop. 

Tuttle,  David  Kitchell,  educator,  chemist, 
author,  was  born  Sei)t.  19.  1835.  in  Whip- 
pany.  X.J.  Since  1888  he  has  been  coiuiect- 
ed  with  the  Philadelphia  mint.  He  is  the 
author  of  (^hialir:',!  i\-e   .\nalysis. 

Tuttle,  Emma  Rood,  U'cturer.  author,  was 
born  July  21.  1839.  in  Braceville.  Ohio.  She 
is  now  engaged  i'l  educational  and  reform 
work  ;  and  originated  the  Angell  prize  com- 
petition of  oratory  for  diffusion  of  luimane 
education.  She  is  the  author  of  Blossoms 
of  Our  Spring;  Jazelle ;  From  Soul  to  Soul, 
Poems  :  the  song  entitled  The  Unseen  City  ; 
aiul  the  prose  works.  The  Lyceum  (iuide; 
and   Stories  for  Our  Children. 

Tuttle,  George  Marvine  pliysician.  author, 
was  horn  Sept.  21.  1SG6.  iti  Morris.  X.Y. 
He  is  iirofe.ssor  of  clinical  pediatrics  in  the 
medical  de])artment  of  Washington  univer- 
sity. He  is  the  author  of  Manual  of  Dis- 
eases of  Children. 

Tuttle,  Hiram  Americus,  merchant,  baidc- 
er,  legislator,  governor,  was  born  Oct.  16, 
1837,  in  Barnstead.   X.II.     For  many   years 

he  has  been  a  suc- 
I  cessful  clothing  mer- 
I  chant  in  Pittsfield,  N. 
11.:  and  has  large 
real  estate  and  lum- 
ber interest  s.  In 
1873-74  he  was  a  riiem- 
ber  of  the  Xew  Hamp- 
shire state  legislature  ; 
in  1876  was  on  the 
i  s  t  a  IT  of  Governor 
Cheney,  with  rank  of 
••oloiiel.  In  1878-80 
he  was  a  member  of 
the  execnti\('  eonn<il  ;  and  in  1888  was  a 
(leli'i;ate-al-large  to  the  national  <-onven(ion. 
In  1890-91  he  served  with  distinction  as 
governor  of  Xew  Hampshire.  He  is  presi- 
dent  of   the   Pittslield   savings   bank;    pres]- 


512 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


dent  of  the  Manchester  savings  bank  ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Suncook  Valley  I'ailroad  ;  and  a 
director  in  the  Concord  and  Montreal  rail- 
road and  in  various  other  corporations. 

Tuttle,  Herbert,  educator,  author,  was 
born  JSiov.  29,  18-lG,  in  Bennington,  Vt.  He 
was  a  professor  at  Cornell  university  in  1881- 
94  ;  occupying  the  chair  of  modern  European 
history  in  1891-94.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  History  of  Prussia;  and  German  Po- 
litical Leaders.  He  died  June  21,  1894,  in 
Ithaca,  N.Y. 

Tuttle,  Horace  Parnell,  astronomer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  March  24,  1839,  in  New- 
field,  Maine.  In  1861  he  devised  a  metliod 
of  signaling  at  long  distances  by  using 
flashes  made  by  a  Drummond  light,  to  cor- 
respond with  the  dots  and  dashes  of  the 
Morse  telegraph  system.  He  invented  thor- 
ite. He  discovered  thirteen  comets  in  1857- 
66  ;  and  in  1861-62  the  asteroids  Maia  and 
Clytie.  He  became  assistant  computer  in 
the  United  States  naval  observatory.  He 
died  Oct.  9.  1901,   in  Tacoma,   Wash. 

Tuttle,  Hudson,  litterateur,  author,  was 
horn  Oct.  4,  1836,  in  Berlin  Heights,  Ohio. 
He  is  a  spiritual  medium  of  Berlin  Heights, 
Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  Life  in  the 
Spheres ;  Arcana  of  Nature ;  Career  of  the 
God  Idea  ;  Career  of  the  Christ  Idea  ;  Career 
of  Religious  Ideas ;  Origin  and  Develop- 
ment of  Man;  Clair,  a  Tale;  Camile,  or 
Love  and  Labor;  Heloise  ;  Love  or  Keligion  ; 
and    Arcana   of    Si>iritualism. 

Tuttle,  James  Madison,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  24,  1823.  in  Summerfield,  Ohio.  At 
the  opening  of  the  civil  war  he  joined  the 
second  Iowa  regiment  as  a  captain  ;  and  be- 
came successively  lieutenant-colonel  and 
colonel.  For  his  services  in  rhese  battles  he 
was  promoted  brigadier-general  in  1862.  He 
died  Oct.  24,  1892.  in  Casa  Grande,   Ariz. 

Tuttle,  Joseph  Farrand,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  March  12, 
1828.  in  Bloomlield,  N.J.  He  was  president 
of  Wabash  college  from  1862  for  about  thii- 
ty  years  ;  and  is  now  president  emeritus.  He 
is  "the  author  of  Life  of  William  Tuttle; 
The  Way  Lost  and  Found  ;  and  Annals  of 
Morris  County.  N.J.  He  died  June  8,  1901. 
in  Crawfordsville,   Ind. 

Tuttle,  Lucius,  railroad  president,  was 
burn  ]\Iarch  11.  1846,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
Since  1893  be  has  been  president  of  the  Bos- 
ton and  Maine  railroad  ;  and  since  1896  has 
been  president  of  the  INIaine  central  railroad. 
Tuttle,  Mrs.  Mary  McArthur  Thompson, 
artist,  author,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1849.  She 
is  a  portrait  and  landscape  painter;  and  in 
1895-96  she  lectured  on  color  before  schools, 
colleges  and  literary  clubs.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Family  Records  in  Ilillsboro  Crusade 
Sketches  ;  The  Mother  of  An  Emperor  ;  and 
Tvpes  of   :\Ii'n   and   Women. 

Tuttle,  William  Edgar,  connressman, 
lumlK-rman.  was  born  Dec.  10,  1870.  iu 
llorscbcads,  N.Y.  He  engaged  in  the  lum- 
ber business.     In  1911-15  he  was  a  represen- 


tative   to    the    sixty-second    and    sixty-third 
congresses. 

Tutwiler,  Henry,  educator,  founder,  was 
born  Nov.  16,  1807,  in  Harrisonburg,  Va. 
In  1847  he  established  at  Greene  Springs, 
Ala.,  a  high  school  for  boys  and  young  men, 
where  he  continued  with  great  success  until 
his  death.  He  was  frequently  offered  the 
presidency  of  the  university  of  Alabama  and 
similar  institutions.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  discoverers  in  America  of  the  wonderful 
temporary  star  T  Coronse  Borealis.  He  died 
Sept.   22,   1884,   in   Greene   Springs,   Ala. 

Twachtman,  John  Henry,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Aug.  4j  1853,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
In  1888  he  gained  the  Webb  prize  for  his 
Windmills,  which  now  belongs  to  Smith  col- 
lege of  Northampton,  Mass.  Other  works 
by  him  are  Winter ;  The  Pond ;  and  On  the 
Seine.  He  died  Aug.  8,  1902,  in  New  York 
City. 

Tweed,    Charles    A.,    lawyer,   jurist,    was  > 
])orn  in  Massachusetts.     He  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia ;  and  in  1870  was  appointed  an  asso- 
ciate justice   of   the   supreme   court   for   tire 
territory  of  Arizona,  residing  at  Yuma. 

Tweed,  William  Marcy,  manufacturer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  April 
3,  1823,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  an  al- 
derman in  New  York  City  in  1852 ;  and  in 
1853-55  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thir- 
ty-third congress.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
state  board  of  education  in  1857  ;  and  was  a 
supervisor  of  New  York  county  in  1858.  He 
was  a  state  senator  in  1867.  He  died  April 
12,  1878.  in  New  York  City. 

Tweeddale,  William,  civil  engineer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  May  18,  1823,  in  Scotland. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Troy  polytechnic  in- 
stitute. At  the  opening  of  the  civil  war  he 
raised  a  company  for  an  engineer  regiment; 
and  was  mustered  in  as  first  lieutenant ;  and 
successively  served  as  a  captain,  major  and 
lieutenant  colonel.  He  served  in  New  Mad- 
rid, Corinth,  Vicksbnrg,  Georgia,  and  in  the 
march  to  the  sea  campaign.  Ho  was  en- 
gaged in  the  engineering  operations  against 
New  Madrid,  which  resulted  in  its  capture  ; 
and  cut  a  passage  for  a  fleet  of  transports 
across  the  lower  end  of  island  number  eight. 
He  invented  the  chemico-electro-physi<al 
process  for  softening  and  purifying  public 
and  private  water  supplies  for  industrial 
uses.  lie  died  Nov.  4,  1900,  in  Topeka.  Kan. 
Tweedy,  Frank,  civil  engineer,  author,  was 
born  June  12,  1854,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1875-79  he  was  engineer  on  the  New  York 
state  Adirondack  survey  ;  and  since  1884  has 
been  topographer  in  the  United  States  geo- 
logical survey.  lie  is  the  author  of  Flora 
of  the  Yellowstone. 

Tweedy,  John  H.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Comiecticut.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
first  constitutional  convention  of  Wisconsin 
territory  in  1846;  and  in  1847-49  he  was  a 
delegate  from  Wisconsin  to  the  thirtietf. 
territorial  congress.  He  died  Nov.  12,  1891, 
in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


513 


Tweedy,  Samuel,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Conni'fliciit.  in  1S33-35  he  was  a  i-';i}io- 
sentativc  from  Connocticut  to  the  twt-nty- 
tliinl  congress.     He  died  in  Connecticut. 

Twells,  Julia  Helen,  novelist,  autlior.  Slie 
is  the  aulhoi-  oL'  A  Tiiiiinph  01  Destiny;  and 
By  tlie  Higher  Law. 

Twibill,  George  W.,  artist,  was  born  in 
1806,  in  Lnmpetei',  I'a.  The  National  acad- 
emy owns  his  pcrtiait  of  Jolm  Tnimbiill  : 
and  in  the  New  York  liistorical  society  liangs 
the  portrait  of  Fitz-Greene  Halleck.  He  died 
Feb.  15.  1S36.  in  New  York  City. 

Twichell,  Ginery,  public  olhcial,  congress- 
man, was  born  Auj?.  26.  1811.  in  Athol. 
Mass.  lie  was  interested  in  the  carrying  of 
mails  and  in  stage  coaches ;  and  was  engaged 
in  railroading.  In  1867-73  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts  to  the  fortieth, 
forty-lirst  and  forty-second  congresses  as  a 
republican.  He  died  July  23,  1883,  in  Brook- 
line,  Mass. 

Twichell,  Joseph  Hopkins,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  M;;y  27,  1838,  in  Southing- 
ton.  Conn.  In  1861-64  he  was  chaplain  in 
the  United  States  volunteers  in  the  civil 
war.  Since  1865  he  has  been  pastor  of  the 
Asylum  Hill  congregational  church  of  Hart- 
ford, Conn.  He  is  the  author  of  Life  of 
John  Winthrop ;  and  Some  Old  Puritan  Love 
Letters. 

Twigg,  John,  clergyman,  bishop.  In  1886 
lie  became  Rouiau  catholic  bishop  of  Pitts- 
l)iirgii.   Pa. 

Twiggs,  David  Emanuel,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1790,  in  Kiehmond  cuimly,  Ga.  Ho  was 
a  major  at  the  close  of  tiie  v\ar  of  1812; 
and  was  retained  in  the  army.  He  was 
l)revetted  major-general  after  the  battle  of 
Monterey ;  and  for  his  gallantry  there  he 
rec-eived  a  gift  of  a  sword  from  congress. 
Uc  di<'d  Sept.  15.  1862,  in  Augusta,  (ia. 

Twining,  Alexander  Catlin,  civil  enj^ineer, 
matiiemalician,  was  Iioin  July  5,  1801,  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.  He  claimed  to  have 
first  establishf-d  the  tlieory  of  tlic  cosmical 
origin  of  meteors,  and  was  devoted  to  ab- 
struse problems  in  higher  mathematics.  He 
was  the  author  of  pajjers  on  the  doctrine  of 
parallels  and  otiiar  points  in  mathematics. 
He  di<'d  Nov.  22.  1884,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 
Twining,  Thomas  J.,  manufacturer,  finan- 
cier, genealogist,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1851,  in 
Huntington,    Ind.      He    received    a    tiiorough 

e  d  u  c  a  t  i  o  n  in  the 
schools  of  Indiana ; 
and  has  been  an  ar- 
d.'Mit  reader  and  stu- 
•  leiit  of  genealogical 
works.  For  twenty- 
live  years  he  was  en- 
gaged in  llip  wagon 
and  carriage  business; 
and  is  now  a  real  es- 
tate and  loan  agent 
')f  Fort  Wayne.  Ind. 
lie  is  prominent  in 
the  l)usiness  and  pub- 
lic alTairs  of  INu  t  Wavm-  and  is  well  known 


Twitchell, 

banker,   was 
Maine.      He 


in  nortlieni  IiidLiua  as  a  sviccessful  business 
man.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Twining  Ge- 
nealogy. 

Twiss,  Stephen  P.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
leaislaKu-.  was  horn  .May  2.  1827,  in  Charl- 
ton. .Mass.  lie  was  in  the  Massachusetts 
state  legishiture  in  1857;  and  was  city  sol- 
icitor of  Worcester  in  1863-64.  In  1865  he 
moved  to  Kansas  City,  Mo. ;  and  was  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  state  legislature.  He  was 
city  counselor  in  1878-79  ;  and  in  1880  was 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  territory  of  Utah. 

Albert  S.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
born  Sept.  16,  1840,  in  Bethel, 
served  with  distinction  in  the 
seventh  regiment 
Maine  light  battery  as 
quartermaster  s  e  r- 
geant  dui'ing  the  civ- 
il war;  and  became 
one  of  the  foremost 
lawyers  of  New  Eng- 
land at  Gorham,  N. 
II.  He  has  been  rail- 
road commissioner  for 
New  Hampshire ; 

president  of  the  New 
Hampshire  •  veterans' 
association  ;  judge  ad- 
vocate department  New  Hampsliire  grand 
army  of  the  republic;  United  States  consul 
at  Santiago  de  Cuba  ;  and  president  of  the 
.*<avin!j;s  bank  of  Gorham.  He  died  Sept.  12, 
1901,   in   Gorham.   N.Il. 

Twombly,  Alexander  Stevenson,  clergy- 
man, autlior.  was  Ijorn  March  14,  1832,  in 
Boston,  ^lass.  He  has  filled  pastorates  in 
the  congregational  church  ;  and  tilled  a  pas-, 
torate  in  Boston  in  1872-91.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  tiie  associated  charities  of  Newton, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  .Merry  Maple 
Leaves ;  and  other  works.  He  died  in  1907 
in    Newton.    ]\lass. 

Tybout,  Ella  Middleton  Maxwell,  littera- 
teur, antlnu',  was  hovn  near  New  Castle,  Uel. 
She  is  the  aiithiu-  of  I'oketown  People;  The 
Wife  of  the  Secretary  of  State;  and  The 
Smuggler. 

Tydings,  Richard,  eUugyman,  author,  was 
i>orii  .Tune  16.  1783.  in  .\i)ne  Arundel  county. 
Md.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Louisville 
(onference  at  the  time  of  his  deatb.  He 
was  the  author  of  Apostolical  Succession. 
He  died  Oct.  3.  1865,  in  Bullitt  couidy.  Ky. 
Tyler,  Asher,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
1  urn  May  10.  1798,  in'  Bridgew'ater,  N.Y.  He 
was  a  r.'i)reseutative  from  New  Y'ork  to  th.e 
twciily-eiglith  congress.  He  subseciuently 
settled  in  I';i:iiiia.  where  he  was  extensively 
identified  with  railway  oi)erations.  He  died 
in    Aii'-'usf.    1S7.">.    in   Eliiiira.   N.Y. 

Tyler,  Dayard,  Henry,  ])ainter,  artist,  was 
l(M-n  in  1855  in  Oneida,  .\.Y.  He  has  paint- 
o<l  iiort raits  of  I'x-Piesident  Theodore  Koos- 
cveit.  .Vdmiial  W.  H.  Brownson.  J.  J.  .\1- 
briiiht.   and   other  proiniiieiit  i>eople. 

Tyler,  Benjamin  Bushrod,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior.   was    Ixun    .Vpril    9.    1844,    in    Decatur, 


514 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


111.     He  was  eclueated  in  the  collfge  of  Lu- 

reka.  I! I.:  and  in  1891 
received  the  honorary 
degree  of  D.D.  from 
Drake  univerbiry  of 
Iowa.  He  has  filled 
pastorates  in  the 
christian  d  i  s  c  i  p  1  e  j 
clnirches  of  Charles- 
ton, TIL.  Terre  Haute, 
Ind.,  Frankfort  and 
liouisville,  Ky.,  New 
York  CUy;  and  is 
now  pastor  of  the 
south  Broadway  cliris- 
tian  church  of  Denver,  Col.  He  is  now  an 
editor  t.n  the  Christian  Evangelist  of  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  He  is  the  autlior  of  The  Way 
of  Sahation;  History  of  the  Disciples  of 
Christ ;  and  The  recu.liarities  of  the  Dis- 
ciples. 

Tyler,  Bennet,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  10.  1783.  in  ^Nliddleburv,  Conn.  He 
was  president  of  Dartmouth  college  in  1822- 
28 ;  and  subsequently  minister  at  Portland, 
Maine.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
New  Haven  Theology ;  The  Sufferings  of 
Christ ;  New  England  Revivals ;  and  Lec- 
tures on  Christian  Nurture.  He  died  May 
14,  1858,  in   South  Windsor,  Conn. 

Tyler,  Charles  Humphrey,  soldier,  was 
liorn  in  1826  in  Virginia.  He  entered  the 
confederate  service;  became  a  biigadier-gen- 
eral ;  and  was  killed  in  battle  at  West  Point. 
Ga.  He  died  Aitril  IT,  1865,  in  West 
Point,  Ga. 

Tyler,    Charles    Mellen,    educator,    clergy- 
man, legislator,  authoi'.  was  born  in  1832,  in 
,  Lemington.    :Maine.      In    1885    he    graduated 

from  ypAc  university 
and  subsecjucntly  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
\M.  and  D.D.  from 
thai  institution.  For 
nine  years  he  was  pas- 
tor of  a  congregation- 
al church  at  Natick. 
Mass.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts legislature  in 
1861-62 ;  an  oHuer  in 
tlie  civil  war;  and 
since  1891  professor 
philosophy  of  religion  at 
nov,-  being  professor 
emeritus.  He  i>^  the  author  of  Bases  of  lie- 
lipious  Belief.   Historic  and   Ideal. 

Tyler,  Daniel,  soldier,  civil  engineer,  was 
1  orn  Jan.  7,  1799,  in  Brooklyn,  Conn.  He 
became  ( olonel  of  the  first  regiment.  Con- 
necticut voluiiti'iM's  ;  was  promoted  to  briga- 
dier-geuernl  :  and  commanded  at  Harper's 
Ferry  when  the  confederate  army  invaded 
Peniisylvania.  He  died  Nov.  30.  1882.  in 
New   Yoik   <'ity. 

Tyler,  David  Gardiner,  soldier,  state  sen- 
ator, congrcssinau,  was  i)orn  .Tuly  12,  1846. 
in  East  llamiiton.  Long  Island.  N.Y.  In 
1863-65   he   siTved    in    the   confedi-rate   army. 


of   the   historx    and 
Correll      uni\ersity, 


111  1884-87  he  was  director  on  board  of  state 
lunatic  asylum  at  ^Mlliamsburg,  Va. ;  was 
visitor  of  William  and  Mary  college :  and 
was  presidential  elector  in  1888  on  the  demo- 
cratic ticket.  He  was  state  senator  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1891-92;  and  in  1893-97  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fifty-third  and  lifty- 
fouith  congresses.  In  1899  he  again  became 
state  senator  for  a  term  of  four  years. 

Tyler,  Erastus  B.,  soldier,  was  born  April 
24,  1822.  in  West  Bloomfield,  N.Y.  He  was 
commissioned  colonel  of  the  .seventh  Ohio 
volunteers  in  1861;  and  in  1862  was  made 
brigadier-general.  He  died  Jan.  9,  1891,  in 
Calverton.   Md. 

Tyler,  Harry  Walter,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  16.  I860,  in  Ipswich,  Mass. 
He  has  been  secretary  and  head  of  the  dt- 
partment  of  mathematics  of  the  Massachu- 
setts institute  of  technology.  He  is  the  au 
thor  of  Entertainments  in  Chemistry. 

Tyler,  James  Gale,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Feb.  15.  1855.  in  Oswego,  N.Y.  His 
works  include  the  paintings  Abandoning  the 
Jeanette ;  The  Fortune  of  War  ;  First  Amer- 
i(  an   Shipwreck  ;   and  Cloud  Burst. 

Tyler,  James  Hoge,  soldier,  farmBr,  state 
senator,  governor,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1846. 
in  Caroline  county,  Va.  He  served  as  pri- 
vate in  the  confederate  army.  In  1877  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  state  senate. 
In  1889  he  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Vir- 
ginia; and  in  1897-1901  was  the  thirty- 
eighth    governor   of    Virginia. 

Tyler,  James  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  April  27.  1835.  in  Wilming- 
ton. Vt.  He  atlt>nded  Bratileboro  academy 
of  Vermont  :  and  in  1S60  graduated  from  the 
Albany  law  school.  In  1863-65  he  was  a 
representative  in  the  Vernumt  state  legisla- 
ture. In  1864-S7  he  practiced  law  in  Brat- 
tleboro.  Vt. :  and  in  1867-68  was  states  at- 
torney for  Windham  county,  A't.  In  1877- 
81  he  was  a  member  of  the  forty-sixth  and 
forty-seventh  congresses  from  Vermont  as  a 
republican.  Since  1887  he  has  been  asso- 
(iate  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Vermont. 

Tyler,  John,  tenth  president  of  the  United 
Stales,  vi<  ('-president  of  the  United  States, 
congressman.     I'liited     States     senator,     was 

born  March  29,  1790, 
in  Charles  City  coun- 
ty, Va.,  and  at  the 
age  of  seventeen  he 
graduated  at  William 
and  Mary  college.  At 
the  age  of  nineteen  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  and  at  the  age 
uf  twenty-one  (1811) 
he  was  elected  to  the 
Virginia  legislature ; 
and  held  the  office 
"^  ''  (i\e     successive     yeai'S 

In  1813  he  married  Miss  Letitia  Christian. 
She  died  in  1842 ;  and  in  1844  he  married 
Miss  Julia  (^irdiner.  In  1815-21  he  was  a 
representative    to     the     fourteenth,     fifteenth 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


515 


and  sixteenth  conj^resses.  In  1823  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  tlie  state  lejiishiturc ; 
and  in  1825-27  was  governor  of  Vir^iinia.  In 
1827-29  and  1831-37  he  was  United  States 
senator.  In  1838  he  wa.s  again  elected  to 
the  state  legislatnre  ;  and  in  1841-45  he  was 
vice-president  of  the  United  States.  Upon 
the  death  of  I'resident  Harrison,  in  accord- 
ance with  Article  III  of  the  coustitntion ; 
he  became  president  of  the  United  States. 
Mr.  Tyler  was  at  his  residence  in  Virginia 
when  Mr.  Harrison  died  (April  4),  but 
reached  Washington  and  took  the  oath  of 
office  April  6.  J 841.  At  the  close  of  his  of- 
ficial term  (March  4.  1845)  he  retired  to 
his  estate  on  James  river,  and  died  Jan.  17, 
1862.  He  was  a  member  of  the  confederate 
congress  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Tyler 
held    oHico   twenty-seven   years. 

Tyler,  John,  lawyer,  legislator,  jurist,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  Feb.  28.  1747,  in  .James  ("ity 
county.  Va.  He  was  a  captain  of  militia; 
in  1778  a  member  of  Virginia  legislature ; 
and  speaker  in  1781.  In  1786  he  was  ad- 
miralty judge;  and  for  twenty  years  was 
judge  of  the  Virginia  supreme  court,  during 
1788-1808.  He  was  the  eighth  governor  of 
Virginia  in  1808-11.  He  died  Jan.  6.  1813. 
Tyler,  Jorn  Mason,  educator,  author,  was 
i)()rn  :\Iay  18.  1851,  in  Amlierst.  Mass.  He 
is  a  professor  of  biology  at  Amherst  college. 
He  is  the  author  of  Whence  and  Whither  of 
.Man  :   and   (Jrowth  and   Education. 

Tyler,  Joseph,  clergyman,  author,  was 
a  cuiigirujiiional  missionary  in  South  Africa 
for  forty  years ;  and  for  the  last  ten  years  of 
his  life  a  resident  of  St.  .Tohnsbury.  Vt.  He 
was  the  author  of  Forty  Years  Among  the 
Zulus.  Ill'  (lird  in  1895  ii>  St.  Johnsbury.  Vt. 
Tyler,  Lyon  Gardiner,  journalist,  author, 
legislator,  was  born  in  August,  1853,  in 
Cliarles  City  county,  Va.  In  1887  he  was  a 
Mifinber  of  the  Virginia  state  legislature  from 
Ui<  hmond.  He  has  been  president  of  Wil 
Ham  and  Mary  college  since  1888.  He  is 
the  autlior  of  The  Letters  and  Times  of  The 
'{"ylcrs;  I'arties  and  Patronage  in  the  Unit- 
ed Stntes  ;  and  The  Cradle  of  the  K(Miid)lic. 
He  is  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  William 
nnd    Mary   College   Historical   Magazine. 

Tyler,  Mason  Whiling,  soldier,  lawyer, 
was  born  in  Amherst.  Mass.  Entering  the 
thirty-seventli  regiment  Mas.sachusetts  voi- 
iMiteers  in  j862  as  second  lieutenant,  he 
served  through  the  civil  war.  Since  1880  he 
has  been  jjresidenl  of  the  board  of  directors 
of  the  public  library  of  IMainiield,  X.J. 

Tyler,  Moses  Coit,  educator,  author,  was 
born  .\ug.  2.  1835.  in  (Jriswold.  Conn.  He 
was  i)rofessor  of  ICnglish  language  and  lit- 
erature in  the  university  of  Michigan  in 
1867-81.  He  has  l)een  a  profes.sor  of  Amer- 
ican history  at  Cornell  iniiversity  since  1881. 
In  1860-81  he  was  a  meudier  of  the  congre- 
gational ministry.  Hi-  is  the  author  of  His- 
tory of  American  Literature  During  the 
Colonial  IVriod.  1606-1765;  The  Rrawnvillo 
Tapers:  Life  of  Patrick  Henry;  Three  Men 
of    Letters;    The    Literary    History    of    the 


American  Uevolutiou  ;  Manual  of  English 
Literature:  and  (ilimpses  of  England.  He 
(lied   in    1900   in    Ithaca,   N.Y. 

Tyler,  Odette,  actress,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  26.  1860.  in  Savannah.  Ga.  Her  real 
name  was  origiiuilly  Elizabeth  Lee  Kirk- 
land,  daughter  of  General  W.  \\.  Kirkland 
of  the  confederate  army.  She  is  a  success- 
ful comedienne  under  Daniel  Frohman's 
management;  later  in  Minnie  Maddern's,  in 
Charles  Frohman's  and  other  companies. 
She  is  tile  author  of  Boss,  a  story  of  \'n- 
ginia  life. 

Tyler,  Ransom  Hebbard,  lawyer,  banker, 
author,  was  bui'u  Nov.  IS.  1813.  in  liCyden, 
Mass.  He  was  a  lawyer  and  bank  president 
of  Fulton.  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Bible  and  Social  Keforni  ;  American  Ec- 
clesiastical Law  ;  Commentaries  on  the  Law 
of  Infancy  and  Covertures;  Ejectment  and 
Adverse  Enjoyment ;  Usury ;  Pawns  and 
Loans ;  Fixtures ;  and  Boundaries,  Fences, 
and  Window  Lights.  He  died  Nov.  27,  1881, 
in    Fuilun.    N.Y. 

Tyler,  Robert,  lawjer,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  1818.  in  New  Kent  county.  Va. 
He  was  a  lawyer  of  I'hiladelphia  ;  and  after 
the  ci\il  war  a  journalist  in  Montgomery, 
Ala.  He  was  the  author  of  Ahasuerus,  a 
I'oem ;  Death,  a  Poem ;  and  Is  Mrginia  a 
Kepudiating  State V  He  died  Dec.  3,  1877,  in 
Montgomery.  Ala. 

Tyler  Robert  Ogden,  soldier,  was  born 
Dec.  22.  1831.  in  Greene  county,  N.Y.  He 
.served  in  the  civil  war;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  After  the  war  he 
served  as  chief  in  the  quartermaster's  de- 
partment successively  at  Charleston,  Louis- 
ville. San  Francisco,  New  York  City  and 
Boston.  He  died  Dec.  1.  1874.  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Tyler,  Royall,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
born  July  18.  1757.  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Vermont  from  1800.  He  was  the  author  of 
Reports  of  A'ermont  Supreme  Court  Cases; 
The  <"'ontrast,  a  brilliant  comedy,  the  first 
American  idav  acted  by  regular  comedians, 
and  the  earliest  in  wiiich  Yankee  dialect  is 
employed:  May  Day,  a  comedy;  The  Geor- 
gia Speculator,  oi  Land  in  the  Moon  :  The 
Algerine  Cajitive;  floral  Tales  for  American 
Youths;  and  The  Yankey  in  London.  He 
died  Aug.  16,  1826,  in  Bratileboro,  Vt. 

Tyler,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  author  was 
born  Oct.  22.  1S09.  in  Princ"  (Jiorge  county, 
.M(i.  In  1867-78  he  was  professor  of  law  in 
C<)luud)ian  <ollege  of  Washington.  D.C.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Progress  of  Philo.so- 
jihy  :  Discourse  on  the  Baconian  Piiiios()i)hy  ; 
liurns  as  a  Poet  and  as  a  .Man  ;  .Memoir  of 
Chief  Justice  Taney;  an"d  Connuentary  on 
the  I..aw  of  Partin-rship.  He  died  Dec.  15. 
1878.    in    (J  cornet  own.    D.C. 

Tyler,  W.  D.,  railroad  president,  was  born 

Jan.   12,   1819.  in  Port    llur .Mich.      Since 

1892  he  has  been  president  of  the  Washing- 
ton an<l  Colund)ia  river  railway,  at  Walla 
Walla,   Wash. 


516 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Tyler,  William,  bishop,  was  born  June 
5,  1806,  ill  Derby,  Vt.  In  1843  the  new  dio- 
cese of  Hartford  was  created ;  and  Father 
Tyler  was  consecrated  its  first  bishop.  He 
died  .Tune  18,  1849,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Tyler,  William  Seymour,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, author,  was  born  Sept.  2,  1810,  in 
Hartford,  Pa.  Pie  was  professor  at  Am- 
herst college  from  1836  ;  and  now  professor 
emeritus  of  the  Greek  language  and  litera- 
ture. He  was  the  author  of  Prayer  for  Col- 
leges ;  Theology  of  the  Greek  Poets;  editions 
of  Tacitus  and  the  Iliad  of  Homer ;  and  His- 
tory of  Amherst  College.  He  died  Nov.  19, 
1897,  in  Amherst,  Mass. 

Tyndale,  Hector,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
born  March  24,  1821,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
His  father  was  a  merchant  engaged  in  the 
importation  of  china  and  glassware  and 
young  Tyndale  succeeded  to  the  business  in 
1845,  in  partnership  with  his  brother-in-law, 
Edward  1'.  Mitcliell.  He  made  several  tours 
of  Europe,  inspecting  closely  all  the  chief 
factories,  and  becoming  practically  familiar 
with  tlie  whole  art  of  pottery.  His  natural 
taste,  thus  cultivated,  made  him  a  most  ex- 
pert connoisseur,  and  led  to  his  selection  in 
1876  as  one  of  the  judges  of  that  section  ot 
the  Centennial  exhibition,  in  which  capacity 
he  wrote  the  elaborate  report  on  pottery. 
His  private  collection  was  one  of  the  most 
( omplete  in  tha  country.  He  died  March  19, 
1880,   in  I'hiladelpliia. 

Tyndall,  Charles  H.,  clergyman,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  July  31.  1857,  in  Alton,  N. 
Y.  Since  1897  he  has  been  pastor  of  the  Re- 
formed church  of  Mount  Vernon,  IS-Y.  He 
is  the  author  of  Object  Lessons  for  Children  ; 
and   Klectricity   and   Its   Similitudes. 

Tyndall,  William  Thomas  lawyer,"  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  16,  1862,  in  Chris- 
tian county.  ]Mo.  Ho  received  an  academic 
education ;  and  taught  school  for  twelve 
years.  In  1893  he  was  admitted  to  the  prac- 
tice of  law  :  and  for  several  years  v.'as  post- 
master of  Sparta,  Mo.  In  1905-07  he  was  a 
representative  from  Missouri  to  the  fifty- 
ninth  congress  as  a  republican.  ^ 

Tyne,  Edward,  colonial  governor.  In  1709- 
10  he  was  colonial  governor  of  South  Caro- 
lina. 

Tyner,  James  Noble,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  governor,  cabinet  officer, 
was  born  Jan.  17,  1826,  in  Brookville,  Ind. 
He  was  secretary  of  the  Indiana  senate  for 
four  sessions  from  1857 ;  and  was  a  presi- 
dential elector  in  1860.  He  was  a  special 
agent  of  the  postoflice  department  in  1861- 
66.  In  1869-75  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  forty-first,  forty-second  and  forty-third 
congresses.  In  1875-76  he  was  governor  o£ 
the  terriloiy  of  Colorado.  In  1875-76  he 
was  second  assistant  postmaster-general  and 
in  1876-77  he  was  ])ostniaster-aeneral.  In 
1889-93  he  was  law  adviser  of  tlie  postoffice 
department.  He  was  assistant  attorney-gen- 
eral of  Ignited  States.  He  died  Dec.  5,  1904, 
in   Washington,  D.C. 


Tyng,  Dudley  Atkins,  clergyman,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  12,  1825,  in  Prince 
George  county,  Md.  He  was  known  as  a 
lecturer  on  religious  and  secular  subjects. 
He  was  the  author  of  Vital  Truth  and 
Deadly  Error ;  God  in  Our  Dwelling ;  and 
Our  Country's  Troubles.  He  died  April  19, 
1858.  in  Brookfiekl,  Pa. 

Tyng,  Edward,  naval  officer,  was  born  in 
1683  in  Massachusetts.  He  commanded  the 
frigate  Massachusetts  in  the  expedition 
against  Cape  F.reton  in  1745  ;  and  was  made 
commodore  of  the  provincial  fleet.  He  died 
Sept.  8.  1755.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Tyng,  Stephen  Higginson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  bonr  Alarch  1,  1800,  in  Newbury- 
port,  Mass.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman 
of  New  York  City  :  and  rector  of  St.  George's 
church  in  1844-85.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Christian  Pastor ;  Family  Commentary 
on  the  Gosijels ;  lectures  on  the  Law  and 
the  Gospel ;  The  Israel  of  God  ;  Christ  is 
All;  The  Rich  Kinsman,  the  history  of 
Ruth ;  The  Prayer  Book  Illastrated  by 
Scripture ;  The  Captive  Orphan  ;  Esther  the 
Queen  of  I'ersia  ;  and  Forty  Years'  Experi- 
ence in  Sunday  Schools.  lie  died  Sept.  4, 
18S5,   in  Irvington,  N.Y. 

Tyng,  Stephen  Higginson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  28.  1839.  in  Philadel- 
l)hia.  Pa.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman 
of  New  York  City ;  and  for  a  number  of 
years  subsequent  to  1881  the  manager  of  an 
insurance  company  in  Paris.  He  was  the- 
author  of  The  Square  of  Life;  He  Will 
Come :  and  Our  Church  Work.  He  died 
Nov.   17.   1898,   in   Paris,   France. 

Tyree,  Evans,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
Iiorn  Aug.  19.  1854,  in  DeKalb  county,  Tenn. 
He  became  a  clergyman  in  1S69.  Since  1900 
he  has  been  bishop  of  the  African  methodist 
episcopal  church  of  Nashville.  Tenn. 

Tyrrell,  Frank  G.,  clergyman,  editor,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  21,  1805,  in  Ferndale, 
Cal.  In  1887  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
and  in  1889  entered  the  ministry  of  the  chris- 
tian disciples  church.  In  1900-06  he  was  as- 
sociate editor  of  the  Christian  Century  of 
Chicago,  111. :  and  lias  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  liOs  Angeles,  Cal,  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Traflic  in  Sex;  and  Political 
Thu-L;.'ry. 

Tyrrell,  Henry,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  3,  1865.  He  has  been  ensaged  as 
an  editor  for  several  years :  and  is  on  the 
staff  of  the  New  York  Sunday  World.  He 
is  the  author  of  Lee  of  Viruinia. 

Tyson,  Elisha,  abolitionist,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  in  1749  in  :Montgomery  coun- 
ty. Pa.  He  was  an  early  member  of  the 
Marvland  society  for  the  abolition  of  slav- 
ery, appeared  frequently  before  the  judicial 
tribunals  in  behalf  of  negroes,  and  procured 
the  passage  of  several  laws  to  ameliorate 
their  condition.  He  died  Feb,  16,  1824,  in 
Baltimore,    Md. 

Tyson,  Jacob,  state  senator,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1793  in  ^Montgomery  county.  I*a. 
In  1823-25  he  was  a  representative  from  New 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


517 


York  to  the  eishtoenth  cougiTss ;  and  was  a 
moiiiuer  of  the  New  York  senate  from  Itich- 
uiond  county  in  1828.  He  died  in  Rich- 
mond county,  N.Y. 

Tyson,  James,  physician,  educator,  author, 
was  horn  Oct.  26,  1841,  in  Phiiadeliihia,  Pa. 
He  has  been  medical  professor  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  since  1870.  He  is 
the  author  of  Manual  of  Physical  Diagno- 
sis; The  Cell  Doctrine;  Introduction,  to 
Practical  Histolojiy;  Practical  Examination 
of  the  Urine;  Tivalise  on  Bright's  Disease; 
and   Textbook  of  Practice  of  Medicine. 

Tyson,  Job  Robert,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
sressninn.  aullior.  was  born  I'eb.  S,  1803,  in 
Philadelphia,  I*a.  He  frequently  served  in 
the  city  councils  of  Philadelphia ;  and  in 
1855-57  lie  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  thirty-fourth  cougress.  He 
also  served  in  the  legislature  of  Pennsylva- 
nia :  and  through  his  exertions  the  archives 
of  that  state  were  first  published.  He  was 
the  author  of  Essay  on  the  Penal  Laws  of 
Pennsylvania  ;  The  Lottery  System  of  the 
United  States;  Social  and  Intellectual  State 
of  Pennsylvania  prior  to  1743 ;  and  Ilo- 
sourcos  and  Commerce  of  Philadelphia.  He 
died  June  27,  1858,  in  Woodlawn  Hall,  Pa. 

Tyson,  John  Russell,  lawyer,  legislator, 
jurist,  was  born  Nov.  28,  1856,  in  Lowndes 
county,.  Ala.  In  1880-82  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Alabama  legislature.  In  1891-99  he 
was  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  ]Mont- 
gomery,  Ala.  In  1892-98  he  was  judge  of 
the  circuit  court  of  Alabama ;  and  since  1898 
has  been  a  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
of  Alabama  ;  and  since  1906  has  been  chief 
justice. 

Tyson,  Lawrence  Davis,  soldier,  educator, 
lav.-yer.  was  horn  .Inly  4,  1861,  in  Pitt  coun- 
ty. N.C.  In  1883-91  he  served  in  the  ninth 
iirfautry  at  various  stations  in  Wyoming, 
Arizona.  New  York  and  New  Mexico.  In 
1891  he  became  a  ])rofessor  at  the  university 
of  Tennessee.  In  1896  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Knuxville,  Tenn.  lie  was 
I)resident  of  the  Nashville  street  railway.  He 
served  in  the  Si)anish-American  war;  and 
attained    the   rank  of  colonel. 

Tyson,  Philip  Thomas,  chemist,  author, 
was  born  June  23,  1799,  in  lialtimore.  Md. 
He  published  (Jeolojiy  and  Industrial  Re- 
sources of  ('alifornia.  In  1856  ho  was  ap- 
pointed state  agricultural  chemist,  which 
place  he  held  tuitil  1860;  and  his  two  valu- 
able reports  on  the  Geology  of  Maryland 
were  published  in  1859  and  1861.  He  was 
first  president  of  the  Maryland  academy  of 
sciences;  and  con(ribul<'d  pjiners  (o  its  i)ro- 
ceedini!s.  llr  died  Dec.  16,  1S77.  in  Italti- 
more.  Md. 

Tytler  James,  scholar,  author,  was  born 
in  1747  in  Scotland.  He  was  educated  for 
the  church,  an<l  afterward  for  the  medical 
profession.  He  was  the  author  nnd  compih'r 
of  three-fourths  of  Elliot's  Encyclopedia 
liritannica  ;  nnd  several  v.orks  in  Scotch 
dialect.  He  died  by  drowning  in  1805,  near 
Salem,  Mass. 


Udall,  David  King,  farmer,  church  presi- 
dent, was  born  Sept.  7,  1851,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  is  a  successful  farmer  of  Springer- 
ville,  Ariz.  He  received  his  education  in 
tlie  public  schools  of  Nephi,  Utah  ;  has  been 
bishop  of  a  ward  ;  and  president  of  a  stake 
in   tlie  church   of  the  latter-day  saints. 

Udden,  Johan  August,  educator,  geologist, 
autlioi',  was  born  March  19,  1859,  in  Sweden. 
He  was  educated   in   St.  Ansgar's  academy; 

in  18  8  1  graduated 
from  Augustana  col- 
lege of  Rock  Island, 
111. ;  and  studied  in 
the  university  of  Min- 
nesota. In  1881-88 
he  taught  in  Bethany 
college  of  Lindsborg, 
Kan.  Since  1888  he 
has  been  professor  of 
geology  and  natural 
history  in  Augustana 
college  of  Rock  Is- 
land, 111.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Mechanical  Composition  of 
Wind  Deposits;  The  Geology  of  Muscatine 
County,  Iowa;  An  Old  Indian  Village;  A 
Sketch  of  the  Geology  of  the  Chisos  Moun- 
tains ;  and  other  works. 

Udree,  Daniel,  manufacturer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  Philadel- 
phia. I'a.  He  removed  to  Berks  county.  Pa., 
where  ho  entered  largely  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  iron.  He  was  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1799-1805.  In  1813-15  and  1819-25 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  thirteenth,  sixteenth,  seventeenth  and 
ei;:hteenth  congresses.  He  died  July  22, 
1828.   in   Reading.  Pa. 

Uhle,  Albrecht  Bernhard,  painter,  artist, 
was  Iiorn  Oct.  15,  1847.  in  Saxony.  He  is 
the  instructor  of  the  portrait  class  at  the 
Pennsylvania  academy ;  and  has  become 
kno\\'n  as  an  excellent  artist.  Among  his 
portraits  are  thosi»  of  Isaac  Lea  and  Peter 
Mcf'iall  ;  Josejih  Leidy.  painted  for  the  acad- 
emy of  natural  sciences;  Wayne  McVeagh, 
for  the  department  of  Justice,  Washington; 
and  John  I).  Lankenau,  for  the  German  hos- 
piial,  Philadelphia. 

Uhler,  Philip  Reese,  librarian,  bibliogra- 
))her,  was  born  June  3,  1835.  in  Baltimore. 
Md.  He  was  educated  at  Jones  Latin  school 
and  under  private  tutors;  and  received  the 
degree  of  LL.D.  from  the  New  York  univer- 
sity. For  three  years  he  was  librarian  at 
Harvard  and  assistant  to  Louis  Agassiz ; 
nnd  exjjlored  jiarts  of  the  island  of  Hayti 
for  that  learned  .scientist.  In  1862  he  be- 
came connected  with  Peabody  library  of 
Baltimore,  ^fd. ;  later  became  its  librarian  ; 
and  devised  the  new  methods  adopted  in  its 
y:reat  catalogno.  He  is  provost  of  tlie 
Peabody  institute;  associate  in  natural  his- 
tor.\'  at  the  Johns  Iloiikins  university;  and 
a  membiM-  of  numerous  learned  societies  in 
Europe  and  America.  He  is  the  deviser  of 
the  };reat  Peabody  cafalouue  of  hooks;  and 
the  author  of  numerous  publications  on  Li- 


518 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


bra  lies,  Forestry,  Archaeology  and  Entomol- 
ogy. 

Ulke,  Henry,  painter,  artist,  was  born  Jan. 
29,  1821,  in  Prussia.  He  is  a  portrait  paint- 
er of  Washington,  D.C.  He  has  painted 
portraits  of  Ulysses  S.  Grant;  .Jaines  G. 
Blaine ;  John  Sherman ;  S.  P.  Chase ; 
Charles  Sumner;  Secretary  Stanton;  Gener- 
al Kawlins ;  Secretary  Carlisle;  Francis  P. 
Blair  ;  John  Wanamaker ;  R.  G.  Ingersoll ; 
and  other  notalile  people. 

Ulke,  Titus,  mining  engineer,  metallur- 
gist, author,  was  born  Oct.  17,  1866.  in 
Washington,  D.C.  In  1891-98  he  served  as 
assistant,  chief  chemist  or  head  assayer  for 
several  of  the  leading  American  mining, 
smelting  or  refining  companies.  In  1898- 
1900  he  was  assistant  inspector  of  ordnance 
in  the  United  States  army.  He  was  metal- 
lurgist of  the  World's  Columbian  exposition 
in  1893 ;  metallurgist  of  the  Consolidated 
lake  Superior  company  in  1900-03 ;  and  is 
now  assistant  examiner  in  the  United  States 
patent  office.  He  is  the  author  of  Modern 
Electrolytic    Copper   Befining. 

Ulmann,  Albert,  banker,  broker,  author, 
was  born  July  2.  1801.  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  a  successful  stock  broker  of  New  York 
City  ;  and  a  member  of  the  New  York  stock 
exchange  firm  sin(!e  1899.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Frederick  Strnther's  Romance  Cha- 
peroned ;  A  Landmark  History  of  New 
York  :  and  New  York's  Historic  Sites. 

UUmann,  Daniel,  soldier,  was  horn  April 
28,  1810,  in  Wihniugton.  Del.  He  organized 
the  first  colored  trooi)S.  In  1861  he  raised 
the  seventy-eighth  regiment  New  York  vol- 
unteers ;  and  served  as  colonel.  He  was  pro- 
motiMl  brigadier-general  in  1863  ;  and  became 
maior-gcneral  in  1805.  He  died  Sept.  20, 
1892.  in  Nyack.  N.Y. 

Ulrich,  A.  Stanley,  soldier,  lawyer,  au- 
tlior.  poet,  was  born  March  31,  1836,  in  Ann- 
ville.  Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  The  War 
and  Its  Immediate  Iicsults;  The  Causes  of 
National  Tribulations ;  and  various  prose 
articles  and  poetical  contributions  to  cur- 
rent literature.  He  died  Sept.  29,  1905,  in 
Lebanon,  Pa. 

Ulrich,  Charles  Frederick,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Oct.  18.  1858.  in  New  York  City. 
For  several  years  he  followed  his  profession 
in  New  York  City,  but  about  1884  he  went 
to  Venice,  Italy.  In  1883  he  became  an  as- 
sociate in  the  national  academy  of  design  ; 
and  received  the  Thomas  B.  Clarke  prize 
there  the  followiiig  year  for  hi^  In  the  Land 
of  Promise. 

Ulrich,  Edward  Oscar,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  PVb.  1,  1857,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
He  became  curator  of  the  natural  history 
society  of  Cincinnati.  Ohio;  and  later  was 
paleontologist  1o  tlie  geological  surveys  of 
Illinois,  Minnesota  and  Ohio.  For  ten  years 
he  was  associate  editor  of  the  American  Ge- 
ologist. He  is  the  author  of  American  Pal- 
ipozoic  Bryozoa  ;  and  American  Palneozoic 
Sponges  and  Palaeozoic  Bryozoa. 


Ulschoeffer,  Michael,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  March  30,  1793,  in  New  York  City. 
For  six  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  state  assembly ;  was  corporation  at- 
torney ;  and  for  four  years  was  corporation 
counsel.  In  1834  he  became  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas.  He  died  Sept.  6, 
1881.  in  New  York  City. 

Unangst,  Elias,  missionary,  author,  was 
born  in  1824  in  Lehigh  A'alley,  Pa.  He  is 
at  the  head  of  the  mission  stations  of  the  gen- 
eral lutheran  synod.  He  has  rendered  im- 
portant service  in  the  translation  of  the 
New  Testament  into  the  language  of  the  Tel- 
ugns ;  and  has  also  translated  various  tracts 
and  hymns  into  the  same  language.  He  is 
the  author  of  Historical  Sketch  of  the  Amer- 
ican E\angelical  Lutheran  ^lissions  in  In- 
dia. 

Underhill,  Edward  Fitch,  stenographer, 
lawyer,  author,  poet,  was  born  April  20, 
1830,  in  Wolcott,  N.Y.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  couit  reporters  in  the  United  States; 
and  in  1860  procured  the  passage  of  a  law 
that  made  stenographers  officers  of  the  courts 
in  New  York  City,  which  practice  has  since 
been  adopted  by  the  county  courts  and  by 
nearly  every  state  in  the  union.  He  has 
been  official  stenographer  of  the  legislature 
for  five  years,  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  i867-68,  of  the  state  supreme  court 
for  eight  years,  and  of  the  surrogate's  court 
in  1872-98.  He  died  June  18,  1898.  in  New 
York  City. 

Underbill,  Edwin  Stewart,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  7,  1861,  at  Bath,  N.J.  Since 
1902  he  has  been  the  publisher  of  the  Ad- 
vocate and  the  Leader.  In  1911-15  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  sixty-second  and  six- 
ty-tliird   congresses. 

Underbill,  John,  colonist,  was  born  in 
Eniiland.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  court 
in  New  Haven  in  1643;  was  assistant  justice 
there  ;  and  held  an  important  command  dur- 
ing the  hostilities  with  the  Dutch  and  In- 
dians in  1643-46.  In  1665  he  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Oyster  Bay  to  Hempstead.  The 
Mantinenoc  Indians  gave  him  one  hundred 
and  fifty  acres  of  land.,  lie  was  the  author 
of  Newes  from  America,  an  account  of  the 
Pequot  war.  He  died  in  1672  in  Long  Island, 
N.Y. 

Underbill,  John  Garrett,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  10,  1876,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  In  1899-1901  he  was  president  of  the 
alumni  association  of  the  polytechnic  insti- 
tute of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author 
of  Spanish  Literature  in  the  England  of  the 
Tudors. 

Underhill,  John  Quincy,  insurance,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  19.  1848,  in  New 
Rochelle.  N.Y.  He  is  president  and  treas- 
urer of  the  Westchester  fire  insurance  com- 
I)anv  of  New  York.  For  four  years  he  was 
president  of  the  village  of  New  Rochelle.  In 
1899-1901  he  was  a  reitresentative  from  New 
York  to  the  fifty-'^ixth  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  in  1907  in  New  Roclielle, 
N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


519 


Underbill,  Walter,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Now  York.  In  ] 849-51  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Yoriv  to  the  thirty-lirst 
congress.     He  died  in  New  York. 

Underwood,  Adin  Ballou,  soldier,  was  born 
May  19,  1S28.  in  .Milford.  Mass.  In  1861  he 
was  captain  of  the  second  rejriment  Massa- 
cluisetts  infantry :  and  in  1S65  was  brevet- 
ted  niajor-i;eneral.  Ho  was  ( ollector  of  the 
Port  of  Boston.  He  died  Jan.  14.  1888.  in 
Boston,  Mass. 

Underwood,  Benjamin  Franklin,  journal- 
ist, antiiur.  was  born  July  6,  1839.  in  New 
Yoik  City.  He  was  formerly  the  editor  of 
The  Index  in  Boston  :  subsequently  of  open 
court,  of  Chicago.  Sincf  1897  he  has  been 
editorial  writer  of  the  Quiucy  Journal  of 
Illinois.  lie  is  the  author  of  Infhience  of 
Cliristianity  upon  Civilization;  and  Essays 
and  Lectures ;  and  Spencer's  Synthetic  Phil- 
osophy. 

Underwood,  Francis  Henry,  diplomat,  an- 
tlior.  was  horn  Jan.  12.  1825.  in  p:nlield, 
Mass.  lie  was  the  organizer  of  tlio  .Vtlan- 
tic  Monthly.  He  was  American  consul  at 
Gla-si-ow  in  1885-89 ;  and  subsequently  at 
Leith.  He  was  the  author  of  Handbooks  of 
Enj^lish  Literature:  liritish  Authors,  and 
American  Autliors;  Builders  of  American 
Literature;  biograpldes  of  Lowell,  Longfel- 
low, and  Whittier;  The  Boet  and  the  Man, 
iiecollections  of  James  iiuss'U  I^owel!  ;  Cloud 
Pictures;  and  the  novels.  Lord  of  Ilim.self  : 
Man  I'roposes ;  Dr.  Gray's  Quesr ;  and  Quab- 
bin.  He  died  Aug.  7,  1894.  in  Edinburgh, 
Scotland. 

Underwood,  Frederick  Douglass,  railroad 
])resi(h'nt.  was  born  Feb.  1.  1852.  in  Wau- 
watosa.  ^Vis.  In  1868  he  entiMed  railway 
service  as  a  brakeman ;  filled  all  grades: 
and  in  1901  became  presi(kMit  of  tlie  Erie 
railroad. 

Underwood,  John  Cox,  soldier,  civil  engi- 
neer, .journalist,  lieutenant-governor,  was 
born  Sei)t.  12.  1840.  in  Georgetown,  1).C. 
He  was  engineer  in  charge  of  the  i)ublic 
works  of  Warren  county.  Ky. ;  city  engineer 
of  Bowling  Green  in  18G8-75  :  and  mayor  of 
that  town  in  1870-72.  In  1876-80  he  was 
lieutenant-governor  of  Kentucky.  He  or- 
ganized a  daily  newspaper  pr.hlisiiing  com- 
jiany  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio,  where  in  1882 
the  Daily  News,  of  whicii  he  was  iieneral 
manager,  began  to  he  issued.  In  1895  he 
erected  a  moiument  for  the  confederate  dead 
in   Cliiia;:!).    III. 

Underwood,  John  Curtiss,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  l)orM  in  ISOS  in  Litchfield.  N.Y.  In 
1861-63  he  was  fifth  auditor  of  tlic  treasury 
in  Wasliington  ;  an<l  was  snlisetiuently  Unit- 
ed States  district  judge  for  the  district  of 
Virtiiuia.  He  diee!  I )(><•.  7.  1873.  in  \Vash- 
ington.   D.C. 

Underwood,  John  William  Henry,  law- 
yer, jurist,  stall'  Iru'i.-latnr.  ((iiii:  ii'ss;ua!i.  v.'as 
lorn  Nov.  20.  1816.  in  l^lb-rt  county,  Ga. 
In  1843-47  he  was  soliritor-general  for  the 
western  circuit.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Georgia  legislature  in  1857,  and  chosen  speak- 


er. In  1859-61  he  was  a  representative  from 
Georgia  to  the-thirly-sixth  congress.  He  died 
July  18.  1888.  in  Pome.  Ga. 

Underwood,  Joseph   Rogers,  "soldier,  law- 
yev.  jurist,   congressman,   I'nited   States  sen- 
ator,  was  born   Oct.  24.   1791.  in  Goochland 
""■  county.    Va.      In   1813 

he  was  lieutenant  of 
a  vobniteer  company. 
He  was  a  member  of 
the  Kentucky  legisla- 
ture in  1816-19.  In 
1823  he  removed  to 
Bowling  Gre"n ;  and 
was  a  member  of  the 
general  assemblv  in 
1825-26.  In  1828-35 
he  was  jud.ge  of  th-i 
court  of  appeals.  In 
1835-43  he  was  a  rep- 
resentnti\:"  to  the  twenty-fourth,  twenty- 
fifth,  twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  con- 
gresses. In  1816  he  was  a.gain  elected  to 
the  legislature  of  Kentuicky.  and  was  speak- 
er of  the  house.  In  1847-53  he  was  Eniteu 
States  senator.  He  died  Aug.  28.  1876,  near 
Bowling  Green.   Ky. 

Underwood,  Loring,  architect,  author,  was 
horn  Feb.  15.  1674,  in  Belmont.  Mass.  Since 
1900  he  has  practiced  Iandsca])e  artliitecture 
in  Belmont.  iMass.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Gard'.Mi  and  Its  Accessories;  and  The 
Underwood   Garden   Dairy. 

Underwood,  Lucien  Marcus,  educator,  bot- 
anist, gi-nealogist.  author,  was  horn  Oct. 
26,  1853.  in  New  Woodstock.  N.Y.  In  1883- 
91  he  was  professor  of  botany  at  Syracuse 
university  :  filled  same  chr.ir  in  1891-95  in 
DePaviw  ;  and  in  the  Columbia,  university 
since  1896.  He  was  the  author  of  Sys- 
tematic .Plant  Record ;  Our  Native  Ferns 
and  How  to  Study  Them  ;  Our  Native  Ferns 
and  Their  .\llies:  and  North  American  He- 
paticae:  and  ^loulds.  .Mildews  and  Mush- 
rooms. II.'  is  also  authoi-  of  genealogical 
works  in  Pollard  and  T'nderwood  Families. 
He  died   in   1907   in   New    York  City. 

Underwood,  Oscar  W.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  loin  May  6,  1862,  in  Louisville, 
Ky.      lie   i<  a   noted   lawyer  of  Birmingham. 

Ala.  He  was  chair- 
man of  the  democratic 
OKiH-utive  connnittee  of 
tiie  ninth  district  in 
the  campaign  of  1892. 
In  1897-15  he  was 
a  i-epresentali\'e  frora 
Alabama  to  the  lift.\- 
fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fif- 
ty-sixth, lil'ty-seventh. 
fifty-eightli,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtietii.  sixty  •  first, 
«ixty -second  a  n  d  six- 
t.\-third  congresses  as 
a  deiiU'oiat.  lie  is  a  member  of  several  iui- 
portai't  coimuitl"es  ;  is  an  ahle  speaker;  and 
has  tak<'n  an  active  ]>art  in  the  passagi'  of 
several   hills  of  importance  to  his  otate. 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Underwood,  Mrs.  Sara  A.,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  21,  1838,  in  England. 
In  1881-87  she  was  associate-editor  with  her 
husband  of  the  Free-Thought  Journal ;  and 
is  a  speaker  and  writer  on  woman's  advance- 
ment at  Qnincy,  111.  She  is  the  author  of 
Heroines  of  Free  Thought ;  and  Automatic 
Writing. 

Underwood,  Warner  L.,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  7,  1808. 
in  Goochland  county.  Ya.  He  was  appoint- 
ed attorney-general  for  the  eastern  district 
of  the  republic  of  Texas,  but  held  the  olRce 
only  a  short  time.  In  1848  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  Kentucky  legislature;  and 
in  1849  a  member  of  the  seate  senate.  In 
1855-59  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thir- 
ty-fourth and  thirty-fifth  congresses.  lie 
died   in   Texns. 

Underwood,  Wilbur,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  1876  in  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia. He  is  the  author  of  The  Burden  of 
the  Desert. 

Underwood,  William  Henderson,  soldier, 
lawyer,  jurist,  was  born  Sept.  13.  1779,  in 
Culpeper  county,  Va.  He  was  for  several 
years  judge  of  the  western  circuit  of  Georgia, 
"being  elected  in  1825.  He  was  the  leading 
counsel  of  the  Cherokees  during  their  con- 
troversy with  the  state  of  Georgia;  and  be- 
came famous  in  the  supreme  court  of  the 
United  States  for  the  ability  wirh  which 
he  advocated  their  cause.  He  died  Aug.  4, 
1859,  in  JNInrietta,  Ga. 

Unger,  Frederic  William,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  25.  1875,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  During  the  Boer  war  he  was 
war  correspondent  for  the  London  Times ; 
and  has  lectured  extensively  on  th>3  Boer 
war.  He  is  the  author  of  With  Bobs  and 
Kruger ;  Iiussia  and  Japan  and  the  War 
in  the  Far  East;   and  Epitaphs. 

Unseld,  Benjamin  Carl,  educator,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  born  Oct.  18.  1843,  in 
Shepherdstown,  W.Va.  Early  in  life  he  was 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits.  At  the  age 
of  twenty-one  years  he  took  up  the  study 
of  music  and  was  virtually  the  progenitor 
of  the  great  system  of  normal  music  schools. 
He  has  edited  over  twenty  musical  works, 
including  Temple  Star ;  Choral  Standards : 
Progress  in  Song;  and  Practical  Voice  Cul- 
ture. 

Unterreiner,  Charles,  educator,  founder, 
was  born  March  4.  1847.  in  Alsace.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  university  of 
Strasburg ;  has  taught  modern  languages  in 
France ;  and  for  the  past  quarter  of  a  cen- 
tui'v  in  the  United  States.  He  is  now  the, 
principal  of  The  Institute  of  Peekskill,  N.Y. 
which   he  founded   in   1877. 

Unthank,  James  Bryant,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  in  1849  in  Williams- 
burg, Ind.  In  1870  he  began  teaching;  and 
in  i874-81  was  professor  of  history  and  log- 
ic. In  1881-1903  he  was  president  of  Wil- 
mingt(ui  college  of  (.'Isio. 

Upchurcb,  John  Jorden,  mechanic,  was 
born    INIarch    2G.     1822.    in    Franklin,    N.C. 


In  1868  he  secured  a  situation  in  the  ma- 
chine shops  of  the  Atlantic  and  gi'eat  west- 
ern railroad  at  Meadville.  Pa.  Here  lie  pre- 
pared the  first  ritual  and  organi^.ed  the  first 
lodge  of  the  Ancient  order  of  united  work- 
men ;  to  which  his  principal  reputation  is 
due.  It  has  since  spread  into  every  state 
and  territoiy  of  the  union  ;  has  more  than 
one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  members ; 
and  pays  out  about  two  million  dollars  au- 
uuallv  m  benefits  to  the  families  of  de- 
ceased m-embers.  He  died  Jan.  18,  1887,  in 
Steelville,  Mo. 

Updegraff,  Harlan,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  22,  1874,  in  Sigourney,  Iowa. 
Since  1907  he  has  been  chief  of  tlie  Alaska 
division  of  the  bureau  of  education.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Rise  of  the  Moving  School 
in  Massachusetts. 

Updegraff,  Jonathan  T.,  physician,  sur- 
geon, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Jefferson  county,  Ohio.  He  served  as  a 
surgeon  in  the  union  army  during  the  civil 
war.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  of  Ohio 
in  1872  ;  and  was  a  state  senator  in  1872- 
73.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Nov, 
30.  1SS2,  in  Ohio. 

Updegraff,  Milton,  educator,  mathemati- 
cian, astronomer,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1861,  in 
Decorah,  Iowa.  In  1890-99  he  was  profes- 
sor of  astronomy  and  director  of  Lav>^'s  ob- 
servatory in  the  uni^'ersity  of  Missouri  at 
Columbia;  and  in  1899-1902  was  in  naval 
observatory  at  Washington,  D.C. ;  and  is 
now  on  duty  at  the  United  States  naval 
academy.  He)  has  contributed  various  ar- 
ticles  to   astronomical   journals. 

Updegraff,  Thomas,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor,   congressman,    was   born    April    3,    1834. 
Tioga   county.    Pa.      He    was   a    member 
of   the   state   house   of 
~~   '     representatives        o    f 
--^  Iowa     in     1878.        In 

1879-83  and  1893-99 
he  was  a  repiesenta- 
tive  to  the  forty-sixth, 
forty  -  seventh,  fifty- 
third,  fifty-fourth  and 
fifty -fifth  congresses 
as  a  republican.  He 
J  "'.  ,'S'  wa.s   a    member  of  the 

^jj^^  '^''''y^,       board      of      education 

HHBk.  ''  ^IB     ^'^'^    ^'^-^    solicitor    of 

;\Ic(}regor  for  many 
years;  and  was  delegate  to  the  republican 
national   convention   of  1888. 

Updike,  Daniel  Berkeley,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  boin  Feb.  24,  1860.  in  Provi- 
dence. R.I.  He  has  been  one  of  the  chief 
factors  in  the  improvement  of  t.\pogi-aphy 
in  America  during  the  last  decade.  lie  is 
part  author  of  On  the  Dedications  of  Amer- 
ican  Churches. 

Updike,  Wilkins,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1784,  in  Kings- 
ton,   R.I.      He    served    niany    years    in    the 


m 


:;4', 


\ 


■■■^     «t5C 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


521 


Rhode  Islaiiil  los^islature.  lie  was  the  au- 
thor of  Memoirs  of  llie  llluxle  Island  Bar; 
and  a  Ilistoiy  of  the  Ei)is<opal  Church  in 
Narrajrausett  Pier.  R.I.  lie  died  Jan.  14, 
1867.   ill   Kin^'stoii.  R.I. 

Upfold,  George,  clergyman,  bishop,  author 
was  born  May  7.  1796.  in  Ensland.  He 
moved  to  Pennsylvaniii  in  1831.  taldnp:  thr 
rectorshii)  of  Trinity  church  of  Tittshurv. 
from  which  post  he  was  e!e\ated  to  the  epis- 
copate. He  was  consecratetl  hrst  bishop  of 
Indiana.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Last 
Hundred  Years,  a  lecture ;  and  Manual  of 
Devotions  for  Domestic  and  Private  Use. 
He  (lied  Auu.  26,  1872,  in  Indianapolis.  Ind. 

Upham,  Albert  Gookin,  physician,  author, 
was  born  -Inly  10.  1819.  in  Rochester.  N.II. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  biographical  and 
irenealo.sical  History  of  the  Upham  Family. 
He  died  June  16.  1847,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Upham,  Charles  Wentworth,  clergyman, 
state  senator,  conj;ressnian,  aiithor,  was  born 
May  4,  1802.  in  Canada.  He  was  in  tlie 
Massachusetts  state  legislature  in  1849-50 ; 
was  president  of  the  state  senate  in  1S51  and 
1857-58  :  and  was  mayor  of  Salem  in  1852. 
In  1853-55  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
thirty-third  congress.  He  was  the  author 
of  Lectures  on  the  Logos ;  Prophecy  as  an 
Evidence  of  Christianity  ;  Salem  Witchcraft 
and  Cotton  Mather;  Life  of  Timothy  Pick- 
ering; liife  of  Sir  Henry  Vane;  Lectures 
on  Witchcraft ;  and  Principles  of  Congre- 
gationalism. He  died  .Tune  14,  1875,  in  Sa- 
lem.  Mass. 

Upham,  Francis  William,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Sejit.  10.  1817,  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 
In  1867-70  he  was  professor  of  mental  phil- 
osophy and  lecturer  on  history  in  Rutgers 
female  college  New  York  City.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Debate  Between  tlie  Church 
and  Science :  The  Wise  Men  ;  Who  They 
Were ;  The  Star  of  Our  Lord  ;  Thoughts 
on  the  Cospol;  St.  ^[atlhews  Witness;  and 
The  First  Words  from  God.  He  died  Oct. 
17.  1895.  in   New   York  City. 

Upham,  George  B.,  state  legislator,  con- 
grr-^sman.  was  born  in  1769  in  Nfw  Hamp- 
shire. He  served  a  innnbcr  of  years  in  the 
New  Hampshire  legislature:  and  was  speak- 
er in  1809  and  1815.  In  1801-03  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  Ilampslnre  to  the 
seventh  congress.  He  died  Feb.  10.  1848, 
in   ( "iari'mont.    X.ll. 

Upham  Mrs.  Grace  Le  Baron,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  .lune  22,  1845  in  I^woll 
Mass.  She  is  a  lioston  writer  of  popul.'M 
juvtnile  (nil's:  and  short  stories  for  maga- 
zines. Sh<;  is  the  author  of  Tiie  Rosebud 
Club;  Little  Miss  Faith;  Little  Daughl.'i  : 
Jessica's  Triumph;  and  The  Children  of 
licdford    T'onrt. 

Upham,  Horace  Alonzo  Jaques,  lawyer, 
was  bom  Aug.  14.  1853,  in  .Nrilvaukcc.  Wis. 
He  graduated  from  the  Unitfd  States  mili- 
tary academy;  and  from  the  university  of 
Michiu'an.  Siiici'  1877  he  has  been  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Alilwankce.  Wis. 


Upham,  Jabez,  congressman,  was  born 
about  1762  in  Massachusetts.  In  1807-11  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to 
the  tenth  and  eleventh  congresses.  He  died 
in  1811  in  Brookfield,  INIass. 

Upham,  James,  educator,  journalist,  a 
cleriiyman.  was  born  Jan.  23.  1815,  in  Sa- 
lem! Mass.  In  1840  he  was  ordained  to  the 
baptist  ministry;  and  for  twenty  years  was 
connected  with  tlie  New  Hampshire  literary 
institute;  and  was  its  president  for  five 
years.  He  died  May  4.  1893,  m  Chelsea, 
Slass. 

Upham,  Joshua,  lawyer,  jurist,  manu- 
facturer, was  born  Nov.  14,  1741,  in  Brook- 
lield,  Mass.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  Boston; 
then  emigrated  to  New  Brunswick,  wlierc 
he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court  and 
member  of  tlie  council  in  1784-1807.  He  is 
said  to  have  introduced  the  salt  manufac- 
ture; and  built  the  first  woolen  mill  in 
America.  He  died  in  1808  while  on  public 
business  in  London.  England. 

Upham,  Nathaniel,  merchant,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  governor,  was  born  June 
9,  1774,  in  Deerfield,  N.H.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  of  New  Hampshire; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  governor's  council 
in  1811-12.  In  1817-23  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Hampshire  to  the  fif- 
teenth, sixteenth  and  seventeenth  congresses. 
He  died  July  10,  1829,  in  Rochester,  N.H. 
Upkam,  Nathaniel  Gookin,  law^yer,  jur- 
ist, railroad  jnesideiit,  was  born  Jan.  8, 
1801.  in  Deerfield.  N.H.  In  1833-43  he  was 
iiidge  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Hamp- 
sliire.  In  1843-03  be  was  superintendent 
of  the  Concord  railroad,  of  wbicb  lie  was 
president  in  1863-00.  He  died  Dec.  11, 
18()9.   in   Concord,  N.H. 

Upham,   Thomas   Cogswell,   educator,   au- 
thor,   was    born     Jan.    30,    1799,    in    Deer- 
field,  N.H.      He   was    a   profes.sor   of    phil- 
osophy     at      Bowdoin 
^       fm.^  college  in   1824-72.  He 

^       ^'•♦^  was     the     author     of 

>  Kleinents      of      ]\Ioral 

Philosophy;  Treatise 
on  the  Will;  Life  of 
^^  Wf  Mad  a  m  e  Kuyon  ; 
I'riiiciples  of  the  Hid- 
den Life;  Disordered 
Mental  Action;  Ele- 
ments of  Tntellectnal 
"^  I'liilosopliy ;  Ratio 
Disciplina*;  Christ  in 
the  Soul;  The  Life  of 
l'"ailli;  Tlie  Manual  of  Peace;  Divine  Un- 
ion: Aineriean  ('ol(ag(>  T>ife.  a  book  of 
poems;  Life  of  Madame  Catherine  Ailorna; 
ami  X'iew  of  the  Absolute  R(digion.  lie  died 
Ajiril  2,   1S72.  in  New  York  City. 

Upham.  Timothy,  soldier,  was  boin  in 
17S:{  in  Deerlield.  N.H.  In  1812  he  was  ap- 
|;ointed  major  of  the  (deveiith  United  States 
iiifantrj',  and  soon  afterward  he  was  placed 
in  command  of  the  forts  and  harbor  of 
Portsmouth.      He   was   jiromoted   lieutenant- 


I 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


colonel  of  the  21st  regiment  under  Col. 
James  Miller,  and  at  the  sortie  from  Fort 
Erie  he  commanded  the  reserve.  In  1816- 
29  he  was  collector  of  customs  for  Ports- 
mouth. He  was  navy  agent  in  184145  ;  and 
was  a  major-general  of  the  state  militia. 
He  died  Nov.  2,  1855,  in  Charletown.  N.H. 

Upham,  Warren,  librarian,  author,  was 
born  March  8,  1850,  in  Amherst,  N.H.  In 
1871  he  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege; and  has  received  from  that  institu- 
tion the  degrees  of  A.M.  and  D.Sc.  In 
1875-78  he  was  assistant  on  the  geological 
survey  of  New  Hampshire;  in  1879-85  and 
1893-94  was  on  the  geological  survey  of 
Minnesota;  and  in  1885-95  on  the  geologi- 
cal survey  of  the  United  States.  In  1895 
he  was  librarian  of  the  Western  reserve 
historical  society  at  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Since 
1895  he  has  been  secretary  and  librarian 
of  the  Minnesota  historical  society.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Glacial  Lake  Agassiz; 
Greenland  Icefields;  many  geological  and 
historical  papers,  and  has  edited  several 
volumes  of  the  Minnesota  Historical  Society 
Collections. 

Upham,  William,  lawyer,  state  legislator. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  in  August, 
1792,  in  Leicester,  Mass.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Vermont  assembly  in  1827-28  and 
1830;  and  was  state's  attorney  for  Wash- 
ington county  in  1829.  In  1843-53  he  was 
United  States  senator.  He  died  Jan.  14, 
1853,   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Upham  William  H.,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
banker,  governor,  was  born  May  3,  1841, 
in  Westminster,  ]\Iass.  In  1861  he  was 
shot  through  the  lungs  at  Bull  Run  and 
reported  dead.  He  was  lieutenant  in  the 
United  States  army  until  1875.  He  then 
engaged  in  lumber,  furnitvire  manufacturing 
and  banking  at  Marshfield,  Wis.  In  1895- 
97  he  was  the  sixteenth  governor  of  Wis- 
consin. 

Upjohn,  Richard,  architect,  was  born  Jan. 
22,  1802,  in  England.  His  earliest  work 
was  the  entrances  to  the  Boston  common  ;. 
and  then  he  designed  and  built  St.  John's 
church  of  Bangor,  Me.  Trinity  church  was 
completed  in  1846;  and  was  then  the  no- 
blest in  conception  and  purest  in  detail  of 
all  ecclesiastical  structures  in  this  coun- 
trv.  He  died  Aug.  16,  1878,  in  Garrison, 
N.Y. 

Upjohn,  Richard  Mitchell,  architect,  was 
born  March  7,  1828,  in  England.  He  made 
many  independent  designs,  among  which 
are  "the  churches  of  St.  Peter,  Albany;  St. 
Paul,  Brooklyn;  Central  congregational, 
Boston ;  and  the  cathedral  at  Fond  du  Lac, 
Wis.  Also  the  library  building  of  Hobart 
college,  Geneva.  N.Y. ;  and  the  capitol  at 
Hartford,  Conn.  He  died  in  1903  in  Brook- 
lyn,  N.Y. 

Upshur,  Abel  Parker,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, cabinet  officer,  author,  was  born 
June  17,  1790,  in  Northampton  county,  Va. 
In  1826  he  became  judge  of  the  general 
court  of  Virginia,  serving  many  years.     In 


1841-43  he  was  secretary  of  the  navy;  and 
in  1843-44  he  was  secretary  of  state.  He 
was  the  author  of  Inquiry  into  the  Nature 
and  Character  of  Our  Federal  Government. 
He  died  Feb.  28,  1844,  near  Washington, 
D.C. 

Upshur,  John  Henry,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Dec.  5,  1823,  in  Northampton  county, 
Va.  He  served  in  the  Mexican  and  civil 
\vars  ;  and  was  in  1885  ordered  to  command 
the  naval  forces  in  the  Pacific;  and  was 
subsequently  retired  with  rank  of  rear- 
admiral. 

Upshur,  Mary  Jane  Stith  author,  poet, 
was  born  April  7.  1828.  in  Accomac  county, 
Va.  She  has  contributed  to  southern  peri- 
odicals both  prose  and  poetry,  commonly 
under  the  pen  name  of  Fanny  Fielding.  Her 
principal  work  is  Confederate  Notes,  an  his- 
torical novel,  which  appeared  anonymous- 
ly in  1867  in  the  Home  Monthly,  published 
at   Nashville,   Tenn. 

Upson,  Anson  Judd,  clergyman,  educator, 
was  born  Nov.  7,  1823,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman;  professor 
of  sacred  rhetoric  in  the  Auburn  theologi- 
cal seminary  in  1880-87;  and  was  con- 
nected with  the  university  of  New  York  as 
regent;  vice-chancellor  in  1890-92;  and 
chancellor.  He  died  in  1902  in  Glens  Falls. 
N.Y. 

Upson,  Arthur  Wheelock,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Jan.  10,  1877,  in  Camden.  N.J. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Sign  of  the  Harp; 
Poems  ;  Octaves  in  an  Oxford  Garden  ;  West 
Wind  Songs ;  and  The  City  and  Other 
Poems. 

Upson,  Charles,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  ^larch  19,  1821,  in 
Southington,  Conn.  In  1849-50  he  was  coun- 
ty olerk  for  St.  Josei^h  county.  Mich. ;  and 
in  1853-54  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  the 
same.  In  1855-56  he  was  state  senator ;  and 
in  1861-62  was  attorney-general  for  Michi- 
gan. In  1863-69  lie  was  a  representative 
from  :\Ii(liigan  to  the  thirty-eightli,  thirty- 
ninth  and  fortieth  congresses.  He  died  Sept. 
5,   1885.  in  Coldwater.  Mich. 

Upson,  Columbus,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  17,  1829,  in  Onon- 
daga county,  N.Y.  He  served  in  the  con- 
federate army  as  a  colonel  during  the  civil 
war.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative 
from  Texas  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty- 
seventh  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
in  1902  in  San  Antonio,  Texas. 

Upson  William  H.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Jan.  11.  1823, 
in  AVorthington.  Olilo.  He  was  a  member 
of  tlie  Ohio  state  senate  in  1854-55.  In 
1869-73  he  was  a  representati\'e  from  Ohio 
to  tlie  forty-first  and  forty-second  coniiresses 
as  a  republican. 

Upton,  Charles  Horace,  diplonmt.  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  23,  1812,  in  Salem, 
Mass.  He  settled  in  Fairfax  connty.  Va, ; 
and  in  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
Mrginia  to  the  thirty-seventh  congress,  fn 
1863    ho    was   appointed    United    States    con- 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


523 


sul   at  Gcueva,   Switzciiand.     He  died  June 
17,  1877.   ill  (loueva.  Switzerlaiul. 

Upton,  Edward  Pierce,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  July  22.  1816,  in  Castine,  Maine.  He 
settled  in  ^■irJi:iuia.  but  about  1858  moved  to 
Texas.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  a  de- 
voted friend  of  the  union  ;  and  was  indicted 
for  treason  against  the  confederacy  and  im- 
prisoned for  six  months.  He  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  eighteenth  judicial  district  of 
Texas   in    1867.      lit    died   in   Texas. 

Upton^  Emory,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
Aug.  27.  1839.  in  Batavia,  X.Y.  He  was 
an  officer  with  the  rank  of  major-g'^neral 
in  the  federal  army  during  the  civil  war. 
He  was  the  author  of  Infantry  Tactics ; 
The  Armies  of  Asia  and  Europe ;  and  Tac- 
tics for  Non-Military  Bodies.  He  died  March 
14.  1881,  in  8an  Francisco,  Cal. 

Upton  Francis  Henry,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  May  25.  1814.  in  Salem.  Mass.  He 
was  an  eminent  lawyer  of  New  Orleans  and 
New  York  City.  During  the  civil  war  he 
was  government  counsel  for  captors  in  the 
Utize  cases.  He  was  the  author  of  Tieat- 
ise  on  the  Law  of  Trade-Marks;  and  The 
Law  of  Nations  AfTecting  Commerce  Dur- 
ing War.  He  died  June  25,  1876,  in  New 
York   City. 

Upton,  Francis  Robbins,  inventor,  was 
born  .hily  26.  1852.  in  I'eabody.  Mass.  He 
became  associated  with  Thomas  A.  Edison 
in  the  development  of  the  electric  light 
and  other  inventions,  residing  in  ^lenlo 
I 'ark.   N..T. 

Upton,  George  Bruce,  manufacturer,  state 
senator,  was  Ixjin  Oct.  11,  1804,  in  East- 
port.  Elaine.  For  three  terms  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  state  senate; 
and  in  1853  was  a  member  of  the  executive 
council  and  a  member  of  the  constitutional 
ooincntioii.  He  owned  a  print  works;  was 
secretary  of  the  Michigan  central  railroad  ; 
and  built  numerous  clipi)er  ships  for  the 
California  and  Pacific  trade.  He  died  July 
1.    1874.    in    r.dston.    Mass. 

Upton,  George  Putnam,  journalist,  mu- 
sical critic,  author,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1834.  in 
Koxbury,  Mass.  In  1862-81  he  was  musical 
critic  of  the  Chicago  Tribune,  of  which  he 
has  been  an  editorial  writer  since  1872.  He 
was  the  foiuider  in  1872  and  first  i)resident 
of  the  .Vpollo  did).  He  is  the  author  of 
Letters  of  I'erogrine  Fickle;  The  (Jreat  Fin-; 
Woman  in  Music;  The  Slan(iard  ()i)eras; 
The  Standard  Orr.torios;  The  Standard  Can- 
tatas; The  Standanl  Symphonies;  [..ives 
of  Haydn,  Liszt,  nnd  Wagner,  from  the  (ler- 
miin  <(f  Nohl  ;  Mi'inorifs.  from  tln^  fJoinan 
of  Max  Muller;  Life  .Stories  for  Young  I'imj- 
plc;    and    i.ife  of  Theodore  Thomas. 

Upton,  Mrs.  Harriett  Taylor,  reformer, 
author,  was  born  in  Uaveiina.  Ohio.  She 
is  president  of  the  Ohio  woman  suffrage 
association.  She  is  the  author  of  Our 
Early  Presidents,  Their  Wives  and  Chil- 
dren. 

Upton,   Jacob   Kendrick,   statistician,   au- 


thor, was  born  Oct.  9,  1837,  in  Wilmot, 
N.H.  He  was  the  assistant  secretary  of 
the  treasury  in  1880;  and  was  connected 
with  United  States  life  saving  service.  He 
was  tlie  author  of  Money  in  Politics;  and  A 
Coin  Cateciiism.  He  died  in  19U2  in  Gaith- 
ersburg,  j\Id. 

Upton,  James,  merchant,  philanthropist, 
was  born  March  31,  1813,  in  Salem,  Mass. 
He  was  a  liberal  donor  to  Brown  university 
and  Newton  theological  institute.  In  1872 
he  printed  privately  a  volume  of  original 
music.  He  died  March  30,  1879,  in  Salem, 
Mass. 

Upton,  Larkin,  educator,  business  man, 
legislator,  was  born  Feb.  4,  1832,  in  North 
Reading,  ^lass.  For  many  years  he  success- 
fully taught  penmanship  in  Massachusetts 
and  in  the  west.  He  is  a  successful  mason, 
contractor  and  builder  of  Clinton.  Iowa.  In 
lStJO-(Jl  he  was  alderman  of  Clinton;  and 
in  1878-79  was  mayor  of  that  city.  He 
served  with  distinction  as  a  member  of  the 
nineteenth  and  twentieth  general  assemblies 
of  Iowa. 

Upton,  Samuel,  journalist,  merchant,  leg- 
islator, was  born  in  1784  in  Middleton, 
Alass.  He  engaged  in  mercantile  and  ship- 
ping business,  first  at  Salem,  Mass.,  and 
afterward  in  Castine  and  Bangor,  Me.,  and 
Boston.  In  Elaine  he  exerted  a  great  in- 
fluence in  ])olitics  and  edited  the  Bangor 
Oazette  and  Whig.  In  1819  he  represent- 
ed Castine  in  the  first  general  court.  He 
died  :\larch   3,   1842,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Upton,  Sara  Carr,  translator,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  1.  1843,  in  Bangor.  Maine.  She 
is  a  frequent  contributor  to  magazines; 
and  has  published  Tolstoi's  Prisoner  of  the 
Caucasus;    aiul   other  works. 

Upton,  Wheelock  Samuel,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  dan.  17,  ISll,  in  Salem,  Mass. 
He  was  one  of  the  compilers  of  The  Louis- 
iana Civil  Code.  He  was  the  author  of 
An  Address  at  New  Y'ork.  He  died  Oct. 
18,   ISdd,   in  CarrolHon,  La. 

Upton  William  Henry  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
tlior.  was  born  June  19,  1854,  in  Weaver- 
ville.  Cal.  lie  has  been  superior  judge  at 
Walla  Walla.  Wash.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  .Masonic  Code  of  Washington;  and  a 
(Jenealogy   of  the   I'pton    Family. 

Upton,  William  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislaloi-.  aullior,  was  i)orn  in  July,  1S17, 
in  \'ictor,  X.\'.  He  was  a  representative 
in  the  .Michigan  state  legislature  in  1847; 
and  in  lS47-">2  was  prosecuting  attorney  at 
Lansing.  .Midi,  lie  moved  to  California  in 
1852;  and  was  a  rejireseiitative  in  the  Cali- 
fornia legislature  in  IS.lti.  He  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Sacramento  comitv  in 
18(Jl-63.  In  1864  he  moved  to  Oregon; 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Oregon  in  18)iS-72;  and  chief  jus- 
tice in  1S72-74.  In  IH77-8.')  he  was  second 
coni])troller  of  the  treasury  of  the  Fniterl 
States  at  Washington.  He  was  the  author 
of  Digest  of  Decisions  of  the  Second  Comp- 


524 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


troUer   of  the   Treasury,    1869-84.     He   died 
Jan.  23,  1896,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Upton,  Winslow,  educator,  astronomer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  12,  1853,  in  Salem, 
Mass.  He  was  a  member  of  the  United 
States  expeditions  to  observe  eclipses  in 
1878  and  1883.  Since  1884  he  has  been 
professor  of  astronomy  and  in  1900-01  was 
dean  in  Brown  university  of  Providence, 
11. 1.     He  is  the  author  of  Star  Atlas. 

Urban,  Wilbur  Marshall,  educator,  author, 
was  born  March  27,  1873,  in  Mount  Joy, 
Pa.  Since  1902  he  has  been  professor  of 
philosophy  in  Trinity  college  of  Hartford, 
Conn.  He  is  the  author  of  The  History  of 
the    Principle   of    Sufficient   Reason. 

Urbantke,  Gus  F.,  educator,  was  born  Jan. 
19,  1870,  in  Industry,  Texas.  For  twenty- 
three  years  he  was  a  teacher  ih  Blinn  col- 
lege of  Blenham,  Texas.  He  is  now  super- 
intendent of  the  Texas  school  for  the  deaf 
at  Austin;  and  since  1912  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Texas  text-book  board. 

Urbino,  Mrs.  Lavinia  Buoncuore,  littera- 
teur, autlior.  She  is  the  author  of  An 
American  Woman  in  Europe;  Biographical 
Sketches  of  Eminent  JNIusical  Composers; 
and  The   Princes  of   Art,   a  translation. 

Ure,  William  Andrew,  journalist,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  April  8,  1839,  in  ^^'est 
Farms,  N.Y.  In  1873  he  bouglit  tiie  Sun- 
day Call,  which  was  the  leading  paper  of 
New  Jersey.  In  1894  he  was  elected  presi- 
dent of  the  Newark  board  of  trade.  He 
died   in    1896   in  Newark,  N.J. 

Urmy,  Clarence  Thomas,  organist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  July  10,  1858,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  He  is  an  organist  and  poet  of 
San  Jose,  Cal.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Ro- 
sary of  Rhyme;  and  A  Vintage  of  Verse. 
Urner,  Milton  G.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  July  29,  1839,  in  Frederick  coun- 
ty, Md.  He  was  state's  attorney  for  his 
native  county  in  1871-75.  In  1879-83  ha 
was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh  congresses 
as  a  republican. 

Urquhart  Edmond,  pioneer,  manufacturer, 
was  born  April  5,  1834,  in  Fort  Henry, 
Canada.      He    establislied    tlie    Little    Rock 

oil  works,  becoming 
l)residcnt  of  the  com- 
liany  and  among  the 
liioneers  of  the  cot- 
ton-seed oil  industry 
in  Arknnsas.  His  en- 
ergy produced  an  ef- 
fect almost  electrical 
in  this  old  state. 
Cotton  fields  covered 
a  largo  part  of  the 
territory  of  Arkansas 
and  cotton  seed  could 
be  obtained  in  ample 
snpi)ly.  Ills  mill  in  Little  Rock  providecl  a 
local  market  for  the  seed  ;  and  ho  became 
((uite    wealthy. 

Usher,   Edward   Preston,   lawyer,   railroad 


president,  author,  was  born  Nov.  19,  1851, 
in  Lynn,  Mass.  He  is  a  Boston  lawyer  liv- 
ing in  Grafton,  Mass. ;  and  since  1887  has 
been  president  of  the  Grafton  and  Upton 
railroad.  He  is  the  author  of  Sales  of 
Personal  Property ;  and  Protestantism,  a 
Study  in  the  Direction  of  Religious  Truth; 
and  The  Church's  Attitude  Toward  Truth. 
Usher,  John,  colonial  governor,  was  born 
April  25,  1648,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  was 
a  bookseller  and  stationer  of  Boston ;  and 
treasurer  of  Massachusetts.  He  rendered 
important  services  to  the  province  in  pur- 
chasing the  district  of  Maine.  In  1692-97 
he  was  colonial  governor  of  New  Hampshire. 
He  died  Sept.  1,  1706.  in  Medford,  Mass. 

Ussher,  Brandram  Boileau,  physician,  cler- 
gyman, bishop,  poet,  was  born  Aug.  6,  1845, 
in    Dublin,    Ireland^     He    attended    the    uni- 
^         versify     of     Michigan, 
^*^  the  university  medical 

j^^  college,    Missouri,    and 

received  a  theological 
training  under  Bish- 
op Whiteham  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.  He  prac- 
ticed as  a  physician 
for  several  years  in 
Aurora,  111. ;  for  fif- 
teen years  was  a  bish- 
op Canada  and  Now- 
_  foundland  in  the  re- 
formed episcopal  church  ;  then  became  bish- 
op of  the  reformed  episcopal  church.  His 
poem,  entitled  The  A'eteran  of  Beverly  Ford, 
is  well  known. 

Ustick,  John  T.,  printer,  paper  merchant, 
was  born  Nov.  20,  1842,  near  St.  Louis, 
Mo. ;  and  is  the  son  of  Thomas  Watts 
Ustick.  For  a  quarter  of  a  century  he  was 
prominently  identified  with  some  of  the 
foremost  Avholesale  paper  establishments  of 
Chicago  as  secretary,  manager  and  presi- 
dent. In  1897  he  founded  the  Central  pa- 
per company  of  Chicago,  and  was  its  presi- 
dent. 

Ustick,  Thomas,  clergyman,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Aug.  30,  1753,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1777  he  was  ordained  to  the  min- 
istry ;  and  in  1782  became  pastor  of  the 
First  baptist  church  of  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
During  the  yellow  fever  in  Philadelphia  in 
1793  ho  was  of  great  service  to  his  fellow- 
men,  lie  died  April  18,  1803,  and  was 
buried  in  the  cemetery  at  the  rear  of  the 
First  baptist  church,  of  which  he  had  been 
pastor    for   twonty-one   years. 

Ustick,  Thomas  Watts,  printer,  publislier, 
was  born  Aug,  22.  1801,  in  Philadelphia, 
I 'a.,  and  was  a  grandson  of  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Ustick.  a  noted  bai)tist  divine.  He  learned 
the  i)rinting  business  in  Virginia;  and  be- 
came a  successful  printer  and  publisher  of 
Washington,  Chicago  and  St.  Louis.  In 
1828  he  was  the  publisher  of  the  Washing- 
ton City  Chronicle.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1866. 
in   St.  T^ouis,  Mo. 

Ustick,  William  Watts,  printer,  goncalo- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


525 


gist,  was  born  Fob.  22,  1816.  For  many 
years  he  was  a  printer  and  puhlislier  of 
l)ubuqu(>.  Iowa,  lie  was  tlie  autlior  of  a 
genealoi-Mi-al  work  entitled  Ustiek  Family 
Kogister.      Ifo   died    in   I>ubu(iue,    Iowa. 

Utiey,  Henry  Munson,  librarian,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  5,  1836,  in  Plymouth,  Mich, 
lie  is  city  librarian  of  Detroit,  Mich.  He  is 
the  anthor  of  Wildcat  Bankin,;:  in  Michi- 
gan ;  The  First  President  of  Michigan  Uni- 
versity ;  History  of  Miehigan  as  Trovince 
and    State. 

Utter,  George  Herbert,  journalist,  govern- 
or, was  born  July  24.  1854,  in  Plainlield,  N. 
J.  He  was  educated  in  the  schools  of 
Westerly,  K.I.,  and  Alfred,  N.Y. ;  and  in 
1877  graduated  from  Amherst  college.  Since 
1877  he  has  been  continuously  engaged  as 
a  printer  and  newspajier  publisher  at  Wes- 
terly, E.I.  In  1883-85  he  was  personal  aide 
on  the  staff"  of  Governor  A.  O.  Bourn,  of 
Rhode  Island.  In  1883-89  he  was  a  mem- 
ber ;  and  in  1888-89  was  speaker  of  the  liouse 
of  re])resontatives  of  Bhode  Island;  and  in 
1889-91  was  a  member  of  the  Rhode  Island 
state  senate.  In  1891-94  he  was  secretary 
of  state;  in  ]904  was  lieutenant-governoi- ; 
and  in  1905-06  was  governor  of  the  state 
of  Rhode  Island. 

Utter,  Mrs.  Rebecca  Palfrey,  poet,  was 
born  May.  1844,  in  Barnstable,  Maine.  She 
was  the  author  of  The  King's  Daughter,  and 
Other  I*oems.  She  died  in  1905  in  Denver, 
Col. 

Vachell,  Horace  Annesley,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  30,  1861,  in  England.  He  is 
a  novelist  now  resident  in  San  Jose.  Cal. ; 
but  in  1883  an  English  lieutenant  in  the  rifle 
brigade.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Romance 
of  Jnche  Ketchum ;  The  .Model  of  Chris- 
lian  (Jay;  (^nick.sands  of  Pactolus ;  and  An 
Impending  Sward;  A  Drama  in  Sunshine; 
and   The    I'rocession    of   Life. 

Vagg,  Harry  A.,  legislator,  merchant,  was 
born  Dec.  14.  1868.  in  England.  Until  1885 
he    worked    on    a    farm    at    Dockport,    N.Y. ; 

and  until  1887  worked 
I  Ji^HHIiH    ""  ''  farm  in  Niagara, 

'  ^^^^^^    X.D.     In  1887  he  went 

t  o  Montana  a  n  d 
worked  at  railroad 
(oiislnu'tion  work  for 
the  (Jreat 
r  a  i  1  r  o  a  d 
Since  1893 
been  en.ii.aged  in  the 
mercantile  business  in 
Saco.  .Moiit.  In  1900- 
02  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Montana  state 
legislature  and  attended  one  resular  session 
aiul  two  siH'fial  sessions  during  that  time. 
Since  1887  he  b.as  been  a  notary  itubiic; 
and  for  eight  years  was 
commissioner,  serving  the 
as  a  repiil)Iican, 

Vail,  Alfred,  scientist,  inventor,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  25,  1807,  in  Morristown, 
N.J.     He   was  one  of  the   inventors  of  the 


northern 

company. 

he      has 


a    United    States 
terms   of    1901-09 


telegraph.  In  1851  a  trial  was  made  of  an 
electric  motor  built  by  him,  with  Congres- 
sional api)ropriation  on  Baltimore  &  Ohio 
railroad;  and  it  attained  a  speed  of  nine- 
teen miles  per  hour.  He  was  the  autlior 
of  The  American  Electro-Magnetic  Tele- 
graph. He  died  Jan.  18,  1859,  in  Morris- 
town,   N.J. 

Vail,  Charles  H.,  clergyman,  autlior,  was 
born  April  28,  I86G,  in  Tully,  N.Y.  In 
1894-1901  he  was  pastor  of  the  first  uni- 
versalist  church  of  Jersey  City,  N.J.  He 
is  the  author  of  Modern  Socialism;  and 
Scientific  Socialism;  The  Trust  Question; 
and    Socialism   and   the   Negro   Problem. 

Vail,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  diplomat,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  21,  1809,  in  Mor- 
ristown, N.J.  In  1853-57  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirty- 
third  and  thirty-fourth  congresses.  He  was 
appointed  consul  to  Glasgow.  He  was 
also  a  judge  of  the  court  of  errors.  He 
died   ^Nlay   23,    1875,   in   Morristown,   N.J. 

Vail,  Henry,  congressman,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1837-39  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
fifth  congress.  He  died  June  25,  1843,  in 
Troy,   N.Y. 

Vail,  Jacob  Haretson,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Indiana.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
seventeenth  regiment  Indiana  infantry ;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died  Oct.  9,   1884. 

Vail,  Stephen  Montford,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, autlior,  was  born  Jan.  10,  1818,  in 
Union  Dale,  N.Y.  He  was  a  methodist 
clergyman;  and  at  one  time  was  tried  by 
his  church  for  advocating  an  educated  miu- 
istrJ^  He  was  professor  of  Hebrew  in  the 
Chautauqua  school  of  languages.  He  was 
the  author  of  Outlines  of  Hebrew  Gram- 
mar; Education  in  the  Methodist  Church; 
and  The  Bible  Against  Slavery.  He  died 
Nov.   26,   1880.   ill   Jersey  City,  N.J. 

Vail,  Theodore  Newton,  government  offi- 
cial, capitalist,  was  born  July  16,  1845,  in 
Carroll  county,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in 
^  ^  an    academy    of    JMor- 

ristown,  N.J. ;  and 
studied  medicine  for 
two  years.  In  1873 
he  was  assistant  su- 
perintendent; and  in 
1874  was  .assistant 
geiuual  superintend- 
ent; and  in  1875-78 
was  getieral  superin- 
tendent of  the  rail- 
way mail  service  in 
Washington,  I).C.  In 
1878-87  he  was  in 
the  teIc]ilniMe  business;  in  1887-93  he  trav- 
eled for  his  health;  in  1893-9(i  he  was  en- 
gaged in  farming  in  Vermont;  aid  since 
1896  has  been  interested  in  electric  enter- 
prises in  the  Argentine,  South  America, 
lie  introduced  the  .American  electric  sys- 
tem of  street  railway  in  Buenos  Ayres;  and 
installed     telephone     systems     in    principal 


526 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRArHY. 


Massachusetts, 
died  Feb.  22, 


cities.  He  is  president  of  the  American 
telegraph  and  telephone  company;  presi- 
dent of  the  Xew  York  telephone  company; 
and  a  director  of  many  corporations  in 
the   United   States   and   England. 

Vaill,  Joseph,  clergyman,  legislator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  17'JO  in  Hadlyme,  Conn. 
In  1841-45  he  was  linancial  agent  for  Am- 
herst college;  and  during  that  period  of 
financial  embarrassment  he  raised  for  its 
endowment  the  sum  of  one  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars.  In  the  autumn  before  his 
death  he  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
He  jjublished  Sermons.  He 
1869,  in   Palmer,   Mass. 

Vail,  Thomas  Hubbard,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, autlior,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1812,  in 
Richmond,  Va.  He  was  the  first  protes- 
tant  episcopal  bishop  of  Kansas ;  and  was 
consecrated  bishop  in  1864.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Hannah,  a  Sacred  Drama ;  and  The 
Comprehensive  Church.  He  died  Oct.  6, 
1889,  in  Bryn  Mawr,  Pa. 

Vaile,  Mrs.  Charlotte  Marion  White,  lit- 
terateur, author,  was  born  in  18.54  in  Mas- 
sachusetts. She  was  the  author  of  The  Oi'- 
cutt  Girls;  Sue  Orcutt;  The  M.  M.  C; 
Wheat  and  Huckleberries;  and  Two  and 
One.     She  died  in   1902  in  Denver,  Col. 

Vaill,  Joseph,  clergyman,  missionary,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  July  3,  1750,  in  Litch- 
field, Conn.  He  made  two  missionary  tours, 
one  in  1792  to  Vermont,  and  another  in 
1807  to  the  Black  river  country  in  New 
York.  After  1832  he  was  given  a  colleague. 
He  contributed  to  the  Connecticut  Evangel- 
ical Magazine,  under  the  pen-names  of  Sen- 
ex  and  .lethro;  and  wrote  for  other  period- 
tlie  author  of  a  narrative 
Noah's  Flood,  with  some 
pieces.  He  died  Nov.  21, 
m   Killijigworth,  Conn. 

Vale,  Gilbert,  journalist,  author,  was  born 
in  1788  in  England.  He  was  editor  of  the 
Citizen  of  the  World  for  several  years,  and 
subsequently  of  the  Beacon,  of  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Fanaticism; 
and  Life  of  Thomas  Paine.  He  died  Aug. 
17,  1866,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Valentine,  Daniel  Mulford,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, jurist,  was  l)orn  June  18,  1830,  in 
Shelby  county,   Ohio.     He  has 

surveyor 

attorney 

is     now 

foremost 

the    west 

Kan.,    to 

he  moved 

lS(i2    he 


icals. 
poem 
minor 

183S. 


He    was 
entitled 
poetical 


been  county 

and    county 

in   Iowa  and 

one     of     the 

lawyers     of 

at    Topeka, 

which    state 

in   1859.  In 

served    as    a 


was  judge  of  the 
]  869-93   s(.rvc(' 


member  of  the  house 
1  >f  representatives  of 
I  lie  Kansas  state  leg- 
islature; and  as  state 
senator  in  1863-64. 
D  u  ring  1865-69  he 
district  court;  and  during 
\\\\]\  distinction  as  judge  of 


the  supreme  court,  a  position  which  he  filled 
with  honor  for  twenty-four  consecutive 
years. 

Valentine,  David  Thomas,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  15,  1801,  in  East  Chester, 
N.Y'.  He  was  the  clerk  of  the  New  Y'ork 
common  council  in  1831-69.  He  was  author 
of  a  ^Manual  of  the  Corporation  of  New 
York  City;  and  History  of  New  York  City. 
He  died  Feb.  25,  1869,  in  New  York  City. 

Valentine,  Edward  Abram  Uffington,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  Jan.  29,  1870,  in 
Belefonte,  Pa.  He  abandoned  the  practice 
of  law  for  literature.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Ship  of  Silence,  Poems;  Hecla  San- 
with,   a    novel;    and   The   Red    Sphinx. 

Valentine,  Edward  K.,  soldier,  hnryer, 
jurist,  congressman,  was  born  June  1,  1843, 
in  Keosauqua,  Iowa.  He  served  as  an  offi- 
cer in  the  union  army  throughout  the  civil 
war.  He  located  in  Nebraska  in  1866;  and 
in  1S69  was  apjiointed  register  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  land  oltice  at  Omaha  Neb.  He 
was  judge  of  the  sixth  judicial  district  in 
1875-78.  In  1879-85  he  was  a  representative 
from  Nebraska  to  the  forty-sixth,  forty- 
seventli  and  forty-eighth  congresses  as  a 
republican. 

Valentine,  Edward  Virginias,  sculptor, 
artist,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1838,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.  He  opened  a  studio  in  Rich- 
mond; and  is  president  of  the  Richmond  art 
club.  He  was  given  the  commission  to  ex- 
ecute the  nuirble  figure  of  General  Robert 
E.  Lee  in  the  mausoleum  attached  to  the 
chapel  of  Washington  and  Lee  universit^"^ 
at  Lexington,  Va.  This  is  among  the  finest 
pieces  of  sculpture  of  the  kind  in  the  Unit- 
ed States. 

Valentine,  Ezra  Gates,  lawyer,  banTcer, 
was  Dorn  Aug.  9,  1847,  in  W^yoming  coun- 
ty, N.Y.  He  graduated  with  the  full  clas- 
sical course  in  1869  from  the  Beloit  col- 
lege of  Wisconsin.  He  has  attained  distinc- 
tion as  an  eminent  lawyer  of  Breckenridge, 
Minn.;  was  a  delegate  to  the  national  re- 
publican convention  in  1896;  and  takes  a 
])rominent  part  in  public  affairs.  He  has 
been  jiresident  of  the  state  drainage  board 
of  ^Minnesota ;  vice-president  and  director 
of  the  First  national  bank  of  Breckenridge, 
and  director  of  other  banks.  He  has  been 
mayor  of  his  city;  is  a  thirty-two  degree 
mason,  and  stands  high  in  several  fraternal 
orders. 

Valentifie,  Milton,  clergyman,  educator, 
autlior,  was  born  -Ian.  1,  1825,  near  Union- 
town,  ^Id.  He  was  a  lutheran  clergyman; 
and  professor  of  systematic  theology  at 
Gettysburg  tlieological  seminary  since  1884, 
and  ])resident  of  the  faculty.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  Natural  Theology,  or  Rational 
Theism;  The  Relations  of  the  Family  to 
the  Church;  The  Dynamics  of  Success; 
Knowledge  by  Service;  Absolute  Christian- 
ity; ami  Christian  Truth  and  Life.  He 
die<l    in    l!in6  in  Gettysburg,  Pa. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


527 


Valentine,  John  J.,  manager,  president, 
was  born  Nov.  12,  1S4(I,  in  Bowling  Green, 
Ky.     In     ISfil     he    removed     to     California 

where  he  was  entrust- 
ed witli  the  joint 
;iL:ency  of  Wells  Far- 
•ji)  and  company's  ex- 
|iress  and  tlie  Pioneer 
-tage  telegraph  com- 
|ianies  at  Strawberry 
\  alley:  then  trans- 
ferred t  o  Virginia 
City  as  agent  of  the 
express  line  and  the 
Overland  mail  com- 
pany, and  superin- 
tendent of  tlie  Pio- 
neer stage  company;  and  superintendent  of 
the  Pacitic  division  of  the  express  line.  In 
18fi9  Wells  Fargo  and  company  appointed 
him  general  superintendent  of  its  express 
with  headquarters  in  New  York,  which  was 
transferred  the  following  year  to  San  Fran- 
cisco and  became  general  manager.  In  1882 
he  was  elected  a  director  and  vice-presi- 
dent; and  in  1892  a  director  and  president 
of  the  company.  He  died  Dec.  21,  1901,  at 
liis  lioiiic  in  Oakland,  Cal. 

Valentini,  Philipp  Johann  Joseph,  arclme- 
ologist,  author,  was  born  in  182S  in  Prus- 
sia. He  is  tlie  author  of  The  Landa  Al- 
pliabet,  a  Spanish  fabrication;  Mexican 
Copper  Tools;  and  The  Olmecas  and  the 
Tultecas.  He  died  in  1899  in  New  York  City. 
Valk,  William  W.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Soutli  Carolina.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Xew  York  to  the  thirty- 
fourtli  congress.  He  died  in  Flushing,  X.Y. 
Vallandigham,  Clement  Laird,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
July  29,  1820.  in  New  Lisbon,  Ohio.   He  was 

elected  to  the  Ohio 
state  legislature  in 
1845  and  184(i;  and 
was  the  editor  of  the 
Davton  Empire  i  n 
1847-49.  In  1857-03  lie 
was  a  representative 
to  tiie  tiiirty-fifth, 
thirty-sixth  and  thir- 
ty-seventh congres.ses. 
In  18(53  he  was  ar- 
rested, by  military 
autiiority,  for  ex- 
pressing his  opinions 
against  the  war;  and  was  banislied  to  tlie 
southern  states:  and.  by  way  of  Bermuda, 
went  to  Canada.  During  his  exile  he  was 
nominated  for  governor  of  Ohio,  and  was 
def<-ate(l.  He  died  June  17.  1871.  in  Lebanon, 
Ohio. 

Vallentine,  Benjamin  Bennaton,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  lioin  Sejit.  7,  1843,  in  Kng- 
land.  He  was  a  journalist  of  New  York 
City:  and  dramatic  critic  of  The  Herald. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Fitznoodle  Pa|)ers; 
Fit/noodle  in  America;  and  The  Lost  Train. 

Valliant,    Leroy   Branch,    soldier,    lawyer. 


jurist,  was  born  June  14,  1838,  in  Moulton, 
Aid.  He  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Mississippi  and  from  Columbian  university; 
and  has  received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and 
LL.D.  During  the  civil  war  he  was  captain 
of  company  I  twenty-second  Mississippi 
regiment  confederate  states  army.  In  1874 
he  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  became  one 
of  the  foremost  lawyers  of  Missouri.  In 
188(J-98  he  was  judge  of  the  circuit  court 
of  St.  Louis;  and  since  1898  has  been  judge 
of  the  state  supreme  court  of  Missouri. 

Van,  John,  merchant,  inventor,  was  born 
April  15.  1812,  in  Canada.  He  distributed 
ten  thousand  dollars  to  the  Canadian 
soldiers  after  tlie  battle  of  St.  Charles.  For 
many  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  tin, 
stove  and  rooting  business.  He  invented  a 
wrought  iron  range  and  many  fixtures  for 
a  stove.  He  manufactured  stoves  and  oth- 
er heating  appliances  and  kitchen  utensils. 
He  died  in  Ohio. 

Van  Aernam,  Henry,  surgeon,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  March  11,  1819, 
in  :\Iarcellus,  X,Y.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  state  legislature  in  1858; 
and  in  18(52-64  was  surgeon  of  the  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty-fourth  New  York  volun- 
teers. He  was  commissioner  of  pensions  at 
Washington.  In  18(55-09  and  1879-83  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
thirty-ninth,  fortieth,  forty-sixth  and  forty- 
seventii  congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died 
June    1,   1894,   in   Franklinviile,  N.Y. 

Van  Alen,  James  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1801  he  was  colonel  in 
the  third  regiment  New  York  cavalry:  and 
in  18(52  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.    He  was  drowned  July  22,  1886. 

Van  Allen,  James  Q.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressnum,  was  born  in  Rensselaer  county, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
state  assembly  in  1804.  In  1807-09  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
tenth  congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Van  Allen,  John  E.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressiiuiii,  was  horn  in  Rensselaer  county,  N. 
Y.  In  1793-99  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  third,  fourth  and  fiftli  con- 
gres.ses. He  was  a  nu-mber  of  the  state  as- 
sembly from  Rensselaer  county  in  1800-01. 
He  (lied   in   Rensselaer  county,  N.Y. 

Van  Allen,  Martin,  civil'  engineer,  was 
born  July  9.  18.32,  in  Pillar  l>oint,  N.Y.  He 
has  filled  important  positions  in  the  engi- 
neering corps  in  the  construction  of  various 
railroads:  in  the  United  States  land  sur- 
vey; and  in  the  land  department  of  the 
Illinois  Cential  railroad.  He  was  one  of 
the  first  to  advocate  a  system  for  securing 
pure    water    for  Cliieago. 

Van  Alstyne,  Frances  Jane,  |)oet,  hvmn 
WTiter,  was  born  .March  24,  1S20,  in  South 
Fast,  N.Y.  She  was  blind:  and  her  pen 
name  is  Fanny  (;.  (.'rosby.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  .Monterey,  and  Other  Poems;  and 
Ha/el  Dell;  and  .some  of  lier  hymns  are 
Safe  in  the  Arms  of  Jesus;  Close  to  Thee; 
and    I    Ami    Thine.  (J   Lord. 


528 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Van  Alstyne,  Thomas  Jefferson,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  was  born  July  25, 1827, 
in  Richmondville,  N.Y.  In  1849  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Albany,  N.Y.  For 
twelve  years  he  was  county  judge  of  Al- 
bany county.  In  1883-85  he  Avas  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  forty-eighth  congress  as  a 
democrat.    He  died  in  1903  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Van  Anderson,  Mrs.  Helen,  minister,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1859  in  Iowa.  She  is  a 
minister  and  lecturer  of  Boston.  She  is 
the  author  of  The  Right  Knock;  It  Is  Pos- 
sible; The  Story  of  Teddy;  and  Journal 
of   a  Live  Woman. 

Van  Antwerp,  Verplanck,  soldier,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1862  he  was  major 
in  an  Iowa  regiment;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
died  Dec.  2,   1875. 

Van  Arsdale,  John,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  5,  1756,  in  Goshen,  N.Y.  He  served 
throughout  the  revolutionary  war,  first  as 
sergeant  and  then  as  captain.  He  suffered 
unusual  privation  and  hardship  in  the  ex- 
pedition against  Quebec  under  Benedict 
Arnold,  was  wounded  and  taken  prisoner 
at  the  capture  of  Fort  Montgomery  and 
Fort  Clinton,  languished  many  months  in 
the  Sugar-house  prison  and  in  the  hold  of 
a  British  prison-ship,  and  subsequently  ex- 
perienced the  perils  of  Indian  warfare  in 
several  campaigns  against  the  savages.  He 
died  Aug.   14,   1836,  in  New  York. 

Van  Auken,  Daniel  M.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Jan.  15,  1826,  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  was  elected  a  prosecuting  attor- 
ney in  1855;  and  was  frequently  appointed 
to  the  same  office.  In  1867-71  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  for- 
tii'tli  and  forty-lirst  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Van  Blarcom,  Jacob  Craig,  banker,  finan- 
cier, was  born  June  1,  1849,  in  Bergen  coun- 
ty, N.J.  In  1870  he  became  chief  account- 
ant of  the  bank  of  Commerce  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;   and  in  1899  became  its  vice-president. 

Van  Boskerck,  Robert  Ward,  painter, 
artist,  was  born  in  1855  in  New  Jersey.  He 
received  medals  from  the  Pan-American  and 
St.  Louis  expositions;  and  is  represented 
in  the  Union  league  and  Lotos  clubs  of 
New  York  City.  He  is  a  national  academi- 
cian. 

Van  Brunt,  Charles  H.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Dec.  26,  1835,  in  Fort  Hamilton, 
N.Y.  In  1869-83  he  was  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  for  the  city  and  county 
of  New  York.  Since  1883  he  became  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York.  He 
(lied  in  1905  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Brunt,  Gershom  Jaques,  naval  offi- 
cer, was  born  Aug.  28,  1798,  in  Monmouth 
county,  N.J.  He  was  commissioned  as  com- 
modore in  1862:  and  was  retired  because 
of  his  age  in  1863.  He  died  Dec.  17,  1863, 
in  Dedham,  Mass. 

Van  Brunt,  Henry,  architect,  author,  was 
born  Scjjt.  5,  1832,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  the  designer  of  Memorial  hall  at  Cam- 


born 

He 

and 


bridge.  He  was  the  author  of  Greek  Lines, 
and  Other  Architectural  Essays.  He  died 
April  8,  1903,  in  Milton,  Mass. 

Van  Buren,  Abraham,  soldier,  was 
Nov.  27,  1807.  in  Kinderhook,  N.Y. 
served  in  the  Mexican  and  civil  wars; 
attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
served  in  the  paymaster's  department  after 
the    civil    war   until    1854.    He    died   March 

15,  1873,  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Buren,  Daniel  Tompkins,  soldier,  civ- 
ih  engineer,  was  born  May  8,  1824,  in  Kings-' 
ton,  N.Y.  At  the  beginning  of  the  civil 
war  lie  became  chief  of  staff"  to  General 
Jolm  A.  Dix.  He  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers;  and  was  mustered 
out  of  service  in  1866.  After  the  war  he 
was  engaged  in  surveying  and  civil  engi- 
neering. He  died  July  17,  1890,  in  Plain- 
field,  N.J. 

Van  Buren,  James  Heartt,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  July  7,  1850,  in  Watertown, 
N.Y.  Since  1876  he  has  been  a  clergyman; 
and  for  over  ten  years  was  rector  of  St. 
Stephen's  memorial  church  of  Lynn,  Mass. 
Since  1902  he  has  been  protestant  episcopal 
bisliop   of  Porto  Rico. 

Van  Buren,  James  Lyman,  soldier,  was 
born  June  21,  1837,  in  Dunkirk,  N.Y.  In 
1804  he  served  with  credit  in  General 
Grant's  campaign  against  Richmond;  re- 
ceived the  brevet  of  lieutenant-colonel  for 
ills  bravery;  and  subsequently  that  of  colo- 
nel for  his  services  in  the  Knoxville  cam- 
paign. In  the  assault  on 
he  gained  the 
He  died 
m  New  York  City. 

Van  Buren,  John,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Ulster  county,  N.Y.  He  was 
one  of  the  ablest  lawyers  of  the  Ulster 
county  bar,  in  New  York, 
was  a  representative  from 
the  twenty-seventh  congress. 

16,  1855,  in  Kingston,  N.Y. 

Van  Buren,  John,  lawyer,  was  born  Feb. 
18,  1810.  in  Hudson,  N.Y.'  He  was  a  son  of 
Martin  Van  Buren.  In  1845-46  he  was  at- 
tornev-general  of  the  state  of  New  York. 
He  died  Oct.   13,   1866,  at   sea. 

Van  Buren,  Martin,  eighth  president  of 
the  United  States,  vice-president  United 
States,  United  States  senator,  cabinet  offi- 
cer, was  born  Dec.  5, 
1782,  in  the  town  of 
Kinderhook.  Columbia 
county,  N.Y.  He  re- 
ceived a  common  Eng- 
lish education,  and  at 
the  age  of  fourteen 
}'ears  began  the  study 
(if  law,  and,  accord- 
ing to  the  New  York 
rule,  after  studying 
seven  years,  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar. 
In  1806  he  married 
Miss  Hannah  Hoes,  who  was  a  distant  rel- 


Petersburg 
brigadier-general. 


the  works  at 
brevet  rank  of 
April    13,    1866, 


In    1841-43   he 

New   York   to 

He  died  Jan. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


529 


ative.  In  1808  he  was  appointed  surrogate 
of  Cohiuibia  county,  and  in  1812  was  elect- 
ed to  the  state  senate,  and  re-elected  in 
1816.  In  1821-29  he  was  United  States  sen- 
ator. In  1820-30  he  was  the  ninth  govern- 
or of  New  York.  He  lilUxl  the  gubernatorial 
cliair  but  little  over  two  months,  and  in 
1820-31  he  was  secretary  of  state.  At  the 
expiration  of  two  years  he  resigned  his 
seat  in  the  cabinet,  and  was  appointed  min- 
ister to  England.  Tlie  appointment  was 
not  confirmed  by  the  senate,  and  he  was 
recalled.  In  1833-37  he  was  vice-president 
of  the  United  States.  He  was  nominated 
for  president  by  the  national  democratic 
convention  held  at  Baltimore  in  February, 
1836.  Being  duly  elected  he  took  the  oath 
of  oflice  INIarch  4,  1837.  He  was  the  first 
president  ever  nominated  by  a  regular  na- 
tional convention.  Prior  to  this  time  it  had 
been  the  custom  of  congress  and  the  state 
legislatures  to  nominate  the  candidates  for 
president  and  vice-president.  He  was  de- 
feated for  a  re-election  in  1840,  and  at  the 
close  of  his  term.  Marcli  4,  1841  he  re- 
turned to  liis  estate  at  Kinderhook.  He 
was  nominated  by  the  free  soil  party  for 
the  presidency  in' 1848,  but  did  not  receive 
an  electoral  vote.  He  died  July  24,  1862. 
Van  Buren  held  office  thirty  years.  He  was 
the  only  num  who  ever  held  the  four  high- 
est political  offices  in  the  United  States — 
president,  vice-president,  secretary  of  state 
and  United  States  senator.  He  died  worth 
some  .$300,000.  It  is  said  that  during  his 
entire  administration  he  never  drew  any 
portion  of  his  salary,  but  on  leaving  took 
the  whole  $100,000  in  a  lump.  He  wrote 
An  Inquiry  into  the  Origin  and  Causes  of 
I'oiitical  Parties  in  the  United  States,  his 
only  writing  of  importance,  except  state 
papers. 

Van  Buren,  John  Dash,  lawyer,  civil  en- 
gineer, author,  was  born  Aug.  8,  1838.  in 
New  York  City,  He  was  for  four  years  a 
professor  of  natural  philosophy  and  engi- 
neering in  the  United  States  naval  acade- 
my; and  in  1876-77  was  state  engineer  and 
surveyor  of  New  York.  Ife  is  tlie  auttior 
of  Investigation  of  Formulas  for  the 
Strength  of  Iron  Parts  of  Steam  Machin- 
ery:  ami  Quay  and  Other  Retaining  Walls. 

Van  Buren,  Lawrence,  solilier,  was  l>oin 
in  17S3  in  Kinderliook,  N.Y.  He  served  in 
the  war  of  1812-l;j;  and  attained  the  rank 
of  major.  He  died  Julv  1,  1868,  in  Kinder- 
li.H.k.  N.Y. 

Van  Buren,  Robert,  civil  engineer,  was 
l)()rn  Marcli  2"),  1843,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  chief  engineer  of  public  works  of 
till'  city  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.,  for  seventeen 
years;  and  desi;jrni'<l  many  im])ortant  water 
e.xtt'Tisions  and  sewerage  works  for  that 
city.  He  also  acted  as  consulting  engineer 
for  (itlwr  eities. 

Van  Buren,  Thomas  Brodhead,  soldier, 
was  born  in  New  Y'^ork.  In  1862  he  ^vas 
colonel  in  the  one  hundred  and  second  regi- 


ment New  Y^'ork  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  Oct.  13,  1889. 

Van  Buren,  William  Holme,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  5,  1819,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  an  eminent  surgeon  of 
New  Y'ork  City;  and  the  author  of  Con- 
tributions to  Practical  Surgery;  Diseases 
of  the  Rectum;  Diseases  of  the  Genito- 
urinary Organs  (with  Keyes)  ;  and  The 
Principles  of  Surgery.  He  died  March  25, 
1883,  in  New  Y'ork  City. 

Van  Burg,  Mrs.  Lizzie  Lillian,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Sept.  29,  1859,  in  Berna- 
dotte,  111.  She  is  a  writer  and  poet  of  Lin- 
coln, Neb.;  formerly 
of  Holland,  Neb.  She 
is  the  author  of  a  vol- 
ume of  poems;  and 
has  contributed  to 
several  standard 
works.  She  is  a 
g  r  e  a  t  -  g  reat-grand- 
daugliter  of  Nathan 
Hale.  Her  poems  have 
been  given  a  place  in 
Poets  of  America; 
National  Library  of 
American  Literature 
anil  several  other  standard  works. 

Vance,  Alanson  A.,  journalist,  publislier, 
was  born  Jan.  25,  1826,  in  Newton,  N.J. 
Since  1852  he  has  been  editor  and  owner  of 
the  Jerseyman  of  Morristown,  N.J. ;  was 
postmaster  of  his  city  in  1861-75;  and  was 
chosen  freeholder  from  the  first  ward  of 
Morristown  in  1895.  He  has  contributed  ex- 
tensively to  current  literature,  and  is  one 
of  the  foremost  journalists  of  the  east. 

Vance,  Arthur  Turner,  journalist,  editor, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1872,  in  Scran- 
ton,  Pa.  He  is  editor  in  chief  of  the  Wom- 
an's Home  Companion  of  New  Y'ork  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Real  David  Harum. 
Vance,  James  Isaac,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  25,  1862,  in  Arcadia.  Tenn. 
He  received  a  thorough  education;  gradu- 
ated from  King  col- 
lege and  from  the 
Union  theological 
seminary  of  Virginia; 
and  lias  received  the 
lidiiorarv  degrees  of 
A.:\r.  and  D.D.  He 
lias  lUhMJ  pastorates 
in  the  jiresbyteriaii 
church  at  •  Wytiieville, 
Alexandria  and  Nor- 
folk, Va.;  was  pastor 
at  Nashville,  Tenn.: 
and  since  1900  has 
been  pastor  of  tlie  North  reformed  church 
of  Newark,  N.J.  He  is  the  author  of  Tlie 
Young  I\Fan-Four-Squar(^:  Th<>  College  of 
Apostles;  Royal  Manhooil:  The  Rise  of  a 
Soul:  Church  I'ortals:  Siniplicity  in  Life; 
and   A   Young  Man's   Make-Up. 

Vance,    Hiram    Albert,    educator,    author, 
was  born  .Inly  22.  ISCO,  in  West  Frankfort, 


530 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


X.Y.  In  1SS9  he  became  professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  the  university  of  Nashville.  He  was 
the  author  of  several  works  in  German. 
He  died  in  1906  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Vance,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  Jn  1821-23  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  seventeenth  con- 
gress.   He  <Iii'(l  in  Urbana,  Ohio. 

Vance,  John  L.,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  July  19,  1839,  in  Gallipolis,  Ohio.  He 
entered  the  volunteer  army  as  a  captain; 
and  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel.  In  1875- 
77  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the   forty-fourth   congress  as  a   democrat. 

Vance,  Joseph,  agriculturist,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  governor,  was  born 
]March  21,  1786,  in  Washington  county.  Pa. 
He  served  frequently  in  the  legislature  of 
Ohio.  In  1821-35  and  1843-47  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  in  the  seventeenth  to 
the  twenty-third,  the  twenty-eighth  and 
twenty-nintli  congresses.  He  was  the 
twelfth  governor  of  Ohio  in  1836-38.  He 
died  Aug.  24.   18.'il,  near  Urbana,  Ohio. 

Vance,  Joseph  Anderson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov,  17,  1864,  in  Sullivan 
county,  Tenn.  Since  1899  he  has  been  pas- 
tor of  the  Hyde  Park  presbyterian  church 
of  Chicago.  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Re- 
ligion and  Money;  American  Problems;  and 
The  True  and  the  False  in  Christian  Sci- 
ence. 

Vance,  Louis  Joseph,  playwright,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  19,  1870,  in  Washington. 
D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  Terence  O'Rourke; 
Gentleman  Adventurer;  The  Private  War; 
and  The  Brass   Rowl. 

Vance,  Robert  B.,  physician,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1790  in  Buncombe,  N.C.  In 
1823-25  he  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  eighteenth  congress.  He 
died  in  Octoljcr.  1S27.  in  North  Carolina. 

Vance,  Robert  Brank,  soldier,  agricultur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  April  24,  1828, 
in  Buncombe  county,  N.C.  He  was  a  cap- 
tain of  a  company  in  the  confederate  serv- 
ice in  1861 :  and  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  in  1863.  In  1873-85  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative fiom  North  Carolina  to  the  forty- 
third,  forty-fourth,  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth, 
forty-seventh  and  forty-eighth  congresses. 
In  1885  he  was  appointed  assistant  commis- 
sioner of  patents  in  the  department  of  the 
interior.  He  died  Nov.  28,  1890,  in  Alex- 
ander, N.C. 

Vance,  Robert  Johnston,  journalist,  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  March  15.  1854. 
in  New  Yoik  City.  He  was  the  editor  of 
the  New  Britain  Herald;  has  been  city 
clerk  for  nine  years;  and  a  member  of  the 
Connecticut  legislature  in  1886.  In  1887-80 
lie  was  a  re]>resentative  from  Connecticut 
to  tlie  fiftieth  congress  as  a  democrat.  He 
died  in  .lime.  19(11.  in  New  Britain,  Conn. 

Vance  William  Reynolds,  educator,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  ^lay  9,  1870,  in  Mid- 
dk'town.  Conn.  Since  1905  he  has  beeji  dean 
of  the  law  department  of  the  George  Wash- 
ington   university.     He     is    the     author    of 


Slavery    in    Kentucky;    and    Vance    on    In- 
surance. 

Vance,  Zebulon  Baird,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman.  United  States  senator, 
governor,  was  born  May  13,  1830,  in  Bun- 
combe couny,  N.C.  In  1854  he  Avas  elected 
to  the  North  Carolina  legislature.  In  1857- 
61  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thirty- 
fifth  and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  He  was 
the  twentv-eighth  governor  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1861-65  and  1877-79.  In  1879-93  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  North  Car- 
olina. He  died  April  14,  1894,  in  Washing- 
ton. D.C. 

Van  Cleave,  James  Robert  Bums,  public 
oHlcial.  was  born  Oct.  9,  1853,  in  Knoxville, 
111.  He  received  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  city  and  at  Knox  col- 
lege at  Galesburg,  111.  While  pursuing  his 
collegiate  course  he  acted  as  correspondent 
of  tlie  Cliicago  pajiers,  and  afterward  was 
tiaviding  corresjjondent  for  the  New  York 
Herald  and  the  Chicago  Times  throughout 
the  south  at  the  period  of  the  Hayes-Tilden 
t-iectoral  contest.  He  has  been  enrolling  and 
engrossing  clerk  of  the  Illinois  state  senate; 
was  secretary  of  the  original  Blaine  club 
of  Chicago;  was  chief  clerk  of  the  custom 
house  at  Chicago;  deputy  city  clerk  for 
two  terms,  and  city  clerk  for  three  terms. 
He  has  been  secretary  of  every  republican 
state  and  county  convention  for  many 
years;  and  in  1896-1900  was  secretary  of 
the  state  central  committee  and  a  member 
of  tlie  executive  committee.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  governor's  staff,  holding  t1u>  po- 
sition of  inspector-general  of  the  Illinois 
national  guard.  He  was  the  insurance  su- 
perintendent of  the  state  of  Illinois  in  1896- 
1900;  and  a  prominent  member  of  various 
secret-  orders  and  clubs  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  an  enthusiastic  sportsman;  interested  in 
the  propagation  and  protection  of  game: 
alid  is  president  of  the  Illinois  state  sports- 
men's association. 

Van  Cleave,  James  Wallace,  soldier,  man- 
facturer.  founder,  was  born  in  July,  1849, 
in  Marion  county,  Ky.  He  received  an  aca- 
demic education.  For  forty  years  he  was 
in  the  stove  manufacturing  business,  first 
in  Louisville  and  later  in  St.  Louis;  and 
for  many  years  was  president  of  the  Bucks 
stove  and  range  company  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  was  ])resident  of  the  National  associa- 
tion of  manufacturers;  president  of  the  Cit- 
izens' industrial  association  of  St.  Louis, 
being  one  of  the  founders  of  the  National 
organization  of  that  order.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Holland  society:  a  member  of 
the  Glen  echo  club;  a  member  of  the  ^Mer- 
cantile  club;  and  was  prominently  identi- 
fied with  the  business  and  public  affairs  of 
St.  Louis.  :\Io.    He  died  in  :May,  1909. 

Van  Cleve,  Horatio  Phillips,  soldier,  agri- 
culturist, civil  engineer,  was  born  Nov,  23, 
1809.  in  Princeton.  N.J.  He  served  under 
General  George  H.  Thomas  at  ^till  Sjirings: 
and  was  iironioted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers  in    1862.    He   was   adjutant-general 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


531 


of  Minnesota  in  1866-70  and  1876-82.  He 
(lied  April  24.  ISIM.  in  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Van  Cleve,  John  Smith,  musician,  author, 
was  burn  Oct.  30.  18.')I,  in  Maysville.  Ky. 
In  1.S72-7.J  lie  tauiilit  in  tlie  institution  for 
the  blind  at  L'olumbus,  Ohio;  and  later  was 
lecturer  and  writer  at  the  conservatory  and 
college  of  music  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He 
removed  to  Chicago  in  1807.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  (jJavotte  Humoresque;  and  Annota- 
tions on  Campanari's  Twenty-two  Quartet 
Concerts  given  in  1892-03. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Philip,  Soulier,  agricul- 
turist, state  senator,  congressman,  was 
born  Sept.  1,  1740.  in  Cortlandt  ]\lanor,  N.Y. 
He  serveil  tnrough  the  revolutionary  war  as 
colonel  in  the  Xew  York  line.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Xew  York  assembly  from 
Westchester  county  in  1788-00;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1791-04.  In 
1793-1800  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  in  the  third,  fourth,  lifth,  sixth,  sev- 
enth, eighth,  nintli  and  tenth  congresses. 
He  died  Nov.  5,  1831.  in  Cortlandt,  X.Y. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Pierre,  legislator,  lieu- 
tenant-governor, was  born  .Jan.  10.  1721,  in 
Cortlandt  Manor,  N.Y.  In  1768-7")  he  was 
a  member  of  the  colonial  assembly;  was  a 
member  of  the  provincial  convention;  a 
member  of  the  council  for  safetj';  and  a 
member  of  the  provincial  congress.  In 
1777-0.")  he  was  the  first  lieutenant-govern- 
or of  the  state  of  New  York.  He  died  jMay 
1,  1814.  in  Xew  York  City. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Pierre,  lawyer,  soldier, 
banker,  congressnuui.  was  born  Aug.  20.  17t)2, 
in  Cortlandt  Manor.  X'.Y.  In  1703-0;")  he  was 
a  member  of  the  New  York  state  senate. 
In  1811-13  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  twelfth  congress.  He  was 
major-general  of  the  militia,  one  of  his 
aides  being  .James  Fenimore  Cooper.  He 
died  in  July.  1848,  in  Cortlandt  Manor,  N.Y. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Stepl:anus,  governor,  was 
born  May  4,  l(i4.''i.  in  Xew  York  Citj\  He 
was  the  first  and  only  lord  of  the  manor; 
and  one  of  the  most  eminent  men  of  the 
province  of  New  York  after  it  became  an 
Knglisli  colony.  He  served  in  various  ollices; 
ami  became  governor  of  the  colony.  II" 
died  Nov.  2."),  1700,  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Cott,  Cornelius,  state  senator,  was 
born  !•"<•}).  12.  IS.'.S,  in  Xew  York  City.  In 
1888-80  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
stat(>  senate.  He  was  postmaster  of  New 
York  Citv  in  1880-03  and  1807-1003.  He 
died  Oct.  2.">.  1004.  in  Xew  York  City. 

Van  Cott,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Xew   York.    He  died  in  1008. 

Van  Curler,  Arendt,  |)ioneer,  was  born 
al>out  1600  in  Holland.  In  1661  he  founded 
an  agricultural  settlement  in  Schenectady, 
in  which  all  purchasers  could  hold  land  in 
fee  simple.  He  died  in  1667  in  Lake  Cham- 
plain,   X.Y. 

Vandale,  John  A.  A.,  educator,  lawyer, 
was   born   Sept.    1,    18.")3.   in    Hoggsville,   \V. 


Va.  He  was  a  prominent  lawyer  of  Spen- 
cer, W.Va.;  was  principal  of  schools  for 
several  years,  and  a  member  of  the  school 
board  when  the  high  school  was  built.  He 
wa.s  public  prosecutor  for  eight  years;  a 
member  and  secretary  of  the  board  of  di- 
rectors of  the  second"  hospital  for  the  in- 
sane; and  tilled  various  other  public  posi- 
tions of  honor.  He  died  in  Spencer,  W.Va. 
Van  Dam,  colonial  governor.  In  1731-32 
he  was  colonial  governor  of  Xew  York. 

Van  Deman,  Henry  Elias,  educator,  po- 
mologist.  author,  was  born  Xov.  3,  1845,  in 
Ross  county,  Ohio.  In  1863-65  he  served  as 
a  private  soldier  in  the  first  regiment  of 
Ohio  volunteer  heavy  artillery.  In  1878-79 
he  was  professor  of  botany  and  practical 
liorticulture  in  the  Kansas  state  agricul- 
tural college.  In  1886-93  he  was  chief  and 
founder  of  the  division  of  pomology  in  the 
United  States  department  of  agriculture. 
He  is  president  of  the  American  nut  and 
fruit  company.  He  is  the  author  of  Trop- 
ical and  Semi-Tropical  Fruits  in  America. 

Van  Den  Broek,  Theodore,  clergyman, 
was  born  in  1783  in  Holland.  After  labor- 
ing at  Green  Bay  in  1834-46,  he  went  to 
Little  Chute  and  established  a  school  for 
the  Indians;  but  his  mission  embraced  al- 
most the  entire  state  of  Wisconsin  for  sev- 
eral years.  He  taught  the  savages  agri- 
culture and  trained  them  to  use  carpenter's 
tools,  as  well  as  instructing  them  in  the 
arts  of  masonry  and  plastering;  and  with 
their  aid  he  built  a  line  church  in  1839.  He 
died  Xov.  5,   1851,  in   Little  Kock,  Ark. 

Vandenhoff,  George,  actor,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  18.  1820,  in  England.  He  retired 
from  the  stage  in  1856  after  a  very  suc- 
cessful career;  and  devoted  himself  to  pub- 
lic readings  and  the  teaching  of  elocution. 
He  is  the  author  of  Plain  System  of  Elo- 
cution; Leaves  from  an  Actor's  Note  Book; 
Dramatic  Reminiscences;  Clerical  Assistant, 
or  Elocutionary  Guide;  Common  Sense;  and 
The  .\rt  of  Reading  Aloud. 

Vanderbilt,  Cornelius,  navigator,  rail- 
road i)resi(lent,  philanthropist,  was  born 
May   27,   1794,   on   Staten   Island,  N.Y.     In 

1862  he  presented  to 
tlie  federal  govern- 
ment his  finest  steam- 
er, worth  eight  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars. 
He  founded  the  Van- 
derbilt university  at 
Nashville  for  the  ed- 
ucation of  youtli  of 
I  lie  metliodisl  epis- 
r(i|)al  cliurcli.  He  was 
president  of  the  Har- 
lem, the  Hudson  river 
Central  railroad  of 
.New  \\>vk  up  to  his  eighty-second  year; 
and  his  enterpiise,  genius  ami  success  are 
known  a!i(l  felt  the  world  over.  He  died 
.Ian.  4.  1877.  in  New  York  City. 

Van  De  Poele,  Charles  Joseph,   manufac- 


532 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


turer,  inventor,  was  born  April  27,  1846, 
in  Belgium.  In  1883  he  constructed  the  first 
electric  trolley  car;  and  subsequently  built 
many  lines  of  electric  railways.  He  was  rec- 
ognized as  an  authority  in  all  matters  con- 
cerning electric  railways.  He  invented  a  re- 
ciprocating electric  engine;  a  reciprocating 
rock  drill  for  mine  and  quarry  work;  and 
many  electric  appliances.  He  died  March 
18,   1892,  in  Lynn,  Mass. 

Vanderbilt,  George  Washington,  capitalist, 
donor,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1862,  in  New  Dorp, 
N.Y.  He  gave  to  New  York  City  the  thir- 
teenth street  branch  of  the  free  circulating 
library  which  he  founded;  and  provid^nl 
it  with  suitable  buildings.  He  presented 
the  New  York  college  for  the  training  of 
teachers  with  its  site  on  Morningside 
Height;  and  presented  the  American  fine 
art  society  of  New  York  with  the  room 
in  their  building,  known  as  the  Vanderbilt 
room. 

Vanderbilt,  Cornelius,  capitalist,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  Nov.  27,  1843,  on  Staten 
Island,  N.Y.    He  was  treasurer  of  the  Now 

Y^ork  and  Harlem 
railroad  in  1867-77 ; 
then  vice-president 
until  1886;  and  from 
that  date  its  presi- 
dent. He  was  a  di- 
rector in  thirty-four 
different  railroad  com- 
panies; and  a  trus- 
tee of  many  chari- 
table, religious,  and 
educational  institu- 
tions of  New  York 
City.  Among  his  ben- 
efactions are  the  gift  of  a  building  in  New 
York  City  for  the  use  of  railroad  employes; 
a  contribution  of  one  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars for  the  protestant  episcopal  cathedral: 
and  a  collection  of  drawings  by  the  old 
masters  and  the  painting  of  the  Horse  Fair, 
by  Rosa  Bonheur,  to  the  Metropolitan  mu- 
seum of  art.  He  bequeathed  two  million 
dollars  to  various  institutions.  He  died 
Sept.  12,  1899,  in  New  York  City. 

Vanderbilt,  William  Henry,  capitalist, 
philanthropist,  was  born  May  8,  1821,  in 
New  Brunswick,  N.J.     He  inherited  a  larg-e 

part    of    his    father's 

immense  fortune;  and 

~^^^^    was  a  successful  man- 

Jager    of    his    father's 
3S  stupendous      enter- 

prises.       He     invested 
principally  in  railroad 
enterprises ;      added 
■ag^  .ji^^m  *'^^'°  hundred  thousand 

•s^L'^'^ii^t^  y^  dollars  to  the  endow- 
jjl^^k  ^^jBfcfc||  nient  of  Vanderbilt 
^^^^^  ^^^1     viniversity;    and    gave 

^^^^^k  ^^     five  hundred  thousand 

dollars  for  land  and 
for  the  erection  of  new  buildings  for  the 
college  of  physicians  and  surgeons  of  New 


York  City.  He  removed  the  Egyptian  obe- 
lisk to  Central  park  of  New  York  City  at 
an  expense  of  one  Imndred  thousand  dollars. 
He  died  Dec.  8,  1885,  in  New  York  City. 

Vanderbilt,  William  Kissam,  capitalist, 
railroad  president,  was  born  Dec.  12,  1849,  on 
Staten  Island,  N.Y.  In  1882  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  New  York,  Chicago  and  St. 
Louis  railroad,  which  position  he  still  holds. 
On  the  death  of  his  father,  he  assumed  the 
management  of  the  vast  estate. 

Vanderburg,  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  one  of  the  United  States 
territorial  courts  sometime  prior  to  1884. 

Vanderburg,  John  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  an  early  immigrant  to  Indiana.  In 
1800  he  was  appointed  an  associate  justice 
for  the  territory  of  Indiana.  He  died  in 
Indiana. 

Vanderburgh,  Charles  Edwin,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Dec.  2,  1829,  in  Saratoga 
county,  N.Y.  In  1859  he  was  elected  judge 
of  the  fourth  judicial  district  of  Minnesota, 
which  position  he  held  for  twenty  years; 
and  in  1882-94  M'as  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Minnesota.  He  died  March 
3.  1898,  in  Indiana. 

Van  Der  Donck,  Adriaen,  colonist,  was 
born  about  the  end  of  the  sixteenth  century 
in  Breda,  Holland.  In  1641  he  came  to 
America  and  settled  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He 
built  a  church  in  Albany,  N.Y.  In  1645  as- 
sisted in  negotiating  a  treaty  of  peace  with 
the  Mohawks.  He  died  in  1655,  on  Manhat- 
tan   Island,  N.Y. 

Vanderhorst,  Arnoldus,  governor.  He  was 
the  second  governor  of  South  Carolina  in 
1792-94.     He   died   in    South   Carolina. 

Vanderlip,  Frank  Arthur,  journalist,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1864,  in  Aurora,  111. 
He  became  a  reporter  on  the  Chicago  Trib- 
une; and  later  was  financial  editor.  In 
1894  he  bought  an  interest  in  the  Chicago 
lu'onomist,  a  weekly  financial  journal.  He 
bcoanu^  private  secretary  to  Secretary  Gage 
ill  1897;  and  later  was  assistant  secretary 
of  the  treasury.  He  is  the  author  of  ClTi- 
cago  Street  Railways. 

Van  Derlip,  John  T.,  businessman,  con- 
tractor, poet,  was  born  Sept.  14,  1854,  in 
Alba,  Pa.    He  was  educated  in  Pennsylvania. 

He  is  a  successful 
stonemason  and  con- 
tractor of  Carbondale, 
Kan.;  has  contributed 
extensively  to  the 
periodical  press ;  and 
his  poems  appear  in 
Poets  of  America  and 
other  standard  works. 
He  has  filled  several 
local  offices  of  import- 
ance in  his  city  and 
county;  and  is  also 
a  member  of  several 
Iratrnial  uitliis  and  societies.  His  poems 
liave  been  a  valuable  acquisition  to  Ameri- 
can literature. 


HERRINGSIIAWS  LIBRAPwY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


533 


Vanderlyn,  John,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Oct.  15,  1775,  in  Kingston,  N.Y.  He  painted 
two  views  of  Niagara  Falls,  which  were  en- 
graved and  iniblished;  and  portraits  of  Burr 
and  his  daughter.  He  spent  several  years 
in  England  and  Paris,  where  he  painted  for 
Joel  Barlow  the  Death  of  Miss  McCrea.  In 
1805  he  visited  Rome,  and  there  painted, 
in  1807,  his  Marius  Amid  tlio  Ruins  of  Car- 
thage. He  died  Sept.  24,  1852,  in  Kingston, 
N.Y. 

Vanderpoel,  Aaron,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
logisiator.  congressman,  was  born  Feb.  5, 
171)'.),  in  Kindcrhook,  N.Y.  He  served  in  the 
New  York  state  legislature  in  1825  and  1829- 
30.  In  1833-37  and  1839-41  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  twenty-third,  twenty-fourth 
and  twenty-sixtlx  congresses.  He  was  ap- 
]iointed  one  of  the  judges  of  the  superior 
court,  which  office  he  held  until  1850.  He 
died  July  IS,  1870,  in  New  York  City. 

Vanderpoel,  Ann  Priscilla,  philanthropist, 
founder,  was  born  June  25,  1815,  in  Eng- 
land. She  founded  the  Ladies'  home  United 
States  hospital  in  1861 ;  and  gave  her  gratu- 
itous services  for  four  years  and  a  half  as 
a  nurse  to  the  Union  soldiers.  She  has  been 
called  the  Florence  Nightingale  of  New 
York.  She  died  May  4,  1870,  in  New  York 
City. 

Vanderpoel,  Mrs.  Emily  C.  Noyes,  artist, 
author,  was  born  in  New  York  City.  She 
is  the  author  of  Color  Problems;  and  Chron- 
icles of  a  Pioneer  School. 

Vanderpoel,  John  H.,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  in  1857,  in  Holland.  He  is  an  instruc- 
tor of  drawing  and  painting;  and  is  a  lec- 
turer at  the  art  institute  of  Chicago,  111. 
He  is  tlic  autlior  of  The  Human  Figure. 

Van  Der  Stucken,  Frank,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  Oct.  15,  1858,  in  Fredericks- 
burg, Texas.  He  gave  a  series  of  American 
concerts  at  the  Paris  exposition  of  1889; 
made  a  concert  tour  of  Euroi)e  with  the 
Arion  society  in  1892;  and  since  1895  has 
conducted  the  sj'mphony  concerts  in  Cin- 
cinnati, in  which  city  he  is  the  dean  of  the 
college  of  music.  His  symphonic  prologui" 
to  Heine's  tragedy  of  William  Ratclin'.  was 
performed  at  one  of  the  conci-rts  of  tlie  New 
York   philharmonic   societj'. 

Vanderveer,  Abraham,  congressman,  was 
linrn  in  17S1,  in  Kings  county,  N.Y.  In 
1S37-39  he  was  a  rei)res('ntative  from  New 
York  to  the  twenty-llfth  congress.  Hi-  died 
.Inly  20.  1839,  in  New  York. 

Van  Der  Veer,  Albert,  surgeon,  rcgi-nt, 
was  born  July  10.  ISll,  in  Root,  N.Y.  He 
graduated  in  medicin*^  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  Columbia  university  of 
Washington,  D.C.,  and  from  the  Albany 
medical  college  in  1802.  He  has  been  ])ro- 
fessor  of  surgery  in  the  Albany  medical  col- 
lege; became  dean  of  the  same  instituti<m; 
and  in  1895  was  made  regent  of  the  New 
York  state  university  of  Albany.  He  has 
traveled  extensively  in  Europe;  and  is  a 
member  of  the  leading  medical  associations. 
He  has  written  extensively  on  medical  sub- 


jects, and  is  one  of  the  foremost  leaders  in 
his  profession. 

Van  Derveer,  Ferdinand,  soldier,  lawyer, 
was  born  Feb.  27,  1823,  in  Butler  county, 
Ohio.  He  enlisted  as  a  private  in  an  Ohio 
regiment  during  the  Mexican  war;  rose  to 
the  rank  of  captain;  and  headed  one  of  the 
assaulting  columns  at  the  capture  of  ISlon- 
terey.  He  subsequently  practiced  law;  and 
became  sherilf  of  Butler  county,  Ohio.  He 
died  Nov.  5,  1892,  in  Hamilton,  Ohio. 

Vandervoort,  Paul,  soldier,  was  born  in 
184(5.  In  1882-83  he  was  commander-in- 
chief  of  the  Grand  army  of  the  republic. 
He  died  July  29,   1902,  in   Cuba. 

Van  Deusen,  Mrs.  Mary  Westbrook,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  in  1829,  in  New  York. 
She  is  a  writer  of  Rondout,  N.Y".  She  is  the 
author  of  Rachel  Uu  Mont;  Gertrude  \Vill- 
oughby,  a  novel;  Colonial  Dames  of  Ameri- 
ca; and  Voices  of  My  Heart,  a  book  of 
poems. 

Van  Devanter,  Willis,  lawyer,  legislator, 
jurist,  was  born  April  17,  1859,  in  Marion, 
Ind.  He  has  been  city  attorney;  a  member 
of  the  ^Vyoming  territorial  legislature;  and 
commissioner  to  revise  territorial  laws.  He 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Wyoming  for  two  terms.  In  1897-1903  he 
was  assistant  attorney-general  of  United 
States;  and  since  1903  has  been  United 
States  circuit  judge  for  the  eighth  circuit. 

Van  De  Ven,  Cornelius,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  June  10,  18G5,  in  Holland.  Since 
1904  he  has  been  Roman  catholic  bishop  of 
Natcliitoches.   La. 

Vandever,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
irressman.  was  born  March  31,  1817,  in  Bal- 
timore. Md.  In  1859-63  and  1887-91  he  was 
a  representative  from  Iowa  to  the  thiity- 
sixth,  thirty-seventh,  fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  served  as  a 
colonel  in  the  union  army  in  1861.  He  died 
July  23,  1893,  in  San  P.uennvontura.  Cal. 

Van  De  Vyver,  Augustine,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Dee.  1,  1844,  in  Beljrium. 
lie  was  Roman  catholic  bishop  of  Rieliniond, 
Ya.  lie  died  Oct.  16,  1911.  in  Richmond,  Va. 
Van  De  Warker,  Edward  Ely,  pliysician, 
suri;eon.  was  born  Nov.  27,  1841,  in  Troy. 
N.Y.  He  l)ecame  assistant  surgeon  in  the 
one  hundred  and  sixty-second  regiment  New 
York  volunteers ;  and  in  1864  was  promoted 
to  surgeon.  Tie  was  post  surgeon  in  tlie 
Virginia  hosjiital ;  and  medical  director  of 
tiie  first  ])rovincial  division  of  Georgia.  After 
the  civil  war  he  was  engaged  in  pracrice  in 
Syracuse.  N.Y. ;  and  became  surgeon  to  the 
Central  New  York  hos])ital.  He  was  i)resi- 
dent  of  the  American  gynecological  society. 

Vandewater,  George  Roe,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  linin  .\pril  25,  1854.  in  Flushing. 
N.Y.  In  1888  he  became  rector  of  St.  An- 
drew's church  of  New  York  City.  lie  is 
identified  with  the  cathedral  and  the  cathe- 
dral schools  in  Garden  City.  Long  Island. 
N.Y. :  and  in  1892-1905  was  a  trustee  of 
Cornell   university  ;   and  of  the  general   the- 


534 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


P 


ological  seminary.  He  is  the  anthou  of  Man- 
ual of  Clmrcli  Music ;  The  Hymn-book  for 
Missions  ;  and  Manual  of  Church  Prayer. 

Vandiver,  Willard  Duncan,  educator,  con- 
gressman. Avas  Ijorn  March  30,  1854,  in  Hardy 
county,  W.Va.  He  was  professor  of  natural 
science  in  Bellevue  institute,  and  became  its 
president.  In  1889  he  accepted  the  chair  of 
science  in  th.e  State  Normal  school  at  Cape 
Girardeau :  and  in  1893  became  its  presi- 
dent. In  1897-1905  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh  and 
fifty-eighth  congresses.  Since  1905  he  has 
been  insurance  commissioner  for  the  state  of 
Missouri. 
Van  Doren,  Louis  Otis,  lawyer,  business 
resident,  was  born  Sept.  21.  1863,  in  New 
York  City.  In  1885  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  He  is  president  of  the  East  Borough 
Improvement  company^  president  of  the  Law- 
yers' Site  Purchasing  company,  and  treas- 
urer of  the  Central  Chatham  Land  company. 
Van  Dorn,  Earl,  soldier,  was  born  Sept. 
17.  1820,  in  Port  Gibson,  Miss.  In  1842  he 
graduated  from  West  Point ;   and  served  in 

the  Mexican  and  civil 
wars,  attaining  the 
rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral. In  1861  he  was 
appointed  brigadier- 
general  of  the  state 
forces  by  the  Missis- 
sippi legislature ;  and 
afterward  succeeded 
Jefferson  Davis  as  ma- 
jor-general. He  wa? 
one  of  the  generals 
in  command  at  Cor- 
inth and  at  Pea  Ridge. 
After  galJant  service  in  the  confederate  army 
he  was  fatally  shot  by  a  Dr.  Peters  May  8, 
1863.  iu  Springfield.  Tenn. 

Van  Dusen,  Washington,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Feb.  ?,.  1857.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems  en- 
titled Immortelles,  and  Other  Poems. 

Van  Duzer,  Clarence  D.,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  May  4,  1866, 
near  Mountain  Ciiy.  Nevada.  In  1893  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  and  in  1892  was  ap- 
pointed state  land  agent.  In  1898-1900  he 
was  district  attorney  of  Humboldt  county ; 
and  in  1900-02  was  a  member  of  the  Nevada 
state  legislature,  of  which  he  was  elected 
speaker.  In  1903-07  he  was  a  democratic  rep- 
resentative fiom  Nevada  to  the  fifty-eighth 
and  fifty-ninth  congresses.  He  is  engaged  in 
mininig. 

Van  Dyke,  Cornelius  Van  Allen,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  l»orn  Aug.  13.  1818,  in 
Kinderhook.  N.Y.  He  superintended  the  pub- 
lication of  a  version  of  the  whole  bible  in 
1864-67  for  the  American  bilile  society.  He 
was  t!i(>  auliior  iu  Araliic  of  a  series  of  math- 
ematical, cliemical.  astronomical  and  hygienic 
works.  He  died  Nov.  16,  1895,  in  P.eyrout, 
Syria. 

Van  Dyke,  Henry,  clcrgynum,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  10,  1852,  in  Germantown,  I'a.    He 


was  pastor  of  the  Unifed  congregational 
church  of  Nantucket  in  1879-82  ;  and  in  1883- 
1900  of  the  Brick  presbyterian  church  of  New 
York.  He  is  professor  of  English  literature 
at  Princeton  university.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Reality  of  Religion ;  The  Story  of 
the  Psalms ;  The  National  Sin  of  Literary 
Piracy ;  The  Poetry  of  Tennyson ;  Sei'mons 
to  Young  Men ;  The  Christ  Child  in  Art ; 
Little  Rivers ;  The  Story  of  the  Other  AVise 
Man  ;  God  and  Little  Children  ;  The  Gospel 
for  an  Age  of  Doubt ;  The  Builders  and 
Other  Poems ;  The  First  Christmas  Tree ; 
The  Lost  Word  ;  The  Toiling  of  Felix  ;  and 
Fisherman's  Lunch. 

Van  Dyke,  Henry  Herbert,  financier,  was 
born  in  1809  in  Kinderhook,  N.Y.  He  became 
superintendent  of  public  instruction  for  the 
state  of  New  York  in  1857.  In  1861-65  he 
was  superintendent  of  the  state  banking  de- 
partment :  and  in  1865-67  was  assistant  Unit- 
ed States  treasurer.  In  1883-88  he  was  pres- 
ident of  the  American  safe  deposit  company. 
New  York  City.  He  died  Jan.  22,  1888,  in 
New  Yoi-k  City. 

Van  Dyke,  Henry  Jackson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  2.  1822,  in  Abingdon, 
I'a.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of 
Brooklyn.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Lord's 
Prayer  :  and  The  Church  :  Her  Ministry  and 
Sacraments.  He  died  May  26,  1891,  iu  Brook- 
lyn.  N.Y. 

Van  Dyke,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  congresa- 
man,  was  born  April  3,  1807,  in  Lamington, 
N.J.  In  1847-51  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirtieth  and  thirty- 
first  congresses.  In  1859  he  was  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey. 
ilo  died  Dec.  24,  1878.  in  Wabasha,  Minn. 
Van  Dyke,  Joseph  Smith,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior.  was  lM)rn  Nov.  2.  1832.  in  Bound  Brook, 
N.J.  In    1857    he    graduated    from   Princeton 

university  where  he 
received  the  honorary 
degree  of  D.D. ;  and  in 
1861  graduated  from 
the  I'rinceton  theolog- 
ical seminary.  In  1861- 
69  he  filled  a  pastor- 
ate in  the  presbyter- 
ian church  of  Blooms- 
bury,  N.J. ;  in  1869- 
97  preached  in  Cran- 
bury,  N.J. ;  and  then 
at  (ilassboro,  N.J.  He 
is  the  author  of  Pop- 
ery the  Foe  of  the  Church ;  Prohibition  of 
the  Liquor  Traffic;  Through  the  Prison  to 
tlie  Tiirone  ;  From  (Jloom  to  Gladness  ;  and 
Theism    or   EvoUiliou. 

Van  Dyke,  John  Charles,  educator,  art- 
critic,  author,  was  born  April  21.  1856,  in 
New  Brunswick,  N.J.  He  has  been  profes- 
sor of  the  history  of  art  at  Rutgers'  college. 
He  is  an  art  critic  and  lilirariaii  of  the  Sage 
lilirary  at  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  He  is  the 
author  of  Books  and  How  to  Use  Them; 
Principles  of  Art;  How  fo  Judge  a  Picture; 
Serious  Art  in  America  ;  Art  for  Art's  Sake ; 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY 


535 


History  of  Paiiitins;  Old  Dutch  and  Flem- 
ish Masters ;  Modeiu  Freiuh  Masters ;  Na- 
ture For  Its  Own  Sake;  6id  Eniilish  Mas- 
ters; The  Opal  ^'ea  ;  and  Stndi''^  in  1'm- 
tures. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas,  lawyer,  congressnuni, 
"overnur.  was  burn  Si-[)t.  25,  IToS,  in  New 
Castle  county,  Del.  In  1777-82  he  was  a 
delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  continental 
congress;  and  was  a  signer  of  the  articles 
of  confederation.  In  1783-80  he  was  repub- 
lican governor  of  Delaware.  He  died  Feb. 
19,  1789,  in  New  Castle  county,  Del. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas,  lawyer,  congressman, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Dec.  20, 
17G9,  in  New  Castle,  Del.  He  was  elected 
in  1799  to  the  legislature  of  Delaware;  and 
in  1807-11  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
tenth  and  eleventh  congress.  In  1815  he 
became  a  member  of  the  state  senate;  and 
in  1817-26  he  was  a  United  States  senator. 
Ho  died  May  21,  1820.  in  New  Castle,  Del. 
Van  Dyke,  Paul,  clergyman,  theologian, 
author,  was  born  March  25,  1859,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  In  1892-98  he  was  pastor  of  Ed- 
\vard  s  congregational  church  of  Northamp- 
ton, Mass.;  and  since  1898  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  modern  European  history  at 
Princeton  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Age  of  the  Renaissance;  and  Renais- 
sance Portraits. 

Van  Dyke,  Theodore  Strong,  irrigation 
engineer,  author,  was  born  July  19,  1842,  in 
New  Brunswick,  N.J.  He  was  the  first  to 
make  known  the  internal  beautit's  and  ad- 
vantages of  southern  California  to  the 
sportsman,  settler  and  invalid.  He  prac- 
ticed law  for  nine  years;  and  in  1872  was 
a  member  of  the  Minnesota  state  assembly. 
He  is  tlie  author  of  Rifle,  Rod  and  Gun  in 
California;  Soutliern  California;  The  Still 
Hunter;  Game  Birds  at  Home;  Southern 
California  the  Italy  of  America;  and  ]\Iil- 
lionaii<'s  of  a  Day. 

Van  Dyke,  Walter,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
jurist,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1823,  in  Tyre,  N.Y. 
In  1848  he  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
Cleveland.'  Oliio.  In  1851  he  was  elected 
dintrict  attorney  of  Klamath  county,  Cal.; 
and  in  1852  was  a  representative  in  the 
hgisiative  assembly.  In  1854  he  was  elect- 
e(l  district  attorney  of  Humbohlt  county: 
and  in  18(il  was  a  member  of  the  Califor- 
nia state  senate.  In  18(53-84  he  practiced 
law  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  was  I'nited 
States  attorni'V  of  California  in  1874-77; 
and  in  1S78  was  a  delegate  at  large  to  the 
constitutional  convention.  In  1885-88  he 
practiced  law  in  Los  Angeles.  Cal.;  and  in 
1888-98  was  judge  of  the  su|)erior  court  for 
Los  Angeles  eoiinty.  Cal.  In  1899  he  be- 
came an  associate  justice  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  of  California.  He  died  in  1905 
in   T^os    .\ngeles.   Cal. 

Van  Dyne,  Frederick,  lawyer,  di|»lomat, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  24,  18<il.  in  Palmyra. 
N.Y.  In  1907  he  was  assistant  solicitor  of 
the    department    of    state    of    the     I'nited 


States;  and  since  1907  has  been  American 
consul  at  Kingston,  Jamaica.  He  is  the 
author  of  Citizenship  of  the  United  States; 
\  an  Dyne  on  Naturali/alion ;  and  Ouv  For- 
eijfu  Service,  The  ABC  of  American  Diplo- 
macy. 

Vane,  Henry,  colonial  governor,  author, 
was  born  in  llil2  in  England.  In  1030-37 
he  was  colonial  governor  of  Massacluisetts. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Healing  Question; 
A  Needful  Corrective;  Meditations  Con- 
cerning Man's  Life;  Meditation  on  Death; 
and  The  Retired  Man's  Meditation.  Ho 
died  June   14,    1002,   in  Massachusetts. 

Van  Eaton,  Henry  S.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Sept.  14,  1820,  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio. 
In  1857  he  was  elected  district  attorney; 
and  in  1859  was  elected  a  representative  in 
the  ^Mississippi  state  legislature.  He  served 
in  the  confederate  army  throughout  the 
civil  war.  In  1880  he  was  appointed  chan- 
cellor of  the  tenth  district  of  Missi.ssippi. 
In  1883-87  he  was  a  representative  from 
.Mississippi  to  the  forty-eighth  and  forty- 
ninth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
about   1900  in  Woodville,  Miss. 

Van  Elten,  Hendrik  Dirk  Kruseman, 
painter,  artist,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1829,  in 
Holland.  lie  received  medals  at  Amster- 
dam and  Philadelphia;  and  contributed 
many  pictures  to  the  exhibitions  at  the 
academy  of  design.  In  1876  he  exhibited  at 
the  Philadelphia  exhibition  his  Clearing  (^IV, 
Adirondacks;  The  Grove  in  the  Heath; 
Russell's  Fails;  Adirondacks;  and  Autumn 
in  the  White  Mountains.  He  died  in  1904 
in  New  York  City. 

Van  Etten,  Amos,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1852.  in  Sussex  county,  N.J.  -  He 
received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  AM.  from 
Rutgers  college,  and  the  degree  of  LL.D. 
froiu  the  Albany  law  school.  In  1870-92  he 
practiced  law  in  Orange  county,  and  since 
1892  in  Ulster  county.  In  1884-87  he  was 
special  county  judge  of  Orange  county,  and 
since  1898  has  been  referee  in  bankru|)tcy 
of  Ulster  county.  He  is  director  and  attor- 
ney for  the  I'ister  and  Delaware  railroad 
and  other  corporations. 

Van  Etten,  Edgar,  soldier,  railroad  presi- 
dent, linancier.  was  born  .\pril  15.  1843.  in 
]\Iilford.  I'a.  Since  1805  he  has  been  in  the 
railway  business;  and  has  served  in  all 
capacities  from  freight  brakeman  up  to  the 
|)resideiicy.  Since  1908  he  has  been  presi- 
(li  nt   (if  the  Cuba   eastern  railway. 

Van  Etten,  Edgar,  railway  ollicial.  lie 
breame  chief  train  dispatcher  and  division 
superintendent  of  the  New  York.  Lake  Erie 
and  Western  railroad  and  other  railroads. 
In  1890-92  he  was  nninager  of  the  Hullalo 
ear  service  as.soeiation.  In  1893-1901  he 
was  general  sui)erintendent  of  the  New 
York  Central  and  Hudson  River  railroa<l. 
and  in  1901-10  was  vice-i»resi(leiit  in  charge 
of  the  Boston  and  Albany  railroad.  Siiu-e 
1910  he  has  been  general  manager  of  the 
Ludlow    and    Southern    railroa<l;    and    also 


536 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


s'nce  1913  has  been  vice-president  of  the 
Chesapeake  Western  railroad. 

Van  Fleet,  William  Gary,  lawyer,  jurist, 
Avas  born  March  24,  1852,  in  Maumee  City, 
Ohio.  He  began  the  practice  of  law  in  1873 
in  Sacramento,  Cal.  In  1881-82  he  was  a 
member  of  the  California  state  legislature; 
and  in  1884-92  was  judge  of  the  superior 
court.  In  1894-99  he  was  associate  justice 
of  the  state  supreme  court  of  California;  and 
since  1907  has  been  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  northern  district  of  Califor- 
nia. 

Van  Gaasbeck,  Peter,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Ulster  county,  N.Y.  In  1793-95  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  third  congress 
from  New  York.     He  died  in  New  York. 

Van  Harlingen,  Arthur,  physician,  author, 
was  horn  Oct.  25,  1845,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  Since  1869  he  has  practiced  medicine 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
Handbook  of  the  Diagnosis  and  Treatment 
of  Skin  Diseases;  and  Handbook  of  Local 
Therapeutics. 

Van  Hise,  Charles  Richard,  educator,  ge- 
ologist, autnor,  was  born  May  29,  1857,  in 
Fulton,  Wis.  In  1882  he  became  professor 
of  geology  in  the  university  of  Wisconsin; 
and  since  1903  has  been  president  of  thr 
board  of  commissioners  of  that  institution 
He  is  the  author  of  various  works  upon  the 
iron-bearing  districts  of  the  La.ce  Superior 
reg'on;  also  works  upon  structural  geology 
and  upon  metamorphism. 

Van  Horn,  Burt,  manufacturer,  state  leg- 
islator,    congressman,    was    born    Nov.    28, 

1823,  in  Newfane,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  New  York  state  legislature  in  1858- 
60.  In  1861-63  and  1865-69  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
seventh,  thirty-ninlh  and  fortieth  congresses 
as  a   republican. 

Van  Horn,  George,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  5,  1850,  in  Otsego  county, 
N.Y.       He     was     educated     in     the     public 

schools;  at  the  Coop- 
erst  own  s  e  m  i  n  ary ; 
and  at  the  New  Ber- 
lin academy.  In  1871 
he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law. 
In  1881  he  was  elect- 
ed clerk  of  the  coun- 
ty of  Otsego,  and  re- 
elected in  1884;  and 
was  twice  elected  su- 
pervisor of  the  town 
of  Otsego.  In  1891- 
93  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  fifty-second 
congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  1904  in 
Cooperstown,  N.Y. 

Van  Horn,  Robert  Thompson,  soldier, 
journalist,     legislator,     was    born     May     19, 

1824,  in  Hast  Mahoning,  Pa.  He  attended 
the  ordinary  schools  of  that  time;  at  fif- 
teen  years   of   age  he   entered   the   office   of 


the    Indiana     (Pa.) 


Register, 


four 


years  as  an  apprentice  to  the  printing  busi- 
ness. He  moved  to  Ohio  in  1844,  and  to  his 
present  place  of  residence  m  Missouri  in 
1855,  where  he  established  the  Kansas  City 
Journal,  of  which  he  was  editor  until  1896. 
He  was  elected  mayor  of  that  city  in  1861 
and  again  in  1865.  He  served  during  the 
war,  first  as  major  of  Van  Horn's  battalion, 
United  States  reserve  corps,  taking  part  in 
the  battle  and  siege  of  Lexington,  under 
Colonel  Mulligan,  in  September,  1861;  then 
as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  twenty-fifth 
ilissouri  infantry,  commanding  the  regi- 
ment in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and  serving 
in  the  army  of  the  Tennessee  and  in  the 
campaigns  of  southeast  Missouri  and  Ar- 
kansas. While  in  the  field  he  was  elected 
to  the  Missouri  senate  in  1862;  and  in 
1865-71,  1881-83  and  1895-97  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thirty-ninth,  fortieth, 
fortj'-first,  forty-seventh  and  fifty-fourth 
congresses.  He  was  collector  of  internal 
revLUue  for  the  sixth  district  of  Missouri 
from  September,  1875,  to  1881.  He  has 
been  a  delegate  to  the  republican  national 
conventions  of  1864,  1868,  1872,  1876,  1880 
and  1884,  being  twice  a  member  of  the  na- 
t'onal  republican  committee,  and  chairman 
of  the  republican  state  committee  of  Mis- 
souri; and  was  one  of  the  306  voting  for 
Ceneral  Grant  in  the  convention  of  1880. 

Van  Home,  Archibald,  congressman.  In 
1807-11  he  was  a  representative  from  Mary- 
land to  the  tenth  and  eleventh  congresses. 
He  died  in  JMaryland. 

Van  Home,  David,  clergyman,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1837, 
in  Clen,  N.Y.  Since  1888  he  has  been 
president  and  professor  of  systematic  theol- 
ogy in  the  Central  theological  seminary  of 
the  Reformed  church  at  Dayton,  Ohio.  He 
is  the  author  of  Tent  and  Saddle  Life  in 
the  Holy  Land ;  Religion  and  Revelation ; 
and  the  Church  and  The  Future  Life. 

Van  Home,  Espy,  congressman,  Avas  born 
in  Lycoming  county.  Pa.  In  1825-29  he 
was  a  representative  from  Peimsylvania  to 
the  nineteenth  and  twentieth  congresses. 
He  died  Jiuie  25,  1829,  in  Williamsport,  Pa. 

Van  Home,  Isaac,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1801-05  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  seventh  and  eighth  congresses ;  and  was 
then  appointed  receiver  of  public  moneys  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio.  He  died  in  Zanesville, 
Ohio. 

Van  Home,  Thomas  B.,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  about  1840.  He  was  chap- 
lain in  the  federal  army  during  the  civil 
war.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland ;  and  Life  of 
jMajor-Oeneral   Thomas. 

Van  Home,  William  Cornelius,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1843,  in  Will 
county,  111.  He  became  general  manager  of 
the  Canadian  Pacific  railroad,  of  whicli  the 
section  through  the  wheat  districts  of  i\Iani- 
toba  had  just  been  completed.  He  was 
elected    vice-president    of    the    company    in 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


537 


1884;  and  in  1888-99  was  its  president,  lie 
is  president  of  the  Cuba  company. 

Van  Home,  William  McCadden,  soldier, 
was  born  Aug.  22,  1842,  in  Ohio.  In  18G1- 
64  he  served  as  a  private  in  company  E, 
second  regiment  Ohio  volunteer  infantry; 
then  became  second  lieutenant;  and  was 
made  captain  in  1805.  In  1800  lie  was 
made  lirst  lieutenant  in  the  United  (States 
infantry;  became  colonel  in  1901;  and  was 
retired  the  same  year  as  brigadier-general 
of  the  I'nited  States  army. 

Van  Houton,  Isaac  B.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Kockland  county,  N.Y.  In  1833-35 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  twentj'-third 
congress  from  New  York.  He  died  in  New 
York. 

Van  Laer,  Alexander  Theobald,  lecturer, 
artist,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1857,  in  Auburn, 
N.Y".  He  is  an  associate  of  the  national 
academy  of  design;  and  is  an  exhibitor  in 
leading  American  exhibitions.  He  has  lec- 
tured on  art  history  at  the  Chautauqua, 
N.Y".,  for  seven  years;  and  has  lectured  in 
free  lecture  courses  of  New  Y'ork  for  nine 
years. 

Van  Lennep,  Henry  John,  missionary,  au- 
thor, was  born  ^larch  8,  1815,  in  Asia 
Minor.  He  was  a  congregational  mission- 
ary in  Asia  Minor  in  1839-09.  He  was  the 
author  of  Ten  Days  Among  Greek  Brig- 
ands; Bible  Lands;  Travels  in  Little  Known 
Parts  of  Asia  Minor;  and  The  Oriental  Al- 
lium. He  died  Jan.  11,  1889,  in  Barring- 
ton,  Mass. 

Van  Liew,  Charles  Cecil,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1802,  in 
Aurora,  111.  Since  1899  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  California  state  normal  school. 
He  has  translated  several  works ;  and  is 
part  author  of  Phonics  and  Reading. 

Van  Long,  Elisha,  lawj^er,  jurist.  He  was 
Judge  of  one  of  tlie  United  States  territo- 
rial courts  sometime  prior  to  1884. 

Van  Marter,  Martha,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  31.  1839,  in  Lyons,  N.Y". 
Since  1890  she  has  edited  Children's  Home 
Missons;  has  edited  Women's  home  mis- 
sions since  1902;  and  also  libraries  for  pri- 
mary classes.  She  is  the  author  of  Jessie 
in  Switzerland;  and  The  Primary  Teacher, 
born  in  Ohio.  In  1843-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative   from    Ohio    to    the    twenty-eighth 

Van  Meter,  John  J.,  congressman,  was 
fongr.-NS.     Ill'  (lied  in  r)hio. 

Vannah, .  Letitia  Katherine,  journalist, 
composfr.  poet,  was  born  Oct.  27.  1855.  in 
(Jardiner.  Maine.  She  has  been  a  journalist 
and  miscellaneous  writer:  and  is  now  best 
known  iimlcr  the  name  of  Kate  Vannah.  She 
has  eoin|)Osr'il  numerous  uuisical,  vocal  and 
instnuniMital  pieces.  She  is  the  author  of 
Verses;  and  from  Heart  to  Heart,  a  volume 
of  poems. 

Van  Ness,  Cornelius  Peter,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  li'uisliitor.  diplomat.  2overnor.  was  born 
Jan.  26.  1782.  in  Kinderhook.  N.Y.  He  was 
in  the  state  legislature  in  1818-21  :  and  was  a 


commissioner  to  settle  the  national  bouud- 
aries  under  the  treaty  of  Ghent  in  1817-21. 
lie  was  chief  justice  ot  the  state  in  1821-23; 
and  was  the  seventh  governor  of  Vermont  in 
1823-26.  He  was  minister  to  Spain  in  1829- 
39 ;  and  was  collector  of  the  port  of  New 
York  in  1844-45.  He  died  Dec.  15,  1852,  in 
Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Vann,  Irving  Goodwin,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  3,  1842,  in  Uly.sses,  N.Y.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  at  the  Trumansliuri;  and 

the  Ithaca  academies, 
graduated  from  Y'^ale 
college  in  1863,  and 
from  the  Albany  Law 
school  in  1865.  In 
1879  he  served  as 
mayor  of  Syracuse ; 
and  in  1882-96  was 
justice  of  the  supreme 
court.  In  1896  he  was 
appointed  by  the  gov- 
ernor as  judge  of  the 
court  of  appeals  for 
the  state  of  New- 
York  ;  and  the  same  year  was  elected  to  that 
high  office  for  a  full  term  of  fourteen  years. 
He  is  a  lecturer  in  Cornell,  Syracuse  and 
Albany  law  schools. 

Van  Ness,  John  Peter,  lawyer,  banker, 
congressman.  w:'s  born  in  1770  in  Ghent.  N. 
Y.  In  1801-03  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
seventh  congress.  He  was  the  first  presi- 
dent of  the  Bank  of  the  Metropolis  in  1814 ; 
and  was  also  elected  mayor  of  Washington. 
He  died  March  7.  1847.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Van  Ness,  Marcia  Burns,  abolitionist, 
philanthropist,  was  born  in  1782  in  Wash- 
ington. D.C.  She  received  a  thorough  educa- 
tion. On  her  death  the 
people  at  Washington 
held  a  large  meeting, 
at  which  prominent 
men  eulogized  her 
good  deeds.  She  was 
an  abolitionist  known 
the  world  over ;  and 
contributed  stirring 
articles  on  that  sub- 
ject to  the  leading 
newsjiapers  and  mag- 
azines of  the  United 
States,  which  materi- 
ally i'.idcd  tl'.e  cansf.  She  died  in  September, 
1832.   in    Washington,   D.C. 

Van  Ness,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author, 
was  bovn  .lune  29.  1859,  in  lialtimore.  .Md. 
He  is  a  unitarian  clergyman  of  Boston;  pas- 
tor of  the  ScfOiid  church.  lie  is  the  author 
of  The  Coming  Ifdigion  :  The  Ideal  Com- 
monwealth: and   My   \isit  to  Count  Tolstoi. 

Van  Ness,  William  Peter,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  lioiii  in  1778  in  Glu'n^  N.Y. 
In  1812-26  he  was  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  southern  district  of  New  York. 
He  was  the  author  of  Examination  of 
Charges  Against  Aaron  Burr;  Laws  of  New 


538 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


York ;  and  Concise  Narrative  of  Jaclison's 
First  Invasion  of  Florida.  He  died  Sex)t.  16, 
1826.  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Ness,  William  W.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
legislator,  born  in  1776  in  Claverack,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  assem- 
bly in  1804-06,  and  the  leader  of  the  feder- 
alist party.  Ke  was  a  judse  of  the  supreme 
court  in  1807-22.  He  died  Feb.  27,  1823,  in 
Charleston,   S.C. 

Van  Nest,  Abraham  Rynier,  clergyman, 
author.  \\as  born  Feb.  1,  1823,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  a  clergyman  of  the  Dutch  re- 
formed church  in  charge  of  American  chap- 
els abroad ;  and  pastor  in  Philadelphia  in 
1878-86.  He  was  the  author  of  Signs  of  the 
Times ;  and  Life  of  G.  Betliune.  He  died 
June  2,  1892,  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Noppen,  Leonard  Charles,  translator, 
author,  was  born  in  1868.  He  has  made  the 
only  English  translation  of  The  Lucifer,  by 
Joost  Van  Vondel. 

Van  Norden,  Charles,  clergyman,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1848,  in 
New  York  City.    In  1863  he  graduated  from 

Hamilton  college ;  and 
has  received  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  D.D. 
for  the  university  of 
Now  York  ;  and  LL.D. 
fiom  Hamilton  college. 
He  was  president  of 
Elniira  college  of  New 
York.  He  was  pastor 
of  the  North  congre- 
gational church  of 
Springfield.  Mass. ; 

later  was  manager  of 
the  Central  California 
electric  company ;  and  is  now  retii'ed  to  a 
private  life  of  literary  activity  in  East  Au- 
burn. Cal.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Outer- 
most Rim  and  Beyond  ;  The  Psychic  Factor ; 
Jesus,  the  Unfinished  Portrait ;  and  Yoland 
of  Idle  Isle,  a  romance. 

Van  Norden,  Warner,  banker,  capitalist, 
was  born  July  2,  1841.  in  New  York.  He 
was  educnted   in   the  public  schools;   and   at 

the  university  of  New 
York.  In  1891-1902  he 
was  president  of  the 
bank  of  North  Amer- 
ica ;  find  is  now  re- 
tired. He  is  a  director 
of  the  Van  Norden 
trust  company  ;  direct- 
or of  the  Mercantile 
national  bank  :  a  di- 
rector of  the  Century 
realty  company  :  a  di- 
rector of  the  Standard 
milling  company  ;  a 
dir(>ctor  of  the  New  Y'ork  mortgage  and  se- 
curity company-;  a  director  of  the  American 
surety  company ;  a  director  of  the  Van 
'Norden  safe  deposit  company;  and  a  director 
of  the  New  York  bankers"  real  estate  cor- 
i)()ration;  the  Fifth  avenue  estates:  and  the 


Scarsdale  estates.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
New  York  chamber  of  commerce ;  a  director 
of  the  American  tract  society ;  and  ex- 
president  of  the  Holland  society.  Lie  is  pres- 
ident of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Pres- 
bytery ;  and  a  member  of  the  board  of  for- 
eign missions  of  the  presbyterian  church.  He 
is  also  a  membei'  of  se\'eral  clubs. 

Van  Norman,  Daniel  Cummings,  educator, 
clergyman,  founder,  was  born  in  August, 
1815.  in  Nelson,  Canada  West.  He  founded 
and  became  principal  of  the  Van  Norman  in- 
stitute of  New  Y'ork  City,  a  school  for 
young  ladies,  successfully  conducting  that 
institution  antil  his  death.  Although  he  held 
no  regular  pastorate  he  had  preached  more 
than  four  thousand  sermons.  He  died  June 
24.  1S8C.  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Norman,  Louis  Edwin,  editor,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  3,  1869.  in  Canada.  He  is  an 
authority  on  Slavonic  subjects  ;  and  has  trav- 
eled extensively  in  Europe  and  Asia.  He  is 
the  author  of  Poland,  the  Knight  Among  Na- 
tions. 

Van  Ornum,  John  Lane,  soldier,  educator, 
civil  engineer,  was  born  May  14.  1864,  in 
Hartford.  Vt.  In  1888  he  graduated  from 
the  university  of  Wisconsin  as  B.S. ;  and 
subsequently  received  the  degree  of  C.E. 
He  has  held  responsible  positions  on  mu- 
nicipal, railway  and  government  engineering 
works  in  Wisconsin,  ^Michigan.  Tennessee, 
Missouri,  Georgia  and  Florida,  aggregating 
six  years.  In  1892-94  he  was  chief  topog- 
rapher of  the  ^Mexican  boundary  survey  ;  and 
in  1897-98  visited  Europe  to  inspect  engineer- 
ing works  and  schools.  During  the  Spanish- 
American  war  he  was  a  major  of  the  third 
United  States  volunteer  engineers.  Since 
1899  he  has  been  professor  of  civil  engineer- 
ing in  the  Washington  university  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  He  is  actively  engaged  in  various  civic 
enterprises  and  interests  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  is  the  author  of  several  technical  papers; 
and  was  the  pioneer  investigator  and  writer 
on  the  subject  of  the  Fatigue  of  Concrete. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  American  association 
for  the  advancement  of  science :  member  of 
the  American  society  of  civil  engineers ;  and 
a  member  of  numerous  other  clubs,  associa- 
tions and  societies. 

Van  Orsdel,  Josiah  Alexander,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Nov.  17.  1860.  in  New  Bed- 
ford. Pa.  In  1893-94  he  was  county  and 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Laramie  county, 
Wyo. ;  and  in  1895  was  a  representati\-e  to 
the  Wyoming  state  legislature.  In  1895-96 
he  was  chairman  of  the  coinmission  lo  re- 
vise and  codify  the  laws  of  Wyoming;  and 
in  1897-1905  he  was  attorney-general  for  the 
state  of.  Wyoming.  In  1905-06  he  was  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  state  sui>reme  court  of 
Wyoming.  In  1906  he  became  assistant  at- 
torney-general of  the  Ignited  States;  and  in 
1907  was  appointed  justice  of  the  ITnited 
States  court  of  :ii)peals  for  Ihc  District  of 
Columbia. 

Van  Osdel,  John  M.,  desioncr.  architect, 
was  born   July   31.   1811,    in    P..iltimore.   :Md. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


539 


He  was  educated  iu  private  schools  ;  and  at 

tlie  age  of  nineteen 
years  tauuiit  in  a 
drawing  S'-liool  in  New 
York  City.  In  1831- 
36  he  was  eniiaued  as 
a  buiUU-r  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  com- 
pleted the  jvtiuers" 
work  of  tlie  two  lirst 
^  si  earners  ever  built  in 
^  ^1^^      Chicago.   111.    He  built 

Hk^  ^^^^      resiileuces   and   several 

J^^B  Jl^gg     buildin.us    in    Chicago; 

and  was  extensively 
employed  in  the  coustruction  of  machines 
for  pumping  water  from  the  excavations 
made  for  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal, 
which  were  worked  by  a  patent  windmill  of 
his  own  invention.  He  became  one  of  the 
editors  of  the  Scientific  American.  .\.mong 
the  buildings  designed  by  him  are  the  I'almer 
house  ;  Tremont  house  :  Reaper  block  ;  Ken- 
dall block,  all  in  Chicago.  111. :  and  two  of 
the  buildings  (Jf  the  state  university  at  Cham- 
paign.  111.    He  died  in  Cliicaa(\   111. 

Van  Pelt,  John  Vredenburg,  architect, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  2-1  1874,  in  New'  Or- 
leans, La.  Since  1904  he  has  practiced  archi- 
teeture  in  New  York.  He  was  architect  for 
the  stadium  and  training  house  of  Cornell 
university:  and  has  received  many  prizes  for 
his  work.  He  is  the  author  of  Discussion  of 
Comiiosition  as  A])plie(l  id  Art. 

Van  Petten,  John  Bullock,  soldier,  edu- 
cator, was  born  June  19.  1827,  in  Sterling, 
N.Y.  In  1862  he  was  lientenant-colonel  in 
the  one  hundred  and  sixtieth  regiment  New 
York  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevet  ted 
briL'adier-genera!  of  volunteers.  He  was  hon- 
orably mustered  out  in  1866.  In  1868-69 
ln'  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate.  In 
1S77-82  he  was  princijial  of  the  seminary  of 
Sodalia,  Mo.  ;  and  in  1885-1900  was  i)rofessor 
of  lijitin  and  history  at  Claverack  college  of 
Now  York. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Cortland,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  l)urii  .Miiy  20.  1808.  in  Albany,  N. 
Y.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman ;  and 
was  secretary  of  the  jiresbyterian  board  of 
education  in  1846-60.  He  was  the  author 
of  Miscellaneous  Scrinons.  Kssays  and  Ad- 
dresses; and  Kssays  and  Hi.seouvses.  \\'  died 
July  25.   1860.   in   Builington,   N..T. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Henry,  soldier,  conirress- 
man.  was  born  in  1810  in  Albany,  .N.Y.  In 
1841-43  ho  was  a  representative  to  the  twen- 
ty-seventh congress;  and  in  1855-60  was 
jiresident  of  mininii  companios.  At  the  be- 
ginning of  till-  civil  war  ho  wns  appointed 
<-liief-of-stalT  lo  (Jeneral  Winlield  Scott,  with 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  lie  became  in- 
spector-general with  the  raidc  of  coloncd  on 
the  retirement  of  (I"neral  Scott;  and  he 
ser\ed  in  the  department  of  the  Ohio  until 
his  death.  He  died  March  23.  1864.  iu  <'in- 
ciiniati.  Ohio. 

Van    Rensselaer,    Jeremiah,    patriot,    lieu- 


tenant-gov(  rnor.  congressman,  was  born  in 
1741  in  New  York  City.  He  was  a  patriot 
of  the  revolution.  In  1789-91  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  first  con- 
gress ;  and  was  lieutenant-governor  of  New 
York  iu  1801-04.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1810.  He  died  Feb.  22.  1820,  in 
Albany.  N.Y. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Killian,  second  lord  of 
the  manor,  was  born  in  1662.  in  Rensselaers- 
wick.  He  was  an  officer  of  militia  and  a 
magistrati' ;  represented  the  manor  in  the 
assembly  in  1693-1704 ;  and  was  a  member 
of  the  council  in  1704-19.  In  1705  he  con- 
veyed Claverack,  or  the  lower  manor,  to  his 
brother,  Hendrick.  He  died  in  1719  in  Kens- 
selaerswick. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Killian  K.,  congressman, 
was  born  in  17o3  in  llensselaer  county.  N.Y. 
In  1801-11  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  seventh,  eightli.  ninth,  tenth  am! 
eleventh  congresses.  He  died  .Tune  18.  1845, 
in    .Mbany.    N.Y. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Mrs.  M.  King,  litterateur, 
autlior.  was  born  May  25.  1848.  in  New  York 
City.  She  is  the  wife  of  John  King  Van 
Rensselaer.  She  is  the  author  of  Crochet 
I-.->^e  ;  The  Devil's  Picture  Books  ;  New  York- 
ers of  the  Nineteenth  Century ;  History  of 
Newport ;  Xonsuch  Euchre  and  Other  Games. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Mrs.  Mariana,  art  critic, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  23.  1851,  in  New  York 
City.  She  is  an  art  critic  of  New  York  City  ; 
and  was  i)resident  of  the  Public  educational 
association  of  New  York.  She  is  the  author 
of  Art  Out  of  Doors,  a  work  on  gardening  ; 
English  Cathedrals;  Six  I'ortraits;  Hand- 
book of  Euiilish  Cathedrals;  Henry  Hobson 
Richardson;  One  Man  wiio  was  Content,  and 
Other    Stories. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Maunsell,  clergyman,  ool- 
leue  prc'-'denr.  author,  was  born  April  15. 
1819.  in  Ali)aiiy.  N.Y.  He  was  an  episcopal 
clergyman  of  New  York  '^^'ity  ;  and  in  1872- 
76  president  of  llobart  college.  He  was  the 
author  of  Sister  Louise;  her  Life  Book;  and 
.\nnals  of  the  Viiu  RcMisselacrs  in  the  Cnited 
States.    He  died  iu  1900  in  New  York  City. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Philip  S.,  founder,  was 
born  April  15.  1767.  in  Albany.  N.Y.  He  be- 
( nnic  mayor  of  Albany  in  1799.  ami  held 
othic  for  ninciccn  years,  tin-  longest  service 
of  any  mayor  of  that  city.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Albany  Bible  society  for  many 
ye.irs;  a  trustee  of  Cnion ;  and  a  founder 
of  Albany  academy.  1I(>  died  Sept.  25,  1824. 
iu  Albany,   N.V. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Solomon,  soldier,  con- 
gre~;sman.  wns  lorn  Aug.  6.  1774.  in  Uens- 
sehie"- coimtv.  N.Y.  lie  was  ad.jntant-general 
of  New  York  in  iSOl  10  and  1813.  Iu  1821- 
23  he  was  a  rejiresentative  from  New  York 
to  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  congress.  He 
was  postmaster  at  Albany.  He  flied  .Vpril 
23.  1852.  near  Albany.   N.V. 

Van  Rensselaer,"  Stephen,  the  last  patroon, 
was  born  Manh  29.  1789.  in  Albany.  N.Y. 
l>tuing    the    anii-r.'iit     troubles    in    1839    he 


540 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


sold  his  townships;  and  at  his  death  the 
manor  passed  out  of  the  hands  of  his  de- 
scendants. He  died  May  25,  1868,  in  Albany, 
N.Y. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Stephen,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  1, 
1765,  in  New  York.  He  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York 
state  senate  in  1795 ; 
and  was  six  years  lieu- 
tenant-governor of 
New  York,  la  1821- 
29  he  Avas  a  represen- 
tative to  the  seven- 
teenth, eighteenth, 
nineteenth  and  twen- 
tieth congresses.  In 
1810  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  canal  com- 
missioners ;  and  for 
the  last  fourteen  years 
of  his  life  was  president  of  the  board.  Dur- 
ing the  last  war  with  England  he  command- 
ed as  a  major-general  on  the  Niagara  fron- 
tier. In  1824  he  founded  the  Rensselaer  poly- 
technic institute  at  Troy,  N.Y.  He  was  dis- 
tinguished for  his  wealth  and  munificent 
charities;  and  enjoyed  the  inherited  title  of 
patroon.  He  died  Jan.  26,  1839,  in  Albany, 
N.Y. 

Van  Reypen,  William  Knickerbocker,  na- 
val surgeon,  was  born  Nov.  14,  1840.  in  Ber- 
gen, N.J.  In  1861  he  was  appointed  assistant 
surgeon  in  the  navy ;  became  assistant  sur- 
geon in  1865  ;  and  three  years  later  was  pro- 
moted to  full  surgeon.  In  1887  he  became 
medical  inspector ;  in  1895  was  made  med- 
ical director ;  and  in  1897  became  chief  of 
the  bureau  of  medicine  and  surgery.  In  1902 
he  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  senior  rear- 
admii'al. 

Vansant,  Joshua,  college  president,  con- 
gressman, was  boriT  in  1804  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  In  1853-55  be  was  a  representative 
from  ;\[arylaud  to  the  thirty-third  congress. 
He  was  for  many  years  president  of  the 
Marvland  institute-.  He  died  in  Baltimore, 
Md." 

Van  Sant,  Samuel  R.,  soldier,  business- 
man. Iciiisl.itor,  gcvernor.  was  born  May  11, 
1844,    in    liock    Island,    111.     He    saw    three 

years  of  service  in 
company  A,  ninth  Illi- 
nois cavalry  as  a  pri- 
vate in  the  civil  w"ar; 
and  the  title  of  cap- 
tain comes  from  being 
master  of  a  steam- 
boat. In  1892-96  he 
was  a  member  of  the 
Minnesota  state  legis- 
lature; and  was  unan- 
imously chosen  speak- 
er. In  1900-08  he  was 
the  fourteenth  gov- 
ernor of  Minnesota.  He  is  engaged  in  river 
transportation  ;  and  is  president  of  the  A-'an 
Sant  navigation  company  of  Minneapolis, 
Minn. 


Van  Santvoord,  Cornelius,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  April  8,  1816,  in 
Belleville,  N.J.  He  was  chaplain  in  the 
United  Stfites  army  in  1861-65  ;  associate  ed- 
itor of  the  Interior  of  Chicago  in  1889-71; 
and  in  1871-76  commissioner  of  schools  in 
Ulster  county.  New  York,  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Memoir  of  Eliphalet  Nott ;  and  Lim- 
itation of  the  Liabilities  of  Ship  Owners  Un- 
der United  States  Laws,  He  died  in  1892  in 
New  York  City. 

Van  Santvoord,  George,  lawyer,  author, 
was  horn  Dec.  S,  1819,  in  Belleville,  N.J. 
In  1852-56  he  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  assembly;  and  in  1860-63  district  attor- 
ney of  Rensselaer  county.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Life  of  Algernon  Sidney ;  Lives  of 
the  Chief  Justices  of  the  United  States  ;  The 
Indiana  Justice;  Principles  of  Pleading  in 
Civil  Actions;  Precedents  of  Pleading;  and 
Practice  in  Equity  Acijons  in  New  York 
Supreme  Court.  He  died  March  6,  1863,  in 
East  Albany.   N.Y. 

Van  Santvoord,  Harold,  author,  was  born 
in  1854  in  New  York.  He  was  a  New  York 
writer.  He  was  the  author  of  Half  Holidays, 
a  volume  of  essays. 

Van  Scoy,  Thomas,  educator,, clergyman, 
college  presidcuL,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1848.  in 
White  county,  Ind,  He  has  attained  suc- 
cess as  a  professor  of  ancient  languages.  He 
was  president  of  the  Williamette  university 
of  Oreiion  for  twelve  years ;  dean  of  the 
I'ortland  university  for  seven  years;  and  in 
1898  became  jjresident  of  Mount  Wesleyan 
university.   He  died  in  1900  in  Helena,  Mont. 

Van  Schaack,  Henry  Cruger,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  3,  1802,  in  Kinderhook. 
N.Y,  He  was  a  lawyer  of  Manlius,  N,Y. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  Manlius 
Village:  An  Old  Kinderhook  :Mansion  ;  Cap- 
tain Thomas  Morris  ;  and  Life  of  Peter  Van 
Schaack.  He  died  Dec.  16.  1887,  in  Manlius, 
N.Y. 

Van  Schaack,  Peter,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  March,  1747,  in  Kinder- 
hook, N.Y.  He  was  a  once  famous  jurist  of 
Kinderhook.  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of 
Laws  of  the  Colony  of  New  York;  and  Con- 
ductor (ieneralis.  He  died  Sept.  17,  1832,  in 
Kinderliook,  N.Y. 

Van  Sohaick,  Gozen,  soldier,  was  born  in 
January.  1737,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He  served 
in  the  revolutionary  war;  and  in  1783  was 
appointed  a  brigadier-general  by  brevet.  He 
died  July  4.  1789. 

Van  Schaick,  Isaac  W.,  manufacturer, 
lawyer,  state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  7.  1817,  in  Coxsackie,  N.Y.  In 
1872-76  he  w:is  a  representative  in  the  Wis- 
consin legislatuie ;  and  in  1877-83  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate.  In  1885-91  he 
was  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  to  the 
fortv-ninth.  fiftieth  and  fifty-first  congresses 
as  a  repnl)lican.  He  died  Aug.  22,  1901,  in 
Five  Oaks.  Md. 

Van  Slyke,  Lucius  Lincoln,  chemist,  au- 
thor. \\as  born  Jan.  6,  1859,  in  Centerville, 
N.Y.    Since  1890  he  has  been  chief  chemist 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


541 


4 


of  llio  New  Yolk  agricultural  expeilmental 
station,  llo  is  the  author  of  IModern  Meth- 
ods of  Testin?  Milk  and  Milk  Products. 

Van  Steenwyk,  Gysbert,  soldier,  state 
senator,  banker.  \vas  born  Jan.  30,  1814,  in 
Holland.    Ho  p.n-vcd  two  years  in  the  army 

of      the      Netherlands, 
and   in    1849   came    to 
America.     In    1859   he 
M  was     elected     to     the 

K  ^^  Wisconsin   state   legis- 

]l|     >^3P  •1^  lature ;     and    in    1860 

*  became     bank      comp- 

troiler.      In     1857     ho 

;  was  commissioned  brig- 

adier-general of  state 
troops.  In  1873-74  he 
was  mayor  of  La 
Crohse,  Wis. ;  and 
*  state  senator  in  1879- 
80  He  was  connected  with  the  Victor  flour- 
ing mill,  the  La  Crosse  linseed  oil  mill,  the 
Edison  electric  light  and  power  company, 
the  La  Crosse  street  railway  company,  and 
was  best  known  as  a  banker,  and  for  more 
than  a  quarter  of  a  century  was  president 
of  the  Batavian  bank  of  La  Crosse,  Wis.  He 
died  Ai.ril  14.  1902.  in  La  Crosse,  Wis. 

Van  Syckel,  Bennet,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  April  17.  1830.  in  Hunterdon  county, 
N..T.  He  practiced  law  luitil  1869  in  Tren- 
ton, N.J.  In  1869-1904  he  was  justice  of  the 
state  supreme   couit   of  Now  .Jersey. 

Van  Trump,  Philadelph,  journalist,  hiw- 
yer,  jurist,  conui'essinan,  was  born  Nov.  15, 
1810,  in  Lancaster.  Ohio.  In  1862-66  he  was 
a  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas.  In 
1867-73  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  fortieth,  forty-first  and  forty-second 
congresses.  He  died  July  31,  1874.  in  Cin- 
cinnati. Ohio. 

Van  Twiller,  Wouter,  colonial  governor. 
In  1629-38  he  was  a  Dutch  colonial  governor 
of  \c\v  York. 

Van  Tyne,  Claude  Halstead,  educator, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  16.  1869, 
in  Teciunseh.  Mich.  He  has  traveled  ton 
thousand  miles  on  a  bicycle  as  a  correspond- 
ent for  newspaper  syndicates.  He  is  now  pro- 
fessor of  American  history  at  the  university 
of  Michigan.  He  is  the  author  of  Brief 
History  of  the  Ignited  States  of  America ; 
The  lioyalist  in  the  American  Revolution; 
and  Till'  Airji'i-iraii   Ufvollition. 

Vanuxem,  Lardner,  scientist,  author,  was 
born  July  23,  1792,  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa.  He 
was  stall'  geologise  of  New  York  in  1836-42. 
He  was  the  author  of  Geology  of  New  York. 
Third  District  :  and  Essay  on  the  Tlltimate 
Principles  of  Chemistry.  Natural  I'iiilosophy, 
and  I'hysiology.  He  died  Jan.  25,  1848,  in 
T'.rislol.   Pa. 

Van  Valkenburgh,  Robert  Bruce,  soldier, 
lawyer,  jurist.  dii)]omat,  congressman,  was 
bom  Sept.  4.  1821,  in  Steuben  county.  N.Y. 
He  served  three  terras  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture of  New  York.  In  1861-65  he  was  a  icp- 
resentative  from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
seventh  and  thirty-eighth  congresses ;  and  m 


1862,  while  in  congress,  took  command  as 
colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  .seventh  regi- 
ment New  York  volunteers,  and  was  present 
at  the  battle  of  Antietam.  In  1865  he  was 
aiijiointed  acting  commissioner  of  Indian  af- 
fairs during  the  absence  of  the  commission- 
er :  and  in  1865  was  appointed  minister  resi- 
dent to  Japan.  He  was  a  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Florida.  He  died  Aug.  2, 
188S.  in  Suwaiii'c  Siirini^s.  Fla. 

Van  Valzah,  William  Ward,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1849,  in  BufCalc 
Cross  Roads.  Pa.  He  was  professor  of  dis- 
eases of  the  digestive  tube  in  the  New  Y'ork 
polyclinic  iiospital  and  college.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Diseases  of  the  I>igestive  Tube ;  and 
is  part  author  of  Diseases  (Jf  the  Stomach. 

Van  Vechten,  Abraham,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  Dec.  5,  1762,  in 
Catskill.  N.Y.  He  was  known  as  the  father 
of  tiie  -Xew  York  bar.  being  the  first  lawyer 
admitted  to  practice  after  the  adoption  of  the 
state  constitution.  He  was  city  recorder  in 
1797-180S  ;  state  senator  in  1798-1805  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  assemi)ly  in  1805-15;  attor- 
ney-general in  1810  and  1813-15  ;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  conslilulional  convention  in  1821. 
In  1797-1823  he  was  a  regent  of  the  univer- 
sitv  of  tlie  state  of  New  York.  He  died  Jan. 
6.  1837.  in  Albany.  N.Y. 

Van  Vechten,  Jacob,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1788  in  Catskill.  N.Y.  In  1815- 
49  he  was  pastor  of  the  reformed  Dutch 
church  in  Schenectady.  N.Y.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Memoirs  of  Dr.  John  M.  iNIason,  in 
two  volumes  ;  and  An  EiTective  Ministry,  a 
sermon.  He  died  Sept.  15.  1871,  in  Auburn, 
N.Y. 

Van  Vleck,  Edward  Burr,  educator,  mathe- 
matician, author,  was  born  June  7,  1863,  in 
IMiddletown,  Conn.  In  1898-1906  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  malhematics  at  the  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity of  Middietown,  Conn. ;  and  since  1907 
has  been  professor  of  mathematics  at  the 
university  of  Wisconsin.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  1'heory  of  Divergent  Series  and  Al- 
gebraic Continued  Fractions. 

Van  Vleck,  Jacob,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  :\[:ir(li  24.  1751.  in  New  York  City.  In 
1815  he  was  con.sc  crated  to  the  Moravian 
epi.scoi)acy  at  Bethlehem,  having  been  ap- 
pointed president  of  the  executive  board  of 
the  southern  province.  He  died  July  3.  1831. 
in  Bethlehem.  Pa. 

Van  Vleck,  John  Monroe,  educator,  as- 
tronomer, autiior.  was  b(nn  March  4,  1833.  in 
Stone  Itidge.  N.Y.  In  1869  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  expedition  that  was  sent  out  un- 
der the  auspices  of  the  Nautical  Almanac 
office  to  observe  the  total  solar  eclipse  at 
Mount  Pleasant.  Iowa.  He  was  the  author 
of  Tables  giving  the  Positions  of  the  Moon 
for  1855-56.  and  for  1878-97 :  and  similar 
Tables  giving  the  I'osilions  of  Saturn  for 
1857  to  1877,  contributed  to  the  American 
Nautical  .Mmanac.  He  held  the  chair  of 
mathematics  and  astronomy  in  Wesleyan 
univcrsitv.    IIi>  died  in  Middleton,  Conn. 


542 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Van  Vleck,  William  Henry,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  bom  Nov.  14,  1790.  in  Bethle- 
hem, Pa.  He  was  consecrated  to  the  Mo- 
ravian episcopacy  in  1836  at  Bethlehem  ;  ap- 
pointed president  of  the  executive  board  of 
the  sonthern  province ;  and  pastor  of  the 
chnrch  at  Salem.  He  died  Jau.  19,  1853,  in 
Bethlehem,  Pa. 

Van  Vliet,  Stewart,  soldier,  was  born 
July  21,  1815,  in  Ferrisburg,  Vt.  He  served 
in  the  Seminole,  Mexican  and  civil  wars ; 
and  was  brevetted  major-general  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  array  in  1S65.  In  1881  he  was  re- 
tired from  active  service.  He  died  March 
28,   1901,   in   Wasliington.   D.C. 

Van  Voast,  James,  soldier,  was  born  in 
September,  1827.  in  Schenectady.  N.Y.  In 
1852  he  graduated  from  the  l-nited  States 
military  academy  ;  and  in  1861  attained  the 
rank  of  captain.  In  1863  he  became  ma.ior 
of  the  eighteenth  infantry  ;  in  1882  was  made 
colonel  of  the  ninth  infantry ;  and  was  re- 
tired in  1883.  In  1904  h?  was  promoted  to 
brigadier-general  in  the  United  States  army. 

Van  Voorhes,  Nelson  H.,  soldier,  journal- 
ist, lawyer,  jurist,  cougressnian.  was  born 
Jan.  23,  1822,  in  Washington  county.  Pa.  In 
1850  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Ohio 
state  legislature;  and  in  1855  was  elected 
probate  judge.  He  resigned  to  again  be- 
come a  member  of  the  legislature,  and  was 
made  speaker ;  and  by  re-elections  was  a 
member  ten  years.  In  1861  he  entered  the 
army  in  the  volunteer  service:  and  in  1862 
was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  ninety-sec- 
ond regiment  of  United  States  troops.  In 
1871  he  was  again  speaker  of  the  assem- 
bly; and  served  in  that  capacity  four  years. 
In  1875-81  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-fourth,  forty-iifth  and 
forty-sixth  congresses  as   a    republican. 

Van  Voorhis,  Henry  Clay,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  May  11,  1852.  in  Mus- 
kingum county,  Ohio.  In  1893-1905  he  was 
a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  fifty-third, 
fifty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth and  fifty-eighth  congn^sses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Van  Voorhisi,  John,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  22,  1826,  in  Decatur,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Rochester  board  of 
education  in  1857  ;  city  attorney  in  1859 : 
and  was  appointed  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue in  1862.  In  1879-83  and  1893-95  he  was 
a  rei)resentative  from  New  York  to  the  forly- 
sixth.  forty -seventh  and  fifty-third  congresses 
as  a  republican.  He  died  Oct.  20,  1905,  in 
Roehester.   N.Y. 

Van  Vorst,  Mrs.  Bessie,  litterateur,  au- 
llidi'.  was  horn  in  1873,  in  New  York  City. 
She  is  the  author  of  Bagsby's  Dnughtcn- :  The 
Issues  of  Life:  and  'i'he  Cliildren  Who  Toil. 

Van  Vorst,  Marie,  journalist,  author,  was 
liorn  in  New  York  City.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Woman  Wlio  Toils;  ;Modern  French 
IMasters;  Amanda  of  the  :Mill :  ^[iss  Des- 
mone;  and  The  Sin  of  (ieorge  Warrener. 

Van  Wart,  Isaac,  patriot,  was  born  in 
1760  in  Oreenburg,  N.Y.    On  Sept.  23.  1780. 


with  John  Paulding  and  David  Williams,  he 
intercepted  Major  John  Andre  on  his  return 
from  the  American  lines.  For  this  service 
he  received  the  thanks  of  congress ;  a  pension 
of  two  hundred  dollars  per  annum  for  life ; 
and  a  silver  medal  bearing  on  one  side  the 
word  Fidelity,  and  on  the  other  the  legend 
Vincit  Amor  Patriae.  In  1829  the  citizens 
of  AVestchester  county  erected  a  monument 
to  his  memory.  He  died  May  23,  1828,  in 
Mount  Pleasant,  N.Y. 

Van  Winkle,  Marshall,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1869  in  Jersey  City,  N.J. 
He  attended  the  public  and  high  schools  and 
in  1890  was  admitted  as  an  attorney.  He 
was  counsel  to  the  county  tax  board ;  and 
for  three  years  was  assistant  prosecutor  of 
the  pleas  of  Hudson  county,  N.J.  He  is  a 
practicing  attorney  of  Jersey  City,  N.J.  In 
1907-09  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  to  the  fifty-ninth  congress  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Van  Winkle,  Peter  G.,  state  legislator. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Sept.  7, 
1808,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  legislature  of  West  Virginia  from  its 
organization  nntil  1863.  In  1863-69  he  was 
Ignited  States  senator.  He  died  April  15, 
1872.   in  Parkersburg,  W.Ya. 

Van  WycK,  Augustus,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  14,  1849,  in  New  York  City.  In 
1884  he  removed  to  Brooklyn,  and  soon  be- 
gan to  take  an  active  part  in  political  affairs. 
In  1884  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  city 
court  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  was  transferred 
in  1896  to  the  bench  of  the  supreme  court. 
In  1898  he  was  nominated  for  governor  of 
New  York  by  the  democratic  party,  but  was 
defeated  by   Theodore  Itoosevelt,    republican. 

Van  Wyck,  Charles  Henry,  soldier,  law- 
yer, congressman.  United  States  senator,  was 
bom  May  IG,  1824,  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
In  1859-63  and  1867-71  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  thirty-sixth,  thir- 
ty-seventh, fortieth  and  forty-first  congresses. 
While  in  congress  he  served  in  the  volunteer 
service  as  colonel  of  a  regiment:  and  in  1865 
was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  by  brevet. 
He  removed  to  Nebraska  in  1874;  and  wis 
a  state  senator  in  1876-80.  In  1881-87  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  Nebraska 
He  died  Oct.  24,  1895,  in   Washington,  D.C. 

Van  Wyck,  Robert  Anderson,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  )>orn  July '20.  1849.  in  New  York 
City.  In  1889  he  was  elected  judge  of  the 
city  court;  and  was  re-elected  in  1895.  In 
1898-1902  he  was  first  mayor  of  (Jreater  New 
York.  He  was  active  in  making  the  arrange- 
ment for  New  York's  magnificent  recei)tion 
of  Admiral  Dewey  in  1899.  He  was  a  found- 
er and    president    of   the   llollaud   society. 

Van  Wyck,  William  W.,  conjiressnian,  was 
born  in  Dutchess  county.  N.Y.  In  1821-25 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  seventeenth  and  eighteenth  congresses. 
He  died   in    Xe\\    York. 

Van  Zandt,  Charles  Collins,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  governor,  was  born  Aug.  10,  1830. 
in    NewiHirl.    IM.     He    was    speaker   of    tlie 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


543         _ 


Rhode  Island  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1858-59,  1866-69  and  1871-73.  He  was  lieu- 
tcuanl-soveruor  and  ex-oflioio  president  of  the 
state  senate  in  1873-75.  He  was  the  thlrty- 
lirst  governor  of  IMiode  Ishind  in  1877-80. 
He  died  on  June  4,  1894,  in  Newport,  K.I. 

Van  Zandt,  Marie,  vocalist,  was  born  in 
1858  in  -New  York.  She  was  hofilendeu  by 
Adelina  I'atti.  She  has  unconsciously  copied 
the  style  of  that  .lireat  eantatrice.  She  has 
sunsr  in  all  the  European  capitals  in  grand 
opera.  She  is  the  wife  of  I'etrovich  Tscher- 
inotT  of  Russia  ;  and  has  retired  from  the 
sta;i;e. 

Van  Zant,  K.  M.,  bank  president,  soldier, 
was  born  Xov.  7.  1886,  iu  Franklin  county. 
Tenn.  He  served  in  the  confederate  army 
during  tiie  civil  war  and  attained  tlie  rank  of 
major.  He  is  iironiintntly  idtntitied  with  the 
iiusiness  and  public  affairs  of  Texas.  He  has 
tilled  various  positions  of  trust  and  honor: 
aiul  is  now  president  of  the  Fort  Worth  Xa- 
tional    bank    of    his   city. 

Van  Zile,  Edward  Sims,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  2.  1863.  in  Tro.y,  N.Y. 
He  is  on  the  stalf  of  The  New  York  World. 
He  is  the  author  of  Wanted,  a  Sensation  ; 
The  Last  of  the  Van  Slacks ;  A  Majrnetic 
Man.  and  Other  Stories ;  Don  Miguel,  and 
Other  Stories ;  The  Manhattaners ;  The 
Crown  I'rince  of  Rexania  ;  Harold  Bradley, 
riayw  riuht  :  With  Sword  and  Crueilix  ;  The 
Drc.inicrs  and  Otlier  I'oems ;  and  The  Faker. 

Van  Zile,  Philip  T.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  horn  July  20.  1843,  in  Osceola, 
Pa.  Huriujr  the  civil  war  he  served  in  bat- 
tery E,  lirst  Ohio  artillery.  In  1868-72  he 
was  prosecuting  attorney  of  Eaton  county, 
Mich. ;  and  in  1872-75  was  judge  of  the  pro- 
bate court  for  that  county.  In  1875-78  he 
was  circuit  judge  of  the  fifth  circuit  of  Mich- 
igai ;  and  in  1878-84  was  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Utah.  For  fifteen  years 
he  has  been  dean  of  faculty  of  the  Detroit 
college  of  law.  He  is  the  author  of  Railmciits 
and  (,'arriers;  and  Equity  Pleading  and 
Practice. 

Vardaman,    James    K.,    -governor,    United 

States  .senator,    was   liorn    July   26,    1861.    in 

Texas.     In   1904-08    he   was  governor   of   the 

.state  of  Mississippi.    Since  1913  he  has  been 

a  member  of  the  T'nlfed  States  senate.. 

Vare  William  Scott,  congressman,  was 
iiorn  Dec.  24,  1867.  in  I'liiladelpliia.  Pa.  In 
1912-15  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  tlie  sixty-.«econ(l  and  sixty-third 
congresses. 

Varian,  George  Edmund,  iiaintcr.  artist, 
was  born  Oct.  16,  1865,  in  Uiverpool,  lOng- 
land.  He  lias  ilhislrated  Seen  in  (Jerniany, 
by  Stannard  P.aker;  and  The  Trage.ly  of 
Pelee.  liy  (!e.,rm.  Kennni,.  In  1907  lie  ex- 
iiibited  nt  the  Paris  salon. 

Varick,  Richard,  sohlier,  lawyer,  banker, 
le;:islal<ir.  was  itorn  March  25.  1753.  in  Ilack- 
ensack.  X.J.  He  served  during  the  revoln- 
tion.Tiy  war:  and  was  insi)e<tor-!;ener;il  at 
West  Point  after  1780.  In  1779  he  was  at- 
torney-general  of   New   York :   and    in    1791- 


1801  was  mayor  of  New  Y'ork  City.  He  was 
speaker  of  the  assembly  in  1787 ;  and  for 
many  years  jiresident  of  the  Merchant's  bank, 

Varick,  Theodore  Romeyn,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  horn  June  24,  1825,  iu  Dutchess 
county,  N.Y.  He  was  the  first  to  prove  the 
usefulness  of  cocaine  iu  capital  amputations. 
He  was  the  author  of  monographs  on  The 
Use  of  Hot  Water  in  Surgery ;  The  Pro- 
tective Treatment  of  Open  Wounds ;  and  a 
score  of  other  \aluable  medical  papers.  He 
died  Nov.  23,  1887,  iu  Jersey  City,  N.J. 

Varney,  George,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Maine.  In  1S61  he  was  major  in  the  second 
regiment  Maine  infantry  ;  and  in  1865  was 
brcvetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
was  honorably  nmstered  out  iu  1863. 

Varney,  George  Janes,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  1836  in  .Maine.  He  is  the  author 
of  Young  People's  History  of  Maine;  Gazet- 
teer of  JIaine;  A  Brief  History  of  Maine; 
and  The  Story  of  Patriot's  Day. 

Varney,  "William  Henry,  naval  officer,  was 
horn  April  19.  1838,  in  Wolfsborough,  N.H. 
He  studied  naval  architecture  and  is  a  de- 
signer of  merchant  vessels.  In  1869  he  was 
appointed  assistant  naval  constructor  in 
the  United  States  navy ;  in  1875  was  pro- 
moted to  naval  constructor  ;  and  in  1900  was 
retired.  He  is  the  author  of  Ship  Builders' 
Manual. 

Varnum,  James  M,,  lawyer,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  June  29,  1848,  in  New  Y'ork 
City.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
state  assembly  in  1879-8C  :  was  a  republican 
candidate  for  attorney -general  in  1889;  was 
permanent  chairman  of  the  republican  state 
convention  in  1891  :  was  candidate  for  judge 
supreme  court  iu  1890.  He  was  senior  aide- 
de-camp  to  Governor  Cornell  in  1880-83.  with 
rank  of  colonel ;  and  in  1895  he  was  apjioint- 
ed  by  Governor  Morton  as  pa.vniaster-general 
of  New  York  with  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general.  In  1899  he  was  appointed  by  (iov- 
ernor  Ronsi  velt  as  surrogate  of  New  York, 
He  died  in  1907  in  New  York  City. 

Varnum,  James  Mitchell,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  stall-  leuislatur.  coiign>sinan.  was  born 
Dec.  17,  1748,  in  Dracut,  Mass.  In  1774 
he  accejfted  the  command  of  a  coini)any  called 
the  Kentish  guards;  and  in  1777  was  jjio- 
moted  to  Ihe  rank  of  brigadier-general.  In 
1779  he  r(>signed  his  commission  in  tlw  army: 
and  the  Irgisialnre  api)ointed  iiim  major-gen- 
eral of  n.ilitia.  In  1780-82  and  17«6-87  he 
was  a  delegate  from  Rhode  Island  to  the 
<-ontineiital  cinigress.  In  1787  he  was  then 
a;ipoinl<'(l  jiiduc  of  Ihe  .Northwest  territory. 
He  died  Jan.  10.  1789,  in  .Marietta,  Ohio. 

Varnum,  John,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1783  in  Essex 
couety,  Mass.  He  was  fre(pienlly  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  state  legislature.  Iu 
1825-31  he  was  a  rei)resentative  from  .Massa- 
chusetts to  the  nineteenth,  twentieth  and 
Iwenty-lirst  congresses.  He  di(>d  July  23, 
IS  16.    in    Nil.'s.    Mi.-h. 

Varnum,  Joseph  Bradley,  soldier,  congress- 
man.  United   States  senator,   was  born   Jan. 


544 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


29,  1750,  in  Dracait,  Mass.  He  was  a  general 
in  the  revolutionary  wai-.  In  179.5-1811  he 
was  a  representaii\e  from  ^Massachusetts  to 
the  fourth,  fifth,  sixth,  seventh,  eighth,  nintK 
tenth  and  eleventh  congresses.  In  1811-17 
he  was  United  States  senator ;  and  in  1807- 
11  he  was  speaker  of  the  house  during  the 
tenth  and  eleventh  congresses.  He  died  Sept. 
21.  1821,  in  Dracut.  Mass. 

Varnum,  Joseph  Bradly,  lawyer,  legislator, 
autlior,  was  born  June  9,  181S.  in  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  removed  to  Ne\v  York  City  ; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1849-51.  being  speaker  for  the  latter  year. 
In  1857  he  was  again  elected  to  tha  legis- 
lature. He  was  the  author  of  The  Seat  of 
Government  of  the  United  States;  an.l  The 
Washington  Sketch-Book.  He  died  Dec.  31, 
1874,  in  Astoria,  N.Y. 

Varick,  James,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
l)orn  in  1760  n.'ar  Newburg.  N.Y.  In  1800 
he  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  African 
methodist  episcopal  church  in  America  ;  and 
in  1822  vras  ai^iiointed  first'  superintendent 
or  bishop.    He  died  in  1836  in  New  York. 

Vasey,  George,  physician,  botanist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  28,  1822,  in  England.  He 
was  botanist  of  the  department  of  agriculture 
at  Washington  in  1872-93.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Beauties  and  Utilities  of  a  Library  ; 
The  Philosophy  of  Laughing  and  Smiling;  A 
Descriptive  Catalogue  of  Native  Forest  Trees 
of  the  I 'nited  States  ;  Grasses  of  the  United 
States ;  Agricultural  Grasses  of  the  United 
States;  Grasses  of  the  South;  Grasses  of  the 
Arid  Districts;  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  the 
Grasses  of  the  United  States;  and  Individ- 
ual Liberty.  He  died  in  1893  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Vassar,  John  Ellison,  lay  preacher,  was 
born  Jan.  13,  1813,  in  i'oughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
At  the  conclusion  of  tlie  war  ho  visited,  in 
the  service  of  the  Tract  society,  Virginia. 
North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  Flor- 
ida. Few  men  of  his  day  traveled  more  ex- 
tensively or  were  more  widely  known  than 
I'ncle  John  Vassar.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1878, 
in  Poughkecpsie,  N.Y. 

Vassar,  John  Guy,  philanthropist,  aiithor, 
was  born  June  \r^,  1811,  in  Poughkecpsie,  N. 
Y.  He  was  a  philanthropist  of  Poiighkeep- 
sie:  and  nephew  of  the  founder  of  Vassar 
college.  He  was  the  author  of  Twenty 
Years  Around  the  World.  He  died  Oct.  27, 
1888,  in  Poushkeepsie,  N.Y. 

Vassar,  Matthew,  philanthropist,  was 
born  May  11,  1809,  in  Poughkecpsie,  N.Y. 
He  served  at  one  time  as  trustee  of  the 
village  of  Poughkecpsie;  and  was  a  member 
of  tlie  board  of  education.  He  held  many 
private  trusts;  was  one  of  the  original  trus- 
tees of  Vassar  college;  and  at  the  request 
of  the  founder  was  its  treasurer  from  the 
begiuiiing  until  his  death.  His  various  bene- 
factions amounted  to  half  a  million  dollars. 
He  died  Aug.  10,  1881,  in  Poughkecpsie,  N.Y. 
Vassar,  Matthew,  nmnufacturcr.  philan- 
thropist, was  born  April  29,  1702,  in   Eng- 


land. 


He  came  to  America  in  1796;  amassed 
a  fortune  in  the  brew- 
ery  business;    and  in 
1861    he    gave    nearly 
half  a  million  dollars 
to    found    the   Vassar 
female    college    of 
Poughkecpsie,      N.Y., 
which   was   named   in 
his  honor.    This  insti- 
tution is  still  the  fore- 
most   female    college 
in    America.      By    his 
will     that     sum     was 
nearly    doubled ;     and 
he  also  made  bequests  to  various  charitable 
institutions.      He    died    June    23,    1868,    in 
Poughkecpsie,  N.Y. 

Vassar,  Thomas  Edwin,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  3,  1834,  in  Poughkecpsie, 
N.Y.  He  is  a  baptist  clergyman;  and  now 
fills  a  pastorate  in  Missoiui.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior of  Uncle  John  Vassar,  or  The  Fight 
of  Faith. 

Vassar,  Walter  Brownson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  2.1,  1854,  in  Pough- 
kecpsie, N.Y^.  He  has  filled  pastorates  in 
th(!  baptist  church  in  Illinois,  Connecticut, 
and  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Life  of  LTncle  -Tolin  Vassar,  his  father. 

Vaughan,  Alfred  Jefferson,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  was  born  May  10,  1830,  in  Din- 
widdie  county.  Va.  He  was  United  States 
surveyor  fur  the  district  of  California.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  served  from  captain  to 
brigadier-general  in  the  confederate  states 
army.  He  was  major-general  and  com- 
mander of  the  United  States  confederate 
veterans  for  Tennessee.  Until  1872  he  was 
engaged  in  farming  in  Mississippi :  and  in 
1873  established  a  mercantile  business  in 
Memphis,  Tenn.  He  died  Sept.  30,  1899,  in 
Indianapolis,    Ind. 

Vaughan  Elbert  Hunter,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, college  president,  founder,  was  born 
Jan.   9,   1849,  near   Bristol,  Tenn.     He  was 

educated  at  Kings  col- 
lege, at  the  East  Ten- 
nessee Wesleyan  sem- 
inary, and  at  the 
Drew  theological  sem- 
inary. He  has  at- 
tained eminence  as  a 
minister  of  the  meth- 
odist  episcopal 
church ;  has  been  pre- 
siding  elder;    a    dele- 


gate 


to    the    general 


conference     in     1884; 

and  a  delegate  to  the 

vi'ntennial    conference    of    ISSfi.      He    is    the 

founder    and    president   of   Soule   college    of 

Dodge  City,  Kan. 

Vaughan,  Daniel,  scientist,  author,  was 
t;Oiii  about  1821,  in  Ireland.  The  last  work 
of  his  life  was  a  series  of  astronomical  ar- 
ticles that  were  published  in  the  Popular 
Science    ISIonthly.     He    was    the    author    of 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


545 


Popular  Pliysical  Astronomy,  or  an  Expo- 
sition of  Remarkable  Celestial  Phenomena, 
lie  died  in  April,  1S7!>,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Vaughan,  Fred  W.,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  Dee.  !),  185S,  in  Wyalusing,  Pa. 
He   received    liis   education    in    the   common 

schools,  at  the  Sus- 
quehanna collegiate 
institute,  and  at  the 
Wyoming  commercial 
college.  He  is  a  suc- 
cessful lawyer  of  Fre- 
mont, Neb.;  was  sec- 
retary of  the  sound 
money  democratic 
league  of  Nebraska 
in  1896;  and  is  a 
prominent  member  of 
various  masonic  or- 
ders. In  1896  he  was 
a  gold  delegate  to  the  democratic  national 
convention,  which  delegation  was  unseated. 
He  was  subsequently  chosen  to  a  Chicago 
conference,  which  resulted  in  the  national 
convention  at  Indianapolis,  to  which  lie  was 
also  a  delegate.  In  1900  he  was  mayor 
of  Fremont.  Neb.;  and  is  past  president  of 
Nebraska  society  of  the  Sons  of  the  Amer- 
ican i-evohition. 

Vaughan,  George  TuUy,  surgeon,  author, 
was  born  June  27,  1859,  in  Arlington,  Va. 
In  ISSS  he  became  assistant  surgeon;  and 
in  1902-06  was  assistant  surgeon-general  of 
tile  United  States  public  health  and  marine 
hospital  service.  He  served  as  major  and 
brigade  surgeon  during  the  Spanish-Ameri- 
can war.  Since  1897  he  has  been  professor 
of  surgery  at  Georgetown  university  of 
Wasiiington.  D.C.  He  is  the  author  of 
Piiiiciples  and  Practice  of  Surgery. 

Vaughan,  Horace  Worth,  congressman, 
hnvyer,  statesman,  was  born  Dec.  2,  1867, 
in  Bowie  county,  Tex.  He  has  been  city 
attorney,  county  attorney,  district  attorney 
and  a  member  of  the  state  senate.  In  1913- 
l.>  lie  was  a  re])resentative  from  Texas  to 
the  si.vty-tliird  congress. 

Vaughan,  John,  physician,  author,  was 
born  .June  23,  1775,  in  Ucliland,  Pa.  He 
was  a  physician  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  very 
eminent  in  his  day.  He  was  the  author  of 
Chemical  Syllabus;  and  Observations  on 
Animal  Electricity.  He  died  March  25,  1807, 
in   \\'ilmin;,'tim.  Del. 

Vaughan,  John  Apthorp,  clergyman,  tlieo- 
logian,  was  born  Oct.  13,  1795,  in  Brighton, 
.Mass.  In  1861-(i5  he  was  professor  of  pas- 
toral theology  in  tlie  Philadel|»hia  divinity 
schdul,  to  which  he  presentecl  a  liltrary  of 
1.200  volumes.  He  died  June  5,  1865,  in 
Philadelphia.    Pa. 

Vaughan,  John  B.,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  .liMie  16.  l,St)(l.  near  Powman,  Oa.  He 
is  the  author  of  several  Sunday  School  and 
Ue\i\al   Song   Honks. 

Vaughan,  Lawrence  J.,  lecturer,  play- 
wright. el<i;:ynian.  was  l)orn  in  1864,  in 
Newark.  N..F.  He  adopted  the  theatrical 
profession;    but    in    1899    was    ordained    to 


tlie  priesthood  of  the  Roman  catholic  church. 
He  founded  the  Altoona  institute  school  for 
boys  and  girls.  He  was  one  of  the  pastors 
of  St.  JNIary's  church  of  Janesville,  Wis.  He 
was  a  Shakespearean  lecturer;  and  was  the 
author  of  the  plays  A  Woman  of  the  West; 
Disowned;  Alice  and  Alexander;  Prince 
Carl;  and  Nance  of  Old  Thunder.  He  died 
May   10,   1909,   in  Janesville,  Wis. 

Vaughan,  Samuel  K.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Massachusetts.  In  ISUl  he  was  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  second  regiment  Wisconsin  in- 
fantry; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  in   1865. 

Vaughan,  Thomas  Wayland,  geologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  20,  1870,  in  Jonesville, 
Texas.  He  is  geologist  of  the  United  States 
geological  survey;  and  is  custodian  of  the 
.Madreporarian  corals  in  the  United  States 
natural  museum.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
l-]oeeiie  and  Lower  Oligoccne  Corals  Fatinas 
of  the  United  States. 

Vaughan  Victor  Clarence,  educator,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  autlior,  was  born  Oct.  27,  1851, 
in  ]Mount  Airy,  Mo.  In  1898  he  served  in 
the  Spanish-American  war  as  major  and 
sturgeon  in  the  thirty-third  regiment  Michi- 
ban  volunteer  infantry;  and  was  appointed 
surgeon-general  of  the  Spanish-American 
war  veterans.  Since  1890  he  has  been  dean 
of  the  department  of  medicine  and  surgery 
in  the  university  of  Michigan.  He  is  the 
author  of  Textbook  of  Physiological  Chem- 
istry;   and  other  works. 

Vaughan,  William,  soldier,  was  born  Sept. 
12.  1703,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  He  first  sug- 
gested the  expedition  against  the  French  at 
Louisburg;  and  he  took  part  as  lie\itenant 
in  that  successful  expedition.  He  died  Dec. 
11,  1746,  in  England.    ' 

Vaughan,  William  W.,  congressman,  au- 
tlior. Ill  1871-73  he  was  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  to  the  forty-socond  congress. 
He  was  the  author  of  one  published  work. 
He   died   Aug.    19,    1878,   in   Memphis,   Tenii. 

Vaughn,  Vernon  H.,  governor.  In  1870-71 
he  was  territorial  governor  of  Utah. 

Vaux,  Calvert,  architect,  landscape  gar- 
dener, author,  was  born  D(^c.  20,  1824,  in 
hlnglaiid.  He  was  an  English  arcliitect  and 
landscape  gardener;  and  settled  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  in  1851.  With  F.  L.  Olmstead  he 
designed  Central  jiark  in  New  York  City; 
and  he  was  associated  with  him  in  many 
similar  works  throughout  America.  He  was 
the  author  of  Villas  and  Cottages.  He  died 
\ov.    19,   1S!)5,   in   Pensonhurst,  N.Y. 

Vaux,  Roberts,  lawyer,  jurist,  penologist, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  25,  1786,  in  Philadol- 
jiliia.  Pa.  He  was  a  jurist  and  penologist 
ol  Philadelphia;  an<l  prominent  in  all  local 
jihilantliropic  enterprises  throughout  his  life. 
He  was  the  author  of  Memoirs  of  Benjamin 
Lay,  Ralph  Sandiford,  an<l  Anthony  Beno- 
zet ;  and  I'^fTfiits  to  Improve  the  Discipline 
of  the  Prison  at  Philadelphia.  He  died  .fan. 
7.    1S36,    in    Philadelphia,    Pa, 


546 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Vaux,  Richard,  penologist,  congressman, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  19,  1816,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.     In  1838  he  was  secretary  to  the 

United  States  minis- 
ter at  the  court  of  St. 
James.  In  1842  he 
was  appointed  record- 
er of  the  city  of  Phil- 
a  d  e  1  p  h  i  a,  Pa.;  and 
held  his  office  for  sev- 
en years.  He  was  a 
distinguished  penolo- 
gist of  Philadelphia; 
mayor  of  that  city 
In  1856;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  fifty-first 
congress  to  fill  a  va- 
cancy. His  writings  include  every  annual 
report  of  the  Eastern  penitentiary  for  more 
than  fifty  years;  Recorders'  Decisions;  and 
manv  volumes  on  the  subject  of  penology. 
He  died  :Mardi  22,  18!).).  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Vaux,  William  Sansom,  mineralogist, 
founder,  was  born  May  19,  1811,  i"  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  president  of  the  zoo- 
logical society  of  Philadelphia;  and  in  1864- 
82  was  vice-president  of  the  Philadelphia 
pcademy  of  natural  sciences.  He  was  one  of 
eight  founders  of  the  Numismatic  and  an- 
tiquarian societv,  and  was  its  senior  vice- 
])resident.  He  died  May  5,  1882,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Vawter,  John,  pioneer,  clergyman,  was 
born  Jan.  8,  1782.  in  ^Madison,  Wis.  He  was 
a  ba])tist  minister;  the  first  magistrate  of 
Madison,  Ind.;  and  in  1810  was  appointed 
Ihiited  States  marshal  for  Indiana.  In 
1811-13  he  served  as  a  frontier  ranger  dur- 
ing the  Indian  r-ampaign;  and  was  elected 
colonel  of  militia  of  Jenkins  county.  In 
1821-48  he  filled  a  pastorate  in  Vernon,  Ind. 
In  1831-35  and  in  1836  he  was  a  member  of 
tlie  Indiana  state  senate.  He  died  Aug. 
17,  1S62.  in  ]\Iora^antown.  Ind. 

Vawter,  John  William,  litterateur,  artist, 
was  born  April  13,  1871,  in  Boone  Tounty, 
Va.  He  has  illustrated  The  Rabbit's  Ran- 
som: Riley's  Book  of  Joyous  Cliildren:  and 
liartlett's    Tales    of   Kankakee   Land. 

Veale,  Moses,  soldier,  lawyer,  was  born 
Nov.  9,  1832.  in  Bridgeton,  N.J.  He  served 
througli  the  civil  war;  and  received  the 
rank  of  major.  In  1866  he  Avas  United 
States  attorney  for  Montana. 

Veasey,  Clarence  Archibald,  physician,  sur- 
geon, autlior,  was  born  Aug.  9,  1869,  in 
Poconioke  City,  Md.  He  is  a  successful 
practitioner  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  A  ^lanual  of  Disease  of  the  Eye; 
Ophthalmic  Operations  as  Practiced  on  Ani- 
mals' Eyes;  and  A  Manual  of  Diseases  of 
the  Eye. 

Veazey,  Thomas  W.,  governor,  was  born 
in  1780.  He  was  the  twenty-first  governor 
of  Maryland  in  1836-38.  Pie  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  delegates  and  of  the  ex- 
ecutive (■(lUHcil.  IT(>  died  June  30.  1848,  in 
Cecil  c<)\intv.  ^Id. 


Veatch,  James  Clifford,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  was  born  Dec.  19,  1819, 
near    Elizabethtown,   Ind.      He    was    in    the 

Indiana  legislature  in 
1861-62.  He  became 
colonel  of  the  twenty- 
fifth  regiment  of  In- 
diana volunteers  in 
1861 ;  brigadier-gener- 
al of  volunteers  in 
1862;  and  brevet  ma- 
jor-general in  August, 
1865,  at  which  time  he 
retired  from  the 
army.  He  was  one  of 
four  generals  in  com- 
mand at  the  battle  of 
Coriiitli.  in  1862.  He  became  adjutant-gen- 
eral of  Indiana  in  1869;  and  was  collector  of 
internal  rcveiuie  in  1870-83.  He  died  Dec. 
22.  1895,  in  Rockport,  Ind. 

Veazey,  Wheelock  Graves,  soldier,  was 
born  Dec.  5,  1835.  in  Rockingham  county, 
X.H.  He  served  at  Gettysburg  in  the  tlank 
assault  on  Pickett's  division  and  received 
his  discharge  as  a  full  colonel.  He  was 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Vermont  in 
1878-89;  and  was  the  founder  and  in  1890- 
91  was  commander-in-chief  of  the  Grand 
army  of  the  republic  in  that  state.  In 
1889-96  he  was  a  member  of  the  interstate 
commerce  commission.  He  died  March  22, 
18!t8.   in   Washington.  D.C. 

Veazie,  George  Augustus,  educator,  musi- 
cian, composer,  author,  was  born  Dec.  18, 
1835,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1869-1003  he  was 
supervisor  of  music  in  Chelsea  public  schools. 
He  has  composed  several  light  operas,  school 
choruses  and  numerous  songs  in  ballad 
form. 

Veblen,  Thorstein  B.,  educator,  author. 
He  lias  been  assistant  professor  of  political 
ecoiwmy  In  the  univerity  of  Chicago;  and  is 
now  an  associate  professor  of  economics  at 
llie  Leland  Stanford  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Theory  of  the  Leisure  Class; 
and   The  Theory  of   Business   Enterprise. 

Vecki,  Victor  G.,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
tlior, was  born  Dec.  8,  1857,  in  Agram, 
Croatia.  In  1866-75  he  studied  in  Agram; 
and  in  1875-81  attended  tlie  Imperial  and 
Royal  university  of  Vienna;  receiving  from 
that  institution  the  degree  of  M.D.  He 
served  as  captain  and  surgeon  in  the  Aus- 
trian-Hungarian army:  and  was  Royal 
Croatian  sanitary  councilhu'.  He  has  at- 
tained success  as  an  eminent  physician  and 
surgeon  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  has  been 
l>resident  of  the  German  medical  society  of 
San  Francisco;  and  consulting  physician 
to  the  German  hospital  of  that  city.  He  is 
rhe  author  of  Pathologic  und  Therapy 
der  Maennlich  Impotenz;  Waruni  Tolstoy 
Aerzte  hasst  und  Liebe  Verachtet:  Path- 
ology and  Treatment  of  Sexual  Impotence; 
and  otlier  medical  works. 

Vedder,  Elihu,  ])a inter,  sculptor,  artist, 
was  born   Feb.  2(),  1836,  in  New  York  City. 


HERRINGSHAWS   l.ir.RARY   OF   AMP:RICAN    BIOGRAPHY. 


547 


in  lS72-l'i  was  a 


J 11  lS(i.">  lie  hecaiiic  a  iiiciiibcr  ol'  tlu'  National 
acadrniy  of  design.  One  of  the  best  known 
of  iiis  paintings  is  the  ]..air  of  the  Sea- 
Serpent.  now  in  tlie  l?oston  inu.seuni  of  line 
arts:  wlu-re  an-  also  The  Koc's  Kgg;  Fislier- 
nian  and  Hjin:  Doininiean  Friars:  and  .An 
Italian  A\'onian. 

Vedder,  Henry  Clay,  fdncator.  jonnialist. 
aiithor,  was  born  Feb.  2(1.  1S.").S,  in  He  Rny- 
tcr.  X.V.  He  was  a  jcnirnalist  for  many 
A  tars;  and  subsequently  professor  of  cliurch 
history  at  Crozer  tlieolofrical  seminary,  Up- 
land. Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Ameriean 
Writers  of  To-Day:  A  Short  History  of 
the  ISaptists;  and  other  works. 

Vedder,  Commodore  Perry,  soldier,  law- 
yer, state  senator,  was  born  Feb.  •2."},  1838, 
in   illiioottville.  N.Y.     lie  served  in  the  civil 

war  from  a  private 
soldier  to  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  tbe  New 
York  volunteers.  He 
was  captured  at 
Chancellorsville;  and 
^-  ^^^    spent    two    weeks    in 

■^^  ^^^^H  T-''l>^f*.^'  l>rison.  He 
served  with  Sherman 
from  Chattanooga  to 
Atlanta,  and  from  At- 
lanta to  the  sea.  In 
lS()t;  iio  was  admitted 
to  the  practice  of  law  ; 
iiember  of  the  New  York 
state  assembly:  in  ISfiT-T")  was  register  in 
bankruptcy:  in  lS7.")-77  and  1SS4-!M  was  a 
membei-  of  tiie  N<'w  York  state  senate:  and 
in  1S8()-S;5  was  state  assessor.  He  was  the 
author  of  the  present  New  York  laws  taxing 
gifts,  legacies  and  collateral  inheritances: 
and  was  the  author  of  a  bill  taxing  cor])o- 
rations  for  the  privileges  of  organizing.  For 
two  years  he  was  a  Tnite<l  States  internal 
revenue  assessor.  Me  is  jiresident  of  tlie 
bank  of  l""llicottville:  picsident  of  the  bank 
of  Norwood:  president  of  tlie  lirooklyii  dock 
and  termin.il  company:  and  lias  other  large 
business    interests. 

Vedder,  Peter  Van  Dyck,  ciergyiiiaii.  was 
born  Dec.  20.  lS.-)4,  in  Schenectady.  N.Y. 
He  is  a  graduate  ot  the  I'nion  (dassical  in- 
stiute;  and  since  1880  has  been  united  with 
the  l)es  Moines  methodist  episcojial  confi-r- 
ence.  (ireat  revivals  of  r<digion  have  f(d- 
htwed  his  labors  at  each  past<n"ate:  ami  he 
is  considered  one  of  the  foremost  clergynu'ii 
in  the  methodi.st  episcopal  church  of  low.i. 
He    now    litis    a    pastorate    in    (lariiida. 

Veditz,  Charles  William  Augustus,  «dii<:i- 
tor.  sociologist,  author,  was  born  Nov.  IS, 
1872,  in  IMiiiadelphia,  Pa.  lie  is  now  pro- 
fessor of  economics  at  the  (ieorge  \\'ash- 
ington  university  of  Washington.  D.C.  For 
Iwi)  years  he  was  general  secretary  of  tlii> 
university  extension  society  of  .Maine;  and 
is  the  founder  of  the  American  institute  of 
sociology.  lie  is  the  author  of  The  I'e- 
cent  Development  of  American  Pottery: 
and  Historv  of  the  American  I'evoliit  ion. 


Conn. 


Veeder,  Curtis  Hussey,  inanulacturer,  in- 
\«ii  +  ur.  w:is  born  dan.  31,  18fi2,  in  Alle- 
gheny,  j'a.      In    1881   he  graduated   from  the 

liigli  school  of  Platts- 
burg,  N.Y.;  and  in 
]88()  graduated  from 
the  Lehigh  universitv 
as  M.E.  In  1886-9.-) 
lie  was  engaged  as  a 
draughtsman  and  en- 
gineer: since  18fl5  he 
has  been  president  of 
the  \'eeder  manufac- 
turing company;  and 
is  vice-president  of 
the  Post  and  Lestf.'r 
company  of  Hartford, 
H"  has  invented  and  patented  bi- 
cycle saddles;  cyclometer  for  bicycles;  au- 
tomatic casting  machines  and  special  alloys; 
and  a  liqnid  tachometer.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  American  society  of  mechanical  engi- 
neers; a  member  of  the  American  associa- 
tion for  tne  advancement  of  science;  a 
member  of  the  Franklin  institute;  and  a 
member  of  the  Ameriean  automobile  asso- 
ciation. 

Veeder,  Major  Albert,  physician,  scientist, 
was  born  Nov.  10.  1848,  in  "Ashtabula,  Ohio. 
Ill  1870  he  graduated  from  the  Union  col- 
lege of  Schenectady,  N.Y. ;  graduated  from 
the  nu'dical  department  of  the  university 
of  Ruflalo:  and  has  received  the  degrees  of 
A.M.  and  M.D.  In  187o-78  he  was  principal 
of  Ives  seminaiy  at  Antwerp,  N.Y.;  and 
since  1883  has  practied  medicine  in  Lyons, 
N.Y.  He  is  a  fellow  of  the  American  asso- 
ciation for  the  ;idvancemcnt  of  science;  is 
;;  member  of  the  |>ul)lic  health  association; 
and  the  American  microscopical  society;  ami 
is  also  a  ])ernuinent  member  of  the  New 
York  stat<>  medical  society:  and  various 
otiiei-    associations    and    scientific    societies. 

Veeder,    Emilv    Elizabeth,    author,    poet, 
was  born   in  the  valley  ttf   Lake  Champlain, 
was  a  student  in  the  Packer  in- 
stitute   of    Brooklyn, 
N.Y. ;  and  traveled  ex- 
tensively in  the  Unit- 
ed States  and  foreign 
countries.       She     was 
the     author     of     Her 
Rrother    Donnard:    In 
the  (iarden,  ami  Other 
Poems:     and    has    ar- 
ranged several  of  her 
poems     to     music     of 
her   own    compf)sition. 
Her    most    p  o  ])  n  I  a  r 
poems     are     Twilight 
s:    111    My    Dreams;    and  A  \'oice.     Slie 
al !    I'.MHi.   in   St.   Louis.  Mo. 

Veeder,  Nicholas,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  ill  IS  lit.  in  Ni'w  York  City.  He  was 
the  author  of  Cometallism,  a  Plan  for  Con- 
tinuing (iold  ami  Silver  Coinage.  He  died 
ill    1S!I2.   in   Alh'/heiiv.    Pa. 


N.Y.     She 


548 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Veeder,  William  D.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  Avas  born  May  19,  ISoS, 
in  Guilderland,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  New  York  assembly  in  1865-66;  and 
surrogate  of  Kings  county  in  1867-77.  In 
1877-79  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  forty-fifth  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Vehslage,  John  H.  G.,  soldier,  business- 
man, congressman,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1842, 
in  Now   York  City.     In   1863  he  joined  the 

third  cavalry  national 
guard,  state  of  New 
York  and  was  com- 
missioned captain  by 
Governor  Seymour  in 
1864.  In  1876  he  was 
appointed  inspector  of 
rifle  practice  with  the 
rank  of  captain,  and 
continued  in  service 
until  1880,  when  tlie 
regiment  was  mus- 
tered out  of  service 
by  Governor  Cornell ; 
remained  as  supernumerary  until  1883.  He 
was  elected  and  served  as  a  member  of  as- 
sembly from  the  first  assembly  district. 
New  York  City,  in  the  year  1894;  was  at 
tlie  democratic  state  convention  held  at 
liufi'alo;  was  appointed  a  presidential  elec- 
tor, but  resigned  on  account  of  receiving 
the  nomination  for  congress.  In  1897-99  lie 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-fifth  con- 
gress as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  Julv, 
1904,   ill   New   York  City. 

Viele,  Charles  Delavan,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  7,  1841,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  In  18G1  lie 
was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the  first 
United  States  infantry;  and  in  1898  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general,  United 
States  volunteers.  In  1904  he  was  retired 
w'itli  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the 
United    States    army. 

Veile,  Cl-arles  Delavan,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  7,  1841,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He  served 
througliout  the  civil  Avar  in  the  United 
States  infantry  from  second  lieutenant  to 
captain.  In  1900  he  was  retired  from  active 
duty;  and  in  1904  was  advanced  to  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States   army. 

Velvin,  Ellen,  editor,  author,  was  born  in 
Soutliamiiton.  England.  She  is  a  writer  of 
New  York  City.  She  is  the  author  of  Tale 
Told  at  the  Zoo;  Jack's  Visit;  A  Terrible 
Fend;  and  Our  Holiday  in  London. 

Venable,  Abraham  B.,  congressman,  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  was  born  in  1760;  in 
Prince  Edward  county,  Va.  In  1791-99  he 
was  a  reinesentative  from  Virginia  to  the 
i-.econd,  third,  fourtli  and  fifth  congresses; 
and  in  1803-05  he  was  United  States  sena- 
tor. He  died  Dec.  26,  1811,  in  Richmond, 
Va. 

Venable,  Abraham  Woodson,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  17,  1799,  in  Prince 
Kdward  county,  Va.  In  1816,  he  graduated 
from    the   Jlampden-Sidney   college;    and    in 


1818  graduated  from  Princeton  college.  In 
1821  he  began  the  i^ractice  of  law.  In  1832, 
1836  and  1860  he  was  a  presidential  elector. 
In  1847-53  he  was  a  representative  from 
North  Carolina  to  the  thirtieth,  thirty-first, 
thirty-second  congresses.  In  1861  he  was 
a  delegate  from  North  Carolina  to  the  pro- 
visional confederate  congress.  He  died  Feb. 
24,   1876,  in  Oxford,  N.C. 

Venable,  Cnarles  Scott,  soldier,  educator, 
author,  was  born  April  19,  1827,  in  Prince 
Edward  county,  Va.  He  was  professor  of 
mathematics  in  Hampden-Sidney  college  in 
1848-56;  and  of  mathematics  and  astronomy 
in  university  of  South  Carolina  in  1858-61. 
He  was  a  confederate  army  officer;  profes- 
sor of  mathematics  in  the  university  of 
\'irginia  from  1865;  and  chairman  of  tlie 
faculty  in  1870-73  and  1887.  He  died  in 
1900,   in   Charlottsvilie,  Va. 

Venable,  Edward  Carrington,  manufactur- 
er, congressman,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1853,  in 
Prince  Edward  countj^,  Va.  In  1889  he 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  a  representa- 
tive from  Virginia  to  the  fifty-first  con- 
gress, but  he  was  unseated  in  1890. 

Venable,  Francis  Preston,  educator,  chem- 
ist, author,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1856,  in 
Prince  Edward  county,  Va.  He  was  grad- 
uated from  the  uni- 
versity of  Virginia; 
and  studied  at  Bonn, 
Gottingen  and  Berlin; 
and  has  received  the 
degrees  of  Ph.D.,  D. 
Sc.  and  LL.D.  In  1880- 
1900  he  was  a  pro- 
fessor of  chemistry; 
and  since  1900  has 
been  president  of  the 
university  of  North 
Carolina.  He  is  past 
president  and  a  mem- 
u.v  of  the  American  chemical  society;  and 
president  of  the  Southern  educational  as- 
sociation. He  is  the  author  of  Manual 
of  Qualitative  Analysis;  Short  History  of 
Chemistry;  Development  of  Periodic  Law; 
Inorganic  Cliemistry  According  to  the  Pe- 
riodic Law;  and  Study  of  the  Atom. 

Venable,  William  Henry,  educator,  au- 
tlior.  poet,  was  born  April  29,  1836,  in  War- 
ren county.  Oliio.  He  is  an  educator  of  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  School 
History  of  the  UiRted  States;  Footprints 
of  the  Pioneers  in  the  Ohio  Valley;  The 
Beginnings  of  Literary  Culture  in  the  Ohio 
Valley;  and  Let  Him  First  be  a  Man,  a  col- 
lection of  essays  on  education.  His  poetical 
writings  include  June  on  the  Miami,  and 
Other  Poems;  Tlie  Melodies  of  the  Heart; 
and  Saga  of  the  Oak  and  Otlier  Poems. 

Venable,  William  Mayo,  civil  engineer, 
coiitraetor,  author,  was  born  Feb.  14.  187L 
in  Cineinnati,  Oliio.  He  served  in  tlie  Span- 
ism-Aiiierican  war.  Since  1906  lie  has  been 
employed  in  building  the  Long  Key  viaduct 
in  Florida.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Sec- 
ond  Regiment   of  United   States   Volunteer 


HKRRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


549, 


ami  wuik  liave 
marked  success, 
zealous    workers: 


Engineers;     and     Garbage     Crematories    in 
America. 

Vennema,  A.,  clergyman,  college  president, 
was  born  May  25,  1857,  in  Holland,  Mich. 
He  is  a  minister  of  tlie  Reformed  cliurch 
in  America;  and  a  member  of  the  board  of 
education  of  that  church.  He  is  president 
of  Hope  college;  and  president  of  the  board 
of  superintendents  of  the  western  theolog- 
ical   seminary. 

Venting,  Richard,  clergyman,  hymn  writer, 
author,  poet,  was  born  May  19,  1863,  in  Eng- 
land. At  the  age  of  fifteen  years  he  became  en- 
gaged in  evangelistic 
work;  and  has  since 
been  devoted  to  chris- 
tian labor  in  England 
and  the  United 
^^^  -^Hir  States.     He    preached 

^^H^  J^l^^g  in  Denison,  Iowa;  and 

^^^^L  ^^H^ ;  .  now  fills  a  pastorate 
Fr'^Bll!-^'^  in  Council  BlufTs,  Io- 
wa. He  has  helped 
build  up  the  First 
baptist  church  of 
Council  Bluffs  out  of 
chaos;  and  his  life 
been  characterized  with 
He  'is  one  of  Iowa's  most 
and  has  won  renown  as 
a  brilliant  exponent  of  Christian  principle. 
He  is  the  author  of  Fragrant  Flowers  of 
Truth;  Ancient  Emblems  of  Beauty:  Meth- 
ods of  (Operations  in  Evangelistic  Work; 
and  The  Dill'erent  Aspects  of  the  Christian 
Eife. 

Verbeck,  William,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Jan.  18,  ISdl,  in  Japan, 
where  his  father  was  founder  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Imperial 
university.  He  lived 
in  Japan  until  he  was 
twenty  years  of  age. 
He  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.M.  from 
Syracuse  university. 
He  lias  served  as  lieu- 
tenant. ca])tain  and 
major  in  tlie  Cali- 
f  o  r  n  i  a  n  a  t  ional 
guard;  was  on  the 
stair  of  Governors 
Morton  and  Black  in 
llu'  New  \tnk  national  guai'd;  in  100.")  was 
i)revett(;il  <'<»]onel:  ami  is  now  major  third 
r<;riment  New  York  national  guard.  Since 
ISSS  lie  has  been  president  and  head  nuis- 
ter  of  St.  .John's  school  of   Manlius.  N.Y. 

Ver  Bryck,  Cornelius,  painliT.  artist,  was 
lioni  .Ian.  1.  lSl:i.  in  ^■angll  Tangli,  N..I. 
The  Ne\V  York  historical  society  owns  his 
painting  of  The  Old  Dutch  Bible.  Among 
liis  |)ort raits  is  one  of  William  Cullen  Hry- 
ant.      lie   d-e.l    .Mav    :{1.    1SI4.    in    Hrooklvn, 

Verdagner  Peter,  clergynum.  bishop,  was 
horn  in  ls;i5.  He  was  Buinan  catholic 
bishop  of  Laredo.  Texas.  He  died  Oct.  2(i, 
I!>ll.  in   Mercedes,  To.xas. 


Verdi,  Tullio  Suzzara,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  10,  1829,  in  Italy.  He  is  a 
homeopathic  physician  of  Washington 
since  1857.  He  is  the  author  of  Maternity; 
Mothers  amt  Daughters;  The  Infant  Phil- 
osopher; Special  Diagnosis  for  Popular 
Use;   and  La   \'ita  Americana. 

Vere,  Maximilian,  scholar,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  1,  1820,  in  Sweden.  He  pub- 
lished Outlines  of  Comparative  Philology; 
Cranunar  of  the  Spanish  Language;  Stray 
Leaves  from  the  Book  of  Nature;  Studies 
in  English;  First  French  Reader;  Grammar 
in  French ;  The  Great  Empress,  a  novel ; 
^^'onders  of  the  Deep;  Introduction  to  the 
Study  of  French;  Romance  of  American 
Histoi-y;  Americanisms,  or  the  English  of 
the  Now  \A'orld ;  and  other  works. 

Verhulst,  William,  colonial  governor.  In 
1025-20  he  was  a  Dutch  colonial  governor 
of  New  Y'ork. 

Vermilye,  Ashbel  Green,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1822  in  Princeton,  N.J. 
Having  been  a])pointed  chaplain  of  the  Ma- 
rine hospital  of  Antwerp,  Belgium,  he  went 
to  that  country  in  1879.  Among  other  ser- 
mons he  published  Historical  Sermon  at 
Centennial  of  First  Presbyterian  Church, 
Newburyport. 

Vermilye,  Mrs.  Kate  Jordan,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  Ireland.  She  is  the 
author  of  A  Circle  in  the  Sand;  and  Time, 
the  Conicdian. 

Vermilye,  Robert  George,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, was  born  March  3,  1813,  in  New 
Y'ork  City.  In  1857-75  he  was  professor  of 
theology'  in  East  ^Vindsor  theological  insti- 
tute. He  published  a  few  sermons  and  ad- 
dresses; and  left  in  manuscript  his  courses 
of  theological  lectures.  He  died  July  5, 
1875.   in   Lynu'.  Conn. 

Vermilye,  Thomas  Edward,  clergynum, 
was  born  Feb.  27,  1803,  in  New  Y'ork"  City. 
In  1839-93  he  was  pastor  of  one  of  the  Col- 
legiate reformed  churches  in  New  Y^ork 
(  ity.  He  died  March  17,  1893,  in  New 
York   City. 

Verner,  James,  capitalist,  was  born  Aug. 
30.  1818,  in  Monongahela  City.  Pa.  In 
1.S50  he  was  engaged  in  vario\is  important 
enterprises  in  Pittsburgh.  Pa.  He  organ- 
i/.eil  the  Pittsburgh  fcu'ge  and  iron  eom])any 
of  Peinisvlvan'a.  He  die(l  Aug.  8,  1901.  in 
I'ittsburgh.  Pa. 

Verner,  Murray  A.,  business  man.  rail- 
road president,  was  born  in*  1852,  in  Pitts- 
Ijurgli,  Pa.  In  187(1  he  became  sujierintend- 
•  ■nt.  and  in  1890  general  manager  of  the 
Pit  (slini';rh  and  liirmingham  traction  com- 
pany, lie  is  now  president  of  the  Pitts- 
burgh and  Birmingham  traction  lines;  and 
identified  with  various  railway  interests 
along  the  Ohio  \alley. 

Verner,  Samuel  Phillips,  exjdorer,  author, 
was  born  in  1S7.!  in  South  Carolina.  He 
discovered  new  mountains,  lakes  and  terri- 
tory in  southern  Congo;  and  collected  eth- 
nologeal  sp(>cimens  for  Smithsonian  insti- 
tution:   and    collected    botanical    specimens 


550 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


for  the  Missouri  botanical  garden.  He  is 
tile  author  of  Pioneering  in  Africa;  The 
Cape  to  Cairo  Railway;  The  Baluba  Lan- 
guage:   and   The   Fvgniies. 

Vernon,  Jane  Marchant  Fisher,  actress, 
was  born  in  179(J  in  England.  She  became 
attached  to  the  Old  Chatham  theater;  and 
in  1830-47  to  the  Park  theater.  She  was 
long  connected  with  Wallack's  company, 
making  her  last  appearance  as  ^irs.  Svit- 
cliffe  in  School  in  1869.  She  died  June  4, 
1869,  in  New  York  City. 

Vernon,  William  Tecumseh,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  July  11,  1871,  in 
Lebanon,  Mo.  Since  1896  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Western  university  of 
Quindaro,  Kan.;  and  since  1906  has  been 
registrar  of  the  treasury  of  the  United 
States. 

Verplanck,  Daniel  Crommelin,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  was  born  in  1761  in 
butcliess  county,  N.Y.  In  1803-09  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
eiglith,  ninth  and  tenth  congresses.  He  sub- 
sequently served  for  many  years  as  judge 
of  the  county  court  of  Dutchess  county,  re- 
signing in  1828.  He  died  INIarch  29,  1834, 
near   Fishkill,  N.Y. 

Verplanck,  Gulian  Crommelin,  state  legis- 
hitor,  educator,  author,  was  born  Aug.  6, 
1786,  in  New  York  City.  In  1820  he  was  a 
prominent  mendjer  of  the  New  Y'ork  legis- 
lature. He  soon  after  became  professor  of 
the  evidences  of  Christianity  in  the  theolog- 
ical seminary  of  tlie  proteslant  episcopal 
church  in  New  York.  In  182.'5-33  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  tiie  nine- 
teenth, twentieth,  twenty-first  and  twenty- 
second  congresses;  and  was  afterwards  for 
seveial  years'  a  member  of  the  New  Y^ork 
state  senate.  He  was  a  Shakespearean 
scholar  whose  carefully  edited  Siiakespeare 
appeared  in  1846.  He  was  the  author  of 
ICssays  on  Revealed  Religion;  Discourses  on 
American  History,  Art  and  Literature;  Dis- 
courses and  Addresses ;  Essay  on  the  Doc- 
trine of  Contrasts;  and  The  Bucktail 
Bards.  He  died  ]\Iarch  18,  1870,  in  New 
York  City. 

Verplanck,  Isaac  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  16.  1812,  in  Coeymans.  N.Y.  In 
1847  he  went  to  Bndalo,  N.y.;  was  elected 
a  judge  of  tlie  superior  court  of  that  city 
in  1854;  was  twice  re-elected;  and  by  the 
ciioice  of  his  associates  was  made  chief  jus- 
tice. He  died  April  16,  1873.  in  Buffalo, 
N.Y. 

Verree,  John  P.,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1819  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
lie  was  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  select 
council  for  six  years;  and  for  four  years 
was  ]>residing  ollicer.  In  IS-lO-Ci;!  he  was  a 
rei)resentative  from  I'emisylvania  to  the 
thirtv-sixth  and  thirty-seventh  congresses. 
He  died   in   Philadelidiia,  Pa. 

Verren,  Antoine,  clcigyman,  educator,  was 
born  Feb.  14.  1801,  in  France.  In  1831,  by 
;ipi)ointment,   he    revised   and    corrected    ilie 


Book   of   Common   Prayer.     He   died  March 
17.    1874,   in  New   \ork  City. 

Verrill,  Addison  Emery,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  9,  1839,  in  Greenwood, 
]»laine.  In  1862  he  graduated  from  Har- 
vard miiversity;  and  received  the  honorary 
degree  of  A.M.  from  Yale  university.  Since 
1864  he  has  been  professor  of  zoology  and 
curatoi'  of  the  zoological  museum  at  Y'ale 
university.  Since  1869  he  has  been  asso- 
ciate editor  of  the  American  Journal  of 
Science.  He  has  been  president  of  the  Con- 
necticut academy  of  arts  and  sciences  for 
many  years ;  and  has  made  valua])le  orig- 
inal investigations  in  relation  to  inverte- 
brata  of  the  entire  Atlantic  and  Pacific 
coasts  of  North  America,  particularly  of  the 
deep  sea  fauna.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Bermuda  Islands;  Zoologj'  of  Bermuda; 
Coral  Reefs  of  the  Bermudas;  and  other 
works. 

Verrill,  Alpheus  Hyatt,  pliotographer, 
naturalist,  artist,  was  born  July  23.  1871, 
in  New  Haven,  Conn.  In  1902  he  an- 
nounced the  discovery  of  photography  in 
natural  colors.  He  has  illustrated  the  nat- 
uial  history  departnumt  of  Webster's  Inter- 
national Dictionary;  and  tlie  Clarendon 
Dctionary. 

Vertin,  John,  bishop,  was  born  July  17. 
1844.  in  Austria.  In  1863  he  emigrated  to 
tlie  I'nited  States,  and  two  years  later  wa.s 

ordained  a  priest,  and 
was  placed  in  charge 
of  the  ^Mission  church 
of  Houghton,  Mich. 
After  five  years  spent 
there  he  labored  for 
eight  years  a  m  o  n  g 
the    Roman     catholics 


of  Negaunee.  In  1879 
he  was  consecrated  a 
Roman  catholic  bish- 
op of  Marquette  and 
Sault  de  Ste.  Marie, 
and  has  sixty  priests 
under  his  care.  He  built  St.  Peter's  cathe- 
dra! of  .Maniuette,  which  is  one  of  the  fine.st 
cathedrals  in  America;  and  established 
numerous  clinrches.  He  died  Feb.  2(>,  1899, 
in   iMarcjuette,   Mich. 

Very,  Frank  W.,  educator,  astronomer, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  12.  1852,  in  Salem, 
Mass.  He  was  astronomer  at  the  Allegheny 
observatory  for  over  seventeen  years,  is  pro- 
fessor of  astronomy  in  the  Brown  univer- 
sity of  Providence,  R.I. ;  and  on  the  staff  of 
the  United  States  weather  bureau.  He  is 
the  author  of  numerous  astronomical 
works:  and  has  contributed  valuable  ar- 
ticles to  current    scientific  journals. 

Very,  Jones,  clergyman,  author,  poet,  was 
born  Aug.  28.  1813.  in  Salem.  :\rass.  He 
was  a  unitarian  clerg^•man  living  in  Salem, 
Mass.;  and  accounted  as  one  of  tlie  most 
purely  spM-itual  of  American  poets.  A  com- 
plete and  revised  edition  of  his  Poems  and 
Essays  appeared  in  1886.  He  died  ^lay  8, 
j880.   in  Salem,  Mass. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAFHY. 


551 


Very,  Lydia  Louisa  Anna,  educator,  au- 
thor, poet,  wus  born  Nov.  2,  182:3,  in  Salem, 
jMass.  She  was  for  thirty-four  years  a 
teacher  and  head  of  Salem  scliools.  She 
was  the  author  of  I'oems  and  Prose  \\  rit- 
ings;  A  Strange  Disclosure;  A  Strange  Kec- 
luse;  Sayings  and  Doings  Among  Insects 
and  Flowers;  Red  Riding  Hood;  and  other 
wori<:i.     Slie  died  in   1!M)1  in  Salem,  Mass. 

Very,  Samuel  Williams,  naval  officer,  was 
born  April  2;i.  1840.  in  l.iverpool,  England. 
In  181)8  he  was  commissioned  ensign;  in 
IS'Jo  became  commander;  and  in  11)00  at- 
tained the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  Since  1006 
he  has  been  commandant  of  the  naval  sta- 
tion of  Hawaii. 

Vessels,  William  Greene,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Xov.  27,  1847,  in  JNIanton, 
Ky.  He  is  a  successful  clergyman  of  the 
Metliodist  episcopal  cliurch  of  Ne%ytown, 
Ind.  He  is  the  author  of  Trowel  and  Sword, 
a  temperance  work;  and  Trio,  a  religious 
work. 

Vessey,  Robert  S.,  state  legislator,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  .May  10,  1858,  in  Winne- 
bago county,  ^\■is.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools;  and  at  the  Daggett  com- 
mercial school.  In  1905-09  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  South  Dakota  state  senate  from 
.Jerauld  county.  In  1909-11  he  was  gov- 
ernor of  the  state  of  South  Dakota. 

Vest,  Emmons  Rutledge,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  June  4.  1852,  in  Hohnan, 
Ind.  He  received  his  iU>grees  of  A.B.  and 
A.M.  from  the  DePauw  university;  and  for 
two  years  was  professor  of  history  and 
English  in  that  institution.  In  1883  he  en- 
tered tlie  ministry  of  the  Method'st  epis- 
copal ciiurch,  and  has  since  tilled  pastorates 
in  the  Indiana  conference.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Columbia's  Tomorrow;  Religion  in 
t'ivilization ;  Higher  Citizenship;  and  other 
works. 

Vest,  George  Graham,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, Inited  States  senator,  was  born  Dec. 
(>,  1830.  in  Frankfort.  Ky.  In  1853  he  re- 
nu)ved  to  .Missouri  and  began  the  practice 
of  law  in  central  Missouri.  He  was  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  democratic 
ticket  in  1860;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
.Missouri  house  of  rei)resentatives  in  1800- 
01.  He  was  a  member  of  the  house  of  rep- 
resentatives of  the  confederate  congress  for 
two  years;  and  a  member  of  the  confed- 
erate senate  for  one  year.  In  1879-1903  he 
was  Cnitcd  States  senator.  He  died  .\ug. 
9.    1904.   in   Sweet   Springs,   Mo. 

Vestin,  John,  clergj'man.  bishop.  He  was 
bishop  of  the  Ronnin  catholic  church.  He 
di<-d    in  1899. 

Vetch,  Samuel,  colonial  governor,  was 
ixirn  Dee.  9,  KiOH,  in  Scotland.  In  1700  he 
was  (engaged  in  trading  with  the  Indians  at 
Albany,  X.V.  In  1705  he  failed  to  eflect  a 
treaty  between  the  New  England  states  and 
Nova  Scotia;  and  as  adjutant-general  con- 
quered the  colony  in  1710.  He  served  as 
governor  of  Nova  Scotia  in  1710-13.  lie 
died  April  30,  1732,  in  London,  England. 


Vethake,  Henry,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  1792,  in  Essequilo  county,  B.C.  He 
was  professor  in  the  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania from  1830,  and  provost  in  1854.  He 
was  the  author  of  Principles  of  Political 
Economy.  He  died  Dec.  10,  180(5,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Vetromile,  Eugene,  missionary,  author, 
was  born  Fel).  22,  1819,  in  Italy.  He  was 
a  noted  Italian  Jesuit  missionary;  and  long 
resident  among  the  Penobscot  Indians.  He 
was  tlie  autlior  of  Travels  in  Europe,  etc.; 
The  Abenaki  and  Their  History;  and  sev- 
eral works  in  the  Abenaki  language.  He 
died  Aug.  21.  1880,  in  Italy. 

Veysey,  Arthur  Henry,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1809  in  England.  He  is 
a  writer  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Cheque  for  Three  Thousand,  a 
novel. 

Vezin,  Hermann,  actor,  was  born  iMarch 
29,  1829,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  suc- 
cessful in  The  i\Ian  o'  Airlie;  The  Rightful 
Heir;  Life  for  Life;  and  various  comedies, 
new  and  old;  and  in  1875  added  greatly  to 
his  reputation  by  his  rendering  of  Jacques 
in  .\s  You  Like  It. 

Viall,  George,  Marcius,  public  official,  state 
senator,  was  born  May  5,  1849,  in  Dorset, 
Vt.  In  1874  he  graduated  from  the  Union 
university,  and  has  received  the  degrees  of 
A.B.,  M.D.,  and  A.M.  For  many  years  his 
duties  have  been  public  and  in  the  settle- 
ment of  estates.  He  is  a  bank  director  and 
e.xeeutor  and  administrator  of  many  es- 
tates. In  1882-84  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Vermont  state  senate;  and  in  1886-88  and 
1904-00  a  representative  in  the  Vermont 
state  legislature.  He  has  been  town  clerk, 
treasurer  and  assessor;  and  since  1879  has 
been  continuously  trustee  of  public  moneys. 

Viall,  Nelson,  soldier,  was  born  in  Con- 
necticut. In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
second  regiment  Rhode  Island  infantry;  and 
in  1805  was  l)revette(l  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died  April  30,  1903. 

Vibbard,  Chauncey,  railroad  superintend- 
ent, coiigressuiaii,  was  born  Nov.  11.  1811, 
in  (ialway.  N.Y.  In  1848  he  became  the 
superintendent  of  the  Utica  and  Schenec- 
tady railway  company;  and  was  afterwards 
called  to  the  same  position  in  the  New  York 
central  railway  company.  In  1801-03  he 
v.'as  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
thirty-seventh  congress.  He  died  in  I'tica, 
N.Y." 

Vibbert,  William  H.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Ocl.  1,  ]8.'i9,  in  New  Haven.  Conn. 
Since  1891  he  has  been  vicar  of  Trinity 
chapel  of  New  York  City.  He  is  (he  author 
of  a  Cnide  to  Reading  the  Hebrew  Text. 

Vick,  James,  iMutieiilturist.  was  born  Nov. 
23,  1818,  in  England.  In  1855  he  engaged 
in  the  novel  enterprise  of  retailing  seeds 
tlirougli  the  niedinin  of  the  United  States 
mails.  He  develo])ed  new  varieties  of 
plants  by  cultivation  or  cross-fertilization, 
notably   double   phlox,   white  gladiolus,  and 


552 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


fringed  petunia.     He  died  May  16,  1882,  in 
Rochester,  N.Y. 

Vick,  Samuel  H.,  educator,  real  estate 
dealer,  Sabbath  school  missionarj-,  was 
born  April  1,  1863,  in  Castalia,  N.C.  He 
received  the  rudiments  of  his  education  in 
the  common  schools  of  Wilson,  N.C;  at- 
tended the  Wilson  academy;  and  in  1884 
graduated  from  the  Lincoln  university  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1885-89  he  was  principal 
of  the  Wilson  graded  school ;  and  was  post- 
master at  Wilson  in  1889-94  and  in  1898- 
1903.  Since  1898  he  has  also  been  notary 
public  of  Wilson  county,  N.C.  In  1894-98 
he  was  a  Sabbath-school  missionary;  and  in 
1896-98  was  a  member  of  the  county  board 
of  education.  In  1896-98  he  was  grand 
master  of  the  grand  united  order  of  odd 
fellows;  and  since  1898  has  been  its  grand 
secretary.  Since  1904  he  has  been  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  of  the  Lincoln  benefit  in- 
surance company;  and  since  1901  has  been 
engaged  in  the  real  estate  business. 

Vickers,  Alonzo  Knox,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Sept.  25,  1853,  in  Massoe  county,  111. 
In  1886  he  was  a  member  of  the  Illinois 
state  legislature.  In  1891-1906  he  was 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  for  the  first  judi- 
cial circuit  of  Illinois;  and  since  1906  has 
been  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Illinois. 

Vickers,  David,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
Jersey.  In  1861  he  was  a  first  lieutenant 
in  the  third  regiment  New  Jersey  infantry; 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers;  and  in  1898  was  honorably 
mustered  out  as  major  and  inspector-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.     He  died  in  1908. 

Vickers,  George,  soldier,  lawyer,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Nov.  19,  1801,  in 
Chestertown,  Md.  In  1836  he  was  an  elector 
of  the  state  senate  of  Alaryland ;  and  in 
1864  was  a  presidential  elector.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Marjdand  state  senate  in 
]S()()-67;  and  in  1867-73  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Maryland.  At  the 
commencement  of  the  civil  war  he  received 
the  appointment  of  major-general  of  the 
:\larylan(l  militia.  He  died  Oct.  8.  1879,  in 
Chestertown.  ^Id. 

Vickers,  George  Morley,  soldier,  journal- 
ist, author,  ])oet,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1841,  in 
i'hiladclphia.  Pa.  lie  served  as  a  private 
and  sergeant  in  tlic  luiion  army  dining  the 
civil  war.  In  1875-76  he  was  publisher  of 
the  Philadelphia  Sunday  Press  and  Evening 
Herald.  He  is  the  author  of  descriptive 
poems:  Lost  in  the  IVIountains:  The  Fel- 
on's Wife;  Roderick  Lee;  The  Pilot  Bride; 
(Juard  the  Flag;  Columbia,  My  Country; 
IJalhuls  of  the  Occident. 

Victor,  Mrs.  Frances  Fuller,  litterateur, 
autlior,  was  born  May  23,  1826,  in  Rome. 
N.Y.  Slie  is  the  author  of  The  River  of 
the  West;  All  Over  Oregon  and  Washing- 
ton; The  New  Penelope;  Atlantis  Arisen; 
History  of  Oi-egon,  in  two  volumes;  and 
(itlicr  iiistorioal  works. 

Victor,  Mrs.  Metta  Victoria  Fuller,  au- 
thor,   poet,   was   born   March   2,    1831,   near 


Erie,  Pa.  She  was  the  author  of  Fresh 
Leaves  from  Western  Woods;  Last  Days  of 
Tul,  a  Yucatan  romance;  The  Senator's 
Son,  a  plea  for  the  Maine  law;  Two  ^lor- 
mon  Wives;  The  Gold  Hunters;  Miss  Slim- 
mens'  Window,  and  Other  Papers;  Uncle 
Ezekiel;  Too  True;  Alice  Wilde;  The  Back- 
woods Bride;  Maum  Guinea;  Jo  Daviess' 
Client;  The  Dead  Letter;  Figure  Eight; 
Passing  the  Portal;  Blunders  of  a  Bashful 
]Man;  The  Bad  Boy's  Diary;  The  Naughty 
Girl's  Diary;  and  The  Rasher  Family.  Her 
poem  Compound  Interest  is  still  quoted. 
Slie  (lied  in   1885  in  New  York  City. 

Victor,  Orville  James,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  23,  1827,  in  Sanduskj',  Ohio. 
He  is  an  author  and  editor  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  the 
Southern  Rebellion;  Incidents  and  Anec- 
dotes of  the  War;  and  History  of  American 
Conspiracies. 

Vidal,  Michel,  journalist,  diplomat,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  France.  In  1867  he 
started  a  paper  called  the  St.  Landry  Prog- 
ress in  Opelousas,  La.  He  was  afterwards 
appointed  a  registrar  for  the  city  of  New 
Orleans.  In  1867-69  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Louisiana  to  the  fortieth  con- 
gress. He  was  subsequently  appointed  con-, 
sul   at   Tripoli. 

Viele,  Arnayd  Cornelius,  colonist,  was 
born  in  1620,  in  Holland.  His  familiarity 
with  the  dialect  and  character  of  the  In- 
dians led  to  his  becoming  an  interpreter 
between  the  government  and  the  natives; 
and  nearly  all  the  treaties  with  the  Indians 
for  many  years  bear  his  signature.  He 
died  in  1700,  in  New  York  City. 

Viele,  Egbert  Ludovickus,  military  en- 
gineer, congressTuan,  author,  was  born  June 
17,    1825,   in   Waterford,   N.Y.     In    1847   he 

graduated  from  the 
United  States  mili- 
tary academy;   and  in 


1861      was 
brigadier 
volunteers, 
mill  tary 
and      served 
civil      war. 
came      park 


brevetted 
■neral  of 
He    is    a 


in  the 
He  be- 
commis- 


sioner  of  New  York 
City  in  1883.  In  1885- 
87  he  was  a  repre- 
s  e  n  t  a  t  i  V  e  to  the 
forty-ninth  congress.  He  was  the  author 
of  Handbook  for  Active  Service;  Topo- 
grapliical  Atlas  of  New  York  City.  He  died 
A])ril  22.   1902,  in  New  York  City. 

Viele,  Herman  Knickerbocker,  civil  engi- 
neer, artist,  author,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1856, 
in  New  York  City.  He  was  especially  con- 
nected with  the  extension  of  Washington. 
D.C.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Inn  of  the 
Silver  Moon;  Random  Verse;  and  The 
House  of  Silence,  a  play. 

Viereck,  George  Sylvester,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  31,  1884.  in  Germany, 
Since   1906  he  has  been  associate  editor  of 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


553 


Current  Literature;  and  literary  editor  of 
a  German  monthly  newspaper.  He  is  the 
author  of  A  Game  at  Love  and  Other 
Plays;  America,  a  litany  of  Nations;  The 
House  of  Vampire;  and  Confessions  of  a 
Barbarian. 

Vifquain,  Victor,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1862  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  ninety-seventh  regiment  Illi- 
nois infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  was 
honorably  mustered  out  in  1899.  He  died 
in  1904.  " 

Vignaud,  Jean  Henry,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  27,  1830,  in  New  Orleans, 
La.  In  1863  he  was  appointed  assistant 
secretary  of  the  confederate  diplomatic  com- 
mission in  Paris.  He  is  now  secretary  of 
the  I'nited  States  embassy  at  Paris.  He  is 
the  author  of  a  History  of  the  Formation 
of  the  American  Union;  a  Histoiy  of  the 
Discovery  and  Occupation  of  the  Territory 
of  the  United  States;  Critical  and  Biblio- 
grapliical  Notices  of  All  Voyages  Which  Pre- 
ceded and  Prepared  the  Discovery  of  the 
Route  to  India  by  Diaz  and  of  America  by 
Columbus. 

Vilas,  Charles  Harrison,  physician,  sur- 
geon, genealogist,  was  born  July  22,  1846, 
in  Chelsea,  Vt.  He  has  been  president  of 
Hahnemann  medical  college  of  Chicago,  111. ; 
and  was  president  of  the  national  oplitlial- 
niology  and  otological  association.  He  has 
l)racticed  his  profession  in  Chicago  for  a 
quarter  of  a  century.  He  is  the  author  of 
N'ihis   (Icnealngy ;    and   other   works. 

Vilas,  William  Freeman,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  I'nited  States  senator,  cabinet 
ofiicer,  was  born  July  9,   1840,   in  Chelsea, 

Mass.  He  remove  d 
with  his  father's  fam- 
ily to  Wisconsin  and 
settled  at  Madison  in 
1851.  He  was  cap- 
tain of  company  A, 
t wcnty-th i rd  regiment 
\V  i  s  consin  infantry 
volunteers;  and  aft- 
erwards major  and 
licutciiaiit  -  colonel  of 
the  regiment,  iie  has 
l)c'en  one  of  the  pro- 
'"  fessors   of    law   of   the 

d<'i>:ti(mcnt  of  tile  state  university  since 
i86S,  omitting  1885-89;  and  was  one  of  the 
regents  of  the  university  in  1880-85.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  in 
1885.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  demneratic 
national  cdnvcntions  of  1876.  1880  and  1884. 
in  1885-88  ]n:  was  postmaster-general;  and 
in  1888-89  he  was  secretary  of  the  interior. 
In  1891-97  he  was  Thiitcd  States  senator. 
lb'  dicil  Aug.  27.   1908.  in  .Madison.  Wis. 

Viljoen,  Benjamin  Johannis,  soldier,  au- 
llior,  was  born  Sept.  7,  18(;8,  in  South 
Africa.  For  two  years  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Transvaal  senate;  For  two  years  he 
was  a  lieutenant  general  in  the  Boer  war; 
and  after  being  captured  and  exiled  by  the 


law 


British  he  emigrated  to  America  in  1902. 
In  1905  he  became  head  of  the  Boer  settle- 
ment of  Chamberino,  N.M.  He  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Western  Mesilla  valley  farmers' 
union;  general  manager  of  the  Lucerne 
farm  company;  and  was  president  of  the 
Boer  war  exhibition  at  the  World's  fair 
held  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  is  a  colonel  in  the 
New  Mexico  national  guard;  and  a  staff 
officer  on  the  staff  of  the  governor  of  New 
Mexico.  Me  is  the  author  of  An  li^xiled 
General;  and  Under  the  Vier  Kleur. 

Villard,  Henry,  journalist,  railroad  mag- 
nate, financier,  was  born  April  11,  1835,  in 
Germany.  He  became  the  European  corre- 
spondent of  the  New  York  Tribune.  In 
1870  he  engaged  in  Germany  in  the  negotia- 
tion of  American  railway  securities.  Repre- 
senting clients,  he  gained  control  of  the 
Oregon  steamship  company  and  other  trans- 
portation routes,  of  which  he  was  made 
president  in  1875.  He  died  Nov.  12,  1900, 
at  Dol)l)s  Ferry.  N.Y. 

Villepigue,  John  Bordenave,  soldier,  was 
boiii  July  2,  1830,  in  Camden,  S.C.  He 
joined  the  Confederate  army;  and  attained 
tlie  rank  of  major-general.  He  died  Nov. 
9,   1S()2.  in  Port  Hudson,  La. 

Villere  Jacques,  soldier,  governor,  was 
born  April  28,  1761,  near  New  Orleans,  La. 
He  was  major  of  volunteers  under  General 
Jackson  in  the  battle  of  New  Orleans  in 
1814-15.  He  was  the  second  governor  of 
Louisiana  in  1816-20.  He  died  in  1831,  in 
New  Orleans,  La. 

Villere,  James  Philip,  soldier,  governor. 
He  participated  in  the  battle  of  New  Or- 
leans as  major-general  of  the  state  militia. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  convention  of  1812 
which  framed  the  first  constitution  of  the 
state  of  Louisiana.  He  became  governor  of 
Louisiana  in  1817.  He  died  March  7,  1830, 
on  his  plantation  in  Louisiana. 

Villers,  Thomas  Jefferson,  clergyman,  the- 
ologian, was  born  May  23,  1861,  "in  Center- 
ville,  Va.  In  1885  lie  received  tlie  degree 
of  B.A.  from  the  university  of  Rochester; 
in  1888  graduated  from  the  Rochester  theo- 
logical seminary;  and  subsequently  received 
the  degrees  of  M.A.  and  D.D.  froiii  the  uni- 
versity of  Rochester.  In  1888-93  he  11  lied 
a  pastorate  in  Gloucester.  Mass.;  in  1893-98 
was  pastor  of  the  First  baptist  clnirch  at 
Syracuse,  X.V.;  in  1898-19(H)  was  pastor  of 
the  First  baptist  church  at  Indianapolis. 
Ind. ;  and  since  190(i  lias  been  pastor  of  the 
Peddie  memorial  cliureh  of  Newark,  N.J. 
For  five  years  lie  was  p7-esident  of  tlie  In- 
diana baiitist  convention;  is  a  trustee  of 
the  Rochester  theological  seminary;  is  a 
trustee  of  the  Peddie  institute;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  Hie  board  of  the  American  baptist 
Iioine  juission   society. 

Vincent,  Albert  Oliver,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  7,  1842.  in  Cadi/.  Ohio.  He  served  a.s 
major  of  tlie  fourth  Arkansas  cavalry  in 
lS(i4-65;  was  pn>mote(l  to  lieutenant-colo- 
nel   for    meritorious   services;    and   was   re- 


554 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


tired  from  active  service  in   1869.     He  died 
Dec.  9,  1882,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Vincent,  Boyd,  clergyman,  bishop,  author, 
was  born  May  18,  1845,  in  Erie,  Pa.  He 
was  elected  bishop  of  Delaware  in  1887; 
and  in  1889  was  chosen  protestant  episcopal 
coadjutor  bishop  of  southern  Ohio.  He  is 
the  author  of  Can  God  Hear  Prayer?  A 
Discussion  of  the  Reasonableness  of  Prayer ; 
and  The  Episcopal  Church  Put  to  the  Test. 

Vincent,  Edgar  La  Verne,  journalist,  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  Dec.  14,  18.31,  in 
Persia,  N.Y.  He  is  a  printer  and  journal- 
ist. For  two  years  he  was  a  representat.ve 
in  the  New  York  state  legislature ;  and  now 
resides  in  Binghamton,  N.Y.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of   .Margaret  Bowlby  a  political   novel. 

Vincent,  Francis,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  March  17,  1822,  in  England.  He  was 
a  journalist  of  Wilmington,  Del.  He  was 
the  author  of  A^  History  of  Delaware.  He 
died  June  23,   1884,  in  Wilmington,  Del. 

Vincent,  Frank,  traveler,  author,  was  born 
April  2,  1848,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  He  was 
the  first  person  to  make  a  systematic  tour 
of  the  entire  world.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Land  of  the  White  Elephant;  Through 
and  Through  the  Tropics;  Around  and 
About  America;   and  Actual  Africa. 

Vincent,  George  Carothers,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, journalist,  college  jiresident,  was 
born  April  4,  1813,  near  Harrisville,  Pa. 
In  1840  he  was  licensed  to  preach  in  Lon- 
donderiy,  Ohio.  He  organized  a  churclf  in 
Washington,  Iowa  ;  and  was  ordained  to  the 
ministry  and  installed.  He  filled  pastorates 
in  Greenfield,  Brookville,  Jeil'erson  and 
Latrobe,  Pa.  He  was  president  of  Franklin 
college  in   1872-77.     He  died  Oct.   16.   1889. 

Vincent,  George  Edgar,  journalist,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  in  1864  in  Rockford, 
111.  Since  1900  he  has  been  professor  of 
sociology  in  the  university  of  Chicago;  and 
since  1903  has  been  dean  of  the  faculties. 
He  is  the  author  of  Social  Mind  and  Educa- 
tion ;  and  An  Introduction  to  the  Study  of 
Society. 

Vincent,  John  Heyl,  bishop,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  23,  1S32,  in  TuscakK>sa,  Ala.  In 
1888  he  was  consecrated  methodist  episco- 
pal bishop;  and  is  now  in  charge  of  the 
work  of  his  church  in  Europe.  He  is  promi- 
ni'ut  as  one  of  tlie  founders  of  the  cele- 
brated Chautauqiur  movement  in  1874.  He 
is  the  author  of  Studies  in  Young  Life; 
The  ]\Iodern  Sunday  School ;  Little  Foot- 
prints in  Bible  Lands;  Earthly  Footsteps 
of  the  Man  of  (Jalilee;  Better  Not;  The 
Chautau'ina  ^lovement;  To  Old  Bethlehem; 
Our  Own  Church;  Outline  History  of 
Greece;  Outline  History  of  Pvome;  Outline 
History  of  England ;  and  The  Church  at 
Home. 

Vincent,  John  Martin,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  11,  1857,  in  Elyria.  Ohio.  In 
1895  he  was  made  associate  professor  of 
Jiistory  and  in  1905  became  ))rofessor  of 
European  history  in  the  Johns  Hopkins  uni- 
versity of  Baltimore,  Md.     He  is  the  author 


of  Government  in  Switzerland;  and  various 
other  studies  in  history. 

Vincent,  Joshua  William,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  14,  1859,  in  Jackson, 
Miss.  He  has  been  editor  and  owner  of  the 
Reveille  of  Linn  Creek,  Mo.;  and  for  many 
years  published  the  Tribune  and  other 
newspapers.  He  has  contributed  both  prose 
and  verse  extensively  to  current  literature. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  History  of  Camden 
County,  Mo. 

Vincent,  Leon  Henry,  lecturer,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1859,  in  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  French  Academy;  Cor- 
neille;  Molliere;  and  American  Literary 
Masters. 

Vincent,  Marvin  Richardson,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Sept.  11,  1834, 
in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y.  He  is  a  presbyte- 
rian  clergyman  of  New  Y^ork  City;  and 
professor  in  the  LTnion  seminary  since  1888. 
He  is  the  author  of  Faith  and  Character; 
Student's  Handbook  of  the  Topics  and  Lit- 
erature of  New  Testament  Introduction; 
Word  Studies  in  the  New  Testament; 
Stranger  and  Guest;  Gates  into  tiie  Psalm 
Country ;  Amusement  a  Force  in  Christian 
Training;  The  Two  Prodigals;  The  Minis- 
ter's Handbook;  What  Is  It  to  Believe?; 
God  and  Bread;  The  Covenant  of  Peace; 
The  Law  of  Sowing  and  Reaping;  Bible  In- 
spiration and  Christ;  That  Monster,  the 
Higher  Critic;  Christ  as  a  Teacher;  In  the 
Shadow  of  the  Pyrenees,  from  Basque  Land 
to  Carcassonne;  and  The  Age  of  Hilde- 
brand. 

Vincent,  Mary  Ann  Farlin,  actress,  was 
born  Sept.  18,  1818,  in  Portsmouth,  Eng- 
land. In  1834  she  made  her  first  public 
appearance  on  the  stage  on  the  Isle  of 
Wight,  England.  For  many  years  she 
played  in  Boston  and  Baltimore  in  every 
kind  of  drama.  She  died  Sept.  4,  1887,  in 
Boston,  ^lass. 

Vincent,  Strong,  soldier,  was  born  June 
17,  1837.  in  Waterford,  Pa.  He  served  in 
the  civil  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general.  He  was  killed  in  the 
battle  at  Gettysburg. 

Vincent,   Thomas   MacCurdy,   soldier,   au- 
thor,   was    born    Nov.    15,    1832,    in    Cadiz, 
educated    in    the 
and 
his 
in 

from 

States  military  acad- 
emy. In  1853  he  was 
brevetted  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  second 
artillery ;  and  served 
throughout  the  var- 
ious grades  of  first 
lieutenant  captain 
assistant  adjutant 
general,  m  a  j  o  r  as- 
sistant adjutant-general  and  lieutenant- 
colonel.  Ill  1896  he  was  retired  by  opera- 
tion of   law;    and  in    1904  was  advanced   to 


Ohio.      He   was 


high 
native 
1853 
the 


grammar 

schools    of 

city ;    and 

graduated 

United 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


555 


tlic  rank  of  Ijrigadier-general  retired.  He 
was  lircvctti'd  lieutciiaiit-coloncl,  colonel 
and  biigaditT-gi'iieral  in  ]8(i.")  for  faithful 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  civil 
war.  At  various  times  he  was  acting  adju- 
tant-general of  the  liiited  States  army.  He 
in  the  author  of  Stall'  Organizat'on ;  Lincoln 
and  Stanton;  Lincoln;  Florida  Indians  in 
the  Dav  of  DeSoto  and  Florida  Seminole 
War;  and  Battle  of  Bull  Run.  Julv  21, 
18(51. 

Vincent,  William  Alexander,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  .Jan.  1,  IS.")!,  in  Wheeling,  Va. 
He  moved  to  New  Mexico;  and  was  ap- 
pointed chief  justice  of  the  suprenu'  court 
of  New  .Mexico  by  President  Cleveland.  He 
.subsequently  was  elected  president  of  the 
New  ^lexico  bar  association;  and  received 
the  democratic  nomination  for  congress.  He 
declined  the  nomination  for  congress,  re- 
turned to  Springtield,  and  in  1889  moved  to 
Chicago.  He  was  attorney  for  the  com])any 
wliich  built  the  Ferris  wheel  for  the  world's 
fair;  and  was  the  leading  coiuisel  for  the 
defense  in  the  famous  Luetgert  case. 

Vincent,  William  D.,  merchant,  journalist, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  11,  18.52,  near 
Dresden,  Tenn.  He  has  been  the  nominee 
of  his  ]jarty  for  lieutenant  governor  of  Kan- 
sas; and  also  for  governor.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  board  of  railroad  commis- 
sioners in  1893-94.  In  1807-99  he  was  a 
re))i'esenfativ(>  to  the   fifly-Hfth   congre-^s. 

Vingut,  Francisco  Javier,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  182.'}  in  Cuba,  lie  is  a 
Cuban  educator;  after  1848  a  resident  of 
New  York;  and  professor  of  Spanish  in  the 
university  of  the  city  of  New  York.  He  is 
the  author  of  Spanish  Grammar;  and 
Spanish  and  English  Phrase  Book. 

Vingut,  Mrs.  Gertrude  author,  was  born 
about  lS:i()  in  Philadelpjiia.  Pa.  She  edit- 
ed rjems  of  Spanish  Poetry,  in  conjunction 
with  her  husl)and.  She  is  the  author  of 
.Madeline;  Naomi  Torrente.  the  History  of 
a    Woman:    ainl    licne. 

Vining,  Helen  Sherwood,  uin.iician.  com- 
|)oser,  was  horn  .Inly  4,  1855,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  She  is  the  author  of  a  Pianoforte 
Primer;    and   other   instructive  works. 

Vinje.  Aad  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Nov.  Kt.  IS.")?,  in  Norway.  He  received  a 
thorough  education;  graduating  with  hon- 
ors. He  studied  law 
and  practice<l  that 
jirofession  for  some 
1  i  m  e  with  marked 
success.      In    1891    he 


In  ISO] -94  he 
l)racticii!g  at- 
of  that  city; 
prominent      in 


mo\  ed 
Wi-. 
wa-i    a 
lorney 

being 

the  business,  ])ublic 
and  sfieial  allairs.  In 
a  gieat  nieas>ire  he 
has  successfully  la- 
le  best  public  interests  of 
the    cit\'    of    which    he    has    so    iong   been    a 


part.  Since  1895  he  has  been  judge  of  the 
eleventh  judicial  circuit  of  Wisconsin,  in 
which  court  he  has  shown  his  courage,  de- 
cision of  character  and  ability  as  a  jurist. 
Vining,  John,  congressman,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1758,  in  Dover, 
Del.  Hi  1784-8()  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Delaware  to  the  continental  congress;  and 
in  1789-93  he  was  a  representative  from 
Delaware  to  the  first  and  second  congresses. 
In  1793-99  he  was  Ihiited  States  senator. 
He  died  in  Feliruarv,  lSt)2,  in  Dover,  Del. 

Vinton,  Alexander  Hamilton,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  March  30.  1852,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  In  1884-1902  he  was  rector  of 
All  Saints'  church  of  Worcester,  Mass;  and 
later  was  protestant  episcopal  bishop  of 
western  IMassachusetts.  He  died  Jan.  18, 
1911. 

Vinton,  Alexander  Hamilton,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  May  2,  1807.  in  Provi- 
dence, R.I.     In  1828  he  graduated  from  the 

medical  department 
of  Yale  university; 
and  practiced  (hat 
profession  for  three 
y  ears  at  Pomfret, 
Conn.  In  1835  he  en- 
tered the  ministry  of 
the  protestant  c  p  i  s- 
c  opal  church  and 
filled  a  pastorate  in 
Portland,  iMaine.  His 
succi'ssive  parishes 
thereafter  were  in 
Providence,  R.I. ;  Bos- 
ton. Mass.;  Philadelphia  and  New  York 
City.  He  was  lecturer  on  systematic  divin- 
ity at  the  E])isco])al  divinity  school  of 
Cambridge.  Mass.  In  1845  he  was  a  candi- 
date for  the  bishopric  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  the  author  of  several  vcdumes  of  ser- 
mons; Bolen  Lectures  for  1877;  and  Lec- 
tures on  the  Evidences  of  Christianitv.  He 
died  A])ril   2fi,   1881,  in  Philadelphia,"  Pa. 

Vinton,  Arthur  Dudley,  lawyer,  author, 
was  horn  Dec.  23.  1S52,  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y. 
He  was  a  lawyer  and  novelist  of  New  York 
City;  and  assistant  editor  of  the  North 
Anu'rican  Review.  He  was  the  author  of 
I'he  Pomfret  Mystery;  The  I'npardonable 
Sin:  and  Looking  Further  Backward.  He 
died   in    19(10  in  New  York  City. 

Vinton,  Calesta  Holman,  missionary,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1S09.  in  I'nion,  Conn. 
She  was  siu'cessful  in  teaching  the  Karen 
women.  She  was  the  author  of  several 
hymn-books    in    their    language.      She    died 


to      Superior,       Doe.   20.    1804.    in    Buniiah. 


bored  to  advance  l  Ik 


Vinton,  David  Hammond  soldier,  was 
born  .May  4.  1803.  in  Providence.  R.L  In 
I8(i4  he  was  brevet  ted.  for  faithful  and 
meritorious  services,  coloncd  and  brigadier- 
geiu-ral.  In  ISOO  he  became  assistant  i]Uar- 
lermaster-general ;  and  the  same  year  was 
I)laced  upon  the  retired  list.  He  died  Feb. 
21.   1873.  in  Stamford,  Conn. 

Vinton,  Francis,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  .\ug.  29.  1809,  in  Providence,  R.L     In 


556 


.HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1848  he  was  elected  bishop  of  Indiana;  and 
in  1869  was  elected  professor  of  ecclesias- 
tical law  and  polity  in  the  General  theolog- 
ical seminary  fo  New  York  City.  He  was 
the  author  of  Arthur  Tremaine,  or  Annals 
of  Cadet  Life;  Evidences  of  Christianity; 
and  ]\Ianual  Commentary  on  the  General 
Canon  Law  of  the  Episcopal  Church.  He 
died  Sept.  28,   1872,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Vinton,  Francis  Laurens,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  in  1835  in  Maine.  He  was  an  of- 
ficer in  the  federal  army  during  tiie  civil 
war;  and  became  a  brigadier-general.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Guardian,  a  poem; 
Lectures  on  Machines;  and  Theory  of  the 
Strength  of  Materials.     He  died  in   1879. 

Vinton,  Frederic,  bibliographer,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  9,  1817,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1865-73  he  was  first  assistant  in  the  library 
of  congress.  He  there  prepared  six  annual 
supplements  to  the  Alphabetical  Catalogue 
of  the  Library  of  Congress,  and  the  Index  of 
Subjects.  In  1873  he  became  librarian  of 
Princeton  college,  of  whose  library  he 
printed  the  Subject  Catalogue.  He  died 
Jan.  1.  1890.  in  Princeton,  N.J. 

Vinton,  Frederic  Porter,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Jan.  29,  1846,  in  Bangor,  Maine. 
He  was  educated  in  Chicago;  and  has  a 
studio  in  Boston,  where  he  has  attained 
eminence  as  a  portrait  painter.  He  received 
the  gold  medal  at  the  World's  Columbian 
exposition;  and  a  gold  medal  at  the  At- 
lanta exposition.  In  1891  he  became  a 
member  of  the  National  academy  of  design. 
Vinton,  John  Adams,  clergyman,  geneal- 
ogist, autlior.  was  liorn  Feb.  5,  1801,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  was  a  congregational 
clerg;\'man.  He  was  the  author  of  Tiie  Vin- 
ton ilemorial :  The  Symmes  Memorial ;  The 
Giles  iSfemorial ;  and  The  Sampson  Family 
in  America.  He  died  Nov.  13.  1877,  in  Win- 
chester. IMass. 

Virgil,  Almon  Kincaid,  educator,  musician, 
inventor,   author,   was   born   Aug.    13,    1842, 
in   Erie,  Pa.     He  was  educated  in  th"  pub- 
lic schools;  and  at  the 
New  York  central  col- 
lege.     He   spent    four 
years    in    Europe    in- 
W  «  vestigating    systems  of 

K  teaching;     and     for 

"-  years      has     made     a 

special  study  of  peda- 
gogy and  psychology 
as  applied  to  teach- 
ing music.  He  has 
invented  and  patent- 
ed several  i  n  s  t  r  u- 
ments  to  aid  in  carrj-- 
ing  out  his  educational  ideas.  In  1899  lie 
was  one  of  the  founders  and  is  a  director  of 
the  Virgil  Clavier  piano  school  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  Foundation  Ex- 
ercises; and  Step  by  Step,  a  textbook  in 
piano  ])laying. 

Vinton,  Samuel  Finley,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  25,  1792.  in  South 
Hadley,  Mass.     In   1823-37   and   1843-51   he 


was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
eighteenth,  nineteenth,  twentieth,  twenty- 
first,  twenty-second,  twenty-third  and 
twenty-fourth,  and  to  the  twenty-eighth, 
twenty-ninth,  thirtieth  and  thirty-first  con- 
gresses. Ill  1840  he  was  a  presidential 
elector;  and  in  1862  was  appointed  a  com- 
missioner under  the  act  emancipating  the 
slaves  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  He  died 
May  11.  1862,  in  Washington. 

Virgil,  Mrs.  Antha  Minerva,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Elmira,  N.i.  She  has 
])atented  and  is  now  manufacturing  the 
Tekniklavier;  and  in  1891  organized  the 
X'irgil  piano  school  of  New  York  City.  She 
is  the  author  of  The  Virgil  Method  of  Piano 
Instruction ;  Four  Books  on  Melodious 
Studies  and  Short  Pieces;  and  Artistic 
Studies  and  Pieces. 

Virgin,  William  Wirt,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
horn  in  September,  1823,  in  Kumford, 
Maine.  In  1872-93  he  was  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Elaine.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Maine  Civil  Officer;  Digest  of 
the  Decisions  of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court 
of  .Maine;  and  Law  and  Equity  Reports.  He 
died  Jan.  23.  1893,  in  Portland,  Maine. 

Visscher,  William  Lightfoot,  soldier,  ac- 
tor, author,  poet,  was  l)oni  Nov.  25,  1842, 
in  Owingsville,  Ky.  He  lias  written  more 
than  a  thousand  poems;  and  his  master- 
piece, entitled  Black  Mammy,  a  song  of  the 
sunny  south,  appeared  in  book-form  in  1886, 
together  with  other  miscellaneous  poems 
from  liis  pen.  He  is  the  author  of  Carlisle 
of  Colorado;  Way  Out  Yonder;  Peter  Van- 
sant;  A  Head  of  Bronze;  Harp  of  the 
South;  Blue  Grass  Ballads;  and  Chicago; 
an  Epic. 

Vivian,  Thomas  Jondrie,  educator,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  Aug.  3,  1855,  in 
England.  He  is  the  author  of  Seven  Smiles 
and  a  Few  Fibs;  With  Dewey  at  M.anila; 
Tlie  Fall  of  Santiago:  Everything  About 
Our  New  Possessions;  Luther  Strong;  and 
The  Fairy  Spinning  Wheel. 

Vittum,  Edmund  March,  educator,  cler- 
was  born  Oct.  24,  1855,  in 
In  1878  he  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college  and 
subsequently  received 
the  degree  of  A.M.; 
and  in  1884  graduat- 
ed from  the  Yale  di- 
vinity school.  In  1898 
lie  received  the  honor- 
ary degree  of  D.D. 
iiom  Iowa  college.  In 
1S73-74  he  was  prin- 
cipal of  the  Orleans 
liberal  institute;  and 
in  1878-81  was  pro- 
fessor of  mathematics 
at  Roberts  college  in  Turkey.  In  1884  he 
was  ordained  to  the  congregational  minis- 
try; ,  and  filled  pastorates  in  Guilford, 
t'oiin.;  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa;  and  Grinnell, 
Iowa.  Since  1907  he  has  been  president  of 
Fargo  college  of  North  Dakota.     He  is  the 


gyman.  author, 
Sandwicli,  N.H. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


557 


author  of  Church  Festivals  in  a  Meeting- 
house; Faith  on  tiie  Frontier;  and  Head  of 
the  Firm. 

Vivian,  Harold  Acton,  journalist,  play- 
wright, author,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1875,  in 
Ceylon.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Theatrical 
Primer. 

Vizetelly,  Francis  Horace,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  2,  1864,  in  Loudon, 
England.  In  1901-07  lie  was  associate  edi- 
tor of  the  Standard  dictionary;  and  since 
1891  has  been  a  member  of  the  editorial 
stall'  of  Funk  and  Wagnalls  company  of 
New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  no- 
mauce  of  the  Finger  King;  The  Fan  in  Ro- 
mance and  History ;  .Sunshades  and  Um- 
brellas ;  and  Desk  Book  of  Mispronounced 
Words. 

Vocke,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  April  4,  1839,  in  Germany.  He 
served  through  the  civil  war  from  private 
to  captain  in  the  twenty-fourth  regiment 
Illinois  volunteer  infantry.  In  1807  iie  be- 
gan the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111.  He 
is  tile  author  of  Administration  of  Justice 
in  the   I'nited   States. 

Vogdes,  Anthony  Wayne,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  April  23,  1843,  in  West  Point, 
N.Y.  He  entered  a  military  career  as  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  first  regiment  New 
York  infantry;  and  was  brevetted  captain 
and  major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  serv- 
ices during  the  civil  war.  In  1808  lie  was 
appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the  fourth 
United  States  infantry;  and  in  1904  was  re- 
tired with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
IS  tiie  author  of  Course  of  Science  Applied 
to  Military  Art. 

Vogdes,  Israel,  soldier,  was  born  Aug.  4, 
1816,  in  Willistown,  Pa.  He  took  part  in 
the  hostilities  against  the  Seminole  Indians. 
He  died  Dec.  7,  1889,  in  New  York  Cily. 

Vogdes,  William,  lawyer,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  29,  1802,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1838-61  he  was  professor 
of  matliematies  in  the  Central  high  school 
of  Philadel])liia.  He  was  the  author  of 
United  States  Arithmetic;  and  Elementary 
Treatise  on  INIensuration.  He  died  Jan.  28, 
1886.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Voight  Edward  William,  brewer,  capital- 
ist, was  born  Ajiril  '),  1844,  in  Sa.xony.  He 
was  general  manager  and  is  now  president 
of  the  Voight  l»rewing  company  of  Detroit, 
.Mich.;  is  ])resident  of  the  ^lichigan  sul- 
phite fiber  co!n|)any;  and  president  of  the 
Mineral  range  iron  mining  coinpanj',  lim- 
ited of  Ontario,  Canada. 

Volk,  Douglas,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
Feb.  23,  lS.-)(;,  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.  In  1880 
he  organized  the  .Minneapolis  school  of  fine 
arts.  He  received  a  medal  for  his  exhiint 
of  three  oil  paintings  at  the  \A'orld's  Colum- 
bian exposition.  In  1899  he  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  National  academy  of  design. 

Volk,  Leonard  Wells,  sculptor,  artist,  was 
born  Nov.  7.  1828,  in  Wells,  N.Y.  In  ]8r)7 
he  settled  in  Chicago.  His  first  sit(er  for 
a    portrait-bust,    the    first    that    was    ever 


modeled  in  Chicago,  was  his  patron ;  and  he 
subsequently,  in  1858,  made  a  life-size 
statue  of  Mr.  Douglas  in  marble.  He  died 
Aug.   19,   1895,  in  Osceola,  Wis. 

Voliva,  Wilbur  Glenn,  clergyman,  over- 
seer, was  born  March  10,  1870,  in  Newton, 
Ind.     In  1891  he  graduated  from  the  Union 

christian  college  of 
Meron,  Ind.,  and  re- 
ceived the  degree  of 
D.D.  In  1889  he  was 
ordained  to  the  min- 
istry of  the  christian 
church,  and  in  1889- 
93  filled  pastorates  in 
Linden,  Ind.,  and  Ur- 
bana.  111.  In  1893-94 
he  studied  theology 
in  Stanfordville,  N.Y., 
and  in  1897  graduat- 
ed from  Hiram  college 
as  B.A.  In  1893-94  he  supplied  a  pulpit  in 
the  Chestnut  street  christian  church  of  Al- 
l)any,  N.Y.;  and  in  1897-99  was  pastor  of 
the  christian  church  of  Washington  court- 
house, Ohio.  In  1889  he  became  a  member 
of  the  christian  catholic  church;  in  1899 
was  ordained  elder  and  later  became  elder 
m  charge  of  tabernacles  in  Chicago  and 
Cincinnati.  In  1901-00  he  was  overseer  of 
the  christian  catholic  church  in  Australia; 
in  1906  was  assistant  of  John  Alexander 
Dowie;  when  he  became  general  overseer  of 
the  christian  catholic  apostolic  church  in 
Z:on  throughout  the  world. 

Volk,  Stephen  Arnold  Douglas,  painter, 
artist,  was  born  Feb.  23,  1850,  in  Pittsfield, 
Mass.  In  1875  he  exhibited  at  the  salon  in 
Brittany;  and  his  Vanity  was  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Centennial  exhibition  of  1876.  His 
other  important  works  are  In  the  Studio; 
The  Puritan  Maiden;  The  Puritan  Cap- 
tives; Accused  of  Witchcraft;  and  The 
Bride. 

Vollmer,  John  Phillip,  merchant,  manu- 
facturer, banker,  was  born  Jan.  25,  1847, 
in  Germany.  He  settled  in  Indiana  in  his 
boyhood;  and  was  educated  in  Butler  uni- 
versity and  at  Pvichter's  school  of  technol- 
ogy, both  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.  He  is  suc- 
cessfully engaged  in  banking,  merchandis- 
ing, milling,  manufacturing  and  farming;  is 
president  of  the  First  national  bank  of 
i.ewiston.  Idaho;  and  president  of  a  number 
of  other  bunks  and  manufacturing  institu- 
tions and  enterprises.  He  is  an  independ- 
ent republican;  and  prominently  ideiifified 
with  tlic  business  ami  jniblic  alhiirs  of  his 
sl;ite. 

Vollmering,  Joseph,  painter,  arist,  was 
born  Aug.  27,  1810,  in  Westphalia.  He 
opened  a  studio  in  New  York  City;  and 
was  elected  an  associate  member  of  ilio  Na- 
tional academy  in  ]8.'>3.  Among  his  paint- 
ings are  Indian  Falls,  near  Cold  Spring, 
N.Y. ;  View  on  the  Hudson;  Holy  Shrine  at 
Sunset:  and  Studv  of  Trees,  lb"  died  Sept. 
24,   1887,  in  New  York  City. 

Volstead,    Andrew    J.,    lawyer,    congress- 


558 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


man,  was  born  in  1860,  in  Goodhue  county, 
Minn.  He  has  been  city  attorney  and  mayor 
of  Granite  Falls,  ^linn.;  and  for  fourteen 
years  Avas  county  attorney.  In  1903-15  he 
was  a  representative  from  Minnesota  to  the 
lifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first, 
sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a 
reinibliean. 

Von  Blessingh,  Louis,  soldier,  was  born 
in  (iermany.  In  18(31  he  was  captain  in  the 
fourteentli  regiment  Ohio  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.    He  died  July  15.   1887. 

Von  Der  Heide,  John  Frederic,  musician, 
composer,    was   born    Feb.   28,    1857,   in   Cin 
cinnati,   Ohio.      In    1882-84   he   was   director 
of  the  Buffalo  school  of  music;  tlien  settled 
in  New  York  City  as  a  music  teacher. 

Von  Gottschalck,  Oscar  Hunt,  artist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  1,  1865,  in  Providence, 
R.I.  He  studied  art  in  Rhode  Island  and 
New  York.  He  has  exhibited  at  Chicago 
and  New  York;  and  in  ]!J06  and  i907  ox- 
iiibited  at  the  Salmagundi  club  of  New  York 
and  in  Chicago,  111.  He  is  the  author  of 
Yankee  Doodle  Gander;  >inome  Man's 
Land;  Lives  of  the  Haunted;  and  Histor- 
ical (Sense  and  Nonsense,  a  serial. 

Von  Hoist,  Hermann  Eduard,  educat(.>r, 
author,  was  born  June  1!),  1841,  in  Livonia. 
For  many  years  he  was  head  and  professor 
of  history  at  the  university  of  Chicago.  He 
was  the  author  of  Constitutional  History  of 
the  United  States;  Constitutional  Law  of 
the  United  States;  and  Life  of  John  IJrown. 
lie  died  ill  1904  in  Chicago,  111. 

Von  Hutten,  Baroness  Bettina,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Fi'b.  14.  1S74,  in  J'^rie,  Pa. 
She  is  the  author  of  Our  Lady  of  the 
Beaches;  Violetto;  Pam ;  \Vhat  Became  of 
I'am;   and  The  Halo. 

Vonnoh,  Bessie  Potter,  sculptor,  artist, 
was  horn  Aug.  17,  1872,  in  St.  Louis.  Mo. 
She  is  the  wife  of  Robert  William  Vonnoh, 
artist.  She  has  received  medals  from  Paris 
and  St.  Louis  expositions;  and  is  repre- 
sented in  the  ^letropolitan  mnseum  of  art. 
She  is  an  associate  national  academician. 

Vonnoh,  Robert  William,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Sept.  17.  1858,  in  Hartford.  (  onn. 
In  1883-85  he  Wiu>  principal  of  the  East 
Boston  evening  drawing  school ;  and  in 
1891-96  was  principal  and  instructor  of  por- 
trait and  figure  drawing  in  Pennsylvania 
academy  of  fine  arts  at  Philadelphia.  He 
is  a  national  academician. 

Von  Schierbrand,  Wolf,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  4,  1851,  in  Dresden.  Ger- 
many. In  1872  he  began  educational  work 
in  tiie  Ciiited  States;  and  in  1886-87  was 
L'nited  States  minister  to  Persia.  He  is 
the  author  of  Kussia;  America,  Asia,  and 
the  Pacific;  and  Romulus  and  Remus  and 
several   oilier  jilays. 

VonSteinwehr,  Adolph,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  \\as  colonel  in 
the  twenty-ninth  regiment  New  York  in- 
fant ry;    iind    Ihe    same    vear   was    brevetted 


brigadier-general     of     volunteers.      He     died 
Feb.  25,   1877. 

Von  Vegesack,  Ernest,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Sweden.  In  1862  he  was  colonel  in  the  twen- 
tieth regiment  New  York  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  died  in  Januarv.  1903,  in  New 
York. 

Voorhees,  Charles  Stewart,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  4,  1853.  in  Cov- 
ington, Ind.  He  was  a  successful  lawyer  of 
Colfax,  Wash.  He  was  elected  attorney  for 
Whitman  county  in  1882-85.  In  1885-87  he 
was  a  territorial  delegate  to  the  forty- ninth 
congress  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  Decem- 
ber.  1909,  in  Spokane.  Wash. 

Voorhees,  Daniel  Wolsey,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, l'nited  States  senator,  was  born 
Sept.  26,   1827,  in  Butler  counly,  Ohio.     In 

1849  he  graduated 
from  the  Indiana  As- 
bury  university;  and 
in  1851  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law.  In  1858- 
61  he  was  United 
Stales  di.strict  attor- 
ney for  Indiana.  In 
1861-67  and  1869-73 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Indiana  to 
the  t  h  i  r  t  y-sevi'uth, 
thirty-eighth,  thirty- 
ninth  (in  which  his 
seat  was  successfully  contested),  forty-first 
and  forty-second  congresses.  In  1877-97  he 
was  a  member  of  the  United  States  senate. 


H( 


was   in  favor  of  the  free  coinage  of  sil- 


ver; and  the  preservation  of  the  greenback 
currency  as  full  legal  tender  money.  He 
died  April  10,  1897.  in  Washington.  D.C. 

Voorhees,  Jidward  Burnett,  educator, 
chemist,  author,  was  born  .June  22,  1856,  in 
Somerset  county,  N.J.  Since  1890  he  has 
been  professor  of  agriculture  at  Rutgers 
college  of  New  Brunswick.  N.J.  Since  1892 
he  has  been  director  of  the  New  Jersey  agri- 
cultural experiment  station;  and  president 
of  the  state  board  of  agriculture  since  1900. 
He  is  the  author  of  First  Principles  of 
Agriculture;   Fertilizers;  and  Forage  Crops. 

Voorhees,  Foster  Mac  Gowan,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  governor,  was  born  Nov.  5, 
1856,  in  Clinton,  N.J.  In  1888-90  he  was  a 
member  of  the  New  Jersey  state  legislature; 
and  was  state  senator  in  1894-98.  In  1899- 
1902  he  was  the  thirtieth  governor  of  New 
rU'rsey. 

Voorhees,  James  Spencer,  clergyman, 
missionary,  was  born  May  14,  1858,  in 
Rocky  Hill,  N.J.  He  was  a  missionary  un- 
der the  congregational  home  missionarj'  so- 
ciety; was  state  secretary  of  the  young 
men's  christian  association  of  California; 
and  pastor  of  the  .second  congregational 
(liuicli  of  Winsted.  Conn.  He  is  now  ]nistor 
of  the  Roslindale  congregational  church  of 
Boston,   Mass. 

Voorhees,  Philip  Falkerson,  jiaval  ofiieer. 
was    i)()rn    in    1792    in    Xew    T.iuuswick,   N.J. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


559 


In  1809  lie  entered  the  I'nited  States  navy; 
and  received  two  medals  from  congress  for 
his  part  in  the  captnre  of  two  vessels.  In 
1838  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  cap- 
tain. He  died  Feh.  2G,  18U2,  in  Annapolis, 
Md. 

Voorhies,  Albert,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  ISoO- 
62  lie  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Louisiana. 

Voorhies,  Cornelius,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1853-59  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Louisiana. 

Voorhies,  Frank  Corey,  journalist,  autlior, 
was  born  June  1,  1877,  in  Woodbury,  N.J. 
In  1895  he  graduated  from  the  William 
Penn  chaiter  school  of  Philadelphia.  Pa.; 
and  in  1899  graduated  from  Princeton  uni- 
versity. He  became  a  reporter  on  the 
Omaha  Daily  Xews;  later  became  editor  of 
the  Spatula  of  Boston,  Mass.;  and  then  for 
several  years  was  an  advertising  writer  of 
the  Walter  C.  Lewis  advertising  agency  of 
Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Love 
Letters  of  an  Irishwoman ;  Story  of  Lizzie 
McGuire;  Mrs.  McPiggs  of  the  Very  Old 
Scratch;  Reflections  of  Bridget  iMcNulty; 
The  Knocker;  Twisted  History;  That  Set- 
tles  the   Nolans:    and   Twisted   Biographies. 

Voorhies,  John  Stevens,  publisher,  was 
born  May  9,  1809.  in  New  York  City.  He 
projected  and  published  Sedgwick  on  Dam- 
ages; Voorhies's  Code  of  Civil  Procedure; 
Burrill's  Voluntary  Assignments;  Green- 
leaf's  OvtM-ruIed  Cases;  Burrill's  Circum- 
stantial Evidence;  Abbott's  Digest;  Cleve- 
land's Banking  Laws;  and  many  other 
works.  He  died  Nov.  19,  1865,  in  Brooklyn, 
NA'. 

Voorhis,  Charles  Henry,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  March  3,  1833,  in  Spring  Val- 
ley. N.J.  He  was  appointed  in  1868  pre- 
siding judge  for  Bergen  county,  N.J.  In 
1879-81  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
Jersey  to  the  forty-sixth  congress  as  a  re- 
publican. For  fifty  years  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  bar  of  New  Jersey;  and  contril)- 
uted  valuable  liistorical  data  of  Bergen  and 
Hudson  counties.  N.J.  He  died  Ajuil  15. 
1896.   in  Jersey  Cify.  N.J. 

Voorsanger,  Jacob,  rabbi,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  13,  1852.  in  Amsterdam.  Holland. 
Since  1895  he  has  been  professor  of  semitic 
languages  and  literature  at  the  university 
of  California.  He  is  the  author  of  Life  and 
Works  of  Moses  Mendelssohn;  and  The 
Chnmieles  of  Ijiinuinuel. 

Vories,  Henry  M.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1872-76  he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Missouri  at  Buchman. 

Vorse,  Albert  White,  journalist,  author, 
was  i.oni  Aug.  18,  1866.  in  Littleton,  Mass. 
In  1900-01  lie  was  associate  editor  of  the 
Criterion  of  New  York  City;  and  in  1902 
was  newspaper  cfurespondent  with  the 
Peary  relief  expedition  to  Cireenland.  Ib- 
is the  author  of  Laughter  of  the  Sphinx,  a 
volume  of  sliort   stories. 

Vos,  Bert  John,  educator,  author,  was 
born     Oct.    27.     1867.     in     the    Netherlands. 


Since  1898  he  has  been  associate  professor 
of  German  in  Johns  Hopkins  university  of 
Baltimore,  Md.  He  is  the  author  of  .Mate- 
rials for  German  Conversation;  and  other 
works. 

Vos,  Geerhardus,  clergyman,  educator, 
autlior,  was  born  March  14,  1862,  in  Hol- 
land. He  has  been  professor  of  biblical 
theologj-  at  Princeton  seminary  since  1894. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  ^Mosaic  Origin  of 
the  Pentateuchal  Codes;  Die  Kampfe  und 
Streitigkeiten  zwischen  den  Banu  L'majja 
und  den  Banu  Haschim ;  The  Doctrine  oi 
the  Covenants  in  Reformed  Theology;  and 
Biblical  Theologj'  as  a  Science  and  as  a  Dis- 
cipline. 

Vose,  George  Leonard,  civil  engineer,  ed- 
ucator, autlior,  was  born  April  19.  1831,  in 
Augusta,  Maine.  He  is  a  civil  engineer; 
and  professor  in  the  Massachusetts  Insti- 
tute of  TeehnologA'  in  1881-86.  He  is  the 
author  of  Orographic  (ieologj-;  Manual  for 
Railway  Engineers ;  Bridge  Disasters  in 
America;  A  Graphic  Method  for  Solving 
Algebraic  Problems;  Elementary  Course  of 
Geometric  Drawing;  and  Life  of  G.  W. 
Whistler,  Civil  Engineer. 

Vose,  John,  educator,  author,  was  born 
in  1766  in  New  Hampsliire.  He  was  the 
author  of  System  of  Astronomy;  and  Com- 
pendium of  Astronomj'.  He  died  in  1840  in 
Atkinson,  N.H. 

Vose,  Joseph,  soldier,  was  born  Nov.  26. 
1738,  in  Milton,  iMass.  He  closed  his  revo- 
lutionary services  in  Lafayette's  corps  at 
Vorktown,  when  he  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general.  He  died  May  22,  1816,  in  Milton, 
Mass. 

Vose,  Roger,  lawyer,  jurist,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1776  in  New  Hampshire.  He 
was  for  many  years  chief  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  in  New  Hampshire. 
In  1813-17  he  was  a  re])resentative  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  thirteenth  and  four- 
teenth congresses.  He  died  April  17,  1842, 
in   Walpole.  N.H. 

Vose,  William  Preston,  soldier,  was  born 
July  19,  1839,  in  Orrington.  Maine.  In 
1864  he  graduated  from  the  L'nited  States 
military  academy;  became  ca])tain  in  1883; 
and  was  made  colonel  in  1902.  In  1903  he 
was  retired;  and  in  1904  was  advanced  to 
tlie  rank  of  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
Inited  States  army.  He  died  in  1906  in 
Washington,  D.C. 

Votaw,  Clyae  Weber,  theolojrian.  author, 
was  born  Feb.  (i.  1864.  in  Wheaton,  111. 
Since  1900  he  has  been  assistant  professor 
of  biblical  Greek  in  the  university  of  Chi- 
cago. He  is  the  author  of  Inductive  Studies 
in  the  Founding  of  the  Christian  Cliureh ; 
I'se  of  the  Inlinitive  in  Biblical  (ireek:  and 
i'he  Apostf)lic  Age. 

Votaw,  Elihu  Hilles,  clergyman,  lecturer, 
author,  poet,  was  born  .Tune  21.  1839.  in 
Salein.  Ohio.  He  is  the  autli<u'  of  IMllars 
and  Perils  of  the  l!e|>ublie  and  other  works. 

Vought,  Harry  Dyer,  journalist,  founder, 
was    born    Aug.    14.    1S49,    in    Buffalo,   N.Y. 


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HERRINGSHAV/'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


For  three  years  he  was  president  of  the 
Buffalo  Press  club,  of  which  he  was  one  of 
the  founders,  and  has  been  secretary,  gov- 
ernor and  president  of  the  International 
league  press  clubs.  For  over  twenty-one 
years  he  was  connected  with  the  Buffalo 
Courier.  Since  1897  he  has  been  railroad 
editor  of  the  New  York  Commercial. 

Vredenburgh,  Peter,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  31,  18U5,  in  Readington,  N.J.  In 
1837-52  he  was  jjrosecuting  attorney  of  Alon- 
rnouth  county,  N.J. ;  and  in  1855-69  was  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
Jersey.  He  died  March  24,  1873,  in  St.  Au- 
gustine, Fla. 

Vreeland,  Edward  B.,  lawyer,  banker, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1857  in  Cuba, 
N.Y.  In  1877-82  he  was  superiureudent  of 
schools  at  Salamanca,  N.Y.  Since  1891  he 
has  been  president  of  the  Salamanca  national 
bank.  In  1899-1911  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifLy- 
seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and 
sixty-first    congresses    as    a    republican. 

Vreeland,  Herbert  Harold,  railroad  presi- 
dent, caijitalist,  was  born  Oct.  28,  1856,  in 
Glen,  N.Y.  Since  1893  he  has  been  presi- 
dent and  general  manager  of  the  Metropoli- 
tan street  railway  company  of  New  York 
City;  and  is  president  of  ten  other  street 
railway    coiniianics    of    New    York    Citv. 

Vreeland,  Michael  James,  soldier,  was 
born  in  ^Michigan.  In  ISGl  he  was  sergeant 
in  the  fourth  regiment  Micliigau  infantry: 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  colonel  and  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  lie  died  Jan. 
12,   1875. 

Vroom,  Garret  Dorset  Wall,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, author,  wa^.  Ixnn  Dec.  17,  1743,  in 
Trenton,  N.J. ;  and  is  the  son  of  tlie  late 
(iovernor  Vroom  of  New  Jersey.  Since  1865 
he  lias  practiced  law  in  his  native  city  ;  was 
city  solicitor  in  18G6-70  and  1874-76.  In 
1870  he  was  prosecutor  of  the  pleas  of 
Mercer  county  ;  and  in  1873  was  appointed 
reporter  of  the  suiirome  court.  In  1881-83 
lie  was  maj'or  of  Trenton  :  and  l)ecame  pres- 
ident of  the  board  of  public  works.  He  is 
judge  of  the  court  of  errors  and  appeals  of 
New  Jersey.  He  was  co-editor  of  the  Re- 
vision of  the  Statutes  of  New  Jersey ;  and 
also  of  the  General  Statutes  of  New  Jer- 
sey. 

Vroom,  Peter  Dumont,  diplomat,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  Dec.  12,  1791,  in 
Hillsborough  township,  N.J.  He  was  the 
ninth  governor  of  New  Jersey  in  1829-36; 
and  in  1839-41  h?  was  a  representative  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  twenty-sixth  congress. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  state  constitution- 
al convention  of  1844  and  in  1852  was  a 
presidential  elector.  In  1853  he  was  ap- 
pointed minister  to  Prussia  ;  and  was  a  del- 
egate to  tlie  peace  congress  of  1861.  He 
(iicd   Nov.  18,  1873,  in  Trenton.  N.J. 

Vroom,  Peter  Dumont,  soldier,  was  born 
April  18,  1842.  in  Trenton,  N.J.  He  served 
in  the  civil  war;  was  promoted  major  of  the 
second    New    Jersey    cnvalry    in    1863;    and 


brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  of 
volunteers  for  mei'itoiious  services  during 
the  war.  He  became  first  lieutenant  in  the 
third  United  States,  cavalry  in  1866.  In 
1903  he  was  retii'ed  with  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general   inspector   general. 

Vrooman,  Carl  Schurz,  farmer,  statesman, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1872,  in  Macon, 
Mo.  He  has  been  regent  of  the  Kansas 
sate  agricultural  college.  He  is  fanning  sci- 
entifically between  four  and  five  thousand 
aci'cs  of  land  ;  and  has  spent  sex'eral  yeai's 
abroad  making  a  first  hand  investigation  of 
political  and  social  conditions.  In  1913  he 
received  thirty-four  democratic  votes  in  the 
Illinois  legislature  for  United  States  senator. 
He  is  th.e  author  of  American  li;iilway  Prob- 
lems. 

Vrooman,  Harry  Chase,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, was  born  April  13.  1864,  in  Port 
Huron,  Mich.  He  has  attained  eminence 
as  a  clergyman  of  the  congregnlional  church; 
lias  lectured  from  Maine  to  California,  and 
from  the  lakes  to  the  gulf  on  sociological  top- 
ics. He  is  one  of  six  brothers,  all  noted  as 
sociological  or  progressive  theolcgica!  cler- 
gymen and  lecturers;  and  sons  of  Judge 
H.  P.  Vrooman  of  Kansas  Ciry. 

Wachter,  Frank  C,  merchant,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  16.  1861.  in  Kaltimore, 
Md.  He  engaged  in  the  business  of  examin- 
ing adjusting,  sponging  and  retlnishing  wool- 
ens and  cloths  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In  1899- 
1907  lie  was  a  representative  from  Mary- 
land to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty- 
eighth  and  fifty-ninth  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican.     He   died  July   1.   1910. 

Wack,  Henry  Wellington,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  1  >ec.  21,  1867,  in  ]5;iltimore,  Md. 
In  1889-95  he  was  editor  of  the  St.  Paul 
Globe.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Fishing 
Game  in  Florida  :  In  the  Snow  of  the  Alps ; 
The  Story  of  the  Congo  Free  State ;  The 
Romance  of  Victor  Hugo  and  Juliette  Dro- 
\wt  ;    and    In    Thainoslaiul. 

Wacker,  Charles  Henry,  brewer,  capital- 
ist, was  born  Aug.  20.  1856.  in  Chicago, 
111.  In  1884-1901  he  was  president  of  the 
brewing  and  malting  comi-any  of  Wacker 
and  Birk.  In  1891  he  founded  the  city  of 
Cliicago  Heights ;  and  is  president  of  the 
Chicago  Heights  terminal  transfer  railroad 
comiiany ;  and  is  president  of  the  Chicago 
street   railway  comiiany. 

Wackerhagen,  Augustus,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  22,  1774,  in  Germany. 
He  was  a  lutheran  clergyman  of  Columbia 
county.  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Inbe- 
griff  des  Gk-aibens  und  Sittenlehre.  He  died 
Nov.    1.    1865,    in    Clermont,    N.Y. 

Waddel,  Charles  Carey,  journalist,  author, 
was  iioni  .Man  h  3,  1868,  in  Cliiliicothe,  Ohio. 
In  1893-97  he  was  mayor  of  Cliiliicothe, 
Oliio  ;  and  for  several  years  was  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  Chillicothe  Daily  News, 
lie  is  the  autlior  of  The  Van  Suydam  Sap- 
phires. 

Waddel,  Mary  Louise  Forsslond,  littera- 
teur,   author,    was   boi'ii    Mai'-h    13,    1873,   in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


1561 


Sayville,  X.Y.  Mie  i.s  the  wlte  oi"  CUarles 
Carey  Waildel.  aullior.  She  is  Che  author 
of  'Ilie  >  toi-y  ot  Sarah;  aiu;  'i'lie  Sliiy  ot 
Dreauis. 

Waddell,  Alfred  Moore,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jourualisi,  cu'i.uressiuan,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  16,  1834.  in  llillsljoro,  X.C.  He  served 
in  tlie  fouteuerate  army  as  lieuteaaiit-eulouel 
of  cavalry.  In  1871-79  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  tile  forty-second,  forty-third,  lor- 
ly-fouitli,  and  forty-tifth  congresses  as  a 
Ueiuocrat.  He  was  mayor  of  >Vilmington.  N. 
C.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Colonial  Uliicer 
and   His   Times ;    and   other   works. 

Waddell,  Hugh,  soldier,  was  born  in  1734 
ill  Irel.iiiu.  He  was  lieutenant  in  Colonel 
jauies  iniies"s  regiiiu'ul  in  tlie  \irginia  caiu- 
paign  oi  1754;  becanu-  caiitain  in  '1755; 
ii,iiu  iuri  i<,)ii./.s;  aaii  coiiiiarauled  there  in 
1756-57.  He  became  colonel  in  1759  In 
nil  lie  eoiiinianded  the  expedition  against 
Ihe  regulators  with  the  rank  of  major-gen- 
eral. He  died  April  9,  1773.  in  Casth- 
Haynes,   X.C. 

Waddell,  Hugh,  lawyer,  state  senator,  was 
born  m  1*99  in  .Newtields,  N.C.  He  rep- 
resciiteil  urange  coiinly  in  the  legislature  in 
lH'Zi^ ;  was  speaker  ot  the  North  Carolina 
siaie  seiiate  m  1836-37  ;  and  was  again  a 
niemljer  ot  that  1  ody  in  1844-46.  lie  died 
Nov.  1.  ISiS.  in  NN'ilmiiigton.  N.C. 

Waaaeil,  James,  clergyman,  was  born 
July  Zi).  \tuj.  111  Ireland.  He  was  blimi ; 
aiui  tlie  original  subject  of  William  Wirt's 
Ueautiful  s..etcli  of  'ihe  Blind  Preacher.  Ho 
died  Sept.  17.  1865.  in  Louisa  cduiity,   \'a. 

Waddell,  John  Alexander  Low,  consult- 
ing engineer,  author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1854, 
in  Canada.  He  was  educated  at  Trinity 
college  school ,  in  1875  graduated  from  Rens- 
selaer polytechnic  inslitule  witli  the  degree 
of  C.E. ;  and  in  1882  received  the  degrees  of 
B.S.  ami  yi.K.  from  the  McGill  universi- 
ty of  Montreal.  In  3  878-80  he  was  assist- 
ant professor  of  rational  and  technical  me- 
chanics at  the  lieiisselaer  polytechnic  insti- 
tute; and  in  1882-86  was  professor  of  civil 
engineering  at  the  imperial  university  of 
Japan.  Ho  lias  also  done  engineering  work 
lor  several  railroads.  Since  1887  he  has 
been  consulting  bridge  engineei  ;  and  is 
now  senior  member  of  the  tirm  of  Waddell 
and  Harrington  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.  He 
is  the  audior  of  'i'lie  Designing  of  Ordinary 
Iron  Highway  Kriilges;  A  System  of  Iron 
Kailroad  Bridges  for  .Fapan  ;  l)e  Pontibus ; 
Sperilicatioiis  for  Steel  Bridges;  and  Kngi- 
neering    Siiecilications    and    Contracts. 

Waddell,  John  Newton,  cdiuator.  dian- 
ccllor.  was  iiurii  .\prii  2.  1812,  in  Willington,  • 
S.C.  In  1865-74  he  was  chancellor  of  the 
university  of  Mlssi^sippi;  and  in  1879-88 
he  occupied  the  same  jiost  in  the  South- 
western presbyteriiui  university  of  ("larks- 
ville.  Ttnn.  In  1874-95  he  was  secretary  of 
the  board  of  ministerial  education  of  the 
southern  i^resbvteriaii  {•iiurch.  He  died  Jan. 
9.    1895.    in    Birminghani.    Ala. 

Waddell,   Moses,   cleryyinan,  college   pres- 


ident, was  born  July  29,  1770,  in  Rowan 
county,  N.C.  In  1819-29  he  was  president  of 
the  university  of  (Jeorgia.  He  was  the  au- 
thor (pf  Memoirs  of  Miss  Catherine  Eliza- 
beth Smelt.  He  died  July  21,  1840,  in  Ath- 
ens. Ga. 

Waddill,  Edmund,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  May  22,  1855.  in  Charles  City 
county.  Va.  In  1880-83  he  was  county 
judge  of  Henrico  county,  Va.  ;  and  in  1883- 
85  was  United  States  attorney  for  the  east- 
ern distriet  of  Virginia.  In  1885-89  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Virginia  state  legislature. 
In  1889-91  he  was  a  representative  from 
\'irginia  to  the  rtfty-lirst  congress  as  a  repub- 
lican. Since  1898  he  has  been  United  States 
judge  of  the  eastern  district  of  Virginia. 

WaddiU,  James  Richard,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  22,  1842,  in 
Springheld,  Mo.  He  served  in  the  union 
army  in  1S61-63.  He  was  elected  prosecut- 
ing attorney  in  1874.  In  1879-81  he  was  a 
representati\e  from  Missouri  to  the  forty- 
sixth  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  prac- 
tices law  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Wade,  Benjamin  Franklin,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist. United  Stiites  senator,  w-as  born  Oct. 
27,  1800,  in  Feeding  Hills  Parish,  Mass. 
He  was  a  justice  of  the  peace,  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Ashtabula  county,  state  senator, 
and  president  of  a  judicial  circuit.  In  1851- 
09  he  was  United  States  senator.  In  1869 
he  was  appointed  a  commissioner  for  the 
Pacific  railroad  company.  He  died  March  2, 
1878.   in   Jefferson.   Ohio. 

Wade,  Blanche  Elizabeth,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  She  is  the 
author  of  A  Garden  in  Pink ;  and  The 
Stained    (ilass    Lady. 

Wade,  Decius  C,  law.yer,  jurist,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  Jan.  23,  1835,  in  Andover, 
Ohio.  In  1860-67  he  was  county  judge  of 
Asjitabiila  county,  Ohio.  In  1869  he  was 
elected  a  state  senator ;  and  in  1871  was 
chief    justice    of    the    territory    of    Montana. 

Wade,  Edward,  lawj'^er,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  Nov.  22,  1803,  in  AVest 
Siiringfield,  Mass.  In  1832  he  was  elected 
justice  of  the  peace  in  Jefferson,  Ohio;  and 
liiially  settled  in  Cleveland,  Ohio.  In  1853- 
61  he  w-as  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
thirty-third,  thirty-fourth,  thirty-fifth  and 
tiiirty-sixth  congresses.  He  died  in  August, 
lS6i;.   ill  (Mevelanil.  Ohio. 

Wade,  James  franklin,  soldier,  was  born 
.\|iiii  14.  1843,  in  Jefferson.  Ohio;  and  is 
a  suii  of  Hon.  B.  Wade.  He  was  brevet- 
led  a  iHiiiil)ei-  of  times  during  the  civil  war 
for  g;i!lant  services;  and  in  1866  was  ap- 
pointed captain  in  the  sixth  cavalry.  About 
1890  he  was  commissioned  brig.adier-general. 
During  the  Si»anis]i-Americnn  war  in  1898 
had  comniand  of  th(>  1 'idled  St;ites  forces  at 
Tampa  :  and  attained  tiie  rank  of  major- 
gcj'eral.  In  1898-99  he  was  military  govern- 
or of  Cuba;  and  in  1904-07  commanded  tlie 
.\tlaiil  ic  di\isi(>n. 

Wade,  Jeptha  H.,  banker,  inventor,  was 
born   .\ug.   11.   1811.   in   Seneca   county,   N.Y. 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He  was  a  telegraph  operator  and  manager 
and  invented  the  Wade  insulator.  He  was 
president  of  the  Pacific  telegraph  company  ; 
and  was  president  of  the  Citizens'  loan  and 
savings  association  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He 
died  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Wade,  Martin  J.,  lawyer,  educator,  lec- 
turer, jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  20. 
1861,  in  Burlington,  Vt.  He  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  law  in  the  state  university  of  Iowa 
since  1891.  In  1893-1902  he  was  judge  of 
the  eighth  judicial  district  of  Iowa.  He 
also  lectures  upon  evidence  in  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  state  university  ;  and  upon 
medical  jurisprudence  in  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  same  institution.  In  1897 
he  was  elected  president  of  the  Iowa  state 
bar  association.  In  1903-05  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Iowa  to  the  fifty-eighth  con- 
gress as  a  democrat. 

Wade,  Mrs.  Mary  Hazleton,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  23,  1860,  in  Charles- 
town,  Mass.  She  became  a  teacher  in  1877  ; 
and  in  1801-93  was  a  member  of  the  school 
board  of  Maiden,  Mass.  She  is  the  author 
of  Ten  Little  Indians;  Ten  Big  Indians;  'J\'n 
Indian  Hunters ;  Building  the  Nation  ;  and 
many   other  works. 

Wade,  Melancthon  Smith,  soldier,  mer- 
chant, was  born  I>ec.  2.  1802.  in  Cinciiniali, 
Ohio.  He  was  active  in  militia  matters, 
holding  snccessively  the  offices  of  captain, 
colonel,  and  brigadier-general  and  in  1861 
was  commissioned  a  brigadier-general  of 
United  States  volunteers.  He  died  Aug.  11, 
1868,  in  Avondale.  Ohio. 

Wade,  William  H.,  soldier,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Nov.  3.  1835.  in 
Clarke  county.  Oliio.  He  enlisted  in  the 
union  army  in  1861 ;  and  rose  through  the 
intermediate  grades  to  lieutenant-colonel. 
In  1880-84  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
Missouri  state  legislature.  In  1885-91  he 
was  a  representative  from  ^lissouri  to  the 
forty-ninth,  fiftieth  and  fifty-first  congresses 
as  a  republican. 

Wade,  William  P.,  lawyer,  author.  He  is 
the  author  of  a  Treatise  on  the  Law  of 
Notice ;  On  the  Operation  and  Construc- 
tion of  Retroactive  Laws ;  Manual  of  Amer- 
ican Mining  Laws  in  the  United  States ; 
The  Laws  of  Notice  as  Affecting  Civil 
Rights  and  Itemedies ;  and  The  Law 
of    Attachment    and    Carnishment. 

Wadham,  Edgar  Philip,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  ^lay  21,  1817,  in  Lewis.  N.Y. 
In  1850-65  he  was  assistant  at  the  cathedral 
of  Albany;  and  was  then  appointed  pastor. 
In  1872  he  was  consecrated  Roman  catholic 
bishop  of  Ogdensburg.  He  died  Dec.  5, 
1891.  in  Ogdensburg,  N.Y. 

Wadleigh,  Bainbridge,  lawyer.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Jan.  4,  1831,  in 
Bradford,  N.H.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
New  Hampshire  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1865-73;  and  in  1873-79  he  was 
United  States  senator.  He  died  Jan.  24, 
1891,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Wadleigh,    Frank,    railroad    oflRcial,    was 


born  Nov.  14,  1857,  in  Clinton,  Iowa.  He 
graduated  from  the  Iowa  state  university, 
and  for  two  years  attended  the  university 
of  Michigan.  He  entered  railway  service  in 
1881,  and  has  filled  positions  of  ticket 
agent  to  general  agent  on  various  railroads. 
Since  1913  ne  has  been  passenger  traffic 
manager  of  the  Denver  and  Rio  Grande 
railroad  and  the  Western  Pacific  railway. 
Wadleigh,  George  Henry,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Sept.  28,  1842,  in  Dover,  N.H.  He 
was  present  at  the  attack  on  Fort  Powell 
in  Farragut's  famous  battle  of  Mobile  and 
subsequent  operations  resulting  in  the  sur- 
render of  Fort  Morgan  and  capture  of  the 
confederate  vessels.  He  attained  the  rank 
of  captain  in  1894;  and  he  commanded  the 
Philadelphia  when  the  American  flag  was 
raised  over  the  Hawaiian  islands  in  1898. 
In  1902  he  was  retired. 

Wadley,  William  Morris,  railroad  man- 
ager, founder,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1813,  in 
Brentwood,  N.H.  He  was  the  pioneer  in 
successfully  consolidating  railroads  in  the 
south;  and  also  created  the  Ocean  steam- 
sliip  company,  with  its  immense  wharves. 
He  organized  the  powerful  South  railway 
and  steamship  association.  He  died  Aug. 
10.  1882. 

Wadlin,  Horace  Greeley,  architect,  libra- 
rian statistician,  author,  was  born  Oct.  2, 
1851,  in  Wakefield,  Mass.  He  was  educated 
in  the  common  and  high  schools  of  Read- 
ing, Mass.;  and  studied  architecture  in  Sa- 
lem and  Boston,  Mass.  In  1875  he  began 
the  practice  of  architecture  in  Boston, 
Mass.;  and  in  1888  became  chief  of  the 
Massachusetts  bureau  of  statistics  of  labor. 
Since  1903  he  has  been  librarian'  of  the 
Boston  public  library.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
Reports  on  the  Statistics  of  Labor  of  Mas- 
sachusetts in  1888-1901,  consisting  of  four- 
teen volumes;  Annual  Statistics  of  Manu- 
factures of  Massachusetts  in  1886-1901,  con- 
sisting of  sixteen  volumes;  and  The  De- 
cennial Census  of  Massachusetts,  in  seven 
Volumes. 

Wadsworth,  Adrian  Rowe,  civil  engineer, 
legislator,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1855,  in  Farm- 
iiigton.  Conn.    He  is  a  descendant  of  Will- 
iam Wadsworth,  who 
landed    in    Boston    in 
1832;    and  the  Wads- 
worths       have      been 
among        the        most 
prominent  public  spir- 
,  ited  of  the  families  of 

^  Farmington.     In    1880 

'^'^  he  graduated  from  the 

scientific  department 
of  Yale  college;  and 
two  years  later  was 
elected  city  survey- 
or of  Shamokin.  Pa. 
He  next  entered  upon  the  duties  of  con- 
struction and  bridge  building.  In  1885  he 
moved  to  ]V[inneapolis.  where  he  practiced 
his  ])rofession  in  cTigineering  work  for  street 
and  motor  line  tramways.   He  subsequently 


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563 


returned  to  his  native  city,  and  since  1886 
has  been  interested  in  developing  a  public 
water  supply.  He  is  president  of  the  Con- 
necticut dairyman's  association,  and  pres- 
ident of  the  Farmer's  association  of  the 
general  as.sembly.  He  takes  an  active  part 
in  political  all'airs;  was  justice  of  the  peace 
for  four  years,  and  received  the  election  in 
18!)7  to  the  general  assembly  of  the  Con- 
necticut   state   legislature. 

Wadsworth,  Benjamin,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  in  KiO'J  in  Milton,  Mass. 
in  1725-37  he  was  president  of  Harvard 
college.  He  died  ]\Iarch  16,  1737,  in  Cam- 
bridge, 31ass. 

Wadsworth,  Guy  Woodbridge,  educator, 
clergvman,  college  president,  was  born  Sept. 
18,  1861,  in  Chicago,  111.  In  1889-91  he  was 
pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  church  of  East 
(jlrand  Forks,  Minn.;  in  1897-1905  he  was 
president  of  the  Occidental  college  of  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.;  and  since  1905  has  been  pres- 
ident of  the  Belle\-ue  college  of  Nebraska. 

Wadsworth,  James,  soldier,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  July  6,  1730,  in  Dur- 
ham, Conn.  In  1776  he  was  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  Connecticut  militia;  and  subse-_ 
quently  presiding  justice  of  the  New  Haven 
court  of  common  pleas.  In  1783-86  he  was 
a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the  conti- 
nental congress.  He  died  Sept.  22,  1817,  in 
Durham.  Conn. 

Wadsworth,  James,  philanthropist,  was 
born  in  1768.  He  was  the  owner  of  a  large 
tract  of  land  on  the  Genesee  river  in  New 
York.  He  devoted  much  of  his  time  and 
wealth  to  the  common  schools.  In  1835 
he  established  the  district  library  system. 
In  1842  he  paid  for  the  publication  and  dis- 
tribution of  fifteen  thousand  copies  of  The 
School  and  Schoolmaster.  He  expended 
more  than  ninety  thousand  dollars  for  im- 
proving tlie  schools.    He  died  in  1844. 

Wadsworth,  James  Samuel,  soldier,  law- 
yer, philanthropist,  was  born  Oct.  30,  1807, 
in    Gencseo,    N.Y.     He    never    practiced    his 

profession;  but  devot- 
ed liimself  to  the 
management  of  the 
family  estate  in  west- 
ern New  York,  which 
amounted  to  fifteen 
thousand  acres.  In 
1852  he  was  elected 
pr<'si<lcnt  of  the  State 
agricultural  society. 
He  founded  a  public 
library  in  Geneseo; 
was  a  subscriber  to 
the  endowment  of 
Geneseo  college:  and  aided  in  establishing 
the  school-district  library  system.  He  died 
^lay   S.    lS(i4.   near   Chanccllorsville,  Va. 

Wadsworth,  James  Wolcott,  soldier,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  12,  1846.  in  IMiil- 
adel|»liia.  Pa.  In  1H64  he  entered  the  union 
army  and  served  as  aide-de-camp  on  the 
stair  of  Major-GeiK-ral  G.  K.  Warren;  an<l 
rtx   1865  was  brevetted  major  in  the  United 


States  army.  In  1875-77  he  was  super- 
visor of  the  town  of  Geneseo,  N.Y. ;  in 
1878-79  was  a  member  of  tlie  New  York 
state  assembly;  and  in  1880-81  was  comp- 
troller of  the  state  of  New  York.  In  1881- 
85  and  1891-1907  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  forty-seventh,  forty- 
eighth,  fifty-second,  fifty-third,  fifty-fourtli, 
fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty- 
eighth  and  fitty-ninth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Wadsworth,  James  Wolcott,  agricultur- 
ist, legislator,  was  born  Aug.  12,  1877,  in 
C.eneseo,  N.Y.  In  1898  he  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  B.A.  from  Yale  university. 
Since  1899  he  has  been  engaged  in  farm- 
ing at  Mount  Morris,  N.Y.;  and  is  a  di- 
rector of  the  Geneseo  Valley  national  bank. 
In  1899  he  made  a  trip  around  the  world. 
In  1898  he  served  in  the  Spanish- American 
Avar  as  a  private  in  battery  A  Pennsylvania 
field  artillery  in  Porto  Rico.  Since  1904  he 
has  been  a  representative  in  the  New  York 
state  legislature;  and  in  1906-07  was 
speaker  of  the  assembly. 

Wadsworth,  Jeremiah,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1743  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In  1787-88 
he  was  a  delegate  from  Connecticut  to  the 
continental  congress;  and  in  1789-95  he  was 
a  representative  from  Connecticut  to  the 
first,  second  and  third  congresses.  He  died 
Ai)ril    30.    1S04.    in    Hartford.    Conn. 

Wadsworth,  Marshman  Edward,  geologist, 
author,  was  born  ilay  6,  1847,  in  Livermore 
Falls,  Maine.  He  was  state  geologist  of 
Michigan;  and  in  1887-99  was  president 
Michigan  college  of  mines.  He  is  the  aiithor 
of  Geology  of  the  Iron  and  Copper  Districts 
of  Lake  Superior;  The  Azoic  System; 
Lithological    Studies:    and    other   works. 

Wadsworth,  Peleg,  soldier,  merchant,  sur- 
veyor, state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
born  Maj'  6,  1748,  in  Duxbury,  ^Mass.  He 
joined  the  army  as  captain  of  a  company 
of  minute  men:  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general  after  the  war.  In  1792  he 
was  elected  a  state  senator.  In  1793-1807 
he  was  a  representative  in  the  third,  fourth, 
fifth,  sixth,  seventh,  eighth  and  ninth  con- 
gresses. He  died  Nov.  IS.  1829.  in  Hiram. 
Maine. 

Wadsworth,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1732  in  Duriiani,  Conn.  At  the  beginning  of 
the  war  of  1812  he  was  brigadier-general 
of  New  York  militia:  and  he  served  in  tlie 
I'nited  States  army  in  1812-32.  He  died  in 
February.    1833,    in    Geneseo,   N.Y. 

Wadsworth,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  July  4, 
1821,  in  Maysville,  Ky.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  state  senate  of  Kentucky  in  1853-55; 
and  was  a  presidential  elector  in  1860,  pre- 
siding over  the  electoral  college.  In  1861- 
65  and  1885-87  he  was  a  representative  from 
Kcntuckj'  to  the  thirty-seventh,  thirty- 
eighth  and  forty-ninth  congresses.  AftiT 
leaving  congress  he  was  appointed  a  member 
of   llic   Alcxicait   claims   commission. 

Wagener,    David    D.,     mciihant,     banker. 


564 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


congressman,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  for  many  years  president  of  the  Easton 
bank.  In  1833-41  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  twenty-third, 
twenty-fourth,  twenty-fifth  and  twenty- 
sixth  congresses.  He  died  Oct.  1,  1860,  in 
Esj.ston,  Pa. 

Wagener,  George  A.,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Dec.  25,  1845,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 
For  several  years  he  was  president  of  the 
Carolina  midland  railway  at  Charleston,  S. 
C.  He  is  now  a  member  of  a  large  whole- 
sale house  at  Charleston,  S.C. 

Wagener,  Johann  Andreas,  journalist, 
founder,  was  born  July  23,  1810,  in  Ger- 
many. In  1832  he  was  a  merchant  in  New 
York  City.  In  1835  he  began  his  journal- 
istic career  in  Charleston,  S.C.  He  was 
editor  of  the  Teuton,  the  first  Cerman 
journal  published  in  the  Southern  states. 
He  was  the  founder  of  the  German  church 
of  Charleston,  S.C.  He  died  Aug.  28,  1876, 
in    Charleston,   S.C. 

Waggamann,  George  Augustus,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  in  1782  in  Som- 
erset county,  Md.  He  was  secretary  of  the 
state  of  Louisiana  under  three  adminis- 
trations; and  lield  various  other  public 
jiositions.  In  1831-35  he  was  United  States 
senator.  He  died  March  22,  1843,  in  New 
Orleans,    l^a. 

Waggener,  Bailie  Peyton,  lawyer,  banker, 
legislator,  was  born  July  18,  1847,  in  Platte 
county.  Mo.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
sciiools  of  his  native  state;  and  soon  at- 
tained success  in  the  practice  of  law.  For 
tiiirty  years  he  has  been  general  attorney 
of  the  Missouri  Pacific  railway  company, 
lor  four  years  he  was  luayor  of  Atchison, 
Kansas;  and  has  served  with  distinction  as 
a  member  of  the  Kansas  state  legislature. 
He  is  president  of  the  Exchange  national 
bank  of  Atciiison,  Kansas;  and  has  filled 
various  other  positions  of  trust  and  honor. 

Wagnalls,  Adam  Willis,  publisher,  clergy- 
man, was  boi'u  Sept.  24,  1843.  in  Lithopolis, 
Ohio.  In  1867  he  organized  and  was  pastor 
of  the  first  English  lutheran  church  of 
Kansas  City,  Mo.  Since  1876  he  has  been 
in  the  publishing  business;  and  since  18!)1 
has  been  vice-president  of  the  Funk  and 
Wagnalls   company.   New   York  City. 

Wagnalls,  Mabel,  musician,  pianist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  April  20,  1871,  in  Kansas 
City,  Mo.  In  1801  she  first  appeared  as  a 
pianist  witli  the  Theodore  Thomas  orches- 
tia  in  New  York  CitJ^  She  is  the  author 
of  a  Musical  Story;  Stars  of  the  Opera; 
and  Miserere. 

Wagner,  Arthur  Lockwood,  soldier,  au- 
thor, was  born  Marcii  16,  1853.  in  Ottawa, 
111.  He  was  an  ollieer  in  the  Ihiited  States 
army.  He  was  the  author  of  Catechism  of 
Outpost  Duty;  Organization  and  Tactics; 
The  Service  of  Security  and  Information; 
and  The  Campaign  of  Koniggratz.  He  died 
in   1005  in  St.  Paul.  Minn. 

Wagner,  David,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1865 
he    was   elected   judge  of   the  suprenu'  court 


of    Missouri    to    fill    a    vacancy;    and    also 
served  in    1868-76. 

Wagner,  Frank  Caspar,  educator,  mechan- 
ical engineer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  5,  1864, 
in  Ann  Arbor,  JNIich.  In  1886-89  he  was 
engaged  in  engineering  work  Avith  the 
Thomson-Houston  electric  company.  In 
1800-96  he  was  assistant  professor  of  me- 
chanical engineering  at  the  university  of 
^Michigan;  in  1896-1904  was  associate  pro- 
fessor of  steam  and  electrical  engineering 
at  the  Rose  polj'technic  institute;  and  since 
1004  has  been  professor  of  steam  and  elec- 
trical engineering  at  that  institution.  He 
is  the  author  of  Notes  on  Applied  Elec- 
tricity. 

Wagner,  Franklin  A.,  soldier,  la-wyer,  was 
born  June  27,  1877,  in  Decatur,  ^lich.  He 
was  educated  in  the  university  of  Michi- 
ean.  taking  the  literary  and  law  courses 
and  graduating  in  1904^  as  LL.B.  In  1900 
he  traveled  extensively  in  Europe  as  a  pri- 
vate secretary.  During  the  Spanish-Amer- 
ican war  he  served  as  a  private  soldier  in 
the  thirty-first  regiment  Michigan  volun- 
teers. He  was  corporal  and  company  clerk 
of  company  A;  and  was  stall'  correspondent 
of  the  Detroit  Journal  with  the  regiment. 
He  is  a  member  of  a  law  firm  of  New^  York 
City,  with  practice  limited  to  corporation 
law.  Ho  is  secretary,  treasurer  and  direct- 
or of  the  I'nited  States  corporation  com- 
pany and  the  Lawyers'  incorporation  com- 
pany; a  director  and  vice-president  of  the 
Corporation  legal  manual  company;  a  com- 
])iler  of  the  Micliigan  university  song  book; 
and  a  writer  on  corporation  law  subjects. 
Wagner,  George  Day,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ohio.  In  1861  he  was  colonel  in  the  fif- 
teenth regiment  Indiana  infantry;  and  in 
18(i2  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.   He   died  Feb.   13,   1869. 

Wagner,  Louis,  soldier,  banker,  was  born 
Aug.  4,  1838,  in  Giessen,  Germany,  the  son 
of  a  political  exile.    Since  1849  he  has  been 

a    resident    of    Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  graduat- 
ing    from     the     Zane 
street        grammar 
school    of    that    city; 
a  n  d       there       learn- 
ed      the       lithograph 
business.     In    1861-65 
he  served  in  the  civil 
,,,     war;     was    first    lieu- 
-     tenant  in  company  D, 
(Mglity-eiglitli      regi- 
ment       Pennsylvania 
volunteers;    was    pro- 
moted   cajjtain    in    1862;    became   colonel    in 
1863;    and    was    brevetted    brigadier-general 
in  18()5.    In  1862  he  was  badly  wounded  at 
secoiul  Pull  Run :  his  wound  broke  out  anew 
at   Cliancellorsville.  and   he   was   sent   home 
and  ])lace(l  in  chai-ge  of  Camp  ^^'illiam  Penn 
I'or  the  organization  of  colored  troops;    and 
he  sent  to  the  front  over  fourteen  thousand 
men.     Since    1866    he    has    been    engaged    in 
business  in  Philadeliihia.  Pa.;  and  since  1891 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


5^£ 


lias  been  president  of  the  third  national 
bank  of  that  city.  He  has  been  president 
of  city  eonneils,  recorder  of  deeds,  guar- 
dian  of  the  poor;  first  director  of  public 
works,  and  president  of  the  board  of  pub- 
lic trusts  since  ISni. 

Wagner,  John,  educator,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  July  7,  1791,  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  In  182!)  lie  was  elected  professor  of 
pathological  and  surgical  anatomy  in  South 
Carolina  medical  college,  which  is  said  to 
have  been  the  hrst  college  to  establish  this 
department.  In  1S32  he  succeeded  Dr. 
James  Ramsey  in  the  chair  of  surgery.  He 
died   -Alay  22,'  1841,   in  Charleston,   8.C. 

Wagner,  Mrs.  Madge  Morris,  journalist, 
author,  poet,  was  born  April  25,  1862,  on 
the  plains,  where  her  parents  were  on  the 
way  to  California.  In  1885-95  she  was  editor 
of  The  Colden  Gate.  She  is  the  author  of 
Merie:  Diana:  A  Titled  Plebeian;  Debris, 
a  Book  of  Poems;  and  Mystery  of  Carmel 
and  Other  Poems. 

Wagner,  Peter  J.,  congressman,  Avas  born 
in  Xew  York.  In  1839-41  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
sixth   congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Wagner,  Webster,  manufacturer,  state 
senator,  inventor,  was  born  Oct.  2,  1817,  in 
Palatine  Bridge,  N.Y.  In  1867  he  manufac- 
tured  the  first  drawing-room  car;  and 
founded  the  'NA'agner  palace-car  company, 
of  which  he  was  president  until  his  death. 
He  also  invented  the  oval  car-roof;  and 
patented  the  elevated  panel.  He  was  elect- 
ed as  a  republican  to  tlie  New  York  state 
assembly  in  1870:  and  in  1871-82  was  state 
senator.  He  died  Jan.  13,  1882,  near  Spuy- 
ten  Duyvil,  N.Y. 

Wagner,  William,  philanthropist,  was 
born  Jan.  15.  1796,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In 
1816  he  was  sent  as  an  assistant  super- 
cargo on  a  trading  voyage  that  lasted  near- 
ly two  years.  >nibsequently  he  engaged  in 
various  business  enterprises,  but  finally  re- 
tired in  1840.  After  a  residence  abroad  of 
two  years  in  1841-42  he  returned  to  Phila- 
delphia and  devoted  himself  to  arranging 
his  collections.  In  1847  he  began  to  deliver 
scientific  lectures  to  those  that  were  inter- 
ested, and  in  18.52  his  audiences  had  grown 
so  large  that  he  was  compelled  to  secure 
the  use  of  a  hall.  Tlie  Wagner  free  insti- 
tute of  science  was  inaugurated  in  1855, 
with  a  corps  of  lecturers.  Ten  years  later 
an  edifice  was  dedicated,  and  Mr.  Wagner 
transferred  the  building  and  its  collections, 
cabinets,  apparatus,  and  library  to  trus- 
tees on  contlition  that  the  jjroperty  shall 
forever  be  used  for  instruction  in  natural 
science.  He  died  .Fan.  17,  1885,  in  I'hiladel- 
phia,  Pa. 

Wagoner,  George  R.  C,  congressman.  In 
l!H);!  lie  siitccssfully  contested  the  seat  of 
•  Fames  .1.  Butler  in  the.  (ifty-seventh  con- 
gress, having  been   elected  from   Missouri. 

Wahl,  William  Henry,  journalist,  scient- 
ist, author,  was  born  Dec.  14.  1848.  in  Phil- 
adelphia,   I'a.    He    was   scientific   journalist, 


nietallurgist  and  electro-chemist:  and  in 
ISS0-!)5  was  editor  of  the  ^Manufacturer  and 
Builder  of  New  Y^ork.  He  was  the  author 
of  (lialvanoplastic  Manipulations;  Techno- 
cFiemical  Receipt  Book;  Handbook  of  As- 
saying: and  Iconograpliic  Encyclopedia.  He 
died   March  23,   1909,   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wahlstrom,  Matthias,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  Nov.  28, 
1851,  in  Sweden.  In  1878-99  he  became  a 
missionary  among  the  Comanche  Indians 
of  Indian'  Territory.  In  1881-1904  he  was 
president  of  the  Gustavus  Adolphus  col- 
lege of  St.  Peter,  Minn.;  and  since  1904 
has  been  superintendent  of  the  Augustana 
hos])ital   of   Chicago,  111. 

Wainwright,-  Charles  Sheils,  soldier,  M-as 
born  in  New  Y'ork.  In  1861  lie  was  major 
in  the  first  regiment  New  Y'ork  light  artil- 
lery; and  in  1864  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
must<'re(l  out  in  1865. 

Wainwright,  Jonathan  Mayhew,  clergy- 
man, bishop,  author,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1793, 
in  Kngland.    He  was  a  provincial  protestant 

episcopal  bishop  of 
New  Y^ork  in  1852-54. 
Besides  his  published 
works  he  contri"buted 
freely  to  the  leading 
religious  periodicals  of 
the  United  States.  He 
was  the  author  of  The 
Land  of  Bondage; 
Short  Family  Pray- 
ers; The  Pathway 
and  Abiding  Places 
of  Our  Lord:  Lessons 
on  the  Church  Re- 
ligious iMlucation:  and  Selected  Sermons. 
He  died  Sept.  21,  1854,  in  New  Y^ork  City. 
Wainwright,  Richard,  naval  ofiicer,  was 
born  Jan.  5,  1817.  in  Charlestown,  ^Slass. 
He  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in  1841. 
He  was  promoted  to  coniinander  in  1860; 
and  given  tlie  llag-sliip  Hartford  of  Ad- 
miral Farragufs  fleet,  fitted  out  for  the 
ca]»tiire  of  New  Orleans.  He  died  Aug.  10, 
1862.  near  New  Orleans.  La. 

Wainwright,  Richard,  naval  ofiicer,  Avas 
born  Dec.  17,  lS4!t,  in  Wasliington,  D.C.  In 
1868  he  graduated  from  the  naval  academy. 
He  was  executive  officer  of  the  Maine:  and 
in  1898  gained  world-wide  renown  for  his 
gallant  conduct  in  handling  the  auxiliary 
gunboat  (Jloucester  during  the  Spanish- 
American  war.  Since  1907  he  has  been  com- 
manding   the    Louisiana. 

Wait,  Aaron  E.,  lawyci-,  jurist.  In  1859- 
(i2  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Oregon. 

Wait,  Charles  Edmund,  educator,  chemist, 
Mutlior,  was  born  Nov.  3,  1849,  in  Little 
Rock,  Ark.  Since  1888  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  chemistry  in  the  university  of 
Tennessee,  lie  is  tlie  author  of  Bulletins 
on  Xutrition. 

Wait,  Henry  Heileman,  electrical  engineer, 
inventor,  was   born   Oct.  27,   1869.  in  Chica- 


566 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


go,  111.  He  has  been  especially  active  in 
evolution  and  improvement  of  dynamos, 
both  for  lighting  and  railroad  work.  He 
has  patented  varipolar  motor  and  dynamos; 
and  has  patented  a  semi-automatic  machine 
for  winding  small  armatures. 

Wait,  John  Cassan,  soldier,  educator,  civ- 
il engineer,  lawyer,  author,  was  born  June 
4,  1860,  in  Norwich,  N.Y.  He  Avas  educated 
in  the  common  schools  and  at  Norwicli 
academy;  graduated  from  Cornell  univer- 
sity with  the  degrees  of  B.C.E.  and  M.C.E.; 
received  the  degree  of  M.S.  from  Norwich 
university;  and  the  degree  of  LL.B.  from 
Harvard  law  school.  In  1880-85  he  .filled 
various  engineering  positions;  and  in  1885- 
94  was  professor  of  mathematics,  chemis- 
try, physics  and  engineering  in  Harvard 
university  and  other  institutions  of  learn- 
ing. In  1893-95  he  was  associate-editor  of 
the  Railroad  Gazette;  and  in  1896-97  was 
assistant  engineer  of  the  Erie  canal  im- 
provement. Since  1897  he  has  been  engag- 
ed in  the  practice  of  law  in  New  York 
City;  and  has  been  assistant  corporation 
counsel.  He  is  the  author  of  Car  Build- 
ers' Dictionary;  Engineering  and  Archi- 
tectural Jurisprudence;  Law  of  Contracts; 
;)ii(l  other  works. 

Wait,  John  Turner,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  27,  1811, 
in  New  London,  Conn.  He  was  state's  at- 
torney for  the  county  of  New  London  in 
1842-44.  He  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1864;  was  a  state  senator  in  1865-66.  He 
was  a  representative  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1867-,  1871  and  1873,  serving  the 
first  year  as  speaker.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive "from  Connecticut  to  the  forty -fourth 
congress  to  fill  a  vacancy;  and  in  1875-87 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  forty- 
fourth,  forty-fifth,  forty-sixth,  forty-S(;v- 
cnth,  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth  congress- 
es as  a  republican.  He  died  April  21,  1899, 
in  Norwich,  Conn. 

Wait,  Oren  J.,  educator,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  May  23,  1810,  in 
Broadalbin,  N.Y.  In  1836  he  was  ordained 
to  the  ministry  at  Wells,  Pa.;  and  subse- 
quently filled  pastorates  in  New  York  City 
and  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In  1882  he  was  elect- 
ed president  of  Antioch  college  of  Yellow 
Springs.  Ohio.  He  died  Sept.  5,  1894,  in 
Falls  River,  Mass. 

Wait,  Samuel,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  Dec.  19,  1789,  in  Washington 
county,  N.Y''.  The  first  baptist  newspaper 
published  in  North  Carolina  owed  its  ex- 
istence to  his  labors.  He  was  active  in  es- 
tablishing Wake  Forest  school,  which  sub- 
sequently became  Wake  Forest  college;  and 
he  was  its  president.  He  died  July  28,  1867, 
in    Wake   Forest,  N.C. 

Wait,  William,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  2,  1821.  in  Epliratah,  N.Y.  He  was 
an  eminent  lawyer  of  Fulton  county,  N.Y. 
He  Avas  the  author  of  Law  and  Practice  in 
Civil  Actions;  New  York  Annotated  Code 
of  Procedure;  Actions  and  Defenses  at  Law 


Tangible 
Writing   and 


and  in  Equity;  and  Treatise  on  General 
Principles  of  the  Law.  He  died  Dec.  29, 
1880,  in  Johnstown,  N.Y. 

Wait,  William  Bell,  educator,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  iNIarch  25,  1839,  in  Amster- 
dam, N.Y.  Since  1863  he  has  been  principal 
of  the  New  York  institution  for  the  blind. 
He  has  invented  a  machine  for  writing  the 
New  York  point  system;  and  invented  a 
machine  for  embossing  same  on  metal 
plates  for  printing.  He  was  the  author  of 
Harmonic  Notation;  The  Normal  Course  of 
Piano  Technic;  and  A  System  of 
Musical  Notation  and  Point 
Printing  for  the  Use  of  Notation. 

Waite,  Carlos  Adolphus,  soldier,  was  born 
ill  ISOO.  He  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  in  1865  for  long  and  faith- 
ful service  in  the  army.  He  died  May  Y, 
1866,   in   Plattsburg,  N.Y. 

Waite,  Mrs.  Catherine,  suffragist,  lawyer, 
autlior,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1829,  in  Canada 
West.  She  is  a  Chicago  lawyer;  and  found- 
er of  The  Chicago  Law  Times.  She  is  the 
author  of  The  Mormon  Prophet  and  his 
Harem. 

Waite,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ver- 
mont, In  1862  he  was  first  lieutenant  in  the 
twenty-seventh  regiment;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  died  June  23,  1898. 

Waite,  Charles  Burlingame,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, autlior,  \vas  born  Jan.  29,  1824,  in 
Wayne  county,  N.Y.  He  removed  to  Illi- 
nois, from  which  state  he  was  appointed  an 
associate  judge  of  the  United  States  court 
for  the  territory  of  Utah  in  1862-65.  He 
was  district  attorney  of  Idaho  in  1865-66; 
and  since  then  he  has  been  engaged  in  lit- 
erary pursuits  in  Chicago.  He  is  the  author 
of  History  of  the  Christian  Religion  to  the 
Year  A.D.  200;  Herbert  Spencer  and  His 
Critics;  Jesus  the  Essene;  and  A  Conspira- 
cy Against  the  Republic. 

Waite,  Davis  Hanson,  legislator,  govern- 
or, was  born  April  9,  1825.  in  JamestoAvn, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin 
legislature  in  1857.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Kansas  legislature  in  1879.  In  1893-95 
he  was  the  seventh  governor  of  Colorado. 
He  died  Nov.  27,  1901,  in  Aspen,  Col. 
Waite,    Henry    Randall,     clergyman,    au- 


thor. 

N.Y. 


was  born  Dec.  16,  1846,  in  Copenhagen, 
In  1868  he  graduated  from  Hamilton 
college ;  studied  the- 
ology in  the  union 
theological  seminary 
of  New  York;  and 
studied  three  years  in 
Europe.  He  received 
the  honorary  degree 
of  Ph.D.  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Syracuse. 
He  successively  ed- 
ited the  Utica  ]\Iorn- 
ing  Journal,  the  New 
Haven  Evening  Jour- 
nal and  the  Interna- 
tional Review.    In  1885  he  founded  and  has 


HERRINGSHAW'S  I.IBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


567 


ever  since  been  president  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Civics,  and  is  editor  of  its  pub- 
lications. He  was  expert  statistician  of  the 
tenth  United  States  census.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Mormon  Problem;  and  Danger- 
ous Elements  in  the  Suffrage.  He  died 
about  1000  in  East  Orange,  N.J. 

Waite,  Henry  Matson,  lawyer  jurist,  state 
legislator,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1787,  in  Lyme, 
Conn.  In  1815  he  was  elected  to  the  Con- 
necticut legislature,  serving  several  years 
as  representative;  and  was  state  senator 
in  1832-33.  He  was  a  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  errors  of  Connecticut  in  1834-54. 
In  1854  he  was  made  chief  justice  of  the 
state.  He  died  Dec.  14,  1869,  in  Lyme,  Conn. 
Waite,  Herschel  Napoleon,  physician,  sur- 
geon, founder,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1850,  in 
Stowe,  Vt.    He  received  his  early  education 

in  the  high  school  of 
Stowe ;  which  was 
followed  by  a  busi- 
ness course  in  the 
j^^g^_j^_A^  Bryant  and  Stratton 
«■  ^F^Rfeia*!*!  business      college      of 

Burlington,  Vt.  In 
1870-71  he  served  as 
salesman,  bookkeeper 
and  accountant.  In 
J  ^S^^^H     1873-75    he    attended 

I^L  il^^^^l     nodical     lectures      in 

^Hi£  ^bJ^^^^H  Louisville  and  St. 
^mak^MAo^^^^^     Louis;     and    received 

his  degree  of  M.D.  In  1876-79  he  served  as 
an  expert  accountant  and  adjuster  in  New 
York  City.  In  1882  he  organized  and  es- 
tablished the  Yorkville  and  Harlam  electric 
dispensary.  Since  1889  he  has  practiced 
his  profession  in  Johnson,  Vt.  In  1892-96 
he  was  president  of  the  Vermont  state  ec- 
lectic medical  society;  and  was  the  founder 
in  1895  of  the  New  England  eclectic  med- 
ical association;  and  was  chosen  its  presi- 
dent. 

Waite,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1887-8S 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Rhode  Island. 

Waite,  John  Leman,  journalist,  publish- 
er, was  born  Aug.  29,  1840,  in  Ravenna, 
Ohio.  He  was  telegrapher  and  superin- 
tendent of  telegraph  in  his  younger  days; 
became  city  editor  of  the  Burlington 
Hawk-Eye  in  1869;  later  managing  editor; 
and  for  the  past  twenty-two  years  editor 
and  publisher.  He  was  appointed  post- 
master of  Burlington  by  President  Arthur 
in  1882  and  served  one  term  of  four  years; 
and  was  again  appointed  postmaster  by 
President  McKinley  in  1898  and  reap- 
pointed by  President  Roosevelt  in  1902  and 
1906.  He  has  been  vice-president  of  tlic 
National  association  of  postmasters;  and 
has  served  on  several  postoffice  commis- 
sions  at   Washington,  D.C. 

Waite,  John  M.,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieutenant  in 
the  eight  reginu-nt  Illinois  cavalry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  died  in  New  York. 


Waite,  Merton  Benway,  pathologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  23,  1865,  in  Oregon,  111. 
He  is  vegetable  pathologist  in  the  United 
States  department  of  agriculture.  He  is 
the  author  of  Pollenation  of  Pear  Flowers; 
Pear  Blight  and  Its  Remedy;  and  other 
botanical   ^lonographs. 

Waite,  Morrison  Remick,  lawyer,  jurist, 
statesnum,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1816,  in 
Lyme,  Conn.    In  1849  he  was  elected  to  the 

Ohio  state  legisla- 
ture; and  in  1871  was 
one  of  the  coimsel 
of  the  United  States 
before  tlie  tribunal 
of  arbitration  at  Ge- 
neva, under  the 
treaty  of  Washing- 
ton. In  1873  he  was 
unanimously  elected  a 
member  of  the  con- 
vention to  amend  the 
^  constitution    of    Ohio, 

and  was  made  its 
president.  In  1874-88  he  was  chief  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United  States. 
He  died  March  23,  1888,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Wake,  Charles  Staniland,  anthropologist, 
author,  was  born  March  22,  1835,  in  Eng- 
land. He  is  now  connected  with  the  Field 
Columbian  museum  of  Chicago.  111.  He  is 
the  author  of  Chapters  on  Man;  The  Evo- 
lution of  Morality,  in  two  volumes;  The 
Development  of  Marriage  and  Kingship; 
Serpent  Worship  and  Other  Essays;  and 
Tlie  (ieometry  of  Science. 

Wakefield,  Cyrus,  manufacturer,  was 
born  Feb.  7,  1811,  in  Roxbury,  N.H.  He 
originated  the  rattan  business  in  America; 
and  discovered  several  methods  of  utilizing 
the  rattan  waste,  while  of  the  split  rat- 
tans he  made  furniture  and  carriage-bodies. 
He  established  a  large  factory  for  these 
manufactures  in  South  Reading,  Mass., 
wliere  Iiis  rattan  works  cover  seven  acres 
of  ground.  He  died  Oct.  26,  1873,  in  Bos- 
ton, IMass. 

Wakefield,  Edmund  Burritt,  educator, 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  Aug.  27,  1846, 
in   Greensburg,   Ohio.    He   was   educated   in 

select  school  of 
Greensburg,  Ohio; 
and  at  Iliram  and 
Bethany  colleges.  He 
received  the  degrees 
of  A.B.  and  A.M.  In 
1861  he  enlisted  as  a 
jirivate  soldier  in  the 
civil  war  in  company 
G,  one  hundred  and 
seventy-sevcTith  Ohio 
volunteer  infantry.  In 
1874-90  he  was  pas- 
tor of  the  Christian 
clmreh  in  Nortli  Bloomfield  and  Warren, 
Oliio;  and  in  1903  was  acting  president; 
luii]  is  now  professor  of  biblical  literature 
and   theology  at  Hiram  college.    He  is   the 


568 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


author   of      Standard   Sunday   School   Com- 
mentary, in  live  volumes. 

Wakefield,  George  Washington,  soldier, 
educator,  was  born  Nov.  22,  1831),  near  De 
\Vitt,  111.  He  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  and  at  Lombard  college.  When  the 
civil  war  began  he  enlisted  in  company  F 
forty-first  Illinois  volunteer  infantry,  serv- 
ing three  years.  After  the  close  of  the  civil 
war  he  engaged  in  farming  and  teaching. 
Finally  studying  law,  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Illinois  in  1868.  The  same  year 
he  came  to  Iowa,  locating  at  Sioux  City, 
where  lie  entered  upon  the  jDractice  of  his 
profession.  In  187U-74  he  was  auditor  of 
Woodbury  county;  in  1885-87  was  judge 
of  the  circuit  court  of  the  fourth  judicial 
district;  and  in  1887-1904  Avas  judge  of  the 
district  court.  He  has  been  one  of  the  pro- 
moters of  the  Sioux  City  public  library, 
serving  as  president  of  the  board  of  trus- 
tees in  1892-1903.  In  1903-04  he  was  presi- 
dent of  tlie  Iowa  state  bar  association.  He 
is  greatly  interested  in  science  and  litera- 
ture; and  contributes  extensively  on  those 
subjects   to  current  publications. 

Wakefield,  James  B.,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, lieutenant-governor,  congressnu\n,  was 
born  in  1828  in  Connecticut.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  first  state  legislature  of  Minne- 
sota in  1857;  and  was  again  a  member  of 
tlie  legislature  in  1865,  and  was  elected 
speaker.  He  was  a  state  senator  in  1867- 
69;  and  in  1869-75  was  receiver  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  land  office  at  Winnebago  City. 
In  1875  he  was  elected  lieutenant-governor 
of  Minnesota.  In  1883-87  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Minnesota  to  the  forty- 
eiglith  and  forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  rc- 
j.ublican. 

Wakefield,  John  A.,  lumberman,  manu- 
facturer, public  official,  was  born  Dec.  3, 
1851,  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  of  Beaver  coun- 
ty, Pa.  In  1880-95  he  was  a  wholesale  and 
retail  lumber  merchant  of  Omaha,  Neb.  In 
1896-99  he  was  secretary  of  the  Trans- 
Mississippi  exposition  at  Omaha;  in  1900- 
01  was  connected  with  the  Pan-American 
exposH;ion  at  Buffalo,  N.Y.;  in  1903-04  Avas 
cliief  of  concessions  of  the  Louisiana  pur- 
chase exposition  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  in 
1905  was  director  of  concessions  and  admis- 
sions of  the  Lewis  and  Clark  exposition  at 
Portland,  Ore. 

Wakefield,  Mrs.  Nancy  Amelia,  author, 
poet,  v,'as  born  Dec.  7,  1836.  in  Royalton, 
Mass.  She  is  remembered  for  her  ])oem 
Over  tlie  River.  Slie  died  Sept.  21,  1870,  in 
\\'iiK'li('iid<in,   Mass. 

Wakeland,  Charles  Richard,  educator,  col- 
lege jiresident,  scientist,  was  born  Nov.  4, 
1870,  in  Carroll  county,  Ind.  In  1898-1900' 
he  was  principal  of  jiublic  schools;  and  since 
]!)()()  has  been  president  of  Pike  college  of 
Bowling  (ireen.  Mo.  He  is  a  noted  entomol- 
ogist. He  is  the  autlior  of  Science  in  the 
Grades;  and  several  valuable  contributions 
to  scientific  literature. 


Wakeley,  Eleazer,  laAvyer,  jurist.  He  was 
judge  of  one  of  the  United  States  territo- 
rial courts  sometime  prior  to  1884. 

Wakeley,  Joseph  Beaumont,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  in  1804  in  Danbury,  Conn. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  methodist  episcopal 
conference  in  1828;  and  was  made  pastor 
of  a  church  in  NeAv  York  City.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Heroes  of  Methodism;  Lost 
Chapters  Recovered  from  Early  American 
]\Iethodism;  Reminiscences;  and  The  Amer- 
ican Temperance  Cyclopedia.  He  died  April 
27,  1876,  in  New  York  City. 

Wakely,  Ebenezer,  lawyer,  jiirist,  was 
born  in  New  Lork.  He  settled  in  Wiscon- 
sin; and  was  apoointed  an  associate  justice 
of  tlie  United  States  court  for  the  terri- 
tory of  Nebraska.    He  died  in  Nebraska. 

Wakeman,  Abraham,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressiiian,  was  born  May  31,  1824, 
in  Fairfield,  Conn.  On  1850-51  he  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  legislature.  In 
1854-56  he  was  elected  an  alderman  in  New 
York.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  thirty-fourth  congress.  He  was  post- 
master of  New  York  City;  and  was  later 
surveyor  of  the  port  for  four  years.  He 
died  June  29,  1889,  in  New  York  City. 

Wakeman,  Antoinette  P.  Van  Hoesen, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  Dec.  4,  1856, 
in  Cortland  county,  N.Y.  She  is  the  author 
of  Questions  of  Conscience,  a  novel;  and 
How  to  be  Attractive  and  Successful;  and 
tlie  song  Just  You  and  I. 

Wakeman,  James  M.,  publisher,  was  born 
June  21,  1865,  in  England.  He  received  a 
education  in  his  native  country. 
In  1866  he  came  to 
the  United  States ; 
and  in  1887-88  was 
secretary  and  general 
manager  of  an  insur- 
ance company  of  Min- 
neapolis, Minn.  He 
Avas  Avestern  manager 
of  the  American  Ma- 
chinist and  Locomo- 
tive Engineering;  and 
later  Avas  appointed 
acting  president  of  the 
Engineering  and  Min- 
ing Journal  of  Ncav  York  City.  In  1899  he 
Avas  one  of  the  incorporators  of  the  McGraw 
publishing  company  of  Ncav  York  City,  and 
was  elected  A'ice-president  and  general  man- 
ager. He  Avas  president  and  general  man- 
ager of  the  Electrical  World  and  Engineer 
in  189!)-1!)06;  and  lias  been  vice-president 
of  the  Street  Raihvay  Journal;  vice-pres- 
ident of  the  Engineering  Record;  and  man- 
aging director  of  the  American  Klectrician. 
In  1902-03  lie  Avas  president  of  the  Amer- 
ican trade  press  association ;  and  in  1900- 
02  served  on  the  board  of  directors  of  Suc- 
cess. 

Wakeman,  Seth,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  Avas  born  Jan.  15.  1811,  in 
Franklin,  Vt.  In  1851-57  he  Avas  district  at- 
tornev   of   Genesee   countA',  N.Y. ;    and  Avas 


collegiate 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


509 


a  niomber  of  the  assembly  of  the  state  of 
New  York  in  1856-57.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  New 
York  in  lS()7-68.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  forty-second  congress  as 
a  republican. 

Wakeman,  Thaddeus  Burr,  lawyer,  phil- 
osoplu'r.  author,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1834,  in 
Greentield  Hill,  Conn.  He  has  devoted  much 
attention  to  literature  and  to  positive  phil- 
osophy. He  is  the  author  of  An  Epitome 
of  Positive  Philosoi)hy  and  Religion;  The 
Religion  of  Humanity;  Liberty  and  Purity; 
The  Age  of  Revision;  and  Evolution  or  Cre- 
ation. 

Walbach,  John  De  Barth,  soldier,  Avas 
born  in  Germany.  In  1799  he  was  lieuten- 
ant in  the  light  dragoons;  and  was  regu- 
larly promoted  to  major.  In  1823  he  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
died  .Juno  10,  1857. 

Walbridge,  Arthur  Dewey,  lawyer,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  born  April  10,  1843,  in 
Gaines.  N.Y\  He  was  the  author  of  the 
words  and  music  of  several  popular  songs, 
including  Now  I  Lay  Me  Down  to  Sleep; 
Sleeping  Wliere  the  Daisies  Grow;  Baby 
Meets  Mo  on  the  Stairs:  and  college  songs. 
He  died  Dec.  14.  1872.  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 

Walbridge,  Cyrus  Packard,  lawyer,  mer- 
cliant,  was  horn  July  20,  1849,  in  Madrid, 
N.Y.  In  1874  he  began  the  practice  of  law 
in  ^Minneapolis,  Minn.  In  1885  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  J.  S.  Merrell  drug  company.  In 
1889  he  was  president  of  the  city  council; 
and  in  1893  was  elected  mayor  of  St.  Louis, 
:\Io. 

Walbridge,  David  S.,  agriculturist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  -luly  30,  1802,  in  Ben- 
nington, \'t.  In  1855-59  he  was  elected  a 
representative  from  ^Michigan  to  the  thirty- 
fourth  and  thirty-fifth  congresses.  He  died 
•Tuiir    15.    1S()S,   in    Kahunazoo,  Mich. 

Walbridge,  Henry  S.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1809.  In  1851-53  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  thirty- 
second  congress.  He  died  in  18()9,  in  New 
York. 

Walch,  Henry  F.,  stenographer,  was  born 
July  19,  1848.  in  Madison  county,  N.Y.  He 
received  a  thorougli  education;  and  gradu- 
ated from  the  steno- 
graphic course  of  a 
business  college.  For 
forty- four  years  he 
lias  devoted  much  of 
his  time  to  court  re- 
porting; and  is  an  ex- 
]H'rt  stenographer.  He 
has  held  the  jiosition 
of  eoui't  i-eporter  of 
tlie  cricuit  court  of 
(hand  Rapids,  Mich., 
for  forty  years,  hav- 
ing been  a]>pointed  to 
his  |)resent  position  in  1809.  In  1S90  he  was 
elected  tlie  first  |)resident  of  the  ^lichigan 
law  stenographers'  association,  and  received 
the  election  again  in  1896. 


Walbridge,  Hiram,  congressman,  was  born 
Feb.  2,  1821,  in  Ithaca,  N.Y.  In  1853-55  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
tliirty-thinl  congress.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1870, 
111   New    York  City.  ^ 

Walcot,  Charles  Melton,  actor,  dramatist, 
was  born  in  1815,  in  London,  England.  He 
Mas  an  actor  and  plaj'wright  of  Philadel- 
[iliia.  He  was  the  author  of  the  plays  The 
Course  of  True  Love;  Hoboken;  Washing- 
ton, or  ^'alley  Forge;  and  A  Good  Fellow. 
He  died   .May    10,   1868,  in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Walcott,  Charles  Carroll,  soldier,  was  born 
June  26,  1838.  in  Columbus.  Ohio.  His 
father  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
liis  grandfather  in  the  revolution.  In  1862 
he  bo(  anie  a  colonel  :  and  in  1864  a  brigadier- 
general  for  gallantry  at  Atlanta.  He  served 
with  General  Sherman  on  the  march  to  the 
sea.  At  Shiloh  he  was  wounded.  At  Kene- 
saw  mountain  he  was  again  wounded.  At 
(xriswoldx'ille  he  was  hit  by  a  slieli,  and  for 
liravery  in  this  action  he  received  the  pro- 
motion of  major-general  by  brevet.  In  1883 
lie  was  elected  mayor  of  Columbus:  was  re- 
elected ma.vor  of  Columbus  :  and  was  re-elect- 
ed in  1SS5.  He  died  May  2,  1898,  in  Oma- 
ha.  Neb. 

Walcott,  Charles  Doolittle,  geologist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  March  31.  1850,  in  New  York 
Mills,  N.Y.  He  has  been  director  of  the 
United  States  geological  survey  in  1894- 
1907  ;  and  since  1907  has  been  secretary  of 
the  Smithsonian  institution.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Trilobite :  I'aleonlology  of  the 
Eureka  District ;  The  Cambrian,  Faunas  of 
North  America ;  The  Fauna  of  the  Ijower 
Cainbrinn  or  Olenellus  Zone:  and  Correla- 
tion Papers. 

Walcott,  Charles  Folsom,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Massa(  husett.-i.  In  1864  he  was  captain 
in  the  twelfth  company  infantry  Massachu- 
setts state  militia.  In  1865  he  was  brevet- 
ted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  lie  died 
June  11.  1S87,  in  Massachusetts. 

Walcott,  Earle  Ashley,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  19.  1859.  in  Magnolia.  111. 
In  1889-1909  he  was  editor  of  the  Weekly 
E.xaininer  and  editorial  writer  of  the  Daily 
Examiner  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  is  the 
author  of  Pslindfolded  ;  The  Apple  of  Dis- 
<()i(l  :    ;ni(l    '{'he   0]ien   Door. 

Walcott,  Harry  Mills,  ])ainter,  artist,  was 
born  July  16,  1870.  ni  Torringford,  Conn. 
He  has  received  medals  from  the  I'an-Amcri- 
can,  St.  Louis  and  other  expositions.  lie  is 
an    associate    national    a(  jHh'inician. 

Walcutt,  Charles  Carroll,  soldier,  was 
born  I'eb.  12.  1838.  in  Ciduinbus.  Ohio.  He 
served  through  the  ci\il  war;  and  received 
the  rank  of  n'ajor-general  of  the  Ciiited 
States  army.  He  died  May  2,  1898.  in  Oma- 
ha.   Neb. 

Walcutt,  William,  designer,  sculptor,  art- 
ist, was  born  \\iv\\  28.  1819,  in  Coluin!)us. 
Ohio.  lie  began  his  career  as  a  i)ainter  of 
I'ort raits  at  the  a.ge  of  irixteen  years.  He 
designed  a  number  of  small  ideal  statues 
and  a  great  many  laists.     Ills  masterpiece  is 


570 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


probably    tbe    Pervy    statue    in    Cleveland, 
Ohio. 

Walden,  Hiram,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  Aug.  29,  1800,  in  Rutland 
county,  Vt.  Ho  attained  the  office  of  major- 
general  of  militia.  In  1836  he  was  elected 
to  the  New  York  state  legislature.  In  1849- 
51  he  was  a  representative  to  the  thirty- 
first  congress  from  New  York.  He  died  in 
New  York. 

Walden,  John  Morgan,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Feb.  11,  1S31,  in  Lebanon,  Ohio. 
In  1884  he  was  consecrated  bishop  of  the 
methodist  episcopal  church  at  Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 

Walden,  Madison  M.,  soldier,  state  sena- 
tor, lieutenant-governor,  congressman,  was 
born  Oct.  6,  1836,  in  Adams  county,  Ohio. 
He  served  in  the  union  army  in  1861-65  as 
captain  of  infantry  and  cavalry.  He  had 
charge  of  a  newspaper  at  Centreville,  Iowa. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives of  Iowa  in  1866-67;  and  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1868-69.  He  was 
lieutenant-governui-  of  Jowa  in  1870.  In 
1871-73  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa 
to  the  forty-second  congress  as  a  republican, 
lie  died  .Tnlv  24.  1891.  in  Centreville,  Iowa. 

Walden,  Sarah  S.  W.,  educator,  economist, 
author,  was  born  in  1872  in  Paris,  France. 
In  1902-03  she  was  an  instructor  of  econom- 
ics in  Wellesley  college.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of   IMassachuFctts   LaJjor   Legislation. 

Walden,  Treadwell,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  25.  1830,  iu  Walden,  N.Y. 
He  is  nn  episcopal  clergyman  of  New  Hamp- 
sliire.  He  is  the  author  of  Sunday-School 
Prayer  Book ;  Our  English  Bible  and  its 
Ancestors;  The  (Jreat  Meaning  of  Metanoia  ; 
Essays  of  a  Lifetime ;  An  Undeveloped 
Cliajitcr   in    the   Life   of    Christ. 

Waldo,  Albigence,  surgeon,  founder,  was 
born  Feb  27,  1750,  iu  Pomfret,  Conn.  He 
was  a  founder  of  the  Medical  society  in 
Windham  county,  which  was  the  first  so- 
ciety in  Connecticut.  He  left  numerous 
medical  and  surgical  treatises  in  manuscript, 
illustrated  .by  well-executed  drawings,  and 
also  a  large  collection  of  valuable  historical 
documents.  His  diary  at  Valley  Forge  was 
published  in  the  Historical  Magazine.  He 
died  Jan.  29,  1794,  in  Windham  county, 
Conn. 

Waldo,  Clarence  Abiathar,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  boi'u  .Tan.  21,  1852.  in  Hammond. 
N.Y.  Since  1895  he  ha.s  been  head  professor 
of  mathematics  in  Purdue  university.  He 
is  the  author  of  iNIanual  of  Descriptive  Ge- 
ometry. 

Waldo,  Daniel,  clergyman,  chaplain,  was 
born  Sept.  10.  1762.  in  Windham,  Conn.  In 
1855,  at  the  age  of  ninety-three,  he  was 
made  chaplain  of  the  house  of  represen- 
tatives. He  died  July  30,  1864,  in  Syra- 
cuse, N.Y. 

Waldo,  Frank,  educator,  meteorologist, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  4,  1857,  in  Cincinna- 
ti,   Ohio.      He    is    professor    in    the    United 


States  signal  service.  Beside  a  number  of 
scientific  moiiographs  he  is  the  author  of 
Modern  Meteorologj' ;  and  Elementary  Met- 
eorology. 

Waldo,  George  E.,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  11,  1851,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  He  received  the  rudiments  of 
his  education  in  the  i^ublic  schools  of  Con- 
necticut and  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. ;  attended 
Dr.  Fitch's  academy  at  South  Windham, 
Conn. ;  attended  the  high  school  at  Williman- 
tic.  Conn. ;  and  graduated  from  Cornell  un- 
iversity. He  has  been  village  attorney  of 
Ulysses,  Neb.;  and  was  a  trustee  and  di- 
rector of  the  Ulysses  high  school.  Pie  has 
been  a  member  of  the  New  York  state  as- 
sembly ;  and  has  been  commissioner  of  rec- 
ords for  Kings  county,  N.Y.  Since  1876  he 
has  been  actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law ;  and  now  practices  his  profession  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1905-09  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  fifty-ninth 
and   sixtieth   congresses  as  a  republican. 

Waldo,  H.  L.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1876  he 
was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  United 
States  court  for  the  territory  of  New  Mex- 
ico. 

Waldo,  John  B.,  lawyer  ,jurist.  In  1880- 
84  ho  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
lu'eme  court  of  Oregon ;  and  in  1884-86 
lie  was  chief  justice. 

Waldo,  Leonard,  astronomer,  author,  was 
born  May  4,  1853.  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He 
was  assistant  at  the  Harvard  observatory  in 
1875-80;  and  in  1880-87  he  was  astronomer 
in  charge  of  the  horological  bureau  of  the 
Winchester  observatory  cf  Y'ale ;  and  prac- 
tices metallurgy  and  electrical  engineering. 
He  is  the  author  of-cyelop.Tedia  articles  and 
popular  papers  on   technical  subjects. 

Waldo,  Lorin  P.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1802, 
in  Canterbury,  Conn.  He  was  state's  at- 
torney for  Connecticut  iu  1837-49;  for 
two  years  was  judge  of  the  court  of  pro- 
bate in  his  district;  and  six  years  a  member 
of  the  legislature  of  his  state.  In  1849-51  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  thirty-first  con- 
gress. In  1852  he  was  elected  commissioner 
of  the  school  fund  of  Connecticut.  In  1853 
he  was  appointed  commissioner  of  pensions. 
In  1855  he  was  elected  to  the  oSice  of  judge 
of  the  supreme  court.  He  died  in  Connecti- 
cut. 

Waldo,  Samuel,  soldier,  Avas  born  in  1696, 
in  Boston.  Mass.  His  father.  Jonathan, 
was  a  wealthy  merchant  of  Boston;  and 
was  a  brigadier-general  at  the  capture  of 
Louisburg.  There  were  remarkable  coinci- 
dences between  his  life  aqd  that  of  his 
friend.  Sir  William  Pe])perell.  They  lived 
in  Maine,  were  councillors  together,  com- 
manded regiments,  and  were  together  at  Lou- 
isburg, passed  a  year  together  in  England, 
were  born  the  same  year,  and  died  nearly  at 
the  same  time.  He  died  May  23,  1759,  on 
Penobscot  River.  Maine. 

Waldo,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


B71 


ill  1721  ill  Maine.  lu  1760  he  was  appoint- 
ed judso  of  probate  for  Cumborlaiul  coun- 
ty, Maine.  He  died  April  16,  1770,  in 
Maine. 

Waldo,  Samuel  Lovett,  painter,  artist, 
was  boni  April  6,  1763,  m  Windham,  Conn. 
For  fifty-three  years  he  painted  portraits  in 
New  York  City ;  among  thorn  arc  those  of 
General  Macomb ;  and  Mayors  Willott,  Rad- 
cliffe.  and  Allen.  He  died  Feb.  16.  1861,  in 
New  York  City. 

Waldo,  Samuel  Putnam,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1780  in  Connecticut.  He 
was  the  auilior  of  Tour  of  President  Monroe 
in  1818:  Memoirs  of  General  Andrew  Jack- 
son; Life  of  Stephen  Decatur;  and  Bio- 
graphical Sketches.  He  died  in  March, 
1826.  ill  I[artf..rd.  Conn. 

Waldron,  Edmund  Quincy  Sheafe,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  born  July  6. 
1812,  in  Hover,  N.H.  Tn  1857-60  he  had 
charge  of  St.  Matthew's  church  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  In  1860-69  he  was  president  of 
Borromeo  college  of  I'ikesvile.  JMd.  He 
died   April   16.   1888,   in   rikes\ille,   Md. 

Waldron,  Henry,  civil  engineer,  congress- 
man, WMs  burn  Oct.  11,  1819,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  He  was  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
Michigan  in  1843.  In  1855-61  and  1871-77 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  thirty-fourth, 
thirty-fifth,  thirty-sixth,  forty-second,  forty- 
third,  and  forty-fourth  congresses  as  a  re- 
])ublican. 

Waldron,  Richard,  colonial  governor.  In 
1681-82  he  was  colonial  governor  of  New 
Hampshire. 

Waldstein,  Charles,  archicologist,  author, 
was  horn  .March  30,  1856,  In  New  York 
( 'ity.  He  is  an  eminent  archaeologist ;  and 
the  director  of  the  American  school  of  Arch- 
a'ology  at  Athens  since  1888.  lie  is  the 
author  of  Excavations  at  the  Ileraion  of  Ar- 
;:os  ;  Tiie  Balance  of  Emotion  and  Intellect ; 
l-^ssays  on  the  Art  of  IMieidas ;  The  Work 
of  John  Knskin  ;  and  Study  of  Art  in  Uni- 
\ersitii's. 

Waldstein,  Louis,  physician,  author,  was 
born  April  15,  1853.  in  New  York  City.  In 
1880-98  he  jiracliced  law  in  New  York  City; 
and  since  in  London.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Snb-Con.sciuus  Self  in  its  Relation  to 
Education   and   Health. 

Wales,  George  E.,  lawy<r,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  con^^ressman,  was  born  in  Wind- 
ham county.  Vt.  Ho  served  six  years  in  the 
slate  li'gishilnre ;  and  was  speaker  in  1823- 
24.  In  1825-29  he  was  a  reproscntative  from 
\'<'rmont  to  the  nin<'teentii  and  twentieth 
•  onsresses ;  and  was  judge  of  i)robatc  for 
Hartford  county  in  1843-48.  He  died  in  Vcr- 
Mionl. 

Wales,  James  Albert,  caricaturist,  artist, 
was  iiorn  Aug.  30,  1852,  in  Clyde,  Ohio. 
In  1881  he  went  abroad  ;  and  after  his  re- 
turn he  became  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Judge,  and  was  for  some  time  its  chief  car- 
toonist. He  returned  to  I'nck  in  1885.  He 
died   Dec.   6,   1886,   in   New   York   City. 


Wales,  John,  lawyer,  United  States  sena- 
tor, was  born  July  31,  1783,  in  New  Ha- 
ven, Conn.  He  practiced  his  profession  for 
about  thirty  years  in  Wilmington,  Del. ;  and 
in  1845  was  appointed  secretary  of  state. 
In  1847-51  he  was  United  States  senator 
from  Delaware.  He  died  Dec.  3,  1863,  in 
\Viliiiington,   Del. 

Wales,  Leonard  E.,  soldier,  lawyer  ,jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  26,  1823,  in  Wilmington, 
Del.  He  enlisted  in  1861  in  the  first  Del- 
aware volunteers ;  and  in  1863  was  super- 
intendent for  drafting  troops.  In  1864-84  he 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court 
of  Delaware  for  New  Castle  county  ;  and 
in  1884-97  was  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  district  of  Delaware. 
He  died  Feb.  28.  1897,  in  Wilmington, 
Del. 

Wales,  Philip  Skinner,  naval  ofTiccr,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  27,  1837,  in  Annapolis. 
Md.  He  entered  the  navy  as  assistant  sur- 
geon in  1856.  In  1880-84  he  was  surgeon 
general  of  the  navy ;  and  chiaf  of  bureau 
of  medicine  and  surgery.  He  is  the  author 
of  a  Treatise  on  Mechanical  Therapeutics. 
Walesi,  Salem  Howe,  journalist,  traveler, 
was  born  Oct.  4,  1825,  in  Wales.  Mass.  He 
was  president  of  the  department  of  parks  of 
New  York  City  in  1873;  president  of  the 
department  of  docks  in  1876 ;  president  of 
the  park  commission  in  1880-85 ;  and  vice- 
president  of  the  new  East  river  bridge  com- 
mission. He  was  the  author  of  a  series  of 
letters  on  European  travel  in  1855  and  1867 
for  the  New  York  Sun  and  Scientific  Amer- 
ican. He  died  in  1902  in  New  York  City. 
Wales,  Samuel,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  2,  1748.  in  Rayuham, 
Mass.  He  was  minister  of  Milford  in  1770- 
82.  He  was  professor  of  divinity  at  Yale  in 
1782-94.  He  was  the  author  of  Dangers  of 
Our  National  Prosperity,  an  election  ser- 
mon. He  died  Feb.  18,  1794,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn. 

Walke,  Henry,  naval  oflicer.  author,  veas 
born  Dec.  24,  180S,  in  Princess  Ann  county, 
Va.  He  was  a  naval  officer;  and  was  ap- 
pointed rear-admiral  in  1870  and  about  1886 
was  retired.  Ifc  was  the  author  of  Naval 
Scenes  and  Reminiscences  of  the  Civil  War. 
He  died  INlarch  S.  180G,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y\ 
Walke,  Willoughby,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  28.  1859,  in  Norfolk.  Va.  In  1888 
he  graduated  from  West  Point  military 
academy;  in  1899  became  captain  of  the 
second  artillery;  and  in  190G  became  ma- 
jor of  the  artillery  corps.  lie  is  the  au- 
thor of  Lectures  on  Explosives;  and  Gun- 
powder and  High   Explosives. 

Walker,  Abraham  Joseph,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, jurist,  was  born  in  1818  near  Nash- 
ville. Tenn.  He  became  a  successful  law- 
yer and  democratic  legislator;  and  in  1852 
removed  to  Talladega,  lie  was  appointed 
one  ofthe  state  chancellors  in  1854;  was 
judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1856- 
59;  and  its  chief  justice  in  1859-08.  He 
died  April  25,  1872,  in  Montgomery,  Ala. 


572 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Walker,  Albert  Henry,  lawyer,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  25,  1844,  in  Fair- 
fax,   Vt.     In    1877    he   graduated   from   the 

law  department  of  the 
Northwestern  univer- 
sity. He  began  the 
practice  of  his  profes- 
sion at  Hartford, 
Conn. ;  and  in  1891- 
92  was  a  member  of 
the  Connecticut  legis- 
hitnre.  lie  moved  to 
New  York ;  has  a 
liracticG  extending  in- 
to many  states ;  and 
has  aigued  many  im- 
portant cases  in  twen- 
ty-two states  of  the  union;  and  conducted 
hundreds  of  litigation.s  in  thirty-six  states. 
Since  1889  he  has  been  a  non-resident  lec- 
turer on  patent  law  at  Cornell  university; 
and  since  189P  lias  been  a  lecturer  at  the 
nni\-(M-sity  of  JMi(lii.saii.  He  is  the  author 
(if  'Walker  on  I'atents,  in  four  editions  which 
has  been  the  leading  text  book  of  the  patent 
laws  of  the  United  States;  and  has  long 
lieen  known  and  used  in  other  nations  ;  and 
is  the  author  of  other  works. 

Walker,  Albert  Perry,  educator,  editor, 
author,  was  horn  June  9,  1862,  in  Alton 
Bay,  N.H.  He  was  engaged  in  education- 
al work  ;  and  was  also  an  organist.  He  was 
the  author  of  Essentials  of  English  His- 
tory. He  died  iNIarch  27,  1911,  in  Xewtou- 
ville,    Mass. 

Walker,  Alexander,  lawyer,  joiirnalist, 
jurist,  authov,  was  horn  Oct.  13,  1819.  in 
Fredericksburg,  Va.  He  removed  to  New 
Orleans,  La.,  wdiere  he  practiced  law  and 
became  a  journalist  at  the  same  time.  He- 
was  the  editor  of  the  Jeffersonian,  wliich 
was  established  as  the  organ  of  the  Louis- 
iana democracy.  Afterward  he  was  editor 
of  the  Delta  ;  the  Times ;  the  Herald ;  and 
the  Picayune;  and  for  some  time  of  the 
Cincinnati  Enquirer.  He  was  appointed 
judge  of  the  city  court  of  New  Orleans;  and 
in  1861  was  a  member  of  the  secession  con- 
vention of  Louisiana.  He  was  the  author 
of  Jackson  and  New  Orleans ;  Life  of  An- 
drew Jackson ;  and  History  of  the  Battle 
of  Shiloh.  He  died  in  New  Orleans,  La. 
Walker,  Alexander  Joseph,  journalist,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  Oct.  13.  1819,  in 
Frederick.sburg,  Va.  He  was  a  lawyer  and 
journalist  of  New  Orleans.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Jackson  and  New  Orleans;  History 
of  the  Battle  of  Shiloh  ;  Butler  at  New  Or- 
leans;  Duelling  in  Louisiana;  and  Life  of 
General  Andrew  Jackson.  He  died  Jan.  24, 
1893.  in  Fort  Scott,  Ark. 

Walker,  Amasa,  educator,  merchant,  state 
senator,  congressman,  author,  was  born  May 
4,  1799,  in  Woodstock,  Conn.  In  1842  he 
became  professor  of  political  economy  at  the 
Oberlin  college,  Ohio  ;  and  in  1843  and  1849 
visited  Euroiie  as  a  delegate  to  the  peace 
congress.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in   1849;   was  a  state  senator  in 


1850  ;  and  was  secretary  of  state  in  1851-52. 
In  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  thirty-seventh  congress 
to  till  a  \acancy.  He  was  the  author  of  Sci- 
ence of  ^^'ealth  ;  and  The  Nature  and  Uses 
of  Money.  He  died  Oct.  29,  1875,  in  Brook- 
field.   Mass. 

Walker,  Asa,  naval  officer,  was  born  Nov. 
13.  1845,  in  I'urtsmouth.  N.H.  In  1868  he 
was  promoted  ensign ;  in  1894  he  became 
commander;  and  i/i  1906  was  advanced  to 
tlie  rank  of  rear-admiral.  Since  1906  he  has 
been  superintendent  of  the  naval  observa- 
tory  of    \\'ashington.   D.C. 

Walker,  Bellem,  journalist,  compiler,  au- 
thor, was  horn  in  Newtonville,  Mass.  Since 
1901  she  has  edited  the  Bookseller;  News 
Dealer  and  Stationer.  She  has  compiled 
Handy  Book  of  Card  Games;  and  Persian 
I'oets. 

Walker,  Benjamin,  merchant,  soldier,  con- 
gressman, waM  born  in  1753  in  England. 
Ho  was  aide  to  George  Washington  in  1781- 
82.  After  the  war  he  was  secretary  to  the 
governor  of  New  York  ;  and  then  became  a 
broker  in  New  York  City.  In  1801-03  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
seventh  congress.  He  died  Jan.  13,  1818,  in 
Utica.  N.Y. 

Walker,  Charles  Ashbel,  railroad  official, 
soldier,  was  born  June  23,  1843,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  He  entered  railway  service  in  1866 
with  the  Susquehanna  railroad,  and  has 
(illcd  various  positions  to  chief  clerk  of  the 
linnncial  department;  and  is  now  a  director 
of  the  Albany  and  Susquehanna  railroad 
company  and  numerous  other  corporations. 
He  joined  the  Y\'ashinglon  continentals  in 
1861.  served  in  numerous  battles  and  skir- 
mishes, and  was  brevetted  major  in  1865 
for  faithfiil  and  meritorious  services.  He  is 
now  treasurer  of  the  Dela\\are  and  Hudson 
company ;  and  is  governor  and  vice-presi- 
dent of  th"  Albany  society  of  New  York. 

Walker,  Charles  C.  B.,  congressman,  was 
born  June  27.  1824.  in  Drewsville.  N.H.  In 
1856-60  he  was  postmaster  of  Corning,  N.Y. ; 
and  was  an  assistant  quartermaster-general 
at  Elmira  in  1861.  In  1875-77  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  forty- 
fourth  congress  as  a   democrat. 

Walker,  Charles  L.,  lawyer,  public  offi- 
cial. In  1859  he  graduated  from  Mount 
Morris  seminary  and  collegiate  institute; 
and  in  1873  moved  to  Rock  Island.  111.  In 
1878  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  su- 
ju'eme  court  of  Illinois  ;  and  became  attorney 
for  the  Chicago.  Burlington  and  Quincy  rail- 
road company.  In  1899-1901  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Kock  Island  public  library.  In 
1901  he  was  api)ointed  general  attorney  for 
the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal  by  the  canal 
commissioners ;  and  has  continued  as  such 
under  the  administration  of  (Governor  De- 
neen.  Since  1901  he  has  been  colonel  of 
the  Illinois  national  guard  ;  and  was  aide 
de  camp  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Richard 
Yates. 

Walker,  Charles  Manning,  journalist,  au- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


573 


thor,  was  born  Dec.  25.  1834.  in  Athens, 
Ohio.  Ill"  was  clerk  in  tlic  United  iStates 
treasury  department  in  1861-63 ;  in  1883-85 
was  chief  clerk  in  the  post  office  department ; 
and  is  now  associate  editor  of  the  Indian- 
•apolis  Journal.  He  is  the  author  of  History 
of  Athens  County.  Ohio;  First  Settlement 
of  Ohio  at  Marietta ;  and  Lives  of  Oliver 
Martin    and    Ahin    Iluvty. 

Walker,  Mrs.  Charlotte  Abell,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1803,  in  Uales- 
burg.  111.  She  is  the  wife  of  Samuel  Walker, 
an  cniinC-nt  lawyer  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  She  is 
the  author  of  Lndcr  a   Lucky  Star. 

Walker,  Cornelius,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  June  12,  1819.  near  Kich- 
moud.  Va.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  ; 
and  professor  in  the  Viruinia  theological 
seminary  in  1SG6-98.  lie  was  the  autiior  of 
Sorrowing  Not  Without  Hope;  Outlines 
of  Christian  Theology ;  and  Lectures  on 
Christian  Ethics;  and  other  works.  He 
died   in    1!)U7   in  Hamilton.   Va. 

Walker,  David,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  He  was  a  revolutionary 
fcoldier.  In  1817-20  he  was  a  representative 
from  Kentucky  to  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
congresses.  He  died  March  1.  1820.  in  ^Vash 
inglon.  D.C 

Walker,  David,  soldier,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, jurist,  was  born  in  1806  in  Todd  coun- 
ty. Ky.  In  1830  he  removed  to  Fayetteville. 
Ark.  He  was  state  senator;  a  member  of 
state  convention  of  Arkansas  in  1836  ;  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  :  president  of  seceding 
convention  of  1861 ;  aiul  a  colonel  in  the 
confederate  army.  He  subsequently  became 
chief  justice  supreme  court  of  Arkansas. 
He  died  Sept.  30.  1879.  in  Fayi^ttevi'lle.  Ark. 

Walker,  David  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  governor. 
He  was  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Florida.  He  was  the  seventh  governor  in 
186H-G9.     Hh  died  July  21.  1891,  in   Florida. 

Walker,  DeWitt  Clinton,  lawyer,  jurist, 
founder,  stali^sman,  was  born  in  1812  in 
Chirendon.  \{.  Vov  twi-nty  years  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  Komeo.  Mich.;  in  1840.  1844 
and  1846  was  a  representative  in  the  Michi- 
gan state  legislature;  and  in  18H-42  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate.  In  1857  he 
laid  out  the  village  of  Capac.  Mich.  He 
died  Aug.  17,  1904.   in  Capac. 

Walker,  Duncan  M.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Michigan.  In  1861  lie  was  lirsl  lieutenaul 
in  tile  seventh  regiment  Michigan  infantry  ; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-g'iieral 
of  volunteers. 

Walker,  Edmund  Murton,  educator,  scien- 
tist, was  Ituni  <)it.  .").  1S77.  in  Windsor, 
Canada.  Since  1906  he  has  been  a  li'clurei' 
on  zoology  in  Toronto,  and  since  1907  has 
also  been  forest  entiunologist.  Since  1910 
be  has  been  eiliior  of  the  Cana<lian  ICntomol- 
ogist. 

Walker,  E.  Lawton,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
was  born  .\ug.  18.  1867.  in  Fierce  coiuity. 
(ia.  He  was  educated  al  White  Si'iings. 
Fla. ;  and  is  a  farmer  and  lawyer  by  jin.- 
fession.      In    1892-95  and    in    1902-04    he   was 


a  representative  in  the  Georgia  state  legisla- 
ture. In  1893-94  he  was  a  member  of  the 
town  council  of  Blackshear,  Ga.,  and  has 
been  a  member  of  the  Pierce  county  demo- 
cratic executive  committee.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Georiga  state  senate  from  the 
third  district  for  the  term  of  1905-06.  He 
died  about  1911. 

Walker,  Edward  Dwight,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  horn  in  1859  in  Long  Island.  He 
was  a  journalist  and  writer  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  Reincarnation,  a 
Study  of  Forgotten  Truth.  He  died  in  1890 
in  New  York  City. 

Walker,  Edwin,  lawyer,  director,  was  born 
in  1832  in  (icnesee  county,  N.Y.  In  1854- 
65  he  practiced  law  in  Logansport,  Ind. ;  and 
in  1865  moved  to  Chicago,  111.  Since  1860 
ho  has  represented  several  railroads  as  gen- 
eral solicitor.  Since  1870  he  has  been  Illi- 
nois counsel  for  the  Chicago.  Milwaukee  and 
St.  Paul  railroad;  and  is  a  member  of  a  firm 
of  coal  mines  and  shippers.  He  was  special 
counsel  for  the  United  States  in  the  lawsuits 
growing  out  of  the  great  railroad  strike  of 
1894. 

Walker,  Edwin  Sawyer,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  11.  1828,  in  ^Yhiting. 
Vt.      He    graduated    from    the    university    of 

Uochester ;  and  from 
the  Rochester  theolog- 
ical seminary.  He  has 
filled  important  pas- 
torates in  the  baptist 
church.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Lincoln 
National  Monument; 
The  Story  of  My  An- 
cestors ;  A  History  of 
the  Springfield  Bap- 
tist xVssociation  ;  His- 
tory of  Oak  Ridge 
Cemetery  ;  History  of 
the  Carpenter  Family  in  America;  Appen- 
ilix  to  the  Story  of  My  Ancestors;  and  The 
Works  of  I'Mwin  Sawyer  \Valker.  embrac- 
ing   pnlili(  II  lions    coiiiplel!'    to    date. 

Walker,  Elmer  Warren,  educator,  was 
liorn  Nov.  29.  1862.  in  Black  Earth.  Wis. 
He  was  educated  at  the  university  of  Wis- 
eonsin ;  and  is  a  noted  educator  of  that 
stale.  lie  li:ts  been  iirincipal  of  schools  at 
Wesilield  and  at  Black  Earth.  Wis.;  sn|)er- 
intendenl  of  schools  at  Whitewater,  Wis.; 
and  institute  conductor  ^)f  the  stale  normal 
school  at  Sui)erior.  Wis.  Since  1902  he  has 
been   snpei'inlendent   of    tlu"  state  school   for 

I  he    t]i':\\'   of    ^^'is(  ousin. 

Walker,  Mrs.  Emma  Elizabeth,  physician, 
.•iiilhor,  was  boiii  July  18.  1864,  in  Siu'ing- 
lield.  .Mass.  Since  1898  she  has  been  a  jjrac- 
licing  physician  of  .\ew  York  City.  She  is 
the  aiilhor  of   Beauty   Through   Hygiene. 

Walker,  Felix,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
(dugressman.  was  horn  .Fuly  19.  1753,  in 
II:impshire  county.  \'a.  He  settled  in  Tyron 
<(>uply.  X.C. ;  and  was  for  many  years  in 
the  st.-ite  lei; islal lire.  In  1817-23  he  was  a 
representative    from    North    Carolina    (o    the 


574 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


fifteenth,  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  congress- 
es.    He  died   in   1830   in  Mississippi. 

Walker,  Francis,  congressman.  In  1793- 
95  lie  was  a  repret-eutative  from  Virginia  to 
llie   third   congress.      He  died  in   Virginia. 

Walker,  Francis  Amasa,  soldier,  educator, 
journalist,     lawyer,     college     president,     was 
born  in  1841.     During  the  civil  \wav  he  was  a 
iederal  oificer ;  rising  to  the  rank  of  colonel ; 
and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  in  1865. 
He  was   the  president  of  the  ^.iassachusetts 
institute  of  itchnology  in  1881-97.     He  was 
the  author  of  ^^'ages ;  Money  ;  Money  in  its 
Uelations   lo  Trade  and   Industry  ;   Political 
Economy ;   The   Indian  Question ;   Land  and 
its    Kent ;     History    of    the    Second    Army 
corps;  Life  of  (;;eneral   Hancock;  The  Mak- 
ing of   the  Nation  ;   Double  Taxation  in   the 
United    States ;    and    International    Bimetal- 
lism.    He  died  .Ian.  5.  18P7,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Walker,  Fred  R.,  farmer,  jurist,  was  born 
April   24.   1859,    in    Indiana   comity,    Pa.    He 
received  his  education  in  the  public  and  pri- 
vate   schools    of    Tennessee.      He    has    been 
county  coroner  for  four  years ;  a  notary  pub- 
lic for  sixteen  years ;   for   twenty  years  held 
township  oflices;  and  for  fourteen  years  con- 
secutively   was   supervisor   of    his    township. 
He  has  been  chairman  of  the  board  of  super- 
visors for  three  years;  is  a  successful  farm- 
er ;  and  has  filled  various  other  positions  of 
trust  and  honor.     He  was  judge  of  the  pro- 
bate court  for  Traverse  county  for  the  term 
of  1905-08- 

■  Walker,  Freeman,  lawyer,  United  States 
senator,  was  l)oru  ()ct.  25,  1780,  in  Charles 
City,  Va.  In  1819-21  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Georgia.  He  died  Sept.  23, 
1827,  in  Kichmoud  county,  Ga. 

Walker,  George,  lawyer.  United  States 
senator,  was  born  in  1768  in  Culpeper  coun- 
ty, Va.  In  1813-15  he  was  United  States 
Senator.  He  died  in  1819  in  Nicholasville. 
Ky. 

Walker,  George,  lawyer,  banker,  state  sen- 
ator, diplomat,  was  born  in  1824  in  Peter- 
borough, N.H.  In  1857  he  was  elected  to  the 
Mfissathnsetts  senate;  was  re-elected;  and 
in  1868  was  a  member  of  the  lower  house. 
He  was  instrumo>ntal  in  introducing  the  na- 
tional system  of  banking  into  the  state.  He 
engaged  in  business  in  Springfield,  Mass. ; 
and  became  president  of  the  Third  nation- 
al bank  of  that  city.  He  died  Jan.  15,  1888. 
in    Washington,    D.C. 

Walker,  George  Leon,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  30,  1830,  in  Rutland,  Vt. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman ;  and 
pastor  of  a  church  in  Hartford.  He  was 
the  author  of  History  of  the  First  Church 
in  Hartford,  1633-1883 ;  Thomas  Hooker : 
I'reacher,  Founder,  Democrat ;  and  Some 
Aspects  of  the  Religious  Life  of  New  Eng- 
land. He  died  March  14,  1900,  in  Hart- 
ford,   Conn. 

Walker,  Gilbert  Carlton,  lawyer,  banker, 
congrcssnuin,  governor,  was  born  Aug.  1, 
1832  in  Binghamton,N.Y.  In  1864  he  went 
to    Norfolk.    Va. ;    and   he   became   president 


of  the  Exchange  national  bank.  _  He  subse- 
quently settled  in  Richmond.  In  1871-74 
he  was  the  thirty-first  governor  of  Virginia. 
In  1875-79  he  was  a  representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  forty-fourth  and  forty-fifth 
congresses.  He  died  May  11,  1885,  in  New 
York   City. 

Walker,  Guy  Morrison,  lawyer,  financial 
expert,  author,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1870,  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.  He  graduated  from  the  De 
Pauw  university ;  and  has  received  the  de- 
grees of  A.B.,  A.M.  and  LL.D.  from  that  in- 
stitution. In  1891  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar ;  has  practiced  his  profession  in  New 
York,  Michigan,  Tennessee  and  Arkansas; 
for  ten  years  resided  in  China ;  and  is  an 
expert  on  Chinese  matters.  In  1894  be  or- 
ganized the  Terre  Haute  trust  company  ;  in 
1898  he  organized  the  Security  trust  com- 
!;;iiy  of  Toii'iio;  and  is  now  a  lawyer  and 
financial  expert  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  author  of  Raili'oads  and  Wages;  What 
Shall  We  Buy ;  Interurban  Railways ;  and 
other  works. 

Walker,  Harriet  G.,  reformer,  philanthro- 
jiist.  was  born  Sept.  10,  1841,  in  Bruns- 
^^  ick,  Ohio.      More  than  twenty  years  ago  she 

turned  her  attention 
™~  to  charitable  work, 
and  is  today  associ- 
ated with  many  of  the 
charities  of  Minne- 
apolis, Minn.  For 
twenty  years  she  has 
been  secretary  of  the 
i"--,.,^_^  Rcrormatory        for 

—^  ,^^  r^'  %j^  '^vomen  called  the 
mf^Kk/^  \m  Bethany  home.  She 
^^^^HK  %^     is     president     of     the 

P^IIIIIHb,  Northwestern    hospital 

for  women  and  chil- 
dren;  and  is  national  vice-president  and 
state  president  in  the  Non-partisan  woman's 
cliristian  temperance  union.  She  is  chair- 
man of  the  police  matron  joint  committee; 
and  in  1892  was  elected  to  the  presidency 
of  the  woman's  counsel,  which  is  a  delegate 
association  representing  all  the  organized 
woman's  work  of  INIinneapolis. 

Walker,  Henderson,  lawyer,  jurist,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  1660.  He  was  a  law- 
yer, judge  of  the  supreme  court,  and  presi- 
dent of  the  council ;  and  introduced  im- 
portant reforms  in  the  judiciaxy.  He  was 
governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1699-1704. 
He  died  April  14,  1704,  in  Edenton,  N.C. 

Walker,  Henry  Oliver,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  May  14,  1843,  in  Boston,  Mass.  Most 
of  his  pictures,  are  compositions  of  figures. 
He  has  jjainted  decorative  pictures  in  the 
library  of  congress  and  other  buildings.  He 
is    a    national    academician. 

Walker,  Horatio,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
in  1858  in  Canada.  He  has  received  medals 
from  the  American  art  gallery  and  from  the 
Columbian  and  Paris  expositions.  He  is  a 
national    academician. 

WalKer,  Isaac  P.,  I'nited  States  senator. 
was    born    in    1813    in    N'irginia.      He   was   a 


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575 


piesidentiar  elector  in  1841.  In  1847-55  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  Wisconsin. 
He  died  April  1,  1872.  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Walker,  Ivan  U.,  soldier,  was  born  in  1839, 
in  liush  county,  lud.  He  served  from  cap- 
tain to  colonel  during  the  civil  war;  and 
was  one  of  the  prisoners  who  escaped 
through  the  tunnel  from  Libby  prison.  He 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general.  In  1895- 
96  he  was  commander-in-chief  of  the  grand 
army  of  the  republic.  He  was  stale  tax 
commissioner  of  Indiana ;  and  president 
board  of  control  state  soldiers'  and  sailors' 
monument.     He  died  in  1905  in  Indiana. 

Walker,  James,  clergyman,  college  presi- 
dent, auihor.  was  bom  Aug.  16,  1794,  in 
Burlington,  Mass.  In  1818-38  he  was  a 
unitarian  clergyman  of  Charlescowu,  Mass. ; 
and  president  of  Harvard  university  in  1853- 
60.  He  was  the  author  cf  Lectures  on 
Natural  Religion  ;  Lectures  on  the  Philoso- 
phy of  Religion;  Sermons  Preached  in  the 
College  Chapel ;  and  Discourses.  He  died 
Dec.  23,  1874,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Walker,  James  Alexander,  soldier,  law- 
yer, lieutenant-governor,  congressman,  was 
born  Aug.  27,  1832,  in  Augusta  county,  Va. 
He  entered  the  confederate  army  in  1861 ; 
was  promoted  to  colonel  of  the  thirteenth 
Virginia  infantry  in  1862;  and  in  1863  was 
promoted  to  brigadier-general.  He  was  elect- 
ed commonwealth's  attorney  for  Pulaski 
county  in  1860 ;  represented  Pulaski  county 
in  the  house  of  delegates  of  Virginia  in  1871- 
72;  and  was  elected  lioutenant-governor  of- 
Vhginia  in  1877.  In  1895-99  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  hfty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Oct. 
:jO.  1901.  in  Wytlieville,  Va. 

Walker,  james  Barr,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  July  29,  1805,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of  Ohio 
and  Illinois.  He  was  the  author  of  Phil- 
osophy of  the  Plan  of  Salvation  ;  Poetry  of 
Reason  and  Conscience ;  Pioneer  Life  in  the 
West ;  God  Revealed  in  Nature  and  in 
'  (KODliy  of  Skepticism  and  Ul- 
traism ;  The  Divine  Operation  in  the  Re- 
demption of  Man;  Living  Questions  of  the 
\>_'c;  Doctrine  of  the  Holy  Spirit;  and 
Poems.  He  died  March  6,  1887,  in  Wheaton. 
111. 

Walker,  James  Baynes,  jiliysician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Deo.  15,  1846,  in  Mont- 
gomery county.  Pa.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Kriciids'  cciilral  scliooi  ;  and  in  1872  grad- 
untcd  from  the  university  of  Pennsylvania. 
In  1879-90  he  was  professor  of  the  practice 
of  medicine  at  tiie  Woman's  medical  col- 
lege of  Pennsylvania.  In  1884-94  he  was 
])resideiit  of  the  Northern  medical  associa- 
tion; in  1894  was  also  president  of  the 
American  climatological  association;  and  is 
a  member  of  the  leading  medical  and  scien- 
tific associations  of  America.  For  seven- 
teen years  he  has  been  visting  physician  to 
the  Philadelphia  hospital  for  eleven  years 
to   the  Woman's   hosi)itai  ;   and   is  now  con- 


sulting  physician   to   the   West  Philadelphia 
hosiiital    for    women    and    children. 

Walker,  James  Bradford  Richmond,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  April  15.  1821,  in 
Taunton,  Mass.  He  was  a  congregational 
clergyman  of  Massachusetts  and  Connecti- 
cut. He  is  the  author  of  Comprehensive  Con- 
cordance to  the  Holy  Scriptures.  He  died 
in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Walker,  James  David,  soldier,  lawyer, 
I'niti'd  Stales  senator,  was  born  Dec.  13, 
1830.  in  Logan  county,  Ky.  He  was  edu- 
cated In  the  common  schools  ;  and  in  Ozark 
institute  of  Arkansas.  He  served  in  the 
confederate  army  as  a  colonel.  He  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1876 ;  and  served  as 
solicitor-general  for  the  state  of  Arkansas. 
In  1879-85  he  was  United  States  senator 
from   Arkansas. 

Walker,  James  Murdock,  lawyer,  author, 
was  horn  Jan.  10,  1813,  In  Charleston.  S.C. 
He  was  a  South  Carolina  lawyer ;  and  served 
several  terms  in  the  legislature.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Theory  of  Common  Law  ; 
Tract  on  Government ;  The  State  versus 
Bank  of  South  Carolina;  and  Roman  Juris- 
prudence in  the  Law  of  Real  Estate.  He 
died   Sept.  18.  1854.   in  Cliarleston,  S.C. 

Walker,  James  Perkins,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1829  in  Portsmouth,  N.H. 
He  wa'J  a  member  of  the  publishing-house 
of  Walker  Wise  &  Company  of  Boston.  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  Faith  and  Patience,  a 
story  for  boys ;  Book  of  Raphael's  Madon- 
nas;  and  Sunny-Eyed  Tim.  He  died  May 
10.  18C8.  in   Boston,  Mass. 

Walker,  James  Peter,  congressman,  was 
born  March  14.  1851,  in  Lauderdale  county, 
Tenn.  In  1887-89  he  was  a  representative 
from  Missouri  to  the  fiftieth  congress  as  a 
democrat.  He  died  July  19,  1890,  in  Dex- 
ter.  :Mo. 

Walker,  James  Wilson  Grimes,  civil  engi- 
neer, author,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1868,  in 
Salem,  Mass.,  Hs  was  educated  in  St.  Paul's 

school  of  Concord, 
N.H. ;  at  the  Massa- 
chusetts institute  of 
technology  ;  and  stud- 
led  several  years  in 
foreign  countries.  In 
1890-97  he  was  em- 
ployed upon  general 
engineering  work, 
bridge  construction, 
and  railway  location, 
construction  and 
management;  in  1898 
was  in  charge  of  sur- 
veys made  by  the  Nicaragua  canal  commis- 
sion between  Lake  Nicaragua  and  the  Pa- 
cific ocean  ;  and  in  1898  was  commissioner 
civil  eniiineer  of  the  United  States  navy. 
He  is  the  author  of  Ocean  to  Ocean,  an 
Account.  Personal  and  Historical  of  Nica- 
ragua   and    Its   People. 

Walker,  Jesse,  clergyman,  missionary,  was 
horn    aliciut    1760    in    North    Carolina.      He 


576 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


became  presiding  elder  of  tlie  Illinois  dis- 
trict in  1812  ;  conference  missionary  in  1819  ; 
and  in  1820  built  tlie  first  metliodist  episco- 
pal clnirch  and  iormed  the  first  methodist 
episcopal  congregation  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He 
died  Oct.   5,   1835,   in  Cook  county,   111. 

Walker,  John,  United  States  senator,  was 
born  Feb.  13,  1744,  in  Castle  Hill,  Va.  In 
1789-91  he  was  United  States  senator  from 
Virginia.  He  died  Dec.  2,  1809,  in  Orange 
county,  Va. 

Walker,  John  Brisben,  journalist,  pub- 
lishei',  was  born  Sept.  10,  1847,  in  western 
IVnnsylvania.  In  1872  he  was  a  republi- 
can candidate  for  oongres-s.  In  1878-89  he 
was  an  alfalfa  farmer  in  Colorado.  In  1889 
he  founded  the  Cosmopolitan  iNIagazine  and 
is  now  editor  and  publisher.  In  1904  he 
founded  the  Twentieth  Century  Home ;  and 
in  1899  organized  the  Mobile  company  of 
America  and  built  extensive  factories  at 
I'hilipse    Manor    on    the    Hudson,    N.Y. 

Walker,  John  George,  soldier,  was  born 
July  22.  1822,  in  .Jefferson  City,  Mo.  After 
the  Mexican  war  he  served  with  his  regi- 
ment in  Oregon,  California,  Texas  and  New 
Mexico.  He  was  appointed  mayor  of  the 
corps  of  raxalry  in  the  confederate  states 
army  in  1861  ;  bi'igadier-general  in  1862 ; 
and  major-general  in  1862.  He  died  July 
20.   1893.   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Walker,  John  Grimes,  naval  ollicer.  was 
born  March  20.  1S35.  in  Hillsboro,  N.II. 
In  1850  he  was  appointed  from  Iowa  to  the 
United  States  naval  academy.  In  1858  he 
was  api)ointed  lieutenant ;  in  1866  was  com- 
missioned commander ;  in  1877  was  commis- 
sioned captain  ;  in  1889  became  commodore  ; 
and  in  1894  attained  the  rank  of  rear-ad- 
miral. In  1899-1904  he  was  president  of  the 
Isthmian  canal  eonnnission.  He  died  Sept. 
16.  1907,  in  York  Cliffs,  Maine. 

Walker,  John  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  IVnnsylvania.  He  was  appointed  district 
judge  of  the  United  States  court  for  the 
district  of  Pennsylvania.  He  died  in  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Walker,  John  Randall,  congressman,  law- 
yer, statesman,  was  born  Feb.  23,  1874,  near 
Blackshear.  Ga.  He  is  a  lawyer;  and  has 
been  a  member  of  the  stale  legislature.  In 
1913-15  he  was  a  representative  from  Georgia 
to  the  sixty-third  congress. 

Walker,  John  Caffrey,  lawyer,  and  jurist, 
was  born  May  17,  1849,  in  Nacogdoches, 
Texas.  He  graduated  from  tne  university 
of  Virginia.  For  many  years  he  held 
the  office  of  United  States  commissioner.  In 
1909  he  was  judge  of  the  tenth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Texas.  He  has  been  vice-president 
of  the  Brush  eleetric  and  power  company, 
and  is  a  director  of  the  Brush  electric  com- 
pany  and   the  (Jalveston  gas  company. 

Walker,  John  Williams,  legislator.  United 
States  seuattir,  was  born  in  1789  in  Vir- 
ginia. In  1810  he  settled  in  Huntsville. 
Ala. ;  and  was  several  times  elected  to  the 
legislatures  of  Mississippi  and  Alabama.  In 
1819-23   lie  was  Thiiled    States  senator  from 


Alabama.  He  died  April  23,  1823,  in  Hunts- 
ville, Ala. 

Walker,  Jonathan,  reformer,  was  born  in 
1799  on  Cape  Cod,  Mass.  For  five  years 
he  lectured  on  slavery  in  the  northern  and 
western  states.  Ho  removed  to  Michigan 
about  1850;  and  resided  near  Muskegon  un- 
til his  death.  He  was  the  subject  of  John 
G.  Whittier's  poem,  The  Man  with  the 
Branded  Hand.  He  died  May  1,  1878,  in 
^luskegon,   Mich. 

Walker,  Joseph,  governor.  He  was  the 
thirteenth  governor  of  Louisiana  in  1850-54. 
He  died  in  Louisiana. 

Walker,  Joseph  Burbeen,  agriculturist, 
legislator,  author,  was  born  in  1822  in  New 
Hami^shire.  He  has  been  a  trustee  and  lec- 
turer in  the  New  Hampshire  college  of 
agriculture;  and  represented  his  city  in  the 
legislatures  of  1866-67.  He  is  the  author  of 
Land  Drainage;  Forests  of  New  Hamp- 
shire; Prospective  Agriculture  in  New 
Hampshire;  Oats;  Rogers  the  Ranger;  and 
Birth  of  the  Federal  Constitution.  He  died 
in   New   Hampshire. 

Walker,  Joseph  Henry,  manufacturer, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  21,  1829,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  elected  a  trustee  of  the  People's  sav- 
ings bank  of  Worcester  in  1866.  He  was 
several  years  a  member  and  was  elected  pres- 
ident of  the  common  council  of  Worcester ; 
and  was  president  of  the  Worcester  board  of 
trade  for  several  years.  He  was  three  times 
elected  to  the  Massachusetts  legislature.  He. 
was  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  president  of 
the  board  of  trustees  of  Vs'^orcester  academy  ; 
of  Brown  university  ;  and  of  Newton  theo- 
logical institution.  In  1887-99  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fiftieth,  fifty-first,  fifty- 
second,  fifty-third,  fifly-fourth  and  fifty-fifth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Few  Facts  and  Suggestions  on 
Money,  Trade  and  Banking.  He  died  in 
1907  in  Worcester,  Mass. 

Walker,  Joseph  Marshall,  legislator,  gov- 
erniir,  wa^^  bci'O  b\  New  Orleans,  La.  He 
served  in  the  s^.at*'  legislature  of  Louisiana, 
both  as  representative  and  state  senator ; 
and  in  1846  was  estate  treasurer.  In  1850 
he  was  inaugurate'!  eo\ernnr  of  Louisiana. 
He  died   Jan.  26,   l^oQ.  iu  Louisiana. 

Walker,  Joseph  Reddeford,  traveler,  was 
born  Oct.  13,  1798.  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.  He 
was  guide  to  Bonncviirs  expedition  to  the 
Ifocky  mountains  in  1832;  and  conducted 
the  iiarty  from  (ireat  Salt  Lake  to  Califor- 
nia, which  discovered  the  beautiful  Yose- 
raite  valley.  Walker's  rivei',  lake  and  pass, 
discovered  by  this  expiHlition,  were  named 
for  liim.  He  died  Oct.  27.  1876,  in  Ignacio 
Valley.  Cal. 

Walker,  Mrs.  Katherine  Kent,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  about  1840  in  Piltsford,  Vt. 
She  is  l)est  known  by  a  famous  paper  in  the 
Atlantic  ^lontlily  on  The  Total  Dejiravity 
of  Inanimate  Tilings.  She  is  the  author  of 
Bible  Stories  for  the  Young ;  Life  of 
Christ ;  and  From  the  Crib  to  the  Cross. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


577 


Walker,  Leroy  Pope,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  legislator,  was  born  July  8,  1817, 
near  Iluutsville.  Ala.  lie  was  speakei  o£ 
the  Alabama  house  of  representatives  in 
1847-50  ;  and  served  as  judge  of  the  slate  cir- 
cuit court  in  1850-53.  He  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general  in  the  confederate  army, 
but  resigned  in  1862.  He  died  Aug.  22,  1884, 
in    Iluutsville,    Ala. 

Walker,  Lewis  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  legisla- 
tor, was  burn  Dec.  4,  1837,  lu  Wilmington, 
Ohio.  He  served  two  terms  as  a  member  of 
the  Indiana  general  a.s.sembly ;  and  for 
twelve  years  was  judge  of  the  superior  court 
at  Indiaiuipoiis,   Ind. 

Walker,  Margaret  Coulson,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  'L'ylor  county.  W.Va.  She 
is  a  teacher  in  the  public  schools  of  Des 
Moines,  Iowa.  She  is  the  author  of  Our 
Birds  and  Their  Nestlings;  and  Birdland 
Fancies. 

Walker,  Mary  E.,  army  surgeon,  physi- 
cian, founder,  author,  was  bom  Nov.  26, 
1832.  in  Oswego,  N.Y.  Upon  the  outbreak 
of  the  civil  war  she  entered  the  service  in 
her  piofessional  capacity ;  and  became  the 
first  woman  in  the  world  to  hold  a  commis- 
sion as  an  assistant  anny  surgeon.  She  was 
also  the  first  woman  ever  exchanged  as  a  pris- 
oner of  war  for  a  man  of  her  rank  in  the 
service.  She  originated  the  postal  card  re- 
ceipt for  registered  letters ;  and  secured  the 
passage  of  the  law  permitting  senders  to 
place  their  names  and  addresses  on  tiie  wrap- 
per. She  founded  a  private  hospital  fur 
consum])tives  at  Oswego,  N.Y.  She  has 
made  several  discoveries  in  science.  She  is 
the  autlior  of  Hit  and   Unmasked. 

Walker,  Mrs.  Mary  Spring,  litterateur,  au- 
thor. Slic  is  the  nutlH)r  of  'Hie  Family  Doc- 
tor, or  Mrs.  Barry  and  Her  Bourbon  ;  Kev. 
Dr.  Willoughby  and  His  Wine ;  Both  Sides 
of  the  Stri'ct ;  Down  in  a  ■Saloon  ;  and  White 
Iiobos. 

Walker,  Mrs.  Meribah  E.  Williams,  edu- 
cator, lecturer,  author,  was  born  June  2. 
1841,  in  (ienessee  county,  Mich.  She  taught 
in  public  schools  for  twenty  years  in  Mich- 
igan and  Illinois;  and  subsequently  be- 
came a  teacher  and  expounder  of  direcl 
legislation.  She  is  the  author  of  a  volume 
enlitlrrl    I>ini-i    I.c^islation. 

Walker,  Moses  B.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Oliii).  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the  twelfth 
regiment  Ohio  infantry;  and  in  1865  wa.-^ 
brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  Dec.  17,  1895.  in  Ken- 
ton. Ohio. 

Walker,  Peleg  H.,  soldier,  educator,  trus- 
It'f.  was  born  in  F.rooklyn.  Conn.  He  was 
educated  at  West  Killingly  academy  of  Con- 
necticut: and  at  the  Illinois  state  normal 
school  at  Blooniington.  He  is  a  successful 
ediK-ator,  and  for  the  past  twenty-five  years 
has  been  sui)erinteu(lenl  of  the  Uocliford 
city  schools  of  Illinois.  He  served  three 
years  in  the  civil  war;  became  lieutenant; 
and  was  connnander  of  his  comi)any  for  one 
year.     He  has  been  president  of  the  Illinois 


state,  teacher's  association  ;  and  since  1883 
has  been  a  meudjcr  of  the  Illinois  state  board 
of  education.  Since  18S3  he  has  been  a 
member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  state 
normal  university  of  Illinois. 

Walker,  Percy,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  lc:;islatur.  congressman,  was  born  near 
Iluutsville,  Ala.  He  served  as  an  officer  in 
a  volunteer  comi)any  during  the  Creek  war. 
He  was  states'  attorney  for  the  sixth  judicial 
circuit  for  four  years.  In  1839,  1847  and 
1853  he  repi-eseuted  Mobile  county  in  the 
general  assembly.  In  1855-57  he  "was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Alabama  to  the  thirt.v- 
fourth  congress.     He  died  in  Mobile,  Aia. 

Walker,  Piatt  Dickinson,  laAvyer,  jurist, 
statesman,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1849,  in  Wil- 
mington, N.C.  He  was  educated  at  the  uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  and  the  univeisity 
of  Virginia,  and  has  received  the  degrees  of 
LL.B.  and  LL.D.  In  1870  he  began  the 
jiractice  of  law  in  Rockingham,  N.C. ;  and 
from  1876  in  Charlotte,  N.C.  In  1874-75  he 
was  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina  state 
legislature;  and  in  1899  was  vice-president 
of  the  North  Carolina  bar  association.  Since 
1902  ho  has  been  associate-justice  of  the 
state  supreme   court   of   North   Carolina. 

Walker,  Reuben  Eugene,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Feb.  15,  1851.  in  Lowell,  Mass. 
He  practiced  law  until  1901  when  he  became 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Hamp- 
shire. 

Walker,  Reuben  Lindsay,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  was  born  May  29,  1827,  in  Albe- 
marle county,  Va.  He  was  employed  as  a 
civil  engineer  on  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio 
railroad.  He  was  commissioned  captain  of 
artillery  of  the  A'irginia  state  forces  in 
1861  ;  and  was  appointed  colonel  in  the 
provisional  anny  of  the  confederate  states 
in  1863;  and  brigadier-general  in  1865.  He 
died  Juno  7.   1890,  in   Fluvanna  county,   Va. 

Walker,  Richard  Flurnay,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, college  president,  was  born  Feb.  16, 
1868,  in  Chickasaw  county,  :Mi.ss.  He  re- 
•  eived  a  thorough  education;  and  in  1891 
graduated  from  the  state  normal  school  at 
Houston,  Miss.  In  1892  he  was  elected 
l)resident  of  the  Norville  collegiate  institute 
at  Creensbnrg  parish;  and  after  tilling  that 
position  for  three  sessions  he  resigned  to 
study  law.  In  1897  he  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  Tulane  university  of 
New  Orleans,  La.;  and  since  1897  has  prac- 
ticed law  in  Clinton.  La.  In  1897-98  he 
was  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  of 
that  city.  He  is  a  member  of  the  executive 
railroad  conuuission  ;  and  since  1904  has 
been  a  Uicmber  of  the  ^Mississippi  state  leg- 
islature. 

Walker,  Richard  Wilde,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  March  11,  1857.  in  Florence,  Ala. 
In  187S  le-  began  the  jn-actice  of  law  in 
Hnntsville.  Ala.  ;  and  in  1891-92  was  asso- 
ciate justice  of  tlu'  state  sujjreme  court  of 
.Mabania.  In  1903  he  was  ;i  member  of  the 
Alabama    stale    legislature. 


578 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Walker,  Robert  J.  C,  merchant,  lawyer, 
jouriialis  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  20, 
1838,  in  Chester  county,  Pa.  He  was  twice 
elected  a  member  of  the  Philadelphia  city 
council,  and  was  for  some  time  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  Saturday  Evening  Post 
newspaper.  In  1878  he  moved  to  Williams- 
port,  Pa.,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  and 
coal  business.  In  1881-83  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty- 
seventh  congress. 

Walker,  Robert  John,  lawyer,  governor, 
United  States  senator,  cabinet  officer,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  23.  1801,  in  Northum- 
berland. Pa.  In  1835-47  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Mississippi.  In  1S45-49 
he  was  secretary  of  the  treasury.  In  1857- 
58  he  was  governor  of  the  territory  of  Kan- 
sas. In  1863  he  went  to  Europe  and  nego- 
tiated bonds  of  the  government  to  the 
amount  of  two  himdred  aud  fifty  millions  of 
dollars.  He  was  the  author  of  Letters  on 
the  Finances  and  Ilesources  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  Nov.  11.  1869.  in  Washing- 
ton,  D.C. 

Walker,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  born  ni 
Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in 
the  first  regiment  Kansas  infantry  ;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  bi'igadier-general  oL"  vol- 
unteers.    He  died  Feb.  6,  1893. 

Walker,  Sears  Cook,  astronomer,  author, 
was  born  March  28.  1805,  in  Wilmington, 
Mass  In  1837  he  built  an  observatory  for 
the  Philadelphia  high  school.  In  1847-53  he 
had  charge  of  the  United  States  coast  sur- 
vey longitudinal  computations.  He  was  the 
author  of  Astronomical  and  Mathematical 
Papers  of  Values.  He  died  Jan.  30.  1853, 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Walker,  Thomas  Barlow,  businessman,  fin- 
ancier, philaiahropist.  art  connoisseur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  1,  1840.  in  Xenia.  Ohio. 

He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  and 
took  a  partial  course 
at  Baldwin  university 
at  Berea,  Ohio.  He 
engaged  as  a  travel- 
ing salesman,  chiefly 
in  Wisconsin  and  Io- 
wa, and  afterward  be- 
came connected  with 
a  go\'ernment  survey- 
ing party  for  three 
years.  He  was  on 
the  survey  of  the  St. 
Paul  and  Duluth  railway.  Avhere  he  gained 
a  knowlediie  of  the  forests  of  Minnesota 
wliich  li'il  him  to  embark  in  the  lumber  busi- 
ni'ss  with  iioad(iuarters  in  "Miimeapolis, 
^linii.  He  later  became  sole  proprietor,  the 
biTsiness  haxing  expanded  over  northern 
Minnesota  and  I>akota;  and  he  also  has  ex- 
tensive mill  and  limber  interests  on  the 
Pacific  coast.  He  has  a  mill  nt  St.  An- 
thony's I'alls  and  another  at  Grand  Fords, 
^[iii'i. :  mid  is  a  large  owner  of  real  estate 
in  Minneapolis  and  its  suburbs.  He  has 
been   a   constant   worker  for   the  public  wel- 


fare and  has  been  a  large  contributor  to 
the  ^Minneapolis  public  library  and  to  char- 
ities^  and  works  for  social  uplift  in  Min- 
neapolis, Minn.  He  is  president  of  the 
board  of  directors  of  the  Minneapolis  pub- 
lic library ;  and  president  of  the  ^lianeapo- 
lis  society  of  fine  arts,  which  has  profited 
greatly  by  his  efforts  and  experience.  H^- 
is  well  known  as  an  art  connoisseur  and 
bibliophile  and  his  private  gallery  contains 
many  choice  paintings,  bronzes,  marbles, 
and  other  works  of  art.  His  private  library 
contains  a  well-chosen  array  of  works  of 
reference,  literary  and  scientific  master- 
pieces. He  is  president  of  the  Minnesota 
academy  of  sciences,  an  institution  which 
he  has  been,  most  prominent  in  building  up 
during  many  years  past ;  and  is  president  of 
tlie  National  arts  club  of  New  York  City. 
Walker,  Thomas,  planter,  was  born  Jan. 
25,  1715.  in  Gloucester  county,  Va.  In  1750 
he  went  on  an  expedition  to  the  wesr ;  and 
was  probably  the  first  white  man  that  en- 
tered Kentucky,  preceding  Daniel  Boone  l»y 
thirteen  years.  His  hatchet  Axith  which  he 
marked  the  trees  that  divided  the  lands  that 
he  had  bought  from  the  Indians  was  dis- 
covered a  few  years  ago,  and  is  pi'eserved 
in  the  Louisville  museum.-  Walker  moun- 
tains in  southwestern  Virginia  are  named 
in  his  honor.  He  was  commissary-general  of 
Virginia  troops  under  George  Washington  in 
Braddock"s  army.  He  died  Nov.  9,  1794.  in 
Castle  Hill,  Va. 

Walker,  Thomas  McCormick,  soldier.  In 
1861  he  became  major  of  the  one  hundred 
and  eleventh  regiment  Pennsylvania  infan- 
try ;  was  made  lieutenant-colonel  in  1862 : 
and  became  colonel  in  1865.  In  1865  he  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  volunteers  for  meritorious  services ; 
and  resides  in  Erie,  Pa. 

Walker,  Timothy,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  June  26.  1737,  in  Concord, 
X.H.  He  was  a  member  of  the  fourth  and 
fifth  New  Hampshire  provincial  congresses; 
and  of  the  first  liouse  of  representatives  in 
1776  under  the  state  constitution.  For  twen- 
ty-three years  he  was  justice  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  for  Rockingham  county. 
He  died  :\Iay  5.  1822.  in  Concord.  N.H. 

Walker,  Timothy,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  1,  1806.  in  Wilminiiton.  Mass. 
He  moved  to  Ohio;  and  in  1842-43  was 
president-judge  of  Hamilton  county  court 
of  ( onnnon  pleas :  and  was  editor  of  the 
Western  Law  Journal.  He  was  tb.e  au- 
thor of  I-Clemcnts  of  Geometry :  and  Intro- 
duction to  American  Law.  He  died  Jan.  15, 
1856.   in   Cincinnati,   Ohio. 

Walker,  William,  adventurer,  author,  was 
born  May  8.  1824.  in  Xaslnille.  Tenn.  He 
was  a  famous  adventurer;  and  led  a  fili- 
bustering expedition  into  Nicaragua  in 
1855:  and  was  afterward  court-marshaled 
and  shot  by  the  authorities  of  Honduras.  Ho 
was  the  author  of  The  War  in  Nicaragua. 
He  died  Sept.  12.  1860.  in  Honduras. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


579 


Walker,  William  A.,  congicssman,  was 
born  in  New  Ihiuipshire.  In  1853-55  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the  thir- 
ty-third congress.  He  died  Dec.  18,  1861,  in 
New  York. 

Walker,  William  David,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  lioin  .liiiK'  29.  1839,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1883-96  he  was  protestant  episco- 
pal missionary  bish- 
op of  North  Dakota  ; 
and  in  1896  was 
transferred  to  west- 
ern New  York.  As 
bisliop  of  North  Da- 
kota he  distingnished 
liimself  by  his  attacli- 
ment  to  the  Indians, 
among  wliom  he  insti- 
tuted a  remarkably 
succcssfnl  evangeliz- 
ing work.  He  in- 
vented the  device  of 
the  cathedra!  car,  a  railway  carriage  fitted 
up  for  public  woiship,  by  means  of  wliii-h 
he  reached  many  scattered  hamlets  which 
would  otherwise  have  remained  without  pas- 
toral care.  In  1887  he  was  appointed  a 
member  of  the  United  States  board  of  In- 
dian   <(iininissi()H(  rs. 

Walker,  William  H.  T.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1816  in  Georgia.  He  was  brevetted  ma- 
jor in  the  United  States  army  for  gallant 
conduct  at  C'ontreras  and  Churulnisco ;  and 
lieutenant -colonel  for  Molino  del  Itey.  He 
died  .Tnly   20.   ISfil.   near  Decatur,  <Ja. 

Walker,  William  Hultz,  educator,  chemical 
engineer,  inventor,  was  born  April  7,  1869, 
in  I'ittsburgh.  Pa.  Since  1894  he  has  been 
professor  of  industrial  chemistry  in  the  Mas- 
sachusetts institute  of  tei'lniology  ;  and  since 
1905  has  lectui'ed  on  industrial  chemistry 
at  Harvard  university,  lie  has  invented  a 
metlmd  for  annealing  sterling  silver  without 
oxidation. 

Walker,  William  Johnson,  iiliilanthroi)ist, 
was  I'oni  .M:\r,li  1.5,  1790.  in  Chailestown, 
Mass.  Late  in  life  he  came  into  possession 
of  a  large  fortune,  of  which  he  j;ave  tn 
benevolent  objects  about  four  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars  during  his  lifetime;  and  l).v  his 
will  left  nearly  one  mdlion  dollars  to  insti- 
tutions of  learning.  He  died  April  2,  1865, 
in    \(  wport.   I'.I. 

Walker,  William  McCreary,  naval  oflicer, 
author,  w.as  born  Sept.  2,  1813,  in  r.altiniore. 
Md.  He  was  a  United  States  naval  otheer. 
He  was  the  author  of  Screw  Propulsion.  He 
died  Nov.  19.  1S;n6.  in   New  York  Tity. 

Walker,  William  S.,  naval  ollicer,  was 
born  Dee.  6.  1793,  in  New  llanipsiiire.  H" 
entered  the  navy  as  .i  midshipman  in  1S14  ; 
was  promoted  to  lieutenant  in  1825;  and  to 
master-connnanr'ant  in  1841.  He  wr.s  pl.-ned 
on  the  retired  list  ;  ami  promtded  to  com- 
modore in  1862.  He  tiled  .Nov.  24.  1S(i;^.  in 
I'osfon.   Mass. 

Walker,  Williston,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  .luiy  1.  1860.  in  Portland. 
Maine.      He   is  a   congiegational   elergynian  ; 


served   as   a   union 


was  professor  of  Germanic  and  western 
cluirch  history  in  Hartford  theological  sem- 
inary ;  and  since  1901  has  been  professor  of 
church  history  at  Yale  university.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Creeds  and  Platforms  of 
Congregationalism;  On  the  Increase  of 
Royal  I*ower  under  Philip  Augustus ;  a 
History  of  the  Congregational  Church  in  the 
United  States;  and  John  Calvin. 

Walkup,  Liberty,  artist,  inventor,  was 
born  .Inly  14,  1844.  in  Pine  Creek,  111.  He 
soldier  during  the  civil 
war.  He  is  a  success- 
ful inventor  of  art 
tools;  and  made  the 
first  air  brush  that 
was  a  success,  which 
has  revolutionized  pic- 
ture making  all  over 
the  world  opening 
new  metliods  and 
making  many  things 
possible  that  the  art- 
ist could  not  afford 
to  undertake  without 
-  ,-'^--.  this  tool.  He  is  presi- 
dent «#  •?■  Air  P>rush  manufacturing  com- 
jiany  of  Rockford,  111.  He  is  also  an  in- 
structor  in   tlie   fine  arts. 

Wall,  Annie  Carpenter,  litterateur,  poet, 
was  born  Sept.  19,  1859,  in  Richland  county. 
Wis.  She  is  the  author  of  a  book  of  poems 
entitled    Some    Scattered    Leaves. 

Wall,  Garret  Dorset,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, I'nited  States  senator,  was  born  March 
11).  1783,  in  .Middletown,  N.J.  He  command- 
ed a  volunteer  com- 
pany at  the  defense 
of  Sandy  Hook  in  the 
war  of  1812;  and  was 
(liKirtermaster-gencral 
of  the  state  in  1815- 
37.  In  1827  he  was 
elected  to  the  general 
assend)ly.  in  1829  he 
was  appointed  ITnit- 
iil  States  district  at- 
torney for  New  Jer- 
<vy.  In  18.35-41  he 
,  was      United      States 

senator.  In  1848-50  he  was  judge  of  the 
court  of  errors  and  appeals.  He  died  Nov. 
:'2.  lS.-)0.  ii,   I'.urlington,  N.J. 

Wall,  Garrett  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  soldier, 
state  senator,  was  born  .Inly  12.  1845.  in 
Hourbon  county,  Ky.  He  served  in  the  con- 
federate army;  and  was  promoted  to  cap- 
tain, lie  lias  been  county  attorney;  county 
nidge:    and    state    semitor. 

Wall,  Joseph  Baisden,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, jurist,  was  born  .Jan.  23,  1847,  in  Her- 
muido  county,  Fla.  He  attained  eminence 
as  a  brilliant  lawyer  of  Tampa,  Fla.;  was 
stale's  atloiney  of  tlie  sixth  circuit  of  Flor- 
ida; and  the  first  president  of  the  State 
bar  association.  In  1880  he  served  in  the 
Florida  state  senate:  and  was  jiresident  of 
thai  body.  Hi'  is  now  jiulge  of  the  criminal 
( ourt. 


580 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Wall,  James  Walter,  lawyer,  United 
States  senator,  author,  was  born  May  20, 
1820,    in    Trenton,    N.J.      In    1850    he    was 

elected  mayor  of  Bur- 
lington; and  in  1854 
visited  Europe.  He 
was  the  author  of 
Foreign  Etchings,  or 
Visits  to  the  Old 
World's  Pleasant 
Places.  During  the 
early  part  of  the  civil 
war  he  wrote  against 
the  administration  in 
power  for  interfering 
with  the  freedom  of 
the  press.  In  1861-63 
lie  was  United  States  senator  from  New 
Jersey  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  died  June  9, 
1872,   in   Elizabeth,  N.J. 

Wall,  Oscar  Garrett,  journalist,  banker, 
poet.  He  served  as  a  soldier  in  the  Union 
army.  He  subsequently  was  engaged  in 
banking.  He  is  the  author  of  a  vohime 
of   poems   entitled   Sunny  Nooks. 

Wall,  William,  manufacturer,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  20,  1801,  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  In  1861-63  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  New  York  to  the  thirty-seventli 
congress.  He  died  April  20,  1872,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y. 

Wallace,  Alexander  S.,  planter,  magistrate, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec. 
30,  1810,  in  York  county,  S.C.  He  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  South  Carolina 
legislature  in  1852  as  a  Union  candidate,  in 
opposition  to  all  secession  movements;  and 
was  again  elected  in  1865.  He  was  appoint- 
ed internal  revenue  collector  in  1866.  In 
1869-77  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
forty-first,  forty-second,  forty-third  and 
forty-fourth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died  June  28,   1893,   in   Y^orkville,   S.C. 

Wallace,  Andrew,  lawyer,  legislator,  poet, 
was  born  in  1782,  in  Milford,  N.H.  He 
served  as  a  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
and  was  a  delegate  in  the  state  convention 
of  1S.50.     He  died  in   1856. 

Wallace,  Charles  William,  educator,  au- 
llior.  was  born  Feb.  6,  1865,  in  Hopkins,  Mo. 
He  is  professor  of  English  literature  in 
the  university  of  Nebraska.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Children  of  the  Chapel  at 
Black    Friars. 

Wallace,  Daniel,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Union  county,  S.C.  In  1847-53  he  was 
a  representative  from  South  Carolina  to 
the  thirtieth,  thirty-first  and  thirty-second 
congresses.  He  died  June  28,  1893,  in  Soutii 
Carolina. 

Wallace,  David,  educator,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  governor,  was 
born  April  4.  1799,  in  Lancaster,  Pa.  In 
1828  lie  was  a  nuMuber  of  the  Indiana  legis- 
lature; and  was  lieutenant-governor  of 
Indiana  in  1830-33;  and  was  the  fifth  gover- 
nor in  1837-40.  In  1841-43  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative; from  Indiana  to  the  twenty-sev- 
enth congress.    He  subsequently  was  prose- 


cuting attorney  for  the  state.  In  1856  he 
was  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  at  Indianapolis.  He  died  Sept.  5, 
1859,  in  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Wallace,  David  Alexander,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  June  16,  1826,  in 
Guernsey  countj^,  Ohio.  In  1846  he  gradu- 
ated from  Miami  university;  and  studied 
theology  at  Oxford  and  Allegheny.  He  filled 
})astorates  in  the  presbyterian  church  at 
Fall  River  and  East  Boston,  Mass.;  filled 
pastorates  at  Monmouth  and  Henderson, 
111.;  and  in  1878-83  filled  a  pastorate  at 
Wooster,  Ohio.  In  1846-49  he  was  presi- 
dent of  Muskingum  college;  and  in  1856-78 
was  president  of  Monmouth  college.  In 
1864  he  was  moderator  of  the  general  as- 
sembly of  the  United  presbyterian  church. 
He  was  considered  a  magnificent  orator  and 
magnetic  preacher.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Theology  of  New  England;  The  Bible, 
a  college  text-book;  and  numerous  Ad- 
dresses and  Church  Papers.  He  died  Oct. 
21,  1883.  in  Wooster,  Ohio. 

Wallace,  David  Duncan,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  23.  1874,  in  Columbia,  S.C. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  male  acad- 
emy of  Newberry,  S. 
C,4^:in  1894  graduated 
from  Wofl'ord  college; 
and  did  post  graduate 
work  in  Vanderbilt 
university.  He  baa 
made  a  special  study 
of  manuscript  records 
of  South  Carolina  his- 
tory. He  is  professor 
of  history  and  econo- 
mics in  WofTord  col- 
lege of  Spartanburg, 
__^^  S.C.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Constitutional  History  of  South  Car- 
olina; Arrival  gf  the  Tea;  and  the  Origin 
of  the  Extra-Legal  Organs  of  Revolution  in 
South  Carolina;  and  Civil  Government  of 
South  Carolina  and  the  United  States. 

Wallace,  Dillon,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
June  24,  18()3,  in  Craigsville,  N.Y.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Ridgebiu-y, 

N.Y. ;  and  received 
the  degree  of  LL.B. 
from  the  New  York 
law  school.  In  1897 
he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law; 
but  abandoned  his 
jirofession  in  1906.  In 
1903-04  he  was  a 
member  of  Leonidas 
Hubbard's  exploring 
expedition  to  Labra- 
dor; and  in  1905  con- 
ducted an  expedition 
to  Labrador.  He  is  a  fellow  of  the  Ameri- 
can geographical  society;  and  a  member  of 
the  National  geographical  society.  He  is 
ihe  author  of  The  Lure  of  the  Labrador 
Wild:  The  Long  Labrador  Trail;  ar.d  Be- 
yond the  Mexican  Sierras. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


581 


association    of    New 


Wallace,  Edwin  Sherman,  clergyman,  Icc- 
tuiiT.  autlior,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1864,  in 
Butler  county,  Pa.  In  1888  he  became  pas- 
tor of  the  presbyterian  churcli  at  Aberdeen, 
S.D.  In  1893-98'  he  was  United  States  con- 
sul to  Palestine;  and  since  1899  has  been 
pastor  of  the  first  presbyterian  church  at 
Groensburg,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Je- 
rusalem  the  Holy. 

Wallace,  George  Wentworth,  lawyer,  was 
born  April  1(1.  1847,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  He 
was  (Mlu.ntiMl  in  the  public  and  high  schools 

of  Albany,  N.Y.;  and 
in   1869   graduated   in 


bia  college  of  New 
York  City.  He  began 
the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  the  ofTice 
of  ]Mr.  Choate;  and 
has  conducted  many 
important  cases  iden- 
tified with  the  history 
of  New  Y^'ork  City. 
For  two  terms  he  was 
secretary  for  tlie  bar 
York. 
Wallace,  Horace  Binney,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  26.  1817,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa. 
He  was  a  lawyer  and  writer  of  Philadel- 
phia. He  was  the  author  'of  Literary 
Criticisms;  and  Art  and  Scenery  in  Europe. 
He  died   Dec.   16.   1856,  in  Paris.  France. 

Wallace,  James,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Dauiihin  county,  Pa.  In  1815-21  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
fourteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  congress- 
es.    He   died   in   Pennsylvania. 

Wallace,  James,  educator,  author,  was 
l)orii  March  12,  1800,  in  Wooster,  Oliio.  Iti 
18S1-S7  lie  was  professor  of  Greek  and  Ger- 
man in  Macalester  college  of  St.  Paul, 
Minn.;  dean  of  tluit  institution  in  1891-94, 
and  its  president  in  189.5-1907  and  is  now 
vice-president  and  a  professor  of  biblical 
stuilii's.  lie  is  the  author  of  a  work  en- 
tit  Ird    Xenoijlion's   Anabasis. 

Wallace,  James  Goodwin,  surgeon,  lawyer, 
was  born  .Mine  24.  18.'56,  in  South  Carolina. 
He  was  (■(lucatcd  in  tlie  Furman  university 

of  So\itli  Carolina, 
and  attended  the  Na- 
tional medical  college 
(if  Washington,  D.C. 
During  the  civil  war 
he  was  lield  surgeon 
in  the  confederate 
army.  He  is  surgeon 
of  the  F.  C.  and  P. 
1\.  R.,  Tampa  division, 
and  has  pei-formed 
more  critical,  exten- 
sive and  successful 
s  u  r  g  i  cal  operations 
tlian  any  surgeon  in  the  state  of  Florida, 
lie  resides  in  Dade  C'ity,  has  been  secretary 
and  treasurer  of  the  medical  association  of 
Pasco  county.  Fla.;  and  chairman  of  the 
board  of  county  commissioners.     He  stands 


high  in  nu\sonry;  is  a  noted  lawyer  and  a 
member  of  the  supreme  court  bar  of  Florida. 
Wallace,  John  Bradford,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  17,  1778,  in  Somerset  county, 
N.J.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  Philadelphia.  He 
was  the  author  of  Remarks  on  the  Law 
of  Pailment;  and  Reports  of  Cases  of  the 
Tiiird  Circuit  Court.  He  died  Jan.  7,  1837,  in 
P]iiladel|)hia.  Pa. 

Wallace,  John  Findley,  civil  engineer,  was 
born  in  Fall  River,  Mass.  He  has  been 
ri'sident  engineer,  chief  engineer  and  general 
manager  of  the  Illinois  Central  railroad; 
and  in  1904-05  was  chief  engineer  of  the 
Panama  canal.  Since  1906  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Electric  properties  com- 
pany; and  chairman  of  the  board  of  di- 
rectors and  president  of  Westinghousc, 
Church,  Kerr  and  company,  engineers  and 
constructors  of  New  York  City.  He  has 
been  president  of  the  American  society  of 
civil  engineers. 

Wallace,  John  W.,  physician,  congressman, 
was  born  Dec.  20,  1818,  in  Beaver  Falls, 
Pa.  In  1801-63  and  1875-77  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  thirty- 
.seventh  and  forty-fourth  congresses  as  a 
republican.  In  1863  he  was  appointed  pay- 
master in  tlie  army,  and  served  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  and  in  1870  was  a  presi- 
dential elector.  He  died  in  New  Castle,  Pa. 
Wallace,  John  William,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  17,  1815.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was 
a  master  in  chancery  of  the  Pennsylvania 
supreme  court;  and  in  1863-70  was  reporter 
of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United  States. 
He  was  tlie  author  of  The  Reporters,  Chron- 
ologically Arranged;  Cases  in  the  Circuit 
Court  of  the  United  States  for  the  Third 
Circuit;  Cases  Argued  and  Adjudged  in  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States;  and 
An  Old  Philadelphian:  Colonel  William 
Bradford,  tlie  Patriot  Printer  of  1776.  He 
died   Jan.    12,    1884,   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wallace,  Jonathan  H.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Oct.  31,  1824,  in  Columbiana 
county,  Oliio.  He  was  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Columbiana  county,  and  was 
re-elected  in  1853.  In  1883-85  he  was  a 
representative  from  Ohio  to  the  forty-eighth 
congiess.  He  died  Oct.  29,  1892;  'in  New 
Lisbon.  Ohio. 

Wallace,  Joseph,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  30.  1834.  in  Carroll  county,  Ky.  In 
1858  lie  began  the  jjractice  of  law  in  Spring- 
Held.  ]\lass.  He  was  the  avithor  of  Biog- 
rajiliy  of  ('(doiicd  Edward  D.  Baker;  and 
History  of  Illinois  and  Louisiana  Under  the 
French  Rule.  He  died  in  1904,  in  Spring- 
(ield.    :\lass. 

Wallace,  Martin  Reuben  Merritt,  soldier, 
was  born  in  Ohio.  In  1861  he  was  captain 
in  the  fourth  regiment  Illinois  cavalry;  and 
in  1S65  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.      He    died    "March    6.    1902. 

Wallace,  Minor,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  6,  1857,  in  New 
London.  Ark.  Since  1877  he  has  practiced 
law  in  ^Magnolia,  Ark.;   and  in  1881  was  a 


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'    ^tM 

^ " 

P 

^k 

r 

1^ 

member  of  the  Arkansas  state  legislature. 
In  1903-11  he  was  a  representative  from 
Arkansas  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth, 
sixtieth  and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a 
deniociat. 

Wallace,  Lewis,  soldier,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
governor,  author,  was  born  April  10,  1827. 
in    Brockville,    Ind.      He    served    one    terra 

as  a  state  senator; 
and  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  civil  war  was 
appointed  adjutant- 
general  of  Indiana.  In 
1861  he  was  commis- 
sioned a  brigadier- 
general;  and  in  1862 
was  promoted  to  ma- 
jor-general for  con- 
spicuous gallantry  at 
the  capture  of  Fort 
Donelson.  He  was 
United  States  minis- 
ter to  Paraguay.  He  Avas  governor  of  the 
territory  of  New  Mexico  in  1878-81;  and  in 
1882-85  was  United  States  minister  to  Tur- 
key. He  was  the  autlior  of  Ben  Hur,  a  Tale 
of  the  Christ,  wliieli  has  been  extremely 
popular;  Tlie  Fair  Ciod,  an  Aztec  Story; 
The  Prince  of  India;  The  Boyhood  of  Christ; 
Life  of  General  Benjamin  Harrison;  and 
The  Wooing  of  Malkatoon.  He  died  Feb. 
15.    1905,    in    Crawfordsville,    Ind. 

Wallace,  Nathaniel  Dick,  manufacturer, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  27,  1845,  in 
Columbia,  Tenn.  He  has  been  elected  twice 
as  president  of  the  New  Orleans  produce 
oxcliange;  and  is  president  of  two  large 
factories  in  New  Orleans.  In  1885-87  he 
was  a  representative  from  Louisiana  to  the 
forty-ninth  congress. 

Wallace,  Robert  James,  artist,  author, 
was  Ixnn  Nov.  15,  1868,  in  Scotland.  lie 
is  a  noted  illustrator  and  designer;  and  in 
1S94-9S  was  art  editor  for  the  David  C. 
Cook  ])ul)lisliing  company  of  Elgin,  111.  Since 
1903  he  has  been  j)hoto-physicist  at  Yerkes 
observatory.  He  is  the  author  of  Color 
Photography;  aiul  More  About  Isochroma- 
tism. 

Wallace,  Robert  Minor,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  hoin  Aug.  6,  1857,  in  New  Lon- 
ilon.  Ark.  He  graduated  from  the  college 
of  Louisiana.  In  1877  he  was  admitted  to 
the  practice  of  law.  In  1800-92  he  was 
prosecuting  attorney;  and  in  1895 
United  States  attorney  at  Texarkana. 
1903-09  he  was  a  representative  from 
kansas  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth 
sixticfli    congresses    as    a    democrat. 

Wallace,  Robert  Moore,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, jurist,  was  born  May  2,  1847,  in  Hen- 
niker,  N.H.  He  practices  law  in  Mil  ford, 
N.II.  In  1877-78  he  was  a  member  of  the 
New  Hampshire  state  legislnture.  In  1893- 
1901  he  was  an  associate  justice;  and  since 
1901  has  !)een  chief  justice  of  the  state  su- 
];renie  coiiif  of  New  Hampshire. 

Wallace,  Rodney,  inannfacturer.  congress- 
man, was  born   Dec.  21,   1823,  in  New  Ips- 


was 

In 

Ar- 

and 


wich,  N.H.  He  was  representative  to  the 
general  court  of  Massachusetts  in  1873; 
was  councilor  of  state  of  Massachusetts  in 
]  880-82.  In  1889-91  he  was  a  representative 
to  tlie  fiftv-first  congress  as  a  republican. 
He  died  Feb.  27,  1903,  in  Fitchburg,  Mass. 

Wallace,  Rush  Richard,  naval  oflScer,  was 
born  Nov.  7,  1835,  in  Pond  Spring,  Tenn. 
He  was  appointed  to  the  navy  in  1852;  was 
lieutenant-commander  in  1862;  became  com- 
mander in  1870;  was  made  captain  in  1882; 
and  was  promoted  to  commodore  in  1894. 
He   was   retired   in   1897. 

Wallace,  Mrs.  Susan,  Arnold  Elston,  au- 
tlior, poet,  was  born  Dec.  24,  1830,  in  Craw- 
I'ordsville,  Ind.  She  was  the  wife  of  Gen- 
eral Lew  Wallace,  the  author  of  Ben  Hur. 
She  Avas  the  autlior  of  The  Storied  Sea; 
Ginevra,  a  Christmas  Storj^;  The  Land  of 
the  Pueblos;  and  The  Repose  in  Egypt; 
Along  the  Bosphorus.  She  died  in  1907,  in 
Crawfordsville.    Ind. 

Wallace,  William  A.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man. United  States  senator,  was  born  Nov. 
28,  1827,  in  Clearfield,  Pa.  In  1862  he  was 
elected  to  the  Pennsylvania  state  senate; 
and  served  by  re-elections  until  1871,  when 
he  was  made  speaker  of  that  body.  In 
1875-81  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
(lied  May  22.  1896,  in  New  York  City. 

Wallace,  William  Copeland,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  ^lay  21,  1856,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  He  was  assistant  United  States 
attorney  for  the  southern  district  of  New 
York  in  1880-83.  In  1889-91  he  Avas  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York;  was  elected 
to  the  fiftv-first  congress  as  a  republican. 
He  died  Sept.  4,  1901,  in  Ncav  York  City. 

Wallace,  William  Hari^ey  Lamb,  soldier, 
was  l)orn  July  8,  1S21,  in  Urbana,  Ohio. 
He    receJAed    a    thorough    education    in    the 

public      schools      and 
r  .^^t^  academies.    He  moved 

to  Illinois  and  prac- 
ticed laAV  until  1846. 
He  then  volunteered 
as  a  private  in  tlie 
]\I  e  X  i  c  a  n  war.  He 
served  in  the  civil 
Avar:  and  Avas  made  a 
brigadier-general  o  f 
volunteers.  He  was 
engaged  in  the  battles 
of  Fort  Henry  and 
Fort  Donelson ;  and 
f,ubsequently  served  Avith  distinction  on  the 
field  of  Shiloh.  He  Avas  killed  in  battle 
April   10,  1862.  in  Savannah,  Tenn. 

Wallace,  William  H.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, goveiiK)r,  was  born  -Inly  17,  1811, 
in  i\Iiami  county,  Ohio.  He  Avas  elected 
to  the  state  legislature  of  loAva;  and  served 
as  speaker  and  also  as  president  of  the  state 
council.  He  removed  to  Washington  terri- 
tory in  1853;  and  served  several  sessions 
in  the  territorial  legislature.  In  1861  he 
Avas  governor  of  Washington  territory;  in 
lS(i3-64  Avas  gOAcrnor  of  the  territory  of 
Idaho;   and  in   1861-65  he  Avas  a  territorial 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


5S3 


delegjite  from  Idaho  to  the  thirty-seventh 
and  thirty-eighth  congresses.  He  died  in 
hhiho. 

Wallace,  William  James,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  April  14.  1837,  in  Syracuse,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  by  private  tutors;  and 
graduated  from  Hamilton  colllege.  He  be- 
gan the  practice  of  law  in  ISoS;  in  1873-74 
was  mayor  of  Syracuse,  N.Y.  In  1872-82 
he  was  United  States  district  judge  for 
tlie  northern  district  of  Xe\v  York;  and  in 
1882-1!»07  was  United  States  circuit  judge 
for    the    second    judicial    district. 

Walla€e,  William  Miller,  soldier,  was 
born  Jan.  !».  1844,  in  Wisconsin.  In  1864  he 
Avas  commissioned  lirst  lieutenant;  iu  1866 
lie  was  appointed  from  New  York  to  the 
eiglith  United  States  infantry;  and  in 
1906  he  was  retired  at  his  own  request  with 
the    rank    of    brigadier-general. 

Wallace,  William  Ross,  lawyer,  poet,  was 
born  in  1819,  in  Lexington,  Ky.  He  was 
u  lawyer  and  poet  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Perdita;  Alban;  and 
.Meditations  in  America,  and  Other  Poems. 
The  Uibertv  Bell  is  his  best-known  poem. 
tie   died   :May   .5.    1881,   in   New    York  City. 

Wallace,  William  T.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1872-80  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
eoiut  of  California. 

Wallace,  William  Vincent,  composer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  1,  1814,  in  Ireland.  He 
was  the  author  of  Maritana;  Matilda  of 
Hungary;  Lurline;  The  Amber  \Vitch;  The 
IJesert  Flower;  Culmare  and  Olga;  and 
Maid  of  Zurich.  He  died  Oct.  12,  186."),  in 
Fraiiee. 

Wallack,  James  William,  actor,  was  born 
Aug.  24,  1794,  in  England.  For  about  twen- 
ty-five years  his  attention  was  divided  be- 
tween the  theatres  of  the  United  States  and 
those  of  his  native  land.  In  1861  he  es- 
tablished Wallack's  theatre  in  New  York 
City,  lie  died  Dec.  25,  1864,  in  New  York 
City. 

Wallack,  John  Lester,  dramatist,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  I,  1820,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  noted  comedian  and  dramatist  of 
New  York  Citj'.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Veteran;  and  Rosedale.  He  died  Sept.  0, 
1888.  in   Stamford.  Conn. 

Wallber,  Emil,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  (leniiaiiy.  lie  was  a  noted  lawyer  and 
jurist  of  ^iilwaukee,  Wis.;  and  served  that 
litv  as  in:!y(ir  in  1SS4-88. 

Wallen,  Henry  Davies,  soldier,  was  born 
April  19,  1819.  in  Savannah,  Ga.  He  served 
in  the  Florida,  Te.xas  a!id  civil  wars;  and 
attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  Hi- 
r(tirid  from  active  service  in  1874.  He 
(lie.l    Dec.  2,   1886,  in   New   York  City. 

Waller,  Elwyn.  chemist,  aulhor.  was  born 
Manli  22.  1846.  in  New  York  City.  He  has 
been  an  instructor  and  professcjr  of  analyti- 
cal chemistry  in  various  institutions;  and 
is  an  analytical  and  consulting  chemist  of 
New  Yiuk  City.  He  has  published  numer- 
ous  works   on   that   science. 


WaUer,  Emma,  actress,  was  "born  In  1820, 
in  iMigland.  In  1858  she  made  her  first  ap- 
pearance on  the  New  York  stage  as  Mar- 
ina in  The  Dutchess  of  Malfi;  and  in  1862 
she  ai)peared  in  Edmund  Talcoer's  drama 
eiititk'd  The  Peep  0'  Day  Boys  in  New 
York  City.  She  died  March  24,  1899,  in 
New   York  City.* 

Waller,  Frank,  architect,  artist,  author, 
was  born  June  12,  1842,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  in  1875  of  the 
Art  students'  league;  of  which  he  was  also 
the  first  president;  and  for  which  he  wrote 
Report  on  Art  Schools.  In  1888  he  adopted 
architecture   as   a    profession. 

Waller,  John  Lightfoot,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1809,  in 
Woodford  county,  Ky.  In  1845  he  estab- 
lished in  Louisville,  the  Western  Baptist 
Review,  afterward  called  the  Christian  Re- 
positorv,  of  which  he  remained  editor  un 
til  his' death.  He  died  Oct.  10,  1854,  ii) 
Louisville,  Ky. 

Waller,  Thomas  McDonald,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  diplomat,  governor,  was  born  in 
1840,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  Connecticut  state  legisla- 
lature  in  1867-68,  1872  and  1876;  and  \vas 
speaker  of  the  house  during  the  latter  term. 
He  was  secretary  of  state  in  1870;  mayor  of 
New  London  in  1873;  and  was  state's  at- 
torney in  1876-83.  He  was  the  thirty-first 
governor  of  Connecticut.  In  1885-89  he  wa;^ 
United  States  consul-general  to  London. 

Walley,  John,  soldier,  founder,  was  born 
in  1644,  in  London,  England.  He  Avas  one 
of  the  principal  founders  of  the  town  and 
church  of  Bristol;  became  a  member  of  the 
council  in  1687;  and  was  captain  of  the  An- 
cient and  honorable  artillery  of  Boston. 
His  journal  of  the  Canadian  expedition  is 
printed  in  Thomas  Hutchinson's  History  of 
:\Iassachusetts.  He  died  Jan.  11,  1712,  in 
Boston,  ^lass. 

Walley,  Samuel  H.,  lawyer  banker,  con 
gressman.  was  born  Aug.  31,  1805,  in  Boston. 
Mass.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts state  legislature  for  eight  sessions,  and 
speaker  of  the  house  for  two  years.  In 
1853-55  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
thirty-third  congress.  He  was  a  bank  com- 
missioner in  1858;  and  in  1859  became  pres- 
ident of  the  Revere  bank  of  Boston,  INIass. 
Me  died  -Aug.  27,  1877,  at  Nautasket  Beach, 
:\Iass. 

Walliban,  Allen  Grant,  photographer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  15,  1859,  in  Footville, 
Wis.  Since  1889  he  has  been  engaged  in 
|)hotograi)hv.  He  is  co-author  with  his 
wife  of  Hoofs.  Claws  and  Antlers  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains:  and  Camera  Shots  at 
]?ig  fJame. 

Wallin,  Alfred,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Feb.  12.  1836.  in  Otsego  county,  N.Y.  In 
1868  he  was  county  attorney  of  Nicollet 
county.  Minn.  In  1889  he  was  elected  judge 
of  the  sui)renie  court  of  North  Dakota;  and 
in  1903  n-tired  as  chief  justice  of  that  court. 


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Wallin,  Samuel,  congressman,  manufac- 
turer, was  born  July  31,  1856,  in  Easton, 
Pa.  He  is  a  successful  manufacturer;  and 
lias  been  mayor  of  liis  city.  In  1913-15  he 
M'as  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the    sixty-third    congress. 

Walling,  Ansel  T.,  laAvyer,  journalist, 
state  senator,  governor,  congressman,  was 
born  Jan.  10,  1824,  in  Otsego  county,  N.Y. 
He  moved  to  Ohio  in  1843;  and  was  editor 
of  the  Mahoning  Index  and  Cosliocton 
Democrat,  and  for  a  time  of  the  Keokuk 
Uail}^  Times  in  Iowa.  In  1865  he  was  elected 
to  the  state  senate ;  and  in  1867  was  elect- 
ed to  the  state  assembly  and  made  speaker. 
In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-fourth  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  Jan.  23,  1896,  in  Circleville, 
Ohio. 

Walling,  Henry  Francis,  civil  engineer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  11,  1825,  in  Burrill- 
ville,  R.T.  In  1884  was  assigned  to  dutj^  in 
connection  with  the  geodetic  survey  of  ^Mas- 
sachusetts;  and  on  the  preparation  of  the 
state  maps.  It  was  said  that  to  him  more 
than  to  any  one  else  is  due  the  better  ap- 
preciation of  good  nuips,  which  is  now 
bearing  fruit  in  the  work  of  the  national 
survey.  He  died  April  8,  1888,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass. 

Wallis,  Severn  Teackle,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  8.  1816,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
He  was  educated  at  St.  Mary's  college  and 

in  1837  was  admitted 
■  to  the  practice  of  law. 

lie  was  provost  of  the 
university     of     Mary- 
land for  twenty  years. 
He    was    president    of 
the      Peabody      insti- 
tute; president  of  the 
Maryland       historical 
society;  and  president 
of  the  Athenaeum  club 
of  Baltimore  for  near- 
ly twenty  years.     He 
was  a  lawyer  of  Bal- 
and    the    author    of    Glimpses    of 
and    Spain:    Her   Institutions,    Poli- 
Men.     A   memorial  edition 
in   four  volumes   was   pub- 
He  died  April   11,  1894,  in 


timore, 

Spain ; 

tics   and    Public 
of   his   writings 
lished   in    1896. 
Baltimore,    Md. 

Walls,  Josiah  T.,  state  senator,  congress- 
man was  born  Dec.  30,  1842,  in  Winchester, 
Va.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia  state 
legislature  in  1868;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1S()9.  In  1871-77  lu> 
was  a  re|)resentati\e  to  the  forty-second, 
forty-third   and   forty-fourtli   congresses. 

Wain,  Robert,  merchant,  congressman,  au- 
thor, was  boin  Feb.  22,  1765,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  In  1797-1801  he  was  a  rejirescnta- 
tive  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  fifth  and 
sixth  congresses.  He  was  the  author  of  An- 
swer to  the  Anti-Protection  Report  of  Hen- 
ry Lee;  and  Seven  Letters  to  Elias  Hicks, 
widelv  read  at  tlie  time  of  their  api)earance. 
He  (lied   .laii.  24,   1836,   in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Wain,  Robert,  author,  poet,  was .  born 
Oct.  25,  1794,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  Avas 
the  author  of  The  Hermit  in  America ; 
American  Bards,  a  satire;  Sisyphi  Opus, 
with  Other  Poems;  and  Life  of  Lafayette. 
He  died  July  4,  1825,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Walser,  George  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  poet, 
was  Ijorn  INIaj-  26.  1834,  iu  Dearborn  county. 
Ind.  In  1861  he  was  the  first  man  to  vol- 
unteer as  a  soldier 
and  was  elected  cap- 
tain of  company  I, 
twentieth  regiment  Il- 
linois volunteer  infan- 
try. He  is  the  author 
of  Poems  of  Leisure ; 
Floral  Tribute ;  and 
other   works. 


Walser,  Zeb  Vance,  lawyer,  legislator,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  17,  1863,  in  Davidson 
county,  X.C.     He  received  the  degree  of  A. 

B.  from  the  univer- 
sity of  North  Caroli- 
na ;  and  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  from  the  law 
^^^^^^^  school  of  the  univer- 
^^k^  Ij^l^^^l  sity  of  Michigan.  He 
*^  ^^^^^B  has  three  times  been 
a  member  of  the 
North  Carolina  state 
legislature ;  served  as 
a  state  senator,  and 
was  fleeted  speaker. 
In  1896-99  he  was  at- 
t  o  r  n  e  y  -  general  of 
North  Carolina,  reporting  eleven  volumes  of 
the  supreme  court  reports.  In  1900-05  he 
was  president  of  the  National  bank  of  Lex- 
ington, N.C.  For  the  past  sixteen  years  he 
has  been  a  trustee  of  the  state  university  of 
.Vorth  Carolina.  lie  is  the  author  of  Mono- 
graphs on  Cro.ss  Examination  of  Witnesses; 
Walser's  l^igest  of  the  Criminal  Laws  of 
.\or(h  Cai'olina,  in  two  volumes;  Annota- 
tions of  North  Caroliiui  Supreme  Court  De- 
cisions;   and    other   works. 

Walsh,  Allan  B.,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.  29.  1874,  in  Trenton,  N.J.  He  has 
been  a  member  of  the  ?tate  legislature.  In 
1913-15  lie  was  a  representative  from  New 
.fersey    t(>    tlie   sixly-tliird    congress. 

Walsh,  Benjamin  Dann,  entomologist,  au- 
fhor.  was  born  Sei)t.  21.  1808,  in  Eugland. 
He  was  associated  with  Charles  V.  Riley  iu 
founding  the  Auierican  Entomologi.st  in 
1868  in  Illinois:  and  was  its  senior  editor 
until  his  der.tli.  He  was  the  author  of 
Walsh's  Comedies  of  Aristophanes,  lie  died 
-Xov.  IS.   1S69.   in   Rock   Island,   111, 

Walsh,  Blanche,  actress,  was  born  Jan. 
4,  1873.  in  New  York  City.  She  has  played 
the  title  role  in  Trilby;  and  other  leading 
parts  in   nrndern  dr'ainas. 

Walsh,  Charles  Clinton,  educator,  law- 
yer,   author,    was    born    May    29,    1867,    in 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


585 


Kirkwooil.  III.  For  seven  years  lie  was 
teacher  and  principal  oc  public  schools  in 
Illinois.  lie  is  the  autlior  of  three  volumes 
entitled  The  Student's  Quiz  Books,  designed 
for   the   use  ol   law  students. 

Walsh,  Henry  Collins,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  23,  1S63,  in  Fioreuce,  Italy. 
During  the  Spanish-American  war  he  \\as 
war  corresjiondent  of  the  New  York  Herald  ; 
and  in  1902-0(j  was  co-editor  of  Smart  Set 
Magazine.  lie  is  the  author  of  By  the  Po- 
tomac and  Otlier  Poems ;  and  The  Last 
Crnise  of  the  Miranda. 

Walsh,  James  F.,  lawyer,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, was  1)1)111  ^larcli  15,  1864,  in  Lewis- 
boro,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  Ilidgefield,  Conn.  He  took  up 
the  practice  of  law ;  and  in  1890-1905  was 
.  prosecuving  attorney  of  Greenwich.  Conn. 
In  1901-02  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
Connecticut  state  legislature;  in  1903-04 
was  a  member  of  the  state  senate ;  and  in 
1905  became  judge  of  the  criminal  court  of 
common  pleas  for  FairficUi  county,  Conn. 
In  1905-07  he  was  treasurer  of  the  state  of 
Connecticut: 

Walsh,  James  Joseph,  educator,  physician, 
author,  was  born  April  12,  18G5,  in  Arch- 
bald,  Pa.     He  was  educated  in  Wilkes-Barre, 

Pa.;  at  St.  John's 
college  of  Fordham, 
X.Y. ;  at  the  medical 
department  of  the 
university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  and  at  the  uni- 
versities of  Paris, 
Vienna  and  Berlin. 
He  has  received  the  de- 
grees of  A.B.,  A.M., 
Ph.D.  and  M.D.  Since 
1895  he  lias  been  en- 
gaged in  the  practice 
of  medicine  in  New 
an  associate  editor  of 
and  an  editorial  writer 
for  the  Journal  of  the  American  medical  as- 
sociation, and  for  the  Independent.  He  is 
dean  and  i)iofes.sor  of  nervous  diseases  at 
the  Fonlhain  university  medical  school:  and 
a  professor  of  the  college  of  Sr.  Francis 
Xavier.  He  is  consulting  jihysician  of  Ga- 
briel's sanitarium  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Makers  of  Modern  Medi- 
cine;   a'td   The   Popes   and    Science. 

Walsh,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
I'd).  2(;.  1850.  in  Ireland.  He  served  four 
times  as  mayor  of  New  Britain.  Conn.  For 
ten  years  he  was  judge  of  probate  court; 
and  since  1893  has  been  associate  judge  of 
( oiiit   of  common   picas. 

Walsh,  John  Johnson,  missionary,  author, 
was  born  Ai)iil  4,  1S20,  in  .\e\vi)"urg,  N.V. 
In  1874-76  he  w:is  ])astor  at  Millerton,  N. 
Y. ;  ;uid  siibseiiuently  in  Amenia.  He  bad 
just  left  India  for  the  United  States,  and 
tlius  escaped  the  massacre  of  the  mis.^ion  at 
Futteli^ihur  by  the  Sepoys  in  1857.  He  was 
the    author    of    A    Memorial    of    the    Fntteh- 


York    City.      He    is 
Southern   Medicine; 


ghur  ^Mission  and  her  ^lartyred  Missionaries. 
He  died  Feb.  7,  1884,  in  Amenia,  N.Y. 

Walsh,  John  R.,  banker,  railroad  presi- 
dent, born  Aug.  22,  1837,  in  Ireland.  In 
1855  he  became  an  employe  of  J.  McNally, 
newsdealer  of  Chicago,  111. ;  and  in  1861  he 
established  a  news  deppt  on  his  own  account. 
He  began  supplying  country  dealers  in  op- 
position to  the  American  news  company,  but 
tlie  competition  was  ended  in  1866  by  the 
organization,  as  a  branch  of  the  latter,  of 
the  Western  news  comijany,  with  Mr.  Walsh 
as  manager.  He  was  part  owner  of  thi 
Chicago  Herald  and  Post  until  1895.  H( 
was  president  of  the  Oiicago  National  bank, 
and  president  of  the  Equitable  trust  com- 
pany until  they  closed  business  in  1905.  He 
was  the  founder  and  president  of  the  India 
railroad  ;  and  is  president  of  various  other 
railroad   corporations. 

Walsh,  Julius  Sylvester,  lawyer,  railroad 
president,  tinancier,  was  born  Dec.  1.  1842. 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1864  he  was  admitted 
to  the  practice  of  law  in  New  Y'ork.  lu 
1870  he  was  president  of  the  Citizen's  rail- 
way company ;  and  became  president  of 
many  other  railway  companies.  In  1885 
he  built  the  Nortliern  central  railv/ay  ;  and 
erected  a  natural  history  building.  In  1890 
he  organized  the  Mississijipi  valley  trust 
company,  and  became  its  president.  In  1901 
he  was  president  of  the  Alississippi  glass 
company  :  anci  in  1902  became  president  of 
the  I'nion  electric  light  and  power  company. 

Walsh,  Louis  Sabastian,  clero-yman,  bish- 
op, was  lioi-n  .Tan.  22,  1858.  in  Salem.  Mass. 
In  1883-88  he  was  a  professor  of  St.  John's 
seminary  of  Brighton,  Mass.  In  1897-1906 
he  was  supervisor  of  the  catholic  churches 
of  the  archdiocese  of  Boston,  Mass. ;  and  in 
1906  was  consecrated  bishop  of  Portland, 
Maine. 

Walsh,  Michael,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  1763  in  Ireland.  He  was  a  popular 
educator  of  .Mnssacliusetts.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  ]Mer(aiitilc  Arithmetic;  and  a  New 
System  of  Bookkeejiing.  He  died  Aug.  20, 
1840.  in   Aniesl)uiy.  Mass. 

Walsh,  Michael,  ionrnalist.  congressman, 
author,  was  born  March  7,  1810,  in  Ireland. 
In  1853-55  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  thirty-third  congress.  He  was 
the  author  of  Speeches,  Poems  and  Other 
Writings.  He  died  March  17,  1859,  in  N<>w 
York   City. 

Walsh,  Robert,  journalist,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1784  in  Baltimore.  Md.  He 
was  Fiiited  States  consul  at  Paris  in  1845- 
51.  In  1811  he  established  the  American 
IJeview  of  History  and  I'olitics,  the  first 
(|nart(M'ly  in  I  lie  I'nited  States.  He  was 
llie  author  of  All  .\i)peal  froiii  the  Judg- 
ments of  (ii'eat  Britain  ;  Letter  on  the 
(Jeiiins  and  Disiiosition  of  the  French  Gov- 
ernment ;  Correspondence  Kespecting  Rus- 
sia ;  Didactics;  and  The  Museum  of  For- 
eign Ijiterature  and  Science.  He  died  Feb 
7.   1859.    ill    Paris,   France. 


586 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Walsh,  Patrick,  journalist,  state  legisla- 
tor, United  States  senator,  was  born  Jan. 
1,   1840,   in    Ireland.      In   1862   he  moved   to 

Augusta,  Ga.,  and  for 
foi'ly-two  years  was 
connected  with  the 
press  of  that  city, 
most  of  the  time  as 
manager  and  editor  of 
the  Augusta  Chron- 
icle, which  was  estab- 
lished m  1785.  In 
1870  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  city 
council  of  Aiignsta ; 
and  in  1873-77  ho 
served  as  a  mem.ber  of 
the  state  legislature.  In  1893-95  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Georgia;  and  in 
1898  was  elected  mayor  of  Augusta.  He 
died  March  19.  1899  in  Augusta.  Ga. 

Walsh,  Thomas  F.,  designer,  architect, 
was  born  Aug.  5.  186(1.  in  Chicago,  111.  In 
1880  he  became  a  member  of  an  architec- 
tural firm  ;  and  later  became  head  designer 
and  draughtsman.  He  assisted  in  designing 
the  Monadnock,  tlic  Old  Colony  buildins 
and  the  Marquette  building  of  Chicago,  111. 
He  is  now  a  memltcr  of  an  architectural 
firm  of  Denver,  Col. 

Walsh,  Thomas  Yates,  congressman,  was 
born   in  Baltimore,  ]M(1.     In  1851-53  he  was 
a  representative  from  Maryland  to  the  thii 
second   congress.     He   died   in  Maryland. 

Walsh,  William,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  INIay  11,  1828,  in  Ireland.  In 
1875-79  he  was  a  representative  to  the  forty- 
fourth  and  forty-fifth  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Walsh,  William  Shepard,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  1,  1854,  in  France.  He 
was  a  Philadelijhia  writer;  and  editor  of 
Lii)pincott's  Mauazinc  in  1886-90.  He  was 
the  author  of  Authors  and  Authorship;  Pen 
Pictures  of  Earlier  Victorian  Authors; 
Faust;  the  Legend  and  the  Poem;  Para- 
doxes of  a  Philistine;  Pen  Pictures  of  Mod- 
ern Authors;  and  Our  Young  Folks'  His- 
tory of  the  IJoman  Empire.  He  died  about 
1896  in   Philiid(>lphia,  Pa. 

Walter,  Alfred,  railroad  president,  was 
born  Oct.  2,  1851,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In 
1894  he  became  president  of  the  Delaware, 
Susquehanna  and  Schuylkill  railroad,  with 
headquarters  in  New  York  City ;  and  was 
l)resident  of  the  Seaboard  air  line.  He  died 
Feb.  12.  1907.  in  Now  York  City. 

Walter,  George  William,  organist,  com- 
poser, was  born  Dec.  16,  1851,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1869  he  moved  to  Washington,  D. 
C.  As  an  organist  he  is  known  for  his  pow- 
ers in  extemporaneous  performance  and  nov- 
elty in  registration.  His  musical  library 
contains    nearly    ten    thousand    works. 

Walter,  Nehemiah,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  Docember.  1663.  in  Ireland.  In 
1688-1750  lie  was  a  pastor  at  Koxbury,  :Mnss. 
He  was  tlie  author  of  The  Sense  of  Indwell- 
ing Sin  in  the  Unregenerate ;  Sermons ;  and 


Practical  Discourses  on  the  Holiness  of 
Heaven.  He  died  Sept.  17,  1750,  in  Ros- 
bnry,  ]Mass. 

Walter,  Robert,  physician,  founder,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  ]4,  1841,  in  Canada.  In 
1876  he  established  a  sanitarium  at  Wal- 
ter's Park,  Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Exact  Science  of  Health.  He  died  about 
1911  in  Walter's  Park,  Pa. 

Walter,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
b,orn  Dec.  13,  1696,  in  Koxbury,  Mass.  He 
was  a  congregational  clergyman ;  and  the 
colleague  of  his  father.  He  was  the  author 
of  Grounds  and  Rules  of  iJusic  Explained  ; 
and  Infallibility  May  Sometimes  Mistake, 
He   died    Jan.    10.    1725,    in    Koxbury,    Mass. 

Walter,  Thomas,  botanist,  author,  was 
born  about  1740  in  England.  He  was  a  suc- 
cessful planter  near  Charleston,  S.C. ;  de- 
voted his  leisure  to  botany:  cultivated  the 
plants  he  subsequently  described ;  and  sev- 
eral species  have  since  been  named  after 
him.  He  was  the  author  of  Flora  Caro- 
liniana.     He  died  in  1788  in  Charleston.  S.C. 

Walter,  Thomas  Ustick,  designer,  archi- 
tect, was  born  Sept.  4,  1804,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  Among  the  man\-  monuments  of  his 
skill  as  designer  and  architect,  are  the 
Girard  college,  perhaps  the  finest  specimen 
of  classical  architecture  in  America;  the 
iron  dome  and  extension  of  the  capitol  at 
Washinuton,  east  and  west  wings  of  the  pat- 
ent olfice,  and  extension  of  the  general  post- 
office.  He  died  Oct.  30,  1887,  in  Philadel- 
phia. Pa. 

Walter,  William,  clergyman,  theologian, 
was  born  Oct.  7,  1737,  in  Koxbury.  Mass. 
In  1792-1800  he  was  rector  of  Christ  church 
of  Boston,  Mass.  In  1796  he  was  invited 
to  deliver  the  Dudleian  lecture  at  Harvard 
college;  aiul  in  1798  he  pronounced  the  an- 
niversary discourse  before  the  Massachu- 
setts humane  society,  which  was  published. 
He  died  Dec.  5,  1800,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Walter,  William  Bicker,  author,  poet,  was 
born  Ai)ril  19,  1796.  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  the  author  of  Poems;  and  Sukey,  sug- 
gested by  Halleck"s  Fanny.  He  died  April 
23.   1822.    in   Boston,    Mass. 

Walter,  William  Henry,  musician,  author, 
wa<^  born  July  1,  1825,  in  Newark.  N.J.  In 
1856  he  was  appointed  organist  at  Colum- 
l)ia  college  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  INIannal  of  Church  Music;  Chorals 
and  Hymns ;  Common  I'rayer  with  Ritual 
Sons;  Lessons  in  Music;  and  Mass  in  C, 
with    Latni   and   English   text. 

Walters,  Alexander,  clergyman,  bisho]), 
was  burn  .Vug.  1,  1S58,  in  Bardslown,  Ky. 
He  has  filled  pastorates  in  Kentucky.  Cali- 
fornia. Tennessee  and  New  York  in  the 
Amf-rican  mothodist  /.ion  church.  Sinc(! 
1892  he  has  been  bishop  of  that  churcl  ;  and 
has  lectured   on   the   neuro  (piestion. 

Walters,  Anderson  Howel,  congressman, 
editor,  was  born  in  Peinisylvania.  He  is 
editor  and  pidilished  of  (he  .lohnstown  Trib- 
une.     In    1913-15    he    was    a    rojiresentative 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


587 


from    Pennsylvania    to    the    sixtj'-tliird    con- 
gress. 

Walters,  George  W.,  lawyer,  legislator, 
was  born  Aug.  4,  1835,  in  Hamilton  county, 
Tenn.  He  was  an  elector  for  Stei)heu  A. 
Douglas  in  1860  :  was  a  mumber  of  tlie  Ten- 
nessee constitutional  convention  in  1870  and 
1871 ;  and  in  1871-72  was  representative  in 
the  state  legislature.  In  1885-89  he  was 
prosecuting  attorney  for  the  thirty-third 
judicial  district  of  Texas ;  and  in  1894-96 
of  the  forty-sixth  judicial  district.  He  now 
practices  his  profession  of  law  in  the  In- 
dian Territory  at   Caddo. 

Walther,  Carl  Ferdinand  Wilhelm,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Oct.  25,  1811,  in  Sax- 
ony, lie  was  president  of  the  Lutheran 
theological  seminary  at  St.  Louis  in  1849-87. 
He  was  the  leader  of  what  are  known  as 
Missouri  lutherans.  He  died  May  7,  1887, 
in  St.  Louis.  Mo. 

Walters,  William  Thompson,  merchant, 
author,  was  born  May  23,  1820.  in  Juniata 
River.    Pa.      In    1838    he   manufactured    the 

first  iron  produced  on 
a  scale  of  commercial 
imi)0L'tance  in  the 
United  States,  by  use 
of  mineral  coal.  He 
was  president  of  the 
Atlantic  coast  rail- 
road. He  was  a  mer- 
chant of  Baltimore, 
long  prominent  as  an 
art  patron,  and  the 
..  ■  author  of  Antoine 
t  Louis    Barye.     from 

the  French  of  \'aiious 
Critics;  The  Percheron  Horse,  from  the 
French  of  Du  Hays ;  and  Notes  upon  Cer- 
tain ^Masters  of  the  Nineteenth  Ceiitury.  He 
di.'d  Nov.  22.  1894.  in  Baltimore,  Md. " 

Walthall,  Edward  Gary,  soldier,  lawyer, 
Iriiislalor,  coutiressman.  T'nited  States  sen- 
ator,  was  horn   April  4.  1831.   in  Richmond, 

Va.  He  entered  the 
confederate  service  as 
a  lieutenant  :n  the  fif- 
teenth Mississippi  regi- 
ment ;  was  soon  after 
elected  lieutenant-colo- 
nel of  that  regiment. 
In  1862  he  was  elected 
(■f)l<'nel  of  the  twenty- 
uiuth  .Mississippi  reg- 
iment, and  was  pro- 
moted to  brigadier- 
general  in  1862,  and 
major-general  in  1864. 
He  practiciMl  law  in  Grenada,  Miss.  He  was 
a  delegat'^-at-iarge  to  the  national  dr>mo- 
cratic  conveniions  of  1868,  1876,  1880,  1884 
and  1896.  In  1885-88  and  1895-98  he  was 
Fiiited  Stales  senator.  He  died  April  21, 
1898  in   Washington,  D.C. 

Walton,  Charles  Edgar,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  ix.rii  .May  30,  1849.  in  Cincinnati. 
Ohio.  He  lias  been  professor  of  anatomy, 
surgery  and  gynecology  in  the  I'ulte  medical 


college   of   Cleveland,    Ohio,   of   which   insti- 
tution he  is  registrar  and  in  1904  was  dean. 

Walton,  Charles  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  9,  1819,  in  Mexico, 
Maine.  In  1855  he  removed  to  Androscog- 
gin county.  Maine;  and  was  attorney  for 
that  county  in  1857-60.  In  1861-63  he  was 
a  representative  from  Maine  to  the.  thirty- 
seventh  congress.  In  1862  he  resigned  his 
seat  in  congress;  and  in  1862-97  was  asso- 
ciate justice  oE  the  supreme  court  of  Maine. 
He  died  in  1900  in  Porflaud.  Maine. 

Walton,  Clifford  Stevens,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  iNIarch  2.  1861,  near  Chardon,  Ohio. 
He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  Washington,  D. 
C.  He  has  contributed  a  number  of  articles 
to  current  literature  on  international  law- 
subjects,  and  his  life  and  experience  in 
>^pain.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Civil  Law 
in  Spain  and  Spanish  America. 

Walton,  Eleannor  Going,  actress,  author, 
was  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.  She  made  a 
success  on  the  amateur  stage,  but  now  de- 
votes h(M'self  to  literature.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  She  ^^'ill   Not  ^Yhen  She  May. 

Walton,  Ezekiel  P.,  journalist,  state  legis- 
lator, cori.i:ressman,  was  born  Feb.  17.  1812. 
in  Montpelier.  Vt.  He  edited  the  "N'ermont 
Watchman ;  and  served  in  the  Vermont 
state  legislature  as  a  representative  one 
term.  In  1857-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
Vermont  to  the  thirty-fifth,  thirty-sixth  and 
thirty-se\enth  congresses.  After  leaving  con- 
gress he  resumed  the  editorship  of  his  jour- 
nal in  Montjielier,  Vt.  He  died  Dec.  19, 
1890.  in  Montpelier,  Vt. 

Walton,  George,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  in(lei)en(lon(e,  congressman.  L^nited  States 
senator,  was  born  in  1740  in  Frederick  coun- 
ty. Va.  In  1776  and  1781  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Georgia  to  the  continental  congress ; 
and  a  signer  of  the  declaration  of  independ- 
ence and  the  articles  of  confederation.  In 
1779-80  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Geor- 
gia ;  and  in  1789-90  was  the  first  governor. 
In  1783  he  was  appointed  chief  justice  of 
the  state ;  in  1789  he  was  a  presidential  elect- 
or: and  in  1793  was  asain  judge  of  the  su- 
l)reme  court.  In  1795-97  he  was  I'nited 
States  senator  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  died 
Feb.  2.  1804.  in  Augusta.  Ga. 

Walton,  George  Augustus,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  18.  1822.  in  Wakefield, 
Mass.  He  received  a  thorough  collegiate 
training;  and  has  attained  success  as  an 
educator.  He  has  been  ])rincipal  of  various 
schools  in  .Massachusetts,  an<l  for  twenty-five 
years  was  the  agent  of  tiie  Ma.ssachusetts 
state  board  (jf  education.  He  has  been  con- 
ductor of  institutes  in  the  states  of  Massa- 
chusetts, New  '^'ork  and  ^'irginia.  He  is 
the  author  of  si>\-ei'al  works  on  arithmetic, 
inclndinir  First  Ste|)s  in  Numbers ;  Written 
Arithmetic  witii  Key ;  and  Walton  and 
Holmes,  four  book  series  of  arithmetics. 

Walton,  George  Edward,  i>hysician.  edu- 
cator. ao;hor.  was  born  Dec.  25.  1839,  in 
Cinciiniati.  Ohio.  lie  was  ijrofessor  of 
medicine  in   Cincinnati   college  in  1880;   and 


588 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


president  of  the  Cincinnati  academy  of  medi- 
cine in  1880-81.  He  is  tlie  author  of  The 
Mineral  Springs  of  the  United  States  and 
Canada. 

Walton,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1749-51 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
coui't   of   Khode   Island. 

Walton,  Joseph,  manufacturer,  legislator, 
was  born  ;March  24,  1826,  in  Westmoreland 
county,  I'a.  In  1848  ho  erected  a  saw  mill 
at  Pittsburgh.  Pa.  In  1856  he  was  engaged 
in  the  coal  business ;  and  filled  extensive 
contracts  for  the  government  during  the  civil 
war.  In  1870  he  was  elected  to  the  Penn- 
sylvania legislature  as  a  republican.  He 
was  president  of  the  Keystone  glass  com- 
pany. He  died  Dec.  5,  1892,  in  Alleghe- 
ny.  Pa. 

Walton,  Lee  Barker,  educator,  biologist, 
scientist,  was  born  Nov.  12.  1861.  in  Bear 
Lake,  Pa.  In  1897  he  graduated  from  Cor- 
nell university  with 
the  degree  of  Ph.B. ; 
and  also  studied  in 
the  university  o  f 
Bonn  and  at  Brown 
university.  Since  1902 
lie  has  been  professor 
of  biology  at  Kenyon 
college  of  Ganibier, 
Ohio.  He  is  a  fellow 
of  the  American  as- 
sociation for  the  ad- 
vancement of  science ; 
and  has  made  valu- 
able researches  in  connection  with  the  the- 
ory  of   evolution    and    in   morphology. 

Walton,  Mason  Augustus,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  31.  1838.  in  Oldtown. 
Maine.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Hermit's 
AVild  Friends. 

Walton,  Matthew,  congressman.  In  1803- 
07  he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  eighth  and  ninth  congresses ;  and  a 
presidential  elector  in  1809.  He  died  Jan. 
18.    1819.    in    Kentucky. 

Walton,  Thomas  Cameron,  naval  oHicer, 
was  born  May  31.  1S38,  in  England.  In 
1861  be  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon  in 
the  United  States  navy  and  was  advanced 
through  various  grades:  and  retired  in  1900 
with    the    rank   of    rear   admiral. 

Waltz,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Gerry,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  10.  1866.  in  Colum- 
bus. Ohio.  In  1895-97  slie  was  on  the  edi- 
torial staff  of  the  Cincinnati  Tribune;  and 
was  literary  editor  of  the  Donisville  Courier- 
Journal.  She  was  the  author  of  Pa  Glad- 
den.    She  died  in  1903  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Walworth,  Clarence  Alphonsus,  clergy- 
man, autlior,  poet,  was  born  ^lay  30,  1820, 
in  Plattsburg,  N.Y.  He  is  a  Konuiu  catholic 
cleruyman  ;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Paulist  order  in  the  United  States;  and 
since  1864  rf^ctor  of  St.  Clary's  of  .Vlbany, 
N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Gentle  Skep- 
tic;  The  Doctrine  of  Hell;  and  Andiato- 
roct^.  and  Other  ]'oen\s.  He  died  in  1900 
in  Albany,  N.Y. 


Walworth,  Mrs.  Ellen  Hardin,  educator, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1832,  in 
JacksonviU-c,  111.  She  is  a  trustee  of  the 
Saratoga  monument  association ;  founder 
and  honorary  vice-president  general  of  the 
national  society  daughters  of  the  American 
revolution  ;  and  since  1898  has  been  direct- 
or-general of  the  woman's  national  war  re- 
lief association.  She  is  the  author  of  Sara- 
toga, the  Battle  Ground;  and  Sketches  of 
Father  Walworth. 

Walworth,  Mrs.  Jeanette  Ritchie,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1837.  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  She  is  a  novelist  of  New 
York  City.  She  is  the  author  of  Dead 
Men"s  Shoes;  The  Bar  Sinister;  The  Man 
at  Kossmere;  At  Bay;  Southern  Silhou- 
ettes; Forgiven  at  Last;  Baldy's  Pojnt ;  Tlie 
Silent  Witness ;  Heavy  Yokes ;  An  Old 
Fogy ;  The  Little  Radical ;  Uncle  Sci- 
pio;  That  Girl  from  Texas;  and  Nobody's 
Business. 

Walworth,  John,  pioneer,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  in  1765  in  Groton,  Conn.  In  1800 
he  settled  at  I'ainesville,  Ohio;  and  in  1802 
was  made  justice  of  the  peace  for  Trumbull 
county.  In  1803  he  was  appointed  associate 
judge  of  the  superior  court.  He  died  Sept. 
10.   1812.   in   Cleveland.   Ohio. 

Walworth,  Mansfield  Tracy,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  3,  1830,  in  Albany,  N. 
Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Beverly;  War- 
wick: Lulu;  Delaplene ;  Stormcliff;  Mis- 
sion of  Death :  and  Tabara,  a  Leaf  from 
Empire.     He  died  June  3,  1873,  in  New  York 

City. 

Walworth,  Reuben  Hyde,  soldier,  lawyer, 
iurist,  congressman,  v/as  liorn  Oct.  26.  1788. 
ill    Bozrah.    Conn.      Ho   was   an   attorney   of 

the  supreme  court  of 
New  Y'ork ;  and  set- 
tled at  Plattsburg  in 
1811.  In  1821-23  he 
was  a  representative  / 
to  the  seventeenth 
congress ;  declined  a 
re-election ;  and  was 
api)ointed  a  circuit 
judge  in  1823.  In 
1828  he  was  made 
chancellor  of  the  state 
of  New  York,  which 
office  he  held  for 
twenty  years,  when  the  offic^  was  abolished. 
He  was  the  author  of  Pules  and  Orders  of 
the  New  York  Court  of  Chancery  :  and  The 
Hyde  (4enealogy.  He  died  Nov.  27,  1867,  in 
Saratoga   Siirings.  N.Y. 

Walworth,  Reubena  Hyde,  nurse,  author, 
l>o(-t,  was  boi'u  Feb.  21.  1867.  in  Louisville. 
I\y.  She  graduated  from  S'assar :  and  was 
tlie  author  of  Where  Was  Elsie?  a  come- 
dietta :  and  Poems.  She  was  a  volunteer 
nurse  of  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  in  the 
fi(>ld  hospitals  at  Fortress  Monroe  and  Mon- 
tauk;  and  died  Oct.  18,  1898,  of  fever  con- 
tracted at  Montank.  She  was  buried  with 
military  honors;  and  a  public  monument 
was  erected  to  her  memory  at  Saratoga,  N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


589 


Walworth,  Warren  F.,  soldier,  manufac- 
turer, banker,  railroad  president,  was!  born 
Aug.  21,  1838,  in  Jefferson  county,  N.Y.  He 
has  been  school  supeiinteiHlent ;  :ind  was 
an  ofHeer  in  the  union  army.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  city  council  of  Cleveland, 
Ohio ;  and  a  member  of  the  board  of  educa- 
tion. In  lo94  he  became  president  of  the 
York  southern  railroad  at  Cleveland,  Ohio ; 
was  president  of  a  nuinnfacturing  company  ; 
president  of  a  banking  company ;  and  di- 
rector and  treasurer  of  the  Chautauqua  edu- 
cational institution.  He  died  Jan.  25,  1908. 
in  Cleveland.  Ohio. 

Walz,  William  Emanuel,  educator,  author, 
was  born  April  13,  1860,  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 
In  1883-96  he  was  in  the  service  of  the 
Japanese  government  as  professor  of  history 
in  the  Imperial  government  college  of  To- 
kyo. Since  1902  he  has  been  dean  of  the 
Maine  school  of  law.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Imperial  Reader. 

Wambaugh,  Eugene,  educator,  lawyer,  axi- 
tlior,  was  born  Feb.  29.  1856,  in  Krookville, 
Ohio.  Since  1892  he  has  been  profes.sor  of 
law  in  Harvard  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Study  of  Cases ;  Cases  for 
Analysis ;  Cases  on  Agency ;  and  Cases  on 
Insurr.rice. 

Wanamaker,  John,  merchant,  cabinet  ofh- 
cer.  was  born  July  11.  1838,  in  Philadelphia. 
I'a.     In  1861  he  opened  a  clothing  house  in 

Philadelphia,  Pa.  Lat- 
er he  became  presi- 
dent of  the  young 
men's  christian  asso- 
ciation. He  was  pres- 
ident of  the  Penny 
savings  bank  and  oth- 
er positions  of  trust. 
He  is  the  leading  mer- 
chant of  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  In  1886  he  de- 
clined the  nomination 
for  mayor  of  Pliil 
adelphia  tendered  by 
indoiiendent  reiiublicans.  In  1887-93  he  was 
apiioinicd  postmaster-general.  In  1870-83  he 
was  jircsident  of  the  Young  men's  christian 
association   of   Philadelphia,   I'a. 

Wandell,  Samuel  Henry,  lawyer,  author, 
way  born  Ajiril  19,  1860.  in  AVest  Mcjuroe, 
N.Y.  In  1883-94  he  practiced  law  in  Syra- 
cuse, N.Y. :  and  since  1895  has  practiced 
law  in  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
the  Law  of  the  Theater;  Analytical  Chart 
of  till"  Law  of  f 'osts  ;  and  You  Should  Not. 
Wangelin,  Hugo,  soldier,  was  born  (!er- 
nniny.  In  1861  he  was  major  in  the  twelfth 
regiment  I\lissouri  infantry;  and  in  1865 
was     i)revetted     bri'j:adier-general     of     volun- 

leer-^.       He    (lied    Feb.    20.    1883. 

Wanger,  Irving  Price,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  5,  1852,  in  North 
Coventry.  I'a.  He  was  district  attorney  of 
Montgomery  county  in  1880  and  1886.  In 
1893-1911  lie  was  a  representative  to  the 
(ifty-third,   lifty-fourth,   fifty-fifth,   fifty-sixth. 


fifty-seventh,  hfty-eighth,  lifty-ninth,  sixtieth 
and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  republican. 

Wanner,  Peter  D.,  lawyer,  business  presi- 
dent, was  ])oi'n  Dec.  1,  1840,  in  Kutztowu, 
Pa.      In   1857-58   he   taught   school;   in   1859 

he  entered  Union  sem- 
inary of  New  Berlin, 
Pa. ;  in  1860  became 
a  student  and  teach- 
er in  Fairview  semin- 
ary of  Kutztown ; 
and  in  1862  entered 
Franklin  and  Mar- 
shall college  of  Lan- 
caster, graduating  in 
1865.  Since  then  ha 
has  practiced  law  in 
Ueading,  Pa.;  in  1871 
he  was  elected  district 
attorney  for  Berks  county;  and  after  the 
expiration  of  his  term  he  became  county  so- 
licitor. In  1878  he  v.as  a  candidate  for  con- 
gress as  a  democrat.  For  many  years  he 
was  president  of  several  iron,  and  quite  a 
number  of  water  companies ;  but  since  1902 
he  has  devoted  himself  entirely  to  law  prac- 
tice. 

Wanton,  Joseph,  merchant,  colonial  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  1705  in  Newport,  R.l. 
In  1769-75  he  was  colonial  governor  of 
Rhode  Island.  He  died  July  19,  1780,  in 
Newport,   R.I. 

Wanton,  Gideon,  colonial  governor.  In 
1745-46  and  in  1847-48  he  was  colonial  gov- 
ernor of  Rhode  Island. 

Wanton,  William,  colonial  governor.  In 
1732-41  he  was  a  colonial  governor  of  Rhode 
Island. 

Wanty,  George  Proctor,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  March  12,  1856,  in  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich.  He  attained  high  rank  in  his  pro- 
fession in  Michigan  at 
(Jrand  Rapids;  was 
president  of  the  Mich- 
igan state  bar  aaeoci- 
ation  in  1895 ;  and 
chairman  of  the  gen- 
eral council  of  the 
American  bar  associ- 
ation in  1896-1900.  In 
^  1900-06   he   M'as    Unit- 

^  '  ed     S  t  a  t  e  s     district 

judge   for  the  western 
district     of    Michigan. 
-     He  died  July  1,  1906, 
in  (Jrand   Rapids.   Mich. 

Waples,  Rufus,  lawyi'r,  author,  was  liorn 
.Vug.  11.  IS-'o.  in  Milisboro,  Del.  In  1870- 
72  he  was  ciiy  Miiorney  for  special  cases  of 
New  Orleans,  La.  He  was  the  author  of 
.V  Treatise  on  Proceedings;  and  A  Ilaiul- 
liook  of  Parli.amentary  Law.  II"  died  in 
1902    in    .\uu    Arbor,   Mich. 

Ward,  Andrew  H.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Harri><on  county.  Ky.  In  1865-67  he  was 
a  represenlativ.'  from  Kentucky  to  tlie  thir- 
tv-ninth  congress  to  fill  a  \acancy.  He  died 
in   1901    in    I\entueky. 


590 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Ward,  Aaron,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, author,  was  born  July  5,  1790,  in  Sing 
Sins,  N.Y.  In  1814  he  served  in  the  regu- 
lar army  as  a  cap- 
tain. After  the  war 
hu  became  district  at- 
torney for  the  county 
of  Westchester ;  and 
subsequently  attained 
the  position  of  major- 
genera!  of  the  New 
Y  0  r  k  militia.  T  n 
1825-29.  1831-37  and 
1841-43  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the 
nineteenth,  twentieth. 
tweaty-seconTi,  twen- 
ty-third, twenty-fourth  and  twenty-seventh 
congresses.  In  1846  he  was  a  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention.  He  was 
the  author  of  Around  the  Pyramids,  a  vol- 
ume of  travel,  lie  died  March  2,  1867,  in 
Georgetown,  I).C. 

Ward,  Andrew  Henshaw,  lawyer,  anti- 
quarian, author,  was  born  May  26,  1784,  in 
Shrewsbury,  Mass.  He  was  a  lawyer  of 
Shrewsbury ;  and  subsequently  of  Newton. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  Shrews- 
bury ;  Genealogy  of  the  Rice  Family ;  and 
The  Ward  Family.  He  died  Feb.  IS,  1864, 
in    Xl'wtllU\■illl^    ^fnss. 

Ward,  Anna  Lydia,  author,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  about  1850  in  Bloomfield.  N. 
J.  Since  1896  she  has  been  president  of  the 
Young  women's  friendly  league  of  Water- 
bury,  Conn.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Diction- 
ary of  Quotations  from  the  Poets  ;  Diction- 
ary of  Quotations  in  Prose;  Surf  and  Wave; 
a  History  of  Waterbury ;  and  Familiar 
Quotations  from  American  Authors. 
'  Ward,  Arabella,  translator,  autlior,  poet. 
She  is  the  author  of  Short  Stories;  Stories 
for  Children ;  and  has  translated  several 
worlvs  from  tlie  French  of  Hugo;  Dumas  and 
Daudot. 

Ward,  Artemas,  soldier,  congressman, 
United  Slates  senator,  was  born  Nov.  27. 
1727.  in  Shrewsbury,  Mass.  He  was  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  ^fassachusetts  legislature; 
and  was  a  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  for  the  county  of  Worcester.  ^  In  1775 
he  was  appointed  major-general  of  the  Amer- 
ican army.  In  1780-81  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  continental  con- 
gress; and  in  1791-95  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts  to  the  second  and 
third  congresses.  He  died  Oct.  28,  1800,  in 
Shrewsbury,  Mass. 

Ward,  Artemas,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  .Jan.  9,  1762,  in  Slirewsbury, 
Mass.  In  1813-17  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  thirteenth  and 
fourteenth  congresses;  and  in  1821-40  was 
chief  justice  of  the  court  of  connuou  pleas 
of  the  state.  He  died  Oct.  7,  1847.  in  Bos- 
ton. Mass. 

Ward,  Mrs.  Catharine  Weed  Barnes,  jour- 
nalist, artist,  author,  was  born  .Ian.  10.  1851. 
in   Aiijanv,   N.Y.     She  is  one  of  the  editors 


of  the  American  Amateur  Photographer; 
and  wrote  for  other  magazines  on  camera 
work.  She  built  a  fine  portrait  studio  in 
Albany.  N.Y.  In  1893  she  married  Henry 
Snowden  Ward  of  Loudon.  England,  where 
she  now  resides  witli  her  husband.  She  is 
the  autlior  of  'rhe  Real  Dickens  Land  ;  and 
otlicr   \\orks. 

Ward,  Charles  Augustus,  merchant,  pub- 
lic official,  was  born  .July  27.  1870.  in  Mari- 
etta, Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  the  Mari- 
etta academy.  For  two  .^ears  he  published 
the  Inland  Ocean,  and  is  now  proprietor  of 
the  Wakefield  hotel.  He  is  president  of  the 
Washington  county  savings  loan  and  build- 
ing company.  He  has  been  a  member  of 
the  city  coiuicil ;  president  of  the  Marietta 
board  of  trade;  ami  sbice  1913  postmaster 
of  liis  city.       ^ 

Ward,  Christopher  Longstreet,  lawyer, 
railroad  president.  ))liilanthropi8t.  was  born 
in  1807  in  New  Milford,  I'a.  He  collected 
a  library  of  about  ten  thousand  volumes, 
which  contained  more  rare  works  than  any 
other  private  library  in  the  state.  His  col- 
lection of  autographs  was  nnusuallr  com- 
])lfte.  This  library,  with  his  pictures  and 
collections  of  art,  was  presented  by  his  fam- 
ily to  Lafayette  college.  He  died  ^lay  14, 
1870   in   Towanda,   Pa. 

Ward,  Cyrenus  Osborne,  translator,  au- 
thor, was  l)nrn  in  1832  in  New  York  City. 
In  1885  he  became  a  translator  in  the  United 
States  bureau  of  labor.  He  was  the  author 
of  A  Labor  Catechism  of  Political  Econ- 
omy: Our  Tragedy,  a  diamatic  poem;  The 
Equilibration  of  Human  Aptitudes:  and 
The  Ancient  Lowry.  He  died  March  20, 
1902,   in   Yuma,   Cal. 

Ward,  David  L.,  lawyer,  statesman,  was 
boin  Oct.  24.  1860.  near  Stantonsburg. 
N.C.  He  was  educated  at  Wake  Forest 
college  pf  North  Caroliiui ;  and  soon  at? 
tained  success  in  the  practice  of  law  at  New 
Hern.  N.C.  For  six  years  he  was  county  at- 
torney ;  and  was  aide-de-camp  to  (iovernor 
Glenn,  with  rank  of  colonel.  In  1905  he 
became  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina 
state  senate;  and  was  a  member  of  several 
imi)()rtant  committees. 

Ward,  Durbin,  soldier,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, author,  was  born  Feb.  11,  1819,  in  Aii- 
gusta,    Ky.      He    served    through    the    civil 

war:  and  was  brevet- 
ted  brigadier-general 
in  1865.  He  entered 
the  Ohio  state  senate 
in  1870.  The  plan  of 
the  present  circuit 
court  systeii:  of  Ohio 
was  drafted  by  him. 
He  began,  but  did  not 
live  to  comi)Iete,  a 
work  on  constitution- 
al law,  eutirlcd  The 
Federal  Institutes.  A 
volume  of  his  speeches 
was  juildislied  by  his  widow  in  1888.  He 
die.l  .Mav  22.  1886.  in  Lrbaudu.  Oliio. 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


591 


Ward,  Delancey  Walton,  chemical  engi- 
lU'tT,  author,  was  born  July  S,  1866,  in  Xew 
York  City.  Sinoe  1894  he  has  been  profes- 
sor of  dental  cliemistry  aucl  metallurgy  in 
the  New  York  dental  siiiool.  He  is  the  au- 
thor  of    Clieuiistry    and    I'hysics. 

Ward,  Edgar  Melville,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Ftb.  24,  1839,  in  Urbana,  Ohio.  In 
1883  he  became  a  member  of  the  National 
atatiemy  of  design.  His  Brittany  Washer- 
women was  at  tile  salon  of  1876,  the  Phihi- 
delphia  exhibition  of  1S7G,  and  at  Paris  at 
1878  with  Venetian  Water-Carriers  and  The 
Sabot-Maker. 

Ward,  Elijah,  merchant,  lawyer,  jurist, 
con.iiressman,  was  born  Sept.  16.  1S16,  in 
Sing  Sing,  N.Y'.  lie  was  president  of  the 
Mercantile  library  association  of  New  Y'ork 
City  in  1839.  In  1857-59,  1861-65  and  1875- 
77  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  thirty-fifth,  thirty-seventh,  thirty- 
eighth  and  forty-fourth  congresses.  He  was 
for  several  years  judge  advocate-general  of 
New  York  \\  ith  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral.    He  died  Feb.  7.  1882.  in  Koslyn.  N.Y. 

Ward,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Stuart  Phelps,  lit- 
terateur, author,  was  born  Aug.  31.  1844,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  The  publication  in  1869  of 
The  Gates  Ajar,  a  tale  whose  theme  is  the 
life  of  departed  spirits  in  tlie  next  world, 
aroused  much  discussion,  and  instantly  made 
its  author  famous.  Slie  was  the  author  of 
Beyond  tiie  Gates,  and  The  Gates  Between  ; 
Hedged  In  :  The  Silent  Partner  ;  Sealed  Or- 
ders, and  Other  Stories ;  Men,  Women,  and 
Ghosts  ;  Friends  :  a  Duet ;  Dr.  Zay  ;  The 
Story  of  Avis  ;  An  Old  Maid's  Paradise,  and 
Burghirs  in  Paradise;  Fourteen  to  One,  a 
book  of  short  stories ;  Donald  Marcy  ;  Jack 
the  Fisherman  ;  The  Madonna  of  the  Tubs  ; 
.V  Singular  I^ife ;  The  Supply  at  St. 
Agatha's ;  Tiie  Master  of  the  Magicians ; 
Come  Fortii  ;  What  to  Wear'/ ;  The  Strug- 
gle for  Immortality,  a  collection  of  essays; 
and  Cliapters  from  a  Life,  an  autobiography. 
Less  widely  known  as  a  poet,  her  Poetic 
Studies,  and  Songs  of  the  Silent  World,  per- 
haps represent  lier  highest  point  of  attain- 
ment. Her  juvenile  books  include  Gypsey's 
Painy  Day  Book;  My  Cousin  and  I;  The 
Trolty  Book  ;  Trolly's  Wedding  Tour  and 
Story  Book;  .\.  Man  in  tlie  Case;  and  Walled 
In.  Siie  died  Jan.  28,  1911.  in  Newton. 
Mass. 

Ward,  Ferdinand  De  Wilton,  missionary, 
ai.tlKH-.  was  buri'  July  9,  1812.  in  Bergen, 
X.Y.  He  was  a  presbyterian  missionary  in 
India  in  1836-47;  and  subsequently  a  cler- 
gyman in  Geneseo.  N.Y'.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  India  and  the  Hindoos;  Christian 
(!ift.  or  Pastoral  Letters  Upon  Character; 
Siinimi-r  Vacation  Abroad ;  and  History  of 
the  Cliiin-hi's  of  Ilochester,  N.Y.  He  died 
Aug.  11.   1891.   in    Switzerland. 

Ward,  Florence  Nightingale,  physician, 
surgi'on,  was  l>oni  Jiiy  10,  I860,  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  She  has  the  largest  prac- 
tice of   any   woman   physician   west   of   Chi- 


cago.    She  has  written  extensively  for  med- 
ical journals. 

Ward,  Genevieve,  opera  singer,  actress, 
was  born  .March  27,  1838,  in  New  York  City. 
When  she  was  fifteen  years  old  her  voice 
attracted  the  interest  of  Rossini,  who  super- 
intended her  musical  education.  She  gave 
Italian  operas  in  London  during  the  season 
of  1862.  For  several  years  she  taught  vocal 
music  in  a  school  in  New  York  City  ;  and 
.finally  she  prepared  herself  for  the  dramatic 
stage.  She  made  her  first  appearance  in 
1873.   in  "Manchester,  as  Lady  Macbeth. 

Ward,  George  Hull,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Massachusetts.  In  1861  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  fifteenth  regiment  Massachu- 
setts infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
July  3.  1863.   in  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Ward,  George  Morgan,  lawyer,  college 
president,  was  born  May  23,  1859,  in  Lowell, 
Mass.  In  1882  he  graduated  from  Darl- 
inouth  ;  and  received  the  degrees  of  A.M.  and 
D.I),  from  that  institution.  In  1884  he 
graduated  from  the  Boston  university  law 
school ;  and  subsequently  graduated  as  B.D. 
from  Andover  theological  seminary.  In  1885- 
89  he  was  secretary  of  the  international  so- 
ciety of  christian  endeavor.  He  has  done 
l)ost-gradi"ate  work  at  Johns  Hopkins  uni- 
\ersily.  In  1895-1903  he  was  president  of 
Pollins  college  of  Winter  Park,  Fla.  Since 
1903  he  has  been  president  of  AVells  college 
of  Aurora,  N.Y'. :  and  since  1900  has  filled 
a  pastorale  in  Palm  Beach,  Fla.,  during  the 
winter. 

Ward,  Grace  Ethel,  educator,  author,  was 
l)orn  in  Lynn.  Mass.  She  has  full  charge 
of  the  Latin  department  of  the  grammar 
schools  of  Lyun.  Mass.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Miz.  " 

Ward,  Hamilton,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  July  3.  1829.  in  Salisbury,  N.Y. 
In  1856-59  he  was  district  attorney  for  Al- 
legany county  at  Belmont.  In  1862  he  was 
active  in  raising  and  organizing  stale  troops. 
In  1865-71  he  was  a  representative  from 
.New  York  to  the  thirty-nintli.  fortieth  and 
forty-hrst  congresses  as  a  republican.  In 
1879  he  was  elected  attorney-general  of  the 
state  of  New  Y'ork;  was  a  member  of  the 
New  York  slate  constitutional  convention  in 
1890:  and  in  1891  became  justice  of  the  su- 
preme (onrl.  He  died  Dec.  28.  1898,  in  Bel- 
mont.  N.Y. 

Ward,  Henry,  jjatriot,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  27.  1732.  in  Khude  Island.  He 
was  aiipointed  secretary  of  lUiode  Island  in 
1760:  was  a  siipjiorter  of  the  revolution; 
and  a  iiiember  of  the  congress  which  met  in 
New  York  in  1765.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  commit  fee  of  (•(U'resi'oiKleiKe  during  the 
revolution:  and  held  the  ofhco  of  secretary 
friim  his  appointJii'Mit  until  his  death.  He 
died   in   D<'<cmber.   1797.    in   Rhode   Island. 

Ward,  Henry  Augustus,  naturalist,  au- 
thor, was  i)orn   March  9,  1834.  in  Rochester, 


592 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


N.Y.  He  was  professor  in  the  university  of 
Rochester  in  1860-75.  He  was  the  author 
of  Notices  of  the  Megatherium  Cuvieri  ;  and 
Description  of  the  Most  Celebrated  Fossil 
Animals  in  Ro.yal  Museums  of  Europe.  H- 
died  in   1906   in   Rochester,   N.Y. 

Ward,  Henry  Baldwin,  educator,  scien- 
tist, was  born  jNIarch  4,  1865,  in  Troy,  N.Y. 
►Since  1893  he  has  been  dean  of  the  college 
of  medicine  and  professor  of  zoology  at  the 
university  of  Nebi'aska.  He  is  a  fellow  of 
the  American  association  for  the  advance- 
ment of  science. 

Ward,  Henry  Clark,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Massachusetts.  In  1802  he  was  first  ser- 
geant in  the  twenty-fifth  regiment  Connec- 
ticut infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  vohiiitcers.  He  was 
honorably  mustered,  out   in   1865. 

Ward,  Henry  Clay,  soldier,  was  born  Sept. 
10,  1843,  in  AVorcoster,  Mass.  In  1861  he 
enlisted  in  the  civil  war  as  a  private  sol- 
dier; and  in  1863  was  honorably  mustered 
out.  In  1864  he  was  appointed  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  fiflyscventh  Massachusetts  in- 
fantry ;  and  in  1S66  was  appointed  t.o  the 
regular  army.  In  1905  he  was  retired  with 
the  rank  of  l)rigadier-general. 

Ward,  Henry  Dana,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1707  in  Massaclnisetts.  Ho  was 
a  baptist  clergyman ;  and  an  opponent  of 
freemasonry.  He  was  author  of  Freema- 
sonry, Its  Pretensions ;  The  Gospel  of  the 
Kingdom ;  The  History  of  the  Cross ;  and 
The  Fnitli  of  Al)raham  and  Christ.  He  died 
in  1884  in  Massachusetts. 

Ward,  Henry  Galbraith,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  April  19.  1851.  ni  New  York  City. 
In  1873  he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 
law  ;  and  since  1907  has  been  judge  of  the 
I'nited  State:,  circuit  court  for  the  second 
circuit  of  New  Y'ork. 

Ward,  Herbert  Dickinson,  author,  was 
boru  .lune  30.  1861.  in  Waltliauj.  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Captain  of  the  Kit- 
tie  Wink  ;  A  Dash  to  the  Pole ;  The  New 
Senior  at  Andover;  The  White  Crown,  and 
Other  Stories ;  The  Burglar  Who  ]\Joved 
Paradise;  The  Master  of  the  Magicians; 
The   Lost   Hero ;   and   A   Dash   to   the  Pole 

Ward,  Horatio,  banker,  philanthropist, 
was  iiorn  in  1810  in  New  York  City.  Ho 
bociuoatlied  one  hundred  thousand  to  the  Na- 
tional soldiers'  and  sailors'  home  of  Wash- 
ington, D.C. ;  and  an  equal  sum  for  the  ed- 
ucation of  soldiers'  orplmns.  He  died  in 
April.    1868.    in    England. 

Ward,  James  H.,  laAvyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  30,  1853,  in  Chicago,  111. 
He  was  elected  supervisor  of  the  town  of 
West  Chicago  in  1879.  He  \\as  a  presi- 
dential elector  in  1884.  In  1883-87  he  was 
a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the  forty- 
ninth  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Ward,  James  Harman,  naval  ofTicor,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1806  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
Ho  was  a  United  States  naval  ofhcor.  He 
was  tlie  autiior  of  Elementary  Course  of  In- 


struction in  Naval  Gunnery ;  Manual  of 
Naval  Tactics;  and  Steam  for  the  Million. 
He  died  .lune  27,  1861,  near  Matthias  Point, 
Conn. 

Ward,  James  Thomas,  educator,  clergy- 
man, autlior.  popt.  Mas  born  Aug.  21.  1820, 
in    (Jeorgetown,    D.(J.      He    filled    pastorates 

in  various  jn-ominent 
churches  of  Ma^ry- 
1  a  n  d.  Pennsylvania 
and  West  Virginia. 
He  is  the  author  of 
Fifty  Short  Letters 
to  Save  Souls ;  A 
Tribute  to  the  Mem- 
ory of  George  A. 
Johnson  ;  Thank.^giv- 
ing  Sermon  and 
Christmas    Poem  ; 

Sunday      Address      in 

Khyme ;  Daily  Man- 
ual for  Bible  Readers ;  and  a  series  of  sixty 
papers  entitled  Sketches  and  Reminiscences 
of  American  Protestant  Ministers.  In 
1868-86  he  was  president  of  the  Western 
^laryland  college  ;  and  in  1886-97  was  pres- 
ident of  the  Westminster  theological  sem- 
inary of  the  methodist  protestant  church. 
He  died  [March  4.  1897,  in  Westminster,  Md. 
Ward,  James  Warner,  librarian,  poet,  was 
born  June  5.  1817.  in  Newark,  N.J.  He 
was  librarian  in  1874-95  of  the  Grosvenor 
library  at  P.ulTalo.  N.Y.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Homo-Made  Vei"ses  and  Stories  in 
Iihynie:  Yorick,  and  Other  Poems;  and 
Higiier  Water,  a  parody  upon  Hiawatha. 
H/'  died  in  P.uiraln.  N.Y. 

Ward,  James  William,  physician,  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  March  14,  1861,  in  Min- 
neapolis. Minn.  He  held  the  chair  of  physi- 
ology in  the  Hahnemann  medical  college  in 
1885-86.  He  is  tlie  author  of  A  Y'ear's  Work 
at    tlie    Snnatorium    Without   a   Death.       ^ 

Ward,  Jasper  D.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Chicago,  Ills.  In  1873-75  he 
.was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the 
forty-third  congress ;  and  five  days  after,  its 
adjournment  was  api)oiMted  TTnited  States 
attorney  for  the  southern  district  of  Illinois 
in  1875.  He  died  Aug.  6.  1902.  in  Denver, 
Colo. 

Ward,  John,  clergvuian,  founder,  was 
born  Nov.  5.  1606.  in  England.  In  1639  he 
came  to  America ;  and  in  1640  .settled  in 
Pentucket,  Mass.  He  was  given  permission 
to  build  a  settlement  on  the  ^Merrimack  riv- 
er, which  he  named  Haverhill.  He  was  or- 
dained the  first  minister,  where  he  preached 
for  fifty  years.  He  died  Dec.  27,  1693.  in 
Haverhill,  Mass. 

Ward,  John,  soldier,  physician,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Nov.  30,  1838,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Overland 
Route  to  C.'ilifornia.  and  Other  Poems.  ^ 

Ward,  John  Elliott,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
diplomat,  was  horn  Oct.  2,  1814,  in  Suubury. 
Ga.  In  1838  he  was  appointed  United 
States    district    attorney    for    Georgia:    and 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


693 


the  following  year  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  state  legislature.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1845  aiul  1853  ;  and 
in  1854  was  elected  mayor  of  Savannah.  In 
1857  he  was  elected  a  state  senator,  and  was 
chosen  its  president.  In  1859-61  he  was 
rnited  States  minister  to  China,  lie  died 
in  1902  in  New  York  City. 
Ward,  John  Henry   Hobart,   soldier,   was 


horn  .Inne  17, 
served   in   the 


1825 


New  York  City. 


m  .New  lorK  «_;iiy.  He 
Mexican  and  civil  wars ;  and 
attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier  -  general  in 
1862.  He  took  part 
in  the  first  battle  of 
Bull  linn,  in  which 
his  regiment  lost  one 
hundred  and  twenty- 
six  men.  He  com- 
manded a  brigade  at 
Gettysburg,  the  bat- 
tle of  the  Wilderness, 
and  in  numerous  oth- 
er battles.  He  was 
deputy  county  clerk  of 
Now  York  county.  He  died  in  1903  in  New 
York  City. 

Ward,  John  Quincy  Adams,  sculptor,  art- 
ist, was  born  June  29,  1830,  in  Urbana, 
Ohio.  In  1861  he  opened  a  studio  in  New 
Y'ork,  where  he  has  since  resided.  In  1863 
he  became  a  member  of  the  National  acad- 
emy of  design.  The  Indian  Hunter,  com- 
pleted in  1864  and  now  in  the  Central  park, 
won  universal  praise  for  its  excellence  in 
design  and  execution.  New  York  City  also 
possesses  his  colossal  statue  of  a  citizen  sol- 
dier for  the  seventh  regiment ;  Shakespeare ; 
and   a   colossal   statue  of   Washington. 

Ward,  John  Tefft,  journalist,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  20,  1847,  in  Norway. 
N.Y.  He  received  a  thorough  education  ;  and 
in  1893  received  the  degree  of  D.D.  from 
Hillsdale  college.  In  1873-85  he  filled  pas- 
torates in  the  free  baptist  ohurch.  In  1889- 
98  he  was  editor  of  The  Free  Baptist  at 
^liuneaimlis.  Minn.:  and  since  1898  has  filled 
the  chair  of  systematic  theology  and  home- 
letics  in  Hillsdale  college,  Mich.,  except 
when  he  was  traveling  for  study  on  leave  of 
absence  from  the  college  in  1905-06.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Free  Baptist  Cyclopajdia. 
Ward,  Jonathan,  state  senator,  congres.o 
man.  was  born  in  Westchester  county,  N.Y 
ill-  was  a  state  senator  from  Westchestc 
county  in  1807-10.  In  1815-17  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fourteenth  congress.  He 
dif'd  in  Westchester  county.  N.Y. 

Ward,  Josiah  Marion,  soldier,  was  born  in 
.Ninth  Carolina.  In  18'!2  he  was  '•a]»l.iin  in 
the  fourteenth  regiment  Wisconsin  infantry  ; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
iif  vulunti'ers.  He  was  iionorably  mustered 
(lul    in   1865. 

Ward,  Julius  Hammond,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  Oct.  12,  1837,  in 
Charlton.  Mass.  He  was  an  episconal  clergy- 
nniii  ;  antl  on  the  staff  of  The  Boston  Her- 
ald.  He  was  the  author  of  Life  of  J.  G.  Per- 


cival ;  The  Bible  in  Modern  Thought ;  Life 
of  Bishop  White  ;  Phillips  Brooks  in  Massa- 
chusetts;  The  Church  in  Modern  Society; 
and  The  White  Mountains,  a  Guide  to  Their 
Interpretation.  Ho  died  May  3,  1897,  in 
Worcester,   Mass. 

Ward,  Lester  Frank,  botanist,  geologist, 
autliur,  was  born  June  IS,  1841,  in  Joliet, 
111.  He  is  a  botanist  and  geologist  em- 
ployed in  the  United  States  geological  sur- 
vey. He  is  the  author  of  Guide  to  the 
Flora  of  Washington  and  Vicinity;  Sketch 
of  Paleontological  Botany;  Synopsis  of  the 
Flora  of  the  Laramie  Group;  Types  of  the 
Laramie  Flora;  Geographical  Distribution 
of  Fossil  Plants;  Dynamic  Sociologj';  Tlie 
Psychic  Factors  of  Civilization;  The  Prin- 
ciples of  Sociology;  Heackel's  Genesis  of 
INlan;   and  Textbook  of  Sociology. 

Ward,  Levi,  physician,  banker,  was  born 
■  hily  1^1),  1771,  in  Madison,  Conn.  He  es- 
tablished mail  routes;  and  carried  on  mer- 
cantile business  at  various  points.  He  also 
practiced  medicine;  and  in  1817  removed 
to  Rochester,  where  he  became  president  of 
the  first  savings  bank,  and  also  of  the 
Rochester  bank.  He  died  Jan.  4,  1861,  in 
Rochester,  N.Y. 

Ward,  Mrs.  Lydia  Avery  Coonley,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1845,  in  Lynch- 
burg, Va.  In  1895-96  she  was  president  of 
the  Chicago  woman's  club.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Under  the  Pines  and  Other  Ver.ses; 
Singing  Verses  for  Children;  Love  Songs; 
and  Washington  and  Lincoln. 

Ward,  Marcus  Lawrence,  manufacturer, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Nov.  9. 
1812,  in  Newark,  N.J.  In  1866-69  he  was 
the  twenty-first  governor  of  New  Jersey. 
In  1873-75  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
forty-third  congress.  He  died  April  25, 
1884,  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Ward,  Mrs.  Mary  Snedekor,  musician  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Troy,  N.Y.  She  graduated 
from  the  Troy  female  college,  and  after- 
wards received  instruction  in  the  lang\uiges 
under  i)rivate  tutors;  and  received  her  mu- 
sical instruction  from  eminent  professors. 
She  is  connected  with  various  societies;  has 
been  vice-president  of  the  Domestic  training 
association  of  Orange,  N.J.;  and  maiuxg'.'r 
of  the  Orange  woman's  exchange;  and  was 
one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Daughters  of 
the  revolution  in  New  Jersey,  and  was  its 
first  state  secretary.  She  was  on  the  edu- 
cational committee  of  Ivssex  county  for 
woman's  work  at  the  Worlu's  Columbian 
exposition.  She  has  visited  every  ca|)ital 
city  in  ICnrone;  has  been  a  correspondent 
for  tlu-  nietro|)olitan  jires.s.  and  is  the  au- 
thor of  interesting  Sketches  of  Egypt,  aiul 
Random  Leaves  of  European  Travel.  For 
four  years  she  was  New  Jersey  state  regent 
and  has  been  vice-|iresident  of  the  general 
society  of  the  Daugliters  of  the  revolution. 
She  is  vice-president  of  the  Emma  Willard 
association;  a  member  of  the  Colonial 
dames  society;  a  un-mber  of  the  National 
society    of    patriotic    women    in    America;    a 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


member  of  the  Monmouth  count}'  historical 
society;  a  member  ol'  the  past  parliament 
club  of  JNew  lork;  a  member  ot  me  llevolu- 
tionary  memorial  society  of  New  Jersey; 
and  a  member  of  McAU  mission  society  and 
woman's  club  of  Orange,  N.t,^. 

Ward,  Matthew  Flournoy,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  11),  182G,  in  ycot*. 
county,  Ky.  He  was  a  writer  of  Louisville 
He  was  the  author  of  Letters  from  Three 
Continents;  and  English  Items.  He  died 
Sept.  30,   1862,  in  Helena,  Ark. 

Ward,  Matthias,  congressman.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  about  1800  in  El- 
bert county,  Ga.  He  served  a  number  of 
years  in  the  congress  of  the  Texas  republic; 
and  when  it  became  a  state  was  elected  to 
the  state  senate.  In  1857-61  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Texas.  He  died  Oct. 
13,   1861,  in  Raleigh,  N.C. 

Ward,  Mrs.  May  Alden,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  18.33  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
She  is  the  author  of  Petrarch ;  Dante ; 
Sketch  of  His  Lif  eand  Works;  Old  Colony 
Days;  and  Prophets  of  the  Nineteenth  Cen- 
tury. 

Ward,  Milan  Lester,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Dec.  24,  1829,  in  Mere- 
dith, N.Y.  In  1883-87  he  was  president;  in 
1887-1906  was  professor  of  mathematics; 
and  since  1906  has  been  professor  emeritus 
in  the  Ottawa  university,  Kan. 

Ward,  Nathaniel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1580  in  England.  He  was  a  puri- 
tan clergyman  of  Ipswich  in  1034-36;  a 
resident  of  the  colony  of  Massaeliusetts  un- 
til 1646;  he  returned  to  England,  and  was 
rector  of  Shcnfield  in  Essex  in  1647-52.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Simple  Cobbler  of 
Aggavvam  in  America;  A  Religious  Re- 
treat Sounded  to  a  Religious  Army;  and  A 
Sermon  Lefore  Parliament.  He  died  in 
1652  in  England. 

Ward,  iRichard,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  April  15,  1689  in  Newport,  R.I.  In 
1712-13  he  was  attorney-general  of  Rhode 
Island;  and  recorder  in  1714-30.  In  1741- 
43  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Rhode 
Island.  He  died  Aug.  21,  1763,  in  Newport, 
R.I. 

Ward,  Richard  Halsted,  botanist,  micros- 
copist.  was  born  June  17,  1837,  in  Bloom- 
licld,  N.J.  He  was  professor  of  botany  in 
the  Rensselaer  polytechnic  institute  in 
1869-92;  and  governor  of  the  Marshall  in- 
firmary and  sanitarium  since  1868.  As  an 
expert  in  microscopical  examinations  he 
was  one  of  the  first  to  discriminate  between 
(lilicvent  kinds  of  blood;  and  has  published 
some  original  investigations.  Since  1875  he 
has  been  manager  of  the  American  postal 
mieroseo])ical   club  of  Troy,  N.Y. 

Ward,  Robert  DeCourcy,  educator,  mete- 
orologist, author,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1867, 
in  Boston,  Mass.  Since  1900  he  has  been 
assstant  ])rofessor  of  climatology  at  Har- 
vard tuiiversily.  He  is  the  author  of  Prac- 
tical   Exercises   in    Klemcntary   Meteorology. 


Ward,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  May  27,  1725,  in  Newport,  R.I.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  general  assembly  in 
1756-59;  in  1761-62  was  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Rhode  Island;  and  in 
1762-63  and  1765-67  was  colonial  governor. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Rhode 
Island  college,  now  known  as  Brown  uni- 
versity. In  1774-76  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Rhode  Island  to  the  continental  congress. 
He  died  March  26,  1776,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Ward,  Samuel,  banker,  founder,  was  born 
.May  1,  1786,  in  Rhode  Island.  In  1838  he 
secured  through  the  bank  of  England  a 
loan  of  nearly  five  million  dollars  to  enable 
the  banks  to  resume  specie  payments;  and 
established  the  bank  of  commerce  of  New 
York  City,  becoming  its  president.  He  died 
Nov.  27.   1839,  in  New  York  City. 

Ward,  Samuel  Baldwin,  educator,  physi- 
cian, was  born  June  8,  1842,  in  New  York, 
in    1861    he  graduated   from   Columbia   uni- 

versitj'  as  INI.D.,  and 
in  1864  received  the 
nonorarv  d  e  g  i  e  e  ot 
A.M.  in  1864  he 
graduated  from 
G  e  o  r  getown  univer- 
sity ;  and  received  the 
honorary  degree  of 
Ph.D.  from  Union 
college.  In  1867-/ 0 
he  was  professor  of 
a  n  a  t  o  m  y ;  and  in 
1870-76  was  professor 
of  surgery  in  the 
Woman's  medical  college  of  the  New  York 
infirmary.  In  1876-84  he  was  professor  of 
surgical  pathology;  and  since  1884  has  been 
professor  of  tlieory  and  practice  of  medicine 
in  the  Albany  medical  college.  He  was 
president  of  tlie  JMcdical  society  of  the  state 
of  New  Y'ork;  was  president  of  the  board  of 
trustees  of  Dudley  observatory;  and  was 
president  of  the  Albany  county  medical  so-' 
cietj'. 

Ward,  Seth,  clergyman,  bishop,  Avas  born 
Nov.  15,  1858,  in  Leon  county,  Texas.  He 
filled  pastorates  at  Ivosse,  Calvert,  Galves- 
ton, Huntsville  and  Houston,  Texas.  In 
1906  he  was  elected  bishop  of  that  church. 
He  died  Sept.  20,  1909,  in  Japan. 

Ward,  Susan  Hayes,  educator,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1838,  in  Abing- 
ton,  Mass.  She  has  taught  china  decora- 
tion and  embroidery;  and  in  1899-03  was 
art  critic  of  the  iNew  York  Independent. 
She  is  the  author  of  Sabrina  Ilackett;  The 
(ireen  Guess  Book;   and  other  works. 

Ward,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1765  in  New  Jersey.  In  1813-17  he  was  a 
re])resentative  from  New  Jersey  to  the  thir- 
teenth and  fourteenth  congresses.  He  died 
Feb.  4,  1842,  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Ward,  Thomas,  ])liysician,  author,  poet, 
was  born  June  8,  1807,  in  Newark,  N.J.    He 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


595 


studied   at   Princeton   and   Rutgers   medieul 

_^ colleges  of  New  York 

City;  and  jjrieticed 
li  i  s  inofession  for 
alif)ut  tliree  years,  lie 
afterward  followed  a 
life  of  literary  lei- 
sure. He  built  a  largo 
in  u  s  i  c  hall  in  his 
retiitlence;  and  gave 
musical  eiiteriaiu- 
nients.  He  was  the 
author  of  A  Month  of 
Freedom;  Passaic,  a 
grou})  of  poems;  War 
Lyrics;  Flora,  or  the  (gypsy's  Frolic,  a  pas- 
toral opera  for  which  he  also  wrote  the 
music  and  which  had  several  public  and 
private  presL-ntations  for  the  benotit  of 
charital)le  objects.  He  died  Apr.l  1:3,  1S73, 
in  New  York  City. 

Ward,  Thomas,  clergyman;  missionary, 
b  shop,  was  born  Sept.  28.  1S2;5.  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  pruached  in  Pennsylvania,  New 
Yorl  and  Xew  England;  and  was  the  first 
seere,  iry  of  the  New  England  conference  of 
his  church.  He  asked  to  be  sent  to  do  mis- 
sionary work  on  the  Pacific  coast,  and  ar- 
rived there  in  1854;  but  returned  in  lS(iU  to 
meet  the  general  conference  in  Pittsburgh. 
He  was  elected  hisliop  in  1808.  Since  1884 
he  has  had  charge  of  xVrkaiisas,  Louisiana, 
and  the   Indian  territory. 

Ward,  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born  March 
18,  LS.-J!),  in  West  Point.  N.Y.  During  18.ji)- 
Ct'.i  lie  was  a  cadet  at  the  military  academy; 
he  graduated  and  was  promoted  in  the 
army  to  second  lieutenant  of  the  first  ar- 
tillery. He  served  in  the  civil  war:  and 
was  brevetted  captain  for  good  conduct  and 
gallant  services.  During  1873-77  h-,^  was 
professor  of  military  science  at  the  L'nion 
college  of  Schenectady,  N.Y.;  was  promoted 
to  captain  of  first  artillery  in  1876;  assist- 
ant adjutant-general  in  1S.S4;  and  lieuten- 
ant-colonel and  assistant  adjutant-general 
in  1S!».'5.  lie  is  a  brig.id  er-gi'neial  in  the 
Initcd  States  army;  now  retireii. 

Ward,  Thomas  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  '27,  18;j.l.  in 
Marysville,  Ohio.  In-18<)l-U.)  he  was  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Lafayette,  Ind.  He  served 
six  y«'ars  as  city  attorney;  ami  in  1875-80 
was  .pidge  of  the  superior  court  fif  Tijjpe- 
canoe  county.  In  1883-87  In;  was  a  lepre- 
sentat  ve  from  Indiana  to  the  forty-eighth 
and  forlv-iiinth  congresses  as  a  democrat, 
lie  died  .Ian.  1.  1S02.  in  I'iainliidil.  Ind. 

Ward,  Willard  Parker,  mining  eimineer, 
was  born  (»cl.  I'l,  list.'),  in  New  \<)\k  City. 
Since  18G9  he  lias  bct'n  engaged  in  profes- 
sional work;  and  was  llie  first  maker  of 
fciro-manganesc  in  the  Ciiited  Stales.  For 
fifteen  years  he  was  engaged  in  the  gold  ami 
silver  ininiiij,'  in  tlu'  far  west. 

Ward,  William,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  dan.  1,  1837,  in  Philaihdphia,  I'a.  In 
1877-83  he  was  a  repres('ntativt'  from  Penn- 
sylvania  to  the  forty-fifth,   forty-si-\th   and 


forty-seventh  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
died  Feb.  8,  18!)4,  in  Chester,  Pa. 

Ward,  William  Greene,  lawyer,  soldier, 
was  born  July  :^U,  1832,  in  New  York  eity. 
In  1863  he  served  as  colonel  of  the  regi- 
ment in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign.  After 
the  civil  war  he  was  made  a  brigadier-gen- 
eral in  the  state  militia  service;  and  served 
for  nearly  twenty  years. 

Ward,  William  Godman,  educator,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1848,  iii 
Sandusky,     Ohio.      In     1872    he    graduated 

from  the  Ohio  Wes- 
1  0  y  a  n  university; 
graduated  from  the 
Drew  theological  sem- 
inary; and  pursued 
his  studies  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Halle  and 
at  Berlin.  He  has  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
A.M.  and  B.D.  For 
four  years  lie  was 
principal  of  public 
schools  and  normal 
schools.  In  1887-90 
he  was  a  professor  of  the  Baldwin  univer- 
sity  of  Ohio;  in  1890-92  was  president  of 
Spokane  college;  in  1893-98  was  professor 
of  English  literature  at  Syracuse  univer- 
sity; and  since  that  time  has  been  professor 
of  English  literature  at  Emerson  college.  He 
is  the  author  of  Tennyson's  Debt  to  Envir- 
onment; The  Poetry  of  Robert  Browning; 
Art  for  Schools;  and  Studies  in  Literature. 
Ward,  William  Hayes,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, archiTJologist,  author,  was  born  June 
25,  1835,  in  Abington,  Mass.  He  is  a  con- 
gregational clergyman  of  New  Y^ork  City; 
editor  of  The  Independent  ;and  eminent  as 
an  Assyriologist.  He  is  the  author  of  Notes 
on  Oriental  Antiquities. 
Ward,  William  Lukens,  manufacturer, 
born    Sept.    2,    1856,    in 


congressman,    was 
Ctreenwich,   Conn. 


He  received  a  thorough 


education  in  the  pub- 
lic schools;  attended 
the  Friends  semi- 
nary; and  in  1878 
graduated  from  the 
School  of  Mines  of 
Columbia  university. 
For  many  years  ne 
has  devoted  his  time 
and  energies  to  man- 
ufacturing; and  in 
president  of  the  Rus- 
s<dl.'  B  u  r  d  s  a  1  1  and 
Ward  bolt  and  nut 
company  of  I'ort  Ciiester,  N.Y.  In  i8!)7-;»9 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  fifty-fifth  ctnigress  as  a  re]iublicaii. 
lie  was  chairnian  of  the  republican  county 
coininitfee  of  Westchesti-r  county,  N.Y. ;  a 
member  of  the  New  York  state  rejiublican 
committee;  and  a  member  of  the  executive 
committee  of  the  rcjiiiblican  national  com- 
mittee. Ho  is  a  member  of  the  i'Jngineers, 
Railway   ami    Republican    clubs;    a    member 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


of  the  Fairfield  county  golf  club;  a  mem- 
ber of  the  American  yacht  and  Lavclimont 
clubs. 

Ward,  William  Thomas,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  9,  1808,  in 
Amelia  county,  Va.  In  1851-53  he  was  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty- 
second  congress.  He  was  appointed  briga- 
dier-general in  the  National  army  in  18G1; 
and  brevetted  major-general  in  18G5.  He 
died  Oct.  12,  1878,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Warden,  Charles  Henry,  soldier,  banker, 
was  born  Sept.  16,  1838,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1862-63  he  served  as  a  soldier  during  the 
civil  war  in  the  twenty-ninth  regiment  New 
Jersey  volunteers.  He  is  cashier  of  the 
Farmers'  and  ]Merchants'  National  bank  of 
Matawan;  and  treasurer  of  the  Matawan 
building  and  loan  association.  He  is  also 
treasurer  of  the  Presbyterian  church;  and 
secretary  of  the  Alatawan  literary  society. 
Warden,  David  Baillie,  diplomat,  author, 
was  born  in  1778  in  Ireland.  He  was  a 
consul  and  secrektry  of  the  Uniteu  States 
legation  at  Paris  in  1804-45.  He  was  the 
author  of  Origin  and  Nature  of  Consular 
Establishments;  Inquiry  Concerning  the  in- 
tellectual and  Moral  Faculties  and  Litera- 
ture of  the  Negroes;  Description  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia;  and  a  Statistical  History 
of  the  United  States.  He  died  Oct.  9,  1845, 
in  Paris.  France. 

Warden,  Robert  Bruce,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  18,  1824,  in  Bardstown,  Ky. 
He  is  a  lawyer  formerly  of  Cincinnati ;  and 
since  1873  of  Washington.  He  is  the  author 
of  A  Familiar  Forensic  View  of  Man  and 
Law;  A  Voter's  Version  of  the  Life  ana 
Character  of  Stephen  Douglas;  and  Private 
Life  of  Salmon  Chase. 

Warder,  George  Woodward,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  May  20,  1848,  in  Rich- 
mond,  Mo.      He  was   the   author   of   Poetic 

Writings  or  Collegs 
Poems;  in  1874  Eden 
Dell,  or  Love's  Wan- 
derings ;  and  the  third 
volume,  a  collection  of 
,.^-  *•»>  ],ig    fljiest   poems,    en- 

titled    tlie     Utopian 
^-^  Dreams     a  n  d     Lotus 

Leaves,  was   issued 
^^^  from  London  press  in 

k^^lCdHftk^      1885.      He    was     also 
the    author    of    After 
All   Things;    Conflicts 
Between   Man   and 
Mammon;    and   New   Cosmogbny.     He   died 
in  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Warder,  John  Aston,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  19,  1812,  near  Philadelphia. 
Pa.  He  was  a  Cincinnati  pliysieian;  and 
very  active  in  promoting  a  general  interest 
in  forestry  and  landscape  gardening.  He 
was  the  author  of  Hedge  Manual;  and 
American  Pomology.  He  died  July  14,  1883, 
in  Nortli  Bend.  Oliio. 

Warder,  Robert  Bowne,  educator,  chem- 
ist, scientist,  was  born  March  28,   1848,  in 


ington 


Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  was  engaged  in  teach- 
ing chemistry  and  physics;  and  in  1883-87 
was  state  chemist  of  Indiana.  In  1887  he 
removed  to  Washington,  D.C.;  and  contrib- 
uted papers  to  society  transactions  and  sci- 
entific journals.  He  died  in  1905  in  Wash- 
D.C. 
Wardwell,  Daniel,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  May  28, 
1791,  in  Bristol,  R.I.  He  was  four  times 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  New  York  from 
Rome;  and  was  for  several  years  judge  of  a 
county  court.  In  1831-37  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
second,  twenty-third  and  twenty-fourth  con- 
gresses. He  died  March  27,  1878,  in  Rome, 
N.Y^ 

Ware,  Ashur,  educator,  journalist,  law- 
yer, jurist,  author,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1782, 
in  Sherburne,  Mass.  In  1817 'he  moved  to 
Portland,  Maine;  was  district  judge  of  the 
United  States  court  for  the  district  of 
Maine  in  1822-66;  and  was  first  secretary 
of  state  for  Maine  in  1820.  He  was  the 
author  of  Reports  of  Cases  in  the  United 
States  District  Court  of  Maine,  from  1822 
to  1839;  and  several  legal  essays  and  ora- 
tions. He  died  Sept.  10,  1873,  in  Portland, 
Maine. 

Ware,  Catherine  Augusta,  litterateur,  po- 
et, was  born  in  1797  in  Quincy,  Mass. 
Among  her  best  known  poems  are  Bower  of 
Taste;  and  Power  of  the  Passions:  She 
(lied  in  1843  in  Paris. 

V/'are,  Francis  Morgan,  horseman,  editor, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  3,  1858,  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.  Pie  has  been  manager  of 
various  racing  stables;  and  since  1894  has 
been  manager  and  director  of  the  American 
horse  exchange  of  New  l^ork  City.  He  has 
been  president  of  the  horse  fair  association; 
and  since  1890  a  regular  judge  at  all  horse 
shows  in  America.  He  is  the  author  of 
First  Hand  Bits  of  Stable  Lore;  Our  No- 
I)h>st  Friend,  the  Horse;   and  Driving. 

Ware,  Eugene  Fitch,  soldier,  lawyer,  leg- 
ishitor,  author,  poet,  was  born  May  29,  1841, 
in  Hartford,  Conn.     He  was  educated  in  the 

public  schools  of  Bur- 
lington,    Iowa.       He 
Jifr  served  through  the 

^  civil    war ;     and    was 

mustered   out  as  cap- 
tain.    In  1871  he  was 
admitted  to  the  prac- 
tice  of    law ;    and   for 
five     years     was     a 
member   of   the   Kan- 
sas state  senate.     He 
was  a  delegate  to  two 
national    republican 
conventions.    In   1902- 
United   States   pension   commis- 
later  was  a  meml)er  of  a  pros- 
firm  of  Topeka,  Kan.     Ho  was 
of   Coronado's   March,    a   prose 
translation  from  the  French;  Rhymes  of  the 
Ironquill;  Roman  Water  Law,  a  translation 
from  the  Latin;  From  Court  to  Court;  and 


05    he   was 
sioner;  and 
]icrou3  law 
11>e    author 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


591 


History  of  the  First  Iowa  Volunteer  Infan- 
try. He  died  July  2,  1911,  in  Colorado 
fcjprings,  Col. 

Ware,  Henry,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  April  1,  17G4,  in  Sherburne,  .Mas<.  He 
was  a  unitarian  clergyman  of  !Mas.saeliu- 
setts;  and  pastor  at  Hingham  in  1787-1805. 
His  election  in  1805  to  the  iloUis  professor- 
ship of  divinity  at  Harvard  university  pre- 
cipitated the  dissensions  which  ultimately 
resulted  in  dividing  the  congregatoual  body 
into  unitarian  and  trinitarian  portions.  Ho 
was  the  author  of  Letters  to  Trinitarians 
and  Calvinists;  and  Inquiry  into  Founda- 
tion, Evidences,  and  Truth  of  Religion.  He 
died  July  12,   1845,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Ware,  Henry,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
April  21,  1704,  in  Hingham,  Mass.  He  was 
a  unitarian  clergyman  of  ^Massachusetts; 
pastor  of  the  Second  church  in  Boston  in 
1817-30;  and  Parkman  professor  at  Har- 
vard university  in  1830-42.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Vision  of  Liberty,  an  ode;  Hints 
on  Extemporaneotis  Speaking;  Discourses 
on  the  Offices  and  Character  of  Christ;  Ser- 
mons on  Small  Sins;  On  the  Formation  of 
Christian  Character,  which  has  been  vciy 
widely  read ;  Life  of  the  Savior ;  and  Lives 
of  Priestley  and  Noah  Worcester.  He  d'ed 
Sept.  22,  1843,  in  Framingham,  Mass. 

Ware,  John,  educator,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  19,  1795,  in  Hingham,  ^lass. 
He  was  a  Boston  physician ;  and  professor 
of  medicine  at  Harvard  university  in  1832- 
58.  He  was  the  author  of  History  and 
Treatment  of  Delirium  Tremens;  Hints  to 
Young  ilen  on  the  Relation  of  the  Sexes; 
Success  in  the  Medical  Profession;  and  Life 
of  Henry  Ware.  He  died  April  29,  18(34,  in 
Boston,  Mass. 

Ware,  John  Fothergill  Waterhouse,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Aug.  31.  1818,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergj'- 
man  of  Cambridge,  Baltimore,  and  Boston. 
lie  was  tiie  author  of  Wrestling  and  Wait- 
ing; Sermons;  War  Tracts;  The  Silent  Pas- 
tor; and  Home  Life.  He  died  Feb.  20,  1881, 
in  Milton.  Mass. 

Ware,  Mrs,  Katherine  Augusta,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  1797  in  <^uincy,  Mass. 
She  was  the  wife  of  a  United  States  naval 
officer.  Siie  was  the  autiior  of  The  Power 
of  the  Passions,  and  Other  Poems.  She  died 
ill   lsi:{  ill   I'aris,  France. 

Ware,  Lewis  S.,  civil  engineer,  author, 
was  born  June  18,  1851,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  In  1900  he  was  a  menil)er  of  tlie  intfr- 
natiouiil  jury  to  the  Paris  exposition  to 
represent  the  cane  and  beet  sugar  industries 
of  the  United  States,  Cuba  and  Hawaii.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Sugar  Beet;  and  Sug- 
ar Beet   Maiinfafliiriiif.'  ami  Ivcliniiig. 

Ware,  Mrs.  Mary  Greene,  author,  was 
born  May  22,  1818,  in  Petersham.  Mass.  She 
is  the  author  of  Elements  of  Character; 
Thoughts  in  My  Oarden ;  and  Death  and 
Life.     She  dicl   in   Afassaeliusotls. 

Ware,  Nathaniel  A.,  litterateur,  author. 
was  born  Aug.   IG,   1789,  in  Abbeville,  S.C. 


He  was  a  southern  writer  whose  later  years 
were  spent  in  Philadelphia  and  Cincinnati. 
He  was  the  author  of  Views  of  the  Federal 
Constitution;  and  Notes  on  Political  Lcon- 
oray.     He  died  in  1854  in  Galveston,  Texas. 

Ware,  Nicholas,  United  States  senator, 
was  born  in  1709  in  Carolina  county,  \a. 
In  1821-24  lie  was  a  United  States  sienator 
from  Georgia.  He  died  Sejit.  7,  1824.  in 
Xew  York  City. 

Ware,  William,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  3,  1797,  in  Hingham,  [Mass,  He 
was  a  unitarian  clergjman  of  New  York 
City  in  1821-36.  He  was  the  author  of 
Letters  from  Palmyra,  republished  as  Zeno- 
bia;  Probus,  afterward  called  Aureliaii; 
Julian;  American  Unitarian  Biograpliy; 
Lectures  on  the  Works  of  Washington  All- 
ston;  Sketches  of  European  Capitals;  Life 
of  Nathaniel  Bacon  in  Spark's  American 
Biograpliy;  Sermons  Illustrative  of  Uni- 
tarian Christianity;  and  Unitarianism  the 
Doctrine  of  Matthew's  Gospel.  He  died 
Feb.  ]0,  1S52.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Ware,  William  Herbert,  poet,  was  born 
Dec.  24,  18G3,  in  England.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  an  Epic  Poem,  published  in  one 
volume. 

Ware,  William  Robert,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Ma^-  27,  1832,  in  Cambridge,  ]\Iass. 
He  has  been  a  professor  of  architecture  in 
Columbia  univcrsitj'  school  of  architecture 
in  1881-1903;  and  is  now  professor  emeri- 
tus. He  is  the  author  of  Modern  Perspec- 
tive; and  the  American  Vignola. 

Warfield,  Benjamin  Breckinridge,  educa- 
tor, clergyman,  author,  Mas  born  Nov.  5, 
1851,  in  Lexington,  Ky.  He  is  professor  of 
didactic  and  polemical  theology  at  Prince- 
ton theological  seminary  from  1887 ;  and  in 
1890-1902  was  editor  of  the  Presbyterian 
and  Reformed  Review.  He  is  the  author  of 
Die  Divine  Origin  of  the  Bible:  Tntindue- 
tion  to  the  Textual  Criticism  of  the  New 
Testament;  The  Canon  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment ;  The  Gospel  of  the  Incarnation ;  Two 
Studies  in  the  History  of  Doctrine;  The 
Riglit  of  Systematic  Study;  and  The  Lord 
of  (ilory. 

Warfield,  Mrs.  Catherine  Anne,  aiithor. 
poet,  was  born  June  (J,  1810,  in  Naiehez, 
!Miss,  She  was  a  Kentucky  novelist;  an(l 
with  her  sister  Eleanor  wrote  The  Wife  of 
Leon,  and  Other  Poems;  and  The  Indian 
Chamber,  and  Other  Poems.  She  was  also 
tlie  author  of  The  Household  of  Bonverie; 
Tlu!  Romance  of  the  (Jreen  Seal;  Miriam 
.Monfort;  Hester  Howard's  Temptation:  A 
Double  Wedding;  Lady  Ernestine;  ^l mam's 
Memoirs;  Sea  and  Sliore;  The  Canlinai's 
Daughter;  Feme  Fleming;  and  The  Ko- 
iiiaiiee  of  Beauseineourt.  Slie  died  ^lay  21, 
1S77.  in  Pewee  Valley,  Ky. 

Warfield,  Edwin,  lawyer,  governor,  was 
lioni  ^Iny  7.  18  tS.  in  llowanl  county.  Md. 
lie  was  e<liicated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Howard  county;  and  at  St.  Timothy's  hall 
of  Cantonsville,  Md.     He  was  founder  and 


598 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


president  of  the  Fidelity  and  deposit  com- 
pany of  Maryland.  He  has  been  state  sen- 
ator and  registrar  of  wills  of  Howard  coun- 
ty; and  in  1886  was  president  of  the  Mary- 
land state  senate.  In  1886  he  was  surveyor 
of  the  port  of  Bufl'alo;  and  in  1904-08  he 
was  governor  of  the  state  of  Maryland. 

Warfield,  Ethelbert  Dudley,  lawyer,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  March  16, 
1861,  in  Lexington,  Ky.  Since  1891  he  has 
been  president  of  the  Lafayette  college.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Kentucky  Resolutions 
of  1798;  The  Evening  House;  Christian 
Education;  Christopher  Columbus;  and 
Philip  Melanethon. 

Warfield,  Henry  R.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1871  in  Anne  Arundel  county,  Md.  In 
1819-25  he  was  a  representative  from  Mary- 
land to  the  sixteenth,  seventeenth  and  eigh- 
teenth congresses.  He  died  luarch  18,  1839, 
in   Frederick,  Md. 

Warfield,  William,  planter,  author,  was 
born  in  1827  in  Lexington,  Ky.  He  was  a 
successfiil  stockbreeder.  He  is  the  author 
of  History  of  Imported  Shorthorns;  Cattle 
Breeding;  and  other  works. 

Waring,  George  Edwin,  engineer,  author, 
was  born  July  4,  1833,  in  Boundridge,  N.Y. 
He  was  an  eminent  sanitary  engineer;  and 
in  189.5-98  was  superintendent  of  the  street- 
cleaning  department  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Sanitary  Drainage 
of  Houses  and  Towns;  A  Farmer's  Vaca- 
tion; The  Bride  of  the  Rhine;  Tyrol  and 
the  Skirt  of  the  Alps;  Village  Improve- 
ments; Farm  Villages;  Elements  of  Agri- 
culture; Draining  for  Profit  and  Draining 
for  Health;  Book  of  the  Farm;  How  to 
Drain  a  House;  Sewage  and  Land  Drain- 
age; Sanitary  Condition  of  City  ami  Coun- 
try Dwellings;  and  Modern  Methods  of 
Sewage  Disposal.  He  died  Oct.  30,  1898,  in 
New  York  City. 

Waring,  Mrs.  Malvina  Sarah,  writer,  au- 
tlior,  poet,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1842,  in  New- 
berry, S.C.  She  was  educated  at  the  city 
academy  of  Columbia,  S.C;  and  in  1859 
graduated  from  Limestone  college  of  South 
Carolina.  She  organized  the  first  chapter  of 
;he  Daughters  of  the  American  revolution 
in  Soutli  Carolina;  was  state  regent  for 
three  years;  and  vice-president  general  for 
two  years.  She  was  lady  manager  at  the 
Charleston  exposition;  and  for  two  years 
was  president  of  the  Columbia  choral  so- 
ciety.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Lion's 
Share;  That  Sandhillor;  and  a  number  of 
short  stories  and  poems. 

Warman,  Philip  Graveling,  journalist,  bib- 
liographer, autlior,  was  born  July  27,  1859, 
in  Warren  county,  N.J.  He  taught  school 
and  read  law;  aiid  since  1894  has  been  edi- 
tor in  the  United  States  geological  survey. 
He  is  the  author  of  Bibliograpliy  and  Index 
of  I'ublications  of  tlie  United  States  Geo- 
logical Siirvey. 

Warman,  Cy,  journalist,  author,  poet,  was 
boni   June   22,    1855,   in   Greenup.   111.     He 


was  a  farmer  and  wheat  broker  of  Poca- 
hontas, HI.;  and  in 
1880  went  to  Colo- 
rado. In  1888  he  was 
editor  of  the  Western 
Railway  of  Denver, 
Col.;  and  in  1892  was 
editor  of  the  Chron- 
icle of  Creede,  Col. 
He  was  introduced  to 
notice  as  the  Poet  of 
the  Rockies.  In  189S 
he  went  to  New  York ; 
and  spent  two  years 
in  travel  in  Europe 
and  the  'Orient.  He  spent  two  years  in 
Washington;  and  built  a  residence  in  Lon- 
don, Canada.  He  is  the  author  of  Tales  of 
an  Engineer;  The  Express  Messenger; 
Frontier  Stories;  The  Story  of  the  Rail- 
road; The  White  Mail;  Snow  on  the  Ilead- 
liglit;  Short  Rails;  and  The  Last  Spike. 
He  composed  Sweet  Marie,  a  song. 
Warmoth,  Henry  Clay,  soldier, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born 
1842,  in  McLeansboro,  111.  During 
war    he   was 


brigadier-general 


lawyer, 
May  9, 
the  civil 
of  the  Mis- 
souri state  troops.  He  began  the  practice 
of  law  in  New  Orleans  in  1865.  He  was 
sent  to  congress  by  the  republicans;  and  in 
1868-72  was  the  twentieth  governor  of  Lou- 
isiana. Previously  he  served  as  a  member 
of  the  general  assembly;  and  was  elected  to 
Ihe  constitutional  convention  of  1879.  He 
built  and  is  president  of  the  New  Orleans, 
Fort  Jackson  and  Grand  Isle  railroad. 

Warne,  Frank  Julian,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  IMarch  16,  1874,  in  Parkersburg, 
W.Va.  In  1903-06  he  was  editor  of  the 
Railway  World  of  Philadelphia.  Pa.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Slav  Invasion  and  the 
Mine  Workers;  The  Coal  Mine  Workers; 
and  Immigration  and  the  Southern  States,    y 

Warne,  Frank  W.,  clergyman,  bishop,  Avas 
born  Dec.  21,  1854,  in  Canada.  In  1900  he 
was  chosen  missionary  bishop  to  India  by 
the  general  conference  of  the  methodist 
episcopal  church. 

Warner,  Adoniram  Judson,  soldier,  mer- 
cliant,  congressman,  author,  was  born  Jan. 
13,  1834,  in  Wales,  N.Y.     He  was  educated 

at  Beloit,  Wis.;  and 
New  York  Central 
college.  He  was  prin- 
cipal of  the  Lewis- 
town  academy,  and 
superintendent  of  pub- 
lic schools  of  Mifflin 
county,  and  principal 
of  M  e  r  c  e  r  union 
schools.  Pennsvlvania, 
from  1856  to  1861. 
He  entered  the  army 
as  captain  in  a  Penn- 
sylvania regiment  in 
1861,  was  promoled  to  lieutenant-colonel 
and  colonel,  and  brevelled  brigadier-gen- 
eral.     He  served  through   the  war,   partici- 


HERRINGSHAWS   T.IBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


596 


paling  in  various  batllcs,  and  was  severely 
wounded  at  Antietani.  He  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  tlie  bar  in  1S05,  but  en- 
gaged in  otlier  business.  In  187n-81  and 
1883-87  he  was  a  re])resentative  to  the 
fortj'-sixlli,  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  is  a  success- 
ful dealer  in  railroad  coal  and  iron:  is 
president  of  the  Bimetallic  union  from  its 
formation;  and  in  addition  to  economic 
questions  he  has  been  a  student  of  geology, 
archaeology  and  kindred  sul)jects.  He  is  the 
author  of  Appreciation  in  ^loney;  and 
Source  of  \'alue  in  Money. 

Warner,  Alexander,  soldier,  farmer  legis- 
lator, l)anker.  was  born  Jan.  10,  1827,  in 
Smilhlicld.  Iv.I.     In   1801  he  was  appointed 

major  of  the  third 
regiment  Connecticut 
volunteer  iuiantrj'; 
and  lieutenant-colo- 
nel of  the  thirteenth 
regiment.  For  six 
years  was  a  member 
bcr  of  the  Mississippi 
state  senate ;  and 
part  of  the  time  its 
president  and  ox-ofli- 
c  i  o  lieutenant-gover- 
nor. For  two  years 
^  he    was    state    treas- 

urer of  Connecticut.  In  1888  he  moved  to 
Kansas;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  house 
of  representatives. 

Warner,  Amos  Griswold,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  21,  1861,  in  Elkader,  Iowa. 
He  is  a  professor  of  applietl  economies  in 
Leland  Stanford  junior  university.  He  was 
the  author  of  reports  as  superintendent  of 
charities  for  the  District  of  Columbia; 
American  Charities;  a  Study  in  Philan- 
thropy and  Economics;  and  Three  Phases 
of  Co-operation  in  the  West.  lie  died  Jan. 
17.  100(1.  in  Las  Cruces,  N.^f. 

Warner,  Anna  Bartlett,  Amy  Lothrop, 
author,  was  born  in  1820  in  New  York.  She 
is  the  author  of  Wych  Hazel;  Books  of 
Blessing;  and  Ellen  Montgomery's  Book- 
shelf. Among  her  separate  novels  and  re- 
ligious and  other  works  are,  Dollars  and 
Cents;  Mv  Brother's  Keeper;  Stories  of 
\'inegar  irill:  The  Fourth  Wateii;  The  Oth- 
er Sliore;  Tiireo  Little  Spades,  a  Child's 
Book  of  Canlening;  Gardening  by  Myself; 
I'p  and  Down  the.  House;  Say  and  Seal: 
Sybil  and  Chryssa;  Patience;  Sunday  -Ml 
the  Week:  Star  Out  of  Jacob.  What  Ailetli 
Thee?;  Little  Nurse  of  Cape  Cod;  The 
Light  of  the  .Morn'ng:  Blue  Flag  and  Cloth 
of  (Jold;  Yours  aird  Mine:  and  Cross  Cor- 
ners. 

Warner,  Mrs.  Anne,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  14.  1809,  in  St.  Paul.  .Minn. 
She  uses  the  pen-name  of  .\nne  Warner 
French.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Woman's 
Will;  Susan  Clegg  and  Her  Neighbors' 
Flowers;  Seeing  France  With  I'nele  John; 
.\n    Original    Ccntleman:    Your    Child    and 


^Mine;    and    the    play    The    Kejuvenation    of 
Aunt  Mary. 

Warner,  Beverley  Ellison,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  bdvn  Oct.  14,  IS.").'),  in  Jersey  City, 
N.J.  He  is  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  New 
Orleans.  He  is  the  author  of  English  His- 
tory in  Shakespeare's  Plays;  Troubled  Wa- 
ters; The  Facts  and  the  Faith:  and  Famous 
Introductions  to  Sliakes])eare"s  Plays. 

Warner,  Brainard  Henry,  real  estate, 
banker,  founder,  was  born  ^lay  20,  1847,  in 
(ireat  Bend,  Pa.  He  enlisted  as  a  volunteer 
nurse  in  the  regular  army  in  18(53;  and  was 
promoted.  He  afterward  held  a  civilian  oi- 
fice  in  the  treasury  department  in  18G0-67 ; 
and  in  1807-08  was  collector  of  internal 
revenue  at  Lancaster,  Pa.  Since  1809  he 
has  been  in  the  real  estate  business  in 
Washington,  D.C.  He  is  president  of  the 
Andyke  company;  and  has  erected  over  one 
thousand  homes  in  and  near  Washington. 
In  1890  he  founded  and  is  proprietor  of  tin' 
town  of  Kensington,  Md. 

Warner,  Charles  Dudley,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  12.  1829,  in  Plainfield, 
Mass.  He  has  been  editor  of  the  Hartford 
Courant  since  1807;  and  is  one  of  the  edi- 
tors of  Harper's  Magazine  since  1884.  He 
is  the  author  of  My  Summer  in  a  (iarden; 
Backlog  Studies;  Saunterings;  Being  a  Boy; 
Baddeek  and  That  Sort  of  Thing;  ^Mummies 
and  Moslems;  In  the  Wilderness;  Adiron- 
dack Essays;  Life  of  Washington  Irving; 
Life  of  Captain  John  Smith;  In  the  Levant; 
^'dy  Winter  on  the  Nile;  A  Koundabout 
Journey;  On  Horseback,  a  Tour  in  Virginia, 
North  Carolina,  and  Tennessee,  with  Notes 
of  Travel  in  Mexico  and  California;  The 
Work  of  Washington  Irving;  Studies  in  the 
South  and  West;  Southern  California;  A 
Little  Journey  in  the  World;  Their  Pil- 
grimage; The  Golden  House;  As  We  Go; 
As  \Ve  Were  Saying;  The  Relation  of  Lit- 
erature to  Life;  That  fortune;  and  Our 
Italy.  He  died  Oct.  20,  190t),  in  Hartford, 
Conn. 

Warner,  Darius  B.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ohio.  In  lS(i2  lie  was  major  in  the  one 
hundred  and  thirteenth  regiment  Ohio  in- 
fantry; and  in  1802  he  was  brevettod  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  resigned  in 
ISO.'). 

Warner,  Edward  Raynsford,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1853  he  was  a 
cadet  at  the  military  acailemy;  and  during 
llie  civil  war  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
genernl  (if  viiliiiiteers.     He  died  in   190.1. 

Warner,  Eliza  A.,  author,  was  born  about 
1840.  She  is  a  writer  of  Northampton. 
Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  Tom  Tracy; 
The  Pved  House;   and  Our  Two  Lives. 

Warner,  Ezra  Joseph,  menhant,  was  born 
.March  10,  1877.  lie  has  been  secretary  an<l 
director,  and  is  now  vice-president,  secre- 
tary and  director  of  Sprague,  Warner  and 
(•nnii)any,  wholesale  grocers  of  Chicago.  111. 
He  is  also  secretary,  treasurer  and  dircelor 
(if  the  Batavia  preservation  company. 


600 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Warner,  Fred  Maltby,  manufacturer,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  July  21,  1865,  in  England. 
In  1889  he  established  a  large  cheese  fac- 
tory in  Farmington,  Mich.;  and  is  now 
operating  twelve  factories;  and  conducts  a 
cold-storage  jjlant.  In  1895-98  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Michigan  state  senate.  For 
nine  years  was  a  member  of  the  village 
council  of  Farmington ;  and  seven  times  was 
elected  president  of  the  village.  In  1900  he 
was  elected  secretary;  and  since  1904  has 
been  governor  of  the  state  of  ilichigan. 

Warner,  George  Henry,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  21,  1833,  in  Plainfield,  ^Mass. 
In  1896-98  he  was  associate  editor  and  edi- 
torial manager  of  the  World's  Best  Litera- 
ture. He  is  the  author  of  The  Jewish 
Spectre. 

Warner,  Hiram,  educator,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born 
Oct.  ,29,   1802,   in   Hampshire  county,  Mass. 

In  1828-31  he  was  a 
representative  to  the 
general  assembly.  In 
1833-40  he  was  one  of 
the  judges  of  the  su- 
^-^^^-H.^  pcrior  courts  of  Geor- 

',iP||fWP^  gia.  In  1845-53  he 
was  one  of  the  judges 
of  the  state  supreme 
court.  In  1855-57  he 
\\a^  a  representative 
to  the  thirty-fourth 
congress.  He  died  in 
1881  in  Atlanta,  (Ja. 
Warner,  Horace  Everett,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  10,  1839,  in  Lake 
county,  Ohio.  During  the  civil  war  he 
served  as  a  private  soldier  in  the  twenty- 
second  regiment  Wisconsin  infantry;  and 
lost  an  arm  at  the  battle  of  I'esaca,  Ga.  In 
1873-85  he  practiced  law  in  Vinton,  Iowa; 
and  in  1887-1904  he  was  in  the  United 
States  civil  service.  He  is  tlie  author  of 
The  Ethics  of  Force;  and  the  Cricket's  Song 
and  Other  ^Melodies. 

Warner,  John  De  Witt,  educator,  lawyer, 
congi'essmaii,  was  born  Oct.  30,  1851,  in 
Schuyler   county,   N.Y.      For   four   years   he 

tilled  the  chairs  of 
Latin,  German,  and 
elocuticm  in  the  Ith- 
aca and  Albany  acad- 
emies. In  1891-95  he 
was  r  e  p  r  e  sentative 
from  New  York  City 
to  tlie  fifty-second  and 
lifty-third  congresses 
as  a  democrat,  and 
took  an  active  part  in 
t  a  r  i  IT,  finance  and 
commercial  matters, 
lie  practices  law  in 
New  York  City.  He  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  Shakespeare  club  of  Nc!W  York 
City;  and  the  author  of  Sound  Sequence  in 
Sliiikespeare  and  other  ])apers  on  Shakes- 
pearian subjects,  in  1892  he  was  the  tarifY 
reform    editor    of    the    New    York    Weekly 


World,  and  is  the  author  of  numerous  pam- 
phlets on  tariff  reform  and  finance.  He  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Reform  club;  and 
in  1895-90  was  cliairman  of  its  sound  cur- 
rency committee,  and  its  president  in  1897. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  National 
sculpture  society,  and  of  National  art  club, 
of  each  of  which  he  is  a  governor. 

Warner,  James  Meech,  manufacturer,  sol- 
dier, was  born  Jan.  29,  1836,  in  Middlebury, 
Vt.  He  served  throughout  the  civil  war; 
and  was  brevetted  brigadier-general.  He 
became  connected  witlu financial  and  paper 
manufacturing  interests  of  Albany,  N.Y.  He 
died  March  16,  1897,  in  New  York  City. 

Warner,  Levi,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Oct.  10,  1830,  in  Wethersfield,  Conn. 
He  received  a  liberal  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  New  England;  and  studied  law 
at  the  law  department  of  Yale  university 
and  at  the  Dane  law  school.  In  1859  he  be- 
gan the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Fair- 
field, Conn.,  and  tried  many  important 
cases.  In  1876  he  was  elected  to  the  forty- 
fourth  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by 
the  election  of  W.  H.  Barnum  to  congress. 
In  1877-79  he  was  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  to  the  forty-fifth  congress  as  a 
democrat.  He  served  on  various  committees 
and  was  an  able  legislator.  He  practiced  his 
profession  of  law  in  Wethersfield,  Conn., 
and  tlien  moved  to  Norwalk,  Conn.,  where 
he  has  a  large  practice  and  is  prominent 
ill  the  business  and  public  aflfairs  of  the  city. 
Warner,  Lucien  Calvin,  manufacturer, 
l)liilaiithr()pist,  was  born  Oct.  26,  1841,  in 
Cuyler,     N.Y.     Warner     Brothers     employ 

about  two  thousand 
operatives  in  their 
large  factory  in 
Bridgeport.  He  is  an 
interested  member  of 
the  chamber  of  com- 
merce of  New  Y'ork. 
He  gave  a  one  hun- 
dred thousand  dollar 
building  to  his  alma 
mater  at  Oberlin  for 
a  conservatory  of  mu- 
sic; was  active  and 
liberal  in  the  erection 
of  a  building  for  the  Harlem  branch  of  the 
Young  men's  christian  association;  and  in 
partnership  with  his  brother  has  built  an 
admirable  clubhouse  in  Bridgeport  at  a  cost 
of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars,  for  the  use 
of  the  girls  in  the  employment  of  the  firm. 
Warner,  M.  M.,  journalist,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Aug.  20,  1855,  in  Kichlaiid,  Iowa. 
He  is  a  publisher  of  Lyons,  Neb.  He  is  the 
author  of  Warner's  History  of  Dakota 
County;  and  a  volume  of  poems. 

Warner,  Millard  Fillmore,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  clergyman,  was  born  Oct.  15, 
1848,  in  Tuscarawas,  Ohio.  In  1887  he  be- 
came a  professor  in  the  Baldwin  university 
of  Berea,  Oliio;  and  in  1894  was  made 
president  of  that  institution. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


601 


Warner,  Olin  Levi,  sculptor,  was  born 
April  9,  1844,  in  bullicld,  Conn.  His  works 
include  a  colossal  medallion  of  Edwin  For- 
rest, which  was  exhibited  at  Philadelphia  in 
1876;  Dancing  Xymph;  a  fountain  for  Tort- 
land,  Ore.;  Diana;  portrait  statues  of  Gov- 
ernor William  A.  Buckingham,  placed  in 
the  capitol  in  Hartford  in  1883;  and  Will- 
iam Lloyd  Garrison  in  Boston.  He  died 
Aug.   14,   1896,  in  New  York  City. 

Warner,  Richard,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
Icgi-shitor,  congressman,  was  born  in  1835 
in  Tennessee.  He  served  in  the  confederate 
army  throughout  the  civil  war.  He  was  a 
representative  in  the  Tennessee  state  legis- 
lature in  1878.  In  1881-85  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Tennessee  to  the  forty-sev- 
enth and  forty-eighth  congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Warner,  Samuel  L.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  in  1829  in 
VVetherfield,  Conn.  In  1853  he  was  ap- 
pointed executive  secretary  of  state;  and  in 
1857  was  a  member  of  the  Connecticut  leg- 
islature. In  1861-65  he  was  elected  mayor 
of  Middletown.  In  1865-67  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Connecticut  to  tlie  thirty- 
ninth  congress. 

Warner,  Seth,  soldier,  was  born  May  17, 
1743,  in  lloxbury,  Conn.  As  second  in  com- 
mand, he  assisted  in  the  capture  of  Ticon- 
(leroga ;  ana  on  tlie  following  day  took  the 
important  post  of  Crown  Point  with  its 
garrison  and  one  hundred  and  thirteen  can- 
nons. For  this  he  was  given  a  colonel's 
commission  by  congress  in  1775.  He  re- 
mained in  the  army  until  1782.  He  died 
Dec.  26,  1784,  in  Roxbury,  Conn. 

Warner,  Sidney  Larders,  merchant,  bank- 
er, legislator,  was  born  April  10,  1829,  in 
Suffield,  Conn.  He  was  a  manufacturer  and 
dealer  in  cheese.  He  was  president  of  the 
First  national  bank  of  Wellington,  Ohio.  In 
1861-65  lie  was  a  member  of  the  Ohio  house 
of  representatives;  and  in  1865-69  was  state 
tren surer  of  Ohio. 

Warner,  Susan,  Elizabeth  Wetherell,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  11,  1819,  in  New  York 
City.  Slie  was  the  author  of  Wide,  Wide 
World;  Queechy ;  The  Old  Helmet;  Stephen, 
M.D. ;  The  Hills  of  the  Shatemuc;  Mel- 
bourne House;  Daisy;  Diana;  and  The  Law 
and  the  Testimonv,  a  theohigica]  work.  Slie 
die<l  March  17,  1885,  in  lligliland  Falls, 
N.Y.- 

Warner,  Vespasian,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, eoiigressnuiii.  was  born  April  23,  1842, 
in  Farmer  City,  HI.  In  1861  he  enlisledas 
a  private  soldier  in  company  E,  twentieth 
Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  was  commis- 
sioned a  second  lieutenant;  remained  in  the 
service  until  1866.  then  being  a  captain  and 
brevet  major.  He  was  colonel  and  judge 
advocate-general  of  Illinois;  and  was  elect- 
ed a  republican  presidential  elector  in  1888. 
In  1805-1905  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
ilfty-fourth,  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth and  fifty-eighth  congresses  as  a  repub- 


lican.    Since  1905  he  has  been  commissioner 
of  pensions  of  the  United  States. 

Warner,  Willard,  soldier,  farmer,  manu- 
facturer, banker,  United  States  senator,  was 
born  Sept.  4,  1826,  in  Granville,  Ohio.     He 

served  in  the  volun- 
teer army  in  1861-65 
as  major  and  lieuten- 
ant-colonel in  the  sev- 
enty-sixth r  e  g  i  ment 
Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try; and  in  1864  was 
appointed  colonel  of 
lh<-  one  hundred  and 
eightieth  regiment 
uiiio  volunteers.  He 
was  promoted  to  the 
ran  k  of  brigadier- 
general  and  major- 
general  by  brevet  for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious services.  He  served  two  years  in  the 
Ohio  state  senate  in  1866-67 ;  was  a  member 
of  the  Alabama  state  legislature  in  1868; 
and  in  1867-71  he  was  United  States  sen- 
ator from  Alabama.  He  was  appointed  gov- 
ernor of  New  Mexico  in  1872,  but  declined. 
In  1897-98  he  was  a  member  of  the  Tennes- 
see state  legislature.  He  was  a  manufac- 
turer of  pig  iron  in  1873-90.  He  died  in 
1906  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Warner,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  June  11,  1841,  in 
Wisconsin.  He  was  educated  at  the  Law- 
rence university  of  Wisconsin;  and  at  the 
university  of  Michigan.  In  1862-65  he 
served  in  the  thirty-third  and  forty-fourth 
Wisconsin  regiments  and  reached  the  rank 
of  major.  In  1867  he  settled  in  the  practice 
of  law  at  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  and  in  1867 
was  city  attorney;  in  1869  was  circuit  at- 
torney; and  in  1871  was  mayor  of  that  city. 
He  was  United  States  district  attorney  for 
the  western  district  of  Missouri.  In  188o- 
89  lie  was  a  representative  from  :Missouri  to 
the  forty-ninth  and  fiftieth  congresses  as  a 
lepiibliean.  In  1905-11  he  was  a  member  of 
tlie  United  States  senate  from  Missouri.  In 
1888-89  he  was  national  commander-in-chief 
of  the  Grand  army  of  the  republic. 

Warner,  William  Richard,  manufacturer, 
chcinisl.  was  born  Dec.  25,  1836,  in  Caroline 
countv,  Md.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  sugar-coated  pills;  and  many 
other  pharmaceutical  preparations  now 
used  all  over  the  world.  He  died  Apri  -, 
1901.  in  Pliiladelphia,  Pa. 

Warner,  Wyllys,  educator,  clergyman, 
founder,  was  horn  Jan.  6,  1800,  in  Ply- 
mouth, Conn.  I5v  his  personal  ellorts  a 
general  fund  of  one  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars was  secured  for  Yale  university;  and 
other  large  additions  were  made  to  the  re- 
sources of  the  theological  and  academical 
department.  In  1832-52  he  was  treasurer  of 
the  college;  and  in  1S58-69  he  was  secretary 
of  the  corporation.  The  old  divinity  college, 
the  college  library  building,  the  Hopkins 
grammar   school   building,   and   the   Lincoln 


602 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


schoolhouse  were  built  under  his  direction, 
and  in  part  with  the  funds  procured 
through  his  efforts.  He  died  Nov.  11,  1869, 
in  Chicago,  111. 

Warner,  Zebedee,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  28,  1833,  in  Pendleton  county,  Va. 
He  is  a  clergyman  of  the  sect  of  uniicd 
brethren  in  West  Virginia.  Me  is  the  au- 
thor of  Christian  Baptism;  Rise  and  Prog- 
ress of  the  United  Brethren  Church ;  Life  of 
Jacob  Buchtel;  and  The  Roman  Catholic 
Not  a  True  Christian  Clmrch. 

Warnock,    William    R.,     soldier,     lawyer, 

slate  senator,  jurist,  congressman,  was  born 
1838,   in   Urbana,   Ohio.     He  was 

..^^m&  educated       at       the 

>||JPP**^„  Ohio     Wesleyan     uni- 

JF"              ^i^^  versify.     During     the 

I        ^        pB  civil  war  he  was  bre- 

I      IfNl  W^  ^^^  lieutenant-colonel. 

I            ■                  ^  For  four  years  he  was 

j  prosecuting      attorney 

^_._.  of    his    county;    in 

W^  i                     w  1876-77    was    a    state 

.^^^  senator    in    the    Ohio 


Aug.   29 


["■ 


legislature;     and     for 


ten  years  was  judge  of 
court  of  e  o  in  m  o  n 
pleas.  In  1901-05  lie 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  fifty- 
seventh  and  fifty-eighth  congresses;  anu 
served  on  several  important  committees.  He 
is  United  States  pension  agent  at  Columbus, 
Ohio,  since  1906. 

Warren,  Arthur,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  May  18,  1860,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1888-97  he  was  London  correspondent  of  the 
Boston  Herald.  Since  1904  he  has  been 
chief  of  publicity  for  the  Allis-Chalmers 
company.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Charles 
Whittinghams;  A  Secret  of  the  Confes- 
sional; Love,  the  Mariner;  Off  the  White 
Coast;  The  Count  Stroloff;  The  Lost  Plan- 
et; A  Title  of  Nobility;  and  Miss  Timmins 
of  Spain. 

Warren,  Charles,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
March  9,  1868,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  a 
practicing  attorney  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Girl  and  the  Governor, 
and  Other  Stories. 

Warren,  Cornelia,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1857  in  Waltham,  Mass.  She  is  the 
author  of  Miss  Wilton,  a  novel. 

Warren,  Cornelius,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1790  in  Putnam  count}',  N.Y.  In  1847- 
49  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  thirtieth  congress.  He  died  July  28, 
1849,  in  Cold  Springs,  N.Y. 

Warren,  Cyrus  Moorsi,  chemist,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1824,  in  Dedham, 
Mass.  The  use  of  coal-tar  and  asphaltum 
for  roofing  and  paving  purposes  were  intro- 
duced by  the  Warren  chemical  and  manu- 
facturing company  and  the  Warren-Scharf 
asphalt  jiaving  company,  of  which  corpora- 
tions he  was  president  and  treasurer.  In 
1866-68  he  held  the  chair  of  organic  chem- 
istry in  the  Massachusetts  institute  of  tech- 


nology.     He   died   Aug.    13,    1898,    in   Man- 
chester, Vt. 

Warren,  Edward,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  19,  1804,  in  Boston,  Mass.  Among 
his  medical  writings  are  a  Sketch  of  the. 
Progress  of  Cholera  in  America  in  1832; 
and  three  Boylston  prize  essays  on  Scrofula, 
Rheumatism,  and  Erysipelatous  Inflamma- 
tion.    He  died  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Warren,  Edward  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  May  2, 
1818,  in  Greene  county,  Ala.  "He  served  in 
the  Mississippi  legislature  in  1845-46;  an^ 
was  a  representative  in  the  legislature  of 
Arkansas  in  1848-49,  and  was  speaker  of  the 
house.  In  1850  he  was  elected  state's  at- 
torney for  the  s'xtli  judicial  district  of  Ar- 
kansas. In  1853-55  and  1857-59  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  thirty-third  and  thir- 
ty-fifth congresses.  He  died  July  2,  1875, 
ill  Nevada,  Ark. 

Warren,  Edward  K.,  manufacturer,  bank- 
er, inventor,  was  born  April  7,  1847,  in 
Ludlow,  Vt.  He  invented  featherbone,  a 
.substitute  for  whalebone.  He  is  president 
of  the  Warren  featherbone  company  of 
Three  Oaks,  Mich.;  and  president  of  the 
linn  of  E.  K.  Warren  and  company,  bankers. 
Warren,  Fitz  Henry,  soldier,  journalist, 
state  senator,  diplomat,  was  born  Jan.  11, 
1816,  in  Brimfield,  Mass.     During  the  civil 

war    he    was    in   com- 
mand of  the  first  Iowa 
y  J^k         cavalry;    and    he    be- 

/  wEm      came    brigadicr-gen- 

¥  -^^m      ^^^^    °^   volunteers    in 

iw^iE:^       sit      ^^^^'    ''^"^    afterward 
^  Pa         major-general   by   bre- 

vet. He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Iowa  state 
senate  in  1866;  min- 
ister to  Guatemala  in 
1867-68;  and  a  presi- 
dential elector  on  tlrfe 
democratic  ticket  in 
editor  of  the  Burlington 
time;  and  was  connected 
with  the  Sun  and  the  Tribune  in  New  York 
C:ty.  He  died  June  21,  1878,  in  Brimfield, 
Mass. 

Warren,  Francis  Emory,  soldier,  merchant, 
banker,  congressman,  governor.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  June  20,  1844,  in 

Hinsdale,  Mass.  He 
received  an  academic 
education.  He  enlist- 
ed in  1862  in  the 
forty-ninth  M  a  s  s  a- 
chusetts  r  e  g  i  ment, 
and  served  as  a  pri- 
V  a  t  e  and  non-com- 
missioned officer  in 
that  regiment  till  it 
was  mustered  out  of 
the  service;  was  aft- 
erward captain  in  the 
Massachusetts  m  i  1  i- 
tia;  and  was  awarded  a  medal  of  honor  for 
exceptional  gallantry  in  action  before  Port 


1872.      He    was 
Hawkeve    for    a 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


603 


Hudson.  He  was  engaged  in  farming  antl 
stock  raising  in  Massachusetts  till  early  in 
1868,  when  he  removed  to  Wyoming,  then  a 
part  of  Dakota.  He  is  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile, live-stock,  and  lighting  business;  was- 
president  of  the  council  of  Wyoming  legis- 
lature in  1873;  and  member  of  the  coun- 
cil in  1884.  He  was  mayor  of  Cheyenne; 
and  for  three  terms  was  treasurer  of  Wy- 
oming'. In  1884-85,  1889-90  he  was  gov- 
ernor of  Wyoming  territory;  and  was  the 
first  governor  of  that  state.  In  1890  he 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  senate  for 
the  terms  ending  in  1819. 

Warren,  Frederick  Morris,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  9,  1859,  in  Durham, 
Maine.  He  has  been  professor  of  romance 
languages  in  Adelbert  college  of  Cleveland, 
Ohio;  and  is  now  a  professor  of  Yale  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  A  Primer  of 
French  Literature;  and  A  History  of  the 
Novel  Previous  to  the  Seventeenth  Cen- 
tury; and  Ten  Frenchmen  of  the  Nine- 
teenth  Century. 

Warren,  George  W.,  educator,  was  born 
July  8,  1851,  in  Watertown,  N.Y.  He  has 
attained  success  in  educational  work;  has 
been  principal  of  public  schools  in  Michi- 
gan and  California;  and  is  now  city  super- 
intendent of  schools  in  Eureka,  Cal. 

Warren,  George  W.,  educator,  dentist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  7,  1803,  in  Ocean  coun- 
ty, N.J.  Since  1898  he  has  been  professor 
of  clinical  dentistry  and  aural  pathology,  in 
the  Pennsylvania  college  of  dental  surgery. 
He  is  the  author  of  Dental  Pathology  and 
Dental  Medicine;  and  Dental  Prosphesis 
Metallurgy. 

Warren,  George  William,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  bora  Aug.  17,  1828,  in  Albany, 
N.Y.  In  18G0  he  took  charge  of  the  music 
of  the  church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  of  Brook- 
lyn; and  ten  years  later  he  became  organ- 
ist of  St.  Thomas's  church.  He  was  pro- 
fessor of  music  in  Columbian  college.  He 
has  written  much  church  music  and  several 
pieces  for  the  piano.  He  was  tlie  author  of 
Hymns  and  Tunes  as  Sung  at  St.  Thomas's 
Church  of  New  York  City.  He  died  March 
l(i.   1012.   in  New  York  City. 

Warren,  Gouverneur  Kemble,  soldier,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1830,  in  Cold  Spring, 
N.Y.      He    was    a    lieutenant-colonel    in    the 

engineering  corps  ; 
major  -  general  o  f 
liiited  States  volun- 
teers; and  brevet  ma- 
jor-general in  t  h  e 
I  niled  Stat(?s  army; 
a  II  il  |iarl  icipatcd  i  n 
numerous  battles  ami 
skirmishes.  He  was 
tin"  author  of  Explo- 
rations in  the  Daco- 
ta Country  in  1855: 
K.xploralion  of  the 
('ountry  Between  the 
Missouri    and   the   Platte   Rivers;    and   The 


Battle    of    Five    Forks,    Virginia.      He   died 
Aug.  S.  1S82.  in  Newport.  R.I. 

Warren,  Henry  Kimball,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  May  31,  1858,  in 
Cresco,  Iowa.  Since  1882  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  educational  work;  in  1889-94  was 
pH'sidcnt  of  (Jates  college  of  Neligh,  Neb.; 
iind  in  1894-95  was  president  of  Salt  Lake 
college.  Since  1895  he  has  been  president 
of  Yankton  collcg,'  of  Soutli  Dakota. 

Warren,  Henry  White,  educator,  clergy- 
man. l)ishop,  author,  was  born  Jan.  4,  Ib'Sl, 
in  Williamsburg,  Mass.  In  1853  he  grad- 
uated from  Wesleyan 
university  of  Middle- 
town,  Conn.;  and  in 
1872  graduated  from 
Dickinson  college.  He 
received  the  honorary 
degrees  of  A.M.  and 
D.D.  from  Dickinson 
college;  and  LL.D. 
from  the  Ohio  Wes- 
leyan university.  He 
taught  natural  sci- 
ence in  the  Amenia 
seminary ;  and  in 
1853-55  taught  ancient  languages  at  W'ilbra- 
ham.  In  1S55  he  was  ordained  to  the  metho- 
dist  ministry;  and  in  1871-80  filled  a  pastor- 
ate in  Pennsylvania.  In  18G3  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  state  legisla- 
ture. He  is  the  author  of  Sight  and  Insight; 
The  Lesser  Hymnal  Studies  of  the  Stars; 
Recreations  in  Astronomy;  The  Bible  in  the 
World's  Education;   and  Among  the  Forces. 

Warren,  Ina  Russelle,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  Scotland.  Since  1893  sne  has 
i.'een  engaged  in  editorial  work;  and  in 
1893-90  was  associate  editor  of  the  jMaga- 
zine  of  Poetry.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Doctor's  Window;  The  Lawyer's  Alcove;  In 
Cupid's  Court:  and  Under  the  Holly  Bough. 

Warren,  Ira,  journalist,  piiysician.  author, 
was  born  in  1800  in  Ontario.  Canada.  He 
was  a  journalist  and  physician  of  Boston. 
He  was  the  author  of  Causes  and  Cure  of 
I'useyism :  and  The  Household  Physician. 
He   died    in    1804    in    Boston,    Mass. 

Warren,  Israel  Perkins,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  8,  1814,  in  New  Beth- 
any, Conn.  He  was  a  congregational  cler- 
gyman; and  in  1875-92  editor  of  The  Cliris- 
tian  Mirror  at  Portland.  Maine.  He  was 
the  author  of  Three  Judges;  Chauncey 
.ludd;  The  Seaman's  Cause;  Sadduc-eism ; 
The  Parousia:  and  The  Hook  of  Revelation: 
an  ExiMisition.  He  died  Oct.  9,  1892,  in 
i'ortland,  Maine. 

Warren,  James,  put  riot,  was  born  Sept. 
2S,  172t;,  ill  Plymouth.  .Mass.  In  17t!0  he 
was  chosen  a  member  of  the  colonial  as- 
sembly, where  he  served  until  its  final  dis- 
solution in  1774.  After  the  death  of  Gen- 
eral Joseph  Warren  at  Bunker  Hill,  ho  was 
chosen  to  succeed  him  as  president  of  the 
])rovincial  congress  of  Massachusetts.  He 
died  Nov.  27,  1808,  in  Plymouth,  Mass. 


604 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Warren,  John,  educator,  physician,  sur- 
geon, autlior,  was  born  July  27,  1753,  in 
Koxbury,  Mass.  He  was  professor  of  anat- 
omy at  Harvard  university  in  1783.  He 
practiced  in  New  England  for  four  years. 
He  was  the  author  of  Mercurial  Practice  in 
Febrile  Diseases.  He  died  April  4,  1815, 
in  Boston,  Mass. 

Warren,  John  ColUns,  educator,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1778,  in  Boston, 
ilass.  He  was  a  Boston  physician;  and 
succeeded  his  father  as  professor  of  anat- 
omy at  Harvard  university  in  1815.  He 
was  one  of  the  founders  in  1820  of  the 
Massachusetts  general  hospital;  and 
chief  surgeon  till  his  death.  He  was 
author  of  Cases  of  Organic  Diseases  of 
Heart;  Surgical  Observations  on 
and  lesser  works.  He  died  May 
in   Boston,  Mass. 

Warren,  John  Collins,  physician,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  May  4,  1842,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  has  been  a  professor  at 
Harvard  university  since  1887.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Anatomy  and  Development 
of  Rodent  Ulcer;  Pathology  of  Carbuncle 
and    Columnal    Adipose;     The    Healing    of 


its 
the 
the 
Tumors, 
4,    1856, 


thor 
For 
cian 
tal. 


Arteries  after  Ligature  in  Men  and  Ani- 
mals; and  Surgical  Pathology  and  Thera- 
peutics. 
Warren,  Jonathan  Mason,  physician,  au- 
was  born  in  1811  in  Boston,  Mass. 
twenty  years  he  was  attending  physi- 
to  the  Massachusetts  general  hospi- 
H6  was  the  author  of  Surgical  Ob- 
servations, with  Cures  and  Operations.  He 
died  Aug.  19,  18G7,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Warren,  Joseph,  soldier,  orator,  was  born 
June  11,  1741,  in  lloxbury,  Mass.  He  pos- 
sessed  in  perfection  tlie  gift  of  eloquence; 

and    a    speech    deliv- 
'^  ~  ered    in    1772    on    the 

anniversary  of  the 
Boston  massacre,  car- 
ried him  at  once  to 
the  helm ;  and  for  the 
brief  period  of  his 
subsequent  life  lie 
was  one  of  the  most 
prominent  men  in 
New  England.  H  e 
elected  major- 
in  1775;  and 
fell  at  the  battle  of 
Bunker  Hill,  June  17,  1775.  The  Bunker 
Hill  monument  now  stands  near  the  spot 
wliere  he  fell. 

Warren,  Joseph,  journalist,  was  born  July 
24,  1829,  in  Waterbury,  Vt.  He  became 
associate  editor  of  the  Buffalo  Courier  in 
New  York  in  1853;  and  editor-in-chief  in 
1858;  was  chosen  president  of  the  New 
York  Press  association  in  1870.  He  was 
elected  superintendent  of  public  schools  in 
Buffalo  in  1857;  advocated  a  public  par' 
system  for  that  city;  and 
park  commission  from  its 
1871  until  his  death.  He 
1876,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y. 


was 
general 


served    on    the 

formation    in 

died   Sept.    30, 


Warren,  Joseph  M.,  merchant,  manufac- 
turer, congressman,  was  born  in  1813  in 
Troy,  N.Y.  He  was  elected  mayor  of  Troy 
in  1852.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  tlie  forty-second  congress.  He  died 
in  Troy,  N.Y. 

Warren,  Josiah,  reformer,  author,  was 
born  ill  1799.  He  established  what  was 
known  as  the  Time  store  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  which  he  conducted  with  fair  suc- 
cess for  two  years,  giving  and  receiving 
labor-notes  in  transactions  with  his  cus- 
tomers. He  propounded  his  theories  in  a 
work  entitled  the  True  Civilization.  He  died 
April    14,    1874,   in   Boston,   Mass. 

Warren,  Lillie  Eginton,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  25,  1859,  in  Newtonville, 
Mass.  In  1879-93  she  was  a  teacher  of  ar- 
ticulation to  children  born  deaf;  and  since 
1893  has  been  a  teacher  of  expression  lead- 
ing, by  her  own  method  known  as  the  War- 
ren method  of  expression.  She  is  the  au- 
tlior of  Defective  Speech  and  Deafness. 

Warren,  Lott,  soldier,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  30, 
1 797,  in  Burke  county,  Ga.  He  served  in 
the  Seminole  war  as  a  second  lieutenant 
of  militia  in  1818;  and  in  1823  he  was 
elected  a  major  of  battalion.  In  1824  and 
1831  he  was  elected  to  the  Georgia  state 
legislature;  and  in  1825  was  appointed  so- 
licitor-general to  fill  a  vacancy.  In  1830 
he  was  elected  to  the  state  senate.  In  1839- 
43  he  was  a  representative  co  the  twenty- 
sixth  and  twenty-seventh  congresses.  He 
died  June   17,   1861,  in  Albany,  Ga. 

Warren,  Lucius  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
was  born  Oct.  6,  1838,  in  Charleston.  Mass. 
He  graduated  from  Princeton  college  with 
the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M. ;  and  from 
Harvard  law  school  with  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  He  served  in  the  civil  war;  and 
was  brevettcd  lieutenant-colonel  and  bjiga- 
dier-general  of  the  United  States  volun- 
teers for  bravery  in  front  of  Petersburg. 
In  1878-86  he  practiced  law  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  and  since  1886  has  resided  for 
most   of  the  time  in  Europe. 

Warren,  Mrs.  Mercy  Otis,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Sept.  25,  1728,  in  Barnstable, 
Mass.  She  was  the  author  of  The  Group, 
a  Political  Satire;  History  of  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution;  three  tragedies,  iucluding 
The  Adulator,  The  Sack  of  Rome,  The  La- 
dies of  Castille;  and  Poems:  Dramatic  and 
Miscellaneous.  She  died  Oct.  19,  1814,  in 
Plymouth,    Mass. 

Warren,  Moses  Allen,  lawyer,  was  born 
Nov.  1,  1870,  in  Chicago,  111.  He  gradu- 
ated from  Yale  university  and  the  New 
York  law  school.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
law  firm  of  Thompson,  Warren  and  Pel- 
gram  of  New  York  City.  He  has  identified 
himself  with  the  republican  organization  in 
New  York  City,  and  is  a  member  of  the 
Calumet.  Yale  and  other  clubs. 

Warren,  Nathan  Boughton,  musician,  com- 
poser, author,  was  born  July  4,  1815,  in 
Troy,    N.Y.      He    was    the    author    of    The 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


605 


Ancient  Plain  Song  of  the  Church;  The 
Order  of  Daily  Service,  with  the  English 
^Musical  Notation;  The  llolidaj'S;  and  Hid- 
den Treasure,  a  Goblin  Story.  He  died 
Aug.   28.    1808.   in   Troy.   X.Y. 

Warren,  Richard  Henry,  organist,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  born  Sept.  17,  1859,  in 
Albany,  N.Y.  Since  1877  be  h.as  been  a 
church  orsianist ;  and  in  1886-1905  was  or- 
ganist at  St.  Bartholomew's  church  of  New 
York  City.  In  1889-96  he  was  conductor  of 
the  church  choral  society.  He  is  the  com- 
poser of  Phyllis,  a  romantic  opera  produced 
in  1900. 

Warren,  Samuel  Edward,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  29,  1831,  in  Newton. 
Mass.  In  1854-72  he  was  professor  in  the 
Rensselaer  ])o!ytechnic  institute  of  Troy,  N. 
Y. ;  in  1872-75  in  the  Massachusetts  institute 
of  technology  ;  and  since  1875  has  been  en- 
gaged in  private  instruction  and  literary 
work.  lie  is  the  author  of  a  series  of  text 
hooks  principally  on  geometric  subjects; 
Elementary  Projection  Drawing ;  General 
Problems  of  Shades  and  Shadows ;  Problems 
in  Stone  Cutting ;  Descriptive  Geometry ; 
Machine  Drawing ;  The  Sunday  Question ; 
and  Descriptive  Geometry. 

Warren,  Samuel  Prowse,  organist,  com- 
poser, was  born  Feb.  18.  1841.  in  Canada. 
He  is  the  son  of  Samuel  Russell  Warren,  a 
wt>ll-known  organ  l)uilder.  For  two  years  he 
idayed  the  organ  at  Rev.  Henry  AV.  F.ellow's 
church  of  New  York  City  ;  after  which  he  be- 
came organist  of  Gi-ace  church.  He  then 
played  for  some  time  at  Trinity  church ; 
after  which  he  returned  to  his  old  post  at 
Grace  church.  Since  1895  he  has  officiated  in 
the  fir.=it  Presbyterian  church  of  East  Orange, 
N.J.  He  has  given  several  series  of  organ  re- 
citals, in  which  he  covered  the  whole  field  of 
organ  music,  giving  interpretation  to  all  its 
schools.  He  has  composed  many  anthems, 
somrs  and   iiistnuiiont:il   nuisic. 

Warren,  Thomas  Robinson,  traveler,  mer- 
chant, author,  was  born  in  1828  in  New  York. 
He  was  the  author  of  Dust  and  Foam 
Tracks ;  The  Yachtsman  Primer ;  Shooting, 
Roating.  and  Fishing  :  On  Deck  ;  and  Juliette 
Irving  and  th.e  Jesuit. 

Warren,  William,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  21,  1806,  in  Wa'terford.  :\laine.  In 
]8")7-79  he  was  district  secretary  for  northern 
New  England  of  the  American  board  of  com- 
missioners for  foreign  mi.ssioiis.  He  was  the 
author  of  School  Geography  ;  Household  Con- 
secration :  Th(>  Sidrit's  Sword  ;  Twelve  Years 
.\niong  ('liildrcn  :  anri  These  for  Those.  He 
died  Jan.  28.  1879.  in  (Jorham,  Maine. 

Warren,  William,  actor,  was  born  Nov.  17, 
1812.  in  I'liiladelphia,  Pa.  His  father  of  the 
same  name  was  a  celebrated  actor.  In  1846 
lie  was  (onnected  with  the  Howard  athenae- 
um of  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  a  cousin  of 
Joseph  Jefferson.  Among  his  noted  charact- 
ers were  Sir  Peter  Teazle  in  The  School  of 
Scuidal;  Dr.  Pangloss  in  The  Heir  at  Law; 
and  Touchstone  in  As  You  Like  It.  He  died 
Sept.  12,  1888,  in  Boston,  Mass. 


Warren,  William  Fairfield,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  author,  was  born 
March  13,  1833.  in  William.sburg.  Mass.  In 
"  1858-60  he  filled  a  pas- 
torate in  Wilbraham, 
Mass.  In  1866  he  was 
president  of  the  Bos- 
ton theological  sem- 
inriy.  In  1873-1903 
he  was  president  of 
Boston  university  ;  and 
since  1903  has  been 
dean  of  the  school  of 
theology  at  Boston 
university.  He  is  the 
author  of  Paradise 
Found  ;  the  Cradle  of 
I  lie  llumai^  Race  at  the  North  Pole;  The 
True  Key  to  Ancient  Chronology ;  In  the 
Footsteps  of  Arminius;  Constitutional  Law 
Questions  in  the  Methodist  Church ;  The 
Quest  of  the  Perfect  Religion ;  and  The 
■Story  of  Gdltlicb. 

Warren,  William  Wirt,  lawj^er,  state  sen- 
;itor.  congressman,  was  born  Feb.  27,  1834. 
in  Brighton,  Mass,  He  was  appointed  asses- 
sor of  internal  revenue  of  Boston,  Mass.; 
and  in  1870  was  a  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate. In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative  to 
Ihe  forty-fourtli  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Warriner,  Edward  Augustus,  clergyman, 
author,  jxiet,  was  burn  Feb.  19,  1829.  in  Aga- 
wam,  :Mass.  l]^^  is  an  episcopal  clergyman 
of  Montrose,  Pa,  He  is  the  author  of  Vic- 
tor La  Tourette  ;  Kear,  a  Poem;  I  Am  That 
I  .\m.  a  ^fetrical  Essay  ;  The  Idea  of  God  ; 
The  (late  Called  Beautiful,  an  Institute  of 
Christian  Sociology. 

Warriner,  Francis,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  24.  1805.  in  Springfield.  Mass.  He 
was  a  congregational  clergyman  :  and  was  a 
United  States  naval  chaplain  in  1831-34.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Cruise  of  the  Poto- 
mac. He  died  April  22,  18(5(5.  in  Chester, 
Mass. 

Warring,  Charles  Bartlett,  educator,  sci- 
entist, author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1825,  in 
Charlton.  N.Y'.  He  was  specialist  on  the 
Hebrew  aiul  the  present  cosmogony.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Miracle  of  Today;  Genesis 
I  and  Modern  Science  ;  The  Three  Climates 
of  Geology  :  and  Gyrosco])ic  Bodies.  He  died 
in  1907  in  Poughkeepsie.  X.Y. 

Warrington,  Lewis,  naval  oflicer,  was 
i)orn  Nov.  3.  1782.  m  AVilliamsburg,  Va.  In 
1800  he  entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman  ; 
served  in  all  the  wars;  and  attained  tl>e  rank 
of  commodore.  He  captured  the  Britisii 
sloop  Epervier  in  1813;  and  received  a  gold 
medal  an<l  the  thanks  of  congress.  In  1814 
he  was  commander  of  the  sloop  Peacock, 
which  foufiht  ofT  the  coast  of  Florida.  In 
1827-30  and  1840-42  he  was  navy  commis- 
sioner; and  president  of  the  board  in  1841. 
He  died  O.I.  12.  1851.  in  \Vashington,  D.C. 
Warrock,  John,  printer,  was  born  Nov.  4, 
1774,  in  iiichniond,  Va.  He  beciime  a  print- 
er; and  for  foity  years  issued  annually  War- 
rock's  Almanac.    He  was  chosen  to  the  office 


606 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


of  printer  to  the  Viigiuia  senate,  and  held 
that  place  for  more  than  forty  years.  He 
died  March  8.  1S58.  in  Richmond,  Va. 

Warthen,  Richard,  state  senator,  was  born 
in  February,  1794.  in  Washington  county, 
Ga.  In  1833  he  was  elected  to  the  Georgiii 
state  legislature  ;  and  in  1842  was  a  member 
of  the  state  senate.  He  died  Nov.  27.  1861. 
in  Warthens,  Ga. 

Warthin,  Aldred  Scott,  educator,  physi- 
cian. ]iathologist.  author,  was  bom  Oct.  21. 
1866.  in  Greensburg,  Ind.  In  1887  he  re- 
ceived a  music  diplo- 
ma  as  teacher  from 
the  Cincinnati  con- 
servatory of  music. 
In  1891  he  graduated 
with  the  degree  of  M. 
D.  from  the  university 
of  Michigan.  Since 
1891  he  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  med- 
ical department  of 
rhe  university  of  Mich- 
igan ;  has  iilled  the 
chairs  of  internal  med- 
icine and  pathology  in  that  institution  ;  and 
is  now  professor  of  pathology  and  director 
of  the  pathological  laboratory.  He  is  the 
author  of  Practical  Pathology ;  and  about 
fifty  Monographs  on  various  medical  sub- 
jects. 

Warvelle,  George  William,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  May  3.  1852,  in  Kenosha,  Wis. 
Since  1876  he  has  practiced  law ;  and  in 
1896-1901  was  dean  of  the  Chicago  law 
school.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Compendium 
of  Free  Masonry  in  Illinois ;  Principles  of 
the  Law  of  Real  Property;  Essays  in  Legal 
Ethics  ;  and  a  Treatise  on  Ejectment. 

Warwick,  Charles  Franklin,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  14.  18.52,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  In  1884-85  he  was  city  solicitor  of  Phil- 
adelphia ;  and  in  1895-99  was  mayor  of  Phil- 
adelphia, I'a.  He  was  the  author  of  Mira- 
beau  and  The  French  Revolution.  He  died 
April  4.  1913. 

Warwick,  John  G.,  merchant,  miller, 
miner,  farmer,  congressman,  was  born  Dec. 
23,  1830.  in  Irelancl.  In  1883  he  was  elected 
lieutenant  governor  of  Ohio.  In  1891-93  he 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  fifty- 
setond  congress.  He  died  Aug.  14,  1892.  in 
Washington.    D.C. 

Wash,  Robert,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1825- 
37  he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Missouri  at   St.  Louis. 

Washburn,  Charles  Ames,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  16.  1822,  in  Liver- 
more,  Maine.  He  was  minister  to  Paraguay 
in  18G3-68.  He  was  the  author  of  The  His- 
tory of  Paraguay,  From  Povt-rty  to  Com- 
petence; Graduated  Taxation;  Political 
Evolution;  Philip  Thaxter;  and  Gomery  of 
Montgomery.  He  died  Jan.  2ti,  1880,  in 
New  York  City. 

Washburn,  Cadwallader  Colden,  soldier, 
lawyer,     congressman,     governor,     was    l)orn 


April    22,    1818,    in    Livorraore,    INIaiue.     In 

1855-61  and  1867-71 
he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Wisconsin 
to  the  thirty-fourth, 
t  h  i  r  t  y-fifth,  thirty- 
sixth,  fortieth  and  for- 
ty-first congresses.  He 
was  also  a  delegate  to 
the  peace  congress  of 
1861.  In  1862  he  was 
appointed  a  major- 
general  in  the  union 
army  ;  and  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  .soldiers' 
convention  held  in  Pittsburgh  in  1866.  He 
was  the  ninth  governor  of  Wisconsin  in  1872- 
74.  He  died  May  14, 1882,  in  Eureka  Springs. 
Ark. 

Wasihburn,  Charles  Grenfill,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  28,  1857,  in  Wor- 
cester, Mass.  In  1875  he  graduated  from 
the  Worcester  polytechnic  institute;  and  in 
1880  received  the  degree  of  A.B.  from  Har- 
vard university.  In  1897-99  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate.  In  1902  he  was  a 
member  of  the  committee  to  revise  corpora- 
tion laws  of  Massachusetts.  In  1906  he  was 
elected  to  the  fifty-ninth  congress  to  fill  a 
vacancy;  and  in  I907-II  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Massachusetts  to  the  sixtieth 
and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  republican. 

Washburn,  Dexter  Carleton,  merchant,  po- 
et, was  born  Oct.  9,  1861,  in  Rockport, 
Maine.  He  is  a  merchant  of  Boston,  Mass. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems  en- 
titled  Songs   of   the   Seasons. 

Washburn,  Edward  Abiel,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  16,  1819,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  rector  of  Calvary  church 
of  New  York  City  in  1866-81.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Social  Law  of  God;  Voices 
from  a  Busy  Life,  a  volume  of  verse ;^  The 
Relation  of  the  Episcopal  Church  to  Other 
Bodies;  Epochs  of  Church  History;  and 
Beatitudes,  and  Other  Sermons.  He  died 
Feb.   2.    1881,   in   New  Y^ork   City. 

Washburn,  Emory,  educator,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, governor,  author,  was  born  Feb.  14, 
1800,  in  Leicester,  Mass.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  general  court  in  1825-27  and 
1838;  was  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  in  1844-47;  and  in  1854-55  was  the 
twenty-first  governor  of  Massachusetts.  He 
bccanie  a  professor  of  the  Cambridge  law 
school  in  1855,  and  so  continued  for  many 
years.  He  was  the  author  of  Sketches  of 
the  Judicial  History  of  Massachusetts;  His- 
tory of  Leicester,  'Massachusetts;  Treatise 
on  American  Law  of  Real  Properly;  Amer- 
ican Law  of  Easements  and  Servitudes;  Tes- 
timony of  Experts;  and  Lectures  on  the 
Study  and  Practice  of  the  Law.  He  died 
March    IS.    1877,   in    Cambridge,   Mass. 

Washburn,  Francis,  soldier,  was  born  in 
i\Iassachusetts.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieu- 
t(>nant  in  the  first  regiment  Massachusetts 
cavalry;    and   in    1865' was  brcvetted  briga- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


607 


dier-goneral   of   volunteers.     He   died   April 
22,   1865. 

Washburn,  Francis,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  July  9,  1843,  in  New  York.  In 
1874    he    v.as    licensed    to    preach;    and    for 

four  years  was  sec- 
tary of  the  New  York 
district  conference  of 
the  mcthodist  episco- 
pal church;  and  for 
one  year  was  corre- 
sponding secretary  of 
the  National  local 
preachers'  association. 
In  1878  he  was  or- 
dained deacon;  and  in 
1880  w  a  s  ordained 
priest.  In  187!)-<.)2  he 
was  rector  of  church- 
es at  Walden  and  Roundout,  N.Y.;  and  in 
i8n5-1907  was  assistant  minister  of  the 
church  of  t..e  good  sliepherd  at  Newbergh, 
X.V.  In  lSSS-!)2  he  was  secretary  of  the 
arch-dcaconry  of  Orange  in  the  diocese  of 
New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  Soul 
Thirst;  ^leditations  of  Charity;  An  Imper- 
iled Faith;  The  Temple  and  Its  Visitor; 
A  Sabbatli  Stroll ;  and  The  Past  and  Pres- 
ent. 

Washburn,  Frederic  Leonard,  educator,  bi- 
ologist, was  born  April  12,  1860,  in  Brook- 
line,  Mass.  He  has  been  instructor  of  zo- 
ology in  the  university  of  Michigan;  pro- 
fessor of  biology  in  tlie  state  agricultural 
college  of  Oregon;  and  in  the  university 
of  Oregon.  He  is  jirofessor  of  entomology 
in  tiie  university  of  ^linnesota;  and  since 
1902  has  been  state  entomologist  of  Min- 
ni'sota. 

Washburn,  Ganem,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
s»'nator,  was  born  in  October.  182.3.  in  Liver- 
more.  He  settled  in  Oslikosh,  Wis.;  has 
been  a  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Wis- 
consin; and  judge  of  Winnebago  county  and 
of  tenth    judicial  circuit  ot   the  state. 

Washburn,  Henry  D.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gr(ssm;ui.  w;>s  ijorn  .March  28.  1832,  in 
Windsor  county,  \'t.  In  July  of  18(51  he 
— ,  raised  a  company  for 
service  in  the  war; 
was  promoted  to  the 
cfjmmand  as  colonel 
of  llie  eighteenth  In- 
di;ina  volunteers  in 
18(52;  in  18(54  was 
brevetted  a  brigadier- 
general  ;  and  w  a  s 
musteied  out  of  the 
service  in  18(5.").  He 
was  subsequently 
brevetted  major-gen- 
eral by  congiess.  In 
l,sti.')-ti!)  lie  was  I  representative  from  Indi- 
ana to  the  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth  con- 
gres.ses  as  a  republican;  in  18(59  was  ap- 
pointed surveyor-general  of  Montana;  and 
in  1870  commanded  the  first  expedition  tli:i( 
went    into    the    Yellowstone    country.      .Mt. 


Washburn  was  named  for  him,  as  was  also 
Lake   Henry.     He   died  in  Indiana. 

Washburn,  George,  educator,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  March  1,  1833, 
in  Middleboro,  Mass.  He  was  professor  of 
philosophy  and  political  economy  and  act- 
ing president  in  Robert  college  of  Constan- 
tinople in  1869-76,  and  in  1877-1903  was 
president    of    that    institution. 

Washburn,  Harry  Stevenson,  manufactur- 
er, legislator,  poet,  was  born  June  10,  1813, 
in  Providence,  R.I.    For  fifteen  years  he  was 

engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  wire  i  n 
Worcester.  In  1852 
he  declined  the  nom- 
ination for  congress ; 
and  during  the  civil 
war  he  was  in  charge 
of  clothing  and  hospi- 
tal supplies  for  the 
union  army.  I  n 
1871-72  he  wa  s  a 
member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts house  of  rep- 
resentatives; and  in 
1873-74  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate. 
For  several  years  he  was  president  of  the 
Union  mutual  life  insurance  company,  and 
.subsequently  traveled  in  France  and  Ger- 
many in  its  behalf.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Vacant  Chair,  and  Other  Poems,  a  vol- 
ume of  strong,  earnest  and  tender  poetry. 
He  has  long  since  retired  from  active  busi- 
ness and  is  a  resident  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
died   ill    19(l."]   in  Boston,  ^Mass. 

Washburn,  Israel,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  governor,  author,  was  born 
June  6.  1813,  in  Livermore,  Maine.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Maine  legislature  in  1842. 
In  1851-61  he  was  a  representative  from 
Maine  to  the  thirty-second,  thirtj'-third, 
thirty-fourth,  thirty-fifth  and  thirty-sixth 
congresses.  In  1860-62  he  was  the  nine- 
teenth governor  of  !Maine;  and  in  1863  was 
appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Port- 
land. He  died  Mav  12,  1883,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Washburn,  Jed  L.,  lawyer,  public  official, 
was  liorn  Dee.  2(5,  1856,  in  ilontgomery 
(ounty,  Ind.  Since  1857  he  has  resided  in 
Minnesota;  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  that  state;  and  in  a  four  years' 
academic  coins".  In  1880-90  he  practiced 
law  in  .Mankato,  .Minn.;  and  since  1890  has 
practiced  law  in  Dulutli,  Minn.;  and  is 
especially  engagj'd  in  the  practice  of  cor- 
I'oration  law.  He  is  largely  interested  in 
the  selujol  system  of  the  state.  For  twen- 
ty-five yi'ars  he  has  practiced  in  the  state 
and  federal  courts;  and  has  been  engaged 
in  the  trial  of  many  important  cases.  He 
is  concerned  in  nunierous  linancial  enter- 
|ri.ses;  and  is  a  director  and  presideirfc  of 
M'veral    corporations. 

Washburn,  John  D.,  lawyer,  diplomat,  was 
liorn  .Mareli  27.  1.S33,  in  Boston.  Mass.  In 
IS(>(i  he   b(  gan  the  practice  of  law  in   Wor- 


608 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


cester  county,  Mass.  In  1866-69  he  served 
in  Governor  Bullock's  staff;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  colonel.  In  1888  he  was  elect- 
ed a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  state 
senate;  and  in  1889  was  appointed  United 
.States  minister  to  Switzerland.  He  was 
envoy  extraordinary  and  minister  plenipo- 
tentiary to  that  country  until  1892.  He 
(lied  in  April,  1903,  in  Worcester,  Mass. 

Washburn,  John  Henry,  insurance  presi- 
dent, was  born  Oct.  27,  1828,  in  Amherst, 
Mass.  He  first  became  identified  with  the 
insurance  business  in  1850.  In  1859  he  be- 
came connected  with  the  Home  insurance 
company  of  New  York  City;  was  appointed 
its  secretary  in  1867 ;  vice-president  in  1884 
and  president  in  1901-04.  He  has  been 
twice  elected  president  of  the  association 
of  Western  underwriters;  and  has  also  been 
president  of  the  Insurance  tariff  associa- 
tion of  New  York. 

Washburn,  John  Hosea,  educator,  agricul- 
turist, college  president,  was  born  June  5, 
1859,  in  Bridgewater,  Mass.  In  1889-1902 
he  was  president  and  professor  of  agricul- 
tural chemistry  in  the  Rhode  Island  college 
of  agriculture  and  mechanical  arts.  Since 
1902  he  lias  been  director  of  the  nation- 
al farm   school  of  Bucks  county,  Pa. 

Washburn,  Nathan,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  April  22,  1816,  in  Stafford, 
Conn.  In  1846  he  established  a  foundry  in 
Stafford,  Conn.  He  invented  a  chilled  car 
wheel.  In  1857  lie  built  the  Washburn  iron 
works  at  Worcester,  Mass.  He  discovered  a 
new  process  of  puddling  steel,  whereby  he 
could  produce  gun  iron.  He  was  the  first 
to  manufacture  a  satisfactory  steel  tire. 
Washburn,  Peter  Thacher,  lawyer,  gov- 
ernor, author,  was  born  Sept.  7,  1814,  in 
Lynn,  Mass.  He  Avas  reporter  of  the  Ver- 
niont  supreme  court  for  eight  years  at 
Woodstock;  and  was  adjutant  and  inspec- 
tor-general for  Vermont  in  1861-06.  He  was 
the  twenty-seventh  governor  in  1869-70.  He 
was  the  author  of  Reports  of  tlie  Supreme 
Court  of  Vermont;  and  Digest  of  All  Cases 
ill  the  Vermont  Supreme  Court.  He  died 
Feb.  7,   1870.  in   Woodstock,  Vt. 

Washburn,  Ruel,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, statesman,  was  born  May  21,  1793, 
in  Raynham,  Mass.  He  graduated  from 
Brown*^  university;  and  in  1818  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  Livermore,  Maine.  In 
1827  and  1828  he  was  a  a  member  of  the 
Maine  state  senate;  and  in  1832-35  and 
1841  was  a  member  of  the  house  of  repre- 
sentatives. He  claims  to  have  been  elect- 
ed from  INIaine  to  the  twenty-first  congress, 
but  his  \seat  was  given  to  his  competitor. 
He  was  grand  master  of  the  Masons  in 
Maine;  and  judge  of  the  probate  for  An- 
droscoggin county  in  1856-59.  He  died  March 
4.    1S78.   in   Livermore,   Maine. 

Washburn,  William  Barrett,  manufactur- 
er, banker,  congressman,  governor,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1820,  in 
Wincliendon,  Mass.  He  was  a  member  of 
the    Massachusetts    state    senate    in    1850; 


and  of  the  lower  house  in  1854;  and  was 
subsequently  president  of  the  Greenfield 
bank.  In  1863-73  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  thirty-eighth, 
thirty-ninth,  fortieth,  forty-first  and  forty- 
second  congresses.  In  1872-75  he  was  the 
twenty-seventh  governor  of  Massachusetts.^ 
In  1873-75  he  was  United  States  senator 
to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  died  Oct.  5,  1887,  in 
Springfield,  Mass. 

Washburn,  William  D.,  journalist,  busi- 
ness man,  legislator,  Avas  born  April  3,  1863, 
in  St.  Paul,  Minn.  He  received  a  thorough 
education;  and  in  1888  graduated  from  Yale 
university.  In  1900-01  he  Avas  associate- 
editor  of 'the  Minneapolis  Tribune;  and  noAV 
devotes  his  time  to  the  lands  and  invest- 
ments business  in  Minneapolis,  Minn.  In 
1900-02  he  Avas  a  representative  in  the  Min- 
nesota state  legislature;  and  Avas  again  a 
representative  in  the  Minnesota  state  legis- 
h\ture  for  the  term  of  1905-07. 

Washburn,  William  Drew,  surveyor,  man- 
ufacturer, congressman.  United  States  sen- 
ator, Avas  born  Jan.  14,  1831,  in  Livermore, 

Maine.  He  Avas  ap- 
pointed surveyor-gen- 
eral of  Minnesota  by 
President  Lincoln  in 
1861.  and  held  the  of- 
fice for  four  years.  He 
has  been  actively  en- 
gaged in  flour  manu- 
facturing in  the  city 
of  Minneapolis  and  in 
lumber  enterprise  s 
since  that  time;  Avas 
a  director  and  large 
OAvner  of  the  Minne- 
apolis water  poAver  company;  Avas  the  pro- 
jector and'  afterwards  president  of  the  Min- 
neapolis and  St.  Louis  railroad;  and  organ- 
ized and  built  the  Sault  line  of  raiiAvay 
from  JNlinneapolis  to  Sault  Ste.  Marie, 
Mich.,  of  Avhich  he  Avas  the  chief  projector, 
and  was  president.  He  is  president  of  the 
Bismarck,'  Washburn  and  Great  Falls  rail- 
way company.  He  was  elected  to  the  leg- 
islature in  1858  and  1871;  and  in  1879-85 
he  Avas  a  representative  to  the  forty-sixth, 
forty-seventh,  and  forty-eighth  congresses; 
and"^  in  1889-95  he  Avas  United  States 
senator. 

Washburn,  William  Tucker,  laAvyer,  au- 
tlior,  Avas  born  in  1841  in  Massachusetts.  He 
is  a  laAvyer  and  novelist  of  Ncav  York  City. 
He  is  th'e  author  of  Fair  Harvard;  The  Un- 
known City,  a  story  of  Ncav  York;  and 
Spring  and  Summer,  a  collection  of  poems. 
Washburne,  Elihu  Benjamin,  laAvyer,  con- 
gressman, diplomat,  cabinet  officer,  Avas 
23,  1816,  in  Livermore,  Maine, 
he  was  a  representative  from 
the  thirty-third,  thirty-fourth, 
thirty-sixth,  tliirty-seventh, 
tliiity-eiglitli,  thirty-ninth,  fortieth  and  for- 
ty-iiist  congresses.  On  account  of  having 
served  continuously  for  a  longer  period  than 
any  other  member' of  the  thirty-eighth  con- 


born  Sept. 
In  1853-71 
Illinois  to 
tliirtv-fifth. 


HERRINGSHAA\   S   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


609 


gress,  usage  awarded  liim  the  title  of  Fa- 
ther of  the  House,  la  18GI)  he  was  secre- 
tary of  state;  aiul  in  180!)  he  took  the  post 
of  minister  plenipotentiary  to  France,  con- 
tinuing in  that  position  until  1877.  He 
was  tlie  autlior  of  (Sketch  of  Edward  Coles 
and  the  Slavery  Struggle  of  1823-24;  and 
Recollections  of  a  Minister  to  France.  He 
died  Oct.  22,  1887,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Washburne,  George  Abiel,  soldier,  was 
born  ill  Massachusetts.  In  1862  he  was  ma- 
jor in  the  sixteenth  regiment  Connecticut 
infantry;  and  in  18C5  was  brevetted  colo- 
nel and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
died  May  lit,  1891. 

Washburne,  Marion  Foster,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  31,  1863,  in  Northamp- 
ton, Mass.  Since  1894  she  has  been  news- 
paper and  magazine  writer  upon  education- 
al subjects.  She  is  the  author  of  Success 
Library;  Everyday  Ways;  Little  Fountain 
of  Life;  and  Study  of  Child  Life. 

Washington,  Booker  Taliaferro,  educator, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  April 
18,  185G,  near  Hale's  Ford,  Va.  He  is  an 
educator  of  African  descent  and  president 
of  Tuskegee  institute  in  Alabama  since  1881. 
He  is  the  author  of  Sowing  and  Reaping; 
Up  From  Slavery;  Future  of  the  American 
Negro;  Character  Building;  Story  of  My 
Life  and  Work;  Working  With  Hands; 
Tuskegee  and  Its  People;  Putting  the  Most 
into  Life:  Life  of  Frederick  Douglas;  and 
The  Negro  in  Business. 

Washington,  George,  first  president  of  the 
L'nited  States,  congressman,  was  born  Feb. 
22,    1732,   in    the   county   of   Westmoreland, 

Va.  His  father,  Au- 
gustine Washington, 
and  his  mother, 
Mary  Ball,  had  six 
children — four  sons 
and  two  daughters — 
George  being  the  eld- 
est. He  received  a 
common  English  ed- 
ucation, and  at  the 
age  of  nineteen  was 
appointed  one  of  the 
adjutant-generals  of 
liis  state,  with  the 
rank  of  major.  He  was  soon  after  appoint- 
ed colonel,  wliich  position  he  held  until  1758. 
At  tlu!  age  of  twenty-seven  he  married  Mrs. 
Martha  Cu.stis,  a  wealthy  widow  about 
three  mentlis  liis  junior,  and  the  motlicr  of 
two  children,  in  i7.')9  he  was  elected  to  the 
liou^e  of  burgesses,  and  continued  to  be  re- 
turned to  that  body  for  fifteen  years,  with 
the  exci'j)tion  of  siiort  intervals,  and  ofil- 
ciating  as  justice  of  the  peace.  In  1774-75 
he  was  a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  first 
continental  congress.  He  was  commander- 
in-el  iff  of  liie  .American  army.  He  held  that 
po.sitioii  until  lie  l)roug]it  the  revohitionary 
war  to  a  successful  termination;  then  he 
returned  to  Annapolis,  where  congress  was 
in  session,  and  resigned  liis  commission  Dec. 
2.?,   1783.    In   May,    1787,  he   was   elect.'d   to 


the  convention  which  met  in  Philadelphia 
for  the  purpose  of  framing  a  constitution, 
and  was  chosen  to  preside  over  its  delibera- 
tions. The  convention  succeeded  in  fram- 
ing our  present  constitution  of  the  United 
'  States,  and  it  was  adopted  by  that  body 
Sept.  17,  1787.  As  soon  as  the  constitution 
liad  been  ratified  by  a  sullicient  number  of 
states  they  proceeded  to  elect  a  president. 
George  Waslungton  was  unanimously  elect- 
ed by  the  electoral  college  in  April,  1789, 
leceivnig  sixty-nine  votes.  These  were  the 
votes  of  only  ten  states;  two  of  the  thir- 
teen original  states  had  not  yet  ratified 
the  constitution,  and  New  York  had  not 
passed  an  elei-toral  law.  He  took  the  oath 
of  oiHce  April  30,  1789,  at  Federal  hall,  in 
tiie  city  ot  JNew  iork.  At  tlie  expiration 
of  his  first  term  he  was  unanimously  re- 
elected by  the  electoral  college,  and  took 
the  oath  of  ofiice,  March  4,  1793,  at  Phila- 
delphia. On  the  4th  of  March,  1797,  his  sec- 
ond presidential  term  closed,  and  he  retired 
to  his  farm  at  Mount  Vernon,  determined  to 
pass-  the  remainder  of  his  days  in  retire- 
ment. In  July,  1798,  the  ];ank  and  title  of 
lieutenant-general  and  commander-in-chief 
of    all    the    armies    of    the    United    States 

was  conferred  upon 
him  by  congress  on 
account  of  difficul- 
ties with  France,  but 
he  did  not  find  it  nec- 
essary to  take  the 
field.  He  held  the 
commission  until  his 
death,  which  occurred 
Dec.  14,  1799,  and  his 
body  was  deposited  in 
the  family  tomb  at 
Mount  Vernon.  Colo- 
nel Henry  Lee  said  in 
a  memorial  address  before  congress  that  he 
was  first  in  war,  first  in  peace,  and  first 
in  the  hearts  of  his  countrymen.  Washing- 
ton held  political  olfice  about  twenty-five 
years,  and  military  positions  about  fifteen 
years.  He  left  an  estati;  valued  at  $800,000. 
Washington,  Bushrod,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, autlior,  was  born  June  5,  1702,  in  West- 
moreland county,  \'a.  He  served  as  a  sol- 
dier in  tlie  revolution;  was  a  member  of 
the  Virginia  house  of  delegates;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  convention  to  ratify  the 
federal  constitution.  In  1798-1829  he  was 
associate  justice  of  the  sui)r»MUe  court  of 
the  Unite<l  States.  He  was  the  author  of 
Reports  of  Cases  in  the  Virginia  Court  of 
Appeals;  and  Reports  of  Cases  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  Circuit  Court,  Third  District,  1803- 
27.  He  died  Nov.  20,  1829,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Washington,  George  Corbin,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  b(jrn  Aug.  20,  1789,  in  West- 
moreland county,  V'a.  In  1827-33  and  1835- 
37  he  was  a  re|)resentative  from  Maryland 
to  the  twentieth,  twenty-first,  twenty-sec- 
ond and  twenty- fourth  congresses.  He  was 
a    president    of    the    Chesapeake    and    Ohio 


610 


HERRTNGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


canal;  and  a  commissioner  for  the  settle- 
ment of  Indian  claims.  He  died  July  17, 
1854,  in  Georgetown,  D.C. 

Washington,  Henry  Stephens,  geologist, 
archiEologist,  author,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1867, 
in  Newark,  N.J.  In  1889-94  he  was  engaged 
in  excavations  in  Greece;  and  since  1893 
has  been  engaged  in  the  study  of  the  igne- 
ous rocks  of  Greece,  Asia  Minor,  Italy, 
Spain,  United  States  and  other  countries. 
He  is  the  author  of  Quantitative  Classifica- 
tion of  Igneous  Rocks;  and  Manual  of  the 
Chemical  Analysis  of  Rocks;  and  The  Ro- 
man Comagmatic  Region. 

Washington,  James  B.,  soldier,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1839,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  served  during  the  civil  war 
in  1861-65  as  aide  on  the  staff  of  General 
Johnston.  He  was  president  of  the  Wheel- 
ing, Pittsburgh  and  Baltimore  railroad;  and 
also  president  of  numerous  railroad  corpora- 
tions connected  with  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
railroad  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Washington,  John  Augustine,  soldier,  was 
born  May  3,  1821,  in  Blakely,  Va.  He  -was 
a  great-grand-nephew  of  George  Washing- 
ton; served  as  aide  on  the  stall'  of  General 
Robert  E.  Lee;  and  was  killed  with  a  re- 
connoitering  party,  Sept.  13,  1861,  in  West- 
ern Virginia. 

Washington,  Joseph  Edwin,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,   congressman,   was  born  Nov.   10, 


1851,  in  Wessington, 


Tenn.  He  is  a  descend- 
ant of  the  Virginia 
Washingtons  of  Sur- 
rey and  Southampton 
counties.  In  1876  he 
was  elected  a  member 
of  the  Tennessee 
house  of  representa- 
tives; and  in  1880 
was  the  democratic 
elector  on  the  Han- 
cock and  English  tick- 
et. In  1887-97  he  was 
a  representative  to 
the  fiftieth,  fifty-first, 
fifty-second,  fifty-third  and  fifty-fourth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  Having  been  a  con- 
sistent sound  money  democrat,  he  declined 
to  be  a  candidate  for  re-election  after  the 
adoption  of  the  Chicago  democratic  plat- 
form. He  is  now  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits. 

Washington,  Lewis  William,  planter,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Nov.  30,  1812,  in  George- 
town, D.C.  In  1833  he  graduated  from 
Princeton  college;  and  while  there  assisted 
Professor  Henry  with  experiments  which 
resulted  in  the  discovery  of  the  transmis- 
sion of  electricity  by  wire  which  was  the 
foundation  of  telegraphy;  and  he  made  the 
magnet  which  was  used  in  that  discovery. 
While  serving  as  aide-de-camp  to  Governor 
Wise  he  was  captured  by  a  raiding  party 
of  John  Brown's,  and  held  a  prisoner  during 
tlie  raid  at  Harper's  Ferry  in  1859.  He  died 
Oct.  1,  1871,  at  Harper's  Ferry,  W.Va. 


Washington,  Mrs.  Lucy  Hall,  reformer, 
author,  was  born  in  1835  in  Vermont,  bne 
is  the  wife  of  a  baptist  clergyman  of  Port 
Jervis,  N.Y.  She  is  the  author  of  Echoes 
of  Song;  and  Memory's  Casket. 

Washington,  William,  soldier,  legislator, 
was  born  Feb.  28,  1752,  in  Stafford  county, 
Va.    He   entered    the    army   under   Mercer; 

and  greatly  distin- 
guished himself  at  the 
south  as  a  commander 
of  a  corps  of  cavalry. 
He  was  taken  prison- 
er at  the  battle  of 
Eutaw  Springs ;  and 
remained  a  captive 
until  the  close  of  the 
revolutionary  w  a  r. 
After  the  conclusion 
of  peace  he  took  no 
other  concern  in  pub- 
lic affairs  than  to 
ai)i)car  ueeatsionally  in  the  legislature  of 
South  Carolina,  although  he  was  offered 
the  nomination  for  the  governorship  of 
that  state.  He  died  March  6,  1810,  in 
Charleston,  S.C. 

Washington,  William  Augustine,  soldier, 
was  liorn  in  Virginia.  In  1776-78  he  served 
in  the  revolutionary  war.  In  1798  he  at- 
tained tiie  rank  of  brigadier-general  of  the 
United  States  army.  He  died  March  6, 
1810. 

Washington,  William  H.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Feb.  7,  1813,  in  Wayne  coun-. 
ty,  N.C.  In  1841-43  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  twenty-seventh  congress.  He  sub- 
sccpiently  served  five  or  six  years  in  the 
state  l(>gi.slature.  He  died  Aug.  12,  1860,  in 
New   Bern,  N.C. 

Washington,  William  Lanier,  business 
president,  cai)italist,  was  born  March  30, 
1865,  in  Montgomery,  Ala    He  was  educated 

at  Burlington  college 
and  at  the  university 
of  Pennsylvania.  In 
1886-90  he  was  audit- 
or and  general  pas- 
senger agent  of  one 
of  the  Baltimore  and 
Ohio  railroad's  collat- 
eral lines;  in  1893-98 
w  a  s  president  and 
general  manager  of 
the  Elliott  Washing- 
ton steel  company; 
in  1898-1901  was 
chairman  and  managing  director  of  the 
Pittsburgh  sheet  steel  manufacturing  com- 
]iany;  in  1905-06  was  president  and  director 
of  tlie  Ilnitcd  oil  cloth  company  of  Tren- 
ton, N.J. ;  in  1901-02  was  vice-president  and 
director  of  tlie  ITnited  States  fire-proofing 
corporation;  and  in  1891-99  was  president 
of  tli(>  Laurel  land  company  of  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.  lie  was  a  director  of  the  Wheeling, 
Pittsburgh  and  Baltimore  railroad;  a  di- 
rector  of   the   Somerset   and   Cambria   rail- 


HERRINGSHAWS  I.IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


611 


road;  and  a  director  ot  the  Sliarpsvillo  rail- 
road. He  was  president  of  tlie  Irish  setter 
dub  of  America:  and  formerly  owned  tlie 
Kildare  kennel  of  Irish  setters. 

Wason,  Leonard  Chase,  civil  engineer,  aii- 
tliur,  was  burn  Aug.  5,  1S(J8,  in  lirookline, 
Mass.  Since  1895  he  has  been  president  of 
the  Aberthaw  construction  conipan\'  of  Bos- 
ton, -Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Kngineers' 
Handbook  of  Keinforced  Concrete. 

Wass,  Ansel  Dyer,  soldier,  was  born  in 
.Maine.  In  1801  he  was  captain  in  the  nine- 
teentii  regiment  Massachusetts  infantry; 
and  in  ISO.}  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of   volunteers.    He  died  Jan.  24,   1889. 

Wasson,  David  Atwood,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  ^lay  14,  1823,  in  West 
Brooksville,  Maine.  He  was  a  unitarian 
clergyman  of  Massachusetts.  He  was  the 
author  of  Poems;  and  Essays:  Religious, 
Social,  Political.  He  died  Jan.  21,  1887,  in 
West  Medford,  Mass. 

Wasson,  George  Savary,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Aug.  27,  1855,  in  Groveland,  Mass. 
His  works  are  Great  Misery  Island;  The 
Constitution  and  the  Guerriere;  A  Wreck 
at  Isle  au  Haut;  Going  to  Pieces;  and  Run- 
ning for  a  Harbor.  He  is  the  author  of 
Cap'n  Simeon's  Store. 

Waterbury,  David,  soldier,  was  born  Feb. 
12,  1722,  in  Stamford,  Conn.  He  took  part 
in  tlie  Frencli  and  Indian  war;  was  present 
at  the  attack  on  Ticonderoga  in  1758;  and 
in  the  campaign  against  Quebec  in  1775  as 
lieutenant  colonel.  In  1781  he  commanded 
a  brigade  under  Washington  rendering  more 
or  less  active  service  during  the  remainder 
of  the  war.  He  was  in  the  general  assem- 
bly during  the  years  1783-94  and  1795.  He 
died  June  29,  1801,  in  Stamford,  Conn. 

Waterbury,  Jared  Bell,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  11,  1799,  in  Xew  York 
City.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman; 
and  was  city  missionary  of  Brooklyn.  He 
was  the  author  of  Advice  to  a  Young  Chris- 
tian; Voyage  of  Life;  Sketches  of  Eloquent 
Preachers:  and  Southern  Planters  and 
Freedman.  He  died  Dec.  31,  1870,  in  Brook- 
lyn, X.Y. 

Waterhouse,  Benjamin,  educator,  piiysl- 
cian,  author,  was  born  March  4,  1754,  in 
Newport.  R.I.  He  was  professor  of  medi- 
cine at  Harvard  university  in  1783-1812; 
and  of  natural  history  at  Brown  university 
in  1784-91.  He  was  the  author  of  Lectures 
on  th«!  Theory  and  Practice  of  Medicine; 
The  Principles  of  Vitality:  Tlie  B<»tanist; 
and  The  Journal  of  a  Young  Man  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, a  novel.  He  died  Oct.  2,  1846, 
in   Cambridge.  Mass. 

Waterloo,  Stanley,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  .May  21,  1840,  in  St.  Clair  county, 
Mich.  He  was  twice  president  of  the  Chi- 
cago press  club.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
Man  and  A  Woman;  An  Odd  Situation: 
The  Story  of  Ab;  Armageddon;  The  Wol- 
verines; The  Launching  of  a  Man:  and 
The   Cassowary. 

Waterman,  Arba  N.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 


ist, was  burn  Feb.  5,  1830,  in  Greensboro, 
\'t.  He  was  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  one 
hundreth  regiment  Illinois  volunteers  in  the 
civil  war;  and  was  wounded  at  the  battle 
of  Chickamauga.  Ht'  practiced  law  in  Chi- 
cago; was  judge  of  appellate  court  for  first 
district  of  Illinois.  In  1887-1903  he  was 
judgL'  of  the  circuit  court  of  Cook  county, 
111.   He  is  the  author  of  A  Century  of  Caste. 

Waterman,  Charles  M.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Jan.  5,  1847,  in  Frankfort,  Ivy. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  seventeenth  gen- 
eral assembly  of  Iowa;  and  for  eleven 
years  was  judge  of  the  district  court  of 
the  seventh  judicial  district  of  Iowa.  In 
1897-1902  he  w^as  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Iowa;  and  is  now  engaged  in  the 
[)ractice  of  law. 

Waterman,  Elijah,  clergyman,  author,  po- 
et, was  born  Nov.  28,  1769,  in  Bozrah,  Conn. 
He  was  the  author  of  An  Oration  before 
the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati;  A  Century 
Sermon  at  Windham;  and  Life  and  Writ- 
ings of  John  Calvin.  He  died  Oct.  11,  1825, 
in  Springfield,  Mass. 

Waterman,  Frank  Allen,  educator,  physi- 
cist, was  born  July  9,  1805,  in  Oswego,  N.Y. 
In  1888  he  graduated  from  the  Princeton 
university;  was  professor  of  physics  in  the 
Purdue  university  in  1891-93;  instructor  in 
physics  in  the  Princeton  university  during 
1893-97;  and  since  that  time  has  filled  the 
chair  of  physics  in  the  Smith  college  of 
Northampton,  Mass. 

Waterman,  Lewis  Edson,  manufacturer, 
inventor,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1837,  in  De- 
catur, N.Y.  He  was  the  inventor  of  the 
Waterman  fountain  pen.  He  died  in  1901 
in   Brooklyn.  X.Y. 

Waterman,  James  S.,  surveyor,  mer- 
chant, banker,  was  born  May  29,  1820,  in 
Salisbury,  N.Y.    He   was   appointed   deputy 

surveyor  of  Winneba- 
l:o  county.  111.;  and 
in  that  capacity  sur- 
veyed and  platted  the 
.  ^^^  ^^^^Hl  ^'^^  *^^  Svcamore.  111., 
^^  ^^^"  in"  1839.  *ln  1844  he 
■i,  established  a  mercan- 
tile store  in  Genoa, 
111.:  and  then  became 
engaged  in  banking 
and  real  estate.  In 
1871  he  established 
the  Sycamore  nation- 
al bank;  and  has  been 
its  h(  ad  since  the  organization.  He  was 
al.so  one  of  the  ])rirne  movers  in  building 
the  Sycamore  and  Courtland  railroad;  and 
was  connected  with  several  other  enter- 
prises. 

Waterman,  Lucius,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1851  in  Khocle  Island.  He  is  an  epis- 
copal clergyman  of  Charlestown.  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Post-A])ostolic  Age; 
and  Early  Journals  of  Convention  of  the 
lipiscopal  Chnrch   in  New  Hampshire. 

Waterman,  Marcus,  jtainter,  artist,  was 
born   Sei>t.   1,   1834,   in   Providence,  R.I.    His 


612 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


miner,  gov- 
in  Fairfield, 

in  business 
In    1840   he 

In   1850  he 


landscapes  include  Gulliver  in  Lilliput, 
which  was  at  the  Centennial  exhibition  of 
1876;  The  Roc's  Egg;  The  Journey  to  the 
City  of  Brass;  and  numerous  American  for- 
est scenes  and  Arabian  subjects. 

Waterman,  Nixon,  lecturer,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Nov.  12,  1859,  in  Newark,  111.  He 
was  educated  ift  the  public  schools.  In  1887- 

90  he  was  on  the  ed- 
itorial staff  of  the 
Omaha  World  Herald 
and  Bee;  and  in  1890- 
93  was  on  the  staff  of 
the  Herald  and  Post. 
He  is  a  contributor 
of  verse  to  magazines ; 
and  has  given  many 
public  readings  of  his 
own  lines  and  some 
lectures  on  humorous- 
literary  topics.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  Book 
of  Verses;  In  Merry  Mood,  Boy  Wanted, 
and  Sonnets  of  a  Budding  Bard. 
Waterman,  Robert  Whitney, 
ernor,  was  born  Dec.  15,  1826, 
N.Y.  In  1846  he  was  engaged 
for  himself  in  Belvidere,  111. 
was  250-'^tmaster  at  Genoa,  HI. 
went  to  California  and  engaged  in  mining 
on  Foatiier  river.  He  became  governor  of 
California.  He  died  Aug.  12,  1891,  in  San 
Diego.   Cal. 

Waterman,  Sigismund,  physician,  surgeon, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1819, 
in  Bavaria.  In  1857  he  was  appointed  police 
surgeon,  which  place  he  filled  for  nearly 
thirty  years;  and  during  the  civil  war  he 
was  made  one  of  the  draft  surgeons.  Among 
his  papers  are  Practical  Remarks  on  Scar- 
latina; Therapeutic  Emplojanent  of  Oxide 
of  Zinc;  and  Spectral  Analysis  as  an  Aid 
in  tlie  Diagnosis  of  Disease.  He  died  March 
15,  18!»i).  in  New  York  City. 

Waterman,  Sylvanus  Dexter,  soldier,  edu- 
cator, was  born  Sept.  14,  1842,  in  Litchfield, 
Maine.  In  1861  he  graduated  from  Bowdoin 
college,  and  served  gallantly  through  the 
civil  war  in  the  third  regiment  Massachu- 
setts volunteer  infantry.  He  has  attained 
success  in  educational  work;  has  been  su- 
perintendent of  schools  in  Greencastle,  Ind.; 
principal  of  grammar  schools  in  Louisville, 
Ky.;  for  twelve  years  was  principal  of  the 
high  school  in  Stockton,  Cal.;  and  is  now 
princi])al  of  high  school  and  general  super- 
intenih-nt  of  public  schools  of  Berkeley,  Cal. 
In  1882  he  was  republican  nominee  for  state 
superintendent  of  public  instruction  of  Cali- 
fornia. » 
Waterman,  Thomas  Glasby,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  autlior,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1788,  in 
New  York  City.  He  w^as  in  the  New  Y^ork 
legislature  in  1826;  and  in  the  state  senate  in 
1827-31.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Jus- 
tice's Manual.  He  died  Jan.  7,  1862,  in 
Binghamton,  N.Y. 

Waterman,  Thomas  Whitney,  lawyer,  au- 
tlior, was  born  June  28,  1821,  in  Bingham- 


ton,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Civil 
Jurisdiction  of  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  New 
York;  Civil  and  Criminal  Jurisdiction  of 
Justices  in  Wisconsin  and  Iowa;  Principles 
of  Law  and  Equity;  The  Law  of  Set-Off; 
The  Law  of  Trespass;  The  Law  Relating 
to  Specific  Performance  of  Contracts;  and 
The  LaAV  of  Corporations  other  than  Munici- 
pal.   He  died  in   1898  in  Binghamton,  N.Y. 

Waters,  Campbell  Easter,  chemist,  botan- 
ist, author,  was  born  Sept.  12,  1872,  in  Balti- 
more county,  Md.  Since  1904  he  has  been 
assistant  in  chemistry  at  the  bureau  of 
standards  at  W'ashington,  D.C.  He  is  the 
author  of  Ferns. 

Waters,  Mrs.  Clara  Erskine,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  28,  1834,  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.  She  is  an  art- writer  of  Boston.  She  is 
the  author  of  Handbook  of  Legendary  and 
Mythological  Art;  Painters,  Sculptors, 
Aichitects,  Engravers,  and  their  Works,  a 
Handbook;  Christian  Symbols;  Artists  of 
the  Nineteenth  Century  and  Their  Works; 
Life  of  Charlotte  Cushman;  Eleanor  Mait- 
land,  a  novel;  Stories  of  Art  and  Artists; 
Naples,  the  City  of  Parthenope;  Venice, 
Mediaeval  and  Modern;  Constantinople,  the 
City  of  the  Sultans;  History  of  Painting 
for  Beginners  and  Students;  Rome,  the 
Eternal  City;  Angels  in  Art,  Saints  in  Art; 
Heroines  of  the  Bible  in  Art;  and  Women 
in  the  Fine  Arts. 

Waters,  Daniel  Howard,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Dec.  29,  1834,  in  West 
Falls,  N.Y.  He  invented  machines  for  the 
manufacture  of  bent  ware;  for  the  man- 
ufacture of  measures;  and  for  salt,  grease 
and  bail  boxes.  In  1869  he  founded  and 
later  became  president  of  the  ^Michigan  bar- 
rel company  of  Grand  Rajjids,  Mich.  He 
was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  National 
bank;  and  one  of  the  founders  of  the/ Peo- 
ple's savings  bank  of  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 
He  died  March  17,  1894,  in  Green  Cove 
Springs,  Fla. 

Waters,  Julius  S.,  lawyer,  statesman,  was 
born  March  25,  1836,  in  Warrick  county, 
Ind.  In  1858  he  was  a  candidate  for  the 
legislature  in  his  native  county  and  state; 
and  in  1860  was  a  member  of  the  Indiana 
state  commission  when  Benjamin  Harrison 
was  nominated  for  supreme  court  reporter. 
In  1864-65  he  was  engaged  in  journalistic 
work,  and  has  ])ublished  and  edited  papers 
in  Nebraska,  Kansas  and  Idalio.  In  1866 
he  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  county 
attorney  in  Kansas  in  1868;  and  received 
the  re-election  in  1870,  1876  and  1878.  In 
1880  he  was  elected  to  the  Kansas  legisla- 
ture, and  received  the  re-election  to  the 
session  of  1882.  In  1883  he  was  appointed 
receiver  of  the  United  States  land  office 
at  Hailey,  Idaho;  served  four  years,  and 
was  elected  district  attorney  of  Alturas 
county.  Idaho,  in  1888.  In  1896  he  was 
elected  to  the  Idaho  legislature  from  Lin- 
coln county.  He  is  a  recognized  leader  in 
the  house  of  representatives;   is  a  versatile 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


613 


writer,  a  ready  speaker,  and  a  brilliant 
orator. 

Waters,  Louis  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  18G1  he  was  lievitenant- 
colonel  in  the  twenty-eighth  regiment  Illi- 
nois infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  was 
honorably  nnistered  out  in  1865. 

Waters,  Nicholas  Baker,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1764  in  Maryland.  He 
praetit-ed  medicine  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
was  the  author  of  A  System  of  Surgery. 
He  died  1706  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Walters,  Robert,  educator,  author,  was 
boni  -May  !».  1835,  in  Scotland.  He  is  an 
educator  of  Hoboken,  N.J.  He  is  the  author 
of  Life  of  William  Cobbett;  Shakespeare 
Portrayed  by  Himself;  How  Genius  Works 
its  Wonders';  John  Selden  and  His  Table- 
Talk:  Flashes  of  Wit  and  Humor;  and 
Working  His  Way  Through   Europe. 

Waters,  Russell  Judson,  lawyer,  founder, 
congressman,  was  born  June  6,  1843,  in  Hal- 
ifax, \'t.  He  founded  Redlands,  Cal.;  and 
built  and  was  president  of  the  Redlands 
San  Bernardino  company.  He  is  president 
of  the  Los  Angeles  directory  company;  was 
president  of  the  Los  Angeles  chamber  of 
commerce.  In  1809-1001  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  California  to  the  fifty-sixth 
congress    as    a   republican. 

Waters,  William  Everett,  educator,  au- 
thor, college  president,  was  born  Dec.  20, 
1856,  in  Winthrop,  Maine.  In  1800-04  he 
was  professor  of  Greek  and  comparative 
philology  in  the  university  of  Cincinnati. 
In  1804-1000  he  was  president  of  Wells  col- 
lege of  Aurora,  N.Y.;  and  since  1002  has 
been  profes.sor  of  Greek  at  tlie  New  York 
university.  He  was  joint  author  with  Presi- 
dent Harper,  of  the  Chicago  university,  of 
An  Inductive  Greek  Method;  and  is  the  au- 
thor  of  Town   Life   in  Ancient  Italy. 

Waters,  Wilson,  clergyman,  genealogist, 
historigiaMlicr.  author,  was  born  Oct.  11, 
1855.  in  .Marietta.  Ohio.  He  received  a  thor- 
ough education,  and 
for  some  time  studied 
divinity.  He  has  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
M..A.  and  13.1).  He  is 
;i  clergyman  o  f 
Clielmsford.  ilass.  He 
is  the  author  of  An- 
cestry of  the  Waters 
Family;  and  History 
of  St.  Luke's  Church 
of  Marietta;  History 
of  St.  James'  Church 
of  Lancaster,  Pa.;  and 
nis(f>ry   of  Chelmsford,  Mass. 

Waterston,  Mrs.  Anne  Cabot  Lowell,  au- 
thor, poi't,  was  born  .lime  27,  1812.  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  She  was  the  nuthor  of  Verses 
by  A.  C.  Q.  W.;  and  Adelaide  Phillips,  a 
Record.  He  died  Oct.  10.  1800.  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Waterston,  Robert  Cassie,  clergyman,  au- 


thor, was  born  in  May,  1812,  in  Kennebunk, 
Maine.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman  of 
Boston;  and  bequeathed  a  valuable  library 
to  the  .Massachusetts  historical  society. 
He  was  the  author  of  Thoughts  on  Moral 
and  Spiritual  Culture;  and  Arthur  Lee  and 
Tom  Palmer.  He  died  on  Feb.  21,  1893,  in 
jj(j:?con,  iviasa. 

Wathen,  John  R.,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  27,  1872,  in  Louisville, 
Ky.  Since  1808  he  has  practiced  medicine 
in  Louisville,  Ky.  He  is  the  author  of  Epit- 
ome of  History. 

Watie,  Stand,  soldier,  legislator,  was  born 
in  1815  in  Cherokee,  Ga.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Georgia  legislative  council;  and  was 
speaker  of  tlie  lower  house  in  1862-65.  He 
became  colonel  of  the  first  Cherokee  con- 
federate infantry  regiment  in  1861;  and 
was  promoted  brigadier-general  in  the  con- 
federate army  in  1864.  He  died  in  August, 
1877. 

Waties,  James  Rives,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Aug.  22,  1845,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  He 
served  in  the  confederate  army  during  the 
civil  war.  He  was  promoted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  United  States  volunteers  in  1898 
during  the  Spanish-American  war. 

Watkins,  Albert,  journalist,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  16,  1848,  in  England. 
In  1885-00  he  was  postmaster  of  Lincoln, 
Xeb.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  Ne- 
braska, in  three  volumes. 

Watkins,  Albert  G.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  May  5,  1818, 
in  JelTers<)n  county,  Tenn.  He  was  elected 
to  tlie  Tennessee  legislature  in  1845;  and 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1848.  In  1849- 
5.3  and  1S55-50  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  thirty-first,  thirty-second,  thirty-fourth 
and   thirty-fifth   congresses. 

Watkins,  George  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1S52  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of   Arkansas. 

Watkins,  Jabez  Bunting,  lawyer,  banker, 
railioad  jiresident,  was  born  June  25,  1845, 
in  Indiana  county.  Pa.  In  1800  he  became 
])rcsident  of  the  Kansas  City,  Watkins  and 
gulf  railroad;  and  is  president  of  the  Wat- 
kins  national   bank   at  Lawrence,  Kan. 

Watkins,  John  Elfreth,  civil  engineer,  au- 
liior.  was  born  ^lay  17,  1852,  in  Ben  Lo- 
mond. \'a.  In  1805  he  became  curator  of 
technology  in  the  United  States  national 
nniscum.  In  1804  he  was  director  of  indus- 
trial arts  in  the  Field  Columbian  museum  of 
Chicago.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
tin-  Pennsvlvania  Railroad.  Tie  died  in  1003 
in  Wasliington.  D.C. 

Watkins,  John  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist, 
I  oMgressmaii,  was  born  .Ian.  15,  1854,  in  Min- 
(|cn.  La.  He  was  educated  at  Cumberland 
university  of  Lebanon.  Tenn.;  st>i(lie(l  law 
at  MiTiden.  La.;  and  in  1878  was  admitted 
to  practice.  In  1802-1004  he  was  judge  of 
the  district  court  of  Louisiana.  In  1005-15 
he  was  a  representative  from  Louisiana  to 
the  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-sec- 


614 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ond  and  sixty-third  congi'esses  as  a  demo- 
crat. 

Watkins,  Louis  Douglas,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1835  in  Florida.  He  received  the  brevets 
of  major  in  1863  for  gallant  service  in  the 
expedition  to  Tennessee;  lieutenant-colonel 
for  service  at  Lafayette;  and  that  of  brig- 
adier-general in  1865.  He  died  March  29, 
1868.  in  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

Watkins,  Lyman  Boyd,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1886-98  he  was  associate  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  covirt  of  Louisiana.  He  died 
ill  1901  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Watkins,  Samuel,  philanthropist,  was  born 
ill  1794  in  Campbell  county,  Va.  He  be- 
queathed one  hundred  and  thirty  thousand 
dollars  for  the  establishment  of  a  polytech- 
nic institution  in  Nashville,  which  was 
erected  there  in  1882.  He  died  Oct.  16,  1880, 
in    Nashville,    Tenn. 

Watkins,  Tobias,  physician,  was  born  in 
1780  in  Maryland.  In  1825-30  he  was  fourth 
auditor  of  the  treasury.  He  died  Nov.  14, 
1855,  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Watkins,  Walter  Kendall,  genealogist, 
liistorian,  was  born  Aug.  5,  1855,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  is  secretary  ot  tlie  s^u^i^'ty 
of  colonial  wars;  registrar  of  society  of 
sons  of  the  revolution;  and  assistant  libra- 
rian and  curator  of  the  New  England  his- 
toric genealogical  society.  He  is  the  author 
of  Boston  in  tlie  War  of  1812;  Boston  in 
1880;  Boston's  First  Town  House;  and  sev- 
eral   genealogies. 

Watkins,  William  Brown,  pliilologist,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  May  2,  1834,  in  Bridgeport, 
Oliio.  In  1868-72  lie  was  presiding  elder  at 
Steubenville,  Oliio;  after  which  he  was  sta- 
tioned in  Pittsburgh  for  nine  years.  He  was 
a  reader  of  the  historical  dictionary  of  the 
Philological  society;  and  for  many  years 
was  engaged  in  preparing  an  Etymological 
Dictionary  of  American  Geographical  Names. 
He  died  Aug.  15,  1890,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Watmough,  James  Horatio,  naval  officer, 
was  liorii  July  30,  1822,  in  Whitemarsh,  Pa. 
In  1843-44  he  was  acting  midshipman  in  the 

LTnited  States  navy. 
During  the  Mexican 
war  he  was  in  most 
of  the  operations  in 
California,  including 
the  bombardment  oi: 
Guaymas.  In  1864-65 
he  was  fleet  paymas- 
ter of  the  South  At- 
lantic squadron.  He 
■was  sub  sequently 
g  o  n  eral  inspector ; 
and  in  1873-77  was 
paymaster-general.  In 
he  was  retired;  and  in  1906  was  ad- 
vanced  to  the  r.mk  of  rear-admiral. 

Watkins,  David,  philanthropist,  was  born 
Jan.  17,  1778,  in  England.  By  his  will  he 
gave  forty  thousand  dollars  to  the  Hartford 
hospital ;  twenty  tliousand  dollars  to  the 
orpluui  asyhiin;  forty  thousand  dollars  for 
the    foundation    of   a   juvenile    asylum    and 


I S84 


farm  school  for  neglected  and  abandoned 
children;  and  one  hundred  thousand  dollars 
for  a  library  of  reference  in  connection  with 
the  Connecticut  historical  society;  also  mak- 
ing the  trustees  of  the  library  of  reference 
residuary  legatees  of  his  estate.  He  died 
Dec.  13,  1857,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Watmough,  John  Goddard,  soldier,  con- 
grcssiiiau,  was  born  Dec.  6,  1793,  in  Wil- 
mington, Del.  He  was  aide  to  General 
Gaines  at  New  Orleans,  and  in  the  Creek 
Nation  in  1814-15;  and  resigned  his  com- 
mission in  1816.  In  1831-35  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  twen- 
ty-second and  twenty-third  congresses.  He 
was  liigh  shcriir  of  Philadelphia  city  and 
couiitv  in  1835;  and  was  surveyor  of  that 
port  in  1841.  He  died  Nov.  29,  1861,  in  Pliil- 
adelphia,  Pa. 

Watmough,  Pendleton  Gaines,  naval  offi- 
cer, was  born  Mnj  3,  1828,  in  Whitemarsh, 
Pa.    He  entered  the  navy  in  1841;  served  on 
•        the  Brazil  station,  the 
Mediterranean,        and 
the  Pacific;  and  shar- 
ed in  the  capture  and 
j^  ^,  occupation  of  Califor- 

t^;^  ■;>■  ^''  nia   during  the  Mexi- 

can war.  He  served 
in  the  Mediterranean 
and  Pacific  and  on  the 
coast  of  China;  and 
resigned  in  1858.  In 
1861  he  volunteered 
for  the  civil  war  and 
was  reappointed  in  the 
luuy.  He  re^igiifd  as  lieutenant-commander 
in  1865;  and  in  1869-77  was  collector  of  the 
])ort   of  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Watres,  Louis  Arthur,  soldier,  lawyer, 
banker,  lieutenant-governor,  statesman,  was 
born  April  21,  1851,  in  Mt.  Vernon,  Pa.  He 
received  his  education  in  the  public  and  pri- 
vate schools  of  his  native  state;  and  soon 
attained  success  in  the  practice  of  law  at 
Scranton,  Pa.  In  1883-91  he  served  two 
terms  as  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
state  senate;  in  1891-95  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Pennsylvania;  Avas  president 
of  tlie  state  senate;  and  has  been  president 
of  the  board  of  pardoiis.  For  nine  years  he 
was  county  solicitor  of  Lackawanna  coun- 
ty. Pa.;  and  1891  was  chairman  of  the  re- 
publican state  committee.  He  has  been 
president  of  the  Spring  Brook  water  sup- 
ply company;  president  of  the  title  guaran- 
ty and  surety  company  of  Scranton,  Pa.; 
and  president  of  the  County  savings  bank 
and  Scranton  trust  company.  He  was  colonel 
of  the  eleventh  regiment  Pennsylvania  na- 
tional guard  during  the  Spanisli-American 
war.  He  is  now  coloncd  of  tlie  thirteenth 
regiment  Pennsylvania  national  guard;  and 
general-inspector  of  rifle  practice  on  the 
stair  of  Governor  Beaver. 

Watrous,  Charles  Leach,  soldier,  horticul- 
turist, legislator,  was  born  Jan.  13,  1837, 
in  Freetown,  N.Y.  In  1883-85  he  was  a 
member   of    the   Iowa   state    legislature.     In 


HERRINGSHAWS   Lir.RARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


615 


1886-87  he  was  president  of  the  American 
association  of  nurserymen;  and  in  1897- 
1!)01  was  president  of  tlie  American  pomo- 
logical  society.  He  is  a  successful  fruit 
grower  of  Des  Moines,  Iowa;  and  a  con- 
tributor to  horticultural  publications. 

Watrous,  George  Ansel,  ediicator,  autlior, 
was  born  Feb.  26,  1872.  in  lliiij^liamtoi;.  N. 
Y.  He  was  professor  of  Enslisb  at  the  Free 
academy  of  Utica,  N  Y.  He  was  the  author 
of  First  Year  in  En.ulish ;  Second  Y?ar  in 
Enirii-sh  :  and  was  editor  of  various  Eujilish 
classics.  He  died  Aug.  27.  1903.  in  Utica. 
NY. 

Watrous,  Harry  Willson,  painter,  artist, 
was  liorn  Sept.  17.  1857.  in  Snn  Francisco, 
Cal.  He  is  well  known,  as  a  genre  painter 
with  a  specialty  of  small  figures,  very  high- 
ly finished.  In  1895  he  became  a  national 
academician  :  and  since  1898  has  been  sec- 
retary of  the  National  academy  of  desisn. 
Watrous,  Jerome  A.,  soldier,  journalist, 
was  born  Sejit.  6.  1840,  in  Conklin,  N.Y. 
His  place  in  the  history  of  the  civil  war  is 
forever  fixed  by  'the  fact  of  his  having  be?n 
adjutant  general  of  the  famous  Wisconsin 
iron  brigade.  For  many  years  he  has  been 
a  journalist  of  reputation,  and  his  historical 
articles  on  the  civil  war  published  (hiring 
the  last  three  years  in  the  Tinies-Ilovald 
have  been  the  most  widely  read  literature 
of  their  kind  in  recent  years.  In  1898  he 
was  made  a  paymaster  in  the  regular  nrmy, 
with   the  rank  of  major. 

Watrous,  John  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1806  in  Colch.ester,  C(mu.  He  was 
attorney-general  of  the  republic  of  Texas ; 
and  when  it  became  a  slate  was  made  dis- 
trict judge  of  the  United  States  court  for 
the  eastem  district  of  the  state,  serving  un- 
til 18f59.  He  died  June  17.  1874,  in  Bal- 
timore.   Md. 

Watson,  Alfred  Augustin,  clergyman, 
bisliop.  was  i)Oin  Aug.  21.  1818.  in  New 
York  City.  He  served  as  chaplain  to  the 
second  reiriment  of  North  Carolina  state 
troops  in  18fil-G3,  when  he  was  elected  as- 
sistant to  Bisliop  Atkinson,  in  charge  of  St. 
James'  church  of  Wilmington,  N.C.  He 
became  rector  in  1864;  and  served  there  un- 
til his  elevation  to  the  epis(oi)a1e.  In  1884 
he  was  consecrated  protestant  episcopal 
bisliop  of  east  Carolina.  He  died  in  1905 
in    Wilmington.   S.C. 

Watson,  Alfred  E.,  journalist,  business 
man.  state  senator,  was  born  .\ug.  6,  1857, 
in  Worcester,  Yt.  Since  1885  he  has  been 
agent  of  the  A'ermont  mutual  (ire  insurance 
company;  and  was  a  director  in  that  coin- 
pa  tiv  in  1886-90.  In  1887-97  he  was  tlie 
Yermont  representative  of  the  New  England 
associated  press.  In  1898-1900  he  was  a 
member  of   the   Yermont   state   senate. 

Watson,  Amelia  Montague,  illustrator, 
artist,  wiis  born  .Maicli  2.  1856,  in  East 
Windsor  Hill.  Conn.  She  is  distinctly  a 
painter  of  New  England  and  .southern  scen- 
ery, working  much  in  Florida,  North  Caro- 
lina    and     the     Yirginiu     mountains.        She 


holds  exhil)itions  in   various  cities;  and  has 
illustrated    'I'horeau's    Cape   Cod    in    color. 

Watson,  Mrs.  Augusta  Campbell,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  in  1862  in  New 
York.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Old  Har- 
bor Town  ;  Dorothy  the  Puritan  ;  Off  Lynn- 
port    Light ;   and   Beyond   the   City   Gates. 

Watson,  Benjamin  Frank,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, lawyer,  was  l)orn  April  30.  1826, 
in  Warner,  N.H.  He  was  editor  and  pro- 
prietor of  tlie  Lawrence  Sentinel ;  postmas- 
ter of  the  city  ;  and  city  solicitor.  He  was 
major  of  tlie  sixth  regiment  of  Massachu- 
setts militia.  He  practiced  law  in  New- 
York  Citv.  He  died  in  1905  in  New  York 
City. 

Watson,  Beriah  Andre,  physician,  author, 
was  born  :March  26,  1836,  in  Lake  George, 
N.Y.  In  1862, he  entered  the  United  States 
service  as  contract  surgeon ;  and  was  en- 
gaged until  the  end  of  the  civil  war.  He 
was  president  of  the  New  Jersey  academy 
of  medicine.  He  was  a  physician  of  Jersey 
City;  He  was  the  author  of  Amputations 
and  their  Complications;  and  The  Sports- 
man's Paradise,  or  the  Lake  Lands  of 
Canada.  He  died  Dec.  22,  1892,  in  Jersey 
City.   N.J. 

Watson,  Cooper  K.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Ohio.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  thirty-fourth 
congress.     He  died  in  Ohio. 

Watson,  David  Kemper,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, author,  was  born  June  18,  1849.  near 
London,  Ohio.  In  1871  he  graduated  from 
Dickinson  college.  He  was  assistant  Unit- 
ed States  district  attorney  for  the  southern 
district  of  Ohio  during  the  administration 
of  President  Arthur;  and  in  1887  was  nom- 
inated by  the  republican  state  convention 
of  Ohio  for  attorney-general  and  elected; 
and  was  renominated  by  :icclamation  and  re- 
elected in  1889.  In  1892  he  was  appointed 
special  counsel  for  the  I'nited  States  in  the 
suits  brought  by  the  government  against 
the  Pacific  railroads.  In  1895-97  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  (ifty-fourth  congress 
as  a  republi<aii.  In  1898  he  was  appointed 
a  member  of  the  commission  to  revise  and 
codify  the  criminal  and  penal  laws  of  the 
United  States.  He  is  the  author  of  His- 
tory of  .\nieric:in  Coinage;  and  other  works. 
Watson,  Edward  B.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1880-82  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Oregon;  and  in  1882-84 
he   was   chief  justice. 

Watson,  Edward  Willard,  physician,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Jan.  2,  1843.  in  New- 
liort.  U.l.  He  is  a  in-actlcing  physician  of 
Piiiladrlpbia.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
Sonus  of  Flyin'j;  Hours;  Today  and  Yester- 
day:   iind    Old    Lamps    ami    New. 

Watson,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Lowe,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  6.  1S43.  in  Solon, 
Ohio.  She  has  lectured  through  Austra- 
lia on  moral  and  social  subjects,  religious 
reforms  and  advancement  of  women.  She 
is    the   author   of    Song   and    Sermon. 


616 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Watson,  Elkanah',  agriculturist,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  22,  1758,  in  Plymouth,  Mass. 
He  was  a  noted  traveler  and  agriculturist. 
He  was  the  author  of  Men  and  Times  of 
the  Kevolution,  his  best-known  work,  which 
is  mainly  autobiographic.  Other  works  of 
his  are.  Tour  in  Holland  in  1784 ;  His- 
tory of  the  Canals  in  the  State  of  New 
York  from  1788  to  1819;  Rise  of  Modern 
Agricultural  Societies ;  and  History  of  Agri- 
cultural Societies  on  the  Berkshire  System. 
He  died  Dec.  5,  1842.  in  Port  Kent,  N.Y. 
Watson,  Eugene  Winslow,  naval  officer, 
was  born  in  184.3  in  Northampton,  Mass. 
During  the  civil  war  he  served  as  ensign. 
In  1893  he  became  commander ;  in  1899 
was  made  captain ;  and  in  1899-1902  was 
captain  of  the  navy  yard  at  Norfolk,  Va. 
In  1902  he  was  retired  as  rear  admiral  of 
the  United  States  navy ;  and  resides  in 
Washington,    D.C. 

Watson,  Henry  Clay,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  1831  in  Maryland.  He  moved 
to  California  ;  and  was  editor  of  the  Sacra- 
mento Times.  He  was  the  author  of  Camp- 
fires  of  the  Iic\olution ;  Camptires  of  Na- 
poleon ;  Romance  of  History ;  Lives  of  the 
Presidents;  Nights  in  a  Block-House;  Old 
Bell  of  Independence ;  The  Yankee  Teapot ; 
Heroic  Women  of  History;  and  Universal 
Naval  History.  He  died  July  10,  18e9,  in 
Sacramento.  Cal. 

Watson,  Henry  Cood,  musical  critic,  poet, 
was  born  in  1816  in  England.  He  came  to 
America  in  1840;  and  was  art-critic  for 
the  New  York  World,  in  which  he  pidilished 
several  poems.  He  became  connected  with 
the  Musical  Chronicle  in  1843,  and  con- 
tributed to  various  periodicals.  He  found- 
ed ihe  ^lusical  Guest.  In  1862  he  founded 
the  Art  Journal ;  and  in  1863  became  mu- 
sical critic  of  the  New  Y'ork  Tribune.  He 
died  Dec.   2,   1875,   in   New   York  City. 

Watson,  Henry  Winfield,  lawyer,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  June  24,  1856,  in 
Bucks  county.  Pa.     He  was  educated  in  the 

private        schools       of 

Philadelphia.  Pa.; 
read  law  with  I'.  Car- 
roll Brewster ;  and  in 
1881  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  He  has 
served  several  times 
as  state  congressional 
and  national  delegate 
to  republican  conven- 
tions. In  1895-98  he 
was  president  of  the 
Newton.  Langhorne 
a  n  d  Bristol  street 
railway  company:  and  for  a  number  of 
years  was  presideiit  of  the  Langliorne  li- 
brary association.  In  1900  he  was  appointed 
receiver  of  the  Washington  and  Potomac 
railway  company.  He  is  now  president  of 
the  Washington.  Potomac  and  Chesapeake 
railroad  com], any ;  director  of  the  Bucks 
county  trust  company;  president  of  the  Peo- 
ple's  national    bank    of    Langhorne;    and    a 


director    of    the    Philadelphia    company    for 
guaranteeing  mortgages. 

Watson,  J.  F.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1876-78 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of   Oregon. 

Watson,  James,  legislator.  United  States 
senator,  was  born  April  6,  1750,  in  New 
York  City.  He  \vas  a  member  of  the  as- 
sembly of  New  York  in  1791  and  1794-96; 
and  was  a  state  senator  in  1797.  In  1797- 
1801  he  was  United  States  senator  when  he 
resigned.  He  died  May  15,  1806,  in  New 
York  City. 

Watson,  James,  journalist,  author,  was 
bom  Feb.  24,  1845,  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland. 
For  nine  years  he  was  sporting  editor  of  the 
Philadelphia  press;  founiled  Field  and  Fancy 
as  a  kennel  paper;  and  founded  the  Ameri- 
can spaniel  club.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Dog  Book. 

Watson,  James  Craig,  astronomer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  28,  1838,  in  Canada. 
He  became  assistant  astronomer  in  the  ob- 
.«!ervatory  of  the  university  of  ]\fichigan. 
He  was  the  author  of  A  Popular  Treatise 
on  Comets ;  A  Complete  I>igest  of  the  Re- 
sults and  Methods  of  All  Great  Writers  on 
Theoretical  Astronomy,  and  other  works.  He 
died  Nov.  23,  1880,  in  Madison,  Wis. 

Watson,  James  E.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  2,  1864.  in  Winchester,  Ind. 
In  1881  he  graduated  from  the  high  school 
of  Winchester,  Ind. ;  and  in  1881-85  was  a 
student  at  De  Panw  university.  He  is  a 
noted  lawyer  of  Rushville,  Ind.  He  was 
president  of  the  state  epworth  league  of  the 
method ist  episcopal  church  in  1892-93,  and 
was  grand  chancellor  of  the  Knights  of 
Pythias.  In  1895-97  and  1899-1909  he  was 
a  representative  from  Indiana  to  the  ^ifty- 
fourth.  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh,  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Watson,  James  Madison,  lawyer,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1827,  in 
Onondaga  county.  N.Y.  He  is  an  educator 
/of  Elizabeth,  N.J.  He  is  the  author  of 
Handbook  of  (xymnastics ;  .Manual  of  Cal- 
isthenics; and  the  National  Series  of  Read- 
ers.     He   died    in   1900   in    Elizabeth.   N.J. 

Watson,  James  Muir,  naval  officer,  was 
born  July  15.  1808.  in  Virginia.  He  served 
during  the  Mexican  war.  He  was  commis- 
sioned a  commander  on  the  reserved  list  in 
1861 ;  and  was  promoted  to  commodore  on 
the  retired  list  in  1862.  He  died  April  17, 
1873,   in  Yallejo,  Cal. 

Watson,  James  V.,  clergyman,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  in  1814,  in  London,  Eng- 
land. He  was  editor  of  the  iMichigan  Chris- 
tian Advocate  and  nf  the  Northwestern 
Christian  Advocate  of  Chicago  in  1852-56. 
He  was  the  author  of  Heli)s  to  the  Promo- 
tion of  Revivals:  and  Tales  and  Takings. 
Sketches  and  Incidents  from  the  Itinerant 
r,nd  Editorial  Budget  of  the  Rev.  J.  V.  Wat- 
fon.     He  died  Oct.  17.  1856.  ]n  Chicago.  111. 

Watson,  John,  physician,  surgeon,  author, 
was   born    April    16,'  1807.    in    Ireland.      He 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


617 


was  instrumental  iu  organizing  the  New 
York  medical  and  surgical  society ;  and  the 
Amei-ican  medical  association  ;  and  the  New 
york  academj'  of  medicine,  of  which  latter 
institution  he  was  president  in  1859-GO.  He 
was  the  author  of  numerous  reports,  essays, 
and  reviews  in  professional  journals.  Ho 
died  June  .3,  1863.  in  New  York  City. 

Watson,  John  Broadus,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  9,  1878,  in  Greenville,  S.C. 
Since  1904  he  has  been  instructor  of  psy- 
chology and  comparative  neurology  at  the 
university  of  Chicago,  111.  He  is  the  author 
of  Animal   Education. 

Watson,  John  Crittenden,  naval  officer, 
was  l)orn  Aug.  24,  1842,  in  Frankfort,  Ky. 
In  1886  he  became  a  lieutenant-commander. 
In  the  war  with  Spain  he  commanded  the 
blockading  squadron  on  the  North  Cuban 
coast  as  a  couimodore.  He  was  subsequent- 
ly i>romotcd   to  tjip  rank  of  r#ar  admiral. 

Watson,  John  Fanning,  bookseller,  bank- 
er, author,  was  bom  in  17S0  in  Now  Jersey. 
He  was  a  bookseller  of  Pliiladelphia ;  and 
subsequently  a  banker.  He  was  the  author 
of  Historic  Tales;  and  Annals  of  Phila- 
delphia. He  died  in  1860  in  Philadel- 
pliiii.    I'a. 

Watson,  John  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
i»orn  May  12,  1851,  in  Jamaica,  Vt.  In 
1892-94  he  was  a  member  of  the  Vermont 
state  senate.  Since  1899  he  has  been  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
Vermont. 

Watson,  John  Whittaker,  journalist,  au- 
thor, ]ioct,  was  born  Oct.  14,  1824,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  a  journalist  of  New 
York  City.  He  was  the  author  of  Beauti- 
ful Snow  and  Other  Poems  :  and  The  Otu- 
oast  and  Other  Poems.  He  died  July  18, 
1890.   ill    v.'w  York  City. 

Watson,  Lewis  F.,  merchant,  banker,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  14,  1819,  in  Craw- 
ford county.  Pa.  He  was  elected  president 
of  the  Warren  savings  batik  in  1870.  In 
1877-79.  1881-83  and  1889-91  lie  was  a  rep- 
roxr"'tativi'  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  forty- 
fifth,  forty-stventli  Jind  fifty-first  congresses. 
II<>  i]\o(\  \u-.  2.^,  1890.  'n  Washincrtoti.  D.C. 
Watson,  Stephen  Marion,  educator,  li- 
brarian, poet,  was  born  Jan.  22.  1836,  in 
Sa<o.  Maine.  He  was  elected  superintend- 
ent and  librarian  at 
the  York  institute  of 
Saco,  Maine,  which 
position  lie  resigned  to 
accepl  p.  similar  one 
in  the  jiublic  library 
of  I'ortland.  v.'hero  ho 
roiuainod  for  nearly 
twenty  years.  He  is 
the  editor  and  pub- 
lisher of  The  Maine 
Historical  a  n  d  Ge- 
no.ijo^icnl  Recorder. 
His  poems  have  ap- 
jie.ired  in  the  leading  iiublications  of  New 
Enirland  ;  and  in  a  number  of  standard  col- 
lections of  poetry. 


Watson,  Paul  Barron,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  ^[arch  25,  1861,  in  Morristown,  N.J. 
He  is  a  lawyer  of  Boston.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Marcus  Aurelius  Antonlus ;  Bibliog- 
raphy of  Pre-Columbian  Discoveries  of 
America ;  and  The  Swedish  Revolution  under 
(iustavus    N'asa. 

Watson,  Sereno,  botanist,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  1,  1826,  in  East  Windsor  Hill, 
Conn.  He  was  a  noted  botanist  of  Cam- 
bridge ;  and  curator  of  the  Herbarium  of 
Harvard  university  in  1888-92.  He  was  the 
author  of  Bildiographical  Index  of  North 
American  Botany ;  and  Botany  of  Califor- 
nia. He  dh-d  March  9,  1892,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass. 

Watson,  Thomas  Evans,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, coiigressinaii,  author,  was  born  Sept. 
5.  1856.  in  Columbia  county,  Ga.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Georgia  legislature  in  1882- 
83  :  and  was  democratic  elector  for  the  state 
at  larne  in  1888.  In  1891-93  he  was  repre- 
sentative to  t!ic  fi ft.v-second  congress  as  a 
democrat.  In  1896  lie  was  nominated  popu- 
list vice-president  with  William  J.  Bryan 
as  president.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Story 
of  France,  in  two  volumes ;  Bethany,  a 
v'^'tudy  and  Story  of  the  Old  South;  and 
other   v/orks. 

Watson,  Walter  Allen,  congressman, 
statesman,  jurist,  was  born  Nov.  25,  1867, 
in  Nottoway  county,  Va.  He  has  been  state 
senator ;  and  for  eight  years  was  jud,ge  in 
the  circuit  courts.  In  1913-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  sixty- 
third   congress. 

Watson,  William,  educator,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  19.  1834,  in  Nan- 
tucket. Mass.  He  was  educated  at  the  Cof- 
fin school ;  graduated  from  the  state  nor- 
mal school  at  Bridgewater,  Mass.;  and  in 
1859  graduated  from  the  Lawrence  scien- 
tific school  of  Harvard  university.  In  1865- 
73  he  was  professor  of  mechanical  engi- 
neering in  tlie  Massachusetts  institute  of 
technology.  In,  1893  he  organized  the  Chi- 
cago international  congress  of  water  ways; 
in  1884  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Amer- 
ican academy  of  fine  arts;  and  lias  filled 
numerous  jiositions  of  trust  and  honor.  He 
is  the  author  of  Tr clinical  Education ;  A 
Course  in  Di^scriptive  Geometry;  A  Course 
in    Shades   aiul    Shadows;   and   other  works. 

Watson,  William  Henry,  plivsician.  au- 
thor, was  born  No\-.  8,  1829.  in  Providence, 
R.l.  He  was  examiner  in  diagnosis  and 
liatliolog.\-  ill  the  state  board  of  medical  ex- 
amii'.'ition  in  1872-81  ;  was  T'uited  States 
examiuiiur  iicusion  surgeon  in  1875-81 ;  sur- 
geon-geiieial  of  New  York  state,  w'th  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general  in  1880-83;  and 
since  1882  lias  i)een  regent  of  the  university 
of  the  state  of  New  York.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  ^remnr'nl  .\ddiess  on  T^iited  States 
Senator  Fraiiei's  Keriian. 

Watson,  William  R.,  librarian,  bibliog- 
raplier.  author.  lie  is  lihiar'an  of  the  jiub- 
lic  library  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  He  is 
the  author  of  s(>veral   bibliographical   works. 


618 


HBRRINCrSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Watson,  William  Robinson,  journalist, 
lawyer,  author,  was  born  Dec.  14,  1799,  in 
South  Kingston,  R.I.  In  1856-63  he  was 
state  auditor  of  Rhode  Island.  He  fre- 
quently edited  political  journals;  and  wrote 
for  the  press,  vindicating  and  explaining  the 
doctrines  of  the  whig  party  with  great  vigor. 
He  died  Aug.  29,  1864,  in  Providence.  R.I. 
Watson,  William  Tliarp,  state  senator, 
governor.  In  1884  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Delav/are  house  of  representatives ;  in  1893 
became  a  member  of  the  Delaware  state  sen- 
ate ;  and  in  1894  was  president  of  that  body. 
In  1895-97  he  was  governor  of  the  state  of 
Delaware. 

Watson,  Winslow  Cossoul,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  22,  1803,  in  Albany,  N. 
Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Treatise  on  Prac- 
tical Husbandry  ;  Pioneer  History  of  the 
Champlain  Valley ;  and  History  of  Essex 
county.   New   York. 

Walters,  John,  naval  officer,  was  born  Jan. 
5,  1831.  in  Michigan.  He  was  promoted  to 
commander  in  1867.  He  died  Jan.  22.  1874, 
in   Baltiuiore,   Md. 

Watterson,  George,  lawyer,  librarian,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  23,  1783,  :n  New  York 
City.  He  was  a  Washington  lawyer ;  and 
was  the  first  librarian  of  congress.  He  was 
the  author  of  Letters  from  Washington ; 
The  Wanderer  in  Washington :  Course  of 
Study  Preparatory  to  the  Bar  or  Senate; 
and  The  I^awyer.  or  Man  as  He  Ought  Not 
to  Be.  He  died  Feb.  4,  1854,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Watt,    David    Alexander,     civil     engineer, 
author,    was    born    D(>c.    27,    1865,    iu    Maid- 
stone,  England.     He  has  been  engaged  prin- 
cipally   on    the    design 
and      construction      of 
locks    and    dams    anu 
other     river     improve- 
ments in  the  Ohio  val- 
ley   and    elsewhere    as 
United    Stales    assist- 
ant   engiue;'r;    and    at 
present    is    supervising 
engineer   of    river    im- 
provements    of     the 
New    York    barge    ca- 
nal. In  1905  he  was  a 
si)ecial    delegate    from 
the  state  of  New  York   to   the  international 
congress   of   navigation    at   Milan.      He   is   a 
member  of  the  American  society  of  civil  en- 
gineers; and  a  member  of  the  Society  of  en- 
gineers  of   eastern    New    York.      He   is   part 
author  of  The  Imiirovements  of  Rivers ;  and 
is    a    contributor    to    various    domestic    and 
foreign   jjcriodicals. 

Watterson,  Harvey  McGee,  journalist, 
state  senator,  diiilmnat,  congressman,  was 
born  Nov.  23,  1811,  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn. 
He  was  elected  a  representative  from  his 
native  county  to  the  Tennessee  legislature 
in  1835.  He  resided  in  the  congressional  dis- 
trict of  .Tames  K.  Polk  ;  and  in  1839-43  he 
was  a  rcprc-sentative  to  the  twenty-sixth  and 
twcnl  v-sev(nitli  congresses.     He  was  appoint- 


ed United  States  minister  to  Buenos  Ayres ; 
and  on  his  return  from  this  mission  in  1845 
was  elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Tennes- 
see ;  and  president  of  the  senate.  He  be- 
came connected  with  his  son  in  the  conduct 
of  the  Louisville  Courier-Journal.  He  died 
Oct.   1,   1891,   in   Louisville,   Ky, 

Watterson,  Henry,  soldier,  journalist,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  Feb.  16,  1840, 
in  Washington,  D.C.  He  served  in  the  con- 
federate army.  In  1867  he  removed  to 
Louisville,  Ky. :  and  became  part  owner 
and  the  editor  of  the  Louisville  Journal, 
which  was  consolidated  with  other  papers 
in  18C8,  under  the  title  of  the  Courier-Jour- 
nal, of  which  he  became  the  editor.  In 
1875-77  he  was  a  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  forty-fourth  congress,  ■  to  fill 
a  vacancy  as  a  democrat.  He  is  the  author 
of  Oddities  of  Southern  Life  and  Charac- 
ter ;  History  of  the  Spanish-American  War ; 
and  The  Compromises  of  Life,  Lectures  and 
Addresses. 

Watterson,  John  Ambrose,  educator,  bish- 
op, was  born  May  27,  1844.  in  Blairsville, 
Pa.  He  was  appointed  professor  in  Mount 
St.  Mary's;  and  in  1877  he  was  made  presi- 
dent. In  1880  he  was  consecrated  Roman 
catholic  bishop  of  Columbus.  In  1884  he 
founded  a  college  in  Columbus.  Ho  died 
April  17^  1899.   in  Columbus,   Ohio. 

Wattles,  Gurdon  Wallace,  banker,  finan- 
cier, was  born  May  12,  1855,  in  Tioga  coun- 
ty, N.Y.  In  1881  he  organized  the  First 
national  bank  of  Carroll,  Iowa ;  and  in 
1886-91  was  president  of  that  institution.  In 
1896  he  was  president  of  the  Trans-Missis- 
sippi and  international  exposition  of  Omaha, 
Neb.  In  1900  he  was  elected  president  of 
the  Omaha,  Council  Bluffs  and  suburban 
street  railroad  company. 

Watts,  Frederick,  soldier,  was  born  June 
1,  1719,  in  Wales.  He  served  in  the  revolu- 
tionary war.  He  was  commissioned  justice 
of  peace  in  1778 ;  chosen  representative  to 
the  Pennsylvania  state  assembly  in  1779 ; 
and  api)ointed  a  sub-lieutenant,  of  Cumber- 
land county  in  1780.  He  was  commissioned 
brigadier-general  of  the  Pennsylvania  mili- 
tia in  1782,  in  which  capacity  he  did  excel- 
lent service  in  protecting  the  frontier  coun- 
iies  of  that  state  from  the  wild  savages  and 
maraudiug  tories.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  supreme  executive  council  in  1787-90. 
He  died  Oct.  2,  1795,  in  Cumberland  coun- 
tv.  Pa. 

Watts,  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist,  Avas  born 
:\ray  9,  1801,  in  Carlisle,  Pa.  In  1849  he 
was  appointed  president  judge  of  the  ninth 
district  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1854  he  was 
one  of  the  projectors  of  the  Agricultural 
college  of  Pennsylvania :  and  chosen  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  trustees.  He  took  an 
interest  in  al!  the  local  enterprises  of  Car- 
lisle. In  1871  he  was  appointed  commis- 
sioner of  agriculture  in  Washington.  lie 
diiMl   in  Pennsyhauia. 

Watts,  Henry  Miller,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator,  diplouiat,   was   bom   Oct.  10,   1805,   in 


HERRING^HAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


619 


Cailislo.  I'd.  He  practiced  law  in  Pitts- 
buruii,  I'a. :  was  appointed  deputy  attorney- 
geueral ;  and  was  a  representative  in  tlie 
state  lejjislature  in  1835-38.  He  then  set- 
tled in  Philadolpliia ;  and  was  appointed 
United  Stales  attorney  for  tlie  district  of 
Philadelphia  ;  and  in  1868  was  appointed 
envoy  extrnordinf.ry  and  minister  plenipo- 
tentiary to  Austria,  lie  died  Nov.  29,  1890, 
in  Philad.-lpliia.  Pa. 

Watts,  John,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  Aug.  27,  1749.  in  New  York  City.  In 
the  military  service  of  the  state  of  New 
York  he  rose  to  the  rank  of  brisadier-gen- 
cral.  In  1793-95  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  third  congress.  He  died  Sept.  3,  1836, 
in    New    York    City. 

Watts,  John  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Jan. 
19,  1816,  in  Boone  county,  Ky.  He  served 
in  the  legislature  of  Indiana ;  was  twice 
elected  a  prosecuting  attorney ;  and  in  1851 
was  a])pointed  an  associate  justice  in  New 
Mexico.  In  1861-63  he  wr.s  a  territorial 
delegate  from  New  Mexico  to  the  thirty- 
seventh  congress.  He  took  an  active  part 
in  raising  troops  for  the  union  army  during 
the  civil  war;  and  in  1868  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
territory  of  New  Mexico. 

Watts,  John  Walter,  farmer,  lejrislator, 
was  born  .\'o\'.  8,  1862.  in  Alexander  county, 
N.C.  He  has  been  a' justice  of  the  pe-ice  of 
Taylorsville,  N.C. :  was  county  sheiiff  for 
six  years ;  and  in  1887  was  a  member  of  the 
North    Camlina    state  leiiislatnre. 

Watts,  Robert,  educator,  physician,  was 
lorn  in  1812.  in  Fordham,  N.Y.  In  1839-67 
he  was  professor  of  anatomy  in  the  college 
of  i)bysicians  and  surgeons  of  New  Y'ork 
City:  and  from  1859  ho  was  one  of  the  at- 
tending physicians  of  the  nurs(>ry  and  child's 
bosi)ital.  He  died  Sej^t.  8.  1867,  in  Paris. 
France. 

Watts,  Thomas  Hill,  lawyer,  legislator, 
governor,  was  born  .Ian.  3,  1819,  in  Butler 
comity.  Ala.  In  1842-45  ho  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature.  He  removed  to  Montgom- 
ery county  in  1847:  and  was  in  1849  .=;ent 
to  t!ie  leirislature  from  that  district.  He  was 
allori'ey-general  of  the  confederate  states. 
He  was  the  sixteenth  go\ernor  of  Alabama 
in  1863-65.  He  died  Sept.  16,  1892,  in  Mont- 
gomery.   .Ma. 

Wauchope,  Gc;orge  Armstrong,  educator, 
author,  was  born  May  26.  1862.  at  Natural 
•Bridu'e.  Vii.  In  1895-97  he  was  professor  of 
Fnglish  at  the  university  of  Iowa:  and  has 
i)een  assistant  literary  editor  of  the  Balti- 
more Sun.  He  is  the  antlior  o*"  'Plic>  Writers 
of   South    r'arolina. 

Wauchope,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  horn 
March  10.  17.S:!.  in  Lexin".;ton.  Va.  He  was 
a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812;  in  which  he 
was  also  jiaymaster.  He  was  electe<l  com- 
nn'ssioner  of  revenue ;  was  high  sheriff  of 
Iii^-  county:   and   died    in   1854. 

Waugh,  Beverly,  clergyman.  bisho|i,  was 
born   Oct.  28.   1789,   in  Fairfax   county,   Va. 


In  1808  lie  entered  t!ie  ministry  ;  and  at  the 
end  of  three  years  he  was  stationed  in  the 
city  of  Washington.  He  w'as  elected  by  • 
the  Baltimore  conferences  to  the  general  con- 
ferences of  1816  and  1820.  In  1852  he  be- 
came senior  bishop  of  the  church.  He  died 
Feb.  9,  1858,  in  Baltimore,  jMd. 

Waugh,  Dan,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  7,  1842,  in  Indiana, 
lie  served  three  years  as  private  in  com- 
pany A,  thirly-foui th  Indiana  volunteer  in- 
fantry. He  was  elected  to  the  oflice  of 
judge  of  the  thirty-sixth  judicial  circuit  for 
six  years.  In  1S91-95  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Indiana  to  the  fifty-second  an<l 
fifty-third  congresses. 

Waugh,  Frank  Albert,  educator,  horticul- 
turist, author,  was  born  .July  8,  1869.  in 
Sheboygan  Falls.  Wis.  He  is  professor  of 
b.orticulture  and  landscajie  gardening  at  the 
[Massachusetts  agricultural  college.  He  is 
the  author  of  Landscape  Gardening ;  PJuras 
and  Culture:  Fruit  Marketing;  Systematic 
Pomology  ;   raid  Dwarf  P'ruit  Trees. 

Waugh,  Frederick  Judd,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Sej/t.  13,  1861,  in  Bonlentown.  N. 
J.  He  has  been  successful  as  a  landscape 
and  marine  painter;  and  in  painting  por- 
traits ;uid  allegorical  figures. 

Waugh,  George  Brevitt,  painter,  artist, 
was  horn  Oct.  29.  1S54,  in  Baltimore.  Md. 
.\mong  his  works  are  Sunset ;  Twilight  on 
the  Susquehanna  :  Village  Scene  in  Browns- 
ville:   and   On   the   ITpper  Potomac. 

Waugh,  Ida,  portrait  painter,  was  born  in 
Philadelphia.  Pa.  Her  principal  painting 
is  Ilagar  and  Ishmael.  In  1896  she  received 
the  three  hundred  dollar  prize  awarded  for 
the  best  jjicture  painted  by  an  American 
woman  at  the  New  York  academy  of  design. 

Waugh,  John,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
was  born  March  21,  1814,  in  England.  He 
was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of  Cohocton, 
N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  Messiah's  Mis- 
sion.    He  died    in   Cohocton,   N.Y. 

Waugh,  Samuel  Bell,  painter,  artist,  was 
iiorn  in  1814,  in  New  Wilmington,  Pa.  For 
about  f(U'ty  years  he  was  the  leading  j'.or- 
trait  jiainfer  in  Philadelphia  ;  and  was  pres- 
ident of  the  .\itists'  fund  society  for  man.v 
years.  He  i)ainted  a  number  of  portraits 
from  lif(>  of  distinguished  personages  in 
.\merica  and  abroad.  He  died  Sept.  18. 
1885.   in   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Waughop,  Philip  Rexford,  ])hysician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  l'\'b.  1.  1868,  in  Blue  Island. 
III.  He  received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and 
M.I),  from  Harvard  university.  In  1900-03 
be  was  Il.awaiian  g<i\-ernment  physician  .and 
health  ofliciM' ;  nnd  now  i)ractices  his  profes- 
sion in  Seattle.  He  is  coi\tribntor  to  med- 
ical journals  on  leprosy  and  other  skin  dis- 
eases 

Waul,  Thomas  Neville,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1815, 
in  Sumter  district,  S.C.  He  was  elected 
a  represent!iti\e  from  Texas  to  the  first  con- 
f(>(lcrate  congress.     He   was  a  brigadier-gen- 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


eral    in   the  confederate   army.     He  died   in 
1903  in  Texas. 

'  Way,  Andrew  John  Henry,  painter,  art- 
ist, was  born  Api'il  27,  1826,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  At  tlie  Philadelphia  exhibition  ol: 
1876  he  received  a  medal  for  two  panels. 
His  numerons  paintings  include  A  Christ- 
mas Memory ;  Prince  Albert  Grapes ;  Flora 
and  Pomona ;  Wild  Fowl ;  A  Sportsman's 
Luck  ;  To  iNIy  Sweetheart ;  and  Preparation 
for  Apple  Toddy.  He  died  Feb.  7,  18S8,  in 
Baltimore,  Md. 

Way,  George  Brevitt,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Oct.  29,  18.54,  in  Baltimore,  INId. 
Among  his  paintinss  are  Sunset;  Twilight 
on  the  Susquehanna  ;  Village  Scene  in 
Brownsville;  and  On  the  Upper  Potomac. 
He  died  in  1908. 

Wayland,  Charles  A.,  educator,  physician, 
surgeon,  was  born  April  8,  1866,  in  Monte- 
rey, Cal.  He  taught  school  for  three  years. 
In  1891  he  began  to  practice  medicine  in 
San  Jose,  Cal. ;  and  in  1893  he  was  elected 
physician  and  surgeon  of  the  county  hos- 
pital  of   Santa   Clara   county,    Cal. 

Wayland,    Francis,      clergyman,      college 
president,  authoi'.  was  born  March  11,  1796, 
in  New  York  City.     He  was  a  baptist  cler- 
gyman ;   eminent   as   a 
metaphysician;      and 
^^  _^  was    president    of 

Y  '^        Brown     university     in 

1827-55.  He  was  an 
instructor  of  remark- 
able power.  He  was 
the  author  of  Ele- 
ments of  Moral  Sci- 
ence ;  Intellectual 
Philosophy ;  Human 
Responsibility ;  Ele- 
m  e  n  t  s  of  Political 
Economy ;  Occasional 
Discourses :  Moral  Law  of  Accumulation ; 
Domestic  Slavery  Considered  as  a  Scriptural 
Institution  ;  Sermons  to  the  Churches ; 
Principles  and  Practice  of  Baptist 
and  Letters  on  the  Ministry  of 
Me  died  Sept.  30,  1865,  in 
B.I. 

Wayland,  Francis,  educator,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist. lieutonant-gDvernor.  author,  was  born 
Aug.  23,  1826,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1864  he 
was  elected  .iudge  of  probate  for  New  Ha- 
ven ;  and  in  1869  he  was  elected  lieuten- 
ant-gov(M'nor  of  Connecticut.  In  1872  he 
was  appointed  to  a  professorship  in  the  law 
school  of  Yale;  and  in  the  next  year  he  was 
made  dean  of  that  school.  He  published 
papers  on  Tramps;  and  Out-Door  Belief, 
lii-('l)ared  for  the  Aniericnn  society  science 
association.  lie  died  Jan.  9,  1904.  in  New 
Ha\en.  Conn. 

Wayland,  Heman  Lincoln,  clergyman, 
jouinalisl.  author,  was  hern  April  23,  1830. 
in  Providence,  B.I.  He  was  a  baptist  cler- 
gyman ;  editor  of  the  National  Baptist  at 
Philadelphia  in  1872-94;  and  editor  of  the 
Examiner  in  1894-98.  He  is  the  author  of 
Life  and  Labors  of  F.  Wayland  ;  and  Faith 


Churches  ; 
the    Gospel 
Providence'. 


and  Works   of  Charles   Spurgeon.     He   died 
Nov.   7.   1898,   in   Wernersville,   Pa. 

Wayman,  Alexander  Washington,  clergy- 
man, bishop,  author,  was  born  in  1821.  He 
was  an  African  methodist  bishop.  He  was 
the  author  of  ]My  Recollections ;  Cyclope- 
dia of  Africa)!  Methodism  :  and  Wayman  on 
Discipline.  He  died  Nov.  30,  1895,  in  Bal- 
timore,  Md. 

Wayne,  Anthony,  soldier,  statesman,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  1,  1745,  in  East 
Town,  Chester  county,  Pa.     In  1773  he  was 

elected  a  represeiita- 
tive  in  the  Penn.syl- 
\ania  general  assem- 
bly. In  1775  he  en- 
tered the  army  as 
colonel  ;  and  at  the 
close  of  th(!  campaign 
was  made  a  brigadier- 
general.  In  1781  he 
led  the  Pennsylvania 
line  to  form  a  junc- 
tion with  Lafayette 
in  Virginia ;  and  en- 
gaged in  the  capture  of 
Cornwallis.  He  conducted  the  war  in  Geor- 
gia with  equal  success ;  and  received  from 
the  legislature  of  that  state,  as  a  reward  for 
his  services,  a  valuable  farm,  upon  which 
he  retired  after  the  war.  In  1787  he  was  a 
member  of  the  convention  for  framing  the 
constitution.  In  1791-93  ho  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  second  congress.  Yli  conclud- 
ed a  treaty,  Aug.  3,  1795.  with  the  hostile 
tribes  northwest  of  the  Ohio ;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  major-general.  He  was  the 
sixth  commander  of  the  United  States  army. 
He  was  called  Mad  Anthony.  11'.^  died  in 
December.   1796.   in   Erie.   Pa. 

Wayne,  Charles  Stokes,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  March  18.  1858,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  has  been  managing  editor  of  Town 
Topics  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Mrs.  Lord's  Moonstone ;  Anthony 
Kent;  The  Lady  and  Her  Tree;  A  Witch 
of  To-Day ;  a  Prince  to  Order ;  and  The 
IMarriage  of  Mrs.  Merlin. 

Wayne,  Henry  Constantine,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  8,  1815,  in  Savannah,  Ga.  He 
was  on  quartermasier  duty  during  the  war 
with  Mexico  in  1846-47.  In  1860  he  became 
adjutant-  and  inspector-general  of  the  state 
of  Georgia  under  the  confederacy.  He  re- 
ceived in  1858  a  lirst-class  gold  medal  from 
the  Societe  itnperiale  zoologique  d'acclimata- 
tion  of  I'aris,  for  the  successful  introduction 
and  acclimation  of  the  camel  in  the  Cnited 
States.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Sword 
Exercise:  Arranged  for  Military  Instruction. 
He  died  Marcli'l5,  1883,  in  Savannah,  Ga. 
Wayne,  Isaac,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1770  in  Warren  county.  Pa.  In  1823-25  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  eighteenth  congress.  He  died  Oct.  25, 
1852.  in  Chester  eonnty.  Pa. 

Wayne,  James  Moore,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1790 
in    Savannah,   Ga.     He   was  elected   a   mem- 


HERRIXGSHA^VS  T.IBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


621 


ber  of  the  general  assembly  as  au  opponent 
of  the  relief  law ;  and  was  re-elected  the 
following  year.  He  was  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Savannah ;  and  on  his  resignation  of  that 
office  was  chosen  judge  of  the  superior  court. 
In  1829-35  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
twenty-tirst,  twenty-second  and  tweuty-third 
congresses.  In  1835-67  he  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United 
States.  lie  died  July  5.  1867.  in  Wasiiing- 
ton.  D.C. 

Wayne,  William,  soldier,  legislator,  was 
born  Dec.  6..  1828.  During  the  civil  war 
he  held  the  rank  of  captain  in  the  i:ine<y- 
seventh  regiment  Pennsylvania  volunteers. 
In  1881-87  he  was  a  member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania state  legislature. 

Wead,  Charles  ii.asson,  electrician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  1,  1848,  in  Malone,  N. 
Y.  He  was  the  professor  of  physics  in  the 
university  of  ^Michigan  In  1877-85 ;  and  is 
examiner  of  the  United  States  patent  office. 
He  is  the  author  of  Aims  and  Methods  of 
the  Teaching  of  Physics  ;  Lecture  Notes  on 
Sound  and  Light ;  and  Bulletin  of  the  Unit- 
ed StMti's  Kiuean   of  Education. 

Weadock,  Thomas  A.  E.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  .Ian.  1.  1850,  in  Ireland.  In 
1877  he  was  appointed   prosecuting  attorney 

of  Bay  county,  and 
served  till  1878.  He 
was  mayor  of  Bay 
City  from  1883  to 
1885  ;  and  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of 
education  of  Bay  C'ty 
for  a  short  time.  In 
1891-95  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fif- 
ty-second and  fifty- 
third  congresses  as  a 
democrat.  He  now 
practices  law  in  De- 
troit, Mich.;  and  also  is  nssociated  with  his 
brother.  John  C.  Weadock,  in  the  law  of- 
fice nt   B:iy  Cily,   Mich. 

Weakley,  Robert,  diplomat,  congressman, 
was  born  July  20,  1764,  in  Halifax  county, 
Va.  In  1809-11  he  was  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  to  the  eleventh  congress.  In 
1819  he  was  appointed  TTnited  States  com- 
niissiouer  to  treat  with  the  Chicknsaws.  He 
died   Feb.  4.   1845,   in   Nos-hville.  Tenn. 

Wear,  Robert  Duke,  lawyer,  poet,  was 
born  Feb.  26.  1854,  in  Verona.  Miss.  He  is 
a  successful  lawyer  of  Granbnry,  Tex.  He 
is  the  author  of  a  volume  entitled  IfCauty, 
and    Other    Poems. 

Weare,  Meshech,  lawyer,  juriijt,  state  leg- 
ishUur.  ciin^in'ssDian.  governor,  was  born 
June  16,  1713,  in  Hampton,  N.II.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Xtw  Hampshire  leorislature 
for  several  years,  serving  as  speaker  in  1752. 
In  1754  he  was  a  commissioner  to  the  colo- 
nial congrf'ss  at  Albany.  He  was  afterward 
a  justice  of  the  supreme  court;  and  in  1777 
became  chief  justice.  In  1776-88  h?  was 
republican  governor  of  New  Hampshire.  He 
died  Jan.  15,  1786.  in  Hampton  Falls,   N.II. 


Weare,  Portus  Baxter,  merchant,  founder, 
was  born  Jan.  1..  1842,  in  Otsego,  Mijh.  In 
1862  he  became  engaged  in  the  grain  and 
commission  business  in  Chicago,  111. ;  and 
later  was  engaged  in  cattle  raising.  He 
founded  Morton  Park,  a  suburb  of  Chi- 
cago. 111. 

Weathersby,  Eliza,  actress,  was  born  in 
1849  in  England.  She  has  attained  a  na- 
tional reputation  throughout  America  as  a 
noted  actress.  She  died  March  24,  1887, 
in  Xev,-  York  City. 

Weaver,  Aaron  Ward,  naval  officer,  was 
born  July  1.  1832.  in  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia.    In  1848  he  was  appointed  midshipman 

from  Ohio;  and  in 
1854  graduated.  He 
served  through  the 
various  grades  of  lieu- 
tenant,  commander, 
captain  and  commo- 
dore. In  1893  he  was 
promoted  to  the  rank 
of  rear  admiral  and 
retired.  He  served 
throughout  the  civil 
war;  and  took  part  in 
many  naval  bombard- 
ments. In  1866  he 
was  advanced  one  grade  for  faithful  and 
efficient  service  and  conspicuous  conduct  in 
battle.  In  1867-70  he  was  on  recruiting  and 
special  duty  in  Washington,  D.C. ;  in  1870- 
71  commanded  the  Terror  and  Severn ;  in 
1872-73  served  in  the  navy  yard  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C. ;  was  in  charge  of  the  nitre 
depot  at  Maiden,  Ma.'^s. ;  in  1885-89  was  a 
member  of  the  naval  examining  and  retir- 
ing boards ;  and  in  1893  was  president  of 
that  board. 

Weaver,  Archibald  J.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  I)orn  Ajiril  15,  1844,  in  Sus- 
quehanna county.  Pa.  He  was  a  noted  law- 
yer of  Falls  City,  Neb.  In  1872  he  was 
elected  district  attorney  of  the  first  judicial 
district.  He  was  judge  of  the  first  ju.dicial 
district  in  1875-86.  In  1883-87  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Nebraska  to  the  forty- 
eigiith  and  forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He  died  April  18,  1887  in  Ne- 
braska. 

Weaver,  Claude,  congressman,  was  born 
.March  19,  1867,  in  Gainesville,  Texas  He 
is  one  of  the  authors  of  the  Oklahoma  City 
Traveler.  lu  1913-15  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Oklaiioma  to  the  sixty-third  con- 
gress. 

Weaver,  Erasmus  Morgan,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  .May  23.  ]854,  in  Lafayette,  Ind. 
In  1875  he  was  commissioned  second  lieu- 
ti'uant  in  tlie  T'nited  States  artillery;  and 
in  1899  was  mustered  out  of  volunteer  serv- 
ice with  the  rank  of  major.  In  1900-03  he 
was  instructor  in  the  deiiartment  of  the 
United  States  artillery.  He  is  the  author 
of    Notes   (111    .MiJilJiry   IOxplosi\es. 

Weaver,  George  Sumner,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, w.'is  luirn  I  >ec.  24.  1818,  in  Rocking- 
ham.    \{.      He    is   a    iiiiiversalist   clergyman. 


622 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He  is  the  author  of  Lectures  ou  Mental  Sci- 
ence ;  Hopes  and  Helps  for  the  Young ; 
Aims  and  Aids  for  Girls ;  The  Ways  of 
Life ;  The  Christian  Household ;  The  Open 
Way ;  Moses  and  Modern  Science ;  The 
Heart  of  the  Word  ;  and  Lives  and  Graves 
of  Our  Presidents.     He  died  in   Yennont. 

Weaver,  James  Riley,  soldier,  educator, 
diplomat,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1839,  in  Youngs- 
town,  Pa.  He  received  a  thorough  educa- 
tion in  the  normal  school  academy,  and  Al- 
leglieny  college,  from  which  latter  institu- 
tion he  received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  A. 
M. ;  and  in  1866  was  given  the  degree  of 
S.T.F>.  by  the  Garrett  biblical  institute  of 
Evanston,  111.  JJuiing  the  civil  war  he 
served  in  the  union  army  as  lieutenant  in 
company  C,  eighteenth  regiment  Pennsylva- 
nia cavalry  ;  was  made  a  prisoner  of  war  ;  was 
confined  in  Libby  prison  and  other  prisons 
for  nearly  two  years ;  and  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers.  In  1869- 
70  he  was  consul  in  Italy  ;  in  1870-79  con- 
sul at  Antwerp.  Belgium ;  and  consul-gen- 
eral at  Vienna,  Austria,  during  1879-85.  Ho 
was   professor  of   mathematics   and   military 


science    ouring 


1866-69  in  the  West  Vir- 
ginia university;  and  since  1885  has  been  in 
succession  professor  of  modern  languages, 
history  and  jjolitical  philosophy,  and  political 
science  in  the  De  Pauw  university  of  Green- 
castle,  Ind.  He  has  written  and  lectured 
extensively  on  economic,  political  and  social 
subjects.  He  is  the  author  of  Syllabuses 
on  Constitutional  History ;  Economics  and 
Banking;  International  Law;  Sociology  and 
Its  Applications ;  Socialism  and  Social  Re- 
form ;  and  other  works.  He  resides  in 
CJrt'cncastle.    Ind. 

Weaver,  James  B.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  12,  1833,  in  Day- 
ton,   Ohio.      He   entered   the   union   army    in 

1861  as  a  private ; 
and  rose  to  the  rank 
of  colonel  and  brevet 
hrigadier-generai.  Ho 
was  elected  district 
attorney  of  the  sec- 
ond judicial  district 
of  Iowa  in  1866  ;  and 
\\as  appointed  asses- 
Si  K:  SOV 

nue 
81 
was 
from 


of    internal    reve- 

in  1867.    In  1879- 

and     1885-87     he 

a     representative 

Iowa      to      clie 


forty-sixth  and  forty-ninih  congresses.  In 
1890  he  was  the  candidate  of  the  national 
l)arty  for  the  presidency  of  the  United 
States.  In  1904-06  he  was  mayor  of  Col- 
fax.   Iowa. 

Weaver,  Jonathan,  clergyman,  bishop, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  23,  1824,  in  Carroll 
county,  Ohio.  He  is  a  clergyman  of  Ohio; 
and  bishop  emeritus  of  the  church  of  the 
United  Brethren  since  1893.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Discourses  on  the  llesurrectiou ; 
Ministerial  Salary ;  Divine  Providence ; 
Universal  Restoration  not  Sustained  by  the 


Word  of  God  ;  and  Comment  on  the  United 
Brethren   Confession   of  Failh.     He  died  in 

1901  in    Dayton.    Ohio. 

Weaver,  Rufus  B.,  physician,  educator, 
was  born  Jan.  10.  1841,  in  Gett\-sburg,  Pa. 
He  is  lecturer  on  surgical  anatomy ;  and 
professor  of  applied  anatomy  in  Hahnemann 
medical    college    of    Philadelphia. 

Weaver,  Silas  Matteson,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Dec.  18,  1845.  in  Chautauqua  coun- 
ty, N.Y.  In  1874-76  he  was  mayor  of  Iowa 
Falls,  Iowa  ;  and  in  1884-88  was  a  member 
of  the  Iowa  house  of  representatives.    Since 

1902  he  has  been  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Iowa. 

Weaver,  Walter  L.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  April  1,  1851,  in  Montgomery 
county,  Ohio.  He  was  prosecuting  attor- 
ney for  Clarke  county,  Ohio,  in  1874,  1880, 
1882  and  1885.  In  1897-1901  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fifty-fifth  and  fifty-sixth 
congresses  as  a  republican. 

Weaver,  William  Augustus,  naval  officer, 
was  born  in  1797  in  Dumfries,  Va.  He  was 
promoted  to  lieutenant  after  the  war  of 
1812.  He  was  secretary  of  the  commission 
to  adjust  the  claims  of  the  Spanish  citizens ; 
was  commissioner  to  Mexico  in  1834 ;  and 
superintendent  of  the  census  of  184C.  He 
died  in  1846  in  Dumfries,  Va. 

Webb,  Albert  Hie,  soldier,  business  man, 
jurist,  was  born  Sept.  3,  1842,  in  Giles  coun- 
ty, Tenn.  He  was  educated  in  the  local 
schools  of  Tennessee.  At  the  age  of  eighteen 
years  he  went  into  the  confederate  array 
during  the  civil  war;  and  participated  in 
numerous  battles  and  skirmishes.  For 
many  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  land 
and  stock  business  in  Texas;  in  1894-96  he 
was  sheriff  of  Dallas  county,  Texas.  He 
is  now  county  judge  for  Gaines  county. 
Texas. 

Webb,  Alexander  Stewart,  soldier,  col- 
lege president,  anther,  was  born  Feb.  15, 
1835,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  president 
of  the  College  of  the  city  of  New  York.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  was  a  general  in  the 
federal  army;  and  in  1869  was  brevetted 
major-general  in  the  volunteer  and  regular 
army.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Penin- 
sula'; McClellan"s  Campaign  of  1862.  He 
died  Feb.  12.  1911,  in  New  York  City. 

Webb,  Charles,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
was  born  Feb.  13,  1724,  in  Stamford,  Conn. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Connecticut  legis- 
lature in  1758,  and  was  elected  twenty- 
three  times.  He  died  after  1794  in  Connec- 
ticut. 

Webb,  Charles  Henry,  journalist,  inven- 
tor, author,  was  born  Jan.  24,  1834.  in 
Piouse  Point,  N.Y.  In  1864  he  founded  the 
Californian ;  and  produced  several  plays  at 
local  theaters.  He  invented  an  adding  ma- 
chine. He  was  the  author  of  John  Paul's 
Book :  My  Vacation ;  Parodies,  and  Prose 
and  Verse.  He  died  May  5,  1905.  in  Nan- 
tucket.   iSfass. 

Webb,  Charles  M.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist. 
He  served   in   company  G,   twelfth   regiment 


HERRINGSHAWS   I.IBRARV   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


623 


Wisconsin  volunteers  in  the  civil  war.  He 
was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  at  Grand 
Rapids  until  elected  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Wisiconsin. 

Webb,  Edwin  Bonaparte,  clergyman,  was 
bom  Jan.  19.  1S20  in  New  Castle,  Maine. 
In  1850  he  was  ordained  to  the  congrv^ga- 
lional  ministry  and  installed  at  Augusta, 
Maine.  In  1860-85  he  filled  a  pastorate  in 
the  Shawniut  church  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
filled  pastorates  for  short  periods  to 
churches  in  various  places,  including  Wor- 
cester and  Lowell,  Mass. :  and  St.  Louis  and 
San  Francisco.  He  died  May  30.  1901,  in 
Iti)xl)nry.    Mass. 

Webb,  Edwin  Yates,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  was  torn  May  23,  1872, 
in  Shelby,  N.G.  He  is  a  successful  lav.yer 
of  Shelby,  N.C. ;  and  in  1900-02  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  North  Carolina  state  senate.  In 
1903-15  he  was  democratic  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fif- 
ty-ninth, feixtieth.  sixty-first,  sixty-second 
and  sixty-third  cfingresses. 

Webb,  Mrs.  Frances  Isabel,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1857  in  New  Jersey.  She 
was  the  author  of  A  TifT  with  the  Tiffins ; 
Gala  Day  Books;  and  A  Breath  of  Suspi- 
cion. She  died  in  1895  in  New  York  City. 
Webb,  Frank  Rush,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  Oct.  8,  1851,  in  Covington.  Iml. 
He     received     a     thorough     education ;     and 

studied  music  under 
some  of  the  best  mas- 
ters. Since  1883  he 
has  been  a  teacher  of 
pianoforte  and  direct- 
or of  the  school  of 
music  in  the  Virginia 
female  institute  of 
Staunton,  Va. ;  and 
organist  and  musical 
director  at  the  Trin- 
ity episcopal  church. 
He  is  the  author  of 
two  hundred  pieces 
f(ir  the  niil'lary  band. 

Webb,  George  James,  musician,  composer, 
wa.-5  born  June  24,  1803,  in  Enirland.  He 
was  a  noted  organist.  He  taught  music  in 
New  York  City  in  1876-85;  and  then  retired 
to  Orange,  N.J.  He  edited  the  Music  Li- 
brary ;  and  the  Music  Cabinet.  He  was  the 
author  of  Voice  Culture;  The  Glee  Hive; 
and  Tiie  New  Odcon.  Ho  died  Oct.  7, 
1887.   in   (»i-.iim,\   X.J. 

Webb,  Henry  Livingston,  soldier,  state 
legislator,  was  born  Feb.  C,  1795.  in  Claver- 
nck,  N.Y.  Ho  .settled  in  southern  Illinois 
in  1817;  and  was  repeatedly  a  niendter  of 
botli  houses  of  the  legislature.  He  was  gen- 
eral of  the  Illinois  militia.  He  died  Oct. 
5.  1876.  in  Makanda,  111. 

Webb,  James,  lawy<'r,  jurist,  state  sena- 
tor. autlK.r,  was  born  in  1792  in  Georgia. 
He  was  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Geor- 
gia. He  was  United  States  district  jiidge 
for  the  territory  of  Florida.  He  resigned 
and   moved  to  Texas  in   1839;   and   was  at- 


torney-general of  the  state  and  secretary  of 
state.  He  served  one  term  in  the  state  sen- 
ate; and  after  Texas  became  a  state  was 
reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  state ;  secretary  of  state ;  and 
judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  district, 
which  position  he  held  at  the  time  of  his 
death.  He  was  the  author  of  Reports  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  Texas  from  1846  to 
1848.  He  died  Nov.  1.  1856.  in  Goliad, 
Texas. 

Webb,  James  Avery,  lawyer,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  2,  1868,  in  Ripley, 
Tenn.  He  was  educated  at  the  Lauderdale 
institute  of  Ripley.  Tenn.;  at  the  Southern 
normal  school  of  Bowling  Green,  Ky. ;  and 
at  the  Vanderbilt  university  of  Nashville, 
Tenn.  In  1890-91  he  was  mayor  of  Ripley, 
Tenn. ;  was  secretary  of  the  commercial  law 
league  of  America  in  1896 ;  and  in  1896- 
1901  was  secretary  of  the  bar  association  of 
St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1896-1904  he  was  lec- 
turer in  the  Benton  college  of  law  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo.  He  is  the  editor  of  the  last 
edition  of  Burrill  on  Assignments,  Webb's 
Pollock  on  Torts ;  and  is  the  author  of 
Webb  and  Meigs'  Digest  of  the  Court  De- 
cisions of  Tennessee  ;  Webb  on  Interest  and 
Usury ;  Webb  on  Passenger  and  Freight 
Elevators ;    and   other   legal   works. 

Webb,  James  Watson,  soldier,  journalist, 
diplomat,  author,  was  born  Feb.  8.  1802,  in 
Claverack,    N.Y.      He   entered    the   army    as 

second  lieutenant  in 
1819 ;  was  made  first 
lieutenant  in  1823; 
and  resigned  in  1827. 
Me  then  took  charge 
uf  the  New  York 
Courier,  which  was 
\uiited  to  the  En- 
(|  u  i  r  e  r,  under  the 
name  of  Morning 
Courier  and  New 
York  Enquirer.  He 
became  sole  editor; 
a  n  d  in  1830  sole 
proprietor.  In  1861  ho  was  minister  to 
Brazil ;  while  in  this  position  secured  the 
settlement  of  long-standing  claims  against 
Brazil;  and  was  instrumental,  through  his 
intimacy  with  Napoleon  III,  in  procuring 
the  withdrawal  of  the  French  from  Mexico. 
He  was  the  author  of  Altowan,  or  Lif«-  in 
the  Rocky  .Mountains;  and  Slavery  and  its 
Tiudencies.  He  died  June  7,  1884,  in 
Claverack.   N.Y. 

Webb,  John  Burkitt,  educator,  engineer, 
inventor,  was  born  in  1841  in  Philadeli-hia. 
Pa.  In  1885-1907  he  was  professor  of 
mathematics  and  mechanics  at  the  Stevens 
institute  of  technology;  and  is  now  engaged 
as  a  consulting  engineer.  He  has  invented 
a  floating  dynamometer;  and  other  scien- 
tific apparatus. 

Webb,  John  Russell,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  6,  1824.  in  Brownville.  N.Y.  He 
conceived  the  idea  of  teaching  children  to 
rc;u!    by    familiarizing    them    at    once    with 


624 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the  complete  forms  of  words,  without  tirst 
compelling  them  to  learn  the  alphabet.  He 
was  the  author  of  John's  First  Book ;  and 
Webb's  Word  Method,  in  which  he  expound- 
ed his  system  of  instruction ;  and  a  series 
of  readers  embodying;  the  method.  He  died 
Sept.  10,    1887,    in   Benton   Harbor,   Mich. 

Webb,  Nathan,  lawyer,  jurist,  legislator, 
was  born  May  7,  1825,  in  Portland,  Maine. 
He  was  a  representative  in  the  Maine  state 
legislature  in  1864-65.  He  was  county  at- 
torney of  Cumberland  county  in  1865-70 ; 
was  United  States  district  attorney  for 
Maine  in  1870-78;  and  in  1882-1902  was 
United  States  district  judge  for  the  district 
of  Maine.  He  died  in  1902  in  Portland. 
Maine. 

Webb,  Robert  Alexander,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  20.  1856,  in  Oxford, 
Miss.  He  has  filled  several  pastorates  in 
North  and  South  Carolina.  Since  1902  he 
has  been  professor  of  systematic  theology  in 
the  Southwestern  presbyterian  university  of 
Clarksville,  Tenn.  He  is  the  author  of 
Tlieolot;y  of  Infant  Salvation. 

Webb,  Samuel  Blatchley,  soldier,  patriot, 
was  l)orn  Dec.  15,  1753,  in  Wethorsfield, 
Conn.  He  held  the  bible  for  Washington 
when  he  took  his  oath  as  first  president  of 
the  United  States.  He  died  Dec.  3,  1807, 
in  Claverack,  N.Y. 

Webb,  Samuel  Blatchey,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Connecticut.  In  1775  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  first  regiment  Missouri  in- 
fantry;  and  in  1860  he  was  first  lieutenant 
adjutant  in  the  third  regiment  Missouri  in- 
fanti'y.  In  1865  he  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunlecrs.  He  died  July  5,  1876. 
Webb,  Thomas  Smith,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  30,  1771.  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1797  he  published  the  Freemason's  Monitor, 
or  Illustrations  of  Masonry  and  thus  se- 
cured for  himself  fame  as  a  masonic  ritual- 
ist and  author.  He  died  July  8,  1819,  in 
Cleveland.  Ohio. 

Webb,  Thomas  T.,  naval  officer,  Avas  born 
in  1806  in  Virginia.  He  served  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  navy  during  the  war  of  1812.  He 
commanded  the  schooner  Shark,  in  the  West 
Indies  in  1830-32  ;  was  promoted  to  master- 
commandant  in  1831;  and  commanded  the 
sloop  \'andalia  on  the  coast  of  Florida  in 
1833-36.  He  was  promoted  to  captain  in 
1841.  He  died  April  11,  1853,  in  Nor- 
folk, Va. 

Webb,  Walter  Loring,  civil  engineer,  au- 
thor ;  was  liorn  June  25,  1803,  in  Rye,  N.Y. 
In  1888-92  he  was  instructor  in  civil  engi- 
neering at  Cornell  university  ;  and  in  1893- 
1902  was  a  member  of  the  faculty  in  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  now  a 
consulting  engineer  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  the  author  of  Problems  in  the  Use  and 
Adjustment  of  Engineei'ing  Instruments ; 
Kailroad  Construction  ;  and  of  two  courses 
of  instruction  in  Platting  and  Toi)Ography 
and  Uailroad  Engineering  for  the  American 
school  of  correspondence  of  the  Armour  iu- 
slitute. 


Webb,  William  Alexander,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  July  30,  1867,  in 
Durham,  N.C.  In  1897-99  he  was  princi- 
pal of  the  Central  academy  of  Fayette,  Mo. 
In  1899-1907  he  was  professor  of  English; 
and  since  1907  has  been  president  of  Cen- 
tral college  of  I'ayette,  Mo. 

Webb,  William  Benning,  soldier,  lawyer, 
banker,  cabinet  olficer,  "was  born  Sept.  17, 
1825,  in  Washington,  D.C.  In  1861  he 
joined  a  company  of  volunteers,  and  was 
elected  captain.  In  1861,  upon  the  forma-' 
tion  of  the  metropolitan  police  force  in 
Washington,  he  was  elected  superintendent 
of  the  force.  In  1885  he  was  appointed  one 
of  the  connoissioners  of  the  District  of  Co- 
lumbia ;  and  in  1886  was  elected  president 
of    the   board    of   commissioners. 

Webb,  William  Henry,  shipbuilder,  phil- 
anthropist, was  born  June  19,  1816,  in  New 
York  City.  He  built  ovei  one  hundred  and 
fifty  vessels ;  and  devised  a  new  model  for 
navy  vessels  which  the  Russian  government 
accepted.  He  built  and  endowed  Webb's 
acadomv  and  home  for  shipbuilders  of  Ford- 
ham  Height,  N.Y.  He  died  Oct.  30,  1899, 
in  New  York  City. 

Webb,  William  Walter,  educator,  clergy- 
man, bishop,  author,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1857, 
in   Germantown,   Pa.     He  was   educated   in 

Philadelphia  at  the 
university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  at  Trinity 
college,  where  he  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
A.B.,  B.S.  and  A.M., 
and  at  the  Berkeley 
divinity  school.  In 
1897-1905  he  was 
president  of  the  Na- 
shotah  house  of  Wis- 
consin. Since  1900  has 
been  protestant  epis- 
copal bishop  of  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.  He  is  the  author  of  Index  to 
Electrolysis;  Guide  to  Seminarians;  and 
Cure  of  Souls. 

Webb,  William  Seward,  lawyer,  capital- 
ist, author,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1851,  in  New 
York  City.     He  was  educated  in  a  military 

school ;  at  Columbia 
university;  studied 
medicine  in  Vienna, 
Paris  and  Berlin;  and 
received  the  degree  of 
M.D.  from  the  Col- 
lege of  physicians  and 
surgeons  of  New  York 
City.  He  established 
a  game  preserve-  of 
two  hundred  t  h  o  u- 
sand  acres  in  the  Ad- 
irondacks.  He  served 
on  the  staff  of  the 
governor  of  Vermont  with  the  rank  of  colo- 
}iel;  and  was  inspector-general  of  rillo  prac- 
tice in  the  Vermont  state  militia.  For 
many  years  he  was  president  of  the  ^Vagner 
palace    car    company;    president   of   the    St. 


HERRINGSlIAWn    I.rmV-^'.V   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


625 


Lawrence  and  Adironchu-k  nii  1  road  com-- 
pany;  president  of  the  Addison  railroad 
company,  president  of  the  Fulton  chain 
railroad  company;  president  of  the  Ka- 
quette  railroad  company;  and  president  of 
the  Rutland  railroad  company,  lie  is  the 
author  of  California  and  Alaska;  Papers  of 
(ieneral  -lames  Watson  Webb;  and  J'ui)ers 
of  Colonel  Samuel  Blatcliley  Webb. 

Webber,  Amos  Richard,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congiessman,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1852,  in 
Hinckley,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools;  and  at  the  Baldwin  univer- 
sity of  iJerea,  Ohio.  In  1870  he  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  Elyria,  Ohio;  for  two 
terms  was  prosecuting  attorney;  and  in 
1!)(K)  was  chosen  judga  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas.  In  1904  he  was  elected  tc  the 
tifty-eighth  congress  to  till  a  vacancy;  and 
in  1905-07  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the   tilty-nintli   congn-ss  as  a   rei)ublican. 

Webber,  Charles  Wilkins,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  iNIay  2!),  181i),  in  Riissell- 
ville,  Ky.  He  was  a  journalist  and  traveler; 
and  was  killed  in  Walker's  exi)editiou  m 
Nicaragua.  He  was  the  author  of  Ilunter- 
Naturalist ;  Tales  of  the  Southern  Border; 
Old  Hic^ks  the  Ouide;  Gold  Mines  of  the 
Gila;  Shot  in  the  I\ve;  Adventur;;s  with 
Texas  Kitle  Rangers;  Wild  Scenes  and  Song 
Binls:  History  of  Mystery;  Spiritual  Vam- 
piri>ni:  Texan  Virago;  Wild  Girl  of  Ne- 
braska; and  Romance  of  Natural  History. 
He  did!  A])ril   11.  1S5G,  in  Central  America. 

Webber,  George  W.,  banker,  congressman, 
was   born   Nov.   25, 


IS-j 


m    Newburg, 


Vt. 
He  removed  to  Michigan.  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  Second  National  bank 
of  lon'a;  and  for  two  terms  was  mayor  of 
that  city.  In  1881-83.  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Michigan  to  the  forty-seventh  con- 
gress as  a  republican.  He  died  Jan.  15, 
1!)00.  in  Ionia.  Mieh. 

Webber,  Jules  C,  sohlier.  was  born  in 
New  Vork.  In  ]8(il  he  was  first  sergeant  in 
the  eighteenth  regiment  Illinois  infantry; 
and  in  IS(')5  was  brevetted  brgadier-geiieral 
of  vohintevrs.     He  <lied  Jan.   12.   1872. 

Webber,  Milton  Mathias  Napoleon,  mer- 
chant, writer,  was  born  July  27.  1817',  in 
Wells  county,  Ind.     He  was  drafted  into  the 

I'nited  States  federal 
army,  but  was  re- 
leased on  account  of 
his  age.  In  18(1(5  he 
was  governnu'Sit  es- 
cort at  A  t  c  h  i  s  o  n. 
t't-  ^  Kan.,     to     guard     tin? 

<Jtil^k^s  .  Iniled   States  mail 

through    I)  e  n  v  v  r    to 
V  Fort    Benton,    a     dis- 

tance of  two  thou- 
sand t  li  r  e  e  hundred 
miles,  and  was  subse- 
(pu'utly  engaged  in 
tiie  .same  capacity  on  other  routes.  In  1878 
he  only  lacked  a  few  votes  of  receiving  the 
democratic  nomination  for  state  seiiattn- 
from  .\lleu  county,  Ind.     He  is  prominently 


identified  with  various  fraternal  orders;  and 
has  been  a  charter  member  and  active  in  the 
formation  of  various  societies.  He  has  at- 
tained success  in  mercantile  pursuits;  has 
written  extensively  for  the  periodical  press; 
antl  acted  as  commercial  correspondent  for 
the  metropolitan  press. 

Webber,  Samuel,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, author,  was  born  in  1759  in  Bytield, 
Mass.  He  was  an  educator  of  Cambridge; 
professor  of  mathematics  in  Harvard  uni- 
versity in  1789-1806;  and  president  in  1800- 
10.  He  was  the  author  of  a  System  of 
Mathematics,  for  a  long  time  the  only  text- 
book on  that  subject  in  use  in  New  Eng- 
land colleges.  He  died  July  17,  1810,  in 
Cambridge,  Mass. 

Webber,  Samuel,  physician,  poet,  -was  born 
Sept.  15,  1797,  in  Cambridge,  Mass.  He 
was  a  piiysician  of  Charlestown,  N.H.  He 
was  the  author  of  Zogan,  an  Indian  Tale, 
in  verse;  and  War,  a  poem.  He  died  Dec. 
5,  1880,  in  Charlestown,  N.H. 

Webber,  Samuel  Gilbert,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  July  24,  1838,  in 
Boston,  Mass.  In  1862-65  he  was  assistant 
surgeon  in  the  United  States  navy;  and 
since  1865  has  practiced  his  profession  in 
Boston,  Mass.  He  studied  in  Vienna  in 
1866-67.  He  was  clinical  instructor  in  ner- 
vous diseases  at  Harvard  medical  school  in 
1875-85;  was  resident  physician  to  Adams 
nervine  asylum;  professor  of  ueui'ology  at 
Tufts  college  medical  school;  and  visiting 
physician  to  the  Boston  city  hospital  de- 
partment of  nervous  and  renal  diseases.  He 
is  the  author  of  the  Boylston  prize  essay 
for  1866  on  Cerebro  Spinal  Meningitis;  of 
Treatise  on  Nervous  Diseases;  and  Geneal- 
ogy of  the  Southworth  Family. 

Webber,  Wilber  Hoag,  soldier,  writer, 
builder,  j)ostnuister,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1838, 
near  Fowlerville,  N.Y.  He  received  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public 
schools  of  New  York 
a  n  d  Michigan.  I  n 
1861-64  he  served  in 
the  civil  war  in  tne 
r'V^  sixth    regiment    Mich- 

^'^  igan   infantry.    In 

1866-83  he  lived  in 
Louisiana;  and  since 
ISS;;  in  Lampasas, 
Texas.  F  o  r  thirty- 
five  j-cars  he  has  writ- 
ten for  tlie  press,  in- 
*  eluding   the    Philadel- 

phia Tinu's,  New  York  Tribune,  tliieago 
Ledger.  (ilobe-J)emocrat  of  St.  Louis:  and 
under  ecmtract  for  several  years  wrote  short 
stories  of  the  war  for  the  C'hicago  newspa- 
per union.  He  has  been  prineipally  engaged 
in  the  carpenter  and  builder's  trade;  and 
is  now  serving  his  fourth  term  as  postnuis- 
(er  of  Liniipa-<as.  Texas. 

Webber,  William  Lander,  educator,  col- 
lege, president,  author,  was  borji  April  14, 
1866.  in  Lenoir.  N.C.  In  189!)- 1907  he  was 
professor    of    I'nglish;    and    since    1907    has 


626 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


been  president  of  the  Centenary  college  of 
Shreveport,  La.  He  is  the  author  of  Word- 
Lists  for  the  Study  of  Englisn  Ethnology; 
and  Selection  From  the  Southern  Poets. 

Webber,  William  Lewis,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  July  19,  1825,  in  Ogden, 
N.Y.  Since  1881  he  has  been  president  of 
the  Saginaw,  Tuscola  and  Huron  railroad  at 
Saginaw,  Mich.  He  has  retired  from  active 
business. 

Weber,  Adna  Ferrin,  statistician,  author, 
was  born  July  14.  1870,  in  Spriiigville,  N. 
Y.  Since  1907  he  has  been  chief  statistician 
of  the  public  service  commission  of  New 
York.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Growth  of 
Cities  in  the  Nineteenth  Century  ;  and  slate 
statistical    reports   on   labor   topics. 

Weber,  Charles  Marie,  pioneer,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  Feb.  16,  1814,  in  Bava- 
ria. He  was  the  founder  of  Stockton,  C;il. ; 
and  has  done  much  toward  tlie  improvement 
of  that  city.  He  died  May  4,  1881,  in  Stock- 
ton. Cal. 

Weber,  Gustav  C.  E.,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  May  26.  1828,  in  Germany.  In 
1856-63  he  was  professor  of  surgery  in  the 
Cleveland  medical  college ;  and  in  1861  was 
surgeon-general  of  the  state.  During  the 
civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  In  1870-72  he  was 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  of  New  York  ; 
and  was  then  made  collector  till  1883. 

Weber,  Henry  Adam,  educator,  chemist, 
author,  was  born  .luly  12,  1845,  in  FrankUu 
county,  Ohio.  In  1874-82  he  was  professor 
of  cliemistry  in  the  university  of  Illinois ; 
and  since  1884  has  been  professor  of  agri- 
culture cliemistry  in  the  Ohio  state  univer- 
sity. He  is  the  author  of  Select  Course  in 
tjualitative   Analysis. 

Weber,  John  B.,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  Sept.  21,  1842,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  He 
was  deputy  postmaster  at  Buffalo  for  three 
years ;  and  in  1873  was  elected  sheriff  of 
Erie  county.  In  1885-89  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  New  York  to  the  forty-ninth 
and  fiftieth  congresses  as  a  republican.  He 
has  been  a  commission  merchant,  wholesale 
grocer  and  banker.  He  was  commissioner 
of  immigration  for  the  port  of  New  York ; 
and  chairman  of  the  <-ommission  to  investi- 
gate   causes    inciting    immigration. 

Weber,  John  Langdon,  educator,  journal- 
ist, clergyman,  college  president,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  25,  1862.  in  Union,  S.C.  For 
ten  years  he  was  engaged  in  journalism  ;  for 
six  years  was  pastor  of  metliodist  episcopal 
churches  in  Virginia  and  Tennessee ;  and 
since  1901  has  been  president  of  the  Ken- 
tucky Wesleyan  college.  He  is  the  author 
of  History  of  South  Carolina  ;  and  History 
of  Epworth  I>eague. 

Weber,  Max,  soldier,  was  born  Aug.  27, 
1824,  in  Germany.  In  1861  he  became  colo- 
nel of  the  twentieth  New  York  regiment. 
He  was  stationed  at  Fort  Monroe;  and  took 
part  in  the  capture  of  Fore  Hatteras.  He 
was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers  in   1862.     He   resigned   his   commis- 


"sion  in  1862.  He  was  assessor  in  internal 
revenue  in  New  York  in  1870-72  ;  and  then 
collector  in  1872-83.  He  died  June  15,  1901, 
in   Brooklyn,    N.Y. 

Weber,  Paul,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
about  1823.  Among  those  of  his  works  that 
are  owned  in  the  United  States  are  A 
Scene  in  the  Catskills,  in  the  Corcoran  gal- 
lery of  Washington ;  and  Morning,  in  the 
Pennsylvania  academy  of  fine  arts. 

Webster,  Albert  Falvey,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1848  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  a  magazinist  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Little  Majesty  ;  An  Opera- 
tion in  Money ;  and  Miss  Eunice's  Glove. 
He  died  Dec.  27,  1876,  at  sea. 

Webster,  Alice  Jean,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  July  24,  1876,  in  Fredonia,  N.Y". 
She  is  the  author  of  When  Patty  Went  to 
College;  The  Wheat  Princess;  and  Jerry 
Junior. 

Webster,  Arthur  Gordon,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  28,  1863,  in  Brookline, 
Mass.  He  is  professor  of  physics  in  Clark 
university  of  Worcester,  Mass.  Fie  is  the 
author  of  A  Mathematical  Treatise  on  the 
Theoi-y  of  Electricity  and  Magnetism ;  and 
Lowell  Institute  Lectures  on  Electricity  and 
I']ther. 

Webster,  Clement  Lyon,  geologist,  mining 
engineer,  was  born  March  18,  1859,  in  Rock- 
ford,  Iowa.  He  received  the  degree  of  M.S. 
from  the  university  of  Iowa.  He  is  a_suc- 
cessful  consulting  geologist  and  mining  en- 
gineer. He  is  president  of  the  Interstate 
investment  and  development  company,  with 
an  authorized  capital  of  one  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars. 

Webster,  Daniel,  congressman,  United 
Stales  senatin',  cabinet  officer,  was  born 
Jan.    18,    1792.   in    Salisbury,    nov/   Franklin, 

N.ll.  In  1805  he  be- 
gan to  practice  law  ; 
and  in  1813-17  and 
1S23-27  he  was  a  rep- 
^^^  ^^B^^  resentative  from  Mas- 
'w^p  ^^Hl"'^  sachusetts  to  the  thir- 
teen t  h.  fourteenth, 
eighteenth  and  nine- 
teenth congresses.  In 
1827  and  1845-51  he 
was  United  States 
senator;  and  in  1841- 
43  and  1850-52  he  was 
secretary  of  the  state. 
He  delivered  orations  on  special  occasions; 
and  delivered  one  at  tlie  second  Pilgrim  cen- 
tennial in  1820,  on  laying  of  the  corner-stone 
of  Bunker  Hill  monument  in  1825;  and  the 
eulogy  of  .Vdams  and  Jefferson  in  1826.  He 
(lied  bet.  24,   1852,   in  Mansfield,  Mass. 

Webster,  Mrs.  E.  H.,  poet,  was  born  in 
1822.  She  was  the  a;ithor  of  a  volume  of 
poetry  and  jirose  entitled  Clover  Blossoms. 
She  died  in   Hyde  I'ark,  Mass. 

Webster,  Ebenezer,  patriot,  was  born  in 
1739,  in  Kingston,  N.H.  He  served  in  the 
old  French  war;  and  in  I76I  was  one  of  the 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


627 


first  settlers  in  what  is  now  Franklin,  N. 
U.  There  he  became  a  farmer  and  also  kept 
a  tavern.  At  the  opening  of  the  Revolu- 
tion he  led  the  Salisbury  militia  to  Cam- 
bridge; and  subsequently  saw  much  service 
till  the  close  of  the  war,  when  he  liad  at- 
tained the  rank  of  colonel  of  militia.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  lower  branch  of  the 
legislature  for  several  years;  served  also  in 
tile  state  senate;  and  in  1791-1800  was 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Hills- 
borough county,  N.H.  He  died  in  ISOG  in 
Kraid^lin,  N.H." 

Webster,  Edwin  H.,  soldier,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  31,  1829,  in 
Hartford  county,  Md.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Maryland  state  senate  in  1855-59,  serv- 
ing two  years  as  the  president  of  that  body. 
In  185(5  he  was  chosen  a  presidential  elec- 
tor, in  1S59-G5  he  was  a  representative 
from  Maryland  to  the  thirty-sixth,  thirty- 
seventh  and  thirty-eighth  congresses.  For  a 
time  he  rendered  the  state  some  service  in 
a  military  capacity;  and  was  colonel  of  a 
Maryland'  regiment.  In  1805  he  was  ap- 
pointed collector  of  customs  for  the  port  of 
Baltimore.  He  died  April  24,  1893,  in  Be- 
lair,  Md. 

Webster,  Ezekiel,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  in  1739  in  Kingston,  N.H.  In 
1791-1806  he  was  a  judge  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire court  of  common  pleas.  He  died  in 
1800   in   Salisbury,  N.H. 

Webster,  Ezekiel,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
was  born  March  11,  1780,  in  Salisbury, 
N.H.  He  was  a  member  for  several  years 
of  the  New  Hampshire  legislature.  He  died 
Ainil    10.    1820,   in   Concoi'^d,  N.H. 

Webster,  Fletcher,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  author,  was  born  July  23,  1813, 
in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  He  was  private  sec- 
ictary  to  his  father  during  part  of  the  lat- 
ter's  service  as  secretary  of  state;  and  he 
was  secretary  of  legation  in  China  under 
Caleb  Cushing  in  1843.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  legislature  in  1847; 
and  in  1S50-01  was  surveyor  of  the  port 
of  Boston.  He  died  Aug!!  30,  1862,  near 
Bull  Run.  Va. 

Webster,  George  Washington,  president 
>tate  board  of  liealth  of  Illinois,  was  born 
•July  4,  1857,  in  Winnesheik  county,  Iowa. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  state;  and  graduated  from  the  medi- 
cal department  of  the  Northwestern  univer- 
sity at  I'^vanston.  111.  He  has  been  jjrofes- 
.sor  of  piiysieal  liagnosis  and  clinical  medi- 
cine at  the  Northwestern  university  school; 
and  is  attending  jdiysician  to  the  ^Vfercy 
and  Wesley  ]iosi)ita!s;  and  is  professor  of 
clinical  medicine  at  Northwestern  univer- 
sity medical  school.  He  is  a  successful 
pliysician;  is  vice-president  of  the  national 
confederation  of  state  mi-dical  examining 
and  licensing  boards;  and  has  filled  numer- 
ous other  positions  of  trust  and  honor. 
Since  1900  lie  iias  been  jircsid{Mit  of  the 
state  board  of  healtli  of  Jliinois;  and  re- 
sides   in    Chicago,   111. 


Webster,  Harrie,  naval  oflicer,  was  born 
Feb.  12,  1843,  in  Farmiiigton,  Maine.  In 
1802  he  was  appointed  thud  assistant  en- 
gineer in  the  volunteer  service  of  the  United 
States  navy;  in  1892  was  promoted  chief 
engineer;  and  in  1903  was  retired  with  the 
rank  of  rear-admiral  in  the  United  States 
navy. 

Webster,  Harrison  Edwin,  soldier,  educa- 
tor, college  president,  was  born  Sept.  8, 
1842,  in  Angelica,  N.Y.  Ho  was  professor 
of  geology  and  natural  history  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Rochester;  and  in  1888  was  elect- 
ed president  of  Union  college.  He  has  writ- 
ten several  pamphlets  on  natural  history 
subjects,   especially   on   marine   forms. 

Webster,  Helen  Livermore,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1853  in  Boston,  ilass. 
Since  1890  she  has  been  professor  of  com- 
parative philology  in  Wellesley  college.  Slie 
is  the  author  of  A  Special  Treatise  on  the 
(juttural  Question  in  Gotliic. 

Webster,  Henry  Kitchell,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  7,  1875,  in  Evanston, 
111.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Short  Line 
War;  The  Banker  and  the  Bear;  The  Story 
of  a  Corner  in  Land,  Roger  Drake;  Captain 
cf  Industry;  The  Duke  of  Cameron  Ave- 
nue;   and   Traitor   and  Loyalist. 

Webster,  Horace,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Sept.  21,  1794,  in  Hartford, 
Vt.  In  1848  he  became  principal  of  the 
Free  academy  in  New  York  City.  In  1800 
tjie  name  of  the  academy  was  changed  by 
law  to  the  College  of  the  City  of  New 
York;  and  he  continued  at  its  head  till 
1809;  after  which  he  was  emeritus  professor 
till  his  death.  He  died  July  12,  1871,  in 
Geneva,  N.Y. 

Webster,  John  Adams,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sept.  19,  1785,  in  Harford  county,  Md. 
At  the  beginning  of  the  war  of  1812  he 
became  third  lieutenant  on  the  privateer 
Rossie.  For  services  he  was  specially  men- 
tioned in  Com.  John  Rodgers'  report  to  the 
secretary  of  the  navy;  and  presented  witli 
swords  by  the  citizens  of  Baltimore  and  tlie 
state  of  Maryland.  In  1819  he  was  com- 
missioned captain  in  the  revenue  service; 
and  during  the  Mexican  war  he  commanded 
a  fleet  of  eight  cutters.  He  died  July  4, 
1870.  in   Harford  county,  Md. 

Webster,  John  Clarence,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1803,  in 
Canada.  Since  1899  he  has  been  professor 
of  (d)stetrics  and  gynecology  at  the  Rush 
medical  college  of  Chicago.  III.  He  is  the 
author  of  Text  Book  of  Diseases  of  Wom- 
en  and   other   medical    works. 

Webster,  John  White,  educator,  eiiemist, 
author,  was  born  l\Iay  20,  1793,  in  Boston, 
.Mass.  He  was  ])rofessor  at  Harvard  uni- 
versity in  1S24-50;  and  was  tried  and  ex- 
(■ciite<l  in  1S50  for  the  murder  of  Dr.  Bark- 
man.  He  was  tlie  author  of  Description  of 
the  Island  of  St.  Michael;  and  Manual  of 
C:hemistry.  He  died  Aug.  30,  1850,  in  Bos- 
ton.   Mass. 


628 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Webster,  Joseph  Dana,  soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  25,  ]811,  in  Old  Hampton,  N.H.  He 
served  through  the  Mexican  war;  and  in 
1853  became  captain.  He  was  president  of 
the  commission  that  perfected  the  remark- 
able system  of  sewerage  for  Chicago;  and 
also  planned  and  executed  the  operations 
whereby  the  grade  of  a  large  part  of  Chi- 
cago was  made  from  two  to  eight  feet 
higher.  He  had  charge  of  the  construction 
of  fortifications  during  the  civil  war;  and 
obtained  the  brevet  of  major-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  March  12,  1876,  in  Chi- 
cago,  111. 

Webster,  Joseph  Philbrick,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  March  22,  1819,  in  Man- 
chester, N.H.  For  years  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Handel  and  Hay  den  society;  and 
was  a  member  of  other  musical  associa- 
tions in  lioston,  ]\Iass.  He  composed  the 
cantata  The  Beatitudes;  many  songs;  and 
a  collection  of  Sunday  school  songs.  He 
(lied  Jan.   18,   1875,  in  Elkliorn,  Wis. 

Webster,  Nathan  Burnham,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  June  13,  1821,  in  Unity, 
N.H.  In  1839-40  he  was  instructor  of 
Greek  in  the  Norwich  university;  and  in 
1840-4()  was  principal  of  military  academy 
of  Portsmouth,  Va.  He  was  the  author  of 
Outlines  of  Chemistry.  He  died  in  1900  in 
\ineland.   N.J. 

Webster,  Noah,  lexicographer,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  10,  1758,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 
He  was  best  known  by  his  Spelling  Book 
and  his  American  Dictionary  of  the  Eng- 
lish language.  He  was  also  the  author  of 
.\  Philosophical  and  Practical  Grammar  of 
the  English  Language;  The  Prompter  or 
Common  Sayings  and  Subjects;  llights  of 
Neutrals;  Dissertations  on  the  English  Lan- 
guage; and  A  Compendious  Dictionarj'^  of 
the  English  Language.  He  died  May  28, 
1843.   in   New   Haven,  Conn. 

Webster,  Pelatiah,  economist,  author,  was 
born  in  1725  in  Lebanon,  Conn.  He  Avas 
tlie  author  of  Essays  on  Free  Trade  and 
Finance;  Essay  on  Credit;  and  Political 
Essay  on  the  Nature  and  Operation  of 
Money.  He  died  in  September,  1795,  in 
Pliiladelphia.  Pa. 

Webster,  Prentiss,  lawyer,  diplomat,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  I\Iay  24,  1851,  in  Lowell, 
Mass.  He  has  been  United  States  consul 
to  Germany.  He  is  the  author  of  Law  of 
Citizensliip  in  the  United  States;  and  Law 
of  Natuialization  in  the  United  States,  and 
(if    Other    Countries. 

Webster,  Ralph  Walton,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  A])ril  10,  1873,  in  Monmouth, 
111.  Since  1904  lie  has  been  an  instructor 
in  medicine  at  tlie  Rush  medical  college  of 
Chicago,  111.;  and  since  1905  has  been  bio- 
logical chemist  to  the  Cook  county  hos- 
j)ital.  He  is  a  member  of  the  American 
iissociation  for  the  advancement  of  science; 
and  a  successful  physician  of  Chicago,  111. 
He  is  the  author  of  Laboratory  ^lanual  of 
IMiysiological  Chemistry;  and  other  medical 
works. 


Webster,  Reginald  H.,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  June  23,  1857,  in  Mai- 
den, Mass.  In  1878  he  was  elected  teacher 
of  San  Francisco  school;  and  in  1896  be- 
came superintendent  of  the  schools  of  San 
Francisco;  and  is  now  deputy  superintend- 
ent. He  is  president  of  the  Metropolitan 
business   college. 

Webster,  Richard,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  14,  1811,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  '  He 
was  a  presbyterian  clergyman;  and  pas- 
tor at  Mauch  Chunk  in  1835-56.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  History  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church  in  America  till  1760.  He  died  June 
19,   1850,  in  :Mauch  Chunk,  Pa. 

Webster,  Sidney,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  May  28,  1828,  in  Gilmanton,  N.H.  In 
1853-57  he  was  private  secretary  to  Presi- 
dent Franklin  Pierce.  In  1857-60  he  prac- 
ticed law  in  Boston,  Mass.;  and  in  1860 
moved  to  New  York  City.  In  1858  he  was 
a  commissioner  to  the  United  States  court 
lor  the  first  judicial  circuit.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Two  Treaties  of  Paris  and  the 
Supreme    Court. 

Webster,  Taylor,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1833-39  he  was  a  rep- 
icsentative  from  Ohio  to  the  twenty-third, 
twenty-fourth  and  twenty-fifth  congresses. 
He  died   in  Ohio. 

Webster,  Warren,  phjsician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  7,  1835,  in  Gilman- 
ton, N.H.  He  was  an  army  surgeon  dur- 
ing the  civil  war.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Army  Medical  Stall;  and  Sympathetic 
Diseases  of  the  Eye,  from  the  German  of 
?»lautluier.  He  died  Jan.  13,  1896,  in  Bal- 
timore. ^Id. 

Webster,  William  Clarence,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  14,  1866,  in  Lake  Town- 
ship, Mich.  In  1890-03  he  was  professor 
of  history  at  the  Cornell  university;  and 
is  now  professor  of  commerce  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Texas.  In  1902-06  he  was  gen- 
eral agent  of  the  Etna  life  insurance  com- 
))any.  He  is  the  author  of  General  History 
of  Commerce;  and  Agricultural  Industries 
of    the    I'nited    States. 

Webster,  William  Franklin,  educator, 
author,  was  born  May  23,  1862,  in  Clear- 
water, I\Iinn.  He  received  the  degree  of 
A.B.  from  the  university  of  Minnesota. 
He  has  been  superintendent  of  schools  at 
Rushford,  Minn.;  superintendent  of  schools 
at  Moorhead,  Minn.;  and  since  1893  .has 
been  principal  of  the  East  high  school  of 
r\linneapolis,  Minn.  He  is  the  author  ot 
l';iementary  Composition;  English  Compo- 
sition and  Literature;  and  Elements  of 
iMiglish    (Jrammar. 

Webster,  William  Prentiss,  soldier,  dip- 
l(>inat,  jurist,  \\as  born  June  9,  1817,  in 
Newburyport.  Mass.  In  1869  he  was  ap- 
jiointed  consul-general  of  tlie  United  States 
at  Frankfort-on-tlie-i\Iain,  Germany.  He 
f ubsequeiitly  served  as  judge.     He  dieil  Feb. 


u . 


1S7 


Lowell,   ^lass. 


Wedderburn,     Alexander     John,     farmer, 
journalist,   was   born   Oct.  31,   1S49,  in  New 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


629 


Orleans,  La.  Ho  is  master  of  the  Virginia 
state  grange;  Jias  lectured  extensively  on 
various  topics;  and  was  special  agent  of 
the  department  of  agriculture  for  investi- 
gating fool  adulterations.  He  is  the  editor 
and  owner  of  the  Weekly  National  Intelli- 
gencer; and  The  National  Farm  and  Firc- 
sidf     <it'     Wasliington,    D.C. 

Weed,  Annie  W.,  lecturer,  author,  poet, 
was  born  June  18,  1833,  in  Canada.  She 
is  a  lecturer  of  Rose,  N.Y.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Isadore;  and  The  Pathway  to  the 
Rifted   Rock. 

Weed,  Clarence  Moores,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1864  in  Toledo,  Ohio.  He  is 
professor  of  zoology  and  entomology  at 
tlie  New  Hampshire  college  of  agriculture 
and  the  mechanic  arts  at  Durham,  N.H. 
He  is  the  author  of  .Ten  New  England 
Blossoms  and  their  Insect  Visitors;  Insects 
and  Insecticides;  Fungi  and  Fungicides; 
Spraying  Crops;  Stories  of  Insect  Life; 
and    otlii'V    nature    books. 

Weed,  Edwin  Gardner,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  July  23,  1837,  in  Savannah,  Ga. 
In  1886  he  was  consecrated  third  protest- 
ant  episcopal  bishop  of  Florida. 

Weed,  Elbert  D.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Dec.  1,  1858,  in  Allegheny  county,  N.Y.  In 
1880  he  graduated  from  the  Lawrence  uni- 
versity of  Appleton,  Wis.;  and  subsequent- 
ly from  the  Wisconsin  state  law  school  of 
Madison.  He  has  attained  prominence  as 
one  of  the  foremost  lawyers  of  Montana  at 
Helena ;  was  assistant  United  States  district 
attorney,  district  of  Montana,  in  1884-85; 
was  United  States  district  attorney  during 
1889-94;  and  in  1894-95  was  mayor  of  the 
city   of  Helena. 

Weed,  Emily  Stuart,  poet,  was  born  in 
Greenwich,  Conn.  She  is  the  author  of 
Twilight  Echoes,  a  collection  of  poems. 

Weed,  George  Ludington,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  9.  1828,  in  Union  Mis- 
sion. Ark.  He  was  the  author  of  Great 
Truths  Simplv  Told;  A  Life  of  Christ  for 
the  Young;  A  Life  of  St.  Paul  for  the 
Young:  A  Life  of  St.  John  for  the  Young; 
an<l  otlier  works.  He  died  in  1904  in  Phil- 
adelphia.   Pa. 

Weed,  Samuel  Richards,  insurance,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  '.I  1837,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1858-61  he  was  engaged  in  journalistic 
v.ork:  and  since  then  has  been  manager  an<l 
special  agint  of  various  fire  insurance  com- 
panies in  ^t.  Louis  and  New  York.  He  is 
ilie  author  of  Htindlmok  of  Fire  Insurance; 
i;nd    Xorwalk    to  Norway. 

Weed,  Smith  Mead,  lawyer,  financier, 
stati'  senator,  was  born  July  20,  1833,  in 
Helmont.  N.Y.  Since  18.")9  he  has  practiced 
law  in  Plattsliurg  and  New  Yurk  City.  He 
1.'^  president  of  t'.ie  Cliateaugay  ore  and  iron 
<omi)any;  president  of  the  Cliateaugay  and 
Lake  Placid  railroad  company;  president  of 
the  Domincan  nilroad  company;  and  has 
other  large  financial  interests.  In  1S65-74 
lie  was  a  nu-inlxT  nf  the  Ni-w  York  state 
senate. 


Weed,  Stephen  Hinsdale,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1S34  in  New  York  City.  He  served  in  the 
Seminole,  ^Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and  in 
1863  was  made  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. He  died  July  2,  1863,  in  Gettys- 
burg. Pa.,  from  a  wound  received  while  hold- 
ing a  position  on  Little  Round  Top,  which  is 
now  liistorically  marked  as  Weed's  Hill. 

Weed,  Thuriow,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  15,  1797,  in  Cairo,  N.Y.  His  first 
elTort  m  journalism,  the  great  work  of  his 

life,  was  to  establish 
a  paper  called  the 
Agriculturist ;  after 
which  he  edited  vari- 
ous newspapers;  and' 
in  1830  became  editor 
of  the  Albany  Even- 
ing Journal,  which  po- 
sition he  occupied  un- 
til 1865.  Being  tiie 
father  of  so  many 
newspapers  he  is 
sometimes  called  The 
Priam  of  the  Press. 
He  was  the  author  of  Letters  from  Europe; 
and  Autobiography.  He  died  Nov.  22,  1882, 
in  New  York  City. 

Weed,  Walter  Harvey,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  :VIay  1,  1862,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
In  1883-1906  lie  was  geologist  on  the  United 
States  geological  survey.  He  is  the  author 
of  Formation  of  Hot  Springs  Deposits; 
Glaciation  of  Yellowstone  Valley;  Geology 
of  Castle  Mountain  District;  and  Copper 
:\rinos  of  the   World. 

Weeden,  Howard,  artist,  author,  was  born 
in  Huiitsville,  Ala.  He  is  a  successful 
painter  of  negroes;  and  writer  of  poems  of 
southern  subjects  under  the  titles  Shadows 
on  the  Wall;  Bandana  Ballads;  Songs  of 
tlie  Old  South:   and  Old  Voices. 

Weedon,  George,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1730  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.  He  was  com- 
missioned brigadier-general  in  1777;  and 
participated  in  the  battles  of  the  Brandy- 
wine  and  Germantown.  He  died  in  1790  in 
Fredericksburg.  Va. 

Weeden,  William  Babcock,  soldier,  man- 
ufacturer, author,  was  born  Sept.  1,  1834,  in 
Bristol,  R.I.     He  served  as  a  union  soldier 

during  the  civil   war; 

(■r^  and   was  cliief   of  ar- 

L^  tillery     first     division 

J  ■'%;  fifth    corps    armv    ot 

^^  ")        Potomac.       I  n    1862- 

1902  he  was  engaged 
in  the  manufactvue  of 
woolen  in  Providence, 
R.I.;  and  is  now  re- 
J  tired.  He  is  president 
*  of  tlie  Providence 
board  of  trade  in 
Ri)ode  Island.  He  is 
the  author  of  The 
Morality  of  Prohibitory  Liquor  Laws;  So- 
cial Law  of  T>abor;  The  Economic  and  So- 
(  ial  History  of  New  England;  and  War 
Government,  Federal  and  State. 


ibm 


i 


630 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Weedon,  Leslie  Washington,  physician, 
scientist,  was  born  April  27,  18G0,  in  San- 
dersville,  Ga.  In  1885  he  graduated  in 
medicine  from  the  university  of  New  York. 
He  served  through  the  great  epidemic  of 
yellow  fever  in  Florida  in  1887-88;  has 
been  health  ofticer  of  tlie  port  of  Tampa 
for  several  years;  and  is  now  a  representa- 
tive of  the  state  board  of  health.  He  has 
served  as  president  of  the  county  board  of 
liealth;  lias  made  a  special  study  of  yel- 
low fever;  and  his  opinions  are  always 
sought  in   yellow   fever   matters. 

Weekley,  William  Marion,  clergyman, 
bishop,  author,  Sept.  18,  1851,  Tyler  coun- 
'ty,  Va.  In  1870  he  entered  the  ministry 
of  the  United  brethren  church;  and  since 
1905  he  has  been  bishop.  He  is  the  author 
of  From  Life  to  Life;  Getting  and  Giv- 
ing; Twenty  Years  on  Horseback;  and  Our 
Heroes. 

Weeks,  Edgar,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
f'ongressnian,  was  born  Aug.  3,  1839,  in 
Mount  Clements,  Mich.  He  received  his  ed- 
ucation in  the  public  schools  of  his  native 
city.  In  1861  he  entered  the  military  serv- 
ice as  first  sergeant  of  company  B,  fifth 
regiment  Michigan  infantry;  was  promot- 
ed in  1862  to  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant 
of  the  twenty-second  regiment  Michigan  in- 
fantry; and  subsequently  became  captain 
of  company  F  in  the  same  regiment.  He 
also  served  as  assistant  inspector-general  of 
tiie  third  brigade,  second  division  reserve 
corps,  army  of  the  Cumberland.  Since 
1866  he  has  practiced  law  in  Mount  Clem- 
ens, Mich.  During  1867-70  he  was  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Macomb  county;  and 
during  1875-76  was  judge  of  probate.  In 
1899-1903  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh  congresses  as 
a  republican.  He  died  in  1904  in  Mt.  Clem- 
ens,  j\licli. 

Weeks,  Edwin  Lord,  artist,  autiior,  was 
born  in  1849  in  Boston.  Mass.  He  was  an 
artist;  was  member  of  the  advisory  com- 
mittee Chicago  world's  fair;  and  chevalier 
of  the  Legion  of  honor  of  France.  He  was 
also  the  author  of  From  the  Black  Sea 
through  Persia  and  India;  and  other  works. 
He  died  Nov.    17,   190:5.   in   France. 

Weeks,  Edwin  Ruthven,  member  Amer- 
ican institute  of  electrical  engineers,  was 
born  Dec.  25,  1855,  in  Westfield,  Wis.  He 
was  educated  in  the  Kansas  City  schools, 
the  Phillips  Exeter  academy;  Tabor  college 
and  Spaulding's  commercial  college.  He 
learned  the  trade  of  a  mason;  was  one  of 
the  first  postmen  in  Kansas  City;  and  for 
several  years  was  in  the  service  of  the  Un- 
ion Pacific  railroad.  He  became  superin- 
tendent, manager,  vice-president  and  for 
eighteen  years  was  managing  director  of 
the  Kansas  City  electric  company;  and  is 
considered  the  father  of  electric  light  and 
power  in  Kansas  City.  He  is  now  a  suc- 
cessful consulting  electrical  and  mechanical 
engineer  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  has  been 
president  of  the  National  electric  light  as- 


sociation; vice-president  of  the  American 
humane  education  society;  is  member  of 
the  American  association  for  the  advance- 
ment of  science;  president  of  the  humane 
society  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  and  a  life 
member  of  the  Royal  society  for  the  pre- 
vention of  cruelty.  He  has  delivered  many 
addresses  on  scientific,  educational,  econom- 
ic and  humanitarian  subjects ;  and  has  been 
a  prolific  contributor  to  the  educational 
and  technical  press. 

Weeks,  George  H.,  soldier,  was  born  Feb. 
3,  1832,  in  New  Hampshire.  He  was  a  brig- 
adier-general in  the  United  States  army, 
now  retired.  He  died  in  1905  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Weeks,  John  M.^  inventor,  author,  was 
born  May  22,  1788",  in  Litchfield,  Conn.  In 
1879  he  moved  to  Salisbury,  Vt.;  made  a 
study  of  bees;  and  invented  the  Vermont 
beehive.  He  was  the  author  of  Manual  on 
Bees;  and  History  of  Salisbury.  He  died 
Sept.  1.  1858,  in  Salisbury,  Vt. 

Weeks,  John  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1799  in 
Greenland,  N.H.  He  was  a  county  sheriff 
in  New  Hampshire  in  1820-25;  and  was  a 
state  senator  in  1827-28.  In  1829-33  he  Avas 
a  representative  from  New  Hampshire  to 
the  twenty-first  and  twenty-second  con- 
gresses. He  was  judge  of  probate  in  Coos 
county  in  1854.  He  died  in  1863  at  Lan- 
caster, N.H. 

Weeks,  John  Wingate,  banker,  congress- 
man, was  born  April  11,  1860,  in  Lancas- 
ter, N.H.  In  1886-88  he  was  assistant  land 
commissioner  of  the  Florida  southern  rail- 
road. Since  1888  he  has  been  a  banker  of 
]?oston,  Mass.;  and  Avas  president  of  the 
Newtonville  trust  company.  In  1890-99  he 
commanded  a  division  of  the  Massachu- 
setts naval  brigade  and  commanded  the  sec- 
ond division  of  the  auxiliary  United  States 
naval  force  on  the  Atlantic  coast  with  the 
rank  of  captain.  In  1903-04  he  was  mayor 
of  Newton,  Mass.;  and  in  1905-11  was  a 
representative  from  ]\Iassachusetts  to  the 
fiftj^-ninth,  sixtieth  and  sixty-first  con- 
gresses as  a  republican. 

Weeks,  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Massachusetts.  In  1835- 
39  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
Hani])shire  to  the  twenty-fourth  and  twen- 
ty-fifth congresses.  He  was  judge  of  the 
county  court  for  Cheshire  county  for  two 
years.    He  died  in   Clieshire  county,  N.H. 

Weeks,  Joseph  Dame,  journalist,  statis- 
tician, clergyman,  was  born  Dec.  3,  1840, 
in  Lowell,  Mass.  In  1869-77  he  \vas  pastor 
of  a  methodist  church.  In  1886-06  he  was 
editor  of  the  American  Manntactiirer;  and 
edited  the  Iron  World  at  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 
In  1895  he  was  president  of  the  American 
institute  of  mining  engineers.  He  died  Dec. 
26.  1896.  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Weeks,  Leroy  Titus,  educator,  college 
])resident,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1854,  in 
Mount  Vernon,  Iowa.  In  1893  he  became 
president  of  the  Little  Rock  university  of 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


631 


Arkansas.    He   is  the  author  of   a   volume 
of  poems. 

Weeks,  Robert  Dodd,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1819  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  as  educator;  and  in  1860  became  an  in- 
surance clerk  in  Newark,  N.J.  He  was  the 
author  of  Jehovah-Jesus,  the  Oneness  of 
God;  Genealogy  of  the  Family  of  George 
Weeks;  and  The  New  Dispensation.  He 
died  in  1898  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Weeks,  Robert  Kelley,  lawyer,  poet,  was 
born  Sept.  21,  1840,  in  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Twenty  Poems;  and  Epi- 
sodes and  Lyric  Pieces.  He  died  April  13, 
1876.  in  New  York  City. 

Weeks,  Stephen  Beauregard,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  2,  1865,  in  Pasquo- 
tank county,  N.C.  He  is  an  historical  writ- 
er; and  was  principal  and  normal  teacher 
of  Santa  Fe  Indian  school,  N.M.  He  is 
head  of  a  high  school  of  Greensboro,  N.C; 
and  editor  of  an  historical  work  dealing 
with  the  history  of  North  Carolina.  He  is 
author  of  Bibliography  of  the  Historical 
Literature  of  North  Carolina;  Church  and 
State  in  North  Carolina;  The  Press  of  North 
Carolina  in  the  Eighteenth  Century;  South- 
ern Quakers  and  Slavery;  and  other  works. 
Weeks,  Stephen  Holmes,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Oct.  6,  1835,  in  Cornish 
Maine.  Since  1898  he  has  been  engaged 
as  a  consulting  surgeon  in  Portland,  Maine. 
He  was  the  first  person  to  make  and  use 
drainage  tubes  from  the  arteries  of  animals. 
Weeks,  Thomas  Edwin,  dental  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  May  5,  1853.  in  Massillon. 
Ohio.  In  1892  he  filled  the  chair  of  dental 
anatomy  and  operative  technics  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Minnesota.  He  is  the  author  of 
Week's  Manual  of  Operative  Technics. 

Weeks,  William  Raymond,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  6,  1783,  in  Brooklyn. 
Conn.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of 
Newark.  N.J.  He  was  the  author  of  Nine 
Sermons;  Pilgrim's  Progress  in  the  Nine- 
teenth Centurv;  and  Scripture  Catechism. 
He  died  June  27.  1848,  in  Oneida,  N.Y. 

Weeks,  William  Raymond,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  4,  1848,  in  Newark,  N. 
J.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  New  Y^ork 
City.  Ho  is  tlio  author  of  History  of  the 
American  Numismatic  and  Archajological 
Society  of  New  York;  New  Jersey's  Influ- 
ence Upon  Her  Surroundings;  and  The 
Manhattans. 

Weems,  Capell  L.,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, congri'ssnian,  was  born  July  7,  1860,  in 
Whigville,  Ohio.  He  received  an  academic 
education;  taught  school;  and  in  1883  was 
admitted  to  the  practice  of  law.  In  1SS4 
he  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  No- 
ble county,  Ohio;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
Oliio  liouse  of  representatives.  In  1894-98 
lie  was  prosecuting  attorney  of  Belmont 
county,  Oliio;  and  in  1903-09  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Ohio  to  the  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Weems,  John  C,  congressman,  was  born 


in  Waterloo,  Md.  In  1826-29  he  was  a 
representative  from  Maryland  to  the  nine- 
teenth and  twentieth  congresses.  He  died 
in  Maryland. 

Weems,  Julius  Buel,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  26,  1865,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  1895-1904  he  was  professor  of  agricul- 
tural chemistry  at  the  Iowa  state  college. 
He  is  the  co-author  of  Grasses  of  Iowa. 

Weems,  Mason  Locke,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  about  1760  in  Dumfries,  Va. 
He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman;  famous 
as  a  book  agent  in  his  day;  and  at 
one  time  rector  of  Pohick  church  of  Mount 
Vernon,  where  Washington  attended.  His 
Life  of  Washington,  which  as  early  as  1811 
had  reached  an  eleventh  edition,  is  still  the 
most  popular  life  of  its  subject,  as  from 
some  points  of  view  it  is  the  most  enter- 
taining. He  was  also  the  author  of  Lives 
of  ]\Iarion,  Penn,  and  Franklin.  He  died 
May  23,   1825,  in  Beaufort,  S.C. 

Wegmann,  Edward,  civil  engineer,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  27,  1850,  in  Rio  de  Janeiro, 
Brazil.  In  1861-66  he  attended  the  public 
schools  in  Zurich,  Switzerland;  in  1866-70 
studied  at  the  Brooklyn  polytechnic  insti- 
tute; and  in  1871  graduated  with  the  de- 
gree of  C.E.  from  the  New  York  university. 
In  1871-80  lie  was  assistant  engineer  on  the 
New  York  and  Boston  air  line,  on  the  New 
York  elevated  railway  and  other  corpora- 
tions. In  1880-84  he  was  resident  engineer 
on  the  New  York  west  shore  and  Buffalo 
railroad;  and  in  1884-1904  was  division  en- 
gineer for  the  aqueduct  commission  of  New 
York  City.  Since  1904  he  has  been  expert 
engineer  and  is  now  consulting  engineer 
for  the  aqueduct  commission  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Design  and 
Construction  of  Mason  Dams;  The  Water 
Supply  of  the  City  of  New  York;  and  The 
Design  and  Construction  of  Dams. 

Weidenmeyer,  John  William,  author,  was 
born  April  26,  1819,  in  Fredericksburg,  Va. 
He  was  a  writer  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Catalogue  of  North 
American  Butterflies;  Real  and  Ideal,  a 
volume  of  verse;  Themes  and  Translations; 
American  Fish  and  How  to  Catch  Them; 
and  From  Alpha  to  Omega.  He  died  Jan. 
19,    1896,   in   Amity ville,  N.Y. 

Weidman,  Samuel,  educator,  geologist, 
was  born  Oct.  11,  1S70.  in  Reedsburg,  Wis. 
In  1895  lie  was  appointed  an  assistant  to 
tlie  United  States  geologieal  survey;  and 
subsequently  became  geologist  of  tlie  Wis- 
consin geological  and  natural  liistory  sur- 
vey. He  is  a  fellow  of  tin-  American  asso- 
ciation for  the  r.dvancement  of  science.  He 
is    tlic    author    of    many    bulletins. 

Weidner,  Revere  Franklin,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  22,  1851,  in  Centre 
\'aney.  Pa.  He  is  a  lutheran  clergyman; 
was  in  1885-91  professor  of  systematic  tlie- 
ology  at  Augustana  seminary,  Rock  Is- 
land; and  since  1891  president  of  Chicago 
Lutheran  theological  seminary.  He  is  the 
author  of  Commentary  on  Mark;   Exegeti- 


632 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


cal  Theology;  Historical  Theology;;  Sys- 
tem of  Dogmatic  Theology;  Grammar  of 
New  Testament  Greek;  Commentary  on 
the  Hebrew  Text  of  Obadiah;  Method  for 
Study  of  New  Testament  Greek;  and  The 
Ihe  Doctrine  of  the  Ministry. 

Weigh tman,  Richard  Hanson,  soldier,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1818  in  Maryland. 
He  was  a  captain  in  the  Missouri  battalion 
of  light  artillery  volunteers  in  the  Mex- 
ican war;  and  distinguished  himself  un- 
der Colonel  Donophan  in  the  battle  of  Sac- 
ramento. He  subsequently  held  the  posi- 
tion of  additional  paymaster.  In  1851-53 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  Mexico 
to  the  thirty-second  congress  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  Aug.  10,  1861,  near  Wilson's 
Creek,  Mo. 

Weigh  tman,  Roger  C,  banker,  librarian, 
was  born  in  1786  in  Alexandria,  Va.  He 
was  mayor  of  Washington  in  1824-27;  be- 
came cashier  of  the  Washington  bank; 
and  was  for  many  years  librarian  of  tlie 
patent  office.  He  died  Feb.  2,  1876,  in  Wash- 
ington,   D.C. 

Weik,  Jesse  William;  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  23,  1857,  in  Greencastle,  Ind. 
He  is  the  author  of  Herndon  and  Weik's 
jjincoln,  in  two  volumes. 

Weikel,  Anna  Hamlin,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Pennsylvania.  She  is 
the  autlior  of  Betty  Baird;  and  Betty 
P)aird's    \'entures. 

Weil,  Victor  M.,  business  president.  He 
is  president  of  the  California  and  Sierra 
tele])honc  company,  president  of  the  Es- 
meralda electric  light  and  power  company 
and  president  of  the  Boston  and  suburban 
realty  trust.  He  is  also  president  of  the 
Inter-trust  security  company  and  presi- 
dent of  tlie  Boise  Thunder  mountain  Big 
creek   raili-oad. 

Weimer,  Albert  Barnes,  lawyer,  law  re- 
porter, author,  was  born  Jan.  5,  1857,  in 
Philadelpliia.  Pa.  In  1882  he  began  the 
practiee  of  law.  In  1901  he  became  law  re- 
porter of  the  superior  court  of  Pennsylva- 
nia. He  is  the  author  of  Railroad  Law  of 
Pennsylvania;  and  Corporation  Law  of 
Pennsylvania. 

Weinman,  Adolph  Alexander,  sculptor, 
artist,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1870,  in  Germany. 
Since  1801  he  has  been  successfully  engag- 
ed as  a  sculptor.  He  designed  the  monu- 
ment to  General  Alexander  Macomb  of  De- 
troit, iVlicli.:  the  Union  soldiers'  and  sail- 
ors' monument  in  Baltimore;  the  Lincoln 
memorial  for  Oshkosh,  Wis.;  and  many  oth- 
ers. He  is  an  associate  national  academi- 
cian. 

Weinstock,  Harris,  merchant,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  18,  1854,  in  London,  England. 
Since  1S74  he  has  been  engaged  in  business 
in  Sacramento,  Cal.;  and  since  1888  has 
been  president  of  Weinstock,  Leubin  and 
company.  He  is  the  author  of  Jesus,  the 
Jew. 

Weir,  Allen,  lawyer,  legislator,  jurist,  Avas 
born  April  24,  1854,  in  Los  Angeles  county, 


Cal.  He  has  been  municipal  judge  of  Port 
Townsend,  Wash.;  United  States  commis- 
sioner; and  secretary  of  the  board  of  trade 
of  that  city.  For  twelve  years  he  was  the 
editor  and  owner  of  the  Puget  Sound  Ar- 
gus. He  has  served  as  a  member  of  the 
upper  house  of  the  Washington  territorial 
legislature;  was  a  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional state  convention  in  1889:  and  in  1889- 
93  was  the  first  secretary  of  state.  In  1892 
he  was  acting  governor  lor  the  state  of 
Washington  at  the  dedication  of  the  World's 
Columbian  exposition  buildings  at  Chicago.   ' 

Weir,  James,  lawyer,  banker,  author,  was 
born  .June  16,  1821,  in  Greenville,  Ky.  He 
has  been  a  lawyer  for  forty  years;  and 
a  banker  for  thirty  years.  He  is  the  presi- 
dent of  the  Owensboro  and  Nashville  rail- 
road; and  president  of  the  Deposit  bank 
of  Owensboro,  Ky.  He  is  the  author  of 
Long  Powers,  or  the  Regulators;  Simon 
Kenton:     and    Winter    Lodge. 

Weir,  James,  physician,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  17,  1856,  in  Owensboro,  Ky.  He  prac- 
ticed medicine  in  Owensboro,  Ky.  He  was 
the  author  of  Religion  and  Lust:  The  Dawn 
of  Reason;  and  Intelligence  in  the  Lower 
Animals.   He  died  in  1906  in  Owensboro,  Ky. 

Weir,  John  Ferguson,  sculptor,  painter, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  28,  1841,  in  West 
Point,  N.Y.  He  is  a  national  academician. 
His  principal  works  in  sculpture  include 
statues  of  President  Woolsey;  and  Professor 
Stillman  of  Yale  university.  He  has  exe- 
cuted many  portraits  and  other  works  in 
paintijig,  notably  the  pictures  The  Gun 
Foundry;  Tapping  the  Furnace;  and  Rain 
and  Sunshine.  He  is  the  author  of  John 
Trumbull  and  His  Works;  and  Human 
Destiny  in  the  Light  of  Revelation. 

Weir,  Julian  Alden,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Aug.  30,  1852,  in  West  Point,  N.Y. 
He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  So- 
ciety of  American  artists;  and  is  an  aca- 
demician of  tlie  National  academy  of  de- 
sign. He  specialties  are  portrait  and 
genre  pieces,  and  include  the  paintings 
Studv  of  an  Old  Peasant;  Breton  Interior; 
Tlie  'Muse  of  Music;  and  The  Good  Sa- 
maritan. 

Weir,  Levi  Candee,  business  president. 
He  is  a  director  of  several  banks;  president 
of  the  Adams  express  company;  president 
of  the  Adams  land  and  building  company; 
president  of  the  Adams  vehicle  company; 
president  of  the  Matawok  land  company; 
and   president   of   the   Weir   frog   company. 

Weir,  Robert  Fulton,  physician,  surgeon, 
was  born  Feb.  16,  1838.  in  New  York  City. 
In  1861-65  he  served  in  the  civil  war  as 
an  assistant  surgeon.  In  1900  he  Avas  pres- 
ident of  the  American  siu'gical  association; 
and  in  1900  was  president  of  the  New  York 
acadi-my  of  medicine.  In  1892-07  he  was 
professor  of  surgery  at  Columbia  univer- 
sity: and  in  1900-06  was  attending  surgeon 
at  tlie  Roosevelt  hospital  of  New  York 
City. 

Weir,  Robert  Walter,  painter,  artist,  was 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


633 


born  June  IS,  1803,  in  New  Rochello,  N.Y. 
Among  liis  well  known  paintings  is  The 
Embarknient  of  the  Pilgrims  in  the  ro- 
tunda of  the  capitol  at  Washington.  He 
died  :May  1.  ISSH,  in  New  York  City. 

Weise,*^  Arthur  James,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  In,  1838,  in  Shepherdstown,  Va. 
In  1862-(54  he  served  in  the  civil  war  as  a 
lieutenant  in  the  seventh  infantry  regiment 
of  Maryland  volunteers,  army  of  the  Poto- 
mac. 'He  is  the  author  of  History  of  the 
City  of  Troy;  History  of  Lansingburgh; 
The  Discoveries  of  America  to  the  Year 
1525;  Plistory  of  the  City  of  Albany;  Troy 
and  its  Vieinitv;  and  Representative  Men 
of  Troy.  N.Y. 

Weir,  Samuel,  educator,  pedagogist,  cler- 
gyman, aiitlior,  was  born  April  15,  1860,  in 
Canada.     He    was    educated    in    the    normal 

school  of  Toronto, 
Canada;  graduated 
from  the  Northwest- 
ern university;  and 
graduated  from  t  li  e 
Garrett  biblical  insti- 
tute. He  has  receiv- 
ed the  honorary  de- 
grees of  A.M.  and  Ph. 
D.  In  1889-90  he  was 
professor  of  Latin  and 
Greek  at  the  south- 
west Kansas  college. 
In  1890-92  filled  a  pas- 
torate in  the  methodist  episcopal  church; 
in  1S92-93  was  an  instructor  of  mathemat- 
ics in  the  Northwestern  university;  in  1895- 
1901  was  ])rofessor  of  ethics  and  history  of 
education  in  the  New  York  university;  in 
1901-02  was  a  lecturer  on  pedagogy  in  the 
university  of  Cincinnati;  in  1902-04  was 
principal  of  the  state  normal  school  ot 
Clarion,  Pa.;  and  has  been  vice-president, 
dean  of  the  school  of  education;  and  pro- 
fessor of  history  and  philosophy  of  educa- 
tion at  th(?  Dakota  wesleyan  university.  He 
is  the  author  oi  Christianity  as  a  Factor  in 
Civilization. 

Weiss,  George  Michael,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1()97  in  (Germany.  From  about 
1746  until  his  deatli  lie  preached  in  Old 
Goseidioppen  and  (heat  Swamp,  Pa.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  An  Account  and  Instruction 
Relating  to  the  Colony  and  Church  of  Penn- 
sylvania, Made  up  by  the  Deputies  of  tln' 
Synod  of  South  llollaiid;  and  an  Account 
of  the  Indians.  He  died  in  1762  in  Phila- 
dclpliia.  Pa. 

Weiss,  John,  clergyman,  abolitionist,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  28,  1818,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman;  and 
was  pastor  at  Watertown.  Mass.  He  was 
the  author  of  Wit,  Humor,  and  Shake- 
speare: American  Religion;  Tlie  Immortal 
Life;  and  Life  of  Tlieodore  Parker.  He 
died   March  9.  1879,  in   Boston,  Mass. 

Weiss,  Lewis,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  28,  1717,  in  Prussia.  He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  German  society  of 
Philadelphia;    and   its  president   in   1783-84. 


He  was  a  justice  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas.  He  edited  Collection  of  the  Laws  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  died  Oct.  22,  1796,  in 
Pliila(iel])hia,    Pa. 

Weiss,  Mrs.  Susan  Archer,  litterateur,  po- 
et, was  born  Feb.  14,  1835,  in  Hanover  coun- 
ty, Vi\.  She  is  a  poet  of  New  York  City 
whose  poems  were  first  collected  in  1859. 

Weisse,  Faneuil  Dunkin,  physician,  found- 
er, author,  was  born  Aug.  27,  1842,  in  Wat- 
ertown, j\lass.  In  1864  lie  graduated  from 
the  medical  department  of  the  university 
City  New  York.  In  1865-74  he  was  pro- 
fessor and  surgeon  of  pathology;  and  in 
1876-88  was  professor  of  practical  and  sur- 
gical anatomy  in  the  medical  department 
of  the  university  City  of  New  York.  Since 
1865  lie  has  also  .been  professor  of  anato- 
my, surgical  pathology  and  oral  surgery  in 
the  New  York  college  of  dentistry;  and 
since  1897  has  been  dean.  He  was  the 
founder  of  the  New  York  dermatological 
societ}\  He  is  the  author  of  Practical  Hu- 
man   Anatomy. 

Weisse,  John  Adam,  philologist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  3,  1810,  in  France.  He  came 
to  American  in  1840;  and  ten  years  later 
settled  in  New  York  City,  where  he  was 
president  of  the  New  York  philological  so- 
ciety. He  was  the  author  of  Key  to  the 
French  Language;  Origin,  Progress,  and 
Destiny  of  the  English  Language  and  Lit- 
erature; and  The  Obelisk  and  Freemason- 
rv.  He  died  Jan.  12,  1888,  in  New  York 
City. 

Weisse,  Charles  H.,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Oct.  24,  1866,  in  She- 
boygan Falls,  Wis.   He  was  educated  in  the 

public  schools.  In 
"IHS     1880  he  became  a  tan- 

t  i     ner;     and     since     his 

%       ■     father's  death  in  1897 
^.'lil  he  has  had  full  charge 

V    .  iicther    with    his    four 

'IJ^HHHHH  t)''others.  He  has  own- 
^^•^KlUlsmalm  q^  ]^ig  present  plant 
•^  jM    I     for  eighteen  years.  He 

.^^^^|B|g  has  been  chairman 
>4m^^^^^H  four  times  of  the  She- 
JB^KKl^^^  boygan  Falls  board 
of  village  trustees. 
Ill  IHO.'MI  lie  was  a  democratic  I'epresenta- 
tive  from  Wisconsin  to  the  iifty-eiglith, 
lifty-nintli.  si.xtieth  and  sixtj'-first  congress- 
es. He  is  a  member  of  the  committee  on 
invalid    pensions. 

Weitenkampf,  Frank,  litterateur,  librari- 
an, was  born  Aug.  13,  1866.  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  chief  of  tlie  shelf  depart- 
ment and  curator  ot  the  print  department 
of  tlie  New  York  public  library.  He  was 
on  the  editorial  stall'  of  tiie  Standard  dic- 
tionary; and  has  translated  Babylon  Elec- 
trified;  and   At   Susa. 

Weitzel,  Godfrey,  soldier,  was  born  Nov. 
1,  18l!5,  in  Cinciiiiiati,  Ohio.  In  1S()4  he  was 
brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers  for 
meritorious  and  distinguished  services  dur- 


634 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ing  the  civil  war.   He  died  March  19,  1884, 
in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Weissert,  Augustus  Gordon,  soldier,  law- 
yer, was  born  Aug.  7,  1844,  in  Canton,  Ohio. 
He  served  as  a  union  soldier  during  the  civ- 
il  war   in   the   eighth 
Wisconsin      volunteer 
infantry;      and      was 
brevetted  captain   for 
meritorious      conduct 
on  the  field  of  battle. 
In    1888    he    was    de- 
partment   commander 
of      the      Wisconsin 
grand  army  of  the  re- 
public;    received     the 
election       a       second 
time;    and   in   1892-93 
was      commander-in- 
chief   of   the   Grand   army   of   the   republic. 
In   1900  he   was  elector-at-largc   from   Wis- 
consin;  and  practices  h.is  profession  in  Mil- 
waukee,   Wis.    For   four    years    he   was    a 
school    commissioner    of    Milwaukee,    Wis.; 
and  was  appointed  on  the  board  of  visitors 
to   the   United   States  military  academy  in 
1904. 

Weitzel,  Mrs.  Sophie  Winthorp  Sheperd, 
litterateur,  author,  was  born  in  1840.  She 
was  the  author  of  Miss  Robert's  Fortune; 
The  Harrington  Girls;  Sister  and  Saint; 
Rcnee  of  France;  and  From  Time  to  Time, 
a  follcction  of  verse.    She  died  in  1892. 

Welborn,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Nov.  20,  IS")?,  in  Lexington,  Mo.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  War- 
reiisburg.  Mo.  He  was  a  practicing  attor- 
ney of  Lexington.  ^Nfo.  In  190.)-07  he  was 
a  representative  from  Missouri  to  the  fifty- 
ninth  congress  as  a  republican.  He  died  in 
1907    ill  Lexington,  ^lo. 

Welby,  Mrs.  Amelia  B.,  litterateur,  poet, 
was  born  Feb.  3.  1819,  in  St.  Michaels,  Md. 
She  was  the  author  of  a  volume  entitled 
Poems  by  Amelia.  She  died  May  3,  1852, 
in   Louisville.   Ky. 

Welch,  Adonijah  Strong,  lawyer,  college 
president,  L^nited  States  senator,  author, 
was  born  April  12.  1821.  in  East  Hampton, 
Conn.  In  I860  he  moved  to  Florida;  and  in 
1867-00  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
was  president  of  Iowa  agricultural  college 
in  1869-83.  He  was  the  author  of  Analysis 
of  tlie  English  Sentence;  Object  Lessons: 
Talks  on  Psvchology:  and  The  Teacher's 
Psychology.  He  died  March  1.5,  1889,  in 
Pasadena.   Cal. 

Welch,  Anthony  Cummings,  clergj^man, 
author,  was  born  April  26,  lSr)9,  in  Harrison 
county.  Ohio.  He  is  a  clergyman  of  the 
methodist  episcopal  church ;  and  now  fills 
a  pastorate  in  Chico,  Cal.  He  is  the  author 
of  Cliaracter  Photography. 

Welch,  Frank,  ongineor,  congressman,  was 
born  Feb.  10,  183;"),  in  Massachusetts.  He 
adopted  the  profession  of  engineering;  and 
in  18.57  moved  to  Nebraska.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  territorial  and  state  legislatures; 
and  in  1871-76  was  register  of  the  land  of- 


fice at  West  Point,  Neb.  In  1877-78  he  was 
a  representative  from  Nebraska  to  the  for- 
ty-fifth congress  as  a  republican.  He  died 
Sept.  4.  1S7S.  in  Xeligh,  Neb. 

Welch,  Herbert,  educator,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Nov.  7,  1862,  in 
New    York   City.    He   was   educated   in   the 

grammar  schools  of 
New  York;  at  the 
Brooklyn  collegiate 
and  polytechnic  insti- 
tute; at  Wesleyan 
university,  where  he 
received  the  degrees 
of  A.B.,  A.M.,  D.D. 
and  LL.D.  In  1887-90 
he  attended  the  Drew 
theological  seminary 
at  Madison,  N.J.,  and 
received  the  degree  of 
B.D.;  and  was  a  stu- 
dent at  Oxford  university.  In  1890-190.) 
he  filled  pastorates  in  the  methodist  epis- 
copal cluirches  of  New  Y'^ork  City,  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.,  Middletown,  Conn.,  and  Mount 
N'cnion.  N.Y.  Since  1905  he  has  been  pres- 
ident of  the  Ohio  wesleyan  university  at 
Delaware.  He  lias  been  a  member  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the  Sunday  school 
union;  a  member  of  the  board  of  managers 
of  tjie  Missionary  society;  and  in  1901-06 
was  a  trustee  of  the  W^esleyan  university. 
He    lias    edited    several    works. 

Welch,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  senator, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  Oct.  28,  1805, 
in  Harrison  countj',  Ohio.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  .senate  of  Ohio  in  1846-47. 
In  18.")l-53  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
thirty-second  congress.  He  was  a  judge  of 
tiie  court  of  common  pleas  in  1863-65;  and 
was  then  raised  to  the  supreme  bencli,  serv- 
ing tliirteen  years.  He  was  subsequently 
one  of  the  trustees  of  the  Ohio  imiversity. 
He  was  the  author  of  Mathematical  Curi- 
osities; and  Index  Digest  of  Ohio  Decisions. 
He  (lied   in  Ohio. 

Welch,  Johnson,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Sept.  1.5,  1809,  in  Harrison 
county,  Ohio.  He  became  a  clergyman  of 
tlie  presbyterian  church,  adhering  to  the 
Scotch  or  seceding  party;  and  at  the  time 
of  his  death  was  president  of  Franklin  col- 
lege. He  died  April  1,  1837,  in  Athens,  Ohio, 
Welch,  Moses  Cook,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Fi'b.  22.  1754,  in  Mansfield,  Conn. 
He  was  the  author  of  Eulogy  on  Benjamin 
Chaplin;  and  The  Addresser  Addressed,  a 
replv  to  Hon.  Zephaniah  Swift.  He  died 
April  21.  1S24.  in  ^fansfield.  Conn. 

Welch,  Philip  Henry,  journalist,  humorist, 
author,  was  born  in  1849  in  New  York.  He 
was  a  journalist  and  humorist  of  New  York 
City.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Tailor- 
^lade  Girl;  and  Said  In  Fun.  He  died  in 
1889   in  New  York  City. 

Welch,  Ransom  Bethune,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  in  1825  in  Green- 
field, N.Y.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergy- 
man ;    professor    of    Christian    theology    at 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


635 


Auburn  seminary.  He  was  the  author  of 
Faith  and  Modern  Thought;  and  Outlines 
of  Christian  Theology.  He  died  June  29, 
1890,   in  Healing   Springs,   Va. 

Welch,  William  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Connecticut.  In  1853  he  was  ap- 
pointed chief  justice  of  the  United  States 
court  for  the  territory  of  Minnesota,  where 
he  resided.    He  died  in  Minnesota. 

Welch,  William  Henry,  physician,  edu- 
cator, autlior,  was  born  April  8,  1830,  in 
Norfolk,  Conn.  He  is  a  Baltimore  physician; 
and  since  188-t  professor  of  pathology  in 
Johns  Hopkins  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  General  Pathology  of  Fever. 

Welch,  William  W.,  physician,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  10,  1818,  in  Norfolk, 
Conn.  He  was  twice  elected  to  the  house 
of  representatives,  and  twice  to  the  state 
senate  of  Connecticut, 
a    representative    from 


In   1855-.57   he   was 
Connecticut    to   the 


thirty-fourtli  congress. 

Welcher,  Adair,  author,  poet.  He  is  a 
writer  of  Berkeley,  Cal.  He  is  the  author  of 
Romor.  King  of  Norway. 

Weld,  Mrs.  Angelina  Emily,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1805,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  She  was  the  author  of  Letters 
to  Catharine  Beecher,  a  review  of  the  slav- 
erj'^  question;  Appeal  to  the  Christian  Wom- 
en of  the  South;  and  Sacred  Palmlands. 
She  died  in   1879. 

Weld,  Frank  Augustine,  educator,  lec- 
turer, college  president,  was  born  in  1858, 
in  Skowhegan,  Maine.  He  was  educated  at 
the  high  school;  attended  Bloomfield  acad- 
emy of  Skowhegan.  Maine;  and  graduated 
from  Colby  university  of  Waterville,  Maine. 
In  1889-95  he  .was  superintendent  of  city 
schools  at  Fergus  Falls,  Minn.;  and  in  1893- 
94  was  president  of  the  state  high  school 
council.  In  1895-99  he  was  superintendent 
of  the  city  scliools  at  Stillwater,  Minn.; 
in  1905-06  was  president  of  the  state  edu- 
cational association;  and  has  been  a  lec- 
turer since  1903.  Since  1899  he  has  been 
president  of  the  state  normal  school  at 
Monrhead.    ^liim. 

Weld,  Laenas  Gifford,  educator,  mathe- 
matician, autiior,  was  born  Doc.  30,  1862, 
in  Slierwood,  ^tich.   He  was  educated  at  the 

Northwestern  imiver- 
sity;  at  the  universi- 
ty of  Iowa,  where  he 
received  the  degrees 
of  B.S.  and  A.M.;  and 
studied  abroad.  Since 
1887  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  mathemat- 
ics and  astronomy  in 
the  state  university 
of  Iowa;  and  since 
1900  has  been  dean  of 
tlie  graduate  college; 
and  is  now  dean  of 
the  college  of  lil)eral  arts.  Since  1888  he 
has  been  state  superintendent  of  weights 
and  measures.  He  is  the  author  of  two  vol- 
umes on  The  'iheory  of  Determinants. 


Weld,  Horatio  Hastings,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior, was  boin  Feb.  4,  1811,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of 
Riverton,  N.J.  He  was  the  author  of  Cor- 
rected Proofs;  Life  of  Christ;  and  Women 
of  the  Scriptures.  He  died  Aug.  27,  1888, 
in  Riverton,  N.J. 

Weld,  Stephen  Minot,  soldier,  merchant, 
was  born  Jan.  4,  1842,  in  Jamaica  Plain, 
Mass.  In  1862  he  entered  the  army  as  a 
second  lieutenant  in  the  eighteenth  regi- 
ment Massachusetts  infantry;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. He  was  director  of  the  Old  colonial 
trust  company;  director  of  the  Bay  state 
trust  company;  and  director  of  the  West 
end   street   railway. 

Weld,  Theodore  Dwight,  abolitionist,  re- 
former, author,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1803,  in 
Hampton,  Conn.  He  was  a  reformer  of  Bos- 
ton; and  prominent  as  an  abolitionist.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Bible  Against  Slav- 
ery; American  Slavery  As  It  Is;  and  Slav- 
ery and  the  Internal  Slave  Trade  in  the 
United  States.  He  died  Feb.  3,  1895,  in 
Hyde  Park,  Mass. 

Welde,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  England  in  1632.  He  was  ordained 
to  the  ministry  at  Roxbury,  Mass.  He  is 
the  author  of  A  Short  History  of  the  Rise, 
Reign  and  Ruin  of  Antinomianies;  and 
Libertines  That  Infected  the  Church  of  New 
England.  He  died  March  23,  1662,  in  Eng- 
land. 

Weldon,  Charles  Dater,  illustrator,  artist, 
Avas  born  in  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in  the 
academies  of  Ohio,  London  and  Paris.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  National  academy  of 
design;  and  a  member  of  the  water  color 
societ}'. 

Weldon,  Lawrence,  lawyer,  jurist,  legisla- 
tor, was  born  in  1829  in  Muskingum  coun- 
ty, Ohio.  In  1860  he  was  elected  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  Illinois  state  legislature; 
aTid  was  also  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
republican  ticket.  In  1861-66  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  attorney  for  the  southern  dis- 
trict of  Illinois.  In  1883-1905  he  was  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  United  States  court  of 
claims.  He  died  April  10,  1905,  in  Wash- 
ington. D.C. 

Welker,  Martin,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, lieutenant-governor,  was  born  April 
25,  1819,  in  Knox  county,  Ohio.  In  1851-56 
he  was  a  judge  of  the  common  pleas  for 
tlie  sixth  district.  In  1857  he  moved  to 
Wooster.  and  was  elected  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  Ohio,  declining  a  renomination.  In 
1861  he  was  appointed  a  judge  advocate, 
with  the  rank  of  major;  and  was  soon  af- 
terwards appointed  aide  and  acting  judge 
advocate-general,  with  the  rank  of  colonel, 
under  the  governor  of  the  state.  In  1862 
he  was  an  assistant  adjutant-general,  and 
superintended  the  draft  of  the  state.  In 
1865-71  ho  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  thirty-ninth,  fortieth  and  forty-first 
congresses  as  a  republican;  and  in  1873-89 
was   United   States   district   judge    for    the 


636 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


northern  district  of  Ohio.  He  afterward  be- 
came professor  of  pohtical  science,  and  of 
constitutional  and  international  law  in 
W'ooster   university. 

Wellborn,  Marshall  Johnson,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, clergyman,  congressman,  was  born  May 
29,  1808,  in  Putnam  county,  Ga.  In  1842 
he  became  judge  of  the  Chattahoochee  cir- 
cuit. He  was  pastor  of  various  churches  in 
Georgia.  In  1849-51  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Georgia  to  tlie  thirty-iirst  con- 
gress. He  died  Oct.  10,  18/  ',  in  Columbus, 
Ga. 

Wellborn  Olin,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  June  13,  1843,  in 
Cumming,  Ga.  He  served  in  the  confed- 
erate army  throughout  the  civil  war.  He 
moved  to  Dallas,  Texas;  and  in  1879-87  he 
was  a  representative  from  Texas  to  the 
forty-sixth,  forty-seventh,  forty-eighth  and 
fortv-nintli  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In 
1895-1906  he  was  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  southern  district  of  Cali- 
fornia. 

Weller,  George,  clergyman,  autlior,  was 
horn  Nov.  15,  179(1,  in  Bcston,  Mass.  He 
was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of  Tennessee 
and  Mississippi.  He  was  tlie  author  of  Vin- 
dication of  tlic  Cliurch;  and  Tlie  Weller 
Tracts.  He  died  Nov,  9,  1841,  in  Raymond, 
Miss, 

Weller,  John  B.,  congressman,  diplomat, 
Inited  States  senator,  governor,  was  born 
in  1812  in  Oiiio.  In  1839-45  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  tlie  tweiity-sixtli, 
twenty-seventh  and  twenty-eightii  con- 
gresses; and  was  the  first  United  States 
commissioner  to  Mexico.  In  1851-.'57  he  was 
United  States  senator.  In  1858-60  he  Avas 
the  fifth  governor  of  California;  and  in 
1860  was  appointed  United  States  minister 
to  Mexico.  He  died  Aug.  7,  1875,  in  New 
Orleans,  La, 

Weller,  Luman  Hamblin,  journalist,  pub- 
lisher, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  24,  1833, 
in  Litchfield  county.  Conn.    He  is  a  lawyer 

by      profession ;      for 


Weller,  Reginald  Heber,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Xov.  6,  1857,  in  Jefferson  City, 
]\Io,    He   was   educated  at 

emv 

Fla.; 

sity 


Jl^"^^ 


twenty  years  was  a 
newspaper  editor  and 
proprietor;  and  is 
now  ])resident  of  the 
Ciiosen  fanners  of 
!  w  America,       He      has 

'  been  a  justice  of  the 

I  peace;  and  was  twice 

I     "il       ^  a    candidate    for    the 

I      ^,  ,„.,.  Iowa  state  senate.  In 

i  1881-83  he  was  a  rep- 

i ,.  resentative      to      the 

forty-eighth  congress 
from  Iowa.  Since  1900  ne  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  people's  party  national  commit- 
tee for  Iowa. 

Weller,  Walter  Scott,  journalist,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  born  Dec,  1,1857,  in  La- 
Porte,  Ind,  He  is  editor  and  i)ro])rietor  of 
The  New  Cliurch  Independent  of  Chicago, 
111,  He  is  the  author  of  Evening  Echoes; 
Idylle;  and  Among  the  Daisies. 


St.   John's  acad- 

of    Jacksonville, 

at    the    univer- 

of    the     South ; 


and  in  1884  graduated 
from  Nashotah  theo- 
logical seminary  of 
Wisconsin.  In  1880  he 
was  ordained  deacon; 
and  in  1884  was  or- 
dained priest.  H  e 
i  has    filled    pastorates 

/      JS^^         I     '"    1^^"    Claire,    Wal- 

/      jSKlm      ^1    kcsha      and      Stevens 

Point,  Wis.  In  1900 
lie  becalme  coadjutor  protestant  episcopal 
bisliop   of   Fond  du   Lac,  Wis. 

Welles,  Charles  Stuart,  physician,  author, 
poet,  was  horn  about  1860,  He  is  the  au- 
tlior of  Boheme;  Lilian;  and  The  New 
.Marriage  and  Otlier  Uniform  Laws. 

Welles,  Edward  Randolph,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Jan.  10,  1830,  in  Water- 
loo, N.Y.  He  was  consecrated  bishop  of 
Wisconsin  in  1874.  He  died  Oct.  19,  1888, 
in   Waterloo,  N.Y. 

Welles,  George  E.,  soldier,  A^as  born  in 
Oliio.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  and 
adjutant  in  the  sixty-eighth  regiment  Ohio 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  honora- 
bly mustered  out  in  1865. 

Welles,  Gideon,  journalist,  legislator,  cab- 
inet oflieer,  author,  was  born  July  1,  1802, 
in  Glastonbury,  Conn.  In  1827-35  he  was 
a  member  of  the  Connecticut  legislature; 
and  was  subsequently  appointed  comptrol- 
ler of  public  accounts.  In  1836-41  he  was 
postmaster  of  Hartford;  and  in  1842  was 
made  comptroller  of  the  state.  In  1846-49 
li(>  liad  charge  of  a  bureau  in  the  navj^  de- 
partment. In  1801-69  he  was  secretary  of 
the  navy.  He  was  the  author  of  Lincoln 
and  Seward.  He  died  Feb,  11,  1878.  in  Hart- 
ford. Conn. 

Welles,  Noah,  clergyman,  was  born  Sept. 
25,  1718,  in  Colchester,  Conn.  He  was  pas- 
tor at  Stamford  in  1846-76.  He  was  the 
author  of  Tlie  Real  Advantages  which  Min- 
isters and  Peojiie  may  Enjoy,  Especially 
in  the  Colonies,  by  Conforming  to  the 
Church  of  England;  The  Divine  Right  of 
Presbyterian  Ordination  Asserted;  and  Vin- 
dication of  the  Validity  and  Divine  Right 
of  Presbyterian  Ordination,  He  died  Dec, 
31,    1770,   in    Stamford,   Conn, 

Welles,  Thomas,  governor,  was  born  in 
1598  in  England.  In  1055  he  was  elected 
governor  of  Connecticut;  and  after  two 
years  he  returned  to  the  ofiioe  of  deputy 
governor.  He  Mas  chosen  governor  for  a 
second  tinu'  in  1058;  and  in  1059  again 
held  the  odice  of  deputy  governor.  He  died 
Jan.    14,   1060,   in  Wethersfield,  Conn, 

Wellhouse,  Frederick,  horticulturist, 
statesman,    was     born     Nov,    16,     1828,    in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


637 


Wayne  county,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  state.  He 
lias  attained  prominence  as  a  successful 
fruit  grower  of  Kansas.  In  1862-64:  he  was 
county  commissioner  of  Leavenworth  coun- 
ty, and  chairman  of  the  board.  In  1866  he 
was  elected  a  representative  to  the  Kansas 
state  legislature;  served  several  terms;  was 
on  various  important  committees;  his  last 
term  expiring  in  1891.  In  1873-88  he  was 
treasurer  of  the  Kansas  state  horticultural 
society;  and  its  president  in  1894-1904.  In 
1881-93  he  was  director  of  the  Kansas  state 
fair  association;  and  vice-president  of  the 
fair   association   in   1881-93. 

Welling,  James  Clarke,  educator,  was 
born  July  14,  1825,  in  Trenton,  N.J.  In  1884 
he  was  ai)i)ointed  a  regent  of  the  Smith- 
sonian institution.  He  was  president  of  the 
Copyright  league  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia. He  died  Sept.  4,  1894,  in  Hartford, 
Conn. 

Wellington,  Arthur  Mellen,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  2U,  1847,  in  Waltham, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Computa- 
tion of  Earthwork  from  Diagrams;  The 
Economic  Theory  of  the  Location  of  Rail- 
ways; Car-Builders'  Dictionary;  and  Field 
Work  of  Railway  Location.  He  died  May 
16,  1895,  in  New  York  City. 

Wellington,  George  Louis,  congressman. 
United  States  senatoi-,  was  born  Jan.  28, 
1852,  in  Cumberland,  Md.  He  was  appoint- 
ed treasurer  of  Alle- 
ghany county,  Md.,  in 
^i/Kj^^  K  1882,  and  served  until 

^P^^^        'y  1888;   and   was   again 

^K  appointed  in  1890.  He 

V     ^„^  ^  was     a     delegate     t  o 

the  national  repub- 
lican conventions  of 
1884  and  1888.  He 
was  appointed  assist- 
ant treasurer  of  the 
L'nited  States  at  Bal- 
timore in  1890.  In 
'"  1895-97  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fifty-fourth  congress;  and 
in  1897-1903  he  was  United  States  sena- 
tor. He  is  presidi-nt  of  two  banks;  and  has 
otiier  large  business  interests  in  Cumber- 
vhuid.    Md. 

Wellman,  Killer  Crowell,  libraiian,  bib- 
liographer, was  born  March  2,  1871,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  In  1894-96  he  was  assistant  in 
the  Boston  athenu'iun.  In  1896-98  he  was 
supervisor  of  branches  of  the  Boston  ])ul)lic 
library;  and  in  1S98-1902  was  librarian  of 
the  Brookliiie  j)ublic  library.  Since  1902 
he  has  been  librarian  of  the  city  library 
association  of  Spring(i(dd,  Mass. 

Wells,  Alexander,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1853- 
54  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  California.  He  died  Oct.  31, 
1854.    in    Sjiii    Jose,    Cal. 

Wells.  Alfred,  lawyer,  jurist,  congressman, 
was  born  May  27,  1814,  in  Dagsborough, 
Del.  In  1859-61  he  was  a  representative 
from    New    York   to    the    thirty-sixth    con- 


gress; and  also  held  the  positions  of  deputy 
clerk,  district  attorney,  and  judge  of  Tomp- 
kins county.  He  died  in  1867  in  Ithaca,  N.Y. 

WellsT^ Almond  Brown,  soldier,  was  born 
dune  16,  1842,  in  New  York.  In  1863  he 
entered  the  union  army  as  first  lieutenant; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  captain  in  1864.  In 
1866  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant 
of  the  eighth  cavalry;  became  captain  in 
1870;  and  was  made  colonel  in  1901.  In 
1903  lie  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  brig- 
adier-general in  the  United  States  army  af- 
ter a  service  of  tliirty  years. 

Wells,  Amos  Russel,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  23,  1862,  in  Glens  Falls,  N. 
Y.  In  1883-92  he  was  j^rofessor  of  Greek 
and  geology  at  Antioch  college.  Since  1892 
he  lias  been  managing  editor  of  the  Chris- 
tian Endeavor  World.  He  is  the  author  of 
forty-eight  volumes  of  fiction,  including 
Coldeii  Rule  Meditations;  Social  Evenings; 
Little  Sermons  for  One;  How  to  Play; 
Three  Years  with  the  Children;  Help  for 
the   Tempted;    and  Donald  Barton. 

Wells,  Benjamin  Willis,  educator,  critic, 
autlior,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1856,  in  Walpole, 
N.H.  He  is  the  author  of  Modern  German 
Literature;  Modern  French  Literature;  and 
A  Century  of  French  Literature. 

Wells,  Carolyn,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  Railway,  N.J.  She  is  the  author  of 
At  the  Sign  of  the  Sphinx;  The  Jingle 
Book;  The  Story  of  Betty;  Idle  Idyls;  Em- 
ma Enimins  Papers;  and  about  thirty  oth- 
er works. 

Wells,  Mrs.  Catherine  Boott,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1838  in  England.  She 
lias  contributed  largely  to  periodicals.  She 
is  t!ie  autlior  of  In  the  Clearings;  Miss 
Curtis;  Two  Modern  Women;  About  Peo- 
ple, a  collection  of  essays;  and  several 
Siinday-seliool  manuals  of  ethics  and  nor- 
mal nu'tliods. 

Wells,  Charles  William,  publisher,  author, 
was  born  ]\Iay  7,  1757,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 
Going  with  the  king's  troops  to  St.  Augus- 
tine, Fla..  he  published  the  first  weekly 
newspaper  in  that  province  in  1782.  He  re- 
ceived the  gold  and  silver  Rumford  medals 
from  the  Royal  societj'  in  1816  for  the 
celebrated  Essay  on  Dew,  which  was  his 
greatest  work. 

Wells,  Mrs.  Charlotte  Fowler,  plirenolo- 
gist,  was  born  Aug.  14,  1814.  in  Cohocton, 
S'.Y.  She  early  became  interested  in  the 
study  of  phrenology:  and  is  considered  the 
pioneer  woman  in  this  field,  having  been  for 
more  than  fifty  years  actively  engaged  in 
tJie  work.  On  the  death  of  her  iiusband  in 
1875  slie  bei-ame  owner  and  director  of  tlie 
( stablisliment,  togetlier  witli  tiie  widely 
known  Phrenological  .loiirnai;  and  is  the 
|iresident  of  the  Fowler  and  Wells  company. 
Slie  died  June  4,  1901.  in  West  Orange,  N.J. 

Wells,  Clarence  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
luini  •lune  22,  18()4,  in  Daviess  county,  Ky. 
In  1887  he  graduated  from  the  Georgetown 
college  with  the  degree  of,  A.B.;  and  stud- 
ied  law   in  the  law  department  of  the  uni- 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


versity  of  Michigan.  He  is  a  prominent 
lawyer  of  Owensboro,  Ky.;  where  he  has 
filled  several  public  positions  of  trust. 

Wells,  Clark  Henry,  naval  officer,  was 
born  JSept.  22,  1822,  in  Reading,  Pa.  He 
led  several  boat  expeditions  in  engagements 
witli  batteries  in  the  inland  coast  waters 
01  ISouth  Carolina,  Georgia  and  Florida,  and 
was  present  at  the  capture  of  Fernandina. 
He  died  Jan.  28,  1888,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
Wells,  Darius,  inventor,  was  born  April  26, 
180U,  in  Johnstown,  N.i.  In  the  manufac- 
ture of  wood  he  found  that  by  using  a 
vertical  revolving  cutter  a  more  speedy  re- 
moval of  the  superfluous  woou  could  be  ef- 
fected. This  device,  improved  by  various 
modifications,  is  known  as  the  routing  ma- 
cliine.  He  died  May  27,  1875,  in  Paterson, 
N.J. 

Wells,  Daniel,  merchant,  banker,  congress- 
man, was  born  July  6,  1808,  in  Maine.  He 
became  extensively  engaged  in  the  business 
of  banking  and  lumbering  at  Milwaukee, 
Wis.  In  1853-57  he  was  a  representative 
from  Wisconsin  to  the  thirty-third  and 
tiiirty-fourth  congresses.  He  died  in  1858 
in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Wells,  David  Ames,  journalist,  inventor, 
autlior,  was  born  June  17,  1828,  in  Spring- 
held,  Mass.  He  became  an  associate  editor 
of  the  Springfield  Kepublican;  and  while 
there  invented  a  machine  for  folding  books 
and  newspapers.  After  the  close  of  the 
civil  war  he  was  made  chairman  of  a  spe- 
cial commission  created  by  congress  to  in- 
(piire  into  the  resources  of  the  country. 
He  was  the  author  of  Familiar  Science; 
Science  of  Common  Things;  Our  ]\lerchant 
Marine;  Primer  of  Tarili"  Reform;  Prac- 
tical Economics;  Local  Taxation;  Robin- 
son Crusoe's  ]\loney;  Study  of  ISIexico;  Rc- 
vvut  Economic  Changes;  Relation  of  the 
Tariff  to  Wages;  Principles  of  Taxation; 
and  Production  and  Distribution  of  Wealth. 
He  died  Nov.  5.   1898,  in  Norwich,  Conn. 

Wells,  David  Dwight,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  April  22,  1808,  in  Norwich,  Conn. 
In  1804-96  he  was  second  secretary  of  the 
United  States  embassy  of  London.  He  was 
the  autlior  of  .Her  'Ladyship's  Elephant. 
He  (lied  in  1!)()0  in  Salisbury,  England. 

Wells,  Erastus,  railroad  president,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  2,  1823,  in  Jeffer- 
son  county,  N.Y.    He   moved  to   St.  Louis, 

_  '  -  .    ,     Mo.;    and    established 

the  first  omnibus 
line  in  that  city,  and 
the  first  street  rail- 
road company.  He 
was  for  fifteen  years 
member  of  the  city 
council;  and  was 
president  of  the  Mis- 
souri railroad  con\- 
pany.  In  1869-77  and 
1879-81  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Mis- 
souri to  the  forty- 
first,   forty-seconfl,   fcnty-third,  forty-fourth 


and    forty-sixth   congresses   as   a   democrat. 
He  died  Oct.  2,  1893,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Wells,  Ebenezer  T.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  New  York.  In  1871  he  was  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  associate  justices  of  the 
United  States  supreme  court  for  the  ter- 
ritory of  Colorado.  He  died  in  Colorado. 

Wells,  Edward  L.,  lawyer,  merchant,  au- 
tlior, was  born  on  Nov.  27,  1839,  in  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of 
the  Charleston  Light  Dragoons;  and  Hamp- 
ton and  His  Cavalry  in  '64. 

Wells,  Emmeline  Blanche,  journalist,  po- 
et, was  born  Fob.  29,  1828,  in  Petersham, 
Mass.    Since    1875   she  has   been   connected 

with  the  editorial 
H  staff  of  the  Woman's 
Exponent,  of  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah;  and 
since  1877  has  been 
its  sole  editor  and 
publisher.  She  has  at- 
tended conventions  of 
women    in     Washing- 


,,>  »^ 


>^ 


^^^^^^^  ton  and  other  places; 

igl^MBH^^^M^     presented      memorials 

called  upon  presi- 
dents and  senators 
and  inembers  of  the  house  in  the  interests 
of   Utah. 

Wells,  George  Duncan,  soldier,  was  born 
in  .Massachusetts.  In  1861  he  was  lieuten- 
ant-colonel in  tlic  first  regiment  Massachu- 
setts infantry;  and  in  1864  was  brevet- 
ted  briyadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  was 
killed  Oct.  13,  1864,  at  the  battle  of  Cedar 
Creek.  Va. 

Wells,  George  William,  physician,  author, 
was  born  June  5,  1841,  in  Tyrone,  N.Y.  He 
was  medical  director  of  the  Manhattan  life 
insurance  company.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Medical  Exaiiiiner;  and  What  He  Does 
and  Why  He  Does  It.  He  died  in  1909  in 
^lanhattan.  N.Y. 

Wells,  Guilford  Wiley,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1840,  in 
Conesus,  N.Y.  He  entered  the  war  for  the 
union  as  a  lieutenant  of  volunteers;  rose 
to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel;  and  was 
twice  wounded  and  was  brevetted  for  gal- 
lantry on  tlie  field.  In  1870  he  was  appoint- 
ed United  States  district  attorney  for  the 
northern  district  of  Mississippi;  and  was 
re-appointed  in  1874.  In  1875-77  he  was 
a  representative  from  Mississippi  to  the 
forty-fourtli   congress   as   a   republican. 

Wells,  H.  M.,  governor.  In  1896-1905  he 
was   governor   of   Utah. 

Wells,  Harry  Gideon,  pathologist,  author, 
was  born  July  21,  1875,  in  New  Haven,  Conih 
Since  1901  he  has  been  assistant  professor 
of  ])athology  at  the  university  of  Chicago 
in  Illinois.  He  is  the  author  of  Chemical 
i'atliology. 

WtUs,  Harry  Laurenz,  journalist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  March  28,  1854,  in  Geneva. 
HI.     In   1878  he  went  to  California.     He  is 


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639 


the  author  of  Popular  History  of  Oregon; 
and  Song  of  the  Bears. 

Wells,  Heber  Manning,  banker,  govern- 
or, was  born  Aug.  11,  1859,  in  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah.  He  was  recorder  in  Salt  Lake 
City  in  1882-90;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  which  framed  the 
constitution  of  Utah.  He  is  engaged  in 
banking.  In  1895-1905  he  was  governor  of 
Utah. 

Wells,  Henry,  founder,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Dec.  12,  1805,  in  New  Hampshire. 
In  1841  he  suggested  to  George  Pomeroy 
the  desirability  of  establishing  an  express 
from  Albany  to  Buffalo,  which  eventually 
became  the  firm  of  Wells,  Fargo  and  com- 
pany. He  gave  one  hundred  and  fifty  thou- 
sand dollars  to  found  and  endow  the  Wells 
female  college  of  Aurora,  N.Y.  He  died 
Dec.   10,   1878,  in  Scotland. 

Wells,  Henry  Horatio,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  legislator,  governor,  was  born  Sept- 
17,  1823,  in  Rochester,  N.Y.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Michigan  legislature  in  1854- 
56.  He  served  in  the  war  for  the  union; 
became  a  brigadier-general  by  brevet  He 
settled  in  Virginia;  and  was  the  thirtieth 
governor  in  1868.  He  was  United  States 
attorney  for  the  district  of  Virginia  in 
1869-72.  In  1875  he  entered  upon  the 
duties  of  United  States  attorney  for  the 
District  of  Columbia.  He  died"  Feb.  12, 
1900,   in  Washington,   D.C. 

Wells,  Henry  Parkhurst,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  14,  in  Providence,  R.I.  He 
was  a  lawyer  of  New  York  City.  He  was 
the  author  of  City  Boys  in  the  Woods;  Fly 
Rods  and  Fly  Tackle";  and  The  American 
Salmon  Fisherman.  He  died  in  1904  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Wells,  Hezekiah  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  1812  in  Steubenville,  Ohio.  He  was 
elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  the 
state  of  Michigan.  By  his  individual  exer- 
tions he  raised  a  regiment  of  volunteers 
during  the  civil  war.  In  1865-75  he  was 
president  of  the  state  board  of  agriculture; 
and  was  subsequently  appointed  presiding 
judge  of  the  court  of  commissioners  of  Ala- 
bama claims.  He  died  April  4,  1885,  in 
Kalamazoo,  Midi. 

Wells,  Horace,  dentist,  was  born  Jan.  21, 
1815,  in  Hartford,  Vt.  He  was  the  first  to 
employ  laugiiiiig  gas  to  destroy  pain  during 
dental  operations,  wliieh  lie  caused  to  be 
used  on  himself  successfully  in  1844.  He 
d  =  <Ml  .Ian.  24.   1848.  in  New  York  City. 

Wells,  Horace  Lemuel,  educator,  author, 
was  bom  Oct.  5,  1855,  in  New  Britain, 
Conn.  He  is  professor  of  analytical  chem- 
istry and  metallurgy-  in  the  Sheflield  scien- 
tific school  of  Yale  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  Laboratory  Ciuide  in  Qualitative 
Analysis;    and   other   works. 

Wells,  J.  C,  litterateur,  author.  He  is  a 
legal  writer  of  Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of 
Delineation  of  the  Law  of  Limitation  in 
Illinois;  My  Uncle  Toby:  his  Table  Talks 
and    Reflections;    Questions    of     Law     and 


Fact;  Treatise  on  the  Doctrines  of  Res 
Adjudicata  and  Stare  Decisis;  On  the 
Separate  Property  of  Married  Women  un- 
der the  Separate  Enabling  Acts;  E  Pluri- 
bus  Unum;  Magna  Charta,  or  the  Rise  and 
Progress  of  Constitutional  Civil  Liberty  in 
England  and  America;  The  Jurisdiction  of 
Courts;  and  Powers  and  Duties  of  Ohio 
Coiuity  Commissioners. 

Wells,  James  Madison,  governor,  was  born 
in  Louisiana.  In  1840  he  filled  the  posi- 
tion of  sheriff.  In  1864-67  he  was  the  eigh- 
teenth governor  of  Louisiana.  In  1876  he 
was  president  of  the  retiring  board  which 
gave  the  electoral  vote  of  Louisiana  to 
Hares.  He  died  Feb.  28,  1809,  in  Le  Compte, 
La. 

Wells,  James  Simpson  Chester,  educator, 
chemist,  metallurgist,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  13,  1851,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  Since 
1905  he  has  been  adjunct  professor  at  Co- 
lumbia luii versify  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Inorganic  Qualitative 
Analj'sis. 

Wells,  John,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1770  in  Cherry  Valley,  N.Y.  In 
1851-53  he  w-as  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  thirty-second  congress.  He  died 
Sept.  7,  1853,  in  Brookljii,  N.Y. 

Wells,  John,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1866-75 
he  was  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Mas- 
sachusetts. He  died  in  1875  in  Massachu- 
setts. 

Wells,  John  Doane,  physician,  surgeon, 
lecturer,  was  born  in  Boston,  IMass.  He  at- 
tained success  as  one  of  the  foremost  phy- 
sicians and  surgeons 
of  New  EnglJfnd.  In 
1826  he  was  appoint- 
ed professor  of  anat- 
omy and  phj-siologj- 
in  the  Berkshire  Med- 
ical school;  and  three 
years  later  was  elect- 
ed to  the  anatomical 
chair  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Maryland.  He 
also  became  a  noted 
and  popular  lecturer; 
and  was  earnest  and 
enthusiastic  in  his  devotion  to  science.  He 
(lied  in  the  summer  of  1830  in  Maryland. 

Wells,  John  Sullivan,  lawyer.  United 
Slates  senator,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1803,  in 
Durham,  N.H.  He  was  president  of  tlie 
state  senate  in  1852-53;  and  also  attorney 
general  of  the  state  in  1847.  In  1853-55  he 
was  I'nited  States  senator  from  New  llainp- 
sliirc  to  till  a  vacancy.  He  died  Aug.  1, 
1800,  in  Exeter,  N.H. 

Wells,  Owen  A.,  agriculturist,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  4.  1844.  in  Cat- 
skill,  N.Y.  He  was  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue for  the  third  Wisconsin  district  under 
<; rover  Cleveland  for  two  years.  In  1893-95 
he  was  a  representative  "to  the  fifty-third 
congress  as  a  democrat. 

Wells,  Lemuel  Henry,  soldier,  clergyman, 
liishop,  was  born  Dec.  3,   1841,  in   Yonkers, 


640 


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N.Y.     He   left   Trinity   college   to    join    the 

army  as  a  lieutenant 
of  a  company  in  Wis- 
consin during  the  civ- 
il war.  He  subse- 
q  u  e  n  t  1  y  graduated 
from  Hobart  college ; 
and  also  graduated 
from  the  Berkeley  di- 
vinity school  of  Mid- 
dletown,  Conn.  He 
was  rector  of  Trinity 
chapel  of  New  Haven, 
( 'onn. ;  and  was  rec- 
tor of  St.  Paul's 
church  of  Walla  Walla,  Wash.  In  1SS4-89 
he  was  rector  of  St.  Luke's  church  of  Ta- 
coraa.  Wash.;  and  then  in  1889-02  was  rec- 
tor of  Trinity  church  of  Tacoma,  which  he 
liad  himself  founded.  In  1892  he  was  con- 
secrated bishop  of  the  protestant  ep'scopal 
church  of  S])okinie. 

Wells,  Philip  Patterson,  lawyer,  librarian, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  5,  1868,  in  Grand 
Ra])ids.  Mich.  In  1894  he  began  the  practice 
of  law  in  New  Haven,  Conn.;  and  since 
1896  has  been  librarian  of  Yale  law  school. 
Since  1902  he  has  been  lecturer  in  history 
at  Yale  university.  He  is  the  author  of  An- 
notated Titles  of  Books  on  Englisli  and 
American  Historv;   and  other  works. 

Wells,  Robert  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1826- 
36  he  was  attorney-general  of  Missouri.  He 
was  for  nearly  thirty  years  district  judge 
of  the  United  States  court  for  the  district 
of  Missouri;  and  his  decisions  were  always 
respected  by  the  supreme  court  of  the  Unit- 
ed States.  He  died  Sept.  22,  1864,  in  Bowl- 
ing Green.  Ky. 

Wellsi,  Roger  Clark,  geologist,  nutlior,  was 
born  on  Oct.  24,  1877,  in  Peterboro,  N.i*. 
He  received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  Ph.D. 
from  Harvard  university.  Since  1908  he 
liiis  been  physical  chemist  in  the  United 
States  geological  survey.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Analysis  of  INIinerals  and  other  mon- 
ograi)hs. 

Wells,  Rolla,  business  man.  public  offi- 
cial, was  born  in  1856  in  St.  Louis.  Mo.  In 
1879-83  he  was  general  manager  of  a  street 
corporation;  and  was  identified  with  vari- 
ous l)usiness  enterprises  until  1893.  In  1901- 
().")   he  was  mayor  of  St.  Louis,   j\lo. 

Wells,  Samuel,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  Aug.  15,  1801,  in 
Durliam,  N.H.  In  1847-54  he  was  associate 
justice  of  the  su])reme  court  of  'Maine.  He 
was  the  fifteenth  governor  of  Maine  in  1856- 
57.  He  died  July  15,  1868,  in  Boston,  T\lass. 
Wells,  Samuel  Roberts,  ])hrenologist.  au- 
tlidr,  was  born  Ajiril  4.  1820.  in  West  Hart- 
ford. Conn.  He  was  a  plirenologist  of  New 
York  City;  and  long  a  member  of  the  pub- 
lishing house  of  Fowler  and  Wells.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  New  Physiognomy;  and 
Wedlock,  or  the  Bight  Relations  of  the 
Sexes,  lie  died  April  13.  1875,  in  New  York 
City. 


Wells,  Thomas,  lawyer,,  jurist.  In  1778- 
80  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Rhode  Island. 

Wells,  Walter,  educator,  author,''was  born 
November,  1830,  in  Salisbury,  N.H.  In  1807 
he  was  appointed  to  the  hydrographic  sur- 
vey of  Maine;  and  he  published  in  connec- 
tion with  that  work  The  Water-Power  of 
Maine.  He  died  April  21,  1881,  in  Port- 
land. ^Nlaine. 

Wells,  Walter  Augustine,  physician,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  March  6,  1870,  in  Baklens- 
i)urg,  INId.    He  was  educated  at  Baldcnsburg 

academy ;  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  Wash- 
ington, D.C.;  in  the 
George  W^ashington 
university;  in  1891 
graduated  as  M.D. 
from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  George- 
town university:  and 
did  p  0  s  t-gradua^e 
medical  work  in  the 
Chicago  polytechnic 
institute  and  in  the 
university  of  Vienna. 
Since  1895  he  has  practiced  medicine  in 
Washington,  U.C.  He  is  professor  of  laryn- 
gology and  otology  at  the  university  of 
(Jeorgetown,  D.C. ;  surgeon  to  the  Garfield 
hospital;  and  attending  phj'sician  to  the 
episcopal  and  Georgetown  university  hos- 
pitals. He  is  on  the  editorial  staff  of  the 
l^aryngoscope.  He  is  the  author  of- Thesau- 
rus of  Medical  Words  and  Phrases. 

Wells,  Webster,  educator,  mathematician, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1851,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  professor  of  mathematics  in 
the  Massachusetts  institute  of  technology. 
He  is  the  autlior  of  Elementary  Treatise  on 
Logarithms;  Iniversity  Algebra;  Plane  and 
Spherical  Trigonometry;  Academic  Alge- 
bra; Elements  of  Geometry;  Higher  Alge- 
bra; Essentials  of  Trigonometry;  Four 
Place  Tables;  College  Algebra;  Academic 
Arithmetic;  Revised  Plane  and  Spherical 
Trigonometry;  Six  Place  Tables;  Essentials 
of  Algebra;  Essentials  of  Plane  and  Solid 
Geometry;  New  Higher  Algebra;  Complete 
Trigonometry;  New  Four  Place  Tables;  and 
Advanced   Course  in  Algebra. 

Wells,  William,  soldier,  was  born  about 
1770,  in  Kentucky.  When  he  was  twelve 
years  of  age  he  was  taken  captive  by  the 
iMiami  Indians;  and  lived  with  the  Indians 
until  17!tO.  Realizing  that  he  was  fighting 
against  his  own  kindred,  he  set  out  for  Gen- 
eral Anthony  Wayne's  army,  and  was  made 
captain  of  a  company  of  scouts.  He  was 
subsetpiently  Imlian  agent  and  justice  of 
the  j)eace  near  Fort  Wayne,  Tiid.  When  he 
was  informed  in  1812  that  Fort  Dearborn 
was  to  be  evacuated,  he  set  out  with  thirty 
friendly  Miami  Indians  as  a  body  guard 
for  the  i)eople  on  their  route  from  Chicago 
to  Fort  Wayne.    He  arrived  too  late  to  pre- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


641 


vent  its  evacuation,  whicli  he  was  certain 
would  result  in  a  massacre.  Before  they 
had  gone  two  mill's,  li\e  hundred  Indians 
sprang  from  ambusii,  and  massacred  them 
all.  lie  died  Aug.  15,  1812,  in  Chicago,  111. 
Wells,  William,  soldier,  state  senator,  was 
born  Dee.  14,  18;i7,  in  Waterbury,  Vt.  He 
was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  ',  olun- 
teers  in  1805;  and  was  subsequently  bre- 
vetted major-general.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  of  Vermont  in  18(55-60;  in- 
spector-general of  the  state  in  1860-72;  and 
state  senator  in  1880-87.  He  died  April  29, 
1892.  in  New  York  City. 

Wells,  William  Barton,  real  estate  broker, 
was  born  t)ct.  22,  1847,  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio. 
In  1893  lie  entered  the  real  estate  business 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  was  one  of  the  incor- 
porators of  the  Lincoln  real  estate  and 
building  company;  and  in  1899  became  man- 
ager and  later  vice-president  and  general 
manager.  He  was  one  of  the  directors  of 
the  i.ou'siana  purcliase  exposition  company. 
Wells,  William  Harvey,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  27.  1812,  in  Tolland,  Conn. 
He  was  an  educator  of  Chicago;  and  super- 
intendent of  the  city  public  schools  in 
1856-04.  He  was  the  author  of  Historical 
Autiiorship  of  English  Grammar;  and  sev- 
eral popular  text-books  on  English  Gram- 
mar. He  died  Jan.  21,  1885,  in  Chicago.  HI. 
Wells,  William  Hill,  United  States  sena- 
tor, was  born  about  1760,  in  Peinisvlvania. 
In  1799-1805  and  1813-17  he  was*  United 
States  senator  from  Delaware.  He  died 
March    11.    1X29.  in   Millsborough,  Del. 

Wells,  William  Hughes,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  v.^s  born  A])ril  14.  1859,  in 
West  Philndelpiiia,  Fa.  Since  1898  h'^  has 
l)racticed  his  profession  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Compend  of 
CJynecologA'. 

Wells,  William  Vincent,  navigator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  2,  1820.  in  Boston,  [Mass.  He 
went  to  California  in  1849,  where  he  built 
and  commanded  the  first  steam  boat  in  that 
state.  He  is  the  author  of  Explorations  in 
Honduras:  Walker's  Expedition  to  Nicara- 
gua; and  Life  of  Samuel  Adams.  He  died 
in   San    Francisco.   Cal. 

Wellstood,  James,  engraver,  artist,  was 
born  Nov.  20,  1855.  in  Jersey  City,  N.J. 
His  prijicipal  plates  were  The  Pointer;  and 
Safe  in  Port,  after  Thomas  Moran.  11"  died 
March    14.    1880.  in  J.-rsey  City.  N.J. 

Wellstood,  John  Geikie,  engraver,  found- 
er, wa-i  born  Jan.  18.  1813.  in  Scotland.  In 
1871  he  founded  the  Coluinbiaii  iKink-note 
company  in  Washington,  D.C.  While  he 
was  president  of  this  com|)any  he  modeled 
and  partially  engraved  the  backs  of  all  the 
I'nited  States  trensury-notes.  He  died  Jan. 
21,   1S93.  in  (irrenwich.  Conn. 

Wellstood,  William,  engraver,  publisher, 
was  born  Dec.  19.  1819,  in  Scotland  Me 
came  to  America  in  1830;  was  employed 
by  the  Western  .Methodist  book  concern'  in 
.  1840-74;  and  by  various  other  firms  in  New 
York.     Among   his   plates,  executed   in   the 


line  manner,  are  portraits  of  Florence 
Nightingale,  L'lysses  S.  Grant,  and  Henry 
W.  Longfellow,  the  laiier  after  Alonzo 
Chai)i)ei.  and  the  landscape.  Coast  of  Mount 
Dcsm.  He  died  in  1900  m  Brooklyn,  N.V. 
Welsh,  Alfred  Hix,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  7,  1850,  in  Fostoria,  Ohio.  He 
was  a  professor  of  English  in  Ohio  state 
university  in  1885-89.  He  was  the  author  of 
Development  of  English  Literature  and 
Language;  English  Literature  in  the  Eigh- 
teenth Century;  The  Conliict  of  Ages;  Man 
antl  His  Kelations;  and  Plane  Trigono- 
metry. He  died  in  1889  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 
Welsh,  Charles,  publisher,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  22,  1850,  in  England.  He  is  the 
author  of  Publishing  a  Book;  A  Bookseller 
of  the  Last  Century;  A  Tale  of  Two  Ter- 
riers ;   and  many  other  works. 

Welsh,  Herbert,  reformer,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  4,  1851,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
is  prominent  as  a  champion  of  the  rights 
of  the  Indians;  was  one  of  the  organizers, 
and  since  1882  secretary  of  the  Indian  rights 
association.  He  is  the  author  of  Civiliza- 
tion Among  the  Sioux  Indians;  Four  Weeks 
Among  Some  of  the  Sioux  Tribes;  and  A 
Visit  to  the  Navajo,  Pueblo  and  Hualpais 
Indians. 

Welsh,  John,  merchant,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Nov.  9,  1805,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  active  in  meas- 
ures of  relief,  and  in  1804  became  president 
of  the  executive  committee  of  the  sanitary 
lair,  which  disbursed  over  one  million  dol- 
lars for  the  use  of  army  hospitals  and  am- 
bulances. He  was  president  of  centennial 
i)oard  of  finance,  to  which  he  was  elected  in 
1873.  In  1878-80  he  was  minister  to  Eng- 
land, and  many  foreign  decorations  were 
given  him  for  courtesies  that  he  extended 
during  centennial  exhibition.  He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  tlie  Episcopal  hospital  of 
Pliihuh'lpiiia.  Pa.  ^le  died  April  10,  1880, 
ill    Piiiladeiphia,  Pa. 

Welsh,  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born  IMay  5, 
1824.  in  Columbia.  Pa.  He  cominanded  a 
liiigade  at  South  Mountain  ami  Antietam. 
At  Fredericksburg  he  won  promotion  by 
his  services  on  the  right  center,  be'ng  com- 
missioned as  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers in  1863.  He  died  Aug.  14.  1863,  in 
(  incinnati,    Ohio. 

Welsh,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1684 
he  was  elected  an  associate  justice  ">f  the 
supreme    court    of    Pennsylvania. 

Welsh  William,  journalist,  author,  phil- 
anlhropisl,  was  born  about  1810  in  Pliila- 
(hdpliia.  For  several  years  he  was  proprie- 
tor of  the  North  American  and  the  Phila- 
delphia (Jazette,  wliich  lie  had  piirehased  in 
order  to  elevate  the  morals  of  the  daily 
press.  He  was  the  author  of  Liiy  Co-opera- 
tion in  St.  Mark's  Church;  and  Letters  on 
the  Home  Missionaiy  Work  of  the  Protes- 
tant ICjiiscopal  Church.  He  died  Feb.  li, 
1S78.    in    I'iiilad.'lpjiia.    Pa. 

Welsh,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ohio. 
In    1862-65  he  served  in  the  civil   war;   and 


642 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


in  18G5  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  in   1871. 

Wemple,  Edward,  manufacturer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Oct.  23, 
1843,  in  Fultonville,  N.Y.  He  was  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  New  York  state  legisla- 
ture in  1877-78;  and  is  the  president  of  the 
Fultonville  and  Fonda  street  railroad  com- 
pany. In  1883-85  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  forty-eiglith  congress 
as  a  democrat.  In  1886-87  he  served  as 
state  senator;  and  was  state  comptroller  in 
1888-91. 

Welty,  Edwin  Arthur,  financier,  poet,  was 

born   Dec.    5,    1853,   in   Canal   Dover,    Ohio. 

At   the   age   of   eiglfteen   Edwin  crossed  the 

-  plains   and    spent   six 

?         \m-^-JMBHIB    months   in  the   Rocky 


Mountains;  and  af- 
terward engaged  iu 
the  attack  and  mas- 
sacre of  Major  Thorn- 
burg's  connnand.  He 
settled  into  business 
life  as  broker  in  Ore- 
gon, Mo.  In  1888  he 
-  TH^    ^^'^s  a  delegate  to  tlie 

^M  \^  .  mtm    national        republican 

9Il  -J'       ^^t^Km    convention    at    Chica- 
~  go.    He   is  the  author 

of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  The  Hollow 
Uak;  and  liordcr  Ballads  and  Forest  Leg- 
ends. 

Wemyss,     Francis     Courtney,     theatrical 
manager,    author,    was    born   May    13,    1797, 


'^*Hi>- 


1^ 


I 


m  i>.ngiana.  He  was  a  theatrical  manager 
of  New  York  City.  He  was  the  author  of 
Ciironology  of  the  American  Stage  in  1752- 
1852.  He  died  Jan.  5,  1859,  in  New  York 
C  ty. 

Wenckebach,  Carla,  educator,  author,  was 
lioni  Feb.  14,  1853,  in  Cermany.  She  at- 
tended   the    girls'    high    school;    the    normal 

j._--,._.^_= „.   ;     school     at     Hanover; 

and  studied  in  the 
universities  of  Zurich 
and  Leipsig.  In  1883- 
85  she  was  an  in- 
structor of  German 
at  Wellesley  college; 
and  in  1895  became 
professor  of  German. 
She  was  the  author 
of  Deutsche  Gram- 
matik;  and  otlier 
works  in  German ; 
and  German  Compo- 
(Uod  in  1902  in  Wellcsley,  Mass. 
Barrett,  educator,  author,  was 
23,  1855,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In 
was  assistant  professor  of  Eng- 
lish at  Ilaivard  university;  and  since  1898 
])rofessor  of  Englisli  in  that  institution. 
He  is  tlie  autlior  of  The  Duchess  Emilia,  a 
romance;  KankcH's  Iloinains,  a  novel;  Life 
of  Cotton  -Matlier;  English  Composition; 
SteJIigeri,  and  Otlier  J'.ssays  concerning 
America;    ^\■illialll   Shakespeare,  a  Study  in 


s  tion.    Slu' 

Wendell, 

born    Aug. 

1888-9S    lie 


Elizabethan  Literature;  Raleigh  in  Guiana, 
a  play;  and  a  Literary  History  of  America. 

Wendell,  John  Lansing,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  2,  1785,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  For 
many  years  he  was  reporter  of  the  New 
York  supreme  court.  He  Avas  tlie  author  of 
Law  Reports  of  New  York  During  1828-41, 
in  twenty-six  volumes;  and  Digest  of  the 
Supreme  Court  Reports  During  1828-35.  He 
died   Dec.    13,    1861,   in   Hartford,   Conn. 

Wendling,  George  Reuben,  lecturer,  law- 
yer, autlior,  was  born  Jan.  15,  1845,  in  Shel- 
by ville,  111.  In  1867-80  he  practiced  law; 
and  in  since  1880  has  lectured  on  popular 
subjects.  He  is  the  author  of  Wendling's 
Index  to  Illinois  Reports;  and  The  Man 
of    Galilee. 

Wendover,  Peter  H.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  New  York.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  state  assembly  from  the 
city  of  New  York  in  1804.  In  1815-21  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
the  fourteenth,  fifteenth  and  sixteenth  con- 
gresses.   He  died  in  New  York. 

Wendt,  Julia  Bracken,  designer,  sculptor, 
was  born  June  10,  1871,  in  Apple  River,  111. 
She  designed  the  Statue  of  Illinois  Welcom- 
ing the  Nations,  presented  to  the  state  of 
Illinois  by  the  Woman's  exposition  board; 
and  in  1905  received  the  first  prize  for 
sculpture  from  the  Municipal  art  league  of 
Chicago,  111. 

Wendte,  Charles  W.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  June  11,  1844,  in  Boston,  Mass. 
In  1858-66  he  was  engaged  in  commercial 
life  in  Boston  and  San  Francisco.  Since 
1905  he  has  filled  a  pastorate  in  Brighton, 
Mass.  In  1871  he  founded  the  Chicago 
atliena-uni;  and  has  lectured  on  literature, 
art  and  reform.  He  is  the  author  of  Memoir 
of  Reverend  Charles  T.  Brooks;  The  Carol; 
.lubilate    Deo:    and    other    works.  ^ 

Wenley,  Robert  Mark,  educator,  author, 
was  born  July  19,  1861,  in  Edinburgh,  Scot- 
land.    Since   1896  he  has  been  head  of  the 

philosophical  depart- 
ment in  the  universi- 
ty of  Michigan.  He 
^     ,*Bt  ■^BB^^  i^  ^^'^  author  of  Soc- 

jtt^  W^       ""  rates  and  Chri.st ;  As- 

\1^  ])ects    of    Pessimism; 

iHl^        ^  University    Extension 

^^^'^      ^  ^lovement    in    S  c  o  t- 

jfcPj^^ft^  land ;  Contemporary 
^^^^K/m     Theology      and     The- 

■H^HHIHHR     tion   for    Christianity 

in  the  Ancient  World. 
Wenneker,  Charles  Frederick,  merchant, 
founder,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1853,  in  St.  Lou- 
is, IMo.  For  twenty-three  years  he  was  em- 
ployed in  a  candy  firm;  and  in  1891  organ- 
ized the  ^^'enneker-]\Iorris  candy  company, 
of  which  he  is  still  president.  "  In  1889-92 
he  was  United  States  collector  of  internal 
revenue  at  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  and  in  1897- 
1901   was  city  collector  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


643 


Wentworth,  Benning,  governor,  pliil- 
antliropist,  was  born  July  24,  1696,  in 
Portsmouth,  N.H.  He  was  governor  of  New 
liampsliire  for  over  twenty  years,  from 
1741-67.  He  gave  five  hundred  acres  of  laud 
for  the  founding  of  Dartmouth  college.  The 
town  of  Bennington,  Vt.,  was  named  in  his 
lionor.  He  died  Oct.  14,  1770,  in  Portsmouth, 
N.H. 

Wentworth,  Franklin  Harcourt,  journal- 
ist, lecturer,  author,  was  born  March  27, 
1866,  in  Chicago,  HI.  In  1882-93  he  was  in 
the  service  of  the  Illinois  Central  railroad. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Pride  of  Intellect; 
and  Forgiiigs  of  the  New. 

Wentworth,  George  Albert,  author,  edu- 
cator, was  born  July  31,  1835,  in  Wakefield, 
N.H.      He    was    fitted    for    college    at    the 

Philips  Exeter  acad- 
emy, and  in  18-58 
graduated  from  Har- 
■  "  jK  '  vard      college.        For 

-^B  _     •        tliirty-three  years   he 

,^K  --    'y*  was    professor    of 

-  .  .         mathematics     in     the 

h"',.  Philips    Exeter    acad- 

*■•  emy,     resigning     that 

1^^  position  in  1891.  He 
jtfPg^  ^^'^^  b(^^^  known  as 
9M9  the  author  of  a  series 
^^H  of  text  books  in 
^^^  mathematics,  w  h  i  c  h 
lire  used  in  tlie  public  schools  and  colleges 
of  every  state  and  territory  of  the  United 
States;  and  are  also  extensively  used  in 
Japan,  Ihitish  India,  Canada  and  other 
countries  where  the  English  language  is 
taught.  He  died  May  24,  1906,  in  Exeter, 
N.H. 

Wentworth,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  lieuten- 
ant-governor, was  born  Jan.  16,  1671,  in 
I'ortsmouth,  N.H.  In  1711  he  was  councilor 
of  New  Hainpsliire;  justice  of  the  court  of 
coinnion  [ilca.s  in  1713;  and  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor in  1717-30.  He  died  Dec.  12,  1730,  in 
I'ortsnioutli,  N.H. 

Wentworth,  John,  legislator,  jurist,  was 
born  March  30,  1719,  in  Dover,  N.H.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  New  Hampshire  legis- 
lature in  1768-7."),  serving  as  speaker  in  1771. 
In  1773  lie  became  chief  justice  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas;  and  in  1776  was  one  of 
till'  jniigfs  of  the  supreme  court.  In  1774- 
lie  was  president  of  the  first  revolutionary 
convention  in  E.xeter,  N.H.  He  died  :May 
17.   17s|,  ill  Soiiieiswortli,  N.Il. 

Wentworth,  John,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  Aug.  9,  1737,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  He 
was  the  last  royal  governor  of  New  Hamii- 
sliire  in  1767-7.").  Tlie  records  show  that 
lleiijamin  W'entuorth  was  governor  in  1767- 
74.     lie  (lied  Ai.iil  8,  1820,  in  Nova  Scotia. 

Wentworth,  John,  lawj-er,  state  senator, 
loiigres.sman.  was  born  July  17,  1745,  in 
SoniersN  ille.  N.H.  He  was  register  of  pro- 
bate, which  ollice  he  held  until  his  death, 
lie  was  a  representative  to  the  New  Hamp- 
shire state  legislature  in   1776-80.     In  1778- 


79  he  was  a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire 
to  the  continental  congress;  and  was  one 
of  the  signers  of  the  articles  of  confeder- 
ation. He  was  a  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1-784-87;  and  was  an  active  member 
of  the  committee  of  safety  during  the  rev- 
olution. He  died  Jan.  10,  1787,  in  Dover, 
N.H. 

Wentworth,  John,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  in  1768,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  He  was 
appointed  attorney-general  of  Prince  Ed- 
ward Island,  and  removed  to  Portsmouth, 
where  he  married  Martha  Wentworth.  In 
1816  he  returned  to  Europe.  He  was  the 
author  of  a  System  of  Pleading,  in  ten  vol- 
unu>s.    He  died  in  1816,  in  France. 

Wentworth,  John,  journalist,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  5,  1815,  in  Sand- 
wich, N.H.  He  was  among  the  first  who 
took  an  interest  in  securing  a  city  charter 
for  Chicago.  In  1843-51,  1853-55  and  1865- 
67  he  was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to 
the  twenty-eighth,  twenty-ninth,  thirtieth, 
thuty-first,  thirty-third  and  thirty-ninth 
congresses;  He  gave -ten  thousand  dollars 
to  Dartmouth  college.  He  died  Oct.  16,  1888, 
in    Ciiicago,   111. 

Wentworth,  Joshua,  soldier,  state  senator, 
was  born  in  1742,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H.  He 
was  colonel  of  the  first  New  Hampshire 
regiment  in  1776.  He  was  elected  to  the  leg- 
islature; and  served  four  years  as  state  sen- 
ator. He  died  Oct.  19,  1809,  in  Portsmouth, 
N.H. 

Wentworth,  Mark  Fernald,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Maine.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  twenty-seventh  regiment 
.Maine  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
July  12.  1897. 

Wentworth,  Moses  J.,  lawyer,  capitalist, 
state  legislator,  was  born  May  9,  1848,  in 
Sandwich,  N.H.  Becoming  sole  trustee  of 
the  large  estate  of  his  uncle,  John  VVent- 
worth,  he  did  not  practice  his  profession, 
but  devoted  his  time  to  the  care  of  prop- 
erty. He  was  elected  a  member  of  i..e  twen- 
ty-ninth, thirtieth  anct-  thirty-first  general 
assemblies  of  the  state  of  Illinois.  He  died 
ill   Chicago.  111. 

Wentworth,  Tappan,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  24,  1802,  in  Do- 
ver, N.H.  He  was  president  ot  the  com- 
mon council  of  Lowell  in  1842;  served  four 
years  in  the  state  senate;  and  eight  years 
in  the  lower  liouse  of  the  legislature.  In 
185.5-55  he  was  a  representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts to  the  thirty-third  congress.  He 
died  .lune  12,   1875.  in  Boston.  Mass. 

Wentworth,  William,  colonist,  was  born 
ill  1615.  in  Kiiglaiid.  In  1689  he  was  in- 
strunu'iital  in  saving  a  garrison  from  de- 
struction by  the  Indians.  All  the  Went- 
woitlis  in  llie  United  States  are  said  to 
have  descended  from  liim.  He  died  March 
16.    1697,   in   Dover,  N.H. 

Wenzel,  John,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
(»cl.  30,  1869,  in  Marlboro,  Mass.  For 
seven   years   he   was   assistant   librarian   of 


644 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Boston  university;  and  since  1894  be  has 
been  trustee  of  the  Ashland  public  library 
of  Massachusetts.  He  practices  law  in  Bos- 
ton. He  is  the  author  of  The  Comparative 
View   of   Governments. 

Wenzell,  Henry  Burleigh,  lawyer,  supreme 
court  reporter,  author,  vi'as  born  April  21, 
1853,  in  Newton,  Mass.  Since  1895  be^bas 
been  reporter  for  the  supreme  court  of  Min- 
nesota at  St.  Paul.  He  is  the  comp  ler  of 
the  General  Statutes  of  Minnesota  for  1894; 
and   of   Minnesota   Reports. 

Werden,  Elias,  poet,  was  born  April  2G, 
181(J,  in  New  .Marlboro,  Mass.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  volume  entitled  Sketches  in 
Prose   and   Verse. 

Warden,  Reed,  naval  officer,  was  born  Feb. 
28,  1818,  in  Delaware  county.  Pa.  During 
the  Mexican  war  in  1847-48  he  commanded 
a  detachment  of  men  in  tlie  expeditions 
against  Tuspan  and  Tampico.  He  was 
commissioned  a  captain  in  1871;  was  a 
rear-admiral  in  1875;  and  commander-in- 
chief  of  the  South  Pacitic  station  in  1875- 
76.  He  died  July  13.  1886,  in  Newport,  R.I. 
Wereat,  John,  patriot,  congressman,  colon- 
ial governor,  was  born  about  1730.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  provincial  congress  of 
Georgia  in  1775;  and  its  speaker  in  1776. 
He  was  colonial  governor  of  Georgia  in 
1778-79.  He  died  in  1798  in  Bryan  coun- 
ty. <^'a. 

Werner,  William  E.,  hnvyer,  jurist,  was 
born  April  19,  1855,  in  Bullalo,  N.Y.  In 
1895-19UU  lie  was  justice  of  tlie  state  su- 
preme court;  and  since  1900  has  been  judge 
of  tlie  court  of  appeals  of  New  York. 

Wernick,  Emil  V.,  educator,  businessman, 
was  born  Feb.  14,  1863,  in  Windsor,  Wis. 
He  received  his  education  af  tlie  state  nor- 
mal school  of  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  and  graduated 
from  a  full  course  in  1882.  For  seven 
years  he  was  principal  of  the  Hillsboro 
high  school ;  and  is  now  president  of  the 
board  of  education  of  that  city.  For  three 
years  he  was  a  member  of  the  county  board 
of  supervisors,  and  is  now  president  of  the 
board  of  trustees  of  Vernon  county  insane 
asylum. 

Wernag,  Lewis,  civil  engineer,  builder, 
was  born  Dec.  4,  1769,  in  Germany.  In 
1810  he  erected  a  bridge  across  Neshaminy 
creek,  on  the  road  between  Philadelphia 
and  New  York.  One  of  his  bridges  of  wood 
was  built  across  the  Schuylkill  ri\cr  in 
1812  at  Philadelphia.  This  structure  was 
known  as  the  Colossus  of  Fairmount.  He 
died  Aug.  12,  1843,  in  Harper's  Ferry,  Va. 
Wert,  J.  Howard,  educator,  poet.  He  is 
an  educator  of  Harrisburg.  Pa.  He  is  the 
author  of  Poems  of  Camp  and  Heartli. 

Wertmuller,  Adolph  Ulric,  painter,  artist, 
li(ini  in  1751  in  Sweden.  Among  his  por- 
traits are  those  of  Gustavus  111  and  his 
queen,  and  Gustavus  IV.  His  Marie  An- 
toinette and  her  Children  is  in  the  mu- 
seum at  Stockholm.  He  dit'd  Oct.  5.  1811, 
near  Marcus  llook,  Pa. 


Werts,  George  Theodore,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  jurist,  governor,  was  born  March 
24,  1846,  in  Hackettstown,  N.J.  In  1883- 
85  he  was  recorder  of  Morristown,  N.J. ; 
and  in  1886-92  was  mayor  of  that  city.  He 
served  six  months  in  the  New  Jersey  state 
senate;  and  in  1892-93  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  state  supreme  court  of  New 
Jersey.  In  1893-96  he  was  the  twenty- 
eighth  governor  of  New  Jersev. 

Wesley,  John,  philanthropist,  founder,  was 
born  June  17,  1703,  in  England.  He  was 
the  founder  of  methodism.  In  1738  he 
laid  the  foundation  of  the  first  methodist 
chapel  in  the  world  at  Bristol.  He  died 
Feb.    23,    1791. 

Wesselhoeft,  Conrad,  physician,  author, 
was  born  March  23,  1834,  in  Germany.  He 
was  professor  of  pathology  and  therapeu- 
tics in  Boston  university  school  of  medi- 
cine. He  Avas  the  author  of  The  Law  of 
Similars.  He  died  in  1904  in  Boston,  Mass. 
We&selhoeft,  Mrs.  Lily  Foster,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  20,  1840,  in  Dorchester,  Mass. 
She  is  a  Boston  writer  of  popular  juvenile 
tales.  She  is  the  author  of  Jerry  the  Blun- 
derer; Sparrow  the  Tramp;  Flipwing  tlie 
Spy;  Old  Rough  the  Miser;  The  Winds, 
tlie  Woods,  and  the  Wanderer;  Frowzle. 
the  Runaway;  and  Diamond  King  and  the 
Little    .Man    in    (Jrey. 

Wessells,  Henry  Walton,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  20,  1809.  in  Litchfield,  Conn.  In  1833 
he  griuluatcd  from  West  I'oint;  served  in 
1l!e  Seminole,  Mexican  and  civil  wars;  and 
attained  the  brevet  of  brigadier-general  in 
the  United  States  army.  In  1864  he  was 
gfciieral  in  comuiand  at  Plymouth,  N.C.  He 
(lied    .Ian.    12.    lSS!t.    in    Dover,   Del. 

Wessells,  Henry  Walton,  soldier,  was 
born  Dec.  24,  1846,  in  Sacketts  Harbor,  N. 
Y.  In  1865  he  was  a  private  soldier  in 
the  seventh  regiment  United  States  infan- 
try; and  in  1871  was  transferred  to  the 
tliird  cavalry.  In  1901  he  was  advanced 
to   the   rank   of   brigadier-general. 

Wesson,  Daniel  Baird,  nmnufacturer.  in- 
ventor, WHS  born  ^Nlay  25.  1825,  in  Worces- 
ter, Mass.  On  his  brothers  death  in  1860 
he  took  charge  of  the  business  of  the  firm 
of  Smith  and  Wesson,  manufacturers  of 
rifies  of  Norwich,  Conn.;  and  became  head 
of  tlie  firm.  He  introduced  improvements 
which  brought  them  a  very  large  trade. 
He  died   in    1906   in    Springfield,  Mass. 

West,  A.  M.,  soldier.  He  was  prominent 
ill  the  affairs  of  the  south;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  In  1884  he  was 
a  candidate  for  the  vice-president  of  the 
United  States.  He  died  Sept.  30.  1894.  in 
Meiniihis,  Tenn. 

West,  Andrew  Fleming,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  17,  1853,  in  Allegheny.  Pa, 
He  has  been  a  professor  of  Latin  in  Prince- 
ton college  since  1883.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  IMiilohiblion  of  Richard  de  Bury ;  Al- 
cuin  and  the  Rise  of  the  Christian  Schools; 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


643 


Latin  Grammar;  and  American  Liberal  Ed- 
ucation. 

West,  Anson,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  3.  1832.  in  Robertson  county,  N.C.  In 
1856  he  entered  the  ministry  of  the  metho- 
dist  episcopal  church.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  State  of  the  Dead  ;  The  Old  and  the 
New  Man ;  and  History  of  Merhodi.sm  in 
Alabama.  He  died  in  New  Decatur.  Ala. 
West,  Benjamin,  educator,  astronomer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  March,  1730.  in  Keho- 
both.  Mass.  In  1876-99  he  filled  the  chair 
of  mathematics  and  natural  philosophy  in 
Brown  university.  In  1812-13  he  was  post- 
master of  Providence,  lie  was  the  author 
of  Account  of  the  Observations  of  Venus 
upon  the  Sun.  June  3,  1769.  He  died  Aug. 
13.  1813.  in  Providence.  R.l. 

West,  Benjamin,  artist,  was  born  Oct.  10, 
1738.  near  Sprinsfield.  Pa.  He  was  well  ed- 
ucated. Early  in  life  he  took  up  his  resi- 
dence in  London ;  and 
was  patronized  as  an 
artist  by  George  III. 
Some  of  his  finest  pic- 
tures are  in  the  Acad- 
emy of  fine  arts,  Phil- 
adelphia. He  succeed- 
ed Sir  Joshua  Reynolds 
as  president  of  the 
Royal  academy  in 
1792.  H  i  s  pictures 
iiave  been  extensively 
copied  by  engravers 
of  the  United  States. 
1820.    in   London,    Eng- 


olergyman,  lawyer, 
Vpril   8.    1746.   in   IMy- 

In  1768  he  graduated 
;  and  in  1771  became 
he  began  the  practice 
,  X.H.     He  was  a  del- 


He   died    March    11. 
land. 

West,  Benjamin, 
statesman,  was  lioin  . 
mouth  county.  Mass. 
from  Harvard  college 
a  preacher.  In  1773 
of  law  at  Charlestown 
egate  to  the  convention  which  framed  tlie 
federal  constitution.  In  1789  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Xew  Hampshire  to  the  first 
congress  i)nt  declined  to  serve.  He  died  July 
27.  1817.  in  ("harlcstown.   X.H. 

West,  Bina  M.,  educator,  lecturer,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  May  18.  1867,  in  Columbus, 
Mich.  She  began  teaching  at  an  early  age; 
and  was  elected  to  the  county  board  of  school 
managers  for  St.  Clair  county,  the  only 
woman  who  has  ever  jjcn  so  honored  in  that 
county.  She  is  an  exten.sive  traveler,  and 
has  h'cfured  in  the  interest  of  the  Ladies 
of  tlie  niaccabees  in  every  state  in  the  un- 
ion ;  and  is  supreme  record  keeper  of  tiie 
Ladies  of  the  maccal)ees  of  the  world.  She 
is  distinguished  as  an  orator  and  writer, 
and  is  the  editor  of  The  Review,  a  fraternal 
magazine. 

West,  Caleb  Walton,  lawyer,  governor, 
was  born  May  25.  1844,  in  Cynthiana.  Ky. 
Since  1896  lie  has  been  a  special  agent  in 
the  I'nited  States  treasury  deiiartmeut.  In 
1867-86  he  practiced  law  in  Cynthiana,  Ky. 
In  1886-90  and  1893-96  he  was  governor  of 
Utah   territory. 


West,  Charles  Edwin,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Feb.  23,  1809,  in  AVash- 
Ingtou.  Mass.  In  1860-89  he  was  principal 
of  the  Brooklyn  Heights  seminary  ;  and  de- 
livered a  course  of  eighty  lectures  each  sea- 
son. He  founded  the  Albany  classical  school ; 
and  was  president  of  the  Brooklyn  Heights 
seminary.  He  died  in  1900  in  Brooklyn, 
X.Y. 

West,  Charles  W.,  merchant,  philanthro- 
l)ist.  was  born  Aug.  7,  1810,  in  Montgomery 
county.  Pa.  In  1841  he  established  himself 
in  Cincinnati,  where  he  achieved  commercial 
success.  In  1880  he  offered  to  contribute 
one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollare  to- 
ward the  erection  of  an  art  museum  build- 
ing, provided  that  an  equal  amount  was 
raised  by  subscription,  and  on  the  condition 
being  fulfilled  he  gave  twice  as  much  as  he 
had  promised.  The  building  was  begun  in 
1882.  and  completed  in  1885.  He  died  Sept.. 
2.   1884,  in  Cincinnati.   Ohio. 

West,  Clifford  Hardy,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Nov.  10,  1846,  in  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  In 
1867  he  graduated  from  the  United  States 
naval  academy  ;  became  lieutenant  in  1871  ; 
and  commander  in  1896.  In  1902  he  was 
retired  as  rear  admiral  of  the  United  States 
navy. 

West,  Edward  Walter,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Massachusetts.  In  1861  he  was  second 
lieutenant  in  the  fourth  regiment  Rhode 
Island  infantry  ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  and  brigadiei'-general  of 
volunteers.     He  resigned  in  1864. 

West,  Edwin,  civil  engineer,  public  offi- 
cial, was  born  June  18,  1863,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  eduL'ated  in  the  public  and 
private  schools  of  Xew  Y'ork  City.  He  is  a 
successful  civil  engineer  of  Ho-Ho-Kus,  Ber- 
gen county,  X.J.  He  has  been  superintend- 
ent of  construction,  supervising  architect, 
and  chief  engineer  in  prominent  corpora- 
tions. He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Xew 
Jersey  state  board  of  tenement  house 
supervision;  for  seven  years  was  ohairman 
of  the  township  committee  of  Oivil  Imvn- 
ship  ;  for  ten  years  was  justice  of  the  peace  ; 
is  a  member  of  the  republican  county  com- 
mittee ;  and  has  filled  various  other  positions 
of  trust  and  honor.  He  is  a  mason,  odd  fel- 
low, redman.  and  a  member  of  various  oth- 
er fraternal  and  social  orders.  In  1905-07 
he  was  mayor  for  the  borough  of  Orvil,  X.J. 

West,  Emory  S.,  soldier,  mathematician, 
was  born  Sept.  12.  1874.  in  Troy.  W.Va. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  and  i)ri\ate 
schools  of  his  native  state.  During  the  Span- 
ish-American war  and  the  Philippint^  insur- 
rection he  -served  as  an  oflicer  in  the  vol- 
unteer and  regular  forces  in  the  Philipi>ine 
Islands;  and  connnanded  tli'^  gunlioat  La- 
guna  de  Bay  during  that  reliellion.  He  is 
now  professor  of  milit.ny  science  and  tactics 
at  Simiison  coUepre  of  IndianDla,  Iowa.  Since 
1903  he  has  held  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant 
in  the  seventh  cavaliy  of  the  T'niled  Slates 
army;  and  is  now  stationed  at  Indianola. 
Iowa. 


646 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


West,  Francis  Henry,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire.  In  1861  he  was  lieuten- 
ant-colonel in  thirty-first  regiment  Wiscon- 
sin infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
March   6,   1896. 

West,  Francis,  colonial  governor.  In 
1627-28  and  in  1639-41  he  was  colonial  gov- 
ernor of  Virginia. 

West,  George,  manufacturer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  17,  1823, 
in  England.  He  was  a  representative  in 
the  New  York  legislature  in  1872-1877  ;  and 
became  president  of  the  First  national  bank 
of  Ballston  Spa,  N.Y.,  where  he  was  a 
paper  manufacturer.  In  1881-83  and  1885- 
87  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  forty-seventh,  forty-ninth  and  fiftieth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  in  1901, 
in  Ballston,  N.Y. 

West,  George  Warren,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Massachusetts.  In  1861  he  was  captain 
in  the  tenth  regiment  Maine  infantry  ;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died   May  27,   1899. 

West,  Harry  F.,  soldier,  insurance  presi- 
dent, was  born  May  14,  1834,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  During  the  civil  war  be  served  in 
the  seventh  regiment  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers; and  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  president  of  tlic  Penn 
mutual  life  insurance  company  at  Philadel- 
phia,  Pa. 

West,  Henry  Hienza,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieutenant 
in    the   sixty-third    regiment   Ohio    infantry ; 


and   in   1865   he 
brigadier-general 
orably  mustered 
West,    James 
Usher,    founder, 
1856,  in  Melrose, 


was  brevetted  colonel  and 
of  volunteers.  He  was  hon- 
out   in    1865. 

Harcourt,  journalist,  pub- 
author,  was  born  Jan.  13, 
Mass.  In  youth  he  was  a 
newspaper  correspondent.  In  1884-87  he 
was  an  independent  minister  in  Geneva,  111. ; 
and  subsequently  in  Leicester  and  North 
Abington,  Mass.  Since  1888  he  has  been  in 
the  publishing  business  in  Boston,  Mass. ; 
and  in  1889  founded  the  New  Ideal  Maga- 
zine. He  is  the  author  of  The  Complete 
Lift ;  Uplifts  of  Heart  and  Will ;  In  Love 
With  TiOve  ;  and  The  Ninth  Paradise. 

West,  Joseph  Rodman,  soldier,  journalist, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Sept.  19, 
1822.    in    New    Orleans,    La.      He   served   in 

the  Mexican  war.  He 
moved  to  California 
in   1849 ;   and   engaged 

«^Bk       in      commercial      pur- 
^^_^    I^^K      suits.         At    the    out- 
j^  ¥^fc    j|^      break  of  the  civil  war 
he    was    proprietor   of 
the       San       Francisco 
^^^^^^^^  Prices     Current.       He 

^   ^^^^^^^"  entered    the    army    as 

lieutenant  -  colonel  of 
the  first  California  in- 
fantry ;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  brevet 
major-general.     He  went  to  Texas,  and  then 


removed  to  New  Orleans ;  and  was  chief 
deputy  United  States  marshal  and  auditor 
of  customs,  and  administrator  of  improve- 
ments. In  1871-77  he  was  United  States 
senator.  He  settled  in  Washington  City ; 
and  served  for  several  years  as  one  of  the 
commissioners  of  the  District  of  Columbia. 
He  died  Oct.  31,  1898.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

West,  John,  colonial  governor.  In  163.")- 
36    lie    Avas    colonial    governor    of    Virginia. 

West,  Joseph,  colonial  governor.  In  1671, 
1674-82  and  in  1684  he  was  colonial  governor 
of  South  Carolina. 

West,  Kenyon,  critic,  author,  was  born 
in  Lockport.  N.Y.  In  1895-1901  she  was 
musical  and  dramatical  correspondent  of 
Toronto  Globe,  San  Francisco  Call  and  oth- 
er leading  papers  of  the  United  States  and 
Canada.  Kenyon  West  is  the  pen  name  of 
Mrs.  Henry  S.  Howland.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Broken  Bonds ;  Cliveden ;  and  The 
Laureates  of  England. 

West,  Mary  Allen,  educator,  author,  was 
born  July  31,  1837,  in  Galesburg,  111.  She 
was  Knox  county  superintendent'  of  schools 
in  1873-92.  She  was  the  author  of -Child- 
hood :  Its  Care  and  Culture.     She  died  Dec. 

I.  1892.   in  Tokio,   Japan. 

West,  Max,  expert,  author,  was  born  Nov. 

II.  1870.  in  St.  Cloud,  Minn.  In  1900-02 
he  was  expert  agent  in  the  United  States  in- 
dustrial commission ;  and  since  1904  has 
i)een  connected  with  the  bureau  of  corpora- 
tions in  the  department  of  commerce  and 
labor.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Inheritance 
Tax ;    and   Principles  of   Taxation. 

West,  Nathaniel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
liorn  in  September.  1794,  in  Ireland.  In 
1862-64  he  was  chaplain  of  the  Satterlee 
United  States  general  hospital  at  West  Phil- 
adelphia, one  of  the  largest  military  hospi- 
tals in  the  country.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Ark  of  God  the  Safety  of  the  Nation; 
Popery  the  Prop  of  European  Despotism ; 
Babyfon  the  Great;  Right  and  Left  Hand 
Blessings  of  God ;  and  Complete  Analysis 
of  the  Whole  Bible.  He  died  Sept.  2,  1864. 
in  Philadolphia.  Pa. 

West,  Paul,  journalist,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  26.  1871,  in  Boston.  Mass.  He  has 
written  several  hundred  published  songs,  in- 
cluding the  Man  from  China  ;  and  The  Prin- 
cess Bon  Bon.  Since  1898  he  has  been  on 
the  editorial  staff  of  the  New  York  Sun- 
day World.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Pearl 
and  the  Pumpkin. 

West,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  iNfarch  3.  1730.  in  Yarmouth,  INIass.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  for  fram- 
ing the  constitution  of  Massachusetts;  and 
for  the  adoption  of  that  of  the  United 
States.  He  was  the  author  of  Essays  on 
Liberty  and  Necessity ;  and  some  sermons. 
He  died  Sept.  24.  1807.  in  Tiverton.  R.I. 

West,  Stephen,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  13.  1735.  in  Tolland.  Conn.  He 
was  a  congregational  clergyman;  and  pastor 
at  Stockbridge  in  1759-1819.  He  was  the 
author  of  Essay  on  Moral  Agency  ;   Life  of 


HERRIXGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AISIERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


K47 


Reverend  S.imnel  Hopkins  ;  Evidence  of  tlio 
Divinity  of  Christ ;  and  Duty  and  Obliga- 
tion of  Christians  to  Marry  Only  in  the 
Lord.  He  died  May  15,  1819,  in  Stockbridge, 
Mass. 

West,  William,  clergyman,  was  born  in 
1739  in  Fairfa.K  county,  Va.  He  was  secre- 
tary of  the  convention  of  Maryland  in  1784  ; 
was  president  in  1790  ;  and  was  a  delegate 
to  the  general  convention.  He  died  March 
30.  1791.   near  Baltimore,  Md. 

West,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1787- 
90  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  lil'.ode  Island. 

West,  Wimam  Edward,  artist,  was  born 
Dee.  10.  1788.  in  Lexington,  Ky.  Among  his 
paintings  are  The  Confessional ;  and  The 
Pride  of  the  Villajio.  He  died  Nov.  2,  1857, 
in   Xashvill.'.  'IV-nii. 

West,  Willis  Mason,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  15,  1857,  in  Si.  Cloud.  Minn. 
Since  1892  ho  has  been  professor  of  history 
at  the  university  of  Minnesota.  He  is  the 
author  of  Ancient  History  to  Charlemagne ; 
Modern   History  :   and  The  Ancient  World. 

Westbrook,  John,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania.  In  1841-43  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  lo  the  twen- 
ty-seventh congress.  He  died  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

Westbrook,  Theodoric  R.,  congressman, 
was  born  in  New  York.  In  1853-55  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the  thir- 
ty-third congress.  He  died  in  Kingston, 
X.Y. 

Westbrooks,  Charles  P.,  educator,  college 
president,  clergyman,  was  born  June  30, 
1854.  in  Aberdeen.  Miss.  He  was  a  success- 
ful educator  in  Mississippi  and  Texas  for 
twenty  years  ;  became  president  of  the  Jones 
male  and  female  institute  of  Goliad,  Texas ; 
and  is  now  a  successful  clergyman  of  San 
.\iitonio.   Texas. 

Westcott,  Edward  Noyes,  banker,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  27,  1847,  in  Syracuse,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  fine  singer ;  and  composed  many 
songs,  of  which  he  wrote  both  words  and 
nuisic.  In  a  little  more  than  a  year  four 
luindrfd  thousand  copies  of  David  Haruni. 
a  Story  of  American  Life,  were  sold,  the 
greatest  success,  with  possibly  two  excep- 
tions, ever  a(  hieved  by  an  American  novel, 
llr  <\\vi\  March  31.  1898.  in  Syracuse,  N.Y. 

Westcott,  Frank  Nash,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  8.  1858.  in  Syracuse, 
X.Y.  In  1879  he  was  ordained  a  prolest- 
:n't  cpis'-opal  minister:  and  is  now  rector 
of  St.  Jinnes  church  of  Skaneatoies.  N.Y. 
He  is  the  author  of  Philosophy  of  a  Change 
in  tli(^  Name  of  the  Church  ;  Catholic  Prin- 
ciples; Tl'o  Church  and  the  Cood  Samnri- 
tnn  :  and   Heart  of  Catholicity. 

Westcott,  George  P.,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Dec.  25.  1842.  in  Uhie  Hill,  Maine. 
Since  1882  he  lias  been  ])resident  of  the  I'ort- 
laiid  ;nid  Kochester  railroad  at  Portland, 
Mi_ 

'esTcott,   James   Diament,   hnyyqr.  Unit- 
'*cd    States  senator,    was   boiii    Ma'f'  10.   1802, 


in  Alexandria,  Va.  He  was  secretary  of  the 
territory  of  Florida  for  four  years.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  territorial  legislature  in 
1832  ;  and  was  United  States  district  attor- 
ney for  the  middle  district  of  the  territory 
until  1836.  He  was  again  a  member  of  the 
legislature ;  and  a  memVjer  of  the  conven- 
tion for  framing  a  state  constitution  in 
1838-39.  In  1845-59  he  was  United  States 
senator.     He  died  Jan.  19,  1880.   in  Florida. 

Westcott,  James  Diament,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  June  18,  1839,  in  Talla- 
hassee, Fla.  He  entered  the  confederate 
service  at  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war ; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  major.  In  1885  he 
was  attorney-general  of  Florida ;  and 
was  appointed  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court.     He  died   April   29,  1887,  in  Florida. 

Westcott,  John  Howell,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  3,  1858,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Since  1889  he  has  been  professor  of  latin ; 
and  also  instructor  In  Roman  law  since  1892 
in  Princeton,  N.J.  He  is  the  author  of  ed- 
ucational editions  of  several  volumes  of  the 
classics. 

Westcott,  Oliver  S.,  educator,  mathemati- 
cian, was  born  in  1834.  He  became  a  teach- 
er of  the  public  schools  of  Chicago.  111.  ;  and 
in  1879  became  superintendent  of  schools 
of  Racine.  Wis.  In  1882  he  became  assist- 
ant, of  the  North  division  high  school  of  Chi- 
cago. HI.:  a'Ml  in  1883  was  promoted  princi- 
pal. He  had  been  in  the  service  of  the  Chi- 
cago schools  for  nearly  forty  years ;  and  for 
twenty-five  years  was  principal  of  the  Rob- 
ert A.  Walier  high   school;     He  resigned  in 

1908. 

Westcott,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1810-11  lie  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
suiirenie  court  of  Rhode  Island. 

Westcott,  Thompson,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  June  5.  1820,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  a  Philadelphia  journalist:  and  edi- 
tor of  The  Sunday  Dispatcli  in  1848-84.  He 
was  the  autiior  of  Life  of  John  Fitih.  the 
Inventor  of  the  Steamboat:  The  Taxpayer's 
Ouidfe:  Official  Guide  to  Philadelphia;  and 
liistorac  Mansions  of  Philadeli)]iia.  He  died 
May  S.\lSS8.  in  Pliiladelphia.  I'a. 

Westerlo,  Eilardus,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  October.  1738,  in  Holland.  He 
delivered  the  address  of  welcome  to  Gen- 
eral AVnshington  when  he  visited  .\lbany  in 
1782.  He  left  in  manuscript  an  autobiogra- 
))hy  containing  references  to  the  years  be- 
tween 1761  and  1790;  Greek  and  Hebrew 
lexicons:  and  a  translation  from  the  Dutch 
of  Albertho'iias's  Catecliisin.  lie  died  Dec. 
20.    1790.   in    Albany.   X.Y. 

Westerlo,  Rensselaer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1775  in  Albany.  X.Y.  In  1817-19  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
fifteenth  congress.  Tie  died  in  1851  in  .\1- 
bany.  N.Y. 

Westhafer,  Francis  M.,  stirvevor.  educator, 
clergyman,  was  born  Jan.  12.  1850.  in  Tia<:j'. 
Ohio.  He  received  an  academic  education, 
and  took  special  work  in  an  Illinois  normal 
and   the   >roore's  Hill   college.     He  has  been 


CIS 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


a  suiveyor,  county  .school  supeniitendeut  and 
a  profassor  in  the  Moore's  Hill  college.  He 
has  attained  eminence  as  a  successful  clergy- 
man of  the  methodist  episcopal  church  in  the 
Indiana  conference.  He  has  contributed  ex- 
tensively to  current  publications  on  educa- 
tional and  religious  topics. 

Westinghouse,  George,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Uct.  6,  1846,  in  Central 
Bridge,  N.Y  In  1865  he  invented  a  device 
for  I'eplacing  railroad  cars  on  the  track  ;- 
and  invented  and  successfully  introduced 
the  Westinghouse  air  brake,  which  he  has 
since  greatly  improved  ;  and  has  also  made 
othei-  inventions  in  railway  signals,  steam 
and  gas  engines,  steam  turbines  and  electri- 
cal machinery.  He  is  now  president  of 
twelve  corporations.  He  gave  one  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  the  Pittsburg 
young    men's    christian    association. 

Westlake,  James  Willis,  educator,  pomolo- 
gist.  founder,  author,  was  born  in  1830  in  De- 
voshire,  England.  In  1832  he  came  to  the 
United  States  ;  and  in  1857  graduated  from 
the  Union  college  of  Schenectady,  N.Y.  In 
1849  he  began  teaching  in  the  public  school : 
in  1857  founded  the  normal  school  of  Lancas- 
ter, Pa. ;  and  in  1858  founded  the  seminary 
and  normal  school  of  Indiana.  Pa.  In  1863- 
66  he  was  a  clerk  in  the  quartermaster-gen- 
eral's office.  Since  1886  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  orange  culture  in  Florida.  He  is 
the  author  of  How  to  Write  Letters;  and 
Common   School  Literature. 

Westlake,  William,  manufacturer,  inven- 
tor, was  born  July  23.  1831.  He  invented 
the  first  loose  globe  car  lamp;  and  the  re- 
voiving  headlight  for  locomotives.  He  has 
a  large  establishment  in  New  York  City, 
which  is  known  as  the  Adams  and  Westlake 
company.  He  died  in  1900  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y. 

Westley,  George  Hembert,  editor,  author, 
]j0('t.  was  born  Jan.  28.  1865,  in  Newfound- 
land. He  is  a  writer  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  Joan  of  the  Bay;  The  Maid 
and  the  ^Miscreant ;  and  Clementina's  High- 
wnyman. 

Weston,  Byron,  manufacturer,  statesman. 
He  is  a  manufacturer  of  ledger  pnper  in 
Dalton,  ;Mass.  He  has  been  Iieut(Miant-gov- 
ernor  of   Massachusetts. 

Weston,  Charles  Valentine,  civil  engineer, 
street  rnihvay  president,  was  born  Ft-b.  14, 
1857.  in  Kalamazoo,  Mich.  In  1880  he  en- 
tered railway  service;  and  has  been  engaged 
as  an  assistant  engineer  of  several  lines.  In 
1888  he  located  in  Chicago.  111. ;  and  has 
constructed  the  in-take  crib  and  water  suj)- 
ply  tunnel  under  Lake  Michigan  for  the 
city  of  Lake  View.  He  was  chief  engineer 
of  the  Northwestern  and  Lake  street  ele- 
vated railway  companies;  and  since  1908 
has  been  president-  and  general  manager  of 
the    South    side    elevated    railway    company. 

Weston,  Edmund  Brownell,  civil  engineer, 
niiihor.  was  born  .March  25,  1850.  in  Dux- 
liiiiy,  Mass.  He  was  educated  in  ))ublic  and 
private  s'h()(ds  at  Partridge  academy  of  Dux- 


bury.  Mass. ;  the  Highland  military  acad- 
emy of  Worcester,  Mass.  After  serving  as 
a  student  for  three  years  in  the  office  of  the 
chief  engineer  of  the  Providence  water  works 
he  was  appointed  assistant  engineer  in  1874 ; 
and  in  1877-79  was  engineer-in-charge  of 
the  Providence  water  department.  He  then 
resigned  in  order  to  practice  as  a  civil  and 
consulting  engineer.  He  has  traveled  ex- 
tensively abroad  in  the  special  study  of  water 
supply  and  sanitary  engineering.  During 
the  last  fifteen  years  he  has  designed  fifty 
filter  plants  for  the  purification  of  city  and 
town  water  supplies  in  East  Providence, 
Norfolk,  Norristown,  Charleston,  Morgan- 
town,  and  in  cities  in  Austria.  Holland,  In- 
dia and  Egypt.  He  is  the  author  of  West- 
on's Friction  of  Water  in  Pipes ;  and  Ta- 
bles for  Estimating  the  Cost  of  Laying  Cast 
Iron   Water   Pipe. 

Weston,  Edward,  electrician,  inventor,  was 
born  May  9,  1850,  in  England.  In  1887  he 
built  in  IVewark  one  of  the  largest  private 
laboratories  in  America ;  and  he  also  pos- 
sesses a  fine  technical  library  that  contains 
many  rare  books  on  electricity.  One  of  his 
most  valuable  inventions  is  that  of  tam- 
diue,  a  modification  of  cellulose,  which  is  ex- 
tensively  used   in   incandescent   lamps. 

Weston,  Henry  Griggs,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, college  presi(U'nt,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  11,  1820,  in  Lynn.  Mass.  Since  1868 
he  has  been  president  of  the  Crozer  theolog- 
ical seminary,  I'ennsylvania.  He  was  for 
a  time  editor  of  the  Baptist  (Quarterly;  and 
has  also  been  president  of  the  American  bap- 
tist missionary  union.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Four  Gospels  ;  Matthew,  the  Genesis  of 
the   New   Testament  ;    and   other   works. 

Weston,  James  A.,  governor.  He  was  the 
second   governor   of   Nevada   in   1871-72. 

Weston,  James  A.,  civil  engineer,  gover- 
nor, was  bom  Aug.  1,  1827,  in  ISIanchester, 
N.II.  He  was  extensively  engaged  in  build- 
ing and  o])erating  railroads  and  water  works 
in  New  IIam])shire.  He  was  elected  mayor 
of  Manchester  in  1868.  1870.  1871  and 
1874.  In  1871-73  and  1874-75  he  was  the 
thirty-first  governor  of  New  Hampshire.  He 
di(>d  in  1895  in  Manchester.  N.II. 

Weston,  James  Augustus,  soldier,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  May  6.  1838,  in  Lake 
Comfort,  N.C.  In  1864-65  he  was  major  in 
Ihe  thirty-third  North  Carolina  regiment 
confederate  army.  He  held  pastorates  at 
Hertford.  Hickory  and  Raleigh,  N.C.  He 
was  the  author  of  Historic  Doubts  as  to  the 
Fxecution  of  Marshal  Ney.  He  died  in  1905 
in  Hickory.  N.C. 

Weston,  John  Francis,  soldier,  was  born 
Nov.  1:5,  184").  in  Kentucky.  During  the 
civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  major. 
He  was  apjiointed  brigadier-general  of  the 
United  States  volunteers  in  ]8!)8;  and  in 
1899  succeeded  General  Eagan  as  coniniis- 
sary  general.  In  190.5  he  was  promoted 
major-general. 

Wesiton,  John  Burns,  educator,  theologian, 
college  president,   was  born  July  6,   1821.   in 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


649 


.Madison.  Maine.  He  was  educated  at  Madi- 
son. Maine;  attended 
IMooniliekl  academy  ; 
-laduated  from  Anti- 
.k1i  c-oliege  in  1857. 
;ni(l  has  received  tlie 
(le-nv's  o(  A.B..  A.M. 
and  D.D.  In  184:^  he 
entered  the  christian 
ministry  in  West  New- 
l)ur,v.  Mass.;  and  in 
1S47-48  was  managing 
editor  of  the  Herald 
of  Gospel  Liberty.  In 
1857  he  was  on  the 
faculty  of  Antioch  college ;  and  in  18G2-65 
was  acting-iuesidcnt  ;  and  was  also  associate- 
editor  of  the  Herald  of  Gospel  Liberty  of 
Dayton.  Ohio.  Since  1881  he  has  been  pres- 
ident and  professor  of  biblical  literature, 
theology,  psychology  and  ethics  in  the  Chris- 
tian biblical  in.stitute  of  Stanfordvijle.  N.Y. 
He  was  one  of  the  original  organizers  of  the 
.American  idiilological  association  ;  and  since 
1897  has  been  a  member  of  the  committee 
on  versions  of  the  American  bible  society. 
He  is  the  author  of  numerous  valuable  re- 
ligious and  educational  papers,  which  have 
been  a  valuable  ac<iuisiiion  to  American  lit- 
erature. 

Weston,  Mrs.  Mary  Catherine,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  April  14.  1822,  in  Albany. 
N.Y.  She  was  the  author  of  Cavalry  Cate- 
chism ;  Synopsis  of  the  Kible ;  .Tewish  An- 
tiquities; and  Biograpliy  of  Old  and  New 
Testament  Characters.  She  died  Aug.  4. 
1882,  in  Greenwich,  Conn. 

Weston,  Nathan,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1820- 
34  hi'  was  Mil  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  .Maine;  and  in  1834-41  h(> 
was  cliief  justici'. 

Weston  Samuel  Burns,  clergyman,  edi- 
tor, publislicr.  h'cturer.  was  born  March  10, 
1855.  in  Madison.  Maine.  In  1879-81  he  was 
M  minister  of  the  unitarian  church  of  Lei- 
cester, Mass.  In  1885-90  he  was  lecturer 
at  society  of  ethical  culture  of  IMiiladelphia. 
In  1888-90  he  was  editor  and  publisher  of 
tie  Kthi<al  Record;  and  has  been  editor  and 
nublislicr  of  the  International  Journal  of 
Kliiics  since  1890;  and  of  Ktliical  Addresses 
since  1894. 

Weston,  Stephen  Francis,  educator,  dean, 
aullior.  was  horn  March  10.  1855,  in  ^ladi- 
son.  Maine.  In  1892-94  he  was  assistant 
professf)r  of  economics  at  Colinnbia  univer- 
sity ;  anrl  was  associate-pi'ofcssor  of  politi- 
cal and  social  science  at  the  \\'estern  re- 
s"rve  university  in  1894-1900.  Since  1902 
he  has  been  dean  of  Antioch  college;  and 
professor  of  philosojihy  and  of  |iolitical  an<l 
social  .science  in  that  institution.  He  is  the 
author  of  rrinciplcs  of  .lustice  in  Taxation. 
Weston,  Theodore,  civil  engineer,  arehi- 
le<i.  iuithor.  was  iiorn  Oct.  9.  1832.  in  Sandy 
Hill.  N.Y.  He  was  the  architect  of  the  .Me- 
iropolitan  ni'isenm  of  art  of  New  York  ('ily. 
He  is  the  autlior  of  Report  I'pon  Water  Sup- 
plv  for  Brooklvn. 


Weston,  Thomas  R.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
horn  June  14.  1834,  in  Middleboro,  Mass. 
He  is  the  author  of  A  Sketch  of  I'eter  Oli- 
ver, the  last  Chief  Justice  of  the  Superior 
Court  of  Judicature  in  Massachusetts  Bay 
Colony ;  and  a  Genealogy  of  the  Descend- 
ants  of   Heinon   Weston. 

Wethered,  John,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Maryland.  In  1843-45  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Maryland  to  the  twenty-eighth 
congress.     He  died  in  Maryland. 

Wetherell,  Emma  Abbott,  vocalist,  was 
!.)orii  ]>ec.  9,  1849.  in  Chicago,  111.  She 
gained  a  national  reputation  as  a  vocalist. 
She  died  Jan.  5.  1891.  in  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah. 

Wetherill,  Charles  Mayer,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  4.  1825.  in  I'hiladelphia, 
Pa.  He  was  a  professor  of  chemistry  at  Le- 
high university  in  1866-71.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Manufacture  of  Vinejiar.  He 
died   :March   5,   1871,   in   Bethlehem,   Pa. 

Wetherill,  Richard,  builder,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  Sept.  -28,  1850,  in  Montgomery 
coimty.  Pa.  In  1886-92  he  was  vice-president 
of  the  Standard  steel  casting  company ;  is 
president  of  the  Chester  and  Media  electric 
railway  company;  and  has  been  a  director 
of  the  Chester  national  bank  since  its  foun- 
chUicju. 

Wetherill,  Samuel,  manufacturer,  founder, 
was  l;oru  ()(t.  12,  1736.  in  Burlington.  N.J. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  chem- 
ic.iis.  and  was  the  first  in  the  United  States 
to  male  white  lead.  At  the  time  of  the  revo- 
lution he  actively  supporteil  the  cause  of 
independence,  supplying  clothing  gratuitous- 
ly to  Washington's  army  at  Valley  Forge 
when  it  was  most  needed;  and  joined  with 
some  other  (Quakers  in  military  service  in  the 
defense  of  Philadelphia.  He  imblished  sev- 
eral short  tiieolooical  tracts  in  defense  of 
the  society.  He  died  Sept.  24.  1816.  in  Phii- 
arlelnhin.   Pa. 

Wetherill,  Samuel,  soldier,  inventor,  was 
born  .May  27.  1821.  in  Philadeli.jiia.  Pa. 
He  served  during  the  civil  war;  and  at- 
taincHl  the  rank  of  brevet  lieutenant-colonel. 
The  first  zinc  white  was  made  by  a  process 
invented  by  him.  He  died  in  New  York 
City. 

Wetmore,  Claude  Hazeltine,  naval  expert, 
author,  was  born  in  1863  in  Cuyahoga  Falls, 
Oliio.  He  has  made  a  sjiecial  study  of  the 
navies  of  the  world.  He  is  the  author  of 
Sweepers  of  the  Sen;  Beyond  a  Hand-Clasi) ; 
The  Battle  .Vgainst  Brii)ery  ;  and  other 
works. 

Wetmore,  Edmund,  lawyer,  was  born 
in  Uiica.  N.Y.  lie  practiced  law  in  New 
York  <'ily;  and  was  ,•>  mcMuber  of  the  firm 
of  Wit  more  and  Jenner.  In  1900  he  was 
elec-ted  president  of  the  .\merican  bar  asso- 
ciation. 

Wetmore,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Bisland,  journal- 
ist, anilior,  was  born  I"el>.  11.  1861.  in  Fair- 
fax Plantation,  La.  She  was  one  of  the  edi- 
tors of  the  Cosmopolitan   Magazine,     She  is 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the  author  of  A  Flying  Trip  Around  the 
World;  A  Candle  of  Understanding;  The 
Secret  Life ;  and  Life  and  Letters  of  Laf- 
cadio  Hearn. 

Wetmore,  George  Peabody,  lawyer,  gov- 
ernor, United  States  senator,  was  born  Aug. 
2.  1846.   in   London.  England,  during  a  visit 

of  his  parents  abroad. 
In  1867  he  graduated 
from  Yale  college ; 
and  graduated  from 
Columbia  law  school 
in  1869.  He  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of 
Rhode  Island  and  of 
New  York  in  1869. 
He  is  a  trustee  of  the 
Peabody  museum  of 
natural  history  in 
Yale  university ;  is  a 
trustee  of  the  Peabody 
education  fund  ;  is  president  of  the  Newport 
hospital ;  and  a  director  of  other  associa- 
tions. He  was  first  presidential  elector  of 
Rhode  Island  in  1880  and  in  1884;  was  a 
member  of  the  state  committee  to  receive 
the  representatives  of  France  on  the  occa- 
sion of  their  visit  to  Rhode  Island  in  1881; 
and  is  a  member  of  the  commission  to  build 
a  new  state  house.  He  was  governor  of 
Rhode  Island  in  1885-86  and  in  1886-87.  He 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  senate  in 
1894 ;  and  was  re-elected  for  terms  ending 
in  1913. 

Wetmore,  James,  clergyman,  missionary, 
was  born  Dec.  25,  1095,  in  Middletown,  Conn. 
In  1726-60  he  was  a  pastor  at  Bedford, 
N.Y.  He  published  several  pamphlets.  He 
died  May  15,  1760,  in  Rye,  N.Y. 

Wetmore,  Prosper  Montgomery,  legislator, 
author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1798,  in 
Stratford,  Conn.  In  1845-49  he  was  navy 
agent ;  and  for  many  years  paymaster  gen- 
eral of  the  state  militia.  In  1834-35  he 
served  in  the  legislature ;  and  in  1843  was 
vice-president  of  the  New  York  chamber 
of  commerce.  He  was  the  author  of  Lex- 
ington, and  Other  Fugitive  Poems;  and  Ob- 
servations on  the  War  with  Mexico.  He 
died  March  16,  1876,  in  Stratford,  Conn. 

Wever,  Clark  Russell,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1862  he  was  captain  in  the 
seventeenth  regiment  Iowa  infantry ;  and  in 
1865  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died  Feb.  20,  1874. 

Wever,  John  Madison,  soldier,  banker, 
congressman,  was  liorn  Feb.  24,  1847,  in  Gan- 
ges, Mich.  He  served  in  the  army  of  the 
Cumberland  and  the  army  of  the  Ohio.  At 
the  close  of  the  civil  war  he  located  in  New 
York  state :  and  entered  into  the  banking 
business.  He  was  elected  county  treasurer 
of  Clinton  county  in  1884  and  re-elected  in 
1887.  In  1891-95  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  fifty-second  and  fifty-third  congresses 
as  n   rnpul)lican. 

Wexler,  Solomon,  banker,  was  born  Nov. 
29,  1867,  in  Natchez,  Miss.  He  was  former- 
ly  a   cotton   merchant   and   banker ;    and    is 


now  vice-president  of  the  Whitney  central 
national  bank  and  the  Whitney  ceutral  trust 
and  savings  bank.  He  is  also  president  of 
the  Southern  hardware  and  Woodstock  com- 
pany, the  Southern  vehicle  and  auto  company 
and  the  investment  and  realty  company. 

Weyerhaeuser,  Frederick,  merchant,  rail- 
road president,  was  born  Nov.  21,  1834,  in 
Germany.  He  is  known  as  a  lumber  king 
of  St.  Paul,  Minn. ;  and  is  president  of  the 
Weyerhaeuser  syndicate.  He  is  president 
of  the  Duluth  and  northeast  railroad  ;  and  is 
president  of  the  Mesabe  southern  railroad. 
Weyl,  Walter  Edward,  economist,  author, 
was  born  March  11,  1873,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  is  a  statistical  expert  on  internal 
commerce  for  the  United  States  bureau  of 
statistics.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Passen- 
ger Traffic  of  Railways. 

Weymouth,  George  Warren,  bank  and  rail- 
road director,  congressman,  was  born  Aug. 
25,   1850,    in   Merrimac,   Mass.     He   devoted 

most  of  his  time  to 
the  Fitchburg  steel 
ball  company  as  vice- 
president  and  general 
manager ;  and  was 
president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Atlas 
tack  company  of  Fair- 
haven,  Mass.  He  was 
director  of  the  Fitch- 
burg national  bank ; 
^^  and     trustee     of     the 

^/fl^  Fitchburg    savings 

bank ;  director  of  the 
Fitchburg  and  Leominster  street  railway, 
and  also  of  the  Orswell  mills  and  Nockege 
mills.  He  was  in  the  state  legislature  of 
1896  ;  and  a  delegate  to  the  national  conven- 
tion at  St.  Louis  in  1896.  In  1897-1901  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to 
the  fifty-fifth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses  as  a 
republican.     He  died  in  Fitchburg,   Mass. 

Whaley,  Kellian  V.,  soldier,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  born  May  6,  1821,  in  Onon- 
daga county,  N.Y.  In  1861-67  he  was  a 
representative  from  West  Virginia  to  the 
thirty-seventh,  thirty-eighth  and  thirty-ninth 
congresses.  In  1868  he  was  appointed  col- 
lector at  Brazos  de  Santiago,  Texas.  He 
died  in  Texas. 

Whaling,  Thornton,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  June  5,  1858,  in  Radford, 
Ya.  In  1892-96  he  was  professor  of  philoso- 
])hy  and  economics  in  the  Southwestern  pres- 
hyterian  university.  In  1896-1905  he  was 
pastor  at  Lexington.  Va. ;  and  since  1905 
lias  been  pastor  of  the  first  presbyterian 
church  at  Dallas.  Texas.  He  is  the  author 
of  The   Church   and   Education. 

Whallon,  Edward  P.,  journalist,  olcrgy- 
inan.  aiitlior,  was  born  March  30,  1849,  in 
Putnaniville,  Ind.  He  has  filled  pastorates 
in  Liberty,  Vincennes  and  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
He  is  a  clergyman  of  the  pre.sbyterian 
cluuTh  ;  and  is  on  the  editorial  stafT  of  the 
II(>rald  and  the  Presbyter.  He  is  the  au- 
thor   of    History    of    Vincennes    Presbytery ; 


HERRIXGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


651 


The  Foursquare  Christian ;  and  Pastoral 
Memories. 

Whallon,  Reuben,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1777  in  New  Jersey.  In  1833-35  be  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
third  congress.  He  died  April  15,  1843,  at 
Split  Kock,  N.Y. 

Wharey,  James,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Juno  15.  1789,  in  Kutherford  county, 
X.C.  In  1824-42  he  was  a  presbyterian  cler- 
gyman of  Gochland  county,  Va.  He  was 
the  author  of  Baptism ;  and  Sketches  of 
Church  History.  He  died  April  29,  1842, 
in  (Joochland,  Va. 

Wharton,  Anne  Hollingsworth,  founder, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  15,  1845,  in  Franklin 
county,  Pa.  She  is  a  Philadelphia  writer ; 
is  prominent  in  historical  societies ;  and  is 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  colonial  dames  of 
America.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Whar- 
ton Family;  Viryilia;  St.  Bartholomew's 
Eve  ;  Colonial  Days  and  Dames  ;  Through  Co- 
lonial Doorways  ;  A  Last  Century  Maid,  and 
Other  Stories  for  Children;  Martha  Wash- 
ington, a  biography ;  Heirlooms  in  Minia- 
ture;  Social  Life  in  the  Early  Republic;  and 
Italian  Days  and  Ways. 

Wharton,  Charles  Henry,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  5,  1748,  in  St.  Mary's 
county.  Md.  In  1798-1833  he  was  rector  of 
St.  Mary's  churcli  of  Burlington,  N.J.  He 
was  the  author  of  Reply  to  Bishop  Carroll's 
Address  to  the  Roman  Catholics  of  Amer- 
ica;  Proofs  of  the  Divinity,  of  Christ;  and 
Concise  View  of  the  Principal  Points  of 
Controversy  Between  Protestant  and  Roman 
Catholic  Churches.  He  died  July  22,  1833, 
in  Burlington,  N..J. 

Wharton,  Charles  S.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  burn  April  22.  1875,  in  Aledo,  111. 
He  attended  the  grammar  and  high  schools 
of  Chicago,  111. ;  and  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  university  of  Michi- 
ga-1.  Siuct'  1896  he  has  pi-acticed  law  in 
Chirago,  111.  In  1903  he  was  appointed  as- 
sistant city  attorney  of  Chicago,  111.  In 
1905-07  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nois to  the  fifty  ninth  congress  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Wharton,  Mrs.  Edith,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  18G2  in  New  York  City.  Siie 
is  the  author  of  The  Greater  Inclination ; 
The  Toudislone;  Crucial  Instances;  The 
House  of  Mirtli;  Madame  de  Treymes ;  and 
The   Fruit  of  the  Tree. 

Wharton,  Francis,  clerfiyman,  educator, 
jurist,  autlii.r.  w:is  born  March  7.  1820,  in 
Philadfliiliia.  I'a.  lie  was  jirofessor  of  ec- 
cli'siaslical  and  international  law  in  tlie  epis- 
copal tlieologii-al  school  at  Cand)ri(lge;  and 
was  an  acknowledged  authority  on  interna- 
tional law.  Ho  was  (he  author  of  Criminal 
Law  of  the  Fnitcd  States;  ^ledica!  Juris- 
pruflence  ;  State  Trials  of  tiie  I'nited  States; 
The  Silom-e  of  Scripture ;  Treatise  on  The- 
ism :  Precedents  of  Indictments;  The  Law 
of  Homicide  in  the  United  States;  The  Con- 
flict of  Laws;  Law  of  Agency  and  .\gents ; 
The  Law  of  fsegligence ;  Commentary  on  the 


Law  of  Evidence  in  Civil  Issues ;  and  The 
Law  of  Contracts.  He  died  Feb.  21,  1889, 
in  Washington,  D.C. 

Wharton,  Gabriel  Caldwell,  soldier,  law- 
yer, was  born  June  13,  1839.  in  Spring- 
field, Ky.  During  the  civil  war  he  was 
made  lieutenant-colonel  and  brigadier-general 
in  the  confederate  service.  He  resumed  his 
law  practice  at  Louisville ;  and  for  ten  years 
was  Fnited  States  attorney  for  the  district 
of  Kentucky.  He  died  Feb.  22,  1887,  in 
Louisville.  Ky. 

Wharton,  Henry,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
June  2,  1827,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was 
the  author  of  Practical  and  Elementary 
Treatise  on  the  Law  of  Vicinage.  He  died 
Nov.  11.  1880.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wharton,  Henry  Redwood,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  i)()rn  May  23,  1853,  in  I'hiladelphia, 
Pa.  He  is  surgeon  to  the  prebyterian  and 
to  ilie  children's  hospitals  of  Philadelidiia, 
Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Surgery  and  Ban- 
daging. 

Wharton,  Jesse,  lawyer,  congressman, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  in  1760  in 
Albemarle  county.  A'a.  In  1807-09  he  was  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  to  the  tenth 
congress ;  and  in  1813-15  he  was  a  United 
States  senator.  He  died  July  22.  1833,  in 
Nashville,  Tenn. 

Wharton,  John  A.,  soldier,  statesman, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Tennessee.  He 
served  through  the  Mexican  war;  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  adjutant-general.  In  1837- 
38  he  was  a  member  of  congress  from  Te.\as. 
He  died  Dec.  15,  1838.  in  Houston,  Texas. 

Wharton,  John  Austin,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  3,  1831.  in  Houston,  Texas.  In  1862 
he  became  colonel  of  the  eighth  Texas  caval- 
ry. He  commanded  a  brigade  and  later  a 
division  of  Wheeler's  cavalry  corps  army  of 
Tennessee;  and  attained  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general. He  died  April  6.  1865,  in 
Houston.  Texas. 

Wharton,  Joseph,  manufacturer,  founder, 
was  iK.rii  March  3.  1826.  in  P]iiladeli)hia. 
Pa.  He  was  among  the  first  to  establish 
I  lie  manufacture  of  spelter,  nickel,  and  cobalt 
in  America  ;  and  was  the  first  to  make  mag- 
netic needles  of  other  substance  than  steel. 
He  owns  the  deposits  of  nickel  ore  in  Lan- 
caster county.  Pa.,  which  he  purchased  in 
1873  ;  and  established  his  works  in  Camden. 
N.J.  The  Wharton  school  of  finance  and 
economics  was  founded  by  him  in  1881.  as 
a  department  of  the  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  and  he  has  given  five  hundred  dol- 
lars. He  has  been  president  of  board  of 
managers  of  Swarthmnre  college. 

Wharton,  Morton  Bryan,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  5.  1839,  in  Orange 
county.  Va.  He  was  pastor  of  the  first 
baptist  <hunli  at  Eufaiila.  .Via.  He  was  the 
author  of  Famous  Women  of  the  01<1  Testa- 
ment ;  Famous  Women  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment ;  Pictures  From  a  Pastorium  ;  Famous 
Men  of  the  Old  Testament;  and  Sacred 
Songs  to  Popular  .\irs.  He  died  July  20. 
1908.   in    Eufaula.   Ala. 


652 


HERRINGStlAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Wharton,  Philip  Fishbourne,  artist,  was 
boru  April  30,  1841,  in  Fliiladelpliia.  His 
best-known  paintings  are  Perdita,  wliicb  re- 
ceived a  medal  at  the  Centennial  exhibition 
of  1876  ;  Eventide  ;  and  Uncle  Jim.  He  died 
Jnly  28,  1880,  in  Media,  Pa. 

Wharton,  Robert,  soldier,  mayor  of  Phila- 
delphia, was  born  Jan.  12,  1757,  in  Phila- 
delphia. In  1803-11  he  was  captain  of  the 
first  troops  of  Philadelphia  city  cavalry. 
He  was  thirteen  times  elected  mayor  of 
Philadelphia.  He  died  March  7,  1834,  in 
Philadelphia. 

Wharton,  Samuel,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  burn  May  3.  1732.  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  signed  the  non-important 
resolutions  of  1765  ;  and  was  a  member  of 
the  city  councils  of  Philadelphia  ;  and  of  the 
committee  of  safety  in  the  revolution.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  colonial  and  state  leg- 
islatures of  Pennsylvania ;  and  in  1782-83 
he  was  a  delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  con- 
linental  congress.  He  died  in  March,  1800, 
in   Philadelpiiia.   I'a. 

Wharton,  Thomas,  governor,  was  born  in 
1735  in  Chester  county.  Pa.  He  was  one 
of  the  twenty-five  citizens  that  formed  the 
conunittee  of  safety  in  I'hiladelphia  in  1775. 
In  1777-78  he  was  republican  governor  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  died  May  22,  1778.  in 
Lancaster.  I'a. 

Wharton,  Thomas  Isaac,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  May  17,  1791.  in  Phila- 
delphia. I'a.  He  served  as  captain  of  infan- 
try in  the  war  of  1812.  He  was  the  author 
of  Digest  of  Cases  in  United  States  Court, 
'I'liird  District;  Reports  of  Cases  in  I'enn- 
sylvania  Supreme  Court;  and  Memoir  of 
William  Rawle.  He  died  April  7,  1856.  in 
Philadolphia.  Pa. 

Wharton,  Thomas,  journalist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1859,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Latter-Day 
Saint:  Hannibal  of  New  York;  and  Bobbo 
!ind  Oilier  Fancies.  He  died  April  3.  1896. 
in    Philadelphia.    Pa. 

Whatcoat,  Richard,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Feb.  23.  1736,  in  Engh\iul.  In  1769 
he  became  a  missionary  to  the  Ihiited  States. 
In  1800  he  was  elected  bishop  of  Delaware, 
lie  died  July  4,  1806,  in  Dover,  Del. 

Wheat,  John  Thomas,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  15.  1800,  in  Washington. 
D.C.  He  was  an  t-piscopal  clergyman  in 
Tennessee.  He  was  the  author  of  I'repara- 
lion  for  Holy  Communion.  He  died  Feb. 
2.   1888.   in   Salisbury,   N.C. 

Wheat,  Zachariah,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1858  he  was  elected  chief  justice  of  the  su- 
preme   court    of    Kentucky. 

Wheatley,  Charles  Moore,  mineralogist, 
author,  was  born  March  16,  1822,  in  Eng- 
land. He  was  a  mineralogist  of  Phamixville, 
Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  a  Catalogue  of 
the  Shells  of  the  United  States.  He  died 
May  6.  1882.  in  Phnenixville,  Pa. 

Wheatley,  Phillis,  poet,  was  born  in  1751, 
in  .Vfriea.  She  is  the  author  of  a  volume 
of  I'oems.     She  died  in  1784. 


Wheatley,  Richard,  clergyman,  author, 
(vas  born  July  14,  1831,  in  England.  He  is  a 
methodist  clergyman  ;  and  now  fills  a  pastor- 
ate in  Cold  Springs,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author 
of  Cathedrals  and  Abbeys  in  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland:  Biographic  Encyclopedia  of  the 
New  England  States  in  the  Nineteenth  Cen- 
tury, in  five  volumes ;  History  of  the  World  ; 
and  other  works. 

Wheatley,  Mrs.  Sarah,  actress,  was  born 
in  1790  in  Canada.  In  1805  she  made  her 
first  appearance ;  and  in  1806  she  married 
Frederick  Wheatley.  She  was  noted  for  her 
artistic  representation  of  old  women.  She 
died  in  July.  1854.  in  New  York  City. 

Wheatley,  William,  actor,  was  born  Dec. 
5.  1816.  in  New  York  City.  He  attained  a 
national  reputation  as  a  noted  actor.  He 
died  Dec.  3.  1876.  in  New  York  City. 

Wheaton,  Albert  H.,  educator,  commis- 
sioner, scientist,  was  boru  April  1,  1851,  in 
Fond  du  Lai'  county,  Wis.     He  was  educated 

in  the  public  schools 
of  Wisconsin  ;  and  lat- 
er attended  the  state 
agricultural  college  of 
South  Dakota.  He 
was  president  of  the 
first  board  of  trustees 
of  the  South  Dakota 
agricultural  college; 
in  1891  was  elected  to 
the  chair  of  dairy  sci- 
ence ;  and  built  the 
first  dairy  school  build- 
ing at  the  college. 
Since  1907  he  has  been  food  and  dairy  com- 
missioner for  the  state  of  South  Dakota; 
and   resides   in   Brookings,   S.D. 

Wheaton,  Charles,  lawver,  legislator,  was 
born  :\lay  29,  1829,  in'Warren,  R.I.  He 
received    liis    education    in    the    academies, 

and  afterward  at- 
tended Trinity  col- 
lege of  Hartford, 
Conn.,  from  which 
instittition  he  gradu- 
ated in  1840.  hi 
1864  he  served  with 
distinction  as  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Aurora, 
111.;  and  during 
lSti8-72  was  supervis- 
or of  that  city.  In 
1869-70  he  was  a 
member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Illinois;  has 
taken  a  prominent  part  in  the  public  af- 
fairs of  his  city,  county  and  state,  and 
has  gained  prominence  as  one  of  the  fore- 
most  lawyers  of  Illinois. 

Wheaton,  Frank,  soldier,  was  born  May 
8,  1833.  in  Providence,  R.I.  He  was  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in 
]S(;2.  He  was  brevetted  nuijor-general  of 
volunteers  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services;  and  received  brevets  in  the  regu- 
lar   army    to    the    grade    of    major-general. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGftAPHY. 


«53 


He  retired  from  the  arniv  in  1895.  He  died 
June    18.    1903.    in    Washington,    D.C. 

Wheaton,  Henry,  lawyer,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  27,  1785,  in  Provi- 
dence. In  1816-27  he  was  reporter  for  the 
United  States  supreme  court  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  In  1827-35  he  was  appointed 
charge  d'allaires  in  Denmark.  He  was  the 
author  of  History  of  the  Progress  of  the 
Law  of  Nations;  Elements  of  International 
Law;  History  of  tlie  Northmen;  Reports  of 
Cases  in  United  States  Supreme  Court; 
Digest  of  Supreme  Court  Decisions  from 
1789  to  1820:  and  Life  of  William  Pink- 
ney  in  Spark's  AiVierican  P>iography.  He 
died  March  11,  1848,  in  Dorchester,  Mass. 
Wheaton,  Horace,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Pompey,  N.Y.  In  1843-47  lie  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
ty-eighth and  twenty-ninth  coiigresses.  He 
died  in  New  York. 

Wheaton,  John  Francis,  soldier,  merchant, 
was  born  Jan.  22,  1822,  in  (Juilford,  Conn. 
He  commanded  the  famous  Chatham  artil- 
lery of  Savannah  during  the  civil  war  in 
.the  confederate  service.  In  1877-83  he  was 
mayor  of  New  York  City;  and  in  1884-88 
was  collector  of  the  port.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  cotton  exchange;  aiul  presi 
dent  of  the  cotton  exchange  association; 
and  had  charge  of  many  valuable  and  im- 
portant estates.  He  died  ^May  9,  1898,  in 
New   York    City. 

Wheaton,  Laban,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress 
man,  was  born  in  1754,  at  Marshfield, 
Mass.  He  was  a  county  judge  of  Massa- 
chusttts.  In  1809-17  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  eleventh,  twelfth,  thirteenth  and 
fourteenth  congresses.  He  died  March  23, 
184r).   in    Nititnn.   ]\Iass. 

Wheaton,  Loyd,  soklier,  was  born  July  15, 
1838.  in  :Michigan.  He  served  in  the  civil  war, 
rising  from   first  sergeant  to  colonel  in  the 

eighth  regiment  Illi- 
nois volunteer  infan- 
try; and  became  cap- 
tain of  the  thirty- 
fourth  United  States 
infantry.  He  received 
sc\cral  l)re\cts  and 
medals  fidin  con- 
gress for  meritorious 
services  as  brigadier- 
general.  He  com- 
manded the  fi  r  s  t 
brigade,  first  divi- 
sion, seventh  army 
corps,  in  the  Spanish-American  war;  and 
was  present  at  Havana  when  the  .\meiican 
llag  was  lloated  in  ]898.  He  left  for  Ma- 
nila with  the  twentieth  infantry;  and  par- 
ticipated in  many  battles  in  the  Philijipine 
rebellion.  He  attained  the  rank  of  major- 
general    of    the    United    States    army. 

Wheaton,  Nathaniel  Sheldon,  clergyman, 
autiior,  was  born  Aug.  20.  1792,  in  \Vash- 
ington,  Conn.  He  was  one  of  the  original 
cor])orators  of  the  Trinity  college,  lie  se- 
curi'd    donations    of    books    for    the    library, 


and  made  purchases  of  philosopliical  appa- 
ratus. He  is  the  author  of  Cousitleralions 
Wheaton,  Milton  Alvord,  lawyer,  inventor, 
was  born  Nov.  14,  1830,  in  North  Gage, 
N.Y.      He   taught   school    for   a    while    near 

Sacramento,  Cal.  He 
has  attained  success 
in  law,  particularly 
in  land  lit  gation.  He 
is  frequently  called 
to  did'erent  states  to 
argue  important  pat- 
ent cases;  and  dur- 
ing the  last  quarter 
of  a  century  has  fre- 
quently appeared  in 
argument  caseri  be- 
fore the  L'  n  i  t  e  d 
States  supreme  court, 
las  lived  near  San  Francisco. 


:!^.^ 


Since  1805  he 
Cal. 

on  the  Establishment  of  a  Uniform  Sys- 
tem of  Bankrupt  Laws  Throughout  the 
United  States;  Life  of  William  Pinkney; 
History  of  the  Nortlimen,  or  Danes  and 
Normans,  from  the  Earliest  Times  to  the 
Conciuest  of  England  by  William  Norman- 
dy; and  other  works.  He  died  ]\larch  18, 
1862,   in   ^larbledale,   Conn. 

Wheaton,  Robert,  lawyer,  musician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  5,  1826,  in  New  York 
City.  Selections  from  his  writings  were 
published  by  liis  sister,  Abby  Wheaton, 
with  a  memoir  in  1854.  He  died  Oct.  9, 
1851.   ii\  Providence,   Pv.I. 

Whedon,  Daniel  Denison,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  March  20,  1808, 
in  Onondaga,  N.Y.  He  was  a  mcthodist 
clergyman;  and  editor  of  The  Methodist 
Quarterly  Review  in  1850-84.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Freedom  of  the  Will;  Com- 
mentary on  the  New  Testament;  Commen- 
tary on  the  Old  Testament;  Essays,  Re- 
views and  Discourses  and  Statements: 
Theological  and  Critical.  He  died  June  8, 
1885.    in    Atlantic   Highlands,   N.J. 

Wheelan,  James  Nicholas,  soldier,  Avas 
born  Dec.  6,  1837,  in  Pennsylvania.  In 
]S()1  he  was  commissioned  commander; 
and  in  1805  was  brevetted  colonel.  In  1806 
he  was  ap]>ointed  from  New  York  second 
lieutenant  in  the  second  United  States 
cavalry;  and  in  1904  was  retired  with  the 
rank    of    brigadier-general. 

Wheeler,  Andrew  Carpenter,  critic,  author, 
was  born  July  4,  1835,  in  New  York.  He 
was  a  dramatic  and  musical  critic  of  New 
York  City.  He  was  tli(»  author  of  The 
Chronicles  of  Milwaukee;  The  Twins,  a 
comedy;  and  The  Primrose  Path  of  lOalli- 
ance,  a  theatrical  (ale.  He  died  March.  10, 
1903.    in    New    York    City. 

Wheeler,  Benjamin  Ide,  educator,  college 
jiresident,  pliil(>li)gist,  author,  was  born  July 
15.  1854.  in  Randolph.  Ma.ss.  He  was  in- 
structor in  Brown  university  and  in  Har- 
vard: iirofessor  of  comparative  jihiloloiry  and 
(Jreek  in  Cornell  nni\ersity ;  and  is  now 
inesideiit     of    the    university    of    California. 


654 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


He  is  the  author  of  The  Greek  Noun  Ac- 
cents ;  Analogy,  and  the  Scope  of  Its  Appli- 
cation in  Language ;  Introduction  to  the 
Study  of  History  and  Language ;  Alexandei 
the  Great ;  The  Seven  Wonders  of  the 
World ;    and   other   works. 

Wheeler,  C.  Gilbert,  chemist,  geologist, 
inventor,  author,  was  born  July  23,  1836, 
in  Canada.  In  1869  he  invented  a  chemical 
fire  extinguisher  which  attained  wide  use. 
He  is  the  author  of  Natural  History  Charts  ; 
Catalogue  Polyglottus  ;  Determinative  Miner- 
alogy ;  Chemistry  of  Building  Materials  ;  and 
Medical  Chemistry. 

Wheeler,  Candace  Thurber,  artisf,  founder, 
author,  was  born  in  Delhi,  N.Y.  She  was 
the  founder  of  systems  and  first  society  of 
decorative  arts ;  and  was  the  founder  of  the 
associated  arts.  She  is  the  author  of  Dou- 
ble Darling  and  Other  Fairy  Tales ;  House- 
hold Art ;  Content  in  a  Garden  ;  Decorators 
and  Decorating  ;   and  Domestic  Weavings. 

Wheeler,  Charles  Barker,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  l)orn  Dec.  27,  1851,  in  Poplar  Ridge, 
N.Y.  In  1876  he  began  the  practice  of  law  ; 
and  in  190G  was  a  member  of  the  special 
tax  commission.  He  is  justice  of  the  su- 
I)reme  court  of  New  York  for  the  term  of 
1908-21. 

Wheeler,  Charles  Gardner,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  21,  1855,  in  I'eabody,  Mass.  He 
is  a  writer  formerly  of  Winchendon,  Mass.. 
and  later  of  Topsham,  Maine.  He  is  the  au- 
thor or  Who  Wrote  It?  a  literary  index;  and 
Familiar  Allusions;  both  begun  by  his  un- 
cle, William  A.  Wheeler ;  'J'he  Course  of 
Empire  :  Outlines  of  the  Chief  Poetical  his- 
tory of  the  World ;  and  Woodworking  for 
Beginners. 

Wheeler,  Charles  Gilbert,  chemist,  geolo- 
gist, inventor,  author,  was  born  July  23. 
1836.  in  Canada.  He  has  traveled  exten- 
sively i  n  Europe, 
Asia,  and  America ; 
and  in  1869  invented 
the  Babcock  chemical 
fire  extinguisher.  He 
has  been  scientific  ex- 
pert for  the  Bell  tele- 
phone company  ;  and 
president  of  the  Chi- 
cago college  of  phar- 
macy. He  was  consul 
at  Chicago  for  the  re- 
public of  Panama.  He 
is  the  author  of  Nat- 
ural Histoi-y  Chart;  The  Terminative  Miner- 
alogy ;  Chemistry  of  Building  Materials ;  and 
Medical  Chemistry. 

Wheeler,  Charles  Kennedy,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  18.  1863,  in  Chris- 
tian county,  Ky.  Since  1880  he  lias  been  en- 
gaged in  the  active  practice  of  law  in  Padu- 
cah,  Ky. ;  and  was  corporation  counsel  for 
Ihe  city  in  1894-95.  In  1897-1903  he  was  a 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  fifty- 
fifth,  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-seventh  congresses 
as  a  democrat. 

Wheeler,  Charles  Stearns,  scholar,  author, 


was  born  Dec.  19,  1816,  in  Lincoln,  Maine. 
He  was  a  classical  scholar ;  and  published 
an  edition  of  Herodotus  from  the  text  of 
Schweighauser.  He  died  June  13,  1843,  in 
Leipsic,    Germany. 

Wheeler,  Crosby  Howard,  missionary,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1823  in  Maine.  -He  was  a 
missionary  to  Turkey.  He  was  the  author 
of  Little  Children  in  Eden;  Letters  from 
Eden ;  Ten  Years  on  the  Euphrates ;  Odds 
and  Ends  ;  and  Grace  Illustrated.  He  died 
in  1896. 

Wheeler,  Cyrenus,  inventor,  was  born 
March  21,  1817,  in  Seekonk,  Mass.  lnJS35 
he  was  engaged  in  farming  ;  and  turned  his 
attention  toward  the  improvement  of  farm 
implements.  In  1853  he  produced  the  first 
succssful  mowing  machine;  and  over  twen- 
ty patents  on  other  implements  were  also 
issued  by  him.  For  twenty  years  he  was 
justice  of  the  peace  at  Venice ;  for  two  years 
was  town  supervisor ;  and  for  one  year  was 
school  inspector.  In  1882-90  he  was  mayor 
of  Auburn,  N.Y.  He  died  March  24,  1899. 
in  Auburn,  N.Y. 

Wheeler,  Daniel  Davis,  soldier,  was  born 
July  12,  1841.  in  Cavendish,  Vt.  He  served 
in  the  civil  war  from  second  lieutenant  to 
lieutenant-colonel.  He  then  joined  the  regu- 
lar army ;  and  attained  the  rank  of  adju- 
tant (luartcrmaster-general.  In  1903  he  was 
retired  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in 
the  United  States  army,  after  forty  years  of 
service. 

Wheeler,  Daniel  Hilton,  clergyman,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  Nov.  19, 
1829,  in  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  was  a  methodist 
clergyman  ;  and  in  1883-87  was  president  of 
Allegheny  college.  Meadville,  Pa.  He  was 
the  author  of  Brigandage  in  South  Italy ; 
By- Ways  of  Literature  ;  and  Our  Industrial 
I'topia'and  Its  Unhappy  Citizens.  He  died 
June  18.  1902.  in  Meadville.  Pa. 

Wheeler,  Edward  Francis,  clcrfrynian,  was 
born  in  1862.  in  Grafton.  Vt.  He  attended 
the  Dartmouth  college;  graduated  from  Bow- 

doin  college  in  1883 ; 
from  the  Hartford 
theological  seminary 
in  1889,  and  subse- 
quently took  a  post- 
,f      g  J  graduate      course      in 

^    -m        jf^  that     institution.       In 

n  .^K^     *  1884-85   he   was   home 

missionary  in  western 
Minnesota  ;  has  been 
pastor  of  the  (irace 
union  church  of  North 
Wilbraham,  Mass.  ; 
and  is  now  pastor  of 
the  congregational  church  of  the  redeemer, 
at  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  has  been  secretary 
and  treasurer  of  the  Missouri  state  asso- 
ciation of  congregational  churches;  and  has 
coiifribntcd  extensively  to  church  literature. 
Wheeler,  Dora,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
March  12,  1858.  in  Jamaica.  L.I.  Though 
devoting  herself  mainly  to  decorative  design- 
ing,   she    has    also    painted    several    pictures. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


655 


Among  these  are  a  series  of  portraits  of 
Englisli  aud  American  authors,  including 
Tliomas  Bailey  Aldrich,  James  Russell  Low- 
ell, Walt  Whitman,  Charles  Dudley  Warner, 
John  Burroughs,  Austin  Dobsou  aud  Waller 
Besaut. 

Wheeler,  Edward  Jewitt,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  burn  March  11,  1859,  in  Cleve- 
land, Oiiio.  iSince  1895  he  has  been  editor  of 
the  Literary  Digest  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  Stories  in  Rhyme  for  Holi- 
day Time;  Prohibition — the  Principle,  the 
Policy,  the  Party;  and  The  Dutchman. 

Wheeler,  Everett  Pepperrell,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  :\[arch  lU,  1840,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1876-78  he  was  a  member  of  the 
boaVd  of  education  of  New  Y^ork  City;  and 
in  1883-89  and  1895-97  was  chairman  of 
the  New  York  City  civil  service  commis- 
sion. In  1889-90  he  was  president  of  the 
reform  club;  since  1891  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Eastside  house;  since  1903  has 
been  vice-president  of  the  American  bar  as- 
sociation; and  since  1895  chairman  of  its 
committee  on  international  law;  and  is  now 
chairnuin  of  the  special  committee  on  law 
reform.  lie  is  the  author  of  Wages  and  the 
TarilF;  Modern  Law  of  Carriers;  Daniel 
Webster,  the  Expounder  of  the  Constitu- 
tion;  and  (itlier  works. 

Wl  eeler,  Ezra,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  legis 
lator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1820,  in 
Chenango  county,  N.Y.  In  1852  he  Avaa 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  Wisconsin;  and 
in  1854-()2  was  county  judge.  In  18G3-65  he 
was  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  to  the 
tJiirty-eighth  congress.  He  died  in  Wiscon- 
sin. 

Wheeler,  Frank  W.,  shipbuilder,  congress- 
man, was  born  .March  2,  1853,  in  Chaumont, 
N.Y.  He  and  his  father  were  engaged  ex- 
tensively in  sliipbuilding  at  the  bay  cities 
in  1877;  and  the  yard  they  established  has 
grown  to  be  the  largest  wood  shipbuilding 
plant  in  the  United  States.  In  1889-91  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty-first  con- 
gress as  a  republican. 

Wheeler,  George  Montague,  soldier,  civil 
engineer,  was  born  (Jet.  9,  1842,  in  Grafton, 
Mass.  In  1869  he  waa  sent  to  make  a  geo- 
graphical roconnoissance  in  central  Nevada; 
and  in  1871  he  took  the  field  with  a  force 
of  surveyors  and  scientists.  His  orgatii/a- 
tion  assumed  the  title  of  the  Geographical 
survey  of  tlie  territory  of  the  United  States 
west  of  the  one  luindrtHlth  nu-ridian,  of 
whicli  he  became  superintending  engineer. 

Wheeler,  Grattan  H.,  state  senator,  con- 
gre.s.sinan,  was  born  in  Wheeler,  N.Y.  In 
1831-33  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  tlie  twenty-second  congress.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  from 
Steuben  county  for  four  years;  and  was  one 
year  a  member  of  the  state  senate.  He 
died  in  18.V2,  in  New  York. 

Wheeler,  Hamilton  K.,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  5,  1848,  in 
Ballston,  N.Y.  In  1884  he  was  elected  to 
the  state  senate  of  Illinois.    He  was  one  of 


the  one  hundred  and  three  who  took  active 
part  in  the  famous  senatorial  contest  of 
Illinois,  which  resulted  in  the  election  of 
General  Logan  to  the  United  States  senate. 
In  1893-95  he  -was  a  representative  to  the 
fift.y-third  congress  as  a  republican. 

Wheeler,  Harris  Ansel,  manufacturer,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  July  30,  1850,  in 
Orrington,  Maine.  In  1872-74  he  was  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  United  States  army. 
In  1893-98  he  was  brigadier-general  in  the 
Illinois  national  guard.  Since  1902  he  has 
been  president  of  the  Orchard  Lake  military 
academy  of  Michigan.  He  invented  the 
Wheeler  coach  and  car  seats;  and  organized 
and  is  president  of  the  Northwestern  ex- 
panded metal  company  of  Chicago,  111. 

Wheeler,  Harrison  H.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  March 
22,  1839,  in  Lapeer  county,  Mich.  In  1870- 
73  he  was  state  senator.  He  moved  to  Lud- 
ington,  ^licJ!.;  and  was  appointed  circuit 
judge  in  1874.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Michigan  to  the  fifty-second 
congress.  He  died  July  29,  1896,  in  Michi- 
gan. 

Wheeler,  Hay  den  Willard,  merchant,  man- 
ufacturer, was  born  Nov.  25,  1827,  in  On- 
ondaga county,  N.Y.  In  1853-88  he  was 
connected  with  a  New  York  jewelry  house. 
In  1873  he  organized  the  Bi'ooklyn  watch 
case  company. 

Wheeler,  Henry,  soldier,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  22,  1835,  in  England. 
In  1855  he  became  a  clergj'man  of  the  meth- 
odist  episcopal  church;  and  during  the  civil 
war  was  chaplain  of  the  seventeenth  Penn- 
sylvania volunteer  cavalry.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Deaconesses  Ancient  and  Modern; 
One  tliousand  Questions  and  Answers  on 
Methodism;  Tlie  Probationer;  and  other 
religious  works. 

Wheeler,  Henry  Nathan,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Sept.  3,  1850,  in  Concord, 
Mass.  He  was  formerly  an  instructor  in 
mathematics  at  Harvard  university;  and 
was  engaged  in  educational  publishing  work 
in  Boston.  He  was  the  author  of  Plane 
and  Spherical  Trigonometry;  The  Elements 
of  Logarithms;  and  Second  Lessons  in 
Arithmetic.  He  died  in  1905,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Wheeler,  Herbert  Allen,  educator,  mining 
engineer,  author,  wa.s  born  in  1859,  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.Y.  In  1880  he  graduated  from  the 
school  of  mines  of  rolmnbia  college  witli 
llie  degree  of  10.  M.;  and  for  twelve  years 
he  was  ])rofessor  of  mining  in  Washington 
university,  lie  was  the  first  president  of 
the  .\ini  rican  ceramic  society.  He  has  been 
manager  of  the  Standaid  tile  company; 
manag<T  of  tlie  I'enieant  lead  company;  and 
president  of  the  Hli/.abeth  had  company, 
lie  is  now  a  consulting  mining  engineer  of 
St.  I^onis,  .Mo.;  and  wi'.s  a  prominent  mem- 
bei-  of  the  mining  dejiartment  of  the  St. 
Louis  world's  fair.  lie  is  the  author  of 
Missouri  Clays. 

Wheeler,  Hoyt  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 


656 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


senator,  was  born  Aug.  30,  1833,  in  Chester- 
lit4d,  N.H.  He  was  a  representative  in  the 
Vermont  legislature  in  1867  from  Jamaica; 
and  a  state  senator  in  1868-69.  He  was^a 
judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1869-77; 
when  he  was  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict judge  for  the  district  of  Vermont.  He 
(lied  in    1906.  in  Brattleboro,  Yt. 

Wheeler,  Mrs.  Jennie  Pearl  Mowbray,  lit- 
terateur, author,  was  born  in  1865,  in  Min- 
neapolis, Minn.  She  is  the  wife  of  the  late 
Andrew  Carpenter  Wheeler  of  New  York 
City.  She  is  the  co-author  of  A  Journey  to 
Nature;  The  Conquering  of  Kate;  Tangled 
Up  in  Beulah  Land;  and  The  :Making  of  a 
Country  Home. 

Wheeler,  Jerome  Winthrop,  banker,  was 
born  Jan.  15,  1863.  in  Kenosha,  Wis.  He 
graduated  from  the  ^Ic^NIynn  academy  of 
Racine,  Wis.  He  has  been  connected  as 
bookkeeper  and  cashier  with  several  banks; 
and  in  1905  became  president  of  the  First 
national  bank  of  Crookston.  He  became 
president  of  the  First  state  bank  of  Hum- 
boldt, president  of  the  First  state  bank  of 
]5eltrami  aiul  president  of  the  First  State 
bank  of  Euclid.  He  is  also  president  of  the 
Capital  trust  company  of  St.  Paul  and 
other  corporations. 

Wheeler,  John,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  March  11,  1798,  in  (4rafton,  Vt. 
Jn  1833-49  he  was  president  of  the  univer- 
sity of  Vermont.  He  was  the  author  of 
Sermons  and  Addresses.  He  died  April  16, 
1862,  in   Burlington.  Vt. 

Wheeler,  John,  merchant,  congressman, 
was  Ixirn  in  1823.  in  Darby,  Conn.  He  en- 
tered the  mercantile  business  in  New  York 
City;  and  subsequently  engaged  in  hotel- 
keeping.  In  1853-57  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirty-third  and 
thirtv- fourth  congresses.  He  died  in  New- 
York. 

Wleeler,  John  Wilson,  manufacturer, 
banker,  founder,  was  born  Nov.  20.  1832,  in 
He  learned  the  carpenter's 
trade;  and  in  1856 
entered  the  general 
store  of  Daniel  Pom- 
e  r  0  y  of  Orange, 
Mass.;  and  t  h  r  e  e 
years  later  he  became 
proprietor.  In  1867 
he  became  connected 
with  the  business  of 
manufacturing  sewing 
machines;  and  in  1869 
the  name  of  the  cor- 
poration became  the 
(lold  ^ledal  sewing 
machine"company ;  of  which  he  was  secre- 
tary and  trea.snier.  Sincse  1882  the  name 
of  this  corporation  lias  been  known  as 
the  New  Home  sewing  machine  company 
of  Orange,  Mass.  He  •  was  its  vice- 
president,  secretary  and  treasurer  until 
1898,  when  he  was  appointed  presidi-nt.  He 
is  president  of  the  the  Orange  national 
bnnk  :    is  president  of  the  Leavett  machine 


Orange,  iNlass. 


company.  For  nuinj'  years  was  president 
of  the  Orange  board  of  trade;  and  in  1877 
was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  state 
legislature. 

Wheeler,  John  Hill,  Ic^gislator,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  6,  1896,  in  Murfrees- 
boro,  N.C.  He  entered  the  house  of  com- 
mons as  a  member  from  his  native  county, 
and  served  four  years  successively.  He 
was  appointed  superintendent  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  branch  mint  in  1836,  at  Char- 
lotte, N.C;  and  in  1842  was  elected  treas- 
lu'cr  of  the  state  of  North  Carolina.  In 
1852  lie  was  appointed  minister  resident  to 
the  Republic  of  Nicaragua.  He  was  the 
author  of  the  Historj^  of  North  Carolina ; 
Legislative  Manual  of  North  Carolina;  and 
Reminiscences  and  ]\Iemoirs  of  North  Caro- 
lina. He  died  Dec.  7,  1882,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Wheeler,  Joseph,  soldier,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  10,  1836,  in  Au- 
gusta, (4a.   -He  graduated  from  West  Point 

in  1859;  was  lieuten- 
ant of  cavalry  and 
served  in  New  Mex- 
ico; and  resigned  in 
1861.  He  was  lieuten- 
ant of  artillery  in  the 
confederate  a  r  m  y  ; 
was  successively  pro- 
moted to  the  com- 
mand of  a  regiment, 
brigade,  division  and 
army  corps,  and  in 
1862  was  assigned  to 
the  command  of  the 
army  corps  of  cavalry  of  the  western  armj', 
continuing  in  that  position  until  the  war 
closed.  By  joint  resolution  of  the  confed- 
erate congress  he  received  the  thanks  of 
that  body  for  successful  military  operations, 
and  for  tlie  defense  of  the  city  of  Aiken 
received  the  thanks  of  the  state  of  South 
Carolina.  In  1864  he  became  the  senior 
cavalry  general  of  the  confederate  armies, 
lie  was  aj>pointe(l  professor  of  philosophy, 
Louisiana  state  seminary  in  1866,  which  he 
(it'clined.  He  was  lawyer  and  planter,  and 
in  1881-83  and  1885-1901  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  forty-seventli,  forty-ninth, 
liftieth,  fifty-first,  fifty-second,  fifty-third, 
lifty-fourth,  fifty-fiftli  and  fifty-sixth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat.  In  1898  he  was  com- 
missioned major-general  in  the  United 
States  volunteer  army  raised  for  the  Cu- 
ban war;  and  served  in  Cuba  and  the 
I'hilippines.  He  died  in  1906,  in  Wheeler, 
Ala. 

Wheeler,  Junius  Brutus,  civil  engineer, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Feb.  21,  1830, 
in  ]\Iurfreesboro,  N.C.  He  was  a  military 
engineer;  and  professor  at  West  Point  in 
1860-85.  He  was  the  author  of  Civil  En- 
gimcring;  Art  and  Science  of  War;  Ele- 
ments of  Field  Fortifications;  and  Mili- 
tary Engineering.  He  died  July  15,  1886, 
in  Ix'noir.  N.C. 
Wheeler,    Marianna,    nurse,    author,    was 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


657 


to 


born  Nov.  9,  1856,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  She 
liad  full  cliarge  of  tlie  medical  work;  and 
in  1!»0()  bt'CiUiie  superintendent  of  the 
babies'  liospital  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  She 
organized  a  training  school  for  nursery 
maids.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Baby, 
His  Care  and  Training;  and  Plain  Hints 
ior  Busy   Mothers. 

Wheeler,  Mrs.  Mary  Sparkes,  lecturer,  au- 
tlior,  jKiet.  was  born  June  21,  1835,  in 
England.      She    is    the    author   of    the    two 

well-known      soldiers' 
decoration  hymns, 

entitled        Peacefully 
Rest;    and    Scatter 
Love's    Beautiful 
O  a  r  1  a  n  d  s       Above 
Them.        Her      poems 
have  been  set  to  mu- 
sic   by    Professor 
Sweeney,  P.  P.  Bliss, 
Kirkpatrick    and    oth- 
ers.    She    is    the    au- 
[ thor  of  a  volume  en- 
titled  Poems   for   the 
Fireside;  ]\Iodern  Cosmogony  and  the  Bible; 
and    otlicr    works. 
Wheeler,  Nathaniel  manufacturer,  inven- 
r,  state  senator,  was  born   Sept.  7,   1820, 
in  AVatertown,  Conn.     In  1850  he  made  the 

acquaintance  of  Allan 
B.  Wilson,  who  was 
engaged  in  perfecting 
a  sewing  machine, 
but  needed  aid  in  pat- 
enting his  invention 
and  introducing  it  to 
the  public.  Wilson 
induced  Mr.  Wheeler 
to  join  in  that  en- 
terprise; and  in  1852 
the  machine  was  pat- 
ented in  the  firm- 
-^  name  of  Wheeler  and 

Wilson.  In  1853  the  Wheeler  and  Wilson 
manufacturing  company  was  founded.  He 
served  six  sessions  in  the  state  senate 
and  house  of  the  Connecticut  legislature; 
and  has  taken  out  patents  for  variovis  in- 
ventions in  sewing  machines,  railway  cars, 
heating  and  ventilation  of  buildings,  and 
wood  linishing.  He  died  Dec.  31,  1893,  in 
Bridgeport,   Conn. 

Wheeler,  Nelson  P.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  4,  1841,  in  Port- 
ville.  X.V.  He  received  an  academic  edu- 
calioii.  He  was  engaged  in  the  hunbiT 
JMisitHss  and  in  fanning:  and  was  a  di- 
rectfir  of  sevi-ral  banks.  In  ISOfi  he  was  a 
county  commissioner;  and  in  1878-70  was 
a  nu'inbi-r  of  tlie  Pennsylvania  state  legis- 
lature. In  1!)07-11  lie  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  sixtietli  and  six- 
ty-first  congresses 

Wheeler,  Orlando  Belina,  civil  engineer, 
was  born  Nov.  20.  in  IS.55.  in  Lodi.  Mich. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  I'nited  Stat<'S  as- 
sistant engineer  under  the  Missouri  river 
commission.      His    writings,    principally    re- 


ports, liave  appeared  in  the  annual  vol- 
umes of  the  chief  of  engineers  of  tlie  United 
States  army;  and  of  the  superintedent  of 
the  I'nited  States  naval  observatory.  He 
died   in    1895. 

Wheeler,  Post,  historian,  diplomat,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Aug.  6,  1869,  in  Owe- 
wego,  N.Y.  He  spent  some  time  among 
the  Tukudh  Indians  in  the  arctic  regions; 
and  lias  writti-n  raucli  of  interest  concern- 
ing them.  He  was  one  of  the  editors  of 
the  New  York  Press;  and  in  1906  was  ap- 
pointed second  secretary  of  the  American 
embassy  at  Japan.  He  is  tlie  author  of 
The  Writer;  Reflections  of  a  Bachelor;  and 
Love-in-a-Mist;  and  Poems. 

Wheeler,  Samuel,  soldier,  inventor,  was 
born  in  1742,  in  Weccaco,  Pa.  During  the 
revolution  he  served  in  the  American  army. 
His  reputation  as  a  blacksmitk  reached 
general  Washington,  who  one  day  sent  for 
him  and  told  him  he  wished  a  chain  made 
to  |daee  across  the  Hudson  river  at  West 
Point  to  arrest  the  British  ships.  It  was 
liung  across  the  river  and  did  good  service. 
He  made  a  cannon  cut  of  bars  of  iron,  by 
welding,  which  he  used  at  the  battle  of 
Brandywine,  and  was  the  wonder  and  ad- 
miration of  the  American  officers.  He  also 
made  hay  scales,  hoisting  machines,  screws, 
and  lanterns  for  lightliouses.  He  died  May 
10.  1S20,  ill  Pliiladelphia.  Pa. 

Wheeler,  Schuyler  Skaats,  electrical  en- 
gineer, author,  was  born  May  17,  1860,  in 
New  York  City.  Since  1889  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Crocker  Wheeler  company 
of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
Practical  Management  of  Dynamos  and 
.Motors. 

Wheeler,  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1620.  in  iMiglaiid.  In  1075  he  was  ajiiioin'ted 
a  military  escort  to  Captain  Kdward  Hutch- 
ison of  Boston,  who  was  commissioned  by 
the  council  to  treat  with  the  sachems  in 
the  Nipniuck  country.  His  narrative  of 
the  ex|)cdilion  is  preserved  in  tlie  Collec- 
tions of  New  Hampshire  historical  society. 
He  died  Dec.  16.  1686.  in  Concord,  IMass. 

Wheeler,  William  Almon,  vice-president 
Cnited  States,  lawyer,  banker,  state  sen- 
ator, rciigrcssiiian.  was  born  June  30,  1819, 

in    I^Ialone,    N.Y.      In 

1850-51  he  was  a 
member  of  the  New 
York  state  legisli- 
ture;  an<l  in  1857-58 
of  the  state  senate. 
He  was  for  many 
years  engaged  in  tlie 
banking  business;  and 
was  president  of  the 
()  g  d  e  II  s  b  u  r  g  a  n  d 
Houses'  railroad  com- 
pany. He  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1867:  and  was 
elect..!  its  presidenr.  In  1861-63  and  1869- 
77  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  thirty-seventh,  forty-first,  forty-sec- 


65S 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Olid,  forty-third  and  forty-fourth  congresses. 
In  1877-81  he  was  vice-president  of  the 
United  States.  He  died  June  4,  1887,  in 
Mew    York. 

Wheeler,  William  Adolphus,  librarian,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  14,  1833,  in  Leicester, 
Mass.  He  was  a  librarian  of  Boston;  and 
besides  editing  an  edition  of  Webster's 
Dictionary,  was  tlie  author  of  Noted  Names 
of  Fiction;  Familiar  Allusions;  and  Who 
Wrote  It?  a  literary  index.  He  died  Oct. 
28,  1874,  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 

Wheelock,  Eleazar,  college  president, 
toundcr,  was  bom  April  22,  1711,  in  Wind- 
ham, Conn.  He  was  the  founder  and  first 
president  of  Dartmouth  college.  In  175o 
ne  established  Moor's  Indian  charity  school, 
which  siibsecjuentlv  became  Dartmouth  col- 
lege.    He   died    ApVil   24,    1779. 

Wheelock,  George  Alexander,  lawyer, 
naturalist,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1816,  in  Win- 
chester, N.H.  For  twenty-five  years  he 
was  chairman  of  the  scliool  board  of  Keene, 
N.H. ;  and  served  two  years  in  the  state 
legislature.  For  many  years  he  was  presi- 
dent of  Ashuelot  national  bank;  and  was 
a  comniisstoner  and  donor  of  Wheelock 
park.    He  died  in  Keene,  N.H. 

Wheelock,  Mrs.  Irene  Grosvenor,  writer, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1867,  in  Monroe, 
Mich.  She  is  the  autlior  of  Nestlings  of 
Forest  and  Marsh:   and  Birds  of  California. 

Wheelock,  John,  college  president,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  28,  1754,  in  Leba- 
non, Conn.  In  1774  he  was  a  member  of 
the  ])rovincial  congress.  He  Avas  a  lieuten- 
ant in  the  continental  army.  For  thirty-six 
years  he  was  president  of  Dartmouth  col- 
lege. Under  him  tlie  present  Dartmouth 
hall  was  built  in  178C;  and  the  medical  de- 
partment was  established  in  1798.  He  died 
A]iril  4,  1817,  in  Hanover,  N.H. 

Wheeler,  Joseph,  soldier,  was  born  in  1836 
in  Cieorgia.  In  18.19  he  was  brevetted  sec- 
ond lieutenant  of  the  first  dragoons;  and 
during  the  civil  war  was  a  lieutenant-gen- 
eral in  the  confederate  states  army.  In 
1898  he  became  major-general  of  volun- 
teers; in  1899  became  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers;  and  in  1900  was  retired  as  brig- 
adier-general in  tne  United  States  army. 
He    died    Jan.    25,    1906.    in    Brooklyn,    N.Y. 

Wheelock,  Joseph  Albert,  journalist, 
founder,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1831,  in  Nova 
Scotia.  In  1860-61  he  was  commissioner 
of  statistics  of  ]\Iinn(>sota  and  ])ostmaster 
of  St.  Paul  in  1871-75.  InJ_861,  with  others, 
he  founded  the  St.  Paul  Press,  and  in  1862 
became  its  editor.  Since  that  time  he  has 
been  editor  of  the  St.  Paul  Press;  and  of 
the  Pioneer  Press  in  1871-75.  He  died  Mav 
9,   1906,  in   St.   Paul.  iMinn. 

Wheelock,  Mrs.  Julia  Susan,  hospital 
nurse,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1833,  in  Avon,  Ohio. 
In  1865-73  she  held  a  clerkship  in  the  Unit- 
ed States  treasury  department.  In  1873  she 
married  Parter  C.  Freeman.  Her  journal 
was   publislied  as   The   Boys   in   White,  the 


Experience    of    a    Hospital    Agent    in    and 
around  Washington. 

Wheelwright,  Edmund  March,  architect, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  14,  1854,  in  Rox- 
bury, JMass.  He  was  consulting  architect 
of  the  Cambridge  bridge;  the  Hartford 
bridge;  the  Boston  museum  of  fine  arts; 
and  the  Cleveland  museum  of  fine  arts. 
He   is  the  author  of  School  Architecture. 

Wheelwright,  Jonn  Tyler,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  26,  1856,  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 
He  was  assistant  corporation  counsel  of 
Boston  in  1896;  acting  as  park  commis- 
sioner in  1897.  He  is  the  author  of  Rollo's 
Journey  to  Cambridge;  A  Child  of  the  Cen- 
tury, a   novel;    and  A  Bad  Penny. 

Wheelwright,  William,  capitalist  phil- 
anll^ropist  v,  as  l)orn  in  1798  in  Newbury- 
]iort  Mass.  He  formed  the  Pacific  naviga- 
tion company  which  operated  over  fifty 
steamers.  He  built  several  railroads  in 
Soutl:  America.  He  gave  half  a  million  dol- 
lars for  benevolent  purposes  and  left  one 
hundred  thousand  dollars  to  found  a  scien- 
tific scliool  in  Newburyport.  He  died  Sept. 
26,    1873.   in   London,   England. 

Wheildon,  William  Willder,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  17,  1805,  in  Boston, 
I\Iass.  He  was  a  journalist  of  Ciiarlestown 
in  1827-70;  and  long  a  resident  of  Con- 
cord. He  was  tiie  author  of  Letters  from 
Nahant;  Contributions  to  Thought;  Now 
History  of  the  Battle  of  Bunker  Hill;  The 
Arctic  ivegions;  and  Curiosities  of  His- 
tory. He  died  Jan.  7,  1892,  in  Concord, 
Jlass. 

Whelan,  Charles  Elbert,  lecturer,  lawyer, 
autlior,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1862,  in  Ma- 
zoiiianie.  Wis.  He  was  a  journalist  until 
1894,  when  he  graduated  in  law  from  the 
university  of  Wisconsin  with  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  In  1897-99  he  was  assistant  attor- 
ney-general of  Wisconsin;  and  in  1898-99 
was  niayor  of  IMadison.  In  1899-1900  he 
was  grand  master  of  masons  of  Wisconsin. 
Since  1899  he  has  been  head  of  the  lectur- 
ers of  the  modern  woodmen  of  America. 
He  is  the  author  of  Bascom  Clarke  South- 
ern Refugee;  and  numerous  short  stories 
and   poems. 

Whelan,  James,  clergyman,  bishop,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  8,  1823,  in  Ireland.  He 
was  a  Roman  catholic  bishop  of  Nashville. 
He  was  the  author  of  Catena  Aurena,  or 
Papal  Infallibility  no  Novelty.  He  died  Feb. 
18,  1878,  in  Zanesville.  0...0. 

Whelan,  Richard  Vincent,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1809,  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.  In  1840  he  was  appointed  bish- 
op of  Richmond,  Va.  He  established  schools 
for  boys,  a  seminai}'  and  cluirches.  In  1850 
the  diocese  was  divided;  and  he  was  aj)- 
])ointed  bishop  of  Wheeling,  Va.  He  died 
July   7.   1874,  in   Baltimore,  Md. 

Whelpley,  Edward  W.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1858  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
snin-eme  court  of  New  Jersey;  and  in  1861- 
64  lie  was  chief  justice. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


659 


Whelpley,  Henry  Milton,  physician,  biol- 
ogist, author,  was  born  May  24,  18(il,  in 
Battle   Creek,   Mich.    In    1883   he   graduated 

from  the  St.  Louis 
college  of  pharmacy; 
and  since  1884  lie 
has  been  professor  ol 
microscopy  in  that 
institution.  In  1890 
he  graduated  from 
the  Missouri  medical 
college;  in  1890-1900 
was  professor  of  phy- 
s  i  o  1  o  g  y,  histology 
and  microscopy  in 
that  institution;  and 
in  1890-98  also  filled 
llie  same  chair  in  the  St.  Louis  post-grad- 
uate school.  In  1900-07  he  was  professor 
of  materia  medica  and  pliarmacy  in  the 
medical  department  of  the  Wasiiington  uni- 
versity. Since  1887  he  lias  been  editor  of 
tlie  M'eyer  Brotliers  Druggist  of  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  since  1900  secretary  of  the  United 
States  pharmacopueial  convention;  since 
1891  has  been  secretary  of  the  Missouri 
state  pharmaceutical  association;  and 
since  1902  has  been  secretary  of  council 
American  pliarmaceutical  association.  He 
is  the  author  of  Curtman's  Chemical  Lec- 
ture Notes;  and  Whelpley's  Therapeutic 
Terms. 

Whelpley,  James  Davenport,  pliyslcian, 
journalist,  was  born  Jan.  23,  1817,  in  New 
York  City.  In  1847  he  removed  to  New 
York  City,  where  he  became  editor  and 
one  of  the  owners  of  the  American  Whig 
Review,  to  whicli  he  had  been  a  contribu- 
tor since  1845.  He  died  April  15,  1872,  in 
Boston.  Mass. 

Whelpley,  Samuel,  clergyman,  educator, 
author,  was  born  in  176(5,  in  Stockbridg*', 
Mass.  He  was  a  baptist  clergyman  and 
( ducator  of  New  Jersey.  He  was  the  au- 
tiior  of  Letters  on  Capital  Punishment:  a 
once  popular  Coinpcn<l  of  History;  and  Tlie 
Triangle,  a  theological  discussion.  He  died 
.Inly    14.    1817,   in   New    York  City. 

Wherry,  Elwood  Morris,  clergyman,  mis- 
sioniiry,  awtlior,  was  Ixirii  March  20.  1843, 
in  Soiitli  Bend,  Pa.  In  18(17-89  and  since 
1898  he  has  been  a  presbyterian  mission- 
ary in  India.  He  is  the  author  of  Islan, 
or  the  Religion  of  the  Turk;  Tlie  Moslem 
Controversy;  and  islam  and  Christianity 
in    Indiii    ;ind    the    Far    I'last. 

Wherry,  William  M..  soldier,  autiior,  was 
born  Se|>t.  13.  l.S3(i,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In 
lS(il-(Ji>  he  served  in  the  civil  war.  He 
served  on  the  frontier  against  the  Indians; 
and  during  the  Spanish-American  war  was 
a  brigadier-general  in  the  I'nited  States 
army.  He  was  subsecpiently  retin'd.  He 
is  tlie  author  of  Lyon's  Campaign  in  Mis- 
souri. 

Whicher,  George  Meason,  educator,  au- 
thor. In  1892-1900  he  was  professor  of 
(Jreek  and  Latin  in  the  Packer  institute  of 
Brooklyn,    N.Y. ;    and    since    1900    has    been 


head  of  the  classical  department  in  the 
New  York  normal  college.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  First  Latin  Readings;  Selections 
from   \iri  Roma;;   and  Pliny's  Epistles. 

WHgham,  Henry  James,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  24,  1869,  in  Scotland. 
During  tiie  Spanisli-American  war  he  was 
war  correspondent  of  the  Chicago  Tribune. 
He  subsequently  was  a  war  correspondent 
in  South  Africa;  and  in  1900  he  went  to 
Cliina  as  a  war  correspondent  for  Scrib- 
ner's  ^Magazine.  In  1896-97  he  w^as  the 
amateur  golf  champion  of  the  United 
States.  He  is  the  author  of  How  to  Play 
Golf. 

Whinery,  Samuel,  civil  engineer,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  20,  1845,  near  Salem,  Ohio. 
Since  1868  he  has  been  engaged  in  the 
construction  of  railroads.  In  1901  he  was 
president  of  the  Warren  Scharf  asphalt 
paving  company;  and  is  now  a  consulting 
civil  engineer  of  New  Y^ork  City.  He  is 
the    author    of    ^Municipal   Works. 

Whipple,  Abraham,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Sept.  16,  1733,  in  Providence,  R.I.  In 
1775  Rhode  Ishvnd  fitted  out  two  armed 
vessels,  and  he  was  put  in  command  and 
made  commodore;  and  he  fired  the  first 
gun  of  the  revolution  on  the  water.  In 
1779  he  captured  eight  prizes,  valued  at 
one  million  dollars.  He  died  May  2,  1819, 
in    ^larietta,   Ohio. 

Whipple,  Amiel  Weeks,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, was  born  in  1818  in  Greenwich, 
Mass.  At  the  opening  of  the  civil  war  he 
was  assigned  as  chief  topographical  engi- 
neer on  the  staff  of  General  Irvin  Mc- 
Dowell. In  this  capacity  he  w^as  the  au- 
thor of  the  first  maps  of"  that  part  of  Vir- 
ginia that  w-ere  issued  during  the  war  of 
Fredericksburg.  Upon  the  second  advance 
of  the  army  he  w'as  attached  as  chief  to- 
pographical engineer  to  the  statf  of  Gen- 
eral George  B.  McClellan,  but  being  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in 
1862  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  defenses  of  Washington  south  of  Poto- 
mac river.  He  was  appointed  major-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  for  gallantry  in  action. 
He  died  in  battle  May  7,  1863,  in  Wash- 
ington,  n.c. 

Whipple,  Charles  Henry,  soldier,  was 
born  June  12,  1849,  in  Adams,  N.Y.  In 
1871-78  he  was  a  cashier  of  the  Citizen's 
national  oank  of  Faribault,  Minn.  In  1901 
he  was  appointed  deputy  paymaster-gen- 
eral; and  in  1908  was  promoted  brigadier- 
general    and    paymaster-general. 

Whipple,  Charles  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  ill  1S()5.  In  182!)  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Detroit,  IMich.:  and  in  1835 
was  secretary  of  the  Michigan  state  con- 
stitutional convention.  He  was  a  member 
and  speaker  of  the  first  state  house  of 
re|)rcsentatives  in  ^lichigan.  In  1838-55 
was  a  judge  of  the  Michigan  state  supremo 
((•urt;  and  in  1848  was  chief  justice.  He 
died    Oct.    25.    18.-)5,    in    Detroit',    Mich. 

Whipple,    Edwin    Percy,    essayist,    critic, 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


author,  was  born  March  8,  1819,  in  Glou- 
cester, Mass.  He  was  a  Boston  essayist 
and  critic.  He  was  the  author  of  Charac- 
ter and  Characteristic  Men;  Literature  and 
Life;  Essays  and  Reviews;  Success  and  Its 
Conditions;  Literature  of  the  Age  of  Eliza- 
beth; Recollections  of  Eminent  Men,  with 
Other  Papers;  American  Literatui-e,  and 
Other  Papers;  Outlooks  on  Society,  Lit- 
erature, ana  Politics;  and  Rutus  Choate, 
a  volume  of  personal  recollections.  He 
died   June    16,    1886,    in   Boston,   Mass. 

Whipple,  George  Chandler,  sanitary  ex- 
pert, author,  was  born  March  2,  1866,  in 
New  Boston,  N.H.  Since  1889  he  has  been 
in  practice  as  a  sanitary  biologist  and 
chemist  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.;  and  is  now 
rector  of  the  Mount  Prospect  laboratory. 
He  is  the  author  of  Microscopy  of  Drink- 
ing Water;    and  Value   of   Pure   Water. 

Whipple,  John  Adams,  inventor,  Avas 
born  Sept.  10,  1822,  in  Grafton,  Mass.  He 
prepared  his  plates  and  brought  out  his 
pictures  by  steam;  invented  crayon  daguer- 
reotypes, and  crystalotypes,  or  daguerreo- 
types on  glass ;  and  with  the  aid  of  the 
fifteen-inch  equatorial  telescope  of  the  Har- 
vard college  observatory,  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Prof.  William  C.  Bond,  took  a 
daguerreotype  of  the  moon's  surface,  for 
wliitli  lie  was  coinpninented  by  the  Royal 
academy  of  arts  and  sciences  of  London. 
In    1850   he   photographed   Alpha   Lyra. 

Whipple,  Henry  Benjamin,  bishop,  was 
born  Feb.  15,  1822,  in  Adams,  N.Y.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  in  the  private  schools 

of  New  York,  and 
studied  under  Dr. 
William  D.  Wilson 
of  Cornell  university. 
In  1849  he  was  or- 
dained deacon,  and  a 
priest  in  1850.  The 
same  year  he  became 
rector  of  Zion  church, 
Rome,  N.Y.  He  was 
the  rector  of  the 
Church  of  the  holy 
communion  in  Chicago 
in  1857,  where  he  re- 
mained'till  consecrated  protestant  episco- 
pal bishop  of  Minnesota  in  St.  James' 
church,  Richmond,  Va.,  in  1859.  In  1871 
he  was  offered  by  the  archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury the  bishopric  of  the  Sandwich  Is- 
lands. He  is  one  of  the  trustees  of  the 
Peabody  education  fund.  He  built  the 
cathedral  of  the  Merciful  Savior  in  Fari- 
bault, Minn.,  the  first  protestant  cathedral 
built  in  America.  He  founded  and  built 
the  noble  educational  institutions  at  Fari- 
bault, Minn. — the  Seabury  Divinity  school, 
St.  Mary's  Hall  and  tlie  Shattuck' Military 
school.  Bishop  Whipple  has  devoted  much 
of  his  life  to  the  evangelization  of  the  In- 
dians; is  known  among  the  Indians  as 
Straight  Tongue,  and  is  called  the  Apostle 
to  the  Indians.  His  name  is  well  known 
in   England,   and    in    1888,   at   the   Pan-An- 


glican synod,  he  preached  the  opening  ser- 
mon at  Lambeth  Palace.  He  was  present 
at  the  Lambeth  conference  in  1897  as  act- 
ing presiding  bishop  of  the  American 
church,  and  delivered  the  sermon  in  con- 
nection with  the  unveiling  of  the  Tenny- 
son memorial  at  the  Isle  of  Wight.  Bish- 
op Whipple  is  chaplain-general  of  the  so- 
ciety of  the  oons  of  the  revolution.  He 
held  the  first  protestant  service  ever  held 
in  Cuba.  In  1897  he  was  invited  by  Eng- 
land and  the  board  of  missions  in  America 
to  deliver  the  address  at  the  centenary  of 
the  Church  missionary  society  of  England 
as  the  representative  of  the  American 
church.  He  died  Sept.  16,  1901,  in  Fari- 
bault,  Minn. 

Whipple,  Squire,  civil  engineer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  16,  1804,  in  Worcester  coun- 
ty, Mass.  He  began  his  career  as  a  bridge- 
builder  in  1840  by  designing  and  patenting 
an  iron  bridge  truss.  He  obtained  a  pat- 
ent for  his  lift  bridge  in  1872;  and  in  1873- 
74  built  the  first  one  over  the  Erie  canal 
at  Utica,  N.Y.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Way  to  Happiness;  Treatise  on  Bridge 
Building;  and  The  Doctrine  of  Central 
Forces.  He  died  March  15,  1888,  in  Al- 
bany, N.Y. 

Whipple,  Thomas,  physician,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1788  in  Berkshire  coun- 
ty, INIass.  In  1821-29  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Hampshire  to  the  seven- 
teenth, eighteenth,  nineteenth  and  twen- 
tieth congresses.  He  died  Jan.  23,  1835,  in 
Wcntwortli,  N.H. 

Whipple,  William,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  congressman,  was 
born  Jan.  14,  1730,  in  Kittery,  Maine.  In 
1775  he  Avas  a  member  of  the  provincial 
congress:  and  in  1776  was  a  member  of 
the  provincial  council.  In  1776-79  he  was 
a  delegate  from  New  Hampshire  to  the 
continental  congress;  and  was  one  of  the 
signers  of  the  declaration  of  independence. 
In  1777  he  entered  the  army;  and  rose  to 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  In  1782-84 
he  was  financial  receiver  for  New  Hamp- 
shire. He  also  held  the  offices  of  judge  of 
the  superior  court:  and  was  a  commis- 
sioner on  behalf  of  Connecticut  to  settle 
the  land  difficulties  in  Wyoming  Valley. 
He  died  Nov.  28.  1785.  in  Portsmouth,  N.H. 

Whipple,  William  Denison,  soldier,  was 
born  Aug.  2,  1826.  in  Nelson,  N.Y.  In  1851 
he  graduated  from  the  United  States  mil- 
itary academy;  and  in  1865  attained  the 
rank  of  brevet  major-general  in  the  regu- 
lar army.  After  the  civil  war  he  served 
in  adjunct-general's  department,  reaching 
the  rank  of  colonel.  He  retired  from  the 
army  in  1890  with  rank  of  colonel.  He 
died' April   1,  1002.  in  New  York  City. 

Whistler,  Garland  Nelson,  soldier,  was 
born  Aug.  10,  1847.  in  Schenectady.  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  College  inn  of  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.Y.;  and  is  the  son  of  General 
J.  N.  G.  Whistler  of  the  United  states  ar- 
my.    In   1867  ho  became  second   lieutenant 


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661 


ill  the  fifth  artillery;  and  in  1874  became 
first  lieutenant.  In  1898  he  was  made  cap- 
tain of  the  first  artillery;  was  transferred 
to  the  fifth  artillery  the  same  year;  and 
served  in  the  Spanish-American  war  and 
attained  the  rank  of  major.  In  1901  he 
was  transferred  to  the  artillery  corps;  be- 
came lieutenant-colonel  in  the  United 
States  artillery,  commanding  the  artillery 
district  of  New  London;  and  in  1907  was 
promoted  to  colonel. 

Whistler,  George  Washington,  civil  en- 
gineer, was  born  May  19,  1800,  in  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.  In  1834-37  he  was  engaged 
in  the  reproduction  of  a  locomotive  for  the 
Boston  and  Albany  railroad;  and  subse- 
quently attained  success  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  improved  locomotives.  He  died 
April   7,    1849,   in   Russia. 

Whistler,  George  William,  engineer,  was 
born  in  1822  in  Xew  London,  Conn.  He 
was  connected  with  various  railroads  in 
America;  and  was  superintendent  of  the 
Erie,  and  New  York  and  New  Haven  rail- 
roads. In  the  winter  of  1856  he  went  to 
Russia  to  take  charge  of  the  St.  Peters- 
burg and  Moscow  railroad  under  the  Wi- 
nans  contract.  He  died  Dec.  24,  1869,  in 
England. 

Whistler,  James  Abbott  McNeil,  artist, 
author,  was  born  in  1834  in  Lowell,  Mass. 
In  1863-92  he  lived  in  London;  and  in  Paris 
from  the  latter  date.  He  was  the  author 
of  Ten  O'clock;  and  The  Gentle  Art  of 
Making  Enemies.  He  died  in  1903  in  Paris, 
France. 

Whistler,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  1756, 
in  Ireland.  He  was  promoted  captain  in 
1797;  and  in  1803  was  sent  with  his  com- 
pany of  the  first  infantry  from  Detroit  to 
the  head-waters  of  Lake  Michigan,  where 
he  completed  Fort  Dearborn  on  the  site  of 
the  city  of  Chicago.  Having  attained  the 
brevet  rank  of  major,  he  was  appointed  in 
1815  military  store-keeper.  Ho  died  Sept. 
3,  1829,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Whistler,  Joseph  Nelson  Garland,  soldier, 
was  born  Oct.  19.  1822,  at  (Jrcen  Bay.  He 
served  throughout  the  ^Mexican  war.  He 
served  in  the  Richmond  campaign  and  de- 
fenses of  Washington;  and  was  brevettcd 
brigadier-general.  He  died  April  20,  1899, 
in    Fort    Slocum.  N.Y. 

Whistler,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1780  in  Maryland.  In  1812  he  was  cap- 
tain; and  in  1845  was  promoted  to  colo- 
nel. Ho  retired  from  service  in  1861.  At 
his  death  he  was  the  oldest  army  officer 
in  the  United  States,  with  the  excci)tion  of 
General  WinfieM  Scott.  He  died  Dec.  4, 
1863,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Whiston,  William  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  one  of  tlie  United  States  ti'r- 
ritorial  courts  sometime  prior  to  1884, 

Whitacre,  John  J.,  congressman,  was 
born  December  28,  1860.  In  1911-15  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  sixty-second 
and    sixty-third   congresses. 

Whitaicer,   Alexander,  clergyman,  author. 


was  born  in  1585  in  England.  He  was  an 
episcopal  clergyman;  and  came  to  Vir- 
ginia in  1611.  He  baptized  Pocahontas; 
and  oHiciated  at  her  wedding.  He  was  the 
author  of  Good  News  from  Virginia.  He 
died  about   1G13  in  Henrico  county,  Va. 

Whitaker,  Alfred  Marion,  manufacturer, 
was  born  Aug.  3,  1851,  near  Hillsboro, 
Ohio.  In  1877  he  organized  and  was  pro- 
prietor and  manager  of  an  oil  company  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  with  branch  offices  in  many 
of  the  large  cities,  manufacturing  lubricat- 
ing oils  and  white  seal  oil.  He  was  the 
first  person  to  introduce  into  foreign  mar- 
kets what  is  known  as  the  cold  tested 
stock.  He  was  killed  in  a  railroad  acci- 
dent  Feb.    18,    1896,   in   Bedford,   Ohio. 

Whitaker,  Daniel  Kimball,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  April  13,  1801,  in  Sharon, 
Conn.  He  removed  to  New  Orleans  in 
1866,  where  he  founded  and  edited  for 
many  years  the  New  Orleans  Monthly  Re- 
view. He  Avas  corresponding  secretary  of 
the  New  Orleans  academy  of  sciences.  He 
died  April  10,  1881,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Whitaker,  Edward  Washburn,  soldier, 
was  born  in  Connecticut.  He  served 
throughout  the  civil  war;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted    brigadier-general    of    volunteers. 

Whitaker,  Edwards,  soldier,  financier, 
was  born  April  29,  1848,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
He  entered  the  civil  war  in  the  quarter- 
master's department  and  became  shipping 
clerk.  In  1865-74  he  was  engaged  in  the 
banking  business.  He  is  president  of  the 
Lindell  railway  company;  and  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Boatmen's  bank.  He  was  a 
director  of  the  Louisiana  purchase  exposi- 
tion. 

Whitaker,  Epher,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  March  27,  1820,  in  Fairfield,  N.J.  In 
1851-92  he  was  a  presbyterian  pastor  at 
Southold,  Long  Island;  and  pastor  emeri- 
tus since  1892.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
War  of  Death;  New  Fruits  from  an  Old 
Field:  Ready  for  Duty;  Collection  of  Orig- 
inal Hymns;  History  of  Southold,  1640- 
1740;   and   Old  Town"^  Records. 

Whitaker,  George,  clergyman,  college 
presid<'nt,  was  lorn  May  14,  1836,  in  Bos- 
ton, IVIass.  Since  1861  he  has  filled  pas- 
torates in  various  cities;  and  since  1900 
has  been  pastor  of  Trinity  church  of  Cam- 
bridge, IMass.  Since  1906  he  has  been  the 
pastor  of  Centralville  methodist  episcppal 
church.  In  1887-91  he  was  president  of 
Wiley  university  of  Afarshall.  Texas;  in 
1891-92  was  president  of  Willamett  uni- 
versity; and  in  1899-1900  was  president 
of  the  Portland  iiniversity  of  Oregon.  He 
is  now  librarian  of  the  New  England  meth- 
odist historical  society  at  Cambridge,  Mass. 
Whitaker,  Herschel,  government  official, 
scientist,  was  born  July  25,  1847,  in  Turin, 
N.Y.  For  many  years  he  has  been  a  ste- 
nographer in  the  United  States  circuit  and 
district  courts,  eastern  district  of  Michi- 
gan. He  has  been  United  States  commis- 
sioner; United  States  examiner;  member  of 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the  board  of  education;  and  Detroit  sec- 
retary of  the  Michigan  fish  commission. 
For  eight  years  lie  was  president  of  the 
Micliigan  fish  commission;  and  has  been 
twice  president  of  tire  American  Fisheries 
society.  He  died  May  5,  1900,  in  Detroit, 
Midi. 

Whitaker,  Herbert  Coleman,  educator, 
matliematieian,  inventor,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  31,  1862,  at  Cape  May,  N.J.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  jini- 
versity  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  received  the 
degrees  of  B.S..  M.E. 
and  Ph.D.  In  1808- 
1907  he  lectured  on 
economics  and  mathe- 
matics in  the  Phila- 
delphia evening  high 
school.  Since  1887  he 
has  been  professor  of 
mathematics  at  the 
Central  manual  train- 
ing high  school  of 
I'hiladclphia,  Pa.  He  has  invented  a  new 
number  system.  He  is  the  author  of  Text- 
book on  Trigonometry;  and  of  numerous 
magazine  articles  on  economics,  astronomy 
and  mathematics. 

Whitaker,  Lily  C,  poet,  was  born  about 
KS")!),  in  Cluulcston,  S.C.  She  contributed 
to  the  Southern  Quarterly,  under  her 
father's  direction;  and  has  written  for  the 
New  Orleans  press.  She  is  the  author  of 
Doiiata,    and    Other    Poems. 

Whitaker,  Mrs.  Mary  Scrimzeour,  littera- 
teur, author,  jioet,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1820, 
in  Beaufort  district,  S.C.  She  is  a  New 
Orleans  writer.  She  is  the  author  of  Poems; 
and   Albert  Hasting,  a  novel. 

Whitaker,  Nathaniel,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  23,  1732,  in  Long  Island,  N.Y. 
lie  was  a  ]ncsbyterian  clergyman  in  New 
lOngland  and  Virginia.  He  was  the  author 
of  Discourses  on  Reconciliation;  and  Dis- 
courses on  Toryism.  He  died  Jan.  21,  1795, 
ill  Woodbridge.  Va. 

Whitaker,  Ozi  William,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  May  10,  1830,  in  New  Salem, 
Mass.  He  was  elected  missionary  protes- 
tant  e])iscopal  bishop  of  Nevada  and  Ari- 
zona by  the  general  convention  in  New 
York  in"  ISfiS;  and  consecrated  in  1869.  The 
bishop  was  elected  assistant  bishop  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1886;  and  in  1887  became  bish- 
op. He  died  Feb.  9,  1911,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Whitaker,  Robert,  clergyman,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Sept.  9,  1863,  in  England, 
He  has  filled  pastorates  in  Seattle,  Wash., 
Salem,  Ore.,  and  Oakland  and  Palo  Alto, 
Cal.  He  is  the  author  of  God  Garners  No 
Green  Grain,  poem;  My  Country  and  Other 
Verse;  and  th"  l\Tnn 
Been. 

Whitaker,  Walter  G.,  l:n\  yer.  s(d(lier,  was 
born  ill  August,  1823,  in  Shelby  county,  Ky. 
He  served  in  the  Mexican  war.  In  1861  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  state  sen- 


Wlio    ]\light    Have 


ate.  He  took  an  active  part  in  the  battle 
of  Shiloli;  and  was  commissioned  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  pi-o- 
nioted  brevet  major-general  for  gallant  serv- 
ice. At  the  end  of  the  war  he  returned  to 
the  profession  of  law  in  Louisville,  Ky. 
lie   died  July  9,   1887,  in  Lyndon,  Ky. 

Whitaker,  Walter  Claiborne,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1867,  in  Lenoir, 
N.C.  He  is  a  protestant  episcopal  clergy- 
man of  Knoxville,  Tenn.  He  is  the  author 
of  History  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church  in  Alabama;  and  Richard  Hooker 
Wi  liner. 

Whitall,  Samuel  Rucker,  soldier,  was  -born 
May  17,  1844.  in  Michigan.  In  1864  he  was 
commissioned  second  lieutenant  in  the  sec- 
ond New  York  artillery;  and  in  1867  was 
appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the  second 
United  States  infantry.  In  1906  he  was  ad- 
vanced to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  and 
retired. 

Whitaker,  William  Force,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  6,  1863,  in  Southold, 
N.Y.  Since  1876  he  has  filled  pastorates 
in  the  presbyterian  church;  and  since  1907 
has  been  pastor  of  the  first  presbyterian 
church  of  Elizabeth,  N.J.  He  is  the  author 
of  Swiss  Travel;   and  Southold's  Centuries. 

Whitbeck,  Horatio  NelSiOn,  soldier,  was 
bom  in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  second 
lieutenant  in  the  sixty-fifth  regiment  Ohio 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  col- 
onel and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  in   1865. 

Whitcher,  Mrs.  Frances  Miriam,  humorist, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1811,  in  Whites- 
town,  N.Y.  She  Avas  the  wife  of  an  epis- 
copal clergyman  of  Elmira,  N.Y.  She  was 
the  author  of  The  Widow  Bedott  Papers; 
and  Widow  Spriggins,  and  Other  Sketches. 
She  died  Jan.  4,  1852,  in  Whitcstown,  N.Y. 

WhitcomD,  Henry  F.,  railroad  president, 
was  boni  in  1848.  In  1865  he  entered  rail- 
way service;  in  1873-85  was  general  freight 
and  passenger  agent  of  the  Milwaukee, 
Lake  Shore  and  Western  railway;  and  in 
1885-93  was  general  manager  of  that  cor- 
poration. In  1893-99  he  was  receiver  and 
general  manager  of  the  Wisconsin  Central 
lines;  and  in  1899-1906  was  president  of 
the    Wisconsin    Central    railway. 

Whitcomb,  Ida  Prentice,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  Until 
1904  she  was  principal  of  her  own  private 
school.  She  is  the  author  of  Student's 
Topical  History  Chart;  A  Bunch  of  Wild 
Flowers  For  the  Children;  Heroes  of  the 
History;  Young  Folk's  Story  of  Art;  and 
Young  Folk's    Story  of   ]\Iusic. 

Whitcomb,  James,  lawyer.  United  States 
senator,  governor,  was  born  Dec.  1,  1795,  in 
Windsor.  Vt.  In  1826  he  was  appointed 
jirosecuting  attorney  at  Bloomington,  Ind.; 
and  in  1830-35  was  a  member  of  the  state 
senate.  Ife  A\as  ajipointed  comniissioiKM' 
of  the  general  land  office  in  1836;  and  in 
1841  returned  to  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession   at    Terro    Haute,    Ind.      In    1843-48 


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663 


lie  was  till'  seventh  governor  of  Indiana. 
In  lS4!1-o3  lie  was  United  States  senator, 
lie  .lied  Oct.  4.  1S.V2,  in  New  York  City. 
Whitcomb,  John,  s(d(lier,  was  born  in 
1713.  in  Lancaster.  .Mass.  He  won  renown 
as  colonel  of  ^lassacluisetts  troops  in  the 
campaigns  against  Crown  Point.  Ticonder- 
oga  and  Montreal;  and  was  one  of  the 
I'rovincial  eoniniittoe  of  the  war  in  1756. 
Jn  1770  he  was  commissioned  brigadier- 
general;  but  declined  the  commission.  He 
died  Nov.   17,   1785,   in  Lancaster,  Mass. 

Whitcomb,  Merrick,  educator,  author,  was 
horn  Jan.  10.  18.50,  in  Nunda,  N.Y.  In 
1880  he  graduated  from  Harvard  university; 

was  a  post-graduate 
student  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Leipsig;  and 
received  the  degree  of 
Ph.D.  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  is  profes- 
sor of  history  and 
dean  of  the  college  of 
liberal  arts  at  the 
university  of  Cincin- 
nati ;  and  a  member 
of  the  American  his- 
torical association.  He 
is  the  author  of  Source-Book  of  the  Renais- 
sance; Select  Colloquies  of  Erasmus;  and 
History   of  ilodern  Europe. 

Whitcomb,  Selden  Lincoln,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  19,  1866,  in  Grinnell, 
Iowa.  In  ISOo-lOOO  he  was  professor  of 
English  literature  at  the  Iowa  college; 
and  since  l!)().')  has  been  associate  professor 
of  English  literature  at  the  university  of 
Kansas.  He  is  the  aiithor  of  Chronological 
Outlines  of  American  Literature;  and  The 
Study   of  a  Novel. 

White,  Addison,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1851-53  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty- 
second  congress.  He  died  in  Kentucky. 
White,  Albert  Blakeslee,  journalist,  gov- 
ernor, was  bmn  Sept.  22,  1856,  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio.     In   1878  he  graduated  from  Marietta 

college.  He  was  re- 
port e  r  and  became 
managing  editor  of 
the  Daily  Journal  of 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  and 
in  ISSl-!)*)  was  editor 
of  the  State  Journal 
of  Parkersburg.  W. 
Va.  In  1887-88  he 
was  president  of  the 
National  editorial  as- 
sociation; in  1889-1)3 
and  1897-1900  was  col- 
lector of  the  United 
State.s  internal  leveniu-.  In  1907-08  he  was 
state  tax  ecunmissioner.  In  1901-05  he  was 
gitvernor  of  the  state  of  West  Virginia. 
White,  Albert  Smith,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman. I  nited  States  senator,  was  born 
Oct.  24.  1803.  in  Blooming  Grove.  N.Y. 
1837-39  and   1861-63  he  was  a  represen- 


In 


tative  from  Indiana  to  the  twenty-fifth 
and  twenty-seventh  congresses;  and  in  1839- 
45  he  was  a  United  States  senator.  He  was 
president  of  the  Wabash  and  Indianapolis; 
and  of  tlie  Lake  Erie,  Wabash  and  St. 
L(niis  railroad  companies.  After  leaving 
congress  he  was  appointed  a  commissioner 
to  settle  certain  claims  against  the  Sioux 
Indians;  and  in  1864  was  appointed  judge; 
of  the  district  court  of  Indiana.  He  died 
Sept.  4,   1864,  in  Stockwell.  Ind. 

White,  Alexander,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1738,  in  Rappahannock  county,  Va.  In 
1786-88  he  was  a  delegate  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  continental  congress;  and  in 
1789-93  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
first  and  second  congresses.  He  died  in 
September.    1804,   in   Woodville,   Va. 

White,  Alexander,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1816.  in 
Franklin,  Tenn.  In  1851-53  and  1873-75  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  tliirty-second 
and  forty-third  congresses;  was  a  member 
of  the  Alabama  state  convention  of  1865; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  general  assembly 
in  1872.  In  1875  was  appointed  an  asso- 
ciate justice  of  tlie  United  States  court  for 
the  territorv  of  Utah.  He  died  Dec.  13, 
1893,    in    Dallas.    Texas. 

White,  Alexander  Caldwell,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  12,  1833,  near  Kit- 
tanning,  Pa.  In  1867  he  Avas  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  of  JefTerson  county;  and  in 
1870  was  re-elected.  In  1885-87  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
tort y -ninth    congress    as   a   republican. 

White,  Alfred  Treadway,  merchant,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  28.  1846,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  He  is  a  civil  engineer  by  profession, 
but  has  never  practiced;  and  since  1866  has 
been  a  merchant  of  New  Y^'ork  City.  In 
1894-96  he  was  commissioner  of  the  Brook- 
lyn city  works  department;  and  since  1868 
lias  been  a  director  in  the  Brooklyn  chil- 
dren's aid  society.  Since  1878  he  has  been 
secretary  and  president  of  the  Brooklyn 
bureau  of  charities,  of  which  he  was  one  of 
tlie  organizers.  He  is  the  author  of  Im- 
proved Dwellings  for  the  Laboring  Classes; 
Better  Homes  for  the  Working  Men;  and 
Report  on  Additional  Water  Supply  for 
I'rooklyn. 

White,  Allison,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Dec.  21,  1816,  "in  Pennsylvania.  In 
1857-59  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  thirty-fifth  congress.  He 
died    in    Petinsylvania. 

White,  Andrew,  clergyman,  was  born  in 
1579.  in  London.  Kngiand.  He  learned  the 
language  of  tlie  Indians,  and  compiled  a 
grammar,  vocabulary  and  catechism.  lie 
was  the  author  of  Relatio  Itineris  in  IVIary- 
landiam.  He  died  Dec.  27,  1656,  in  London. 
England. 

While,  Andrew  Curtis,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  25,  IS54.  in  Kirkland,  N.Y. 
For  four  years  he  was  instructor  in  Latin 
and  Creek  in  the  Cornell  university:  and 
since    1889   has   been    assistant   librarian   of 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


that  institution.  He  is  the  author  of  Me- 
morials of  Roderick  White;  and  other 
works. 

White,  Andrew  Dickson,  educator,  state 
senator,  diplomat,  author,  was  born  Nov. 
7,  1832,  in  Homer,  N.Y.  In  1857  he  was 
elected  proiessor  of  hisvory  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan;  and  in  1862-66  was  a 
member  of  the  New  York  state  senate.  In 
1867-85  he  was  president  of  the  Cornell 
university;  contributed  three  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars;  founded  the  school  bearing 
his  name;  and  gave  forty  thousand  volumes 
to  the  Cornell  library;  and  in  1871  was  one 
of  the  government  commissioners  to  St. 
Domingo.  He  was  United  States  minister 
to  Germany  in  1879-81;  to  Russia  in  1892; 
in  1897-1902  was  ambassador  to  Germany. 
He  is  the  author  of  Lectures  on  Mediaeval 
and  Modern  History;  The  New  Germany; 
History  of  the  Doctrine  of  Comets;  Euro- 
pean Schools  of  History  and  Politics; 
Studies  in  General  History;  Paper  Money 
Inflation  in  France;  The  Warefare  of  Sci- 
ence with  Theology;  Autobiography  of  An- 
drew Dickson  White;  and  many  other 
works. 

White,  Anthony  Walton,  soldier,  was  born 
July  7,  1750,  in  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  In 
1798  he  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-gen- 
eral. He  died  Feb.  10,  1803,  in  New  Bruns- 
wick, N.J. 

White,  Ared  F.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1843.  In  1867  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  and  has  since  attained  success  in  his 
profession  in  Indiana  at  Rockville.  He  has 
iilled  the  position  of  circuit  judge  for  fif- 
teen years. 

White,  Bartow  W.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Westchester  county,  N.Y.  In  1825-27  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to  the 
nineteenth  congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

White,  Benjamin,  agriculturist,  state  leg- 
islator, congrcHsnian,  was  born  in  Maine. 
In  1841-42  he  was  a  member  of  the  Maine 
legislature.  In  1843-45  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Maine  to  the  twenty-eighth 
congress.     He  died  in  Maine. 

White,  Benjamin  F.,  banker,  territorial 
governor,  was  born  Dec.  3,  1838,, in  New 
Bedford,  Mass.  He  is  a  banker  of  Dillon, 
Mont.;  and  is  president  of  the  First  na- 
tional bank.  In  1866-78  he  was  a  clerk 
in  the  United  States  district  court  in  Ida- 
ho. In  1882  he  was  a  member  of  the  Mon- 
•tana  territorial  legislature;  and  in  1889-90 
was  governor  of  Montana.  In  1903  he  was 
speaker  of  the  Montana  house  of  represen- 
tatives; and  in  1905-07  was  president  of 
tile   Montana  state   senate. 

White,  Campbell  P.,  merchant,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  New  York.  In  1829-35 
he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  twenty-first,  twenty-second  and 
twenty-third  congresses.  He  took  a  lead- 
ing part  in  the  New  York  convention  of 
1846.     He  died  Feb.  12,  1859,  in  New  York. 

White,  Canvass,  civil  engineer,  promoter, 
was  born  Sept.  8,  179J,  in  Whitestown,  N.Y. 


He  invented  a  process  for  the  manufacture 
of  hydraulic  cement.  In  1826  he  founded 
the  Colioes  company;  and  was  its  first 
president.  He  died  Dec.  18,  1834,  in  Florida. 
White,  Carlos,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1842,  in  Vermont.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Ecce  Femina,  an  Attempt  to  Solve 
the  Woman  Question. 

White,  Mrs.  Caroline  Earle,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  in  1833,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
In  1867  she  originated  the  work  of  forming 
in  Philadelphia  a  society  for  the  preven- 
tion of  cruelty  to  animals;  and  in  1869 
organized  the  Woman's  Pennsylvania  so- 
ciety for  prevention  of  cruelty  to  animals. 
She  is  the  author  of  Love  in  the  Tropics; 
a  Modern  Agrippa;  A  Holiday  in  Spain;  and 
An  Ocean  ^lystery. 

White,  Carr  Bailey,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Kentucky.  In  1861  he  was  lieutenant-col- 
onel in  an  Ohio  regiment;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
He    died    Sept.    30,    1871. 

White,  Catherine  Ann,  author,  was  born 
in  1825,  in  New  York.  She  was  a  former  su- 
l)erior  of  the  convent  of  the  Sacred  Heart  of 
New  York  City.  She  was  the  author  of 
The  Students'  Mythology;  Classical  Liter- 
ature; and  Bible  Literature.  She  died  in 
1878.   in   New    York   City. 

White,  Charlesi,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  28,  1795,  in  'Randolph,  Vt.  He 
was  a  congregational  clergyman;  and  in 
1841-61  was  president  of  Wabash  college  of 
Crawfordsville,  Ind.  He  was  the  author 
of  Essays  in  Literature  and  Ethics.  He 
died  Oct.  29,  1861,  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind. 
White,  Charles  Abiathar,  geologist,  au- 
thor, Avas  born  Jan.  26,  1826,  in  North 
Dighton,  Mass.  He  has  received  the  hon- 
orary degrees  of  A.M. 
from  Iowa  college ; 
M.D.  from  the  Rush 
medical  college  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.;  and  LL.D. 
from  the  Iowa  state 
university.  He  was 
the  state  geologist  of 
Iowa  in  1865-70;  was 
on  the  United  States 
geological  surveys 
in  1874-92;  and  since 
1876  has  been  honor- 
ably coimected  with 
the  Smithsonian  institution;  and  the  United 
States  national  museum;  and  is  now  an 
associate  in  palieontology.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Report  of  Iowa  Geological  Sur- 
vey; Physical  Geography  of  Iowa;  The  Re- 
lation of  Biology  to  Geological  Investiga- 
tion;   and   other    works. 

White,  Charles  Henry,  naval  surgeon,  was 
born  Nov.  19,  1838,  in  Center  Sandwich, 
N.H.  Since  1861  he  has  been  a  medical 
ollicer  in  the  navy.  In  1869  he  was  pro- 
luoted  surgeon;  became  medical  director 
in  1895;  and  was  retired  in  1900  with  the 
rank  of  rear-iidniiral. 
White,   Charles   Ignatius,   clergyman,   au- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


665 


thor,  was  born  in  1807,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
He  was  a  Roman  catholic  clergyman  of 
Washington;  and  pastor  of  St.  Matthew's 
cluirch.  He  translated  from  the  French 
Chateaubriand's  Genius  of  Christianity;  and 
other  works.  He  died  April  1,  1877,  in 
\Vashington,  D.C. 

White,  Charles  Joyce,  educator,  matiie- 
maticiaii,  author,  was  born  Jan.  5,  1839,  in 
Cambridge,  Mass.  In  1870-8.5  lie  was  as- 
sistant professor  and  in  1885-94  was  pro- 
fessor of  matliematics  at  Harvard  imiver- 
sity.  He  is  the  author  of  Elements  of  The- 
oretical and  Descriptive  Astronomy. 

White,  Charles  Lincoln,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, colleoe  president,  was  born  Jan.  22, 
1863,  in  Nashua,  N.H.  Since  1901  he  has 
beon  Babcoc*k  professor  of  moral  philosophy 
and  president  of  Colby  college  at  Water- 
ville,    Maine. 

White,  Chilton  A.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  Avas  born  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1826,  in  Georgetown,  Ohio.  In  1852- 
£3  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  Brown 
county;  and  in  1859-60  was  a  state  sen- 
ator. In  1861-65  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  thirty-seventh  and  thirty- 
eighth   congresses.     He   died   in   Ohio. 

White,  Courtland  Yardley,  pliysician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  Aug.  12,  1873,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  has  attained  prom- 
inence as  a  practicing  physician  of  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Blodd. 
White,  Daniel,  soldier,  was  born  in  Maine. 
In  1S61  lie  was  captain  in  tlie  second  regi- 
ment Maine  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers, 
lie  died  in  November,  1895,  in  Maine. 

White,  Daniel  Appleton,  lawyer,  jurist, 
legislator,  Mas  born  June  7,  1776,  in  Law- 
rence, Mass.  He  was  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature in  1810-15  and  for  thirty-eight  years 
was  judge  of  probate  of  Essex  county, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Jurisdic- 
lion  of  the  Massachusetts  Court  of  Pro- 
bate; New  England  Congregationalism  in 
Its  Origin  and  Purity;  and  Eulogy  on 
Nathaniel  Bowditch.  He  died  March  30, 
1861,  in   Salcni.  ^Nlass. 

White,  David,  lawj^cr,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1785.  He  was  one  of  the 
judges  of  the  circuit  court  of  Kentucky. 
In  1823-25  he  was  a  representative  from 
Kentucky  to  the  eighteenth  congress.  He 
died  Feb.  17.  1835,  in  Franklin  county,  Ohio. 
White,  David  B.,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1S(;2  he  was  captain  in  the  eighty- 
first  regiment  New  York  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.    He   died   July   21.   1886. 

White,  Edward  Brickell,  civil  engineer, 
arehitect,  was  born  .Ian.  29,  1806,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  He  served  in  the  army  for  ten 
years,  resigned  in  1836;  and  during  that 
time  was  frequently  detached  for  engineer- 
ing duties.  He  erected  Trinity  cluirch  in 
Charleston,  and  designed  the  monument  to 
Colonel  William  Washington  at  Eutaw 
Springs,  and  also  that  to  William  F.  Simms. 


He  entered  the  confederate  army  and  served 
throughout  the  war.  He  died  May  10,  1882, 
in  New  York  City. 

White,  Edward  Douglas,  jurist,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  in  March,  1795, 
in  Tennessee.  In  1829-34  and  1839-43  he 
was  a  representative  from  Louisiana  to  the 
twenty-first,  twenty-second,  twenty-third, 
twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  con- 
gresses. In  1834-38  he  was  governor  of 
Louisiana.  He  died  April  18,  1847,  in  New 
Orleans,  La. 

White,  Edward  Douglass,  lawyer,  jurist, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Nov.  3, 
1845,  in  Lafourche  parish,  La.  He  served 
in  the  confederate  army.  He  was  elected 
state  senator  in  1874;  and  in  1879-80  was 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Louisiana.  In  1891-93  he  was  United  States 
senator.  In  1894  he  was  appointed  an  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
United   States. 

White,  Edward  Hollingsworth,  manufac- 
turer, inventor,  was  born  April  5,  1855,  in 
Washington,  N.J.  He  was  superintendent 
of  the  Wilcox  and  ^Vhite  company.  He 
invented  an  instrument  for  A^oicing  reeds  in 
1883;  and  he  is  credited  with  the  idea  of 
playing  a  piano  mechanically  by  means  of 
a  music  roll.  He  died  Sept.  16,  1899,  in 
]\Ieriden,  Conn. 

White,  Edward  J.,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  11,  1869,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He 
was  educated  at  the  universities  of  Kansas 
and  Missouri.  Since  1911  he  has  been  gen- 
eral attorney  for  the  Missouri  Pacific  rail- 
Avay  and  other  corporations.  In  1913  and 
1914  he  was  president  of  the  Missouri  ^tate 
bar  association.  He  is  the  author  of  Per- 
sonal Injuries  on  Ilailroads  and  other  works. 

White,  Edwin,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
May  21,  1817,  in  South  Hadley,  Mass.  He 
executed  a  large  number  of  paintings,  most 
of  them  historical.  These  include  Washing- 
ton Resigning  His  Commission;  Milton's 
\'isit  to  Galileo;  Pocahontas  Informing 
Smith  of  the  Conspiracy  of  the  Indians; 
Old  Age  of  Jlilton;  and  First  Printing  of  the 
Bible.  He  died  June  7,  1877,  in  Saratoga 
Sj)rings,   N.Y. 

White,  Edwin,  naval  officer,  was  born  in 
1843,  in  Ohio.  During  the  civil  war  he  at- 
tained the  rank  of  master.  In  1895-98  he 
was  commandant  of  cadets  in  the  United 
States  naval  academy.  In  1899  he  was  re- 
tired as  rear-admiral.    He  died  in  1903. 

White,  Edwin  Augustine,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, wa^  born  Dec.  27,  1856,  in  Cornwall, 
Conn.  For  five  years  he  practiced  law; 
and  since  1887  has  been  a  clergyman.  Since 
1892  he  has  been  rector  of  Christ  church  of 
Blnoinlield,  N.J.  He  is  the  author  of  Amer- 
ican Cluirch  Law. 

White,  Eliza  Orne,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  .Aug.  2,  1856,  in  Keene,  N.H.  She 
is  a  writer  of  Brookline,  INIass.  She  is  the 
author  of  Miss  Brooks;  When  Molly  Was 
Six,    a    juvenile    tale;    Winterborough ;    A 


666 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Little  Girl  of  Long  Ago;  The  Coming  of 
Theodora;  A  Lover  of  Truth;  A  Browning 
Courtship  and  Other  Stories;  An  Only 
Cliikl;  and  A  Borrowed  Sister. 

White,  Mrs.  Ellen  G.  litterateur,  author. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Spirit  of  Prophecy. 

White,  Emerson  Elbridge,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  Jan.  10, 
1829,  in  Mantua,  Ohio.  In  1876-83  he  was 
president  of  Purdue  university.  He  was  su- 
perintendent of  the  Cincinnati  public  schools 
in  1886-89.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Ele- 
ments of  Pedagogy;  School  Management; 
and  The  Art  of  Teaching.  He  died  in  1902, 
in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

White,  Emory  Calvin,  college  president, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  15,  1858,  in  Monterey, 
Mich.  He  became  superintendent  of  schools 
at  Albion,  Ind. ;  and  resigned  in  order  to 
accept  tlie  presidency  of  the  American  col- 
lege at  Callao,  Peru.  After  filling  this  post 
for  a  time,  he  relinquished  it  for  the  sake 
of  studying  the  ruins  of  the  Incas,  among 
which  he  spent  three  years,  excavating, 
photographing,  and  surveying.  He  then 
traversed  the  upper  Amazon,  visiting  Bo- 
libia.  Chili,  Brazil,  the  Argentine  Repub- 
lic, and  Spain,  in  search  of  further  infor- 
mation regarding  tiie  Inca  and  pre-Inca 
races.  He  returned  to  the  United  States  in 
1886;  and  engaged  in  writing  histories  of 
Peru,  Chili,  the  Argentine  Republic  and 
Brazil. 

White,  Erskine  Norman,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  31,  1833,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1862  he  was  chaplain  of  the 
twenty-second  regiment  New  York  volun- 
teers. He  is  the  author  of  History  of  West 
Twenty-third  Street  Presbyterian  Church; 
and  Why  Infants  Are  Baptized. 

White,  Eugene  Richard,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1872,  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Songs  of  Good  Fighting. 
White,  Mrs.  Frances  Hodges,  writer,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  IS.  1866,  in  Washington, 
Maine.  In  1885  she  married  Charles  E. 
White  of  Lynn,  ^Nlass.  She  is  the  author  of 
Sea  Tales;  Helenas-Wonder  World;  and 
.-lUnt    Nabby's    Children. 

White,  Francis,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1813-15  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Virginia  to  the  thirteenth  con- 
gress.    He  died  in  Virginia. 

White,  Francis  J.,  soldier,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  born  in  1842,  in  New  York  City. 
At  one  period  of  the  civil  war  he  was  pro- 
vost-marshal and  judge  advocate-general  in 
central  INIissouri;  and  in  the  closing  years 
of  the  contest  he  was  governor  of  the  east- 
ern shore  of  Maryland.  He  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in  1865. 
After  serving  a  short  time  in  Texas  he  re- 
moved to  St.  Louis;  and  was  elected  to 
the  legislature.  He  died  Aug.  29,  1875, 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

White,  Frank,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ohio. 
In  186-3  he  Mas  captain  in  the  fifteenth 
regiment  Indiana  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 


from     the    university 
1898-99    was    major 


brevetted    colonel    and    brigadier-general    of 
volunteers.     He  died  Nov.  19,  1879. 

White,  Frank,  soldier,  civil  engineer,  state 
senator,  governor,  was  born  Dec.  12,  1856, 
in  St:ilman  Valley,  111.     In  1891-93  he  was 

a  member  of  the 
North  Dakota  legis- 
lature; and  in  1893- 
99  was  a  member  of 
the  North  Dakota 
state  senate.  In  the 
Spanish  -  American 
war  he  served  as  a 
soldier  in  the  Philip- 
pines. He  was  gov- 
ernor of  North  Dako- 
ta in  1901-03.  In 
1880  he  graduated  in 
civil  engineering 
of  Illinois;  and  in 
in  the  first  regiment 
North  Dakota  United  States  volunteer  in- 
fantry. 

White,  Frederick  Edward,  soldier,  farmer, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1844  in  Prussia. 
In  1857  he  emigrated  to  the  United  States; 
and  located  in  Keokuk  county,  Iowa.  He 
served  gallantly  through  the  civil  war  in 
the  famous  Crocker  brigade.  He  subse- 
quently bought  a  farm  of  forty  acres, 
which  has  since  been  extended  to  more  than 
four  hundred  acres.  In  1891-93  he  was  a 
i-epresentative  to  the  fifty-second  congi'ess. 
White,  Frank  J.,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
tenth  regiment  New  Y'ork  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.     He  died  Aug.  29,   1875. 

White,  George,  congressman,  was  born 
Aug.  21,  1872.  He  was  elected  to  the  leg- 
islature and  represented  Washington  coun- 
ty, Ohio,  from  1905  to  1908.  He  is  at 
present  engaged  in  tlie  production  of  crude 
petroleum  and  natural  gas.  In  1911-15 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
sixty-second    and    sixty-third   congresses. 

White,  George  E.,  soldier,  lumber  mer- 
chant, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1848  in  Massachusetts.  He  served  un- 
der General  Grant  in  the  army  of  the  Po- 
tomac, from  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness 
until  tlie  surrender  of  General  Lee.  He  is 
head  of  the  hardwood  lumber  firm  of  Geo. 
E.  White  and  company  of  Chicago,  111.  He 
has  served  as  alderman  of  Chicago  and  as 
state  senator.  In  1895-99  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  tlie  lifty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth 
congresses  as  a   republican. 

White,  George  Henry,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  18.  1852.  in  Rosen- 
dale,  N.C.  He  was  principal  of  one  of  the- 
state  normal  and  other  schools  in  North 
Carolina.  He  was  elected  to  the  house  of 
representatives  in  1880;  and  to  the  state 
senate  in  1884.  He  was  solicitor  and  pros- 
ecuting attoniev  for  the  second  judicial 
district  in  1886-94.  In  1897-1901  he  was  a 
repre^entatve  to  the  fifty-fifth  and  fifty- 
si.xth   congresses   as   a    republican. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


667 


White,  George  Leonard,  soldier,  educator, 
was  born  Sept.  20,  1S38,  in  Cadiz,  N.Y. 
In  18G2  he  enlisted  in  the  seventy-tliird 
regiment  Ohio  volunteers;  and  fouglit  at 
Fredericksburg,  L'hanccllorsville,  Gettys- 
burg, Lookout  Valley  and  Lookout  Moun- 
tain. At  the  close  of  the  civil  war  lie  en- 
tered the  employ  of  the  freedmen's  Imreau; 
and  in  1808  he  resigned  to  give  his  entire 
time  to  the  work  of  the  Fisk  university 
of    Nashville,    Tenn. 

White,  Savage,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Ajjril  12,  1784,  in  EngUmd.  He  was 
the  author  of  Christian  Memorial;  Con- 
taining God's  Abundant  Grace  and  Pro- 
\  incial  Kindness  to  the  Author;  Memoir 
of  Samuel  Slater;  and  History  of  Manu- 
factures.     He    died   ^larch    3,    1850. 

White,  George  W.,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Feb.  18,  1858,  in  Valpa- 
■  raiso,  Ind.  He  has  filled  important  pas- 
torates in  the  southern  California  confer- 
ence ;  and  is  presiding  elder  of  the  Los 
Angeles  district.  He  is  also  the  president 
of    tlie    University    of    southern    California. 

White,  Greenough,  clergyman,  educator, 
author,  was  born  in  1803  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  Duiing  1885-87  he  was  professor  of 
I'lnglisli  language  and  literature  at  the  uni- 
versity of  the  south,  Sewanee,  Tenn. ;  and 
tilled  that  chair  in  Trinity  and  Kenyon 
colleges.  He  again  became  connected  with 
the  university  of  the  south  as  professor  of 
ecclesiastical  history  and  polity  in  1894. 
He  was  the  author  of  Sketch  of  the  Phil- 
osophy of  American  Literature ;  The  Rise 
of  Papal  Supremacy;  Outline  of  the  Phil- 
osophy of  English  Literature;  Matthew 
Arnold  and  the  Spirit  of  the  Age;  A  Saint 
of  the  Southern  Church  and  An  Apostle 
of  the  Western  Cliurch.  He  died  in  1901 
in    Sewanee,    Tenn. 

White,  Harry,  soldier,  state  senator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Jan.  12,  1834,  in  In- 
diana county.  Pa.  In  18G1  he  entered  the 
union  army  as  a  major;  served  throughout 
the  war;  and  attained  tlie  rank  of  colonel 
and  brevet  brigadier-general.  While  in 
service  he  was  elected  a  state  senator  from 
Pennsylvania  and  served  in  the  session  of 
]S(J2-(i3,  returning  to  his  command  at  the 
close  of  the  session.  He  was  again  in  the 
state  senate  in  1805-74,  serving  as  speaker 
during  the  close  of  the  latter  term.  In 
1877-81  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  forty-fifth  and  forty-sixth 
congresses. 

White,  Helene  Maynard,  painter,  artist, 
was  l)orn  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Since  1895 
she  lias  been  engaged  professionally  as  a 
])ortrait  painter;  and  has  painted  por- 
traits of  many  notable  ]>eople;  and  large 
portraits  for  institutions.  She-modeh-d  tlie 
lieidie  figure  of  Chingachgook  for  the  Mo- 
hican  lodge  of  Pved   Hank,   N..T. 

White,  Henry,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  3,  1790,  in  Wilbraham,  Mass. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman  of 
Maine  and  New  Hampshire  in   1825-58.     He 


was  the  author  of  The  Early  History  of 
New  England.  He  died  Dec.  8,  1858,  in 
(iarland.    iMaine. 

White,  Henry,  clergyjuan,  theologian, 
was  born  dune  19,  1800,  in  Durham,  N.Y. 
He  founded  the  Union  theological  semin- 
ary; and  was  its  first  professor  of  syste- 
matic theology.  He  died  Aug.  25,  1850,  in 
New   York   Cit\-. 

White,  Henry  Alexander,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  April  15,  1801, 
in  Greenbrier  county,  W.Va.  He  was  pro- 
fessor of  history  in  the  Washington  and 
Lee  university  of  Lexington,  Va.;  and  is 
now  a  professor  of  the  theological  sem- 
inary of  Cohunbus,  S.C.  He  is  the  author 
of  the  Pentateuch,  in  the  Light  of  the  An- 
cient i\lonnments;  Robert  E.  Lee  and  the 
Southern  Confederacy;  and  Life  of  Stone- 
wall   Jackson. 

White,  Henry  Clay,  chemist,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  30,  1850,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  has  been  state  chemist  of 
Georgia  since  1880.  In  1872-90  he  was 
professor  of  chemistry  university  of 
Georgia;  and  since  1890  president  of  the 
(Georgia  state  college.  He  is  the  author  of 
Complete  History  of  the  Cotton  Plant; 
and  Elementarj'  Geology  of  Tennessee. 

White,  Hervey,  librarian,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  26.  1866,  in  New  London,  Iowa. 
In  1896-99  he  was  reference  librarian  in  the 
John  Crerar  library  of  Chicago,  III.  He  is 
the  author  of  Differences  ;  Quicksand  ;  When 
Eve  Was  Not  Created,  and  Other  Stories ; 
and   Noll   and   the  Fairies. 

White,  Horace,  journalist,  autiior,  was  born 
Aug.  10.  1834,  in  Colebrook,  N.H.  He  was 
editor  of  the  Chicago  Tribune  in  1864-74 ; 
and  since  1883  one  of  the  editors  of  The  New 
Y'ork  Evening  Post ;  becoming  editor-in- 
chief  and  retiring  in  1903.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Silver  Question;  The  Tariff 
Question  ;  Coin's  Financial  Fool ;  Money  and 
Hanking  Illustrated  by  American  History; 
and   The   (Jold   Standard. 

White,  Horatio  Stevens,  educator,  lawyer, 
antlior.  was  l)orn  April  23,  1852,  in  Syracuse. 
-X.V.      Ill    1873   he   graduated   from    Harvard 

uiii\'ersity.  He  trav- 
eh'd  and  studied  in 
Europe  for  several 
years.  In  1878  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
New  York  bar.  Since 
1876  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  German  lan- 
giiMi;e  and  literature. 
(J reek  and  Latin  and 
dean  of  the  faculty  of 
('ornell  university.  He 
is  the  author  of  Les- 
sing's  Prose,  Texts 
and  Xiiles.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
New  York  state  as  attorney  in  1878  and  as 
counselor  in  1879.  He  is  the  author  of  Se- 
lections from  Heine's  Poems;  and  also  of  Se- 
lections for  German  Prose  and  Composition. 


668 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


White,  Hugh,  soldier,  legislator,  was  born 
in  1737  in  Dauphin  county,  Pa.  He  was 
one  of  the  first  commissioners  of  Lycoming 
county  ;  and  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania assembly  in  1795-6  and  1803.  He  served 
as  colonel  of  Pennsylvania  troops  in  1812. 
He   died  in   1822   in  Pennsylvania. 

White,  Hugh,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1799  in  New  York.  In  1845-51  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
ty-ninth, thirtieth  and  thirty-first  congresses. 
He  died  Oct.  6,  1870,  in  Troy,  N.Y. 

White,  Hugh  Lawson,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist diplomat,  United  States  senator,  was 
born   Oct.   30,   1773,   in   Iredell  county,   N.C. 

In  1801-07  he  was 
judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  state  of 
Tennessee ;       and      in 

1808  was  appointed 
district    attorney.      In 

1809  he  was  elected 
to  the  state  senate ; 
and  again  served  six 
years  in  the  supreme 
court  as  judge.  In  1815 
lie  was  chosen  presi- 
dent of  the  state  bank 
of  Tennessee  ;   in  1820 

he  was  again  a  member  of  the  state  senate ; 
and  about  that  time  was  appointed  a  com- 
missioner to  adjust  the  claims  of  our  citi- 
zens against  Spain.  In  1825-41  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator.  At  the  election  for  presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  in  1836  he  received 
all  the  votes  of  Georgia  and  Tennessee  for 
that  office.  He  died  April  10,  1840,  in  Knox- 
viilc,  Tenn. 

White,  Israel  Charles,  geologist,  scientist, 
was  born  Nov.  1,  1848,  in  Monongalia  coun- 
ty,  W.Va.     In   1872  he  graduated  from  the 

West  Virginia  univer- 
sity with  the  degree 
of  A.M. ;  and  subse- 
quently received  the 
degree  of  Ph.D.  from 
the  university  of  Ar- 
kansas. In  1876-77  he 
took  a  post-graduate 
course  i  n  geology  a  t 
the  Columbia  univer- 
sity. In  1875-84  he 
was  assistant  geologist 
in  the  second  geologi- 
cal survey  of  Penn- 
sylvania ;  and  was  the  author  of  eight  re- 
ports of  that  survey.  In  1884-92  he  was  as- 
sistant geologist  in  the  United  States  geolog- 
ical survey  ;  and  in  1877-92  was  professor  of 
geology  in  the  West  Virginia  university.  He 
resigned  the  latter  position  to  take  charge 
of  a  largo  petroleum  business.  He  is  a 
specialist  iu  coal,  petroleum  and  natural 
gas ;  and  is  the  author  of  valuable  discov- 
eries in  connection  with  those  products. 
Since  1897  he  has  been  state  geologist  of 
West  Virginia.  Since  1891  he  has  been 
treasurer  of  the  geological  society  of  Amer- 
ica ;  and  in  1896-97  was  vice-president  of  the 


American    association    for    the    advancement 
of  science.      In   1897  he   was   a  delegate   to 
the   international   geological   congress  at   St. 
Petersburg ;    and   was   its   delegate   to   Paris 
in  1900. 

White,  James,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1737  in  Iredell  county,  N.C.  In 
1793-95  he  was  a  territorial  delegate  from 
Tennessee  to  the  third  congress.  In  1813 
MS  brigadier-general  of  Tennessee  volunteers 
he  led  a  successful  attack  on  the  Creek  In- 
dians at  Hillabee  Town.  He  died  in  1815 
iu   Knoxville,   Tenn. 

White,  James  B.,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
congressman,  was  born  in  June,  1835,  in 
Stirlingshire.  Scotland.  He  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  company  I,  thirtieth  Indiana  vol- 
unteers ;  and  was  elected  captain  by  the 
company.  In  1874  he  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  common  council  of  the  city  of  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.  He  was  elected  to  the  fiftieth 
congress  as  a  republican.  He  died  Oct.  9, 
1897,  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. 

White,  James,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1821.  He  was  a  seventh  day  adven- 
tist  elder.  He  was  the  author  of  Life  Inci- 
dents  of   the   Great   Advent   Movement. 

White,  James  Bamford,  soldier,  educator, 
lawyer,  congressman,  was  born  June  6,  1842, 
in  Clark  county,  Ky.  In  1863-65  he  served 
in  the  confederate  states  army.  In  1867  he 
was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law ;  and 
held  the  office  of  county  attorney.  In  1901- 
03  he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky 
to  the  fifty-seventh  congress  as  a  democrat. 
White,  James  Dempsey,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Oct.  31,  1831,  in  Hickman  county, 
Ky.  In  1870-80  he  was  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas;  and  in  1896-1902  was  an 
associate  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  of 
Kentucky. 

White,  James  Terry,  publisher,  author, 
was  born  July  3,  1845,  in  Newburyport, 
Mass.  In  1886  he  moved  to  New  York  City  ; 
and  is  now  the  head  of  the  publishing  house 
of  James  T.  White  and  company.  Since 
1889  he  has  been  editor-in-chief  and  publish- 
er of  the  National  Cyclopedia  of  American 
Biography.  He  is  also  president  of  the  Yost 
typewriting  company.  He  is  the  author  of 
Flowers  from  Arcady ;  A  Bouquet  of  Cali- 
fornia Flowers;  Captive  Memories;  and 
Christmas  Greeting. 

White,  James  William,  ])hysician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  Nov.  2,  1850,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  In  1871  he  graduated  with 
the  degree  of  M.D.  from  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania ;  and  the  same  year  obtained 
the  degree  of  Ph.D.  from  that  institution. 
As  a  member  of  the  staff  of  Professor  Agas- 
siz  in  the  Hassler  expedition  of  1871,  he  vis- 
ited the  West  Indies  and  the  cities  on  both 
coasts  of  South  America  ;  and  contributed  a 
series  of  letters  on  that  expedition  to  the 
New  York  Herald.  For  several  years  he 
was  resident  ph>sician  of  the  Philadelphia 
hospital  and  resident  physician  to  the  East- 
ern penitentiary.  In  1877-88  he  was  surgeon 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


669 


of  the  first  city  troop,  with  rank  of  lieuten- 
ant ;  and  in  1885  was  appointed  one  of  the 
inspectors  of  the  Eastern  penitentiary.  Dur- 
ing his  whole  professional  life  he  has  been  a 
teacher  and  writer  of  surgery;  and  is  now 
John  Khea  Barton  professor  of  surgery  in 
the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  For  nearly 
twenty  years  he  has  spent  three  or  four 
months  annually  in  foreign  travel.  He  is 
joint  author  of  American  Text-Book  of  Surg- 
ery ;  Genito-Urinary  Surgery  ;  and  numerous 
articles  on  medical  and  surgical  subjects. 

White,  Jarvis,  soldier,  businessman,  leg- 
islator, was  born  April  21,  1833,  in  Whit- 
ney, Vt.  He  enlisted  in  the  Massachu- 
setts infantry  in  1861;  was  promoted 
through  the  different  grades  to  captain; 
and  was  mustered  out  in  1866.  In  1896 
he  was  elected  to  the  Wisconsin  state  leg- 
islature; and  in  1897  he  was  appointed 
postmaster  of  South   Superior,   Wis. 

White>  John,  clergyman,  was  born  in  1575, 
in  England.  He  was  a  kinsman  of  Bishop 
John  White,  whom  Queen  Elizabeth  de- 
prived of  the  see  of  Winchester  on  account 
of  his  Romanizing  tendencies.  He  was  rec- 
tor of  Holy  trinity  church,  Dorchester,  for 
forty  years.  In  1624  he  projected  the  new 
colony  of  Massachusetts.  He  died  July  21, 
1648,    in   Dorchester,   England. 

White,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1677  in  Watertown,  Mass.  Ho  was 
a  congregational  clergyman;  and  in  1703- 
60  was  pastor  at  Gloucester,  Mass.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Gospel  Treasure  in 
Earthern  Vessels;  and  New  England's  Lam- 
entations for  the  Decay  of  Godliness.  He 
died    Jan.    17,    1760,    in    Gloucester,    Mass. 

White,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  England. 
He  entered  tlie  revolutionary  army  as  a 
captain ;  and  was  promoted  colonel  of  the 
4th  Georgia  battalion.  He  died  in  1780 
in    Virginia. 

White,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1805  in  Kentucky.  In  1835- 
45  he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to 
the  twenty-fourth,  twenty-fifth,  twenty-sixth, 
twenty-seventh  and  twenty-eighth  congresses; 
and  was  speaker  of  the  house  to  the  twen- 
ty-seventh congress.  He  was  judge  of  the 
nineteenth  judicial  district  of  Kiutucky  at 
the  time  of  his  death.  He  died  Sept.  22, 
1845.  in  Richmond,  Ky. 

White,  John,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  March  12,  1855,  in  Springfield,  Mass. 
In  1887-96  he  was  organist  and  choirmas- 
ter of  the  church  of  the  ascension  of  New 
York  City.  Since  1896  he  has  lived  in 
Munich,  studying  and  composing.  He  is 
till'   author    of   several    compositions. 

White,  John  B.,  congressman.  In  1901-03 
he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to 
tile    lift y-«c\<'ntli    congress   as    a    democrat. 

White,  John  Barber,  lumberman,  was  born 
Dec.  8,  1847,  in  Chautauqua  county,  N.Y. 
He  has  been  president  of  tlie  board  of  ed- 
ucation of  Youngsville;  and  is  now  presi- 
dent   of    the    Missouri    lumber    and    mining 


company.      He    was    president    of    the    na- 
tional  conservation   congress   for   1912. 

White,  John  Blake,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, artist,  dramatist,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  2,  1781,  near  Eutaw  Springs,  S.C. 
He  was  one  of  the  earliest  historical  art- 
ists in  America,  and  painted  many  famous 
pictures  illustrating  incidents  of  the  revo- 
lutionary period.  His  principal  works* 
were  Tlie  Capture  of  Andre;  The  Battle 
of  Eutaw  Springs;  The  Battle  of  Cow- 
pens;  and  The  Betrayal  of  Hale  on  Long 
Island.  He  was  the  author  of  Modern 
Honor;  The  Mysteries  of  the  Castle;  The 
Forgers;  Intemperance;  and  various  other 
plays.  He  was  a  lawyer  of  eminence;  and 
represented  the  state  of  South  Carolina 
in  tlie  senate  for  several  successive  years, 
lie  died  Aug.  24,  1859,  in  Charleston, 
S.C. 

White,  John  Blake,  physician,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  9,  1850,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  He 
was  educated  in  the  Phillips  Exeter  acad- 
emy; and  in  1874 
graduated  from  the 
college  of  physicians 
and  surgeons  of  New 
York.  For  eight  years 
he  was  sanitary  in- 
spector ;  for  four- 
teen years  visitiiig 
physician  to  the  Uaw 
iork  charity  hospi- 
tal ;  and  was  a  lec- 
turer to  the  post- 
graduate medical  col- 
lege. He  is  an  au- 
thority On  diseases  of  the  chest.  He  is  the 
author  of  numerous  medical  and  surgical 
]ia])ers. 

White,  John  C,  lawyer,  was  born  Dec.  3, 
1845,  in  Madison  county,  Fla.  He  has  at- 
tained success  at  the  bar  of  Florida  at 
Tampa.  His  father  was  Steplien  R.  White, 
tile  first  sheriff  of  Taylor  county,  Fla.,  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Florida  state  legisla- 
ture  in    1860. 

White,  John  D.,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Jan.  16,  1849,  in 
Clay  county,  Ky.  In  1875-77  and  1881-85 
he  was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to 
the  forty-fourth,  forty-seventh  and  forty- 
eighth  congresses. 

White,  John  H.,  merchant,  public  official, 
was  Ixirn  Feb.  1,  1847,  in  Schenectady,  N.Y. 
In  1892-96  he  was  school  commissioner; 
in  1890-99  was  recorder  of  the  city  of 
Schenectady,  N.Y. ;  and  in  1900-01  'was 
mayor  of  that  city.  He  is  a  successful  dry 
goods  merchant;  and  prominent  in  j)uhlic 
affairs. 

White,  John  Hazen,  clergyman,  bishop, 
author,  was  i)()rn  March  10.  1849,  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Oiiio.  In  1895  he  was  consecrat- 
ed protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  Indiana. 
He  has  ])id)lished  numerous  .sermons  and 
addresses. 
White,    John    Moore,    lawyer,   jurist.      In 


670 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the 

latin 

In 


1838    he    was    an    associate    justice    of    the 
supreme  court  of  New  Jersey. 

White,  John  Staples,  lawyer,  author,  was 
boin  Oct.  27,  1838,  in  Portland,  Maine. 
He  is  an  attorney  of  Naples,  Maine.  He 
is  the  author  of  Hunianics. 

White,    John    Stuart,    educator,    founder, 
.  author,   was   born    Feb   3,    1847,   in   Wrent- 
liam,   Mass.     He  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic    schools     of    "Bos- 
ton ;    graduated    from 
tlie     Chapman     gram- 
mar   school    in    1861; 
graduated      fro    m 
the       English       high 
school    in     18G4;     and 
graduated    from 
Boston     public 
school    in     186G 
180-1    he    enlisted    in 
the    forty-second    reg- 
iment   Massachusetts 
volunteer  militia; 

and  served  through  tlie  campaign  in  Vir- 
ginia. In  1870  he  graduated  from  Harvard 
college;  and  subsequently  attended  lectures 
at  tlie  university  of  Leipzig.  He  then 
became  sub-master  and  later  full  nuis- 
ter  in  the  public  latin  school.  In  1874- 
80  he  was  head  master  of  Brooks  academy; 
and  in  1880-1904  was  master  of  the  Berke- 
ley scliool  of  New  York  City.  In  1904  he 
established  the  Phillip  Brooks  school  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  During  his  forty  years 
of  school  work  over  live  thousand  pupils 
have  been  under  liis  training.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Boys'  and  Girls'  Plutarch; 
Boys'  and  Girls'  " Herodotus;  Pliny;  and 
the  Viking  Ship. 

White,  John  Williams,  philologist,  educa- 
tor,   autlior,    was    born    March    5,    1849,    in 
He    received    the    degree 
of    Ph.D.    from    Har- 
\ard    university ;     the 
lionorary     degrees     of 
i.itt.D.   from   the  uni- 
versity of  Cambridge, 
Md.;      a    n    d      LL.D. 
from      the      Wesleyan 
and     Oliio     Wesleyan 
universities.     In   1877 
he    became    professor 
of   Greek   in    Harvard 
I  Ini  versify.      In    1881- 
87  he  was  first  chair- 
man   of    the    manag- 
ing   committee    of    the    American    school    of 
classified    studies    in    Athens;    in    1896-1... 3 
was    president   of    the   Archaeological    insti- 
tute of  America  and  afterward  was  honor- 
ary   president.  He    is    a    fellow    of    the 
American  academy  of  arts  and  sciences;   an 
lionorary     meiii])er     of    the     British     society 
for   flic   promotion   of   Hellenic  studies;    and 
a     member    of    other    learned    societies     in 
America   and   Eurojie.      He   was   one   of   the 
editors     of    Harvard     Studies    in     Classical 
Philology;    and    was    one   of   the    editors   of 


Cincinnati,    Ohio. 


the  Classical  Quarterly.  He  was  senior 
editor  of  the  College  Series  of  Greek  Au- 
thors; and  is  the  author  of  School  and 
College  Text  Books ;  and  many  Mono- 
graphs on  philological  and  archaeological 
subjects. 

White,  Joseph  L.,  lawyer,  manufacturer, 
co'ngressman,  was  born  in  Cherry  Valley, 
N.Y.  In  1841-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  Indiana  to  the  twenty-seventh  con- 
gress. He  died  Jan.  12,  1861,  in  New  York. 
White,  Joseph  M.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  i\lay  10,  1781,  in  Franklin  coun- 
ty, Ky.  In  1825-37  he  was  a  territorial 
delegate  from  Florida  to  the  nineteenth, 
twentieth,  twenty-first,  twenty-second, 
twenty-third  and  twenty-fourth  congresses.. 
He  died  Oct.   19,   1839,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

White,  Joseph  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  2,  1822,  in  Cambridge,  Ohio. 
In  1845-47  he  was  prosecuting  attorney 
for  his  native  country.  In  1863-65  he  was 
a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  thirty- 
eighth   congress. 

White,  Julius,  soldier,  diplomat,  was  born 
Sept.  29,  1816,  in  Cazenovia,  N.Y.  He 
served  as  a  general  in  the  volunteer  army 
during  the  civil  war.  In  1872  he  was  ap- 
pointed minister  resident  to  the  Argentine 
confederation.  He  resigned  in  1874;  after 
which  he  settled  in  Chicago,  111.  He  died 
May    12,    1899,   in   South   Evanston,   111. 

White,  Leonard,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1767  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 
He  represented  his  town  in  the  legislature. 
In  1811-13  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  twelfth  congress.  He 
died   Oct.    10,    1849,    in    Haverhill,   Mass. 

White,  Lewis  P.,  banker.  He  was  presi- 
dent and  manager  of  the  bank  of  What- 
com, Wash.;  and  president  of  the  board  of 
regents  of  the  Washington  state  normal 
school.  He  is  prominent  in  public  and 
financial  affairs;  and  has  been  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Washington  state  bankers'  as- 
sociation. He  is  a  knight  templar,  mys- 
tic shriner,  and  past  chancellor  of  the 
knights  of  pythias. 

White,  Mrs.  Marian  Ainsworth,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  in  England.  In  1905-06 
she  edited  and  published  the  Greater  West. 
She  is  the  author  of  Essays  and  Criticisms 
on  American  Arts  and  Artists;  and  Ameri- 
can  Historj'   of  Music. 

White,  Mary,  illustrator,  artist,  author, 
was  born  June  4.  1869,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  She  contributes  stories,  sketches 
and  illustrations  to  the  magazines  of  New 
York  City.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Book 
of   (lames;    and   How   to   Make   Baskets. 

White,  Matthew,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  21,  1857,  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  editor  of  the  Argosy,  and  dramatic 
editor  of  JNlunsey's  Magazine.  He  is  the 
aiillior  of  Ascott*  Abroad;  One  of  the  Pro- 
fession; My  Mysterious  Fortune;  The  Af- 
fair at  Islington;  and  A  Born  Aristocrat, 
a   jilay. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


671 


Kletcliur. 


White,  Matilda  Portia,  lecturer,  musician, 
autlior,  was  born  May  G,  1877,  in  Moso- 
potaniia,  Oliio.     She  was  educated  at  Ober- 

lin  college  and  at 
South  New  Lyme  in- 
stitute of  Ohio.  She 
is  a  graduate  of  Da- 
na's musical  insti- 
tute of  Warren, 
Ohio:  and  an  asso- 
ciate and  fellow  in 
the  art  of  music. 
She  is  dean  ot  Da- 
na's musical  insti- 
tute; and  occupies 
the  chair  of  musical 
history  in  that  in- 
stitution. She  is  the  author  of  A  Four 
Years'  Course  in  ]Musical  History;  and  has 
contributftl   to   nnisical   journals. 

White,  Michael  Alfred  Edwin,  litterateur, 
aulliur,  was  born  Nov.  4,  1806,  in  India. 
He  is  a  writer  of  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  author  of  Lachmi  Bai. 

White,  Michael  D.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Sept.  8,  1827,  in  Clarke  county, 
Ohio.  He  was  prosecuting  attorney  in 
1804-50.  He  was  state  senator  in  1800-6G. 
In  1877-70  he  was  a  representative  from 
Indiana    to    the    forty-fifth    congress. 

White,  Milo,  merchant,  state  senator,  con- 
irifssiiian.  was  born  Aug.  17.  1830,  in 
Vt.  lie  was  educated  in  the 
conunon  schools;  and 
moved  to  Minnesota. 
He  engaged  in  mer- 
chandising in  Cliat- 
field.  Minn.;  and  was 
elected  a  state  sena- 
tor in  1871,  1872, 
1874  and  1880.  In 
1883-87  lie  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Min- 
nesota to  the  forty- 
eiglitli  iuid  forty- 
ninth  congresses  as  a 
repul)l!ean.  In  1898 
congress. 

Augustus,     consulting 
;nitb(ir.    was    lioru    i-'el) 
( 'liarleston.     He  first   inlroduceil 
tlie   ])ractice  of   super- 

#licial     incision.s    witli- 
iii     the     OS     uti-ri     for 
till'     relief    of    stenotic 
/^J^  f  dysinenorrh<ea.     lie  al- 

^  so    invented    the    hys- 

3^1  terotome;     also    novel 

;  .  r-'  instruments      for      tlie 

lure  of  iiernia  an<l 
varicocele,  and  a  new 
form  of  laryngoscope, 
lie  is  the  autiuir  of 
Ib'port  (Ml  the  Yidlow 
{•"(■\rr  l-]pidemie  of 
Wilmington,  N.C. ;  Varicocele  and  Its  Rad- 
ical Cure;  Re|)oit  on  (he  Yrllow  Fever 
Epidemic  in  Savannah,  (\a.  lie  died  in 
liMC!   ill  New  York  Citv. 


lie  was   tV- 

WHte, 
ph\'si('iaii. 
8,  "1820.  in 


fciitcd    for 
Octavius 
iii\  riitor. 


White,  Moses  Clark,  missionary,  physi- 
cian, author,  was  born  July  24,  1819,  in 
Paris,  N.Y.  In  1847-53  he  was  a  mission- 
ary in  China.  He  then  established  himself 
as  a  physician  in  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  and 
in  1857-07  he  filled  the  chair  of  microscopy 
in  Y'ale  college.  He  is  the  author  of  sev- 
eral medical  works.  He  died  in  1900  in 
New  Haven,  Conn. 

White,  Peregrine,  the  first  white  child 
born  in  New  Eiighmd,  was  born  Nov.  20, 
1020,  ill  Cape  Cod  Harbor,  on  the  May- 
flower. He  became  a  citizen  of  Marslifield, 
Mass.,  where  the  court  gave  him  two  hun- 
dred acres  of  land  in  consideration  of  his 
birth.  He  filled  several  minor,  civil  and 
military  otiices  in  his  'town.  He  died  July 
22,    1704,    in    Marshfieid,   Mass. 

White,  Peter,  lawyer,  banker,  legislator, 
was  born  Oct.  31,  1830.  in  Rome,  N.Y.  In 
1849    he    moved    to    ^Marquette,    ]Mich. ;    and 

in  18G3  he  incorporat- 
ed his  bank  as  the 
First  national  bank. 
During  tlie  war  he 
raised  company  B, 
first  regiment  Michi- 
gan cavalry,  and  was 
elected  its  captain. 
He  held  several  fed- 
eral and  state  ap- 
pointments; was  post- 
master in  1851;  and 
was  collector  of  cus- 
toms and  register  of 
tlie  land  ollice.  In  1857  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  ^lichigan  state  legislature; 
and  in  1875  was  a  state  senator.  He 
was  prominently  identified  with  the  pub- 
lie  interests  of  Marquette,  and  the  public 
library  called  by  his  name  is  in  a  build- 
ing, {he  cost  of  which  was  largely  con- 
tributed by  him;  and  several  tiiousand 
books  were  donated  by  him  to  begin  it. 
He  died  June  G,   1908,  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

White,  Phillips,  congressman,  was  born 
about  1730  ill  New  liampsliirt'.  In  1782- 
83  lie  was  a  delegate  from  New  Ilanipsliire 
to  the  continental  congress.     He  died  about 


I).        1783    in    New    Hampshire. 

White,  Phineas,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
cougressiiiaii,  was  born  in  1770  in  Ilanip- 
sliire county,  Mass.  in  1800-09  he  was 
register  of  jirobate  in  the  town  of  Pom- 
fret,  \t.:  and  was  county  attorney  in  IS13. 
lie  served  eiglit  years  in  the  state  h'gisla- 
tiirc.  In  1821-23  lie  was  a  representative 
from  N'ermont  to  the  seventeenth  congress, 
lb'  dird    ill    1S47    in    Pomfret.   Vt. 

White,  Pliny  Holton,  lawyer,  clergyman, 
h'gisbitor,  autlior.  was  iiorii  Oct.  (i,  1822,  in 
S|ir!ngticld.  Conn.  In  1859  lie  was  or- 
dained iiaslor  of  the  unitarian  church  at 
(  onvcntry,  Vt.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  in  1802-03;  and  cha|)lain  of  the 
state  senat<'  in  1804-0(i.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  History  of  CoviMitry.  He  died 
Aiiiil   24.    1.S09.  in  Ctiventry,  Vt. 

White,  Mrs.  Rhoda  Elizabeth,  litterateur, 


672 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


author.  She  is  the  author  of  Portraits  of 
My  Married  Friends ;  From  Infancy  to 
Womanliood,  a  Book  for  Young  Mothers; 
and  What  Will  the  World  Say?  a  novel. 
White,  Richard  Edward,  i^oet,  was  born 
in  1843  in  Ireland.  He  is  a  writer  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  He  is  the  author  of  a 
volume  of  poems  entitled  The  Cross  of 
]\Ionterey. 

White,  Richard  Grant,  scholar,  author, 
poet,  was  born  May  22,  1821,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  an  eminent  Shakespearean 
scholar  of  New  York  City.  His  critical 
twelve-volume  edition  of  Shakespeare  ap- 
peared in  186.5;  and  the  Riverside  edition 
in  1883.  He  was  the  author  of  Words  aud 
Their  Uses;  Every-Day  English;  England 
Witliout  and  Within;  Biographical  and 
Critical  Handbook  of  Christian  Art;  Shake- 
speare's Scholar;  Memoirs  of  Shakespeare; 
Studies  in  Shakespeare;  The  New  Gospel 
of  Peace,  a  political  satire;  Revelations; 
a  Companion  to  The  New  Gospel  of  Peace; 
Tlie  Fate  of  Mansfield  Humphreys,  a  novel; 
The  Fall  of  Man,  or  the  Loves  of  the  Goril- 
las; The  American  View  of  the  Copyright 
Question ;  and  The  Chronicles  of  Gotham. 
He  (lied  April  8,  1885,  in  New  York  City. 
White,  Robert,  soldier,  lawyer,  legislator, 
was  born  Feb.  7,  1833,  in  Romney,  Va., 
now  West  Virginia.  During  the  civil  war 
lie  attained  the  rank  of  colonel  in  the  con- 
federate army.  He  has  been  attorney-gen- 
eral of  West  Virginia;  and  has  served  two 
terms  as  a  representative"  in  the  West  Vir- 
ginia state  legislature;  and  was  twice  sol- 
icitor of  the  city  of  Wheeling.  W.Va.  He 
lias  been  major-general  in  the  West  Vir- 
ginia division  of  the  United  confederate 
veterans;  and  was  chief  marshal  at  the 
one  hundredtli  anniversary  of  the  bnrial  of 
George  Washington  at  Mount  Vernon. 

White,  Robert  Gray,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  21,  1807,  in  Selin's  Grove,  Pa. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1838;  treasurer  of 
Tioga  countj'  in  1841-43;  and  president 
judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  district  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1851-71.  He  died  Sept. 
G,    1875.   in   IMillsboro,   Pa. 

White,  Robert  M.,  journalist,  publisher. 
He  is  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Mexico 
Leader  of  Missouri.  He  has  been  cor- 
responding secretary  of  the  ^lissouri  state 
press  assoc'ation ;  recording  secretary  of 
the  National  editorial  association;  vice- 
president  of  the  western  federation  of  edi- 
tors; and  has  filled  a  score  of  positions  of 
trust    and    honor. 

White,  Rufus  A.,  clergyman,  reformer, 
was  born  Nov.  24,  1857,  in  Franklin,  Pa. 
He  was  fitted  for  college  at  the  collegiate 
institute  of  Towanda,  Pa.;  entered  Tuft's 
collegt'  in  1879;  spent  six  years  in  the 
Divinity  school  and  department  of  letters; 
and  subsequently  traveled  extensively  in 
Europe.  For  eight  years  he  was  pastor  of 
the  Universalist  church  of  Newton,  Mass.; 
and   since   1892   he  has   been   pastor   of  the 


Stewart  avenue  universalist  church  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.  He  has  been  actively  connected 
with  the  civic  federation;  and  organized 
the  Chicago  penny  savings  system,  of 
which  he  is  president.  He  is  one  of  the 
editors  of  The  New  Unity,  the  organ  of  the 
liberal  congress  of  religion;  and  contrib- 
utes extensively  to  current  literature. 

White,  Mrs.  Sallie  Joy,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  in  Winchester,  N.H.  She  is  the 
author  of  Housekeeping  and  Home  Mak- 
ing; Cookery  in  Public  Schools;  and  Busi- 
ness  Opportunities    for   Girls. 

White,  Samuel,  United  States  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1770  in  Wilming- 
ton, Del.  In  1801-09  he  was  United  States 
senator  from  Delaware.  In  1809  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  eleventh  congress. 
He  died  Nov.  4,   1809,  in  Wilmington,  Del. 

White,  Mrs.  Sarah  Elizabeth,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  in  Maine.  She  is  a 
Boston  journalist.  She  is  the  author  of 
Housekeepers  and  Homemakers;  and  Busi- 
ness Openings  for  Girls. 

White,  Stanford,  designer,  architect,  was 
born  Nov.  9,  1853,  in  New  York  City.  He 
designed  the  Century  and  Metropolitan 
clubs,  the  university  of  New  York,  the 
Washington  arch,  the  universitv  of  Vir- 
gjiia,  and  pedestals  for  the  pruicipal 
statues  of  St.  Gaudens.  He  died  in  1900 
in  New  York  City. 

White,  Steplien  Alexander,  businessman, 
state  senator,  was  born  Feb.  (i,  182(,i,  in 
what  is  now  Alamance  county,  N.C.  He 
has  represented  his  presbytery  in  the  gen- 
eial  assembly  of  the  church.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  sons  of  the  revolution,  his 
grandfather  being  an  officer  in  the  revolu- 
tionary war.  He  was  a  representative  of 
the  North  Carolina  state  legislature  of 
1870  and  1897;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1895.  For  many  years  he 
was  engaged  in  the  survey  and  construc- 
tion of  the  North  Carolina  railroad;  and 
subsequently  engaged  as  railroad  agent  and 
postmaster. 

White,  Stephen  Mallory,  lawyer.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Jan.  19,  1853,  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.  In  1874  he  com- 
menced practicing  law  in  Los  Angeles  coun- 
ty, Cal;  and  in  1882  he  was  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  of  his  county.  In  1886-90 
he  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate.  In 
1888  he  dischargeu  the  functions  of  lieu- 
tenant-governor. He  was  a  delegate-at- 
large  to  tlie  national  convention  in  1892. 
In  1893-99  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  died  Feb.  21,  1901,  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
White,  Stephen  Van  Culen,  lawyer,  bank- 
er, broker,  congressman,  Avas  born  Aug,  1, 
1831,  in  Chatham  county,  N,C.  In  1856 
he  moved  to  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  where  he 
was  actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law  until  1865;  when  he  removed  to  New 
York  City.  He  became  a  member  of  the 
New  York  stock  exchange,  and  has  been 
engaged  as  banker  and  broker  ever  since. 
In    1887-89    he    was   a    representative   from 


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673 


New  York  to  the  fiftit'th  congress  as  a  re- 
publican. 

White,  Stewart  Edward,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  12,  1873,  in  Giranil 
Rapids,   .Midi.      In    189.)  he  graduated  from 

the  university  o  f 
Micliigan  as  Ph.B. 
and  studied  law  in 
t  li  e  Columbia  i  a  w 
scliool.  lie  is  a  meni- 
lier  of  the  association 
iif  American  authors; 
iiiid  a  member  of  the 
American  forestry  as- 
sociation. He  is  the 
author  of  The  West- 
erners ;  The  Claim 
Jumpers;  The  Blazed 
__  Trail;    Conjuror's 

House;  The"  Forest;  The  Magic  Forest; 
The  Silent  Places;  The  Mountains;  Blazed 
Trail  Stories;  The  Pass;  The  Mystery; 
Arizona  Nights;  The  Wilderness  Traveler; 
and  Camp  and  Trail. 

White,  Thomas  Raeburn,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  30,  1875,  in  Dublin,  Ind. 
Since  liJOti  he  has  been  counsel  of  the  reg- 
istration commissioners  of  I'hiladeliihia, 
Pa.  lie  is  the  author  of  Some  Recent  Crit- 
icisms of  Uelpcke  vs.  Dubuque;  arid  Com- 
mentaries on  the  Constitution  of  J'enn- 
svlvania. 
■  White, 
wa>  l)<)rn 
N.Y.  He 
promoted 
ticed  law 
been  judgf 
York." 

White,  Trumbull,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  12,  1808,  in  Winterset,  Iowa. 
He  is  editor  of  the  Red  Rook.  He  is  the 
noted  author  of  Wizard  and  Wall  Street; 
Our  War  with  Spain;  Our  New  Posses- 
sion-i;    and   other   works. 

White,  William,  clergyman,  bishop,  nn- 
tiior,  was  Ixirn  .Vpril  4,  1}48,  in  Phiiadcl- 
phia.    Pa.      He  was  thoroughly   educated    in 

the    colleges    and    the- 
ological   seminaries    of 
Pennsylvania.     He  was 
the      first      ])rotestant 
e])isc(»pal       liishop       of 
P  e  n  n  s  y  Ivania.     For 
nearly    sixty   jears    ho 
ruled    his   growing  di- 
ocese;   and    for    forty 
yeais    was    senior    and 
picsid  ng    bisliop.      lie 
was      the     autiior      of 
Memoir    of    the    Epis- 
copal     Church;       Lec- 
Catechism;    and    Comparative 
Controversy    Between    Calvin- 
.\rminians.       He    <\\vi\     .Inly     17, 
Pliiiad.'lphiii,    I'a. 
White,  Wilbert  Webster,  clergyman.  <'du- 
calor,    author,    was    Ixjrn    .Ian.    H>.    IKti."!,    in 
Ashland.    Ohio.     He   has   been    professor   rjf 


Trueman  Clark,  lawyer,  jurist, 
April    3U,    184U,    in    Perrysburg, 

served  in  the  civil  war;  and  was 
to  first  lieutenant.  He  prac- 
in  Bullalo;  and  since  18!)tj  has 
of    the    supreme    court    of   New 


tures  on 
Vif'W  of 
ists  and 
183f;.    in 


the 
tiie 


Hebrew  and  old  testament  literature  in 
Xenia  theological  seminary;  and  a  teacher 
in  the  .Moody  bible  institute  of  Chicago, 
111.  Since  11)00  he  has  been  president  of 
thi"  bible  teachers'  training  school  at  New 
York  City.  lie  is  the  author  of  Thirty 
Studies  in  the  Gospel  of  St.  John;  The 
Natural  Method  of  Alemorizing;  and  Mem- 
ory   Training. 

White,  William  Allen,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  10,  18G8,  in  Emporia,  Kan. 
He  is  now  editor  and  owner  of  the  Em- 
poria Gazette  in  Emporia,  Kan.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Real  Issue,  and  Other 
Stories;  The  Court  of  Boyville;  Strata- 
gems  and    Spoils;   and   In  Our  Town. 

White,  William  Charles,  lawyer,  drama- 
tist, author,  was  born  in  1777  in  Boston, 
i\lass.  He  was  a  lawyer  and  dramatist  of 
NN'orcester,  Alass.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Country  Cousin;  The  Poor  Lodger; 
and  Conipend.um  of  the  Laws  of  Massa- 
chusetts. He  died  May  2,  1818,  in  Wor- 
cester,  i\fass. 

White,  William  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  May  28,  1842,  in  Wellsburg, 
W.  Va.  He  received  an  academic  educa- 
tion; and  studied  at  Hayesville,  Ohio.  He 
served  in  the  union  army  during  the  civil 
war  as  first  sergeant  in  the  one  hundred 
and  second  regiment  Ohio  volunteer  in- 
fantry. In  1871  he  removed  to  Washing- 
ton territory;  and  in  1884-89  was  United 
States  attorney  for  Washington  territory. 
He  has  been  a  representative  in  the  Wasli- 
ington  state  legislature;  and  prosecuting 
attorney  for  llie  tliird  judicial  district  of 
Washington.  in  19X)0  he  was  appointed 
an  associate  justice  of  tiie  state  supreme 
court    of    WasJiington. 

White,  William  Henry,  lawyer,  railroad 
president,  was  born  April  1(5,  1847,  in  Nor- 
folk coiuity,  \'a.  He  was  educated  in  the 
Randolph-Macon  college  of  N'irginia;  at 
the  Virginia  military  institute;  and  at  the 
university  of  Virginia.  In  18G8  he  began 
the  practice  of  law  at  Portsmouth,  Va. ; 
in  1809  was  commonweallli's  attorney  for 
Norfolk  county;  in  1871  was  elected  com- 
monwealth's attorney  for  Norfolk  city, 
Va. ;  and  became  I'nited  States  district  at- 
torney for  tiie  eastern  district  of  Virginia, 
lie  is  general  attorney  for  the  City  gas 
coni])any  of  Norf<dk,  \'a.;  attorney  for  the 
Norfolk  and  southern  railroad  company; 
and  attorney  for  the  Old  Dominion  sleam- 
>\i\\}  eompaii.w  lie  is  president  of  the 
Kiclnnond,  Fredericksburg  and  Potomac 
railroad;  and  |)resideiil  of  the  Washington 
southern   railroad. 

White,  William  J.,  aeri,ulturist,  banker, 
iiiaiiutaci  iiier.  coiigressmaii.  was  born  Oct. 
7,  1850.  in  Cannda.  lie  owns  large  vessel 
interests,  and  is  interested  largely  in  bank- 
ing, farming,  stock-raising,  and  various 
other  busjnes.s  enterprises.  He  was  elect- 
ed mayor  of  West  Cleveland  as  a  repub- 
lican  in    1889;   ami    in    1893-95  he  was   rep- 


674 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


resentative    to    the    fifty-third    congress    as 
a   republican. 

White,  William  Jones,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Oct.  7,  1842,  in  Warrenton,  N.C. 
Since  1885  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Warrenton    railroad   at    Warrenton,   N.C. 

White,  William  Nathaniel,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  28,  1819,  in  Walton, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  bookseller  of  Athens,  Ga. ; 
and  was  editor  and  proprietor  of  The 
Southern  Cultivator.  He  was  the  author 
of  Gardening  for  the  South;  and  Scien- 
tific Gardening.  He  died  July  14,  1867,  in 
Athens,   Ga. 

White,  William  Prescott,  journalist,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  JSIarch  22,  1840, 
in  Honey  Brook,  Pa.  He  was  editor  of  the 
Presbyterian  Journal  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  is  the  author  of  Presbyterian  Year 
Book;  and  The  Presbyterian  Churches  of 
Philadelphia. 

Whiteaker,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  governor,  was  born 
May  4,  1820,  in  Dearborn  county,  Ind.  He 
was  elected  a  judge  of  probate  in  1855;  a 
representative  in  the  territorial  legislature 
in  1857 ;  and  was  governor  of  the  new 
state  of  Oregon  in  1858-62.  He  was  in  the 
state  legislature  in  1866-72;  and  was  state 
senator  in  1876-80;  and  was  president  of 
the  senate  in  1876  and  1878.  In  1879-81 
he  was  a  representative  from  Oregon  to 
the  forty-sixth   congress. 

Wfcitefield,  George,  clergyman,  was  born 
Dec.  27,  1714,  in  England.  He  was,  with 
the  aid  of  Lady  Huntington,  the  founder  of 
the  Calvinistic  Methodists.  He  preached 
about  eighteen  thousand  times,  yet  only 
eighty-one  of  his  sermons  have  been  print- 
ed. He  died  Sept.  30,  1770,  in  Newbury- 
port,   Mass. 

Whitefield,  Henry,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1597  in  England.  He  was  a  pur- 
itan clergyman;  and  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  New  Haven  colony.  He  returned 
to  England  in  1650.  He  was  the  author 
of  Helps  to  Stir  Up  to  Christian  Duties; 
The  Light  Appearing;  and  Strength  Out  of 
Weakness.  He  died  about  1651  in  Win- 
chester, England. 

Whitefield,  J.  W.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Tennessee.  In  1853-57  he  was  a  terri- 
torial delegate  from  Kansas  to  the  thirty- 
third  and  thirty-fourth  congresses.  He 
died  in  Kansas. 

Whitefield,  James,  soldier,  governor,  was 
born  in  Georgia.  He  moved  to  Mississippi 
at  an  early  day;  served  as  a  soldier  in  the 
war  of  1812;  and  also  in  the  Creek  war. 
He  was  the  fourteenth  governor  of  Mis- 
sissippi in  1851-1852.  During  the  civil 
war  he  acted  as  funding  agent  for  the  con- 
federate government.  He  died  June  30, 
1875,  in  Columbus.  Ga. 

Whiteford,  Robert  Naylor,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  l)orn  Jiuie  2S.  1870.  in  Craw- 
fordsville.  Ind.  In  1893-1906  he  was  head 
instructor  in  English  literature  at  the  Peo- 
ria   high    school    of    Illinois;    and    is    now 


connected  with  the  American  international 
college  of  Springfield,  Mass.  He  is  the 
author  of  Anthology  of  English  Poetry; 
and  Boewulf  to  Kii)ling. 

Whitehead,  Charles  Edward,  railroad  pres- 
ident, author,  was  born  in  1830  in  New 
York  City.  Since  1887  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York,  Pennsylvania  and 
Ohio  railroad  at  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Campfires  of  the  Ever- 
glades, or   Wild   Sports   in  the   South. 

Whitehead,  Cortlandt,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Oct.  30,  1842,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1867-70  he  was  a  missionary  in  Colo- 
rado. In  1868  he  was  ordained  to  the 
priesthood;  and  in  1882  was  consecrated 
bishop  of  Pittsburg.  In  1887-1907  he  was 
chaplain-general  of  the  guild  of  St.  Bar- 
nabas  for   nurses. 

Whitehead,  Ira  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1841  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme  court   of  New   Jersey. 

Whitelead,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1819  in  Jersey,  Ohio.  In  1857  he  was 
elected  United  States  circuit  court  com- 
missioner for  the  district  of  New  Jersey. 
He   died   in   New   Jersey. 

Whitehead,  John  M.,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor, was  born  July  29,  1852,  in  Hillsboro, 
111.  He  was  educated  in  Hillsboro  acad- 
emy ;  attended  Wa- 
bash college  of  Craw- 
fordsville,  Ind.;  Wil- 
liston  seminary  of 
Easthampton,  Mass. ; 
and  Yale  college  where 
he  took  the  degree  of 
A.B.  In  1880  Jie  was 
admitted  to  the  bar 
of  Illinois;  and  in 
1883  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  Wisconsin. 
Since  1883  he  has  re- 
sided and  practiced 
law  in  Janesville,  Wis.  He  represented  the 
fourth  ward  of  Janesville  in  the  county 
board  of  Rock  county.  In  1896  he  was 
elected,  and  in  1900  was  re-elected  to  the 
^^■isconsin    state    senate. 

Whitehead,  Ralph  Radcliffe,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  in  1854  in  England.  He 
is  engaged  in  the  propaganda  of  newer 
metliods  of  education.  He  is  the  author  of 
Grass  of  tlie  Deserts;  and  Dante's  Vita 
Nuova. 

Whitehead,  Richard  Henry,  educator,  phy- 
sician, author,  was  born  Jul\'  27,  1865.  in 
Salisbury,  N.C.  In  1891-1903  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  anatomy  at  the  university  of 
North  Carolina;  and  professor  of  anatomy 
and  dean  of  the  medical  department  in  the 
university  of  Virginia.  He  is  the  author 
of   Anatomy   of  the   Brain. 

Whitehead,  Thomas,  soldier,  journalist, 
lawyer,  state  senator,  congressman,  was 
borii  Dec.  27.  1825,  in  Clifton,  N.J.  He 
was  elected  to  tlie  state  senate  in  1865, 
but  did  not  ([ualify;  and  was  elected  a  rep- 
resentative  in   the   Virginia   legislature   for 


HKRRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


675 


Amherst  county  in  1866.  He  was  re-elect- 
ed in  1869;  and  resigned  in  1S73.  In  1873- 
75  he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia 
to  the  fortytliird  congress. 

Whitehead,  William  Adee,  autnor,  was 
born  Feb.  19,  IS  10,  in  Newark,  N.J.  He 
was  United  States  collector  of  customs  in 
1830-38.  He  was  a  commissioner  of  pub- 
lie  schools  in  Newark  in  1859-71;  and  in 
1872  was  president  of  the  city  board  of 
education.  He  was  the  author  of  Bio- 
graphical Sketch  of  \Yilliam  Franklin  ;  Con- 
tributions to  the  Early  History  of  Perth 
Amboy ;  and  East  Jersey  Under  the  Pro- 
prietary Governments.  He  died  Aug.  8, 
1884,    in   Perth   Amboy,   N.J. 

Whitehead,  William  Riddick,  educator, 
pliysician,  surgeon,  founder,  was  born  Dec. 
15,  1831,  in  Suffolk,  Va.  He  was  profes- 
sor of  clinical  medicine  in  the  New  York 
medical  college;  and  during  the  civil  war 
was  a  surgeon  in  the  forty-fourth  regiment 
\'irginia  infantry.  In  186.5-72  he  prac- 
ticed medicine  in  New  York  City;  later 
practiced  his  profession  in  Denver,  Col. 
He  was  instrumental  in  founding  the  med- 
ical school  of  the  university  of  Denver; 
and  the  medical  school  of  the  university  of 
Colorado.  He  died  Oct.  13,  1902,  in  Den- 
\('r.    ('i)l. 

Whitehill,  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Lancaster  county.  Pa.  In 
1813-15  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania. He  was  judge  of  a  county  court ; 
and  a  general  of  militia.  He  died  March 
5,  1822,  in  Strasburg,  Pa. 

Whitehill,  John,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1721  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1803-07  he 
was  a  rej)resentative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  eighth  and  ninth  congresses.  He  died 
in   IHlo   in  Pennsylvania. 

Whitehill,  Robert,  congressman,  was  born 
July  29,  1738,  in  Pequca,  Pa.  In  1805-13 
he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylva- 
nia to  the  ninth,  tenth,  eleventh  and 
twelfth  congresses.  He  died  April  8,  1813, 
in   Laulhcr   Manor,   Pa. 

Whitehorne,  James,  artist,  was  born  Aug. 
22,  1803,  in  Wallingford,  Vt.  In  1838-44 
he  was  recording  secretary  of  the  National 
academy.  He  devoted  himself  to  portrait- 
painting,  executing  a  large  number  of 
works,  notably  the  portrait  of  Silas  Wright 
that  is  now  in  the  city  hall  of  New  York 
City.  lie  made  also  the  design  for  the 
wr-ll-known  mezzotint  engraving.  Henry 
(lay  addressing  the  .senate.  He  iliell 
March    31,    1888,    in    N(!W    York    City. 

Whitehouse,  Mrs.  Florence  Brooks,  inusi- 
ciaii.  autlior.  was  born  in  .Vugnsta,  Maine. 
Slie  is  a  vocalist  in  the  Rossini  club  of 
Portland,  Maine.  She  is  the  author  <if 
'Ihe  fiod  of  Things;  The  Kll'endi ;  and  sev- 
eral   plays    wliich    liavc    I)cen    produced. 

Whitehouse,  Hemyjohn,  clergvman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Aug.  H).  1803.  in  "New  York 
City.  He  was  rector  of  St.  Thomas's 
church  of  New  York  City  in   1844-51,  when 


he    was   made   a   bishop.      He   died  Aug.    10, 
1874.   in   Chicago.    III. 

Whitehouse,  Henry  Remsen,  diplomat,  au- 
tnor, was  born  Aug.  17,  1857,  in  New  York 
City.      He    was    educated    in    England,    Ger- 

m  a  n  y,  Switzerland 
and  the  United 
States;  and  is  a  stu- 
dent in  literature  and 
ii  i  s  t  o  rical  research. 
■jr  In    1882-96  he  was   in 

jm  jir  the   United   States  dip- 

^^^r^^H^JM  lomatic     service.      He 

•g^K^^v  i^   the   author   of   Sac- 

^^AiJf^^^^  rifice  of  a  Throne; 
^^^VMi^^^^^  Collapse  of  the  King- 
^^^^B|^^^^^H    dom  Naples;      A 

mim^^^^H    Revolutionary    P  r  i  n- 

cess;  Life  of  Chris- 
tina Belgio  Joso-Trivulzio,  in  English  and 
French;  Life  of  Lamartine;  and  articles 
on  Italian  subjects  to  American,  Italian, 
Frencli  and  Swiss  reviews. 

Whitehouse,  James  Horton,  designer,  was 
born  Oct.  28,  1833,  in  England.  Many  of 
the  best-known  art  pieces  of  silverware 
that  have  been  produced  in  America  were 
designed  by  him.  Among  them  is  the  Bry- 
ant vase,  which  was  presented  to  the  poet 
on  his  eightieth  birthday,  and  is  to  be 
seen  in  the  Metropolitan  museum  of  art 
of  New  York  City.  He  died  in  1902  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Whitehouse,  John  0.,  merchant,  manufac- 
turer, congressman,  was  born  July  19,  1817, 
in  Rochester,  N.H.  In  1873-77  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  for- 
ty-third and  forty-fourth  congresses.  He 
died   in    Pouglikeepsie,   N.Y. 

Whitehouse,  Robert  Treat,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  27,  1870,  in  Augusta, 
Maine.  Since  1906  he  has  been  United 
States  district  attorney  of  Maine.  He  is 
the  author  of  Equity  Jurisdiction,  Plead- 
ing and   Practice   in   Maine. 

Whitehouse,  William  Penn,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  .\pril  9,  1842,  in  V'assalboro, 
Maine.  He  was  city  solicitor  of  Augusta 
for  four  years:  county  attorney  for  seven 
years;  and  judge  of  the  superior  court  in 
1878-90.  Since  1890  he  has  been  associate 
justice  of   the  sui)ri'nu'   court   of   Maine. 

Whitelaw,  Robert  H.,  congressman,  was 
born  Jan.  30.  1854,  in  Essex  county.  Va. 
In  1859  he  moved  to  Ca])e  (iirardcau.  Mo. 
In  1890-91  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-lirsit  congress  as  a   democrat. 

Whiteley,  Mrs.  Isabel  Nixon,  author,  was 
Imrn  in  IS5!t  in  Cambridge,  N.Y.  Siie  is 
a  I'hiladclpiiia  writer.  She  is  the  author 
of  The  Falcon  of  Langeac;  and  For  the 
l''reiicli    Uilii's. 

Whiteley,  Richard  Henry,  soldier,  lawyer, 
manufacturer,  congressimm,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  Dec.  22.  1830.  in  Ireland, 
lie  was  appointed  solicitor-general  of  the 
southwestern  circuit  of  (ieorgia  in  1868. 
In    1870   he   was  elected   United   States  sen- 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ator  for  the  term  ending  in  1871.  in  18159- 
75  he  was  a  representative  to  the  forty- 
tirst,  forty-second  and  forty-third  con- 
gresses, lie  died  Sept.  20,  1890,  in  Boul- 
der, Colo. 

Whiteley,  Robert  Henry  Kirkwood,  sol- 
dier, was  burn  April  15,  1809,  near  Cam- 
bridge, :Md.  During  the  civil  war  he  was 
in  charge  of  the  New  York  arsenal  till 
1862;  and  then  of  Alleghany  arsenal, 
which  latter  post  he  held  till  his  retire- 
ment from  active  service  in  1875.  He  was 
brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general  in 
1865.  He  died  June  9,  1890,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Whiteley,  William  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  burn  in  1819  in  Newark,  N. 
J.  In  1857-01  he  was  a  representative 
from  Delaware  to  the  thirty-fifth  and  thir- 
ty-sixth congresses.  In  1852  he  was  ap- 
pointed prothonotary  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  Castle  county;  and  in  1875  was 
elected  mayor  of  Wilmington,  Del.  In  1884 
he  was  appointed  judge  of  the  circuit 
court.  He  died  April  23,  1886,  in  Wil- 
miiiiiton,   Del. 

Whitelock,  William  Wallace,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  April  1,  1809,  at  Mount 
Washington,   ]\ld.      He   received   the   degree 

of  A.B.  from  Johns 
Hopkins  university ; 
and  Ph.D.  from  the 
university  of  Munich, 
lie  served  an  ap]'ren- 
ticeship  in  ne\vsi)aper 
work  in  New  York. 
He  was  chief  yeo- 
man on  board  the 
Gloucester  d  li  ring 
the  Spanish-American 
war.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  When  the 
Heart  Is  Young ;  The 
Literary  Guillotine  i'^Jnst  Love  Songs  ;  Fore- 
gone X'ersps:  and  When  Kings  Go  Forth 
to   Battle. 

Wl  itelock,  Mrs.  Louise  Clarkson,  author, 
was  born  in  1805  in  Baltimore,  Md.  She 
is  the  wife  of  George  Whitelock.  a  lawyer 
of  Baltimore.  Md.  She  is  the  autlioi  of 
\'iolet  With  Eyes  of  Blue;  The  Gathering 
of  the  Lilies;  The  Rag  Fair;  Indian  Sum- 
mer; Heartsease  and  Happy  Days;  Fly- 
away Fairies ;  and  Little  Miss  Stay-at- 
Home. 

Whiteside^  Jenkins,  United  States  sena- 
tor, was  born  in  1782,  in  Lancaster,  Pa. 
In  1809-11  he  was  United  States  senator 
from  Tennessee.  He  died  Sept.  25,  1822, 
in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Whiteside,  John,  congressman.  In  1815- 
19  he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  con- 
gresses.     He    died    in    Pennsylvania. 

Whiteside,  John  Rowland,  clergyman,  sur- 
geon, legislator,  was  born  Nov.  19,  1851,  in 
Troy.  111.  He  was  educated  at  the  Chi- 
cago university  and  at  St.  Louis  medical 
college.      He    soon    attained    success    in    the 


practice  of  medicine;  and  is  a  member  of 
the  leading  medical  and  scientific  societies. 
In  1887-89  he  was  register  of  the  United 
States  land  office  at  Deadwood,  S.D.;  and 
now  practices  his  profession  in  Arizona. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  territorial  coun- 
cil for  Mohave  county  tor  the  term  of 
1902-03. 

Whiteside,  Peter,  patriot,  was  born  in 
1752,  in  England.  He  advanced  a  large 
part  of  his  fortune  to  procure  shoes  for 
the  continental  army.  Subsequently  Wash- 
ington sent  him  on  a  mission  to  France 
to  arrange  for  better  commercial  inter- 
course between  that  country  and  the  Unit- 
ed States.  He  died  in  December,  1828,  in 
Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Whiteside,  Samuel,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Illinois.  In  1812  he  was  captain  of  the 
mounted  rifle  volunteers ;  and  in  1832  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. 

Whitfield,  Albert  Hall,  educator,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  12,  1849,  near  Aber- 
deen, Miss.  In  1871  he  graduated  with 
first  honors  from  the  university  of  ^lis- 
sissippi;  and  has  received  the  degrees  of 
A.M.  and  LL.D.  from  that  institution  of 
learning.  In  1871-75  he  was  professor  of 
Latin  and  Greek  in  the  university  of  Mis- 
sissippi; and  in  1874  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  that  institution.  In 
1892-94  he  was  dean  of  the  law  depart- 
ment in  the  university  of  Mississippi ;  and 
since  1900  he  has  been  professor  of  law 
Millsap's  college.  Since  1894  he  has  been 
associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Mississippi;  became  chief  justice 
in  1900;  and  is  now  chief  justice  for  the 
term  of  1903-12.  He  is  the  author  of 
Shall  the  Philippines  Be  Annexed;  and 
The   Ostracised   South. 

Whitfield,  James,  clergyman,  archbishop, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1770,  in  England.  He 
was  consecrated  archbishop  in  1828;  and 
was  also  appointed  administrator  of  the 
see  of  Richmond.  He  spent  his  large  pri- 
vate fortune  in  building  churches,  supply- 
ing priests,  and  erecting  institutions  of 
education  and  charity.  He  died  Oct.  19, 
1834.    in    Baltimore,   Md. 

Whitfield,  James  Bryan,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  No\-.  8.  1800.  in  Wayne  county, 
N.C.  In  1880  he  was  admitted  to  the 
practice  of  law;  in  1897-1902  he  was  state 
treasurer  of  Florida;  and  in  1903-04  was 
attorney-general  of  Florida.  In  1904  he 
was  appointed  and  elected  a  justice;  and 
in  1905  and  1909  was  chosen  chief  justice 
of   the    supremo    court   of   Florida. 

Whitfield,  John  W.,  congressman,  Avas 
born  in  Teniu'ssee.  In  1853-50  he  was  a 
delegate  from  Kansas  to  the  thirty-third 
and    Ihirty-fumth    congresses. 

Whitfield,  Robert  Parr,  paleontologist, 
author,  was  born  May  27.  1828,  in  New 
Hartford,  N.Y.  In  18*77  he  was  appointed 
curator  of  the  geological  department  of  the 
American    museum    of    Natural    History    in 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


677 


tlittr.   was   1)0111  May 


New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  thir- 
ty memoirs,  which  have  appeared  in  the 
Bullt'tiiis  of  the  American  museum  of  Na- 
tural History;  and  about  seventy  reports 
and  iiioiiojrraiilis  of  raleontology  of  New 
Jt-r^i'V  and  Ohio. 

Whitford,  William  Clarke,  educator,  leg- 
islator,   ck'rjiTNman,    college    i)iesi(leiit.    au- 

o.  182S.  ill  Kdineston, 
N.Y.  He  was  engaged 
in  educat-onal  work; 
has  been  president  of 
M  i  1 1  o  n  college  for 
past  forty  years;  and 
served  with  distinc- 
tion as  a  member  of 
tlie  Wisconsin  state 
IcL'islature.  He  has 
Ijei'ii  president  of  the 
Wise  onsin  teachers' 
assocation;  and  for 
four  years  was  state 
su])erintendent  of  pub- 
lic iiist  nu  in-ii.  I'or  nine  years  he  was 
regent  of  the  state  normal  schools  of  Wis- 
consin: and  four  years  was  editor  of  the 
Wisconsin  Journal  of  Education.  He  was 
the  author  of  History  of  Elducation  in  Wis- 
consin;  and  other  "works.  He  died  May 
■20.    1!)(»2,   in   Milton.   Wis. 

Witham,  Jay  Manuel,  mechanical  engi- 
neer, author,  was  born  Aug.  24.  1858,  in 
Warren.  111.  In  1883  he  graduated  from 
the  Inited  States  naval  academy;  and  re- 
mained in  the  engineer  corps  of  the  navy 
until  188G.  Since  1891  he  has  been  con- 
sulting engineer  in  steam  and  hydraulics 
in  Pli.ladel|)iiia.  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
Steam  Engine  Design;  and  Constructive 
Steam    Engineering. 

writing,  Arthur  Battelle,  musician,  com- 
poser; was  born  June  20.  1861.  in  Cam- 
bridt;e.  Mass.  He  is  a  teacher  of  pianoforte 
and  composition  in  New  York  City.  He  is 
the  author  of  many  pianoforte-pieces,  an- 
tlicnis.  soi'gs  and  orpran   nuisic. 

Whiting,  Charles  Goodrich,  journalist,  au- 
tiior.  was  born  .Tan.  30.  1842.  in  St.  Albans, 
Vt.  He  was  educated  in  the  firammar  and 
liiirii  school  of  Chieopee  Falls.  .Mass.  His 
youth  was  spent  in  paper  making,  farniim; 
and  keejjinK  (ountry  store.  With  the  excep- 
tion of  eiuliti-en  months  he  has  iieen  on  the 
stalT  of  the  Ui'publiciin  since  1868;  and  since 
1874  has  been  literary  editor.  For  eifrhteeii 
months  he  was  editor  of  the  Albany  Even- 
in;:  Times.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Authors 
Club  of  .New  York;  and  a  memlier  of  the 
National  institnti'  of  arts  and  letters.  He 
is  tie  antjior  of  Ode  on  the  Dedication  of 
the  Soldiers'  i;nd  Sailors'  Monument  at 
Sprinpfield  ;  The  Saunterer ;  Walks  in  New 
Kn«buid  ;  and  .\rts  and  Letters  in  Spring- 
liehi. 

Whiting,  Charles  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  .May  25.  18<'.3.  in  Olmsted  county.  Minn. 
He  was  educated  in  the  Michigan  state  uni- 
versity ;  and  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 


ment of  the  Minnesota  state  university.  He 
has  been  prosecuting  attorney  of  Kingsbury 
county,  S.D. ;  and  circuit  judge  for  the  ninth 
circuit  of  South  Dakota.  He  is  now  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
South  Dakota  for  the  term  of  1908-13. 

Whiting,  George  Elbridge,  organist,  com- 
poser, was  born  Sept.  14,  1842,  in  Ilolliston, 
Mass.  In  1878  he  became  organist  of  the 
^lusic  hall  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  head  of 
the  organ  department  in  the  college  of  mu- 
sic ;  but  after  five  years  he  returned  to  his 
old  post  in  the  New  England  conservatory. 
His  compositions  include  a  mass  in  C  minor; 
a  mass  in  F  minor ;  Dream  Pictures ;  The 
Tale  of  the  Viking ;  and  Leonora.  He  has 
also  composed  music  for  the  organ,  and  has 
published  The  Organist;  and  The  First  Six 
Months  on  the  Organ. 

Wilting,  Harvey  A.,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Oct.  27,  1833,  in  Pittsburgh,  Mass. 
Since  1884  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Monson  railroad  at  Wilton.  N.H. 

Whiting,  Henry,  soldier,  author,  was  born 
about  1790  in  Lancaster,  Mass.  He  was  a 
United  States  army  officer.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Otway,  the  Son  of  the  Forest,  a 
Poem  :  Saniltp,  a  Poem ;  The  Age  of  Steam ; 
and  Life  of  Zebulon  Pike,  in  Spark's  Amer- 
ican Biography.  He  died  Sept.  16.  18.51,  in 
St.  Louis,  ;Mo. 

Whiting,  Justin  Rice,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  Feb.  18,  1847, 
in  Bath,  N.Y.  He  was  a  merchant  and  man- 
ufacturer; and  was  elected  mayor  of  St. 
Clair  in  1879.  He  was  elected  state  senator 
in  1882.  In  1887-95  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fiftieth,  fifty-first,  fifty-second,  and 
fifty-third  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He 
died  .Tan.  31.  1903.   in  St.  Clair,  Mich. 

Whiting,  Lilian,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  in  1857  at  Niagara  Falls.  N.Y.  She  is 
a  Boston  journalist  :  and  has  visited  Europe 
three  times.  She  is  the  author  of  From 
Dreamland  Sent,  a  volume  of  verse;  The 
World  Beautiful,  three  collections  of  es- 
says; After  Her  Death;  The  Story  of  a 
Summer;  Kate  Field;  .V.  Study  of  the  Life 
and  Poetry  of  Elizabeth  Barrett  Brown- 
ing':   and    Italy,   the  Magic  Land. 

Whiting,  Martha,  one  of  tiie  pioneers  of 
femah'  education  in  .\merica,  was  born  Feb. 
27,  1795,  in  Hinghain,  Mass.  She  founded 
the  Charleston  Female  seminary,  where 
some  of  the  noted  women  of  America  have 
been  finely  educated,  i)roniinent  among  whom 
are  .Mary  \.  Livermore  and  .Vbbie  K.  Knight. 
She  dier'l    .\u-.  22.  18-53.   in   Hingham.   .Mass. 

Whiting,  Nathan,  soldier,  was  born  May 
4.  1724.  in  Windhani.  Conn.  Hi'  w;is  pro- 
niole<l  colonel  in  1756;  and  served  through- 
out the  revolutionary  war.  He  was  a  repre- 
sentativ<'  in  the  Connecticut  general  as.sem- 
bly  in  1769;  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  was 
a  landidate  for  the  up|ier  house.  He  died 
.April  9.  1771.  in   New  Haven.  Conn. 

Whiting  Richard  H.,  soldier,  merchant, 
congressman,  was  born  .Tan.  7,  1826.  in  Hart- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN    BIOGRAPHY. 


lord,  Conu.  He  engaged  in  business  as  a 
merchant  in  Illinois ;  served  as  paymaster  in 
the  federal  army  during  the  civil  war ;  and 
in  1870  was  appointed  assessor.  He  was  col- 
lector of  the  fifth  collection  district  of  Illi- 
nois. In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  forty-fourth  congress  as 
a   republican. 

Whiting,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  20,  1597,  in  England.  He  was  a 
puritan  clergyman  ;  and  in  1636-79  was  pas- 
tor at  Lynn,  Mass.  He  was  the  author  of 
Oratio  quam  Comitijs  Cantab.  Americanis, 
etc. ;  The  Last  Judgment ;  and  Abraham  In- 
terceding for  Sodom.  He  died  Dec.  11,  1679, 
in  Lynn,  Mass. 

Whiting,  Vinson  M.,  educator,  lawyer, 
stockman,  statesman,  was  born  Aug.  12, 
1855,  in  Red  Boiling  Springs,  Tenn.  He 
taught  school  for  ten  years  in  1873-83  ;  and 
in  1883-87  was  in  the  circuit  court  clerk's 
office  of  Macon  county,  Tenn.  Since  1886 
he  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  Red  Boiling  Springs,  Tenn  ;  and  in  1893 
was  a  representative  in  the  Tennessee  legis- 
lature ;  and  has  held  various  other  positions 
of  trust  and  honor. 

Whiting,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  March  3.  1813.  in  Concord,  Mass. 
In  1862-65  he  was  solicitor  in  the  war  de- 
partment at  Washington.  In  1868  he  was  a 
presidential  elector;  and  in  1872  was  elected 
to  congress  but  died  before  he  could  take  his 
seat.  He  was  the  author  of  The  War  Pow- 
ers of  the  President  and  the  Legislative 
Powers  of  Congress.  He  died  June  29,  1873, 
in  Boston,  Mass. 

Whiting,  William,  manufacturer,  banker, 
state  senator,  congressman,  \\as  born  May 
24.  1841,  in  Dudley.  Mass.  In  1865  he  or- 
ganized the  Whiting  paper  company ;  and 
became  president  of  the  Holyoke  national 
bank  in  1872.  He  was  a  state  senator  in 
1873  ;  was  city  treasurer  of  Holyoke  in  1876  ; 
and  mayor  in  1877.  In  1883-89  he  was  a 
representative  from  INIassachusetts  to  the 
forty-eighth,  fortj'-ninth  and  fiftieth  congress- 
es as  a  republican.  He  is  a  manufacturer  of 
paper  at   Holyoke.   Mass. 

Whiting,  William  B.,  naval  ofTicer,  was 
horn  Nov.  13.  1813,  in  Troy,  N.Y.  In  rec- 
ognition of  his  scientific  attainments,  he  was 
ni-omotcd  to  commander  and  captain  in  1867  ; 
and  to  commodore  in  1871.  He  died  Dec.  16, 
1883.   in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Whiting,  William  Danforth,  naval  officer, 
was  born  ^Nlay  27.  1823,  in  Boston,  Mass,  In 
1878  he  was  appointed  chief  of  bureau  of 
navigation  and  office  of  detail,  with  the  rank 
of  commodore.  He  died  March  19,  1894,  in 
New  York  City. 

Whiting,  William  Henry,  naval  officer, 
was  born  July  8,  1843,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1863  he  was  promoted  ensign  ;  wa^  pro- 
moted through  various  grades ;  and  in  1903 
attained  the  rank  of  rear-admiral.  In  1905 
he  was  retired. 

Whiting,  William  Henry  Chase,  soldier, 
was  boni  in  1825  in  Mississippi.    In  1845  he 


graduated  from  West  Point.  He  entered  the 
confederate  service  ;  and  was  made  a  major- 
general  in  1863.  He  died  March  10,  1865,  on 
Governor's   Island,  N.Y. 

Whitlock,  Brand,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  March  4,  1869,  in  Urbana,  Ohio.  Since 
1897  he  has  practiced  law  in  Toledo,  Ohio. 
In  1905  he  was  elected  mayor  of  Toledo, 
Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Thirteenth 
District;  Her  Infinite  Variety;  The  Happy 
Average ;   and  The  Turn  of  the  Balance.  ^ 

Whitlock,  George  Clinton,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  in  1808  in  Ver- 
mont. He  is  a  methodist  clergyman  and  edu- 
cator of  Iowa.  He  was  the  author  of  Ele- 
ments of  Geometry ;  and  New  System  of 
Surveying.    He  died  in  Vermont. 

Whitlock,  William  Francis,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Oct.  20,  1833,  near 
Dayton,  Ohio,  Since  1866  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  Latin  language  and  literature ;  and 
since  1905  has  been  vice-president  at  the 
Ohio  Wesleyan  university.  He  has  repre- 
sented the  North  Ohio  conference  in  the  gen- 
eral conference  of  the  methodist  episcopal 
church  since  1884;  and  has  been  chairman 
of  the  publishing  committee  of  the  church 
since  1893.  He  is  the  author  of  Story  of  the 
Book  Concern. 

Whitman,  Alonzo  Garcelon,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  7,  1842.  in  Auburn.  In 
1875  he  was  elected  principal  of  the  high 
school  of  Melrose,  Mass.  He  is  the  author 
of  Notes  on  Mineralogy. 

Whitman,  Benaiah  Longley,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  Nov.  21.  1862,  in 
Nova  Scotia.  He  was  educated  in  his  native 
country  ;  at  the  Worcester  academy  in  Mas- 
sachusetts ;  in  1887  graduated  from  Brown 
university  and  was  a  student  in  the  Newton 
theological  institute.  He  received  the  honor- 
ary degree  of  D.D.  from  Bowdoin  college ; 
and  the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  Howard.  In 
1890-92  filled  a  pastorate  in  the  baptist 
church  of  Portland,  Maine ;  was  president  of 
the  Colby  university  in  1892-95  ;  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Columbian  university  of  Wash- 
ington in  1895-1900;  and  since  the  latter 
(late  pastor  fifth  baptist  church  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Whitman,  Bernard,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  June  8.  1796,  in  East  Bridgewater, 
Mass.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman  ;  and 
in  1826-34  was  pastor  at  Waltham,  ]Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  On  Denying  the  Loi'd 
Jesus  ;  Letters  on  Religious  Liberty  ;  Village 
Sermons  ;  and  Friendly  Letters  to  a  Univer- 
salist.  He  died  Nov.  5.  1834,  in  Waltham, 
Mass. 

Whitman,  Bernard  Crosby,  lawyer,  jurist, 
goveriiinent  official,  was  born  Oct.  25.  1827. 
in  AValtham.  Mass.  In  1849  he  was  admitted 
to  the  practice,  of  law.  He  was  sherilT  of  a 
county,  and  city  clei-k  of  Beuicia  ;  and  in 
1854  was  a  member  of  the  California  as- 
sembly. He  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  congress.  In  1868  he  was  one  of  the  jus- 
tices of  the  supremo   court  of   Nevada ;   and 


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679 


in   1873-74   filled   the  oflBce  of  chief  justice. 
lie  died  Aus-  5.  1885.  in  San  Fnuicisc-o,  Cal. 

Whitman,  Charles  Otis,  naturalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1842  in  Maine.  He  has 
been  head  professor  of  zoology  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Chicago  since  1892.  lie  estab- 
lished The  Journal  of  Morphology  in  1887  ; 
and  The  Biological  Bulletin  in  1897.  He  is 
I  he  author  of  Methods  of  Kesearch  in  Micro- 
stopical  Anatomy  and  Embryology  ;  and  a 
volume  of   Biological   Lectures. 

Whitman,  Charles  Seymour,  lawyer,  jur- 
is!, was  born  Aug.  28,  1808,  in  Connecticut. 
lie  has  been  a.ssistant  corporation  counsel, 
city  magistrate,  president  of  the  board  of 
city  magistrates  and  judge  of  the  court  of 
general  sessions.  He  is  now  district  attor- 
ney. 

Whitman,  Edmund  Allen,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  11,  1860,  in  Lawrence,  Kan. 
lie  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  Boston,  Mass.  He 
is  the  author  of  Flax  Culture  in  the  United 
Slates. 

Whitman,  Ezekiel,  lawyer,-  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  March  9,  1776,  in  East 
Bridgewater.  Mass.  He  was  chief  justice  of 
the  common  pleas  court  of  Maine,  presiding 
as  such  for  twenty-live  years.  In  1809-11 
and  1817-23  he  was  a  representative  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  eleventh,  fifteenth,  six- 
teenth and  seventeenth  congresses ;  and  was 
a  member  of  the  executive  council  of  Maine 
■;i  1815-16.  In  1841-48  he  was  chief  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Maine.  He  died 
Aug.  1,  1866,  in  East  Bridgewater,  Mass. 

Whitman,  Jason,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  April  3U.  1799,  in  Bridgewater,  Mass. 
He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman  of  Lexing- 
ton in  1845-48.  Pie  was  author  of  Memoir 
of  B.  Whitman ;  Young  Man's  Assistant ; 
Young  Lady's  Aid  to  L^sefulness ;  ^Veek  Day 
Religion;  and  Discussions  on  the  Lord's 
Prayer.  He  died  Jan.  25,  1848,  in  Lexing- 
ton.   Mass. 

Whitman,  John  Munro,  railroad  official, 
(inancier,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1837,  in  El- 
bridge,  N.Y.  In  1856  he  entered  railway 
service  as  a  rodnian  on  the  Illinois  Central 
railroad  ;  in  1883-87  was  general  superin- 
tendent;  has  been  general  manager  and  vice- 
president  ;  and  since  1906  has  been  vice-pres- 
ident in  charge  of  construction  of  the  Chi- 
cago. St.  I'aul.  Minneapolis  and  Omaha  rail- 
road. 

Whitman,  Lemuel,  congrcs-snian,  was  born 
in  1780  in  Connecticut.  In  1823-25  he  was  a 
rejjresentative  from  Connecticut  to  the  eigh- 
teenth congress.  lie  died  Nov.  18,  1841,  in 
Farniiiiiitoii.   ("onii. 

Whitman,  Marcus,  pioneer,  was  born  Sept. 
4.  1802.  in  Uushville.  N.Y.  Dr.  Whitman 
and  the  Kev.  Henry  N.  Spaulding.  with  their 
young  wives,  set  out  in  1836  and  rrossed  the 
Koeky  mountains  by  the  Sr)ulli  I'ass.  through 
which  John  C.  Fremont's  party  penetrated 
six  yeai-s  later.  Mrs.  Whitman  and  Mrs. 
Spaulding  were  the  first  white  women  to 
cross  the  mountains.  Whitman  is  cn-dited 
with   saving  Oregon   to   the  union.    lie   was 


subsequently  massacred  with  his  wife  and 
two  children  by  the  Cayuse  Indians.  He 
died  Nov.  29.  1847,  in  Waulatpu,  Oregon. 
Whitman  county  and  Whitman  college  were 
named  for  him ;  and  fifty  years  after  his 
death  a  monument  was  erected  to  his  mem- 
ory. 

Whitman,  Mrs.  Sarah  Helen,  litterateur, 
])0et,  was  born  in  1803,  in  Providence,  R.I. 
She  was  the  author  of  Still  Day  in  Autumn, 
her  finest  effort;  Hours  of  Life,  and  Other 
Poems;  and  Edgar  Poe  and  His  Critics. 
A  complete  edition  of  her  poems  appeared 
in  1879.  She  died  June  27,  1878,  in  Provi- 
(lenee.    R.I. 

Whitman,  Walt,  author,  poet,  was  born 
May  31,  1819,  in  West  Hills,  N.Y.  During 
the  civil  war  he  served  as  a  volunteer  nurse 
in  the  Washington  hospitals;  and  after 
holding  a  government  clerkship  until  1873, 
removed  to  Camden,  N.J.,  where  the  rest 
of  his  life  was  passed.  He  was  the  author 
of  Leaves  of  Grass;  Drum  Taps;  After  All 
Not  to  Create  Only;  A  Passage  to  India; 
As  a  Strong  Bird  on  Pinions  Free;  Two 
Rivulets;  November  Boughs;  Good  Bye  My 
Fancy;  Sands  at  Seventy;  Specimen  Days 
and  Collect;  in  prose,  Franklin  Evans,  or 
tlie  Inebriate;  Democractic  Vistas;  and 
Memoranda  During  the  AVar.  My  Captain 
is  his  most  popular  poem.  He  died  March 
25.  1892.  in  Camden,  N.J. 

Whitman,  William  Edward  Seaver,  jour- 
luilist,  author,  was  born  Doc.  25,  1832,  in 
South  Boston,  Mass.  He  was  a  regular 
correspondent  for  fourteen  leading  dailies; 
and  was  correspondent  of  the  Boston  Jour- 
nal for  twenty-five  years.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  The  Ship  Carpenter's  Family;  Maine 
in  the  War  for  the  Union;  and  Narow 
Gauge  Railroads.  He  died  in  1901,  in  Au- 
gusta,  ]Maine. 

Whitmarsh,  Caroline  Snowden,  author, 
was  born  June  1,  1827.  in  Boston,  Mass. 
She  is  the  author  of  Violet;  Daisy;  Never 
Mind  the  Face;  and  the  Summer-House 
Series  on  scientific  subjects.  She  has  com- 
piled Hymns  for  Mothers  and  Children; 
llymns  of  the  Ages,  the  first  series  with 
Mrs.  Anne  E.  Guild;  and  Prayers  of  the 
Ages. 

Whitmarsh,  Hubert  Phelps,  governor,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  10,  1863,  in  Canada. 
In  1900-01  he  was  ci^'il  governor  of  the 
Province  of  Benguet,  Luzon.  Philippine  Is- 
lands. He  is  the  author  of  The  World's 
Rough  Hand;  Toil  and  Adventure  at  the 
.\ntipodes;  The  Golden  Talisman;  The 
Young  Pearl  Divers;  and  Mysterious  Voy- 
age  of  the   Daphne. 

Whitmer,  Henry  C,  merchant,  public  of- 
ficial, was  born  July  24.  1847.  in  Wells  coun- 
ty. Tnd.  He  received  his  education  in  the 
public  schools;  and  soon  entered  mercantile 
l>usiiie.ss.  He  is  now  a  successful  furni- 
ture dealer  of  Colon.  Mich.;  and  is  also  well 
known  as  an  undertaker  and  embalmer.  He 
has  been  township  clerk;  and  is  now  post- 
master  of   Colon,  Mich. 


680 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Whitmore,  Frank  Hayden,  librarian,  was 
born  July  14,  1877,  in  Melbourne,  Australia. 
He  graduated  with  the  degree  of  A.B.  from 
Harvard  university;  and  the  degree  of  B.L. 
8.  from  the  New  York  state  library  school. 
In  1901-05  he  was  assistant  librarian  of 
Bowdoin  college  library;  and  since  1905  has 
been  librarian  of  the  public  library  of  Brock- 
ton,  Mass.  ^ 

Whitmore,  George  W.,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator, congressman,  was  born  Aug.  26,  1824, 
in  iMcjMinn  county,  Tenn.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Texas  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1852-53  and  1858.  In  1866  he 
was  appointed  attorney  of  tlse  ninth  dis- 
trict; and  was  appointed  register  in  bank- 
ruptcy in  1867.  In  1809-71  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Texas  to  the  forty-first 
congress  as  a  republican.  He  died  in  Tyler, 
Texas. 

Whitemore,  William  Henry,  genealogist, 
was  born  Sept.  6,  1836,  in  Dorclicster,  Mass. 
For  eight  years  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Boston  common  council,  of  which  he  be- 
came president  in  1879.  His  ancestral  tab- 
lets is  an  invention  of  great  use  to  gene- 
alogists, being  a  set  of  pages  cut  and  ar- 
ranged to  admit  the  insertion  of  a  pedigree 
in  a  condensed  form.  He  is  the  author  of 
American  Genealogy;  Elements  of  Heraldry; 
History  of  the  Old  State  House,  Boston; 
and  many  genealogies.  He  died  June  in 
1900.    in    Boston,    Mass. 

Whitney,  Mrs.  Adeline  Dutton  Train,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Sept.  15,  1824,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  She  lived  at  Milton  for  many  years. 
She  was  the  author  of  Friendly  Letters  to 
Girl  Friends;  Faith  Gartney's  Girlhood;  The 
(Tayworthvs;  A  Summer  in  Leslie  Gold- 
thwaite's  "Life;  Hitlierto;  We  Girls;  The 
Other  Girls;  Real  Folks;  Sights  and  In- 
sightts;  Add  or  Even?;  Bonnyborough; 
Boys  at  Chequasset;  Homespun  Yarns;  As- 
cutney  Street;  A  Golden  Gossip;  Patience 
Strong's  Outings;  Mother  Goose  for  Grown 
Folks.  She  has  also  written  The  Open  Mys- 
tery: A  Reading  of  the  Mosaic  Story; 
Just  How,  A  Key  to  the  Cook  Books;  and 
in  verse,  Pansies:  Daffodils;  Holy  Tides; 
Bird  Talk;  and  White  Memories.  She  died 
Marcli  20.  1906,  in  Milton,  Mass. 

Whitney,  Alfred  Rutgers,  constructing  en- 
gineer, was  born  June  16,  1868,  in  New 
York  City.  He  graduated  with  the  degree 
of  M.E.  from  Stevens  institute  of  technol- 
ogy, of  Hoboken,  N.J.  He  is  president  and 
treasurer  of  Tlie  Whitney  company,  en- 
gaged in  the  construction  of  buildings  in 
the  United  States,  Japan.  Mexico,  Ecuador 
and  Europe.  Until  1905  he  was  sergeant- 
major  in  the  New  York  national  guard,  and 
for  two  years  was  major  on  the  governor's 
stall'.  He  was  subsequently  appointed  first 
lieutenant,  captain  and  adjutant  in  the* 
New  York  national  guard,  resigned  in  1913 
after  fifteen  years  of  service,  and  was  bre- 
vetted  major. 

Whitney,  Allan  Sisson,  educator,  scientist, 
was    born   June    16,    1858,   in   Mt.   Clemens, 


Mich.  In  1885-92  he  was  superintendent 
of  schools  at  Mt.  Clemens;  and  in  1892-99 
was  superintendent  of  schools  at  Saginaw 
Mich,  in  1905  he  became  professor  of  edu- 
cation and  inspector  of  schools.  He  has 
been  president  of  the  Michigan  school  super- 
intendents' association;  and  president  of 
the    Michigan    schoolmasters'    club. 

Whitney,  Anne,  scupltor,  poet,  was  born 
Sept.  2,  1821,  in  Watertown.  Mass.  Some 
of  her  sculptures  are  The  Statue  of  Sam- 
uel Adams  in  the  capitol  in  Washington; 
and  Statues  of  Leif  Ericsson  in  Boston  and 
in  JMilwaukee.  Her  only  volume  of  Poems 
appeared  in  1859,  of  wliich  the  Hymn  to  the 
Sea   is  probably   the   best  known. 

Whitney,  Asa,  merchant,  inventor,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1797.  He  was  in  mer- 
cantile business  in  New  Y'ork  City;  and  in 
1848  patented  his  process  of  annealing  car- 
wheels.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Project 
for  a  Railroad  to  the  Pacific;  and  A  Plan 
for  a  Direct  Communication  Between  the 
Great  Centers  of  Populations  of  Europe  and 
Asia.  He  died  in  August,  1872,  in  Wash- 
ington.  D.C. 

Whitney,  Mrs.  Belle  Armstrong,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1871,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  She  was  editor  of  the  Gentle- 
woman of  New  York  City;  and  is  now 
president  of  the  Morse-Broughton  company, 
I)ub]ishers  of'  L'Art  de  la  Mode.  She  is 
tlie  autlior  of  The  Art  of  Dress. 

Whitney,  Carrie  Westlake,  librarian, 
was  born  in  Virginia.  Since  1882  she  has 
been  librarian  of  tlie  public  library,  of  Kan- 
sas City,  Mo.  She  is  a  member  of  the 
Missouri  branch  American  Folk-lore  society; 
and  an  associate  member  of  the  Missouri 
historical  societ)^  of   St.   Louis,  Mo. 

Whitney,  Caspar,  journalist,  author,  was 
b.orii  Sept.  2,  1861,  in  Baltimore.  Md.  In 
1880-86  he  was  engaged  in  hunting  and 
exploring.  For  years  he  was  connected 
witli  Harper's  Weekly  as  correspondent  and 
writer  on  outdoor  sports.  He  is  now  editor 
of  The  Outing  magazine.  He  is  a  journal- 
ist of  New  York  City;  and  a  prominent  ad- 
vocate of  amateur  sports.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Sporting  Pilgrimage;  On  Snow 
Shoes  to  the  Barren  Grounds;  Hawaiian 
America;  and  Jungle  Trails  and  Jungle 
People. 

Whitney,  Charles,  lawj^er.  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  6,  1849,  at  Warren,  Lake  county, 
111.  In  1876-87  he  was  state's  attorney 
for  Lake  county,  111.;  and  in  1887-94  was 
master  in  chancery  in  the  circuit  court  of 
Lake  county.  He  is  now  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  for  the  seventeenth  judicial  cir- 
cuit of  Illinois  and  judge  of  the  appellate 
court   for  the  second   district  of  Illinois. 

Whitney,  Charles  S.,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Feb.  9,  1825,  in  Galli])olis.  Ohio. 
He  Mas  president  of  the  Bradford  and 
Westei'ii  Pennsylvania  railroad  at  "Bel- 
mont, N.Y.  He  "died  in  April.  1900.  in  Bel- 
mont, N.Y. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


681 


Whitney,  Eli,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
was  born  Dec.  8,  1765,  in  Westborough, 
Mass.  The  first  of  his  inventions  -was  the 
cotton  gin,  which  he  was  stimulated  to 
devise  by  the  widow  of  Nathaniel  Green. 
He  afterWard  reaped  a  fortune  by  his  vari- 
ous improvements  on  tire-arms,  the  man- 
ufacturing of  which  became  the  origin  of 
the  nourishing  village  of  Whitneyville, 
Conn.  He  died  Jan.  8,  1825,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn. 

Whitney,  Eugene,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  Di'c.  11,  1838,  in  :Mendon,  Mass.  His 
compositions  include  cantatas,  choruses, 
part-songs  and  songs.  He  died  Jan.  27,  1889, 
in   Burlington,  Vt. 

Whitney,  Fred  Brown,  publisher,  lawyer, 
statesman,  was  born  Sept.  18,  1874,  in 
Waukegan,  111.  In  1898-99  he  was  manag- 
ing editor  of  the  Waukegan  Daily  Gazette  j 
and  in  1899-1903  was  president  of  the  Ga- 
zette publishing  company.  In  1901-0-4  he 
was  clerk  to  the  naval  all'airs  committee 
of  the  liouse  of  representatives  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C. ;  and  since  1904  has  been  en- 
ga.yed    as   an    international   lawyer. 

Whitney,  Frederic  Augustus,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1812,  in  Quin- 
cy,  Mass.  After  doing  missionary  work  he 
was  pastor  at  Brighton  in  1843-59;  and 
afterward  lived  in  that  town  without  a 
pastoral  charge.  He  was  the  author  of 
Historical  Sketch  of  the  Old  Church  at 
Quincy;  and  Biography  of  James  Holton, 
founder  of  the  Holton  library,  Brighton, 
lie    (licl   Oct.   21.    1880,   in   Brigliton,   :Mass. 

Whitney,  George,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  2.  1SU4,  in  Quincy,  Mass.  In 
1831-42  he  was  pastor  of  churches  in  Rox- 
bury.  ]\lass.  He  was  the  author  of  Some 
Account  of  the  Early  History  and  Present 
State  of  the  Town  of  Quincy,  Mass.,  of 
which  he  was  preparing  an  enlarged  edi- 
tion at  the  time  of  his  death.  He  died 
.Apiil   2.   1842,  in  Jamaica   Plain,  Mass. 

Whitney,  Mrs.  Helen  Hay,  author,  poet. 
Ill  l!l()2  she  nianied  Paine  Whitney  of  New 
York  Citv.  She  is  the  author  of  Beasts  and 
I'.inls:  The  Little  Boy  Boek;  The  Rose 
ol  Dawn,  a  poem;  N'erses  of  Jack  and  Joan; 
iiie  Punch  and  Judy  Book;  Gypsy  Verses; 
ami   Beil-time  Bocik. 

Whitney,  Henry  Clay,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, author,  was  horn  Feb.  23,  1831,  in 
Dttroit.  .Maine.  He  was  an  intimate  friend 
of  Lincoln  from  1854  until  his  death;  and 
ill  18tn-r>5  was  |>ayniaHt<'r  in  the  United 
States  army.  In  1871-72  he  was  state  sen- 
ator of  Kansas.  He  is  the  author  of  Life 
on  the  Circuit  with  Lincoln;  Marriage  and 
Divorce;   and  also  nianv  essays  on   Lincoln. 


\\< 


■I.. 


l!l(l.'..    ill    S;ilem,   Alass. 


Whitney,  Henry  Mitchell,  soMier,  educa- 
tor, librarian,  author,  was  born  Jan.  10, 
1843.  in  Northampton.  Mass.  In  18.")9  he 
graduated  from  Williston  seminary ;  in 
iSii4  he  graduated  from  ^:^le  niiiversity 
with  the  degree  of  A.M.;  anil  in  18().')-(i8 
he   attended   Princeton   college   and   Andov- 


er  theological  seminary.  During  the  civil 
war  he  was  sergeant-major  in  the  fifty- 
second  regiment  Massachusetts  volunteers. 
In  1868-71  he  filled  a  pastorate  in  Geneva, 
III.  In  1871-99  he  was  professor  of  Eng- 
lisli  at  the  Beloit  college,  Wis.;  and  in 
1876-83  was  an  alderman  of  that  city.  In 
1901-03  he  was  president  of  the  Connecti- 
cut library  association;  and  was  librarian 
of  the  James  Blackstone  memorial  library 
of  Bradford.  He  was  president  of  the  fifty- 
second  ^Massachusetts  regimental  associa- 
tion: an  honorary  member  of  the  British 
association  of  advanced  science;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  various  scientific  bodies.  He  was  an 
editorial  contributor  to  the  Century  dic- 
tionary; and  joint  author  of  the  Columbian 
Histor,v  of  Edcuation  in  Wisconsin.  He 
died  March  26,   1911,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Whitney,  James  Abaziah,  chemist,  law- 
yer, antlior,  was  born  June  30,  1830.  in  Ro- 
chester, N.Y.  In  1869-72  he  Avas  professor 
of  agricultural  chemistry  in  the  American 
institute;  and  in  the  latter  year  he  estab- 
lished himself  as  a  solicitor  of  patents  in 
New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  Relation 
of  the  Patent  Laws  to  Development  of  ag- 
riculture; The  Chinese  and  the  Chinese 
Question ;  Shobab,  a  Tale  of  Bethesda  in 
verse;  Sonnets  and  Lyrics;  and  The  Chil- 
dren of  Lamech.   He  died  in  Maryland,  N.Y. 

Whitney,  Joseph  Ernest,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  ]H>vn  in  1858  in  Connecticut.  He 
was  an  instructor  in  English  for  some  years 
at  Yale  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
Poems  of  the  Pike's  Peak  Region. 

Whitney,  Josiah  Dwight,  educator,  geol- 
ogist, autlior,  was  born  Nov.  23.  1819,  in 
Northampton,  Mass.  He  was  a  professor 
of  geology  at  Harvard  university  from 
1865;  and  state  geologist  of  California  in 
1860-74.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Unit- 
ed States;  The  IMetallic  Wealtli  of  the 
ITnited  States;  Barometric  Hypsometry; 
Polypetahr:  and  Gamopctalae;  Contribu- 
tions to  American  Geology;  Names  and 
Places,  Studies  in  Geography  and  Topo- 
graphical Nomenclature;  Geological  Sur- 
vey of  California;  Yosemite  Guide  Book; 
and  (Geological  Survey  of  Iowa.  He  died 
Aug.    IS.   ISnO.   ill    Lake  Sunapee,  N.H. 

Whitney,  Loren  Harper,  soldier.  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  12.  1839.  in  Ber- 
lin, Ohio.  He  served  tlirough  the  civil  war 
and  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  one 
liundred  and  fortieth  ri'gimeiit  Illinois  vol- 
unteer infantry,  which  he  had  organized. 
He  served  in  twelve  battles  and  forty 
skirmishes;  and  was  twice  wounded.  Since 
then  he  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  ill  Chicago.  111.  lie  is  the  autlior  of 
Parallels  in  the  Lives  of  HinMlia   and  Jesus. 

Whitney,  Mrs.  Louisa  Goddard,  author, 
w:is  born  Dec.  17,  1819.  in  Knglaml.  Sin- 
was  the  author  of  The  Burning  of  the  Con- 
vent; and  Peasy's  Childhood,  an  Autobi- 
ography. She  died  May  13,  1882,  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 


6S2 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Whitney,  Mary  "Watson,  astronomer,  was 
born  Sept.  11,  1847,  in  Waltliam,  JNlass.  In 
1868  she  graduated  from  Vassar  college;  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  A.M.  from  that  insti- 
tution; and  in  1874-76  studied  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Zurich.  In  1881  she  became  as- 
sistant to  Professor  Maria  Mitchell;  and 
since  1889  has  been  professor  of  astronomy 
and  director  oi  the  ooservatory  at  Vassar 
college.  She  is  the  author  of  numerous 
Monographs  and  articles  in  astronomical 
journals   and   other  publications. 

Whitney,  Milton,  chemist,  scientist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  2,  1860,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  ed- 
ucation in  the  public  schools;  and  took  a 
special  three  years'  course  in  chemistry 
at  the  Johns  Hopkins  university  of  Balti- 
more, Md.  In  1883  he  became  assistant 
chemist  to  the  Connecticut  agricultural  ex- 
periment station;  in  1886-88  was  superin- 
tendent of  tlie  experiment  farm  at  the 
North  Carolina  experiment  station;  in  1888- 
91  Avas  professor  of  agriculture  at  the  uni- 
versity of  South  Carolina;  and  vice-direc- 
tor of  the  South  Carolina  experiment  sta- 
tion. In  1891-94  he  was  soil  physicist  at 
the  Maryland  experiment  station;  and 
since  1894  has  been  chief  bureau  of  soils 
in  the  United  States  department  of  agri- 
culture. He  is  the  author  of  numerous  Re- 
ports on  Soil  Physics. 

Whitney,  Milton  Burrall,  lawyer,  legis- 
lator, was  born  Oct.  6,  1825.  in  Granville, 
Mass.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  ed- 
ucation in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native 
town;  was  fitted  for 
college,  with  Rever- 
end Dr.  Timothy  ]\I. 
C  o  o  1  ey ;  graduated 
from  Williams  college 
in  1849;  and  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  at 
Springfield.  Mass..  in 
1853.  In  1862-63  he 
served  as  Massachu- 
setts state  senator 
from  western  Hamp- 
on  several  important 
he  was  a  presidential 
a  delegate  to  the  re- 
publican national  convention:  and  during 
1881-97  was  a  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts state  board  of  education.  Since  1866 
he  has  been  a  director  and  in  1880-97  was 
jHfsident  of  tlie  First  national  bank;  since 
1879  has  been  director  and  president  of 
the  Westfield  power  company;  since  1857 
has  been  a  trustee  of  the  Winfield  savings 
bank;  and  for  many  years  has  been  a  di- 
rector of  the  Westfield  bank.  Since  1853 
he  has  resided  and  practiced  law  in  West- 
field,  Mass.  Since  1893  he  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Westfield  athencum ;  and  is 
])r('sident  of  the  Western  Hampden  histori- 
cal  society. 

Whitney,   Myron   W.,   vocalist,   was   born 
Se])t.  5,   1835,   in   Asliby,  Mass.    In   1876  he 


was  the  only  solo  singer  at  the  opening 
exercises  of  the  Centennial  exhibition  in 
Since  that  year  he  has  sung 
and  has  appeared  in  nearly 
festivals  held  in  different  cit- 


den  district,  serving 
committees.  In  1868 
elector;    in   1880  was 


Philadelphia, 
in  America ; 
all  the  May 
ies   of   the   union. 

Whitney,  Orson  F., 
poet,  was  born  July  1 
City,  Utah.  For  many 
of  The  Deseret  News 
treasurer  of  Salt  Lake 
op  of  the  ]\lormon  church.  He 
thor  of  Utah,  in  three  volumes; 


clergyman,    author, 

1855,  in  Salt  Lake 

years  he  was  editor 

of   Utah;    and   was 

City.    He  is  a  bish- 

is   the   au- 

and  a  vol- 


ume of  Poetical  Writings. 

Whitney,  Peter,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  6,  1744,  in  Northborough,  Mass. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman;  and 
in  1767-1815  pastor  at  Northborough,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  Worcester 
County.  He  died  Feb.  29,  1816,  in  North- 
borough,  ^lass. 

Whitney,  R.,  governor.  He  was  governor 
of  California.    He  died  April  3,  1891. 

Whitney,   Samuel   Brenton,   musician,   or- 
ganist,   composer,   was   born   June   4,    1842, 
at    Woodstock,    Vt.     He    was    a    pupil    of 
^  Charles  Wels  in  New 

York  City;  and  was 
pupil  of  J.  K.  Paine 
at  Cambridge,  Mass., 
where  he  was  organ- 
ist at  the  Appleton 
chapel.  Since  1871  he 
has  been  organist 
and  choir  director  of 
the  church  of  the  ad- 
vent of  Boston,  Mass. 
He  organized  and 
con  ducted  many 
church  choir  festivals; 
is  professor  of  organ  playing;  and  was  a 
lecturer  at  the  Boston  university  and  the 
New  England  conservatory.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  anthems  and  songs  ;  Wliitney's 
Organ   Album;    and  Communion   Services. 

Whitney,  Thomas  Richard,  journalist, 
congressman,  author,  was  born  in  1804  in 
New  York  City.  He  served  two  years  in 
the  assembly  of  New  York;  and  was  at 
one  time  editor  of  the  New  York  Sunday 
News.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  thirty-fourth  con- 
gress. He  was  the  author  of  a  poem  callea 
the  Ambuscade:  and  a  political  work  en- 
titled The  American  Policy  Vindicated.  He 
died   April   12.   1858.   in  New  York   City. 

Whitney,  William  Collins,  lawyer,  cab- 
inet officer,  was  born  July  15,  1841.  in  Con- 
way, Mass.  In  1872  he  was  appointed  in 
spector  of  schools  in  the  city  of  New  York. 
In  1875-84  Avas  corporation  counsel  of  the 
city  of  New  York.  In  1885-89  he  was  sec- 
retary of  the  navy.  He  died  Feb.  2,  1904, 
in  New  York  City. 

Whitney,  William  Dwight,  educator, 
philologist,  author,  was  born  Feb.  9,  1827, 
in  North  Hampton,  Mass.  He  was  a  philol- 
ogist of  eminence;  professor  of  Sanskrit 
at  Yale  university  from   1854,  and  of  com- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


683 


l)aiativc  pliilology,  also,  from  1870.  He 
edited  Tlie  Century  Dictionary;  Language 
and  tiie  Study  of  Language;  Compendious 
(ierman  (Jrammar;  Oriental  and  Linguis- 
tic Studies;  Life  and  Crowth  of  Language; 
Kssential.s  of  Lnglisli  Crammar;  Sanskrit 
Grammar;  Practical  French  Grammar; 
Roots,  Verb  Forms,  and  Primary  Deriva- 
tives of  the  Sanskrit  Language;  and  Max 
Muller's  Science  of  Language.  He  died 
June  7.   IS'.U,  in  Xew  Haven.  Conn. 

Wlitney,  Willis  Rodney,  chemist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  11.  ISOS.  in  Jamestown,  N. 
Y.  He  is  director  of  tiie  research  labora- 
tory of  the  General  electric  company  of 
Schenectady,  X.Y.  He  is  the  author  of 
Translations  of  M.  Le  Blanc's  Electro- 
Clieniistry. 

Whiton,  Edward  V.,  lawyer,  jiuist.  In 
1848-51  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Wisconsin  for  the  first 
circuit:  and  in  1853-59  he  was  chief  jus- 
tice. 

Wtiton,  James  Morris,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  11,  1833,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  a  congregational  clergyman 
of  Xew  York  City  and  an  editor  of  Tlie 
Outlook.  He  is  the  author  of  Xew  Points 
to  Old  Texts;  Is  Eternal  Punishment  End- 
less; Beyond  the  Shadow;  The  Divine  Sat- 
isfaction"; Pearly  Pupils  of  the  Spirit;  The 
Evolution  of  Kevelation;  The  Law  of  Lib- 
erty: Turning  Points  of  Thought  and  Con- 
duct; Gloria  Patri;  also  text-books  on 
Latin   and   Greek. 

WHton,  John  Milton,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  1,  1785,  in  Winchendon, 
Mass.  He  was  pastor  of  the  presbyterian 
church  at  Antrim  in  1831-56.  He  was  the 
author  of  Sketches  of  the  Early  History 
of  Xew  Hampshire,  1(J2.'M833.  He  died  Sept. 
28.   185f).   in   Antrim   X.H. 

Whiton,  Mary  Bartlett,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  17.  1857,  in  Xew  Haven, 
Conn.  She  was  the  author,  with  her  fath- 
er, of  Three  Months'  Preparation  for  Read- 
ing  Xonophon. 

Whitridge,  Frederick  Wallingford,  law- 
ver.  railroad  president,  was  born  x\ug.  8, 
1852,  in  Xew  Bedford.  Mass.  Since  1879 
he  has  practiced  law  in  N^ew  York  City, 
lie  is  president  of  the  Washington  county 
railroad:  and  president  of  the  Lake  Erie 
ami    western    railioad. 

Whitritt,  William  Heth,  clergyman,  col- 
lege presiilent,  author,  was  born  Xov.  25, 
1841.  in  Xashville,  Tenn.  In  1872-95  he 
was  |)rofessor  in  tlie  Southern  baptist  the- 
ological seminary  of  Louisville,  Ky.;  and 
in  1895-99  was  president  of  that  institu- 
.  in.  He  is  the  author  of  History  of  Origin 
of  Infant  Baptism;  History  of  Communion 
Among  Baptists;  and  Origin  of  the  Diseijiles 
of   Christ. 

Whitside,  Samuel  Marmaduke,  farmer, 
soldier,  was  born  Jan.  9.  1839.  in  Canada. 
In  1858  he  entered  the  I'nited  States  army; 
and  during  the  civil  war  .served  with  the 
sixth    I'nited    States    cavalry.     For    over    a 


1886.    In    1888   he 


(juarter  of  a  century  he  served  in  the  In- 
dian wars  on  the  the  western  frontier.  He 
captured  Big  Foot  and  his  four  hundred 
Sioux  warriors  in  1890.  During  the  Span- 
ish-American war  he  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general.    He   died   in    1904. 

Whitsett,  Ph.D.,  William  Thornton,  edu- 
cator, poet,  was  born  Aug.  5.  1866,  in  (iuil- 
ford  county,  X.C.  His  preparatory  educa- 
tion was  received  in 
public  schools  and  un- 
der private  tutors. 
Began  teaching  at 
the  age  of  seventeen, 
and  taught  for  two 
years  in  the  public 
schools  of  Guilford 
and  Alamance.  I  n 
1885  was  assistant  in 
Oakdale  academy, 
Alamance  county.  He 
entered  the  universi- 
ty of  Xorth  Carolina 
in  isso.  in  is»«  lie  was  elected  president 
of  Whitsett  institute,  which  position  he 
still  holds.  He  is  a  irequent  contributor  to 
jieriodicals  of  prose  and  verse,  and  a  dili- 
gent   student    of   educational    problems. 

Whitsitt,  William  Heth,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  Avas  born  Xov.  25,  1841, 
in  X'asliville,  Tenn.  He  is  a  baptist  cler- 
gyman of  Louisville;  professor  of  ecclesi- 
astical history  at  the  Southern  baptist  the- 
ological seminary;  and  later  was  president. 
In  1891  he  became  a  professor  of  the  Rich- 
iiKiiid  college  of  ^'irginia.  He  is  the  author 
of  History  of  the  Rise  of  Infant  Baptism; 
History  of  Communion  Among  Baptists; 
Life  and  Times  of  Judge  Caleb  Wallace; 
A  Question  in  Baptist  History;  and  Origin 
of  the   Disci])les  of  Clirist. 

Whitson,  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Oct.  6,  1852.  in  Linn  countj\  Ore. 
In  1877-78  he  was  a  member  of  tlie  Wash- 
ington territorial  legislature;  and  in  1886- 
88  was  mayor  of  Xorth  Yakima,  Wash. 
Since  1905  he  has  been  judge  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  district  court  for  the  eastern 
district    of   Washington. 

Wlitson,  John  Harvey,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Dec.  28.  1854,  near 
Seymour.  Ind.  He  has  practiced  law  in 
Seymour.  Ind.;  and  then  entered  journal- 
ism as  editor  and  traveling  correspondent. 
He  lived  for  several  years  on  the  western 
plains;  and  is  now  a  resident  of  Massachu- 
setts engaged  in  literary  work.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Young  Ditch  Rider;  Bar- 
bara A  Woman  of  the  West;  With  Fr<>- 
mont,  the  Pathfinder;  A  Courier  of  Em- 
pire; Campaigning  with  Tippecanoe;  The 
Rainbow  Chasers:  .Tnstiee  AX'ingate;  Ranch- 
man:   and   The  Castle  of  Doubt. 

Whitson,  W.  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  Indiana,  lie  moved  to  Lewiston.  Idaho; 
and  in  1874  was  appointed  an  associate 
justice  of  the  I'nited 'States  supreme  court 
tor  the  territory  of  l<laho.  He  died  Dec. 
25,  1875,  in  Omaha,  Neb. 


684 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Whittaker,  Frederick,  soldier,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  12,  1838,  in  England. 
He  was  a  federal  cavalry  officer  during  the 
civil  war;  and  subsequently  a  journalist 
of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
A  Defence  of  Dime  Novels  by  a  Writer 
of  Tliem;  Life  of  General  Custer;  Cadet 
Button,  a  Tale  of  American  Army  Life; 
and   Bel  Rubio,  a  novel. 

Whittaker,  Henry,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  15,  1808,  in  Wales.  He  was  a 
law  office  clerk  in  Ncav  York  City.  He  was 
the  author  of  Practice  and  Pleading  Un- 
der the  Codes;  and  Analysis  of  Decisions 
in  Practice  and  Pleading.  He  died  Feb.  9, 
1881,  in  New   York  City. 

Whittaker,  James  Thomas,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  March  3,  1843, 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  He  was  a  prominent 
surgeon  of  Cincinnati.  He  was  professor 
of  physiology  in  1870-80;  and  of  theory 
and  practice  of  medicine  since  1880  in  the 
medical  college  of  Ohio.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Lectures  on  Physiology;  History 
of  Tuberculosis;  Theory  and  Practice  of 
Medicine;  and  Exiled  for  Les  Majeste. 
He  died  in  1900  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Whittaker,  John,  governor.  He  was  the 
first  governor  of  Oregon  in  lSr)9-62.  He 
died   in   Oregon. 

Whittelsey,  Henry  Matyn,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Connecticut.  He  served  tliroughout 
the  civil  war;  and  in  186.)  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
Aug.  8.  1873. 

Whittelsey,  Sarah  Scovill,  educator,  econ- 
omist, author,  was  born  in  1872  in  Paris, 
France.  She  is  a  writer  of  New  Haven, 
Conn.  She  is  the  author  of  Massachusetts 
Labor  Legislation. 

Whittemore,  Amos,  mechanic,  inventor, 
was  born  April  19,  1759,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  He  invented  a  machine  for  pnnetur- 
ing  the  leather  and  setting  the  wires  6f 
cotton  and  wool  cards;  which  patent  he 
sold  for  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
dollars.  The  leading  features  of  the  in- 
vention were  suggested  by  a  dream.  He 
died  March  27,  1828.  in  West  Cambridge, 
Mass. 

Whittemore,  Benjamin  Frank,  clergyman, 
join-nalist,  state  senator,  congressman,  was 
isorn  in  1824  in  Maiden,  -Mass.  After  the 
war  he  settled  himself  in  South  Carolina; 
and  identified  himself  with  the  educational 
interests  of  the  state.  He  was  the  found- 
er and  editor  of  the  New  Era,  published 
at  Darlington,  S.C.  He  was  also  a  member 
of  tlie  state  senate.  In  1867-70  he  Avas  a 
representative  fiom  South  Carolina  to  the 
fortieth  and  fortv-first  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He  died  Jan.  26.  1894,  in  Wo- 
burn.  Mass. 

Whittemore,  Don  Juan,  manufacturer,  civ- 
il (Migineer.  was  born  Dec.  6,  1830,  in  Mil- 
ton, Vt.  He  has  beep  chief  engineer  of  the 
Southern  TMinnesota  railroad;  and  since 
1806  has  been  chief  engineer  on  the  Chi- 
cago, Milwaukee  and  St.  Paul  railroad.    He 


is    the    owner    of    large    hydraulic    cement 

works  near  ^lilwaukee,  Wis. 

Whittemore,    Mrs.   E.    M.,   philanthropist, 

author,    Avas    born    Dec.    19,    1850,    in    New 

York  City.  Slie  received  a  thorough  edu- 
cation under  private 
teachers  and  in  pri- 
vate and  classical 
schools  in  the  city  of 
her  nativity.  She  is 
the  founder  of  the 
Door  of  Hope  mis- 
sion 
City, 
ident 

ripff'  ^^■fV.'f     witli 
:•    ^^F''-\     charitable 
_^^^^^BSilm     has    taken 
part,    and 


of     New     York 

and  is  its  pres- 

In    connection 

and    other 

causes    she 

an    active 

her    works 


this 


of  philanthropy  are  well  known.  She  is 
the  author  of  Delia,  Formerly  The  Blue  Bird 
of  Mulberry  Bend,  which  is  now  in  its  sixth 
edition;  and  other  works. 

Whittemore,  Elias,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Rockingham  county,  N.H.  In  1825- 
27  lie  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  nineteenth  congress.  He  died  in 
New    York. 

Whittemore,  James  Madison,  soldier,  was 
born  :\larch  5,  1836.  in  Brighton,  Mass.  He 
served  through  the  civil  war;  in  1863  was 
captain  of  ordnance;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted major.  He*  served  at  various  arsenals 
and  depots  until  retired  in  1900;  and  in 
1904  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  in  the  United  States  army. 

Whittemore,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  1,  1800.  in  Boston,  Mass. 
He  was  a  universalist  clergyman  of  Bos- 
ton; and  for  thirty  years  sole  editor  and 
]uoprietor  of  tlie  Trumpet,  a  universalist 
newspaper.  He  was  the  author  of  History 
of  Modern  Universalism;  Notes  and  Illus- 
trations of  the  Parables;  Commentaries  on 
Daniel  and  Revelations;  Life  of  Hosea 
Ballon:  and  Autobiography.  He  died  March 
21,  1861,  in  Cambridge.  Mass. 

Whittemore,  William  John,  painter,  art- 
ist, was  born  March  26,  1800,  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  an  associate  of  the  National 
academy  of  design;  a  member  of  the  Amer- 
ican water  color  society;  a  member  of  the 
New  York  water  color  club;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Anunican  society  of  miniature 
painters.  He  has  received  medals  from  the 
Paris   and   Atlanta   expositions. 

Whitten,  B.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1870-72 
he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Oregon. 

Whitten,  Mrs.  Martha  Elizabeth,  educa- 
tor, antlior.  poet,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1842, 
near  Austin,  Texas.  She  attained  success 
as  a  teacher  and  a  missionary  worker.  She 
is  the  author  of  Texas  Garlands;  and 
Drunkard's  Wife. 
•  Whitten,  Robert  Harvey, 
an.  author,  was  born  Oct.  9. 
Bend,  Tnd.  Since  1898  he 
ology 


editor,    librari- 
1873,  in  South 
has    been    soci- 
librarian  and  editor  of  the  Yearbook 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


685 


of  Legislation  of  the  Xew  York  state  li- 
brary. He  is  the  author  of  Public  Admin- 
istration in  ^lassaehusetts;  and  Taxation 
in  Corporations  of  Xew  York,  ;Massacliu- 
setts.   Tennsylvania  and  Xew  Jersey. 

Whittet,  Robert,  publisher,  poet,  was 
born  in  1829  in  Scotland.  He  was  a  printer 
and  publisher  in  Richmond,  Va.  He  was 
the  autlior  of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled 
The  Brighter  Side  of  SuUiring.  He  died 
in   Au<rust.    ISOS,  in  Richmond,   Va. 

Whitthorne,  Washington  Curran,  soldier, 
lawyer,  congressman,  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  April  19,  1825,  in  Marshall 
county,  Tenn.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Tennessee  state  senate  for  four  years;  and 
in  18.>9  was  elected  to  the  lower  house  of 
the  legislature  of  Tennessee,  and  made  pre- 
siding odicer.  In  1871-83  and  1887-91  he 
was  a  representative  from  Tennessee  to 
the  forty-second,  forty-third,  forty-fourth, 
forty-fifth,  forty-sixth,  forty-seventh,  fif- 
tieth and  fifty-lirst  congresses.  In  1886-87 
he  was  a  United  States  senator.  He  died 
Sept.  21,   1891.  in  Columbia,  Tenn. 

Whittier,  Charles  Albert,  soldier,  was 
born  ill  .Maine.  He  served  throughout  the 
civil  war;  and  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  In  1899  he  served 
in  the  Spanish- American  war;  and  attained 
tiie  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the  Unit- 
ed States   volunteers.    He  died  in   1908. 

Whittier,  Elizabeth  Hussey,  ])oet,  was 
born  Dec.  7,  181.5,  in  Haverhill,  Mass.  Sev- 
eral of  her  poems  were  included  by  her 
brotlier  in  his  volume  entitled  Ha/el  Blos- 
soms. Slie  died  Sept.  3,  18(54,  in  Ainesbury, 
Mass. 

Whittier,  Francis  Henry,  soldier,  was 
born  ill  .Mas.saciiusotts.  In  1861  he  was 
second  lieutenant  in  the  thirtieth  regiment 
Massachusetts  infantry;  and  in  1865  was 
brevetted    brigadier-general    of    volunteers. 

He    died    Oct.    12.    ISCu. 

Whittier,  John  Greenleaf,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Dec.  17,  1807,  in  Haverhill,  Mass. 
He   was  one  of  the  early  abolitionists,  and 

edited  The  Pennsyl- 
vania Freeman.  1S38- 
39.  After  1840  he 
lived  at  Amesbury, 
Mass.  Among  the 
most  characteristic 
of  his  shorter  poems 
are,  Mv  Soul  and  I; 
The  Eternal  Good- 
ness; I  n  Scliool 
Days;  The  Last  \\:\\k 
in  Autumn ;  T  ii  e 
I'laymates;  and  My 
Psalm.  His  prose 
writiii;.'s  iiicliide,  'I'lie  Stranger  in  Lowell; 
The  Supeniiitiiralism  of  Xew  Kii(r]and: 
Leaves  from  Margaret  Smith's  .lournal; 
Old  Portraits  and  Modern  Sketches;  ami 
Literary  Reereations  and  Miscellanies.  His 
work  in  verse  coin])rises.  Legends  of  Xew 
England;   Moll  Pitcher;   Mogg  Megone;    Po- 


dom;  Songs  of  Labor;  The  Chapel  of  the 
Hermits;  A  Sabbath  Scene;  The  Pano- 
rama ;  Home  Ballads  and  Poems ;  In  War 
Time;  Xational  Lyrics;  Snow-Bound;  The 
Tent  on  the  Beach;  Among  tlie  Hills;  Bal- 
lads of  Xew  England;  ]\Iiriam;  The  Penn- 
sylvania Pilgrim;  Hazel  Blossoms;  Mabel 
Martin;  Centennial  Hymn;  The  Vision  of 
Echard.  and  Other  Poems;  The  King's  Mis- 
sive, and  Other  Poems;  The  Bay  of  Seven 
Islands,  and  Other  Poems;  St.  Gregory's 
Guest,  and  Other  Poems;  and  At  Sundown. 
He  was  also  the  compiler  of  Songs  of 
Three  Centuries;  Child-Life;  and  Child-Life 
in  Prose;  and  the  editor  of  John  Woolman's 
Journal.  He  died  Sept.  7,  1892,  in  Hamp- 
ton  Falls,  X.H. 

Whittier,  Frank  Nathaniel,  educator,  lec- 
turer, was  born  Dec.  12,  1861,  in  Farming- 
ton,  Maine.  He  is  a  noted  lecturer  on  hy- 
giene; and  since  1897  has  been  instructor 
of  bacteriology  in  Bowdoin  college.  He  is 
tlie  author  of  Light  Gymnastics  for  Scliools. 
Whittingham,  William  RoUinson,  bishop, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  2,  1805,  in  Xew  York 
City.  He  was  the  fourth  protestant  epis- 
copal bishop  of  Maryland.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  fifteen  sermons.  He  died  Oct.  17, 
1879,  in  Orange.  X^.J. 

Whittle,  Francis  McNeece,  bishop  of  Vir- 
ginia, was  born  July  7.  1823,  in  Mecklen- 
burg county,  Va.  In  1868  he  was  conse- 
crated protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  Vir- 
ginia. In  1876  he  succeeded  to  the  bishop- 
ric of  Virginia.  In  1877  the  diocese  of  Vir- 
ginia was  divided.  West  Virginia  becoming 
a  separate  diocese,  and  Bishop  Whittle 
chose  the  remaining  portion  of  the  old 
diocese.  He  died  June  18,  1902,  in  Rich- 
mond. Va. 

Whittle,  Stafford  G.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
is  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  appeals  of  Virginia. 

Whittlesey,  Abigail  Goodrich,  ediicator, 
jounuilist,  was  born  Xov.  29,  1788,  in 
Ridgefield,  Conn.  In  1832  she  began  the 
publication  of  the  Mother's  Magazine  in 
Utica.  X.Y. ;  which  she  edited  until  about 
1850;  and  it  was  subse(|uently  revived  un- 
der the  title  of  The  Magazine  for  ]\Iotliers 
and   Daughters.    She   died   in   Utica,  X.Y. 

Whittlesey,  Elisha,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  coii'.ncssinaii,  was  born  Oct.  19, 
1783,    ill    Washington,   Conn.    He    served    in 

the    war    of    1812    as 
aide     to     General     E. 
Wadsworth.     He    was 
for    sixteen     years    a 
prosecuting    attorney. 
He  was  elected  to  the 
legislature      in       1820 
and      1821;      and      in 
lS2.'{-39  he  was  a  rep- 
in      the 
t  o      the 
ccmgress- 
api)()inted 
tile   post- 


re.sentative 
eighteenth 
tweiity-fiftli 
es.    He  was 
auditor    for 


ems;    Lays  of  My   Home;    Voices   of   Free-      office  <l<'partnient;   and  was  the  first  comp- 


686 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


tioUer  of  the  treasury.  He  died  Jan.  7, 
1863,   in   Washington,  D.C. 

Whittlesey,  Charles,  soldier,  lawyer,  ge- 
ologist, author,  was  born  Oct.  4,  1808,  in 
Southington,  Conn.  He  served  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war;  and  attained  the  rank  of  colo- 
nel. He  subsequently  was  a  lawyer  of 
Cleveland,  Ohio;  and  in  1837  was  appoint- 
ed assistant  geologist  of  the  state.  He  was 
the  author  of  Life  of  John  Fitch;  and  Ear- 
ly History  of  Cleveland  Vicinity.  He  died 
Oct.   18,  1886,  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Whittlesey,  Eliphalet,  soldier,  clergyman, 
educator,  was  born  May  14,  1821,  in  New 
Britain,  Conn.  He  served  with  distinction 
during  the  civil  war,  and  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  United  States  volun- 
teers. For  several  years  he  was  pastor  of 
the  Central  church  of  Bath,  Maine;  and 
filled  a  professor's  chair  in  the  Bowdoin 
college.  Since  1874  he  has  been  secretary 
oi  the  board  of  Indian  commissioners  at 
Washington,  D.C. 

Whittlesey,  Frederick,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  12,  1799,  in 
Washington,  Conn.  In  1831-35  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  twenty-second  and 
twenty-third  congresses.  In  1839-48  lie  was 
vice-chancellor  of  the  eighth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  New  York.  He  was  a  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  state;  and  in  1850 
was  elected  professor  of  law  in  Genesee 
college.  He.  died  Sept.  19,  1851,  in  Roches- 
ter, N.Y. 

Whittlesey,  Joseph  H.,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1821  in  New  York  City.  He  served  in 
tlie  military  occupation  of  Texas;  and  in 
the  war  with  Mexico;  and  was  brevetted 
first  lieutenant  tor  gallantry  at  Buena  Vis- 
ta in  1847.  Until  the  opening  of  the  civil 
■war  lie  was  on  duty  in  New  Mexico  and 
Oregon.  After  18G2  lie  was  employed  in  or- 
ganizing volunteer  cavalry.  He  was  profes- 
sor of  military  science  at  Cornell  in  1868- 
70;  and  until  1881  was  treasurer  of  the 
Soldiers'  home  at  Wasliington,  D.C.  He 
died  Aug.  2.  1888,  in  Seattle,  Wash. 

Whittlesey,  Mrs.  Sarah  Johnson,  author 
was  born  about  1825  in  Williamston,  N.C. 
She  was  the  author  of  Heart  Drops  from 
Memory's  Urn;  The  Stranger's  Stratagem, 
and  Other  Stories;  Herbert  Hamilton;  Ber- 
tha tlie  Beauty;  and  Spring  Buds  and 
Summer  Blossoms.    She  died  in  1896. 

Whittlesey,  Thomas  T.,  congressman,  was 
born  ill  Coiiiiecticut.  In  1835-39  he  was  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  to  the 
twenty-fourth  and  twenty-fifth  congresses. 
He  died  in  Connecticut. 

Whittlesey,  William  A.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Connecticut.  He  settled 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Ohio;  and  in  1849- 
51  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the   tliirty-first   congress.    He   died  in  Ohio. 

Whittredge,  Worthington,  artist,  was 
born  May  22,  1820,  in  Sjiriiiglield,  Ohio. 
In  1861  he  became  a  member  of  the  na- 
tional   academy    of    Design.     In    1875-76    he 


was  president  of  the  national  academy  of 
Design  in  New  York  City.  His  works  are 
mostly    pictures    of    American    scenery. 

Whitwan,  Edward  A.,  soldier,  clergyman, 
college  president,  poet,  was  born  July  9, 
1845,   in   Flint,   Mich.    He   served   as   a  pri- 

^____^  ___„,    , - vate   soldier   until  the 

close    of    the    war    in 
/  the     fourth    regiment 

I  1^  Michigan      cava  Iry. 

--  *■  He    subsequently    be- 

came a  n  eminent 
clergyman  of  the 
methodist  episcopal 
church;  and  in  1884 
was  elected  president 
of  the  Western  Re- 
serve seminary  of 
east  Ohio.  In  1886  he 
was  elected  to  the 
chair  of  physics  and  chemistry  in  McKen- 
dree  college  of  Illinois,  and  later  to  the  pres- 
idency. In  1887  he  became  president  of  the 
North  Nebraska  normal  college. 

Whyte,  William  Pinkney,  merchant,  law- 
yer, United  States  senator,  governor,  was 
Lorn  Aug.  9,  1824,  in  Baltimore,  Md.  In 
1847  he  was  elected  to  the  Maryland  house 
of  delegates;  and  in  1853  was  elected  state 
comptroller.  In  1867-69,  1875-81  and  1903- 
08  he  was  United  States  senator.  He  was 
governor  of  Maryland  in  1872-74.  In  1881 
he  was  elected  mayor  of  Baltimore.  In 
1887-91  he  was  attorney  general  of  Mary- 
land. He  died  March  17,  1908,  in  Baltimore, 
Md. 

Wiard,  Norman,  civil  engineer,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  in  1826,  in  Ontario.  He 
was  an  inventor  and  military  engineer  of 
distinction;  and  liis  specialty  was  the  man- 
ufacture of  ordnance.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  Solution  of  the  Ordnance  Proolem. 
He    died    in    18!)6. 

Wiborg,  Frank  Bestow,  business  presi- 
dent, author,  was  born  April  30,  1855,  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  is  vice-president  of  the 
Ault  and  Wiborg  company  of  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  He  is  the  autl^pr  of  Travels  of  An 
Official  Attache;  and  A  Commercial  Trav- 
eler   in    South    America. 

Wick,  William  W.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  23,  1796,  in 
Canonsburg,  Pa.  In  1822  he  was  chosen 
president  judge  of  the  fifth  judicial  circuit 
of  Indiana;  and  in  1825  became  secretary 
of  state.  In  1829-31  he  was  attorney  for 
the  state  in  tlie  fifth  judicial  circuit;  and 
was  presivlent  judge  in  1831-34.  In  1839- 
41  and  1845-49  he  was  a  representative 
from  Indiana  to  the  twenty-sixth,  twenty- 
ninth  and  thirtieth  congresses.  In  1850  he 
was  again  chosen  president  judge.  In  1853- 
57  he  was  postmaster  at  Indianapolis.  He 
served  in  the  militia  of  the  state  as  brig- 
adier-general, quartermaster  and  adjutnnt- 
general.  He  died  May  10,  1S68,  in  Frank- 
lin county.  Ind. 

Wickersham,    James,    jouiii;ilist,    lawyer, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


687 


congrossinan,  jurist,  was  born  Aug.  24, 
185t,  in  Patoka,  111.  He  was  for  four  years 
judge  of  Price  county,  Wash.  He  was  city 
attorney  of  Taconia 'in  18!)4-!»0;  and  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  in  18!>9.  In  1!)U0  he 
was  appointed  district  judge  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  court  for  the  third  district  of 
Alaska.  In  l'JU9-15  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  sixty-hrst,  sixty-second  and  sixty- 
third  congresses.  He  gives  special  atten- 
tion to  ethnology;  is  associate  editor  of 
the  American  Antiquarian;  and  president 
of  tlie  Tacoma  academy   t)f  science. 

Wickersham,  James  Pyle,  educator,  dip- 
lomat, author,  was  born  March  5,  1825,  in 
Chester  county,  Pa.  He  was  an  educator  of 
Lancaster,  Pa.;  state  superintendent  of 
public  instruction  in  1808-81;  and  minister 
to  Denmark  in  1882.  He  was  the  author  of 
School  Economy;  and  :Methods  of  Instruc- 
tion. He  died  March  2.5,  18'.)1,  in  Lancas- 
ter. Pa. 

Wickersham,  Morris  Dickerson,  soldier, 
educator,  lawyer,  was  born  March  14,  1S3!J, 
in  Chester  county.  Pa.  In  1840  lie  taught 
school  in  Columbia,  Pa.;  aiul  subscciuently 
taught  in  the  Washington  academy  of 
Pennsylvania.  In  1859  ho  was  appointed 
instructor  of  the  State  normal  school  of 
Millersburg,  Pa.  In  1860  he  enlisted  in  the 
federal  army  and  served  as  captain  in  sev- 
enty-ninth regiment  Pennsylvania  infantry. 
In  1872  he  began  to  practice  law  at  Mo- 
bile. Ala.;  and  later  practiced  in  the  state 
and   federal   courts. 

Wickers!  am,  William  Howard,  business- 
man, state  representative,  was  born  Nov. 
21.  1872,  in  Media,  Pa.  He  received  a  thor- 
ougli  education  in  tlie  public  scliools  of 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  and  also  studied  under 
private  tutors.  He  is  manager  of  the  Mor- 
gan oyster  company  of  San  Pedro,  Cal.; 
and  prominently  identified  with  the  busi- 
ness and  jniblic  allairs  of  that  city.  He 
has  been  school  trustee  for  the  city  of 
San  Pedro;  and  has  filled  various  other 
positions  of  trust  and  honor.  He  was  a 
representative  in  the  California  state  leg- 
islature. 

Wickes,  Eliphalet,  congressman,  was  born 
in  SuH'olk  coiuity,  X.V.  In  18()r)-()7  he  was 
a  representativt!  from  New  York  to  the 
ninth   congress.    He  died  in  New   York. 

Wickes,  Stephen,  physician,  autlior,  was 
born  March  17,  IHVA,  m  Jamaica.  N.Y.  He 
was  a  physician  of  Orange.  N..I.  He  was 
the  author  of  Living  and  Dying;  their 
Psychics  and  Physics;  History  of  Medicine 
in  Xew  Jersey;  Sepulture:  Its  History, 
Methods  and  Ke(|uisites;  and  History  of 
the  Newark  Mountains.  He  died  July  8, 
1889,  in  Orange,  N.J. 

Wickes,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  .'il,  1814.  in  Jamaica,  N.Y.  In 
1840-09  he  was  pastor  of  the  First  congre- 
gational church  of  Marietta,  Ohio;  and  of 
tlie  presbyterian  church  in  Jamestown  in 
1809-70.    He   was  the   author  of   Exposition 


of  tlie  Apocalypse;  The  Son  of  Man;  The 
Household;  and  Economy  of  the  Ages.  He 
died    Nov.    10.    1870,   in    Orange,  N.J. 

Wickham,  Charles  Preston,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Sept. 
15,   1836,  in  Norwalk,  Ohio.    He  enlisted  as 

a  private  in  company 
D,  fifty-fifth  regiment 
Ohio  V  o  lunteers. 
While  a  major  he  was 
commissioned  lieu- 
t  e  nant-colonel  b  y 
brevet  f  o  r  gallant 
and  meritorious  serv- 
ices in  the  Carolinas. 
He  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Nor- 
walk; and  was  pros- 
ecuting attorney  in 
1866-70.  He  was  elect- 
ed judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of 
the  fourth  judicial  district  in  1880,  and  re- 
elected in  1885  as  a  republican.  In  1887-91 
he  was  a  representative  "to  the  fiftieth  and 
fifty-first   congresses   as   a   republican. 

Wickham,  Henry  Taylor,  lawyer,  s'tate 
senator,  was  born  Dec.  17,  1849,  in  Hick- 
ory Hill,  Va.  Since  1870  he  has  practiced 
law  in  Richmond,  Va.;  and  has  been  attor- 
ney, counselor  and  receiver  for  several  cor- 
porations. In  1888  he  became  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  state  senate;  and  in  1890 
was  a  mover  of  the  state  resolution  under 
which  the  Virginia  state  debt  was  settled 
on  the  present  basis.  He  is  one  of  the  most 
extensive   farmers  in  Virginia. 

Wickham,  John  Jervis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  May  14,  1844,  in  Ireland.  Dur- 
ing the  civil  war  he  served  as  a  military 
telegrapher.  In  1884  he  became  judge  of 
common  pleas;  and  is  now  a  judge  of  the 
su])crioi-    court    of    Pennsj'lvania. 

Wickham,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1761-62  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
su])romc   court   of   Rhode  Island. 

Wickham,  Williams  Carter,  soldier,  law- 
yer, state  fsenator,  was  born  Sept.  21,  1820, 
in  Richmond,  Va.  At  the  beginning  of  the 
civil  war  he  entered  the  confederate  army 
as  captain;  and  became  colonel  of  the 
fourth  \irginia  regiment,  rising  to  the 
lank  of  brigadier-general.  He  was  a  mem-' 
ber  of  the  Virginia  state  senate  in  1882- 
83;  and  in  the  next  election  he  was  re- 
turned without  o])position.  He  died  .Inly 
23,   1888.  in   Hichmond,  Va. 

Wickliffe,  Charles  A.,  soldier,  state  leg- 
islator, diplomat,  cabinet  oflicer,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  June  8,  1788,  in 
Hardstown.  Ky.  In  1812  he  was  a])pointed 
aide  to  (Jeneral  Winlock;  and  during  tin- 
same  year  was  elected  to  the  Kentucky 
state  legislature  and  was  re-elocte<l  in 
1813  lie  was  at  the  battle  of  the  Tlnunes 
as  aide  to  fieneral  Caldwell;  after  which 
he  was  again  electe<l  to  the  legislature.  In 
1823-33  and  1861-(i3  he  was  a  representa- 
tive   from    Kentucky    to    the    eighteenth    to 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the  twenty-second  and  the  thirty-seventh 
congresses.  In  1833  he  was  again  elected 
to  the  legislature  and  was  sjieaker  in  1834. 
In  1839-40  he  was  acting  governor  of  Ken- 
tucky. In  1841-45  he  was  postmaster-gen- 
eral; and  in  1845  was  sent  on  a  secret  mis- 
sion to  Texas,  in  connection  with  its  an- 
nexation to  the  United  States.  He  died 
Oct.   31,   1869,   in   Howard  county,   Md. 

Wickliffe,  Robert  Charles,  state  senator, 
governor,  was  born  Jan.  6,  1820,  in  Bards- 
town,  Ky.  In  18.34  he  was  elected  state  sen- 
ator, receiving  re-election  to  the  two  suc- 
ceeding terms  without  opposition,  and  be- 
came president  of  the  senate.  In  1858-60 
he  was  the  fifteenth  governor  of  Louisiana. 
From  1846  he  practiced  law  in  West  Feli- 
ciana, La.  He  died  April  18,  1895,  in  Shel- 
byville,   Ky. 

Wickliffe,  Robert  C,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  May  1,  1874,  in  Bards- 
town,  Ky.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  St.  Francisville,  La.;  and  in  1895 
graduated  from  Center  college  of  Danville, 
Ky.,  with  the  degree  of  B.S.  In  1897  he 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Tu- 
lane  university  of  New  Orleans,  La.;  and 
began  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  St. 
Francisville,  La.  During  the  Spanish-Amer- 
ican war  he  served  as  a  private  soldier  in 
the  first  regiment  Louisiana  volunteer  in- 
fantry. In  1900  he  was  elected  district  at- 
torney of  the  twenty-fourth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Louisiana.  In  1909-11  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Louisiana  to  the  sixty- 
first  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Wickson,  Edward  James,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Aug.  3,  1848,  in 
Rochester,  N.Y.  Since  1897  he  has  been 
professor  of  agricultural  practice  in  the 
university  of  California.  He  has  been  con- 
nected with  the  university  of  California 
since  1879;  and  since  1905  has  been  dean 
of  the  college  of  agriculture  and  acting 
director  of  the  agricultural  experiment  sta- 
tion. He  organized  the  first  dairy  associa- 
tion in  California  in  1876.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  California  Fruits  and  How  to  Grow 
Them;  and  Tho  California  Vegetables  in 
(Jarden  and  Field. 

Widener,  Howard  H.,  educator,  lawyer, 
|iul)lic  ollicial,  was  burn  May  6,  1860,  in 
Chili,  N.Y.    In   1879  he  graduated  from  the 

Chili  seminary,  and 
for  four  years  was 
engaged  in  education- 
al work.  In  1885  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  has  attained 
prominence  as  an 
able  lawyer  at  Roch- 
ester, N.Y.  For  ten 
years  he  has  been 
first  assistant  district 
attorney  of  Monroe 
county  and  has  rep- 
resented the  people 
in    nuiny    ini])ortant   criminal  cases   on  trial 


and  in  the  higher  courts.  He  practices  gen- 
erally in  all  the  state  courts.  He  has 
always  taken  an  active  interest  in  poli- 
tics, and  is  connected  with  various  asso- 
cu^tions  and  business  enterprises.  In  1907 
he  became  district  attorney  of  Monroe 
county,  N.Y. 

Widener,  Peter  A.  Brown,  railway  pro- 
moter, capitalist,  was  born  Nov.  13,  1834, 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  For  several  years  he 
carried  on  a  butchering  establishment;  and 
in  1873-75  was  city  treasurer  of  Phila- 
delpliia.  Pa.  He  w^as  instrumental  in  the 
formation  of  the  Rapid  transit  company 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  subsequently  be- 
came concerned  in  the  United  States  gas 
improvement  company.  He  presented  his 
palatial  mansio^i  to  the  city  as  a  brancli 
of  the  free  librai  .  of  Philadelphia,  making 
it  a  memorial  of  his  deceased  wife. 

Widgery,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  in  1753 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  lieutenant  of 
a  i)rivateer  in  the  revolutionary  war.  He 
served  in  the  ilassachusetts  legislature  in 
1789-94  and  1797.  He  was  a  state  coun- 
cilor in  1806-07;  and  in  1811-13  he  was  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
twelfth  congress.  He  was  judge  of  tlio 
court  of  common  pleas  in  1813-22.  He  died 
Aug.  7,   1822,- in   Boston,  Mass. 

Widtsoe,  John  Andreas,  physiological 
chemist,  college  president,  was  born  Jan. 
31,  1872,  in  Norway.  In  1895-1905  he  was 
professor  of  chemistry  at  the  Utah  agricul- 
tural college;  in  1900-05  was  a  director  of 
the  Utah  experiment  station;  in  1905-07 
was  principal  of  the  school  of  agriculture 
at  the  Brigham  Young  university;  and 
since  1907  has  been  president  of  the  agri- 
cultural  college   of   Utah. 

Wiechmann,  Ferdinand  Gerhard,  educa- 
tor, chemist,  author,  was  born  Nov.  12, 
1858,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1883-97  he  was 
instructor  in  chemistry  at  Columbia  uni- 
versity; and  since  1883  has  been  a  lecturer 
and  consulting  chemist  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y'^. 
He  is  the  author  of  Sugar  Analysis;  Lec- 
ture Notes  on  Theoretical  Chemistry; 
Chemistry:  Its  Evolution  and  Achieve- 
nu'iits;    and  Notes  on  Electro-chemistry. 

Wiener,  Leo,  educator,  philologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  26,  1862,  in  Russia. 
He  has  been  an  educator  in  the  United 
States  since  1882;  and  since  1901  has  been 
assistant  professor  of  Slavic  languages  and 
literatures  at  Harvard  university.  He  is 
tlie  autlior  of  Yiddish  Literature  in  the 
Nineteenth  Century;  and  Antopology  of 
Russian   Literature,   in   two   volumes. 

Wigfall,  Louis  Trezevant,  soldier.  Unit- 
ed States  senator,  was  born  April  21,  1816, 
in  Edgefield  district,  S.C.  In  1859-61  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Texas.  He 
was  identified  with  the  great  rebellion  as 
a  brigadier-general;  and  was  exjtelled  froni 
tlie  United  States  senate  in  1861.  He  died 
Feb.    18,   1874.   in   Calveston,  Texas. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


689 


Wigger,  Winand  Michael,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, wa^  bniii  Dec.  0,  1841,  in  New  York  City. 
In  1881-11)00  he  was  Roman  catliolic  bish- 
op of  Newark,  N.J.  He  died  -Ian.  C.  11)01, 
in  South  Orange,  N.J. 

Wiggin,  Frederick  Holme,  pliysician,  sur- 
geon, gvnecologist,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1853, 
in  England.  In  1880-90  he  practiced  medi- 
cine in  Litchfield,  Conn.;  and  since  1890  has 
practiced  iiis  profession  in  New  York  City. 
Since  181)2  lie  has  been  visiting  surgeon 
to  the  New  Y'ork  City  hospital. 

Wiggin,  James  Bartlett,  merchant,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  July  19,  1832,  in  Wad- 
lev's  Falls,  N.H.  "He  is  the  author  of  a 
wlu-k  entitled  The  \Vild  Artist  in  Boston, 
wiiicli  lias  run  through  several  editions. 

Wiggin,  Mrs.  Kate  Douglas,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  28.  1857,  in  Philadelpiiia.  Pa. 
Slie  is  the  author  of  A  Summer  in  a  Canon; 
Timothy's  Quest;  A  Cathedral  Courtship; 
I'atsv.  *Tlie  Birds'  Christmas  Carol;  Marm 
Lisa;  Tlie  \  iilage  Watcli-Tower ;  Tlie  Story 
of  Patsy;  Polly  Oliver's  Problem;  Pene- 
lope's Progress:  Nine  Love  Songs  and  a 
Carol:  Finding  a  Home;  and  The  Flag 
liaising. 

Wiggin,  Thomas,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  in  Kngland.  He  came  from  England 
abcnit  1(130;  and  was  for  some  years  govern- 
or of  New  Hampshire,  then  called  Dover 
l)laiitations.  He  died  about  1667,  in  Strat- 
1  am.   N.H. 

Wiggin,  Twing  Brooks,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  8.  1865,  in  Allegheny  City, 
Pa.  Since  1901  he  has  been  adjunct  pro- 
fessor of  the  practice  of  medicine  and  clin- 
ical medicine  at  the  college  of  physicians 
and  surgeons.  He  is  the  author  of  Outlines 
of    i'hysidlogy. 

Wiggins,  Benjamin  Lawton,  educator,  his- 
torian, was  born  Sept.  11,  1861,  in  Sand 
Ridge,  S.  C.  In  1882-1908  he  was  professor 
of  (Jn'ek  in  the  university  of  the  South; 
and  vice-chancellor  of  that  institution.  He 
died    Jiin.    14.    1909.    in    Sewanee,   Tenn. 

Wiggins,  Carleton,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  .Marcii  4,  1S4S.  in  Turners.  N.Y.  He 
has  received  many  j)rizes.  His  works  in- 
clude tlie  paintings  A  Morning  on  th(>  Hills; 
Plougliing  in  France;  anil  Plougli  Horse. 
He    is   a   national   academician. 

Wiggins,  Thomas,  nuisician.  was  born  in 
ls."iii  ill  (Borgia.  He  was  a  negro  musical 
prodigy  known  as  Blind  Tom.  He  traveled 
in  the  I'nited  States  and  played  composi- 
tions of  some  of  the  greatest  composers 
witiinut  anv  notes.  Hr-  was  almost  totallv 
blind.  He  died  June  1.1.  1907.  in  llnboken. 
N.J. 

Wigginton,  Peter  Dinwiddle,  lawyer,  con- 
gressiiiMii,  was  boiM  Sept.  6,  IS39,  in  Spring- 
field. 111.  In  1864  he  was  elected  district 
attorney  for  Merced  county.  Cal.  In  1875- 
79  lie  was  a  representative  from  California 
to  the  forty-fourth  and  forty-fifth  congress- 
es as  a  democrat.  He  was  American  party 
candidate  for  the  presidency  of  the  United 


States    in    1888.    He   died   July   7,   1890,   in 
Oakland,  Cal. 

Wigglesworth,  Edward,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  in  1693  in  Maiden, 
^lass.  He  was  a  congregational  clergyman; 
and  Hollis  professor  of  theology  at  Har- 
vard university  in  1722-65.  He  was  the 
author  of  An  Answer  to  Mr.  Whiteficld's 
Reply  to  the  College  Testimony;  and  Doc- 
trine of  Reprobation  Briefly  Considered. 
He  died  Jan.  10,  1765,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Wigglesworth,  Edward,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  7,  1732,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  He  was  a  congregational  clergyman, 
and  succeeded  his  father  in  the  Hollis  pro- 
fessorship at  Harvard  university  in  1765. 
He  was  the  author  of  Calculations  on 
American  Population;  and  Authority  of 
Tradition  Considered.  He  died  June  17, 
1794.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Wigglesworth,  Edward,  soldier,  was  born 
.Jan.  3,  1742,  in  Ipswich,  Mass.  He  took 
part  in  tlic  operations  of  the  American 
fleet  on  Lake  Champlain  under  General 
Benedict  Arnold  and  General  Horatio 
Gates,  being  third  in  command.  He  subse- 
quently took  part  in  the  battle  of  Mon- 
mouth and  other  engagements;  and  in  1778 
was  made  president  of  a  court  of  inquiry 
that  convened  to  investigate  the  surrender 
of  Fort  Montgomery  and  Fort  Clinton  on 
the  Hudson  by  Governor  George  Clinton. 
In  1818  he  was  granted  an  annual  pension 
by  congress.  He  died  Dec.  8,  1826,  in  New 
buryport.  Mass. 

Wigglesworth,  Edward,  lawyer,  merchant, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  14,  1804,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  Reflections, 
a  collection  of  apothegms.  He  died  Oct. 
15,  1876.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Wigglesworth,  Michael,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1631,  in  Eng- 
land. He  was  a  congregational  clergyman; 
and  in  1656-1705  was  pastor  at  Maiden, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Day  of 
Doom;  Meat  Out  of  tlie  Eater;  God's  Con- 
troversy with  xsew  England;  and  A  Short 
Discourse  on  Eternity.  He  died  June  10, 
1705,  in  M;'.lden,  Mass. 

Wigglesworth,  Samuel,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  leb.  15,  1689,  in  Maiden, 
^lass.  In  1714-68  he  was  pastor  at  Ipswich 
Hamlet.  He  was  the  author  of  A  Short 
.\ccount  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hale  of  Newbury; 
and  a  Dudleian  Lecture.  He  died  Sept.  3, 
1708.    in    Hamilton,  Mass. 

Wight,  Miss  Emma  Howard,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.  She 
is  the  author  of  Passion  Flowers  and  the 
Cross;  and  has  written  numerous  theolog- 
ical  articles. 

Wight,  Henry,  clergyman,  genealogist, 
was  born  May  26,  1752.  For  fifty-two  years 
he  was  a  clergyman  of  Bristol,  Conn.  He 
kept  a  daily  record  for  seventy  years;  and 
left  in  manuscript  a  volume  entitled  the 
(ienealogy  of  Henry  Wight.  He  died  Aug. 
12,  1837,  in  Bristol,'  Conn. 


690 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wight,  John  Green,  naval  officer,  educa- 
tor, was  born  in  1842.  He  served  in  the 
United  States  navy  during  the  civil  war. 
He  taught  in  the  New  England  states.  For 
twenty  years  he  was  principal  of  the  high 
school  at  Cooperstown,  N.Y.;  in  1890-94 
was  principal  of  tlie  high  school  at  Wor- 
cester, Mass.  He  was  principal  of  schools 
in  Philadelphia  and  New  York  City.  He 
was  president  of  the  Schoolmaster's  asso- 
ciation of  New  York.  He  has  published 
Bible  Readings. 

Wight,  Moses,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
April  2,  1827,  in  Boston,  Mass.  His  por- 
traits include  those  of  Alexander  von  Hum- 
boldt, Louis  Agassiz,  Charles  Sumner,  Ed- 
ward Everett,  and  Josiah  Quincy.  Among 
his  ideal  works  are  Sleeping  Beauty;  Eve 
at  the  Fountain;  Lisette;  Confidants;  John 
Alden  and  Priscella;  and  Pet's  First  Cake. 
He  died  June  8,  1895,  in  Paris,  France. 

Wight,  Orlando  Williams,  clergyman, 
physician,  author,  was  born  Feb.  19,  1824, 
in  Centreville,  N.Y.  He  was  a  universalist 
clergyman  and  physician;  and  Avas  appoint- 
ed state  geologist  of  Wisconsin  in  1874. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Philosophy  of 
Sir  William  Hamilton;  Lives  and  Letters 
of  Abelard  and  Heloise;  Lectures  on  the 
True,  tlie  Beautiful,  and  the  Good;  Max- 
ims of  Public  Health;  and  People  and 
Countries  Visited  in  a  Winding  Journev 
Round  tlie  World.  He  died  Oct.  19,  1888, 
in    Detroit,   Mich. 

Wight,  Peter  Bonnett,  architect,  was 
born  Aug.  1,  1838,  in  New  York  City.  Since 
1871  he  has  practiced  architecture  in  Clii- 
cago,  111.  Since  1866  he  has  been  a  fellow 
of  the  American  institute  of  architects.  He 
is  the  author  of  One  Phase  in  the  Revival 
of  Fine  Arts  in  America. 

Wight,  William  Ward,  lawyer,  educator, 
genealogist,  librarian,  author,  was  born  Jan. 
14,  1849,  in  Troy,  N.Y.  He  is  a  successful 
lawyer  of  Milwaukee,  Wis;  was  the  orig- 
inator and  promoter  of  the  plan  for  a  pub- 
lic library  in  Milwaukee;  and  is  now  li- 
brarian of  Milwaukee  law  library.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Wights,  a  genealogy, 
The  Courtship  of  IVIiles  Standish ;  Wiscon- 
sin Form  Book;   and  other  works. 

Wightman,  Valentine,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1681  in  North  Kingston,  R.I. 
He  was  the  first  baptist  minister  in  Con- 
necticut; planted  in  Groton  the  first  cluirch 
of  that  denomination;  and  was  active  in 
establishing  other  clmrches  throughout  the 
state  and  in  the  city  and  state  of  New 
York.  He  was  the  author  of  a  Letter  on 
Singing  Psalms.  He  died  June  9,  1747.  in 
(iroton.    Conn. 

Wightman,  William  May,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Jan.  29,  1808,  in  Cliarles- 
ton,  S.C.  In  1839-40  he  was  presiding  elder 
of  the  Cokesbury  district.  He  w'as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  general  conference  of  the  metho- 
dist   episcopal   church   in    1840;    and   subse- 


quently   became    a    bishop.     He    died    Feb. 
15,    1882.   in   Charleston,   S.   C. 


Wigman,  John  H. 
Aug.     15,     1835,    in 
He   was   admitted  to 


M.,  lawyer,  was  born 
Amsterdam,  Holland, 
the  bar  in  1864,  and 
for  t  w  e  nty-seven 
years  was  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  Hudd 
and  Wigman;  but  in 
1885  Mr.  Hudd  was 
elected  to  congress, 
and  since  that  time 
Mr.  Wigman  has  car- 
ried on  the  law  busi- 
ness alone  until  1889, 
when  lie  took  in  his 
son-in-law,  Mr.  P. 
H.  Martin.  He  has 
been  the  attorney  in 
many  of  the  leading  cases  in  the  courts  of 
Wisconsin;  was  district  attorney  of  Outa- 
gamie county,  during  1864-70;  mayor  of 
Green  Bay  in  1882-83;  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Wisconsin    during    1893-97. 

Wigmore,  John  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  4,  1863,  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.  In  1883  he  graduated  from  Har- 
vard university;  and  in  1887-89  practiced 
law  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1889-93  he  was 
professor  of  Anglo-American  law  at  Tokyo. 
In  1893-1901  he  was  professor  of  law  at 
tlie  Northwestern  universitj'^  law  school; 
and  since  1901  lias  been  dean  of  the  faculty 
of  law  at  the  Northwestern  university.  He 
is  the  autlior  of  Digest  of  the  Decisions 
of  the  Massachusetts  Railroad  Commission; 
The  Australian  Ballot  Sj'^stem;  Notes  on 
Land  Tenure  and  Local  Institutions  in  Old 
Japan;  and  Materials  for  the  Study  of  Pri- 
vate Law  in  Old  Japan. 

Wike,  Scott,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  April  6,  1834,  in 
Meadville,  Pa.  In  1859  he  commenced  the 
]iractice  of  law  in  Pittsfield,  111.  He  was-  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  Illinois  in 
1863-67.  He  was  comptroller  of  the  cur- 
leiu-y  during  Cleveland's  second  adminis- 
tration. In  1876-77  and  1887-93  he  was  a 
representative  from  Illinois  to  the  forty- 
fourth,  fifty-first  and  fifty-second  congress- 
es as  a  democrat.  He  died  Jan.  15,  1901,  in 
Quincy,  111. 

Wikoff,  Charles  Augustus,  soldier,  was 
born  March  8.  1837,  in  Pennsylvania.  He 
served  throughout  tlie  civil  war;  in  1864 
was  promoted  captain.  In  1897  he  was  colo- 
nel of  the  twenty-second  regiment.  While 
leading  his  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Santi- 
ago in  tlie  Spanisli-American  war  he  was 
mortally  wounded.  He  died  July  1,  1898, 
ill   Cuba. 

Wikoff,  Henry,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  in  1813  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  His  life 
sifter  1834  was  passed  mainly  in  Europe. 
He  was  commonly  known  as  Clievalier 
Wikoff.  He  was  the  author  of  Reminiscences 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


691 


of  an  Idler;  Louis  Napoloou  Bonapartt';  Life 
of  Count  d'Orsay;  My  Courtship  and  ]ts 
Consequences;  Advantures  of  a  Roving 
])iploniatist;  A  New  Yorker  in  the  Foreign 
OHice;  and  Tlie  Four  Civilizations.  He  died 
May  2.   1S,S4.  in  England. 

Wilber,  David,  agriculturist,  lumber  mer- 
chant, banker,  congressman,  was  born  Oct. 
r>,  1820,  in  Sciienectady  county,  N.Y.  He 
was  for  several  years  interested  in  the  sec- 
ond national  bank  at  Cooperstown,  and  the 
bank  at  Oneonta.  On  1873-75,  1870-81  and 
1SS7-00  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
Voik  to  the  forty-third,  forty-sixth,  fif- 
tieiii  and  tifty-tirst  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. He  died  April  1,  1890,  in  Milford, 
N.Y. 

Wilber,  David  Forrest,  agriculturist,  con- 
gressman, diplomat,  was  born  Dec.  7,  1859, 
in  Milford,  N.Y.  Since  1890  he  has  been 
largely  interested  in  farming  and  stock 
breeding  in  uneonta,  N.Y.  He  is  a  director 
of  tile  Wilber  national  bank  of  Oneonta; 
and  is  president  of  the  Holstein-Friesian 
association  of  America  and  of  the  American 
Cheviot  sheep  association  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  In  1895-99  he  was  a 
rejn-esentative  to  the  fifty-fourth  and  fifty- 
fifth  congresses  as  a  republican.  In  1903- 
05  lie  was  American  consul  at  Barbadoes, 
West  Indies;  in  1905-07  was  consul-general 
to  Singapore;  and  since  1907  has  been  con- 
sul to  Halifax.  Nova  Scotia. 

Wilbur,  William  Chambers,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  May  18,  1852.  in  Olean, 
N.Y.  He  graduated  from  Syracuse  univer- 
sity. Since  1876  he  has  filled  pastorates  in 
the  metliodist  episcopal  church;  and  is  now 
superintendent  of  the  Blocher  homes  for 
tile  aged  at  Williamsville,  N.Y.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  Beauty  for  Ashes;  and  Our 
Guests. 

Wilbour,  Charles  Edwin,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Mareli  17,  1833,  in  Little  Comp- 
ton,  R.I.  He  became  a  co-laborer  with  Hein- 
rieli  Karl  Brugsch  and  Gaston  C.  C.  .Maspero 
in  the  field  of  Egyptology;  accompanying 
the  latter  on  five  winter  explorations  up 
the  Nile.  He  was  the  author  of  Life  of 
N'ictor  Hugo  and  a  number  of  translations 
from  the  French.  He  died  Dec.  7,  189G,  in 
I'aris.    France. 

Wilbour,  Mrs.  Charlotte  Beebee,  reform- 
er, fouiKler, '  was  born  .March  2,  1S30.  in 
Norwicii.  Conn.  She  was  elected  president 
of  Sorosis  in  1870,  and  was  five  times  re- 
elected. Slip  was  a  founder  of  the  club, 
devoted  much  time  and  thought  to  secur- 
ing for  it  a  pcntiancnt  foundation,  and 
wa.s  instruniinl j|  in  organizing  the  associa- 
tion for  the  adsancement  of  women  that 
was  formed  by  it  in  1.S73.  Since  she  has 
ri'sidcd  al)road  ^he  has  niaintaiiied  her  in- 
terest in  the  elevation  of  iier  sex.  and 
sought   every   opportunity   to   labor   for   it. 

Wilbour,  Isaac,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Eittle  Comiiton,  R.I.  In  1807- 
(i9  lie  was  a  representative  from  Rhode  Is- 
land to  tile  tenth  congress.    In   1800  he  was 


acting  governor  of  Rhode  Island.  In  1819- 
27  he  was  chief  justice  of  tlie  supreme 
court  of  Rhode  Island.  He  died  in  Rhode 
Island. 

Wilbur,  Charles  Toppan,  physician,  jour- 
nalist, founder,  was  born  May  18,  1835,  in 
Newburyport,  Mass.  In  1884  he  opened  a 
private  asylum  for  the  feeble-minded  at 
Kalamazoo.  In  1882  he  founded  the  Phil- 
anthropic Index  and  Review,  a  monthly 
publication  devoted  to  the  intei'ests  of 
feeble-minded  children,  and  published  it  for 
eighteen  years.  He  died  Aug.  19,  1909,  in 
Kalamazoo,   ]\Iich. 

Wilbur,  Curtis  D.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  May  10,  1867,  in  Boonesboro,  Iowa. 
He  was  educated  at  the  United  States  naval 
academy;  and  in  1888  graduated  from  that 
institution.  He  has  been  chief  deputy  and 
district  attorney  of  Los  Angeles  county, 
Cal.;  and  judge,  juvenile  court  department, 
of  the  superior  coiirt.  Since  1903  he  lias 
been  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Cali- 
fornia; is  now  serving  his  term  ending  in 
1915;   and  resides  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Wilbur,  Elisha  Packer,  banker,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1833,  in  Mys- 
tic, Conn.  In  1852  he  entered  railway  serv- 
ice as  a  rodman  on  the  Lehigh  valley  rail- 
road; and  was  president  of  that  corpora- 
tion. He  is  president  of  the  E.  P.  Wilbur 
trust  company  of  Soutli  Bethlehem,  Pa.; 
and   has   ether   large   private   interests. 

Wilbur,  George  A.,  lawyer,  jurist.  For 
several  years  he  was  associate  justice  of 
tlie  state  supreme  court  of  Rhode  Island. 
He    died    in    Woonsocket,    R.I. 

Wilbur,  Hervey,  clergyman,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1787  in  Wendell,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  Elements  of  Astron- 
omy; and  Lexicon  of  Useful  Knowledge. 
He  died  Jan.  5,  1852,  in  Newburyport, 
Mass. 

Wilbur,  Hervey  iiackus,  physician,  jiliil- 
anthroi)ist,  was  born  Aug.  18,  1820,  in  Wen- 
dell, Mass.  He  was  founder  of  the  schools 
for  the  feeble-minded  in  the  United  States, 
the  first  fully  orjjanized  one  beins  the  state 
institution  at  Syracuse  in  1854,  of  whicli  he 
was  appointed  superintendent.  He  died  in 
1883  in  S.vracuse.  N.Y. 

Wilbur,  Isaac,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  liorii  in  Riiode  Island.  He  was 
for  many  .vears  chief  justice  of  tlie  supreme 
court  of  Kliode  Ishuid  ;  and  in  1806-07  was 
acting  governor.  In  1807-09  lie  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Kliode  Island  to  the  tenth 
(•(uuzri'ss. 

Wilbur,  John,  educator,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior, was  hoin  .Inly  17,  1774,  in  Ilopkinton, 
II. I.  He  was  a  <|uaker;  and  lucaclied  in 
Pennsylvania.  Xew  Jersey  and  New  Yorlj. 
He  was  the  autlior  of  .V  \arrati\e  and  Kx- 
positidu  Journal  and  Correspondence.  He 
died   May   1,   1856.  in   Ilopkinton,  IM. 

Wilbur,  Newell  Lee,  musician,  composer, 
was  horn  Awj;.  2.  1851.  in  Proxideiice,  K.I. 
II<>  has  attained  eminence  as  an  ory;anist ; 
and    as    a    successful    teacher    of    music    in 


692 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OB'  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Noank.   Conn. 


Providence,  R.I.  Among  his  works  is  a 
Christian  Anthem  entitled  There  Were  Shep- 
iii-rds   Abiding  in  tlie  Field. 

Wilbur,  La  Fayette,  lawyer,  genealogist, 
anthor,  was  born  May  15,  1834,  in  Water- 
villr^.  Vt.    He  was  educated  in  the  academies 

of  Bakersfield,  Fair- 
fax, Underbill  and 
Morrisville,  Vt.  He 
has  attained  success 
in  the  practice  of  law 
at    Jericho,    Vt. ;    has 

K/    3%.  "i  been    a    school    direct- 

L*»^v  .  or ;    was   a    trustee   of 

the  public  library  ;  and 
has  held  various  other 
positions  of  trust  and 
honor.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Early 
History  of  Vermont, 
in  four  volumes  ;  and  Geneaology  of  the  Wil- 
bur Family. 

Wilbur,  Robert  Palmer,  soldier,  shipbuild- 
er,   statesman,    was    born    Oct.    28,    1839,    in 
During    the  first  part  of   the 
war  he  served  in  com- 
pany   E  ,  second    regi- 
ment Connecticut   vol- 
unteers.      He      subse- 
^^  quently     followed     the 

[^S9I|  '^l^.  V*^  sea  for  many  years ; 
was  commander  of  the 
Ulysses  in  1863,  and 
s  u  b  s  e  quently  com- 
m  a  n  d  e  d  numerous 
ships  in  the  Califor- 
nia and  European 
trade.  He  was  one  of 
the  incorporators  of 
The  Kubfit  Palmer  and  Son  shipbuilding  and 
marine  railway  company  of  Noank,  Conn., 
and  has  been  vice-president  of  that  company 
since  1893.  He  lias  filled  numerous  public 
ofliccs  in  (irolon,  Conn.,  and  in  1897  served 
with  distinction  as  a  member  of  the  Con- 
necticut state  legislature. 

Wilbur,  Rollin  Henry,  railroad  president, 
was  born  Sept.  3,  1863,  in  Bethlehem,  Pa. 
He  graduated  from  the  Lehigh  university, 
and  has  since  been  in  the  railway  service. 
He  has  filled  various  positions  and  became 
general  superintendent  and  general  man- 
ager of  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
railroad.  Since  1907  he  has  been  vice- 
president  and  general  manager  of  the 
Lehigh  and  New  England  railroad;  and  also 
vice-i)resi(lent  of  the  Lehigh  coal  and  navi- 
galiou  conipauy  and  vice-president  of  the 
I-i'liiiili    nnvigalion   comi)any. 

Wilbur,  Warren  Abbott,  manufacturer, 
i)anker.  was  born  May  1,  1859,  in  Bethle- 
hrin.  Pm.  He  is  president  of  the  E.  P.  Wil- 
bur I  rust  company;  president  of  the  Bethle- 
lii'iH  foundry  and  machine  company ;  presi- 
dent ol'  the  N'alloy  coal  and  coke  company; 
prcsidcnl  of  tiic  ^Vilbur  coal  comjiany  ;  and 
president  of  the  South  Side  banking  com- 
pany and  \'ai'i()us  other  financial  and  indus- 
tiial    c()r|)()rat ions.     He    is    a    trustee    of    the 


estate  of  Asa  Packer;  and  a  trustee  of  Le- 
liigh  university. 

Wilcox,  Ansley,  educator,  lawyer,  was 
born  Jan.  27,  185G,  in  Summerville,  Ga. 
Since  1878  he  has  practiced  law  in  Buffalo, 
N.Y.;  and  was  professor  of  medical  juris- 
prudence at  the  university  of  Buffalo  for 
twenty-one  years. 

Wilcox,  Cadmus  Marcellus,  soldier,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  29,  1826,  in  Wayne 
county,  N.C.  He  was  a  United  States  army 
ollicer ;  and  in  1886  was  appointed  chief  of 
the  railroad  division  of  the  general  land 
oOice  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  was  given  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Rifles  and  Rifle  Practice ;  and  His- 
tory of  the  Mexican  War.  He  died  Dec.  2, 
1S90.   in   Washington,  D.C. 

Wilcox,  Carlos,  clergyman,  autlior,  poet, 
was  born  Oct.  22,  1794,  in  Newport,  N.EI. 
He  was  the  author  of  Religion  of  Taste;  a 
volume  of  Sermons  ;  and  The  Age  of  Benev- 
olence, a  poem.  He  died  May  29,  1827,  in 
I  hinbury.  Conn. 

Wilcox,  Deles  Franklin,  farmer,  author, 
was  born  April  22,  1873,  in  Ida,  Mich.  He 
is  a  successful  farmer  of  Elk  Rapids,  Mich. 
He  is  tile  author  of  The  Study  of  City  Gov- 
ernment;  Ethical  Marriage;  and  The  Amer- 
ican City. 

Wilcox,  isarley  Vernon,  educator,  biolo- 
gist, author,  was  Ijorn  Feb.  16,  1869,  in 
P.usti.  N.Y.  Since  1899  he  has  been  editor 
on  the  Experiment  Station  Record  in  the 
United  States  department  of  agriculture  at 
Wasliington,  D.C.  He  is  tlie  author  of  Farm- 
er's Cyclopedia  of  Agriculture  ;  Handbook  of 
Meat  Inspection;  Flandbook  of  Milk  Inspec- 
tion;  and  Cyclopedia  of  Li\e   Stock. 

Wilcox,  Mrs.  Ella  Wheeler,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1855  in  Johnstown  Centre,  Wis. 
She  is  the  author  of  Maurine,  and  Other 
Poems  ;  Drops  of  Water,  temperance  poems  ; 
Shells  ;  Poems  of  Passion  ;  Poems  of  Pleas- 
ure; The  Song  of  the  Sandwich;  The  Beau- 
tiful Land  of  Nod,  poems  and  prose  for  chil- 
dren ;  and  Custer,  and  Other  Poems.  Her 
prose  work  includes.  Men,  Women,  and  Emo- 
tions; Mai  Moulee;  Was  It  Suicide?;  A 
Double  Life;  Sweet  Danger;  Perdita  and 
Otlier  Stories ;  An  Erring  Woman's  Love ; 
Adventures  of  Miss  Volney  ;  Poems  of  Sen- 
timent:   and   other  works. 

Wilcox,  Frank  Z.,  lawver,  lAiblicist,  was 
born  Doc.  8,  1851,  in  England.  In  1879-87 
under  his  leadership  the  first  building  in 
the  United  States  was  erected  that  was 
ever  used  exclusivelj^  for  railway  em- 
ployees. Since  1887  he  has  been  a  prac- 
ticing lawyer  of  Syracuse,  N.Y. ;  and  has 
been  interested  in  the  work  of  good  roads. 

Wilcox,  Horace  Cornwall,  manufacturer, 
railroad  president,  was  born  .Ian.  2(5,  1824, 
in  Middletown,  Conn.  In  ISdti  he  became 
president  of  the  Meriden  Britannia  com- 
pany, the  largest  of  its  kind  in  the  world. 
It  was  through  his  eflorts  that  the  Meri- 
den and  Cromwell  railroad  was  built;  and 
he  was  the  first  president  of  that  corpora- 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


G9C 


died  Aug. 


27,   1890,   in   Martha's 


tion.     He 

\'in('y;u"d.   Mass. 

Wilcox,  James  Andrew,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Ohio.  In  18G2  lie  was  colonel  in  the 
one  hundred  and  thirteenth  regiment  Ohio 
infantry;  and  in  18G.5  was  brevettcd  liriga- 
dier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died  Sept. 
27,  1891. 

Wilcox,  Jeduthan,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1709  in  New  Hampshire.  In  1813-17 
he  was  a  representative  from  JS'ew  Hamp- 
shire to  the  thirteenth  and  fourteenth  con- 
gresses. He  died  in  July,  1838,  in  O.Kford, 
N.H. 

Wilcox,  John  A.,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  April  18,  1819,  in  North  Caro- 
lina. He  was  secretary  of  the  Mississip- 
pi state  senate.  He  served  in  the  Mexi- 
can war  as  lieutenant,  adjutant  and  lieu- 
tenant-colonel. In  18.51-53  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Mississippi  to  the  thirty- 
second  congress.  He  represented  Texas 
in  the  confederate  congress.  He  died  Feb. 
7,    1864,   in   Eichmond,   Va. 

Wilcox,  Leonard,  lawyer,  jurist,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  United  States  sena- 
tor, was  born  Jan.  29,  1799,  in  Hanover, 
N.H.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire state  legislature;  and  was  a  judge 
of  the  superior  court.  In  1842-43  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire. He  died  June  18,  1850,  in  Oxford, 
N.H. 

Wilcox,  Marrion,  lawyer,  author,  poet, 
was  born  April  3,  1858,  in  Augusta,  Ga. 
In  1878  he  graduated  from  Yale  univer- 
sity ;  received  the 
degree  of  LL.B.  from 
Hamilton  college;  and 
took  special  studies 
in  foreign  universi- 
ties. He  was  admit- 
ted to  the  New  York 
bar;  and  was  an  in- 
structor at  Yale  uni- 
versity. He  was  an 
associate  editor  o  f 
the  New  Englander 
and  Yale  Review. 
In  1902  he  was  prora- 
an  advocate  of  fair  play 
defending  the  principle  of 
in  this  country  and  urging 
from  political  leaders  and 
associations     of     Cuba,     approx- 


inent      as 
to      Cuba, 
reciprocity 
concessions 
economic 


imatoly  embodied  in  treaty  submitted 
to  congress  and  accepted  in  1903.  He  is 
the  author  of  Real  People;  A  Short  His- 
tory of  the  ^^'ar  with  Spain;  Sketches  in 
Spain,  England  and  Italy;  and  Harper's 
History  of  the  War  in  the  Philippines. 

Wilcox  Milton  Charles,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, author,  was  born  April  9,  1853,  in 
Theresa,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Antwerp  liberal  institute  and  Ives  s^emi- 
narv  of  New  York;  and  at  the  Battle 
Creek  college  of  [Michigan.  He  taught 
school    in    1870-78;    and    in    1878-83    was    a 


seventh  day  adventist  evangelist.  In  1883 
he  went  to  England  as  chairman  of  the 
British  mission  board  for  his  denomina- 
tion; and  established  the  Present  Truth, 
published  weekly  in  London.  In  1887-91 
he  was  associate-editor  of  the  Signs  of  the 
Times ;  and  since  1891  has  been  editor-in- 
chief  of  that  publication.  He  has  been 
president  of  the  international  Sabbath- 
school  association.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Lord's  Day;  Lessons  From  Prophecy; 
and   other   works. 

Wilcox,  Phineas  Bacon,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  26,  1798,  in  Middletown, 
Conn.  In  1821-61  he  was  a  lawyer  of  Co- 
lumbus, Ohio.  He  was  the  author  of  Con- 
densed Reports  of  Ohio  Supreme  Court; 
Ohio  Forms  and  Practice;  A  Few  Thoughts 
by  a  Member  of  the  Bar;  Practical  Forms 
in  Action,  etc.;  and  Practical  Forms  Un- 
der Code  of  Civil  Procedure.  He  died 
March  25.   1863.  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Wilcox,  Reynold  Webb,  physician,  author, 
was  born  March  29,  1856,  in  Madison, 
Conn.  In  1878  he  graduated  from  Yale 
!-—— T--- — . — -, ,  university;  and  re- 
ceived the  degree  of 
M.D.  from  Harvard. 
He  also  studied  in 
foreign  universities. 
He  was  professor  of 
medicine  in  tlie  New 
York  post-graduate 
school;  in  1887-1908 
was  consulting  phy- 
sician to  the  Nassau 
hospital;  and  since 
1893  has  been  physi- 
cian to  St.  Mark's 
hospital  of  New  York  City.  In  1905-07  he 
was  president  of  the  American  pharma- 
cological society;  is  a  fellow  of  the  Amer- 
ican academy  of  medicine;  a  member  of 
the  Harvard  medical  society;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  various  local,  state  and  national 
medical  societies.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
System  of  Case  Records;  ilanual  of  Fever 
Nursing;  Materia  Medica  and  Pharmacy; 
Pharmacology  and  Therapeutics;  Treat- 
ment of  Disease;  The  Descendants  of  Wil- 
liam Wilcoxson.  Vincent  Meigs  and  Rich- 
ard Webb;   and  ^ladison.  Her  Soldiers. 

Wilcox,  Robert  William,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  15,  1855,  in  the  Hawaiian 
Islands.  He  led  the  diamond  head  revolu- 
tion against  the  government  to  restore 
Queen  Liliuokalani  in  1895;  was  con- 
demned to  death,  but  United  States  senate 
intervened;  and  President  Dolo  commuted 
his  sentence  to  thirty-five  years  at  hard  la- 
li()r.  with  ten  thousand  dollars  fine.  He 
was  pardoned  in  1896.  In  1900-03  he  was 
a  rcprcscnlaiive  from  Hawaii  to  the  fifty- 
sixth  and  fifty-seventh  congresses.  He  died 
Od.   24.    1903'.   in    Hawaii. 

Wilcox,  Timothy  E.,  soldier,  was  born 
April  26.  1S40,  in  New  York.  In  1866  he 
was    hoiiorablv    mustered    out    as    assistant 


694 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


surgeon  in  the  United  States  volunteers; 
and  in  1867-68  he  was  assistant  surgeon 
in  the  United  States  army.  In  1874-79  he 
was  captain  and  assistant  surgeon;  and  in 
1879-91  was  major  and  surgeon.  He  served 
in  the  Spanish-American  war;  in  1901  was 
lieutenant-colonel  in  tlie  department  of  the 
surgeon-general ;  and  was  made  colonel  in 
1903.  In  1904  he  was  retired  as  brigadier- 
general   in  the  United  States  army. 

Wilcox,  Walter  Dwight,  scientist,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  24,  1869,  in  Cliicago,  111. 
He  has  traveled  and  made  scientific  investi- 
gations in  the  Canadian  Rockies,  Hawaiian 
Islands  and  other  countries.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Camping  in  the  Canadian  Roclc- 
ies ;  The  Rockies  of  Canada ;  and  A  Guide 
to  the  Lake  Louise  Region. 

Wild,  Edward  Augustus,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Massachusetts.  In  1861  he  was 
captain  in  the  first  regiment  INIassachusetts 
infantry;  and  in  1863  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
Aug.  28,  1891. 

Wilcox,  Washington  F.,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  in  Killing- 
worth,  Conn.  In  1862  he  graduated  from 
the  Yale  law  school ;  and  began  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  at  Deep  River,  Conn. 
In  1862-63  he  was  a  member  of  the  Con- 
necticut house  of  representatives ;  and  in 
1875-76  was  a  member  of  the  state  senate. 
In  1875-83  he  was  state's  attorney.  In 
1889-93  he  was  a  representative  from  Con- 
necticut to  the  fifty-first  and  fifty-second 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1897  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  state  railroad  commis- 
sioners. 

Wild,  Augustus,  soldier,  was  born  Nov. 
25,  1825,  in  Brooklino,  Mass.  In  1863  he 
was  made  a  brigadier-general  of  volunteers ; 
and  since  the  civil  war  has  been  engaged  in 
silver   mining. 

Wilde,  George  Francis  Faxon,  naval  offi- 
cer, was  born  Feb.  23,  1845,  in  Braintree, 
Mass.  In  1866  he  was  appointed  master 
in  the  United  States  navy;  and  in  1885 
became  commander.  He  introduced  gas 
buoys  on  the  great  lakes;  and  introduced 
the  telephones  to  light  vessels  from  shore. 
In  1904  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
rear   admiral;    and   in    1905   was   retired. 

Wilde,  Louis  J.,  banker,  philanthropist, 
was  born  Jxily  16,  1865,  in  Iowa  City, 
Iowa.  He  was  educated  at  Cornell  college 
and  at  Hyatt's  academy  of  Iowa.  In  1884- 
03  he  was  engaged  in  the  real  estate  busi- 
ness in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  and  then  for 
nine  years  was  in  the  brokerage  business 
in  St.  Paul,  Minn.  Since  1903  he  has 
lived  in  San  Diego,  was  instrumental  in 
the  establishment  of  the  San  Diego  home 
telephone  company,  and  built  tlie  Pickwick 
theater.  He  founded  the  American  national 
bank  and  other  corporations.  He  built 
and  gave  to  the  city  of  San  Diego  a  marble 
monument. 

Wilde,  Norman,  educator,  author,  was 
born  June   12,   1867,  at   Dobbs   Ferry,  N.Y. 


nev 

25 

to 


Since  1902  he  has  been  professor  of  phi- 
losophy in  the  university  of  Minnesota.  He 
is  the  author  of  A  Study  in  German  Real- 
ism. 

Wilde,  Richard  Henry,  lawyer,  educator, 
congressman,  author,  poet,  was  born  Sept. 
24,  1789,  in  Ireland.  He  was  made  attor- 
general  of  Georgia.  In  1817-19,  1823- 
and  1827-35  he  was  a  representative 
the  fourteenth,  eighteenth,  twentieth, 
twenty-first  twenty-second  and  twenty-third 
congresses.  In  1843  he  moved  to  New  Or- 
leans, La. :  and  was  elected  professor  of 
constitutional  law  in  the  university  of  Lou- 
isiana. He  was  the  author  of  Conjectures 
and  Researches  Concerning  Tasso;  and  the 
graceful  Ivric,  My  Life  is  Like  the  Summer 
Rose.  He  died  Sept.  10,  1847,  in  New  Or- 
leans,   La. 

Wilde,    Samuel    Sumner,    lawyer,    jurist, 
was  born   Feb.   5,    1771,   in   Taunton,   Mass. 
presidential  elector  in   1800 
a   state   councilor   in   1814; 
to  the  Hartford  convention 
year;    and   in    1815-50   was   a 


He  served 
and  1808, 
and  a 

the    same 


as  a 

was 

delegate 


m 


physician, 

14,    1823, 

graduated 

Syracuse 

college.      He 

assistant   edi- 


sv* 


judge  of  the  Massachusetts  supreme  court. 
He  died  June  22,  1855,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Wilder,  A.  Carter,  merchant,  congressman, 
was  born  March  18,  1828,  in  Meudon, 
J\lass.  In  1863-65  he  was  a  representative 
from  Kansas  to  the  thirty-eighth  congress. 
He  died  Dec.  23,  1875,  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal. 

Wilder,    Alexander,   journalist, 
scientist,   author,   was   born   May 
in    Verona,    N.Y.      In    1850    he 

from      the 
medical 
became 

tor    of    the    Syracuse 
Star,    then    editor    of 
^^^^^^^—^     the  New  York  Tcach- 
I^ET  ^^^^^^^^^B,    ^i";    ''^nd    later    editor 
|H  ?^4HH||HHI     *3f  t^>6  American  Col- 
^K   r^B^^'y'  lege    Journal.      About 

^p        ;"■  ■'  W  I860     he     became     a 

member  of  the  edito- 
rial staff  of  the  Even- 
ing Post,  and  for  thir- 
teen years  was  ita 
legislative  correspondent.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York  school  of  philo.=ophy. 
He  has  been  prominent  in  ]niblic  affairs, 
and  in  various  medical  associations,  and  is 
a  noted  scientist  with  decided  philosophic 
proclivities ;  and  in  1893  he  delivered  the 
address  at  the  World's  medical  congress 
auxiliary.  He  is  the  author  of  the  follow- 
ing works:  The  Later  Platonists;  The 
Soul;  Life  Eternal;  The  Birth  and  Being 
of  Things;  The  Antecedent  Life;  Intui- 
tion and  Divination;  Micro-Organisms  in 
Disease;  Mind,  Tliought,  and  Cerebrntion; 
Tlie  Ganglionic  Nervous  System;  Psj'cho- 
logical    Science;    and   The   Resurrection. 

Wilder,  Arthur  Ashford,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  3,  1873,  in  Hawaii.  In 
1898-1905  he  was  a  member  of  a  law  firm 
of    Honolulu;     and    in     1895    was    a    com- 


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missioner  of  Hawaii.  Since  1905  ho  lias 
been  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Hawaii   territory. 

Wilder,  Burt  Green,  anatomist,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1841,  in  Bos- 
ton,   Mass.      In    1802    he    graduated    from 

the  Lawrence,  scientif- 
ic   school   of    Harvard 
university;      and     re- 
ceived   the    degree    of 
M.D.      In    1802-G:)    he 
served   in   the   United 
States     army     as  i  a 
medical      cadet      and 
surgeon    in    the    fifty- 
fifth   regiment  Massa- 
chusetts   infantry.    In 
180G-G8  he  was  an  as- 
sistant    in     compara- 
tive   anatomy    in    the 
Museum  of  comparative  zoology;  and  since 
1867   has   been   professor   of   neurology   and 
vertebrate    zoology    in    Cornell    university. 
He   has   been   an    instructor    in   the   Ander- 
son   summer    school    of   natural    history;    a 
professor   in   the  ^Medical   school   of   Maine; 
and  a  lecturer  at  Lowell  institute.     He  de- 
vised   the    slip-system    of    notes;     and    has 
made  an   unusually  complete  series  of  ver- 
tebrate brains.     He  is  the  author  of  What 
Young    People    Should    Know;    Anatomical 
Technology;    Physiology  Practicums;   Emer- 
gencies;   Health    Notes    for    Students;    The 
Brain   of  the  Sheep;   and   Foumler's  Ilymn. 
Wilder,   Mrs.    Charlotte    Frances,    littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  in  Templeton,  ^lass. 
She   is   the   wife   of   George   Carter   Wilder, 
lawyer.     In   1895-1902   she  was   president   of 
the  Topeka  branch  of  the  Woman's  foreign 
missionary   association ;   and   since   1870   has 
been   a   Bible  teacher  of  yonng  men   college 
students.    She  is  the  author  of  Land  of  the 
Risinj?  Sun  ;   and   Sistor  Ridnonr's   Sacrifice. 
Wilder,  Daniel  Webster,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist,   author,    was    born    July    15.    1832,    in 
Blackstone,  ]\ra.ss.    He  was  a  Kansas  lawyer 
and    journalist.     He    was    editor    of    the    In- 
surance   Magazine :    and    president    of    the 
Kansas  state  historical  society.    He  was  the 
author   of    Annals   of   Kansas ;    and    Life   of 
Shakesiienre.     He    died    July    16.     1911.     in 
Hiawatha,   Kan. 

Wilder,  Edward  Binns,  civil  engineer,  was 
l)orn  Aug.  9.  1814,  in  Montego  Ray.  Jamaica. 
In  1846-53  he  was  engaged  in  exi)Ioring  the 
mineral  resources  of  Cuba.  He  snbse<inently 
moved  to  California  ;  engaged  in  mining  en- 
gineering ;  and  for  many  years  was  superin- 
tendent of  tho  Ojihir  silver  mines  in  Novada. 
He  resides  in  Salt  Lake  City,  and  is  a 
brother  of  the  late  William  II.  Wilder,  the 
cminont  lawyer  of  New  Orleans.  La. 

Wildes,  George  Dudley,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  .Iiino  19.  1819.  in  Newbnryi»)rt, 
Mass.  In  1867-98  be  was  rector  of  Clirist 
clinrch  of  Riverdale,  N.Y.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  sermons  and  addresses;  editod  Risli- 
op     Griswold's     Lectures     on     Prayer ;     and 


translated  George  Herbert's  Latin  poems. 
He  died  June  3,  1898,  in  Riverdale,  N.Y. 
Wilder,  Harris  Hawthorne,  educator,  zool- 
ogist, scientist,  author*,  was  born  April  7, 
1864,  in  Bangor,  Maine.  Since  1892  he  has 
been  professor  of  zoology  at  Smith  college 
of  Northampton,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of 
Invertebrate  Zoology ;  Synopsis  of  Animal 
Classification ;  and  numerous  technical  pa- 
pers  on   a   vertebrate  anatomy. 

Wilder,  John  Thomas,  soldier,  engineer, 
was  born  Jan.  31,  1830,  in  Hunter  Village, 
N.Y.  He  served  in  the  civil  war  ;  and  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general.  Since  1865  he 
has  been  active  in  the  mineral  development 
of  Tennessee.  He  is  president  of  the  Wil- 
der paper  works ;  and  president  of  the 
Roane    mountain    hotel    company. 

Wilder,  Marshall  Pinckney,  entertainer, 
anthor.  was  born  Sept.  19,  1859,  in  Geneva, 
N.Y.  He  is  an  entertainer  and  appears  in 
leading  halls  and  drawing  rooms.  He  is  the 
author  of  People  I've  Smiled  With;  The 
Sunny  Side  of  the  Street ;  Smiling  Round 
the  World  :  and  Ten  Books  of  the  JNlerry 
Makers.    He  died  in   Dorchester.  Mass. 

Wilder,  Ralph  Everett,  journalist,  car- 
toonist, was  born  Feb.  23,  1875,  in  Worces- 
ter, Mass.  Since  1903  he  has  been  cartoon- 
ist for  the  Chicago  Record-Herald  of  Chi- 
cago, 111. 

Wilder,  Samson  Vryling  Stoddard,  mer- 
chant, banker,  Mas  born  in  1780,  in  Bolton, 
Mass.  He  was  president  of  the  American 
tract  society  in  1823-42;  and  was  connect- 
ed with  many  similar  organizations.  He 
died   April  2,  'l865,   in   Elizabeth,  N.J. 

Wilder,  William  Heatley,  lawyer,  civil 
engiiuH'r,  iihilanthropist,  was  born  March  25, 
1813,  in  Beauford,  S.C.  After  graduating 
from  the  I^nion  college  of  Schenectady,  N. 
Y.,  he  studied  French,  (Jerman.  and  Spanish 
in  Eurojie.  He  subsequently  graduated  from 
the  New  York  university  of  law;  and  from 
1833  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  that 
inofession,  moving  to  New  Orleans  in  1843. 
For  three  successive  terms  he  was  a  nienib(>r 
of  the  Louisiana  legislature:  was  a  member 
of  the  general  council  of  New  Orleans  in 
1847;  and  subsequently  alderman  for  a  luim- 
l)er  of  years.  He  was  noted  for  his  great 
l)liilniitliri)i)y  and  benevolence.  He  died  July 
6.  1898,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Wilder,  William  Henry,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  |)resi(l(>nt.  was  born  July  17, 
1X19.  in  Greenfield,  111.  In  1888-97  he  was 
president  of  the  Illinois  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity ;  and  in  1905  was  called  to  fill  a  pas- 
torate in  the  Centenary  methodist  episco- 
pal church   of  .Tacksonville.   111. 

Wilder,  William  Henry,  congressman,  was 
ix.ni  May  H.  1855.  in  Bclta.st,  Me.  In  1911- 
15  he  was  a  representative  from  Massachu- 
setts to  the  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  con- 
gresses. 

Wildes,  Frank,  naval  olliccr.  was  born 
June  17.  1843.  in  Boston.  Mass.  He  was 
Iiromoted   to  captain   in   1894  ;   was  in   com- 


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maud  of  the  Boston  during  Dewey's  bril- 
liant victory  at  Manila  ;  and  was  among  the 
captains  who  welcomed  the  admiral  on  his 
return  to  his  native  land  in  1899.  He  was 
subsequently  promoted  to  rear-admiral.  He 
died  in  1903. 

Wildes,  Thomas  Francis,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Canada.  In  1862  he  was  lieutenant-colonel 
in  the  one  hundred  and  sixteenth  regiment 
Ohio  infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
briuadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
March  28?  1883. 

Wildey,  Thomas,  founder,  was  born  Jan. 
15,  1783.  in  Loudon,  England.  He  labored 
in'  Baltimore  as  a  maker  of  coach-springs. 
In  1819  he  established  in  that  city  the  first 
lodge  of  Odd  fellows  in  the  United  States, 
and  in  1825-33  was  grandsire  of  the  grand 
lodge.  He  was  therefore  the  founder  of  the 
order  iu  the  United  States.-  A  monument 
has  been  erected  to  his  memory  in  Baltimore 
by  members  of  the  order.  He  died  Oct.  19, 
1861.  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Wildman,  Edwin,  journalist,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  May  9,  1868,  in  Corning, 
N.Y.  In  1897,  he  was  vice  and  deputy  con- 
sul general  at  Hongkong,  China.  In  1898- 
1900  lie  was  special  war  correspondent  in 
the  I'hilippines;  and  in  1900-01  was  special 
war  correspondent  in  China  for  the  Hearst 
newspapers;  and  later  for  the  New  York 
World  and  the  Outing  Magazine.  He  is  a 
director  of  the  Thatcher  manufacturing  com- 
pa^iy  of  Elmira.  N.Y. ;  and  in  1906-07  was 
president  and  editor  of  the  M.A.P.  in  Amer- 
ica. He  is  the  author  of  Aguinaldo,  a  Nar- 
rative of  Filipino  Ambitions. 

Wildman,  Rounseville,  journalist,  diplo- 
mat, author,  was  born  March  19,  1864,  in 
Batavia,  N.Y.    In  1880-90  he  was  editor  and 

manager  of  the  Idaho 
Statesman  of  Boise. 
In  1889-90  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Idaho 
delegation  before  con- 
gress ;  and  it  was 
largely  owing  to  his 
elTorts  that  Idaho  was 
admitted  as  a  state. 
In  1890-92  he  was 
United  States  consul 
at  Singapore.  In  1894- 
97   he   was  editor   and 

,^_^     .i.— —    president   of   Overland 

Monthly  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  and  in 
1898-1901  was  United  States  consul-general 
at  Hong-Kong.  He  was  the  author  of  Tales 
of  the  Malayan  Coast ;  and  Sanctum  Talks. 
He  was  drowned  Feb.  22,  1901,  by  ship- 
wreck in  San  Francisco  Bay,  Cal. 

Wildman,  Zalmon,  conorressman,  was  born 
in  Uanbury.  Conn.  In  1835-37  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Connecticut  to  the  twenty- 
fourth  congress.  He  died  Dec.  10,  1835,  in 
Washington,   D.C. 

Wildrick,  Isaac,  congressman ,  was  born 
in  New  .J<'isey.  In  1849-53  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirty-first 


and    thirty-second    congresses.     He    died    in 
New  Jersej'. 

Wiles,  Greenberry  F.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1826  in  Ohio.  In  1861  he  enlisted  as  second 
lieutenant  in  the  seventy-eighth  Ohio  in-' 
fantry.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  civil  war ; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  died  June  13,  1899,  in  Wind- 
sor, N.Y. 

Wiles,  Irving  Ramsay,  portrait  painter, 
was  born  April  8,  1861,  in  Utica,  N.Y.  In 
1898  he  became  a  member  of  the  national 
academy  of  design.  He  is  known  as  a  clever 
figure-painter ;  and  his  Corner  Table  gained 
the  third  Hallgarteu  prize  at  the  academy 
cf   design   in   1886. 

WUes,  Lemuel  Maynard,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Oct.  21,  1826,  in  Perry,  N.Y.  In 
1875  he  assumed  the  directorship  of  the  col- 
lege of  Fine  Arts  in  Ingham  university  of 
Le  Roy,  N.Y'. ;  and  in  1888  he  founded  the 
Silver  Lake  art-school  at  Ferry,  N.Y.  His 
paintings  include  The  Pillar  of  Fire ;  The 
Noonday  Retreat ;  The  Vale  of  Elms ;  Snow- 
bound ;  and  A  Song  of  the  Sea.  He  died  in 
1905  in  New  York  City. 

Wiley,  Aquila,  solcier,  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  in 
the  sixteenth  regiment  Ohio  infantry ;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
voluuteers.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
in  1866. 

Wiley,  Ariosto  Appling,  soldier,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov.  6, 
1848,  in  Montgomery,  Ala.  He  was  long  en- 
gaged as  lawyer  in  Alabama  ;  served  in  Ala- 
bama house  and  state  senate  for  eighteen 
years ;  and  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  fifth  regiment  United  States  volun- 
teer infantry.  He  served  eleven  months  in 
Cuba ;  was  chief  legal  adviser  to  General 
Lawton  ;  was  later  appointed  as  acting  civil 
governor  of  Santiago ;  and  framed  the  con- 
stitution and  set  in  motion  the  machinery  of 
a  civil  government.  In  1901-08  he  was  a 
representative  from  Alabama  to  the  fifty- 
seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth 
congresses.  He  died  June  17,  1908,  in  Hot 
Springs,  Va. 

Wiley,  Calvin  Henderson,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, legislator,  author,  was  born  Feb.  3, 
1819,  in  Guilford  county,  N.O.  He  was  elect- 
ed to  the  state  legislature  in  1850  and  1852. 
In  1855  he  was  licensed  to  preach  by  the 
presbytery  of  Orange.  He  was  the  author 
of  Adventures  of  Old  Dan  Tucker;  Utopia, 
a  Picture  of  Early  Life  at  the  South;  Scrip- 
tural Views  of  National  Trials;  Alamance, 
a  novel ;  and  Roanoke,  or  Where  is  Utopia? 
Ho  died  Jan.  11.  1887,  in  Winston.  N.C. 

Wiley,  Edwin,  journalist,  librarian,  was 
born  Aug.  22,  1872,  at  Coal  Creek,  Tenn. 
He  received  the  degrees  of  B.S.,  B.A.  and 
M.A.  from  the  university  of  Tennessee.  In 
1892-93  he  was  an  apprentice  assistant  in 
the  Harvard  university  library;  in  1893-99 
was  librarian  and  assistant  in  English  in  the 
university   of   Tennessee;    in   1899-1906    was 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


697 


assistant  librarian  and  assistant  in  Englisli 
in  Vanderbilt  univeisitj' ;  and  since  1906  has 
been  classifier  in  the  library  o£  congress. 
Since  1906  he  has  been  associate  editor  of 
the  Pathfinder ;  and  is  a  lecturer  on  fine 
arts.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Old  and  the 
New  Renaissance  ;  Early  Presses  in  Tennes- 
see ;   and  Libraries   in   the   Southern   States. 

Wiley,  Franklin  Baldwin,  journalist,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Sept.  28,  1861.  in  New 
York  City.  Since  1899  he  has  been  literary 
editor  of  the  Ladies'  Home  Journal.  He  is 
the  author  of  Roadside  Rhymes  ;  The  Har- 
vard Guide  Book;  Flowers  that  Never  Fade; 
r,nd  \'oices   and  Visions. 

Wiley,  Harvey  Washington,  educator, 
chemist,  scientist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  18, 
1844,  in  Kent,  lud.  He  was  educated  at 
Hanover  college ;  at  the  Indiana  medical  col- 
lege;  at  Harvard  university  and  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Berlin.  He  has  been  instructor  of 
Latin  and  Greek  in  Butler  college ;  profes- 
sor of  chemistry  at  Purdue  university  ;  and 
state  chemist  of  Indiana.  Since  1883  he  has 
been  chief  chemist  in  the  United  States  agri- 
cultural department  and  chief  of  the  bureau 
of  chemistry  at  Washington,  D.C.  He  is  a 
noted  agricultural  chemist ;  and  has  contrib- 
uted valuable  papers  to  scientific  publica- 
tions. 

Wiley,  Hiram  Ozias,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  in  1831  in  ^'e^mont.  lie  was  a  lawyer 
and  verse-writer  of  Peabody,  Mass.  He  was 
the  author  of  Eternity  and  Other  Poems. 
He  died  in  1873  in  Peabody,  Mass. 

Wiley,  Isaac  William,  clergyman,  bishop, 
author,  was  liorn  March  29,  1825,  in  Lewis- 
ton,  Pa.  He  was  a  bishop  of  the  methodist 
church  from  1872.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Fallen  Missionaries  of  Fuh  Chan;  The 
Rcli-ion  of  the  Family ;  and  China  and 
Japan  ;  a  Record  of  Observations.  He  died 
in  November,  1884,  in  China. 

Wiley,  James  S.,  congressman,  was  born 
about  1810  in  Maine.  In  1847-49  he  was 
a  representative  from  Maine  to  the  thirti- 
eth   congress.      He   died    in    Maine. 

Wiley,  John  Alexander,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  3,  1843,  in  Alleglieny  county.  Pa. 
He  was  a  private  in  the  eighth  regiment 
Pennsylvania  reserves  in  1801-04;  and  was 
chief  clerk  in  the  quartermaster's  depart- 
ment in  1804-05.  He  was  an  e.vtensive  oil 
producer  after  the  civil  war;  and  was  may- 
or of  Franklin,  Pa.  In  1898  he  became  a 
brigadier-general  of  the  United  Slates  vol- 
unteers; and  served  in  the  Spanish-Amer- 
ican  war. 

Wiley,  John  M.,  merchant,  state  legisla- 
tor. congH'ssMiaii,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1840, 
in  Ireland.  lie  was  a  member  of  the  New 
York  legislature  in  1871-72.  In  1889-91  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- first  con- 
gress  as   a    (jfiiincrat . 

Wiley,  William  Halsted,  solditT,  ])ublisli- 
er,  congressman,  author,  was  born  July 
10.  1842,  in  New,  York  City.  During  th"e 
civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  major.  In 
1903-09  and   1909-11   he  was  a   representa- 


tive from  New  Jersey  to  the  fifty-eighth, 
fifty-iiiiitli  and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a 
republican.  He  is  the  author  of  Yosemite, 
Alaska   and   the   Y'ellowstone. 

Wiley,  William  J.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1808-70  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme   court   of   Louisiana. 

Wilfley,  Lebbeus  Redman,  hiwyer,  jurist, 
was  born  March  30,  1800,  in  Audrain 
county,  Mo.  In  1893-1901  he  was  engaged 
in  the  general  practice  of  law  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  and  since  1900  has  been  judge  of  the 
United   States  court   for  China. 

Wilgus,  Horace  La  Fayette,  educator, 
lawyer,  author,  was  born  April  2,  1859,  in 
Conover,  Ohio.  In  1879-81  he  was  instruc- 
tor in  mathematics  in  the  Ohio  state  uni- 
versity. In  1886-8/  he  practiced  law  in 
Troy,  Ohio;  and  in  1887-95  practiced  law 
in  Colunibus,  Ohio.  Since  1895  he  has 
been  professor  of  law  in  the  university  of 
Michigan.  He  is  the  author  of  United 
States  Steel  Corporation ;  Law  of  Private 
Corporations;  and  A  Proposed  National 
Incorporation   Law. 

Williams,  William  Benjamin,  clergyman, 
liyranist,  author,  was  born  May  28,  1841, 
in  \Vales.  He  has  been  a  pastor  of  churches 
both  in  the  congregational  and  presbyterian 
denominations;  and  is  now  a  presbyterian 
sabbath  school  missionary  in  Tacoma,  Wash. 
He  is  the  author  of  a  number  of  well-known 
hymns,  which  have  been  published  in  Sac- 
red Songs,  Uplifted  Voices,  and  various 
other  standard  works. 

Wilkenson,  J.  Henderson,  lawyer,  scien- 
tist, author,  was  born  Jan.  3,  1832,  in 
Clark  county,  Ohio.  He  is  a  lawyer  by 
profession;  and  in  1856  was  a  delegate  to 
the  first  national  republican  convention 
from  Ohio.  In  1802  he  became  connected 
with  tlie  editorial  staff  of  the  Daily  Na- 
tional Republican  of  Washington,  D.C.  He 
was  in  government  official  life  for  more 
than  twenty  years;  and  in  1875  was  sent 
to  Europe  "by  President  Grant  in  connec- 
tion with  the  funding  loan  of  the  United 
States.  In  1886  he  became  a  fellow  of  the 
American  association  for  the  advancement 
of  science.  He  still  practices  law  in  Wash- 
ington.   D.C. 

Wilkes,  Charles,  naval  otlicer.  author, 
was  born  April  3,  1798,  in  New  York  City. 
Ill  182(i  he  was  conmiissioned  a  lieuten- 
ant; and  in  1830  was 
appointed  to  t  h  e 
charge  of  the  United 
States  department  of 
cliarls  and  instru- 
UHiits.  It  is  said  of 
liini  that  he  was  the 
first  man  in  America 
to  set  up  fixed  as- 
tronomical i  n  s  tru- 
Mients  and  take  ob- 
servations with  them. 
In  1840  he  discov- 
ered Antarctic  conti- 
nent.    November  8.  1861,  he  captured  envoys 


698 


HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Washing- 


Mason  and  Slidell  on  the  British  steamer 
Trent.  He  was  commissioned  rear-admiral 
on  the  retired  list  in  1866.  He  was  the 
author  of  Narrative  of  United  States  Ex- 
ploring Expedition  During  the  Years  1838- 
42;  Western  America;  and  Theory  of  the 
Winds.  He  died  Feb.  8,  1877,  in 
ton,  D.C. 

Wilkes,    George,    journalist,    author,    was 
born  in   1820   in  New  York   City.     He  was 
editor  of  The  Spirit  of  the  Times  in   1850- 
85.     He  was  the  author  of  History  of  Cal- 
ifornia;   Europe    in    a    Hurry;    and    Shake- 
speare  from    an   American   Point    of    ^'iew. 
He  died  Sept.  23,  1885,  in  New  York  City. 
Wilkes,  john  Summerfield,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,    college    president,    was    born   March 
2,   1841,   in   Culleoka,   Tenn.     He   was   edu- 
cated   in    the    Plesant 
Grove    academy ;    and 
at  the   Florence   Wes- 
leyan     university     o  f 
Florence,    Ala.       FI   e 
served  as  a  solditr  in 
the  confederate  army. 
He  has  been  president 
of  the  Citizens  nation- 
al   bank    of    Pulaski, 
Tenn. ;      president     of 
Martin     female      col- 
lege ;    and    treasurer 
of  the  Texas  and  Pa- 
cific railroad.     He  was  associate  justice  of 
the    supreme    court    of   Tennessee    in    1898. 
He  died  Feb.  2.   1908,   in  Pulaski,  Tenn. 

Wilkeson,  Frank,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  March  8,  1848,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  He 
is  a  journalist  of  Hamilton,  Wash.;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Washington  legisla- 
ture in  1896.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Recol- 
lections of  a  Private  Soldier  in  the  Army 
of    tlie    Potomac. 

Wilkeson,  Samuel,  manufacturer,  state 
senator,  jurist,  was  born  in  1781  in  Car- 
lisle, Pa.  He  was  appointed  first  judge 
of  the  Erie  court  of  common  jjleas  in 
1821;  was  elected  to  the  New  York  state 
senate  in  1842,  and  served  in  that  body 
and  in  the  court  for  the  correction  of  er- 
rors for  six  years.  In  1836  he  was  elect- 
ed mayor  of  Buffalo.  He  died  in  July, 
1848,    in   Tennessee. 

Wilkeson,  Samuel  G.,  journalist,  was  born 
I\Iay  9,  1817.  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  He  was 
for  twelve  years  a  staff"  writer  on  the  New 
York  Tribune;  and  its  war  correspondent 
in  the  armj'  of  the  Potomac.  He  was  the 
editor  and  owner  of  the  Buffalo  Democ- 
racy and  of  the  Albany  Evening  Journal, 
having  bought  out  Thurlow  Weed  in  1865. 
He  was  secretary  of  the  Northern  Pacific 
raih'oad  company  since  1869.  He  died 
Dec.    2.    1889.    in  "New   York    City. 

Wilkie,  Francis  Bangs,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  July  2.  1832,  in  West  Charlton, 
N.Y.  In  1864-87  he  was  editorial  writer 
for  the  Chicago  Times.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Petrol ia.  or  the  Oil  Regions  of  the 
United     States     (1865);     Davenport,     Past 


and  Present;  Walks  About  Chicago;  The 
Chicago  Bar;  Great  Inventions  and  Their 
Influence  on  Civilization ;  The  Gambler,  a 
Story  of  Chicago  Life;  Pen  and  Powder; 
and  Personal  Reminiscences.  He  died  Dec. 
12,    1892,   in   Chicago,    111. 

Wilkin,  Jacob  W.,  soldier,  la\vyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  June  7,  1837,  in  Newark, 
Ohio.  He  served  in  the  union  army  in 
1862-65;  becoming  major  of  the  one  hun- 
dred and  thirtieth  regiment  Illinois  vol- 
unteer infantry.  In  1870-88  he  was  cir- 
cuit judge;  and  in  1888  became  associate 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  of  Illi- 
nois. He  died  April  3,  1907,  in  Danville, 
111. 

Wilkin,  James  W.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1762  in  Orange 
covuity,  N.Y".  He  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  New  York  in  1800.  In  1815- 
19  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fourteenth 
and  fifteenth  congresses.  He  died  Feb. 
23.    184.5.    in    Goshen,   N.Y. 

Wilkin,  Samuel  J.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman. Avas  born  in  1790  in  Orange 
county,  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
state  assembly  from  Orange  county  in  1824- 
25.  In  1831-33  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Y'ork  to  the  twenty-second  con- 
gress. He  was  the  whig  candidate  for 
lieutenant-governor  on  the  ticket  with  Mil- 
lard Fillmore.  He  died  March  11,  1866, 
in   (Joshen,   N.Y. 

Wilkins,  Ben  C,  telegraph  manager,  au- 
thor, ])oct,  was  born  in  1849,  in  Fond  du 
Lac.    ^^'is.      For    thirty    years    he    has    been 

connected  with  the 
Western  union  tele- 
graph company  in 
Wisconsin,  Iowa  and 
Dakota,  and  is  now 
telegraph  manager  at 
Ashland,  Wis.  He  is 
the  author  of  a  prose 
work  entitled  Cruise 
of  the  Little  Nan; 
a  volume  of  poems; 
and  the  Song  entitled 
The  New  Little  Baby 
LTpstairs. 

Wilkins,  Beriah,  merchant,  journalist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  July 
10,  184G.  near  Marysville,  Ohio.  He  be- 
came cashier  and 
general  manager  o  f 
the  national  bank  at 
Urichsville,  Ohio.  He 
was  a  member  of  the 
Ohio  state  senate  in 
1879-81;  and  was 
elected  a  representa- 
tive from  Oliio  to  the 
forty-eighth,  forty- 
ninth  a  n  d  fiftieth 
congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  M'as  editor 
and  proprietor  of  the 
Washington,     D.C; 


Washington 


Post     at 


HERRINGSHAWS   J.II5RARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


699 


ami  contributed  to  American  literature. 
He  died  June  7,  1905,  in  Washington.  D.C. 
Wilkins,  John,  pioneer,  was  born  June  1, 
1733,  in  Donegal,  Pa.  In  1776  he  was 
commissioned  a  captain  in  tiie  continen- 
tal service,  and  was  at  Brandywine  and 
Germantown.  He  was  a  member  of  tiie 
Pennsylvania  constitutional  convention  of 
177(i.  In  1873  he  removed  to  rittslmrg; 
was  appointed  one  of  tlie  associate  judges 
of  the  court.  He  served  as  member  of  tlie 
supreme  executive  council  in  1790;  was 
chief  burgess  of  the  borough  of  Pittsburg; 
commissioner  of  public  buildings  and  coun- 
ty treasurer  in  1794-1803.  He  died  Dec. 
11,    1809,   in   Pittsburg,   Pa. 

Wilkins,  John  A.,  soldier,  physician,  sur- 
geon, state  senator,  was  born  ■May  1.  184.3, 
in  New  York  Citj-.  He  was  educated  at 
Denison  university;  and  graduated  from 
Starling  medical  college  of  Columbus,  Ohio. 
In  18G1-G5  he  served  in  the  Ohio  volun- 
teers; and  is  a  prominent  member  ol'  the 
grand  army  of  the  republic.  In  1880-81 
he  served  as  a  member  of  the  Ohio  state 
senate ;  and  has  been  a  member  of  the 
board  of  elections  and  the  Ohio  board  of 
pardons.  In  1897  he  was  medical  director 
for  the  department  of  Ohio;  and  in  lUOO 
was  surgeon-general  of  the  grand  army  of 
tiie  republic.  He  lias  attained  success  in 
medicine  and  surgery  at  Helta,  Ohio;  and 
is  a  member  of  the  American  medical  as- 
sociation, the  Ohio  state  medical  society 
and    of    various   other   organizations. 

Wilkins,  John  Hubbard,  litterateur,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  in  17U4  in  New  Hampshire. 
He  was  the  author  of  Elements  of  Astron- 
omy.    He  died   in    1861    in   J3oston,  Mass. 

Wilkins,  Ross,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  February,  1799,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  In 
1832-37  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  territory  of  Michigan. 
He  was  a  federal  judge  for  the  territory  of 
.Michigan  ;  and  in  1837  was  appointed  a 
regent  of  the  state  university,  lie  i)resided 
over  the  first  war  meeting  held  in  Detroit 
after  the  commencement  of  the  civil  war. 
He  was  for  a  great  many  years  a  ciroiit 
judge,  renmiiiin'g  in  office  until  1870.  lie 
died   May  17.   1872,  in  Detroit,  Midi. 

Wilkins,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  diplomat, 
congressman,  was  Ijorn  Dec.  20,  1779,  in 
Carlisle,  Pa.  In  1831-35  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Pennsylvaiua.  He  was 
ai)pointed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Russia 
in  1834  ;  and  in  1843-45  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  tiie  twenty-eif;htli  congress.  In 
1844-45  lie  was  secretary  of  war;  and  siib- 
secpiently  district  judge  of  the  United 
States  district  court  for  tiie  western  Penn- 
sylvania. He  died  June  23.  1865,  near  Pitts- 
burgh,  Pa. 

Wilkinson,  Florence,  author,  poet,  was 
born  in  Tarrylown,  X.V.  Slie  is  the  author 
of  The  Lady  of  the  Flag  Flowers;  The  Mar- 
ria'-'e  of  Ouiiieth  :  The  Far  Country,  poems; 
and  the  ])lays  The  Marriage  of  Guinetli  ;  and 
Two  Is  Company. 


Wilkinson,  James,  soldier,  governor,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1757  near  Benedict,  Md. 
He  was  governor  of  Louisiana  territory  in 
1805-07.  He  was  general-in-chief  of  the 
army,  being  the  seventh  commander  of  the 
United  States  army.  He  remained  at  the 
head  of  the  southern  department  until  1811 ; 
and  in  1812  was  appointed  brevet  m.ijor-gen- 
eral.  In  1813  he  became  major-general. 
After  the  war  he  removed  to  Mexico,  where 
he  purchased  large  estates.  lie  was  the  au- 
thor of  Memories  of  My  Own  Times.  He 
died  Dec.  28,  1825,  near  the  City  of  Mexico. 
Wilkinson,  James  Simon,  poet,  was  born 
Feb.  8,  1876,  in  Oneida,  Kan.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  Hours  in 
Dreamland.  ■ 

Wilkinson,  Jasper  Newton,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1851,  in 
Vinton  county,  Ohio.  Since  1867  he  has  been 
engaged  in  educational  work.  In  1884-1901 
he  was  training  teacher  at  the  Kansas  state 
normal  school ;  and  since  1901  has  been  pres- 
ident of  that  institution.  In  1889  he  was 
president  of  the  Kansas  state  teachers'  asso- 
ciation. 

Wilkinson,  Jemima,  religious  impostor, 
was  born  in  1753  in  (Cumberland,  K.I.  She 
professed  to  be  endowed  with  the  power  of 
Christ ;  and  alleged  that  she  could  work 
miracles.  She  removed  with  a  few  prose- 
lytes to  Crooked  Lake  in  New  York.  She 
died  July  1.  1819,  in  Jerusalem,  N.Y. 

Wilkinson,  Jesse,  naval  officer,  was  born 
in  1700,  in  Virginia.  During  the  war  of 
181"^;  he  commanded  the  schooner  Hornet. 
In  1S48-4!)  he  was  commotlorc  commanding 
the  West  India  squadron  in  the  flag-ship 
"Raritan."  After  this  he  served  on  boards 
i'ud  courts-martial.  He  died  May  22,  1861, 
in    Noifolk,    y^. 

Wilkinson,  John,  naval  officer,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  6,  1821,  in  Norfolk,  Va.  He 
was  a  confederate  naval  officer.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Narrative  of  a  Blockade  Kun- 
iier.  lie  died  Dec.  29.  1891,  in  Annapolis, 
Md. 

Wilkinson,  John  Miles,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, was  born  Dec.  5,  1853.  in  Toronto, 
Canada.  He  graduated  in  arts  from  the  To- 
ronto university;  was  valedictorian  and  won 
the  prize  in  elocution  and  oratory.  For  three 
years  he  was  ])astor  of  the  Agnes  street 
niethodist  church  of  -Toronto.  Canada,  and 
siil)se(piently  organized  lh(>  Peo(»l(^'s  taber- 
nacle of  that  city.  lie  is  now  the  well 
known  clergyman  of  the  methodist  episcopal 
church  of  St.  Peter.  Minn.  As  an  orator  and 
lecturer  he  lias  attained  a  wide  rei)iitation. 
Wilkinson,  Morton  Smith,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman. United  States  senator,  was  born 
Jan.  22,  1819.  in  Skaneateles,  N.Y.  In  1847 
he  settled  in  ^linnesota  ;  and  in  1849.  when 
that  territory  was  organized,  was  elected  to 
the  legislature;  and  the  laws  adojited  by  the 
territory  as  its  code  were  of  his  draughting. 
In  1859-65  he  was  United  States  senator 
from  Minnesota.  In  1869-71  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Minnesota  to  the  forty-first 


roo 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


congress.     He   died   Feb.   4,    1894,    in   Wells, 
Minnesota. 

Wilkinson,  Theodore  Stark,  planter,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Dec.  18,  1847,  in  Plaque- 
mines parish.  La.  He  was  a  member  and 
president  of  the  board  of  levee  commission- 
ers for  the  third  levee  district.  In  1887-91  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fiftieth  and  fifty- 
first  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1893-98 
he  was  collector  of  port  of  New  Orleans. 

Wilkinson,  William,  educator,  govern- 
ment official,  was  born  in  1760  in  Thompson, 
Conn.  For  eleven  years  he  was  principal  of 
Brown  college  university  grammar  school. 
He  was  postmaster  of  Providence,  R.I. ;  and 
for  many  years  was  engaged  in  the  binding, 
printing  and  selling  of  books  in  that  city.  He 
died   May  16,   1852,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Wilkinson,  William  Cleaver,  educator, 
clergyman,  author,  was  born  Oct.  19,  1833, 
in  Westford,  Vt.  In  1857  he  graduated  from 
the  university  of  Rochester;  and  in  1859 
grnduated  from  the  Rochester  theological 
seminary:  nnd  has  received  the  honorary  de- 
grees of  A.M.,  D.D.,  and  LL.D.  In  1859  he 
was  ordained  to  the  ministry ;  in  1859-61 
filled  a  pastorate  in  New  Haven,  Conn  ;  and 
was  pastor  of  the  Mount  Auburn  baptist 
church  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  In  1863-64  he 
was  a  professor  in  the  university  oC  Roches- 
ter; and  in  1872-81  was  professor  of  homi- 
letics  and  pastoral  theology  4n  the  Roches- 
ter theological  seminary.  In  1873-92  he  was 
engaged  in  literary  work.  Since  1902  he  has 
been  professor  of  poetry  and  criticism  in  the 
university  of  Chicago;  and  adjunct  lecturer 
in  Baylor  university.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Baptist  Principle  ;  Poems  ;  several  works 
on  English  and  Latin ;  The  Epic  of  Saul ; 
the  Epic  of  Paul ;  the  Epic  of  Moses ;  and 
Poetical  Works. 

Will,  Allen  Sinclair,  educator,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  July  28,  1868,  in  Antioch. 
Va.    He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 

of  Maryland  and  Vir- 
ginia ;  and  at  St. 
John's  college  of  Ann- 
apolis, Md.,  where  he 
received  the  honorary 
degree  of  A.M.  He 
taught  in  the  public 
schools  of  Virginia ; 
and  s  u  b  s  e  q  u  e  n  t  ly 
taught  in  a  private 
school  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  Since  1888  he  has 
been  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism ;  and  since 
1889  has  been  with  the  Baltimore  Sun,  filling 
the  position  of  city  editor  since  1905.  In 
1896-1905  he  was  engaged  as  a  telegraph 
operator.  He  is  the  author  of  World  Crisis 
in  China;  and  various  Monographs  on  Mary- 
land and  Virginia  history. 

Will,  Arthur  Percival,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  1868  in  Canada.  He  is  the 
author  of  A  Treatise  on  the  Law  of  Cir- 
cumstantial Evidence. 


Will,  Thomas  Elmer,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Nov.  II,  I86I,  in  Stone's 
Prairie,  111.  In  1897-99  he  Avas  president  of 
the  Kansas  state  agricultural  college  of 
^lanhattan.  Since  1906  he  has  been  sec- 
retary of  the  American  forestry  association; 
and  since  1907  has  been  editor  of  Forestry 
and    Irrigation. 

Willard,  AUie  Capitola,  journalist,  tem- 
perance worker,  was  born  April  13,  1860, 
near   Nauvoo,   111.     For  five  years   she  was 

postmaster  of  Loup 
City,  Neb.;  and  in 
1889  was  a  clerk  in 
the  Nebraska  senate. 
She  then  engaged  in 
journalistic  work,  and 
in  1893  went  to 
Europe  for  study  and 
travel.  For  eighteen 
months  she  was  man- 
ager of  the  business 
i  office  of  Lady  Henry 
■'  Somerset's  newspaper, 
The  Woman's  Signal, 
at  Memorial  Mall,  London,  England;  in 
which  city  she  also  edited  for  a  year  The 
Woman's  Signal  Budget,  the  organ  of  the 
British  Women's  temperance  association. 

Willard,  Ashbel  P.,  governor,  was  born 
in  Vernon,  N.Y.  He  was  the  tenth  governor 
of  Indiana  in  1857-60.  He  died  in  1861,  in 
Indiana. 

Willard,  Ashton  Rollins,  author,  was  born 
April  14,  1858,  in  Montpelier,  Vt.  He  is 
a  resident  of  Boston.  He  is  the  author  of 
A  Sketch  of  the  Life  and  Work  of  the 
Painter  Domcnico  Morelli;  A  History  of 
I\Iodern  Italian  Art;  and  Land  of  the  Latins. 
Willard,  Charles  Andrew,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  May  21,  1857,  in  St.  Johnsbury, 
Vt.  He  has  practiced  law  in  St.  Johns- 
bury,  Vt. ;  and  in  St.  Paul  and  Minneapo- 
lis, Minn.  In  1887-1901  he  was  a  lecturer 
on  the  laAv  of  bailments  at  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  university  of  Minnesota.  In 
1901-04  and  since  1905  he  has  been  an  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
Philippine   Islands. 

Willard,  Charles  W.,  lawyer,  journalist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  June 
18,  1827,  in  Lyndon,  Vt.  He  was  elected 
secretary  of  state  in  1855  and  declined  a 
re-election.  He  was  elected  a  state  sena- 
tor in  1860;  and  in  1861  became  the  edi- 
tor of  the  Green  Mountain  Freeman.  In 
1860-75  he  was  a  representative  from  Ver- 
mont to  the  forty-first  forty-second  and 
forty-third  congresses.  He  died  June  8, 
1880,  in  Vermont. 

Willard,  De  Forest,  surgeon,  orthopaedist, 
author,  was  born  ^March  23,  1846,  in  New- 
ington,  Conn.  In  1867  he  graduated  from 
the  university  of  Pennsylvania;  and  has 
received  the  degrees  of  M.D.,  Ph.D.  and  A.M. 
During  the  civil  war  he  served  in  front  of 
Petersburg   under   the   United   States   sani- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


701 


tary  commission.  In  1876  he  was  attend- 
ing physician  to  the  United  States  centen- 
nial exposition.  For  thirty-seven  years  he 
tauglit  in  the  university  of  Pennsylvania; 
and  was  professor  of  orthopaidic  surgery 
in  tliat  institution.  For  many  years  he  de- 
voted himself  to  general  and  orthopaedic 
surgical  work.  lie  was  surgeon  to  the  pres- 
byterian  hospital;  and  consulting  surgeon 
to  the  Germantown,  Jewish,  Phoenixville 
and  Atlantic  City  hospitals.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  American  surgical  association; 
president  of  tlie  American  orthopaedic  asso- 
ciation; president  of  the  Philadelphia  acad- 
emy of  surgery;  president  of  the  Pliiladel- 
pliia  county  medical  society;  and  chairman 
of  the  surgical  section  of  the  American 
medical  association.  He  was  the  author  of 
Artificial  Anesthesia;  and  numerous  articles 
upon    medical    subjects.      He    died   in    1910. 

Willard,  Mrs.  Emma  Hart,  educator, 
founder,  author,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  23, 
1787,  in  T?erlin,  Conn.  In  1819  she  es- 
tablislied  a  woman's  school  in  Waterfoi-d, 
Conn.,  partially  under  state  patronage;  and 
thereby  laid  the  foundation  upon  which 
every  woman's  college  or  co-educational  col- 
lege may  be  said  to  rest.  In  1822  she  estab- 
lisliod  Troy  seminary,  which  is  still  one 
ot  tlie  foremost  institutions  of  its  kind  in 
America,  ohe  was  the  author  of  Journal 
and  Letters  from  France  and  Great  Britain; 
History  of  the  United  States;  Universal 
History  in  Perspective;  Treatise  on  the 
Circulation  of  the  Blood;  Last  Leaves  of 
American  History;  and  Poems.  She  wrote 
the  well-known  poem.  Rocked  in  the  Cradle 
of  the  Deep.  Slie  died  April  15,  1870,  in 
Troy.   X.Y. 

Willard,  Frances  Elizabeth,  temperance 
reformer,  aiitlior.  was  born  Sept.  2S.  1839, 
near   Rochester,  N.Y.     In    1871   she   became 

^^^^__^^___ president     of     Evans- 

^^P^^^9^R||^m  college ; 

^^f  ^^^^^^^^H  to 

H[^^^^^^^^^^|  Chris- 

^F  ^%^^^^^^^^|  ^  '^^  P  *'              ^ 

L^           ^^^^^^H  union.      In     1879    she 

E^               ^^^^^k  "^^^  elected  president, 

I                  ^^^^^H  which      ]iosition      she 

^^         ^^^H  ""^''  death. 

^^K'  ^^^H      In   the  cause  of  tem- 

^|V  perancc     she     visited 

^^^  every    state    and    ter- 

: j-^^ial  -^-      ritory    in   the    United 

States,  and  visited 
Europe.  She  was  the  author  of  eight  vol- 
umes, of  which  the  chief  are  Nineteen 
Beautiful  Years;  Woman  and  Temperance; 
(Mimpscs  of  Fifty  Years:  How  to  Win;  Wo- 
man in  the  Pulpit;  and  A  Great  Mother. 
S.ir  died  Feb.  18,  1898,  in  New  York  City. 
Willard,  George,  journalist,  educator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Mareh  20,  1824.  in  Bol- 
ton. \'t.  H(!  was  for  two  years  a  professor 
in  Kalamazoo  college,  Mich.;  and  is  editor 
and  publisher  of  the  Battle  Creek  Journal. 
In  lS7.'J-77  he  was  a  representative  from 
^lichigan  to  the  forty-third  and  forty-fourth 


congresses  as  a  republican.    He  died  March 
26,   1901,   in   Battle   Creek,  Mich. 

Willard,  Henry  Augustus,  business  pres- 
ident, founder,  was  born  May  14,  1822,  in 
W  estminster,  Vt.  In  1847  he  became  man- 
ager of  the  Old  city  hotel  of  Washington, 
iJ.C,  which  was  changed  to  Willard's 
liotel.  He  was  active  in  building  opera- 
tions ana  erected  the  Willard  building,  a 
large  modern  office  structure.  For  eleven 
years  he  was  president  of  the  Columbia  fire 
insurance  company;  was  president  of  the 
Columbia  railroad  company;  and  has  been 
vice-president  and  director  in  various  other 
corporations  of  Washington,  D.C. 

Willard,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
^lay  20,  1792,  in  Guilford,  Conn.  He  was  an 
eminent  jurist  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  Equity  Jurisprudence; 
Treatise  on  Executors,  Administrators,  and 
Guardians;  and  Real  Estate  and  Convey- 
ancing. He  died  Aug.  31,  1862,  in  Sara- 
toga Springs,  N.Y. 

Willard,  John  Dwight,  lawyer,  jurist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  4,  1799,  in  Lancaster, 
N.Y.  He  was  editor  of  the  Troy  Sentinel 
for  a  number  of  years.  He  served  as  a 
state  senator;  and  as  judge  of  the  New 
York  circuit  court.  He  was  the  author  of 
Treatise  on  Equity  Jurisprudence;  Law 
of  Real  Estate;  and  other  works.  He  left 
ten  "thousand  dollars  to  Dartmouth  college, 
from  wliieli  he  graduated  in  1819.  He  died 
Oct.  16,  1864,  in  Troy,  N.Y. 

Willard,  Joseph,  clergyman,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Jan.  9,  1738,  in  Biddeford, 
.daine.  In  1781-1804  he  was  president  of 
Harvard  college.  He  died  Sept.  25,  1804, 
in   Xortli   Bedford,  Mass. 

Willard,  Joseph,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
March  14,  1798,  in  Cambridge,  Mass.  He 
was  a  successful  lawyer  of  Boston,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  a  History  of  Lan- 
caster; A  Family  Genealogy;  and  other 
works.  He  died  May  12,  1865,  in  Boston, 
IMass. 

Willard,  Joseph  Clapp,  was  born  Nov.  11, 
1S20,  at  Westminster,  Vt.  Returning  from 
California    after   a   successful   career   finan- 

^ cially,    lie    decided    to 

I  .  locate  in  Washington, 

D.C,  then  scarcely 
more  than  an  infant 
city.  He  there  asso- 
*•  elated     liimself     with 

his     brothers,     Edwin 
Dorr   and  Henry   Au- 
gustus,    in     Willard's 
V  hotel,     originally 

^^'■^"■^  ^'  ^  known    as    Fuller's* 

City  hotel.  After 
having  been  for  years 
identified  with  Wil- 
l:ir<rs  hotel,  lie  became  in  ],S92  sole  owner 
«>l  the  property.  It  is  the  best  known 
liotel  in  the  United  States.  He  died  Jan. 
17.    1S97.    in    \\'ashington.    D.C. 

Willard,  Joseph  Augustus,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, WHS  born  Sept.  29,  1S16,  in  Cambridge, 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Mass.  He  is  a  clerk  of  the  superior  court 
of  Massachusetts  for  Sufi'olk  county  from 
1865.  His  connection  with  courts  of  jus- 
tice began  in  184G.  He  is  the  author  of 
Half  a  Centui_y  with  Judges  and  Lawyers. 
Willard,  Josiah,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
May  1,  1681,  in  Massachusetts.  He  was 
secretary  of  Massachusetts  in  1717-56,  be- 
ing known  as  the  good  secretary.  He  was 
judge  of  probate  in  1731;  and  a  member  of 
the  council  in  1734.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1756, 
in  Newport,  R.l. 

Willard,  Josiah  Flynt,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  23,  1869,  in  Appleton,  Wis. 
He  was  the  author  of  Tramping  witli 
Tramps;  Powers  That  Prey;  and  Notes 
of  an  Itinerant  Policeman.  He  died  Jan. 
20,    1!I07,   in   Cliieago,   111. 

Willard,  Julius  Terrass,  cliemist,  author, 
Avas  born  April  0.  1862,  in  Wabaunsee, 
Kan.      He    was    educated    in    the    common 

schools;  graduated 
from  the  Kansas 
state  agricultural  col- 
lege where  he  re- 
ceived the  degrees  of 
M.S.;  and  in  1887-88 
studied  in  Johns  Hop- 
kins university.  In 
1883-87  he  was  an  as- 
sistant in  chemistry; 
in  1891-96  was  an  as- 
sistant professor  of 
chemistry;  in  1896-97 
was  an  associate  pra- 
in  1897-1901  was  pro- 
chemistry;     and     since 


fessor  of  chemistry; 
fessor'   of     applied 


1901  lias  been  professor  of  chemistry  in 
tile  Kansas  state  agricultural  college.  In 
1888-97  he  was  an  assistant  in  chemistry; 
and  since  1897  has  been  chemist  of  the 
agricultural  experimental  station.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  American  chemical  society; 
and  a  fellow  of  the  American  association 
for  the  advancement  of  science.  He  is  the 
author  of  Organic  Compounds  of  Every 
Day   Life. 

Willard,  Samuel,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident, author,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1640,  in 
Concord,  Mass.  He  was  a  congregational 
clergyman  of  Boston;  and  president  of 
Harvard  university  in  1701-07.  He  was  the 
author  of  A  Complete  Body  of  Divinity; 
Peril  of  the  Times  Displayed;  Covenant- 
Keeping  the  Way  to  Blessedness;  and  Ne 
Sutor  Ultra  Crepidam.  He  died  Sept.  12, 
1707,   in    Boston,   Mass. 

Willard,  Simon,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
was  born  in  April,  1605,  in  England.  He 
»was  a  fouiultrr  of  Concord;  and  represented 
it  in  the  legislature  in  1636-.54;  and  was 
assistant  and  councilor  in  1654-76.  He 
became  a  magistrate  and  died  while  holding 
a  court  in  Charlestown.  He  died  April  24, 
1676,    in    Charlestown,    Mass. 

Willard,  Simon,  watchmaker,  was  born 
Jan.  9,  1795,  in  Roxbury,  Mass.  After 
learning  the  methods  of  constructing  chro- 
nometers, he  established  himself  in  business. 


was    born   June    19,    1825,   in   Wilton, 
He  was   an  Albany  physician ;    sur- 


in  Boston,  Mass.;  and  occupied  the  same 
premises  forty-two  years.  He  constructed 
an  astronomical  clock  that  was  for  forty 
years  the  standard  in  liis  part  of  the  city. 
He    died   Aug.    24,    1874,    in    Boston,   Mass. 

Willard,  Solomon,  designei^  architect,  was 
born  June  26,  1873,  in  Petersham,  Mass. 
In  1825  he  was  cliosen  architect  and  superin- 
tendent of  Bunker  Hill  monument.  He  was 
engaged  on  this  work  for  the  subsequent 
seventeen  years.  He  died  Feb.  27,  1862,  in 
Quincj^,  Ma.-S. 

Willard,  Sydney,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  19,  1780,  in  Beverly,  Mass.  He 
was  a  professor  of  Hebrew  at  Harvard 
university  in  1801-31.  He  was  the  author 
of  Hebrew  Grammar;  and  Memories  of 
Youth  and  Manhood.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1856, 
in   Cambridge,  Mass. 

Willard,  Sylvester  David,  physician,  au- 
thor. 
Conn. 

gcon -general  of  New  York  at  the  time  of 
his  death.  The  Willard  asylum  for  the  in- 
sane was  named  for  him.  He  was  the 
author  of  Biographica'l  Memoirs  of  Physi- 
cians of  Albany  County;  and  Annals  of  the 
Albany  County  Medical  Society.  He  died 
Aprir2.    1865,"  in   Albany,   N.Y. 

Willcox,  Albert  Oliver,  merchant,  found- 
er, was  born  May  10,  1810,  in  New  Y'ork 
City.  In  1844  he  Avas  among  the  founders 
of  -the  National  Era  of  Washington,  D.C. 
He  was  engaged  for  many  years  before 
tiie  war  in  extending  the  earliest  mercantile 
agency;  was  in  the  dry-goods  business;  and 
has  since  followed  the  insurance  business 
in  New  York  City.  He  has  also  devoted 
himself  to  the  public  advocacy  of  woman 
suffrage. 

Willcox,  Mary  Alice,  zoologist,  author, 
was  born  April  24,  1856,  in  Kennebunk, 
Maine.  Since  1883  she  has  been  professor 
of  zoology  in  Wellesley  college.  She  is  the 
autiior  of  Pocket  Guide.  She  is  the  author 
of  Pocket  Guide  to  Common  Land  Birds  of 
New   England. 

Willcox,  Walter  Francis,  educator,  statis- 
tician, author,  was  born  March  22,  1861, 
in   Reading,   Mass.     In    1880   he   graduated 

from  the  Phillips  Ex- 
eter academy  of  An- 
dover,  Mass.;  in  1884 
graduated  from  Am- 
herst college  as  A.B. 
receiving  the  honor- 
ary degrees  of  A.M. 
in' 1888.  and  LL.D.  in 
1906.  He  received  LL. 
B.  from  the  Colum- 
bia law  sciiool  and 
Ph.D.  from  the  Co- 
lumbia school  of  po- 
litical science.  Since 
1891  lie  lias  been  at  Cornell  university;  in 
1902-07  was  dean  of  the  college  of  arts  and 
sciences;  and  is  now  professor  of  jiolitical 
economy    and    statistics.      In    1899-1902    ho 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


703 


was   made   governor   of   the   Soldiers 
of  Wasliington.  D.C. 


was  chief  statistician  of  the  twelfth  United 
States  census;  and  in  1899-1900  was  an 
expert  for  the  war  department  upon  cen- 
suses of  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Divorce  Problem,  a  Study  in 
Statistics:  and  Supplementary  Analysis  and 
Derivative  Tables,  Twelfth  Census. 

Willcox,  Orlando  Bolivar,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  April  10,  1S23,  in  Detroit,  jNlich. 
He  served  throughout  the  Mexican  and 
civil  wars;  and  was  brevetted  major-general 
of  volunteers  in  1805.  In  1886  he  was  pro- 
moted to  brigadier-general  of  the  regular 
army;  and  was  retired  in  1887.     In  1888  he 

home 
He  was  the  author  of 
Shoepac-k  Keeoilections;  and  Faca,  an  Army 
Memoir.  He  died  May  10,  1907,  in  Wash- 
ington. D.C. 

-  Willcox,  Washington  F.,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Killingworth,  Conn.     He 

was  a  member  of  the 
Connecticut  house  of 
represent  a  t  i  v  e  s  in 
1802-03;  and  of  the 
state  senate  in  1875- 
7G.  He  was  state  at- 
torney in  1875-83.  In 
1887-93  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fif- 
tieth, fifty-first  and 
lifty-second  congress- 
es as  a  democrat.  In 
1897  he  was  appoint- 
ed railroad  commis- 
sioner; and  was  elected  by  his  associates 
chairman   of  the  board. 

Willcox,  William  R.,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  April  11,  1863,  in  Smyrna,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  at  the  state  normal  school 
at  Brockport,  N.Y. ;  and  at  the  university 
of  Rochester.  He  is  a  lawj'er  by  profes- 
sion; and  in  1901-03  was  president  of  the 
park  board  of  New  York  City.  In  1905- 
07  he  was  postnnister  of  New  York  City; 
and  since  1907  has  been  chairman  of  the 
jiublic    utilities    commission    of   New    York. 

Willers,  Diedrich,  soldier,  clergyman,  was 
born  Feb.  (i,  1798,  in  (lermany.  For  five 
years  he  served  in  the  German  army;  and 
was  at  the  battle  of  Waterloo  with  tlie 
allied  army  umler  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
ton. In  1819  lie  emigrated  to  the  L'liitcd 
States;  and  was  ordained  a  clergyman  in 
1821.  For  sixty  years  he  was  pastor  of 
the  German  reformed  church.  He  stood 
high  in  his  reiigious  ih-nomination.  and 
frefpieiitlv  presided  over  its  svnods.  lie 
.lie.l   May   13.   18S3.  in    \  arick,  N.Y. 

Willers,  Diedrich,  educator,  lawyer,  au- 
tli(»r.  was  lioiii  Nov.  3.  1S33.  in  Varick, 
N.Y.  He  was  educated  principally  in  tlur 
public  .schools  and  under  the  direction  of 
iiis  father.  In  Ins  youtn  ne  taugl.i  school 
for  several  years,  and  afterward  gradnate(l 
from  the  Albany  law  school,  and  was  a<l- 
mitted  to  the  bar.  In  1864  he  served  as 
private  secretary  to  Governor  Horatio  Sey- 


mour; was  elected  supervisor  of  \  arick  in 
1805-06.  For  six  years  he  was  clerk  in 
the  oHicc  of  the  secretar}-  of  state  of  Al- 
bany; was  eight  years  a  deputy;  and  for 
two  years  served  as  secretary  of  state. 
In  1878  he  was  a  member  of  the  assembly 
of  the  New  York  state  legislature.  He 
(lied  .June  24.  1908,  in  Varick,  N.Y. 

Willets,  Gilson,  journalist,  traveler,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  10,  1870,  in  Hempstead, 
N.Y.  He  has  been  war  correspondent  in 
Cuba;  and  traveled  one  tliousand  miles 
tlirough  the  famine  districts  of  India  for 
the  Christian  Herald,  -tie  is  the  author 
of  Tile  Triumph  of  Y'ankee  Doodle;  The 
Rulers  of  tlie  World  at  Home;  and  other 
works. 

Willets,  Samuel,  merchant,  banker,  was 
born  Jan.  15,  1795,  in  Westbury,  N.Y.  In 
1810  he  was  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits. For  thirty-five  j-ears  he  was  a  di- 
rector of  the  American  exchange  bank ; 
and  at  one  time  was  its  president.  He  was 
president  of  the  Williamsburgh  gas  com- 
pany; and  vice-president  of  the  Stuyvesant 
insurance  company.  He  died  Feb.  0,  1883, 
in   New   York   City. 

Willett,  Charles  Joseph,  educator,  lawyer, 
regent,  was  born  June  5,  1849,  in  Essex, 
N.Y.  In  1883-91  he  was  regent  of  the 
university  of  Michigan.  Since  1892  he  has 
practiced  law  in  Pasadena,  Cal.;  is  a  di- 
rector and  attorney  of  the  Pasadena  na- 
tional bank;  in  1890-1903  was  president 
of  the  board  of  education  of  the  Pasa- 
dena public  schools;  and  in  1901-05  was 
city    attorney. 

Willett,  Francis,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1755- 
50  he  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court   of  Rhode   Island. 

Willett,  Herbert  Lockwood,  educator,  lec- 
turer, clergyman,  author,  was  born  ^lay 
5,  1864,  in"  Ionia,  Mich.  Since  1890  he 
luis  been  an  assistant  professor  of  Semitic 
languages  and  literatures  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Chicago.  He  is  a  clergjman  of 
the  Disciples  of  Christ.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Ruling  Quality;  Plea  for  I'liion; 
and    Basic    Truths   of    the    Christian    Faith. 

Willett,  Joseph  Edgerton,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1820,  in 
^lacon,  (ia.  Since  1849  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  natural  science  in  Mercer  uni- 
versity of  Macon,  Ga.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Wonders  of  Insect  Life.  He  died  in 
1897    in    Macon,   Ga. 

Willett,  Marinus,  soldier,  was  born  July 
31,  1740,  in  Jamaica,  N.Y.  He  served 
through  the  revolutionary  war;  and  in 
1792  was  a|)|)ointed  a  brigadier-general  in 
lS(t7  he  was  mayor  of  New  ^■ork  Cily.  lie 
was  the  author  of  an  .Autobiographv.  lie 
.ii.'d    Aug.   22.    18.30,   in   New   York   City. 

Willett,  Thomas,  niorchant,  patriot,  was 
liorn  in  1011  in  hlngland.  In  1051  he  be- 
came a  magistrate  of  Plymouth  colony. 
Me  was  the  first  to  inform  Peter  Stuyves- 
ant. of  the  coining  of  a  hostile  English 
fleet    in    1064.      In    1005    he   was   aiipointed 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


the  first  mayor  of  New  York.  He  died 
Aug.    4,    1674,   in   Barrington,   R.I. 

Willett,  William,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  27,  1869,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.;  and  received  the  degree 
of  LL.B.  from  the  university  of  the  city 
of  New  York.  Since  1896  he  has  been 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  and  is  a 
director  of  several  land  companies.  In 
1907-11  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  sixtieth  and  sixty-first  con- 
gresses   as    a    democrat. 

Willett,  William  Marinus,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  3,  1803,  in  New  York 
City.  In  1843  he  founded  the  biblical  in- 
stitute of  Newbury,  Vt. ;  and  was  presi- 
dent until  1848.  He  was  the  author  of 
Scenes  in  the  Wilderness;  A  New  Life  of 
Summerfield;  Life  and  Times  of  Herod 
the  Great;  Herod  Antipas;  The  Messiah; 
and  The  Restitution  of  All  Things.  He 
died  Dec.   8,   1895,   in  Jersey   City,  N.,1. 

Willetts,  Deborah,  grammarian,  was  born 
in  1789  in  Marshfield,  Mass.  She  was  a 
skilful  grammarian;  and  was  often  con- 
sulted on  difficult  questions  by  Goold 
Brown,  who  in  the  preface  of  his  celebrat- 
ed grammar,  acknowledged  his  indebted- 
ness to  her.  She  died  in  1880  near  Me- 
chanic,   N.Y. 

Willetts,  Jacob,  educator,  mathematician, 
was  born  in  1785  in  Fislikill,  N.Y.  He  was 
an  accomplished  mathematician;  and  pub- 
lished text-books  of  geography,  arithmetic, 
and  bookkeeping,  which  were  much  used 
throughout  the  world.  He  died  Sept.  12, 
1860,   near  Mechanic,  N.Y. 

Willey,  Austin,  clergyman,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  24,  1806.  in  Camp- 
ton,  N.H.  He  was  a  congregational  cler- 
gyman of  Maine;  long  prominent  as  an 
abolitionist;  and  editor  of  The  Advocate 
of  Freedom  in  1839-58.  After  the  latter 
date  he  lived  at  Northfield,  ]\linn.  He 
was  the  author  of  Family  Memorial;  and 
History  of  the  Anti-Slavery  Cause  in  State 
and  Nation.  He  died  March  28,  1896,  in 
Northfield,   Minn. 

Willey,  Benjamin  Glazier,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Feb.  1,  1796,  in  Conway, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  congregational  clergj-man 
of  New  Hampshire.  He  was  the  author  of 
History  of  the  White  Mountains.  He  d  ed 
April  17,  1867,  in  East  Summer,  Maine. 
Willey,  Calvin,  lawyer,  jurist.  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Sept.  15,  1776,  in 
East  Haddam,  Conn.  He  served  in  the 
Connecticut  state  legislature  and  senate  a 
number  of  years ;  and  was  postmaster  at 
Stafford  Springs  eight  years.  He  was  a 
judge  of  probate  for  seven  years;  and  in 
1824  was  a  presidential  elector.  In  1825- 
31  he  was  LTnited  States  senator.  He  died 
Aug.   23,   1858,   in   StaiTord,  Conn. 

Willey,  Henry,  lawyer,  journalist,  botan- 
ist, author,  was  born  July  19,  1842,  in 
Goiieseo,  N.Y.  In  1856-1900  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  editorial  staff  of  a  newspaper  in 


New  Bedford,  Mass.  He  was  a  national  au- 
thority on  lichens.  He  was  the  author  of 
List  of  North  American  Lichens  ;  Introduc- 
tion to  the  Study  of  Lichens ;  and  Synopsis 
of  the  Genus  Arthonia.  He  died  in  1907  in 
Weymouth,   Mass. 

Willey,  Norman  Bushnell,  miner,  governor, 
was  born  March  25,  1838,  in  Guilford,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  successful  miner.  In  1890-93  he 
was  the  first  governor  of  Idaho,  filling  a 
vacancy. 

Willey,  Waitman  Thomas,  lawyer,  lec- 
turer, United  States  senator,  was  born  Oct. 
18,  1811,  in  Monongalia,  W.  A^a.  In  1861-71 
he  was  United  States  senator ;  and  at  the 
close  of  that  year  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Wheeling  constitutional  convention.  He  was 
United  States  senator  from  West  Virginia 
in  1863-71.  He  died  in  1900  in  Wheeling,  W. 
Va. 

William,  John  Irving,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, was  born  May  11,  1824,  in  France. 
In  1846  he  started  the  great  mills  of  the 
Kittanniug  iron  company  of  Kittanning,  Pa. 
In  1852  he  operated  the  mills  at  Hanging 
Rock,  Ohio.  He  was  the  inventor  of  many 
improvements  for  the  perfecting  and  manu- 
facture of  iron. 

Williams,  Abram  Pease,  agriculturist, 
merchant,  United  States  senator,  was  born 
Feb.  3,  1832,  near  Portland,  Maine.  In  1861 
he  moved  to  San  Francisco ;  and  is  an  im- 
porter, stock  raiser  and  farmer.  He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  San  Francisco  board 
of  trade,  and  its  first  president ;  and  is  a 
member-  of  the  San  Francisco  chamber  of 
commerce.  He  was  elected  United  States 
senator  in  1886  to  fill  a  vacancy  and  served 
until   18'87. 

Williams,  Alfred  Mason,  journalist,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  in  1840  in  Massachu- 
setts. He  was  editor  of  The  Providence 
Journal.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Poets 
and  Poetry  of  Ireland ;  Studies  in  Folk- 
Song  and  Popular  Poetry  ;  aud  Sam  Hous- 
ton and  the  War  of  Independence  in  Texas, 
lie  died  in  1896. 

Williams,  AUie  Walter,  assistant  surgeon 
United  States  army,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1872, 
in  Columbus,  Ga.  He  received  his  medical 
education  at  the  Bellevue  hospital  medical 
college ;  and  soon  attained  success  in  the 
practice  of  medicine.  In  1898-1901  he  was 
acting  assistant  surgeon  in  the  United  States 
army  ;  since  1901  he  has  been  assistant  sur- 
geon in  the  United  States  army;  and  is  now 
stationed  at  IManila.  P.I. 

Williams,  Alpheus  Starkey,  soldier,  jour- 
nalist, lawyer,  jurist,  diplomat,  congressman, 
wns  born  Sept.  20,  1810,  in  Saybrook,  Conn. 
In  1840-44  he  was  judge  of  probate  for 
Wayne  county,  INIich. ;  was  recorder  of  the 
city  of  Detroit ;  and  in  1843-47  was  editor 
and  owner  of  the  Detroit  Daily  Advertiser. 
He  served  through  the  INIexican  war  as  lieu- 
tenant-colonel :  and  in  1849  was  appointed 
postmaster  of  Detroit.  When  the  civil  war 
began  he  was  made  major-general  of  militia  ; 
and    was    president    of    the    state    military 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


705 


boaicl.  lie  was  subsequently  appointed  a 
brigadier-.^eneral  in  the  national  army  ;  and 
peifoiined  nuuh  service  on  the  upper  l*o- 
tomac.  In  1866-69  he  was  minister  resident 
to  San  Salvador.  In  1875-79  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Michigan  to  the  forty- 
fourth  and  forty-tifth  congresses.  He  died 
Dec.  21.   1878.  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Williams,  Alvin  Dighton,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1824  in  rennsylvania.  He 
was  a  clergyman  in  the  free  baptist  ministry. 
He  was  the  author  of  Histoi-y  of  the  Free 
Communion  Baptists ;  Four  Years  Co-op- 
eration in  Nebraska  ;  and  The  Church  and 
Its  Institutions. 

Williams,  Andrew,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Aug.  27,  1828,  in  Can- 
ada. In  1875-79  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  forty-fourth  and  forty-fifth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  in  1907 
in   IMattsburg,   N.Y. 

Williams,  Anna  Bolles,  author,  was  born 
June  11.  1810,  in  New  London,  Conn.  She 
is  a  writer  of  Springfield,  Mass.  ;  and  has 
written  a  number  of  popular  juvenile  tales. 
She  is  the  author  of  Birchwood ;  Professor 
Johnny;  The  Fitch  Club;  Who  Saved  the 
Ship?  Itolf  and  His  Friends;  Scotch  Caps; 
Giant  Dwarf;   and  Riverside  Museum. 

Williams,  Archibald,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  He  settled  in  Illinois ; 
and  was  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  the  district  of  Kansas,  re- 
siding in  Topeka. 

Williams,  Archibald  H.  A.,  soldier,  agri- 
culturist, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  22, 
1842,  in  Franklin  county,  N.C.  He  served 
four  years  in  the  army  of  northern  Virginia ; 
and  at  the  surrender  of  Appomattox  court- 
house was  captain  of  his  company.  Since 
the  civil  war  lie  has  been  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  merchandising ;  and  was  instrumen- 
tal in  building  the  Oxford  and  Hender-son 
railroad,  which  was  for  several  years  under 
his  management.  He  has  twice  represented 
(iranvill(>  county  in  the  North  Carolina  leg- 
islature. In  1891-93  ho  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-second  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Williams,  Arthur  Llewellyn,  clergyman, 
bislmi'.  was  born  Jan.  30,  1856,  in  Canada. 
In  1879-85  he  was  in  the  railway  service.  In 
1888  ho  was  ordained  in  the  protestant  epis- 
coi)al  church  ;  and  for  ten  years  held  charges 
in  Chicago  and  elsewhere.  In  1899  lie  was 
olectod  jiroti'stant  episcopal  coadjutor  bish- 
op of  Nebraska  ;  and  since  1908  has  been 
bishop. 

Williams,  Barney,  ador.  was  born  in  1823, 
in  Inland.  In  I8G7  ho  became  manager  of 
Wallaik's  old  Broadway  theater  in  New 
York  City;  and  subseciuentiy  he  played  with 
success  in  America.  Croat  Britain  and  Can- 
ada. He  attained  a  wide  reputation  as  an 
Irish  c<iiiiedian.  Among  his  last  jilays  wore 
The  Emerald  Ring;  The  C'onnie  Soogali ;  and 
The  Fairy  Circle.  He  died  April  25,  1876,  in 
Now   Ynrk    City. 

Williams,  Benjamin,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman,   governor,    was    iiorn    in    1754    in 


North  Carolina.  He  was  a  patriot  of  the 
rovolutioii.  In  1793-95  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  third  congress.  He  also  served 
many  years  in  the  state  legislature  ;  and  was 
the  fifth  governor  of  North  Carolina.  He 
died  in  1814  in  North  Carolina. 

Williams,  Betsey,  philanthropist,  was  born 
in  1789  in  Cranston,  li.l.  She  inherited  a 
farm  of  one  hundred  acres,  by  direct  succes- 
sion through  five  generations,  from  Roger 
Williams ;  and  bequeathed  it  to  the  city  of 
I'rovidence  to  form  the  park  that  bears  his 
name.  She  died  Nov.  27,  1871,  in  Cranston, 
R.I. 

Williams,  Mrs.  Catherine  R.,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1787  in  Providence,  R.I. 
She  was  the  author  of  Original  Poems  ;  Re- 
ligion at  Home  ;  Tales ;  National  and  Revo- 
lutionary ;  Fall  River,  an  Authentic  Narra- 
tive ;  Neutral  French ;  Annals  of  the  Aris- 
tocracy of  Rhode  Island ;  and  Aristocracy : 
a  novel.  She  died  Oct.  11,  1872,  in  Provi- 
dence,  R.I. 

Williams,  Ceylon  F.,  musician,  business- 
man, was  born  Oct.  6,  1842,  in  Dupage  coun- 
ty, 111.  He  served  in  the  civil  war  in  com- 
pany A,  first  regiment  Nebraska  volunteer 
infantry,  as  a  musician.  He  then  engaged 
in  telegraphy,  and  railroading ;  was  a  steam- 
boat pilot ;  and  filled  several  public  posi- 
tions. He  next  studied  real  estate  law,  and 
in  1876  established  a  real  estate,  mortgage 
and  loan  business  in  Nebraska.  He  is  now 
a  broker  and  financier  of  Seattle,  Wash.  He 
has  been  an  Odd  Fellow  for  over  thirty  years 
and  in  1896-97  was  elected  grand  master  of 
Washington. 

Williams,  Channing  Moore,  clergyman, 
l)ishop,  was  born  July  18,  1829,  in  Richmond. 
\'a.  In  1866  he  was  consecrated  missionary 
protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  China,  with 
jurisdiction  in  Japan.  In  1889  he  retired 
from  episcopal  duties  but  is  still  engaged  in 
missionary  work. 

Williams,  Charles  David,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  July  30,  1860,  in  Bellevue,  Ohio. 
In  1883  he  was  ordained  deacon  ;  and  in  1884 
was  ordained  to  the  priesthood.  He  has  filled 
imstoratos  in  Fernbank,  Riverside,  Steuben- 
villo  and  Cleveland,  Ohio.  In  1906  he  was 
coMsociiitod   bishop   of   Michigan. 

Williams,  Charles  Frederick,  litterateur, 
author,  was  l)()rn  Oct.  31,  1842,  in  Clarks- 
lown.  Mass.  Ilo  was  the  author  of  The 
'I'arilV  Laws  of  the  United  States,  with  Ex- 
planatory Notes;  and  Index  of  Cases  Over- 
ruled by  the  Courts  of  America,  England, 
and  Ireland  from  1873  to  1887.  Ho  edited 
the  last  eight  volumes  of  The  American  and 
I'higlish  Cyclopa'dia  of  Law.  He  died  Dec. 
20.    1895.    in    Boston,   Mass. 

Williams,  Charles  Grandison,  lawyer,  state 
scnaloi-,  congi'cssman,  was  born  Oct.  18, 
1829.  in  Royalton.  N.Y.  He  was  a  iirosidon- 
tial  elector  in  1868;  and  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate  for  two  years.  In  1873-83  he 
was  n  roprcscntntive  to  the  forty-third,  forty- 
fourth,  forty-iiftli.  forty-sixth,  and  forty- 
seventh  congresses.    In  1883  ho  was  appoint- 


TOG 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN    BIOGRAPHY. 


cd  register  of  a  land  district  in  southern  Da- 
kota. He  was  appointed  register  of  the  land 
office  at  Watertown,  S.D.,  where  he  died 
March   31,   1892. 

Williams,  Charles  Kilbourne,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist,  governor,  was  born  Jan.  24, 
1782,  in  Cambridge,  Mass.  In  1812  he 
served  during  one  campaign  on  the  northern 
frontier.  Between  1809  and  1821  he  was 
several  times  a  representative  in  the  Ver- 
mont legislature  ;  and  again  in  1849.  He  was 
state's  attorney  in  1814-15  ;  was  a  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  in  1822-24  and  1829-42  ; 
and  was  collector  of  customs  for  the  district 
of  Vermont  in  1825-29.  He  was  chief  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Vermont  in  1843-46  ; 
and  was  president  of  the  council  of  censors 
in  1847.  He  was  the  seventy-ninth  governor 
of  Vermont  in  1850-52.  He  died  March  9, 
1853.   in   Kutland,   Vt. 

Williams,  Charles  Langdon,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1821  in  Rutland,  Vt.  He 
l)racticed  law  in  Brandon  in  1844-48 ;  and 
afterward  in  Rutland.  He  was  the  author  of 
Statistics  of  the  Rutland  County  Bar,  with 
biographical  sketches;  Statutes  of  Vermont; 
and  vols,  xxvii-xxix  of  Vermont  Supreme 
Court  Reports.  He  died  Feb.  10,  1861,  in 
Kutland,  Vt. 

Williams,  Charles  Lewis,  banker,  was 
born  April  4.  1869,  in  Carrollton,  111.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  and  private 
schools  of  Illinois.  For  many  years  he  has 
lieen  identified  with  business  and  financial 
alTairs;  has  been  engaged  in  all  branches  of 
l)nnking,  and  is  now  identified  with  the  busi- 
ness and  public  affairs  of  San  Diego,  Cal.  For 
several  years  he  was  connected  with  the 
bank  of  commerce  of  San  Diego,  Cal. ;  is  now 
cashier  of  the  American  national  bank  of 
that  city;  and  has  filled  various  other  posi- 
tions of  trust  and  honor.       ^ 

Williams,  Charles  Miller,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  April  30,  1851,  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 
He  received  his  education  at  the  Rochester 
collegiate  institute,  the  Rochester  free  aca- 
(li'my  ;  in  1871  graduated  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Rochester,  and  subsecjuently  from 
the  Albany  law  school.  In  1875  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  has  attained  prom- 
inence as  one  of  the  foremost  lawyers  of 
tile  east  at  Rochester,  N.Y.  In  1879-81  he 
was  a  member  of  the  board  of  education  ; 
and  since  1891  has  been  secretary  and  treas- 
urer of  the  university  of  Rochester.  He  is  a 
jirominent  mason,  and  takes  an  active  part 
in    pulilic  affairs. 

Williams,  Christopher  H.,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Tennessee.  In  1837-43  and  1849- 
53  be  was  a  rei)resentative  from  Tennessee 
to  the  twenty-lirth,  twenty-sixth,  twenty- 
seventh,  thirty-first  aiul  thirty-second  con- 
giessos.    He  died  in  Tennessee. 

Williams,  Constant,  soldier,  brigadier- 
general,  was  born  :\Iay  25,  1843,  in  Pitts- 
burgl),  I'm.  In  1861-62  he  served  in  the  civil 
war  in  tlie  Pennsylvania  vobniteers ;  and  in 
1863  enlisted  in  the  regular  army.  He  was 
apixiinted    second    lieutenant    in    the    seventh 


I'niled  States  infantry;  and  in  1864  was 
nuide  first  lieutenant.  In  1873  he  became 
caplaiu ;  in  1897  was  promoted  to  major ; 
in  1899  became  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  fif- 
teenth infantry;  and  in  1901  was  promoted 
to  colonel  of  the  twenty-sixth  infantry.  In 
1877  he  received  the  brevet  of  major  for 
gallant  service  in  action  against  the  Indians 
at  the  Big  Hole,  Montana,  where  he  was 
twice  wounded.  In  1904  he  was  promoted  to 
brigadier-general  in  the  United  States  army  ; 
and  is  stationed  at  Denver,  Col.,  command- 
ing the  department  of  the  Colorado;  and  in 
1907  was  retired. 

Williams,  David,  soldier,  was  born  Oct. 
21,  1754,  in  Tarrytown,  N.Y.  He  served 
through  the  revolutionary  war ;  and  with 
.John  Paulding  and  Isaac  Van  Wart  he  was 
one  of  the  captors  of  Major  John  Andre  in 
1780.  He  received  a  silver  medal  from  con- 
gress and  a  pension  of  two  hundred  dollars 
a  year  for  that  service.  A  monument  has 
l)een  erected  to  his  memory  by  the  state  at 
the  Stone  Fort  near  Schoharie  court  house. 
He  died  Aug.  2,  1831,  near  Livingstonville; 
N.Y. 

Williams,  David,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  colonel  in 
eighty-second  regiment;  and  in  1862  attained 
tlie   rank   of   brigadier-general   of   volunteers. 

Williams,  David  Rogerson,  soldier,  con- 
gressman, governor,  was  born  March  10, 
1776,  in  Bobbins  Neck,  S.C.  In  1S05-09 
and  lSri-13  he  was  a  representative  from 
South  Carolina  to  the  ninth,  tenth  and 
twelfth  congresses.  In  1813  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  brigadier-general.  He  was  the 
eleventh  governor  of  South  Carolina  in 
1814-16.  He  died  Nov.  15,  1830,  in  Lynch's 
Creek,    S.C. 

Williams,  Dwight,  clergyman,  poet,  was 
born  April  20,  1824,  in  Rippleton,  N.Y. 
He  was  the  author  of  three  small  volumes 
of  poems,  the  last  and  best  of  which  per- 
haps   is    The    P>eautiful    City. 

Williams,  Edward  Charles,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Peiuisylvania.  In  1801  he  was 
brigad  er-general  of  volunteers;  and  re- 
signed in  'lS()2.     He  died  Feb.   10,   1900. 

Williams,  Edward  Calvin,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was    l)orn    Oct.    7,    1847.    in    Lynchburg,   Va. 


in    ISO.S  lie  became 


a  tutor  in  mathematics 
at  St.  Timothy's  hall. 
He  was  a  student  at 
the  luiiversity  o  f 
Virginia;      and     took 


the  degree 
of     laws, 
ticed     law 
vears     in 
Md.      In    1887 
commissioned 


of  bachelor 

lie     prac- 

for    many 

Baltimore, 

le  was 

judge- 


advocate,  with  the 
rank  of  major,  in  the 
first  brigade  Mary- 
land national  guard. 
He  has  been  president  of  llie  Maryland  bap- 
tist union   association. 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


707 


Williams,  Edward  H.,  manufacturer,  pliil- 
anthropist,  was  boru  June  1,  1824,  in 
Woodstock,  Vt.  lie  has  traveled  exten- 
sively for  the  Baldwin  locomotive  works, 
of  which  he  is  a  partner  and  has  intro- 
duced the  Baldwin  locomotives  to  Europe, 
South  America,  Australia  and  Japan.  Will- 
iams Hall  at  Carleton  college,  5linn(.sota, 
was  built  by  him;  and  a  si.xteen  inch  tel- 
escope given  to  the  institution  in  1891. 
He  also  presented  the  Narnian  Williams  li- 
brary to  Woodstock,  Vt.;  and,  in  memory 
of  his  wife,  a  building  to  the  university  of 
Vermont.  >ie  died  Dec.  21,  1899,  in  Santa 
Barl'ara,   C'al. 

Williams,  Edward  Higginson,  mining  en- 
gineer, author,  was  born  Sept.  311,  1849,  in 
Proctorsville,  Vt.  In  1881-1902  he  was 
professor  of  mining  engineering  and  ge- 
ology in  the  Lehigli  university;  and  has 
retired.  He  is  the  author  of  Manual  of 
Litliology;    and    other    works. 

Williams,  Edward  Huntington,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Xov.  ],  lSt)8,  in  IJurand, 
111.  He  is  the  author  of  A  History  of 
Science,    in    five   volumes. 

Williams,  Edward  P.,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Feb.  20,  1833,  in  Castine,  Me.  He 
was  one  of  the  volunteers  that  were  called 
for  by  Admiral  Dahigren  to  storm  Fort 
Sumter;  and  conunand  the  first  division  of 
boats  witli  sailors  and  marines  in  that  at- 
tack. He  was  promoted  to  commander  in 
1S()(;.      lie    (licil    Jan.    24,    1870,    in    Japan. 

Williams,  Edwin,  litterateur,  autlior,  was 
•burn  .March  7,  1797,  in  Norwich,  Conn.  He 
was  for  many  years  secretary  of  the  Amer- 
ican institute  of  New  York  City.  Ha  was 
tile  author  of  The  Politician's  Manual; 
NeVv  Universal  (Gazetteer;  Book  of  the  Con- 
stitution; New  York  as  It  Is;  Arctic  Voy- 
ages; Tile  Fortunate  Puzzler;  The  Slates- 
man's  Manual ;  and  The  Twelve  Stars  of 
the  Republic.  He  died  Oct.  21,  1854,  in 
New  York  City. 

Williams,  Egorton  Ryerson,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  l)()rn  Feb.  1,  1873,  in  Toledo, 
Ojiio.  Since  189G  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Kochester,  N.V.  He  is  the  antlior  of  Hill 
'J'owns    of    Italy;    and    It  idol  fo. 

Williams,  Eleazer,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1787  in  Caughnawaga,  N.5('.  He 
was  an  episcopal  clergyman  at  (Jrecn  Bay, 
Wis.;  and  su|)piiscd  by  some  persons  to 
liave  been  Louis  X\'ll  of  France,  lb'  was 
the  author  of  A  Spdling-Book  in  the  Lan- 
guage of  the  Seven  Iroijuois  Nations;  and 
other  works  in  Iroquois.  He  died  Aiig.  28. 
18.">S.   ill    Ilo^'aii-ifowii.  N.Y. 

Williams,  Elias  H.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1870  he  was  an  associate  ju.stice  of  the 
supreme    cntirt    of    lown. 

Williams  Elihu  Stephen,  soldier,  lawyer, 
journalist,  corigressniaii.  was  born  Jan.  21. 
183."),  in  New  (  arlisle,  Ohio.  He  enlisted  as 
a  private  in  the  seventy-first  Ohio  volun- 
teer infanlrv;  and  was  eominissioned  first- 
lij'Uteiiaiit  in  18(i2.  lie  was  promoted  to 
oaptain    in    18(13.      lie   was   attorney-general 


of  the  si.\th  judicial  district  of  Tennessee 
in  1805-67 ;  and  was  elected  to  the  Ten- 
nessee house  of  representatives  in  1807. 
In  1887-91  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
congresses  as  a  republiean.  lie  was  editor 
of  the  Troy  Buckeye.  He  died  in  1903  in 
Troy,    Ohio. 

Williams,  Elisha,  clergyman,  college  pres- 
ident, was  born  Aug.  24,  1094,  in  Hatlield, 
Mass.  He  was  pastor  of  the  church  at 
Wethersfield  in  1721-20;  and  was  presi- 
dent of  Yale  in  1820-39.  He  died  July  24, 
1755.    in   Wethersfield,    Conn. 

Williams,  Eli&ha,  lawyer,  founder,  was 
burn  .\ug.  29,  1773,  in  Pomfret,  Conn.  In 
1815  lie  founded  the  town  of  Waterloo, 
N.Y.,  which  he  named  immediately  after 
the  battle  of  Waterloo.  The  expense  of 
building  tlic  court  house  in  that  town  was 
borne  chielly  by  him.  He  was  frequently 
elected  to  the  assembly;  and  was  an  act- 
ive member  of  the  New  York  constitution- 
al convention  of  1812.  He  died  June  29, 
1833,    in    New    York    City. 

Williams,  Elizabeth  Finck  Minuse,  edu- 
was    born    .Mav    23,     1843,    in 


cator,    pov'l, 
Fort    Avery, 


Ohio.  She  received  a  thor- 
ough education  in 
the  public  and  pri- 
vate scliools  of  her 
native  state.  For 
many  years  she  was 
engaged  in  education- 
al work,  and  is  well 
known  as  a  contrib- 
utor of  prose  and 
verse  to  current  lit- 
erature. She  is  the 
atithor  of  Memories 
of  Old  Milan;  Na- 
ture's Fuel ;  and  oth- 
er poems.  Her  poems  have  appeared  in 
the  leading  magazines  and  have  been  high- 
ly   eulogized. 

Williams,  Elkanah,  physician,  educator, 
was  born  Dec.  19,  1822,  in  Lawrence  coun- 
ty, Ind.  Early  in  the  civil  war  he  was 
ap])ointed  assistant  surgecm  to  the  Inited 
States  marine  hospital,  which  post  he  held 
till  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  ophthal- 
mic surgeon  to  the  Commercial  hospital  in 
Cincinnati  in  1802-72.  lie  died  Ott.  5, 
1S8S.    ill    lla/.lewodd.   Pa. 

Williams,  Ephraim,  .soldier,  pbilanthro- 
jiist,  was  born  Feb.  24,  1715.  in  Newton, 
.Mass.  Possessing  a  grant  of  land  in  the 
present  township  of  Williamstown.  .Mass., 
lie  be(pieatlied  his  |)roperty  to  found  a  free 
school  there;  which  afterward  became  Wil- 
liams college.  He  was  killed  while  leading 
a  regiment  to  the  invasion  of  Canada,  Sept. 
8.    1755,    near    (ieorge    Lake,    N.Y. 

Williams,  Espy,  merchant,  poet,  was  born 
Jan.  3(1.  1852.  in  Carrollton,  La.  H^'  was 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  New 
Orleans.  La.  He  was  the  author  of  the 
Dream  of  .\rt  and  other  [joeins  under  the 
|ien    name  of   William    Hendricks;    and    was 


708 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


the  author  of  several  plays.     He  died  about 
1908    in   New   Orleans,   La. 

Williams,  Eugene,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Sept.  15,  1855,  near  Eutaw,  Ala.  He  has 
been  states  attorney  and  district  judge. 
He  is  lieutenant-colonel  and  judge  advo- 
cate general  Texas  national  guard  at  Waco. 

Williams,  Eustace  LeRoy,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  29,  1874,  in  Culpeper, 
Va.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Substitute 
Quarterback;  The  Mutineers;  and  That 
Kentucky   Campaign. 

Williams,  F.  A.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  is 
associate- justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
of  Texas  for  the  terms  of  1905-09;  and  re- 
sides in  Austin,  Texas. 

Williams,  Francis  Churchill,  journalist, 
critic,  author,  was  born  April  23,  1868, 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  For  ten  years  he 
was  an  editor  of  the  Philadelphia  Even- 
ing Bulletin.  In  1901  he  became  associ- 
ated with  the  publishing  house  of  J.  B. 
Lippincott  company,  of  which  company  he 
was  literary  advisor.  He  is  an  assistant 
editor  of  the  Saturday  Evening  Post.  He 
is  the  author  of  J.  Devlin-Boss;  The  Cap- 
tain;   and    Stories    of   the    Colleges. 

Williams,  Francis  Henry,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  15,  1852,  in  Uxbridge, 
Mass.  Since  1877  he  has  practiced  medi- 
cine in  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author 
of  The  Roentgen  Rays  in  Medicine  and 
Surgery. 

Williams,  Francis  Howard,  journalist, 
dramatist,  author,  poet,  was  born  in  1844 
in  Pliihidelphia,  Pa.  His  plays  include 
The  Princess  Elizabeth,  a  Lyric  Drama ; 
The  Higher  Education;  A  Reformer  in  Ruf- 
Hes;  Master  and  Man;  Theodora,  a  Christ- 
mas Pastoral.  Other  works  are,  Atman,  a 
Story;  The  Flute  Player;  and  Other  Poems; 
and  Pennsylvania  Poets  of  the  Provincial 
Period. 

Williams,  Frederick  Ballard,  painter,  art- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  21,  1871,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  He  is  a  landscape  and  figure  paint- 
er; and  is  an  exhibitor  at  all  the  import- 
ant art  exhibitions  in  the  United  States. 
He  has  received  many  prizes;  and  is  an 
associate    national   academician. 

Williams,  Frederick  Wells,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  31,  1857.  Since  1900 
he  has  been  professor  of  modern  oriental 
history  in  Yale  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  History  of  China;  China  and 
Japan ;    and   other    works. 

Williams,  Gardner  Fred,  mining  engineer, 
author,  was  born  March  14,  1842,  in  Sagi- 
naw, Mich.  In  1870  he  was  assistant  as- 
sayer  of  the  United  States  mint  at  San 
Francisco,  Cal.;  and  in  1887-1905  was  gen- 
eral manager  of  the  DeBeers  consolidated 
mines,  limited,  which  produce  ninety-five 
per  cent  of  the  diamond  yield  of  the  world. 
He  is  the  author  of  the  Diamond  Mines  of 
Soutli   Africa,  in  two  volumes. 

Williams,  Gardner  Stewart,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  in  186G  in  Saginaw,  Mich. 
He   was    educated    in    the   public   and   high 


schools  of  Saginaw,  Mich.;  and  in  1889 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Michi- 
gMu  as  C.E.  In  1887  he  was  an  assistant 
engineer  in  the  water  works  construction 
at  Bismarck,  N.D.;  and  was  resident  en- 
gineer in  that  work  in  Greenville  and  Owos- 
so,  Mich.  In  1893-98  he  was  a  civil  engi- 
neer of  the  board  of  water  commissioners  in 
Detroit,  Mich. ;  and  in  1899-1904  was  engi- 
neer in  charge  of  the  hydraulic  laboratory 
at  Cornell  university.  Since  1904  he  has 
been  professor  of  civil,  hydraulic  and  san- 
itary engineering  at  the  university  of  JMich- 
igan.  He  is  the  author  of  Hydraulic  Ta- 
bles. 

Williams,  George  Burchell,  financial  ex- 
pert, was  born  Dec.  5,  1842,  in  Lockport, 
N.Y.  In  1858  he  removed  to  Lafayette, 
Ind. ;  in  1867-08  was  supervisor  of  internal 
revenue  for  Indiana;  and  in  1869-70  was 
deputy  commissioner  of  internal  revenue 
at  Washington,  D.C.  In  1870  he  was  se- 
lected by  the  Emperor  of  Japan  as  finan- 
cial adviser  of  the  Japanese  government, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  for  many  years 
in  Japan.  In  1884  he  was  a  delegate  to 
I  lie  republican  national  convention;  and 
now  resides  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Williams,  George  Forrester,  soldier, 
nalist,  author,  was  born  in  1837  on  the 
of   Gibraltar.     In    1856  he   joined  the 

of      the      New 


73    he    was 

York    Times ; 

editor    of 

the  author 

el ;    The    Memorial 


jour- 
Rock 
stall 
York 
Times.     He  served   in 
the   civil  war   as   pri- 
vate,    rising     to     the 
brevet  rank  of  major. 
He  acted  as  war  cor- 
respondent during  the 
Franco-lNlexican     war 
as  a  colonel  and  saw 
Maximillian    executed 
at     Queretaro.       H  e 
served    as    brigadier- 
general    in    Peru    and 
Guatemala.     In   1870- 
editor    of    the    New 
and    in    1875    was    managing 
the    New    York    Herald.      He    is 
of  Bullet  and  Shell ;  Lucy's  Reb- 
War    Book ;    Unfair    in 


Lovi"    and    War;    and   Across   the   Lines. 

Williams,  George  Fred,  lawyer,  journalist, 
congressman,  was  born  July  10,  1852,  in 
Dedham,  Mass.  In  1878  he  edited  Wil- 
liams' Citations  of  Massuchusetts  Cases; 
and  in  1880-87  edited  volumes  ten  to  sev- 
enteen of  the  Anniial  Digest  of  the  Unit- 
ed States.  He  was  elected  to  the  Massa- 
chusetts legislature  in  1889.  In  1891-93 
he  was  a  representative  from  Massachu- 
setts to  the  fifty-seventh  congress  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. In  1895  he  was  democratic  nomi- 
nee  for  governor   of  ]\Iassachusetts. 

Williams,  George  Henry,  lawyer,  jurist, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Ivlarch  26, 
1823,  in  New  Lebanon,  N.Y.  He  was  edu- 
district  school  and  at  Pom- 
:    studied    law;    and    received 


cated    in    the 
pey    academy 


-the 


degree 


of  LL.D.     In  1844  he  began  the 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


709 


practice  of  law  in  Iowa;  and  in  1847-53 
was  judge  of  the  first  judicial  district  of 
Iowa.  In  1853-58  he  was  chief  justice  of 
Oregon  territory;  and  in  1859  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  convention  to  frame  the  state 
constitution  for  Oregon.  In  18G5-71  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Oregon;  and  a 
member  of  the  high  joint  commission  to 
settle  the  Alabama  claim.  In  1871-74  he 
was  attorney-general  of  the  United  States; 
and  in  1902-05  was  mayor  of  Portland, 
Oregon.  He  is  president  of  the  boys'  and 
girl's  aid  society ;  president  of  the  Pat- 
tion  home  for  the  aged. 

Williams,  George  Huntington,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1856,  in  Utica, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  professor  of  inorganic  ge- 
ology at  Johns  Hopkins  nniversity  in  1892- 
94.  He  was  the  author  of  Elements  of 
Crystallography.  He  died  July  12,  1894, 
in'utiea,   X.Y. 

'Williams,  George  Washington,  soldier, 
diplomat,  author,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1849, 
in  Bedford  Springs,  Pa.  He  is  a  writer  of 
African  descent;  served  in  the  federal  army 
during  the  civil  war;  and  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  artillery  in  tne  republican  army 
of  Me.\ico  in  1865-67.  He  was  minister 
to  Hayti  in  1885-86.  He  was  the  author 
of  History  of  the  Negro  Race  in  America; 
The  Negro  Troops  in  the  War  of  the  Ke- 
bellion;  and  History  of  the  Reconstruction 
of  the  Insurgent  States.  He  died  Aug.  4, 
1891.    in    Blackpoole.    England. 

Williaras,  Gershom  Mott,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Feb.  11,  1857,  in  Fort  Hamil- 
ton, N.Y.  He  was  appointed  speaker  at  the 
church  congress  of  1889  and  at  the  mis- 
sionary council  of  1893  and  1896.  He  has 
filled  pastorates  in  Detroit,  BuiTalo,  Mil- 
waukee and  Marquette.  In  1896  he  be- 
came protestant  epi.scopal  bishop  of  Mar- 
quette.  Mich. 

Williams,  Gotham  Deane,  lawyer,  manu- 
facturer, jurist,  author,  was  l)orn  Jan.  10. 
1842,  in  East  Bridgewaler,  .Mass.  In  186S 
he  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  and  since 
1900  has  been  a  manufacturer  of  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1877-90  he  was  trial  justice  of 
Greenfield,  Mass.  He  is  tlie  author  of  Pen- 
al Statutes  of  Massachusetts;  Massacliu- 
setts'  Peace  Officer;  and  Massachusetts' 
Insolvent    Law. 

Williams,  Gustavus  Brown,  soldier,  law- 
yer, was  born  Oct.  28,  1834,  in  rxi)ridge. 
Mass.  He  served  as  a  union  soldier  during 
the  civil  war  as  sergeant  of  company  K, 
lifty-firsl  regiment  Massachusetts  volniiteer 
infantry.  He  is  the  author  of  A  History 
(if    Mendon. 

Williams,  Harold,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  5.  1853,  in  Brookline. 
Mass.  He  is  dean  of  Tuft's  college  medieal 
school.  He  is  the  author  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Morton;  Silken  Threads;  and  Climatic 
Treatment  of  T'hthisis. 

Williams,  Henry,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born   in  November,   1804, 


in  Taunton,  Mass.  In  1839-41  and  1843- 
45  he  was  a  representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts to  the  twenty-sixth  and  twenty- 
eighth  congresses.  He  was  a  state  senator 
for  two  years;  and  was  a  representative  in 
the    state    legislature    for    three    years. 

Williams,  Henry  R.,  railroad  president, 
financier,  was  born  July  14,  1849,  in  Pal- 
myra, Wis.  Since  1867  he  has  had  various 
duties  on  the  Chicago,  Milwaukee  and  St. 
Paul  railway;  and  since  1905  has  been 
president  of  that  corporation  in  Washing- 
ton and  Iowa;  and  vice-president  of  the 
Cliicago,  Mihvaid-cee  and  St.  Paul  railroad 
of    Montana. 

Williams,  Henry  Shaler,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  7,  1847,  in  Ithaca, 
N.Y.  He  was  a  professor  in  1876-92  in 
Cornell  university;  and  professor  of  geol- 
ogy at  Yale  in  1892-1904.  Since  1904  he 
has  been  a  professor  at  Cornell  university. 
He  is  the  author  of  Geological  Biology; 
Correlation  Papers,  Devonian  and  Carbon- 
iferous; and  (^n  the  Theory  of  Organic  Va- 
riation. 

Williams,  Henry  Smith,  physician,  sur- 
geon, author,  was  born  March  4,  1863,  in 
Durand,  111.  He  is  a  successful  practicing 
physician  of  New  York  City;  and  a  spe- 
cialist in  nervous  and  mental  diseases.  He 
is  the  author  of  Check  List  of  Iowa  Birds; 
The  Story  of  Nineteenth  Century  Science; 
and  The  History  of  the  Art  of  Writing. 
Williams,  Henry  W.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  July  30,  1830,  in  Susquehanna  coun- 
ty.  Pa.      In    1854   he   was   admitted  to   the 

bar;  and  in  1865  was 
appointed  additional 
law  judge  of  the 
fourth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Pennsylvania, 
receiving  the  re-elec- 
tion to  that  office  in 
November  of  the 
same  year;  and  in 
1870  w  a  s  elected 
president  judge.  In 
1875  he  was  appoint- 
ed a  member  of  the 
commission  to  revise 
the  constitution  of  the  state.  In  1880  he 
was  re-elected  president  judge;  and  in  1887- 
99  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  supremo 
court  of  Pennsylvania,  having  been  elected 
for  a  term  of  twenty-one  years.  He  died 
in    Pennsylvania    in    1890. 

Williams,  Henry  Warren,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Jan.  20,  1816,  in  Ledyard,  Conn. 
He  attained  eminence  at  the  bar  of  Penn- 
.sylvania  at  Pittsburg.  For  sixteen  years 
he  was  judge  of  the  district  court  of  Alle- 
gheny county;  and  became  a  justice  of  the 
slate  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
died   Feb.  19.  1877,  in  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Williams,  Henry  Willard,  physician,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1821,  in 
Hoston,  Mass.  lie  was  a  Boston  physician; 
and  j)rofessor  of  ophtiialm(dogy  at  l%i"vard 
university  in   1871-91.     lie  was   ihe  author 


Ik'^jtwi 


710 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


of  Our  Eyes  and  How  to  Take  Care  of 
Them;  Diagnosis  and  Treatment  of  Dis- 
eases of  tlie  Eye;  and  Practical  Guide  to 
Study  of  Diseases  of  tlie  Eye.  He  died  in 
1895   in  Boston,  Mass. 

Williams,  Herbert  Upham,  physician, 
patliologist,  autlior,  was  born  Nov.  28.  1806, 
in  Butlalo,  N.Y.  Since  1089  he  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in  Butialo,  N.Y.  Since 
1894  he  has  been  professor  of  pathology 
and  bacteriology  at  the  university  of  ]3uf- 
falo.  He  is  the  author  of  Manual  of  Bac- 
teriology. 

Williams,  Hezekiah^  lawyer,  state  senatoi, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1798  in  Wood- 
stock, Vt.  He  was  register  of  probate  in 
1824-38;  and  was  a  state  senator  in  1839- 
41.  In  1845-49  he  was  a  representative 
from  Maine  to  the  twenty-ninth  and  thir- 
tieth   congresses.      He    died    Oct.    24,    1856. 

Williams,  Isaac,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Otsego  county,  N.Y.  In  1813-15,  1817- 
19  and  1823-25  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Y'ork  to  the  thirteenth,  fifteenth 
and  eighteenth  congresses.  He  died  in  New 
York. 

Williams,  J.  A.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1869- 
1902  he  was  district  judse  of  the  United 
States  court  of  iippeals  of  Arkansas  at  Lit- 
Ko<k. 

Williams,  James,  agriculturist,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  bom  Aug.  4,  1825. 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1856  and  1862  he 
was  elected  to  the  Delaware  state  legisla- 
ture ;  and  in  1866  was  elected  to  the  state 
senate.  He  was  made  speaker  of  the  senate 
in  1869 ;  and  was  a  member  of  the  Balti- 
more convention  of  1872.  In  1875-79  he  was 
a  representative  from  Delaware  to  the  for- 
ty-fourth and  forty-fifth  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. He  died  April  12.  1899.  in  Smyrna, 
Del. 

Williams,  James  Douglas,  agriculturist, 
state  senator,  congrpssman.  governor,  was 
))orn  Jan.  16,  1808,  in  Pickaway  county, 
Ohio.  He  was  elected  to  the  Indiana  state 
legislature  in  1843,  1847.  1851.  1856,  and 
1868.  He  was  elected  state  senator  in  1858. 
1862  and  1870.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
state  board  of  agriculture  for  seventeen 
years,  serving  four  years  of  the  time  as  pres- 
ident. In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative 
from  Indiana  to  the  forty-fourth  congress. 
He  was  the  sixteenth  governor  of  Indiana 
in  1877-80.  He  died  Nov.  20.  1880,  in  In- 
dianapolis. Ind. 

Williams,  James  Monroe,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  12,  1833,  in  Lowville,  N.Y.  In  1861 
lie  was  a  captain  in  the  fifth  Kansas  cav- 
alry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.'  He  served  in  the  reg- 
ular army  :  and  was  retired  in  1891.  He  died 
in    1907   in    ^Vasllinut(m.   D.C. 

Williams,  James  Robert,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  27,  1850.  in  White 
county.  111.  He  was  master  in  chancery  in 
1880-82  :  and  county  judge  of  White  county 
in  18S2-86.  He  was  nominee  for  elector  on 
the     Cleveland     and     Thurnian     ticket.      In 


1889-95  and  1899-1905  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-first,  fiftj^-second,  fifty-third, 
fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh  and  fifty-eighth  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Williams,  James  W.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1788  in  Maryland.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Maryland, 
being  for  a  time  speaker  of  the  house  of  dele- 
gates in  1839.  In  1841-43  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  twenty-seventh  congress.  He 
died  Dec.  2,  1843,  on  his  way  to  Washing- 
ton. D.C. 

Williams,  Jared,  agriculturist,  congress- 
man, was  born  March  4,  1766,  in  Montgomery 
county,  Md.  In  1811  he  was  elected  to  the 
liouse  of  delegates  of  Virginia,  and  served  a 
number  of  years.  In  1819-25  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  to  the  sixteenth, 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  congresses.  In 
1829  he  was  a  presidential  elector.  He  died 
.Ian.  2.  1831.  in  Frederick  county,  Va. 

Williams,  Jared  Warner,  congressman, 
I'nited  States  senator,  governor,  was  born 
Dec.  22,  1796.  in  West  Woodstock,  Conn. 
In  1837-41  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
twenty-fifth  and  twenty-sixth  congresses  ;  and 
was  governor  of  New  Hampshire  in  1847-49. 
In  1853-55  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  also  served  several  terms  in  the  state 
legislature.  He  died  Sept.  29,  1864,  in  Lan- 
caster. N.II. 

Williams,  Jeremiah  N.,  soldier,  congress- 
man, was  i)orn  in  April,  1829.  in  Barbour 
county.  Ala.  In  1875-79  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  Alabama  to  the  forty-fourth  and 
forty-fifth  congresses  as  a   democrat. 

Williams,  Jesse  Lynch,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  17,  1871.  in  Sterling, 
HI.  He  is  the  author  of  Princeton  Stories; 
The  Stolen  Story,  and  Other  Newspaper 
Stories  ;  New  Y'ork  Sketches ;  and  is  the  au- 
thor of  a  play  entitled  The  Stolen  Story. 

Williams,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  10.  1644.  in  Roxbury.  Mass.  He 
was  a  congregational  clergyman  of  Deerfield, 
Mass.;  and  carried  captive  to  Canada,  with 
many  of  his  parishioners,  by  the  French  and 
Indians  in  1704.  The  Redeemed  Captive  is 
a  graphic  account  of. heroism  and  suffering 
during  the  period  of  captivity.  He  died  June 
12.  1729.   in  Deerfield,  :Mass. 

Williams,  John,  soldier,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  Washington  coun- 
ty. N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New- 
York  state  senate  in  1777-79  and  1783-95. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  assembly  in  1781 
to  1782.  In  1795-99  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  Y'ork  to  the  fourth  and  fifth  con- 
gresses.   He  died  in  New  York. 

Williams,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Hanover  county.  Va.  He 
was  one  of  the  first  judges  under  the  state 
constitution  in  1777-90.  In  1877-78  he  was 
a  delegate  from  North  Carolina  to  the  conti- 
nental congress.  lie  died  Oct.  10,  1799.  in 
(iraiiville  county.  Ohio. 

Williams,  John,  journalist,  author,  was 
liorn  about  1765  in  England.  He  was  the 
author    of    Poems;    Legislative    Biography; 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


ai 


The  Hainiltoniail ;  The  Dramatic  Censor ; 
and  Life  of  Alexander  Hamilton.  He  died 
Oct.  12.  1818.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Williams,  John,  soldier,  lawyer,  United 
Stales  senator,  was  born  Jan.  29,  1778,  in 
Surry  county,  N.C.  He  served  till  the  close 
of  the  war  with  Great  Britain.  In  1815-23 
he  was  I'nited  States  senator  from  Tennes- 
see. He  died  Aug.  10,  1837,  in  Kuo.wille, 
Tenn. 

Williams,  John,  soldier,  merchant,  "con- 
gressnuui.  was  horn  in  1807  in  I'tica.  N.Y^. 
In  1852  he  was  elected  mayor  of  Itochester, 
X.Y.  In  1855-57  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  thirty-fourth  congress;  in  1871  was 
made  city  treasurer ;  and  was  re-elected  in 
1873-75.  lie  was  made  a  major-general  of 
militia  and  rendered  good  service  during  the 
civil  war  in  raising  troops  for  the  war.  He 
died  Marcii  26.  1875.  in  Rochester,  N.Y. 

Williams,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the  sec- 
ond regiment  Iowa  infantry ;  and  in  1865 
was  brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general 
of  voluntet-rs.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out   in   1864. 

Williams,  John,  clergyman,  bishop,  au- 
thor, was  ixnii  Aug.  30.  1817,  in  Deerfield. 
Mass.  In  1848-53  he  was  president  of  Trin- 
ity college.  He  was  the  fourth  protestant 
episcopal  bi.shop  of  Connecticut ;  and  presid- 
ing bishop  from  1887.  He  was  the  author 
of  Sermons :  Studies  on  the  Engli.<;h  Refor- 
mation: Ancient  Hymns  of  Holy  Church; 
Thoughts  on  the  Gospel  Miracles ;  The 
World's  Witness  to  Christ ;  and  Studies  in 
the  Book  of  Acts.  He  died  Feb.  7,  1899,  in 
Midfllctiiwu.  Coi'n. 

Williams,  John  Augustus,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Sept.  21,  1824,  in 
Bourbon  county.  Ky.    He  has  been  president 

of  the  Prospect  Ilill 
seminary.  Kentucky  ; 
president  of  the  Bour- 
l>i)n  institute:  presi- 
dent of  the  Christian 
college  of  Columbia. 
Mo. :  anil  i>resi(1eiit  of 
the  Daughters'  college, 
Kentucky.  He  has 
bei'u  president  of  the 
Kentucky  slate  col- 
lege :  and  grand  lec- 
turer of  grand  lodge 
for  Kentucky.  He  is 
ilii-  auilmr  of  IIdsii  .Vmerson  :  and  The  1/ife 
of  .Tuhn   Smith. 

Williams,  John  Edward,  educator,  and 
srienrst.  was  horn  Se|)t.  17.  1867.  in  Char- 
lotte county.  Va.  lie  has  reeeived  the  de- 
L-rees  of  A.B..  M.  A.  and  Ph.D.  from  Hamp- 
den-Sidney  and  the  university  of  Yirginia. 
Since  1903  he  has  been  i)rofess«)r  of  mathe- 
matics in  the  Virginia  polytechnic  institute. 
He  has  made  valuable  researches  in  mathe- 
matics, and  revised  Patton's  Treatise  on 
Poniulation. 

Williams,  John  Fletcher,  librarian,  au- 
thor, was  horn  Seiit.  25.  1834.  in  Cincininiti. 


Ohio.  In  1867  he  was  elected  secretary  and 
librarian  of  the  Minnesota  historical  society 
of  St.  I'aul.  Minn. ;  and  in  1873  was  appoint- 
ed commissioner  from  Minnesota  to  the  cen- 
tennial expositions.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Odd  Fellows'  Minstrel ;  and  History  of 
the  City  of  St.  Paul  and  of  the  County  of 
Ramsey.  He  died  Afiril  28.  1895,  in  Roches- 
ter.  Minn. 

Williams,  John  Foster,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Oct.  12.  1743,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
early  adopted  the  life  of  a  sailor,*  and  in 
the  spring  of  1779  commanded  the  Massa- 
chusetts cruiser  Hazard  of  fourteen  guns 
with  which  in  that  year  he  captured  the 
.\ctive,  of  eighteen  guns ;  and  performed  oth- 
er gallant  exploits.  In  1790-1814  he  was  in 
(ommand  of  a  revenue-cutler.  He  died  June 
24.  1814.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Williams,  John  Joseph,  clergy nl'aft,  arch- 
bishop, wns  born  April  27,  1822.  in  Boston, 
.Mass.  The  new  sees  of  Springfield  and 
Providence  were  created  from  his  original 
diocese  in  1870  and  1872.  respectively ;  and 
in  1875  a  new  ecclesiastic  province  was  es- 
tablished, embracing  the.se  dioceses  and  those 
of  Portland  and  Burlington.  Boston  became 
the  ar(hei)iscopal  see;  and  in  1866  he  was 
made  Roman  catholic  archbishop  of  Boston, 
Mass..  recei\ing  the  pallium  from  the  hands 
of  Archbisho])  ^IcCloskey.  He  died  Aug.  30, 
1907.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Williams,  John  Lee,  pioneer,  was  born 
in  177.').  lie  made  exi)lorations  in  the  in- 
terior, and  traced  the  ancient  improvements 
and  the  scattered  ruins.  The  fruit  of  these 
researches  he  gave  to  the  world  in  The  Ter- 
ritory of  Florida,  or  Sketches  of  the  Topog- 
raphy. Civil  and  Natural  History  of  the 
Country,  the  Climate  and  the  Indian  Tribes, 
from  the  First  Discovery  to  the  Present 
Time.     He  died  Nov.  7,  1856,  in  Picolati.  Fla. 

Williams,  John  M.  S.,  merchant,  ship 
owner,  state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
.Vug.  14,  1818,  in  Richmond.  Va.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1856;  and  of  the  state 
senate  in  1858.  He  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1868.  In  1873-75  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  forty-third  congress.  He  died 
March   19.  1880.  in  Cnmliridge.  Mass. 

Williams,  John  Mason,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  .lune  24,  1780,  in  New  Bedford. 
Ma.ss.  He  became  associate  justice  of  •the 
Massachusetts  court  of  common  pleas  in 
1821;  and  its  chief  justice  in  1839-44.  In 
1 844-56  he  was  commissioner  of  insolvency, 
lie  was  author  of  a  pami)hli't  entitled  Nul- 
lilication  and  Compi'omisi>.  He  died  Dec.  28. 
1868.   in    New   Bedford.   Mass. 

Williams,  John  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, was  iioni  Dec.  14.  1825.  in  liOckport. 
X.Y.  In  1856-60  he  was  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Lafayette.  Ind.  He  was  for  some  time 
editor  of  the  Lafayette  Daily  .American.  In 
1861  he  recruit(^(l  the  sixty-third  regiment  of 
Indiana  voliniteers :  and  was  connnissicnied 
colonel  of  the  regiment.  In  1866  he  was  ap- 
pointed collector  of  internal   ri'veunc  for  the 


712 


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oightli  district  of  Indiana.  In  1869  lie  be- 
came tlie  publisher  of  the  Lafayette  Sunday 
Times ;  and  in  1885  was  appointed  third 
auditor  of  the  United  States  treasury  de- 
partment. He  died  Dec.  3,  1900,  in  Lafay- 
ette, Ind. 

Williams,  John  Sharp,  lawyer,  cotton 
planter,  congressman,  v/as  born  July  30, 
1854,  in  Memi)his,  Tenn.  He  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law  and  is  also  a  cotton  planter 
in  Yazoo,  Miss.  In  1893-1908  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Mississippi  to  the  fifty- 
third,  fifty-fourth  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty- 
seventh,  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth  and  sixtieth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  In  1908  he  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  senate  to  fill  a 
vacancy  for  the  term  ending  in  1911 ;  and 
is  now  serving  the  term  of  1911-17. 

Williams,  John  Skelton,  banker,  railroad 
president,  was  born  July  6.  1865,  in  Pow- 
liattan  county,  Va.  Since  1886  he  has  been  a 
member  of  the  banking  house  of  John  L. 
Williams  and  Sons  of  Richmond,  Va.  Since 
1895  he  has  been  president  of  the  Georgia 
and  Florida  railroad  ;  president  of  the  bank 
of  Richmond ;  and  in  1899  became  president 
Seaboard  Air  Line  System,  comprising  one 
thousand  miles  of  road.  He  is  also  president 
of  several  other  railroads  and  business  cor- 
porations. 

Williams,  John  Stuart,  soldier,  state  leg- 
islator. United  States  senator,  was  born  in 
1820  in  ]Montgomery  county,  Ky.  He  served 
in  the  Mexican  war.  He  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  Kentucky  state  legislature  in  1857. 
He  entered  the  confederate  service  in  1861 
as  colonel  ;  and  was  promoted  to  brigadier- 
general.  In  1875  he  was  again  in  the  legis- 
lature. In  1879-85  he  was  United  States 
senator.  He  died  July  17.  1898,  in  Mount 
Sterling,  Ky. 

Williams,  John  Wilson  Montgomery,  cler- 
gA-man.  author,  was  born  April  7,  1820,  in 
Portsmouth,  Va.     He  was  educated  ii,   the 

academy  in  his  native 
town ;  at  Richmond 
college;  and  at  the 
Columbian  universi- 
ty. He  was  a  the- 
ological student  at 
the  Newton  theologi- 
cal seminary  near 
Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  a  missionary  in 
Virginia;  and  was  in- 
strumental in  the 
erection  of  two 
churches.  In  1848  he 
accepted  a  pastorate  in  Lynchburg.  Va. ; 
and  in  1851  he  was  called  to  Baltimore, 
wliere  he  remained  for  many  years.  He 
was  president  of  the  Maryland  tract  soci- 
ety; vice-president  of  the  Southern  bap- 
tist convention;  several  times  moderator 
of  the  ISIaryland  baptist  union  association; 
and  trustee  of  Columbian  university.  He 
dod    Aug.    8.    1893.    in    Baltimore.   Md. 

Williams,  John  Whitridge,  physician,  ob- 
stetrician,  author,   was   born   Jan.   26,   1866, 


in  Baltimore,  Md.  Since  its  opening  in  1889 
he  has  been  connected  with  the  Johns  Hop- 
kins hospital ;  and  has  been  obstetrician-in- 
chief  since  1899.  He  has  been  professor  of 
obstetrics  in  the  Johns  Hopkins  university  ; 
and  gynecologist  to  the  Union  protestant  in- 
firmary of  Baltimore,  Md.  He  is  the  author 
of  Text-Book  of  Obstetrics ;  and  many  med- 
ical   ^Monographs. 

Williams,  Jonathan,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  May  26,  1750, 
in  Boston,  Mass.     He  was  for  several  years 

a  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  in 
Philadelphia.  He  was 
appointed  major  of 
artillery  in  1801; 
and  inspector  of  for- 
tifications. He  was 
superintendent  o  f 
West  Point  academy; 
was  lieutenant  -  col- 
onel of  engineers  in 
1802;  colonel  i  n 
1808-12;  ^nd  was 
general  of  New  York 
mlitia  in  1812-15.  He  was  elected  a  rep- 
resentative in  congress  from  Philadelphia 
in  1814;  and  was  vice-president  of  the 
American  philosophical  society.  He  was 
the  author  of  On  the  Use  of  the  Ther- 
mometer in  Navigation;  Elements  of  For- 
tification, 1801;  and  Kosciusko's  Move- 
ments for  Horse  Artillerv,  1808.  He  died 
May   16,    1815,   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Williams,  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
an  early  emigrant  to  loAva  ;  in  1838-46  was 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
that  territory;  and  in  1847-55  was  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  state. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  to  the 
same  oflfice  in  Kansas.     He  died  in  Kansas. 

Williams,  Joseph  Hartwell,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  governor,  author,  was  born  Feb.  15, 
1814.  in  Augusta,  Maine.  He  was  president 
of  the  Maine  state  senate  in  1857 ;  and  in 
1857-58  was  the  seventeenth  acting  gover- 
nor. In  1864-66  and  1874  he  was  a  member 
of  the  legislature.  He  was  the  author  of 
A  Brief  Study  in  Genealogy,  treating  of  the 
Cony  family,  to  which  his  mother  belonged. 
He  died   July  19,   1896,  in   Augusta,   Maine. 

Williams,  Joseph  Lanier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1800  in  Ten- 
nessee. In  1837-43  he  was  a  representative 
from  Tennessee  to  the  twenty-fifth,  twenty- 
sixth  and  twenty-seventh  congresses.  He 
was  appointed  an  associate  judge  of  the 
United  States  court  for  the  territory  of  Da- 
kota, residing  at  Yankton.  He  died  in 
Yankton.   N.D. 

Williams,  L.  C,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent. He  is  a  well-known  educator  of 
Maine ;  and  is  president  of  the  Somerset 
academy   of   Athens,    INIaine. 

Williams  Lemuel,  congressman,  was  horn 
about  1742  in  Massachusetts.  In  1799-1805 
he  was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


713 


to  the  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth  congresses. 
Ho  (lied  in  1827  in  Massachusetts. 

Williams,  Lewis,  congressman,  was  born 
Feb.  1.  1786.  in  Surry  countj%  N.C.  He  en- 
tered the  house  of  commons  of  his  native 
state  in  1813 ;  and  was  re-elected  in  1814. 
In  1815-42  he  was  a  representative  in  the 
fourteenth  and  thirteenth  successive  con- 
gresses ;  and  for  his  many  good  qualities  and 
his  long  service,  he  was  known  as  the  father 
of  the  house.  He  died  Feb.  20,  1842,  in 
Wa.shington.  D.C. 

Williams,  Lewis  Alfred,  publislier,  au- 
llior.  was  lioru  Jan.  22,  1849,  in  Bellevue, 
Ohio.  For  many  years  he  compiled  and 
published  city,  county  and  state  histories  in 
Cleveland ;  and  in  1887  established  the 
Magazine  of  Western  History  in  New  York 
City,  which  was  subsequently  consolidated 
with  the  National  Magazine.  He  has  brought 
out  such  work  as  Memorial  History  of  the 
City  of  New  York,  in  four  volumes;  Bench 
and  Bar  of  New  York,  in  two  volumes;  Les- 
lie's History  of  the  Greater  New  York,  in 
three  volumes ;  Leslie's  History  of  the  Re- 
publican Party,  in  two  volumes ;  Bruce's 
Empire  State  in  Three  Centuries,  in  three 
volumes ;  and  other  notable  historical  and 
biographical  works. 

Williams,  Mrs.  Maria  Pray,  actress,  was 
born  1828  in  New  York  City.  She  became 
a  ballet  girl  at  fifteen  years  of  age,  perform- 
ing at  the  Chatham  theater,  and  shortly 
afterward  married  Charles  Mestayer.  After 
his  death  she  married  Mr.  Williams  in  1850  ; 
and  thereafter  generally  appeared  with  him, 
playing  star  e-igagomonts. 

Williams,  Marmaduke,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressman,  was  born  April 
6.  1772,  in  Caswell  county,  N.C.  In  1803- 
09  he  was  a  representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina to  the  eighth,  ninth  and  tenth  con- 
gresses. In  1810  he  moved  with  his  family 
to  Madison  county,  Ala.,  and  thence  to 
Tuscaloosa  in  1818.  He  was  repeatedly 
elected  to  the  legislature ;  and  was  a  dele- 
gate from  Tuscaloosa  county  to  the  conven- 
tion which  framed  the  state  constitution. 
In  1832-42  he  was  judge  of  the  county  court. 
III.  (lied  O.l.  29.  1850.  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala. 

Williams,  Marshall  Jay,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, jurist,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1837,  in  Fay- 
ette county.  Ohio.  He  was  elected  to  the 
Ohio  general  a.ssembly  in  1869  and  1871.  In 
1884-86  he  was  circuit  judge:  and  was  chief 
justice  of  that  court.  In  1866  he  became 
an  associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Ohio.  ITp  died  July  7.  1902.  in  Co- 
liiniliiis.  Oliio. 

Williams,  Mrs.  Martha  McCulloch,  lit- 
tr'rati'ur.  author,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
county,  Tenn.  She  is  the  author  of  Field 
Farings:  Two  of  a  Trade;  Next  to  the 
Oround  ;  and  over  two  hundred  short  stories. 

Williams,  Mary  Ann,  ])liiIanthropist,  was 
horn  An:.'.  10.  1822.  in  Millcdgeville.  Ga.  She 
originated  and  named  April  26  as  a  date 
to  wreathe  the  graves  of  our  martyred  dead 


with  llowers.  She  died  April  15,  1874,  in 
("olvunbus,    Ga. 

Williams,  Mrs.  Mary  Bushnell,  author, 
poet,  was  born  in  1826  in  Baton  Rouge,  La. 
She  has  contributed  to  periodical  literature  ; 
and  her  poetry  has  been  much  admired,  no- 
tably the  verses  entitled  The  Serfs  of  Chate- 
ney.  She  is  the  author  of  a  volume  of  Tales 
and  Legends  of  Louisiana. 

Williams,  Morgan  B.,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  17,  1831,  in  Wales. 
He  was  appointed  to  the  position  of  mine 
superintendent  for  the  Lehigh  and  Wilkes- 
barre  coal  company,  which  position  he  held 
for  fourteen  years.  He  subsequently  leased  a 
tract  of  coal  land  in  the  vicinity  of  Wilkes- 
barre ;  and  organized  a  company  known 
as  the  Red  Ash  coal  company,  and  is  at  pres- 
ent the  vice-president  and  general  manager 
of  the  company,  and  has  been  since  its  or- 
ganization. He  is  president  of  the  AVilliams 
coal  company  of  Pottsville.  He  was  elected 
to  the  senate  of  Pennsylvania  in  1884  ;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  world's  fair  commis- 
sion. In  1897-99  he  was  a  representative  to 
the  lifty-fifth  congress  as  a  republican. 

Williams,  Nathan,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Oneida  county,  N.Y.  In  1805-07  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  Y'ork  to  the 
ninth  congress.  He  served  in  the  state  as- 
sembly from  Onondaga  in  1816-18.  He  died 
in   Onondaga.  N.Y'. 

Williams,  Nelson  C,  soldier.  He  was  a 
veteran  of  the  civil  war ;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  Nov.  30. 
1897.  in  New  York  City. 

Williams,  Nelson  Grosvenor,  soldier,  was 
born  May  4.  1823.  in  Baiubridge.  N.Y.  He 
was  appointed  colonel  of  the  third  Iowa 
volunteers  at  the  beginning  of  the  civil  war; 
and  was  made  brigadier-general  in  1862.  In 
1869  he  entered  the  United  States  custom 
service  in  New  York  City.  He  died  Dec. 
1.   1897.    in   Brooklyn.   N.Y. 

Williams,  Nelson  Monroe,  lawyer,  poet, 
was  born  March  23.  1853.  in  St.  Paris.  Ohio. 
He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  Hamilton  ;  is 
past  grand  master  of  the  grand  lodge  of  Free 
and  accepted  masons  of  Ohio ;  and  is  called 
the    masonic    i)oet    of    Oliio. 

Williams,  Oscar  Waldo,  lawyer,  jurist, 
historian,  was  born  :SIarch  17,  1853.  in  Mt. 
Verron,    Ky.      lu    1876    he    graduated    from 

the  law  school  of  Har- 
vard university  ;  and 
has     since     attained 

C^k  ]ironiinence  at  the  bar 

S  in      Texas      at      Fort 

•^■^R  Stockton.         For      ten 

years  he  has  been 
county  judge  of  Pe- 
cos county.  Texas ; 
and  has  filled  numer- 
ous other  positions  of 
trust  and  honor.  lie 
is  interested  in  early 
Texas  history ;  and  is 
fellow    of    the    Texas    historical    association. 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Williams,  Otho  Holland,  soldier,  was  born 
in  March,  1749,  in  Prince  George  county, 
Md.  In  1775-76  lie  served  in  the  revolu- 
tionary war ;  and  in  1783  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
July  16,  1794,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Williams,  Pardon  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  July  12,  1842,  in  Ellisburgh,  N.Y.  He 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863 ;  and  in 
1869-75  was  district  attorney  of  Jefferson 
county,  N.Y.  Since  1884  he  has  been  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
York  for  the  fifth  district ;  and  is  now  serv- 
ing his  second  term  of  fourteen  years. 

Williams,  Peter,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1780,  in  New  Brunswick,  N.J.  In 
1820  he  became  rector  of  an  episcopal  church 
for  people  of  his  race.  He  was  the  author 
of  Oration  on  the  Abolition  of  the  Slave 
Trade  ;  and  Discourse  on  the  Death  of  Capt. 
Paul  Cuffee.  He  died  Oct.  18,  1840,  in  New 
York  City. 

Williams,  Phineas,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Vermont.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieuten- 
ant in  the  twelfth  regiment  Indiana  infan- 
try ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  in  1865. 

Williams,  Ralph  Olmstead,  lawyer,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  May  12,  1838,  in 
Palmyra,  N.Y.  In  1900-05  he  was  librarian 
of  the  New  Haven  colony  historical  society. 
He  was  a  contributor  to  Webster's  Interna- 
tional Dictionary  and  the  Standard  Dic- 
tionary, Modern  Language  Notes.  He  is  the 
author  of  Our  Dictionaries  and  Other  Eng- 
lish Language  Topics. 

-  Williams,  Reuel,  lawyer,  United  States 
senator,  was  born  June  2,  1783,  in  Hallo- 
well,  Maine.  He  was  a  representative  and 
state  senator  of  Maine  for  twelve  years.  In 
1837-43  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died   July   25,   1862.    in   Augusta   Maine. 

Williams,  Richard,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Nov.  15,  1836,  in  Findlay,  Ohio. 
In  1877-79  he  was  a  representative  from 
Oregon  to  the  forty-fifth  congress  as  a  re- 
publican. 

Williams,  Robert,  clergyman,  publisher, 
was  born  in  1745  in  England.  He  was  the 
first  to  print  methodist  books  in  America; 
and  gave  a  wide  circulation  to  Wesley's 
sermons  until  the  conference  that  admitted 
him  appropriated  the  right  of  publication. 
He  died  Sept.  26,  1775,  in  Norfolk  coun- 
ty.  Va. 

Williams,  Robert,  congressman,  governor, 
was  born  July  12,  1773,  in  Surry  county,  N. 
C.  He  was  an  adjutant-general  of  North 
Carolina.  In  1797-1803  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina  to  the  fifth,  sixth 
and  seventh  congresses.  He  was  appointed 
commissioner  of  land  titles  in  Mississippi 
territory  in  1803.  He  was  governor  of  the 
territory  of  Mississippi  in  1805-09.  He  died 
about    1820    in    Louisiana. 

Williams,  Robert,  soldier,  was  born  Nov. 
5,  1820,  in  Culpepcr  county,  Va.  During  the 
civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  major  and 


brigadier-general  in  the  United  States  army. 
He  was  retired  in  1893.  He  died  Aug.  24, 
1901,   in   Plainfield,   N.J. 

Williams,  Robert  Willoughby,  lawyer, 
was  born  Feb.  21,  1845,  in  Tallahassee,  Fla. 
He  received  his  education  at  the  university 

of  North  Carolina. 
He  served  in  the  con- 
federate states  army 
during  the  civil  war ; 
in  1880  was  colonel 
of  the  Louisiana  state 
troops ;  and  in  1885 
was  judge  advocate- 
general  of  the  Florida 
state  troops.  In  1880- 
82  he  was  president  of 
the  police  jury  for  the 
East  Carroll  parish  of 
Louisiana.  He  is  a 
commissioner  of  Florida  on  the  uniform 
state  laws  ;  a  member  and  past  vice-president 
of  the  conference  of  state  commissioners  on 
uniform  state  laws ;  and  in  1904  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  universal  congress  of  lawyers 
and  jurists  held  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  American  bar  association  ; 
has  been  a  member  of  the  general  council 
since  1888  and  a  member  of  the  uniform  laws 
committee  since  1889  ;  and  is  a  member  of 
the  National  geographical  society.  He  has 
attained  success  as  one  of  the  foremost  law- 
yers of  the  south  at  Tallahassee,  Fla. 

Williams,  Roger,  clergyman,  colonial  gov- 
ernor, author,  was  born  in  1599  in  Wales. 
He  was  a  famous  clergyman  of  Salem, 
Mass. ;  banished  from  the  Massachusetts  Bay 
colony  in  1635  on  account  of  his  views  upon 
religious  liberty.  In  1636  he  founded  the 
city  of  Providence  :  and  in  1655-57  was  colo- 
nial governor  of  Rhode  Island.  He  was  the 
author  of  Key  Into  the  Languages  of  Amer- 
ica ;  The  Bloudy  Tenent  of  Persecution  for 
Cause  of  Conscience ;  The  Bloudy  Tenent 
Yet  ISIore  Bloudy  by  jNIr.  Cotton's  Endeavour 
to  Wash  It  White  in  the  Bloud  of  the 
Lambe  ;  Mr.  Cotton's  Letter  Lately  Printed, 
Examined  and  Answered ;  and  George  Fox 
Digg'd  Out  of  His  Burrowes.  He  died  in 
1683  in  Rhode   Island. 

Williams,  Roger  Butler,  manufacturer, 
banker  was  born  May  8.  1848.  in  Itliaca.  N. 
Y.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  educa- 
tion in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native 
city,  and  in  1868  grad- 
uated from  Yale  col- 
lege. He  is  the  senior 
member  of  Williams 
b  r  o  t  hers,  successful 
manufacturers  of  ag- 
ricultural implements 
and  machinery  of 
Ithaca.  N.Y.  He  has 
been  cashier  of 
the  Merchants'  and 
farmers'  national  bank 
of  Ithaca:  president  of  the  Ithaca  savings 
liank  ;    president  of   the  board  of  education  ; 


HERRINGSHAW"S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


715 


chairman  of  the  board  of  sewer  commission- 
ers ;  besides  filling  various  other  public  posi- 
tions of  honor  with  distinction,  lie  takes 
an  active  part  in  the  political  affairs  of  his 
city,  county  and  state,  and  is  prominent  in 
several  fraternal  orders. 

William,  Rufus  K.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1870  lie  was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Kentucky. 

Williams,  Rufus  Phillips,  educator,  scien- 
tist, auihor,  was  born  .Jan.  3,  1851,  in  Ash- 
field,    Mass.      In    187G    he    graduated    from 

Dart  mouth  college ; 
and  graduated  from 
II  a  r  V  a  r  d  in  1878. 
Since  1883  he  has 
taught  in  the  English 
high  school  of  Boston, 
Mass.,  in  which  insti- 
tution he  has  held  the 
chair  of  chemistry 
since  1885.  In  1891- 
92  he  was  president  of 
the  Massac  husetts 
state  assembly  of  the 
Agassiz  association ; 
for  four  years  was  president  of  the  local 
chapter  of  the  Agassiz  association  ;  in  1900 
and  1901  was  president  of  the  New  England 
association  of  chemistry  teachers;  and  one 
of  the  associate  editors  in  charge  of  the  de- 
I'artment  of  meteorology  in  the  School  of 
science  of  Chicago,  111.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
Introduction  to  Chemical  Science ;  Labora- 
tory Manual  of  General  Chemistry ;  Chem- 
ical Experiments;  General  and  Analytical; 
Laboratory  ^Manual  of  Inorganic  Chemis- 
try; Elements  of  Chemistry;  and  Chemical 
Exercises. 

Williams,  Samuel,  clergyman,  educator, 
author,  was  born  April  23,  1743.  in  Wal- 
lliam.  Mass.  He  was  a  congregational  cler- 
gyman ;  and  Hollis  professor  of  mathemat- 
ics at  Harvard  university  in  1780-88.  He 
was  the  author  of  A  Natural  and  Civil  His- 
tory of  \'erniont  ;  and  Ilistoi-y  of  the  .\mor- 
ican  Itcvoiutiou.  He  died  Jan.  2.  1817,  in 
Rutland.  Vt. 

Williams,  Samuel,  pioneer,  author,  was 
iiorii  O.I.  If,.  178G,  in  Carlisle,  Pa.  He 
served  in  the  war  of  1812.  An  account  of 
this  military  expedition,  written  by  him.  was 
published  in  1870  entitled  Two  Western 
Cainiiiiigns.  He  was  also  the  author  of  In- 
structions to  Sur\eyors-General  of  Public 
Lands.  He  dii-il  E.b.  3.  1859.  in  Cincin- 
tiiiti.   Ohio. 

Williams,  Samuel  Gardiner,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  bi)rn  in  1827.  He  was  |uin<i))al 
of  sciiools  at  (Jroton.  Ithaca  and  Seneca 
Kalis.  N.Y.  In  1878-98  he  was  a  professor 
at  Coniell  university.  He  was  the  author  of 
History  of  Modern  Education.  He  died  in 
1900   ill   Sen.'<M    Falls.   N.Y. 

Williams,  Samuel  P.,  bankr-r.  legislator, 
founder,  was  born  Jan.  20.  1814.  in  Lebanon. 
Conn.  He  is  president  of  the  National  stale 
i)auk  of  Indiana.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Indiana  house  of  representatives  in  1856  and 


1857.  In  1854  he  founded  a  female  seminary 
at  Lima  ;  and  sustained  it  for  over  twelve 
years,  when  it  was  purchased  by  the  town 
for  a  public  school.     He  died  in  Lima,  Ind. 

Williams,  Samuel  Wells,  educator,  jour- 
nali.'^t.  author,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1812,  in 
Utica,  N.Y.  He  was  a  secretary  and  in- 
terpreter of  the  American  legation  in  China 
for  many  years  ;  and  after  1877  professor  of 
Chinese  at  Yale  university.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  China,  the  Middle  Kingdom ;  Easy 
Lessons  in  Chinese ;  Chinese  Commercial 
Guide ;  Tonic  Dictionary  of  the  Chinese 
Language  in  the  Canton  Dialect;  Syllabic 
Dictionary  of  Chinese;  and  Chinese  Topog- 
rapliy.  He  died  Feb.  16,  1884,  in  New  Ha- 
ven.  Conn. 

Williams,  Samuel  Wright,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist,  state  senator,  author,  was  born 
Aug.  28.  1828,  in  York  county,  S.C.  He  was 
a  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  confederate  army. 
He  was  special  supreme  judge  of  Arkansas ; 
attorney-general  of  Arkansas;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate.  lie  died  in  Little 
Rock.  Ark. 

Williams,  Seth,  soldier,  was.  born  March 
22.  1822,  in  Augusta.  Alaine.  He  was  ad- 
jutant of  the  military  academy  in  1850-53  ; 
and  subsecjuently  served  in  the  adjutant- 
general's  department  until  his  death.  In 
1861  he  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in 
the  volunteer  army  ;  and  was  promoted  lieu- 
tenant-colonel in  1862.  He  died  March  23, 
1866.  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Williams,  Sherman,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  21.  1846.  near  Cooperstown,  N.Y. 
He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  education 
in  the  public  schools ;  and  graduated  from 
the  Albany  normal  college.  He  has  been 
superintendent  of  schools  at  Flushing,  N. 
\ . :  and  is  now  superintendent  of  schools  at 
Glens  Falls,  N.Y.  He  is  also  a  successful 
educator  of  teachers'  institutes  in  the  state 
of  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of  a  series 
of  supplementary  readers  known  as  Choice 
Literature;  a  series  of  short  biographies  en- 
titled Sticcessful  Americans;  Selections  for 
Memorizing;  an<l  Stories  from  Early  New 
York   History. 

Williams,  Sherrod,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1S.").'>-41  he  was  a  ret)- 
resentati\e  from  KcMtucky  to  the  twenty- 
fourth,  twenty-fifth  and  twenty-sixth  con- 
gresses.     He    (lied    in    Kentucky. 

Williams,  Stephen  West,  physician,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  burn  March  27.  1790.  in 
Deerlield.  Mass.  He  was  a  physician;  and 
was  medical  professor  in  Willoughby  univer- 
sity. Ohio,  in  1838-53.  He  was  the  author  of 
Cati'chisni  of  Afedieal  Jurisprudence;  .Vmer- 
icaii  Medical  Biograjihy  ;  siml  The  Williams 
Family  in  .\nieri<a.  II<'  die-l  July  9.  1855. 
in    Laconia,    III. 

Williams,  Theodore  Chickering,  educator, 
author,  was  born  July  2.  1855.  in  Brookline. 
.Mass.  In  1883-96  he  was  pastor  of  .\11 
souls  unitarian  church  of  New  York;  in 
] 899-1 905  was  head  master  of  the  Hackley 
school   of  Tarrvtown.    N.Y.  :    and   in   19^7-09 


716 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


was  head  master  of  the  Roxbury  Latin  school 
of  Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Char- 
acter Building  ;  Elegies  bi  Tibullus  ;  and  Vir- 
gil's ^neid ;  the  two  latter  works  being 
translations. 

Williams,  Thomas,  surgeon,  jurist,  was 
born  April  1,  1718,  in  Newton,  Mass. 
He  settled  in  Deerfield,  Mass. ;  and  was 
judge  of  probate  and  of  common  pleas.  He 
was  the  leading  physician  in  the  region.  He 
died  Sept.  28,  1775,  in  Deerfield,  Mass. 

Williams,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author 
was  born  Nov.  5,  1779,  in  Pomfret,  Conn. 
He  was  a  congregational  clergyman  of  Prov- 
idence. He  was  the  author  of  Tea  Sermons 
on  Important  Subjects ;  The  Domestic 
Chaplain  ;  and  Rhode  Island  Sermons.  He 
died  Sept.  29,  1867,  in  Providence,  R.I. 

Williams,  Thomas,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  28,  1806,  in 
Greensburg,  Pa.  He  was  a  state  senator 
from  Pittsburg  in  1838-41.  In  1863-69  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  thirty-eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  in 
Pennsylvanift. 

Williams,  Thomas,  soldier,  educator,  was 
born  in  1815  in  New  York  state.  He  was 
made  a  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in 
1861.  He  died  Aug.  5,  1862,  in  Baton 
Rouge,  La. 

Williams,  Thomas,  agiiculturist,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1825,  in 
Greenville  county,  Va.  He  was  a  represen- 
tative in  the  state  legislature  in  1878.  In 
1879-85  he  was  a  representative  from  Ala- 
bama to  the  forty-sixth,  forty-seventh  and 
forty-eighth   congresses  as  a  democrat. 

Williams,  Thomas  H.,  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  in  1795  in  Virginia.  He 
moved  to  the  northern  part  of  INIississippi 
soon  after  the  cession  of  Indian  territory  to 
that  quarter.  In  1817-29  and  1838-39  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  Mississippi. 
He  died  in  Mississippi. 

Williams,  Thomas  Hill,  government  offi- 
cial, United  States  senator,  was  born  in  1780 
in  North  Carolina.  In  1805  he  was  appoint- 
ed register  of  the  land  office ;  and  commis- 
sioner for  deciding  land  claims  in  the  ter- 
ritory of  Mississippi.  He  subsequently  held 
the  office  of  collector  of  the  port  of  New 
Orleans.  He  was  TTnited  States  senator 
from  Mississippi  in  1817-31.  He  died  about 
1840   in  Robertson  county,  Tenn. 

Williams,  Thomas  Lanier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1786,  in  Sus- 
sex county,  N.C.  He  was  several  times  a 
representative  and  also  a  state  senator  of 
Tennessee.  For  a  short  time  he  was  one  of 
the  judges  of  the  supreme  court.  In  1836-52 
he  was  chancellor.  He  died  Dec.  3,  1856, 
in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Williams,  Thomas  Scott,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  legislator,  congressuian,  was  born  Tune 
26,  1777,  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.  He  repre- 
sented the  town  of  Hartford  in  the  Connec- 
ticut general  assembly  in  1813-29.  In  1817- 
19   he   was   a   representative   from  Connecti- 


cut to  the  fifteenth  congress.  In  1829  he 
was  appointed  an  associate  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  errors ;  and  in  1834  was  ap- 
pointed chief  justice.  He  was  mayor  of 
Hartford  in  1831-35  ;  and  in  1847  resigned 
his  position  as  chief  justice.  He  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1848 ;  and  for  twenty 
years  was  president  of  the  American  asy- 
lum for  the  deaf  and  dumb.  He  died  Dec. 
15,  1861,   in   Hartford.   Conn. 

Williams,  Thomas  W.,  merchant,  legisla- 
tor, congressman,  was  born  Sept.  28,  1789, 
in  Stonington,  Conn.  In  1839-43  he  was  a 
representative  from  Connecticut  to  the 
twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  congress- 
es. He  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  in 
1846;  and  was  presidential  elector  in  1848. 
He  died  in  Connecticut. 

Williams,  Walter,  journalist,  curator,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  2,  1864,  in  Boonville, 
]\Io.  In  1887  he  was  president  of  the  Mis- 
souri press  association;  and  in  1892  was 
president  of  the  national  editorial  associ- 
ation. Since  1890  he  has  been  editor  of 
the  Herald  of  Cohimbia,  Mo.  He  is  the 
author  of  How  the  Captain  Saved  the  Day; 
Some  Saints  and  Some  Sinners  in  the 
Holy    Land;    and    The    State    of    Missouri. 

Williams,  William,  clergyman,  author,  Avas 
born  Feb.  2,  1665,  in  Newton,  Mass.  He 
was  pastor  at  Hatfield  in  1685-1741.  He 
published  numerous  sermons  and  theologi- 
cal treatises;  and  commanded  a  wide  in- 
Hucnce  in  his  community.  He  died  Aug. 
29,   1741.  in  Hatfield,  Mass. 

Williams,  William,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  was  born  April  IS, 
1731,  in  Lebanon,  Conn.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  assembly  of  Connecticut;  was 
a  justice  of  the  peace;  and  for  nearly  one 
hundred  sessions  was  a  member,  clerk  or 
speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives.  At 
ilic  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  revo- 
lution he  was  a  member  of  the  council  of 
safety,  and  was  one  of  the  signers  of  the 
declaration  of  independence.  In  1776-78  and 
1783-84  he  was  a  delegate  from  Connecti- 
cut to  the  continental  congress.  When  the 
government  treasury  was  drained,  he  gave 
to  his  country  what  he  called  his  last  mite, 
which  amounted  to  more  than  two  thou- 
sand dollars;  and  was  very  fortunate  in  ob- 
taining donations  from  others.  He  died 
Auc   2,    1811.   in    Independence,   Conn. 

Williams,  William,  publisher,  was  born 
Oct.  12,  1787,  in  Framingham,  Mass.  In 
1829  he  published  Light  on  Masonry,  which 
brought  upon  him  the  ill-will  of  the  Ma- 
sons. He  was  an  elder  in  the  Presbyterian 
church;  and  the  organizer  and  superinten- 
dent of  one  of  the  earliest  Sunday-schools 
in  America.  He  raised  a  company  of  vol- 
unteers in  1813  for  the  relief  of  Sackett's 
Harbor,  and  served  elscAvhcre  in  the  war, 
remaining  after  its  close  as  colonel  of  the 
militia  regiment  in  Utica.  He  died  June 
10.  IS.'-.O,  in  Utica,  N.Y. 

Williams,  William,  founder,  was  born 
April   14,  1788,  in  Norwich,  Conn.     He  was 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


717 


one  of  the  founders  of  the  Norwich  free 
academy.  He  died  Oct.  28,  1870,  in  Norwich, 
Conn. 

Williams,  William,  banker,  legislator, 
raihoad  president,  congressman,  was  born 
Sept.  t),  1815,  in  Bolton,  Conn.  He  became 
a  banker  and  railroad  president.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  legislature  of  New  York 
in  18G()-G7.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  forty-second  congress.  He  died 
in   I'.ullalo.  X.Y. 

Williams,  William,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  ]\Iay  11,  1821,  near 
Carlisle,  Pa.  In  1864  he  was  appointed  an 
additional  paymaster  in  the  United  States 
army.  In  1867-75  was  a  representative 
from  Indiana  to  the  fortieth,  forty-first, 
lorty-seeond    and    forty-third   congresses. 

Williams,  William  Asbury,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  May  30,  1854,  in 
Beallsville,  Ohio.  Since  1SS7  he  has  been 
president  of  Franklin  college  of  West  Vir- 
ginia. He  has  published  Silver  Tones,  a 
temperance  song  book;  Song  Jewels,  a 
Sunday-school  song  book;  Music  Chart;  and 
Pailiamcntary   Chart. 

Williams,  William  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  July  28, 
1826,  in  Pittsford,  N.Y.  He  was  elected 
judge  of  probate  in  Michigan  in  1856  and 
1860:  and  was  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1866  and  1868.  In  1873-77  he  Avas  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  forty-third  and  forty- 
fourth   cDngn-sscs. 

Williams,  William  Benjamin,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  May  28,  1841,  in  Wales. 
He  has  been  a  pastor  of  churches  both  in 
the  congregational  and  in  the  presbyterian 
denoiiiiiiatioiis;  and  is  now  a  ])resbyterian 
Sabbatli-seiiool  missionary  in  Tacoma, 
Wash.  He  is  the  author  of  a  number  of 
well  known  hymns  which  have  been  pub- 
lished in  Sacred  Songs,  Uplifted  Voices,  and 
(ithiT     standard     works. 

Williams,  William  £lza,  lawyer,  congress- 
)nan,  was  born  May  5,  1857,  in  Detroit, 
111.  In  lSS6-'t2  he  was  state's  attorney 
of  Pike  county,  111.  In  1899-1005  he  was 
a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the  fifty- 
feixth,  fifty-seventh,  (ifty-eighth.  fifty-ninth, 
eixtieth,  sixty-first,  sixty-.second  and  sixty- 
thinl  congresses  as  a  deniocrat. 

Williams,  William  George,  educator,  was 
born  Feb.  25,  1822,  in  Ciiillicothe,  Ohio.  In 
1844  he  was  appointed  to  a  ])lace  in  the 
first  faculty  of  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity of  Delaware.  His  chair  is  that  of 
Greek  language  and  literature.  In  1864 
he  was  chaplain  of  the  one  hundred  and 
forty-fifth  regiment,  Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try. In  1898  he  was  the  only  survivor  of 
the  original  faculty  of  the  Ohio  Wesleyan 
university.  He  served  fifty-six  consecutive 
years.  He  died  Jan.  .11,  1902,  in  Delaware, 
Ohio. 

Williams,  William  L.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1898  he  was  jtuige  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Missouri   to  fill  a  vacancy. 


Williams,  William  R.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  14,  1804,  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  a  baptist  clergyman  of  New  York 
City;  pastor  of  Amity  street  church  in 
1832-85.  He  was  the  author  of  Religious 
Progress;  God's  Rescues;  Discourses  on 
Luke;  Miscellanies;  Lectures  on  the  Lord's 
Prayer;  Lectures  on  Baptist  History;  and 
Kras  and  Characters  of  History.  He  died 
Ajjiil    1,   1885,  in  New   York  City. 

Williams,  William  Robert,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  13,  1867,  in  Watertown, 
Wis.  He  is  a  noted  physician  of  New  York 
Ciiy;  and  attending  physician  to  the  city 
hospital.  He  is  instructor  of  therapeutics 
at  the  college  of  physicians  and  surgeons 
of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author  of 
Essentials   of   the  Practice   of  Medicine. 

Williamson,  Hugh,  educator,  physician, 
surgeon,  congressman,  author,  born  Dec. 
5,  1735,  in  Nottingham,  Pa.  In  1760  he 
was  appointed  professor  of  mathematics 
in  the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  house  of 
commons;  and  in  1782-85  and  1787-88  he 
was  a  delegate  from  North  Carolina  to 
the  continental  congress.  He  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  convention  whicli  framed  the 
constitution  of  the  United  States,  and 
signed  the  same.  In  1789-93  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the 
first  and  second  congresses.  He  was  the 
author  of  Climate  of  America;  and  History 
of  North  Carolina.  He  died  May  22,  1819,  in 
Xew   York  City. 

Williamson,  Isaac  Dowd,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  4,  1807,  in  Pomfret, 
Vt.  He  was  a  universalist  clergyman  of 
Cincinnati  and  other  cities.  He  was  the 
author  of  Argument  for  the  Truth  of  Chris- 
tianity; The  Crown  of  Life;  Philosophy 
of  Odd  Fellowship;  Philosophy  of  Univer- 
salism;  and  Rudiments  of  Theological  and 
Moral  Science.  He  died  Nov.  26,  1876,  in 
('iiu-iiuiati.    Oliio. 

Williamson,  Isaac  Halsted,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  governor,  was  born  in  1769,  in 
Elizabethtown,  N.J.  He  was  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Jlorris  county,  N.J. ;  and  in 
1817  was  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  as- 
sembly. Ho  was  the  eighth  governor  and 
chancellor  of  New  Jersey  in  1817-29; 
and  was  president  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1844.  He  died  July  10, 
1844,   in    Elizabethtown.  N.J. 

Williamson,  Isaiah  Vansant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Feb.  3,  1803,  in  Fallsington, 
Pa.  He  established  a  fund  of  five  million 
dollars  in  1888;  and  placed  it  in  the  hands 
of  a  board  of  seven  trustees  for  the  pur- 
pose of  establisl'ing  a  free  school  of  mechan- 
ical trades.  He  died  March  7,  1889,  in  Phil- 
adelphia. Pa. 

Williamson,  James  Alexander,  soldier, 
lawyer,  was  born  Feb.  8.  1829.  in  Adair, 
Ky.  At  the  close  of  the  Atlanta  campaign 
he  was  promoted  to  brevet  brigadier-gen- 
eral and  brigadier-general;  and  later  to  bre- 


718 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


vet  major-general.  In  1876-81  be  was  com- 
missioner of  the  general  land  office  at 
Washington,  D.C.  He  died  Sept.  7,  1902. 
Williamson,  John,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  April  lU,  1826,  in  Scotland.  Many  of 
his  paintings  are  scenes  near  Hudson  river 
and  in  the  Catskills.  They  include  Trout 
Fishing;  American  Trout;  Summit  of  Cho- 
corua;  Autumn  in  the  Adirondacks ;  In 
the  Mohawk  Valley;  Sugar-Loaf  Mountain; 
and  The  Palisades.  He  died  May  28,  1855, 
in    (Mlenwood-on-the-Hudson,  N.Y. 

Williamson,  John  Newton,  stockman, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov. 
8,  1855,  in  Lane  county.  Ore.  In  1866-88  he 
was  sheriff  of  Cook  county;  in  1888-90  and 
in  1898-1900  was  a  member  of  the  Oregon 
state  legislature;  and  in  1900-02  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate.  In  1903-07 
he  was  a  representative  from  Oregon  to  the 
Fifty-eightn  and  fifty-ninth  congresses  as 
a  republican. 

Williamson,  John  Poage,  clergyman,  mis- 
sionary, author,  was  born  Oct.  27,  1835, 
in  Lac  qui  Parle,  Minn.  He  attended  the 
academies  of  Salem,  Ohio,  and  Mount  Pala- 
tine, 111.;  Knox  college;  Marietta  college, 
where  he  received  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and 
A.M. ;  and  in  1860  graduated  from  the 
Lane  theological  seminary  of  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  He  received  the  honorary  degree 
of  D.D.  from  Yankton  college  of  South 
Dakota.  In  1859  he  was  licensed  to  preach; 
and  supplied  a  church  at  Allensville,  Ind. 
Since  1860  he  has  been  engaged  in  mission- 
ary work;  and  has  devoted  himself  to 
preaching  in  the  Indian  tongue.  It  was 
largely  through  his  efforts  tiiat  thirty 
churches  have  been  established  having  six- 
teen hundred  Indian  members;  and  he  has 
also  labored  for  their  material  improve- 
ment. In  1873-79  he  was  special  United 
States  agent  for  the  Flandreau  Indians. 
For  several  years  he  published  an  Indian 
periodical.  He  is  the  author  of  Oowa 
Wowapi;  Dakota  Odo'wan;  and  An  English- 
Dakota    Dictionary. 

Willing,  John  Thomson,  designer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  5,  1860,  in  Canada.  He 
\vas  educated  in  the  Model  school  of  On- 
tario, Canada;  and  studied  in  the  Ontario 
art  school.  He  is  a  designer  and  makes  a 
specialty  of  book  plates.  He  is  art  man- 
ager of  the  Associated  Sunday  Magazines; 
and  the  American  lithographic  company  of 
New  York.  He  is  an  associate  of  the  Royal 
Canadian  academy;  and  a  member  of  the 
Salmagundi  club  of  New  York.  He  is  the 
author  of  Some  Old  Time  Beauties;  and 
Dames    of   High   Degree. 

Williamson,  Joseph,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  Oct.  5,  1828,  in  Belfast,  Maine.  He  was 
city,  solicitor;  judge  municipal  court;  and 
])resident  Belfast  free  library.  He  was  the 
iuitlun-  of  The  ]\Iaine  Register  and  State 
Reference  Book;  Bibliograpliy  of  Maine; 
and  History  of  Belfast.  He  died  in  1902,  in 
Belfast,    Maine. 


Williamson,  Julia  May,  author,  poet,  was 
born  March  13,  1859,  in  New  Sharon,  Maine. 
She  is  the  autiior  of  Echoes  of  Time  and 
Tide;  The  Choir  of  the  Y'ear;  and  Star  of 
Hope  and  Other  Songs.  She  died  May  21, 
1!)0S. 

Williamson^  Mrs.  Mary  Lynn,  educator, 
author,  was  born  ]\Iay  4,  1850,  in  Charlottes- 
ville, Va.  Since  1865  she  has  been  engaged 
in  educational  work.  She  is  the  author  of 
Life  of  General  Robert  E.  Lee;  Life  of  Gen- 
eral  J.   Jackson;    and   Life    of   Washington. 

Williamson,  Robert  Stockton,  soldier,  au- 
tiior, was  born  in  1824,  in  New  York.  He 
was  a  soldier  and  military  engineer.  He 
was  tlie  author  of  Report  of  a  Reconnois- 
sance  in  California  for  Pacific  Railroad 
Route;  Use  of  the  Barometer  on  Surveys; 
and  Practical  Tables  in  Meteorology.  He 
died   Nov.    10.    1SS2,   in    San    Francisco,   Cal. 

Williamson,  Samuel  Eladsit,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  April  19,  1844.  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio.  He  was  general  counsel  of  the  New 
York,  Chicago  and  St.  Louis  railroad  com- 
pany. He  served  as  judge  of  court  of  com- 
mon j)leas  at  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  died  in 
1903,   in   Glenville,  Ohio. 

Williamson,  Thom,  naval  officer,  was  born 
Aug.  5,  1833,  in  Edenton,.  N.C.  In  1853  he 
was  appointed  third  assistant  engineer  in 
tlie  United  States  navy;  and  in  1861  be- 
came chief  engineer.  In  1895  he  retired 
from  active  service.  In  1906  he  was  given 
the  title  of  chief  engineer  with  the  rank 
of    rear-admiral. 

Williamson,  Walter,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  4,  1811,  in  Newton.  Pa.  In 
1848-59  he  was  a  professor  in  Homa?opathic 
medical  college  of  Pennsylvania;  and  in 
1860  was  made  professor  emeritus.  He  was 
the  author  of  Diseases  of  Females;  and 
Instructions  Concerning  Diseases  of  Females. 
He   died  Dec.   19,   1870.  in   Phihidelpliia,   Pa. 

Williamson,  William  Durkee,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  senator,  congressman,  governor, 
author,  was  born  Julj^  31,  1779,  in  Canter- 
bmy,  Conn.  He  was  for  seven  years  in 
the  ^Massachusetts  state  senate,  before  tlic 
separation  of  INIaine;  and  was  a  Maine  state 
senator  in  1821.  In  1821-23  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  IMaine  to  the  seventeenth 
congress.  He  was  a  jiidge  of  probate  in 
1838-41.  He  Avas  the  author  of  a  History 
of  IMaine.  He  died  ilay  27,  1846,  in  Bangor, 
Maine. 

Willian,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  Eng- 
land. In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  in 
the  sixth  regiment  NeAv  Y^ork  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  vohuiteers.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out  in   1865. 

Willich,  August,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ger- 
many. In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  and 
adjutant  in  ninth  regiment  Ohio  infantry; 
and  in  1865  Avas  brevetted  brigadier-gener- 
al   of   volunteers.      He    died   Jan.   23,    1878. 

Willie,  Asa  Hoyle,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,    was    born    Oct.    11,    1829,    in 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


7^9 


Washington,  Ga.  In  1852  he  was  elected 
attorney  of  tlie  tliird  district  of  Texas.  He 
served  in  the  confederate  army  during  the 
civil  war.  In  1866-67  he  was  one  of  the 
judges  of  tiie  supreme  court  of  Texas.  In 
1873-73  lie  was  a  representative  to  tlie  for- 
ty-third congress.  He  died  in  1899,  in  (Jal- 
vcstuii,  Texas. 

vV^illing,  Jennie  Fowler,  educator,  temper- 
ance k'cturer,  was  born  Jan.  22,  1834,  in 
Camilla.  She  was  professor  of  Englisli 
hxnguage  and  literature  at  the  Illinois  Wes- 
h'van  university;  and  as  a  pioneer  in  the 
temperance  cause  was  one  of  the  lirst  cru- 
saders. She  was  elected  iirst  president  of 
the  National  woman's  christian  temperance 
union;  and  became  first  editor  of  its  or- 
gan. Our  I'nion. 

Willing,  John  Thomson,  artist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  5,  1860,  in  Canada.  He  was 
educated  in  the  Model  school  of  Toronto, 
Canada;  and  studied  art  in  the  Ontario 
art  school.  He  is  a  designer  of  book  plates. 
He  is  art  manager  of  the  Associate  Sun- 
day magazines;  and  art  manager  of  the 
American  Lithographic  company  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  an  associate  Royal  aca- 
demician; and  a  member  of  the  Salma- 
gundi club  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  Some  Old  Times  Beauties;  and 
Danii's    of   High   Degree. 

William,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  banker, 
congressman,  was  born  Dec.  19,  1731,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was  one  of  the  first 
to  suggest  resisting  the  British  in  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1774  he  was  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  chairman  of  a  revolutionary  meeting 
in  1774;  and  in  177.'5-76  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  continental  con- 
gress. He  was  president  of  the  first  char- 
tered bank  in  America.  He  died  Jan.  19, 
1821,   in   Pliiladelpliia,  Pa. 

Willis,  Albert  Sydney,  lawyer,  dijjlomat, 
congressman,  was  born  Jan.  22,  1843,  in 
Sliclhyviili',  Ky.  He  was  county  attorney 
in  ls7()-78.  In  1877-87  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Kentucky  to  the  forty-fifth,  for- 
ty-sixth, forty-seventh,  forty-eightii  and 
forty-ninth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  In 
1893  he  was  api)ointed  minister  to  Hawaii. 
He   died   Jan.   26,   1897,  in   Honolulu,  H.I. 

Willis,  Alfred,  clergyman,  bishop,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  3,  1836,  in  England.  Since 
1872  he  has  been  prutestant  episcO|)al 
Anglican  bishop  of  Honolulu.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  translation  of  three  hundred 
hymns   into  the  Hawaiian    language. 

Willis,  Anson,  lawyer,  jurist,  legislator, 
autlHH-.  was  l)orn  Jan.  28,  1802,  in  I'Ister 
county,  N.Y.  He  represented  New  York 
City  in  the  state  assembly  in  183')-36. 
Afterward  be  served  two  terms  as  judge 
of  the  sixth  judicial  district  court  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  the  autlior  of  Our 
Rulers  and  Our  Rights,  or  Outlines  of  the 
Cnited  States  rJovernnient;  and  left  un- 
finished   Origin    of    all    the    Nations    of    the 


Earth.  He  died  Dec.  14,  1874,  in  Port- 
chester,  N.Y. 

Wiles,  Benjamin  A.,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1840  in  Roslyn,  N.Y. 
In  1862  he  entered  the  army  as  captain 
of  a  company  raised  at  his  own  expense, 
which  was  assigned  to  the  one  hundred 
and  nineteenth  regiment  New  York  volun- 
teers. In  1875-79  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  forty-fourth  and 
forty-hfth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He 
died  Oct.   15,   1886,  in  New   York  City. 

Willis,  Evander  Berry,  journalist,  was 
born  Aug.  19,  1847,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 
I'or  several  years  he  was  reporter  and  cor- 
respondent for  the  New  York  Herald,  and 
became  editor  and  owner  of  The  Mail  of 
Middleton,  N.Y.  He  has  since  filled  edi- 
torial positions  on  The  Daily  Union  of 
Madison,  Wis.;  The  Chronicle  and  Tlie  Bul- 
letin, of  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  was  editor- 
in-chief  of  The  Chronicle  of  Virginia  City, 
Nev.;  city  editor  of  The  Democrat  of 
Scranton,  I*a. ;  and  is  now  the  managing 
editor  of  the  Record  Union  of  Sacramento, 
Cal.,  one  of  the  foremost  daily  newspapers 
on  the  Pacific  coast. 

Willis,  Francis,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Jan.  5,  1725,  in  Frederic  county,  Va. 
In  1791-93  he  was  a  representative  from 
Georgia  to  the  second  congress.  He  died 
Jan.  25,   1829,  in  Maury  county,  Tenn. 

Willis,  Frank  B.,  congressman,  lawyer, 
was  born  Dec.  28,  1871,  in  Lewis  Center, 
0.  He  taught  school  in  the  Ohio  northern 
university;  and  now  practices  law.  In  1911- 
15  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to 
the  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses 
as  a  republican. 

Willis,  Henry  Augustus,  soldier,  banker, 
was  born  Nov.  2(),  1830,  in  Fitchburg,  Mass. 
In  1862-63  he  served  in  the  civil  war  as 
adjutant  of  tlie  fifty-third  regiment  Massa- 
chusetts voluteer  infantry.  Since  1873  he 
has  been  ])resident  of  the  Rollstone  bank  of 
Fitchburg,  Mass.  He  is  also  president  of 
the  Fitchburg  and  Leominster  street  rail- 
way company;  and  a  director  of  several 
successful  manufacturing  concerns.  In  1866 
he  was  a  representative  in  the  Massachu- 
setts state  legislature;  in  1873  was  presi- 
dent of  the  common  council  of  Fitchburg; 
and  for  seventeen  years  up  to  1890  was 
treasurer  of  that  city.  In  1863  he  became 
a  trustee  of  the  public  library  and  since 
1890  has  been  chairman  of  its  board;  and 
in  1890-1^02  was  jnesident  of  the  Fitch- 
burg historical  soeiety.  Since  1861  he  has 
also  been   ;i   justice  of   the  peace. 

Willis,  Henry  Parker,  educator,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Aug.  14,  1874,  in  El- 
mira.  N.Y.  In  1S98-19(I1  lie  was  a  pro- 
fessor; and  sinre  191)3  has  licen  Wilson  pro- 
fessor of  eeiniomics  and  jiolitical  science  in 
the  Wasliiiigfon  and  U'e  university.  He 
is  the  author  of  History  of  the  Latin  in 
^foiiefaiy  I'liinii:  and  ()iir  I'liilippine  Prob- 
lem. 


720 


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lings 
Inklings 


Willis,  John  Calvin,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1866,  in  Law- 
renceburg,  Ky.  Since  1906  he  has  been  pres- 
ident of  the  university  of  Louisville,  Ky. 
Willis,  Jonathan  Spencer,  clergyman, 
congressman,  was  born  April  5,  1830,  in  Ox- 
ford, Md.  He  filled  pastorates  in  Maryland, 
Delaware,  Philadelphia,  New  York  City 
and  Stamford,  Conn.  He  retired  from  the 
ministry  in  1884;  and  settled  on  a  farm 
near  Milford,  Del.  In  1895-97  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fifty-fourth  congress  as 
a  republican. 

Willis,  Nathaniel,  journalist,  was  born 
June  6,  1780,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1803  he 
established  the  Eastern  Argus  at  Port- 
land, Maine;  the  Boston  Recorder  in  1816, 
which  was  the  first  religious  newspaper  in 
America;  and  the  Youth's  Companion  in 
1827,  the  first  American  juvenile  paper.  He 
died  May  26,  1870,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Willis,  Nathaniel  Parker,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Jan.  20,  1806,  in  Portland,  Maine. 
He    was    the    author     of     Sacred     Poems; 

Melanie ;  Lady  Jane, 
and  Humorous  Po- 
ems; and  Poems  of 
Passion;  wiiile  his 
prose  comprises  Hur- 
ry Graphs;  People  I 
Have  Met;  Pencil- 
by  the  Way; 
of  Adven- 
tures; Letters  from 
Under  a  Bridge; 
Famous  Persons  and 
Places;  A  Summer 
Cruise  in  the  Medi- 
terranean; The  Convalescent;  Out-Doors  at 
Idlowild;  Paul  Fane,  a  novel;  Al  Abri,  and 
other  works  of  lesser  importance.  He  died 
.Ian.  20,    1867,  in  Hudson,  N.Y. 

Willis,  Richard  Storrs,  jomnalist,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Feb.  10,  1819,  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.  He  eaited  the  New  York  Mu- 
sical World  and  Once  a  Week  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  the  author  of  Church  Chorals 
and  Choir  Studies;  Our  Church  Music;  a 
Book  for  Pastors  and  IVople;  aiul  Carols 
and  ^lusic  Poems.  He  contributed  to  Na- 
tional Hj-mns  (1861)  and  to  the  American 
edition  of  the  Life  of  Felix  Mendelssohn- 
Bartholdy.  He  died  May  7,  1900,  in  De- 
troit. Mieli. 

Willis,  William,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  31,  1794,  in  Haver- 
hill, Mass.  In  1820  on  the  organization  of 
Maine  he  became  its  first  chief  justice.  In 
1S55  he  was  elected  to  the  ISIaine  state 
senate;  and  in  1859  became  mayor  of  Port- 
land. He  was  the  author  of  History  of 
Portland;  and  History  of  the  Law,  Courts 
and  Lawyers  of  Maine.  He  di",d  Feb.  17, 
1870.  in  Portland,  Maine. 

Williston,  Ebenezer  Bancroft,  educator, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  in  1801 
in  Tunbridge,  Vt.  He  was  president  of  the 
Jelforson  college  of  Mississippi.  He  was 
the    author    of    Eloquence    of    the    United 


educator, 
July    10, 


States,   in  five   volumes.    He   died   Dec.  28, 
1837,  in  Norwich,  \'t. 

Williston,  Edward  Bancroft,  soldier,  was 
born  July  15,  1836,  in  Vermont.  During 
the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  cap- 
tain. In  1898  he  was  appointed  brigadier- 
general  of  the  United  States  volunteers; 
and  in  1904  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of 
])rigadier-general  retired. 

Williston,  Lorenzo  P.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He 
was  judge  of  one  of  the  United  States  ter- 
ritorial   courts   sometime   prior   to    1884. 

Williston,  Payson,  litterateur,  author, 
was  born  in  1763  in  West  Haven.  He  was 
the  author  of  Annals  of  the  American  Pul- 
pit. He  died  Jan.  30,  1856,  in  Easthamp- 
ton.    ^lass. 

Williston,  Samuel,  manufacturer,  philan- 
tluopist,  was  born  June  17,  1795,  in  East- 
hampton,  Mass.  In  1840  he  established  the 
Williston  seminary  in  Easthampton,  Mass., 
to  which  he  gave  in  all  nearly  a  half  mil- 
lion dollars.  He  died  July  18,  1874,  in 
Pliiladelpliia.   Pa. 

Williston,     Samuel     Wendell, 
paleontologist,    author,    was    born 
1852,    in    Boston,    Mass.     He    attended    the 

public  schools  of  Man- 
hattan,  Kan.;    gradu- 
'''**''^^  ated  from  the  Kansas 

jj^^^  agricultural        college 

^^^^M  where  he  received  the 

^l§l^jt^^^l  degrees    B.S.    and    A. 

^[^^^^^P  M.;   and  received  the 

O^^^^^F  honorary     degrees    of 

^^^^p  M.D.   and  Ph.D.  from 

"^yf^^^^^^  Yale    university.      In 

-^^^^^^-  1888-90  he  was  health 
officer  of  New  Haven, 
Conn.;  in  1876-90  was 
a  professor  of  Y'ale 
university;  in  1890-1902  was  professor  of 
geology  and  anatomy  and  dean  of  the  med- 
ical department  of  the  university  of  Kan- 
sas; in  1898-1900  was  a  member  of  the 
Kansas  state  board  of  health;  and  in  1900- 
02  was  a  member  of  the  Kansa^  board  of 
medical  examiners.  Since  1902  he  has  been 
professor  of  paleontology  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of  Man- 
ual of  North  American  Diptera;  and  sev- 
eral other  medical  works   and  reports. 

Williston,  Setb,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  April  4,  1770,  in  Suflfield,  Conn.  He 
was  a  presbyterian  clergj^man  in  New  York 
state.  He  was  the  author  of  Discourses  on 
the  Sabbath;  Moral  Imperfections  of  Chris- 
tians; Harmony  of  Divine  Truth;  and  Mil- 
lennial Discourses.  He  died  March  2,  1851, 
in  Guilford  Center,  N.Y. 

Williston,  Timothy,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1805  in  New  York.  He  was  a 
prc^sbyterian  clergyman.  He  was  the  author 
of  Ortliodox  Paths  Restored;  Talks  to  My 
Bible  Class;  Christ's  Millennial  Reign;  and 
Pr(>niinni  Essays.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Willits,  Edwin,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  April  24,  1830,  in  Otto,  N.Y.  In  1860- 
62  he  was  prosecuting  attorney  of  Monroe 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


721 


county,  Mich;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  "^  board  of  education  in  1860-72.  He 
was  postmaster  at  Monroe  in  1863-G6.  In 
1877-83  he  was  a  representative  from  Mich- 
igan to  the  forty-tifth,  forty-sixth  and  for- 
ty-seventh congresses  as  a  republican.  In 
1885  he  was  elected  president  of  the  state 
agricultural  college.  He  died  Oct.  24,  1896, 
in   Wasliington,   D.C. 

Willmarth,  James  Willard,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1833,  in  Paris, 
France.  He  was  educated  at  home  in  New 
England;  and  has  received  the  honorary 
degrees  of  D.D.  from  Carson  college  and 
LL.D.  from  the  South  Western  university 
of  Tennessee.  In  1860  he  was  or- 
dained to  the  baptist  ministry;  and  filled 
pastorates  in  Metamora,  111.,  Amenia,  N. 
Y.,  Wakefield,  Mass.,  Pemberton,  N.J.,  and 
in  1878-02  was  pastor  and  later  pastor 
emeritus  of  the  Roxborough  church  of  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  In  1891-1902  he  was  man- 
ager of  the  American  baptist  publication 
society;  was  a  trustee  of  the  Crozcr  the- 
ological seminary;  and  in  1890-92  was  pres- 
ident and  later  a  trustee  of  the  George 
Nugent  home  for  baptists  in  Germantown, 
Pa.  In  1882-83  he  was  editor  of  the  Ad- 
vance Quarterly.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Baptist  Question  Book.  He  died  in 
.lune,   1911. 

Willoston,  Lorenzo  P.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  New  York.  He  moved  to  Pennsyl- 
vania; and  was  appointed  from  that  state 
an  associate  justice  of  the  United  States 
court  for  the  territory  of  Dakota.  He  died 
in  the  West. 

Willoughby,  Hugh  Laussat,  yaclitsnian, 
.scientist.  ;Tronaut.  autlior,  was  born  in 
1S.')()   ill   Solitude,  N.Y.    He  graduated  from 

the     engineering     de- 
partment  of   the  uni- 
versity of  Pennsylva- 
nia ;    and    graduated 
from      the      United 
States  naval  war  col- 
lege.   He  is  the  first 
cliampion    all    around 
atlilete    of     the     uni- 
versity of  Pennsylva- 
nia;    winner    of     the 
Pennsylvania  first  in- 
tercollegiate   cup; and 
the  first  man  to  wear 
Red    and    Blue.     In    1879    he    organized 
third  bicycle  club  in  America;   and  was 
of  the   organizers   and  the   first   treas- 
of  the  League  of  American  wlieelmen. 
a    member    of    the   New    York    yacht 
founder   and   member   of   tlie   Aero 
America;    a    member   of   the   Tnter- 


is 


the 
the 
one 
urei 
He 

club;    a 
club   of 

national  aeroplane  club;  a  member  of  the 
National  geographic  society;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  tlie  Academy  of  natural  science.  He 
organized  and  commanded  the  Rhode  Is- 
land naval  reserve  for  three  years.  He  is 
the  author  of  Across  the  Kverglades. 

Willoughby,    John    Wallace    Cunningham, 
college    |)resident,   was    born    Aug.   20,    1845, 


in  Knox  county,  Tenn.  In  1883-91  he  was 
president  of  the  Washington  college  in 
Tennessee. 

Willoughby,  Westel,  Jr.,  congressman. 
In  1815-17  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  fourteenth  congress.  He 
died  in  New  York. 

Willoughby,  Westel  Woodbury,  scientist, 
author,  was  born  July  20,  1867,  in  Alex- 
andria, Va.  He  is  professor  of  political  sci- 
ence in  Johns  Hopkins  university  of  Balti- 
more, j\Id.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Study 
in  Political  Philosophy;  The  Rights  and 
Duties  of  American  Citizenship;  The  Po- 
litical Theories  of  the  Ancient  World;  and 
The    American    Constitutional    System. 

Willoughby,  William  FrankUn,  statisti- 
cian, lecturer,  author,  was  born  July  20, 
1867,  in  Alexandria,  Va.  In  1888  he  gi-ad- 
uated  from  the  Johns  Hopkins  university. 
In  1890-1901  he  was  expert  in  the  United 
States  department  of  labor;  and  since  1901 
has  been  treasurer  of  Porto  Rico.  He  has 
several  times  represented  the  department 
of  labor  at  international  congresses;  and 
has  lectured  on  economics  at  Harvard  and 
at  Johns  Hopkins  universities.  In  1901  he 
was  appointed  treasurer  and  since  1907 
has  been  secretary  of  Porto  Rico.  He  is 
the  author  of  Workingmen's  Insurance; 
and  Territories  and  Dependencies  of  the 
United   States. 

Wills,  David,  educator,  clergyman,  college 
president,  was  born  Jan.  7,  1825,  in  Adams 
county,  Pa.  In  1850  he  was ,  ordained  to 
the  ministry  of  the  presbj^terian  church; 
and  filled  pastorates  in  Laurensville,  S.C., 
and  in  Macon,  Ga.  In  1870-74  he  was  pres- 
ident of  the  Oglethorpe  university  of  At- 
lanta, Ga.;  and  is  now  pastor  emeritus  of 
the  Disston  memorial  cluirch  of  Philadel- 
phia,   Pa. 

Wills,  James,  philanthropist,  was  born 
in  1760  in  England.  He  bequeathed  to  the 
mayor  and  corporation  of  Philadelphia  and 
to  their  successors  forever  more  than  one 
hundred  and  twenty-two  thousand  dollars, 
to  found  the  Wills  hospital  for  the  relief 
of  indigent  blind  and  lame.  He  died  in 
lS:i()  in   Piiiladelpiiia,  Pa. 

Willson,  Augustus  Everett,  lawyer,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  Oct.  13,  1846,  in  Mays- 
ville.  Ky.  He  received  his  preparatory  ed- 
ucation at  tlie  Alfred  university;  and  in 
1869  gra<luated  from  Harvard  university 
where  he  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  In 
1875-76  he  was  chief  clerk  of  the  treasury 
de]>artineiit ;  and  four  times  was  a  republi- 
can noiiiinee  for  congress.  He  was  a  del- 
egate to  the  r(']ml)lican  national  conven- 
tions of  1888.  1892.  1904  and  1908.  In  1907 
he  became  governor  of  the  state  of  Kcn- 
tiickv    for    the    fcnii    ending   in    1011. 

Willson,  David  Burt,  educator,  clergyman, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1842. 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  a  clergyman  of 
the  Reformed  presbyterian  church;  ami  in 
1870-75  filled  a  pastorate  in  Allegheny,  I'a. 
Since    1875    he    has    been    ]>rofessor    of    bib- 


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HERRING  SHAW  S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY". 


Heal  literature  in  tlie  Reformed  presby- 
terian  tlieological  seminary  of  AUeglieny, 
Pa.  He  is  an  associate  editor  of  tlie  Chris- 
tian Xatioii  of  Xew  York. 

Willson,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Conwell,  author, 
poet,  was  born  June  26,  1842,  in  New  Al- 
bany, Ind.  A  volume  of  her  poems  was 
j)rinted  privately  in  1865.  >She  died  Oct. 
i:],   1804.   in   Cambridge,  Mass. 

Willson,  Forceythe,  journalist,  poet,  was 
born  April  10,  1837,  in  Little  Genesee,  N. 
Y.  He  was  on  the  staff  of  the  Louisville 
Journal.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Old 
Sergeant,  and  Other  Poems.  He  died  Feb. 
2,  lSt)7,  in  Alfred.  X.Y. 

Willson,  Frederick  Newton,  educator,  au- 
thor, A\as  born  Dec.  23,  1855,  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  Since  1883  ho  has  been  an  expert  in 
the  United  States  department  of  labor. 
He  is  a  professor  descriptive  geometry, 
stereotomy  and  technical  drawing  in  Prince- 
ton university.  He  is  the  author  of  a  se- 
ries of  text  books  on  descriptive  geometry 
and  its  applications. 

Willson,  James  McLeod,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Nov.  17,  1809,  in 
Elizabeth,  Pa.  He  was  a  reformed  pres- 
byterian  clergyman  of  Philadelphia;  and 
from  1858  professor  at  Allegheny.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  I>eacon;  Bible  Magis- 
tracy, Civil  Govfinment;  Social  Religious 
Covenanting;  and  Witnessing.  He  died  in 
IPK)   ill    Pliihidelphia,  Pa. 

Willson,  James  Renwick,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, autliur,  was  born  April  !),  1780,  near 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.  He  was  a  reformed  pres- 
byterian  clergyman  in  New  York  and 
Pennsylvania;  and  from  1838  professor  of 
tlieology.  He  was  the  author  of  History 
of  the  Church  of  Scotland;  The  Written 
Law;  and  Historical  Sketch  of  Opinions 
on  the  Atonement.  He  died  Sept.  29,  1853, 
in  Coldonham,  N.Y. 

Willson,  Lester  Sebastian,  soldier,  mer- 
cliant,  was  born  Jiuie  16,  1839,  in  Canton, 
N.Y.  In  1801  he  enlisted  as  a  private  sol- 
dier; served  throughout  the  civil  war;  and 
attained  the  rank  of  colonel  and  brevet 
brigadier-general.  In  1867  he  located  in 
^Montana  and  was  engaged  in  overland 
frciglitiug.  banking  and  mercantile  pursuits. 

Willson,  Marcius,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  8,  1813,  in  West  Stockbridge, 
.Mass.  He  was  an  educator  of  ^'iTleland, 
N.J.  He  was  the  author  of  Civil  Polity 
and  Political  Economy;  Mosaics  of  Bible 
History;  Atlas  of  Perspecity,  Lanscat  Ar- 
ciiitcctural  Drawing;  School  and  Family 
Headi'rs;  and  many  school  text-books.  He 
(lied    in    l!t()5   in   \'ineland,  N.J. 

Wilm,  Emil  Carlj  educator,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  12.  1877,  in  Germany.  Since 
1905  he  lias  been  professor  of  philosophy 
and  education  at  the  Washburn  college  of 
To])eka,  Kan.  He  is  the  author  of  Tlie 
Plii]nso])hy    of    Schiller. 

Wilmarth,  Lemuel  Everett,  painter,  artist, 
was  born  Nov.  11.  1835.  in  Attleboro,  Mass. 
In    1873    he   became    a    member   of   the    Na- 


tional academy  of  design.  He  is  an  editor 
of  the  New  Earin.  Among  his  works,  prin- 
cipally genre  pictures,  are  Captain  Nathan 
Hale;  Guess  What  I  Have  Brought  You; 
Left  in  Charge;  Ingratitude;  Feat  of  Cour- 
age; A  Plea  for  the  Homeless;  Pick  of  the 
Orchard;   and  Sunny  Italy. 

Wilmarth,  Seth,  manufacturer,  inventor, 
Avas  born  Sejjt.  8,  1810,  in  Brattleboro,  Vt. 
He  became  a  machinist  in  Pawtucket,  R.I.; 
and  in  1855  was  appointed  superintendent 
and  master-mechanic  of  the  Charlestown 
navy  yard.  Among  his  patents,  numbering 
about  twenty,  were  those  for  his  revolving 
turrets,  fnd  for  the  hydraulic  lift  for 
raising  the  turret  shafts  on  monitor  ves- 
sels. He  died  Nov.  5,  1886,  in  Walden, 
]\lass. 

Wilmeir,  Joseph  Pere  Bell,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  Feb.  11,  1812,  in  Kent 
county,  31d.  He  Avent  to  England  in  1863 
to  purchase  Bibles  for  the  confederate 
army;  was  captured  on  his  return  voyage; 
and  for  a  sliort  time  confined  in  the  old 
Capitol  prison  at  Washington,  D.C.  He 
became  bishop  of  Louisiana  in  1866.  He 
died   Dec.  2,    1S7S,  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Wilmer,  Lambert  A.,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  about  1805.  He  was  a  Philadel- 
pliia  journalist.  He  was  the  author  of  New 
System  of  Grammar;  The  Quacks  of  Heli- 
con: Life  of  De  Soto;  Our  Press  Gang,  an 
I'Lxiiosition  of  the  Corruptions  of  American 
Newspapers;  Recantation:  a  Poem;  Som- 
nia;  and  Liberty  Triumpliant.  He  died  Dec. 
21.  1863,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Wilmer,  Richard  Hooker,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Marcii  15,  1816,  in  Alexandria, 
Va.  He  was  successively  rector  of  several 
cliurches  in  Virginia:  and  of  St.  James's, 
Wilmington,  N.C.  In  1862  he  was  conse- 
crated protestant  episcopal  bishop  of  Ala- 
bama. He  is  the  author  of  The  Recent 
Past  from  a  Southern  Standpoint;  and 
Guide-Book  for  Young  Churchmen.  He  died 
.lime   14.   1900,  in  Mobile,  Ala. 

Wilmer,  William  Holland,  clergyman, 
was  born  in  Kent  county,  Md.,  Oct.  29,  1782. 
On  his  motion  the  Church  of  England  in 
tlie  colonics  adopted  the  name  of  the  prot- 
estant episcopal  church.  In  1819  he  began 
the  publication  of  the  Washington  Theo- 
logical Repertory,  and  he  continued  in  con- 
nection with  it  until  1826.  During  his  pas- 
torate in  Alexandria  he  built  tiie  present 
St.  Paul's  church;  was  an  originator  of  the 
Education  society  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia, and  its  president  for  several  years. 
In  1826-27  he  was  preside  nt  of  William  and 
T\Iai"\'  college,  and  rector  of  the  church  in 
Williamsburg.  He  died  July  24,  1827,  -in 
Williamsburg,  Va. 

Wilmot,  David,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
iriaii.  United  States  senator,  was  born  .Ian. 
20,  1814.  ill  IJethany,  Pa.  In  1845-51  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  twenty-ninth,  thir- 
tieth and  thirty-first  congresses;  and  was 
subsequently  president  judg'^  of  the  thir- 
teenth    judicial     district     of     Pennsylvania. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


723 


In  1861-63  he  was  United  States  senator. 
He  was  a  delegate  to  the  peace  congress 
of  1861;  and  in  1863  was  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  court  of  claims.  He  died  March  16, 
1868.  in   Towanda,  Pa. 

Wilmshurst,  Zavarr,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  2.3,  1824,  in  Enghmd.  He 
was  a  journalist  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Viking,  an  epic;  The 
Winter  of  the  Heart,  and  Other  Poems; 
The  Siren;  and  Ralph  and  Rose,  a  Poem. 
He    died    dan.    27.    1887,    in    Brooklyn,    X.Y. 

Wilsbire,  Henry  Gaylord,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  7,  1861,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  In  1884-1900  he  was  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits :  and  since  1900  has  been 
editor  and  publisher  of  Wilsliire"s  Maga- 
zine. He  is  the  author  of  Socialism  Inev- 
itable;   and   Wilshire's   Editorials. 

Wilshire,  William  Wallace,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist,  congressman,  was  born  Sept. 
8,  1830.  in  Gallatin  county.  111.  In  1863  he 
was  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Arkansas.  In  1867  he  -iias  appointed  so- 
licitor-gen»'ral  of  Arkansas  at  Little  Rock; 
and  in  1868-71  was  chief  justice  of  one  of 
the  state  courts.  In  1873-74  and  1875-77 
he  was  a  representative  from  Arkansas 
to  the  forty-third  and  forty-fourth  con- 
gresses. He  died  Aug.  19,  1888,  in  Wash- 
ington.  D.C. 

Wilson,  Adair,  lawyer,  state  senator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Xov.  16,  1841,  in  Saline  coun- 
ty, Mo.  In  187o  he  was  a  member  and 
president  of  the  Colorado  territorial  leg- 
islative council:  and  declined  the  democrat- 
i<:  nomination  for  governor  in  1880.  In 
1886-90  he  was  state  senator;  and  in  1897- 
1903  was  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  of 
Colorado. 

Wilson,  Alexander,  ornithologist,  author, 
was  born  .July  (i.  1766.  in  Scotland.  He  was 
a  Scottish  ornithologist  and  poet  wlio 
came  to  America  in  1794.  He  is  often  called 
the  Father  of  Anu'rican  Ornithology.  He 
was  the  autlior  of  Watty  and  Meg.  a  nar- 
rative poem;  and  American  Oniitliology, 
or  the  Natural  Historv  of  the  Birds  of  the 
Inifed  States.  He  died  Aug.  23,  1813,  in 
Philadelphia.  Pa. 

Wilson,  Alexander,  congressman,  was 
born  ill  N'iigiiiia.  In  1803-09  he  was  a  rej)- 
resentative  from  N'irginia  to  the  eiglith, 
ninth  and  tenth  congresses.  He  died  in 
\irgiiiia. 

Wilson,  Allen  Benjamin,  inventor,  was 
born  Oct.  18.  1824,  in  W  illet.  N.V.  His 
first  patent  bears  the  date  of  Nov.  12,  18.10, 
iind  is  the  fifti'cnth  on  the  patent  ofrice 
record  for  an  imitroved  sewing  machine. 
The  first  machine,  completed  early  in  18.')1, 
was  sold  for  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
dollars;  and  for  a  time  this  output  was 
limited  to  eight  or  ten  machines  a  week. 
The  demand  soon  increased,  and  tiiey  re- 
moved to  Bridgeport;  there  they  estai)lish- 
ed  the  largest  factory  of  its  kind  in  the 
world,  making  six  hundred  machines  a  day. 
He  died  April  29.  1888,  in  Woodmont,  Conn. 


Wilson,  Alonzo  Edes,  journalist,  prohi- 
bitionist, author,  was  born  Feb.  5,  1868,  in 
Madison,    Wis.    He    has    been    secretary    of 

six  state  and  three 
national  prohibition 
conventions;  and 
since  1902  has  been 
chairman  of  the  Illi- 
nois prohibition  state 
committee.  In  1904 
he  was  a  member  of 
the  Illinois  general 
assembly.  He  is  sec- 
retary and  manager 
of  the  United  prohi- 
bition press.  He  is 
the  author  of  Prohi- 
bition Hand  Book;  and  American  Prohibi- 
tion Year  Book. 

Wilson,  Alpheus  Waters,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, author,  was  born  Feb.  5,  1834,  in  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  took  episcopal  tours  around 
the  world  in  1886,  1888,  1890  and  in  1898. 
Since  1882  he  has  been  bishop  of  the  mcth- 
odist  episcopal  church  south  of  Baltimore, 
Md.  He  is  the  author  of  Missions;  and 
Witnesses  to  Christ. 

Wilson,  Augusta  Jane  Evans,  philan- 
llnopist,  author,  was  born  May  8,  1835,  in 
Columbus,  Ga.  During  the  ciVil  war  she 
was  an  active  and  zealous  sympathizer  for 
the  south;  and  was  a  benefactor  to  the 
soldiers  that  were  stationed  near  her  coun- 
try home.  In  1868  she  married  L.  M.  Wil- 
son of  Mobile,  Ala.  She  is  the  author  of 
Inez,  a  Tale  of  the  Alamo;  Beulah,  which 
was  the  novel  that  established  her  repu- 
tation;   St.  Elmo;    and  other  works. 

Wilson,  Benjamin,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  April  30,  1825,  in  Harrison  coun- 
ty, Va.  He  was  attorney  for  the  common- 
wealth in  Harrison  county  in  18.52-60.  In 
1875-83  he  was  a  representative  from  West 
Virginia  to  the  forty-fourth,  forty-fifth, 
forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh  congresses 
as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  1901  in  Clarks- 
burg, W.Va. 

Wilson,  Benjamin  Frank,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  was  born  March 
12.  1862.  near  :\Iayesville,  S.C.  During  1880- 
84  he  attended  the"  Davidson  college,  North 
Carolina,  and  in  1885-88,  the  theological 
seminary  of  Princeton,  N.J.  For  three 
years  he  was  pastor  of  the  First  presbyte- 
rian  church  <of  Spartansburg,  S.C;  and 
since  1890  has  been  president  of  the  Con- 
verse college,  the  first  undenominational 
l>rivate  endowed  college  for  women  in  the 
south.  He  has  attained  success  in  educa- 
tional work,  and  has  contributed  e.xten- 
.-iv(dy  to  current  literature  on  that  and 
kindred    subjects. 

Wilson,  Benjamin  Lee,  educator,  foujider, 
was  borii  Nov.  ."1.  lSti7,  in  Newark.  Ohio. 
In  1893-1900  he  was  headmaster  of  the 
New  'S'ork  military  academy.  In  1900  he 
founded  the  Wilson  school  for  boys  of 
which  he  is  headmaster  and  owner. 


724 


HERRING  SHAW'S  LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wilson,  Bird,  lawyer,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1777,  in  Car- 
lisle, Pa.  He  was  professor  of  systematic 
divinity  in  the  Episcopal  general  theological 
seminary  of  Pennsylvania  in  1821-51.  He 
was  secretary  of  the  house  of  bishops  in 
1829-41.  He  died  April  14,  1859,  in  New 
Yorii  City. 

Wilson,  Calvin  Dill,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  July  12,  1857,  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
In  1880  he  was  ordained  to  the  presbyterian 
ministry  ;  and  fills  a  pastorate  in  Glendale, 
Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Story  of  the 
Cid,  for  Young  People  ;  Making  the  Most  of 
Ourselves ;  The  Faery  Queeue  for  Young 
People ;  and  Chaucer  for  Young  People. 

Wilson,  Charles  A.,  physician,  surgeon, 
founder,  was  boin  in  1856  in  Ilarrisonville, 
Ohio.  In  1879  he  graduated  from  the  med- 
ical college  of  Ohio ;  and  received  the  fac- 
ulty prize  of  a  gold  medal  for  excellence  in 
all  departments.  He  is  now  a  prominent 
orthopipdic  surgeon  of  Indianapolis,  Ind. ; 
and  is  proprietor  of  tlie  National  surgiial 
institute  of  that  city. 

Wilson,  Charles  Branch,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  20,  1861.  in  Exoter,  Maine. 
Since  1896  he  has  been  professor  of  biology 
and  head  of  the  natural  science  department 
of  the  state  normal  school  of  Westfield, 
Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Nature  Study  for 
(Jranmiar  Grades ;  Laboratory  Outlines  in 
Zoology  and  Botany  ;   and  other  works. 

Wilson,  Clarence  True,  clcMgyman,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  April  24.  1872,  in 
Milton,  Del.     He  received  the  rudiments  of 

his  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  Wil- 
mington, Del. ;  and 
Princess  Anne,  Md. ; 
attended  St.  John's 
college  and  the  uni- 
versity of  southern 
(jalifornia.  He  has 
had  the  degrees  of  A. 
B.  and  Ph.D.  con- 
ferred upon  him.  He 
entered  the  ministry 
at  the  age  of  sixteen  ; 
and  was  known  as 
the  Delaware  boy  preacher.  He  has  filled 
pastorates  in  the  methodist  episcopal  church 
at  Seaford,  Del. ;  Sea  Cliff,  N.Y. ;  Pasadena. 
Cal.;  and  is  now  filling  a  pastorate  in  the 
First  methodist  episcopal  church  of  Santa 
Monica,  Cal.  He  has  attained  success  as  a 
clergyman,  lecturer  and  author,  and  has 
contributed  extensively  to  current  literature. 
He  has  been  candidate  for  congress  on  the 
prohibition  ticket.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Kings  That  Are  to  Be. 

Wilson,  Charlesi  Irving,  army  surgeon, 
was  born  May  3,  1837,  in  Washington,  D.C. 
In  1861  he  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon 
in  the  United  States  army ;  and  as  such 
served  throughout  the  civil  war.  In  1901 
he  retired  with  the  rank  of  colonel ;  and  in 
1904  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general in  the  United  States  army. 


Wilson,  Daniel  Munro,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was 'born  April  24,  1848,  in  Scotland. 
In  1872  he  became  a  pastor  of  the  unitarian 
church  at  Melrose,  Mass. ;  in  1879  became 
pastor  of  the  first  church  at  Quincy,  Mass. ; 
in  1898  became  pastor  of  the  third  unitarian 
congregational  church  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y. ; 
and  is  now  pastor  of  the  first  church  at 
Northfield,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of 
Chapel  of  Ease  and  Church  of  Statesmen ; 
Where  American  Independence  Began ;  and 
Quincy,    Old    Braintree    and    Berry    Mount. 

Wilson,  David,  legislator,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  17,  1818,  in  West  Hebron,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  state 
assembly  in  1852 ;  and  in  1854  declined  a 
nomination  for  congress.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Life  in  Whitehall:  a  Tale  of  Ship- 
Fever  Times ;  Solomon  Northrup,  or  Twelve 
Years  a  Slave ;  and  Life  of  Jane  McCrea. 
He  died  June  9.  1887,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Wilson,  E.  K.,  congressman.  In  1827-31 
he  was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  twentieth  and  twenty-first  congresses. 
He  died  in  Maryland. 

Wilson,  E.  Willis,  lawyer,  state  legisla- 
tor, governor,  was  born  in  1844  in  Harper's 
Ferry,  W.Va.  In  1870  he  was  elected  a  dele- 
gate in  the  West  A^irginia  state  legislature; 
and  in  1872  was  elected  state  senator.  In 
1874  he  moved  to  Charleston,  W.Va. ;  and 
in  1876  was  twice  elected  to  the  lower  house 
of  the  state  legislature.  In  1885-90  he  was 
the  sixth  governor  of  West  Virginia.  He 
(lied   in  1905  in  Charleston,  W.Va. 

Wilson,  Edgar,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
iiorn  Feb.  25,  1861,  in  Armstrong  county, 
Pa.  For  three  years  he  attended  the  uni- 
versity    of     Michigan 

~I<aiii^H^k. ^     ^^  ^'^^^  Arbor;  and  in 

^^^TJjBfcjj^       1884    graduated    from 
^^^^^^     the      law     department 
^^^^H     of  that  institution.   In 
Sjjj^H     1884  he  went  to  Idaho 
^^f^^H     and    located    at    Boise 
^If^^H     City,    where    he    prac- 
'ff      ticed  his  profession  of 
law.     In  1887  he  was 
elected     city    attorney 
of  Boise  City  ;  and  in 
1888    was   elected    dis- 
trict attorney.  In  1890 
he  served  as  a   member  of  the  constitutional 
convontion   which   framed  the  state  constitu- 
tion.     In   1895-97   and   1899-1901   he   was   a 
representative  from  Idaho  to  the  fifty-fourth 
;ni(l   fifty-sixth  congresses  as  a  republican. 

Wilson,  Edgar  C,  congressman,  was  born 
in  :\Iorgantown,  Va,  In  1833-35  he  was  a 
representative  from  Virginia  to  the  twenty- 
third  congress.  He  died  in  May,  1860,  in 
Morgantown,   Va. 

Wilson,  Edmund  Beecher,  zoologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  19,  1856,  in  Geneva,  111. 
He  is  professor  of  zoology  at  Columbia  uni- 
versity of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  Atlas  of  Karyokinesis  and  Fertiliza- 
tion; and  The  Cell  in  Development. 


A 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


725 


Wilson,  Edward  H.  C,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1851-57  be  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Michigan. 

Wilson,  Edward  Livingston,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  March  4,  1838,  in  Flem- 
ington,  N.J.  He  conducted  several  large 
photographic  enterprises,  one  to  Egypt, 
Palestine  and  Arabia  inclfidiug  Petra.  He 
was  the  author  of  In  Scripture  Lauds ;  and 
numerous  photographic  books.  He  died 
June  23,  1903,  in  Vineland,  N.J. 

Wilson,  Edward,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  about  1830.  He  received  his  education 
in  public  and  private  schools ;  attended  sev- 
eral theological  sem- 
inaries ;  and  received 
the  degree  of  D.D.  He 
has  also  received  sev- 
eral honorary  degrees 
from  various  institu- 
tions. He  is  an  elo- 
quent speaker ;  and 
became  eminent  as  a 
minister  of  the  re- 
formed episcopal 
church.  He  has  ad- 
dressed various  as- 
semblies ;  and  has 
filled  important  pastorates.  In  1902  he  be- 
came bishop  of  the  Reformed  episcopal 
church  at  Metuchen,  N.J.  His  sermons 
show  careful  study  and  thought ;  and  he  has 
contributed  valuable  articles  to  current,  re- 
ligious and  educational  publications.  About 
1906  he  was  retired  on  account  of  failing 
health  and  age ;  and  resides  in  Metuchen, 
N.J. 

Wilson,  Ella  Calista,  educator,  author, 
was  born  in  1851  in  Boston,  Mass.  For 
four  years  she  taught  school  in  Boston, 
Mass.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Royal  Hunt ; 
and  Pedagogues  and  Parents. 

Wilson,  Emmett,  congressman,  lawyer, 
was  boni  Sept.  11,  1882.  in  British  Hon- 
duras. He  has  been  states  attorney.  In 
1913-15  he  was  a  representative  from  Flor- 
ida to  the  sixty-third  congress. 

Wilson,  Ephraim  K.,  congressman.  In 
1827-31  lie  was  a  representative  from  Mary- 
land to  the  twentieth  and  twenty-first  con- 
gresses.    He  died   in   Maryland. 

Wilson,  Ephraim  King,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  I'nited  States  senator,  was 
born  Dec.  22,  1821,  in  Snow  Hill,  Md.  He 
was  a  representative  in  the  Maryland  legis- 
lature in  1847  ;  and  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1852.  In  1871-73  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Maryland  to  the  forty-second 
congress.  He  was  judge  of  tlie  first  judicial 
circuit  of  Maryland  in  1878-84  ;  and  in  1885- 
91  he  was  United  States  senator  from  Mary- 
land, lie  died  Feb.  24,  1891,  in  Washing- 
ton. D.C. 

Wilson,  Epiphanius,  elergynian.  autli(tr, 
was  horn  in  1845  in  England.  He  is  the 
author  of  Nugse,  Greek  and  Latin  Verses; 
Dante  Interpreted ;  and  Cathedrals  of 
France. 


Wilson,  Ervin  A.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Nov.  23,  1856,  in  Lehi,  Utah.  He  has  filled 
numerous  positions  in  Provo  City,  Utah ; 
was  superiutendeut  of  schools  of  his  county  ; 
aud  president  board  of  education.  In  1896 
he  was  elected  for  a  term  of  five  years  as 
judge  of  the  fourth  district  court  of  state 
of  Utah. 

Wilson,  Eugene  Benjamin,  civil  engineer, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Nov.  27,  1857, 
in  New  Haven,  Conn.  In  1880  he  engaged 
in  mining  ;  and  is  principal  of  the  school  of 
ore  mining  and  metallurgy  in  the  Interaa- 
tioual  correspondence  schools  at  Scranton, 
Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  Practical  and  The- 
oretical Mine  Ventilation;  Cyanide  Process- 
es ;  Hydraulic  and  Placer  Mining ;  and  Ihl- 
seng  and  Wilson's  Manual  of  Mining. 

Wilson,  Eugene  M.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Dec.  25,  1833,  in  Morgan  county, 
\a.  He  was  United  States  district  attorney 
tor  Minnesota  in  1857-61.  He  served  as  a 
captain  in  the  war  for  the  union.  In  1869- 
71  he  was  a  representative  from  Minnesota 
to  the  forty-fii-st  congress  as  a  democrat.  He 
died  April  10.  1890,  in  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Wilson,  F.  L.  A.,  physician,  surgeon,  was 
born  in  West  Virginia.  In  1887  he  graduat- 
ed from  the  college  of  physicians  and  sur- 
geons of  Baltimore,  Md. ;  and  now  has  an 
extensive  practice  in  East  Virginia  at  Blue- 
field.  He  is  a  prominent  member  in  medical 
societies ;  and  has  filled  several  positions  of 
trust  and  honor. 

Wilson,  Fletcher  Aloysius,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Feb.  7,  1836,  in  England.  In  1859 
he  was  appointed  third  assistant  engineer  in 
the  United  States  navy ;  in  1871  became 
chief  engineer  ;  and  in  1906  was  retired  with 
the  rank  of  rear  admiral.  He  died  in  1908. 
Wilson,  Floyd  Baker,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  23,  1845,  in  Watervliet,  N. 
Y.     In  1873-80  he  practiced  law  in  Chicago. 

III. ;  and  since  1880 
has  practiced  law  in 
New  York  City,  his 
specialty  being  cor- 
poration and  Spanish- 
American  mining  law. 
He  is  the  author  of 
Up  Hill,  a  novel ;  and 
I'aths  to  Power;  Man 
L  i  m  i  t  le  s  s  ;  and 
Through  Silence  to 
Realization  and  the 
Discovery  of  the  Soil. 
He  has  translated  the 
comedy  of  La  (.'oja  y  el  Encogido. 

Wilson,  Francis,  actor,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  7,  1854,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
starred  in  comic  opera  ;  became  leading  com- 
edian of  the  McCaull  opera  company  of  New 
York  ;  and  has  played  leading  comedy  roles 
in  his  own  company.  The  Little  Corporal 
is  one  of  his  popular  characters.  He  is  the 
author  of  Some  Attentions;  and  Recollec- 
tions of  a  Player. 

Wilson,  Francis  Henry,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Westmoreland,  N.Y.     He 


726 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


took  a  prominent  part  in  the  organization  of 
the  Union  league  club  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y., 
of  which  he  was  president  for  four  years. 
In  1895-97  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
fifty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth  congresses  as  a 
republican.  In  1897  he  was  appointed  post- 
master of  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Wilson,  Frank  E.,  physician,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1857  in  lioxbury,  N.Y.  Since 
1889  he  has  practiced  medicine  in  Brooklyn, 
N.Y.  In  1899-1915  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  fifty-sixth,  fifty-sev- 
enth, fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty- 
first,  sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses. 

Wilson,  Franklin,  clergyman,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  8,  1823,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  For  many  years  beginning  with  1851 
he  was  the  editor  of  the  True  Union,  a  bap- 
tist weekly  paper  published  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  He  has  long  been  a  trustee  of  the  Co- 
lumbian university  of  Washington,  D.C  He 
is  the  author  of  a  prize  essay  on  The  Duties 
of  Churches  to  Their  Pastors ;  and  of  sev- 
eral essays  and  tracts. 

Wilson,  George,  educator,  merchant,  bank- 
er, author,  was  born  Oct.  6,  1842,  in  Iowa. 
He  was  a  clerk,  teacher,  prospector,  post 
trader  and  contractor  in  the  west ;  and  then 
until  1899  was  engaged  in  banking  at  Lex- 
ington, Mo,,  where  he  was  president  of  the 
La  Fayette  county  bank.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Greenbackers  and  Their  Doctrine ; 
National  Banking  Examined  ;  and  The  Fin- 
ancial I'hilosophy.  He  died  March  19,  1906, 
in   Lexington,   Mo. 

Wilson,  ueorge  Francis,  manufacturer,  in- 
ventor, philantliropist,  was  born  Dec.  7.  1818, 
in  Uxbridge,  Mass.  In  1855  he  began  the 
manufacture  of  chemicals  and  two  years  lat- 
er established  the  Kumford  chemical  works. 
He  also  invented  an  improvement  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  steel,  a  revolving  boiler  for  pa- 
per manufacture,  and  several  improvements 
in  illuminating  apparatus  for  light-houses. 
He  was  twice  elected  to  represent  Providence 
in  the  general  assembly.  He  left  one  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars  to  Brown  university; 
and  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  Dartmouth  col- 
lege, to  be  used  for  scientific  purposes.  He 
died  .Tan.  19.  1883,  in  East  Providence,  R.I. 

Wilson,  George  Grafton,  educator,  econ- 
omist, author,  was  born  March  29,  1863,  in 
Plainfield,  Conn.  Since  1891  he  has  been 
])rofcssor  of  social  and  political  science  in 
Brown  university  of  Providence,  R.I.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Study  of  Criminology  ; 
International  Law  Discussion ;  and  other 
\\orks. 

Wilson,  George  Henry,  musical  writer, 
was  born  Feb.  18,  1854,  in  Lawrence.  Mass. 
He  is  the  musical  critic  of  the  Boston  Trav- 
eler: and  in  1883  began  the  publication  of 
the  Boston  Musical  Year-Book,  the  title  of 
which  was  cliauged  in  1886  to  the  Musical 
Year-Book  of  the  United  States.  Since  1885 
he  has  prepared  annually  an  analytical  and 
historical  programme  of  the  concerts  of  the 
Boston    symphony    orchestra. 


Wilson,  George  W.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Feb.  22, 
1840,  in  Brighton,  Ohio.  In  1862^  he  enlist- 
ed in  the  ninety-fourth 
regiment  Ohio  volun- 
teer infant ly  for  three 
years ;  was  commis- 
sioned second  and  first 


lieutenant ;  and  in 
18  6  4  was  commis- 
sioned first  lieutenant 
in  the  first  regiment 
K  .  of   United   States   vet- 

^it^  ^^^L  eran  volunteer  engi- 
^^j^^0^^^  ueers.  In  1866-70  he 
^^^^K^^W ^^^^k  was  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  Madison 
county,  Ohio.  In  1871  he  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Ohio  general  assembly  and 
in  1877  was  elected  to  the  state  senate.  In 
1893-97  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- 
third  and  fifty-fourth  congresses.  He  died 
in   1900   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Wilson,  George  West,  journalist,  founder, 
statesman,  was  born  May  10,  1859,  in  Boone 
county,  Ky.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  and  under  private  instructors ;  his 
principal  instructor  being  professor  Todd, 
brother-in-law  of  Lincoln.  He  received  the 
nomination  for  the  state  legislature ;  has  al- 
ways been  an  ardent  political  worker;  and 
in  1881  founded  the  Orange  Lake  Floridan. 
In  1897  he  took  charge  of  the  Florida  Citi- 
zen, which  the  same  year  was  consolidated 
with  the  Times-Union.  He  is  president  and 
editor  of  the  Florida  Times-Union,  now  one 
of  the  leading  daily  newspapers  in  Florida. 
For  three  years  he  was  president  of  the 
Semi-tropical  exposition  ;  in  1889  was  com- 
missioner to  the  Paris  exposition ;  and  for 
six  years  was  president  of  the  board  of  trus- 
tees of  the  university  of  Florida.  He  was 
collector  of  internal  revenue  under  president 
Cleveland  ;  and  in  1892  was  chairman  of  the 
Florida  democratic  state  committee  cam- 
paign. 

Wilson,  Gustavus  James  Nash,  soldier, 
educator,  was  born  Oct.  16,  1827,  in  Har- 
mony  Grove,   Ga.      Since  his   youth   he   has 

been  principally  en- 
gaged in  educational 
work,  and  was  associ- 
ated with  some  of  the 
most  successful  insti- 
tutions of  learning  in 
.Tackson  county  in  an- 
te-bellum days.  During 
the  war  he  served  in 
the  confederate  army 
as  an  officer  in  com- 
pany E,  thirty-fourth 
Georgia  regiment.  For 
nearly  ten  years  sub- 
sequent to  the  war  he  devoted  most  of  his 
time  to  mechanics  and  machinery,  but  in 
1871  lie  was  elected  county  superintendent 
of  sdiools,  which  position  he  has  filled  for 
twenty-eight  years.  He  is  prominent  in  pub- 
lic affairs;  owns  one  of  the  largest  private 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


librarips  in  the  state  of  Georgia,  and  re- 
sides in  his  native  county  at  Jefferson,  in  a 
beaiilifnl  residence  built  by  himself. 

Wilson^  Gilbert  Lord,  scliular,  author, 
poet,  was  born  March  4,  1856,  in  Center 
Toint.  Iowa.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Amer- 
i(  an  association  of  writers,  a  close  student, 
and  has  a  thorough  knowledse  of  Greek, 
Latin,  Geruiair  and  Hebrew.  He  has  taken 
numerous  prizes  in  literary  contests;  is  a 
constant  contributor  to  the  best  publications  ; 
is  a  poet  of  acknowledged  excellence,  and  his 
poems  can  be  found  in  Poets  of  America,  and 
other   standard   works. 

Wilson,  H.  Augustus,  physician,  ortho- 
pedic surgeon,  was  born  Sept.  4.  1853,  in 
IMiiladelphia.  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  and  private  schools  of  his  native  city  ; 
and  in  1879  graduated  from  Jefferson  med- 
ical college  of  Philadelphia.  Pa.  The  same 
year  he  was  appointed  ophthalmic  surgeon 
to  St.  Mary's  hospital ;  and  in  1880  became 
polyclinic ;  and  in  1897  became  emeritus  pro- 
1879-82  he  was  lecturer  in  the  Philadelphia 
.school  of  anatomy  ;  in  1882  he  was  profes- 
sor of  orthopedic  surgery  in  the  Philadelphia 
polyclinic;  and  in  1897  became  emeritus  pro- 
fessor of  that  institution.  In  1891  he  be- 
came clinical  lecturer  on  orthopedic  surgery 
at  the  Jefferson  medical  college ;  was  clinical 
professor  in  1892 ;  and  became  professor  in 
1904.  In  1890  he  became  consulting  ortho- 
pedic surgeon  to  the  Kensington  hospital  for 
women  and  to  the  Philadelphia  lying-in- 
charity  hospital.  In  1901  he  was  president 
of  the  American  orthopedic  association. 

Wilson,  Harry  Langford,  educator,  author, 
burn  Oct.  28.  1867,  in  Canada.  He  is  pro- 
fessor of  Roman  archaeology  at  Johns  Hop- 
kins university  of  Baltimore,  Md.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Metaphor  in  the  Epic  Po- 
ems of  Papinius  Statins;  and  Satires  of 
.Juvenal. 

Wilson,  Harry  Leon,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  May  1.  1867,  in  Oregon,  111.  In 
1896-1902  he  was  editor  of  Puck.  He  is  the 
author  of  Zig-Zag  Tales  ;  the  Spenders ;  The 
Lions  of  the  Lord  ;  The  Seekers ;  and  Ew- 
inir's  Lady. 

Wilson.  Harry  R.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
S<'pt.  3,  18(14.  ill  Clarion.  Pa.  In  1884  he 
graduated  from  Lafayette  college;  and  from 
1886  practiced  law  for  fifteen  years  in 
(Marion.  Pa.  In  1896  he  was  a  delegate  to 
the  republican  national  convention;  and  in 
1900  was  a  presidential  elector.  Since  1901 
he  has  been  judge  of  the  eighteenth  judicial 
district  of  Pennsylvania  for  the  term  ending 
in   1911. 

Wilson,  Henry,  (•<m;.'ressmaii.  was  born 
in  1778  in  Dauphin  .-ounty.  Pa.  In  1823-26 
he  wa.s  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania 
to  the  eighteenth  and  nineteenth  congresses. 
II.'  died  .Vug.  14.  1826.  in  Allentown.  Pa. 

Wilson,  Henry  Isaiah,  educator,  nnisi- 
cian.  lawyer,  was  born  April  10.  1869,  near 
Wellsboro.  Pa.  He  has  attained  success  as 
a  school  teacher,  teacher  of  music  and  in- 
structor of  bands  and  orchestras.     He   is  a 


composer  of  several  well-known  pieces  for 
bands  and  the  violin,  and  has  the  reputation 
of  being  one  of  the  best  euphonium  soloists 
in  the  state  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1892  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  has  since  prac- 
ticed that  profession  in  Big  Run,  Pa.  In 
1897  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  republican 
state  convention;  and  in  1899  was  a  member 
of  the  Pennsylvania  state  legislature.  He 
is  now  principal  musician  of  the  tifth  regi- 
ment   band    Pennsylvania    national    guard. 

Wilson,  Henry,  vice-president  of  the 
United  States.  United  States  senator,  was 
born  Fob.  16,  1812,  in  Farrington,  N.II.     He 

was  an  energetic  la- 
borer in  the  anti-slav- 
ery cause ;  and  in 
1853-73  he  was  United 
States  senator.  In 
1873-75  he  was  vice- 
president  of  the  Unit- 
ed States.  He  was 
the  author  of  History 
of  Anti-Slavery  :Meas- 
ures ;  and  Ri.se  and 
Fall  of  the  Slave  Pow- 
er in  America.  The 
name  of  his  father 
was  Colbatli.  but  he  was  adopted  by  a  man 
named  Wilson,  which  name  he  retained.  He 
died  Nov.  22,  1875.  in  the  capitol  at  Wash- 
ington. D.C. 

Wilson,  Henry  H.,  educator,  lawyer,  lec- 
turer, was  born  Jan.  1,  1854.  in  Sandusky, 
Ohio.     He  received  his  education  in  the  pub- 

lie    schools    of    Ohio ; 

the  state  normal  school 
of  Peru,  Neb.,  and  in 
1878  graduated  from 
the  state  university  at 
Lincoln,  Neb.  For 
two  years  he  was 
l)rincipal  of  the  high 
school  of  Seward, 
Neb. ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1881 ;  is 
professor  of  common 
law;  has  lectured  on 
evidence  in  the  law 
department  of  the  university  of  Nebraska 
since  1892.  and  since  1891  has  been  presi- 
dent of  the  Lancaster  bar  association.  He 
is  a  thirty-third  degree  mason ;  has  been 
grand  master  of  masons  of  Nebraska,  and 
is  ))roniinent  in  business  and  social  circles 
in   Nebraska's  capital. 

Wilson,  Henry  Lane,  journalist,  lawyt-r, 
dil)lomat.  was  born  Nov.  3.  1857.  in  Craw- 
fordsville.  Ind.  In  1882-85  he  edited  the 
Lafayette  Jouiiial  in  Indiana;  and  in  1885- 
96  itracticcil  law  and  was  engaged  in  bank- 
ing in  Spokane.  Wash.  In  1897-1905  he  was 
United  Slates  minister  to  Chile:  and  since 
1905  has  been  minister  to  Brussels.  Belgium. 
Wilson,  Henry  Parke  Custis,  physician, 
inventor,  w.is  born  .M.uvh  5.  1827,  in  Work- 
ington, Md.  He  has  invented  important  ajid 
useful  gynecological  instruments.  In  1856- 
57  he  was  physician  to  the  Baltimore  coun- 


728 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ty  and  city  almshouse.  He  was  president 
and  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Baltimore 
gynecological  and  obstetrical  society ;  was 
president  of  the  medical  and  chirurgical  fac- 
ulty of  Maryland  and  the  Baltimore  acade- 
my of  medicine ;  vice-president  and  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  American  gynecological 
society  ;  and  vice-president  of  the  American 
medical  association.  He  died  Dec.  27,  1897, 
in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Wilson,  Herbert  Michael,  civil  engineer, 
geographer,  author,  was  born  Aug.  23,  1860, 
in  Glasgow,  Scotland.  He  has  lectured  on  ir- 
rigation awd  geography  at  colleges  and  ge- 
ographical and  engineering  societies.  Since 
1907  he  has  been  chief  engineer  of  the  tech- 
ologic  branch  of  the  United  States  geological 
sui-vey.  He  is  the  author  of  Manual  of  Ir- 
rigation Engineering;  Exploratory,  Geo- 
graphic and  Topographic  Surveying  ;  and  of- 
ficial reports. 

Wilson,  Hiram  V.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
a  judge  of  the  United  States  district  court 
for  the  state  of  Ohio  for  many  years.  He 
died  Nov.  11,  1866,  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Wilson,  Huntington,  diplomat,  was  born 
Dec.  15,  1875,  in  Chicago,  111.  In  1897  he 
received  the  degree  of  B.A.  from  Yale  uni- 
versity. In  1897  he  was  appointed  second 
secretary  of  legation  at  Tokio,  Japan;  and 
in  1901,  1902,  1903  and  1905-06  was  charge 
d'affaires  of  the  United  States  to  Tokio, 
Japan.  In  1906  he  was  secretary  of  the  em- 
bassy ;  and  since  1906  has  been  third  assist- 
ant secretary  of  state.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  national  geographic  society  ;  a  member  of 
the  archaeological  institute  of  America;  a 
member  of  the  national  red  cross  society  ;  a 
member  of  the  loyal  legion  ;  and  a  member 
of  the  sons  of  the  American  revolution. 

Wilson,  Mrs.  Ida  Lewis,  life-saver,  hero- 
ine, was  born  Ft*.  25,  1842,  in  Newport, 
R.I.  She  is  the  daughter  of  Captain  Hosea 
Lewis,  the  keeper  of  limerock  lighthouse. 
She  became  an  expert  rower  and  swimmer; 
and  has  saved  eighteen  lives;  and  received 
medals  for  heroism  from  the  United  States 
government  and  the  Humane  society  of 
Massachusetts.  Her  boat,  the  Rescue,  was 
exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  exposi- 
tion. 

Wilson,  Isaac,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman.  He  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  New  York  state  assembly ; 
and  also  of  the  senate.  In  1823-25  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  eighteenth  congress; 
and  was  then  appointed  first  judge  of  Gene- 
see county.  He  died  Oct.  25,  1848,  in  Ba- 
tavia.   111. 

Wilson,  Jackson  Stitt,  clergyman,  evan- 
gelist, author,  was  born  JNIarch  19,  1868,  in 
Canada.  Since  1888  he  has  been  a  pastor 
in  the  methodist  episcopal  church ;  and  in 
1893-97  was  pastor  of  the  Erie  street  meth- 
odist episcojial  church  of  Chicago,  111.  Since 
1897  he  has  devoted  himself  to  social  evange- 
lism. He  is  the  author  of  The  Impending 
Social  Revolution. 


Wilson,  James,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  independence,  congressman,  was  born 
Sept.  14,  1742,  in  Scotland.  In  1775-78, 
1782-83  and  1785-87  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  continental  congress.  He 
was  a  signer  of  the  declaration  of  independ- 
ence. When  not  in  congress  he  acted  as  ad- 
vocate-general for  the  Fi'ench  nation.  In 
1789-98  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  United  States.  He  died 
Aug.  28,  1798,  in  Edenton,  N.C. 

Wilson,  james,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1757  in  New  Hampshire.  In  1809-11 
he  was  a  I'epresentative  from  New  Hamp- 
shire to  the  eleventh  congress.  He  died  Jan. 
4.  1839,  in  Keene,  N.H. 

Wilson^  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  April  28,  1779,  in  Y^ork  coun- 
ty, Pa.  In  1811-22  he  was  a  justice  of  the 
peace.  In  1823-29  he  was  a  representative 
from  Pennsylvania  to  the  eighteenth,  nine- 
teenth and  twentietli  congresses.  He  was 
again  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace,  the  du- 
ties of  which  office  he  continued  to  fill  until 
1859.  He  died  July  19,  1868,  in  Gettysburg, 
Pa. 

Wilson,  James,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  about  1797  in  New 
Hampshire.  He  was  speaker  of  the  New 
Hampshire  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1828  ;  and  was  in  the  legislature  a  number 
of  years.  He  practiced  law  at  Keene,  N.H. ; 
and  was  a  general  of  militia.  In  1847-50  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  Hampshire 
(o  the  thirtietli  and  thirty-first  congresses. 
He  died  May  29,  1881,  in  California. 

Wilson,  James,  soldier,  diplomat,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  9,  1822,  in  Craw- 
fordsville,  Ind.  He  went  to  Mexico  in  1846 
as  a  private  in  the  Indiana  regiment ;  and 
before  his  return  home  was  promoted  to  the 
office  of  quartermaster.  In  1857-61  he  was 
a  representative  from  Indiana  to  the  thirty- 
fifth  and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  In  1866  he 
was  appointed  minister  resident  to  Ven- 
ezuela.    He  died  Aug.  8,  1867. 

Wilson,  James,  soldier,  was  boi-n  in 
Azores  Island.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  thirteenth  regiment  Iowa  in- 
fantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  in  1865. 

Wilson,  James,  agriculturist,  congress- 
man, cabinet  officer,  was  born  Aug.  16,  1835, 
in  Scotland.  In  1855  he  moved  to  Iowa,  lo- 
cating in  Tama  county,  where,  as  early  as 
1861  he  engaged  in  farming  on  his  own  ac- 
count ;  served  in  the  twelftli,  thirteenth  and 
fourteenth  general  assemblies ;  and  was 
speaker  in  the  last  assembly.  In  1873-77  and 
1883-85  he  was  a  representative  from  Iowa 
to  the  forty-third,  forty-fourth  and  forty- 
eighth  congresses.  In  1870-74  he  was  a  re- 
gent of  the  state  university.  Since  1897 
he  has  been   secretary  of  agriculture. 

Wilson  James  Benjamin,  lawyer,  lecturer, 
was  born  Feb.  22,  1859  in  Owen  county,  Ind. 
He    received    his    education    in    the    public 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


729 


schools  of  Spencer,  Ind. ;  and  subsequently 
attended  the  state  university  at  Blooming- 
ton,  in  which  institution  he  has  been  assist- 
ant tutor  in  the  law  school.  He  has  at- 
tained success  as  an  able  lawyer  of  Bloom- 
ington,  Ind. ;  has  taken  a  leading  part  in 
republican  politics,  and  has  attained  suc- 
cess as  a  platform  speaker  and  public  lec- 
turer. 

Wilson,  James  Cornelius,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  25,  1847,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Fa.  Since  1891  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  clinical  medicine  in  Jeflferson  medi- 
cal college  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1897  he 
was  president  of  the  American  academy  of 
medicine.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Rummer 
and  Its  Diseases ;  Wilson's  Pocket  Visiting 
List ;   and  other  works. 

Wilson,  James  F.,  congressman,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  Oct.  19,  1828,  in 
Newark,  Ohio.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Iowa  state  constitutional  convention  of  1856. 
He  was  a  representative  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1857  ;  and  in  1859  was  elected  state 
senator,  serving  as  president  of  the  senate 
in  1861.  In  1861-69  he  was  a  representative 
from  Iowa  to  the  thirty-seventh,  thirty- 
eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth  congresses. 
In  1869  he  was  apointed  a  commissioner  for 
the  Pacific  railroad.  In  1883-95  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator  from  Iowa.  He  died  April 
22.  1895,  in  Fairfield,  Iowa. 

Wilson,  James  Grant,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  April  28,  1832,  in  Edinburg,  Scotland. 
In  1857  he  established  the  first  literary  pa- 

per    in    Chicago.      He 

^^1^^^  raised    a    battalion    of 

m^       ^m  cavalry,   and  was  com- 

^L^^    ^^  missioned  major  of  the 

W^^    Wf  fifteenth    Illinois    cav- 

^Wv     ^^  airy.      He   was   subse- 

^K^H^M  quently     aide-de-camp 

^^^^^H^^  on    the    staff   of    Gen- 

^^^^^^^^^^^^   cral    Banks,    and    was 
I^^^^B^B^^^^^I  brevotlod  brigadier 
^^^^^k     ^^^^^^  gallantry         the 
^^^^^^^^^^^H  Since  he 

HH^I^I^^^^I   pursued 

reer  in  New  York 
City.  In  1897  ho  published  a  valuable  life 
of  General  Grant,  with  whom  he  was  inti- 
mate for  a  quarter  of  a  century.  He  erected 
statui's  in  Central  park  to  his  friend,  Fitz- 
Greciic  Haileck.  ami  in  1892  to  Christopher 
Columbus.  Besides  editing  Appleton's  Cy- 
clopedia of  American  Biography,  he  has  pub- 
lished Poets  and  Poetry  of  Scotland ;  Mr. 
Secretary  Pepys  and  His  Dairy;  Bryant  and 
His  Friends;  Centennial  History  of  the 
Diocese  of  New  York;  Life  of  Fitz-Grocne 
Halleck;  Sketches  of  Illustrious  Soldiers; 
Memorial  History  of  the  City  of  New  York 
in  four  volumes;  The  World's  Largest  I/i- 
braries. 

Wilson,   James   Jefferson,   jtturnalist,   leg- 
islator,   T'nited   States  senator,   was  born   in 
1775  in  PIssex  county,  N..T.     He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature   in   1809-11.     In   1815- 
21  he  was  United  States  senator  from  New- 


Jersey  ;  and  was  appointed  postmaster  at 
Trenton.  He  was  adjutant-general  of  the 
state  in  1810-12  ;  and  was  again  a  member 
of  the  legislature  in  1822.  He  died  July  28, 
1824.  in  Trenton,  N.J. 

Wilson,  James  Harrison,  soldier,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  2,  1837,  near  Shawneetown, 
111.     He  graduated  from  the  United  States 

military  academy  in 
1860 ;  and  after  serv- 
ing in  various  grades 
was  brevetted  major- 
general  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  serv- 
ices in  the  capture  of 
Fort  Pulaski,  the  bat- 
tles of  Chattanooga, 
the  Wilderness,  and 
Nashville,  and  the  cap- 
ture of  Selma,  a  n  d 
was  honorably  dis- 
charged at  his  own  re- 
quest in  1870.  He  then  became  largely  en- 
gaged in  railroad  and  engineering  operations 
in  Delaware.  During  the  Spanish-American 
war  he  served  as  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
United  States  army ;  and  was  retired  from 
active  service  in  1902.  He  is  the  author  of 
China  ;  Life  of  Andrew  J.  Alexander  ;  Ti-av- 
els  and  Investigations  in  the  Middle  King- 
dom ;  and  also,  in  conjunction  with  Charles 
A.  Dana,  The  Life  of  Gen.   U.   S.  Grant. 

Wilson,  James  K.,  designer,  architect, 
was  born  April  11,  1828,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  state.  He  be- 
came a  successful  de- 
I         .^^^a^  signer    and    architect ; 

and  was  prominently 
identified  with  the 
business  and  public  af- 
f  airs  of  Cleveland, 
Ohio.  He  erected  the 
Ohio  life  and  trust 
bank  building ;  the 
Hamilton  county  court 
house  ;  the  Cincinnati 
postoffice ;  the  Jewish 
temple ;  and  various 
otlier  buildings  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Wilson,  James  Ormond,  educator,  law- 
yer, was  born  AjU'll  2,  1825,  in  Royalston, 
Mass.  In  1850-68  he  was  in  the  United 
States  treasury  department ;  and  in  1870-85 
was  superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of 
the  District  of  Columbia. 

Wilson,  James  Patriot,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  l)orn  Feb.  21.  1769,  in  Lewes,  Del. 
In  1806-28  he  was  pastor  of  the  First 
Presbyterian  church  of  I'liiiadclphia.  Pa.  He 
was  the  author  of  Lectures  on  the  Parables; 
Kssay  on  Grammar;  Common  Objections  to 
Christianity;  and  Easy  Introduction  to  He- 
l)rew.     He  died  in  1830  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wilson,  Jeremiah  M.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Nov.  25,  1828,  in  War- 
ren county,  Ohio.  He  was  judge  of  common 
I>leas  in  1860-65 ;  and  was  judge  of  the 
circuit  court  in  1865.     In  1871-75  ho  was  a 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


representative  from  Ohio  to  the  forty-second 
and  forty-third  congresses.  He  died  Sept. 
24.   1901,   in   Washington,  D.C. 

Wilson,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1588  in  England.  He  was  a  puritan 
clergyman ;  and  the  first  pastor  in  Boston. 
He  was  the  author  of  Some  Helps  to  Faith  ; 
Famous  Deliverances  of  the  English  Nation, 
a  poem  ;  and  The  Day  Breaking  if  not  the 
Sun  Rising  of  the  Gospel  with  the  Indians 
in  New  England.  He  died  Aug.  7,  1667,  in 
Boston.   Mass. 

Wilson,  John,  congressman,  was  born  in 
1777.  In  1813-15  and  1817-19  he  was  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
thirteenth  and  fifteen  congresses.  He  died 
July  9.  1848.  m  Belfast,  Maine. 

Wilson,  Join,  congressman,  was  born  in 
York,  S.C.  He  was  a  presidential  elector 
in  1809.  In  1821-27  he  was  a  representative 
from  South  Carolina  to  the  seventeenth, 
eighteenth  and  nineteenth  congresses.  He 
(lied   in  (iolden   Grove.   S.C. 

Wilson,  John,  printer,  author,  was  born 
Ai)ril  16.  1802.  in  Scotland  ;  came  to  Amer- 
ica in  1846  :  and  established  himself  in  the 
printing  business  in  Cambridge.  He  was  the 
author  of  A  Treatise  on  English  Punctua- 
tion :  Scripture  Proofs  of  Unitarianism ; 
The  Concessions  of  Trinitarians  ;  and  Unita- 
rian Principles  Confirmed.  He  died  Aug.  3, 
1868.  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Wilson,  John,  banker,  philanthropist,  was 
horn  in  Sweden.  He  was  i)resident  of  the 
Farmers'  and  merchants"  bank  of  Stroms- 
burg.  Neb.  He  was  an  elder  in  the  free 
methodist  church  ;  and  actively  engaged  in 
foreign  mission  work,  to  which  he  donated 
large  sums  of  money  for  its  maintenance. 
He  died  in  1901  in  Stromsburg,  Neb. 

WUson,  John  A.,  educator,  lawyer,  cler- 
gyman, was  born  Oct.  4,  1839.  in  Venango 
county.    Pa.      In    1864    he    graduated    from 

Westminster  coll  e  g  e 
of  Pennsylvania ;  stu- 
died law ;  and  prac- 
ticed for  two  years  in 
Newcastle,  Pa.  In 
18  7  2  he  graduated 
from  the  Allegheny 
theological  seminary ; 
and  has  received  the 
honorary  degrees  of 
D.D.  from  the  univer- 
sity of  Wooster  and 
from  Monmouth  and 
Amity  colleges  :  a  n  d 
LL.I).  from  Wabash  college.  In  1872-76  he 
filled  a  pastorate  in  Beaver,  Pa.;  in  1876-86 
preached  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  and  in  1886- 
93  was  a  pastor  of  Wooster,  Ohio.  In  1894 
he  was  moderator  of  the  geiu>ral  assembly 
of  the  United  presbyterian  church.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  American  historical  asso- 
ciation ;  and  lias  published  lectures  and  ser- 
mons. 

Wilson,  John  A.  B.,  clergyman,  founder, 
was  born  in  1848  in  Delaware.  He  was 
known  as  the  phenomenal  presiding  elder  of 


methodism.  In  1892  he  moved  to  New  York ; 
and  became  noted  as  a  reformer  and  founder 
of  the  Co-operato,  a  home  for  self  supporting 
working  girls.  In  1895-97  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  First  church  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ; 
and  is  now  pastor  of  the  Howard  street 
methodist   church   of   San   Francisco. 

Wilson,  John  Allston,  civil  engineer,  was 
boru  April  24,  1837,  in  Phoenixville,  Pa. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  an  aide  on  the 
stall  of  General  Couch,  with  rank  of  cap- 
tain. He  became  chief  engineer  of  several 
railroads;  and  in  1876  established  the  firm 
of  Wilson  Brothers  and  company,  which 
lirm  designed  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
terminal  station  at  Philadelphia.  He  died 
.Ian.   19.   1896.  in   I'hiladelphia.   Pa. 

Wilson,  John  Franklin,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  May  7,  1846,  in 
Giles  county,  Tcnn.  He  was  educated  at 
Rhuhama,  Ala.;  and  is  a  lawyer  by  pro- 
fession. In  1877-78  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Arkansas  state  legislature;  and  in 
1884-86  was  prosecuting  attorney  for  the 
fourth  judicial  district  of  Arkansas.  In 
1887  he  moved  to  Arizona;  and  in  1896 
was  appointed  attorney-general  for  the 
territory,  serving  until  1897.  In  1899-1901 
t.nd  1903-05  he  was  a  representative  from 
Arizona  to  the  fifty-sixth  and  fifty-eighth 
congresses   as  a   democrat. 

Wilson,  John  Grover,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  in  1810  in  Middletown,  Del.  He 
was  a  Philadeli)hia  clergyman,  originally 
of  the  methodist  episcopal  denomination ; 
and  after  1855  the  church  of  which  he  was 
pastor  was  known  as  the  Ebenezer  Independ- 
ent church.  He  was  the  author  of  Dis- 
courses on  Projihecy  ;  Writings  in  Prose  and 
Verse :  The  Sabbath  and  Its  Law ;  and 
Atheism  and  Theism.  He  died  Feb.  20, 
1885.    in   Philadelphia.    Pa. 

Wilson,  John  Henry,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  .Tan.  30,  1846. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  state 
senate  in  1883-87.  In  1889-93  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fifty-first  and  fifty-second 
congresses  as  a  republican. 

Wilson,  John  Laird,  clergyman,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Sept.  20,  1832,  in  Scot- 
land. He  was  a  journalist  of  New  York 
City;  and  prior  to  1866  a  united  presbyterian 
ch-rgyman  in  S<otIand.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  Bnttk's  of  the  Civil  War;  and  Life 
of  .Tolm  WyclillV.  He  died  May  22.  1896, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Wilson,  John  Leighton,  missionary,  ati- 
Ihor.  was  horn  March  25.  1809.  in  Sumter 
county.  S.C.  Ho  was  a  presbyterian  mis- 
sionary to  Africa.  He  was  the  author  of 
Western  Africa  :  Its  History.  Condition,  and 
Prospects.  He  died  July  13.  1886.  in  Mayes- 
ville.  S.C. 

Wilson,  John  Lockwood,  congressman, 
Unit'.'d  States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  7, 
1850.  in  Crawfm-d.sville.  Ind.  He  was  elect- 
ed a  representative  to  the  state  legislature 
of  Indiana  in  1880  from  ^lontgomery  county. 
He   was   appointed   receiver   of   public   mon- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


731 


eys  at  Spokane  and  served  four  years.  In 
1889-95  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- 
first,  tifty-secoud  and  fifty-tliird  congresses. 
in  1895-99  he  was  United  States  senator. 

Wilson,  John  Lyde,  kiwyer,  state  sena- 
tor, governor,  author,  was  born  May  24, 
1784.  in  Marlborough,  S.C.  He  began  to 
practice  in  Georgetown  ;  and  in  1808  he  was 
elected  to  the  South  Carolina  house  of  rep- 
resentatives. He  was  repeatedly  re-elected 
and  was  also  a  state  senator ;  and 
president  of  the  state  sfenate.  In  1821- 
24  he  was  the  fifteenth  governor  of 
South  Carolina  ;  and  was  commander-in- 
chief.  In  1827  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
state  senate.  He  was  the  author  of  Code 
of  Honor.  He  died  Feb.  12,  1849,  in  Charles 
ton.   S.C. 

Wilson,  John  Moulder,  soldier,  civil  en- 
gineer, was  born  Oct.  8.  1837,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  During  the  civil  war  lie  at- 
tained the  rank  of  colonel.  He  then  had 
charge  of  engineering  work ;  had  charge  of 
the  building  of  the  medical  museum  and  li- 
brary of  Washington,  D.C. ;  and  had  charge 
of  the  completion  of  the  Washington  monu- 
ment. In  1897-1901  he  was  chief  of  engi- 
neers with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general 
in  the -United  States  army;  and  about  1902 
was  retired.  He  was  president  of  the  Wash- 
ington board  of  trade.  He  died  in  1902  in 
rhiladclphia.  Pa. 

Wilson,  John  T.,  soldier,  agriculturist, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  bmni  April 
16.  1811.  in  Highland  county.  Ohio.  In  1861 
he  raised  a  company  for  the  civil  war;  and 
was  commissioned  as  its  captain.  He  was 
twice  elected  to  the  Ohio  senate.  In  1867- 
73  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the 
fortieth,  forty-first  and  forty  second  con- 
gresses. He  died  about  1889  in  Tranquil- 
ity. Ohio. 

Wilson,  John  Timothy,  lal)or  leader,  born 
Jan.  29,  1861,  in  McMinn  county,  Tenn.  He 
was  section  fcjreman  and  filled  several  posi- 
Wilson,  John  Timothy,  labor  leader,  was 
born  Jan.  2!t.  ISGl.  in  McMinn  county,  Tenn. 
He  was  section   foreman   and  filled   several 

positions  until  188S 
Ion  the  East  Tcnnes- 
Isee,  Virginia  and 
JGeorgia  railway.  He 
Jthen  resigned  and  be- 
Igan  the  organization 
of  the  international 
1  brotherhood  of  Main- 
tenancc-of-way  em- 
[  ployes.  now  having 
nearly  one  liundred 
thousand  members; 
and  was  president 
from  its  inception 
until  his  death.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Colciiim  Light,  a  Report  of  the  Canadian 
Pacific  strike.  He  died  in  1007  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo. 

Wilson,  Joseph  G.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
bnrn  Dec.  1.'$,  lS2ti.  in  Acworth,  N.H.  In 
18(»2   he  became  judge  of  the  fifth  judicial 


district.  In  1862-70  he  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Oregon.  In 
1872  he  was  elected  a  member  of  congress, 
but  died  before  qualifying.  He  died  in  July, 
lS7o.  in  Georgetown,  D.C. 

Wilson,  Joseph  Miller,  civil  engineer,  ar- 
chitect, was  born  June  20,  1838,  in  Phoe- 
nixville,  Pa.  He  designed  the  Drexel  bank 
and  the  Drexel  building  in  Philadelphia; 
and  the  Maine  building  and  Machinery  hall 
of  the  Centennial  exposition  of  1876.  He 
died  in  1902  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wilson,  Joseph  Walter,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  28,  1857,  in  Lafayette,  Ind. 
He  studied  law  and  established  himself  in 
practice  in  Lafayette,  Ind.  He  has  made 
a  translation  of  some  of  the  Odes  of  Hor- 
ace; and  is  the  author  of  Biography  of 
Count    Charles    d'Alembert. 

Wilson,  Joshua  Lacy,  clergyman,  jour- 
nalist, founder,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1774,  in 
Bedford  county,  Va.  In  1808  he  was  ordained 
to  tlie  ministry;  and  became  pastor  of  the 
first  presbyterian  church,  which  position 
he  held  until  his  death.  In  1839-44  he  was 
one  of  the  trustees  of  Hanover  college  of 
Indiana.  He  was  one  of  the  chief  promoters 
of  Lane  theological  seminary.  For  several 
years  he  edited  the  Pandect  and  the  Stand- 
ard, both  religions  newspapers,  of  which 
he  was  the  founder.  For  some  time  he  was 
associate  editor  of  the  Presbyterian  of  the 
West.  He  died  Aug.  14,  1846,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 

Wilson,  Leonidas  Lucius,  soldier,  mer- 
cliant.  manufacturer,  was  born  July  23, 
1843,  in  Chesterville,  Ohio.   He  was  educated 

in  Chesterville,  Ohio; 
and  in  Center  Point, 
Iowa.  Since  1859  he 
has  resided  in  Linn 
county,  Iowa.  In  1863 
until  the  close  of  the 
civil  war  he  served 
in  company  B.  twen- 
tieth regiment  Iowa 
volunteers;  and  has 
several  times  been 
coniMiander  of  Deni- 
son  post  of  the  grand 
army  of  the  republic. 
He  has  been  a  successful  druggist  of  Cen- 
ter Point.  Iowa;  and  manufacturer  of  the 
DoctfU'  Wilson  company's  hawkeye  state 
remedies.  He  has  been  presiilent.  secretary 
:.nd  treasurer  of  the  Center  Point  high 
school.  He  published  the  first  newspaper 
in  (Vnter  P<)int.  Iowa:  and  drew  up  the 
ilocuments  for  the  organization  and  incor- 
poration of  that  city. 

Wilson,  Lettie  Luella  Melissa  Little,  edu- 
cator, founder,  was  born  Fei).  7,  1S41.  in 
Litth'ton.  N.H.  For  niiwteen  years  she  was 
a  teacher  in  the  ])ublic  schools  of  Des 
Moines,  Iowa;  and  was  principal  of  the 
Irving  school  in  1870-84.  In  1800  she  es- 
tablished the  Stevan  school  for  girls  in 
Chicago,  HI. 


732 


HERRTNGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wilson,  Louis  N.,  librarian,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  4,  1857,  in  England.  In  1871-84 
he  was  engaged  in  business;  and  since  1889 
has  been  librarian  of  Clark  university.  He 
is  the  author  oi  Bibliography  of  Child 
Study;  and  also  papers  on  library  subjects. 

Wilson,  Lucy  Langdon  Williams,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Aug.  18,  1865,  in  St. 
Albans,  Vt.  Since  1892  she  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  biology  in  the  Phihadelphia  nor- 
mal school.  She  is  the  author  of  Textbooks 
en  Nature  Study;  Domestic  Science;  and 
Picture  Study. 

Wilson,  Luther  Barton,  clergyman,  bish- 
op, was  born  Nov.  14,  1856,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  Since  1878  he  has  filled  pastorates  in 
the  methodist  episcopal  churcli;  and  since 
1904   has  been   bishop   of  his   church. 

Wilson,  Matthew,  artist,  was  born  July 
17,  1814,  in  England.  For  several  years  he 
painted  miniatures  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Among  his  numerous  portraits  are  those 
of  Samuel  J.  Tilden;  Governor  Thomas  G. 
Pratt  of  Maryland;  Secretary  Gideon 
Welles,  George  M.  Robeson,  and  William 
E.  Chandler.  He  died  Feb.  23,  1892,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Wilson,  Moses  Fleming,  lawyer,  jurist, 
autlior,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1839*  in  Frank- 
lin, Oliio.  In  1871-81  he  was  judge  of  the 
Cincinnati  police  court;  and  was  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1892-97.  He 
is  the  author  of  Wilson's  Criminal  Code 
of  Ohio. 

Wilson,  Nathan,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Wasliington  county,  N.Y.  In  1808-09  he 
was  a  representative  from  New  York  to 
tlie  tentli   congress.    He  died  in  New  York. 

Wilson,  Obed  Jay,  publisher,  poet,  was 
born  Aug.  30,  1820,  in  Bingliam,  Maine. 
In  1S52  he  entered  the  publishing  house  of 
Wintlirop  B.  Smitli  and  company  as  lit- 
erary referee;  and  became  at  a  later  date 
tditor-in-chief  of  their  publications.  In 
1862  the  firm  made  him  a  partner;  and  in 
1869  he  rose  to  the  head  of  the  house.  Un- 
der the  style  of  Wilson,  Hinkle  and  com- 
pany, the  firm  became  one  of  the  largest 
school  book  publishing  houses  in  the  Unit- 
ed States.  In  1891  the  business  Avas  mero'- 
ed  in  that  of  the  American  Book  company; 
and  he  has  now  retired  from  business.  He 
has  written  much  in  prose  and  verse. 

Wilson,  Oliver  Morris,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  was  born  Aug.  16,  1836,  in  Lo- 
gansport,  Ind.  After  serving  in  the  civil 
war  as  captain  and  major  of  Indiana  vol- 
unteers, he  was  secretary  of  the  Indiana 
state  senate  in  1865-69-  was  assistant 
I'nited  States  attorney  for  the  state  in 
1869-71;  and  a  member  of  the  legislature 
in  the  latter  year.  He  was  adjutant-gen- 
eral of  the  grand  army  of  the  republic  for 
Indiana  in  1866-68;  and  organized  the  first 
dcpi'i-tiiicnt  in  that  order.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Digest  of  Parliamentary  Law;  and 
Indiana  Superior  Court  Reports. 

Wilson,  Peter,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Nov.   23,    1746,   in    Scotland.    He   was   clas- 


sical professor  at  Columbia  college  in  1789- 
92  and  1797-1820.  He  was  the  author  of 
Rules  of  Latin  Prosody;  Introduction  to 
Greek  Prosody;  and  Compendium  of  Greek 
Prosody.  He  died  Aug.  1,  1825,  in  New 
Barbadoes,  N.J. 

Wilson,  Richard  Henry,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Z\Iarch  6,  1870,  in  Christian 
county,  Ky.  Since  1899  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  Romanic  languages  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Virginia.  He  is  the  author  of 
The  Preposition;  Mazel;  and  The  Venus 
of  Cadiz. 

Wilson,  Robert,  United  States  senator. 
In  1862-63  he  was  United  States  senator 
from  Missouri.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Philadelphia  national  union  convention  of 
1866.  He  died  May  10,  1870,  in  Marshall, 
Mo. 

Wilson,  Robert  Anderson,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  1812  in  New  York.  He  was  a 
lawyer  of  California.  He  was  the  author 
of  Mexico  and  Its  Religion,  reissued  as 
^lexico,  California,  and  Central  America; 
and  New  History  of  the  Conquest  of  Mex- 
ico.   He   died  in  California. 

Wilson,  Robert  Burns,  artist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  Oct.  30,  1850,  in  Washing- 
ton county.  Pa.  He  is  an  artist  and  poet 
of  Louisville,  Ky.  He  is  the  author  of  Life 
and  Love,  a  volume  of  poems;  and  Until 
tlie  Day  Break,  a  novel. 

Wilson,  Robert  Clarence,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  was  born  Dec.  22,  1858,  in  western 
Pennsylvania.  He  lias  been  city  attornej^  of 
Port  Angeles,  Wash.;  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Washington  state  senate  in  1895- 
97. 

Wilson,  Robert  G.,  educator,  college  pres- 
ident, was  Ijoni  Dec.  30,  1768,  in  Lincoln 
county,  N.C.  In  1824-39  he  was  president 
of  the  Ohio  university.  He  died  April  17, 
1851,  in   South   Salem,"^  Ohio. 

Wilson,  Mrs.  Rose  Cecil  O'Neill,  illus- 
trator, autlior,  was  born  in  Wilkes  Barre, 
Pa.  In  1902  she  married  Harry  Leon  W^il- 
son,  the  noted  author.  She  has  illustrated 
lier  husband's  novels.  She  is  the  author  and 
ilhistrator  of  The  Loves  of  Edwy. 

Wilson,  Robert  P.C,  lawyer,  state  legis- 
lator congressman,  was  born  in  Boonville, 
^lo.  He  was  one  of  the  democratic  mem- 
bers of  the  house  of 
representatives  from 
Leavenworth  county 
in  the  first  general 
assembly  of  Kansas, 
g-    ^K  S"  '^^H     ^"^  during  that  year 

returned   to  Missouri. 
He      was     elected     a 
member    from    Platte 
county   to    the    twen- 
ty-sixth   Missouri 
general  assembly,  and 
made   speaker   of   the 
house.    He   was   state 
senator   from    the   third   district  in    1876-80. 
He   was  for  several  years  president  of  the 
Agricultural   and   stock   association    of   his 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


733 


county.  In  1889-93  lie  was  a  representa- 
tive to  tlie  lit'ty-first  and  litty-second  con- 
gresses as  a  democrat. 

Wilson,  Rufus  Rockwell,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  U,  18G5,  in  Troy, 
Pa.  Since  1891  he  has  been  a  contributor 
to  magazines.  He  is  the  author  of  Kam- 
bles  in  Colonial  Byways;  New  York,  Old 
and  New;  Lincoln  in  Caricature;  and  a 
Noble  Company   of  Adventurers. 

Wilson,  Samuel  B.,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  about  1782.  In  1847- 
48  he  was  president  of  Hampden  Sidney 
college.  He  died  in  August,  1869,  in  Vir- 
ginia. 

Wilson,  Samuel  Farmer,  journalist  leg- 
islator, author,  was  born  in  1805  in  Con- 
necticut, in  1849  he  moved  to  New  Or- 
leans, La.,  and  in  1850  became  editorial 
writer  on  the  Picayune.  For  several  terms 
he  was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature. 
He  was  the  author  of  History  of  the 
American  Revolution,  long  a  popular  work. 
He  died  March  11,  1870,  in  New  Orleans, 
La. 

Wilson,  Samuel  Graham,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, niissiunary,  author,  was  born  Feb. 
11,  1858,  in  Indiana,  Pa.  He  received  the 
degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M.  from  Princeton 
university;  in  1879  graduated  from  the 
Western  theological  seminary;  took  a  post- 
graduate course  in  the  Princeton  theolog- 
ical seminary;  and  received  the  honorary 
degree  of  13.D.  from  Western  university 
and  from  the  Grove  City  college  of  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1880  he  was  ordained  to  the 
presbyterian  ministry;  and  since  1880  has 
been  principal  of  the  Memorial  training 
school  at  Tabriz,  Persia,  and  treasurer  of 
the  West  Persia  mission.  He  is  the  author 
of  Persian  Life  and  Customs;  Persia; 
Western    Missions;    and   Mariam. 

Wilson,  Samuel  Tyndale,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  was  born  Feb. 
17,  1858,  in  Syria.  In  1882-84  he  was  a 
missionary  in  Me.xico;  and  in  1884-1901 
v.as  professor  in  Maryville  college,  Tenn. 
Since  1901  he  lias  been  president  of  JNIary- 
ville  college.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Son t hern    Mountaineers. 

Wilson,  Stanyarne,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  about  1860  in  Yorkville,  S.C.  He 
was  elected  to  the  South  Carolina  legisla- 
ture in  1884;  and  to  the  state  senate  in 
1892.  He  was  a  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1895.  In  1895- 
1901  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- 
fourth,  fifty-fiftli  and  fifty-sixth  congress- 
es iis  a   democrat. 

Wilson,  Stephen  Bayard,  naval  officer, 
was  born  Aug.  18.  1796,  in  Clermont,  N.Y. 
He  served  at  the  Boston  navy  yard  in  1845*- 
47;  coniinan<l<'d  tlie  sloop  John  Adams  in 
1847-48;  during  tiie  latter  part  of  tiie  Mex- 
ican war;  and  after  the  war  continued 
cruising  for  some  time  on  the  Gulf  coast 
of  Mexico.  He  participated  in  the  expe- 
cition    that    captured   Tuspan.     In    1855   he 


was   promoted  to   captain.    He   died  March 
15,  1863,  in  Hudson,  N.Y. 

Wilson,  Stephen  F.,  lawyer,  state  sena- 
tor,-«ongressman,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1821, 
in  Columbia,  Pa.  He  was  a  Pennsylvania 
state  senator  in  1863-64.  In  18^5-69  he  was 
a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
tiiirty-ninth  and  fortieth  congresses  as  a 
republican. 

Wilson,  Theodore  Delevan,  architect,  in- 
ventor, author,  was  born  May  11,  1840,  in 
Brooklyn,  N.Y.  In  1872-90  he  was  appoint- 
ed ehiel  of  the  bureau  of  construction  and 
repair  in  the  United  States  navy.  In  1870 
he  received  a  patent  for  air-ports,  and  in 
1S80  patented  a  bolt  extractor.  He  was 
the  autlior  of  Ship  Building,  Theoretical 
taid  Practical.  He  died  June  29,  1890,  in 
Boston,  Mass. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  clergyman,  founder,  was 
born  in  1761  in  England.  In  1809  he  es- 
tablished a  novitiate,  in  whicli  he  trained 
a  large  number  of  priests  for  tiie  Ken- 
tucky mission.  He  died  in  1824  in  Wash- 
ington county,  Ky. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  printer,  author,  was 
born  in  1768  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  was 
tlie  autlior  of  Principal  American  Military 
and  Naval  Heroes;  and  The  Picture  of 
IMiiladeipiiia  for  1824.  He  died  about  1828 
in    Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Virginia.  In  1811-13  he  was  a  represent- 
ative from  \'irgiiiia  to  the  twelfth  congress. 
He  died  Jan.  24,   1836,  in  Virginia. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1772.  In  1813-17  he  was  a  representative 
from  Penn.sylvania  to  the  thirteenth  and 
tourteenth  congresses.  He  died  Oct.  4,  1824, 
in  F>rie,  Pa. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  merchant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Feb.  5,  1789,  in  Hartford 
county.  ;Md.  By  his  will  he  devoted  six 
hundred  and  twenty-five  thousand  dollars 
to  various  charities;  endowed  the  Thomas 
\\'ilson  sanitarium  for  children  with  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars;  and  a  fuel- 
saving  society  with  one  hundred  thousand 
dollars.  He  died  Sept.  2,  1879,  in  Balti- 
more, Md. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  ^lay  16,  1827,  in  Ireland. 
He  was  district  judge  in  1857-64;  and  was 
then  appointed  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  ^linnesota.  In  1864-69  he 
was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Minnesota;  and  in  1865-69  was  chief 
justice.  In  1880  he  was  elected  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  and 
in  1882-85  was  state  senator.  He  was  elect- 
ed to  the  fiftieth  congress  as  a  democrat. 
Since  1892  he  has  been  general  counsel  for 
the  Chicago,  St.  Paul,  Minneapolis  and 
Oiiiiilia   railroad  company. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  soldier,  was  born  in 
IS.'{2  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  During 
the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  brig- 
adier-general. He  died  Maj'  30,  1901,  in 
New   York  City. 


734 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wilson,  Thomas  Bellerby,  physician,  nat- 
uralist, was  born  Jan.  17,  1807,  in  Pliila- 
delphia.  In  1832  he  was  elected  to  the 
Academy  of  natural  sciences  of  Philadel- 
phia; and  at  once  took  an  active  part  in 
its  proceedings.  Its  library  was  largely 
created  through  his  liberality;  and  his 
collection  of  birds,  which  then  ranked  as 
the  third  in  the  world,  was  presented  by 
liim  to  the  academy.  He  was  president  in 
1863-64.  He  died  March  15,  1865,  in  New- 
ark. Del. 

Wilson,  Thomas  Pardon,  physician,  jour- 
nalist, prohibitionist,  founder,  w'as  born 
Nov.  9,  1831,  in  Peru,  Ohio.  He  practiced 
medicine  for  fifteen  years  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio;  and  for  eight  years  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  In  1880-85  he  was  professor  of  the 
])rineiples  and  practice  of  medicine  in  the 
university  of  Michigan.  He  w-as  twice 
president  of  the  Michigan  state  proliibition 
society.  In  1867  he  founded  the  Ohio  Med- 
ican  and  Surgical  Report;  and  in  1874 
founded  the  Cincinnati  Medical  Advance  of 
Ohio. 

Wilson,  Thomas  S.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
an  early  emigrant  to  Iowa  territory;  and 
in  1838-47  was  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court.  He  died  May  17,  1894,  in  Du- 
buque, Iowa. 

Wilson,  Thomas  W.,  agriculturalist,  li- 
brarian, was  born  March  4.  1853,  in  Dover, 
Del.  He  was  educated  at  Swarthmore  col- 
lege; and  for  many  years  has  followed  ag- 
ricultural pursuits.  He  has  been  president 
of  tlie  Delaware  state  board  of  agriculture; 
and  president  of  the  Delaware  state  fair. 
He  is  librarian  for  the  state  supreme  court 
of  Delaware.  Since  1905  he  has  also  been 
state  librarian  of  Delaware. 

Wilson,  Victor  Tyson,  educator,  drafts- 
man, author,  was  born  April  11,  1864,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  In  1887-93  he  was  in 
business  in  New  York  City.  In  1893-1903 
he  was  a  teacher  of  drawing  in  Sibley 
college  of  Cornell  university  of  Ithaca,  N. 
Y.  Since  1904  he  has  been  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  genera]  engineering  and  drawing 
in  the  university  of  Illinois.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Free  Hand  Perspective;  and  Free 
Hand  Lettering. 

Wilson,  W.  Hasell,  civil  engineer,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1811,  in  Charles- 
ton, S.C.  In  1827-34  he  Avas  civil  engineer 
on  surveys  for  the  Philadelphia  and  Colum- 
bia state  raih-oads.  In  1838  he  became 
chief  engineer  of  a  railroad;  and  in  1854 
chief  engineer  of  the  Philadeli)liia  and  West 
Chester  railroad.  He  was  rapidly  promoted; 
and  in  1873  became  president  of  the  Phila- 
delphia and  Erie  railroad  company,  resign- 
ing in  1874;  and  tlie  succeeding  ten  years 
was  at  the  head  of  the  real  estate  de- 
partment of  that  company.  During  1884-04 
he  was  again  its  president,  as  well  as  of 
several  otlier  companies;  and  in  his  nine- 
tieth year  lie  still  retains  the  presidency  of 
the    Belvidere   Delaware    railroad   company. 


Wilson,  William,  congressman.  In  1815- 
19  he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  con- 
gresses.   He   died  in  Pennsj'lvania. 

Wilson,  William,  congressman,  was  born 
ill  1772  in  Hillsborough  county,  N.H.  In 
1823-27  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  eighteenth  and  nineteenth  congress- 
es.  He  died  May  29,  1827,  in  Newark,  Ohio. 

Wilson,  William,  journalist,  poet,  was 
born  Dec.  26,  1801,  in  Scotland.  In  1854  he 
became  a  bookseller  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
He  was  the  author  of  Poems,  edited  by  B. 
J.  Lossing.  He  died  Aug.  25,  I860,  in 
Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 

Wilson,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1861  he  was  colonel  in  the 
sixth  regiment  New  York  infantry;  and 
in  1865  w^as  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of   volunteers.    He   died  Nov.   13,  1874. 

Wilson,  William  Bauchop,  miner,  labjor 
president,  congressman,  was  born  April  2, 
1862,  in  Scotland.  He  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1870;  and  received  a  common 
Fchool  education.  In  1888-90  he  w-as  presi- 
dent of  the  District  miner's  union;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  national  executive 
board  which  organized  the  United  mine 
workers  of  America.  Since  1900  he  has  been 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  National 
union  of  miners.  In  1907-11  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  six- 
tieth and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  dem- 
ocrat. 

Wilson,  William  Bender,  soldier,  telegra- 
pher, author,  was  born  April  5,  1839,  in 
Harrisburg,  Pa.  In  1855  he  entered  the  serv- 
ice of  the  Pennsylvania  railroad  company. 
In  1861-62  he  served  as  manager  of  the 
United  States  military  telegraph;  and  in 
1862-64  Avas  military  telegi-apher  and  scout. 
In  1903  he  was  commissioned  colonel;  and 
decorated  with  a  gold  medal  by  Governor 
Pennypacker  in  recognition  of  services  to 
the  state  during  the  civil  war.  He  is  the 
author  of  History  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Company;  and  Acts  and  Actors  in 
the    Civil   War. 

Wilson,  William  Dexter,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Feb.  28,  1816,  in 
Stoddard,  N.H.  He  is  an  episcopal  clergy- 
man of  Syracuse;  professor  philosophy  at 
Cornell  university  in  1868-86;  and  is  now 
dean  of  St.  Andrews  divinity  school  of 
Syracuse,  N.Y.  He  is  the  author  of  History 
of  the  Reformation  in  England;  The  Church 
Identified;  Psychology;  The  Foundations 
of  Religious  Belief;  Elementary  Treatise 
oil  Logic;  Live  Questions  in  Psychology 
and  Metaphysics;  and  Introduction  to  the 
Study  of  the  History  of  Philosophv.  lie 
died  'July   30.    1900.   in    Syracuse.  N.Y. 

Wilson,  William  Edward,  educator,  or- 
ganizer, lecturer,  was  born  ^farch  26.  1847. 
in  Beaver  county.  Pa.  In  1881-84  he  was 
])rofessor  of  1)iol()gical  science  in  Coe  col- 
lege of  Cedar  Rapids.  Iowa.  In  1884-92  he 
was    professor    of    natural    science    in    the 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


735 


Rhode  Island  normal  school;  and  in  1892- 
98  he  was  principal  of  the  Rliode  Island 
normal  scliool.  During  tliis  last  period  he 
secured  the  establishment  and  guided  the 
development  of  the  unique  system  of  nor- 
mal training  schools,  which  is  the  feature 
of  tlie  Rliode  Island  school  system.  Dur- 
ing this  time  lie  also  planned  in  all  its 
details  the  building  which  was  erected  in 
1894-98  for  the  Rhode  Island  normal  school 
at  a  cost  of  over  three  hundred  thousand 
dollars.  Since  1898  he  has  been  principal 
of  the  Washington  state  normal  school 
at  Ellensburg. 

Wilson,  William  Hasell,  railroad  presi- 
dent, linancier,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1811,  in 
Charleston,  S.C.  He  was  president  of  the 
Belvidere  Delaware  railroad  company;  and 
iresident  of  several  companies  whose  roads 
were  leased  by  the  Pennsylvania  railroad 
companv.  He  died  in  1902  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Wilson,  William  Huntington,  lawyer,  au- 
thor, was  burn  Aug.  21,  187U,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  He  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  West  Virginia.  He  is  the  author  of  Raf- 
naland;  a  novel. 

Wilson,  William  James,  manufacturer, 
inventor,  was  born  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  president  of  the  Wilson  packing  com- 
pany; and  inventor  and  patentee  of  a 
process  used  for  compressing  and  preserv- 
ing meats  and  other  foods  when  canned. 
In  1897  he  was  president  of  the  board  of 
West  park  commissioners  of  Chicago,  111.; 
and  in  1899-1901  was  president  of  the  Illi- 
nois  chil). 

Wilson,  William  Powell,  educator,  bot- 
anist, was  born  Oct.  17,  1844,  in  Oakland 
courit}',    ^lich.     He     was    educated    at    the 

^Michigan    state    agri- 
i-viltnral     college;     rc- 
f  ^^fcWt -^^^     reived   the   degrees   of 

^^^^^  ^^^H     l>-^-      from      Harvard 
^^^^^^    ^^H    university:  stud- 

^^^^^3^>>^^H  (iottingen. 

^^^^^%^H  i'.erlin. 
^^^^H    ^^H  In    1875-77 

I  _^^^^^^^^^^^H  '"'  instructoi-    at 

^^^A^^^^^H     in 
^Hi^l^lH^BiH  botany 

the       university       oF 

and  director  of  the  school 
l!)0(t-()l  he  was  commercial 
Pan-American  congress  in 
the  City  (jf  .Mexico.  In  lK9.'i  he  founded  the 
Phihulelpliia  co?nmerciaI  museum;  and 
studied  trade  and  economic  conditions  in 
Kurope.  South  America  and  tin-  West  In- 
dies. In  1H99  he  was  director-general  of 
the  exposition  of  manufactures  suitable 
for  export;  and  in  1904  was  chairman  of  the 
I'liilipjiine  exposition  board  at  the  St.  L<iu- 
is  exposition.  He  is  now  director  of  t!ie 
Philadcdphia  commercial  museums  at  I'liil- 
ailelphia,   Pa. 


Pennsyhania ; 
of    bi(dogy.     In 
atta<-lie    of    the 


Wilson,  William  Lyne,  soldier,  college 
president,  lawj'cr,  congressman,  cabinet  of- 
licer,  was  born  May  3,  1843,  in  Jefferson 
county,  W.Va.  He  was  elected  president  of 
the  West  Virginia  university  in  1882.  In 
1883-95  he  was  a  representative  to  the  for- 
ty-eighth, forty-ninth,  fiftieth,  fifty-first, 
fifty-second  and  fifty-third  congresses.  In 
1895-97  he  was  postmaster-general.  In 
1897-1900  he  was  president  of  the  Wash- 
ington and  Lee  universities.  He  died  Oct. 
17.   1900,  in  Lexington,  Va. 

vVilson,  William  Robert  Anthony,  physi- 
cian, author,  was  born  June  28,  1870,  in 
Washington,  111.  He  practiced  medicine  in 
Peoria,  111.;  and  now  practices  his  profes- 
sion in  Nev,'  York  City.  He  is  the  author 
of  A  Rose  of  Normandy;  A  Knot  of  Blue; 
Comrades  Three;  and  'ihe  King's  Scouts. 

Wilson,  William  Tecumseh,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1801  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  fifteenth  regiment  Ohio  infantry; 
and  in  18G5  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  in  18G5.    He  died  in  1905. 

Wilson,  William  Warlield,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  ^larch  2,  1869,  in  Ohio, 
111.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer,  of  Chicago, 
111.  In  1903-11  he  was  a  representative  from 
Illinois  to  the  fifty-eighth,  fifty-ninth,  six- 
tieth and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Wilson,  Woodrow,  President,  was  born  at 
Staunton,  Va.,  Dec.  28,  1856,  and  is  a  son 
of    the   Rev.   Joseph   R.   Wilson    and   Jessie 

Woodrow  Wilson,  the 
former        a        distin- 
guished    scholar     and 
clergyman       of       the 
Presbyterian      churcli 
of    the    south.       His 
father    was    a    native 
of      Ohio;       and      his 
mother    of    Scotland; 
and    his    ancestry    on 
both   sides   is   Scotch - 
Irish.       His     boyhood 
daj'S     were     spent    in 
Augusta,   Ga.,   at   Co- 
himbia,   S.C.   and    Wilmington,   N.C.,  where 
lie  prepared   for  college  with   private  tutors 
and    at    the    sduxds    of    these    places.      His 
real    educator,    however,    was    his    father,   a 
scholar  of  high   order,  for  some  years   pro- 
fessor   of    the    Columbia    (S.C.)    theological 
semin.iry.    and     who    closed    his    career    as 
professoi     in    the    Southwestern    theological 
seminary   at  Clarksville.  Tenn.     In    1874   he 
entered    Davidson    college.    North    Carolina, 
lemained  one  year,  and   in   the   fall  of   1S75 
weiit    to    Princeton    college,    frctin    which    he 
wa^,    graduated    in    the   cla.ss   of    1879.     Fol- 
lowing  hia   graduation    he   entered    the   uni- 
verdty  of  Virginia.  Charlottesville,   Va..  as 
a    Iiw   student,  and   was  graduated   in    1881. 
Fmu    two  years  he  practiced  law  at  Atlanta 
r,:x.     In    I88:{  to    1S85  <li.l  graduate  work  at 
tlie    .lohns    Ifopkin-i    university,    Baltimore, 


736 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Md.,  in  political  economy  and  history; 
1885  to  1888,  professor  of  history  and  po- 
litical economy  at  Bryn  Mawr  college, 
Pennsylvania:  1888  to  1890,  professor  in 
the  same  branches  of  science  at  Wesleyan 
university.  In  June,  1890,  he  Avas  elected 
professor  of  jurisprudence  and  political 
economy  at  Princeton  university.  In  1895 
the  department  was  divided  and  he  was  as- 
signed to  the  chair  of  jurisjirudc-nce.  In 
1897  he  was  promoted  to  the  McCormick 
professorship  of  jurisprudence  and  politics. 
In  1902  he  was  elected  president  of  the  uni- 
versity, resigning  both  that  oftice  and  his 
prolessorsiiip  in  October,  1910,  immediate- 
ly after  his  nomination  for  governor  of 
Nev/  Jersey,  to  which  office  he  was  elected 
November  8,  1910,  by  a  plurality  of  49,056 
votes.  He  was  married  June  24,  1885,  to 
Miss  Ellen  Louise  Axsen,  of  a  distinguished 
family  in  Savannah,  Ga.  They  have  three 
daugliters.  Miss  ^largaret  Woodrow  Wil- 
son, Mrs.  Francis  Bowes  Sayre,  and  Mrs. 
William  Gibbs  McAdoo.  He  is  tlie  author 
of  th(!  following  works:  Congressional  Gov- 
ernment in  1885;  The  State  Elements  of 
Historical  and  Practical  Politics,  in  1889; 
JJiv^sion  and  Reunion,  in  1893;  An  Old 
Master,  and  Otiier  Political  Essays,  in 
1893:  Mere  Literature  and  Other  Essays, 
in  189G;  Life  of  George  Washington,  in 
1896;  History  of  the  American  People,  in 
1902;  and  Constitutional  Government  in 
the  United   States,   in    1908. 

Wilstach,    John    Augustine,    lawyer,    lin- 
guist, author,  poi't,  was  born  -July  14,  1824, 


in    Washington, 


D.C.  In  1850  he  began 
the  practice  of  law  in 
Indiana.  For  ten 
years  he  was  master 
in  chancery;  and  in 
1867-72  was  commis- 
sioner of  emigration 
for  the  state  of  Indi- 
ana, lie  is  the  au- 
thor of  metricnl 
translations  of  Virgil 
and  Dante;  Dante, 
t  li  e  Danti-ans.  a  n  d 
xhings  Dantean.  a 
prose  work;  The  Bat- 
tle Forest,  an  epic  poem;  and  The  Angel 
and  the  King,  and  Other  Poems.  He  died 
July    24.    1S97.    in    Lafayette,    Ind. 

Wilstach,  Joseph  Walter,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  June  28,  1857,  in  Lafayette,  Ind. 
He  is  a  lawyer  of  Lafayette,  Ind.  He  is  the 
author  of  Horatian  Odes;  and  Montalem- 
bert:   A  Character  Study. 

Wilstach,  Paul,  dramatist,  aiithor,  was 
born  July  1,  1870,  in  Lafayette,  Ind.  He 
is  the  author  of  Solitaire,  Fifty  Games  of 
Patience.  His  plays  of  Polh"^  Primerose,  a 
Cai)ital  Comedy;  A  Gay  Deceiver;  and  Ru- 
fus   Rugg. 

Wiltse,  Sara  Eliza,  educator,  author,  was 
born  April  17,  1850,  in  Burns,  Mich.  She 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  Mich- 


Shiawassee  county. 


igan ;  and  in  academic  and  special  training 
in  Boston,  Mass.  She  attended  the  West- 
ern kindergarten  normal  school ;  and  took 
a  special  course  in  English  at  the  Boston 
university.  She  has  taught  in  the  grammar 
and  high  schools  of  Michigan  and  Tennessee ; 
in  the  kindergarten  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  and 
now  makes  a  specialty  of  club  and  settle- 
ment work  in  Boston.  She  has  edited 
Grimm's  Fairy  Tales ;  Les  Miserables  ;  Folk 
Lore  Stories  in  Proverbs  ;  and  is  the  author 
of  Stories  for  Kindergartens ;  Morning  Talks 
and  Stories ;  Place  of  Story  in  Early  Edu- 
cation; A  Brave  Baby;  and  Myths  and 
Mother   Plays. 

Wiltse,  Henry  M.,  lawyer,  legislator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Jan.  7,  1852,  in 
Mich.  He  received  his 
education  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Michigan, 
has  served  with  dis- 
tinction as  a  member 
of  the  Tennessee 
state  legislature;  has 
attained  prominence 
as  an  able  lawyer 
of  Chattanooga;  has 
been  city  attorney;, 
assistant  United 
States  attorney  for 
the  eastern  district 
of  Tennessee;  regis- 
tration commissioner  of  Hamilton  county; 
and  is  now  secretary  for  Tennessee  of 
American  folk-lore  society.  He  is  a  bril- 
liant lecturer;  and  has  contributed  exten- 
sively to  U'gal  jHiblications.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  the  work  entitled  The  Moonshiners, 
a  brief  history  of  tne  remarkable  people 
generally  so-called;  and  another  work  en- 
titled Folk-History  of  War  Times. 

Wiltz,  Louis  Alfred,  soldier,  legislator, 
governor,  was  born  Jau.  21,  1843,  in  New 
Orleans,  La.  He  enlisted  as  a  private  sol- 
dier in  the  confederate  service  during  the 
civil  war;  was  elected  captain;  and  became 
lirovost  marshal  ^t  Franklin,  La.  In  1875 
he  was  a  member  of  the  legislature  and 
speaker  of  the  house.  He  became  lieutenant- 
governor  and  president  of  the  state  sen- 
ate ;  and  in  1880-81  was  the  twenty-third 
governor  of  Louisiana.  He  died  Oct.  16, 
1881.   before   the  expiration   of   his   term. 

Wiman,  Erastus,  capitalist,  author,  was 
born  April  21,  1834.  in  Canada.  For  thir- 
ty j-ears  he  was  partner  and  manager  of  li. 
(i.  Dun's  mercantile  agency  ;  is  now  manag- 
ing director  Mutual  mercantile  agency.  He 
was  the  author  of  Chances  of  Success.  He 
di.'d  Feb.  9.  1904.  at  Staten  Island,  N.Y. 
Wimmer,  Boniface,  Roman  catholic  pre- 
late, founder,  was  born  Jan.  9,  1809,  in  Ba- 
varia. In  1848  he  laid  the  foundation  of 
the  present  St.  Vincent's  abbey.  Two  years 
afterward  he  founded  St.  Mary's  priory  in 
Elk  county.  Pa.  He  died  Dec.  8.  1887,  in 
Westmoreland   county.   Pa. 

Winans,  Edwin  Baruch,  farmer,  lawyer, 
jurist,    state    legislator,    congressman,    gov- 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


737 


ernor,  was  boru  May  16,  1826,  in  Avon,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  representative  in  the  Michigan 
state  legislature  in  1861-65  ;  and  in  1876  was 
elected  probate  judge  for  Livingston  coun- 
ty. In  1883-87  he  was  a  representative  from 
Michigan  to  the  forty-eighth  and  forty-ninth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  was  the  twen- 
ty-first governor  of  Michigan  in  1891-93.  He 
died  July  4,  1894,  in  Hamburg,  Mich. 

Winans,  James  January,  lawyer,  jurist, 
stale  senator,  congressman,  was  born  June  7, 
1818,  in  Maysville,  Ky.  In  1857  he  was  elect- 
ed to  the  Ohio  state  senate  ;  and  in  1863  was 
elected  a  representative  in  the  legislature.  In 
1864-71  he  was  a  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon picas.  In  1869-71  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Ohio  to  the  forty -first  congress  as 
a   republican. 

Winans,  John,  lawyer,  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  Sept.  27,  1831,  in  Vernon, 
.\.J.  He  received  a  thorough  education  in 
the  public,  private  schools  and  academies  in 
New  Jersey.  He  is  one  of  the  foremost  law- 
yers in  Wisconsin  at  Janesville ;  has  been 
city  attorney  several  terms ;  mayor  of  his 
city  for  two  terms;  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature  several  terms ;  and  in  1883-85  he 
was  a  representative  from  Wisconsin  to  the 
forty-eighth  congress.  He  has  been  presi- 
dential elector  several  times ;  and  was  chair- 
man of  the  convention  of  democratic  clubs 
of  the  United  States  at  Baltimore  in  1888. 
He  (licil  ill  South  Dakota. 

Winans,  Ross,  nvanufacturer,  inventor, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1796,  in  Vernon, 
X.J.  One  of  his  first  devices  was  a  plough. 
Afterward  he  invented  the  friction-wheel  for 
cars;  and  the  outside  bearing  on  axles;  now 
almost  indispensable  to  the  use  of  railways. 
He  was  also  the  inventor  of  the  eight- 
wheeled  car  system.  He  built  the  first  suc- 
cessful locomotive  used  on  this  railroad  and 
also  invented  the  camel-back  locomotive.  He 
establislied  in  Baltimore  the  largest  railway 
ni;whinp-shoi>s  in  America,  and  his  sons  were 
associated  in  the  maiiairemcnt.  lie  was  tlie 
author  of  One  Keligion  :  Many  Creeds.  He 
died    April    11.    1877.    in   Baltimore,   Md. 

Winans,  Samuel  Ross,  educator,  author, 
was  l)()rn  .March  1.  1855,  in  Elizabeth.  N.J. 
Since  1876  he  has  been  professor  of  Greek 
at  I'rinceton  university ;  and  in  1899  was 
made  dean  of  the  university.  He  is  the  au- 
thor   of    se\-el:il     text    books. 

Winans,  William,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  3.  1788,  in  I'cnnsylvania.  He  was 
a  pioneer  of  his  church  in  Mississippi  and 
Lr>uisiana :  and  took  a  conspicuous  part  in 
the  organization  of  the  inetliodist  ei)iscoi)al 
<hurcli,  south.  He  was  the  author  of  Dis- 
courses on  I-'undamental  Religious  Subjects, 
He  di.-d  Aug.  31.  1857.  in  Amite  countv. 
Miss. 

Winchell,  Alexander,  educator,  geologist, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  31.  1824,  in  North 
East.  Dutchess  county.  N.Y.  He  was  a  pro- 
fessor of  geology,  zoology  and  botany  at  the 
university  of  Michigan  in  1854-73  and  1879- 
91.      In   1859  he  directed    the  geological  sur- 


vey of  Michigan  ;  and  discovered  over  three 
hundred  new  species,  mostly  fossil.  Four- 
teen species  bear  his  name.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Sketches  of  Creation  ;  Pre- Adamites ; 
Doctrine  of  Evolution;  World  Life;  Science 
and  Keligion ;  The  Geology  of  the  Stars ; 
Thoughts  on  Causality  ;  Sparks  from  a  Ge- 
ologist's Hammer;  Geological  Excursions; 
Geological  Studies  ;  and  Walks  and  Talks  in 
the  Geological  Field.  He  died  Feb.  19,  1891, 
in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

Winborne,  Benjamin  Brodie,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator,  jurist,    was   born    April   14,    1854,    in 
Hertford  county,  N.C.     He  was  educated  at 
'  Buckhorn   academy   of 

Hertford  county,  N.C. ; 
attended  Wake  For- 
est college  of  North 
Carolina ;  and  gradu- 
ated from  Columbian 
university  of  Wash- 
ington, D.C.  He  has 
been  solicitor  a  n  d 
judge ;  and  in  1895- 
1905  was  a  representa- 
tive in  the  North  Caro- 
lina state  legislature ; 
and  was  chairman  of 
the  judiciary  committee.  He  was  a  delegate 
to  the  national  democratic  convention  that 
first  nominated  William  Jennings  Bryan  for 
president;  and  declined  to  accept  the  nomi- 
nation for  congress  in  1896.  Since  1895  he 
^  iias  been  a  representative  in  the  North  Car- 
olina   stale    legislature. 

Wind  ell,  Benjamin  La  Fon,  railroad  pres- 
ident, was  born  July  8,  1858,  in  Palmyria, 
;Mo.  In  1874  he  entered  railway  service;  in 
1900  became  jjresideut  of  the  Kansas  City, 
Fort  Scott  and  Memphis  railway  ;  since  1901 
has  been  vice-presideat  and  general  manager 
of  the  Frisco  system ;  and  since  1904  has 
been  president  of  the  Chicago,  Rock  Island 
and    I':icifi<'    railroad. 

Winchell,  Horace  Vaughn,  geologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  1,  1865.  in  Galesburg. 
Mich.  He  has  been  geologist  for  the  Ana- 
conda copper  mining  company  of  Butte, 
Mont.:  and  since  1906  is  chief  geologist  of 
the  Great  northern  railroad  company.  He  is 
the  nnlliur  of  The  Inm  Ores  of  Minnesota. 

Winchell,  James  Manning,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior.  was  born  Se])t.  8,  1791,  in  North  East. 
Dutchess  county.  N.Y.  He  was  pastor  of 
the  First  Baptist  church  of  Boston  in  1814- 
20.  He  was  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Amer- 
ican Baptist  Magazine.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Jubilee  Sermons;  Two  Discourses, 
exhibtiuL'  an  Historical  Sketch  of  the  First 
liaptist  Church  in  Boston  from  1665  to  1818; 
and  Watts'  Psalms  and  Hymns,  with  a  Sup- 
plement. He  died  Feb.  22.  1820.  in  Boston. 
.Mass. 

Winchell,  Newton  Horace,  geologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  17,  1839,  in  North- 
east. N.Y,  He  was  state  geologist  of  Minne- 
sf)ta  in  1872-1900:  and  also  editor-in-chief 
.Vnierican  (Jeologist.  He  is  the  author  of 
(Jeology  of  Minnesota  :  I'r^  Annual  Rep'^vts 


738 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


on  the  Geological  Natural  History  Survey  of 
Minnesota  from  1872. 

Winchell,  Samuel  Robertson,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  26,  1843,  in  North 
East,  N.Y.  He  has  been  editor,  publisher 
and  proprietor  of  various  educational  jour- 
nals ;  and  in  1894-97  was  principal  of  the 
Winchell  academy  of  Evanston,  111.  Since 
1892  he  has  been  manager  of  NYinchell's 
teachers'  agency  and  lecture  bureau.  He  is 
the  author  of  Latin  Prose  Composition  ;  and 
several  other  educational  works. 

Winchester,  Boyd,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
diplomat,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  23, 
1836,  in  Ascension,  La.  In  1867  he  was  elect- 
ed a  Kentucky,  state  senator.  He  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1868.  In  1869-73  ho 
was  a  representative  from  Kentucky  to  the 
forty-first  and  forty-second  congresses.  In 
1875-77  he  was  president  of  the  Farmers' 
and  drovers'  insurance  company.  In  1885  he 
was  appointed  minister  resident  and  consul- 
general  of  tlie  I'uited  States  to  Switzerland. 
"Winchester,  Caleb  Thomas,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Jan.  18,  1847,  in 
Montville,  Conn.     In  1869  he  graduated  from 

the  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity ;  studied  in  Leip- 
sig ;  and  received  the 
honorary      degree      of 

L.II.I).    from    Dickin- 

•;}^g  ^P*'  f^T^H  son  college.  He  has 
lectured  frequently  on 
literary  subjects, 
mostly  before  literary 
institutions  and  col- 
leges. Since  1873  he 
has  been  professor  of 
English  literature  in 
Wesleyan  university. 
He  is  the  author  of  Five  Short  courses  of 
Reading  in  English  Literature ;  Some  Prin- 
ciples of  Literary  Criticism ;  and  other 
works.. 

Winchester,  Charles  Wesley,  educator, 
clergyman,  lecturer,  author,  was  born  July 
2,  1843,  in  Westminster,  Vt.  In  1867  he 
graduated  from  the  Genesee  college,  which 
institution  was  subsequently  absorbed  into 
the  Syracuse  university;  and  has  received 
the  degree  of  A.B.,  A.M.,  and  D.I).  He  has 
filled  the  chair  of  Greek  and  German  in  the 
Fairfield  seminary  ;  and  of  Latin  and  Greek 
in  the  Cazenovia  seminary.  Since  1870  he 
has  been  a  clergyman  of  the  methodist  epis- 
copal church ;  and  also  a  presiding  elder 
since  that  time.  For  eleven  years  he  was 
secretary  of  the  Genesee  conference ;  trav- 
eld  in  Europe  in  1890  ;  and  in  1891  was  a 
member  of  the  second  ecumenical  conference 
in  Washington,  D.C.  He  is  president  of 
Taylor  university  of  Ujjland,  Ind.  He  has 
lectured  extensively  on  various  themes,  prin- 
cipally on  The  Eight  Wonders  of  the  World. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Gospel  Kodak 
Al)n)a(l  ;  The  Wells  of  Salvation  ;  and  other 
works. 

Winchester,   Elhanan,   clergyman,   author. 
l)oet,  was  born   Sept.  30.  1751,  in   Brookline, 


Mass.  He  was  a  uuiversalist  clergyman  of 
Philadelphia ;  and  in  earlier  life  a  baptist 
minister.  He  was  the  author  of  New  Book 
of  i'uenib  oil  tSeveral  Occasions ;  Universal 
Restoration ;  Prophecies  to  Be  Fulfilled ; 
and  Progress  and  Empire  of  Christ,  a  Poem. 
He  died  April  18,  1797,  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Winchester,  James,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Maryland.  In  1777  he  was  a  second  lieu- 
tenant ;  and  in  1780  was  a  prisoner  at 
Charleston.  In  1812  he  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  in  the  United  States 
army;  and  resigned  in  1815.  He  died  July 
27,  1826. 

Winchester,  James,  soldier,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  l;oni  Feb.  6,  1752,  in  Westminster, 
Md.  In  1799  he  was  apirointed  district  judge 
of  the  court  of  tlie  United  States  for  the 
district  of  Maryland.  He  entered  the  army 
as  a  colonel  from  Tennessee  in  1812 ;  and 
was  made  a  brigadier-general  in  1813.  In 
1815  he  resigned  his  commission  in  the  army. 
He  died  July  27.  1826,  near  Gallatin,  Tenn. 
Winchester,  Oliver  Fisher,  manufacturer, 
was  born  Nov.  30,  1810,-  in  Boston,  Mass. 
In  1865  his  company  was  reorganized  as  the 
Winchester  Reiieating  arms  company  of  New 
Haven.  Conn.  They  furnished  many  rifles 
for  the  French  government  during  the  war 
with  Germany  ;  and  to  Turkey  in  the  Russo- 
Turkish  war.  He  died  Dec.  10.  1880,  in  New 
Haven.  Conn. 

Winchester,  Samuel  Gover,  clergyman. 
author,  was  born  Feb.  17,  1805,  in  Rock 
Ru;'.  Md.  He  was  a  presbyterian  clergy- 
man of  Philadeliihia  and  Natchez.  He  was 
the  autlior  of  Companion  for  the  Sick;'Fam- 
ily  Religion  ;  and  The  Theatre.  He  died  Aug. 
31.   1841.    in   New   York  City. 

Winder,  Charles  Sidney,  soldier,  was  born 
Oct.  18,  1829.  in  Talbot  county,  Md.  In 
1861  he  became  colonel  of  the  6th  regiment 
South  Carolina  infantry;  and  brigadier-gen- 
eral in  the  confederate  army  in  1862.  His 
Ijrigade  was  composed  of  the  2d,  4th,  5th, 
27th,  and  33d  Yirginia  regiments  of  infan- 
try, army  of  northern  Yirginia.  He  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain.  He 
died  Aug.  9.  1862.  at  Cedar  Mountain. 

Winder,  John  Henry,  soldier,  was  born 
in  1800  in  Maryland.  He  took  part  in  the 
war  with  Mexico,  and  was  at  the  battles 
of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,  the  storming 
of  Chapultepec.  and  capture  of  Mexico ; 
gaining  for  his  gallantry  the  brevets  of  ma- 
jor and  lieutenant-colonel.  In  1860  he  was 
promoted  major  and  subsequently  attained 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general  in  the  confed- 
erate states  army.  He  died  Feb.  9,  1865,  in 
Braiu'hville.   S.C. 

Winder,  Levin,  soldier,  state  senator,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  1756.  He  was  appointed 
major  of  the  Maryland  regiment  in  1777; 
and  was  a  lieutenant  colonel  at  the  close  of 
the  revolutionary  war.  Prior  to  1812  he 
was  speaker  of  the  house  of  delegates;  and 
in  1812-15  he  was  the  eleventh  governor  of 
Maryland.     In  1816  he  was  a  member  of  the 


HERRINGSHAAVS   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


739 


State  senate,  lie  was  a  general  of  militia  ; 
and  srand  master  of  Masons  of  Maryland. 
He  died  July  7,   1819.  in  Baltimore,   Md. 

Windes,  Thomas  G.,  soldier,  educator,  law- 
yer, jurist,  was  born  Jan.  19.  1848,  in  Mor- 
gan county.  Ala.  In  1864-65  be  served  in 
the  confederate  states  army ;  and  has  been 
engaged  as  a  teacher,  farmer,  and  a  practic- 
ing attorney.  Since  1892  he  has  been  judge 
of  the  circuit  court  of  Cook  county.  111. ;  and 
since  1908  has  been  chief  justice. 

WindmuUer,  Louis,  merchant,  banker,  was 
born  in  1835  in  Munster.  In  1853  he  immi- 
grated to  Now  York  where  he  has  since  re- 
sided. He  is  treasurer  of  the  Legal  aid  so- 
ciety which  furnishes  gratuitous  legal  ad- 
vice to  helpless  strangers ;  and  since  1899 
has  been  treasurer  of  the  Reform  club.  He 
is  a  collector  of  books  and  pictures.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  New  York  chamber  of  com- 
merce ;  a  life  member  of  the  New  York  his- 
torical society  ;  a  member  of  numerous  clubs 
and  charitable  societies ;  managing  director 
of  the  board  of  trade  and  transportation ; 
and  president  of  the  Maiden  Lane  savings 
bank  of  New  York  City.  He  is  a  contribu- 
tor to  several  local  and  foreign  newspapers; 
and  has  written  on  divers  questions  of  po- 
litical economy. 

Windom,  William,  lawyer,  congressman. 
United  Slates  senator,  cabinet  officer,  was 
born  May  10,  1827,  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio. 
In  1859-69  he  was  a  representative  from  Min- 
nesota to  the  thirty-sixth,  thirty-seventh, 
thirty-eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth  con- 
gresses. In  1869-83  he  was  Tnited  States 
senator;  and  in  1881-83  and  1889-91  he  was 
secretary  of  the  treasury.  He  died  Jan.  29, 
1891.  in  New  York  City. 

Winds,  William,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  in  1727  in  Southhold,  N.Y.  He  was 
captain  in  the  New  Jersey  brigade  to  aid  in 
the  conquest  of  Canada.  In  1776  he  was  a 
delegate  to  provincial  congress.  He  died 
Oct.  12.  1779,  in  Kockaway.  N.J. 

Windship,  George  Barker,  athlete,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Jan.  3,  1834,  in  Koxbury, 
Mass.  Out  of  his  experiments  grew  the 
modern  system  of  health-lifting.  Besides 
his  liftiitg-apparatus,  he  invented  a  system 
of  graduated  dumb-bells.  He  died  Sept.  14, 
1876.  in  Koxbury.  Mass. 

Windsor,  Phineas  Lawrence,  librarian,  au- 
thor, was  i)orn  in  1871  in  Illinois.  In  1895 
he  graduated  with  the  degree  of  IMi.B.  from 
the  Northwestern  university  of  Evanston, 
111.;  he  studied  two  years  in  the  New  York 
state  library  .school  ;  and  one  year  in  the 
Albany  law  school.  In  1899-1900  he  was 
assistant  of  the  New  York  state  library;  in 
1900-03  assistant  in  the  copyright  oflice  of 
the  library  of  congress;  and  in  1903-09  was 
Iii)rarian  of  the  university  of  Texas  at  Aus- 
tin. Since  1909  he  has  been  librarian  of  the 
university  of  Illinois  at  I'rbaua.  He  is  the 
editor  of  the  Handbook  of  Texas  Libra- 
ries. 

Winebrenner,  John,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  March  24,  1797.  in  Frederick  coun- 


ty, Md.  He  was  a  clergyman  of  the  German 
reformed  church  of  Ilarrisburg.  Pa.  ;  and 
founder  in  1830  of  the  Church  of  (iod,  a  sect 
commonly  known  as  Wiuebrennerians.  He 
was  the  author  of  liegeueration ;  Practical 
and  Doctrinal  Sermons  ;  and  Brief  Views  of 
the  Church  of  God.  He  died  Sept.  12,  1860, 
in   Ilarrisburg.  I'a. 

Wines,  Enoch  Cobb,  clergyman,  philan- 
thropist, author,  was  born  Feb.  17,  1806,  in 
Hanover,  N.J.  He  was  a  congregational 
clergyman,  widely  known  as  a  philanthropist ; 
and  labored  extensively  in  behalf  of  prison 
reform.  In  1859  he  became  president  of  the 
university  of  St.  Louis.  In  1872  he  was  sent 
to  Europe  by  the  government  to  establish 
an  international  prison  congress,  sessions 
being  held  in  1872  and  in  1877.  He  was  the 
author  of  Two  and  a  Half  Years  in  the 
Navy  ;  A  Trip  to  China  ;  Hints  on  Popular 
Education  ;  How  Shall  I  Govern  My  School?  ; 
Commentaries  on  Laws  of  the  Ancient  He- 
brews ;  Adam  and  Christ ;  Prisons  and  Re- 
formatories of  the  United  States  and  Can- 
ada ;  and  State  of  Prisons  and  Child-Sav- 
ing Institutions  Throughout  the  World.  Lie 
died  Dec.  10.  1879,  in  Cambridge,  INIass. 

Wines,  Frederick  Howard,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  9,  1838,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  formerly  a  presbyterian 
clergyman  ;  and  now  devoted  in  official  and 
private  capacities  to  various  reforms  con- 
nected with  the  defective,  dependent,  and 
criminal  classes.  In  1899-1902  he  was  as- 
sistant director  of  the  United  States  census. 
He  is  the  author  of  Punishment  and  Ref- 
ormation, an  Historical  Sketch  of  the  Rise 
of  the  Penitentiary  System ;  The  Liquor 
Problem  in  Its  Legislative  Aspects. 

Winfield,  Charles  H.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  April  22.  1822,  in  Crawford,  N.Y. 
He  was  district  attorney  for  Orange  county 
in  1850-56.  In  1863-67  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  thirty-eighth  and 
thirty-ninth  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He 
(lied   in  Orange  county.  N.Y. 

Winfield,  Charles  Hardenburg,  lawyer, 
state  senator,  author,  was  born  Nov.  8,  1829, 
in  Deer  Park.  N.Y.  In  1883-98  he  was 
prosi^cntor  of  the  pleas  in  Hudson  county, 
N.J.  In  1886-89  he  was  a  member  of  the 
state  senate  of  New  Jersey.  He  was  the 
author  of  Land  Titles  of  Hudson  County. 
N.J.;  and  a  history  of  that  county;  Major 
Leo's  Capture  of  Paulus  Hook  in  1779: 
;Mouoi:raph  on  the  Founding  of  Jersey  City; 
and  History  of  Iloiiokeii.  He  died  March  9, 
1898.   in  Jersey  City,   N.J. 

Wing,  Austin  E.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  i)orn  in  1792  in  Berkshire 
county.  Mass.  In  1825-29  and  1831-33  he 
was  a  territorial  delegate  from  Michigan  to 
the  nineteenth,  twentieth  and  twenty-second 
contiresses.  lie  di.'d  Aug.  25,  1849,  in  Cleve- 
land. Oiiio. 

Wing,  Charles  Benjamin,  educator,  civil 
en^'ineer,  author,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1864,  in 
Dutchess  county.  N.Y.  Since  1892  he  has 
been    jirofessor   of   structural    engineering    in 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


the  Lelaud  Stanford  university  of  California. 
He  is  tlie  autlior  of  Free-Haud  Lettering  for 
Worlcing  Drawings ;  and  A  Manual  of  Bridge 
Drafting. 

Wing,  Conway  Phelps,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  12,  1809,  in  Marietta,  Ohio. 
Lie  was  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of  Car- 
lisle, Pa. ;  and  long  active  as  an  abolitionist. 
He  was  the  author  of  Historj'  of  Cumberland 
County,  Pa. ;  and  History  of  the  Presbyteries 
of  York  and  Carlisle.  lie  died  May  7,  1889; 
in  Carlisle,  Pa. 

Wing,  Daniel  Gould,  banker,  financier,  was 
born  Sept.  10,  1868,  in  Davenport,  Iowa. 
In  1897  he  was  appointed  national  bank  ex- 
aminer. He  subsequently  became  president 
of  the  Massachusetts  national  bank  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  now  known  as  the  first  national 
bank,  which  has  deposits  of  over  forty  million 
dollars. 

Wing,  Francis  Joseph,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Sept.  14,  1850,  in  North  Bloomfield, 
Ohio.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Ohio  bar. 
In  1901-05  he  was  judge  of  the  United 
States  district  court  for  the  northern  district 
of   Ohio. 

Wing,  George  Clary,  lawyer,  federal  odi- 
cial,  was  born  April  4,  1848,  in  Bloomfield, 
Ohio.  He  received  his  preparatory  educa- 
tion at  Phillips  acad- 
emy of  Auburn, 
Mass. ;  graduated,  in 
course,  from  Harvard 
college  in  1871  with 
the  degree  of  A.B. ; 
and  in  1873  graduated 
from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  George- 
town university  with 
tiio  degree  of  LL.B. 
lie  became  chief  clerk 
of  the  United  States 
department  of  justice 
at  Wasliiii.;:luii,  D.C. ;  from  1879-83  was  at- 
torney for  the  government  in  the  defense  of 
suit  in  tie  court  or  claims;  thereafter  was 
iliicf  of  the  diplomatic  bureau  of  the  United 
States  di'partment  of  state  until  1884;  since 
which  time  he  has  practiced  law  with  suc- 
cess in  Cleveland.  Ohio. 

Curtis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
born  April  16,  1847,  in 
,  He  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1868.  He 
practiced  law  for 
two  years  at  Lisbon 
Falls  and  in  IMarch, 
1870,  removed  to  Au- 
b  u  r  n  w  here  he 
formed  a  co-partner- 
ship with  the  Hon.  Na- 
hum  Morrill.  He  served 
on  the  sui)erinteuding 
school  committee  of 
Auburn  in  1872  and 
1873  ;  and  was  city  so- 
licitor in  1878-87.  He 
was  one  of  the  incorporators  of  the  Shoe  and 
leather  bank   in   1875,   and   has  been   one  of 


Wing,     George 

Statesnian,     was 
Livcnninc,  Elaine 


its  directors  ever  since.  He  was  elected 
county  attorney  for  the  county  of  Androscog- 
gin in  1872,  and  judge  of  probate  in  1875 
and  1879,  and  was  appointed  judge  of  pro- 
bate for  the  year  1885.  He  was  chairman 
of  the  republican  state  committee  in  1884. 
and  in  that  year  was  chairman  of  the  re- 
publican state  delegation  to  the  convention 
at  Chicago.  He  served  on  the  staffs  of  Gov-- 
crnors  Bodwell  and  Marble  as  judge-advo- 
cate general.  In  1903  he  was  a  member  of 
the  JIaine  state  senate. 

Wing,  Henry  Hiram,  educator,  agricul- 
turist, author,  was  born  Nov.  29,  1859, 
in  New  York  City.  Since  1903  he  has  been 
professor  of  animal  husbandry  at  Cornell 
university  of  Ithaca,  N.Y.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Milk  and  Its  Products. 

Wing,  Warren,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1805  in  Marietta,  Ohio.  He  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  Monroe,  Mich. ;  in  1837 
was  a  representative  in  the  Michigan  state 
legislature ;  and  in  1838-39  was  a  member 
of  the  state  senate.  In  1845-56  he  was  an  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
of  :Michigan.  He  died  March  10,  1876,  in 
Monroe,   Mich. 

Wingard,  Samuel  Cyrus,  lawyer,  jurist, 
slate  legislator,  was  born  Aug.  6,  1825,  in 
Huntingdon  county.  Pa.  He  served  two 
terms  as  a  representative  in  the  Pennsylva- 
nia state  legislature.  He  moved  to  Washing- 
ton territory  in  1870;  and  in  1872  was  ap- 
pointed United  States  attorney  for  that  ter- 
ritory :  and  in  1875  became  an  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  the  territory. 

Wingate,  Charles  Edgar  Lewis,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  14,  1861,  in  E.xeter, 
X.H.  He  is  general  manager  of  the  Boston 
Journal.  He  is  the  author  of  Shakespeare's 
Heroines  on  the  Stage  ;  Can  Such  Things  BeV  ; 
History  of  the  Wingate  Family;  and  co-edi- 
tor of  Famous  American  Actors  of  To-day. 

Wingate,  Charles  Frederick,  civil  engineer, 
aiithnr,  was  l)urn  March  5,  1848,  in  New 
York  City.  He  is  a  sanitary  engineer  of 
New  York  City ;  and  in  1887  was  instrumen- 
tal in  securing  the  passage  of  a  bill  to  amend 
the  tenement  house  law  and  the  small  parks 
liill.  He  is  the  author  of  Views  and  Inter- 
views on  Journalism  ;  Plumbing  and  House 
Drainage;  Twilight  Tracts;  and  What  Shall 
Our   Boys  Do  for  a  Living. 

Wingate,  George  Wood,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  July  1,  1840,  in  New  Y'ork 
City.  He  is  known  as  father  of  rifle  prac- 
tice in  America.  He  is  the  author  of  Last 
Campaign  of  the  Twenty-Second  Kegiment ; 
Manual  of  Rifle  Practice;  On  Horse-back 
Through  the  Yellowstone ;  and  The  Great 
Cholera   Kiots. 

Wingate,  James  Dana  Paine,  journalist, 
genealogist,  was  born  April  2,  1855.  For 
twenty-five  years  he  was  editor  and  publish- 
er of  the  Gazette  of  Exeter.  N.II.;  and  is 
now  business  manager  of  the  Boston  Journal. 
In  1888  he  published  The  History  of  the 
Wi^igate  Family  in  England  and  America. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAI'HY. 


741 


Wingate,  Joseph  F.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressiuan.  was  born  iu  Massachusetts.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  1818-19 ;  and  was  collector  of 
customs  at  Bath  in  1820-24.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Maine  legislature  in  1825-26.  In 
1827-31  he  was  a  representative  from  Maine 
to  the  twentieth  and  twentj'-tirst  congresses. 
He  died  in  Maine. 

Wingate,  Paine,  clergj^man,  lawyer,  jurist, 
con;;ri,'ssni;ui,  L  nited  States  senator,  was 
born  yii\y  14.  1739.  in  Amesbury,  Mass.  In 
1787-88  lie  was  a  delegate  from  New  Hamp- 
shire to  the  continental  congress ;  and  in 
1789-93  he  was  United  States  senator.  In 
1793-95  he  was  a  representative  to  the  third 
congress.  In  1798-1809  he  was  a  judge  of 
the  superior  court  of  New  Hampshire.  He 
died  March  7,  1838,  in  Stratham,  N.H. 

Wingfield,  Edward  M.,  colonial  governor. 
In  1GU7  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

Wingfield,  John  Henry  Ducachet,  clergy- 
man, ctillcge  president,  bisliop,  was  born 
Sept.  24,  1833,  in  Portsmouth,  Va.  In  1874 
he  was  consecrated  protestant  episcopal  bish- 
op of  northern  California.  He  was  also  the 
president  of  the  St.  Augustine  college  and 
the  St.  Mary's  college;  and  rector  of  St. 
TnuTs  church  of  Benicia,  Cal.  He  died 
July   27.  1898.  in  Benicia.   Cal. 

Wingfield,  Samuel  Barnett,  soldier,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Feb.  24,  1838,  in  Washing- 
ton. Ga.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
and  private  schools  of  his  native  county ; 
and  prior  to  the  civil  war  was  a  teacher, 
bookkeeper  and  tax  collector.  He  served 
three  years  during  the  civil  war  in  the  con- 
federate army;  and  was  at  the  surrender  of 
Athinta  and  Savannah.  Since  then  he  has 
been  bookkeeper  and  railroad  official.  In 
1901-05  he  was  probate  judge  for  Clarke 
county  :  and  was  ordinary  of  Clarke  county. 

Wingo,  Otis  Theodore,  congressman,  was 
born  June  18.  1877.  in  Weakly  county,  Tenn. 
lie  has  l)een  a  member  of  the  Arkansas  state 
seiiate.  In  1913-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  .\rkansas  to  the  sixty-third  congress. 

Winkler,  Edwin  Theodore,  clergyman,  an- 
tlior.  was  born  Nov.  13.  1823.  in  Savannah, 
Ca.  In  1872  he  took  charge  of  the  baptist 
church  in  Marion.  Ala.;  and  in  1874  he  was 
made  editor-in-chief  of  the  Alabama  Baptist. 
lie  was  the  author  of  a  catchccism  for  the  in- 
struction of  of  colored  people  ;  and  of  several 
|)iil)lislied  sermons,  addresses  and  essays.  He 
died   Nov.  10.  1883.  in  Marion.  Ala. 

Winkler,  Frederick  Charles,  soldier,  law- 
yer, was  born  Manli  15,  1838,  in  Cermany. 
He  is  a  noted  lawyer  of  ^lilwaukee.  Wis. 
I>uring  the  civil  war  he  entered  the  union 
army;  and  was  l)revettcd  major-general  of 
volunteers. 

Winkler.  Max,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Sept.  4.  ISOfi.  in  .Vustria.  Since  1890  he  lias 
been  connected  with  the  university  of  Micli- 
isran  ;  and  since  1902  has  iieen  jirofessor  of 
Cerman  language  and  literature.  He  has 
edited   several   works   in   rjerman. 


Winkley,  Henry,  merchant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Nov.  9,  1803,  in  Barrington, 
N.H.-  He  was  an  importer  of  china  ware  in 
New  York  City  and  Philadelphia  in  1831- 
52.  He  divided  his  fortune  among  such  edu- 
cational institutions  as  he  considered  ortho- 
dox. He  gave  to  Williams  college  fifty  \ 
thousand  dollars  ;  to  Phillips  Exeter  academy 
thirty  thousand ;  to  Bowdoin  college  seven- 
ty thousand  ;  to  the  Theological  seminary  at 
Bangor  thirty  thousand  ;  to  that  at  Andover 
forty-five  thousand  ;  and  to  the  one  at  Yale 
fifty  thousand ;  and  to  Dartmouth  college 
eighty  thousand  dollars  and  to  Amherst  col- 
lege thirty  thousand  dollars.  He  died  Aug. 
9,   1888,    i"n   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Winlock,  Joseph,  mathematician,  astron- 
omer, was  born  Feb.  6,  1826,  in  Shelby  coun- 
ty, Ky.  His  first  work  after  taking  charge 
of  Harvard  observatory  was  the  reduction 
and  publication  of  the  unfinished  work  of 
his  predecessors,  thus  completing  the  volume 
on  sun  spots,  the  catalogue  of  zone-stars  and 
of  polar  and  clock  stars  that  has  since  been 
published.  His  other  work  included  a  cata- 
logue of  now  double  stars  and  much  labor 
on  stellar  photometry.  He  died  June  11, 
1875.   in   Camliridge.  Mass. 

Winlock,  William  Crawford,  educator,  as- 
tronomer, was  born  [March  27,  1859.  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass,  In  1880  he  was  assistant  as- 
tronomer at  the  United  States  naval  obser- 
vatory. In  1889  he  was  curator  of  exchanges 
in  the  Smithsonian  institution  ;  and  later  was 
appointed  honorary  curator  of  apparatus. 
In  1886  he  was  professor  of  a.stronomy  in 
Concordia  scientific  school  of  Columbia  uni- 
versity. He  died  Sept.  20,  1896,  in  Bay 
Head,  N.J. 

Winn,  John  F.,  journalist,  physician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  13.  1852,  in  Fluvanna 
county.  Va.  In  1886  he  established,  and 
since  then  has  been  owner  and  editor  of  the 
Richmond  .Tournal  of  Practice.  He  is  pro- 
fessor of  clinical  obstetrics  at  the  university 
college  of  medicine.  He  is  the  author  of  One 
Thousand  Ca.ses  in  Students'  Out-Door  Ob- 
stetric Practice. 

Winn,  Thomas  Elisha,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  May  21,  1839,  in 
('larke  county,  Ga.  He  was  elected  solicitor 
of  the  county  court  of  Milton  county.  Ga. 
He  entered  the  confederate  army  as  first 
lieutenant  in  1861 :  and  became  lieutenant- 
colonel,  serving  with  Lee's  army  until  the 
surrender.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  representa- 
tive to  the  fifty-second  congress. 

Winne,  Scott  E.,  financier,  lawyer,  was 
born  June  29.  1863.  in  Haskinviile,  N.Y. 
For  ten  years  he  was  siiecial  agent  and  ad- 
juster of  the  German  insurance  company  of 
Freejiort.  III.;  has  been  financial  correspond- 
ent of  the  Union  central  life  insurance  com- 
pany of  Cincinnati.  Ohio ;  and  since  1890 
lias  been  presitlent  of  the  Winne  mortgage 
trust  company  of  Wichita.  Kan.,  where  he 
has  also  Mil  extensive  law   iiractice. 

Winner,  Septimus,  educator,  composer, 
author,  was  liorn  May  11.  1827.  in  Philadel- 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


pliia,  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  gram- 
mar and  high  schools 
of  his  native  city.  He 
composed  several  bal- 
lads published  under 
the  pen  name  of  Alice 
Hawthorne.  He 
composed  the  songs 
Listen  to  the  Mocking 
Bird;  What  Is  Home 
Without  Mother ; 
Whispering  Hope  ; 
and  many  others.  For 
fifty  years  he  was  a 
member  and  manager 
of  the  Musical  fund  society  of  Philadel- 
phia. Pa. :  and  was  prominent  in  educa- 
tional and  musical  affairs.  He  was  a  musi- 
cian of  note ;  and  published  rudimentary  in- 
struction books,  guides  and  primers  for  all 
musical  instruments.  He  died  Nov.  23.  1902. 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Winser,  Henry  Jacob,  journalist,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1833,  in  Bavaria. 
He  was  a  journalist  of  New  York  City:  and 
subsequently  of  Newark,  N.J.  In  1869-81 
he  was  United  States  consul  at  Sonneburg, 
Germany.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Great 
Northwest  :  The  Yellowstone  National  Park  ; 
and  The  Seat  of  a  Thousand  Industries,  a 
description  of  Newark.  He  died  Aug.  23, 
1896,  in  Newark,  N.J. 

Winship,  Albert  Edward,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, autlior.  was  born  Feb.  24,  1845,  in 
West   Bridgewater,   Mass.      He   is   editor  of 

the  Journal  of  Educa- 
tion of  Boston.  Mass. 
He  was  the  first  pres- 
ident of  the  Educa- 
tional press  associa- 
tion of  America  :  was 
president  of  the  New 
England  press  associ- 
ation in  1897 ;  the 
same  year  was  also 
president  of  the  Amer- 
ican institute  of  in- 
struction, the  oldest 
educational  association 
of  America  :  president  of  the  Republican  edi- 
torial association  :  and  president  of  the  Mass- 
achusetts state  board  of  education.  He  has 
served  on  the  Massachusetts  republican  state 
committee,  and  on  the  executive  committee; 
!ind  was  a  delegate  from  Massachusetts  to 
the  national  republican  convention  of  1896. 
He  is  well  known  as  a  lecturer  and  as  a 
public  speaker  on  educational,  political  and 
philanchro])ic  subjects;  and  is  the  author 
of  Life  of  Horace  Mann  ;  Methods  and  Prin- 
cil)les  in  Bible  Study;  The  Shop;  Waifs; 
Our  Industries;  Educational  Leaders;  and 
other  works. 

Winslow,  Arthur,  niininp:  enjjineer,  <reol- 
ogist.  was  born  Aug.  .5.  1860.  in  Salem,  S.C. 
In  1881  he  became  assistant  in  the  state  ge- 
ological survey  of  Pennsylvania  in  special 
surveys  of  the  anthracite  coal  fields.  In 
1887-89   lie  was  in  charge  of  the  coal  fields 


of  Arkansas ;  and  in  1889-1894  was  state  ge- 
ologist of  Missouri.  He  is  president  of  the 
Liberty  Bell  gold  mining  company ;  and 
liresident  of  the  United  States  and  British 
Columbia  mining  company. 

Winship,  George  Parker,  librarian,  au- 
thor, was  Ijorn  in  1871  in  Bridgewater,  Mass. 
He  is  the  librarian  of  the  John  Carter  Brown 
library  of  I'rovidcnce,  R.I.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Coronado  Expedition ;  Goeff rey 
Chaucer;  Cabot  Bibliography;  and  Early 
Mexican   Printers. 

Winslow,  Benjamin  Davis,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  Feb.  13,  1815,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  was  ordained  deacon  in  1838  ;  and 
priest  in  1839.  His  Sermons  and  Poetical 
Uemaii's  were  edited  by  Bishop  Doane,  who 
prelixed  a  notice  entitled  The  True  Catholic 
Churchman  in  His  Life  and  Death.  He  died 
Xov    21.  1839.  in  Burlington.  N.J. 

Winslow,  Benjamin  Emanuel,  architec- 
tural engineer,  author,  was  born  July  2, 
1867.  in  Chicago,  111.  Since  1891  he  has 
practiced  architectural  engineering  at  Chi- 
cago. 111.  He  is  the  author  of  The  Winslow 
Tables ;  Diagrams  for  Calculating  the 
Strength  of  Wood,  Steel  and  Cast  Iron 
Beams  and  Columns ;  and  The  Winslow 
Sliderule  for  Calculating  the  Strength  of 
Wooden    and    Steel   Beams. 

Winslow,  Bradley,  soldier,  was  born  in 
New  York.  In  1861  he  was  captain  in  the 
thirty-fifth  regiment  New  I'ork  infantry ; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out  in  1865. 

Winslow,  Mrs.  Catherine  Mary,  actress, 
author,  was  born  about  1830  in  England. 
She  is  the  wife  of  Erving  Winslow.  She 
was  a  popular  actress  of  Boston  ;  and  since 
her  retirement  from  the  stage  well  known  as 
a  public  reader.  She  is  the  author  of  Yes- 
terdays with  Actors ;  and  Readings  from  the 
Old     English     Dramatists. 

Winslow,  Mrs.  Celeste  M.  A.,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Nov.  22,  1837,  in  Charlemont,  Mass. 
She  is  the  author  of  a  volume  of  poems; 
and  her  contributions  of  both  prose  and 
verse  have  appeared  in  Scribner's.  Lippin- 
cotfs  and  other  leading  publications. 

Winslow,  Charles  Edward  Amory,  edu- 
cator, bacteriologist,  scientist,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  4.  1877.  in  Boston,  Mass.  Since 
1902  he  has  been  instructor ;  since  1903  has 
been  biologist-in-charge  of  the  Sanitary  re- 
search laboratory  ;  and  since  1905  has  been 
assistant  iirofessor  of  biology  in  the  Massa- 
chusetts institute  of  technology.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  translation  of  Endermann's 
Magda  ;  Elements  of  Water  Bacteriology ; 
and  Elements  of  Industrial  Miscroscopy. 

Winslow,  Charles  Frederick,  ]ihysician, 
diplomat,  author,  was  iiorn  in  1811  in  Nan- 
tucket. Mass.  In  1862  he  was  appointed 
I'nited  States  consul  at  Payta,  Peru,  and 
served  for  several  years.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Cosmography:  The  .Cooling  Globe; 
and   Force  and   Nature.     He  died  in   1877. 

Winslow,   Edward,   colonial  governor,   an- 


HERRIXGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


74S 


thor,  was  born  Oct.  18,  1595,  in  England. 
He  was  a  notable  member  of  the  Plymouth 
colony;  and  in  1633-34.  1636-37  and  1G44-45 
was  governor.  He  was  the  author  of  Good 
Newes  from  New  England ;  Hypocrisy  Un- 
masked ;  New  England's  Salamander ;  and 
The  Glorious  Progress  of  the  Gospel  Among 
the  Indians  of  New  England.  He  died  May 
8,  1655,  at  sea. 

Winslow,  Edward,  governor,  was  born 
in  174G  in  I'lyniouth.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  first  council  of  IMymouth  colony  ;  and 
was  successively  surrogate-general,  judge  of 
the  supreme  court,  and  governor  of  Plymouth 
colony.  He  died  in  1815  in  New  Brunswick, 
Maine. 

Winslow,  Edward  Francis,  soldier,  railroad 
president,  was  hum  Sept.  28.  1837.  in  Au- 
gusta. Maine.  He  was  elected  president  of 
the  St.  Louis  and  San  Francisco  railway 
company  in  1880.  He  was  also  for  several 
years  president  of  the  New  York,  Ontario 
and  Western  railway  company  ;  and  formed 
an  association  for  the  purpose  of  building 
the  West  shore  railway,  which  he  completed 
in  about  three  years. 

Winslow,  George  Frederick,  naval  officer, 
was  bom  May  8.  1842,  in  New  Bedford, 
Mass.  In  1862  he  was  appointed  to  the 
United  States  navy ;  and  was  advanced 
through  various  grades  to  medical  director. 
In  1903  he  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  rear- 
admiral. 

Winslow,  Gordon,  clergyman,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  Sept.  12.  1803.  in  Williston. 
Vt.  He  was  educated  at  Yale ;  and  was 
rector  at  Troy,  Annapolis,  and  Staten 
Island.  N.Y.  During  the  civil  war  he  be- 
came chaplain  of  the  famous  Durj-ea  Zouves 
of  which  his  son  Cleveland  was  captain  and 
subsequently  colonel.  He  was  largely  in- 
strumental in  forming  the  United  States 
sanitary  commission  ;  and  he  became  its  chief 
inspector  for  the  army  of  the  Potomac. 
While  bringing  his  mortally  wounded  son 
Cleveland  Winslow  to  Alexander  he  was 
drowned  June  7.   1864.   in   the  I'otoniac. 

Winslow,  Helen  Maria,  journalist,  author, 
poet,  was  born  April  13.  1851.  in  Wcstfield, 
Vt.  She  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
New  England  woman's  press  association  ;  and 
has  l)ecii  its  treasurer  since  its  foumlation. 
She  has  done  journalistic  work  on  many  of 
the  leading  Boston  publications;  and  is 
editor  and  publisher  of  The  Club  Woman. 
She  is  the  aiitltor  of  The  Sliawslieen  Mills; 
Jack ;  A  Bolu'mian  Cbaiiter;  Salome  Shep- 
ard :  The  President  of  Qiiex ;  and  other 
novels.  She  collaborated  with  Francis  Wil- 
iard  in  her  last  book;  and  is  also  author  of 
poems  and  niaL'a/.ine  stories. 

Winslow,  Homer,  jiainter.  artist,  was  born 
Feb.  24.  1836.  in  Boston.  Mass.  His  Pris- 
oners to  the  Front,  exhibited  in  the  Paris 
exposition,  was  oiie  of  tlie  few  American 
pictures  which  French  artists  would  recog- 
nize;  and   it    made  bis   name   famous. 

Winslow,  Horace  Spencer,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was    born    July    18,    1837,    in    Pit'tsford,    Vt. 


He    received 


district 
circuit 


his  education  in  the  common 
schools  and  academies 
of  Vermont ;  and 
graduated  from  the 
state  and  national 
law  school  of  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.Y..  and  the 
Ohio  state  and  union 
law  school  of  Poland, 
Ohio.  He  attained 
success  as  one  of  the 
foremost  lawyers  of 
Iowa  at  Newton.  He 
served  as  district  at- 
torney of  the  sixth 
was  judge   of   the   second 


Iowa 


of 

of  the  sixth  district  of  Iowa,  and 
judge  of  the  same  district.  He  was  appoint- 
ed code  commissioner  by  the  supreme  court, 
under  act  of  the  twenty-fifth  general  assem- 
bly of  the  Iowa  state  legislature.  He  died 
Dec.  11.  1899.  in  Newton,  Iowa. 

Winslow,  Hubbard,  clergyman,  autiior, 
was  born  Oct.  30,  1799,  in  Williston,  Vt. 
In  1844-53  he  conducted  the  Mount  Vernon 
institute  of  Boston,  INIass. ;  and  also  held  sev- 
eral pastorates  in  that  city.  He  was  the 
author  of  Hidden  Life;  Moral  Philosophy; 
Doctrine  of  the  Trinity;  Controversial  The- 
ology :  Christian  Doctrines ;  Y'oung  Man's 
Aid  to  Knowledge,  a  very  popular  work;  and 
Intellectual  Philosophy.  He  died  Aug.  13, 
1864.  in  Williston.  Vt. 

Winslow,  Isaac  Oscar,  educator,  author, 
was  born  .Jan.  30,  1856,  in  Fairfield,  Maine. 
He  was  educated  at  the  Friend's  school  of 
Providence,  R.I. ;  and  graduated  in  1878 
and  1880  with  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M. 
from  Brown  university.  In  1878  he  became 
l)rincipal  of  the  federal  street  school  of  Prov- 
idence ;  was  instructor  in  the  technical  high 
school  of  Providence ;  and  since  1899  has 
been  jirincipal  of  the  Thayer  street  school 
of  Providence.  R.I.  He  is  the  author  of 
Principles  of  Agriculture ;  The  Natural 
Arithmetic;  and  a  series  of  Geographical 
Readers. 

Winslow,  John,  soldier. 
29.  1753.  in  Boston,  Mass. 
elected  brigadier-general  of 
gade ;  and  in  1809  became  major-general  of 
the  militia.  He  died  Nov.  29,  1819,  in  Bos- 
ton.   Mass. 

Winslow,  John,  soldier,  was  born  May  27, 
1702.  in  Marshfield,  Mass.;  and  he  was  a 
descendant  of  Governor  Winslow  of  Pilgrim 
fame.  He  was  founder  of  the  town  of  Win- 
slow,  in  Maine;  and  i)rincipal  actor  in  the 
expulsion  of  the  Acadians  from  their  homes 
in  1755.  He  died  April  17,  1774,  in  Hing- 
hani.  Mass. 

Winslow,  John  Ancrum,  naval  offieer,  was 
born  Nov.  19.  1811.  in  Wilmington.  N.C.  He 
was  commander  of  the  Kearsage.  which  on 
June  19.  1864.  encoiuitered  and  sunk  the 
confederate  cruiser  Alabama  ofT  the  coast 
of  France.  Ho  was  promoted  to  rear-admiral 
in  1870.  He  died  Sept.  29,  1873,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 


was  born  Oct. 
In  1799  he  was 
the   Boston  bri- 


744 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Winslow,  John  Bradley,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Oct.  4,  1851,  in  Livingston  coun- 
ty,   N.Y.      In   1871    he   graduated   from    the 

Racine  college  of  Wis- 
consin,   and    in    1875. 
graduated     from     the 
law  department  of  the 
univei'sity   of    Wiscon- 
sin.      In     1883-91     he 
was    circuit    judge    of 
the    first    jndicial    cir- 
cuit of  Wisconsin.     In 
1891-1906    he    was   as- 
sociate  justice   of    the 
supreme  court  of  Wis- 
consin ;    and    in    1907 
"^        became    cliief    justice. 
In  1889  he  was  appointed  special  lecturer  on 
criminal  practice  in  the  college  of  law  of  the 
university  of  Wisconsin. 

Winslow,  John  Flack,  manufacturer,  rail-, 
road  president,  was  born  Nov.  5,  1810,  in 
Bennington,  Vt.  In  1833  he  engaged  in  the 
production  of  pig-iron  in  Bergen  and  Sus- 
sex counties,  N.J. ;  and  in  1837  he  formed  a 
connection  with  Erastus  Corning  of  Albany  ; 
whicli  Insted  under  various  firm  names  for 
thirty  years.  Tbe  United  States  govern- 
ment contracted  with  his  firm  for  the  con- 
struction of  tlie  Monitor.  He  was  president 
of  the  I'oughkeepsie  and  Eastern  railway ; 
and  of  the  company  for  constructing  the 
I'ouglikeepsie  bridge  over  Hudson  river.  He 
died  INIarch  10.  1892,  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.Y. 
Winslow,  Josiah,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  in  1629  in  Plymoutli,  Mass.  Two  years 
after  his  father's  death  lie  was  made  assist- 
ant governor  of  Massachusetts.  In  1073-80 
he  was  governor  of  Plymouth  colony.  lie 
diod  !)('<■.  18.  1680.  in  Marshfield,  Mass. 

Winslow,  Kate  Reignolds,  actress,  author, 
was  born  in  1814  in  England.  She  has  at- 
tained national  reputation  as  a  noted  actress. 
Slie  is  tlie  author  of  a  work  entitled  Yester- 
days Willi  Actors. 

Winslow,  Miron,  missionary,  author,  was 
born  De<'.  11,  1789,  in  Wilfiston,  Vt.  In 
1819  he  sailed  for  Teyloii  :  and  in  1836 
he  founded  the  mission  at  Madras,  where  he 
spent  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  was  the 
author  of  Hints  on  Missions  to  India  ; 
Sketch  of  tbe  Missions;  and  Comprehensive 
Tamil  and  English  Dictionary.  He  died  Oct. 
22.  1864,  at  Cape  of  Cood  Hope,  South 
Africa. 

Winslow,  Robert  Emmet,  soldier,  was 
liorn  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1802  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  sixty-eighth  regiment  Pennsyl- 
vania infantry ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died  in 
Pennsylvania. 

Winslow,  Samuel  E.,  congressman,  was 
born  April  11.  1862.  In  1913-15  he  was  a 
representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
sixty-third    congress. 

Winslow,  Stephen  Noyes,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  14,  1820.  in  Hartland. 
Vt.  He  has  been  for  forty-seven  years  com- 
mercial  editor   of   the   Inquirer   of   Philadel- 


phia ;  editor  of  the  Bulletin  for  thirty-five 
years ;  and  has  long  been  the  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  Commercial  List  and  Price 
Current.  He  is  the  author  of  Biographies  of 
Successful   Philadelphia  Merchants. 

Winslow,  Warren,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  Jan.  1, 
1810.  in  Fayetteville,  N.C.  In  1854  he  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate  of  North  Carolina, 
and  was  speaker.  While  in  that  position 
Governor  Reid  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  senate,  and  the  duties  of  governor  de- 
volved upon  him.  In  1855-61  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  thirty-fourth,  thirty-fifth 
and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  He  died  June 
11.  1862.  in  Fa.yetteville,  N.C. 

Winslow,  William  Copley,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  13,  1840,  in  Boston, 
Mass.     In  1802  he  graduated  from  Hamilton 

college,  and  three 
years  later  from  the 
Protestant  episcopal 
general  theological 
seminary  of  New  York 
City.  He  has  since 
been  engaged  in 
preaching.  lecturing, 
and  writing  for  the 
press ;  was  assistant 
editor  of  the  New 
rf>  m    York    World    in    1862- 

f   <i  M     63    and   of   the    Chris- 

tian Union  in  1864. 
Since  1878  he  has  resided  in  Boston,  and 
through  his  efforts  the  Boston  Museum  of 
fine  arts  received  a  colossal  statue  of  Rame- 
ses  II.  He  is  the  vice-president  for  the 
United  States  of  the  Egypt  exploration 
fund  ;  is  its  honorary  secretary ;  and  is  re- 
garded as  an  authority  on  biblical  and  par- 
ticularly Egyptological  cxi)lorations.  He  is 
the  author  of  Israel  in  Egypt;  The  Store 
City  of  Pithom;  A  Greek  City  in  Egypt; 
and  The  Pilgrim  Fathers  in  Holland. 

Winsor,  Justin,  librarian,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  2.  1831,  in  Boston,  Mass.;  was 
li]>rarian  of  Harvard  university;  and  edited 
The  INIemorial  History  of  Boston  ;  and  Nar- 
rative and  Critical  History  of  America.  He 
was  the  author  of  Reader's  Handbook  of  the 
American  Revolution ;  Cartior  to  Fronte- 
nac ;  Geographical  Discovery  in  the  Inte- 
rior of  North  America  in  Its  Historical  Rela- 
tions. 1534-1700:  Christopher  Columbus; 
The  Mississippi  Basin  ;  the  Struggle  in  Amer- 
ica between  England  and  France ;  Was 
Shakespeare  Shapleigh?;  and  History  of 
Dnxbnry.  He  died  Oct.  22.  1897,  in  Cam- 
bridge. Mass. 

Winston,  Annie  Steger,  litterateur,  au- 
thor. Since  1895  she  has  been  a  contributor 
to  the  Century  magazine.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  ISlemoirs  of  a    Child. 

Winston,  Charles  Henry,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  was  born  Aug.  21.  1831,  in 
Richmond.  Va.  In  18:19-63  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Richmond  female  institute;  and 
since  1873  has  been  professor  of  physics 
and  astronomy  in  that  institution. 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


745 


Winston,  Frederick  Hampden,  lawyer,  dip- 
lomat, was  born  Nov.  20,  1830,  in  Sand 
Hill,  Ga.  In  1853-85  he  practiced  law  in 
Chicago,  HI.;  and  in  1885-86  was  United 
States  minister  to  Persia.  For  twelve  years 
l:e  was  president  of  the  Lincoln  Park  com- 
missioners; and  in  1888  was  president  of 
the  union  stock  yards  company.  He  died 
in    l!t04,  in  Chicago,  111. 

Winston,  Frederick  Seymour,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, was  born  Oct.  27,  1856,  in  Franklin 
county,  Kj'.  In  1878  he  was  admitted  to 
<he  practice  of  law;  and  in  1884-86  was 
corporation  counsel  of  Chicago,  111.  Since 
1886  lie  lias  been  engaged  in  the  private 
practice  of  law;  principally  in  connection 
with    large   corporations. 

Winston,  George  Taylor,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Oct.  12,  1852,  in  Wind- 
sor, N.C.  He  was  a  professor  at  Cornell 
university.  In  1891-96  he  was  president 
of  the  university  of  North  Carolina;  in 
1896-99  was  president  of  the  university  of 
Texas;  and  since  1899  he  has  been  president 
of  the  North  Carolina  college  of  agricul- 
tural, and   moclianical   arts. 

Winston,  John  Anthony,  legislator,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  Sept.  4,  1812  in  Madison, 
Ala.  In  1840  and  1842  he  was  elected  to  the 
lower  branch  of  the  Alabama  legisiatuit-; 
and  in  1845  he  was  elected  to  the  state  sen- 
ate, of  which  he  was  president  for  several 
years.  He  was  the  thirteenth  governor  of 
Alabama,  in  1853-57.  He  died  Dec.  21, 
1871.  in  Mobile,  Ala. 

Winston,  Joseph,  soldier,  congressman, 
was  born  June  17.  1746,  in  Louisa  county, 
Va.  In  1766  he  moved  to  North  Carolina; 
find  took  an  active  part  in  the  revolution. 
He  commanded  the  right  wing  of  the  Amer- 
ican troops  in  the  battle  of  King's  Moun- 
tain; and  for  his  bravery  had  a  sword 
voted  to  him  by  the  legislature.  In  1793- 
95  and  1803-07  he  was  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  tlie  tliird,  eightii 
and  ninth  congresses.  He  died  April  21, 
1815.   in  North  Carolina. 

Wint,  Theodore  Jonathan,  soldier,  Avas 
bniii  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  a 
]irivate  corporal  and  sergeant  in  tlie  sixth 
regiment  Pennsylvania  cavalry;  in  1866  be- 
came first  lieutenant:  in  1872  was  captain; 
in  1892  major;  in  190]  colonel;  and  in  1902 
attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  He 
died    March    21.    1907,    in    Philadelphia,   Pa. 

Winter,  Mrs.  Alice  Ames,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  25,  1865,  in  Albanv. 
N.Y.  She  is  the  wife  of  Thomas  (^^raid 
Winter  of  Minneapolis,  ^finn.  She  is  thi> 
author  of  The  Prize  to  the  Hardy;  and 
Jewel-Weed. 

Winter,  lilisha  J.,  congressman.  In  181.T- 
15  he  was  ;i  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  thirteenth  congress.  He  die<l  in 
New  York. 

Winter,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Campbell,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  Dec.  19.  1841.  in 
Scotland.  She  is  the  author  of  The  Span- 
ish   Treasure;    The    Curse    of    Dangerfield; 


Hawthorne  Lodge;  and  The  Mistress  of  the 
Grange. 

Winter,  Lorenzo  Edward,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, missionary,  college  president,  Avas 
born  Oct.  27,  1855,  in  Winesburg,  Ohio. 
He  was  superintendent  of  public  schools  in 
Ohio;  and  president  of  Ashland  college.  He 
is  a  clergyman  of  the  methodist  episcopal 
cluirch;  iias  been  a  missionary  to  India. 
He  now  fills  a  pastorate  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Winter,  William,  litterateur,  dramatic 
critic,  autl'.or,  poet,  was  born  July  15,  1836. 
in  Gloucester,  Mass.  He  is  a  pi-ominent 
writer  and  since  1865  dramatic  review  and 
editorial  writer  for  the  New  York  Tribune. 
He  is  president  of  the  trustees  of  Staten 
Island  academy,  in  which  he  and  his  wife, 
Elizabeth  Campbell  Winter,  founded  the 
Arthur  ^Vinter  memorial  library  in  1886. 
He  is  the  author  of  Poems;  The  Trip  to 
England;  The  Jeffersons;  English  Ram- 
bles; Shakespeare's  England;  Gray  Days 
and  Gold;  Old  Shrines  and  Ivy;  Shadows 
of  the  Stage;  My  Witness,  a  Book  of 
Verse ;  Wanderers,  a  collection  of  poems ; 
Thistle  Down,  a  Book  of  Lyrics;  The 
Queen's  Domain,  and  Other  Poems;  The 
Convent,  and  Other  Poems;  Brown  Heath 
and  Blue  Bells;  George  William  Curtis:  a 
Eulogy;    and    other    works. 

Winterburn,  Mrs.  Florence  Hull,  editor, 
f'utlior,  was  born  June  8,  1858,  in  Chicago, 
111.  She  devoted  twelve  years  to  the  study 
of  Herbert  Spencer's  synthetic  philosophy. 
In  1895  she  was  assistant  editor  of  Home 
and  Country;  and  for  the  past  eight  j^ears 
lias  been  a  special  contributor  to  the  Wo- 
man's Home  Companion.  She  is  the  author 
of  Nurserv  Ethics;  Southern  Hearts;  and 
The    Children's    Health. 

Winterburn,  George  William,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1845, 
in  New  Y^ork  City.  For  many  years  he 
edited  various  publications;  and  in  1889-93 
was  editor  of  the  Homopathic  Journal  of 
Obstetrics  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the 
author  of  American  Vegetable  Remedies; 
The  Value  of  Vaccination;  and  A  Pocket 
Repertory. 

Wintermute,  Martha,  author,  poet,  was 
born  Sept.  6,  1843,  in  Delaware  county, 
Ohio.  She  is  the  author  of  a  work  entitled 
Eleven  Women  and  Thirteen  Men.  a  story 
in  prose;  which  also  contains  a  collection 
of  her  finest  poems. 

Winters,  Joseph  Edcil,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  11,  1850,  in  Minnisiidc,  N.\'. 
He  is  the  author  of  Is  0])eration  of  Trache- 
otomy in  Diphtheric  Cnmp  Dangerous?; 
When  Should  the  0|)eration  T3e  Performed?; 
Diplitheria  and  Its  Management;  Are  IMem- 
branous  Croup  and  Diphtheria  Distinct  Dis- 
eases?;   and   other   works. 

Winters,  Peter  Charles,  educator,  clergy- 
man, founder,  was  born  March  31,  1863,  in 
Friendsville,  Pa.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Bingham^on  high  school  at  Niagara  univer- 
sity, and  at  the  St.  Mary's  seminary  of 
Baltimore,    Md.      Early    in    life   he    clerked 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


in  his  father's  country  store;  and  for  sev- 
eral years  taught  school.  Since  1889  he 
has  been  a  clergyman  of  tlie  Roman  cath- 
olic church;  served  two  years  as  assistant 
at  St.  Peter's  cathedral  of  Scranton,  Pa.; 
and  for  eight  years  at  St.  Vincent's  church 
of  Plymouth,  Pa.  Since  1899  he  has  been 
rector  of  St.  Philomena's  church  of  Haw- 
ley,  Pa.  Dining  liis  pastorate  in  Hawley 
he  h?,s  built  and  paid  for  a  brick  and  stone 
church  at  a  cost  of  thirty  thousand  dol- 
lars. 

Winthrop,  Beekman,  lawyer,  federal  offi- 
cial, military  governor,  was  born  Sept.  18, 
1874,  in  Orange,  X.J.  He  was  educated  in 
the  Cutler  school  of  New  York;  and  at 
Harvard  university.  In  1899  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law;  and  in  1900 
was  private  secretary  to  Governor  Taft. 
In  1901-02  was  assistant  executive  secre- 
tary; and  in  1902-03  was  acting  executive 
secretary;  and  in  1903-04  was  judge  of  the 
court  of  tlie  first  instance  of  the  Philippine 
Islands.  In  1904-07  he  was  governor  of 
Porto  Rico;  in  1907  was  appointed  assistant 
secretary  of  the  United  States  treasury; 
and  since  1909  has  been  assistant  secretary 
of  tlie   navy. 

Winthrop,  Frederick,  .soldier,  was  born 
Aug.  3,  1839,  in  New  York  City.  He  was 
commissioned  a  captain  in  the  twelfth 
United  States  infantry;  and  received  tlie 
brevet'  of  brigadier-gt-neral  of  volunteers  in 
18G4.  After  his  death  the  brevet  of  major- 
general  of  volunteers  was  conferred  on  him. 
He  died  April  1.  1805,  near  Five  Forks,  Va. 

Winthrop,  John,  colonial  governor,  author, 
was  born  -Ian.  22.  1588,  in  England.  In 
1030-34.  1037-40  and  1042-49  he  was  colonial 

governor 
chusetts ; 
was    not 


tinuouslv 
his    strong 
upon      the 
tliat    true 
iiuires  wise 
autiioritv. 


of     Massa- 
and  that  he 
chosen    con- 
was  due  to 
insistence 
yninciple 
liberty    re- 
and  secure 
A  portrait 


of  him,  ascribed  to 
^'andyke,  is  in  the 
senate  chamber  of 
^Massachusetts.  He 
wias  the  author  of 
Arbitrary  Government  Described;  and  His- 
tory of  "New  England  from  1030  to  1049. 
He  (lied  :\lnrcli  2().  1()49.  in  Poston.  Mass. 
Winthrop,  John,  educator,  author,  was 
boni  Dec.  19.  1714,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  a  professor  of  mathematics  and  natural 
|ihilosopliy  at  Harvard  uiiiv(>rsity  in  1738- 
79;  and  was  the  foremost  teacher  of  sci- 
ence ill  America  in  his  century.  He  was 
the  author  of  Lectures  on  Earthquakes; 
Account  of  Some  Fiery  Meteors;  and  Lec- 
tures on  the  Parallax.  Tie  died  l\Iay  3,  1779, 
ill    ( 'aiiibridge.    ^Inss. 

Winthrop,  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  in  1752.  in  Cambridge,  Mass.  He 
was    librarian    of    Harvard    in    1772-87;    for 


several  years  a,  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas;  and  long  register  of  probate. 
He  bequeathed  his  valuable  library  to  Alle- 
ghany college  of  Meadville,  Pa.  He  w'as 
the  author  of  Attempt  to  Translate  the 
Prophetic  Part  of  the  Apocalypse  of  St. 
John  into  Familiar  Language;  and  other 
works.  He  died  Sept.  26,  1821,  in  Cam- 
bridge. ]\Iass. 

Winthrop,  Laura,  author,  poet,  was  born 
Sept.  13,  1825,  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  She 
is  the  author  of  Little  Blossom's  Reward, 
a  book  for  children,  published  under  the 
pen-name  of  Emily  Hare;  Poems  of  Twenty 
Y^ears;  and  Longfellow  Prose  Birtlidav 
Book. 

Winthrop,  Robert  Charles,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman.  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  May  12,  1809,  in  Boston, 
]\lass.  He  entered  the  legislature  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  1835.  In  183S)-51  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  twenty-sixth,  twenty- 
seventh,  twenty-eighth,  twenty-ninth,  thir- 
tieth and  thirty-first  congresses;  and  in 
1847-49  he  was  speaker  of  the  house  to  the 
thirtieth  congress.  In  1849-51  he  was  Unit- 
ed States  senator  to  fill  a  vacancy.  He  was 
the  author  of  Addresses  and  Speeches;  a 
Life  of  Governor  John  Winthrop;  and  Me- 
moirs of  Henry  Clay,  Washington,  Bowdoin, 
and  Franklin."  He"  died  Nov.  10,  1894,  in 
Boston,  Mass. 

Winthrop,  Theodore,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  22.  1828,  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 
He  eiiter>'d  the  federal  army  at  the  out- 
break of  the  civil  war;  and  was  killed  at  the 
battle  of  Big  Bethel.  He  was  the  author 
of  .Tohn  Brent;  Cecil  Dreeme;  Edwin  Broth- 
ertoft;  and  i  he  Canoe  and  the  Saddle.  He 
died  June   10.   1861,  near  Great  Bethel.  Va. 

Winthrop,  Thomas  Lindall,  merchant, 
state  senator,  lieutenant-governor,  was  born 
^larch  0,  1700.  in  New  London,  Conn.  He 
was  successively  a  Massachusetts  state  sen- 
ator; lieutenant-governor  in  1820-32;  and  a 
presidential  elector.  He  died  Feb.  22,  1841, 
in    Boston   ^lass. 

Winthrop,  William  Woolsey,  soldier,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  3,  1831.  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  He  was  a  United  States  army  offi- 
cer and  is  now  professor  of  law  at  West 
Point.  He  is  tlie  author  of  Treatise  on 
^Military  Law;  and  Digest  of  Opinions  of 
the  Judge  Advocate-General  of  the  Arnij\ 
He    died    in    1899. 

Winthrop,  Wait  Still,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
bom  Feb.  27,  1043,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  early  in  the  military  service  of  Con- 
necticut; and  took  part  in  Indian  Avars; 
He  was  for  about  thirty  years  a  member 
oi  the  executive  council  of  Massachusetts; 
and  major-general  of  the  provincial  forces. 
He  was  judge  of  admiralty,  judge  of  the  su- 
perior court,  and  chief  justice.  He  died 
Nov.   7.   1717,  in   Boston,  Mass. 

Winton,  Andrew  Lincoln,  cliemist.  author, 
was  born  Jan.  20,  1804,  in  Westport,  Conn. 
He  was  chemist  of  the  Conecticut  agricul- 
tural experiment  station;   and  is  now  chief 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


747 


Chicago  food  ami  (Inig  laboratory  of  the 
United  States  departinent  of  agric\ilture. 
Ho  is  the  author  of  :Microseopy  of  Vegetable 
Foods;  and  papers  on  chemical  analysis 
adulteration  of  foods,  dairy  chemistry,  and 
composition    of    aoricultural    products. 

Winton,  George  Beverly,  educator,  clergy- 
man, journalist,  author,  was  born  Jan.  12, 
1861,  in  Springfield,  Mo.  In  1881  he  re- 
ceived tlio  degree  of  M.A.  from  tlie  Morris- 
ville  college  of  :Missouri ;  took  post  grad- 
uate studies  in  the  Vanderbilt  university; 
and  received  the  degree  of  D.l).  from  the 
Southwestern  university  and  from  Ran- 
dolph-Macoii  college.  In  1883  he  was  or- 
dained to  the  min.istry  of  the  methodist 
episcopal  church;  in  1883-84  was  engaged 
in  ministerial  work  in  Missouri;  and  in 
1884  was  a  minister  of  Mexico  City,  ]Mex- 
ico.  In  1885-87  he  was  professor  of  Latin 
in  Santa  Rosa,  Cal.;  and  in  1887  was  pastor 
of  a  church  in  Sacramento,  Cal.  In  1888- 
1!K12  he  was  a  missionary  in  ^Mexico.  Since 
UHVl  he  has  been  editor-in-chief  of  the  Chris- 
lian  Advocate.  He  is  the  author  of  A 
New  l']ra  in  Old  Mexico:  and  other  Avorks. 

Wire,  G.  E.,  professional  librarian,  was 
born  Feb.  6,  18.")0,  in  Dryden,  N.Y.  He  is 
a  professional  librarian;  and  has  been  em- 
ployed by  the  Northwestern  university  li- 
brary of  Evanston.  111.;  Columbia  library 
of  New  York  City;  the  Newberry  library  of 
Chicago,  III;  and  since  1898  has  been  li- 
brarian of  the  Worcester  county  law  library 
of  Worcester.  Mass. 

Wirt,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Washington,  author, 
was  born  -Ian.  30,  1784,  in  Richmond,  Va. 
Slie  was  the  author  of  Flora's  Dictionary. 
She  died  .Ian.  24,  18.')7.  in  Annapolis,  ]\Id. 

Wirt,  William,  lawyer,  cabinet  ollicer.  au- 
flior,    was    born    Nov.    8,    1772,    in    Bladens- 
lurg,  Md.     In  1802  he  was  appointed  chan- 
',  cellor    of    the    eastern 

^HHHH|^^^^H|     district    of     Virginia; 
^^^^■■^^^1     and 
^^■F^^^H    Norfolk.      1)1  he 

^^^B  y^^  ^^H  the 

^^V  "w'^flH  States  for  the  district 

^^^B  ^^1  Virginia: 

^^ip  "IC^B  1817-20  he  was  attor- 

^^■*^  ^  ■^cf^m  the 

^K  WJM  rii  i  te<l  States.     He 

^^1^^      ^^^^^1     Md.:  en- 

gaged in  literary  ]mr- 
siiits.  lie  was  tiie  autlun-  of  'I'he  IJritish 
Spy;  Tlie  Old  IJachelor:  an.l  Life  of  I'atrirk 
Ile'nrv.     Ele  died  Feb.  18,  1834,  in  Washing- 

(cpll,     I),C. 

Wise,  Barton  Haxall,  lawyer,  author,  was 
l)orn  in  1865  in  \'ir^inia.  lie  was  tiie  au- 
thor of  Life  of  Ilctiry  .\.  Wise  of  Virjiinia. 
lie  died   in  1899  in  Richmond.   Vn. 

Wise,  Daniel,  clergynum.  author,  was 
born  .Ian.  10,  1813.  in"  Enuland.  He  is  a 
methodist  cleriiynian  and  reliiiioiis  editor  of 
Boston.        lie     was     the     anthor     of      I'er- 


sonal  Effort;  Heroic  Methodists;  Boy 
Travelers  in  Arabia  ;  Some  Remarkable 
Women ;  My  Uncle  Toby's  Library ;  Un- 
crowned Kings  ;  Summer  Days  on  the  Hud- 
son ;  and  Men  of  Renown.  He  died  Dec. 
19,  1898,  in  Elizabeth,  N.J. 

Wirt,  William  iidgar,  naval  officer,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Dec.  19,  1862,  in  Mendota, 
111.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his  edu- 
cation in  the  high 
school  of  Wadsworth, 
Ohio;  attended  the 
United  States  naval 
academy  of  Annap- 
olis. Md.;  the  College 
of  physicians  and  sur- 
geons of  New  York 
City;  and  the  medical 
department  of  the 
university  of  Woos- 
ter.  During  1880-80 
he  was  a  midshipman 
in  the  United  States 
navy;  and  in  1889-90  was  house  surgeon  in 
the  hospital  for  ruptured  and  crippled  in 
New  Y'ork  City.  Since  1891  he  has  been 
professor  of  orthopedic  surgery  in  the 
Cleveland  college  ot  physicians  and  sur- 
geons; since  1894  has  been  orthopedic  sur- 
geon in  the  Cleveland  general  hospital;  and 
in  189.1  was  presideut  of  Cleveland  medical 
society.  During  the  Spanish-American  war 
he  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Ignited 
States  navy. 

Wise,  George  Douglas,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  l)oru  June  4,  1831,  in 
Accomac  county,  Va.  He  served  in  the  con- 
federate army  as  a  captain  during  the  civil 
war:  and  was  commonwealth  attorney  of 
Richmond  in  1870-80.  In  1881-89  and  1891- 
95  he  was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to 
the  forty-seventh,  forty-eighth,  forty-ninth, 
fiftieth,  fifty-second  and  fifty-third  congresses 
as  a  democrat.  He  died  Feb.  3,  1908,  in 
Richmond,   Va. 

Wise,  Henry  Alexander,  soldier,  lawyer, 
( oiLuressnian.  governor,  author,  was  born 
Dec.  3.  1806,  in  Drnnmiondtown,  Va.  In 
1833-45  he  was  a  representative  in  the  twen- 
ty-third to  tlie  tw(>nty-eighth  congresses; 
and  took  the  mission  to  Brazil,  which  post 
he  occupied  until  1847.  In  1856  he  was  the 
twenty-seventh  governor  of  Virginia.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war  as  a  brigadier-general 
in  the  confederate  service;  and  was  general 
in  command  at  the  battle  of  Roanoke  Island 
in  1862.  He  was  the  anthor  of  Seven  De- 
cades of  the  Union  ;  and  Memoir  of  John 
Tyler,  lie  died  Sept.  12.  1876.  in  Richmond. 
Va. 

Wise,  Henry  Augustus,  naval  ollicer.  au- 
thor, was  born  .May  12.  1819.  in  Brooklyn, 
X.V.  He  was  the  author  of  Story  of  the 
Cray  .Vfrican  I'arrot  :  ('ai)lain  Brand:  Los 
(Jriniios:  Talcs  for  the  Marines;  and  Seam- 
pavias.  from  (Jibel  Tarak  to  Stamboul.  He 
died   Ai.ril  2.  1869.  in  Naples,  Italy. 

Wise,  Isaac  Mayer,  rabbi,  author,  was 
l)orn    .\iu-il    3,    1819,    in    Bohemia.      He    was 


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HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Jewish    rabbi    of    Ciucinnati    in    1854-1900 ; 

and  is  president  of 
Hebrew  union  college 
in  1875-1900,  which 
college  he  founded.  He 
is  the  author  of  His- 
tory of  the  Israelitish 
Nation ;  Essence  of 
Judaism  ;  J  u  d  aism  : 
Its  Doctrines  and  Du- 
ties ;  The  Martyrdom 
of  Jesus  of  Nazareth  ; 
The  Cosmic  God ; 
History  of  the  Hebrew 
Second  Co  m  m  o  n  - 
wealth ;  and  Pronaos  to  Holy  Writ.  He 
died  March  26,  1900,  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Wise,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
in  August,  1652,  in  Roxbury,  Mass.  He  was 
a  congregational  clergyman  of  Ipswich  in 
1680-1721.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Church's  Quarrel  Espoused ;  and  Vindica- 
tion of  the  Government  of  New  England 
Churches.  He  died  April  8,  1725,  in  Ipswich, 
Maine. 

Wise,  John,  aeronaut,  author,  was  born 
Feb.  24,  1808,  in  Lancaster,  Pa.  He  was  a 
noted  aeronaut.  He  is  the  author  of  Sys- 
tem of  Aeronautics ;  and  Through  the  Air, 
or  Forty  Years'  Experience  as  an  Aero- 
naut. He  died  Sept.  29,  1879,  on  Lake 
Michigan. 

Wise,  John  Sergeant,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  Dec.  27,  1846,  in 
Brazil.  In  1883-85  he  was  a  representative 
from  Virginia  to  the  forty-eighth  congress. 
He  now  practices  law  in  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Diome;  The  End  of  an 
Era ;  The  Lion's  Skin ;  Recollections  of 
Thirteen    Presidents;    and    Citizenship. 

Wise,  Leo  Henry,  railroad  president,  cap- 
italist, was  born  April  23,  1862,  in  Maryland. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public,  private 
and  collegiate  schools  of  Baltimore,  Md. 
He  was  president  and  director  of  the 
Colonial  assurance  company ;  and  presi- 
dent and  director  of  the  Glenville  land 
company;  vice-president  and  director  of 
the  Rutland  railroad;  and  vice-president 
and  director  of  the  Light  and  power  com- 
pany; but  has  now  retired  from  active 
business.  He  is  a  member  of  the  advisory 
committee  of  the  American  Lloyds  and 
also  the  Great  Western  Lloyds,  under- 
writers; is  a  director  of  Converse  and  com- 
pan}'':  and  one  of  the  firm  of  Wise  broth- 
ers of  New  York  City. 

Wise,  Morgan  R.,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  7,  1830,  in  West 
Bcthlohem,  Pa.  He  was  a  representative  in 
the  Pennsylvania  state  legislature  in  1874- 
78.  In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty- 
seventh  congresses  as  n  democrat. 

Wise,  Peter  Manuel,  physician,  author, 
was  born  March  7,  1851,  in  Clarence,  N.Y. 
In  1896  he  became  president  of  the  New 
York  state  commissk)n  in  lunacy.  He  was 
the     author     of     Text-Book     for     Training 


Schools,  in  two  volumes.  He  died  in  1907 
in  New  York  City. 

Wise,  Richard  Alsop,  soldier,  educator, 
physician,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  2, 
1843,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  served  through 
out  the  civil  war  in  the  confederate  states 
army ;  and  became  assistant  inspector-gen- 
eral of  Wise's  brigade  of  the  army  of  north- 
ern Virginia.  In  1867  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  ;  in  1869  he  was  appointed 
professor  of  chemistry  and  physiology  in  the 
college  of  William  and  Mary ;  and  in  1878 
was  assistant  physician  of  the  Eastern  lun- 
atic asylum  of  Virginia.  He  served  in  the 
Virginia  state  legislature.  In  1898-1900  he 
was  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the 
fifty-fifth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses  as  a  re- 
publican. He  died  Dec.  21,  1900,  in  Nor- 
folk. Va. 

Wise,  Stephen  Samuel,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  March  17,  1872,  in  Hungary.  In 
1900-06  he  filled  a  pastorate  in  Beth  Israel 
of  Portland,  Ore.  In  1907  he  founded  and 
is  rabbi  of  the  Free  synagogue  of  New 
Y'ork.  He  is  the  author  of  Ethics  of  Solo- 
mon Ibn  Gabriol ;  and  other  works. 

Wise,  William  Clinton,  naval  officer,  was 
born  Nov.  8,  1842,  in  Lewisburg,  Va.  In 
1863  he  was  promoted  ensign ;  in  1868  be- 
came commander ;  and  in  1902  attained  the 
rank  of  rear-admiral.  In  1903-04  he  was 
commander-in-chief  of  the  Atlantic  training 
squadron;  and  in  1904  was  retired. 

Wisewell,  Moses  N.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Vermont.  In  1862  he  was  colonel  in  the 
twenty-eighth  regiment  New  Jersey  infan- 
try ;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
seiieral  of  volunteers.  He  died  April  11, 
1888. 

Wishard,  Samuel  Ellisi,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  18,  1825,  in  Johnson  county, 
Ind.  Since  1855  he  has  been  a  clergy- 
man of  the  presbyterian  church  ;  and  since 
1890  has  been  superintendent  of  home  mis- 
sions for  the  synod  of  Utah.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Mormons. 

Wisman,  James  Martin,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1855,  in  Wil- 
liams county,  Ohio.  In  1893  he  was  elected 
president  of  Duquesne  college,  Pittsburg, 
Pa. 

Wisner,  Benjamin  Blydenburg,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Sept.  19.  1794.  in  Goshen, 
N.Y.  In  1821-32  he  was  pastor  of  the  Old 
South  church  of  Boston.  Mass.  He  was  the 
author  of  History  of  the  Old  South  Church; 
and  Moral  Condition  and  Prospects  of  the 
Heathen.  He  died  Feb.  9,  1835,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Wisner,  George  Y.,  civil  engineer,  author, 
was  born  July  11.  1841,  in  West  Dresden, 
N.Y.  In  1865-80  he  was  engaged  in  govern- 
ment surveys  in  the  great  lakes  and  the 
INIisissippi  river.  He  was  the  author  of  Ge- 
odetic Field  Work;  Regulation  of  Lake 
Levels ;  Canals  From  the  Great  Lakes  to 
The  Atlantic ;  and  other  works.  He  died  in 
1906   in   Detroit,   Mich. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


749 


Wisner,  Henry,  jurist,  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1725  in  Goshen,  "X.Y.  In 
1768  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  assistant  . 
justices  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  ;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1759-69.  In  1774-76  he  was  a  delegate  from 
New  York  to  the  continental  congress.  He 
died  in   1790  in  Goshen,  N.Y. 

Wisner,  Moses,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  in  1818  in  Aurelius,  N.Y. 
In  1843  he  was  appointed  prosecuting  attor- 
ney for  Lapeer  county,  Mich.  In  1859-61  he 
was  the  eleventh  governor  of  Michigan.  He 
died  Jan.  5,  1863,  in  Lexington,  Ky. 

Wisner,  William,  clergjman,  author,  was 
born  in  1782  in  Warwick,  N.Y'.  He  was  a 
presbyteriau  clergyman  of  Cedar  Rapids, 
Iowa.  He  was  the  author  of  Incidents  in  the 
Life  of  a  Pastor ;  and  Civil  Liberty.  He  died 
Jan.  7.  1871.  in  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 

Wisner,  William  Carpenter,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  7.  1808,  in  Elmira, 
N.Y'.  He  was  a  presbyteriau  clergyman  at 
Lockport  in  1837-76.  He  was  the  author 
of  Prelacy  and  Parity.  He  died  July  14, 
1880.   in  Lockport.  N.Y. 

Wisser,  John  Philip,  soldier,  journalist, 
military  attache,  author,  was  born  July  19, 
1852.  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1874  he  gradu- 
ated from  West  Point ; 
,  — — _  ,     .^^       ^g^g       graduated 

from  the  United  States 
artillery       school       at 
.Mjg    #  Fort      Monroe;       and 

''       ■  studied    in    the    Royal 

school  of  mines.  In 
1880  he  was  appoint- 
ed second  lieutenant ; 
and  subsequently  at- 
tained the  ranks  of 
first  lieutenant,  cap- 
tain and  major.  In 
1878-82  and  1886-94  he 
was  assistant  professor  of  chemistry,  miner- 
alogy and  geology  in  the  West  Point  military 
academy;  and  in  1882-84  and  in  1895-1900 
was  an  instructor  in  the  United  States  mili- 
tary school.  In  1895-1902  he  was  editor  of 
the  Journal  of  United  States  artillery.  In 
1906  he  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel ; 
and  since  1907  has  been  military  attache  at 
PxTlin.  He  is  the  author  of  Gun  Cotton ; 
Practical  Prol)lems  ;  and  Minor  Tactics  and 
Strategy;  Hy  Land  and  Sea;  Tactics  of 
Coast  I)efen.se ;  Practical  Field  Exercises; 
and  .\  Military  and  Naval  Dictionary. 

Wissler,  Jacques,  engraver,  was  born  in 
1803  in  Germany.  Before  the  civil  war  his 
emph)yer  sctit  iiiin  to  Richmond,  Va. ;  and 
after  the  firing  on  Fort  Snmter  he  was  de- 
tained by  the  Confederate  authorities  and  as- 
signed to  tiic  task  of  engraving  its  paper 
currency  and  bonds.  He  was  also  successful 
in  portrait-i)aiiiting  in  crayons  and  oils.  He 
died  Nov.  25,  1887,  in  Camden,  N.J. 

Wistar,  Richard,  merchant,  was  born  July 
20.  1756.  in  Piiiladelphia.  Pa.  In  1717  he 
established  near  Salem,  N.J.,  what  is  believed 


to  have  been  the  first  glass-factory  in  the 
colonies.  During  the  revolutionary  war  he 
advocated  the  defence  of  his  property  by 
arms,  which  resulted  in  his  being  disowned 
by  the  Society  of  Friends.  He  was  an  in- 
spector of  prisons ;  and  was  one  of  the  early 
friends  and  supporters  of  the  Philadelphia 
library  company  and  the  Pennsylvania  hos- 
pital. He  died  June  6,  1821,  in  Philadelphia, 
I'a. 

Wistar,  Caspar,  physician,  educator,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Sept.  13,  1761,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  In  1792-1818  he  was  adjunct  pro- 
fessor of  anatomy  in 
the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania. His  lectures 
and  demon  strations 
did  much  to  establish 
the  high  character  and 
wide  reputation  of  the 
school.  The  Wistar 
institute  of  anatomy 
and  biology,  an  annex 
of  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania,  was 
based  on  a  collection 
commenced  by  him  in 
1808.  In  1793-1810  he  was  physician  to  the 
Pennsylvania  ho.spital.  He  was  the  author 
of  System  of  Anatomy  for  Use  of  Students 
in  Medicine.  He  died  Jan.  22,  1818,  in  Phila- 
deliilila.  Pa. 

Wisiter,  Mrs.  Annis  Lee,  translator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  9,  1830,  in  Philadelphia, 
I'a.  She  is  a  translator  of  many  German 
novels.  She  is  the  author  of  Metrical  Tran.s- 
hitions  and   Pficnis. 

Wistar,  Isaac  Jones,  soldier,  lawyer,  sci- 
entist, philanthropist,  was  born  Nov.  14, 
1827,  in  L'liihi'lelphia,  Pa.  He  entered  the 
—  national  army  in  1861 
as  a  captain  in  a 
regiment  of  Penn- 
sylvania volunteers ; 
s(>rved  in  Maryland 
and  Virginia;  and  was 
connnissioned  briga- 
dier-general of  volun- 
teers. After  the  civil 
war  he  resumed  prac- 
tice ;  and  was  presi- 
dent of  a  canal  com- 
pany and  several  coal 
companies  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  was  presivlcnt  of  the  Philadelphia 
academy  of  national  sciences  in  lS!)2-!)(); 
and  is  now  vii-e-prchident  of  the  American 
philusopliical  society:  and  president  of  the 
I'ennsylvi'nia  boird  of  state  charities.  He 
died   Sept.   IS.   l!l().-).   in  Clayniont,  Del. 

Wister,  Langhorne,  soldier,  was  born  in 
I'ennsyivania.  In  lS(n  he  was  captain  in  the 
f  liirteenth  IV'iinsylvania  reserves;  and  in 
lS(i.")  was  lirevetted  l)ri<,Mdier-general  of  vol- 
unteers.   Il>'  died  March   li),   1.S91. 

Wister,  Owen,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
.Inly  14.  IS(il).  in  IMiiladelphia.  Pa.  He  is  the 
antluir  of  The  Ni-w  Swiss  Family  Robinson; 
The    Dragon   of    Want  ley,   a    romance;    Red 


750 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Men  and  White,  ii  collection  of  frontier 
stories;  Lin  McLean;  Red  Men  and  White; 
The  Virginian;  Mother;  and  The  Seven 
Ages   of   Washington. 

Wister,  Mrs.  Sarah  Butler,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1835  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.  She 
is  the  author  of  A  Boat  of  Grass,  a  poem  ; 
and  translations  from  Alfred  de  Musset. 

Wiswall,  Ichabod,  clergyman,  poet,  was 
born  in  1638  in  England.  In  1676-1700  he 
was  pastor  of  the  church  in  Duxbury,  Mass. 
He  published  a  poem  on  the  comet  of  1680. 
He  died  July  23.  1700,  in  Duxbury,  Mass. 

Wiswell,  Andrew  Peters,  lawyer,  legisla- 
tor, jurist,  was  born  July  11,  1852,  in  Ells- 
worth, Maine.  He  was  judge  of  Ellsworth 
municipal  court  in  1877-81 ;  and  was  national 
bank  examiner  in  1883-86.  In  1887,  1889  and 
1891  he  was  a  member  of  the  Maine  state 
legislature,  and  was  speaker  of  the  house 
in  1891.  In  1893-1900  he  was  associate-jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  judicial  court  of  Maine ; 
and  since  1900  has  been  chief  justice.  He 
died  in   1906  in  Ellsworth,  Maine. 

Witcher,  John  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  July  15, 
1839.  in  Cabell  county,  Va.  He  entered  the 
volunteer  army  in  1862  as  a  lieutenant ;  and 
rose  by  degrees  to  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general.  In  1865  he  was  elected  to  the  West 
Virginia  state  legislature ;  and  in  1866  was 
elected  secretary  of  state.  In  1869-71  he  was 
a  representative  from  West  Virginia  to  the 
forty-first  congress  as  a  republican. 

Witherell,  Benjamin  F.  H.,  lawyer,  jurist. 
In  1857-63  he  was  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Michigan  to  fill  a  vacancy. 

Witherell,  James,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  June  16, 
1759,  in  Mansfield,  Mass.  He  was  a  member 
of  tlie  Vermont  state  legislature ;  was  two 
years  a  county  judge ;  and  state  councilor 
in  1803-07  ;  and  in  1807-09  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Vermont  to  the  tenth  con- 
gress; and  in  1808  was  appointed  federal 
judge  of  the  territory  of  Michigan.  In  1805- 
24  he  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  territory  of  Michigan  ;  and  in 
1824-28  was  chief  justice.  In  1828  he  was 
appointed  secretary  of  Michigan.  Pie  died 
Jan.  9.  1838.  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Withers,  Frederick  Clarke,  soldier,  archi- 
tect, author,  was  born  Feb.  4,  1828.  in  Eng- 
land. During  the  civil  war  he  was  first  lieu- 
tenant of  engineers.  He  is  an  architect  of 
New  York  City ;  and  the  designer  of  the 
reredos  in  Trinity  church  in  that  city.  He 
is  the  author  of  Church  Architecture.  He 
died  in  1901   in  Now  York  City. 

Withers,  Jones  Mitchell,  soldier,  merchant, 
lawyer,  joanialisl.  legislator,  was  born  Jan. 
12,  1814.  in  INIadison  county.  Wis.  He  set- 
tled in  jNIobile  as  a  lawyer  and  commission 
merchant  in  1841.  He  was  in  the  legislature 
in  1855 ;  and  mayor  of  Mobile  in  1856-61. 
He  entered  the  confederate  army  as  colonel 
of  the  third  Alabama  infantry  ;  became  brig- 
adier-general in  1861 ;  and  major-general 
earlv  in  1862.    After  t1^  civil  war  he  returned 


to  ^Mobile ;  and  edited  the  Tribune  in  that 
city.  He  died  March  30,  1890.  in  Mobile,  Ala. 
Withers,  Robert  Enoch,  soldier,  journalist, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  Sept.  18, 
1821,  in  Campbell  county,  Va.  He  entered 
the  service  as  major  when  Virginia  passed 
the  ordinance  of  secession ;  and  was  made 
(.olonel  of  the  eighteenth  Virginia  regiment 
in  1861.  In  1866  he  moved  to  Lynchburg  and 
edited  the  Daily  News  of  that  city  until  1868. 
He  was  presidential  elector  for  the  state  at 
large  in  1873 ;  and  was  elected  lieutenant- 
governor  in  1873 ;  and  in  1875-81  he  was 
Uiiited  States  senator.  He  was  president 
of  Wytheville  development  company.  He  died 
in  1907  in  Wytheville,  Va. 

Withers,  T.  I.,  lawyer,  jurist.  He  was 
reputed  to  be  one  of  the  ablest  jurists  in  the 
south.  He  was  for  a  long  time  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  South  Carolina.  He  died 
Dec.  8,  1865,  in  Sumterville,  S.C. 

Witherspoon,  John,  signer  of  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  was  born  Feb.  5,  1722, 
in  Scotland.  In  1766  he  came  to  America, 
having  been  elected  president  of  Princeton 
college.  He  was  a  member  of  the  first  con- 
stitutional convention  of  New  Jersey  in  1776  ; 
and  was  a  signer  of  the  declaration  of  inde- 
pendence. In  1776-83  he  was  a  delegate  from 
New  Jersey  to  the  continental  congress,  and 
signed  the  articles  of  confederation.  He 
served  in  the  legislature ;  and  at  the  same 
time  frequently  occupied  the  pulpit.  He  was 
the  author  of  Ecclesiastical  Characteristics  ; 
Thoughts  on  American  Liberty  ;  Sermons  on 
Practical  Subjects ;  Leading  Truths  of  the 
(Jospel;  Letters  on  Marriage;  and  Sermons 
on  Various  Subjects.  He  died  Nov.  15,  1794, 
in  Princeton,  N.J. 

Witherspoon,  Robert,  congressman.  In 
1809-11  he  was  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  to  the  eleventh  congress.  He  died 
in  South  Carolina. 

Witherspoon,  Thomas  Dwight,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  17,  1836,  in  Greens- 
borough,  Ala.  He  has  been  a  presbyterian 
clergyman  of  Louisville  since  1882.  He  is 
the  author  of  Children  of  the  Covenant ;  and 
Letters  on  Romanism. 

Witherspoon,  Samuel  Andrew,  congress- 
man, was  born,  on  the  4th  day  of  jNIay,  1855, 
in  Lowndes  county,  Miss.  In  1911-15  he  was 
a  representative  from  Mississippi  to  the 
sixty-second  and  sixty-third  congresses. 

Witherstine,  Christopher  Sumner,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  author,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1854, 
in  New  York  City.  Since  1878  he  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  in  New  York  City  and 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of 
International  Pocket  Medical  Formulary. 

Withey,  Solomon  L.,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  was  born  April  21,  1820,  in  St.  Al- 
bans, Vt.  In  1848  he  was  elected  judge  of 
probate  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. ;  and  in  I860 
was  elected  to  the  state  senate.  In  1863-86 
he  was  ITnited  States  district  judge  for  the 
western  district  of  IMichigan.  He  was  presi- 
dent  of    the    First    national    bank   of    Grand 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


751 


Rapids.    He  died   April   25,   1886,   in   Grand 
Kapids,   Mich. 

Withington,  Charles  Francis,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  21,  1852,  in  Brookline, 
Mass.  In  1874-77  lie  tauglit  school;  and 
since  1881  has  practiced  inedicine  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  the  author  ot  The  Relation  ol 
Hospitals    to    Medical    Education. 

Withington,  Leonard,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  U,  178'J,  in  Dorchester,  ^lass. 
lie  was  a  congregational  clergyman;  and 
pastor  at  Xewbvuy,  in  1810-8.).  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Puritan,  a  series  of  Es- 
says; Penitential  Tears;  and  Solomon's 
Song  Translated  and  Kxidaiiied.  He  died 
April  22,  188.'),  in  Newbury.  .Mass. 

Withington,  William  Herbert,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Massachusetts.  in  1801  he  was 
captain  in  the  first  regiment  Miciiigan  in- 
fantry: and  in  180.5  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-gem-ral    of    volunteers. 

Witmer,  Lightner,  psychologist,  author, 
was  born  June  28,  1807,  in  Philadelphia,  I'a. 
Since  18U2  he  has  been  director  of  tlie 
laboratory  of  psychology  in  the  university 
of  IVnnsylvania.  in  18!)8  he  served  in  the 
Sjianish-American  war  in  Porto  Rico.  He 
is  the  autiior  of  Analytical  Psychology;  and 
i;.\perimental    Studies    in    Psychology. 

Witt,  Blax  S.,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  Nov.  12,  1871,  in  Germany.  In  1887- 
'JO  he  was  engaged  as  a  musical  director  in 
America.  He  has  composed  the  songs  Birth 
of  the  liose;  .My  Own  Collen;  The  Moth  and 
the  Flame;  My  Heart's  Tonight  in  Texas; 
^ly  Little  (iforgia  Rose;  and  is  the  author 
of  the  comic  opera  scores  A  Son  of  Rest; 
and  The  13uke  of  Duluth. 

Witt,  Samuel  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  legislator, 
was  born  Sept.  ti,  18.')U,  in  Prince  ivdward 
county,  Va.  In  1879-80  he  was  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  state  legislature;  and  for 
five  terms  was  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Iticlimond,  \'i\.  He  was  then  elected  judge 
of  the  Hustings  court,  to  which  he  was  re- 
elected in  18!)0  for  a  second  term  t>f  si.x 
years. 

Witt,  Stillmau,  railroad  president,  capi- 
talist, was  born  Jan.  4,  1808,  in  Worcester 
county.  Mass.  He  surveyed  and  laid  out 
the  village  of  Cohoes,  Mass.;  and  built 
the  Louisville  and  Portland  canal.  He  was 
iresident  of  tiie  Bellefontaine  and  Indi- 
ana railroad  company;  president  of  the  Sun 
insurance  conipanv;  presidejit  of  the  ITnion 
steel  screw  company;  president  of  the 
C'levelaiiil  box  machine  coirjpany;  and  a  di- 
rector of  railroads  and  bunlvs.  Hf  dii-d 
April  21),  1875,  at  sea. 

Witte,  William  Henry,  merchant,  con- 
gressman, was  born  .May  7,  1818,  in  Morris 
county,  X..I.  In  1840  he  became  a  merchant 
of  I'liiladelphia.  Pa.  in  ]8,-)-'5-55  he  was  a 
represi-ntative  from  Ptnnsylvania  to  the 
tliirty-third  congress  as  a  democrat,  H<' 
died  "Nov.    24,     1870.    in     IMiiladelphia.    Pa. 

Witthaus,  Rudolph  August,  toxicologist, 
author,    was    born    Aug.    30,    1840,    in    New 


York  City,  lie  is  professor  of  chemistry 
and  to.\icc)liigy  in  the  medical  department 
of  Cornell  university.  He  is  the  autlior  of 
iissentials  of  Chemistry;  Manual  of  Chem- 
istry;   and  other   works. 

Wittich,  W.  L.,  soldier,  merciiant,  manu- 
facturer, exporter,  was  born  Jan.  16,  1847,  in 
-Madison,  Ca.  In  1802  he  entered  the  con- 
federate service  in  the 
civil  war  as  private 
of  company  E,  lifty- 
si.xtli  Alabama  regi- 
ment. He  was  one 
of  President  Davis' 
escort  from  Green- 
boro,  N.C.,  to  Wash- 
ington, Ga.;  and  was 
guard  at  the  last 
meeting  of  the  con- 
federate cabinet.  He 
served  until  the  close 
^  of  the  war;   and  par- 

ticipated in  numerous  battles  and  skir- 
mislics.  He  is  a  successful  timber  and  lum- 
ber merchant,  manufacturer  and  exporter; 
and  prominently  identified  with  the  business 
and  jniblic  alfairs  of  the  South.  He  is 
a  member  of  Ward  camp,  number  ten,  at 
Pcnsacola,  Fla.;  and  major-general  Florida 
division  of  the  >_  nited  confederate  veterans. 
Witty,  Lee  T.,  broker,  state  representa- 
tiv.',  was  born  ^lay  20,  1859,  in  Newiiian- 
ville,  Cass  county.  III.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  and  private  schools  of  Eureka, 
111.;  and  for  many  years  was  engaged  in 
educational  work,  lie  is  now  a  success- 
ful real  estate  broker  of  Memphis,  Mo.; 
is  a  member  of  the  Missouri  Pacific  immi- 
gration bureau;  and  has  tilled  various  other 
])ositions  of  trust  and  honor.  He  lias  served 
two  terms  iji  the  ^Missouri  state  legislature. 

Wixon,  Susan  Helen,  author,  poet,  was 
born  in  1849.  in  Dennisport,  Mass.  She  is 
;'  popular  lecturer  on  moral  reform  and 
educational  topics  in  Fall  River,  Mass.; 
and  is  president  of  the  Humboldt  scientific 
society.  She  is  the  author  of  All  in  a 
Ijifetime; -Apples  of  Gold;  The  Story  Hour; 
Summer  Days  at  Onset;  and  a  volume  of 
poems. 

Woerner,  J.  Gabriel,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
jurist,  author,  was  born  April  28,  1820,  in 
Germany.  He  served  two  terms  in  the 
.Missouri  state  senate;  and  in  1870-94  was 
judgi-  of  the  j)robate  court  of  St.  Louis 
county.  He  was  the  author  of  American 
i>aw  of  Administration;  American  Law  of 
Guardianship:  and  The  Rebel's  Daughter,  a 
nov.d.  He  died  .Ian.  20,  1900,  in  St.  Louis, 
.Mo. 

Wofford,  John  W.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Aug.  14.  1S.'57,  in  Georgia.  He 
served  in  the  i'ouse  and  state  senat<'  of 
(ieorgia;  and  was  in  the  confederate  serv- 
ice from  the  lioginning  to  the  end  of  the 
civil  war.  In  1892  he  became  judge  of  the 
.lackson  eountv  criminal  court  at  Kansas 
Citv,  Mo. 


752 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wolcott,  Anson,  farmer,  merchant,  law- 
yer, legislator,  was  born  Oct.  21,  1819,  in 
Western,  N.Y.  In  1864  he  moved  to  Indi- 
ana; two  years  later 
was  elected  a  member 
of  the  senate  of  that 
state,  and  during 
three  sessions  of  the 
legislature  he  held  the 
position  of  chairman 
of  the  senate  finance 
committee.  In  1876 
he  was  nominated  by 
the  greenback  party 
for  the  office  of  gov- 
ernor. He  filled  nu- 
merous public  offices 
of  trust  in  Tns  native  state  prior  to  his 
settlement  in  Indiana,  and  was  attorney 
and  counsellor  at  law  of  the  supreme  court 
for  the  state  of  New  York,  and  later  of 
the  United  States  supreme  court.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  number  of  papers  on  the 
subject  of  finance,  which  have  been  pub- 
lished as  memorials,  oy  order  of  the  United 
States  senate.  He  was  a  successful  farmer 
and  grain  dealer  of  Wolcott,  Ind.,  and  a 
direct  descendant  of  Henry  Wolcott,  who 
came  from  Somersetshire,  England,  in  1630. 
He   (lied   in    1907   in   Wolcott,  Ind. 

Wolcott,  Edward  Oliver,  soldier,  lawyer. 
United  States  senator,  was  born  March  26, 
1848,  in  Long  Meadow,  Mass.  He  served 
for  a  few  months  as  private  in  the  one  hun- 
dred and  fiftietli  regiment  of  Ohio  volun- 
teers in  1864.  In  1889-1901  he  was  United 
States  senator  from  Colorado.  He  died 
March    1,   1905,   in   Monte   Carlo. 

Wolcott,  Erasitus,  soldier,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Sept.  21,  1722,  in  Wind- 
sor, Conn.  He  was  repeatedly  elected  to 
the  Connecticut  general  assembly;  and  Avas 
chosen  speaker  of  the  lower  house.  He 
was  a  justice  of  the  peace  and  a  judge  of 
probate;  and  became  chief  judge  of  the 
county  court.  He  was  appointed  a  briga- 
dier-general of  militia  in  1777;  and  led  the 
first  brigade  of  Connecticut  troops  on  the 
expedition  to  Peekskill,  N.Y.,  and  then  to 
Danbury,  Conn.  He  was  chosen  a  delegate 
to  the  continental  congress.  He  died  Sept. 
14,    1793,   in    Windsor,   Conn. 

Wolcott,  Henry  Roger,  financier,  state 
senator,  was  born  March  15,  1846,  in  Long 
Meadow,  Mass.  He  is  now  treasurer  of 
the  Colorado  mining  and  smelting  com- 
pany; and  a  director  of  the  Equitable  life 
assurance  society  of  New  York.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate  of  Colorado  in 
1878-82.  and  president  pro  tern,  during  his 
last   term. 

Wolcott,  Oliver,  signer  of  the  declaration 
Oi  independence,  congressman,  was  born 
Nov.  26,  1726,  in  Windsor,  Conn.  He  was 
one  of  the  signers  of  the  declaration  of  in- 
dependence; and  of  the  articles  of  confed- 
eration. In  1775-78  and  1780-84  he  was  a 
delegate  from  Connee^cut  to  the  continen- 
tal  congress.     As   a   military   man   he   rose 


to  the  grade  of  major-general;  and  was 
present  at  the  capture  of  Burgoyne.  In 
1786-96  he  was  lieutenant-governor  of  Con- 
necticut; and  was  the  second  governor  in 
1796-98.  He  died  Dec.  1,  1797,  in  Litchfield, 
Conn. 

Wolcott,  Oliver,  lawyer  jurist,  governor, 
cabinet  ollicer,  was  born  Jan.  11,  1760,  in 
Litchfield,  Conn.  In  1874  he  was  commis- 
sioned to  adjust  the  claims  of  Connecti- 
cut against  the  United  States  government. 
He  was  appointed  comptroller  of  public  ac- 
counts Aviien  that  office  was  created  in 
1778.  When  the  national  government  was 
organized  under  the  new  constitution,  in 
1789,  he  received  the  appointment  of  au- 
ditor of  the  treasury.  He  became  comp- 
troller of  the  treasury;  and  in  1795-1801  he 
was  secretary  of  the  treasury.  He  was 
judge  of  the  United  States  circuit  court 
for  the  second  district,  embracing  the 
states  of  Connecticut,  Vermont  and  New 
York.  He  died  June  1,  1833,  in  New  York 
City. 

Wolcott,  Roger,  colonial  governor,  ixn't, 
was  born  Jan.  4,  1679,  in  Windsor,  Conn. 
He  was  colonial  governor  of  Connecticut 
in  1751-54.  He  was  tlie  author  of  Poetical 
]\[('ditations.  He  died  May  17,  1767,  in 
East   Windsor,   Conn. 

Wolcott,  Roger,  lawyer,  legislator,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  July  13,  1847,  in  Boston, 
^lass.  He  served  in  the  common  council  of 
Boston  in  1877-79;  and  in  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1882-84.  In  1892-96 
he  was  the  thirty-eighth  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  Massachusetts;  and  in  1897-1900 
governor.  He  died  Dec.  21,  1900,  in  Boston, 
Mass. 

Wolcott,  Samuel,  clergyman,  missionary, 
poet,  was  born  July  2,  1813,  in  Windsor, 
Conn.  He  was  missionary  in  Syria  for 
three  years.  He  was  the  author  of  a  ge- 
nealogy of  the  Wolcott  Family;  and  a  num- 
ber of  hymns.  He  died  in  February,  1886, 
in   Cleveland,  Oliio. 

Wolf,  Daniel  Mosser,  educator,  clergy- 
man, was  born  June  15,  1837,  near  Hublers- 
Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native 
state;  and  at 
Aaronsburg  academy 
of  Pennsylvania.  At 
the  age  of  fifteen  he 
began  teaching;  pre- 
pared himself  for 
while  teach- 
and  in  1863 
graduated  from 
Franklin  and  Mar- 
sh a  1 1  college.  He 
then  entered  the  re- 
form theological  sem- 
inary of  Mercersburg,  Pa.;  in  1867  gradu- 
ated from  that  institution  of  learning; 
and  has  received  the  degrees  of  A.]\I.,  Ph. 
D.  and  D.D.  After  serving  as  principal  of 
several  academies,  in  1868  he  was  elected 
adjunct    jirofessoi'   ot    languages    ani^    mat)' 


burg. 


college 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


753 


ematics  to  Franklin  and  Marshall  college. 
In  1S7U  lie  resigned  to  aceept  the  pastorate 
of  the  Uelietonte  and  several  adjaeent  re- 
form ehnrehes.  In  1872-75  he  was  profes- 
sor of  ancient  languages  in  his  alma  ma- 
ter. J II  1S7.3  he  took  eharge  of  the  Penn 
hall  8i)riiig  mills  academy;  and  in  1881 
became  county  sujjerintendcnt  of  schools 
tor  Centre  county,  Fa.,  serving  three  terms. 
He  then  again  took  charge  of  the  Penn  hall 
spring  mills  academy  until  1SU3,  which  po- 
sition he  resigned  on  account  of  his  health. 
In  li)02  several  thousand  of  liis  pupils  and 
friends  celebrated  the  golden  jubilee  of  his 
educational  work.  In  honor  of  his  more 
than  fifty  years  of  Sunday  school  work,  a 
beautiful  window  was  placed  in  tlie  Sunday 
school  room  of  the  Salem  reformed  church 
near   his   honu-. 

Wolf,  Charles  George  Lewis,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  i)oiii  ill  1S72  in  London',  England. 
He  is  ])hysiological  chemist  at  the  New 
t'ornell  university  medical  college  of  New 
York  City.  He  is  the  author  of  Physiolog- 
ical   C'hciiiistiy. 

Wolf,  Edmund  Jacob,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Dec.  8,  1840,  near 
Rebersburg,  Pa.  He  was  a  lutheran  clergy- 
man; professor  in  the  theological  seminary 
at  (jettysl)urg;  and  editor  of  the  Lutiieran 
Quarterly  and  the  Lutheran  World.  He 
was  the  author  of  History  of  the  Luther- 
ans in  America.  He  died  in  lOO.l  in  Get- 
tysburg,   Pa. 

Wolf,  Emma,  litterateur,  author,  was 
born  June  1.'),  180.5,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
She  is  the  author  of  Other  Things  Being 
R(|u:il:  .Joy  of  Life;  A  Prodigal  in  Love; 
and    Heirs    of    Yesterday. 

Wolf,  George,  lawyer,  state  legislator, 
congressiiiMii.  governor,  was  born  Aug.  12, 
1777.  in  Northampton  county,  Pa.  After 
_  pursuing   a    course   of 

classical  education  in 
his  own  county,  he 
stinlied  law,  became 
eiiiiiieiit  and  engaged 
in  a  lucrative  prac- 
tice. In  1818  he  was 
elected  a  member  of 
the  P<'  n  n  s  y  1  v  ania 
state  legislature.  In 
;  lS2:j-2n  he  was  a 
>  representative  from 
.^  Pennsylvania  to  the 
eighteenth,  Jiineteenth 
iiiid  twentieth  congresses.  He  was  the  sev- 
enth governor  of  Pennsylvania.  In  18;}G 
he  was  ap|»oint.'d  first  comptroller  of  the 
rnited  States  treasury;  was  subse(|uently 
appointed  c<iliector  of  customs  at  I'hiladei- 
phia.  Me  died  March  17.  1840.  in  I'liila- 
•  lelpliia.     I'a. 

Wolf,  Harry  B.,  congressman,  was  born 
.Tune  Hi.  18S0,  in  Haltilnore,  Md.  He  was 
educated  in  tlie  jiublic  schools  of  Baltimore^ 
Mfl.:  and  in  H»01  received  the  degree  of 
1>L.B.  from  the  university  of  Maryland.  In 
l!)()7-0n  ho  was  a  representative  from  Mary- 


land  to    the   sixtieth    congress   as   a   demo- 
crat. 

Wolf,  Henry,  engraver,  artist,  was  born 
Aug.  3,  1852,  in  Alsace.  He  has  received 
many  medals.  He  has  engraved  a  number 
of  original  works,  the  most  notable  being 
The  Evening  Star;  The  ^Morning  Star; 
.Morning  Mist  and  Duck  Pond.  He  is  en- 
graving the  American  artist  series;  and 
Portraits  of  Ladies.  He  is  a  national  aca- 
demician. 

Wolf,  Simon,  lawyer,  lecturer,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  28,  1836,  in  Bavaria. 
In  18G2  he  went  to  Washington;  and  in 
18(59-78  he  was  recorded  of  deeds  for  the 
District  of  Columbia.  In  1881-82  he  was 
consul-general  in  l'>gypt.  He  is  the  author 
of  American  Jew  as  Patriot,  Soldier  and 
Citizen;  and  Biographies.  He  founded  the 
Hebrew    orphan    home    at   Atlanta,   Ga. 

Wolf,  William  P.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  1,  1833, 
in  Stark  county,  Ohio.  He  was  superin- 
tendent of  common  schools  in  Iowa.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1863-64;  was  re-elected;  was 
assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in 
1865;  and  was  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1867.  He  was  a  representative  from 
Iowa  to  the  forty-first  congress  to  fill  a 
vacancy. 

Wolfe,  Catharine  Lorillard,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  ^March  28,  1828,  in  New  York 
City.  She  gave  about  one  hundi-ed  thou- 
sand dollars  to  Union  college;  thirty  thou- 
sand dollars  to  St.  Luke's  hospital  of  New 
Y'ork  City;  and  sixty-five  thousand  dollars 
to  St.  Johnland  on  Long  Island;  largely 
aiding  in  building  the  American  chapel  at 
Rome;  and  contributed  a  large  sum  to  the 
one  in  Paris.  She  established  an  Italian 
mission,  costing  fifty  thousand  dollars;  and 
a  newsboys'  lodging-house,  and  a  diocesan 
house  which,  including  its  endowment,  cost 
one  hundred  and  seventy  thousand  dollars. 
She  died  April  4,  1887,  in  New  York  City. 

Wolfe,  Edward  H.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Indiana.  In  1861  he  was  major  in  the  fifty- 
second  regiment  Indiana  infantry;  and  in 
1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out    in    1865. 

Wolfe,  Harry  Kirke,  educator,  was  born 
Nov.  10.  18.58,  in  Bloomington,  111.  He  is 
tlio  aidlior  of  The  Color  Vocabulary  of 
(  liilcireii:   and  numerous  other  ]\Ionographs. 

Wolfe,  James  B.,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Nov.  14,  1856,  in  Sullivan 
county,  Tenn.  In  1SR5  ho  graduated  from 
the  National  noniial  university  of  Leba- 
non, Ohio;  has  been  superintendent  of  the 
Biemond  public  schools,  Texas;  principal 
of  the  ("alvert  high  school;  and  president 
of  llie  (JladeviJle  college   of   X^iririiiia. 

Wolfe,  John  B.,  cleigynian.  philanthropist, 
was  born  May  14,  1843,  in  Bond  county, 
111.  He  served  in  the  civil  war.  He  has 
attained  prominence  as  one  of  the  most 
iniinent  clergymen  of  Illinois.    He  lias  been 


754 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


secretary  of  the  Illinois  conference  of  the 
methodist  episcopal  church;  presiding  el- 
der; a  delegate  to  the  general  conference 
of  1896;  and  a  delegate  to  the  national 
conference  of  charities  held  in  Toronto,  On- 
taria,  in  1897.  He  now  fills  a  pastorate  in 
Bloomington,    111. 

Wolfe,  John  David,  merchant,  philanthro- 
pist, was  born  July  24,  1792,  in  New  York 
City.  He  founded  a  high  scliool  for  girls, 
known  as  Wolfe  hall,  at  Denver,  Col.;  and 
a  diocesan  school  for  girls  at  Topeka,  Kan.; 
and  gave  the  building  for  the  theological 
seminary  connected  with  Kenyon  college; 
and  a  fund  for  the  college  of  tlie  Sisters 
of  Bethany  at  Topeka,  Kan.  He  built 
homes  for  crippled  and  destitute  children 
and  for  impoverished  christian  men  in  Suf- 
folk county,  N.Y.;  and,  with  Mrs.  Peter 
Cooper,  established  the  Sheltering  arms 
charity  in  New  York  Citv.  He  died  Mav 
17,   1872,  in   New   York  City. 

Wolfe,  N.  B.,  educator,  physician,  was 
born  Dec.  26,  1823,  in  Columbia,  Del.  He 
was  a  boat  driver  of  the  Pennsylvania 
canal;  and  attended  two  Avinter  sessions  at 
the  Cassville  academy.  He  was  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the  Franklin  academy  libra- 
ry. He  taught  school  in  Ohio;  and  studied 
medicine  at  Hallidaysburg,  Ohio.  He  then 
attended  a  medical  school  in  Canada.  For 
many  years  he  practiced  medicine  at  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  and  also  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
He  is  the  author  of  Common  Sense   Book. 

Wolfe,  S.  Herbert,  actuarv,  author,  was 
born  March  19,  1874.  in  Baltimore,  Md.  He 
has  been  consulted  by  numerous  insiirance 
departments  and  companies ;  and  has  been 
called  upon  to  testify  as  expert  in  much 
important  insurance  litigation.  He  is  the 
author  of  Inheritance  Tax  Calculations. 

Wolfe,  Simeon  K.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, state  senator,  congressman,  was  born 
Feb.  14,  1824,  in  Floyd  county,  Ind.  He 
was  a  presidential  elector  in  1856;  and 
was  a  member  of  the  Indiana  state  senate 
in  1860-64.  He  was  colonel  of  the  Indiana 
militia  in  1861.  He  was  editor  and  jnoprie- 
tor  of  the  Corydon  Democrat  in  1857-65.  In 
1870  he  moved  to  New  Albany;  and  in 
1873-75  he  was  a  representative  to  the  for- 
ty-third congress. 

Wolfe,  Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  physi- 
cian, scientist,  author,  was  born  in  1847 
in  Kenvil,  N.J.  For  several  years  he  prac- 
ticed medicine  in  Jersey  City,  N.J.;  held 
various  offices  in  the  health  department  of 
that  citj^;  and  in  medical  societies  of  New 
Jersey  and  New  York.  He  is  the  author  of 
Anaesthesia  and  Antesthetics;  Literary 
Shrines;  Literary  Haunts  and  Homes;  A 
Literary  Pilgrimage;  Literary  Rambles  at 
Home   and   Abroad;    and  otlicr   works. 

Wolfenbarger,  Andrew  Givens,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  March  24,  1856,  in  Green- 
bank,  Va.  He  is  a  lawyer  of  Lincoln.  Neb. 
He  is  president  of  the  Nebraska  irrigation 
association.  He  is  theVanthor  of  the  Ne- 
braska Legislative  Year  Book  of   1897. 


Wolf,  Bernard  Grouse,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1794,  in  Martins- 
burg,  Va.  He  was  for  several  years  presi- 
dent of  the  German  reformed  board  of  for- 
tign  missions;  a  member  of  the  liturgical 
committee  in  1849-68;  and  a  frequent  con- 
tributor to  the  church  publications.  He 
died  Nov.   1,   1870,  in  Lancaster,  Pa. 

Wolff,  Christian  D.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1822.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Mexican 
and  civil  wars;  and  attained  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general.  He  died  May  22,  1899, 
in    St.   Louis,  Mo. 

Wolff,  S.  Anderson,  educator,  musician, 
was  born  Feb.  8,  1861,  near  Abbotstown, 
Pa.    He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools, 

colleges  and  musical 
institutes  of  his  na- 
tive state.  In  1886- 
91  he  was  musical 
director  of  Gaston 
college  of  Dallas,  N. 
C. ;  and  since  1891 
has  been  principal  of 
that  institution.  He 
has  composed  several 
pieces  that  have  ap- 
peared in  standard 
collections, 
woiaey,  L.  w.,  governor.  In  1889-90  he 
lie   was  territorial  governor  of  Arizona. 

Wolford,  Frank  L.,  soldier,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  2, 
.1817,  in  Adair  county,  Ky.  He  was  a  rep- 
lesentative  in  the  Kentucky  state  legisla- 
ture in  1847-48  and  1865-66.  He  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1864  and  1868;  and 
was  adjutant-general  of  the  state  of  Ken- 
lucky  to  the  fortj'-eighth  and  forty-ninth 
congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died  Aug. 
2.   1895.  in  Columbia,  Ky. 

Wolf  red.  Brother,  educator,  college  presi- 
dent, was  born  Nov.  11,  1858,  in  London, 
England.  Since  1900  he  has  been  president 
of  Uie  LaSalle  college  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Wolf  stein,  David  I.,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  11,  1862,  in  Hannibal,  Mo. 
In  1880-85  he  was  in  the  wholesale  hard- 
ware business;  in  1892-98  was  in  the  gen- 
eral practice  of  medicine;  and  since  1898 
has  been  a  specialist  in  nervous  and  mental 
ciscases.  He  is  the  author  of  Neuron  The- 
c.ry  in  Relation  to  tlie  Diseases  of  the 
Brain. 

Wolle,  Peter,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  Jan.  5.  1792,  in  the  West  Indies.  At 
j-.s  death  he  was  senior  bishop  of  the 
^Moravian  cluirch  in  Europe  and  America. 
He  possessed  a  thorough  knowledge  of  nui- 
f^ic;  and  revised  and  rearranged  the  hymn- 
tunes  that  are  now  in  use  in  the  Moravian 
churches.  He  died  Nov.  14,  1871,  in  Beth- 
leliem.   Pa. 

Wollenhaupt,  Hermann  Adolph,  musician, 
was  born  Sept.  17,  1827,  in  Germany.  He 
composed  pieces  for  the  pianoforte;  sev- 
eral of  them  were  published  in  Europe.  He 
died  Sept.  IS,  1863.  in  New  York  City. 
Woll,    Fritz    Wilhelm,    educator,   chemist, 


HERRINGSIIAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


755 


autlior.  was  born  May  23,  186.'),  in  Norway. 

SiiK-c  1887  lie  has  been  connected  with, 
••"^  anil     since     1S!)7     has 

been  chemist  of  the 
Wisconsin  agricultur- 
al experiment  station. 
Since  l!»tl<)  lie  has 
been  professor  of 
agricultural  chemis- 
try at  the  universitj' 
of  Wisconsin.  He  is 
the  autlior  of  Agri- 
cultural C  a  1  e  n  da  r; 
Dairy  Calendar;  A 
Handbook  for  Farni- 
■*  ers  and   Dairymen;    A 

Book    on    .Silaye;    joint    author    of    Testing 


and   translator   of 
of     ]\Iodern    Uairv 


August,    journalist, 


.Milk    and   Its    I'loducts; 
(Jrotenfelt's     Principles 
Practice. 

Wollenweber,  Louis 
autlior.  was  born  Dec.  5,  18U7,  in  Germany. 
After  editing  several  German  papers  in 
Pliiiadtdpliia,  he  removed  to  Reading.  Pa. 
He  was  the  autlior  of  Sketches  of  Domestic 
Life  in  Pennsylvania;  and  several  works  in 
German.  He  died  July  25,  1888,  in  Read- 
ing. Pa. 

Wolverton,  Charles  Edwin,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  May  16,  1851,  in  Des  Moines 
county,  Iowa.  He  was  elected  to  the  su- 
preme bench  in  1892;  in  1894-98  was  an  as- 
sociate justice;  and  in  1898-1900  was  cliief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Oregon. 
Since  1905  he  has  been  judge  of  the  United 
States  district  court  for  the  district  of 
Oregon. 

Wolverton,  Simon  P.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1837,  in 
Rush    township.   Pa.     In    18(i2    he   raised   a 

company  of  emer- 
gency men,  of  which 
he  was  made  cap- 
tain, and  served  in 
the  eighteenth  regi- 
ment of  Pennsylva- 
{.i^  ^'^^H     "'''      volunteers.        In 

cy^  ^^H     1803    he    was    chosen 

■pte^  *^^^H     C'^pt^iii     of     company 

^^  ^^H     F,    thirty-si.xth     regi- 

J\.  ^^^H     ment      Pennsylvania 

^^^^^^    ^^^^H  In 

■ii^^HB..^^^^^|     he  was  elected  to  the 

state  senate,  and  was 
ie-el<-(tcd  in  ISSO  and  1884.  wlien  he  de- 
clined further  nomination  to  that  ollice. 
Ill  IS,S4  lie  was  iiominateJ  for  L'nited 
States  senator  by  tiie  democrats  of  both 
houses;  and  in  1891-!)5  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  lifty-second  and  fifty-third 
(■oiigresse.s  as  a  democrat.  He  died  in  Sun- 
1)111  y.    Pa. 

Welz,  George  P.,  merchant,  jmblic  olli- 
lial.  was  i)<)rn  Dec.  30,  18r.2.  in  Philadel- 
phiii.  I'a.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schdols  of  Fremont,  Neb.;  and  is  now  a 
successful  merciiant  of  that  city.  He  is 
past  colonel  of  the  Nebraska  division  sons 
of  veterans;   past  captain  knights  of  pythi- 


as;  and  a  member  of  the  independent  order 
of  odd  ftdlows  and  several  other  fraternal 
and  patriotic  societies.  In  1903-07  he  was 
mayor    of    Fremont.    Neb. 

Wood,  Abiel,  merchant,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1772  in  Wiscas- 
tet,  Mass.  He  was  a  distinguished  mer- 
chant of  Wiscasset,  Mass.;  and  in  1807-11 
and  1816  was  a  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature. In  1813-15  he  was  a  representative 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  thirteenth  con- 
gress; and  a  state  councillor  in  1820-21. 
He   died  Nov.  2,   1834,  in   Belfast,  Maine. 

Wood,  Alan,  banker,  congressman,  was 
born  July  6,  1834,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
took  charge  of  the  Delaware  Iron  works  of 
his  father  and  was  tliere  six  years.  He 
moved  to  Conshohocken,  Pa.;  and  assisted 
in  building  the  original  mill  of  the  Scliuyl- 
kill  iron  works.  He  became  interested  in 
tile  two  companies;  and  was  president  of 
the  First  national  bank  of  Conshohocken. 
In  1875-77  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  forty-fourth  congress 
as   a   re]iublicaii. 

Wood,  AlphoESO,  educator,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  17,  1810,  in  Chesterfield,  N.H. 
He  was  an  educator  of  Brooklyn  whose 
text-books  \\ere  very  popular.  He  was  the 
author  of  Class-Book  of  Botany;  First 
Lessons  in  Botany;  Leaves  and  Flowers; 
and  The  American  Botanist.  He  died  Jan. 
4,   1881.  in   West  Farms,  N.Y. 

Wood,  Alva,  educator,  college  president, 
was  born  Aug.  13,  1794,  in  Addison  coun- 
ty, Vt.  He  was  president  of  the  Transyl- 
vania university  of  Lexington,  Ky. ;  and  in 
1831-37  was  president  of  tlie  university  of 
Alabama.  He  died  Sept.  6,  1887,  in  Provi- 
dence, R.I. 

Wood,  Amos  E.,  agriculturist,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  was  born  in  1810  in 
Jeirerson  county,  N.Y.  He  twice  served  in 
the  legislature;  and  two  years  in  the  state 
senate.  In  1849-50  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the-  thirty-first  congress.  He 
died   Nov.    19.    1850.   in  "port   ^^■ayne.  Ind. 

Wood,  Benjamin,  journalist,  state  sena- 
tor, congressman,  author,  was  born  Oct. 
13.  1820,  Ml  Slielbyville.  Ky.  He  made  sev- 
eral voyages  to  the 
West  Indies  and 
along  the  South 
American  coast:  ami 
before  reaching  man- 
hood had  traveled 
through  nearly  every 
state  in  the  union. 
His  b  n  s  i  n  e  s  s  was 
piiiici|)ally  transact- 
ed in  New  York, 
where  he  b  e  c  a  m  e 
very  wealthy.  He 
"^  was    a    state    senator 

in  lS6(;-fi7.  In  1861-65  and  lSSl-83  he  was 
a  representative  from  New  ^oik  to  the 
thirty-seventh,  thirty-eighth  and  forty- 
seventh  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  is 
(he  aiitlior  of   Fort    Lafavette,  or  Love  and 


750 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Secession.     He  died  Feb.  21,   1900,  in  New 
York   City. 

Wood,  Benjamin,  manufacturer,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  2,  1865,  in  Monitor,  Cal.  He 
is  a  manufacturer  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  the  author  of  The  Successful  Man  of 
lousiness;    and  Bugle   Calls. 

Wood,  Benson,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1839  in  Montrose,  Pa. 
[Je  was  an  Illinois  sgldier  in  the  civil  war; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  captain  of  in- 
iantry.  He  was  the  mayor  of  the  city  of 
J<]|lingham;  and  was  a  representative  in 
ilie  general  assembly  of  Illinois.  In  1895- 
ii7  lie  was  a  representative  to  the  fifty- 
fourth  congress.  He  is  president  of  the 
J]ftinghani  state  bank  in  Illinois. 

Wood,  Bradford  R.,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
congressnuui,  was  born  Sept.  30,  1800,  in 
VVestport,  Conn.  He  moved  to  Albany,  N. 
Y.;  and  in  1845-47  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  twenty-ninth  con- 
gress. In  1861  he  was  appointed  minister 
resident  to  Denmark.  He  died  Sept.  26, 
1889,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Wood,  Carroll  David,  educator,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  July  8,  1857.  He  has  been 
state  superintendent  public  instruction  of 
Arkansas.  In  1882-86  he  was  district  at- 
torney; and  in  1886-93  he  was  circuit  judge. 
Since"  1893  he  lias  been  an  associate  justice 
of  the  state  supreme  court  of  Arkansas. 

Wood,   Casey   Albert,   physician,   ophthal- 
mologist, author,  was  born  Nov.  21,  1856,  in 
Canada.     He   was   educated   in   universities 
of  Canada;   and  received  the  degrees  of  C. 
M.,  M.D.  and  the   honorary  degree   of  D.C. 
L.     In    1878-85   he  was  professor  of   chem- 
istry in  the  university  of  Bishop's  college; 
and  for  two  years  studied  in  Berlin,  Vien- 
na, Paris  and  London.     In  1889  he  went  to 
Chicago,  111.,  where   he   is   now   engaged   in 
the    practice    of    medicine    as    a    consulting 
ophthalmologist.    He    is    attending    ophthal- 
mologist to   St.  Luke's,  Wesley,  Passavant 
memorial,   and    the    Post   graduate   medical 
school  hospitals  of  Ciiicago,  111.     He  is  con- 
sulting   ophthalmic    surgeon    to    the    Cook 
cou'iity  and  St.  Anthony  hospitals;   in  1898- 
1!105    was   professor   of   clinical   ophthalmol- 
ogy  in   the   college   of   physicians   and   sur- 
geons  of   Chicago,   111.,   and   since    1906   has 
been  professor  of  ophthalmology  in  the  med- 
ical   dcpaitmeiit   of    the   Northwestern    uni- 
versity,   lie  is  the  autlior  of  Lessons  in  the 
Diagnosis  and. Treatment  of  Eye  Diseases; 
Tlie  Toxic  Amblyopias;  and  The  Commoner 
Diseases   of   the   Eye. 

Wood,  Charles,  clergynum,  author,  was 
born  June  3,  1851,  in  IBrooklyn,  N.Y.  lie 
is  a  pastor  of  tiie  Second  presbyterian 
church  of  Philadcl])hia.  He  is  the  author 
of  Sauiiterings  in  Europe;  Beginning  Life; 
ami    Friciiils  and   Foes  of   Youth. 

Wood,  Charles  Erskine  Scott,  soldier, 
lawyer,  autlior,  poet,  was  born  Feb.  20, 
1852,  in  Erie,  Pa.  In  i^74-84  he  served  as 
second  and  first  lieutenant  in  the  United 
States  army.     Since   1884  he  has  practiced 


law  in  Portland,  Oregon.  He  is  the  author 
of  A  Book  of  Tales,  Being  Myths  of  the 
North  American  Indians;  and  A  Masque  of 
Love,  a  poem  in  three  parts. 

Wood,    Charles    Bradley,    educator,    was 
born  Aug.  29,  1843,  in  Fulton  county,  Ohio. 
He  graudated  from  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  uni- 
^  versity,    and   received 

the  degrees  of  A.B. 
and  A.M.  For  two 
years  he  taught 
mathematics  in  West 
Farmington,  Ohio; 
then  in  Willoughby. 
He  subsequently  was 
principal  of  public 
schools  at  Sewickley, 
Pa.;  professor  of 
mathematics  in  the 
Pittsburgh  high 
school  for  eleven 
years;  for  twenty  years  was  principal  of 
the  Pittsburgh  high  school;  and  a  director 
of  high  schools.  He  was  actively  identified 
with  building  and  loan  associations  for 
fifteen  years,  and  has  contributed  exten- 
sively to  current  literature  on  educational 
topics.  He  died  in  September,  1907,  in 
Colorado    Spi'ings,   Col. 

Wood,  Charles  Seely,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  April  19,  1845,  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio.  In  1869  he  became  a  pastor  of  the 
l-iesbyterian  church.  He  is  the  author  of 
Alice  and  Her  Two  Friends;  On  the  Fron- 
tier with  St.  Clair;  The  Sword  of  Wayne; 
and    Camp-Fires    on    the    Scioto. 

Wood,  De  Volson,  educator,  author,  was 
born  June  1,  1832,  in  Smyrna,  N.Y.  In 
1872-97  he  was  professor  of  mathematics 
and  engineering  at  the  Stevens  institute 
of  Hoboken,  N.J.  He  was  the  author  of 
Treatise  on  Resistance  of  Materials;  Con- 
struction of  Bridges  and  Roofs;  Elements 
of  Analytical  Mechanics;  Elements  of  Co- 
ordinate Geometry;  The  Mechanics  of  Flu- 
ids; Trigonometry;  Thermodynamics;  and 
Theory  of  Turbines.  He  died  June  27,  1897, 
ill    Hoboken,  N.J. 

Wood,  Mrs.  Edith  Elmer,  litterateur,  au- 
tlior was  born  Sept.  24,  1871,  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.H.  She  is  the  wife  of  Captain 
Albert  Norton  Wood.  She  is  the  author  of 
The  Spirit  of  the  Service;  and  other  works. 

Wood,  Edward  Parker,  naval  officer,  was 
l)orn  Aug.  16,  1848,  in  Mansfield,  Ohio.  He 
was  promoted  in  1890;  and  was  commis- 
sioned as  commander,  and  ordered  to  the 
Petrel;  and  it  was  while  in  that  command 
that  he  earned  the  highest  praise  of  Ad- 
miral Dewey.  Because  of  her  light  draught, 
Commander  Wood  saw  his  opportunity  to 
run  the  Petrel  close  inshore  off  the  en- 
trance to  the  harbor  at  Cavity  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Manila  Bay.  The  Spanish  ships  that 
remained  afloat  sought  shelter  under  the 
guns  of  the  forts,  and  Dewey's  ships  could 
not  get  at  them.  The  Petrel,  however, 
steamed  into  the  harboi'  entrance,  sank 
the  remaining  boats,  and   then  silenced  the 


HiSRRINGfeHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


757 


died  Doc.    11,   1899,   in 


^\'a.shi^g- 


Pa.      He    became    a 


forts.     Ill' 
ton.  D.C. 

Wood,  Edwin  Orrin,  editor,  author,  iii- 
siuaiue  man.  was  born  Oct.  29,.  ISCil,  in 
C.'oodrich,  Midi.  He  attended  the  Cioodrieh 
and  Saginaw  high  scliools.  For  t-wclve 
years  he  was  a  commercial  traveler;  and 
in  '1893-97  lie  was  special  agent  for  the 
United  States  treasury.  In  1904  he  was 
president  of  the  National  fraternal  press 
association;  in  1905  president  of  tlie  Na- 
tional fraternal  congress;  in  1904  cliairnian 
of  tlie  democratic  state  central  committee 
of  ^licliigan;  in  1908  a  member  of  the  dem- 
ocratic national  committee,  and  later  a 
member  of  the  executive  committee.  He 
is  president  of  the  Insurance  company  of 
the  loyal  guard,  a  fraternal  beneficiary  so- 
ciety. He  is  also  editor  of  the  Loyal  Guard 
magazine;  and  is  the  autiior  of  History  of 
^lackinac  I>;land  and  Northern  IMichigan. 
Wood,  Ernest  Edward,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Aug.  24,  1875,  in  Chico,  Cal. 
He  was  educated  in  the  Stockton  high 
school;  and  at  the  United  States  militar}"^ 
academy.  Since  1897  he  has  practiced  law 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  In  1905  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Missouri  to  the  fifty-ninth 
congress  as  a  democrat,  but  his  seat  was 
successfulh'^  contested.  He  is  a  captain  in 
the   ^lissouri   national  guard. 

Wood,  Fernando,  merchant,  congressman, 
was    born    June    14,    1812,    in    Philadelphia, 

shipping  merchant  of 
New  York  City.  Tn 
1854-59  he  was  may- 
or of  New  York  City. 
In  1857  a  serious  riot 
occurred  when  the 
state  legislature  de- 
prived the  mayor  of 
all  control  of  the  po- 
lice. In  1861  lie  rec- 
ommended that  New 
York  secede  and  be- 
come a  free  city.  In 
1841-4.3,  1863-65  and 
1867-81  he  was  a  rep- 
lescntative  from  New  York  to  the  twenty- 
.seventh,  thirty-eighth,  fortieth,  forty-first, 
forty-second,  forty-third,  forty-fourth,  for- 
ty-fifth and  forty-sixth  congresses.  He 
died   Feb.    14.   188L   in   Washington,  D.C. 

Wood,  Francis  Asbury,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  17.  1859,  at  Point  Bluff, 
Wis.  In  1897-1903  he  was  professor  of 
(.'erman  at  Cornell  college  of  Iowa;  and  is 
now  a  professor  of  the  university  of  Chi- 
cago. He  is  tlie  author  of  Color  Names 
and   Their  Congi-ners. 

Wood,  George,  lawver.  was  born  Jan.  17. 
17M9.  in  Ciiostcrficld.  N.Y.  In  1831  he  went 
to  New  York  City,  where  he  took  a  high 
rank  among  lawyers,  and  he  was  engaged 
in  chief  cases  not  only  there  but  throiigh- 
rut  the  United  States.  He  died  :\larch  ^7 
iSr.O.    in    Vcw   York   City. 

Wood,  George,  aiithor,  was  born  in  1799 
in    Xewburyport,   Mass.     He   was   a    treas- 


ury clerk  at  \\'asliington.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Peter  Schmeil  in  America;  The 
Modern  Pilgrim;  IMarrying  Too  Late;  and 
Future  Life,  reissued  in  1869  as  The  Gates 
\^'id^  Open.  He  died  March  17,  1870,  in 
New    York  City. 

Wood,  George  Bacon,  physician,  educator, 
author,  was  boni  March  13,  1797,  in  Green- 
wich, N.J.  He  was  a  Philadelphia  physi- 
cian; and  medical  professor  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  .1835-60.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Dispensatory  of  tbc 
United  States;  The  Practice  of  Medicine; 
Therapeutics  and  Pharmacology;  Introduc- 
tory Lectures  and  Addresses  on  Medical 
Subjects;  History  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania;  and  Lives  of  S.  G.  jNIorton, 
F.  Bache.  He  died  March  30,  1879,  in  Phil- 
fidelpliia,   Pa. 

Wood,  George  T.,  soldier,  congressman, 
governor.  He  was  appointed  major  of  Geor- 
gia tliree  months'  volunteers  in  the  Creek 
war  in  1836;  was  colonel  of  the  second 
Texas  regiment  of  mounted  volunteers  in 
the  Mexican  war;  and  was  distinguished  at 
tlie  storming  of  Monterey.  He  was  after- 
wards member  of  the  Texas  congress;  and 
was  the  second  governor  of  Texas  in  1847- 
49.  He  died  Sept.  5,  1858,  on  Trinitv  River, 
Texas. 

Wood,  Henry,  merchant,  author,  was 
born  Jan.  16,  1834,  in  Barre,  Vt.  He  was 
educated    in    the    Barre    academy;    and    in 

1854  graduated  from 
a  commercial  college 
of  Boston,  Mass.     In 

1855  he  emigrated  to 
/i    _ .        j^^B          the     Avest,     began     a 

successful  career  in 
Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa, 
whence  he  removed 
to  Chicago,  111.  After 
ten  years,  owing  to 
ill  health,  lie  retired 
from  the  active 
wholesale  trade  in 
which  he  has  been 
engaged,  and  removed  to  Boston  in  1882. 
In  1899- 1900  he  was  president  of  the 
Metapliys  dub  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  has 
been  a  member  and  oflicer  in  various  eth- 
ical, philosophical  and  humanitarian  asso- 
ciations. He  is  the  author  of  Natural  Law 
in  the  {business  World;  Edward  Burton,  a 
novel;  (iod's  Image  in  Man;  Ideal  Sug- 
gestions; The  Political  Economy  of  Natural 
Law:  Studi<'s  in  the  Thought  World;  Vic- 
tor Serenus.  Story  of  the  Pauline  Era; 
The  Political  Economy  of  Humanism;  The 
Symphony  of  Life;  the  New  Thought  Sim- 
plified: Arbitrary  Price-:\Iaking  Thought 
Forms  of  f,aw:  and  Life  .More  Abundant. 

Wood,  Henry  tlay,  soldier,  was  born  May 
2(i.  1,S,32.  in  Wintliroj).  Maine.  In  1,856  he 
was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
first  infantry  of  (lie  United  States  army: 
.served  through  the  civil  war;  and  attained 
<he  rank  of  major  in  1864.  Tn  1896  he 
was    retired    as   colonel;    and    in    1904    was 


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advanced  to   the   rank   of   brigadier-general 
in  the  United  States  army. 

Wood,  Horace  Gay,  hiwyer,  author,  was 
born  in  1831  in  \'ermont.  He  was  a  New 
Hampshire  lawyer;  and  practiced  in  New 
York  City  in  his  latest  years.  He  was  the 
author  of  The  Relation  of  Landlord  and 
Tenant;  Treatise  on  the  Law  of  Nuisances; 
Master  and  Servant;  The  Law  of  Fire  In- 
surance; Limitation  of  Actions  at  Law  and 
in  Equity;  On  the  Statute  of  Frauds;  The 
Lav.-  of  Railroads;  and  Legal  Remedies  of 
Mandamus  and  Prohibition.  He  died  in 
1803   in  New  York  City. 

Wood,  Horatio,  Curtis,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  13,  1841,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  has  been  a  professor  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  since  1866.  He  is 
president  of  the  college  of  physicians  of 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Phalangidae  of  the  United  States;  Re- 
searches upon  American  Hemp;  Brain 
Work  and  Overwork;  On  Fever;  Nervous 
Diseases  and  their  Diagnosis;  Thermic  Fe- 
ver,  or   Sunstroke;    and   Therapeutics. 

Wood,  Hudson  A.,  soldier,  educator,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  May  10,  1841,  in 
Smyrna,  N.Y.  He  has  taught  mathematics 
in  academies,  normal  and  scientific  schools; 
and  in  1888-89  tauglit  in  Stevens  school  of 
Hoboken,  N.J.  He  is  the  author  of  Trig- 
onometry:   and    Short   Cuts   in   Arithmetic. 

Wood,  Ira  Wells,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, was  born  June  10,  1856,  in  Wilkes- 
Barre.  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  Model 
school  of  Trenton,  N.J.;  and  received  the 
degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M.  from  Princeton 
university.  Since  1880  he  has  been  coun- 
sellcr-at-iaw.  For  two  terms  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Trenton  board  of  education; 
in  1896-1900  he  was  a  member  of  the  Tren- 
ton common  council;  was  president  of  the 
Trenton  board  of  trade;  and  in  1899-1900 
was  a  member  of  the  general  assembly  of 
New  Jersey.  In  1903-11  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey  to  the  fifty- 
eighth,  fifty-ninth,  sixtieth  and  sixty-first 
congresses    as    a    republican. 

Wood,  Irving  Francis,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  27,  1861,  in  Walton,  N.Y. 
In  1885-89  he  was  a  teached  in  Jaffna  col- 
lege; and  since  1893  has  been  professor 
biblical  literature  and  comparative  religion 
in  the  Smith  college  at  Northampton,  Mass. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Spirit  of  God  in 
Biblical  Literature;  Adult  Classes  and 
How  to  Conduct  Them;  The  Bible  Story; 
The  Early  Days  of  Israel;  and  other  works. 

Wood,  Isaac,  ohysician,  founder,  was  born 
Aug.  21,  1793,  in  Clinton,  N.Y.  He  was  for 
twenty-five  years  one  of  the  most  active 
managers  of' the  New  York  institution  for 
tlie  blind;  was  one  of  the  founders  and 
subsequently  president  of  the  Society  for 
the  relief  of  tlie  widows  and  orphans  of 
physicians;  and  was  a  founder  and  twice 
president  of  the  New  Vork  academy  of 
medicine.  He  died  March  25,  1868,  in  Nor- 
walk.  Conn. 


Wood,  James,  soldier,  governor,  was  born 
in  1750  in  Virginia.  He  was  a  colonel  of 
tlie  Virginia  militia  in  1776.  He  was  lieu- 
tenajit-governor  and  a  member  of  the  ex- 
ecutive council  of  Virginia;  and  was  the 
fourth  governor  in  1796-99.  A  cQ.unty  in 
Virginia  was  named  for  him,  to  commemo- 
rate his  patriotic  services.  He  died  <>iily 
16.   1813,   in   Olney,  Va. 

Wood,  James,  clergyman,  educator,  col- 
lege president,  author,  was  born  July  12, 
1799,  in  Greenfield,  N.Y.  In  1839-51  he 
was  professor  in  the  theological  seminary 
of  the  northwest;  and  in  1859-66  was  pres- 
ident of  Hanover  college  of  Indiana.  He 
was  the  author  of  Old  and  New  Theology; 
Treatise  on  Baptism;  Call  to  the  Sacred 
Office;  The  Best  Lesson  and  the  Best  Time; 
The  Gospel  Fountain;  and  Grace  and  Glory. 
He  died  April  7,  1867,  in  Hightstown,  N.J. 

Wood,  James,  soldier,  was  born  in  New- 
York.  In  1862  he  was  colonel  in  one  hun- 
dred and  thirty-sixth  regiment  New  York 
inianlry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  bri- 
gadier-general and  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
in   1865. 

Wood,  James  Graven,  educator,  obstetri- 
cian, author,  was  born  Jan.  11,  1858,  in 
Wood  county,  Ohio.  In  1885-95  he  was 
professor  of  obstetrics  in  the  university  of 
Ixlichigan;  and  since  1895  has  filled  the 
cliair  of  gynecology  in  the  Cleveland  ho- 
imeopathic  medical  college.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  a   textbook  of  Gynecology. 

Wood,  James  Frederic,  clergyman,  arch- 
bishop, was  born  April  27.  1813.  in  Phila- 
delphia. Pa.  He  was  a  Roman  catholic  arch- 
bishop of  Pennsylvania.  He  died  June  20, 
1883.  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wood,  James  R.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  in  1843  in  Auburn,  N.Y.  In  1876-78 
he  was  assistant  superintendent  of  the  Bur- 
linston  and  Missouri  river  railroad ;  and 
since  1903  has  been  passenger  traffic  manager 
of  the  Chicago.  Burlington  and  Quincy  rail- 
road. 

Wood,  James  Rushmore,  physician,  sur- 
geon, was  born  Sept.  14.  1816.  in  Mama- 
roneck,  N.Y.  In  1847  he  began  to  collect  ma- 
terial with  the  intention  of  founding  a  mu- 
seum. This  collection  now  constitutes  the 
Woods  museum  of  New  York  City,  the  grand- 
est monument  ever  erected  to  any  surgeon 
in  America.  He  died  May  4.  1882,  in  New 
York  City. 

Wood,  Mrs.  Jean  Moncure,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1754  in  Virginia.  She  was  the 
wife  of  James  Wood,  who  was  governor  of 
Virginia  in  1796-99.  She  was  the  author  of 
Flowers  and  Weeds  of  the  Old  Dominion,  a 
volume  of  poems.  She  died  in  1823  in  Vir- 
ginia. 

Wood,  John,  litterateur,  author,  was  born 
in  1775  in  Scotland.  He  came  to  America  in 
1800:  and  settled  in  Richmond.  Va.  He  was 
the  author  of  General  View  of  the  History 
of  Switzerland  ;  and  History  of  the  Admin- 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


(59 


istiation  of  John  Adams.    He  died  iu  May, 
1822,  in  liiclimond,  Va. 

Wood,  John,  soldier,  state  senator,  gov- 
ernor, was  horn  Dec.  20,  1798,  in  Moravia, 
N.Y.  In  1819  he  moved  to  Illinois;  and  in 
1822  built  the  first  cabin  on  the  site  of  the 
present  city  of  Quincy.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1850-54 ;  was  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Illinois  in  1856 ;  and  in 
1860-61  was  acting  governor.  He  served 
through  the  civil  war.  He  died  June  4,  1880, 
in  (Quincy,  III. 

Wood,  John,  manufacturer,  congressman, 
was  born  iu  1816  in  Philadelphia,  I'a.  In 
1859-61  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  thirty-sixth  congress.  He  died 
in  I'ennsylvania. 

Wood,  John  Archart,  coal  operator,  was 
born  Feb.  28.  1831.  in  I'ittsburg.  Pa.  In 
1857  he  purchased  his  first  steamboat ;  and 
began  the  shipment  of  coal  on  the  Ohio  and 
Mississippi  rivers.  In  1857-77  he  was  a  mem- 
ber and  in  1877  purchased  the  entire  control 
of  a  coal  mining  and  shipping  firm  of  I'enn- 
sylvania. 

Wood,  John  J.,  congressman,  was  born  in 
Rockwell  connty.  N.Y.  In  1827-29  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
tieth congress.    He  died  in  New  Y'ork. 

Wood,  John  J.,  lawyer,  was  born  Feb.  13, 
1859,  in  Neshkoro.  ^Vis.  He  is  one  of  the 
foremost    lawyers   of    Wisconsin    at    Berlin ; 

has  been  city  attorney, 
supervisor  and  school 
c  o  m  m  i  s  sioner,  and 
served  with  distinc- 
tion as  mayor  of  his 
city.  In  1896  he  was 
a  delegate  from  the 
sixth  congressional  dis- 
trict of  Wisconsin  to 
the  democratic  na- 
tional convention  at 
Chicago.  He  takes  an 
active  part  in  the  pub- 
lic affairs  of  his  city, 
county  and  siatf.  and  is  a  member  of  sev- 
eral fraternal  orders. 

Wood,  John  M.,  railroad  constructor,  leg- 
islator, (onuri'ssman.  was  born  Nov.  18.  1813, 
in  Minisink.  N.Y.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
legislature  of  Maine;  and  was  for  years  occu- 
pied as  a  constructor  of  railroads  and  other 
public  works.  In  1855-59  he  was  a  repre- 
.seutative  from  Maine  to  the  thirty-fourth  and 
thirty-fifth  congresses.  He  died  Dec.  24,  1864. 
in  T?<>ston.  M;iss. 

Wood,  John  Robertson,  business  presi- 
dent, banker,  was  born  June  4,  1845.  in  Can- 
ada. He  received  a  thorough  education,  and 
has  attained  success  in  business  alTairs  at 
.\pi)leton.  Wis.  ."Since  its  organization  in 
1887  he  has  been  president  of  tlio  First  na- 
tional bank   of  Iron   Mountain.   Mich. 

Wood,  John  Seymour,  lawyer,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  1.  1853,  in  T'tica.  N.Y. 
He  is  a  lawyi'r  of  N<'w  York  City  ;  and  (Mlitnr 
of  The  Hafhclor  of  Arts.  He  is  the  author 
of  Gramercy   Park,   a  story  of   New  York ; 


College  Days,  or  Harry's  Career  at  Y'ale ; 
Y^ale  Y'arns ;  A  Coign  of  Vantage ;  An  Old 
Beau,  and  Other  Stories ;  and  A  Daughter 
of  Venice. 

Wood,  Joseph,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  in  PtMuisylvania,  Pa.  He  entered  the 
revolutionary  army  as  major  of  second  I'enn- 
sylvania  regimont  ;  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
colonel.  III.  1777-79  he  was  a  delegate  from 
Georgia  to  the  continental  congress.  He  died 
in   :\Iar(h.  1789,   in   Simbury,  Ga. 

Wood,  Mrs.  Julia  Anna  A.,  journalist, 
author,  poet,  was  born  April  13.  1825.  in 
New  London,  N.H.  In  1849  she  married  Will- 
iam Wood,  a  lawyer 
and  journalist.  Two 
years  later  she  moved 
lo  Sauk  Rapids,  Minn., 
where  Mr.  Wood  was 
appointed  United 
States  receiver  of  pub- 
lic moneys.  Her  hus- 
band also  here  estab- 
lished the  Sauk  Rap- 
ids New  Era,  the  lit- 
erary department  of 
which  was  edited  by 
"  Mrs.   Wood.     She   has 

been  a  widow  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century,  and  now  publishes  the  Sauk  Rapids 
Free  I'ress  in  conjunction  with  her  son.  She 
is  the  author  of  The  Heart  of  Myrrha  Lake; 
The  Brown  House  of  Duflield,  Hubert's 
Wife;  Strayed  from  the  Fold;  From  Error 
to  Truth  :  and  other  works. 

Wood,  Leonard,  soldier,  physician,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  Oct.  9,  1860,  in  Winchester, 
N.I  I.  He  attended  Pierce  academy  of  Middle- 
boro.  :Mass.  ;  graduated  from  the  Harvard 
medical  school  as  M.I). ;  and  has  received 
the  honorary  degree  of  LL.D.  from  Harvard 
university,  Williams  college  and  the  univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania.  In  1886  he  was  ap- 
pointed assistant  surgeon  in  the  Ignited 
States  army;  served  through  various  grades; 
in  1898  was  promoted  brigadier-general  for 
services  at  Las  Guasimas  and  San  Juan  hill; 
in  1898  was  made  major-general  ;  in  1899 
was  honorably  discharged  from  volunteer 
service;  in  18i)I)  became  brigadier  and  major- 
general  of  volunteers;  and  in  1903  was  ap- 
I)ointed  major-general  in  the  I'nited  States 
army,  lie  was  awarded  a  medal  of  honor 
for  .services  in  1886.  In  1899-1902  he  was 
military  jioverrior  of  Cuba  ;  and  since  1903 
has  boon  on  duty  in  the  Philipi)ine  islands. 
In  1903-06  he  was  goveiiior  of  Moro  i)rov- 
ince;  and  in  1906-08  commanded  the  Philip- 
jiiiies  division. 

Wood,  Lydia  Collins,  author,  was  born 
April  1.  1845.  in  Pliiladel|)hia,  Pa.  She  is 
the  author  of  The  Haydock's  Testimony;  A 
Missionary  Penny;  and  For  .V  Free  Con- 
science. 

Wood,  Marcus  L.,  carpenter.  ])ublic  of- 
ficial, was  born  March  6.  1851,  in  Ohio.  Iler- 
kiiner  county.  N.Y.  He  received  his  educa- 
tion :it  the  district  school,  at  the  high  school 
and  an  academy.    lentil  1880  he  was  engaged 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


in  farming ;  then  became  a  carpenter ;  and 
for  nine  years  was  foreman  in  the  West 
Shore  railroad  shops.  He  is  now  postmaster 
at  Frankfort,  2v\y. ;  and  has  tilled  several 
positions  of  trust  and  honor. 

Wood,  Marshall  William,  soldier,  physi- 
cian, surgeon,  was  born  June  3,  1846,  in 
Watertowu,  N.Y.  He  was  educated  at  Belle- 
ville Union  academy  ;  Rush  medical  college ; 
and  received  the  degree  of  A.M.  from  Bow- 
doin  university.  Until  1902  he  was  a  medical 
otBcer  in  the  United  States  army;  then  re- 
tired ;  and  is  now  engaged  in  mining.  He 
has  been  surgeon  in  the  United  States  army  ; 
president  of  the  Idaho  state  medical  society  ; 
has  received  all  the  degrees  of  Masonry  ;  and 
belongs  to  all  the  patriotic  societies.  Since 
1904  he  has  held  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  United  States  army;  is  now 
on  the  retired  list. 

Wood,  Mary  Elizabeth,  educator,  was 
born  May  30,  1854,  in  Forestville,  Iowa.  She 
received  the  rudiments  of  her  education  in 
the  country  schools ;  and  studied  at  Oska- 
loosa  medical  college,  at  Cornell  urfiversity, 
at  the  Bennett  medical  college  and  at  the 
Chicago  university.  She  has  filled  the  chair 
of  natural  sciences  at  Oskaloosa  college  of 
Iowa;  and  was  assistant  principal  at  the 
college  for  the  blind  at  Vinton,  Iowa.  She 
is  now  superintendent  of  the  South  Dakota 
school  for  the  blind  ;  dean  of  women  of  the 
Oklahoma  christian  university  ;  and  has  con- 
trilmted  extensively  to  educational  literature. 
Wood,  Mrs.  Mary  Knight,  musician,  com- 
poser, was  born  April  7,  1859,  in  Easthamp- 
ton,  :\Iass.  She  is  the  composer  of  about 
fiftv  published  songs. 

Wood,  Nathan  E.,  educator,  clergyman, 
theological  president,  author,  was  born  June 
6.  1849.  in  Forrestville.  N.Y.    In  1875-77  he 

was  pastor  of  the  Cen- 
tennial baptist  church 
of  Chicago,  111.;  and 
in  1877-84  he  was  prin- 
cipal of  Way  land  acad- 
emy of  Wisconsin.  He 
then  filled  pastorates 
in  Chicago,  Brooklyn, 
and  at  the  first  bap- 
tist church  of  Boston. 
Mass. ;  and  since  1899 
has  been  pi-esident  of 
the  Newton  theological 
institute  at  Newton 
Center,  Mass.  He  also  fills  the  chair  of 
christian  theology  in  that  institution.  He  is 
the  author  of  History  of  Ihe  First  Baptist 
Church  of  Boston,  Mass. 

Wood,  Oliver,  soldier,  w\as  born  in  New 
York.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  in  the 
twenty-second  regiment  Ohio  infantry;  and 
in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers.    Ho  died  in  Ohio. 

Wood,  Oliver  Ellsworth,  soldier,  was 
born  June  6,  1844,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In 
1862  he  enlisted  as  u  ^n-ivate  soldier.  _  In 
1863-67  ho  was  a  student  in  the  United 
States  military  academy  ;  and  in  1869  grad- 


uated from  the  artillery  school.  In  1870  he 
became  first  lieutenant ;  in  1896  became  cap- 
tain ;  served  through  other  grades ;  and  in 
1906  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  brigadier- 
general  and  retired  at  his  own  request. 

Wood;  Palmer  Gaylord,  soldier,  was  born 
June  2.  1843,  in  New  York.  In  1864  he  was 
eommissioued  second  lieutenant  in  the  sev- 
enth regiment  California  volunteer  infantry  ; 
in  1867  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  in  the 
United  States  army ;  and  in  1906  was  re- 
tired with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general. 

Wood,  Reuben,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  senator,  diplomat,  governor,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1792  in  Rutland  county, 
Vt.  He  served  as  captain  of  the  Vermont  vol- 
unteers in  the  w-ar  of  1812.  After  the  civil 
war  he  moved  to  Cleveland,  Ohio ;  and  was  a 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1825-28.  He 
was  president  judge  of  the  third  district  of 
the  state  in  1830-33  ;  and  was  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Ohio  in  1833-45.  He  was 
the  nineteenth  governor  of  Ohio  in  1850-53. 
He  was  appointed  United  States  consul  .to 
Valparaiso  in  1853.  He  died  Oct.  2,  1864, 
in  Rockport,  Ohio. 

Wood,  Robert  Williams,  educator,  author, 
was  born  May  2,  1868,  in  Concord,  Mass. 
He  was  assistant  proiessor  of  physics  in  the 
university  of  Wisconsin ;  and  is  now  pro- 
fessor of  experimental  physics  in  the  Johns 
Hopkins  university  of  Baltimore,  Md.  He  is 
the  author  of  Physical  Optics ;  and  How  to 
Tell  the  Birds  from  the  Flowers. 

Wood,  Samuel  Fletcher,  lawyer,  state  sen- 
ator, was  born  March  3,  1835,  in  Covington, 
Ind.  In  1862-68  he  was  prosecuting  attorney 
for  his  judicial  district;  and  attained  repu- 
tation as  the  greatest  criminal  lawyer  in  the 
west.  In  1868  he  was  elected  to  the  state 
senate  of  Ohio.  He  died  May  27,  1899,  in 
Covington,  Ind. 

Wood,  Mrs.  Sarah  Sayward,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1759  in  Massachusetts. 
She  was  the  author  of  Duval;  Ferdinand 
and  Almira  ;  Amelia,  or  the  Influence  of  Vir- 
tue :  Tales  of  the  Night ;  and  The  Illuminat- 
ed Baron.  She  died  in  1855  in  Massachu- 
setts. 

Wood,  Silas,  congressman,  author,  was_^ 
born  in  1769  in  Suffolk  county,  N.Y.  In  1819- 
29  he  was  a  representative  from  New  York 
to  the  sixteenth,  seventeenth,  eighteenth, 
nineteenth  and  twentieth  congresses.  He  was 
the  author  of  a  History  of  Long  Island.  He 
died  March  2.  1847.  in  Huntington,  L.I. 

Wood,  Thomas  J.,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  30,  1844,  in 
Athens  county.  Ohio.  He  was  educated  in 
the  high  schools  of  Terre  Haute,  Ind.;  and 
in  1868  graduated  from  the  law  department 
of  the  Michigan  state  university.  From  1869 
he  practiced  law  in  Crown  Point,  Ind.;  for 
four  years  was  state's  attorney  ;  and  was  al- 
wavs"  prominently  identified  with  the  demo- 
cratic party.  For  four  years  he  was  a  mera- 
bor  of  the  Indiana  state  senate ;  and  in  1881- 
83  was  a  representative  from  Indiana  to  the 


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forty-eighth  congress  as  a  democrat.  He  was 
much  talked  of  as  a  favorite  for  the  presi- 
dential candidacy ;  and  had  the  Alton  B. 
Parker  movoment  failed  on  the  fi_rst  ballot, 
Mr.  Wood's  name  would  have  been  placed 
before  the  convention,  and  he  would  have 
received  thirty-nine  votes  on  the  next  ballot. 
He  died  in  1909  in  Crown  Point,  Ind. 

Wood,  Thomas  John,  soldier,  was  born 
Sept.  25,  1S23,  in  Munfordville,  Ky.  In  1845 
lie  graduated  from  the  United  States  military 

academy  ;  was  assigned 
to  the  topographical 
engineers ;  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  second 
dragoons,  becoming  a 
second  lieutenant  in 
1846.    He  took  part  in 


the  war  with  Mexico; 
served  in  Kansas  dur- 
ing the  border  trou- 
hlo>;,  and  in  1861  be- 
came brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.  He  was 
present  at  the  battles 
of  Chickamanga  and  Missionary  Ridge,  and 
in  18G4  was  severely  wounded.  In  1865  ho 
was  promoted  major-general  of  volunteers. 
He  received  the  brevet  of  first  lieutenant, 
T'nited  States  army,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious conduct  in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista  ; 
that  of  brigadier-general  for  Chickamanga, 
and  major-general  for  Nashville.  About  1886 
he  was  retired  from  active  service.  He  died 
in  1906  in  Howell,  Mich. 

Wood,  Thomas  Waterman,  portrait  and 
figure  painter,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1823,  in 
Montpelier.  Vt.  In  1871  he  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  National  academy  of  design.  In 
1878-87  he  was  president  of  the  American 
Water-Color  society ;  in  1879-91  was  vice- 
president  of  the  National  Academy  of  De- 
sign ;  and  president  of  that  institution  in 
1891-99.  He  died  April  14.  1903,  in  New 
York    City. 

Wood,  Walter  Abbott,  manufacturer, 
congressman,  was  born  Oct.  23,  1815,  in  Ma- 
son, N.H.  Ho  removed  to  New  York  and 
engaged  largely  in  manufacturing  reapers. 
In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative  from  New 
York  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Jan.  15, 
1802.  in  Tlodsick  Falls.  N.Y. 

Wood,  William,  colonist,  founder,  author, 
was  born  in  1580  in  England.  He  was  a  pur- 
itan colonist  who  came  to  New  England  in 
1629.  He  founded  the  town  of  Sandwich, 
Mass.  He  was  the  author  of  New  England's 
Prospect,  a  descriptive  work  partly  in  verse. 
He  died  in  1639  in  Sandwich,  Mass. 

Wood,  William,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  lfi84 
ho  was  an  associiite  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Penusylvnuin. 

Wood,  William  Allen,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  25,  1874,  in  Covington,  Ind. 
He  is  a  corporation  attorney  of  Indianapolis, 
Ind.  He  is  the  .nuthor  of  Modern  Business 
Corporations. 

Wood,    William    Burke,    actor,   was    horn 


May  26,  1779,  in  Canada.  He  was  a  noted 
actor  and  theatrical  manager  of  Baltimore 
and  I'lilladelphia.  He  was  the  author  of 
l*cr.sonal  IlecoUections  of  the  Stage.  He 
died   Sept.  23,   1861.   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wood,  William  Converse,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1839  in  Massachusetts. 
He  is  the  author  of  Five  Problems  of  State 
and  Ivcligion  ;  and  Heaven  Once  a  Week. 

Wood,  William  D.,  soldier,  was  born  in 
Ohio.  In  1863  he  was  colonel  in  the  eleventh 
regiment  Missouri  cavalry  ;  and  in  1865  was 
hrevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
died  Feb.  2.  1867. 

Wood,  William  Dixon,  lawyer,  jurist, 
islate  senator,  was  born  Doc.  1.  1858,  in  I\Iar- 
in  (ounty,  Cal.  In  1885-86  he  was  probate 
judge  of  King  county.  Wash. ;  and  in  1889 
became  state  senator;  in  1893-95  was  regent 
of  the  university  of  Washington;  and  in 
1896-97  was  mayor  of  Seattle. 

Wood,  William  H.  S.,  publisher,  banker, 
author,  was  born  in  1840  in  New  York  City. 
lu  1863  he  became  a  partner  in  the  publish- 
ing house  of  his  father,  William  Wood  ;  and 
at  his  father's  death  became  head  of  the 
lirm,  which  institution  still  exists  in  the 
hands  of  the  fourth  generation  from  the 
founder,  Samuel  Wood,  the  grandfather  of 
the  subject  of  this  sketch.  For  twelve  years 
he  was  manager  of  the  American  bible  so- 
ciety. He  is  the  founder  and  proprietor  of 
the  Medical  Record  of  New  York  City  ;  and 
in  1903  became  president  of  the  Bowery  sav- 
ings bank  of  New  York  City.  He  died  in 
1907  in  New  York  City. 

Wood,  William  Henry  Sigel,  educator, 
lawyer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1858,  in 
(Joodrich,  Mich.  For  ten  years  he  was  en- 
gaged in  educational  work;  was  in  the  rail- 
way mail  service  in  1885,  a  civil  service 
clerk  in  the  postoflice  department  of  Wash- 
ington during  1885-90.  In  1891  he  was 
clerk  of  the  Michigan  state  board  of  audi- 
tors; in  1892  superintendent  of  the  Michigan 
state  rd'orni  scliool  :  in  1893  superintendent 
Michigan  state  industrial  school  for  boys; 
and  in  1897-1900  was  <;ircuit  court  commis- 
sioner of  Livingston  county.  Mich.  In  1900 
he  was  tlie  democratic  candidate  for  congress. 
He  is  the  author  of  Rouslaliouls  ;  and  sever- 
al law  rejjorts. 

Wood,  William  Moxwell,  naval  surgeon, 
author,  was  born  May  27,  1809,  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  In  1869-71  he  was  surgeon-general  of 
the  navy;  and  chief  of  the  bureau  of  medi- 
cine and  surgery.  He  was  the  author  of 
Wanrlering  Sketches;  A  Shoulder  to  the 
Wheel  of  Progress;  Hints  to  the  People  on 
the  Profession  of  Medicine;  and  Fankwei. 
or  the  San  Jacinto  in  the  Seas  of  India, 
China  and  Japan.  He  died  March  1,  1880, 
in    Baltiiimre    county.    Md. 

Wood,  William  Maxwell,  naval  onTicer, 
inventor,  author,  was  born  March  9.  1850, 
in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  patented  a  boat-de- 
taching api)aratus,  which  was  adopt,ed  in  the 
T'nitecl  States  luivy  and  merchant  service. 
He   was   the   author  of   an   article   on    Life- 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Boats  and  Boat-Detaching  Apparatus.  He 
died  in  1897. 

Wood,  William  Willis  Wiley,  naval  engi- 
neer, was  born  JMay  30,  1818,  in  Wake  coun- 
ty, N.C.  During  tlie  civil  war  be  ren- 
dered valuable  services  on  special  duty  con- 
nected with  the  steam  engineering  service 
at  the  navy-yards  in  New  York,  I'hiladelphia 
and  Boston.  He  was  the  liead  of  the  de- 
partment of  steam  engineering  at  the  naval 
academy  in  1866-67  ;  chief  engineer  of  the 
New  York  navy-yard  in  1868-69  ;  inspector  of 
machinery  afloat  in  1870-72  ;  and  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  steam  engineering  in  1872-77.  He 
was  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  United  States 
steam  navy,  and  held  the  relative  rank  of 
commodore.  He  died  Aug.  31,  1882,  neai- 
Juthmd,    Md. 

Wood,  Allen  Mary,  physician,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Oct.  19.  1841,  in  Delta, 
Ohio.  She  was  founder,  publisher,  and  editor 
of  the  New  Crusade;  and  is  now  editor  of 
American  Motherhood.  She  is  the  author 
of  Man  Wonderful  in  House  Beautiful ;  Al- 
most a  Man  ;  Ideal  Married  Life ;  and  oth- 
er works. 

Woodard,  Charles  T.,  lawyer,  jurist. 
Since  1907  he  has  been  an  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  judicial  court  of  Maine. 

Woodard,  Frederick  A.,  banker,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1854,  in  W^il- 
sou  county,  N.C.  In  17873  he  began  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  in  Wilson,  N.C.  He 
was  vice-president  .of  the  First  national  bank 
of  Wilson,  N.C.  In  1893-97  lie  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the  fif- 
ty-third and  fifty-fourth  congresses  as  a 
democrat. 

Woodberry,  George  Edward,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  12,  1855,  in  Beverly, 
Mass.  He  is  a  literary  critic  of  New  York 
City;  professor  of  literature  in  Columbia 
university  in  1891-1904  ;  and  editor,  with  B. 
C.  Steadman,  of  the  complete  works  of  Foe. 
He  has  also  edited  a  complete  edition  of 
Shelley,  with  Memoir  and  Notes.  He  is  the 
author  of  A  History  of  W^ood  Engraving ; 
The  Noi-th  Shore  Watch,  and  Other  Poems  ; 
Life  of  Edgar  Allan  Foe;  IJfe  of  James  Rus- 
sell Lowell ;  Studies  in  Letters  and  Life ; 
and  Creat  Writers. 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  Enoch,  lawj^er, 
state  legislature,  congressman,  was  born  Aug. 
29,  1819,  in  Vergennes,  Vt.  He  served  three 
years  in  the  Vermont  state  legislature  ;  two 
years  in  the  state  senate;  and  three  years 
as  state  auditor  In  1863-69  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Vermont  to  the  thirty- 
eighth,  thirty-ninth  and  fortieth  congresses 
as  a  republican.  He  died  April  26,  1888, 
in    ^'ergennes,    Xt. 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  James  Eugene,  ed- 
ucator, scientist,  author,  was  born  March 
26,  1867,  in  Canada.  Since  1902  lie  has  been 
professor  of  philosophy,  at  the  Columbian 
university  of  New  York  City.  He  is  editor 
of  the  Journal  of  Fhilosoi)hy,  Psyclmlogy  and 
Scientific   Methods;   and  of   the   Archives   of 


Fhilosophy.     He  is  the  author  of  Philosophy 
of  Hobbes. 

Woodbridge,  Luther  Dana,  educator,  pliy- 
sician,  lecturer,  author,  was  born  Dec.  27, 
1850,  in  I'ertli  Amboy,  N.J.     He  received  his 

education  in  the  Pin- 
gry  school  of  Eliza- 
beth, N.J. ;  graduated 
in  1872  from  the  AVill- 
iams  college  of  Will- 
iamstown,  Mass.,  from 
the  college  of  physi- 
cians and  surgeons  of 
New  York  City  in 
1877  ;  and  subsequent- 
ly from  the  medical 
department  of  the  Vi- 
enna universitj'.  In 
1872-73  he  was  a  tutor 
in  the  Fobert  college  of  Constantinople ; 
and  in  1877-79  was  house  physician  in  the 
Roosevelt  hospital  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  the  author  of  The  Syllabus  of  Lectures 
on  Anatomy  and  Physiology ;  a  pamphlet 
on  the  Abortive  Treatment  of  Typhoid  Fe- 
ver; and  other  works.  He  died  Nov.  3,  1899, 
in    Williamstown,    Mass. 

Woodbridge,  John,  clergyman,  was  born 
in  1614  in  England.  With  others  he  ne- 
gotiated the  purchase  from  tlie  Indians  of 
I  he  land  on  which  the  town  of  Andover  was 
built  and  was  chosen  the  first  minister  of 
the  place.  His  memory  is  preserved  in  the 
name  of  Woodbridge  island,  near  the  mouth 
of  the  IMerrimac  river.  He  is  the  progenitor 
of  all  the  American  Woodbridges.  He  died 
July  1,  1691,  in  Newbury,  ISIass. 

Woodbridge,  Samuel  Merrill,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  April  5,  1819,  in  Green- 
field, Mass.  He  was  a  clergyman  of  the 
Dutch  reformed  church;  and  professor  at  the 
theological  seminary  of  New  Brunswick. 
N.J.  He  was  the  author  of  Analysis  of 
Theology ;  Faith,  Its  True  Position  in  the 
Life  of  Man;  Analysis  of  Theology;  Manual 
of  Church  History  ;  and  Manual  of  Church 
Government.  He  died  in  1905  in  New 
Brunswick,   N.J. 

Woodbridge,  Timothy,  was  born  Jan.  13, 
1656,  in  England.  He  introduced  infant 
baptism  into  Connecticut  in  1696 ;  and  was 
one  of  the  ten  principal  ministers  of  Con- 
necticut colony  that  were  named  as  trus- 
tees and  authorized  by  the  general  assem- 
bly of  Connecticut  to  found  Yale  college 
in  1699.  He  was  an  active  member  of  the 
Saybrook  convention  in  1708.  He  was  the 
author  of  an  election  sermon  and  occasional 
poems.  He  died  April  30,  1732,  in  Hartford. 
Conn. 

Woodbridge,  William,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senatoi",  congressman,  governor,  TTnited 
States  senator,  was  born  Aug.  20,  1780,  in 
Norwich,  Conn.  In  1807  he  was  elected  to 
the  assembly  of  Ohio;  and  in  1808-14  was 
prosecuting  attorney  for  his  count.v.  During 
the  same  period  he  was  also  a  member  of  the 
state  senate.  In  1814  he  received  the  ap- 
pointment  of   secretary    of    the   territory    of 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


763 


Michigan,  and  removed  to  Detroit.  In  1819- 
20  he  was  a  representative  from  Miehinan 
to  the  sixteenth  congress ;  anil  in  1828-32  was 
chief  jnstice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Michi- 
gan territory.  In  1837  he  was  elected  to  the 
slate  senate  of  Michigan.  In  1840-41  he 
was  the  second  governor  of  Michigan  ;  and 
in  1841-47  he  was  United  States  senator. 
lie  died  Oct.  20.  1861.  in   Detroit.  Mich. 

Woodbridge,  William  Channing,  educator. 
iiullior.  was  burn  Dec.  18.  1794.  in  Medford. 
.Mass.  He  was  an  educator  of  llarlford, 
Conn.  lie  was  the  author  of  Universal  CJe- 
ography ;  ^lodern  School  (Jeography ;  and 
Letters  from  Hofwyl.  He  died  Nov.  9.  1845, 
in    Boston,    INIass. 

Woodbridge,  William  Reed,  clergyman, 
liiciilugian.  was  burn  Marcli  30,  1834,  m 
Marblehead,  Mass.  In  1865  he  was  or- 
dained deacon  ;  an<l  in  1867  accepted  the  rec- 
torship of  Saint  Michael's  church  of  Ver- 
gennes,  Vt.  He  was  a  member  of  the  school 
board  ;  and  served  as  secretary  of  the  board 
of  missions  of  the  diocese  of  .Vlbany,   N.Y. 

Woodburn,  Benjamin  l-raakiin,  clergy- 
man, college  presi(k'ut.  was  born  March  23. 
1832,  in  Alleglieny  county,  I'a.  Since  the 
opening  of  the  Allengheny  general  hospital  in 
1884  he  has  be(>n   its  president. 

Woodburn,  James  Albert,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  30,  1856.  in  Bloomington, 
Ind.  He  is  professor  of  American  history 
in  the  Indiana  university.  He  is  the  author 
of  Higher  Education  in  Indiana ;  Select 
Orations  of  Burke  and  Webster;  and  Rep- 
resentative American  Orations,  in  four  vol- 
umes. 

Woodburn,  William,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  in  1838  in  Ireland.  He  was  district 
attorney  of  Storey  county  in  1871-72.  In 
1875-77  and  1885-89  he  was  a  representative 
from  .Nevada  to  the  forty-fourtli,  forty-ninth 
anil  (iftietli  coMuresses  as  a  republican. 

Woodbury,  Augustus,  clergyman,  author, 
journalist.  leirislntor.  was  born  Dec.  4.  1825. 
in  Beverly.  Mass.  He  was  pastor  of  tiie 
unitarian  clinnh  in  1849-92,  when  he  retired. 
He  was  chaplain  during  the  civil  war.  lie 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Rhode  Island  leg- 
islature; and  for  many  years  was  engaged 
in  journalism.  He  was  the  author  of  I'lain 
Words  to  Voung  Men  ;  The  Second  Rhode 
Island  Regiment ;  and  Historical  Sketch  of 
IMiode  Island  Prisons  and  Jails,  his  principal 
works-.  He  died  Nov.  19,  189.").  in  Concord. 
\.H. 

Woodbury,  Charles  Herbert,  artist,  paint- 
er, was  born  .luly  14.  1864.  in  Lynn.  Mass. 
Some  of  his  most  important  pictures  are 
Mid  Oce.in;  A  Heavy  Sea;  The  dround 
Swell  :  .Maine  ("oast  ;  The  Uorest  ;  and  On  .\ 
Lee  Shore.  He  is  president  of  the  Boston 
water  color  clui). 

Woodbury,  Charles  J.,  journalist,  invest- 
or, author,  was  born  Seiit.  15.  1844,  in 
Beverly,  Mass.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  Jackson,  Mich.;  in  18(i2- 
(54  .ittended  Amherst  college;  and  in  1800 
graduated   from   Williams   college.     In    1872 


he  founded  and  publislied  the  Daily  Regis- 
ter in  Rockford,  111.;  and  since  1880  has 
interruptedly  been  a  correspondent  of  the 
New  York  Evening  Post.  He  has  contrib- 
uted many  articles  on  current  topics  and 
has  also  written  numerous  short  stories 
anil  editorial  notes.  He  is  an  extensive 
contributor  to  various  magazines.  He  is 
now  engaged  in  the  investment  b\isiness  in 
California. 

Woodbury,  Charles  Jeptha  Hill,  civil  en- 
gineer, inventor,  author,  was  born  May  4, 
1851.  in  Lynn.  INIass.     In  1894-1907  he  was 

assistant  engineer 
with  the  American 
Bell  telephone  com- 
p  a  n  y  of  Boston, 
^lass. ;  and  now  is  in 
business  for  himself  as 
a  consulting  engineer. 
He  is  the  author  of  a 
Fire  Protection  o  f 
!Mills;  and  has  con- 
tributed valuable 
articles  on  engineer- 
ing problems  to  cur- 
rent technical  jour- 
nals  and  standard   publications. 

Woodbury,  Charles  Levi,  lawyer,  jurist, 
author,  was  born  May  22,  1820,  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.II.  He  was  United  States  district 
attorney  for  Massachusetts  in  1858-61.  He 
edited,  with  George  Minot,  Reports  of  Cases 
Argued  and  Determined  in  the  Circuit  Court 
of  the  United  States  for  the  First  Circuit, 
containing  the  decisions  of  Judge  Levi  Wood- 
bury, in  three  volumes.  He  died  July  1, 
1898,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Woodbury,  Daniel  Phineas,  soldier,  au- 
tiior,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1812,  in  New  Lon- 
lion,  N.H.  He  was  a  general  in  the  federal 
army  during  the  civil  war.  He  was  author 
of  Sustaining  Walls:  and  Theory  of  the 
^rcli.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1804,  in  Key  West, 
Fla. 

Woodbury,  Ellen  Carolina  de  Quincy,  lit- 
terateur, author,  was  born  in  Portsn)outh, 
N.H.  She  has  been  vice-])resident  of  the 
national  society  of  colonial  dames  for  the 
District  of  Columbia.  She  is  the  author  of 
Dorotliy  (Quincy,  Wife  of  John  Hancock, 
with    invents  of  Her  Time. 

Woodbury,  Isaac  Baker,  journalist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  IS.  1819,  in  Beverly, 
.Mass.  He  edited  the  Musical  Review  and 
the  AInsieal  Pioneer  of  New  York  City. 
He  compiled  several  collections  of  church 
music  and  glee-books,  among  wliich  were 
(lie  A?itliem  Dulcimer;  Liber  Mnsicus; 
Willion's  (ilee-Hook:  Cultivation  of  the 
\  oice  Without  a  Master;  Self-Instructor  in 
Musical  Composition  and  Thorough  Bass; 
Singing-School  and  Music-Teacher's  Com- 
panion; and  the  Melodeon  and  Seraphine 
Instruction-Hook.  He  died  Oct.  20,  1858, 
in  Cidumbia,  S.C. 

Woodbury,  Levi,  lawyer,  jurist,  congress- 
man, governor.  United  States  senator,  cab- 


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HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Woodbury, 
ist;   was  born 
wick,  Maine. 


inet    officer,    was    born    Dec.    22,    1789,    in 

Francestown,  N  .  H  . 
In  1816  he  was  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the 
superior  court  of 
New  Hampshire;  and 
in  1819  settled  in 
Portsmouth.  In  1823- 
24  was  governor  of 
New  Hampshire.  In 
1825  he  was  speaker 
of  the  state  house  of 
representatives.  In 
1831-34  he  was  sec- 
retary of  the  navy; 
and  in  1834-41  he  was  secretary  of  the 
treasury.  In  1825-31  and  1841-45  he  was 
United  States  senator.  In  1845-51  was 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  Sept.  4,  1851,  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.H 

Marcia  Oakes,  painter.  art- 
June  20,  1865,  in  South  Ber- 
In  1900  she  exhibited  at  the 
Paris  exposition.  Her  principal  pictures 
are  Mother  and  Daughter;  The  Smoker; 
and  Boy  With   Boat. 

Woodbury,  Urban  Andrain,  soldier,  phy- 
sician, governor,  was  born  July  11,  1838, 
in  Acworth,  N.H.  In  1840  he  moved  to 
Vermont.  He  enlisted  in  company  H,  sec- 
ond regiment  Vermont  volunteers;  and  lost 
his  right  arm  at  Bull  Run.  In  1885-86  he 
was  mayor  of  Burlington,  Vt.  He  was  the 
fortieth  governor  of  the  state  of  Vermont 
in    1894-96. 

Woodcock,  Charles  Edward,  clergyman, 
bishop,  was  born  June  12,  1854,  in  New 
Britain,  Conn.  Since  1904  he  has  been  bish- 
op of  Kentucky. 

Woodcock,  David,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Berkshire  county, 
Mass.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
state  assembly  in  1814-15  and  1826.  In 
1821-23  and  1827-29  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  seventeenth 
and  twentieth  congresses.  He  died  in  New 
York. 

Woodford,  Arthur  Burnham,  educator, 
economist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  7,  1861, 
in  Winsted,  Conn.  Since  1897  he  has  been 
lecturer,  instructor  and  rector  at  the  Hop- 
kins grammar  school  of  New  Haven,  Conn. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Economic  Primer. 
Woodford,  M.  de  Witt,  railroad  presi- 
dent, was  born  Oct.  27,  1838,  at  Fredonia, 
N.Y.  He  has  been  president  of  the  Cleve- 
land, Lorain  and  Wheeling  railroad ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Wheeling  and  Lake  Erie  rail- 
road; and  president  of  the  Cincinnati, 
Kamilton    and   Dayton   railroad. 

Woodford,  Stewart  Lyndon,  soldier,  law- 
yer, diplomat,  congressman,  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor, was  born  Sept.  3,  1835,  in  New  York 
City.  He  was  appointed  assistant  attor- 
ney for  the  United  States  at  New  York 
in  1861.  He  enlisted  in  the  one  hundred 
and  twenty-seventh  regiment  N^w  York 
volunteers   in    1862;    was   promoted   to   the 


lieutenant-colonelcy  of  that  regiment;  and 
subsequently  colonel  and  brigadier -general. 
He  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  the 
state  of  New  York  in  1866.  He  was  elect- 
ed presidential  elector  at  large;  and  was 
president  of  the  electoral  college  in  1872. 
in  1873-75  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  forty-third  congress  as 
a  republican;  and  in  1897-98  was  United 
Slates  minister  to  Spain.  In  1907  he  was 
president  of  the  Hudson-Fulton  commis- 
sion. He  died  Feb.  14,  1913,  in  New  York 
City. 

Woodford,  William,  soldier,  was  born  in 
1735  in  Caroline  county,  Va.  He  was  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general  in  1777;  and  giv- 
en command  of  the  first  Virginia  brigade. 
He  died  Nov.  13,  1780,  in  New  York  City. 

Woodhouse,  James,  surgeon,  chemist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Nov.  17,  1770,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  In  1791  he  served  as  a  surgeon 
in  St.  Clair's  army.  In  1795-1809  he  filled 
ihe  chair  of  chemistry  in  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Young  Chemist's  Pocket  Companion;  Ex- 
periment and  Observations  on  the  Vegeta- 
tion of  Plants;  and  other  works.  He  died 
June  4,   1809,  in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WoodhuU,  Alfred  Alexander,  physician, 
surgeon,  author,  was  born  April  13,  1837, 
in  Princeton.  He  was  lieutenant-colonel; 
and  department  svu-geon -general  in  the 
United  States  army;  and  in  1904  was  ad- 
vanced to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  re- 
tired. He  is  the  author  of  Notes  on  Mili- 
tary Hygiene;  Studies  in  the  Non-Emetic 
Use  of  Ipecacuanha;  and  Personal  Hygiene. 

Woodhull,  George  S.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
]8(ifi  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
snpienie  court   of  New  Jersey. 

Woodhull,  John,  clergyman,  patriot,  was 
horn  Jan.  26,  1744,  in  Long  Island,  N.Y. 
In  1812  he  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
Princeton  theological  seminary.  While 
pastor  at  Leacock  in  1777  he  induced  all 
his  male  parishioners  to  shoulder  muskets 
for  Valley  Forge,  and  accompanied  them 
as  chaplain.  He  died  Nov.  22,  1824,  in 
Freeliold.  N.J. 

Woodhull,  John  Francis,  scientist,  author, 
was  born  July  2,  1857,  in  Westport,  N.Y. 
Since  1888  he  has  been  professor  of  phy- 
sical science  in  the  teachers'  college  of  Co- 
lumbia university  of  New  York  City.  He 
is  tlie  author  of  Physical  Nature  Study 
Library;  and  of  various  textbooks  on  Phy- 
sics and  Chemistry. 

Woodhull,  Nathaniel,  soldier,  author,  was 
born  Dec.  30,  1722,  in  Mastic,  N.Y.  He 
served  in  the  revolutionary  war.  He  wrote 
a  narrative  on  the  Montreal  Expedition. 
He  died  Sept.  10.  1776,  in  New  Utrecht, 
L.T. 

Woodhull,  Richard,  colonist,  was  born 
Sept.  13,  1620,  in  England.  In  1663  he 
represented  Brookhaven  at  the  general 
court  at  Hartford  in  an  effort  to  obtain 
aid  against  the  usurpations  of  tlie  Dutch. 
In    1666  he  was   appointed  one  of  the  jus- 


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766 


tices  of  the  court  of  assizes,  and  in  1673 
he  became  deputy  to  the  Dutch  commis- 
sioners in  New  York,  and  by  tliem  was 
commissioned  a  magistrate  for  Brookhavon. 
He  died  Oct.  17,   1(590,  in  Brookhaven,  N.Y. 

WoodhuU,  Zula  Maud,  scientist,  author. 
She  is  a  writer  on  scientific  and  sociolog- 
ical questions;  and  associate  editor  of  the 
Humanitarian.  (She  is  the  author  of  The 
Proposal,  a  dialogue;  and  Affinities,  a  play. 

Woodhull,   William,  clergyman,  was  born 

Dec.  3,  1741,  in  Miller's  Place,  N.Y.  He 
N\as  a  member  of  the  provincial  congress 
of  New  Jersey  which  met  at  Burlington 
in  1770;  deposed  Governor  William  Frank- 
lin, the  last  royal  governor;  and  framed 
the  first  constitution  of  New  Jersey,  and 
of  the  convention  that  met  at  Trenton  in 
1787.  and  adopted  the  United  States  con- 
stitution. He  died  Oct.  24,  1824,  in  Ches- 
ter. X.J. 

Woodlee,  L.  V.,  educator,  lawyer,  state 
senator,  was  born  Feb.  8,  1861,  in  Tarlton, 
Tenn.  He  received  the  rudiments  of  his 
education  in  the  public  schools  of  his  na- 
tive county;  and  attended  Irving  college 
and  also  Wesley's  chapel  of  Warren  county, 
Tenn.  He  is  a  successful  farmer  and  law- 
yer of  Altamont.  Tenn.;  for  many  years  he 
taught  school;  and  in  1887  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law.  In  1888-96  he  was  back  tax 
attorney  for  Grundy  county,  Tenn.;  and 
in  1803'  was  county'  attorney.  In  1890-96 
lie  was  county  superintendent  of  public  in- 
struction for  Grundy  county,  Tenn.  Since 
iS93  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  county 
democratic  executive  committee;  and  in 
1897-l!i04  was  chairman  of  the  board  of 
election  commissioners  for  his  county.  In 
1896-98  he  was  a  representative  to  the  Ten- 
nes.see  state  legislature;  and  in  1905-07  was 
a  member  of  the  Tennessee  state  senate. 

Woodman,  Mrs.  Abby  Johnson,  writer, 
author,  was  born  -Ian.  10,  1828,  in  Weare, 
X.H.  She  is  a  writer  of  Danvers,  Mass. 
Slie  is  tlie  autlier  of  Picturesque  Alaska. 

Woodman,  Alpheuc  Grant,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  30,  1873,  in  Kingston, 
Mass.  Since  1897  he  has  been  instructor 
of  ciiemistry  at  the  Massachusetts  insti- 
tute of  technology.  H*^  is  the  author  of 
Air,  Water  and  Food  from  a  Sanitary 
Standpoint. 

Woodman,  Charles  Walhart,  soldier,  law- 
yer, juii>t,  congressman,  was  born  Marcii 
11,  1S44,  in  Denmark.  He  studied  law  in 
the  Chicago  law  school.  In  1877  he  was 
appointed  i)rosecuting  attorney  of  the  low- 
er courts  in  Chitago,  111.;  and  in  1881  was 
a|)|M)inted  justice  of  the  peace;  by  thj-  judges 
of  Cook  county.  In  189;')-97  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  fifty-fourth  congress  as 
a  n-|>ublican.  He  was  a  descendant  of  the 
nobility  of  Denmark;  and  in  1867  was 
married  to  Corneiia  M.  Hamilton,  daughter 
of  a  linguist  and  teacher  of  languages.  He 
die.l    Miu-eh    18,    1898,   in   Elgin,  HI. 

Woodman,    Clarence    Eugene,    clergyman, 


author,  was  born  Nov.  1,  1852,  in  Saco, 
Maine.  In  1891-93  he  was  a  lecturer  in 
the  Catholic  university  of  America.  He  is 
now  lecturing  professor  of  Newman  hall  of 
the  university  of  California.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Bridal  Wreath;  Manual  of 
Prayers;   and  Poets  and  Poetry  of  Ireland. 

Woodman,  J.  F.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  in  England.  Since  1893  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Great  Salt  Lake  and  Hot 
Springs   railway   at   Salt  Lake   City,  Utah, 

Woodman,  John  Smith,  was  born  Sept. 
6,  1819,  in  Durham,  N.C.  He  became  pro- 
fessor of  civil  engineering  and  vice-presi- 
dent, and  the  practical  head  of  the  Chand- 
ler scientific  school  in  1856,  its  prosperity 
dating  from  his  entrance  on  these  offices,  all 
of  which  he  held  until  his  death.  He  died 
May  5,  1871,  in  Durham,  N.H. 

Woodman,  Raymond  Huntington,  musi- 
cian, composer,  was  born  Jan.  18,  1861, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.Y'^.  Since  1880  he  has  been 
organist  and  choirmaster  of  the  First  pres- 
bj'terian  church  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.;  and 
professor  of  music  at  the  Packer  collegiate 
institute  since  1894.  His  church  choir  of 
mixed  voices  is  noted  for  excellent  per- 
formances. He  is  the  composer  of  Ro- 
mance; The  Brook;  Spring  Song;  Three 
Album-leaves;  and  numerous  songs  and 
anthems. 

Woodring,  James  D.,  educator,  clergyman, 
college  president,  was  born  in  1854  in  Le- 
high county.  Pa.  He  has  been  pastor  of 
churches  in  Bethlehem,  Allentown,  Read- 
ing and  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Since  1902  he 
has  been  president  of  Albright  college  at 
Myerstown,  Pa. 

Woodrow,  Nancy  Mann  Waddel,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 
In  1896-97  she  was  assistant  editor  of  the 
Chillicothe  Daily  Paper;  and  since  1901 
has  been  actively  engaged  as  a  contributor 
to  magazines.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Bird  of  Time;   and  The  New  Missioner. 

Woodruff,  Anne  Helena,  author,  was 
born  Dee.  28,  18.30,  in  Ontario,  Canada.  She 
is  the  author  of  Betty  and  Bob;  The  Pond 
in  the  Marshy  Meadow;  and  Three  Boys 
and  a  Girl. 

Woodruff,  Carle  Augustus,  soldier,  was 
horn  Aug.  8,  1841,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  In  1861 
he  became  second  lieutenant  in  the  second 
nrtillery:  and  in  1862  was  made  first  lieu- 
tenant. In  1869  he  was  promoted  captain 
of  tlie  S"cond  nrtillery;  and  in  1899  be- 
came lieutenant  colonel  of  the  seventh  ar- 
tillery. In  1903  he  was  |)romoted  to  briga- 
dier-general. In  1865  he  was  brevetteil 
lieutenant-colonid  for  good  conduct  and  gal- 
lant services  during  the  civil  war.  He  died 
July   30.    1913.  in  Raleigh,  N.C. 

Woodruff,  Charles  Albert,  soldier,  was 
born  April  26,  1845,  in  Burke,  Vt.  In  1871 
he  was  ieeond  lieutenant  in  the  seventh 
regiment  Vermont  infantry;  and  in  1878 
was  brevetted  captain.  In  1898  he  was 
(■(donel    and    assistant    comniissionary    gen- 


766 


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eral;    ami    in    1898    attained    the    rank    of 
brigadier-general.     He  retired  in   1903. 

Woodruff,  Edwin  Hamlin,  law  teacher, 
librarian,  autlior,  was  born  Sept.  2,  1862,  in 
Ithaca,  N.Y.  In  1893-96  ne  was  librarian 
of  the  Leland  Stanford  university  of  Cali- 
fornia; and  since  1896  has  been  professor 
of  law  at  Cornell  university.  He  is  the 
author  of  Domestic  Relations;  Introduc- 
tion to  the  Study  of  Law;  and  Cases  on 
Insurance. 

Woodruff,  Frank  Edward,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  March  20,  18.55,  in  Eden, 
Vt.  In  1900-04  he  was  superintendent  of 
schools  at  Brunswick,  Maine;  and  since 
i8S7  has  been  professor  of  Greek  at  Bow- 
doin  college.  He  is  the  author  of  Greek 
Prose  Composition;  and  New  Greek  Prose 
Composition. 

Woodruff,  George,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  July  4,  1807,  in  Binghampton,  N.Y. 
He  became  county  judge  in  1846,  and 
served  two  terms  in  Marshall,  Mich.  He 
was  circuit  commissioner  three  terms;  and 
a  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1866-75.  He 
died  May   13.  1887,  in  Marshall,  Mich. 

Woodruff,  Georgj  C,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  1, 
1805,  in  Litchfield,  Conn.  He  was  a  judge 
ot  probate  in  Connecticut  for  several  years. 
In  1861-63  he  was  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  to  the  thirty-seventli  congi-ess. 
He   died  in  Connecticut. 

Woodruff,  Hiram,  businessman,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  22,  1817,  in  Flemington,  N. 
J.  He  was  a  noted  horse-trainer.  He  was 
the  author  of  The  Trotting  Horse  of  Amer- 
ica. He  died  March  13,  1867,  in  New  York 
City. 

Woodruff,  John,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  Feb.  12,  1826,  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.  He  was  a  member  of  tlie  Con- 
necticut legislature  in  1854.  In  1855-57 
and  1859-61  he  was  a  representative  from 
Connecticut  to  the  thirty-fourth  and  thirty- 
sixth  congresses.  He  subsecjuently  held  the 
position  of  collector  of  internal  revenue 
for  the  district  of  New  Haven.  He  died 
May  20,    1868,  in   New  Haven,  Conn. 

Woodruff,  Mrs.  Julia  Louisa  Matilda, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  April  29,  1833, 
in  Newton,  Conn.  She  is  editor  of  The 
Mission  News  of  New  York  City.  She  is 
tlie  author  of  My  Winter  in  Cuba;  Shiloh; 
Holden  witli  the  Cords;  Bellerue;  and 
Daisy    Seekers. 

Woodruff,  Lewis  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  June  19,  1809,  in  Litchlield,  Conn.  In 
1849  he  was  elected  to  the  bench  of  com- 
mon pleas;  and  in  1855  was  transferred  to 
that  of  tlie  superior  court.  In  1868  he  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals; 
and  in  1869  was  appointed  circuit  judge  of 
the  United  States  for  the  second  circuit. 
He  died   Sept.   V).   1875,  in  Litchfield,  Conn. 

Woodruff,  Rollin  S.,  merchant,  governor, 
was  born  July  14,  1854,  in  Rochester,  Conn. 
Since    1870    lie    lias    been    engaged    in    busi- 


ness; and  is  the  president  of  the  Connecti- 
cut computing  machine  company.  In  1907- 
09  he  was  governor  of  Connecticut. 

Woodruff,  Roy  Orchard,  congressman,  was 
born  March  14,  1876,  in  Eaton  Rapids, 
JNlich.  He  served  in  the  Spanish-American 
war;  and  now  practices  law.  In  1913-15  he 
was  a  representative  from  Michigan  to  the 
sixty-third  congress. 

Woodruff,  Theodore  T.,  banker,  inventor, 
was  born  April  8,  1811,  in  Watertown,  N. 
Y.  He  was  the  inventor  of  the  sleeping 
car;  an  improved  locomotive;  an  improved 
screw  propeller;  and  over  forty  other  in- 
ventions. He  was  president  of  a  bank  in 
j\Iansfield,  Ohio.  He  died  May  2,  1892,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Woodruff,  Thomas  Adams,  physician,  oph- 
thalmologist, author,  was  born  June  4,  1865, 
in  Canada.  He  was  educated  in  universi- 
ties of  Canada,  Lon- 
don, Berlin  and  Got- 
tingen;  and  received 
the  degi-ees  of  M.D., 
CM.  and  L.R.C.P.  In 
1890-94  he  practiced 
medicine  in  Chicago, 
111.;  and  since  1895 
has  been  a  specialist 
in  ophthalmology  and 
otology  in  that  city. 
He  is  ophthalmic  sur- 
geon to  St.  Luke's, 
St.  Anthony's  and 
the  Post-graduate  medical  school  hospitals 
of  Chicago,  111.  He  is  a  fellow  of  the  Amer- 
ican academy  of  medicine;  a  member  of  the 
American  and  Illinois  state  medical  asso- 
ciations; a  member  of  the  Chicago  medical 
.'^ociety;  and  a  member  of  the  Chicago  opli- 
tlialmological  society.  He  is  part  author 
of   Commoner   Diseases   of   the   Eye. 

Woodruff,  Thomas  M.,  merchant,  con- 
gressman. He  was  a  resident  of  New  Y^ork 
City.  In  1845-47  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  twenty-ninth  congress.  He  died 
about   1870  in  New  York  City. 

Woodruff,  Timothy  Lester,  business  man, 
lieutenant-governor,  was  born  Aug.  4,  1858, 
in  New  Haven,  Conn.  In  1896  he  was 
ii])pointed  park  commissioner  of  Brookljm, 
N.Y.  In  1896-1002  was  lieutenant-governor 
of  New  York.  He  is  president  of  the  Smith- 
Piemier  typewriter  company;  and  presi- 
dent of  the  ]\Ialtine  manufacturing  com- 
pany. 

Woodruff,  Wilford,  apostle,  president  of 
ilie  Church  of  Jesus  Christ  of  Latter-Day 
Saints,  was  born  March  1,  1807,  in  Avon. 
Conn.  For  many  years  he  was  a  member 
of  the  legislature  of  Utah;  president  of 
the  Deseret  agricultural  and  manufactur- 
ing association,  and  president  of  several 
mercantile  institutions.  He  Avas  priest  and 
elder  in  liis  church,  and  its  ]n-esident.  He 
died  Sept.  2,   1898,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Woods,  Albert  Fred,  physiologist,  path- 
ologist, author,   was  born  Dec.  25,   1866,   in 


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767 


Belvidere,  111.  In  1893-1000  ho  was  assist- 
ant chief  and  first  assistant  pathologist  in 
the  United  States  department  of  agricul- 
ture; and  since  1900  has  been  chief  path- 
ologist and  physiologist.  He  is  the  author 
of   Reports   on    Flora   of   Nebraska. 

Woods,  Andrew  Salter,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  June  2,  1S03,  in  Bath,  Maine.  In 
1840  he  was  chosen  a  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Xew  Hampshire;  and  became  chief 
justice  in  18r),5.  He  died  June  30,  1863, 
in   Bath,   Maine. 

Woods,  Bertha  Gerneaux  Davis,  littera- 
teur, author,  was  born  AjmII  IS,  1873,  in 
Penn  Van,  X.Y.  She  contributed  poems 
to  the  Sunday  School  Times;  and  lo  the 
Boston  Congregationalist.  She  is  the  au- 
thor  of   Verses. 

Woods,  Charles  Albert,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  July  31.  18.12.  in  Darlington,  S.C. 
In  1873  he  was  admitted  to  practice  law 
in  South  Carolina;  and  since  1903  has  been 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  South 
Carolina. 

Woods,  Charles  Carroll,  educator,  college 
president,  clergyman,  was  born  July  4, 
1838.  in  Rocky  Mount,  Va.  In  1867-70 
he  filled  various  pastorates  in  ^lissouri; 
and  in  1876-79  was  presiding  elder.  In 
1888-98  was  president  of  the  Scarritt  col- 
li'ge   of   Xeosho,   Mo. 

Woods,  Charles  Dayton,  educator,  agri- 
culturist, was  born  Sept.  11,  18;i6,  in 
Brooks,  Maine.  In  1880  he  graduated  from 
the  Wesleyan  university  of  Connecticut 
with  the  degree  of  B.S.  In  1880-83  he  w^is 
assistant  in  chemistry  at  the  Weslej^an 
university;  in  1883-88  was  a  teacher  of 
sciences  in  Wilbraham  academy;  in  1888- 
06  was  chemist  and  vice-director  Storr's 
agricultural  experiment  station;  and  in 
1896-1903  was  professor  of  agriculture  in 
the  university  of  Maine.  Since  1894  he 
lias  been  food  expert  in  the  United  States 
department  of  agriculture;  and  since  1896 
has  been  director  of  the  Elaine  agricultural 
experiment  station.  He  is  the  author  of 
numerous   reports   ami   scientific   papers. 

Woods,  Charles  Robert,  soldier,  was  born 
Feb.  19.  1S27.  in  N'cwark.  Ohio.  He  be- 
came a  brigadier-general  of  volunt<'ers  in 
1863;  and  brevetted  major-general  in  1864. 
He  was  made  bievet  brigadier  and  major- 
general  in  the  ITnited  States  army.  He 
became  colonel  in  the  second  infantry  in 
1874;  and  was  retired  the  same  vear.  He 
died    Fel).  26.   ISS.",.   in  Xcwark,  Oliio. 

Woods,  David  Walker,  clergyman,  au- 
<hor.  was  born  Dec.  2.S.  1860.  in*  f.cwiston. 
Pa.  In  1.S86  he  was  ordainc  il  to  the  pres- 
byterian  ministry;  and  has  since  filled 
various  pastorates  in  Pennsylvania.  He  is 
the  author  of  .Tohn  Witherspoon. 

Woods,  Frank  P.,  lejrislator.  congress- 
man, was  born  Dec.  1.  1868.  in  Walworth 
county.  Wis.  He  attended  the  public 
schools;  and  was  a  student  at  the  Val- 
paraiso university  of  Indiana.  In  1887 
he    moved    to    Iowa;    and    in    1906-07    was 


chairman  of  the  Iowa  state  central  com- 
mittee. In  1909-15  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Iowa  to  the  sixty-first,  sixty- 
second  and  sixty-third  congresses  as  a  re- 
j.ublican. 

Woods,  Frederick  Adams,  biologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  29,  1873,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  In  1901-02  he  was  instructor  at  the 
Harvard  medical  school;  and  since  1903 
lias  lectured  on  biology  at  the  Massachu- 
setts institute  of  technology.  He  is  the 
author  of  Mental  and  Moral  Heredity  in 
Royalty. 

Woods,  George  L.,  lawyer,  jurist,  gov- 
ernor, was  born  July  30.  1832.  in  Boone  coun- 
ty. Mo.  In  1847  he  moved  to  Oregon  with 
his  father;  in  1863  he  was  appointed  county 
judge  of  Wasco  county ;  and  in  1864  was 
elected  presidential  elector.  In  1866-70  he 
was  the  third  governor  of  Oregon;  and  in 
1871-74  was  governor  of  Utah  territory. 
He  died  Jan.  14,  1890.  in  Portland,  Ore. 

Woods,  Henry,  congressman,  was  born  in 
i'euusylvania.  In  1799-1803  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania  to  the  sixth 
and  seventh  congresses.  He  died  in  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Woods,  James  Haughton,  educator,  au- 
tlior.  was  horn  Nov.  27,  1864.  in  Boston, 
.Mass.  In  1900  he  was  an  instructor  of  an- 
thropology; and  in  1907  became  an  assist- 
ant professor  of  philosophy  in  Harvard 
university.  He  is  the  author  of  Value  of 
Religious  Facts;  and  Value  and  Science  of 
Rciigion. 

Woods,  John,  journalist,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1774  in  Dauphin 
county.  Pa.  llf  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
Hamilton.  Ohio.  In  1825-29  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Ohio  to  the  nineteenth 
imd  twentieth  congresses.  lie  was  engaged 
in  newspajjer  work  :  and  served  as  state  au- 
ditor. He  died  July  30,  1855.  in  Hamilton, 
Ohio. 

Woods,  John,  governor.  He  was  gov- 
ernor of  Illinois  ill  1860-61.  lie  died  in 
Illinois. 

Woods,  John,  lawyer,  journalist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  1704  in  Dauphin  coun- 
ty. Pa.  In  1825-29  he  was  a  representative 
from  Ohio  to  the  nineteenth  and  twentieth 
congresses.  In  1829  he  became  the  editor 
and  jiublisher  of  the  Hamilton  Intelligencer. 
In  1845  he  was  elected  auditor  of  the  state, 
wliicli  office  he  held  for  two  terms.  IIi"  died 
.lul.v  30.  1855.  in   Hamilton.  Ohio. 

Woods,  John,  congressman.  In  1815-17 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania. 
He  died  in  Pennsylvania. 

Woods,  Joseph  Jackson,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  11,  1823.  in  Brown  <-onnty,  Ohio.  In 
1861  he  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the 
tliinl  lowji  inr.intry;  and  during  the  siege 
of  Vicksinuic  was  in  command  of  a  brigade, 
lie  <lied  Sept.  27.  1889.  in  Montana  town- 
ship.  Kan. 

Woods,  John  Lamb,  lumberman,  finan- 
cier, philanthrojiist,  was  born  Feb.  11.  1821. 


768 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


in  Corinth,   Vt.     He 


his  other  gifts  to 
science,   he  built 
of  Bradford,   Yt. 
erally   endowed 
died  March  27, 
Woods,  Mrs. 
thor,  poet,  was 


the 
for 


erected  entirely  at  his 
own  expense  a  new 
college  building  for 
the  medical  depart- 
ment of  the  Western 
reserve  university  of 
Cleveland.  The  Wom- 
an's college  of  the 
same  university  also 
received  from  him  a 
large  endowment  in 
memory  of  his  wife ; 
as  did  also  the  Lake- 
side hospital  of  Cleve- 
land, Ohio.  Among 
cause  of  education  and 
the  Bradford  academy 


and  also  erected  and  lib- 
a   public   library   there.     He 
1892,  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Kate  Tannatt,  educator,  au- 
born  in  1838  in  Peekskill-on- 


the-IIudson,  N.Y, 


She  is  the  wife  of  George 
H.  Woods,  lawyer. 
She  has  been  engaged 
in  journalistic  work 
and  lecturing.  She  is 
prominent  in  various 
clubs ;  a  n  d  founded 
and  for  eight  years 
was  president  of  the 
Thought  and  work  club 
of  Salem,  Mass.  She 
is  an  educational  lec- 
turer of  Salem,  Mass. 
She  is  the  author  of 
Six  Little  Rebels;  Dr. 
Dick ;  Out  and  About ;  The  Wooing  of 
Grandmother  Grey ;  Grandfather  Grey  ; 
Children's  Stories ;  Toots  and  His  Friends ; 
The  Duncans  on  Land  and  Sea;  Barbara's 
Ward;  A  Little  New  England  Maid;  Es- 
panola,  a  Romance  of  New  Mexico ;  Illus- 
trated Poems ;  and  other  works.  Her  poems 
were  given  a  place  in  Poets  of  America 
and  other  standard  collections. 

Woods,  Katharine  Pearson,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  28,  1853,  in  Wheeling, 
W.Va.  Since  1903  she  has  been  engaged  in 
missionary  work  among  mountain  whites  of 
North  Carolina.  She  is  the  author  of  The 
Crowning  of  Candace ;  John,  Tale  of  King 
Messiah  ;  From  Dusk  to  Dawn  ;  A  Web  of 
Gold ;  Metzerott,  Shoemaker,  a  protest 
against  social  injustice;  Mine  and  Thine; 
and  The  True  Story  of  Captain  John  Smith. 
Woods,  Leonard,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  June  19,  1774,  in  Princeton, 
Mass.  He  was  a  congregational  clergyman 
of  Massachusetts;  and  professor  at  Andover 
seminary  in  1808-54.  He  was  the  author  of 
Letters  to  Unitarians;  Inspiration  of  the 
Scriptures ;  Memoirs  of  American  Missionar- 
ies ;  Church  Government ;  Lectures  on  Swe- 
denborgianism ;  and  Examination  of  the  Doc- 
trine of  Perfection.  He  died  Aug.  24,  1854, 
in  Andovor.  Mass. 

Woods,    Leonard,     clergyman,  ^educator, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  Nov.  24, 


1807,  in  West  Newbury,  Mass.  In  1831  he 
was  an  instructor  in  the  Theological  institu- 
tion ;  and  the  same  year  translated  and  pub- 
lished an  edition  of  Knapp's  Theology.  He 
was  editor  of  the  Literary  and  Theological 
Review  in  1834-37  ;  became  professor  of  bibli- 
cal literature  in  the  Theological  seminary  of 
Bangor  in  1836  ;  and  in  1839-66  was  presi- 
dent of  Bowdoin  college.  In  1867  he  received 
a  comjuission  from  the  governor  of  Maine 
to  collect  material  in  Europe  for  the  early 
liistory  of  the  state  for  the  Maine  historical 
society.     He  died  Dec.  24,  1878,  in  Maine. 

Woods,  Micajah,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  1776  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.  He  was 
for  twenty  years  a  member  of  the  justice's 
court  for  Albemarle  county  ;  and  for  many 
years  the  presiding  justice  of  that  county. 
He  died  in  1837  in  Albemarle  county,  Ya. 
Woods,  Neander  Montgomery,  "soldier, 
druggist,  lawyer,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  4,  1844,  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.  In 
1861-63  he  was  in  the  confederate  cavalry 
service ;  became  a  druggist ;  then  a  lawyer ; 
and  since  1873  has  been  in  the  ministry  of 
the  southern  baptist  church.  He  is  now 
pastor  of  the  second  presbyterian  church  of 
Louisville,  Ky. ;  in  1901  was  moderator  of 
the  general  assembly  of  his  church  ;  and  is 
a  vice-president  of  the  presbyterian  historical 
society.  He  is  the  author  of  the  Woods-Mc- 
Afee  Memorial. 

Woods,  Robert  Archey,  settlement  work- 
er, author,  was  born  Dec.  9,  1865,  in  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.  He  has  been  head  of  the  South- 
end house ;  and  since  1896  has  been  lecturer 
on  practical  philanthropy  at  the  episcopal 
theological  school  of  Cambridge,  Mass. ;  and 
since  1907  has  been  a  lecturer  in  Harvard 
university.  He  is  the  author  of  English 
Social   Movements. 

Woods,  Robert  Hahn,  soldier,  journalist, 
was  born  April  17,  1840,  in  Greenville,  Pa. 
During  the  civil  war  he  was  a.  soldier  in  the 
sixty-fourth  regiment  Illinois  volunteers ; 
and  was  twice  brevetted  for  gallantry  on  the 
field  of  battle.  He  is  a  successful  journalist 
and  editor.  In  1905  he  was  department 
commander  of  the  grand  army  of  the  repub- 
lic for  Illinois  at  Chicago,  111. 

Woods,  Samuel  Davis,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1845,  in 
Mount  Pleasant,  Tenn.  In  1850  he  moved 
to  California  ;  and  was  educated  in  the  pub- 
lic schools.  In  1875  he  was  admitted  to  the 
practice  of  law  in  the  supreme  court  of  Cal- 
ifornia ;  and  was  actively  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Stockton,  and 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  in  San  Francisco 
county.  In  1900  he  was  elected  to  the  fifty- 
sixth  congress  to  fill  a  vacancy  ;  and  in  1901- 
-03  was  a  representative  from  California  to 
the  fifty-seventh  congress. 

Woods,  Thomas  Hall,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  jurist,  was  born  March  1,  1836,  in 
Arkansas.  He  was  a  captain  in  the  confeder- 
ate army  for  four  years;  was  district  attor- 
ney of  the  third  district  of  Mississippi;  and 
later  was  a  member  of  the  Mississippi  state 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


769 


kgislatuie.  In  1S89-19U0  he  was  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  state  suinoine  court  of  Mississippi. 
WoodS;  Virna,  educator,  author,  was  born 
iu  1864  in  Ohio.  He  was  an  educator  of 
Sacramento,  Cal.  lie  was  the  author  of  A 
Modern  Magdalene,  a  novel ;  The  Amazons,  a 
lyrical  diania  ;  and  An  Elusive  Lover;  Jason 
llildrlth's  Identity.  He  died  iu  1903  in  Sac- 
ramento, Cal. 

Woods,  William,  clergyman,  legislator, 
was  horn  in  1738  in  Albemarle  county,  Va. 
In  1780  he  founded  the  old  Albemarle  baptist 
church,  near  the  university  of  Virginia.  At 
the  request  of  Jefferson  he  resigned  his 
charge  in  1799  that  he  might  be  elected  to 
the  legislature.  He  died  in  1819  in  Albe- 
marle  county.    >'a. 

Woods,  William,  state  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1790  in  Washington  county, 
N.Y.  In  1823-25  he  was  a  representative 
from  New  York  to  the  eighteenth  congress. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  from 
Steuben  county  iu  1828.  He  died  Aug.  7, 
1837.  in  Hath,  N.Y. 

Woods,  William  Allan,  educator,  lawyer, 
jurist,  legislator,  was  born  May  6,  1837,  near 
Farmington,  Teun.  In  1862  he  moved  to 
Goshen,  Ind. ;  and  in  1867  was  elected  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  state  legislature.  In  1873- 
81  he  was  judge  of  the  thirty-fourth  judicial 
circuit.  In  1881  he  became  judge  of  the 
state  supreme  court.  He  was  soon  after 
made  chief  justice  of  that  court ;  and  in 
1883-92  was  United  States  district  judge 
for  the  district  of  Indiana  ;  and  moved  to 
Indianapolis.  In  1892-1901  he  was  United 
States  circuit  judge  for  the  seventh  circuit. 
Ilr  died  June  29.  1901.  in  Indianapolis.  Ind. 
Woods,  William  Stone,  merchant,  bank- 
er, was  born  Nov.  1,  1840,  in  Columbia,  Mu. 
In    ^9,i^■[     he    uraduated    from    the    Missouri 

state  university ;  and 
in  18  6  4  graduated 
from  the  Jefferson 
medical  college  o  f 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
liracticed  medicine  in 
Middle  (!rove,  Mo.; 
and  in  1867  sold  goods 
in  Paris,  Mo.  In 
1868  he  was  estab- 
fc»<-  lished    as   a    wholesale 

^  ^  grocer  with  his  broth- 

er pending  the  con- 
struction of  the  U'nion 
I'aciiic  railroad.  In  1869  he  established  a 
savings  bank  in  Kochei)ort,  Mo.,  and  became 
cashier.  In  1881  he  was  president  of  the 
Kansas  City  savings  association,  which  in 
18S2  was  merged  in  tlie  bank  of  commerce, 
now  the  national  baid<  of  commerce  of  which 
he    has    since    been    iiresident. 

Woods,  William  Burnham,  soldier,  law- 
yer, jurist,  stale  legislator,  was  born  in  1824 
in  Newark.  Ohio.  In  1857  he  was  elected  to 
the  Ohio  legislature  and  made  speaker;  and 
was  re-elected  in  1859.  In  1861  he  went  into 
the  military  service  as  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  seventy-sixth   Ohio   infantry;   served   un- 


.^■ 


-/ 


til  the  close  of  the  war  ;  and  was  mustered 
out  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general  and 
brevi'i  major-general.  He  was  mustered  out 
of  service  in  Alabama,  where  he  remained. 
In  1868  he  was  chosim  a  state  chancellor  for 
six  years ;  and  after  serving  as  such  two 
years,  was  appointed  circuit  judge  of  the 
United  States  for  the  fifth  circuit,  residing 
in  Mobile.  In  1880-87  he  was  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United 
States.  He  died  May  14,  1887,  in  Washing- 
ton. D.C. 

Wood-Seys,  Roland,  Alex,  horticulturist, 
manufacturer,  author,  was  born  Nov.  5, 
1854,  iu  England.  He  settled  in  California 
as  a  grower  of  olives  and  a  maker  of  olive 
oil.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Woman  With  a 
Secret ;  Blacksmith  of  Voe ;  Bull  i'  the 
Thorn;  Cut  With  His  Own  Diamond;  The 
Shepherdess  of  Treva ;  and  God's  Lad.  He 
uses  the  pen  name  of  Paul  Gushing. 

Woodside,  John  W.,  manufacturer,  com- 
missioner, was  born  Nov.  21,  1838,  in  New 
London,  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  and  at  the  New  Loudon  academy  of 
Chester  county.  Pa.  He  taught  school  for 
ihree  years;  and  then  engaged  in  mercantile 
business  until  1865.  In  that  year  he  became 
a  member  of  A.  Ralph  and  company,  which 
in  1900  became  the  American  snuff  company  ; 
and  for  many  years  was  secretary  of  the  na- 
tional tobacco  association.  He  was  president 
of  the  Oxford  manufacturing  company  ;  pres- 
ident of  the  American  nickel  steel  company  ; 
and  president  of  the  Higby  coupling  com- 
l)any.  lie  represented  Philadelphia  and 
Pennsylvania  on  all  leading  centennial  cel- 
ebrations ;  was  commissioner  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  centennial  celebration  of  the 
inauguration  of  Washington  in  New  York 
in  1889  ;  was  a  member  of  the  World's  col- 
lumbian  exposition  iu  1890-96;  was  president 
of  the  I'ennsylvania  commission  to  the  Oma- 
ha exposition  ;  and  was  the  honored  president 
of  the  N'allcy  Forge  commission  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  died  in  August,  1907,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, I'a. 

Woodson,  Albert  Emmett,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  In  1862-65  he  served  in 
the  civil  war  ;  and  in  1903  attained  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  re- 
tired in  1903. 

Woodson,  Samuel  H.,  congressman.  In 
1821-23  he  was  a  reiiresentative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  seventeenth  congress.  He  died 
in  Lexington.  Ky. 

Woodson,  Samuel  H.,  lawyer,  state  leg- 
islator, congressman,  was  born  Oct.  24,  1815, 
iu  .lessamine  county.  Ky.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Missouri  general  assend)ly  in  1853- 
54  ;  and  was  a  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Mis.souri  in  1855.  In  1857-61 
he  was  a  representative  to  the  thirly-lifth 
and  thirty-sixth  congresses.  He  died  June 
23.   1881.   ill    Indepeiulence,  Mo. 

Woodson,  Silas,  lawyer,  jurist,  governor, 
was  born  in  1819.  He  was  the  eighteenth 
governor  of  .Missouri  in  1873-75;  and  at  the 
lime  of  his  death   was  jiulge  of  the  criminal 


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HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


court  of  Buchanan  county.     He  died  Nov.  9, 
1896.  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 

Woodson,  Urey,  journalist,  publisher, 
statesman,  was  born  Aug.  16,  1859,  in  Mad- 
isonville,  Ky.  He  is  editor,  publisher  and 
proprietor  of  The  Messenger,  a  daily  news- 
paper of  Oweusboro,  Ky.  He  has  been  rail- 
road commissioner  for  Kentucky ;  and  in 
1891  declined  an  appointment  as  secretary 
of  state  of  Kentucky.  For  eight  years  he 
was  a  member  of  the  democratic  state  central 
and  executive  committees  of  Kentucky.  Since 
1896  he  has  been  a  member  of  the  democrat- 
ic national  committees  for  Kentucky ;  in 
1904  was  elected  secretary  for  the  term  of 
1904-08. 

Woodville,  Richard  Caton,  painter,  art- 
ist, was  born  about  1825  in  Baltimore,  Md. 
Among  his  effective  and  well-finished  genre 
pictures  are  Old  76  ;  Young  "48  ;  The  Politi- 
cians ;  The  Game  of  Chess ;  Waiting  for  the 
Stage  ;  and  The  Sailor's  Wedding.  He  died 
Sept.  13,  1855,  in  Iilngland. 

Woodward,  Ashbel,  physician,  author, 
was  born  June  26,  1804,  in  Wellington,  Conn. 
He  was  a  physician  of  Franklin,  Conn.  He 
was  the  author  of  Vindication  of  General  Is- 
rael Putnam ;  Vindication  of  Army  Sur- 
geons ;  Life  of  General  Nathaniel  Lyon  ;  and 
Medical  Ethics.  He  died  Nov.  20,  1885,  in 
Franklin.  Conn. 

Woodward,  Augustus  B.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  about  177.5  in  Virginia.  He  was 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
territory  of  MichiL-an  in  1805-24.  He  was 
tlie  author  of  a  Code  of  Laws,  which  bears 
'lis  name.  In  1824  he  was  appointed  a  judge 
for  tin-  (prritory  of  Florida;  and  died  there 
■  ifter  a  service  of  three  years.  He  died  in 
1827  in  Florida. 

Woodward  Benjamin  Duryea,-  educator, 
li'i  turor.  author,  was  born  March  13,  1868, 
in    New  Jersey.     In  1888  he  graduated  from 

Columbia  university 
of  New  York  ;  and  re- 
ceived the  honorary 
degrees  of  A.M.  and 
Ph.D.  from  that  in- 
stitution. In  1888-89 
he  was  a  member  of 
the  faculty  of  Colum- 
bia university  and 
Barnard  college  in  the 
department  o  f  ro- 
mance languages  and 
literature.  In  1901- 
02  he  was  assistant 
professor  of  romance  languages  and  litera- 
ture in  Columbia  university.  In  1898-1901 
he  was  I'nited  States  commissioner  general 
to  the  Paris  exposition;  and  was  especially 
(•onuniss-.oned  by  the  president  to  wind  up 
tlie  affnii's  of  the  Paris  exposition.  He  is  a 
nuMuber  of  the  Modern  language  association 
of  .\nierica  :  and  a  member  of  the  Ameri- 
can philological  association.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Palatal   Consonants   in   English. 

Woodward,    Calvin    Milton,    soldier,    edu- 
cator,   author,    was    born    Aug.    25,    1837,    in 


Fitchburg,  Mass.  He  is  a  St.  Louis  edu- 
cator; professor  in  Washington  university 
since  1868  ;  and  since  1899  president  of  the 
board  of  education.  He  is  the  author  of 
History  of  the  St.  Louis  Bridge ;  and  The 
Manual  Training  School ;  and  Manual  Train- 
ing in  Education. 

Woodward,  Edward  P.,  clergyman,  poet, 
was  born  June  8,  1840,  in  Warsaw,  N.Y. 
Since  1881  he  has  been  pastor  of  the  Second 
advent  church  of  Portland,  Maine,  and  is 
also  vice-president  of  the  Maine  state  advent 
christian  conference.  His  poems  have  ap- 
peared in  the  leading  religious  and  secular 
publications. 

Woodward,  Mrs.  Eliza  Brand,  philan- 
thropist, was  born  Oct.  13,  1811,  in  Lexing- 
ton, Ky.  In  1881  she  founded  the  Macal- 
lister  church  home  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  in 
memory  of  her  first  husband.  She  died 
May   9,   1897,   in   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Woodward,  Francis  Channing,  author, 
was  born  in  1812  in  Connecticut.  He  was 
the  author  of  Uncle  Frank's  Home  Stories ; 
and  Stories  for  Little  Folks.  He  died  in 
1859  in  Connecticut. 

Woodward,    Frank   R.,   manufacturer,   in- 
ventor,   legislator,    was    born    Feb.    9,    1845, 
in   Salisbury,   N.H.     He  received  his  educa- 
tion    in     the     district 
"^    schools     and     at     the 
Noyes    academy.       In 
1868      he      moved      to 
Manchester,    and    be- 
j.,      came       superintendent 
ifSm   ^i^     J^i     of  the  Forsaith  Latch 
'  ^  s'     Needle    factory,  which 

business  he  purchased 
in  1870,  and  two  years 
.  later  moved  it  to  the 
I  town  of  Hill.  The 
V._2j  following  year  he 
sold  out  the  needle 
l)usiness  and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
glass  cutters  and  other  light  hardware,  for 
which  a  world-wide  reputation  has  been 
established.  lie  has  done  much  to  advance 
the  prosperity  of  his  city;  gave  them  Pleas- 
ant Hill  cemetery,  and  built  a  system  of 
waterworks.  In  1884  he  was  chosen  a  rep- 
resentative in  the  New  Hampshire  state  leg- 
islature, which  he  resigned  a  year  later  to 
accept   llie   position  of  postmaster. 

Woodward,  Franklin  Cowles,  educator, 
clergyman,  college  president,  author,  was 
boriiMay  27,  1849,  in  Virginia.  In  1875  he 
was  ordained  a  clergj'man  in  the  methodist 
episcopal  church  south.  In  1881-87  he  was 
professor  in  Wofford  college  of  Spartanburg, 
S.C. ;  and  in  1887-97  was  professor  in  the 
South  Carolina  college.  In  1897-1902  he  was 
president  of  the  South  Carolina  college;  and 
in  1906  became  professor  of  English  liter- 
ature in  Richmond  woman's  college.  He  is 
the  author  of  English  in  the  Schools;  and 
English  Analysis. 

Woodward,  Fred  A.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  12,  1854,  in  Wilson  county. 
N.C.    He  was  a   representative  from   North 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


771 


Uaioliua  to   the   fifty-third  and  lifty-fourtli 
congiebses  as  a  democrat. 

Woodward,  George  A.,  soldier,  hiwyer, 
was  bora  Feb.  14,  1835,  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 
In  1858-59  he  was  city  attorney  of  Milwau- 
kee, Wis.,  where  he  was  engaged  in  tlie  prac- 
tice of  law.  In  1801  he  entered  military 
service;  and  in  18G(i  was  honorably  mustered 
cut  of  volunteer  service.  In  18G6  he  was  ap- 
pointed lieutenant  colonel  in  the  forty-fifth 
United  States  infantry;  and  in  1904  was  ad- 
vanced to  the  rank  of  brigudier-gencral. 

Woodward,  Gilbert  M.,  soldier,  lawyer, 
legislator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  25, 
1835,  in  Washington,  D.C.  He  served  in  the 
union  army  during  the  civil  war  a  little 
over  three  years.  He  was  district  attorney 
of  La  Crosse  county  in  18G6-73;  and  was 
mayor  of  the  city  in  1874-75.  In  1876-82 
he  was  city  attorney  of  the  city  of  La 
Crosse,  ^\■is.  In  1883-85  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  forty-eighth  congress  as  a 
democrat. 

Woodward,  George  Washington,  lawyer, 
juiisl,  congressman,  was  burn  ^larch  20, 
1809,   in   Bethany,   Pa.    In    1841-51    he  was 

president  judge  of  the 
fourth  judicial  dis- 
trict. In  1852-67  he 
was  a  justice  of  the 
9  u  pr  e  m  e     court     of 

T^^^  ^B^  Pennsylvania.  In  1867- 

^  W  71     he    was    a    repre- 

sentative from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  forti- 
eth and  forty-first 
congresses  as  a  demo- 
crat. He  died  j\Iay  10, 
1875,  in  Rome,  Italy. 

Woodward,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
bt.rn  .\ug.  l!i,  IS.V.i,  in  Chautauqua,  N.Y.  He 
e.stablished  a  law  practice  in  Jamestown, 
N.V.  In  1890  he  became  associate  justice  of 
supreme    court    of    New    York    for    the 


the 


ciglitb  district  for  term  ending  in  1910. 
Since  1898  he  has  been  judge  of  the  appel- 
late (]i\isi()n. 

Woodward,  Joseph  A.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  South  Carolina.  In  1843-53  he  was  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
twenty-eighth,  twenty-ninth,  thirtieth,  thir- 
♦  y-f'rst  and  tliirty-.second  congresses.  He  died 
in  Fnwih  Carolina. 

Woodward,  Joseph  Janvier,  surgeon,  au- 
llior,  was  born  Oct.  30,  1833,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  a  United  States  army  sur- 
geon. He  w-s  the  author  of  Outlines  of  tlie 
<'liief  Camp  Diseases  of  tlic  United  States 
Armies,  as  Observed  During  the  Present 
War;  and  .Medical  and  Surgical  History  of 
tbe  Itebellioii.  He  died  Aug.  17,  1884,  near 
I'liila.l.-lphia.   Pa. 

Woodward,  P.  Henry,  journalist,  public 
oilu  ial.  banker,  author,  was  born  March  19, 
18;i3.  in  Franklin.  Conn.  In  1,S02-05  he  was 
'■liitor  of  tlie  Hartford  Courant.  In  1805-7(i 
he  was  a  special  agent  of  the  postodjc,.  ,|,.- 
l)artnient;    and    in     1881-85    had    charge    of 


'   <^»^ 


the  preparation  of  evidence  in  the  star 
route  cases.  Since  1885  he  has  lived  in  Hart- 
I'oril,  Conn.;  is  president  of  the  Dime  sav- 
ings bank  of  that  cit}- ;  and  vice-president 
of  the  Connecticut  life  insurance  company. 
He  IS  the  author  of  Cuarding  the  ^lail;  In- 
surance' in  Connecticut ;  and  Manufactures 
ill    Hartford. 

Woodward,  Nathan  Armsby,  lawyer,  leg- 
islator, poet,  was  born  March  9,  1818,  in 
Fairfax,  Vt.    In  1851  he  opened  a  law  office 

in  Batavia,  N.Y.  In 
1802  he  was  elected 
county  treasurer;  and 
held  that  office  two 
4  -it-  terms,      issuing      over 

half  a  million  dollars 
of   county   war   bonds, 
most    of    which    were 
paid  while  he  held  the 
ollice.    He  served  as  a 
delegate   to   the   state 
——,^^——.     constitutional   conven- 
V  -  -^^^^^^a     tion.   He  is  the  author 
of    Pebbles   and    Boul- 
ders, u   \uluiiie  of  poems. 

Woodward,  Robert  Simpson,  educator, 
Miatliematician,  auiiior.  was  born  July  21, 
1849.  in  Hoehcster.  Midi.  He  was  professor 
of  mechanics  and  dean  of  the  school  of  pure 
science  at  Columbia  university  in  1893-1905; 
and  since  1905  has  been  president  of  the 
Carnegie  institution  of  W^ashiiigton,  D.C. ; 
and  tlie  autlior  of  Latitudes  and  Longitudes 
of  Certain  Points  in  Missouri,  Kansas  and 
New  Mexico,  and  many  scientific  papers  of 
value. 

Woodward,  Samuel,  physician,  states- 
man, was  born  in  1750  in  Watertown,  Conn. 
He  served  in  the  Connecticut  state  legisla- 
ture for  several  terms,  during  the  last  of 
which  he  was  called  the  father  of  the  house 
and  was  chosen  its  speaker.  He  was  a  can- 
di<late  for  congress.  He  died  Jan.  0,  1835, 
in  'I'orringford,  Conn. 

Woodward,  Samuel  Bayard,  physician, 
philanthropist,  was  born  June  10,  1787,  in 
Toningford,  Conn.  He  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  Hartford  Retreat  for  the  Insane; 
and  assisted  to  establish  other  philanthropic 
institutions.  He  died  Jan.  3.  1850,  in  Xorlh- 
amptoii.   Mass. 

Woodward,  Samuel  Lippincott,  soldier, 
was  born  Oct.  28,  1849,  in  Diniinston  coun- 
ty, N.J.  In  18G2-65  he  served  in  the  vol- 
unt.'er  army  from  private  to  major;  and 
served  in  the  regular  array  from  second  lieu- 
tenant to  brisndier-ireneral.  In  1904  ho  was 
retired  with  the  rank  of  briga<lier-general  in 
the  United  States  army,  after  forty  years  of 
service. 

Woodward,  Samuel  Walter,  merchant,  do- 
nor, was  born  in  February,  1880,  in  Mas.sa- 
(busetts.  He  is  (he  owner  of  the  largest  de- 
partment stores  in  the  United  States  at 
Washington,  D.C.  He  is  president  of  the 
.young  men's  christian  association  of  Wash- 
ington, D.C,  and  has  given  forty  thousand 
ilollars   to   advance   its   work.      He   has   also 


772 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


donated  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  to- 
ward enlarging  the  work  of  the  Calvary 
baptist    church    of    Washington,    D.C. 

Woodward,  Warren  J.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1874  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Pennsylvania. 

Woodward,  William,  congressman.  In 
1815-17  he  was  a  representative  from  South 
Carolina  to  the  fourteenth. congress.  He  died 
in   South  Carolina. 

Woodward,  William  G.,  lawyer,  jurist. 
In  1855  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Iowa. 

Woodward,  William  Henry,  printer,  pub- 
lisher, founder,  was  born  Dec.  11,  1834, 
in  England.  In  1864  he  purchased  a  print- 
ing plant;  and  in  1887  incorporated  the 
Woodward  and  Tiernan  printing  company, 
of  which  he  was  president  and  treasurer. 
He  is  the  founder  and  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  typothetffi  at  Toronto.  In  1892  he 
was  president  of  the  international  body  ;  and 
presided   over   the   world's  fair   in   1893. 

Woodworth,  Chauncey  B.,  banker,  was 
born  Feb.  25,  1819,  in  Coventry,  Conn.  In 
1857    he    bought    the    perfumery    factory    of 

Campbell.  B  u  n  n  e  11 
and  company  of  Iloch- 
ester,  N.Y. ;  and  was 
still  its  proprietor, 
the  iirm  name  being 
('.  B.  Woodworth  and 
sons.  He  was  vice- 
president  of  the  Flour 
City  national  bank,  al- 
so of  the  Rochester 
trust  and  safe  depos- 
it CO  m  p  any  ;  anil 
was  trustee  of  the 
Mechanics  .s  a  v  i  n  g  s 
bank  for  ten  years.  He  was  a  trustee  of 
the  Rochester  theological  seminary.  He  died 
in   1901   in   Rochester,   N.Y. 

Woodworth,  Francis  C,  clergyman,  au- 
tnor,  was  born  in  1812  in  Colchester,  Conn. 
He  was  the  author  of  Our  Own  Fields ; 
Youth's  Book  of  Gems ;  Uncle  Frank's  Home 
Stories,  in  six  volumes ;  Uncle  Frank's  Pic- 
ture Gallery  ;  Wonders  of  the  Insect  World  ; 
The  World  as  It  Is,  or  a  Miniature  Sketch 
of  the  Earth  and  Its  Inhabitants;  Theo- 
dore Tinker's  Stories  for  Little  Folks,  in 
twelve  volumes ;  Young  American's  Life  of 
Fremont ;  and  Uncle  Frank's  Pleasant  Pages 
for  the  Fireside.  He  died  June  5,  1859,  at 
sea. 

Woodworth,  Frank  Goodrich,  educator, 
clergyman,  college  president,  was  born  Dec. 
23,  1853.  in  Waterbury,  Conn.  In  1880  he 
was  ordained  to  the  congregational  minis- 
try ;  and  in  1880-87  filled  a  pastorate  in 
Wolcott,  Conn.  Since  1887  he  has  been 
president  of  the  Tougaloo  university  of  Mis- 
sissii)pi. 

Woodworth,  James  H.,  merchant,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  Dec.  4,  1804, 
in  (ireenwicli,  N.Y.  He  moved  to  Chicago 
in  1833  ;  in  1839  was  elected  to  the  Illinois 


state  senate  ;  and  in  1842  was  a  member  of 
the  lower  house.  In  1845-50  he  was  con- 
nected with  the  ctiy  government  of  Chica- 
;i.o  ;  and  was  two  years  mayor.  In  1855-57 
he  was  a  representative  from  Illinois  to  the 
thirty-fourth  congress.  He  died  in  Chicago, 
111. 

Woodworth,  Jay  Backus,  theologian,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  2,  1865,  in  Newfield, 
N.Y.  Since  1893  he  has  been  instructor 
and  professor  of  geology  in  Harvard  uni- 
versity. He  is  the  author  of  Geology  of 
Narragansett  Basin. 

Woodworth,  John,  lawyer,  jurist,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  12,  1768,  in  Schodack,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  assem- 
bly in  1803 ;  and  of  the  state  senate  in 
1804-07.  He  was  attorney-general  of  New 
Y'ork  in  1804-08  ;  and  a  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court  in  1819-28.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Iieminiscences  of  Troy  from  Its 
Settlement  in  1790  till  1807.  He  died  June 
1.  1858,  in  Albany,  'N.Y. 

Woodworth,  John  Maynard,  physician, 
surgeon,  autlujr,  was  born  Aug.  15,  1837, 
in  Big  Flats.  N.Y.  He  was  a  surgeon  in 
the  civil  war  ;  and  in  1865  received  the  brevet 
of  lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers.  In  1866 
lie  was  professor  of  anatomy  in  the  Chicago 
medical  college ;  surgeon  of  the  Soldiers' 
home ;  and  sanitary  inspector  of  the  city 
1  oard  of  health  in  1^68.  In  1871-79  he  was 
supi'r\ising  sur.Leon-general  of  the  Marine 
1  ospital  of  Washirgton,  D.C.  He  was  the 
author  of  several  medical  works.  He  died 
March    14,    1879.    in    Washington,    D.C. 

Woodworth,  Laurin  D.,  soldier,  state 
si'iialor.  congressman,  was  born  Sept.  10, 
1837.   in  Windham.  Ohio.     He  was  educated 

at  Hiram  college ; 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1859,  and  prac- 
ticed law  at  Raven- 
na, Ohio.  He  was  a 
major  in  the  civil  war 
for  the  union.  He  was 
elected  to  the  state 
senate  of  Ohio  in  1867 
and  1868.  In  1873- 
77  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  forty- 
third  congress,  serv- 
ing  on  the  committees 
on  the  interior  department  and  manufactures 
and  was  re-elected  to  the  forty-fourth  con- 
gress as  a  republican.  He  died  in  1897  in 
Youngstown,    Ohio. 

Woodworth,  Samuel,  journalist,  author, 
])oet,  was  born  Jan.  13,  1785,  in  Scituate, 
Mass.  He  was  a  journalist  and  |)oet  of  New 
York  City.  He  was  the  author  of  The  Cham- 
pions of  Freedom,  an  historical  romance; 
iMclod'es,  Duets.  Trios,  Songs,  and  Ballads; 
and  will  be  longest  remembered  as  the  au- 
Ihor  of  the  famous  lyric.  The  Old  Oaken 
Bucket.  He  died  Dec.  9,  1842,  in  New  York 
City. 

Woodworth,     William    W.,    congressman, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


773 


was  boin  in  Connecticut.  In  1845-47  lie  was 
a  representative  from  New  York  to  the  twen- 
ty-ninth congress.  Ho  died  in  Hvdr  Park, 
N.Y. 

Woody,  Frank  H.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  i)i'c.  lU,  1833,  in  Chatham  county,  N.C. 
Since  18D2  he  has  been  judge  of  the  fourth 
judicial    district    of    Montana. 

Woodyard,  Harry  Chapman,  niorchant, 
state  senator,  congressman,  was  born  Nov. 
13,  18C7,  in  Spencer,  W.Va.  He  is  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  groccrv  and  lumber  busi- 
ness in  Spencer.  W.Va.  In  181)8-1000  lie  was 
a  member  of  the  West  ^'irgillia  state  sen- 
ate. In  190.3-11  he  was  a  representative  from 
West  Virginia  to  the  fifty-eigiith,  lifty-ninth, 
sixtieth  and  sixty-first  congresses  as  a  re- 
]>ublican. 

Wool,  John  Ellis,  soldier,  was  born  Feb. 
20.  1784.  in  New  burgh,  N.Y.  He  served  in 
the  war  of   1812;    in    1841   was  appointed  a 

brigadier  -  general  i  n 
tlu"  I'nited  States 
army;  and  for  services 
in  tlie  Mexican  war  he 
was  brevotted  major- 
general.  He  was  re- 
tired In  1863,  being 
long  past  the  age  for 
active  service.  He  was 
especially  eminent  in 
the  organizing  a  n  d 
discipline  of  troops.  A 
monument  seventy-five 
feet  high  has  been 
erected  to  his  meinorv  in  Troy,  N.Y.  He 
died  Nov.   10,   1809,   ii/ Troy,  N.Y. 

Woolbridge,  Charles  William,  physician, 
auiiiur,  was  born  .May  22,  1847,  in  Hull, 
Kngland.  In  1890-1902  he  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  medicine  in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  and 
i.s  now  a  resident  of  -Montana.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Missing  Sense;  The  Kingdom 
of  Heaven  Is  at  Hand;  and  Perfecting  the 
Earth,  a   Piece  of  Possible  History. 

Woolf,  Philip,  physician,  author,  was 
boiii  Feb.  7,  1848,  in'  New  York  City.  He 
was  editor  of  tlie  Saturday  Kveniiig  Gazette 
of  New  York  City.  He  was  the  author  of 
The  Trail  of  the  Serpent;  Satan's  Mirror; 
Three  Women  and  a  Dead  .Man;  and  d'old- 
(  nro<l  and  Aster.  He  died  in  1903,  in  Bos- 
ton. Mass. 

Woolf,    Solomon, 
bom    .lari.    (1.    1S41. 

1878  he  was  appointed  to  the  professorship 
of  gi'ometry  and  drawing  in  the  Cooper 
union.      He   is   the   autiior   of   A   Course    in 

I  )e-iclipt  i\  e    <  icdillet  1  V. 

Woollen,  William  Wesley,  journalist, 
banker,  author,  was  born  dune  21,  1828,  in 
Dorchester  county,  Md.  He  has  filled  the 
ollice  of  auditor  and  treasurer  of  his  coun- 
ty; and  <ity  comptmiler.  He  is  manager  of 
the  Imiianapolis  clearing  house  association. 
He  is  the  author  of  Biographical  and  His- 
torical Sketches  f)f  I'^arly   indiiina. 

Woolley,  Mrs.  Celia  Parker,  lectun-r,  au- 
thor,   was    iiorn     liitie    14,    1848,    in    Toledo, 


educator,    author,    was 
in    New    ^■ork    City.     In 


title 
ate ; 


Ohio.    She  has  lectured  before  women's  clubs, 

and  for  a  year  was 
president  of  the  Wo- 
man's western  unitar- 
ian conference.  For 
two  years  she  served 
as  president  of  the 
( 'hicago  woman's  club; 
and  is  president  of 
the  Frederick  Doug- 
las center,  a  social 
settlement.  She  is  the 
author  of  Love  and 
Tlieology,  changed  in 
its  fifth  edition  to  the 
of  Rachel  Armstrong;  A  Girl  Gradu- 
and  Roger  Hunt. 
Woolley,  Edward  Mott,  journalist,  au- 
tiior, was  born  Feb.  25,  1867,  in  Milwaukee, 
Wis.  In  1883-93  he  was  engaged  in  busi- 
ness; and  since  1893  has  devoted  his  time 
to  journalism.  Since  1907  he  has  been  de- 
])artinent  editor  of  the  System  magazine  of 
Chicago.  111.  He  is  the  author  of  Roland 
of  AUeiiburg:  and  A  Minister  of  War. 

Woolley,  Mrs.  Helen  Bradford,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Nov.  6,  1874.  in  Chicago, 
111.  She  was  educated  in  the  university  of 
Chicago,  where  she  received  the  degree  of 
Ph.B. ;  and  in  foreign  universities.  In  1902- 
05  she  was  professor  of  psychology  and  di- 
rector of  the  psychological  laboratory  of 
JMount  Holyoke  college.  In  1905  she  mar- 
ried Dr.  Paul  G.  Woolley;  went  to  Manila 
and  conducted  a  series  of  experiments  on 
Philippine  school  children  for  the  United 
States  government;  and  published  her  con- 
clusion in  a  Report.  She  is  the  author  of 
The  :Mental  Traits  of  Sex. 

Woolley,  Jacob  Benjamin,  merchant,  gov- 
ernment ollicial,  was  born  Nov.  13,  1840,  in 
Shrewslmry,  N.Y.  He  was  engaged  in  im- 
porting oriental  works  and  art  in  New  York 
City.  In  1871  he  was  appointed  storekeep- 
er of  the  bureau  of  engraving  and  printing 
at  Washington,  D.C. 

Woolley,  John,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1861  he  was  first  lieutenant  and 
adjutant  in  the  second  regiment  Indiana 
cavalry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  colonel 
and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He  died 
April  4,  1873. 

Woolley,  John  Granville,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, lecturer,  author,  was  born  Feb.  15, 
1850.  in  Collinsville,  Ohio.  He  is  editor  of 
the  New  Voice.  He  is  the  author  of  Seed  ; 
The  Sower;  Civilization  by  Faith:  The 
Christian  Citizen;  and  a  Lion  Hunter. 

Woolley,  Mary  Emma,  educator,  college 
l»resideiit,  was  born  .Inly  13.  1863.  in  South 
Norwalk,  Conn.  She  was  educated  in  pri- 
vate schools;  irradnated  from  Providence 
hi^h  school  ;  and  in  1884  frradnated  from 
Wlieaton  seminary  of  Norton.  Mass.,  in 
which  institution  she  taujtht  a  class  in  his- 
tory. She  entered  Brown  tiniversity  in  1891 
as  soon  as  its  classes  were  ojiened  to  women  ; 
in  1894  graduated  from  that  institution  with 
the    degree    of    A.R. ;    and    subsequently    re- 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ceived  the  degrees  of  A.M.  and  L.H.D.  In 
1895-1900  she  was  head  of  the  department 
of  Biblical  history  and  literature  at  Welles- 
ley  college ;  and  since  1900  has  been  presi- 
dent of  Mount  Ilolyoke  college  of  South 
riadley,  Mass.  She  has  traveled  in  England 
and  Scotland  ;  and  visited  the  women's  col- 
leges in  connection  with  the  universities  of 
London,   Oxford,   Cambridge  and  Edinburgh. 

Woolman,  John,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Aug.  19,  1720,  in  'Northampton,  N.J. 
He  was  a  Quaker  itinerant  preacher  of  New 
Jersey  ;  and  in  his  writings  occurs  the  earli- 
est protest  in  America  against  the  slave 
trade.  He  was  the  author  of  Essays  and 
Epistles ;  Serious  Considerations ;  and  On 
the  Keeping  of  Negroes.  His  famous  jour- 
nal, by  which  he  is  most  widely  known, 
was  edited  by  the  poet  Whittier.  He  died 
Oct.  7,   1772,  in  England. 

Woolman,  Mrs.  Mary  Schenck,  educator, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  April  26,  1860, 
in  Camden,  N.J.  Since  1897  she  has  been 
professor  of  domestic  art  in  the  teachers 
college  of  Columbia  university.  She  was 
also  organizer  and  is  first  director  of  the 
Manhattan  trade  school  for  girls  of  New 
York  City.  She  is  the  author  of  A  Sewing 
Course  for  Girls,  and  a  Sewing  Course  for 
Teachers. 

Woolsey,  Abby  Howland,  philanthropist, 
author.  She  was  a  New  York  philanthro- 
pist. She  was  the  author  of  A  Century  of 
Nursing ;  Lunacy  Legislation  in  England ; 
Handbook  for  Hospital  Visitors ;  and  Hos- 
pital Laundries.  She  died  in  1893  in  New 
York  City. 

Woolsey,  George,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  2,  1861,  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.  Li  1890-98  he  was  professor  of  anat- 
omy and  clinical  surgery  in  the  New  York 
university  medical  school;  and  since  1898 
has  filled  the  same  chair  at  Cornell  univer- 
sity and  at  the  medical  college  of  New  York 
City.  He  is  visiting  surgeon  to  Bellevue 
hospital ;  and  asociate  visiting  surgeon  to 
the  preshyteriau  hospital  of  New  York  City. 
He  is  the  author  of  Applied  Surgical  Anat- 
omy. 

Woolsey,  Melanchton  Brooks,  was  born 
Aug.  11.  1817.  in  New  York  City.  He  served 
on  the  South  Atlantic  blockade  until  the 
close  of  the  civil  war,  and  was  placed  on 
the  active  list  and  promoted  to  captain  and 
to  commodore  in  1871.  He  died  Oct.  2, 
1874.  in  J'ensacola,  Fla. 

Woolsey,  Melanchton  Taylor,  was  born 
in  1782  in  New  York  City.  He  command- 
ed the  Oneida ;  and  was  in  charge  of  the 
naval  station  at  Sackett's  Harbor  when  the 
war  of  1812  began.  He  attained  the  rank 
of  rear-admiral.  He  died  May  18,  1838, 
in    TTtica,    N.Y. 

Woolsey,  Sarah  Chauncey,  author,  poet, 
was  born  in  1845  in  Cleveland,  Ohio.  She 
was  a  poet  and  popular  writer  for  young 
people  under  the  name  of  Susan  Coolidge. 
She  was  the  author  of  Old  Convent  School 
in  raris ;  The  New  Year's  Bargain ;   What 


Katy  Did ;  A  Guernsey  Lily ;  For  Summer 
Afternoons ;  In  the  High  Valley ;  A  Short 
History  of  Philadelphia ;  The  Barberry 
Bush,  and  Other  Stories  About  Girls ; 
Verses  ;  and  A  Few  More  Verses.  She  died 
in  1905  in  Newport,  K.I. 

Woolsey,  Theodore  D wight,  clergyman, 
author,  poet,  was  born  Oct.  31,  1801,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  a  congregational  cler- 
gyman ;  and  president  of  Yale  university  in 
1846-71.  He  then  lectured  in  the  law  school ; 
and  continued  his  studies  in  political  sci- 
ence. He  was  the  author  of  Political  Sci- 
ence ;  Communism  and  Socialism ;  Introduc- 
tion to  the  Study  of 
Essay  on  Divorce  and 
Helpful  Thoughts  for 
Religion  of  the  Present  and 
and  Eros,  and  Other  Poems. 


International    Law  ; 

Divorce  Legislation  ; 

Young    Men ;    The 

the    Future  ; 

He  died  July 


1,   1889,   in  New   Haven,   Conn. 

Woolsey,  Theodore  Salisbury,  lawyer, 
lecturer,  author,  was  born  Oct.  22,  1852,  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.  He  is  professor  of  in- 
ternational law  in  Yale  university.  He  is 
the   author   of    America's   Foreign   Policy. 

Woolson,  Mrs.  Abba  Louisa,  lecturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  30,  1838,  in  Windham, 
Maine.  Siie  is  a  Boston  lecturer  on  ilnglish, 
French  and  Spanish  history  and  literature. 
She  is  the  author  of  Woman  in  American 
Society;  Dress  Reform;  Browsings  Among 
Books';  and  George  Eliot  and  Her  Heroines. 
Woolson,  Constance  Fenimore,  author, 
was  born  in  1848  in  Claremont,  N.H.  She 
was  the  author  of  Horace  Chase;  Castle  No- 
where; Lake  Country  Sketches;  Two  Wo- 
men, a  poem;  Rodman  the  Keeper;  South- 
ern Sketches;  Anne;  For  the  Major;  East 
Angels;  Jupiter  Lights;  'J'lie  Front  Yard, 
and  Other  Italian  Stories;  Dorothy,  and 
Other  Italian  Stories;  Mentone,  Cairo,  and 
Corfu;  and  The  Old  Stone  House.  She  died 
.fan.  24.   1894,  in  Venice,  Italy. 

Woolworth,  James  Mills,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  author,  was  born  June  28,  1829, 
in  Onondaga  Valley,  N.Y.  After  practic- 
ing law  in  Syracuse, 
he  moved  to  Omaha 
in  1856;  and  was  the 
first  city  attorney  of 
Omaha.  H  e  served 
one  session  in  the  Ne- 
b  r  aska  legislature; 
and  in  1871  was  a 
member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention. 
In  1873  he  was  a  dem- 
ociatic  candidate  for 
chief  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court.  He  wa^ 
the  author  of  A  Hand-Book  of  Nebraska  Ter- 
ritory; two  volumes  of  Nebraska  State  Rc- 
])orts;  and  one  volume  of  United  States  Cir- 
cuit Court  Reports.  He  died  in  1906  in  Oma- 
ha, Neb. 

Woolson,  John  Simson,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Dec.  6,  1840.  in  Tonawan- 
ila,  N.Y.  In  1801-65  ho  served  in  the  At- 
lantic squadron.    In  1891-99  he  was  United 


HKRRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


r75 


states  judge  for  the  soutlicrn  district  of 
Iowa.  In  1876-90  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Iowa  state  senate.  He  died  Dec.  4,  1899,  in 
Des  ^loines,  Iowa. 

Woomer,  Ephraim  M.,  soldier,  banker, 
cashier,  congressman,  was  born  Jan.  14, 
1844,  in  Jonestown,  Pa.  He  enlisted  in 
company  A,  ninety-third  regiment  Penn- 
sylvania volunteers,  in  1861.  He  is  cash- 
ier of  the  People's  bank  of  Lebanon ;  was 
a  member  of  the  councils  of  the  borough 
of  Lebanon  in  1883-85;  and  president  of 
select  councils  of  the  city  in  1885-90.  In 
189;j-97  he  was  a  representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  fifty-third  and  fifty-fourth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Nov. 
29.    1898,  in   Lebanon,   Pa. 

Wooster,  Charles  Wing,  naval  officer, 
was  born  in  1785  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  He 
served  in  the  war  with  England;  and  in 
1829  was  promoted  rear-admiral.  He  died 
111    1848   in  California. 

Wooster,  David,  soldier,  state  legislator, 
was  born  .March  2,  1710,  in  Stratford,  Conn. 
He  became  a  brigadier-general  in  1775;  was 

one  of  the  originators 
of  the  expedition 
which  captured  Ticon- 
deroga  in  1775;  and 
served  as  a  member  of 
the  Connecticut  as- 
sembly. For  many 
years  lio  was  major- 
ueiii'ral  of  the  Con- 
necticut militia.  He 
was  short  while  an- 
noying the  enemy's 
rear-guard  with  two 
hundred  men  in  pro- 
tecting his  state  from  the  enemy.  He  was 
taken  to  Danburv,  and  died  lliere  May  2, 
1777. 

E.,  educator,  publisher, 
July  24,  1870,  in  Ohio, 
in  Kansas  and  Illinois; 
and  graduated  from 
the  State  nornntl  mi- 
iver.sity  of  Kansas. 
She  has  been  engaged 
as  a  teacher;  was  an 
institute  instructor; 
and  princ:])al  of  a 
(raining  school  for 
teachers.  She  is  a 
special  educational  in- 
structor; a  contribu- 
tor to  papers  and  ed- 
l  -  ,     j^^Ltn     ucaticnal        journals; 

and  since  1896  has 
b'H-n  a  writer  and  publisli'-r  of  school  books 
She  is  hea.l  of  the  firm  of  Wooster  and  com- 
pany, publishers  of  Chicago,  111.  She  is  the 
antlmr  of  \Vf)oster  Industrial  I'rinier;  Woo- 
ster .\r  tlinu'tic  Hook  I;  Wooster  .\rit  liniet  ie 
i'ook  1 1  ;  Wooster  Primary  Speaker;  Woo 
ster  Sentence  Huilders;  Wooster  Number 
Guilders;       Wooster       Industrial       Reading 


Wooster,  Lizzie 
autiior,  was  born 
She    was    educated 


iMiart;  and   Wooste 
book    series. 


Industrial  Headi'rs,  five 


Wooster,  David,  physician,  surgeon,  au- 
thor, was  born  June  10,  1825,  in  Jasper, 
N.Y.  In  1853  he  founded  The  Pacific  Medi- 
cal and  Surgical  Journal  in  San  Francisco, 
Cat.,  which  he  edited  four  years.  In  1867- 
71  he  was  United  States  special  examiner  of 
drugs  in  San  Francisco.  He  is  the  author 
of  a  biochure  on  Diphtheria,  the  first  pub- 
lication ill  the  United  States  on  this  dis- 
ease; Diseases  of  the  Heart;  a  pamplilet, 
on  Hip-Joint  Disease;  and  a  Genealogy  of 
the   Woosters  in  America. 

Wooster,  Lyman  Child,  educator,  biologist, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  1,  1849,  in  Hammond, 
N.Y.  For  ten  years  he  was  connected  with 
the  Wisconsin  and  the  United  States  ge- 
ological surveys;  and  was  superintendent  of 
the  Kansas  educational  exhibit  at  the 
World's  Columbian  exhibition.  Since  1897 
he  has  been  professor  of  biology  and  ge- 
ology at  the  state  normal  school  of  Kan- 
sas. He  is  the  author  of  Geological  Story 
of  Kansas;  Plant  Record  and  Glossary;  and 
Tiie  Story  of  Life. 

Wooten,  Dudley  Goodall,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  in  Greene  coun- 
ty, Mo.  Since  1888  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Dallas,  Texas;  and  in  1898-1900  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Texas  state  legislature.  In  1901- 
03  he  was  a  democratic  representative  from 
Texas  to  the  fifty-seventh  congress.  He  was 
one  of  the  founders  and  second  president  of 
the  Texas  state  historical  society.  He  is 
the  autltor  of  A  Complete  History  of  Tex- 
as, a  text-book  for  schools. 

Worcester,  Alfred,  physician,  .author, 
was  born  in  1855  in  Massachusetts.  He  is 
a  physician  of  \\'altliam,  ^lass.  He  is  the 
author  of  Monthly  Nursing;  A  New  Way 
of  Training  Nurses;  Training  Schools  for 
Nurses  in  Small  Cities;  and  Small  Hospi- 
tals. 

Worcester,  Dean  Conant,  educator,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  1,  1866,  in  Thctford. 
\'t.  In  1895-99  he  was  assistant  professor 
of  zoology  and  curator  of  the  zoological  mu- 
seum at  the  university  of  Michigan.  In 
1899  he  was  appointed  United  States  Phil- 
i|)pine  commissioner;  in  1901  was  made 
secretary  of  the  interior  of  the  Philip]iiiie 
insular  government;  and  since  1906  has 
been  superintendent  of  public  instruction  for 
the  Pliili]ipine  Islands.  He  is  a  fellow  of 
the  .\ineriean  associaticm  for  the  advance- 
ment of  scienc(>.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
I'liilippine  Islands  and  their  Peoples;  and 
The  Non-Resident  Tribes  of  Northern  Lu- 
zon. 

Worcester,  Elwood,  educator,  clergyman, 
author,  was  born  in  Masillon,  Ohio.  In  1891 
he  was  ordained  priest  of  the  protestant 
e{)'scopal  church.  In  1890-96  he  was  chap- 
lain ami  professor  of  ])hiloso])hy  and  jisy- 
chology  in  Lehigh  university;  in  1894-95 
was  rector  of  a  church  in  (iermany;  and 
is  now  rector  of  St.  iOmniainiel  church  of 
Boston,  Mass.  He  is  the  author  of  Re- 
ligious  Opinions    of   .lohii    Locke;    and    The 


77G 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY   OF   AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


Book    of    Genesis    in    the    Light    of   Modern 
Knowltdge. 

Worcester,  John,  clergyman,  educator, 
college  president,  author,  was  born  Feb.  13, 
1834,  in  Boston,  Mass.  In  1869  he  became 
pastor  of  the  New  Church  society  of  New- 
tonville,  Mass.;  and  instructor  of  theology 
in  the  New  Church  Theological  school  of 
Boston  in  1878;  and  subsequently  its  presi- 
dent. 

Worcester,  Joseph  Emerson,  lexicograph- 
er, philologist,  author,  was  born  Aug.  24, 
1784,  in  Bedford,  N.H.  He  was  a  distin- 
guished lexicographer  and  philologist  of 
Cambridge.  He  was  the  author  of  Geo- 
grapliical  Dictionary;  Gazetteer  of  the  Unit- 
ed States;  Sketches  of  the  Earth  and  Its 
Inhabitants;  Elements  of  History;  Outlines 
of  Scriptural  Geography;  and  Comprehen- 
sive Primary  Dictionary.  His  greatest  work 
is  his  well-known  quarto  Dictionary  of  the 
English  Language,  first  .published  in  18(K). 
He  died  Oct.   27,   1865,  in  Cambridge,  Mass. 

Worcester,  Noah,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  Nov.  25,  1758,  in  Hollis,  N.H.  He  was 
a  unitarian  clergyman;  and  in  1813-37  pas- 
tor at  Brighton,  Mass.  He  edited  The 
Friend  of  Peace.  He  was  the  author  of  A 
Respectful  Address  to  the  Trinitarian  Cler- 
gy; The  Atoning  Sacrifice  a  Display  of 
Love,  not  Wrath ;  Last  Thoughts  on  Im- 
portant Subjects;  and  Causes  and  Evils  of 
Contentions  Among  Christians.  He  died 
Oct.  31,    1837,  in  Brighton,  Mass. 

Worcester,  Noah,  physician,  axithor,  was 
born  in  1812  in  New  Hampshire.  He  was 
professor  of  pathology  in  Western  i-eserve 
college,  Hudson,  Ohio.  He  was  the  author 
of  Symptoms,  Diagnosis,  and  Treatment  of 
Skin  Diseases.  He  died  April  4,  1847,  in 
L'iiiciiuiati,  Ohio. 

Worcester,  Samuel,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  1,  1770,  in  Hollis,  N.H.  H.< 
was  a  congregational  clergyman ;  and  in 
1803-20  pastor  at  Salem,  Mass.  He  was 
the  author  of  Letters  to  Dr.  Channing  on 
the  LTnitarian  Controversy;  and  Discourses 
on  the  Covenant  with  Abraham.  He  died 
Juno  7,   1821,  in  Brainard,  Tenn. 

Worcester,  Samuel  Melanchthon,  clergy- 
man, I'dncator.  author,  was  born  Sept.  4, 
1801,  in  Fitchburg,  Mass.  He  was  a  con- 
gregational clergyman;  professor  of  rheto- 
ric at  Amherst  college  in  1825-34;  and  pas- 
tor at  Salem  in  1834-60.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Essays  on  Slavery;  and  Life  of  Sam- 
uel Worcester.  He  died  Aug.  16,  1866,  in 
Boston,  Mass. 

Worcester,  Samuel  T.,  lawyer,  jurist, 
state  sinator,  congressman,  was  born  Aug. 
30,  1804,  in  Hollis,  N.H.  In  1848-49  he  was 
a  member  of  the  state  senate  from  Norwalk. 
Oliio.  In  1859  he  was  elected  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas;  and  in  1801-63  he 
was  a  representative  from  Ohio  to  the  thir- 
ty-seventh   congress.      He    died    in    Ohio. 

Worcester,  Thomas,  clergyman,  author, 
WMs  bo)n  Nov.  23,  1708,  in  Hollis,  N.H.     He 


was  a  unitarian  clergyman.  He  was  the 
author  of  Call  for  Scripture  Evidence  that 
Christ  is  God;  The  True  God  but  One  Per- 
son; and  New  Chain  of  Plain  Argument. 
He  died  Dec.  24,   1831,  in   Salisbury. 

Worcester,  xhomas,  clergyman,  was  born 
April  15,  1795,  in  Thornton,  N.H.  He  was 
the  first  clergjanan  of  tlie  Swedenborgian 
faitli  in  Massachusetts;  and  served  as  pas- 
tor of  the  Boston  society  of  the  New  Je- 
rusalem church  in  1821-67.  He  published 
sermons,  addresses,  and  magazine  articles. 
He  died  Aug.  12,  1878,  in  Waltham,  Mass. 
Word,  Thomas  J.,  legislator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  Surry  county,  N.C.  In 
1832  he  was  a  member  of  the  North  Car- 
olina state  house  of  representatives.  In 
1833-35  he  was  a  representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi   to   the   twenty-fifth    congress. 

Worden,  J.  Perry,  educator,  diplomat, 
author,  was  born  May  25,  1866,  in  Hastings- 
on-Hudson,  N.Y.  He  was  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism, and  lectured  for  the  New  York 
board  of  education.  In  1905-07  he  was  pro- 
fessor of  modern  languages  at  the  Kala- 
mazoo college  of  Michigan;  and  since  1907 
has  been  American  consul  to  Bristol,  Eiig- 
lanil.  He  is  the  author  of  Schiller's  Song 
of  the  Bell;  and  Longfellow's  Relation  to 
Germany. 

Worden,  James  Avery,  soldier,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Dec.  10,  1841,  in 
Oxford,  Ohio.  During  the  civil  war  he  was 
second  lieutenant  in  the  seventy-fourth  reg- 
iment New  York  volunteers.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Westminster  Normal  Outlines,  in 
two  volumes;  and  Bible  Correspondence 
School,  in    eight    volumes. 

Worden,  John  Lorimer,  naval  officer,  was 
born   INlarch    12,   1818,   in  Westchester  coun- 
ty,  N.Y.     Hi-   was   commander   of   the   Yan- 
kee   cheese    box,    the 
Monitor,    in    her    fa- 
mous   fight    with    the 
iron  -  clad      iMerrimac, 
iNIarch     9,     1862,     the 
first      battle     between 
^'*\  '>A   ^  iron-clad   ships   in  the 

^^  w*^  i*«*Sti  world's     history.       He 

*     ■■  '     w   a   s      commiss'oned 

rear-admiral  in  1872; 
and  was  commander- 
in-chief  of  the  Euro- 
pean squadron  i  n 
1875-77.  He  then 
served  as  a  member  of  the  examining  board 
and  president  of  the  retiring  board  until 
1886,  when  he  retired  with  the  highest  sea- 
pay  of  his  grade.  He  died  Oct.  18,  1897^ 
in    Waslrnglon.    D.C. 

Work,  Edgar  Whitaker,  educator,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Nov.  20.  1802.  in 
Logan.  Ohio.  In  1887  he  was  ordained  to 
the  ])resbyterian  ministry;  and  has  filled 
pastorates  in  Dayton,  Ohio;  Berkeley.  Cab; 
Colorado  Springs,  Col.;  and  since  1907  has 
been  pastor  of  the  fourth  presbyterian 
church  of  New  York  City.  He  is  the  author 
of  Great  Moments  in  the  Life  of  Paul;  Mo- 


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777 


SOS,    a    Rocky    Mountain    Sketi-h ;    and    The 
Fasi-'natioii   of   tlu-  Book. 

Work,  Henry  Clay,  poet,  composer,  was 
born  Oct.  1,  1S;52,  in  Middletown,  Conn.  He 
was  a  self-taught  and  popuhir  song-writer 
of  Chicago.  He  is  best  known  as  the  au- 
tlior  <if  Mareliing  Through  (ieorgia;  tinind- 
fatlier"s  Cluck;  Father,  Come  Home;  and 
Drafted  Into  the  Army.  He  died  June  8, 
1SS4.  ii!    llarttor<l.   Conn. 

Workman,  Charles  H.,  lawyer,  legislator, 
author,  was  born  April  23,  185!),  near  Mil- 
h-rsburgh,  Dliio.  For  ten  years  he  tauglit 
English  literature  and  political  economy  in 
the  Oliio  Normal  university.  He  served  as 
a  membi-r  of  tlie  seventieth  general  assembly 
of  Ohio.  Ho  is  the  author  of  The  Ohio- 
Arbitration  Law,  and  The  Workman  School 
Law. 

Workman,  Mrs.  Fanny  Bullock,  author, 
was  Jjorn  in  18.'j()  in  Wdrcester.  ^lass.  She 
has  made  several  mountain  ascents  of 
note;  and  has  explored  several  glaciers. 
With  her  husband  she  is  the  author  of  Al- 
gerian Memories;  a  Bicycle  Tour  over  the 
Atlas  to  the  Sahara;  Sketches  Awheel  in 
Modern  Iberia;  and  Ice  Bound  Heights  of 
the   Mustagh. 

Workman,  William  Hunter,  physician, 
author,  was  born  Feb.  16,  1847,  in  Wor- 
cester, Ma.ss.  He  has  traveled  extensively 
by  bicycle;  and  has  traversed  mountains 
and  glaci"-rs  i)reviously  unexplored.  He  is 
co-author  with  Mrs.  Workman  of  Algeri- 
an  Memories,   and   Sketches  Awheel. 

Works,  John  R.,  lawyer,  jurist,  United 
States  senator,  was  born  March  29,  1847, 
in  Ohio  county,  Ind.  He  served  in  the  civil 
war.  In  1888-90  he  was  an  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  California. 
Since  1911  he  has  been  a  member  of  the 
Cniti-d    States    senate    from    California. 

Worley,  Caleb  A.,  educator,  clergyman,  was 
born  Sept.  IS,  1832.  in  Lii)erty,  Ky.  He 
nceivcd  a  thorough  education;  has  been 
a  collegi-  professor;  county  superintendent 
of  schools:  has  attained  success  as  an  emi- 
nent clergyman  in  tlie  bnjjtist  churcii;  and 
now   fills  a   pastorate   in  Clarksville,  Tex. 

Workman,  James  Henry,  educator,  au- 
tl'.oi'.  was  boi  II  Feb.  2S.  184."),  in  Prussia, 
lie  has  lillcil  professorships  in  various  col- 
leges north  and  south;  and  since  1887-1900 
he  was  oditor-in-chiof  of  Outing.  In  1899- 
1904  he  was  consular  and  consul  general  to 
Alunich:  and  is  now  United  States  consul 
in  Canaila.  }\i'  is  the  author  of  Complete 
firammar  of  the  fierman  Language;  and 
I'.lcmentary    Cermaii    (Jrammar. 

Worman,  Ludwig,  tanner,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Locks  county,  Pa.  in  1821- 
22  he  was  a  representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania to  the  seventeenth  congress.  He  died 
in    ls-22   in   Pennsylvania. 

Wormelfcy,  James  Preble,  civil  engim-er. 
was  born  .March  27,  1820,  at  ]?elmont,  near 
Boston,  Mass.  Ho  constriicted  a  |)ortion 
ot    the    Baltimore    and    Ohio    railroad,    and 


was    then    made 


engineer-in-chief 


of 


the 
1  ochester  and  Syra-mse  railroad.  He  was 
tlie  lirst  to  suggest  the  idea  of  a  ship  rail- 
road across  the  Isthmus  of  Panama;  and 
he  made  a  plan  for  it.  He  died  Jan.  10, 
1851,   in    the    marshes. 

Wormeley,  Katharine  Prescott,  transla- 
tor, autlior,  was  born  July  14,  ISoO,  in  Eng- 
land. She  translated  the  novels  of  Bal- 
zac and  the  plays  of  Moliere,  and  was  the 
autlior  of  The  Cruel  Side  of  War;  Life  of 
Bal/.ac;  The  United  States  Sanitary  Com- 
mission; and  Hospital  Transports.  Siie 
died  in   1908   in  Jackson,  N.H. 

Wormley,  Theodore  George,  physician, 
author,  was  born  April  1,  182(),  in  Worm- 
leysburg.  Pa.  He  was  a  Philadelphia  phy- 
sician; and  professor  of  chemistry  in  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1877-97.  He 
was  tho  author  of  Methods  of  Analysis  of 
Coals;  and  The  Micro-Chemistry  of  Poi- 
sons. He  died  Jan.  3,  1897,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

Wornall,  Thomas  J.,  farmer,  state  sena- 
tor, was  born  June  28,  1865,  in  Kansas 
City,  :Mo.  He  was  educated  at  the  William 
,le\vill  college  of  Liberty,  Mo.  He  has  at- 
tained success  as  a  farmer  and  breeder  of 
s!.oit-liorn  cattle.  He  lias  been  director 
in  the  American  short-horn  breeders'  asso- 
ciation; president  of  the  Central  short-horn 
breeders'  association;  and  secretary  and 
treasurer  of  the  American  royal  live  stock 
show  held  at  Kans  s  City,  Mo.  He  has 
been  mayor  of  the  city  of  Liberty,  Mo.; 
chairman  of  the  appropriation  committee; 
chairman  of  the  visiting  committee  of  all 
state  institutions.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Missouri  state  senate  from  the  tliird  dis- 
liict  for  the  term  of  1905-09:  and  resides 
in    Liberty.    ^lo. 

Worst,  John  H.,  educator,  agriculturist, 
college  president,  statesman,  was  born 
Dec.  23,  1850,  in  Ashland  county,  Ohio.  He 

was  educated  in  tho 
Smithville  academy; 
Salem  college;  and 
Ashland  university. 
He  has  been  a  teach- 
er, fanmT.  merchant 
and  editor;  and  in 
1883-89  was  county 
superintendent  o  f 

schools    for     Emmons 
county,  N.D.  In   1889- 
94   lie   was  state   .sen- 
ator;   and    in    1895-97 
was       lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  North  Dakota.     Since   1895  he  has 
been    president   of   the   North    Dakota    agri- 
cultural   college. 

Worrall,  Moses  Hoagland,  physician, 
cleigyman,  foiimler,  \\as  iiorii  Aug.  4.  1S3I, 
in  Cliailestoii,  Ind.  He  was  princi|)al  of  a 
|iiiblic  school  at  Covington;  and  taught  for 
a  number  of  years.  He  opened  an  acad- 
emy to  prepare  young  men  for  college; 
which  afterwards  was  named  Worrall's 
classical    and    scientific    academy    for    girls 


778 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


and  boys.  In  1869  he  entered  the  minis- 
try. He  filled  pastorates  in  Columbia, 
Cincinnati  and  Troy,  Ohio,  and  Springfield, 
111. 

Wortendyke,  Jacob  R.,  educator,  lawyer, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  27,  1818,  in 
Chestnut  Ridge,  N.J.  He  was  alderman  of 
Jersey  City;  and  practiced  law.  In  1857- 
£9  he  was  a  representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey to  the  thirty-fifth  congress.  He  died 
Nov.  7,   18G8,  in  Jersey  City,  N.J. 

Worth,  Jonathan,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
governor,  was  born  Nov.  18,  1802,  in  Guil- 
ford county,  N.C.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  North  Carolina  legislature  in  1829-34; 
and  was  for  several  terras  a  member  of 
the  state  senate.  He  was  again  a  member 
of  the  lower  house  of  the  legislature  from 
J862  till  the  end  of  the  civil  war;  and  was 
public  treasurer  during  the  same  period.  In 
1865-69  he  was  the  thirtieth  governor  of 
North  Carolina.  He  died  Sept.  5,  1869,  in 
Raleigh,    N.C. 

Worth,  Thomas,  caricaturist,  artist,  was 
born  Feb.  12,  1834,  in  New  York.  He  first 
came  prominently  before  the  public  in 
1862,  with  his  illustrations  to  Plutarch  Re- 
stored. He  illustrated  some  of  the  books 
of  Orpheus  C.  Kerr;  and  the  edition  of 
Dickens'  Old  Curiosity  Shop  that  was  pub- 
lished by  the  Harpers  in  1878.  At  present 
he   is   on   the  staff  of  Texas   Sittings. 

Worth,  William  Jenkins,  soldier,  was 
born  INIarch  1,  1794,  in  Hudson,  N.Y.  He 
was  prominent  during  the  war  of  1812, 
and  the  Indian  wars  succeeding;  and  for 
his  valuable  services  in  the  Mexican  war 
was  advanced  to  major-general,  and  given 
swords  by  congress.  He  was  commander 
in  1847  at  the  battle  of  Moline  del  Rey. 
He  died  May  7.  1849,  in  San  Antonio,  Tex. 

Worth,  William  Scott,  soldier,  was  born 
Jan.  6,  1840,  in  Albany,  N.Y.  During  the 
civil  war  he  attained  the  rank  of  captain. 
During  the  Spanish-American  war  he  was 
severely  wounded  during  the  charge  on 
San  Juan  Hill.  He  was  promoted  to  briga- 
dier-general of  the  United  States  army 
and  retired.     He  died  in  1904  in  New  York. 

Worthen,  Amos  Henry,  geologist,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  31,  1813,  in  Bradford,  Vt. 
In  1858-77  he  was  state  geologist  of  Illi- 
nois. In  1877-88  he  was  curator  of  the 
state  historical  library  and  national  his- 
tory museum.  His  writings  were  confined 
to  professional  papers  and  reports  of  the 
surveys.  He  died  May  6,  1888,  in  Warsaw, 
111. 

Worthen,  Mrs..  Augusta  Harvey,  educator, 
jiistorian,  poet,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1823. 
in  Sutton,  N.II.  She  is  the  author  of  a 
Town  History,  in  tl>e  compilation  of  which 
slie  was  for  twenty  years  engaged  in  col- 
lecting   and    arranging   the    material. 

Worthen,  William  Ezra,  civil  engineer, 
author,  was  born  March  14,  1819,  in  Ames- 
bury,  Mass.  He  became  the  engineer  of 
the  New  York  and  New  Haven  railroad; 
and    in    18.'>4    its    vice-president.      He    was 


the  author  of  Cyclopaedia  of  Drawing;  First 
Lessons  of  Mechanics;  and  Rudimentary 
Drawing  for  Schools.  He  died  April  2, 
1897,  in  New  York  City. 

Worthington,  Edward  William,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  May  10,  1854,  in 
Batavia,  N.Y.  He  was  rector  of  Grace 
ciiurch  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  was  the 
author  of  Ember  Days  and  Other  Papers; 
The  Holy  Eucharist  Devotionally  Consid- 
ered; and  Occasional  Officers  of  the  Prayer 
Book.  He  died  in  1906  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Worthington^  Erastus,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Oct.  8,  1779,  in  Belchertown,  Mass. 
in  1814-15  he  was  a  member  of  the  general 
court  of  Dcdham,  Mass.  He  was  the  au- 
tlior  of  An  Essay  on  the  Establishment  of 
a  Chancery  Jurisdiction  in  Massachusetts; 
and  History  of  Dedham,  from  the  Beginning 
of  its  Settlement  in  1635  to  1827.  He  died 
June  27,   1842,  in  Dedham,  Mass. 

Worthington,  George,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Oct.  14,  1840,  in  Lenox,  Mass. 
For  seventeen  years  he  was  rector  of  St. 
John's  church  of  Detroit,  Mich.  In  1885 
lie  was  consecrated  protestant  episcopal 
bishop  of  Nebraska.  He  died  in  1908  in 
Omaha,    Neb. 

Worthington,  George  Heber,  manufactur- 
er, president,  was  born  Feb.  15,  1850,  in 
'loronto,  Canada.     He  was  educated  at  the 

Upper  Canada  col- 
lege of  Toronto.  He 
began  his  career  in  a 
wholesale  grocery 
liouse  in  Toronto;  and 
later  became  manager 
for  his  father  as 
contractoi-  for  build- 
ing the  Southern 
central  railroad,  now 
a  part  of  the  Lehigh 
valley  system.  He 
then  entered  the 
stone  business ;  in 
the  Cleveland  stone  com- 
lie  is  now  president.  This 
a  capital  of  three  million 
dollars,  and  controls  fifty  quarries.  He  is 
also  president  of  the  Perry-Mathews-Bus- 
kirk  stone  company;  president  of  the  Un- 
derwriters land  company;  president  of 
Bedford  stone  railroad  company;  president 
of  the  Springsteen  medicine  company;  and 
is  vice-president  of  the  American  chicle 
company.  He  is  a  director  in  the  Union 
national  bank,  the  Guardian  savings  and 
trust  company,  the  Tnterurban  railway  and 
terminal  company,  the  American  washboard 
company,  the  Chamberlain  cartridge  and 
target  company,  and  the  Citizens'  savings 
and  trust  company  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He 
is  a  thirty-two  degree  mason;  is  commo- 
dore of  the  Cleveland  yacht  club;  and  the 
owner  of  the  Priscilla,  the  cup  defender 
ill    1885. 

Worthington,  Henry  G.,  lawyer,  state 
legislator,  diplomat,  congressman,  was  born 
Feb.   9,   1828,   in   Cumberland,  Md.     In    1861 


1886  organized 
pany,  of  which 
corporation   has 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OB'  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


779 


he  was  elected  to  the  California  state  legis- 
lature from  the  city  and  county  of  San 
Francisco.  In  1S62  he  moved  to  the  terri- 
tory of  Nevada,  and  settled  in  Austin.  In 
1863-65  he  was  a  representative  from  Ne- 
vada to  the  thirty-eighth  congress.  In 
1868  he  was  appointed  minister  to  Uru- 
guay. 

Worthington,  Henry  Rossiter,  manufac- 
turer, inventor,  was  born  Dec.  17,  1817,  in 
New  York  City.  In  1854  he  invented  a 
direct  acting  compound  condensing  engine; 
and  set  up  the  lirst  one  ever  made  in  Sa- 
vannah, Ga.  He  afterwards  invented  the 
duplex   pump.     He   died  in  Georgia. 

Worthington,  John  T.,  congressman,  was 
born  in  Maryland.  In  1831-33  and  1837-41 
lie  was  a  representative  from  Maryland  to 
the  twenty-second,  twenty-fifth  and  twen- 
ty-sixth congresses.  He  died  April  27, 
1S49.    in    Baltimore,    Md. 

Worthington,  Nicnolas  Ellsworth,  law- 
yer, congressman,  wf.s  born  March  30,  1835, 
in  Urooke  county,  W.Va.  He  was  county 
superintendent  of  schools  in  1864-72  in 
Peoria,  111.;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  board  of  public  instruction  in  1868- 
72.  In  1883-87  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  forty-eighth  and  forty- 
nintli   congresses   as   a   democrat. 

Worthington,  Thomas,  United  States  sen- 
ator, governor,  was  born  July  16,  1773,  in 
Charleston,  W.Va.  In  1803-07  and  1809- 
15  lie  was  a  United  States  senator;  and  in 
1809-11  he  was  a  representative  from  Ohio 
to  the  eleventh  congress.  In  1814-18  he  was 
the  sixth  governor  of  Ohio.  He  died  June 
20.  1S27.  in  New  York  City. 

Worthington,  Thomas  C,  congressman, 
was  born  in  Prince  George  county,  Md.  In 
1825-27  he  was  a  representative  from 
.Maryland  to  the  nineteenth  congress.  He 
died   June    19,    1827   in   Frederick,   Md. 

Worthington,  William  Jackson,  soldier, 
jurist,  lii'utciuuit-govcrnor,  was  born  Nov. 
9,  1832,  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.  For 
four  years  he  was  lieutenant-colonel  in  the 
twentj'-second  regiment  Kentucky  volun- 
teers. In  1866-70  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Kentueky  state  senate;  was  county  judge 
for  four  years;  and  in  1895-99  was  licu- 
(<  iiiuit-gnvernor  of   Kentucky. 

Wortman,  Denis,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
was  Ix.rn  .\pril  .30.  18.35,  in  Kast  Fishkill. 
X.Y.  Since  ISCiO  lie  has  filled  pastorates 
ill  tile  refoiini'd  church  in  Prooklyn,  Piiii- 
adelphia,  Schenectady,  Fort  Plain  and  Suu- 
gerties;  and  since  1902  has  been  in  charge 
of  raising  contributions  for  the  disabled 
ministers  fund  f<f  the  refoniieii  cliureli  in 
.America.  He  is  the  autlior  of  Reliques  of 
the  Christ;  and  The  Divine  Processional, 
poems   of  great   merit. 

Wotherspoon,  William  Wallace,  soldier, 
college  president,  was  born  Nov.  16,  1850, 
in  Washington,  D.C.  In  1873  he  was  ap- 
|)ointed  from  the  District  of  Columbia 
second  lieuten.nnt  in  the  tsvelfth  T'nited 
States    infantry;     wns     promoted    through 


various  grades;  and  in  1905  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  In  1907-09  he 
was  president  ol  the  Army  war  college  at 
Washington,  D.C;  and  in  1909  became  as- 
sistant  chief   of  the  stati"  of  the  army. 

Wren,  Thomas,  lawyer,  congressman,  was 
born  Jan.  2,  1826,  in  McArthurstown,  Ohio. 
In  1874-76  lie  was  city  attorney  of  Aus- 
tin, Nov.;  and  v/as  a  representative  in  the 
Nevada  legislature  in  1875.  In  1877-79  he 
was  a  representative  from  Nevada  to  the 
forty- fifth    congress    as    a   republican. 

Wrenn,  John  Quincy,  physician,  surgeon, 
public  ollieial,  was  born  in  1844  in  West- 
liekl,  Ind.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon and  high  schools  and  medical  colleges; 
is  now  a  successful  pliysician  and  surgeon 
of  Placerville,  Cal.;  and  prominently  iden- 
tified with  the  business  and  public  affairs 
of  that  city.  In  1888-97  he  was  superin- 
tendent of  El  Dorado  county  hospital;  is 
medical  examiner  for  the  Equitable  life 
assurance  society.  New  York  life  insurance 
company.  Mutual  life  insurance  company 
of  New  York.  New  England  mutual  life  in- 
surance coini)any,  and  other  corporations. 
He  is  m-ayor  of  the  city  of  Placerville, 
Cal. 

Wrenne,  Thomas  William,  lawyer,  finan- 
cier, was  born  Dec.  I,  1851,  in  Lexington, 
Va.  In  1878  he  was  admitted  to  tlie  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Virginia.  He  was  for  some 
years  superintendent,  secretary  and  treas- 
urer of  the  South  Nashville  street  railway 
company.  He  was  president  of  the  Mount 
\'ernon    railway    company. 

Wright,  Albert  Orville,  educator,  author, 
was  born  June  23,  1842,  in  Rome,  N.Y. 
He   received   a   thorough   education   in   pub- 

1  i  c  and  private 
schools  of  his  native 
state.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Wiscon- 
sin female  college; 
editor  of  the  Wis- 
consin .Tournal  of 
Education;  president 
of  the  Midland  school 
and  supply  company; 
a  n  (1  w  a  s  supervisor 
Indiana  school.  He 
was  the  author  of  a 
text-book  on  the 
United  States  constitution;  and  a  text- 
hook  on  the  AViscoiisin  constitution.  He 
(iic.l    .lime    19,    l'.)()5.    ill    Miidison,  Wis. 

Wright,  Ambrose  Ransom,  lawyer,  soldier, 
was  born  .\])ril  2(!,  1826.  in  Louisville.  Ga. 
He  enlisted  as  a  i>rivate  soldier  in  the 
confederate  army  early  in  1861;  became 
brijradier-general  in  1862;  and  major-  gen- 
eral in  1S64.  He  was  elected  in  1872  a 
representative  in  congress  as  a  democrat, 
but  died  before  taking  his  seat.  He  died 
Dec.  21.   1872. 

Wright,  Arthur  Silas,  educator,  philolo- 
.i:ist.  author,  was  born  March  7.  1858,  in 
Deciitur,  N.Y.  He  graduated  from  the 
Union  college  with  the  degrees  of  A.R.  and 


780 


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A.M.;  and  Avas  a  student  at  Princeton 
seminary  and  at  the  university  of  Leipzig. 
In  1888-93  he  was  junior  professor  of  mod- 
ern languages  at  Union  college;  and  since 
1893  has  been  professor  of  modern  lan- 
guages at  the  Case  school  of  applied  science 
of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Modern  language  association  of  America; 
and  a  member  of  the  Modern  language  as- 
sociation of  Ohio.  He  is  the  author  of  In 
St.  Jurgen. 

Wright,  Ammi  W.,  lumberman,  capital- 
ist, was  born  July  5,  1822,  in  Grafton,  Vt. 
His    early    years    were    spent    on    a    farm; 

and  in  1844-48  he 
was  employed  in  the 
carrying  trade  be- 
tween Rutland,  Vt., 
and  Boston,  Mass.  In 
1849-51  he  conducted 
the  Central  hotel  in 
Boston,  Mass.  In 
1851  he  went  to  Sagi- 
naw, Mich.,  and  be- 
came a  large  opera- 
tor in  lumber,  salt 
and  timber-lands.  He 
is  now  head  of  the 
A.  W.  Wright  lumber  company  and  is  in- 
terested in  a  dozen  or  more  mercantile 
bouses  and  banks.  He  owns  the  Alma 
stock  and  dairy  farms;  and  has  large  in- 
vestments in  Kansas  City  and  Texas  real 
estate.  He  is  president  of  the  Alma  sugar 
company;  president  of  the  Peerless  Port- 
land cement  company;  president  of  the 
Cincinnati,  Saginaw  and  Mackinaw  rail- 
road; president  of  the  Dukith,  Mississippi 
river  and  northern  railroad;  president  of 
the  Advance  tliresher  company;  president 
of  the  Central  Michigan  produce  company; 
and  president  of  the  Ameriean-Abell  en- 
gine   and    thresher    company. 

Wright,  Arthur  Williams,  physician,  edu- 
cator, was  born  Sept.  8,  1836,  in  Lebanon, 
Conn.  Since  1885  he  has  had  charge  of 
the  Sloane  physical  laboratory  at  Yale, 
which  was  constructed  under  his  supervi- 
sion. He  was  the  first  to  observe  and  de- 
fcribe  the  electric  shadow  in  1870-71;  de- 
vised a  new  apparatus  for  the  production 
of  ozone;  and  investigated  its  action  upon 
alcohol  and  etlier  in  "l872-74.  In  1874  he 
determined  the  polarization  of  the  zodiacal 
light,  measuring  its  amount  and  investi- 
gated its  spectrum.  He  was  consulting 
specialist  on  the  United  States  signal  serv- 
ice'  in    1881-80. 

Wright,  Asher,  missionary,  author,  was 
boll)  Sejit.  7,  1803,  in  Hanover,  N.H.  He 
was  a  missionary  to  the  Seneca  Indians. 
He  translated  parts  of  New  Testament; 
and  published  elementary  school  books  and 
liymnal  in  their  language.  He  was  the 
autlior  of  interesting  Narrative  of  Mary 
.lenison.  He  died  April  13,  1875,  in  Cat- 
taraugus,   N.Y. 

Wright,  Ashley  Bascom,  congressman, 
was  born  May  25,  1841,  in  Hinsdale,  Mass. 


In  1890-91  he  was  elected  to  the  executive 
council  of  Massachusetts.  In  1893-99  he 
was  a  representative  from  Massachusetts  to 
the  fifty-third,  fifty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Aug. 
21,  1897,  in  North  Adams,  Mass. 

Wright,  Augustus  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  16,  1813,  in 
VVrightsborough,  Ga.  He  was  circuit  judge; 
and  in  1857-59  he  was  a  representative 
from  Georgia  to  the  thirty-fifth  congress. 
He  took  part  in  the  civil  war.  He  died  in 
Georgia. 

Wright,  Benjamin,  pioneer,  was  born 
April  2,  1784,  in  Savannah,  Ga.  He  was 
the  first  to  mount  the  Indian  works  at 
the  battle  of  Horse  Shoe.  He  built  the 
ilrst  house  in  Purdy,  Tenn.  He  died  Jan. 
:iO,   1890.  in  Purdy,  Tenn. 

Wrignt,  Benjamin  Hall,  civil  engineer, 
founder,  was  born  Oct.  19,  1801,  in  Rome, 
N.Y.  By  his  personal  efforts  railroads 
were  introduced  into  the  island  of  Cuba; 
and  the  first  road  was  made  under  his  su- 
|)erintendence.  He  died  May  13,  1881,  in 
Home,  N.Y. 

Wright,  C.  B.,  railroad  president,  was 
born  June  17,  1859,  in  Erie,  Pa.  He  is 
president  of  the  Rio  Grande  and  Eagle 
Pass  railway  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Wright,  Mrs.  C.  M.  H.,  author,  poet,  was 
born  June  3,  1836.  She  has  contributed  to 
the  Chicago  Medical  Times  and  other  medi- 
cal works;  and  for  over  thirty  years  she 
lias  contributed  extensively  to  the  periodical 
press;  and  has  given  much  time  to  temper- 
ance work.  She  is  the  author  of  several 
dramas;  and  her  poems  have  been  given  a 
place  in  Poets  of  America  and  other  stand- 
ard  works. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Carrie  Douglas,  educator, 
musician,  author,  was  born  Aug.  9,  1862, 
in  Petersburg,  111.  In  1899  she  married 
II.  P.  Mozier,  a  noted  architect  of  Chicago, 
ill.  For  many  years  she  was  a  teacher  of 
the  liarp  and  piano;  and  has  published  a 
method  of  modulation  and  harmony.  She 
is  the  author  of  Lincoln's  First  Love. 

Wright,  Carroll  Davidson,  soldier,  law- 
yer, statistician,  college  president,  was  born 
July  25,  1840,  in  Dunbarton,  N.H.     During 

the  civil  war  he  at- 
tained the  rank  of 
colonel.  In  1872-73 
he  was  a  member  of 
the  Massachusetts 
state  senate;  in  1873- 
88  was  chief  of  the 
bureaxi  of  statistics 
of  labor;  and  in  1885- 
1905  was  United 
States  commissioner 
of  labor.  He  filled 
chairs  in  the  Catholic 
university  of  Ameri- 
ca and  in  the  Columbian  university.  In 
1900-01  he  was  a  lecturer  at  Harvard  uni- 
V(Msity ;  and  in  1902-09  Avas  president  of 
(.'lark  college  of  Worcester,  Mass.     In   1903 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


781 


he  became  president  of  the  American  asso- 
ciation for  the  advancement  of  science;  and 
in  1!)()2  was  a  member  and  recorder  of  tlie 
United  States  anthracite  strike  commis- 
sion. He  was  the  author  of  The  Factory 
System  of  the  United  States;  The  Indus- 
trial Evohition  of  the  United  States;  Out- 
lines of  Practical  Sociology;  and  Battles  of 
Labor.  He  died  Feb.  20,  1!)0!).  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Wright,  Charles  Barstow,  financier,  jour- 
nalist, was  born  Jan.  8,  1822,  in  Bradford 
county,    I'a.      In    ISG3    he    engaged    actively 

in  developing  the 
petroleum  interests  of 
Pennsylvania.  1  ii 

1870,  was  director 
and  became  president 
of  the  Northern  Pa- 
cific railroad.  He 
moved  to  Boston  in 
1839;  and  became  edi- 
tor of  tile  Massachu- 
setts Abolitionist; 
and  in  1846  he  es- 
tablished the  Clu-ono- 
typc,  whicli  merged 
in  the  Commonwealth.  He  died  March  21, 
1S!)8,    in    Philadelphia.    Pa. 

Wright,  Charles  Edward,  physician,  edu- 
cator, was  born  Nov.  1,  1843,  in  Indian- 
apolis, Ind.     In   1869   he   was  demonstrator 

of  anatomy  in  tlie 
Indiana  medical  col- 
lege; and  subsequent- 
ly professor  of  ma- 
teria niedica  and 
therapeutics  in  and 
secretary  of  the  same 
institution;  and  aft- 
erwards its  presi- 
dent. He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  stalf 
at  tlie  City  hospital, 
and  pliysician  to  St. 
.lolin's  home  for  in- 
valids. In  187r)-76  he  was  president  of  the 
Indianapolis  board  of  health;  was  ])resi- 
(h'lit  of  tin-  Indiana  medico-legal  fraternity 
in  1877-78:  and  at  present  fills  ihe  chair  of 
materia  medica  and  therapeutics  in  the 
medical  college  of  Indiana,  the  medical  de- 
partincnt    of    I'utlci'    university. 

Wright,  Charles  Edward,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Dec.  17,  1867,  in  Battle  Creek, 
Mich.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of  White- 
field,  X.H. ;  and  is  attorney  for  several 
large  railroads.  In  ISlMi  he  was  commis- 
sioned judge  of  the  municipal  court  for  life 
by   the  governor  of  New  Hampshire. 

Wright,  Charles  Frederick,  banker,  con- 
gressman, was  born  May  3,  18.')(;.  in  For- 
est Lake.  Pa.  In  1896  he  was  a  delegate 
to  tlie  republican  national  convention.  He 
is  a  Bucce.saful  banker  of  Susfpiehanna.  I'a. 
In  18n«-in04  he  was  a  representative  from 
IVnnsylvania  to  the  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth, 
fifty-seventh  and  fifty-eighth  congresses  as 
a   republican. 


Wright,  Charles  Herbert,  civil  and  me- 
clianical  engineer,  author,  was  born  July 
2,  1857,  in  Templeton,  Mass.  In  1879  he 
graduated  from  tlie  Worcester  polytechnic 
institute  of  Massachusetts.  In  1882-84  he 
was  engineer  of  bridges  on  the  Iron  moun- 
tain railroad;  in  1887-98  was  engineer  of 
the  Edgemoor  bridge  works;  and  since  1898 
has  been  chief  engineer  of  the  Brown  hoist- 
ing machine  comjjany  of  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
He  is  the  author  of  Bridge  Drafting;  Plate 
Uirder  Draw  Spans;  The  Designing  of 
Draw  Spans ;  and  a  constant  contributor 
on  Bridge  Designs  to  engineering  journals. 
Wright,  Charles  Jefferson,  soldier,  edu- 
cator, college  president,  was  born  Oct.  21, 
1839,  in  St.  Johnsbury,  Vt.     In  1861  he  eii- 

tered  the  union 
army  in  the  sixteenth 
regiment  New  Hamp- 
shire volunteers;  and 
in  186.5  was  brevet- 
ted  colonel  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious 
services.  In  1872-87 
he  was  principal  of 
the  military  acade- 
my of  Peekskill, 
N.Y.;  and  is  now 
president  of  the  New 
York  military  acade- 
my and  also  of  the  New  Jersey  military 
academy    of    Freehold,   N.J. 

Wright,  Chauncey,  maj;liematician,  au- 
thor, was  born  Sept.  20,  1830,  in  North- 
ampton, ]Mass,  He  was  the  author  of 
Piiilosophical  Discussions.  He  died  Sept. 
12.   187.'),   in   Cambridge,  Mass. 

Wright,  Crafts  James,  soldier,  journalist, 
was  born  July  13,  1808,  in  Troy,  N.Y.  In 
1840  he  was  assistant  editor  of  the  Cincin- 
nati Gazette;  and  in  1847-54  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Gazette  company.  He  served 
through  the  civil  war;  and  attained  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general.  He  died  July 
23,    1883,    in    Ciiieago,   111. 

Wright,  Daniel  B.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Tennessee.  In  1853-57  he  was  a  rt'p- 
nsentative  from  iNiississippi  to  the  thirty- 
third  and  thirty-fourth  congresses.  He  died 
in   Salem.   Miss. 

Wright,  Daniel  Thew,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Sept.  24,  1864,  in  Riverside,  Ohio.  In 
1887  he  b(-gan  the  practice  of  law  at  Cin- 
cinnati. Ohio,  and  was  a  specialist  as  a 
trial  lawyer.  In  1890-93  he  was  first  as- 
sistant pro.secutiiig  attorney  of  Hamilton 
county,  Ohio;  and  in  1893-98  was  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas.  Since  1903  he 
has  been  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
the    District    of    ('oliiinliia. 

Wright,  Ebenezer  Kellogg,  banker,  was 
born  .luly  28,  1837,  in  Rome,  N.Y.  In  18.19 
he  moved  to  N(fW  York  City  ami  secured 
the  position  of  assistant  teller  in  the  Park 
national  bank.  In  1878  the  stockholders 
elected  him  a  director;  in  1888  second  vice- 
president;  and  in  1890  president.  He  died 
in    1908   in   New   York   City. 


782 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wright,  Edward,  soldier,  was  born  June 
27,  1824,  in  Salem,  Ohio.  He  saw  much 
active  service  in  the  civil  war  and  at  its  close 
was  brevetted  brigadier -general  for  his  ex- 
cellent war  record.  He  was  returned  to 
the  Iowa  state  legislature  where  he  had 
served  in  1857-61;  and  elected  speaker  in 
1865.  In  1866  he  became  secretary  of  state. 
He  died  Dec.  6,  1895,  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 
Wright,  Edward  D.,  poet,  was  born  Oct. 
11,  1851),  in  Wayne  county,  Ind.  He  is  the 
author  of  a  volume  entitled  Modern  Poems. 
Wright,  Edward  E.,  lawyer,  author,  poet, 
was  born  April  23,  1859,  in  Harrisville, 
Ohio.  Since  1883  he  has  practiced  law  in 
Council  Bluffs,  Iowa.  He  is  the  author  of 
Everard  and  Eulalia;  and  The  Lightning's 
Flash. 

Wright,  Edwin  R.  V.,  lawyer,  journalist, 
congressman,  was  born  Jan.  2,  1812,  in  ilo- 
boken,  N.J.  In  1843  he  was  elect.  I  to  the 
New  Jersey  state  senate;  and  was  a  lead- 
ing advocate  of  the  present  free  school 
system  of  the  state.  In  1851-56  he  was  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Hudson  county.  He  was 
also  a  major-general  of  militia  for  several 
years,  commanding  the  second  division  of 
the  state.  In  1865-67  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey  to  the  thirty-ninth 
congress.  He  died  Jan.  19,  1871,  in  Jersey 
City,  N.J. 

Wright,  Ellas,  soldier,  was  born  in  New 
York.  In  1861  he  was  second  lieutenant  in 
the  fourth  regiment  New  Jersey  infantry; 
and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers.    He  died  July  2,  1901. 

Wright,  Elizur,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  Feb.  12,  1804,  in  South  Canaan,  Conn. 
In  1829-33  he  was  professor  of  mathema- 
tics and  natural  philosophy  in  Western 
reserve  college,  Hudson,  Ohio.  He  moved 
to  Boston,  Mass.,  and  for  several  years 
was  connected  with  the  press.  He  was  the 
author  of  A  Curiosity  of  Law;  The  Poli- 
tics and  Mysteries  of  Life  Insurance;  Sav- 
ings Bank  Life  Insurance;  Myron  Holley 
and  What  He  did  for  Liberty  and  True  Re- 
ligion; and  a  translation  of  La  Fontaine's 
Fables.  He  died  Nov.  21,  1885,  m  Med- 
ford,    Mass. 

Wright,  Fanny,  reformer,  author,  was 
born  Sept.  6,  1795,  in  Scotland.  She  was 
the  author  of  Altdorf;  A  Few  Days  in 
Athens;  Course  of  Popular  Lectures;  and 
other  works  on  reform  subjects.  She  died 
about   1870. 

Wright,  Francis  Marion,  soldier,  lawyer, 
jurist,  was  born  Aug.  5,  1844,  in  Brier 
Ridge,  Ohio.  He  served  through  the  civil 
war  as  a  private  soldier.  In  1867  he  be- 
gan the  practice  of  law;  and  has  been 
located  at  Cincinnati  and  Georgetown,  Ohio, 
and  at  Urbana,  111.  In  1897-1903  he  was 
judge  of  the  appellate  court  of  Illinois;  in 
1903-05  was  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  of  claims;  and  since  1905  has  been 
judge  of  the  United  States  district  court 
for   the  eastern  district   of   Illinois. 

Wright,   Frink   Ayers,   architect,    author. 


in 


was  born  Nov.  19,  1854,  in  Liberty,  N.Y. 
Since  1879  he  has  practiced  architecture 
in  New  York  City;  and  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  architectural  league  of  New 
York.  He  is  the  author  of  Modern  House 
Painting;  and  Architectural  Perspective  for 
Beginners. 

Wright,  George,  soldier,  was  born  in  1803 
in  Vermont.  He  took  an  active  part  in 
the  war  with  Mexico;  and  for  his  serv- 
ices was  brevetted  to  the  grade  of  colonel. 
In  1858  he  commanded  an  expedition 
against  the  Spokanes  with  whom  he  had. 
several  combats.  In  the  civil  war  he  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-general  for 
long,  faithful  and  meritorious  service.  He 
died  July   30,    1865. 

Wright,  George  Frederick,  clergyman, 
gvolugist,  author,  was  born  Jan.  22,  1838, 
Whitehall,  N.Y.  He  is  a  congregation- 
al clergyman  and  ge- 
ologist; and  in  1884- 
92  was  attached  to 
the  United  States 
geological  survey  in 
the  department  of 
glacial  geology;  and 
during  that  time  was 
a  professor  in  the 
0  b  e  r  lin  theological 
seminary  where  he  is 
now  professor  emeri- 
tus. He  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Glacial 
Boundary  in  Olifo,  Indiana,  and  Kentucky; 
Studies  in  Science  and  Religion;  Logic  of 
Ciiristian  Evidences;  Relation  of  Death  to 
Probation;  Divine  Authority  of  the  Bible; 
Ice  Age  in  North  America ;  Man  and  the 
Glacial  Period;  Life  of  Charles  Grandison 
Finney;  Greenland  Icefields;  Scientific  As- 
pects of  Christianity;  and  Scientific  Con- 
iinnation    of    Old    Testament    History. 

Wright,  George  Grover,  lawyer,  jurist, 
United  States  senator,  was  born  March 
24,  1820,  in  Bloomington,  Ind.  He  moved 
-  to    Iowa    territory    in 

1 S40 ;  served  as  pros- 
ecuting attorney  in 
1847;  and  was  elect- 
ed to  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1849.  In  1854 
he  was  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the 
-uprenie  court  of  the 
^tate;  and  was  elect- 
ed in  1860  and  1865, 
serving  in  1854-70. 
He  was  a  professor 
in  the  law  depart- 
univeisity  in  1865-71. 
United    States    senator. 


nt    of 
1871- 


the    state 
77   he   was 


inei 
In 

In  1890-92  he  was  president  of  the  Ameri- 
can bar  association.  He  died  Jan.  11,  1896, 
in  Des  Moines.  Iowa. 

Wright,  George  Mitchell,  soldier,  lawyer, 
geologist,    was   lun-n   Aug.    8,    1847,    in   Tall- 
niadge,    Ohio, 
assistant 


In 
geologist 


1882    he   was    appointed 
in     the    United    States 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BI0GRAPH1. 


r83 


geological  survey,  and  subseqcuntly  engaged 
in  geological  field  work  for  the  govoniiiiont 
in  Nevada,  California,  Utah,  Wyoming, 
Montana,  Idaho,  and  especially  in  the  Yel- 
lowstone national  park.  In  188G  he  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Akron,  Ohio, 
where  he  now  resides  and  practices  his 
profession.  During  the  Spanish-American 
war  he  served  as  a  stati'  oilicer  in  the  San- 
tiago and  Porto  Rican  campaigns  in  the 
United  States  army.  Since  1892  he  has 
been  an  oliicer  in  the  Ohio  national  guard; 
since  1900  has  been  chief  of  the  stall  of 
divisions;  and  is  also  chief  of  ordnance 
with  the  rank  of  colonel  in  the  Ohio  na- 
tional  guard. 

Wright,  George  Murray,  lawyer,  banker, 
was  born  Dec.  3,  1S52,  in  Orwell,  \  t.  In 
1878  he  began  the  practice  of  law;  and 
since  1884  has  been  located  in  New  York 
City.  He  is  president  of  the  First  nation- 
al bank  of  Orw.'ll,  X.Y. 

Wright,    George    W.,    merchant,    journal- 
ist,   congressman,    was    born    June   4,    1817,- 
in    Concord,    ilass.      In    1850-;')  1    he    was    a 
representative   from   California   to  tne  thir- 
ty-lirNt  congress.     He  died  in  California. 

Wright,  Grant,  illustrator,  author,  was 
horn  Sept.  1,  18.3,1,  in  Decatur,  Mich.  Since 
1884  lie  has  been  an  illustrator  of  booklets. 
He    is    the   author   of   Art   as   a    Caricature. 

Wright,  Harrison,  lawyer,  author,  was 
born  .luly  l.i,  18.")0,  in  Wilkesbarre,  Pa.  He 
was  chosen  secretary  of  the  \\'yoming  his- 
torical and  geohigical  society  of  \^'ilkesbarre 
in  1874;  and  devoted  himself  to  literary 
and  scientific  pursuits.  He  was  tne  author 
of  The  Manuscripts  of  the  Earl  of  Ash- 
burnham,  a  Translation  of  the  Report  to 
the  Minister  of  Public  Instruction  and  Fine 
Arts,  by  Leopold  Delisle,  of  the  National 
Library;  and  (Observations  on  the  Very 
Ancient  Manuscript  of  the  Libri  Collec- 
tion, bv  Leopold  Delisle.  lie  died  Feb.  20, 
188.5.    in    Wilkesbarre,    Pa. 

Wright,  Hendrick  Bradley,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, author,  was  born  April  24,  1808, 
in  Plymouth,  Pa.  He  was  appointed  dis- 
trict attorney  for  lai/.erne  county  in  18.'J4; 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1841-43, 
serving  the  laSl  year  as  speaker.  In  ISoS- 
55.  18(il-fi3  and  1877-81  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  thirty-third,  thirty-seventh, 
forty-fifth  and  fnrty-si.xth  congresses  as  a 
democrat.  He  was  the  author  of  .\  Practi- 
cal Treatise  on  Labor;  and  Historic 
Sketches  of  the  Wvoming  Valley.  He  died 
Sept.  2,  1881.  in  Wilkesbnrre,  >a. 
.  Wright,  Henrietta  Christian,  litterateur, 
nuthor,  was  born  about  1840.  She  is  the 
nuthor  of  The  Golden  Fairy  Series;  Chil- 
dren's Stories  of  American  Progress;  Sto- 
ries of  the  Great  Inventors;  Stories  in 
American  Literature;  Stories  in  English 
Litt-rature;  Stories  of  American  History; 
and  The   Princess  Liliwinkiiis. 

Wright,  Henry  Clarke,  reformer,  lecturer, 
author,  was  born  Aug.  29,  1797,  in  Sliaron, 


mington 


Conn.  He  was  the  author  of  Man-Killing 
by  Individuals  and  Nations  a  Wrong;  A 
Kiss  for  a  Blow;  Defensive  War  a  Denial 
of  Christianity;  Human  Life  Illustrated; 
Mariage  and  Parentage;  and  The  Living 
Present  and  the  Dead  Past.  He  died  Aug. 
16,   1870,   in   Pawtucket,  R,I. 

Wright,  Horatio  Gouverneur,  soldier,  was 
born  JMarch  6,  1820,  in  Clinton,  Conn. 
He  served  through  the  civil  war;  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  major-general  of  Unit- 
ed States  army  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services.  He  retired  from  active  service 
in  1884  with  rank  of  brigadier-general 
and  brevet  major-general.  He  died  July 
2,    1899,   in   Washington,   D.C. 

Wright,  James,  colonial  governor,  was 
burn  in  1714  in  Charleston,  S.C.  In  1760- 
il  he  was  colonial  governor  of  Georgia; 
and  was  the  last  governor  to  administer 
its  artairs  in  the  name  of  the  king.  He 
dii^d  Nov.  20,   1785,   in  London,   England. 

Wright,  James  Homer,  pathologist,  au- 
thor, was  born  April  8,  1809,  in  Pittsburg, 
Pa.  Since  1890  lie  has  been  instructor  in 
pathology  at  the  Harvard  university  medi- 
cal school.  He  is  part  author  of  Path- 
ological   Technique. 

Wright,    John,     antiquarian,     bibliophite, 
author,    was    born    Nov.    20,    1836,    in    Wil- 
Del.     In   1803  he  graduated  from 

the    Union    college    of 

S  c  h  enectady,  N.Y. ; 
received  the  degree  of 
doctor  of  divinity 
from  the  same  insti- 
tution in  18v 1 ;  and 
in  1806  he  graduat- 
ed from  the  Union 
theological  seminary. 
^      "^Av  ^"     1869-74     he     was 

^^M^A   _;  '      rector   of   the   Trinity 
im^^  ^>      cliurch    of    Bay    City, 

_, Mich.;  in  1874-87  was 

rector  of  St.  Mat- 
of  Boston ;  and  since  that 
rector  of  St.  Paul's  church 
of  St.  Paul,  Minn.  Dr.  Wright  has  a  li- 
brary of  ten  thousand  volumes  containing 
rare  Bibles  and  prayer  books,  and  is  con- 
sidered an  authority  on  American  bibli- 
ography. He  is  the  author  of  Early  Bibles 
of  America;  Early  Prayer  Books  of  Anu-r- 
ica;  and  Historic  Bibles  oi  America; 
Prayeis  for  Priest  and  People;  and  Res- 
(oralion  of  the  Rescivation  of  the  Blessed 
SacrauK  lit  for  the  Sick,  lie  has  been  elect- 
ed a  member  of  several  learned  societies  in 
Eurojie  and    Aniciica. 

Wrig"  t,  John  C,  lawyir,  congressman, 
aiitlior.  wiis  born  in  I7.S3  in  Wethersfield, 
(  onn.  His  Law  Urporls  arc  a  ])art  of  all 
good  libraries  in  the  western  states.  For 
many  years  h  •  was  judge  of  the  stale  su- 
preme colli  (.  In  lS23-2!t  he  was  a  rejire- 
scnlafivc  from  ()liio  to  the  I'ighteenth,  nine- 
tci-nlh  and  tvv(iitictli  congresses;  and  was 
for  many  years  the  owner  and  editor  of 
the  ('inciiiiiali   Gazetle.      lie  was  a  delegate 


r« 


thew's  church 
time   has   been 


784 


HERRINGSHAWS   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


to    the    peace    congress    of    18tJl.      He    died 
Feb.    13,    1861,    in    Washington,    D.C. 

Wright,  John  Edward,  journalist,  editor, 
was  born  Oct.  14,  1861,  in  Toulon,  ill. 
Since  1885  he  has  been  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism in  Chicago,  111.  In  1892-1900  he 
was  city  editor;  and  since  1901  has  been 
managing  editor  of  the  Chicago  Evening 
Post.  In  1889-90  he  was  president  of  the 
Press   club. 

Wright,  John  Gibson,  soldier,  was  born 
in  New  York.  In  1861  he  was  captain 
in  the  fifty-first  regiment  New  York  in- 
fantry; and  in  1865  was  breveuLed  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Nov. 
3,    1890. 

Wright,  John  Henry,  educator,  journal- 
ist, was  born  Feb.  4,  1852,  in  Urmiah, 
Persia.  Since  1887  he  has  been  professor 
of  Greek  in  Harvard  university;  nas  been 
editor  of  the  American  Journal  of  xirch- 
aeology;  and  is  editor  of  the  Classical 
Quarterly. 

Wright,  John  Stephen,  manufacturer,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  16,  1815,  in  Shef- 
field, Mass.  He  was  a  Chicago  manufac- 
turer; and  establislied  The  Prairie  Farmer 
in  1840.  He  was  the  author  of  Ciiicago, 
Past,  Present  and  Future.  He  died  Sept. 
26,   1874.   in   Chicago,  111. 

Wright,  John  Vines,  soldier,  lawyer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  28,  1828,  in  Pur- 
dy,  Tenn.  In  1855-61  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Tennessee  to  the  thirty-fourth, 
thirty-fifth  and  thirty-sixth  congresses. 
He  has  been  judge  of  the  circuit  court,  and 
judge  of  the  state  supreme  court. 

Wright,  John  Westley,  physician,  oculist, 
author,  was  born  July  17,  1842,  in  Free- 
port,  Ohio.  He  is  a  successful  oculist  of 
Columbia,  Ohio;  and  is  professor  of  oph- 
thalmology in  the  Ohio  medical  universi- 
ty. He  is  the  author  of  Textbook  of  Oph- 
thalmology. 

Wright,*^  Joseph  Albert,  lawyer,  diplomat, 
congressman,  governor.  United  States  sen- 
ator, was  born  April  17,  1810,  in  Wash- 
ington, Pa.  In  1833  he  was  elected  to  the 
Indiana  state  legislature;  in  1840  was  elect- 
ed to  the  state  senate;  and  in  1843-45  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  twenty-eighth 
congress.  He  was  the  ninth  governor  of 
Indiana  in  1849-57;  and  during  the  latter 
year  was  appointed  minister  to  Prussia.  In 
1861-63  he  was  United  States  senator.  He 
died  May  11.  1867,  in  Berlin.  Germany. 

Wright,  Joseph  Jefferson  Burr,  army  sur- 
geon, was  born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1844  he 
was  major-surgeon  in  a  Pennsylvania  reg- 
iment; and  in  1864  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general.    He  (lied  May   17,   1878. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Julia  McNair,  author,  was 
born  May  1.  1840,  in  Oswego,  N.Y.  She  was 
the  author  of  Almost  a  Nun;  Priest  and 
Nun;  Scenes  of  the  Convent;  The  Gospel 
in  the  Riviera;  A  Wife  Hard  Won;  A  Mil- 
lion Too  Much;  The  Complete  Home;  Bricks 
from  Babel;  and  Scientific  Stories  entitled 
xhe    Sun    and    His    Family;    The    Story    o 


Plant  Life;  and  The  Nature  Readers,  Sea- 
side and  Wayside.  She  died  in  1903  in 
Fulton,  Mo. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Louise,  writer,  founder,  au- 
thor, was  born  Dec.  8,  1846,  in  Providence, 
R.I.  She  was  one  of  the  founders  and  has 
been  president  of  the  Maryland  division  of 
the  United  daughters  of  the  confederacy 
for  twelve  years.  She  is  the  author  of  A 
Southern  Girl  in  1861. 

Wright,  Luther,  educator,  founder,  was 
born  Nov.  24,  1796,  in  Easthampton,  Mass. 
He  was  the  first  principal  of  Williston  sem- 
inary which  he  organized.  He  died  Sept. 
5,  1870,  in  Easthampton,  Mo. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Mabel  Osgood,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1859  in  New  York. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Friendship  of  Na- 
ture, a  series  of  out-door  studies;  Bird- 
craft,  a  field-book  of  New  England  Birds; 
Tommy-Anne  and  tne  Three  Hearts;  a  Nat- 
ural History  Story;  Citizen  Bird,  a  bird 
book  for  beginners;  and  Grey  Lady  and  the 
■  Birds. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Marie  Robinson,  journalist, 
autlior,  was  born  in  1866  in  Newnan,  Ga. 
In  1889  she  was  a  commissioner  from  Geor- 
gia to  the  Paris  exposition.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  Picturesque  Mexico;  The  New  Bra- 
zil:   The  Repul)lic  of  Chile;   and  Bolivia. 

Wright,  Marcus  Joseph,  soldier,  lawyer, 
author,  was  born  June  5,  1831,  in  Purdy, 
Tenn.     He    was    lieutenant-colonel    of    the 

one  hundred  and  fif- 
tj^-fourth  Tennessee 
regiment  confederate 
service ;  and  was 
made  brigadier-gen- 
eral in  1862.  He  was 
military-governor  of 
Columbus,  Ky.  He 
was  subsequently  a 
lawver  of  Memphis, 
Tenn.  In  1878  he  be- 
came agent  for  the 
war  department  for 
the  collection  of  the 
records  of  the  confederate  army.  He  sup- 
plied about  fifty  biographies  of  confederate 
soldiers  to  Appleton's  Encyclopedia  of 
American  Biography.  He  is^he  author  of 
Life  of  General  Winfield  Scott;  Life  of 
Governor  William  Blount;  and  Reminis- 
cences of  the  Early  Settlement  of  McNairy 
County,  Tennessee. 

Wright,  Mrs.  Mary  Tappan,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  December,  1851,  in 
Steubenville,  Ohio.  She  is  a  writer  of  Cam- 
bridge, the  wife  of  Professor  J.  H.  Wright 
of  Harvard  university.  She  is  the  author 
of  A  Truce,  and  Other  Stories;  Aliens;  The 
Test;    and    The    Tower. 

Wright,  Milton,  clergyman,  bishop,  was 
born  Nov.  17,  1828,  in  Rush  county,  Ind. 
In  1877  he  became  bishop  of  the  united 
brethren  in  Christ;  and  until  1881  held 
that  i)ositi{>ii  in  the  western  Mississipj)! 
f  district.    In    1886   he  was   re-elected  bishop 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHy. 


785 


for  a   term  of   four  years  and  sent  to  the 
Piicilir   coast   district. 

Wright,  Maurice  Lauchlin,  hiwycr,  jurist, 
was  born  Nov.  27,  1845,  in  Oswi-go  coun- 
ty. X.Y.    In  his  youth  he  taught  school.    In 

, 1864  he  enlisted  in  the 

navy,  and  was  a  yeo- 
man on  the  United 
States  gunboat  Val- 
ley City  in  tlie  North 
Atlantic  s  q  uadron 
under  the  command 
of  Admiral  Porter.  In 
_^^''%umk^  1870    he    was    gradu- 

^l^^bh^VV^^    ated     from     the     Co- 

^^^^K^^IJ^^^M  ton,  D.C.,  with  the  de- 
gree of  LL.D.  During 
1879-81  ho  was  president  of  the  village  of 
Mexico,  N.Y.;  and  in  1883  was  elected 
county  judge,  receiving  the  re-election  in 
188!).  In  1890  he  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  constitutional  commission  to  revise 
the  judiciary  articles  of  the  constitution. 
In  1891-1905  he  was  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  New  York  for  the  fifth  district. 

Wright,  M3rron  B.,  manufacturer,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  12,  1847,  in  Lake 
Forest,  Pa.  He  has  been  largely  interested 
in  several  financial,  business  and  manufac- 
turing enterprises  in  Susquehanna,  Pa.  In 
1889-95  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fif- 
ty-first, firty-second  and  fifty-tliird  con- 
gresses   as    a    republican. 

Wright,  Nathaniel  Curwin,  journalist, 
correspondent,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1869,  in 
Crawford  county.  Pa.  He  was  educated  at 
De  Pauw  university  in  Indiana;  and  by  pri- 
vate tutors  in  Chicago,  111.  In  1890-92  he 
was  a  reporter,  editorial  writer  and  assist- 
I'nt  city  editor  of  the  Chicago  Daily  News; 
and  in  189:5-1900  was  engaged  as  a  commer- 
cial editor,  staff  correspondent,  Chicago  city 
editor,  night  manager  central  division,  day 
manager  and  a  Chicago  war  correspondent 
in  dispatch  boat  service  during  tlie  Spanish - 
.American  war  for  the  Associated  press.  In 
l!i(JO-0;}  he  was  managing  editor  of  the  Indi- 
anapolis Sentinel;  in  1903-04  was  editor 
and  jjublisher  of  the  Indianapolis  .Toiuual; 
and  in  19(14  was  editor  and  since  1905  has 
been  editor-in-chief  of  the  Cleveland  Lead- 
er. He  is  president  and  director  of  the 
Cleveland    Leader    printing    company. 

Wright,  Orville.  aeronaut,  inventor,  was 
born  Aug.  19,  1871,  in  Dayton,  Oiiio.  Since 
1903.  witli  his  brother  Wilbur,  he  has  de- 
voted Ilia  attention  chiefly  to  the  solution 
of  tlie  ])roblem  of  human  flight.  In  19(13 
tliey  achieved  the  first  flight  with  a  mofor- 
tlriven  flyer  at  Kitty  Hawk,  X.C.  During 
<he  last  five  years  thej'  have  made  hundreds 
of  flights  in  .America  and  Europe. 

Wright,  Robert,  congressman.  United 
States  .senator,  governor,  was  born  about 
1765  in  Kent  county,  Md.  In  1801-07  he 
was  United  States  senator  from  Maryland, 
lie    was   at   one  time    member  of  the  state 


executive  council.  He  was  the  ninth  gov- 
ernor of  Maryland  in  1805-09.  In  1810-17 
and  1821-23  he  was  a  representative  from 
Maryland  to  the  eleventh,  twelfth,  thir- 
teenth, fourteenth  and  seventeenth  con- 
gresses. He  died  Sept.  7,  1826,  in  Queens- 
town,  Md. 

Wright,  Robert  Emmet,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  1810  in  Allentowu,  Pa.  He  is 
a  lawyer  of  Allentown,  Pa.  He  is  the  au- 
tnor  of  Aldermen  and  Justices  of  the 
Peace;  The  Oilice  and  Duties  of  Constable; 
and    Pennsylvania    State    Reports,    1861-65. 

Wright,  Robert  William,  lawyer,  journal- 
ist, author,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1816,  in  Lud- 
low. Vt.  He  was  a  Connecticut  lawyer  and 
journalist.  He  was  the  author  of  The 
Church  Knaviad;  Vision  of  Judgment;  The 
Pious  Chi-Neh;  Life:  Its  True  Genesis,  a 
refutation  of  evolution;  and  Practical  Le- 
gal Forms.  He  died  Jan.  9,  1885,  in  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 

Wright,  Rufus,  painter,  artist,  was  born 
in  1832  in  Cleveland,  Ohio.  His  professional 
life  has  been  spent  in  New  York,  Wash- 
ington and  Brooklyn.  His  portraits  in- 
clude those  of  Roger  B.  Taney;  Edwin  M. 
Stanton;  and  William  H.  Seward.  About 
1875  he  turned  his  attention  also  to  the 
painting  of  composition  pictures. 

Wright,  Samuel  G.,  statesman,  was  born 
in  1787.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
a  member-elect  of  congress  from  New  Jer- 
sev.  He  died  July  30,  1845,  near  Allentown, 
N.J. 

Wright,  Silas,  soldier,  lawyer.  United 
States  senator,  governor,  was  born  May  24, 
1795.  in  Amherst,  Mass.    In  1819  he  settled 

in  the  practice  of 
:  the  law  at  Canton, 
■\  N.Y'.  He  was  soon 
made  a  magistrate 
and  postmaster  of 
his  town;  and  surro- 
gate of  his  county. 
He  early  raised  a  uni- 
formed militia  rifle 
company,  of  which 
he  was  captain,  from 
which  position  he  rose 
to  be  colonel  of  a 
rifle  regiment;  and 
became  a  briga<lier-general  of  infantry  in 
1827.  In  1823-27  he  was  a  member  of"  the 
state  senate  ;  and  in  1827-31  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  twentieth  and  twenty- 
first  congresses.  In  1831-45  he  was  United 
States  senator,  and  in  1844  he  was  the 
fourteenth  governor  of  New  Y'ork.  He  died 
.\ug.  2/.    1S47.  in   Canton.  N.Y. 

Wright,  Thomas,  retir«'d  merchant,  cap- 
italist, was  born  Jan.  27,  1841.  in  New  York 
City.  In  1866-96  he  was  engaged  in  the 
cigar  business  in  St.  Louis,  wliicli  is  now 
ctintinued  by  his  brother  under  the  incor- 
porated name  of  the  T.  Wright  and  com- 
pany cigar  company.  He  is  vice-president 
of  the  Third  national  bank  of  St.  Louis; 
and    also    president   of   the   Chemical    i)uil(l- 


786 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


ing  company,  the  New  imperial  building- 
company,  the  Montary  realty  and  building 
company,  and  tlie  Thomas  Wright  invest- 
ment company.  He  served  throughout  the 
civil  war  in  a  New  York  regiment,  attain- 
ing the  rank  of   lieutenant-colonel. 

Wright,  Thomas  Lee,  physician,  journal- 
ist, autlior,  was  born  Aug.  7,  1825,  in  Wind- 
ham, Ohio.  He  is  a  physician  and  journal- 
ist of  Bellefontaine,  Ohio.  He  is  the  author 
of  Notes  on  the  Theory  of  Human  Exist- 
ence; Disquisition  on  the  Ancient  History 
of  Medicine;  and  Inebriism:  a. Pathological 
and  Psychological  Study. 

Wright,  Turbett,  congressman.  In  1781- 
82  he  was  a  delegate  from  Maryland  to  the 
continental  congress.    He  died  in  Maryland. 

Wright,  Wilbur,  aeronaut,  inventor,  was 
born  April  16.  1807,  in  Millville,  Ind.  Since 
1903,  with  his  brother  Orville,  he  has  de- 
voted much  of  his  time  to  a  heavier-than- 
air  flying  machine,  patented  by  Wright 
brotliers  in  the  leading  countries  of  the 
world. 


Wright,     William,     congressman, 
States  senator,  fovernor,  was  born 
.Y.     He    was    a 
soldier     for 


in    Clarkstown, 


United 
in  1794 
volunteer 
the  de- 
fence of  Stonington, 
Conn.,  in  the  war  of 
1812.  For  seven  years 
he  was  engaged  as  a 
saddler  in  Bridge- 
port, Conn.,  and  ac- 
quired a  fortune.  In 
1840-43  he  was  a 
mayor  of  Newark,  N. 
J.;  and  in  1843-47 
was  a  representative 
from  New  Jersey  to 
the  twenty-eighth 
and  twenty-ninth  congresses.  In  1855-59  and 
1863-67  he  was  a  United  States  senator. 
He  was  chairman  of  the  committee  of  man- 
ufactures; cliairman  on  the  committee  of 
the  contingent  expenses  of  the  senate;  and 
served  on  the  committee  of  public  lands 
and  revolutionary  claims.  He  died  Nov.  1, 
1866,  in  Newark,' N.J. 

Wright,  William,  journalist,  autlior,  was 
born  in  1824  in  Ireland.  He  was  a  journal- 
ist of  Paterson,  N.J.  He  w^as  the  author  of 
The  Oil  Regions  of  Pennsjdvania.  He  died 
March  13.  1886,  in  Paterson,  N.J. 

Wright,  William  A.,  physician,  was  born 
I\lay  !),  1857,  in  Spark  county,  111.  He  was 
educated  in  the  literary  and  medical  de- 
partments of  Chuddock  college  of  Quincy,  111., 
receiving  his  degree  of  M.D.  in  1888  from 
tlie  school  of  medicine  of  that  institution 
of  learning.  He  has  attained  success  in  his 
profession  at  Thayer.  Iowa;  and  for  four 
years  was  mayor  of  his  city.  He  is  medical 
examiner  for  the  New  York  life,  Mutual 
life,  Manhattan  life,  Washington  life  and 
Nortliwestern  nuitual  life  insurance  com- 
panies; and  medical  examiner  for  tlie  ]\Iod- 
cni   woodmen  of  America  and  other  frater- 


nal organizations.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
American  medical  association,  American 
association  of  life  insurance  examining  sur- 
geons, the  Southwestern  Iowa  medical  as- 
sociation, the  Union  county  medical  asso- 
ciation and  of  the  Iowa  state  medical  asso- 
ciation. 

Wright,  William  Arter,  educator,  clergy- 
man, was  born  Jan.  23,  1857,  in  New  Cum- 
berland, Ohio.  In  1878  he  established  the 
Conception  college  in  Chile,  South  America. 
He  has  tilled  the  chair  of  historical  theolo- 
gy in  the  Maclay  school  of  theology  of  San 
Fernando,  Cal.  He  is  a  distinguished  cler- 
gyman of  the  methodist  episcopal  church; 
and  has  filled  pastorates  in  Massachusetts, 
Rliode  Island  and  California. 

Wright,  William  Bull,  physician,  educa- 
tor, author,  poet,  was  born  Sept.  29,  1840, 
in  Orange  county,  N.Y.  In  1871-78  he  was 
professor  of  ancient  languages  in  the  nor- 
mal school  at  Buft'alo,  N.Y.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Highland  Rambles,  a  Poem;  and  The 
Brook,  and  Other  Poems.  He  died  March 
29,   1880.  in  Atlanta.  Ga. 

Wright,  William  Burnet,  clergyman,  au- 
tlior, was  born  April  15,  1838,  in  Cincin- 
nati. Ohio.  He  was  educated  at  Dartmouth, 
at  Andover  seminary,  and  at  tlie  univtr- 
sities  of  Berlin  and  Halle.  He  was  a  con- 
gregational clergyman  of  Boston,  and  more 
recently  a  presbyterian  clergyman  of  Buf- 
falo; and  has  filled  pastorates  in  Chicago, 
Boston  and  New  Britain.  He  is  the  author 
of  Ancient  Cities  from  the  Dawn  to  the 
Daylight;  The  World  to  Come;  Master  and 
Men ;  and  The  Sermon  on  the  Mountain 
Practiced  on  the  Plain. 

Wright,  William  Henry,  civil  engineer, 
autlior,  was  born  in  1814  in  Wilmington, 
N.C.  He  was  a  military  engineer  in  govern- 
ment service.  He  was  the  author  of  Brief 
Practical  Treatise  on  Mortars.  He  died  Dec. 
20,  1845,  in  Wilmington,  N.C. 

Wright,  William  Janes,  clergyman,  edu- 
cator, author,  was  born  Aug.  3,  1831,  in 
AVeybridge,  Yt.  He  was  a  presbyterian 
clergyman  and  educator;  and  professor  of 
metaphysics  at  Westminster  college  of  Mis- 
souri in  1887.  He  was  the  author  of  Tracts 
on  Higher  ]\Iathematics.  He  died  in  Fulton, 
Mo. 

Wuchter,  Astor  Clinton,  linguist,  clergy 
man.  poet,  was  born  Feb.  4,  1856,  in  Jack- 
sonville, Pa.  He  attended  the  Millersville 
state  normal  school;  studied  three  years 
in  Paris;  and  attended  the  Lutheran  theo- 
logical seminary  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He 
l;as  been  professor  of  languages  in  Paris, 
France;  has  been  a  successful  instructor 
in  music:  and  gained  a  national  reputation 
as  an  eminent  lutheran  clergyman  of  Penn- 
Fvlvania,  and  has  filled  pastorates  in  that 
state  at  Summit  Hill,  Weissport,  and  Gil- 
bert. He  is  also  the  author  of  a  number 
of  meritorious  jioems  which  have  appeared 
ill  current  literature. 

WulUng,  Frederick  John,  educjitor.  jiliar- 


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macologist,  stientist,  author,  was  born  Dec. 
24,  18til5,  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y.  Since  1892  lie 
has  been  dean  of  the  faculty  ami  inofessor 
of  pharmaceutical  chemistry  in  the  univer- 
sity of  Minnesota.  He  is  the  author  of 
^ledieal  ami  Pharmaceutical  Chemistry;  and 
Evolution  of  Botany. 

Wurts,  Alexander,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
18r);j-t>I  he  was  chief  justice  of  tlie  supreme 
court   of   New   Jersey. 

Wurts,  Alexander  Jay,  electrical  engi- 
neer, inventor,  was  born  March  3,  18G2,  in 
Carbondale,  Pa.  He  discovered  the  five  non- 
arcing  metals.  For  inventions  in  lightning 
arresters  he  was  awarded  tlie  John  Scott 
medal.  He  is  now  with  the  Westinghouse 
electric  and  manufacturing  company  of 
Pittsburgh,   Pa. 

Wurts,  George  Washington,  diplomat, 
was  burn  Marcli  20,  1S43,  in  Trenton,  N.J. 
In  1802-f)8  he  was  secretary  of  the  legation 
at  Florence  and  Rome,  Italy.  In  1884,  1888 
and  ISSlt  he  served  as  charge  d'affaires  to 
Russia. 

Wurts,  John,  lawyer,  author,  was  born 
July  10,  1855,  in  Carbondale,  Pa.  He  is 
professor  of  law  in  Yale  university.  In 
1884-!l(i  he  practiced  law  in  Jacksonville, 
Fla.  He  is  the  author  of  Index-Digest  of 
Florida  Reports;  and  Cases  in  Federal 
Practice. 

Wurtz,  Henry,  ciiemist,  scientist,  was 
born  June  .'),  1825,  in  Kaston,  Pa.  His  orig- 
inal work  included  the  discovery  of  the 
mineral  Jiisingerite  in  America;  the  inven- 
tion of  methods  for  the  production  of  alum 
from  green  sand  marl;  and  potassium  cldo- 
ride  and  potassium  sulpliate  from  similar 
sources.  In  1888  he  entered  the  employ  of 
Thomas  A.  Edison  as  chemist.  In  187(5  he 
served  as  a  judge  on  the  international  jiuy 
of  awards  at  tlie  Centennial  fair  in  Piiil- 
ad(dphia.  Pa. 

Wurtz,  John,  congres.sman,  was  born  in 
Morris  ((iniity.  N.J.  In  1825-27  he  was  a 
icprt'sentative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
nineteenth  congress.  He  died  April  23,  1861, 
ill   Rome.   Italy. 

Wyant,  Alexander  Helwig,  jiainttr.  artist, 
was  born  Jan.  11.  183(i,  in  Port  Washing- 
ton, Ohio.  He  was  elected  an  associate  of 
the  National  academy  in  18fi8;  and  an 
academician  in  180!).  Among  his  works  in 
oil  ;ire  A  Storm;  Scene  on  the  I'pper  Sus- 
quehanna; Shore  of  Lake;  Champlain;  ami 
Po(d  on  the  Ausable.  His  water-colors  in- 
clude Scene  on  the  Upper  Little  Miami; 
New  Jersey  Meadows;  Sunset  on  the  Prair- 
ie; and  Heininisceme  of  the  Connecticut. 
He  died  Nov.  20,  1K!)2,  in  New  York  City. 

Wyatt,  Eaith  Franklin,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  bdin  Se|)t.  14.  1873,  in  Tomali. 
Wis.  She  is  a  writer  of  Chicago,  111.  She 
is  the  author  of  Every  One  His  fiwn  Way; 
and  True   Love. 

Wyatt,  Francis,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  about  1575  in  ]';n;,'laml.  He  was  co- 
lonial govt-rnor  of  \'irginia   in   1621-20;   and 


with  a  Heet  of  nine  sails  arrived  there  in 
October  of  that  year.  He  died  in  1644  in 
l']iighimi. 

Wyatt,  William  Edward,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  July  9,  1789,  in  Nova  Sco- 
tia. He  was  an  episcopal  clergyman  of 
Haltimore;  and  rector  of  St.  Paul's  church 
in  1814-04.  He  was  the  author  of  Cliristian 
Ollices;  and  The  Parting  Spirit's  Address 
to  His  :Mother.  He  died  June  24,  1864,  in 
Pniltimore,   Md. 

Wyche,  James  E.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  in  Mississippi.  He  moved  to  Mich- 
igan; and  was  appointed  from  that  state 
an  associate  justice  of  the  United  States 
court  for  the  territory  of  Washington,  re- 
siding at  Vancouver.  He  died  in  Vancouv- 
er,  Wash. 

Wyckoff,  Walter  Augustus,  traveler,  ed- 
ucator, autlior,  was  born  April  12,  1865,  in 
India.  He  is  professor  of  political  economy 
in  Princeton  university  of  New  Jersey. 
He  is  the  author  of  The  Workers,  in  two 
volumes;  and  A  Day  with  a  Tramp,  and 
Other    Days. 

Wyckoff,  William  Cornelius,  journalist, 
author,  was  born  May  28,  1832,  in  New 
York  City.  He  was  the  scientific  editor 
of  the  New  Y'ork  Tribune  in  1809-78;  and 
secretary  of  the  American  silk  association 
in  1878-88.  He  was  the  author  of  Silk 
Goods  in  America;  and  American  Silk 
Manufacture.  He  died  May  2,  1888,  in 
Riooklyn,  N.Y'. 

Wyckoff,  William  Henry,  clergyman,  ed- 
ucator, author,  was  born  Sept.  10,  1807,  in 
New  York  City.  In  1846  he  was  called  to 
the  ministry  of  the  Laight  street  Baptist 
church,  New  Y'ork  City.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  American  Bible  Society  and  the 
Baptists;  and  Documentary  History  of  the 
American  Bible  Union.  He  died  Nov.  2, 
1877.  in  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

Wyckoff,  William  Ozmun,  soldier,  law- 
yer, manufacturer,  was  born  Feb.  16,  1845, 
in  Lansing,  N.Y.  About  1882  he  establish- 
ed the  firm  of  Wyckofl',  Seamans  and  Bene- 
dict, with  about  twenty  thousand  dollars 
of  capital,  and  made  a  contract  with  E. 
Remington  and  Sons  wherebj'  the  firm  be- 
came sole  agents  for  the  sale  of  the  ma- 
chines. Their  business  continuing  to  ex- 
pand, WyckoiV,  Seamans  and  Benedict  were 
iiicorporateil  in  1892  with  a  capital  stock 
of  three  million  dollars.  He  died  July  11, 
1895.   at   the   Tliousand   Islands,  N.Y". 

Wyer,  James  Ingersoll,  educator,  libra- 
rian, biiiliograplier,  was  born  May  14,  1869, 
ill  Re.l  Wing,  Minn.  In  1898-1905  he  was 
librarian  and  professor  of  bibliography  at 
the  university  of  Nebraska.  In  1901-05  he 
was  jiresideiit  of  the  Nebraska  jiublic  libra- 
ry commission.  Since  1901  he  has  been  secre- 
larv  of  the  .\merican  library  association. 

Wyeth,  John  Allan,  surgeon,  author,  was 
born  May  26,  1845,  in  Missionary  Station, 
.Ma.  He  is  a  surgeon  of  New  York  City; 
and  founder  in  1880  of  the  New  York  poly- 


788 


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Pa. 

col- 
English 


clinic  and  hospital.  He  was  surgeon  to  Mt. 
Sinai  hospital  of  New  York  in  1880-97,  the 
first  graduate  medical  school  in  America. 
He  is  the  author  of  Essays  on  Surgical 
Anatomy  and  Surgery;  Text-Book  on  Sur- 
gery;  Life  of  General  N.  B.  Forrest. 

Wyeth,  Louis  Weiss,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  June  20,  1812,  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.  In 
1874  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  fifth  ju- 
dicial district  of  Alabama;  and  later  was 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Alabama. 
He  died  July  7,  1889,  in  Marshall  county, 
Ala. 

Wyeth,  Nathaniel  Jarvis,  pioneer,  explor- 
er, was  born  Jan.  29,  1802,  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.  He  built  Fort  William  on  the  Colum- 
bia; and  established  a  settlement  on  Wap- 
patoo  Island.    He  died  Aug.  31,  1856. 

Whyland,  Clavin  Arthur,  merchant,  found- 
er, was  born  June  9,  1858,  in  Akron,  111.  In 
1880  he  was  established  as  a  commission 
merchant  and  stock  broker.  He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  account  system  now 
used  in   the  Chicago  stock  exchange. 

Wylie,  Andrew,  clergyman,  author, 
born  April  12,  1789,  in  Washington, 
He  was  elected  president  of  Indiana 
lege  in  1818.  He  was  the  author  of 
Grammar;  Eulogy  on  General  Lafayette; 
Sectarianism  in  Heresy;  and  baccalaureate 
and  other  addresses.  He  died  Nov.  11,  1851, 
in  Bloomington,  Ind. 

Wylie,  Andrew,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
Feb.  25,  1814,  in  Canonsburgh,  Washington 
county,  Pa.  In  1863  President  Lincoln  ap- 
pointed him  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  the  District  of  Columbia,  which  office 
he  filled  with  honor  and  ability  for  more 
than  twenty-two  years.  He  died  in  1905 
in    Washington,   D.C. 

Wylie,  Mrs.  Edna  Edwards,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  April  17,  1876,  in  Sibley, 
Iowa.  She  is  the  wife  of  Reverend  E.  M. 
Wylie  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  She  is  the  au- 
thor of  The  Blue  Valley  Feud;  The  Will  of 
the  Caxtons;  The  Refining  of  Mary  Ann; 
The  Little  Dream  Playmate;  and  The  Ward 
of  the  Sewing  Circle.  She  died  Nov.  25,  1907, 
in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Wylie,  Richard  Cameron,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  27,  1846,  in  Zanesville, 
Ohio.    He  was  educated  in  the  Muskingum 

college  of  Mew  Con- 
cord, Ohio,  where  he 
has  received  the  hon- 
orary degree  of  LL. 
D. ;  and  was  a  stu- 
dent in  the  Reformed 
presbyterian  theolog- 
ical seminary  in  Al- 
legheny, Pa. ;  where 
he  has  received  the 
degrees  of  A.B.,  A.M. 
and  D.D. 
he  was 
Hopkinton 

two  years  he  was  district  secretary  and  lec- 
turer  for   the   National   reform   association. 


In  1875-82 
pastor  of 
Iowa.    For 


In  1884-91  he  was  pastor  of  the  Reformed 
presbyterian  church  of  Cedar  Lake,  Ind.; 
and  in  1891  was  called  to  a  pastorate  in 
Wilkinson,  Pa.  Since  1908  he  has  been  pro- 
fessor of  biblical  literature  in  the  Reform- 
ed presbyterian  theological  seminary.  He 
is  managing  editor  of  the  Christian  States- 
man. He  is  the  author  of  Our  Educational 
System:  Is  It  Christian  or  Secular;  and 
Sabbath  Laws  in  the  United  States. 

Wylie,  Laura  Johnson,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  1,  1855,  in  Milton,  Pa.  Since 
1897  she  has  been  professor  of  English  at 
Vassar  college  of  Pougnkeepsie,  N.Y.  She 
is  the  author  of  Studies  in  the  Evolution 
of  English  Criticism. 

Wylie,  Samuel  Brown,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  May  21,  1773,  in  Ireland.  He  was 
pastor  of  the  First  reformed  presbyterian 
church  of  Philadelphia  for  fifty-one  years. 
He  was  the  author  of  The  Faithful  Ministry 
of  Magistracy  and  Ministry  upon  a  Scrip- 
tural Basis;  and  Life  of  Alexander  McLeon, 
He  died  Oct.   14,   1852,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WyUe,  Theodore  William  John,  clergy- 
man, author,  was  born  Oct.  3,  1818,  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.  In  1852  he  became  pastor  of 
the  First  presbyterian  church  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  English, 
Latin  and  Greek  Vocabulary;  The  God  of 
Our  Fathers;  and  Washington  as  a  Chris- 
tian. He  died  June  11,  1898,  in  Philadel- 
pliia,  Pa. 

Wylie,  Theophilus  Adam,  clergyman,  educa- 
tor, author,  was  born  Oct.  8,  1810,  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.  He  was  a  reformed  presbyterian 
clergyman;  and  professor  of  ancient  lan- 
guages in  the  university  of  Indiana  in  1864- 
95.  He  was  the  author  of  History  of  the 
University  of  Indiana.  He  died  June  11, 
1895,  in  Bloomington,  111. 

Wylie,  Walker  Gill,  soldier,  physician, 
surgeon,  founder,  author,  was  born  Sept. 
2,  1848,  in  Chester,  S.C.  He  served  in  the 
confederate  army  in  1864-65.  In  1882  he 
assisted  in  founding,  and  became  professor 
of  gynecology  in  the  New  York  polyclinic. 
He  is  the  author  of  Hospitals,  Their  Organ- 
ization and  Construction. 

Wyllys,  George,  governor,  was  born  about 
1570  in  England.  He  was  deputy  governor 
of  Connecticut  in  1641;  and  governor  in 
1642.  He  died  March  9,  1645,  in  Hartford, 
Conn. 

Wyllys,  George,  pviblic  official,  was  born 
Oct.  6,  1710,  in  Hartford,  Conn,  For  six- 
ty years  he  was  secretary  of  the  colony 
(hiring  which  he  attended  every  session  of 
tlie  legislature.  He  was  town  clerk  of  Hart- 
ford from  1730  until  his  death;  became  a 
captain  of  militia  in  1738  and  held  a  com- 
mission of  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  French 
war  in  1757.  He  died  April  24,  1796,  in 
Hartford,  Conn. 

Wyllys,  Samuel,  soldier,  \\  as  born  Jan.  15, 
1839,  in  Hartford,  Conn.  In  1796  he  succeeded 
liis  father  as  secretarv  of  Connecticut  which 
jiost  he  held  until  "1809.  The  office  had 
been  occupied  by  his  grandfather,  his  father 


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and  himself  in  uninterrupted  succession  for 
ninety-eight  years.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Connecticut  academy  of  arts  and  sci- 
ences;-and  for  many  years  brigadier-gen- 
al  and  major-general  of  militia.  He  died 
June  n,   1823.  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Wyman,  Addison  P.,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  June  23,  1832,  in  Cornish,  N.H. 
In  1809  he  founded  a  music  school  at  Clare- 
mont,  N.H.  He  was  the  author  of  Silvery 
Waves;  Woodland  Echoes;  Moonlight  Mus- 
ings; Music  Among  the  Pines,  and  other 
songs.  He  died  April  15,  1872,  in  Wash- 
ington.  Pa. 

Wyman,  Edwin  Allen,  soldier,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  poet,  was  born  April  15, 
1834,  in  .^Kowhcgan,  Maine.  He  was  edu- 
cated in  Bloomfield  academy,  Colby  college, 
and  at  Rochester  theological  seminary.  He 
was  in  the  battle  of  Five  Forks  during  the 
civil  war.  He  was  pastor  of  several  church- 
es ;  professor  of  intellectual  and  moral 
philosophy  in  Louisiana  college;  was  re- 
ligious and  literary  editor  of  the  Boston 
Daily  Traveler;  and  then  filled  a  pastorate 
in  Maiden,  Mass.  He  was  author  of  Ac- 
quaintance with  God,  or  Salvation  and 
Character;  Ships  by  Day;  and  a  volume  of 
poems.    He  died  in  1906  in  Maiden,  Mass. 

Wyman,  Horace,  manufacturer,  financier, 
genealogist,  was  born  Nov.  27,  1827.  He  has 
been  vice-president  and  manager  of  the 
Crompton  loom  works;  a  director  of  the 
national  bank;  manager  of  the  People's 
savings  bank;  and  is  now  president  of  tne 
Worcester  storage  company.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  the  Wyman  Genealogy. 

Wyman,  Jeffries,  physician,  educator,  sci- 
entist, author,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1814,  in 
Chelmsford,  ]\Iass.  He  was  a  physician  and 
scientist  of  distinction;  and  Hersey  pro- 
fessor of  anatomy  in  Harvard  university 
in  1847-74.  He  was  the  author  of  Frcsh- 
Water  Shell-Mounds  of  tlie  St.  John's  Riv- 
er, Florida;  and  many  scientific  mono- 
graphs of  much  value.  He  died  Sept.  4, 
1874,  in  Bethlehem,  N.H. 

Wyman,  Mrs.  Lillie  Buffum,  author,  was 
born  in  1837  in  Rhode  Island.  She  is  the 
author  of  Poverty  Grass,  a  collection  of 
short  stories. 

Wyman,  Morrill,  physician,  autlior,  was 
born  July  25,  1812,  in  Chelmsford,  Mass. 
He  was  a  physician  of  Cambridge,  Mass. 
He  was  the  author  of  Practical  Treatise  on 
Ventilation;  Progress  in  Scliool  Discipline; 
and  Autumnal  Catarrh.  He  died  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Wyman,  Robert  Harris,  naval  ofTicer,  was 
born  July  12,  1822,  in  Portsmouth,  N.H. 
He  was  commander  in  the  United  States 
navy  in  18G2;  captain  in  186C;  chief  hy- 
drographer  in  1869;  and  rear-admiral  in 
1878.  He  died  Dec.  2,  1882,  in  Washington, 
D.C. 

Wyman,  Thomas  White,  naval  oflicer,  was 
born  ^liucli  24,  1703,  in  Roxbury.  Mass. 
He  commanded  the  flagship  Columbus,  1845- 


48.  He  was  commandant  of  Portsmouth 
navy  yard  in  1849-51.  He  died  Feb.  24,  1854, 
in  Italy. 

Wyman,  Walter,  physician,  founder,  was 
born  Aug.  17,  1848,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.  He 
was  in  the  United  States  marine  service ; 
and  gave  special  attention  to  physicial  con- 
ditions affecting  seamen  of  merchant  ma- 
rine; and  was  instrumental  in  having  laws 
passed  for  their  benefit.  In  1891-1902  he 
was  surgeon-general  in  the  United  States 
marine  hospital  service;  and  later  in  the 
jiublic  health  and  marine  hospital  service, 
lie  establislied  the  first  government  sani- 
torium  for  consumptives  at  Fort  Station, 
N.  Mex.  He  died  Nov.  21,  1911,  in  Wash- 
ington. D.C. 

Wyman,  William  Stokes,  educator,  leg- 
islator, historian,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1830, 
in  Montgomery,  Ala.  Soon  after  his  gradu- 
tion  he  was  appointed  professor  in  the  uni- 
versit}'  of  Alabama,  in  which  position  he 
lias  continued  almost  continuously  for  near- 
1}'  half  a  century,  occasionally  acting  as 
president;  and  in  1901-02  was  president. 
He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Alabama  as- 
sembly; and  has  long  been  a  recognized 
authority  on  the  history  of  his  native  state. 
He  is  the  author  of  Syntax  of  the  Latin 
Compound  Sentence;  and  The  Trial  of  Milo. 

Wynkoop,  George  Campbell,  soldier,  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  Sept. 
29,  1882. 

Wynkoop,  Gerardus  Hilles,  educator,  phy- 
sician, surgeon,  was  born  June  4,  1843,  in 
Wilmington,  Del.  He  began  the  practice  of 
medicine  in  New  York  City;  and  s^on  ac- 
(juired  a  wide  and  creditable  reputation.  In 
1878  he  became  a  school  trustee  of  New 
York   City. 

Wynkoop,  Henry,  soldier,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, congressman,  was  born  March  2,  1737. 
in  Bucks  county.  Pa.  He  represented  his 
county  in  the  committee  of  safety  in  1776; 
and  in  1779-83  he  was  a  delegate  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  continental  congress.  He 
was  a  lieutenant  in  the  revolutionary  armj'^; 
justice  of  common  pleas;  and  in  1789-91  lu^ 
was  a  representative  to  the  first  congress; 
and  associate  judge  of  his  county  in  1789- 
1812.  He  died  "March  25,  1816,  in 'his  native 
county. 

Wynkoop,  Richard,  clergyman,  genealo- 
gist, was  born  Dec.  16,  1798.  in  New  York 
City.  He  served  as  missionary  of  the  Dutch 
church  at  Cato,  N.Y.  He  was  tiie  author  of 
the  Schureman  Genealogy.  He  died  April 
5,  1842.  in  TIngerstown,  Md. 

Wynkoop,  Richard,  lawyer,  genealogist, 
author,  was  born  June  29,  1829,  in  York- 
town,  N.Y.  In  1852-64  he  practiced  law  in 
New  York  City.  He  has  been  identified 
since  1875  with  Brooklyn.  N.Y.  He  is  the 
author  of  The  Wynkoop  Genealogy;  Sehure- 
nian  Genealogy;  Documenting  of  Vessels; 
Clearance  and  Entrance  of  Vessels;  and 
Vessels   and   Voyages. 


790 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Wynn,  Richard,  soldier,  congressman,  was 
born  about  1750  in  Eastern  Virginia.  He 
entered  the  military  service  early  in  the 
revolutionary  war;  in  1775  was  lieutenant 
of  South  Carolina  Rangers;  and  at  its  close 
was  appointed  a  brigadier  and  then  a  ma- 
jor-general of  militia.  In  1793-97  and  1801- 
13  he  was  a  representative  from  South  Car- 
olina to  the  third,  fourth  and  the  seventh 
to  the  twelfth  congresses.  He  died  in  1813 
in  Tennessee. 

Wynn,  Thomas,  planter,  state  senator, 
congressman,  was  born  in  1704  in  Hertford 
county,  N.C.  He  was  a  general  of  militia; 
and  served  a  number  of  years  in  the  North 
Carolina  liouse  of  commons  and  state  sen- 
ate. In  1801-07,  and  in  1800-08  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  seventh,  eighth  and 
ninth  congresses;  and  was  a  presidential 
elector.  He  died  June  3,  1825,  in  Hertford 
county,  N.C. 

Wynn,  William  Joseph,  machinist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  June  12,  1860,  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.  In  1901  he  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  as  a  representative  of  the 
union  labor  party.  In  1903-05  he  was  a 
representative  from  California  to  the  fifty- 
eighth   congress. 

Wynne,  Mrs.  Emma  Moffett,  litterateur, 
author,  was  born  in  1844  in  Alabama.  She 
is  a  Georgia  writer;  and  is  the  author  of 
Craigfont,  a  novel. 

Wynne,  James,  physician,  author,  was 
born  in  1814  in  Utica,"N.Y.  He  was  a  phy- 
sician of  New  York  City;.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Lives  of  Eminent  Literary  and  Sci- 
entific Men  of  America;  Importance  of  the 
Study  of  Legal  Medicine;  and  The  Private 
Libraries  of^New  York.  He  died  Feb.  11, 
1871,  in  Central  America. 

Wynne,  Mrs.  Madeline  Yale,  artist,  au- 
tl'.or,  was  born  Sept.  25,  1847,  in  Newport, 
N.Y.  She  is  the  daughter  of  Lynus  Yale, 
the  inventor  of  the  Yale  lock.  She  has  de- 
veloped an  interesting  specialty  in  hand- 
wrought  metals.  She  is  author  of  The  Little 
Room  and  Other  Stories. 

Wynne,  Thomas,  lawyer,  jurist.  In  1690 
ho  was  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania. 

Wynns,  Thomas,  soldier,  congressman, 
state  senator,  was  born  in  1764  in  Hertford 
countv.  N.C.  He  was  a  member  of  the  North 
Carolina  state  senate  in  1790-1817;  and 
in  1801-07  was  a  representative  from  North 
Carolina  to  the  seventh,  eighth  and  ninth 
congresses.  He  Avas  a  member  of  the  exec- 
utive council  and  brigadier-general  of  mi- 
litia. He  died  June  3,  1825,  in  Winton, 
N.C. 

Wythe,  George,  signer  of  the  declaration 
of  independence,  was  born  in  1726  in  Eliz- 
abeth City.  He  was  for  a  long  time  a 
niomber  of  the  house  of  burgesses:  was 
chancellor  for  Virginia;  and  in  1764  wasi 
appointed  to  prepare  a  petition  against  the 
stamp  act.  In  1775-77  he  was  a  delegate 
from  Virginia  to  the  continental  congress, 


and  signed  the  declaration  of  independence. 
In  1777  he  was  speaker  of  the  house  of 
delegates;  and  was  appointed  judge  of  the 
court  of  chancery.  The  honor  was  awarded 
to  him  of  having  been  the  instructor  to 
Thomas  Jefl'erson.  He  was  the  author  of 
Decisions  of  Cases  in  Virginia  by  the  High 
Court  of  Chancery.  He  died  June  5,  1896, 
in    Riclunond,    Va. 

Wythe,  Joseph  Henry,  clergyman,  physi- 
cian, author,  was  born  March  19,  1822,  in 
England.  He  is  a  methodist  clergyman  and 
pliysician  of  San  Francisco.  He  is  the  au- 
llior  of  The  Microscopist;  Curiosities  of  the 
Microscope;  Agreement  of  Science  and 
Revelation;  The  Science  of  Life;  Biblical 
Biology;  Easy  Lessons  in  Vegetable  biolo- 
gj';'and  Physiology  of  the  Soul. 

Yager,  Arthur,  educator,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  29,  1858,  in  Henry  county,  Ky.  Since 
1884  he  has  been  professor  of  history  and 
economics  at  the  Georgetown  college  of 
Kentucky;  and  since  1907  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  college  faculty.  He  is  the  au- 
thor of  Life  and  Services  of  William  C. 
Buck. 

Yakey,  John  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
March  6,  1863,  in  Trenton,  Mo.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Missouri  state  university; 
and  soon  attained  success  in  the  practice 
of  law.  In  1895-99  he  was  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  Kitsap  county,  Wash.;  and  also 
filled  the  same  position  in  1901-05,  com- 
prising four  terms  of  two  years  each.  Since 
1905  he  has  been  superior  judge  of  the  state 
of  Washington   of  Kitsap  sounty. 

Yale,  Albert  W.,  educator,  journalist, 
clergyman,  college  president,  was  born  Oct. 
9,  1848,  in  Osceola,  Ohio.  He  received  his 
education  at  the  Dennison  university  of 
Granville,  Ohio.  In  1880  he  was  ordained 
a  baptist  clergyman;  was  president  of  the 
Normal  school  of  Prospect,  Ohio,  in  1885- 
86;  president  of  the  Marion  normal  school 
in  1887-90;  and  is  now  the  editor  and  owner 
of  the  Chronicle  of  Waynesfield,  Ohio. 

Yale,  Cyrusi,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
]\Iay  17,  1786,  in  Lee,  Mass.  In  1814  he 
was  ordained  pastor  of  the  church  in  New 
Hartford,  Conn.  He  was  the  author  of  Life 
of  Rev.  Jeremiah  Halleck;  Miniature  of  the 
Life  of  the  Rev.  Alban  Hyde,  D.D.;  Bio- 
graphical Sketches  of  the  Ministers  of 
Litclifield  County  after  the  Year  1800.  He 
died  May  21,  1854,  in  New  Hartford,  Conn. 

Yale,  Elihu,  philanthropist,  was  born 
.■^pril  5,  1649,  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  In  1678 
lie  went  to  the  East  Indies;  in  1687-92 
was  governor  of  Fort  St.  George,  Madras; 
and  acquired  gi-eat  wealtli.  During  1714- 
21  he  made  donations  to  the  college  amount- 
inf  to  nearly  three  thousand  dollars,  at  a 
time  when  the  money  was  much  needed; 
and  the  college  was  named  Yale  college 
in  his  honor.  He  never  returned  to  America 
;ind  died  July  8,  1721,  in  London,  England. 

Yale,  Elisha,  clergyman,  author,  was  born 
,him>  15,  1780,  in  Lee,  Mass.  He  was  pas- 
tor  of    the    presbyterian   church    at   Kings- 


HERKINGSHAWS   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN   BIOGRAPHY. 


791 


borougli  ill  lS04-r)2.  He  was  tlio  autlior  of 
Select  Verse  System,  for  the  Use  of  In- 
dividuals, Families,  and  Schools;  Helps  to 
Cultivate  tiie  Conscience.  He  died  Jan. 
!>,   \S'y,i,  in   King<l)or()ugli,  N.Y. 

Yale,  LeRoy  Milton,  physician,  educator, 
journalist,  was  born  Feb.  12,  1841,  in  Vine- 
yard Haven.  Mass.  During  1871-'.'4  he  was 
instructor  and  lecturer  on  various  branches 
in  the  Bellevue  hospital  medical  college  in 
New  York  City.  He  had  charge  of  The 
Medical  Gazette  in  1867-68;  and  edited  the 
medical  part  of  IJabyhood  since  its  begin- 
ning in  1884.  He  died  in  1906,  in  New  York 
City. 

Yale,  Linus,  manufacturer,  inventor,  was 
born  April  4,  1821,  in  Salisbury,  N.Y.  He 
was  the  inventor  of  the  famous  Yale  locks, 
which  are  now  extensively  used  throughout 
the  civilized  world.  He  died  Dec.  4,  1868, 
in  New  York  City. 

Yale,  William  Hall,  lawyer,  state  senator, 
lieutenant-governor,  was  born  Nov.  12,  1831, 
in  New  Haven,  Conn.  He  is  a  noted  lawyer 
of  \Vinona,  Minn.;  was  elected  to  the  Min- 
nesota state  senate  in  1866;  and  again  in 
1875  and  1804.  In  1869  he  was  elected  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  the  state  of  Minnesota ; 
and  received  the  re-election  in  1871.  In 
1899-1900  he  was  a  member  of  the  Minne- 
sota  house   of   representatives. 

Yancey,  Bartlett,  lawyer,  legislator,  con- 
gressman, was  born  about  1780,  in  Caswell 
count}',  N.C.  In  1813-17  he  was  a  represen- 
tative from  North  Carolina  to  the  thirteenth 
and  fourteenth  congresses.  He  served  for 
many  years  in  the  state  legislature,  and 
frequentlv  as  speaker  of  the  house.  He  died 
Aug.  :!<).  "1828.  in  Caswell  county,  N.C. 

Yancey,  Benjamin  C,  naval  officer,  law- 
yer, was  born  in  1782,  in  Charleston,  S.C.  In 
1799  he  was  a  midshipman  in  the  navy.  He 
was  attached  to  the  United  States  frigate 
Constellation.  In  1801  he  resigned  from 
the  navy;  and  began  the  study  of  law.  He 
practiced  law  for  many  years  at  Abbe- 
ville, N.C.  In  1810-13  he  was  a  member  of 
the  state  legislature  from  Abbeville  dis- 
trict. He  died  Oct.  3,  1817,  near  Edgefield, 
S.C. 

Yancey,  William  Lowndes,  lawyer,  jour- 
nalist, state  legislator,  congressman,  was 
l-orn  Aug.  10.  1814.  in  Ogeechee  Shoals,  Ga. 
In  1843-47  he;  was  a  representative  from 
.Alabama  to  the  twenty-eighth  and  twenty- 
ninth  congresses.  Before  entering  congress 
he  had  served  in  the  Alabama  legislature: 
and  after  leaving  it  served  as  a  member  of 
various  political  conventions.  He  died  July 
28.    1H63.    near    Montgomery,    .Ma. 

Yancey,  Joel,  congressman.  In  1827-31 
he  was  a  re[>resentative  from  Kentucky  to 
the  twentieth  and  twenty-lirst  congresses, 
lie   died    in   Glasgow,   Ky. 

Yandell,  David  Wendell,  physician.  e<lii- 
eator,  was  iMtrri  Sept.  4.  1826,  in  Murfrees- 
borough.  Tenn.  He  was  appf)inted  j)ro- 
fessor  of  surgery  in  the  Indiana  medical  col- 
lege  in    1874.     In    1870' he   established    the 


Anurican  Practitioner,  lie  died  in  1898,  in 
Indiana. 

Yandell,  Enid,  designer,  sculptor,  artist, 
was  born  Oct.  6,  1871,  in  Louisville,  Ky. 
She  designed  a  statue  of  Daniel  Boone  for 
the  Filson  club  of  Kentucky;  the  Henry  G. 
Lewis  monument  for  New  Haven,  Conn.; 
and  the  statue  of  ^linerva  for  the  Tennessee 
centennial  expo^ition.  She  has  designed 
many  portrait  busts;  and  since  1895  has 
been  a  regular  (>xliibitor  at  the  Paris  salon. 

Yandell,  Lunsford  Pitts,  physician,  edu- 
cator, autlior,  was  born  July  4,  1805,  in 
Dixon  Springs,  Tenn.  He  held  the  presi- 
dency of  the  Louisville,  Lexington  and  Ken- 
tucky medical  societies,  and  of  tiie  Louis- 
ville college  of  physicians  and  surgeons. 
He  was  the  author  of  American  Medical 
Literature;  and  other  medical  papers  and 
addresses.  He  died  Feb.  4,  1878,  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky. 

Yaple,  George  L.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Feb.  20,  1851,  in  Leonidas,  IMich. 
In  1883-85  he  was  a  representative  from 
r^Iicliigan  to  the  forty-eighth  congress. 

Yardley,  Robert  M.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
was  born  Oct.  9,  1850,  in 'Yardley,  Pa.  In 
1879  he  was  elected  district  attorney  of 
Doylestown,  Pa.;  and  was  elected  a  dele- 
gate to  the  republican  national  convention 
at  Chicago  in  1884.  In  1887-91  he  was  a 
representative  to  the  fiftieth  and  fifty-first 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  Dec. 
8.    i902.  in    Doyleston,  Pa. 

Yarnall,  Ellis,  author,  was  born  in  1817,  in 
Philadelpliia,  Pa.  He  was  the  author  of 
\\  (irdsworth   and  the  Coleridges. 

Yarnall,  John  Joliffe,  naval  officer,  was 
l)i)rn  in  1786  in  Wheeling,  Va.  For  his 
gallant  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Lake  Erie 
he  received  the  thanks  of  the  common- 
wealth of  Pennsylvania  and  a  gold  medal. 
The  .state  of  New  Y^ork  passed  similar  res- 
ohitions  and  presented  him  with  a  silver 
medal;  the  general  assembly  of  Virginia 
presented  him  with  a  fine  sword  in  a  gold 
scabbard  fittingly  inscribed;  and  he,  with 
the  other  ofiicers  of  the  Lawrence,  was  pub- 
licly thanked  by  the  nation.  He  died  in 
July.    1815.    at    sea. 

Yarnall,  Mordecai,  mathematician,  astron- 
omer, was  born  in  April,  1816,  near  L'r- 
bana,  Ohio.  In  1839  he  entered  the  navy 
as  jirofessor  of  mathematics;  and  served 
for  thirteen  years  at  .sea  as  naval  instruc- 
tor. He  died  Feb.  27,  1879,  In  Washington, 
D.C. 

Yarrow,  Henry  Crecy,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Nov.  19.  1840,  in  Philadelphia, 
i'a.  He  is  a  physician  of  Washington, 
l>.('. ;  and  curator  reptile  department  Na- 
tiiinal  museum.  lie  is  the  author  of  In- 
troduction to  the  Study  of  Mortuary  Cus- 
toms   Among   North    American    Indians. 

Yates  Abraham,  congressman,  was  born 
.\ng.  23.  172  1.  in  Albany.  N.Y.  He  was 
a  slate  senator  of  New  York;  president 
of  the  jjiovincial  congress  in  1775-76;  and 
in   1787-88  he  was  delegate  from  New  Y'ork 


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HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


to  the  continental  congress.  He  was  mayor 
of  Albany  in  1790-96.  He  died  June  30, 
1796,   in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Yates,  Arthur  Gould,  merchant,  railroad 
president,  was  born  Dec.  18,  1843,  in  East 
Waver ly,  N.Y.  In  1890  he  was  elected 
president  and  director  of  the  Buft'alo,  Roch- 
ester and  Pittsburgh  railway  at  Rochester, 
N.Y. 

Yates,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  in  NeAv 
York.  In  1863  he  was  brigadier-general 
New  York  volunteers.  He  died  in  Septem- 
ber, 1870,  in  New  York. 

Yates,  Elizabeth  Upham,  missionary,  lec- 
turer, was  born  July  3,  1857,  in  Bristol, 
Maine.  For  many  years  she  was  a  mission- 
ary in  China;  and  is 
the  national  lecturer 
of  the  Woman's  chris- 
tian temperance  un- 
ion, and  the  National 
American  suffrage  as- 
sociation. She  has 
addressed  many  state 
legislatures  and  con- 
gressional committees 
in  the  behalf  of  wom- 
an's enfranchisement 
and  ot  h  e  r  reform 
measures. 
Yates,  Henry,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ken- 
tucky. In  1862  he  was  captain  in  the 
one  hundred  and  sixth  regiment  Illinois  in- 
fantry; and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  died  Oct.  3,  1871. 
Yates,  John  Barentse,  state  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Feb.  1,  1784,  in 
Schenectady,  N.Y.  In  1815-17  he  was  a 
representative  from  New  York  to  the  four- 
teenth congress;  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1836.  He  died  July  II, 
1836,   in   Chittenango,  N.Y. 

Yates,  John  Barentse,  civil  engineer,  was 
born  Oct.  19,  1833.  in  Schenectady,  N.Y. 
He  served  during  the  civil  war  as  colonel 
of  the  first  Michigan  engineers  under  Gen- 
eral William  T.  Sherman.  Subsequently  he 
became  a  division  engineer  on  the  New  York 
state  canals. 

Yates,  John  Thomas,  fraternal  manager, 
was  born  June  2,  1856,  at  Mt.  Savage,  Md. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
his  native  state;  and  under  private  tui- 
tion. He  became  identified  with  business 
and  public  affairs  of  the  west;  and  for 
years  has  been  associated  and  interested  in 
the  Woodmen  of  the  world.  He  has  filled 
several  positions  of  trust  and  honor ;  and  is 
now  sovereigit  clerk  of  the  Woodmen  of  the 
world,  the  second .  largest  fraternal  benefi- 
ciary organization  in  America,  with  head- 
quarters  in   Omaha,  Neb. 

Yates,  John  Van  Ness,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  Dec.  18,  1779,  in  Albany,  N.Y^. 
He  was  recorder  of  the  city  of  Albany  in 
1808  and  again  in  1811-16,  and  in  1818-26 
was  secretary  of  state.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Collection  of  Pleadings  and  Prac- 
tical   Precedents,    with    Notes;    History    of 


the  State  of  New  York;  and  Principles  and 
Practice  in  Cases  of  Writs  of  Error.  He 
died  Jan.  10,  1839,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Yates,  Joseph  Christopher,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, governor,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1768,  in 
Schenectady,  N.Y.  He  served  as  mayor  of 
Schenectady  in  1798-1808;  as  state  senator 
in  1806-07;  and  as  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  in  1808-22.  He  was  the  seventh  gov- 
ernor of  New  York  in  1822-24.  He  died 
March   19,   1837,  in  Schenectady,  N.Y. 

Yates,  Lorenzo  Gordin,  dentist,  naturalist, 
author,  was  born  Jan.  8,  1837,  in  England. 
He  began  the  practice  of  medicine  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.;  and  in  1863  moved  to  Califor- 
nia. His  collection  of  six  tliousand  speci- 
mens of  fossils  is  highly  valued  in  the 
Leland  Stanford  imiversity  for  classwork. 
He  had  charge  of  the  scientific  department 
of  Froebel  institute  at  Los  Angeles;  and 
catalogued  the  collections  and  prepared  the 
Illustrated  Guide  for  the  Golden  park  mu- 
seum of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  His  first 
large  collection  of  shells,  fossils,  Indian 
relics  and  minerals  was  sold  to  Wabash 
College,  Ind.  He  is  the  author  of  Califor- 
nia Digest  of  Masonic  Law;  Charm  Stones; 
Ferns  of  Ceylon;  Notes  of  Hawaiian  Ferns; 
All  Known  Ferns;  Aboriginal  Weapons  of 
(California;    and  various  other  works. 

Yates,  Peter  W.,  lawyer,  congressman, 
wf>s  bora  in  Albany,  N.Y''.  He  was  a  law- 
yer by  profession;  and  well  known  in  the 
covirts  of  Albany  both  before  and  after 
the  revolution,  in  1785-87  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  New  York  to  the  conti- 
nental congress.  He  died  in  Albany,  N.Y. 
Yates,  Richard,  lawyer,  congressman. 
United  States  senator,  governor,  was  born 
Jan.  18,  1818,  in  Warsaw,  Ky.  He  fre- 
quently served  in  the  Illinois  state  legisla- 
ture; and  in  1851-56  he  was  a  representative 
from  Illinois  to  the  thirty-second  and  thir- 
ty-third congre-.ses.  In  1861-65  he  was  the 
twelfth  governor  of  Illinois.  He  partici- 
pated extensively  in  the  raising  of  troops 
for  the  national  army  during  the  civil  war. 
In  1865-71  he  was  LTnited  States  senator. 
He  died  Nov.  27,  1873,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Yates,  Richard,  lawyer,  governor,  was 
born  Dec.  12,  1860,  in  Jacksonville,  111. 
In   1880  he  graduated  from  Illinois   college 

and  received  the  de- 
gree of  A.M.  and  hon- 
orary LL.D. ;  and  in 
1884    graduated    from 

t^^_^_  the  university  o  f 
'^  ^SB  Michigan  as  LL.B. 
^'^  In  1885-91  he  was 
city  attorney  of  Jack- 
sonville, 111.;  in  1892 
was  a  republican 
nominee  for  congress- 
at-large;  in  1894-97 
was  co-judge  of  Mor- 
gan county;  in  1897- 
1900  was  United  States  collector  of  internal 
revenue  at  Springfield.  111.;  and  in  1901- 
05    was    governor   of   the    state   of    Illinois. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


793 


He  has  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Springfield,  111.  In  1900  he  was  lay  dele- 
gate of  the  general  conference  of  the  Meth- 
odist episcopal  church. 

Yates,  Robert,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
March  17,  1738,  in  Schenectady,  N.Y.  He 
was  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
York  in  1777-90;  and  was  chief  justice  in 
1790-98.  He  was  commissioned  to  treat 
with  the  states  of  Massachusetts  and  Con- 
necticut on  the  subject  of  territory;  and 
to  settle  the  claims  of  New  York  against 
the  state  of  Vermont.  He  died  Sept.  9, 
1801,  in  Albany,  N.Y. 

Yaw,  Ellen  Beach,  singer,  was  born  Sept. 
18,  18(58,  in  Boston,  N.Y.  Her  first  concert 
was  given  in  189-1  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.  Slie 
toured  the  United  States,  England,  Switzer- 
land and  Germany.  Since  1897  she  has 
been  studying  and  singing  in  Europe.  She 
has   composed   several   songs. 

Yeager,  James  Martin,  clergyman,  lec- 
turer, college  president,  was  born  Nov.  2, 
1857,  in  Yeagerstown,  Pa.  He  attended 
the  Wyoming  seminary  and  in  1880  gradu- 
ated from  the  Wcsleyan  university,  from 
which  institution  he  subsequently  received 
the  degree  of  A.M.  For  two  years  he 
preached  in  Carmel,  N.Y. ;  then  traveled 
through  the  principal  countries  of  Europe 
and  in  Palestine  and  Egypt.  During  1883- 
84  he  filled  a  pastorate  in  Lenox,  Mass.; 
then  for  three  vears  in  Rhineclifl'e-on-Hud- 
son,  N.Y.;  1888-92  in  Hillsdale,  N.Y. ;  and 
during  1892-99  was  president  of  Drew  la- 
dies seminary.  In  1898  he  was  a  candidate 
for  the  legislature  of  state  of  New  York; 
and  in  1899  was  elected  commissioner  of 
schools  for  Putnam  county,  N.Y.  He  lec- 
tures on  Rambles  on  The  Continent;  Jaunt- 
ings  in  the  East;  From  Blarney  Castle  to 
The  Nile;  Bocks  That  Wreck;  and  Tlie 
Twentieth  Century.  He  is  the  compiler  of 
a  Brief  History  of  the  Yeager,  Bullington, 
Creighton  and  Jacobs  Families. 

Yeager,  Nathaniel  B.,  soldier,  business- 
man, state  senator,  was  born  Dee.  15,  1837, 
in  Baltimore,  Md.    Early  in  life  he  moved  to 

Nortli  Carolina,  where 
he  has  been  principal- 
ly engaged  in  the  jew- 
\  elry     business.       Dur- 

/  ing   the    civil    war   he 

t  served    in    the    federal 

•  ■  army;      entered      i    n 

;^     >     ■■  18(!1;    partieipafed    in 

^^j^^  tbc     battles     of     Fort 

^^A  ^^^  1  Fisher    and    Bennetts- 

^^^^^^  and     in      1865 

^^^^B^^^  retired  as  a  cap- 

^^^^^^  He    was    post- 

HH^^Bl      b. ; I    master    of     Plymouth 

in  1883-80;  was  mayor  of  that  city  in  1888; 
and  in  1890  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
North    Carolinii    state   senate. 

Yeaman,  George  Helm,  lawyer,  jurist,  dip- 
lomat, congi^-ssnian,  author,  was  born  Nov. 
1,  1829,  in  Hardin  county,  Ky.  In  1854  he 
was    elected    judge    of    Davis    county,    Ky. ; 


and  in  1861  he  was  elected  to  the  state  leg- 
islature. In  1861-65  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  Kentucky  to  the  thirty-seventh 
and  thirty-eighth  congresses.  In  1865  he 
was  apopinted  minister  resident  to  Den- 
mark. He  was  the  author  of  The  Study  of 
Government.  He  died  in  February,  1908, 
in  New  York  City. 

Yeaman,  Joseph,  colonial  governor.  In 
1671-74  he  was  colonial  governor  of  South 
Carolina. 

Yeamans,  John,  colonial  governor,  was 
bora  about  1GU5  in  England.  In  1671-74 
he  was  governor  of  South  Carolina.  He 
died  al)out  1G76  in  the  West  Indies. 

Yeaomans,  John  William,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, college  president,  author,  was  born 
Jan.  7,  1800,  in  Hinsdale,  Mass.  For  two 
years  he  was  tutor  at  Williams  college.  In 
1828  he  was  pastor  in  Adams,  Mass.;  and 
in  1834  was  pastor  of  the  First  Presbyte- 
rian church  at  Pittslield,  Mass.  In  1841 
he  was  appointed  president  of  Lafaj'ette  col- 
lege. He  was  the  author  of  Historical  Bi- 
ography of  George  Junkin.  He  died  April 
22,    18S0,   in   Martinsburg,   Pa. 

Yeardly,  George,  colonial  governor,  was 
born  in  1580  in  England.  He  was  colonial 
governor  of  Virginia  in  1616-17,  1618-21  and 
1626-27.  In  1619  the  first  general  assembly 
met  in  Virginia;  and  during  his  adminis- 
tration many  important  improvements  were 
made.     He  died  in  1627. 

Yeates,  Jasper,  merchant,  legislator,  jur- 
ist, was  born  in  England.  In  1694  he  was 
appointed  justice  of  the  court  for  Chester 
county;  and  in  1704-10  and  in  1717-20  was 
an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
provincial  council  of  Pennsylvania;  and  a 
member  and  speaker  of  tiie  general  assembly 
of  the  province.  He  died  in  1720  near  New 
Castle,  Del. 

Yeates,  Jasper,  lawyer,  jurist,  author,  was 
l)orn  April  9,  1745,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
He  was  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania  in  1791-1817.  He 
was  the  author  of  Reports  of  Cases  in  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Pennsylvania  from  1791 
to  1808.  in  four  volumes.  He  died  March 
14,    1817,   in   Lancaster,   Pa. 

Yeates,  Jesse  J.,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  May  29,  1829^  in  Hertford 
county,  N.C.  He  was  solicitor  of  Hert- 
ford county  in  1855-00;  and  a  representa- 
tive in  the  North  Carolina  state  legislature 
in  1800.  He  served  as  major  in  the  con- 
federate army.  In  1875-79  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina  to  the  for- 
tv-fourth  and  f(U-tv-fifth  congresses.  He 
died   in   Hertford.  N.C. 

Yeates,  William  Smith,  educator,  geolo- 
gist, was  born  Dec.  15,  1850,  in  Murfrees- 
boro,  N.C.  In  1881-93  he  had  charge  of 
the  collection  of  minerals  and  gems  in  the 
United  States  natural  niusc^um.  Since  1893 
he  has  been  state  geologist  of  Georgia  and 
curator   of   the   Georgia   state   museum. 


794 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Yeaton,  Arthur  Charles,  educator,  college 
president,  was  born  Aug.  23,  1871,  in  Do- 
vei",  N.H.  In  1893  he  was  chemist  of  the 
agricultural  department  of  the  World's  Co- 
lumbian exposition  at  Chicago,  111.  Since 
1894  he  has  been  a  teacher  of  science;  since 
1902  has  been  bursar;  and  since  1907  has 
been  president  of  the  Westbrook  seminary 
of  Portland,  Maine. 

Yeaton,  Charles  Y.,  manufacturer,  inven- 
tor. He  invented  a  type  setting  machine, 
the  first  one  ever  offered  for  sale.  For 
many  years  he  was  prominent  in  the  busi- 
ness world.  President  Johnson  offered  him 
a  diplomatic  post  at  St.  Petersburg.  He 
died  Sept.  29,  1905,  in  New  York  City. 

Yell,  Archibald,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressman,  governor,  was  born  in  Au- 
gust. 1797,  in  North  Carolina.  He  was 
appointed  one  of  the  judges  of  Arkansas 
territory.  In  1835-39  and  1845-47  he  was 
a  representative  to  the  twenty-fourth,  twen- 
ty-fifth and  twenty-ninth  congresses.  He 
was  the  second  governor  of  Arkansas  in 
1840-44.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Bucna  Vista,  while  in  command  of  a  regi- 
ment of  Arkansas  mounted  volunteers,  Feb. 
23,   1847. 

Yelland,  Raymond  D.,  artist,  was  born 
Feb.  2,  1848.  in  England.  In  1877-78  he 
was  assistant  director  of  the  California 
school  of  design,  of  wbich  he  was  elected 
dueetor  in  1888.  Among  his  paintings  are 
Ha  If -Moon  Beach;  The  Lonely  Sea;  Sun- 
liglit  and  Shadow;  The  Golden  Gate  at 
Even;  Mount  Tacoma;  Mount  Hood;  Co- 
lumbia River;  and  Golden  Gate.  He  died 
in    1900   in   Oakland,   Cal. 

Yelser,  Henry  Craig,  lawyer,  manufactur- 
er, was  born  Dec.  19,  1852,  in  Louisville, 
Ky.  In  1873  he  began  the  practice  of  law 
in  Kentucky.  In  1882  he  founded  the 
Globe-Wernche  company  of  Cincinnati,  of 
which  he  is  president.  He  is  also  a  director 
of  the  Central  trust  and  safe  deposit  com- 
pany  of    Cincinnati,    Ohio. 

Yencer,  Martin  Washington,  physician, 
statesman,  was  born  Dec.  27,  1871,  near 
Lancaster,  Ohio.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Baltimore  high  school;  attended  FairfieUl 
county  academy;  and  studied  medicine  at 
Central  college  of  Starling  and  at  the  Cin- 
cinnati college  of  phj'sicians  and  surgeons, 
from  which  he  graduated  in  1897.  He  has 
attained  prominence  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  the  state  of  Indiana;  and  is  a 
member  of  the  leading  medical  and  scien- 
tific associations  of  America.  Since  1902 
he  has  been  a  representative  in  the  Indi- 
ana state  legislature.  In  1904  he  was 
elected  by  the  largest  majority  ever  given 
to  a  state  representative;  and  resides  in 
Richmond,   Wayne  county.   Ind. 

Yendes,  Lucy  A.,  educator,  journalist,  lec- 
turer, author,  was  born  Jan.  31,  1851,  in 
Champion,  N.Y.  She  has  taught  in  all 
grades;  was  public  school  principal  for 
nine  years;  and  since  then  an  institute  con- 
ductor.    She   is   the  author  of  Preston  Pa- 


pers; Snap  Shots  with  an  old  Maid's  Ko- 
dak; Life  Studies  from  Mother  Goose;  Hob- 
son's  Choice;  Memory  Culture;  Education; 
in  Utopia;  English  for  Adult  Foreigners; 
and    Health    Culture    Readers. 

Yeoman,  Stephen  B.,  soldier,  Avas  born  in 
Ohio.  In  1801  he  was  captain  in  the  fifty- 
fourth  regiment  Ohio  infantry ;  and  in 
1865  \va.i  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers. He  was  honorably  mustered  out  in 
18G5. 

Yeomans,  John  William,  clergyman,  col- 
lege jriesident.  author,  was  born  Jan.  7, 
1800,  in  Hinsdale,  Mass.  In  1841-45  he 
was  president  of  Lafayette  college,  of  Eas- 
ton.  Pa.  In  1845-63  he  was  pastor  of  the 
Mahonhig  church  at  Danville,  Pa.  He  died 
June   22,    1863,    in   Danville,   Pa. 

Yeomans,  James  D.,  railroad  builder,  gov- 
ernment official,  was  born  April  21,  1845, 
in  ^Vj^oming  county,  N.Y.  He  was  general 
superintendent  of  the  Baltimore,  New  York 
and  Pittsburgh  railway;  general  superin- 
tendent of  the  Ohio,  Boston  and  Western 
railway;  and  built  many  railroads  in  the 
states  of  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  and 
Michigan.  He  became  inter-state  commerce 
commissioner  at  Washington,  D.C.  He  died 
in    1906    m    Washington,   D.C. 

Yerger,  George  Shall,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Aug.  23,  1801,  in  Hagerstown,  Md. 
He  settled  in  Nashville;  and  was  for  many 
years  reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Tennessee.  He  was  elected 
attorney-general  of  the  state.  He  died  April 
20,    18(i0,   in   Bolivar   county.   Miss. 

Yerkes,  Charles  Tyson,  banker,  promoter, 
was  born  June  25,  1837,  in  Philadelphia. 
He  continued  in  the  banking  business  in 
Philadelphia  until  1881,  when  he  opened 
a  branch  bank  at  the  corner  of  La  Salle 
and  .Madison  streets  in  Chicago.  This  was 
operated  in  conjunction  with  his  house  in 
Philadelphia,  the  latter  managed  by  his 
partner.  From  the  time  of  his  advent  in 
Chicago  he  has  had  charge  of  the  North 
Chicago  city  railway.  A  gift  from  him 
to  the  university  of  Chicago  was  an  ob- 
ser\atcry  located  at  Lake  Geneva,  which 
v>a?  the  "largest  and  finest  in  the  world,  and 
cost  about  half  a  million  dollars.  He  died 
Dec.  29.   1905,  in  New  York  City. 

Yewell,  George  Henry,  painter,  artist,  was 
born  Jan.  20.  1S:'0.  in  Havre  de  Grace,  Md. 
In  1880  he  became  a  member  of  the  Nation- 
al academy  of  design.  His  paintings  in- 
clude Children  on  the  Sea  Shore;  The 
Wounded  Drummer-Boy;  Roman  Shepherd- 
l5oy;  and  some  Venetian  subjects,  inclvid- 
ing  interior  views  of  the  church  of  St. 
Mark;  Santa  Maria  delle  Salute;  In  the 
Church  of  San  Pietro,  Perugia;  and  In  the 
Carpet  Bazaar.  Cairo. 

Yerkes,  John  Watson,  lawyer,  statesman, 
was  born  April  1.  1854,  in  Lexington,  Ky. 
He  is  a  professor  of  law  in  Centre  college. 
He  has  been  registrar  in  bankruptcy,  mas- 
1«r  in  chancery,  and  commissioner  to  the 
World's    Columbian    exposition    and    to   the 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


795 


Atl;»nta  exposition.  In  1891-9G  lie  was  chair- 
man of  the  republican  state  central  com- 
mittee of  Kentucky;  and  since  1896  has 
been  a  member  of  the  national  republican 
committee.  lie  is  the  attorney  for  the  Cin- 
cinnati, Xew  Orleans  and  Texas  Pacihc 
railway  company.  Since  1897  he  has  been 
a  commissioner  of  the  state  deaf  and  diunb 
institute;  and  has  also  been  United  States 
collector  of  internal  revenue.  In  1900  he 
was  tlie  republican  nominee  for  governor  of 
Kentucky. 

Yoakum,  Benjamin  F.,  railroad  president. 
In  1901-04  he  was  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  and  San  Francisco  railroad;  and  in 
1903-04  was  also  president  of  the  Evans- 
ville   and    Terre   Haute   railroad. 

Yoakum,  Charles  H.,  lawj-er,  congressman, 
was  born  in  I8.3O  in  Limestone  county, 
Tex.  He  was  district  attorney  for  the 
eighth  judicial  district  in  1880-90.  He  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1892  for  four 
years  from  Greenville,  Tex. 'In  1895-97  he 
was  a  representative  to  the  fiftj'-fourth 
congress  as  a   democrat. 

Yoakum,  Henderson  K.,  lawyer,  author, 
was  born  in  ISIO  in  C  laihorne  county,  Tenn. 
He  was  a  lawyer  of  Iluntsville,  Tex.  He 
was  the  author  of  History  of  Texas  from 
Its  First  Settlement  to  Its  Annexation  to 
the  I'liited  States.  He  died  Nov.  29.  1850, 
in    Ildustdii.    Texa-. 

Yocum,  Seth  H.,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  Aug.  2,  1834,  in  Columbia 
county.  Pa.  He  served  in  the  union  army 
during  the  civil  war.  In  1879-81  he  was  a 
representative  from  Pennsylvania  to  the 
forty-sixth  congress.  He  died  March  29, 
1890,  in   Santa  Monica.  Cal. 

Yocum,  Wilbur  Fisk,  educator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  author,  was  born 
.Fuly  20.  1840,  in  Salem,  Oliio.  In  1877-88 
he  was  president  of  the  Fort  Wayne  col- 
lege of  Indiana;  and  in  1888-92  was  super- 
intendent of  the  public  schools  of  Bartow, 
Fla.  In  1890-1900  he  was  president  of  Flor- 
ida agricultural  college.  Since  1905  he  has 
been  profesor  of  education  in  the  university 
of  the  state  of  Florida.  He  is  the  author  of 
Civil  Government  in  Florida. 

Yoder,  Albert  Henry,  educator,  college 
president,  was  lioni  Feb.  15,  1800,  near 
Nora  Springs,  Towa.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Indiana  university,  at  Clark  univer- 
sity, and  at  the  Chicago  university,  lie 
lias  been  su])crintendcnt  of  city  schools  of 
Mailison.  S.I).;  principal  of  the  San  Fran- 
cisco normal  school;  and  in  1890-1900  was 
president  of  Vincennes  university  of  Indi- 
ana. Since  1900  he  has  been  superintend- 
ent of  the  public  schools  of  Taconui,   Wash. 

Yoder,  Robert  Anderson,  edm-ator,  clergy- 
man, college  president,  was  lioni  Aug.  10, 
1853.  in  Lincoln  county,  N.C.  For  many 
years  he  served  as  pastor  of  St.  James 
-  church  of  Newton,  N.C;  was  president  of 
Concordia  college  in  1888-91  ;  and  was  presi- 
dent  of   Lenoir  college   in    1891-1901.    He  is 


Birlin,   Ohio. 


now   pastor   of   Emmanuel's   church   of   Lin- 
coli'ton,  N.C. 

Yoder,  Samuel  S.,  soldier,  physician,  jurist, 
consressuKui,    was    born    Aug.    16,    1841,    in 
He   enlisted   in  the  one  hun- 
dred      and       twenty - 
eighth   Ohio   infantry; 
rose    to    the    rank    of 
lieutenant  ;     and 
served  till  the  end  of 
the  civil  war.    He  was 
elected      mayor     of 
IMulVton.     Ohio;      and 
was  judge  of  the  pro- 
bate   court    of    Allen 
c(mnty  in   1882-86.    In 
1887-91  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative  to   the   fif- 
tieth     and     fiftj'-first 
as  a  democrat. 
Yonley,    T.    D.    W.,    lawyer,    jurist.      In 
1S04    he    was   chief   justice   of   the   supreme 
court   of  Arkansas. 

York,  Tyre,  lawyer,  state  legislator,  con- 
gressman, wis  horn  ^laj'  4,  1830,  in  Rock- 
ford,  N.C.  In  1805  he  was  elected  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  North  Carolina  state  leg- 
islature, and  served  in  one  or  the  other 
branch  of  that  body  almost  eontinucnisly ; 
and  in  1883-85  he  was  a  representative 
from  North  Carolina  to  the  forty-eighth 
congress  as  a   republican. 

York,  Francis  L.,  educator,  musician,  au- 
thor, was  born  in   1801  in  Ontonagon,  Mich. 
He  graduated  from  the  university  of  Michi- 
gan as  B.A.  and  M.A.; 
and    studied   music    in 
I'aris.     In    1892-90    he 
was   a   teacher   in   the 
school  of  music  of  the 
university    of    Michi- 
gan;   and    since    1896 
lias    been    head   of   the 
piann     department    of 
the  States  normal  con- 
servator}-  at    Ypsilan- 
ti,    Mich.     Since    1902 
he    has   been   a    direc- 
tor    of     the     Detroit 
conservatory   of   music;    and   was    president 
of  the  corporation.    Since    1902  he  has  been 
organist    and   director  n(   the   Central    meth- 
odist    ei)isc<)pal     elinrcji     of    Detroit,    Alich. 
He    has    given    iiniiierous    concerts    and    re- 
citals;  and   was  city   nnisleal    historian.    He 
is    the   author   of    llaniiony   Siinplitied ;    and 
Text-Hook    in    <'ounter|)oint. 

York,  Zebulon,  soMier,  was  born  in  1819, 
in  Concordia.  La.  In  18(il  he  enlisted  in 
the  confederate  states  army;  became  third 
serireanf  in  tlu;  thirt\-(ifth  icyiment  (Jeorj'ia 
infantry;  and  attained  the  rank  of  briga- 
<lier-general.  He  died  Aug.  5.  1900,  in  Bed- 
f(»r<l.   Ga. 

Yorke,  Louis  Eugene,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Xew  .ler-ey.  In  iSOl  he  was  captain  in 
the  thirteenth  regiment  New  Jersey  infan- 
try; aiul  in  18(i5  was  brevet  ted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.    He  died  July  1,  1873. 


796 


HBRRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Yorke,  Thomas  J.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  New  Jersey.  In  1837-39  and  1841-43  lie 
was  a  representative  from  New  Jersey  to 
the  twenty-tlfth  and  twenty-seventh  con- 
gresses. He  was  a  candidate  for  election  to 
the  twenty-sixth  congress,  but,  although  he 
came  with  the  broad  seal  of  his  state,  was 
not  admitted.    He  died  in  New  Jersey. 

Yost,  George  Washington  Newton,  inven- 
tor, was  born  April  15,  1831,  in  Dundee, 
N.Y.  He  was  the  inventor  of  the  Yost 
typewriter.    He  died  in   1895. 

Yost,  Jacob,  journalist,  congressman,  was 
born  April  1,  1853,  in  Staunton,  Va.  In 
1875  he  purchased  an  interest  in  the  Val- 
ley Virginian,  a  newspaper  published  at 
Staunton,  and  was  actively  engaged  in 
journalism  till  1889.  He  was  elected  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Staunton  in  1886.  In  1895- 
99  he  was  a  representative  to  the  fiftieth 
and   fifty-fifth   congresses    as    a   repviblican. 

Yost,  Jacob  S.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  1801  in  Pennsylvania.  In  1843-47  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the  twenty-eighth  and  twenty-ninth  con- 
gresses. He  died  March  7,  1872,  in  Potts- 
town,   Pa. 

Yost,  Mrs.  M.  Edith,  poet,  was  born  July 
26,  1863,  in  Mount  Summit,  Ind.  She  is 
the  author  of  a  story  in  rhyme  entitled  A 
Summer   Tale;    and   Other   Poems. 

Youmans,  Edward  Livingston,  scientist, 
journalist,  author,  was  born  June  3,  1821, 
in  Coeyman's,  N.Y.  He  was  an  eminent 
scientist;  and  though  partially  blind  for 
many  years,  wrote  and  lectured  extensive- 
ly. He  edited  The  Popular  Science  Month- 
ly in  1872-87.  He  was  the  author  of  Hand- 
book of  Household  Science;  The  Culture 
Demanded  by  Modern  Life;  Alcohol  and  the 
Constitution  of  Man;  Chemical  Atlas;  and 
Correlation  and  Conservation  of  Forces.  He 
died  Jan.  18,  1887,  in  New  York  City. 

Youmans,  Eliza  Ann,  litterateur,  autlior, 
was  born  Dec.  17,  1826,  in  Saratoga,  N.Y. 
She  is  the  author  of  First  and  Second 
Books  of  Botany;  Descriptive  Botany;  and 
Lessons    in    Cookery. 

Youmans,   Henry   Melville,  manufacturer, 
state   senator,  congressman,  was  born  May 
15,  1832,  in  Otego,'N.Y.    He  was  in  the  em- 
ploy    of     the      York 


and  Erie 
company, 


railroad 
Susque- 


hanna     division, 
ten     years.      In 
he      moved     to 
Saginaw,    Mich. ; 
engaged   in    the 


for 
1862 
East 
and 
man- 
ufacture    ot      lumber 
and      salt.      He      was 
mayor    of   East   Sagi- 
naw  in    1886-87.      In 
1891-93     he      was     a 
representative    to    the 
fifty-second    congress    as    a    democrat;    and 
in  1897-98  served  as  a  member,  of  the  Mich- 
igan   state    senate. 
Youmans,  William  Jay,  physician,  journal- 


ist, scientist,  author,  was  born  Oct.  14, 
1838,  in  Saratoga,  N.Y.  He  has  been  edi- 
tor of  The  Popular  Science  Monthly  since 
1887.  He  was  the  autlior  of  Pioneers  of 
Science  in  America;  and  co-author  with 
Huxley  of  Elements  of  Physiology  and  Hy- 
giene. He  died  April  10,  1901,  in  Mount 
Vernon,  N.Y. 

Young,  Abram  Van  Eps,  chemist,  author, 
was  born  June  5,  1853,  in  Sheboygan,  Wis. 
Since  1885  he  has  been  professor  of  chem- 
istry in  the  Northwestern  university  of 
l']vanston.  111.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
l']lenientary    Principles    of    Chemistry. 

Young,  Alexander,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  in  1800  in  Massachusetts.  He  was  a 
unitarian  clergyman  of  Boston;  and  pas- 
tor of  the  New  South  church.  He  was  the 
author  of  Ciironicles  of  the  Pilgrim  Fathers; 
and  Chronicles  of  the  First  Planters  of  the 
Colony  of  JMassachusetts  Bay,  1623-36.  He 
edited  The  Library  of  Old  English  Prose 
Writers.  He  died  in  1854  in  Boston,  Mass. 
Young,  Alexander,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  May  19,  1836,  in  Boston,  Mass.  He 
was  a  Boston  journalist;  and  on  the  edi- 
torial staflf  of  The  Post.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  History  of  the  Netherlands;  and 
Young  Folks'  History  of  the  Netherlands. 
He  died  March  19,  1891,  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Young,  Alfred,  clergyman,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Jan.  21,  1831,  in  England.  He 
was  vice-president  of  the  Seton  Hall  col- 
lege in  1856-57,  and  rector  of  Roman  cath- 
olic churches  at  Princeton  in  1857-60.  He 
is  the  author  of  Catholic  Hymns  and  Can- 
ticles; The  Office  of  Vespers;  The  Catholic 
Hynmal;  and  Carols  for  a  Merry  Christmas 
and  a  Joyous  Easter.  He  died  April  4, 
1900,  in  New  York  City. 

Young,  Andrew  White,  journalist,  author, 
was  born  March  2,  1802,  in  Carlisle,  N.Y. 
He  was  a  journalist  of  Warsaw,  N.Y.  He 
was  the  author  of  First  Lessons  in  Civil 
Government;  Citizens'  Manual  of  Govern- 
ment and  Law;  The  American  Statesman; 
National  Economy;  a  History  of  the  Protec- 
tive System;  History  of  Warsaw;  and  His- 
tory of  Wavne  County,  Ind.  He  died  Feb. 
17,  1877,  in 'Warsaw,  N.Y. 

Young,  Augustus,  lawyer,  jurist,  state 
senator,  congressman,  was  born  March  20, 
1785,  in  Arlington,  Vt.  In  1841-43  he  was 
representative  from  Vermont  to  the  twenty- 
seventh  congress.  He  was  the  author  of 
On  the  Quadrature  of  the  Circle;  and  Unity 
of  Purpose.  He  died  June  17,  1857,  in  St. 
Albans,  Vt. 

Young,  Bennett  Henderson,  soldier,  law- 
yer, author,  was  born  May  25,  1843,  in 
Nicholasville,  Ky.  He  was  educated  at 
Bethel  academy  of  Nicholasville;  at  Centre 
college  of  Danville,  Ky.;  in  universities  of 
Canada  and  Ireland;  and  has  received  the 
honorary  degrees  of  LL.D.  and  M.A.  il(! 
•served  in  the  confederate  states  army.  He 
was  president  of  the  Louisville  public  li- 
brary; and  in  1890  was  a  member  of  the 
Kentucky  constitutional  convention.  He  was 


HERRINGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


797 


given  the  rank  of  major-general  command- 
ing the  Kentucky  division  of  the  United 
confederate  veterans;  and  brigadier-general 
on  the  stair  of  General  John  B.  Gordon,  com- 
mander-in-chief of  the  confederate  veterans. 
He  is  president  of  the  Confederate  home; 
and  president  of  the  Kentucky  state  institu- 
tion for  the  blind.  He  is  the  author  of  His- 
tory Constitutions,  Kentucky;  History  of 
Evangelistic  Work;  History  Battle  Blue 
Lick;  History  Battle  of  Thames;  Prehis- 
toric  Men   of   Kentucky,  and  other  works. 

Young,  Brigham,  governor,  was  born  June 
1,  1801,  in  Whitingham,  Vt.  In  1832  he 
joined  the  Mormon  sect  at  Kirtland,  Ohio; 

and  was  one  of  the 
apostles  sent  out  to 
nuike  converts  in 
1835.  He  was  chosen 
president  and  prophet 
in  1844;  abandoned 
Nauvoo  in  1846;  and 
persuaded  his  follow- 
ers that  Salt  Lake 
Valley  was  the  prom- 
ised land.  He  settled 
there  in  1847;  and  in 
1849  petitioned  con- 
gress to  organize  a 
slate  to  be  called  Deseret,  but  congress  or- 
ganized it  as  the  teritory  of  Utah;  and  he 
was  governor  in  1850-54.  President  Buchan- 
an, in  1857,  sent  a  force  to  enforce  the  au- 
thority of  the  federal  government,  which 
the  Mormons  had  defied  in  refusing  to  give 
up  the  records  of  the  territory  of  Utah,  and 
in  1858  a  compromise  was  made.  He  had 
twelve  actual  wives,  besides  five  who  had 
been  sealed  to  him  as  his  spiritual  wives. 
As  the  head  of  the  Mormon  church  he  was 
president  by  semi-annual  election.  He  died 
Aug.  20,  1877. 

Young,  Bryan  R.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Kentucky.  In  1845-47  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Kentucky  to  the  twenty- 
ninth    congress.     He   died   in   Kentucky. 

Young,  Casey,  soldier,  lawyer,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1832,  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ahi. 
He  was  a  soldier  during  the  civil  war  in 
the  confederate  service.  In  1875-81  and 
1883-85  he  was  a  representative  from  Ten- 
nessee to  the  forty-fourth,  forty-fifth,  forty- 
si.\th  and  forty-eighth  congresses  as  a  deju- 
ocrat.  He  died  Aug.  18,  18!)9,  in  Memphis, 
Tenn. 

Young,  Charles,  soldier,  was  born  March 
12,  lst;7.  near  Helena,  Ky.,  of  negro  parents. 
During'  the  civil  war  he  attained  the  rank 
of  second-lieutenant;  and  in  1896  was  i)ro- 
moted  to  first  lieutenant.  At  the  begin- 
ning of  tlie  war  with  R[)ain  in  1898,  he  was 
eoMunissidned  major  of  volunteers;  and  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  a  colored  bat- 
talion mustered  into  service  from  the  na- 
tional guard  of  Ohio. 

Young,  Charles  Augustus,  astronomer, 
educator,  author,  was  luirn  Dec.  15,  1834, 
in  Hanover,  N.H.  He  was  professor  of  as- 
tronomy at  Princeton  college.     He  was  the 


eral 
was 


of   tlie   state   of 
superintendent 


iiuthor  of  The  Sun;  A  General  Astronomy; 
Elements  of  Astronomy;  Lessons  in  As- 
tronomy; and  Uranography.  He  died  in 
lltOS.    in    Princeton.    N.J. 

Young,  Charles  Luther,  soldier,  manu- 
facturer, educator,  was  born  Nov.  23,  1838, 
in    Albany,   N.Y.     He   served   as   an   officer 

in  the  civil  war,  with 
rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  volunteers; 
commanded  his  regi- 
^^  ^^^B      ment   in   Pope's   cam- 

"^^^       ^^^f       P^'g";     '^^'^s     on     the 
'^  stall'    of    Generals 

Sickles  and  Joseph 
Hooker;  and  was  in 
inspector-general's  de- 
partment of  the  sec- 
ond corps  of  General 
Hancock'.  In  1878-80 
he  was  brigadier-gen- 
Ohio;  and  in  1895-96 
of  the  Pennsylvania 
soldiers'  orphans'  industrial  school.  In  1890 
he  was  president  of  the  Toledo  soldiers* 
memorial  association;  and  was  a  director 
of  the  Gettysburg  battlefield  memorial  as- 
sociation. 

Young,  Charles  Elisha,  physician,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  27,  1858.  in  'Brooklyn.  N.Y. 
He  is  tlio  autlior  of  Antipartum  Hiemor- 
i-liage. 

Young,  Claiborne  Addison,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, poet,  was  born  in  Indiana.  He  is  the 
autlior  of  'Way  Songs  and  Wanderings;  and 
Nancy  Gilbreth  of  the  Cumberland  ]\Ioun- 
tains. 

Young,  Clark  Montgomery,  educator,  au- 
tlior. was  born  in  Ilirani,  Oliio.  Since  1892 
he  has  been  professor  of  history  and  soci- 
ology in  the  university  of  South  Dakota; 
and  dean  of  the  faculty  of  arts  and  sci- 
ences. He  is  the  author  of  History  and 
Government  of  South  Dakota;  and  Ele- 
ments of  Pedagogy. 

Young,  David,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  March  19,  1776,  iii  Allegheny  county, 
Pa.  In  1801-56  he  preaclied  iii  various 
places.  He  was  the  author  of  Autobiogra- 
phy of  a  Pioneer.  He  died  Sept.  15,  1859, 
in   Harrisburg.   Ohio. 

Young,  Ebenezer,  state  senator,  congress- 
man, was  born  in  1784.  in  Killingly.  Conn. 
In  1823  he  was  elected  to  the  Connecticut 
state  senate;  was  twice  re-elected;  and  was 
two  years  speaker  of  the  house.  In  1829- 
35  he  was  a  representative  from  Connecticut 
to  the  twenty-first,  twenty-second  and 
twenty-third  congresses.  He  died  Aug.  IS, 
1851.  "in   West   Killingly,  Conn. 

Young,  Edward,  poet,  was  liorn  Nov.  25. 
isls.  in  I'higland.  Ho  was  the  author  of 
a  book  of  poems  entitled  Ladve  Lillian.  He 
die<l    about    1S90. 

Young,  Edward  Faitoute  Condit,  hanker, 
was  born  Jan.  25,  1835,  in  Malapar<lis.  N.J. 
lie  was  president  of  the  First  national  bank 
of  Jersey  City;  the  Joseph  Dixon  Crucible 
company    of    Jersey    City;     and    the    New 


798 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Codale  coal  company.  He  died  Dec.  6,  1908. 
Young,  Edward  M.,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  May  21,  1857,  in  tSan  Francisco, 
Cal.  He  is  the  autlior  of  a  number  of  pieces 
for  the  piano.  He  has  been  president  of 
tlie  California  music  teachers'  association. 

Young,  Elizabeth  Guion,  litterateur,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1876  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
She  is  the  author  of  The  Circle  in  the 
Square. 

Young,  Mrs.  Ella  Flagg,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Jan.  15,  1845,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y. 
In  1868  she  married  William  Young  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.  Since  1862  she  has  been  engaged 
m  educational  work.  In  1887-99  was  dis- 
trict superintendent  of  schools  for  Chica- 
go, 111.;  and  in  1909  became  general  superin- 
tendent. She  was  professor  of  education  at 
the  university  of  Chicago.  She  is  the  au- 
tlior of  Isolation  in  the  School  Ethics  in 
the  School;  and  Some  Types  of  Modern 
lulueational    Theory. 

Young,  Franklin  Knowles,  inventor,  au- 
thor, was  born  Oct.  21,  1857,  in  Boston, 
Mass.  He  is  the  inventor  of  the  automatic 
breech-action  for  small  arms  and  field  ar- 
tillery. He  is  the  author  of  The  Minor  Tac- 
tics of  Chess;  The  Major  Tactics  of  Chess; 
and  other  works. 

Young,  George  B.,  lawyer,  jurist.  In 
1874-75  he  was  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Minnesota. 

Young,  George  Curson,  pliysician,  surgeon, 
autlior,  was  born  in  1840,  in  Wisbeach,  Eng- 
land. For  two  years  he  was  professor  of  • 
physiology  in  the  Eclectic  medical  college 
of "  New  York  City.  He  is  the  editor  of 
The  Red  Cross  Knight;  and  past  grand  com- 
mander of  that  order.  He  is  the  author  of 
Ancient  and  Modern  History  of  the  Order 
of  Knights  of  Malta,  in  two  volumes; 
Therapeutics  in  Nature;  and  Tliysiulogy  for 
the   People. 

Young,  Horace  Olin,  lawyer,  legislator, 
congressman,  was  born  Aug.  4,  1850,  in  New 
Albion,  N.Y.  He  is  a  successful  lawyer  of 
Ishpeming,  Mich.;  was  a  member  of  the 
Michigan  state  legislature  in  1879;  and  in 
1886-96  was  prosecuting  attorney  of  Mar- 
quette county.  In  1903-15  he  was  a  repre- 
sentative from  Michigan  to  the  tifty-eignth, 
fifty-ninth,  sixtieth,  sixty-lirst,  sixty-sec- 
ond and  si^ty-third  congresses  as  a  repub- 
lican. 

Young,  Jacob  William  Albert,  educator, 
author,  was  born  Dec.  28,  1865,  in  York,  Pa. 
Since  1887  he  has  taught  mathematics;  and 
since  1892  has  been  on  the  mathematical 
staff  of  the  university  of  Chicago.  He  is 
the  author  of  The  Teaching  of  Mathema- 
tics in  Prussia;  and  The  Teaching  of 
Mathematics. 

Young,  James  Kelly,  surgeon,  autlior,  was 
born  April  29,  1862,  in  Irenton,  N.J.  Since 
1885  he  has  been  actively  engaged  in  his 
profession  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  is  the 
author  of  Orthopanlic  Surgery;  and  Synop- 
sis   of   Ilunuui    Anatomy. 


Young,  James  Carleton,  capitalist,  biblio- 
phile, was  born  July  29,  1856,  in  Marion, 
Iowa.     In    1S76   he  graduated   from   Cornell 

college  of  Iowa;  from 
which  institution  he 
has  received  the  de- 
grees of  B.S.  and  M. 
A.  In  1878  he  was  a 
commissioner  of  the 
United  States  to  the 
Paris  exposition.  In 
1884-86  he  was  presi- 
dent'of  the  national 
association  of  real  es- 
tate dealers;  and  is 
identified  with  the 
business  a  n  d  public 
affairs  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.  He  owns  a 
most  valuable  and  interesting  library  con- 
sisting of  selected  books  characteristically 
inscribed  by  their  authors;  and  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  most  important  book  clubs  and 
.societies   in   Europe   and   America. 

Young,  James  Rankin,  soldier,  educator, 
congressman,  was  born  March  10,  1847,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.  He  served  in  the  thirty- 
second  Pennsylvania  infantry.  He  made  a 
six  months'  tour  of  the  southern  states 
soon  after  the  war  as  a  correspondent  of 
the  New  York  Tribune;  and  served  as  chief 
of  the  Washington  bureau  of  the  New  York 
Tribune  in  1866-70.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Star 
in  1866.  He  was  chief  executive  clerk  of 
the  United  States  senate  in  1873-79  and 
1881-83.  In  1897-1903  he  was  a  represen- 
tative to  the  fifty-fifth,  hfty-sixth  and  fifty- 
seventh  congresses  as  a  republican.  He  is 
superintendent  of  the  dead  letter  office  in 
Washington,  D.C. 

Young,  James  Thomas,  educator,  author, 
was  born  Sept.  23,  1873,  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  Since  1896  he  has  been  instructor  in 
the  university  of  Pennsylvania.  He  is  the 
author  of  several  articles  on  Public  Admin- 
istration and  Colonial  Government. 

Young,  Jesse  Bowman,  soldier,  clergy- 
man, editor,  author,  was  born  July  5,  1844, 
in  Berwick,  Pa.  He  was  educated  in  the 
Dickinson  seminary,  the  Polytechnic  col- 
lege, Lafayette  college  and  Dickinson  col- 
lege, graduating  from  the  latter  institution 
in  1868.  During  1862-65  he  served  as  lieu- 
tenant and  captain  in  the  eighty-fourth 
i-egiment  Pennsylvania  volunteer  infantry, 
being  on  staff  diity  nuich  of  the  time.  He  is 
a  clergyman  of  the  methodist  episcopal 
church;  and  in  1892-1900  was  the  editor 
of  The  Central  Christian  Advocate  of  St. 
Louis,  one  of  the  greatest  journals  of  that 
denomination.  He  is  the  author  of  a  volume 
of  army  reminiscences  entitled  What  a 
Boy  Saw  in  the  Army.  He  is  also  the  au- 
thor of  Days  and  Nights  on  the  Sea;  a 
])rize  essay  on  Mental  Culture  a  Christian's 
Duty:  Helps  for  the  Quiet  Ho\ir;  Our  Lord 
and  Master;  The  Hungry  Christ,  and  Other 
Sermons;   and  Wellsprings  in  the  Desert,  a 


HERKINGSHA\Y'S   LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY^. 


799 


Story  of  Wheatland  City  in  Time  of 
J)iouglit. 

Young,  John,  hxwyer,  legislator,  congress- 
man, governor,  was  born  June  12,  1802,  in 
Chelsea,  \'t.  He  was  in  the  New  York  state 
legislature  in  1831,  1844  and  1845;  and  in 
1835-37  and  1841-43  he  was  a  representa- 
tive from  New  York  to  the  twenty-fourth 
and  twenty-seventh  congresses.  He  was 
governor  in  1847-4'J;  and  assistant  treas- 
urer of  the  United  States  in  New  York  City 
at  tlie  tinu»  of  liis  death.  He  died  April  23, 
1S.V2,  in  New  York  City. 

Young,  John  D.,  lawyer,  legislator,  jurist, 
congri'ssnian,  was  born  Sept.  22,  1823,  on 
Flat  Creek.  Ky.  In  1843-46  he  was  a  farmer 
and  deputy  sheriff:  and  in  1852-55  was  a 
deputy  liiited  States  marslial  under  his 
father,  Colonel  Thomas  Johnson  Young.  In 
1858-62  he  was  judge  of  that  county  court. 
In  1860-71  he  was  a  representative  to  the 
forty-tirst  congress.  In  1890  he  was  again 
re-eiected  judge  of  Bath  county,  serving 
four  years;  and  was  master  commissioner 
of  the  Bath  circuit  court.  He  died  in  Ow- 
ingsville,  Ky. 

Young,  John  Edwin,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  Jan.  26,  1855,  in  Stratham,  N.H.  In 
1800  he  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 
law.  In  1898-1001  and  since  1904  he  has 
been  an  associate  justice  of  the  sui)reme 
court  of  New  Hampshire;  and  in  1001-04 
was  an  associate  justice  of  the  superior 
court  of  New  Hanipsiiire. 

Young,  John  Freeman,  clfrgyman,  bisliop, 
was  l)()ni  (let.  :>ll,  1S2(I,  in  Tittston,  Maine. 
He  was  consecrated  protestant  episcopal 
bishop  of  Florida  in  1867;  and  held  the  of- 
fice until  tin-  time  of  his  death.  He  was 
tlie  aiitlior  of  Great  Hymns  of  the  Cluirch. 
Ill-   'lied   Nov.    15.   18S5.   in   New    York   City. 

Young,  John  Philip,  journalist,  author, 
was  borji  .Vug.  0,  1840.  in  Pliiiiuhdphia,  Pa. 
Since  1S76  lie  has  been  m:inaging  editor 
of  the  San  Francisco  Clironicle.  He  is  the 
author  of  Protection  and  Progress;  Bimetal- 
lism or  Monometallism;  and  other  econom- 
ic  works. 

Young,  Join  Russell,  lawyer,  journalist, 
diplomat,  author,  was  born  Nov.  20,  1841. 
in  Dowington,  Pa.  In  1871  lie  went  abroad 
as  one  of  the  foreign  correspondents  of 
ihe  New  York  Herald,  in  which  service  he 
iraversed  tlie  British  Isles  and  the  con- 
tinent. In  1877  he  accompanied  General 
(Jrant  in  liis  famous  tour  around  the  world, 
v.liich  (>ccu|>ie(l  two  years;  and  he  pub- 
iished  tlie  result  of  his  obsei'vations  in  two 
\oluiiw.s  entitled  Around  tlie  \Vorld  with 
General  Grant.  On  his  return  he  resumed 
liis  position  on  the  editorial  staff  of  the 
New  York  Her.ii<l:  and  in  1882  was  ap- 
]>ointed  I'nited  States  minister  to  China. 
He  was  also  tlie  author  ot  The  Memorial 
History  of  Philadelphia.  He  died  Jan.  17. 
1890,  in   Washington.  H.C. 

Young,  John  S.,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
congressniaii,  was  born  Nov.  4,  18.34,  in 
Wake   countv,  N.C.    He  served   in   the  con- 


federate army  throughout  the  civil  war; 
and  became  lieutenant-colonel.  He  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  at  Homer,  La.;  and  was 
a  district  judge.  In  1877-79  he  was  a  rep- 
resentative from  Louisiana  to  the  forty- 
tilth  congress  as  a  democrat. 

Young,  Jonathan,  naval  odicer,  was  born 
Nov.  27,  1825,  -n  Ohio.  He  was  executive 
in  the  steamer  Powhatan  in  chase  of  con- 
federate privateer  Sumter  to  Brazil  and 
Gibraltar  in  1862.  He  was  promoted  to 
commodore  in  1882;  and  commanded  the 
naval  station  at  New  London  in  1882-85. 
He  died  May  17,  1885,  in  New  London, 
Conn. 

Young,  Josue  Marie,  clergyman,  bishop, 
was  born  Oct.  20,  1808,  in  Shapleigh,  Maine. 
When  the  diocese  was  formed  in  1853  he 
was  made  a  Roman  catholic  bishop.  He 
uied  Sept.  18.  1866.  in  Erie,  Pa. 

Young,  Mrs.  Julia  Evelyn,  author,  poet, 
was  born  Dec.  4,  1857,  in  Buffalo,  N.Y.  She 
is  a  novelist  and  poet  or  Bufl'alo.  She  is 
the  author  of  Adrift,  a  Story  of  Niagara; 
Glynne's  Wife,  a  Story  in  Verse;  and  This- 
tle Down. 

Young,  Loyal,  clergyman,  author,  was 
born  July  I,  1S06,  in  Charlemont,  Mass. 
•  He  w^as  a  presbyterian  clergyman  in  Penn- 
sylvania and  West  Y'ii'ginia,  He  was  the 
author  of  From  Dawn  to  Dusk;  Ecce  Dilu- 
vium; Interviews  with  Inspired  Men;  and 
Commentary  on  Ecclesiastes.  He  died  in 
West  Virginia. 

Young,  Lucien,  naval  officer,  author,  was 
born  March  31,  18,52,  in  Lexington,  Ky. 
While  on  the  Alaska,  in  the  European 
squadron,  he  rescued  a  seaman,  for.  which 
he  was  presented  with  a  gold  medal.  He 
was  ordered  to  the  Huron  in  1876,  and  the 
ship  Avas  wrecked  in  1877.  For  his  conduct 
in  rescuing  the  crew  of  the  Huron  he  re- 
ceived the  thanks  of  the  secretary  of  the 
navy,  a  gold  medal  of  the  first  class  from 
congress,  and  a  sword  from  his  native  state 
of  Kentucky.  He  was  promoted  in  regular 
grades  to  that  of  lieutenant  in  1884.  In 
1898  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  light-protected  cruiser  Hist,  with  the 
fleet  of  Commodore  Watson.  Since  1905 
lie  has  commanded  the  ilare  Island  navy 
yard.  He  is  the  author  of  A  Standard  Work 
on  Navigation;  A  Cruise  in  the  Hawaiian 
Ishinds;  A  Trip  to  the  Nortli  Pole;  and 
Pile    Boston    at   Hawaii. 

Young,  Martha,  writer,  author,  was  born 
ne:ir  Greensboro,  .\la.  She  is  a  jiublic  read- 
er and  maga/ine  conti'ibutor.  She  is  the 
author  of  Plantation  Songs;  Plantation 
Bird    Legends;    and   Somebody's  Little  Girl. 

Younjr,  Mrs.  Mary  Hulett,  iiuthor,  jioet, 
was  liniii  near  Saratoga,  N.^',  She  was  the 
authf)r  of  a  prose  work  entitled  Wahrite; 
and  a  volume  of  ])oems  entitled  Forest 
Leaves.  He  died  about  1890  in  Mavville, 
X.Y. 

Young,  McClintock,  mechanic,  inventor, 
was  born  .Tune  25,  1836,  in  Washington, 
D.C.    -Among  his  first  patents  was  the  self- 


800 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY  OP  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


rake  for  reapers.  He  also  invented  a  match- 
making machine;  a  machine  to  manufac- 
ture hinges;  and  a  machine  for  the  manu- 
facture of  brushes. 

Young,  Michael  Harry  De,  journalist,  was 
born  in  October,  1848,  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.   He 
is  the  editor  and   owner  of  the   ISan  Fran- 
cisco    Chronicle,     and 
one  of  the  best  known 
and    most    successful 
newspaper      men      in 
America.     In   1865  he 
issued  the  first  num- 
ber  of   The  Dramatic 
Chronicle,   which   was 
subsequently     merged 
into    the    San    Fran- 
cisco  Chronicle.    For 
many  years  he  was  a 
member    of    the     na- 
tional republican  com- 
mittee;   and   was   nominee   for   the   United 
States  senators'liip  as  successor  to  the  late 
Ueorge   Hearst.    In    1889    he  was   appointed 
commissioner   from   California   to   the   Paris 
exposition;    he  was  one  of   the  most  prom- 
inent    California)      representatives     in     the 
World's     Columbian    exposition,     and     was 
its    second    vice-president.     The    California 
mid-winter    international    exposition    owed 
its  conception  to  him,  and  he  was  its  pres- 
ident and  director  general.    In  1900  he  was 
appointed  commissioner  to  Paris  exposition. 
He  has  been  president  international  league 
of  press  clubs. 

Young,  Newton  Clarence,  lawyer,  jurist, 
was  born  Jan.  27,  1862,  in  Mt.  Pleasant, 
Iowa.  Since  1898  he  has  been  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  North  Da- 
kota;  and  in   1902-04  was  chief  justice. 

Young,  Oscar  E.,  educator,  poet,  was  born 
Jan.  6,  1861,  in  East  Livermore,  Maine. 
He  is  the  author  of  Seaside  Songs  and 
Woodland  Whispers;  and  Popping  by 
Proxy,  a  play. 

Young,  Pierce  Manning  Butler,  soldier, 
congressman,  was  born  Nov.  15,  1839,  in 
Spartanburg,  S.C.  He  joined  the  confeder- 
ate army;  and  rose  by  promotion  to  the 
rank  of  major-general.  In  1867-75  he  was 
a  representative  from  Georgia  to  the  for- 
tieth, forty-first,  forty-second  and  forty- 
third  congresses  as  a  democrat.  He  died 
July  6,  1896,  in  New  York  City. 

Young,  Richard,  business  president,  con- 
gressman, was  born  in  Ireland.  He  was 
educated  in  th(>  public  schools  of  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.;  and  graduated  from  a  com- 
mercial college.  He  is  president  of  the 
Richard  Young  company  of  New  York 
City,  one  of  the  most  important  leather 
houses  in  the  country.  For  seven  years  he 
was  a  school  commissioner;  and  organized 
the  Erasmus  hall  high  school.  He  was 
appointed  park  commissioner  for  the  bor- 
oughs of  Brooklyn  and  Queens  and  directed 
many  important  improvements.  He  took 
an  active  part  in  the  organization  of  the 
Flatbush    trust    company;    is    a    trustee   of 


the  East  river  savings  institution;  and  a 
director  of  the  Nassau  bank  of  New  York. 
In  1909-11  he  was  a  representative  from 
New  York  to  the  sixty-first  congress  as  a 
republican. 

Young,  Richard  Montgomery,  state  legis- 
lator, United  States  senator,  was  born  in 
1796  in  Kentucky.  He  was  a  presidential 
elector  in  1828;  and  in  1837-43  he  was 
United  States  senator  from  Illinois.  He 
was  appointed  commissioner  in  the  general 
land  office  in  1846;  and  was  clerk  of  the 
United  States  house  of  representatives  in 
1850-51.  He  died  about  1852  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Young,  Robert  Anderson,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Jan.  23,  1824,  in  Knox  coun- 
ty, Tenn.  He  has  been  pastor,  presiding 
elder,  secretary  of  the  board  of  foreign 
missions,  and  president  of  the  Wesleyan 
university  of  Alabama.  He  is  now  regent 
of  Belmont  college  of  Nashville,  Tenn.  He 
died  in  1902  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Young,  Rose,  litterateur,  author,  was  born 
Aug.  31,  1869,  in  Lafayette  county.  Mo. 
In  1893-1901  she  was  literary  editor  of  the 
Medical  Century  of  Chicago,  111.;  and  since 
1903  has  been  editor  of  the  University  pub- 
lishing cuuipany  of  New  York  City.  She 
is  the  author  of  Sally  of  Missouri;  Heder- 
son:   and  The  Miss  Nigger  Stories. 

Young,  Samuel  Baldwin  Marks,  soldier, 
civil  engineer,  was  born  Jan.  9,  1840,  in 
Allegheny  county.  Pa.  He  attended  Jeffer- 
son college  at  Cannonsburg,  Pa.  He  left 
college  and  became  assistant  engineer  on 
the  Pennsylvania  railroad;  and  on  the  first 
call  for  volunteers  in  1861  he  enlisted 
against  the  wishes  of  his  father.  He  has 
devoted  his  life  to  the  service  of  his  coun- 
try; and  has  attained  the  rank  of  briga- 
dier-general. In  1901  he  became  major-gen- 
eral in  the  Philippines.  In  1902  he  was  de- 
tailed president  of  the  war  college  board. 
He  has  been  superintendent  of  the  Yosemite 
National  park;  and  superintendent  of  the 
Yellowstone  park. 

Young,  Stephen  Jewett,  educator,  banker, 
was  born  in  November,  1839,  in  Pittston. 
He  became  instructor  and  then  professor 
of  modern  languages  in  Bowdoin  college. 
He  was  president  of  the  First  national 
bank  of  Brunswick;  and  has  thrice  repre- 
sented the  town  in  the  Maine  legislature. 
He  died  July  16,  1895. 

Young,  Thomas  John,  clergyman,  found- 
er, was  born  Oct.  22,  1803.  in  Charleston, 
S.C.  In  the  diocesan  convention  of  1841 
he  Avas  appointed  one  of  the  committee  of 
three  to  revise  the  constitution,  canons,  and 
the  rules  of  order  of  the  church,  and  of 
this  committee  he  was  the  one  selected  to 
do  the  work.  He  was  one  of  the  originators 
of  the  Church  home  in  Charleston.  He  pub- 
lished sermons  and  addresses.  He  died  Oct. 
11.  18.")2,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 

Young,  Thomas  Lowry,  soldier,  state  sen- 
ator, congressman,  governor,  was  born  Dec. 
14,   18,32,  in  Ireland.    He  settled  in  Cincin- 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY, 


801 


nati,  Ohio.  He  served  in  the  union  army 
in  18G1-U5;  and  became  colonel  and  bre- 
vet brigadier-general.  He  was  appointed 
assistant  city  auditor  in  18C.3;  and  also 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
lesentatives  for  the  term  of  two  years. 
He  was  elected  state  senator  in  1S71.  He 
was  lieutenant-governor  of  Ohio  in  1875; 
and  in  1870-78  was  the  thirtieth  governor. 
In  1879-83  he  was  a  representative  from 
Ohio  to  the  forty-sixth  and  forty-seventh 
congresses  as  a  republican.  He  died  July 
20.   1888,  in  Cincinnati,  Oiiio. 

Young,  Timothy  R.,  congressman,  was 
born  about  1812  in  New  Hampshire.  In 
]84!t-51  he  was  a  representative  from  Illi- 
nois to  the  thirty-first  congress.  He  died 
in  New  Hampshire. 

Young,  Van  B.,  lawyer,  jurist,  was  born 
in  183()  in  Bath  county,  Ky.  He  was  a 
nieml)er  of  the  Kentucky  legislature;  and 
in  18!K)  was  judge  of  the  superior  court, 
lie  ilic.l  Feb.  27,   1892,  in  Frankfort,  Ky. 

Young,  Mrs.  Virginia  Durant,  journalist, 
autiuir,  was  born  in  .Marion,  S.C.  She  has 
been  state  secretary  of  tlie  Woman's  chris- 
tian temperance  un- 
ion of  South  Caro- 
lina; honorable  secre- 
tary of  the  Woman's 
international  union; 
and  president  o  f 
the  Equal  rights 
association  of  South 
Carolina.  She  is  ed- 
itor and  proprietor  of 
the  Fairfax  Enter- 
prise, S.C.  "She  is  the 
author  of  two  novels 
entitled  A  Tower  in 
the  Desert;  and  Beliolding  as  in  a  Glass. 
Young,  William,  journalist,  author,  was 
born  in  180!)  in  England.  In  1848-67  he 
editffl  tlu-  Albion  of  New  York  City.  He 
was  tile  autlior  of  Two  Hundred  Lyrical 
I'ocnis  of  lieranger,  done  into  English  verse; 
and  Lights  and  Sliades  of  New  York  Pic- 
ture Callcries.  He  died  April  15,  1888,  in 
r;tri>.   France. 

Young,  William,  dramatist,  autlidr,  poet, 
was  born  in  1847  in  Illinois.  His  plays  in- 
(lude  I'endragon;  The  Rajah;  .Jonquil;  The 
l\()<;n<''s  .March:  (Jaiielon;  Joan  of  Arc;  If 
I  Were  Von;  Young  America;  and  Tiie 
House  of  Mauprat.  He  has  also  written 
\\  isliiiiakfrs'   Town,  a   volume   of   poems. 

Young,  William  A.,  mercliant.  statesman, 
was  boni  .May  17,  18(50,  in  Norfolk,  Va.  He 
was  elected  a  rei)resentative  from  Virginia 
to  the  fifty-fifth  and  fifty-sixth  congresses 
as  a  democrat,  but  his  seat  was  success- 
fully   coiitcstrd    in    each    congress. 

Young,  William  B.,  soldier,  lawyer,  was 
born  Sept.  22,  1844,  in  Marengo  county, 
Ala.  In  1861  he  joined  the  eleventh  regi- 
ment Alabama  infantry;  and  in  1864  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier-gcnf'ral.  In 
1868  he  began  to  j)ractice  law  in  the  su- 
preme court  of  Alabama;   and  in   1890  was 


appointed  judge   of   the   supreme   court   of 
Alabama. 

Young,  William  Clark,  civil  engineer, 
railroad  president,  was  born  Nov.  25,  1799, 
in  Youngstown,  Ohio.  In  1853  he  became 
Ijresident  of  the  Panama  railroad,  which 
he  built;  and  in  1855  was  made  superintend- 
ent of  the  western  division  of  the  New 
York  central.  At  the  time  of '^ his  death, 
at  the  age  of  ninety-four,  he  was  the  last 
survivor  among  those  who  made  the  first 
survey  of  the  Erie  canal.  He  died  Dec. 
22,   1893,  in  New   York  City. 

Young,  William  Henry  Harrison  Hutchin- 
son, soldier,  journalist,  lawyer,  inventor, 
was  born  May  4,  1819,  in  Amherst,  N.Y. 
He  served  in  the  confederate  army  during 
the  civil  war;  and  then  practiced  law  in 
Washington.  He  and  his  wife  founded  the 
New  York  volunteer  institute,  a  school  in 
which  they  educated  nine  hundred  soldiers' 
orphans  at  their  own  expense.  He  invented 
and  patented  an  artificial  stone.  He  died 
in  1901  in  Washington,  D.C. 

Young,  WilUam  James,  was  born  Nov. 
8,  1842,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  During  1873-91 
he  has  been  consecutively  cashier,  vice- 
president  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Oil  City 
trust  company  of  Oil 
City,  Pa.;  and  has 
b  e  en  vice-president, 
general  manager  and 
treasurer  of  the  For- 
est oil  company  of 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  the 
largest  oil  producing 
corporation  in  the 
state  of  Pennsylvania, 
with  a  capital  of  five 
and  a  half  millions. 
He  has  been  president  of  the  Washington 
oil  company,  and  president  of  the  Taylors- 
town  natural  gas  company. 

Young,  WilUam  S.,  congressman,  was  born 
in  Nelson  county,  Ky.  In  1825-27  he  was 
a  r('j)resentative  from  Kentucky  to  the  nine- 
teenth congress.   He  died  in  Kentucky. 

Youngert,  Sven  Gustaf,  educator,  clergy- 
man, autlior,  was  born  in  Sweden.  Since 
1900  he  has  been  professor  of  new  testa- 
ment Greek,  philosophy  and  catechetics  at 
the  Augustana  theological  seminary.  He 
has  filled  pastorates  in  Kewanee,  111.,  and 
Ottumvva,  Iowa.  He  is  the  author  of  Man- 
ual for  Cathechetical  Instruction  in  the 
Sunday  Seliool;  and  History  of  Philosophy. 
Youree,  Peter,  soldier,  manufacturer, 
banker,  was  born  April  23,  1843,  in  La- 
fayette county,  Mo.  He  served  in  the  civil 
war.  For  many  years  he  lias  been  engaged 
in  tlie  real  estate  business  at  Shreveport, 
Iowa.  For  twenty  years  he  was  a  member 
of  tlie  police  jury  of  Caddo  parish.  He  is 
president  of  the  Commercial  national  bank; 
piesiilent  of  the  Shreveport  water  works 
company:  and  president  of  a  wire  naij 
factory  at  Monterey.  Mexico. 
Yule,    George,    soldier,    ranchman,    public 


802 


HERRINGSHAW'S  LIBRARY   OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


official,  was  born  June  20,  1835,  in  Scot- 
land. He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  Ashland  county,  Ohio.  He  is  a  success- 
ful ranchman  and  stockraiser  of  Colorado. 
He  served  in  the  civil  war;  and  participated 
in  numerous  battles  and  skirmishes.  For 
two  terms  he  was  sheriff  of  Gunnison  coun- 
ty, Col.;  and  is  now  president  of  the  school 
board  of  his  county.  Since  1892  he  has 
been  a  member  of  General  Shield's  post 
number  seventy-eight  of  the  grand  army 
of  the  republic;  and  for  the  past  four  years 
has  been  commander  of  his  post. 

Yutzy,  Jacob,  educator,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  24,  1847,  in  Salisbury, 
Pa.  He  received  his  education  at  the  Roa- 
noke college,  Virginia;  the  Pennsylvania 
college,  and  the  Theological  seminary  of 
Gettysburg,  Pa.  Since  1882  he  has  been 
pastor  of  the  University  church  of  Se.lins- 
grove.  Pa.  During  1892-94  he  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Susquehanna  synod,  lutheran. 
During  1882-92  he  vi^as  professor  of  He- 
brew, moral  science,  and  church  history  in 
the  Susquehanna  university;  and  the  four 
years  following  filled  the  same  chair  with 
the  addition  of  Greek  and  German.  This 
successful  professor  of  Semitic  languages, 
Hebrew,  Arabic  and  Syraic,  and  of  syste- 
matic divinity,  is  the  author  of  A  Sermon 
on  Luther;  History  of  the  University 
Church  of  Selinsgrove;   and  other  works. 

Zabriskie,  Abraham  Oothout,  lawyer,  jur- 
ist, state  senator,  was  born  June  10,  1807, 
in  East  Albany,  N.Y.  Removing  to  Jersey 
City  he  was  elected  to  the  state  senate; 
and  took  an  important  part  in  framing  the 
city  charter  of  1851.  He  became  chancellor 
of  New  Jersey  in .  1866.  He  died  June  27, 
1873,  in  Truckee,  Cal. 

Zabriskie,  Andrew  Christian,  agricultur- 
ist, numismatic,  author,  was  born  May  30, 
1853,  in  New  York  City.  He  was  educated 
in  the  private  scliools  of  New  York  City; 
and  graduated  from  Columbia  college.  He 
is  engaged  in  the  care  of  his  own  real  es- 
tate interests;  and  is  trustee  for  numerous 
institutions  and  individuals.  He  is  inter- 
ested in  farming  and  the  breeding  of  Ayr- 
sliire  cattle  and  thoroughbred  poultry. 
For  many  years  he  was  president  of  the 
American  numismatic  society;  has  a  su- 
perb collection  of  coins;  and  has  written 
valuable  articles  on  antiquarian  and  nu- 
mismatic subjects.  He  has  always  been  in- 
terested in  public  education;  is  now  a  school 
trustee  in  Dutchess  county,  N.Y. 

Zabriskie,  Francis  Nicoll,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  in  1832  in  New  York.  He 
was  a  clergyman  of  the  Dutch  reformed 
church.  He  was  the  author  of  Golden  Fruit 
from  Bible  Trees;  The  Story  of  a  Soul; 
Behold  a  Ladder;  and  Life  of  Horace  Gree- 
lev.    He   died   May    13,   1891,   in   Princeton, 

n'.j. 

Zach arias,  Frank  Riegel,  banker,  was  born 
Aug.  30,  1861,  in  Mechanicsburg,  Pa.  He 
became   assistant   cashier   in   the   First   na- 


tional bank  of  Harper,  Kan.;  and  in  1887- 
90  was  engaged  in  the  real  estate  and  loan 
business  in  Iowa  and  Nebraska.  He  became 
president  of  the  Harper  state  bank,  and  in 
1906  became  president  of  the  National  bank 
of  Harper,  of  which  he  is  still  president. 
He  is  also  president  of  the  Danville  state 
bank  and  the  Attica  state  bank.  For  three 
years  he  was  a  member  of  the  board  of 
managers  of  the  Kansas  state  industrial 
reformatory    at   Hutchinson. 

Zachos,  John  Celivergos,  educator,  cler- 
gyman, author,  was  born  Dec.  20,  1820,  in 
Turkey.  He  was  a  unitarian  clergyman 
and  educator.  He  was  the  author  of  New 
American  Speaker;  Analytical  Educator; 
and  Phonic  Primer.  He  died  March  20,  1898, 
in  New  York  City. 

Zahm,  John  Augustine,  educator,  scien- 
tist, theologian,  author,  was  born  June  14, 
1851,   near   New   Lexington,   Ohio.    In    1871 

he  graduated  from 
the  university  of  No- 
tre Dame;  and  sub- 
sequently was  ap- 
pointed professor  of 
physics  and  chemistry 
in  that  institution. 
He  visited  the  leading 
universities  of  Eu- 
rope and  America  to 
study  their  systems ; 
and  traveled  exten- 
sively in  Asia,  Africa, 
and  throughout  the 
islands  of  the  Pacific  in  order  to  collect 
specimens  for  the  museum.  For  twenty- 
five  years  he  has  been  director  of  sciences 
at  Notre  Dame;  and  has  succeeded  in  bring- 
ing the  department  up  to  a  very  high 
standard.  He  is  the  author  of  Sound  and 
Music;  Catholic  Science  and  Scientists;  Bi- 
ble, Science  and  Faith;  Science  and  the 
Church;  Scientific  Theory  and  Catholic 
Doctrine;  and  Evolution  and  Dogma,  his 
most  famous  work. 

Zahm,  Lewis,  soldier,  was  born  in  Ger- 
many. In  1861  he  was  colonel  in  the  third 
regiment  Ohio  cavalry;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
resigned  in  1863. 

Zakrzewska,  Maria  Elizabeth,  physician, 
philanthropist,  was  born  Sept.  29,  1829,  in 
Prussia.  With  Elizabeth  and  Emily  Black- 
well  she  established  the  New  York  in- 
firmary, which  she  superintended  two  years, 
as  resident  physician  and  manager.  In 
1859-61  she  was  professor  of  obstetrics  in 
the  New  England  female  medical  college  of 
Boston.  After  her  removal  to  Boston  in 
1863  she  founded  the  New  England  hos- 
pital for  M'omen  and  children.  She  died  in 
1902    in    Jamaica   Plain,   Mass. 

Zalinski,  Edmund  Louis  Gray,  soldier,  in- 
ventor, was  born  Dec.  13,  1849,  in  Poland. 
He  served  in  the  civil  war;  and  attained 
the  rank  of  captain.  In  1904  he  was  pro- 
moted major.  He  invented  the  pneumatic 
dynamite  gun. 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


803 


Zane,  Charles  Shuster,  lawyer,  jurist,  was 
born  March  2,  1831,  in  Tuckulioe,  N.J.  He 
was  court  attorney  of  Sangamon  county, 
111.;  and  three  times  city  attorney  of 
Springliekl.  In  1S73  he  wa.s  elected  circuit 
judge  for  the  fifth  judicial  circuit  of  Illi- 
nois for  a  term  of  six  j'ears;  and  was  re- 
elected in  1879.  In  1884-90  he  was  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  terri- 
tory of  Utah ;  and  when  Utah  became  a 
state  he  became  justice  of  its  supreme  court, 
and  was  its  first  chief  justice. 

Zane,  Ebenezer,  pioneer,  was  born  Oct. 
7,  1747,  in  Berkeley  county,  Va.  He  made 
the  first  permanent  establishment  on  the 
Ohio  river  in  1770.  on  the  present  site  of 
Wheeling,  and  built  there  a  block  house 
called  Fort  Henry.  He  owned  the  land 
where  the  city  of  Zanesville  now  stands, 
on  tlie  Muskingum  river.  He  died  in  1811 
in  W'luH'ling,  Va. 

Zarditti,  clergyman,  bishop.  In  1890  he 
became  Roman  catholic  bishop  at  St.  Cloud, 
Minn. 

Zavala,  Lorenzo  De,  Texan  patriot,  was 
born  Oct.  3,  1789.  In  1822  he  was  elected 
to  the  first  Mexican  congress;  and  in  1827- 
30  was  governor  of  the  state  of  Mexico. 
He  died  Xov.  1,  1836,  in  Zavala  county, 
Texas. 

Zeckwer,  Richard,  musician,  inventor,  com- 
poser, autlior,  was  born  April  30,  1850,  in 
Prussia.  In  1869  he  became  a  teacher  in 
the  Philadelphia  musical  academy;  and  in 
1876  became  proprietor  of  that  institution. 
He  is  the  inventor  of  the  liberating  of  the 
ring  finger  for  the  perfection  of  technique. 
He  is  tlie  composer  of  Festival  Overture 
and  Bride  of  Messina;  and  the  author  of  A 
Scientific   Investigation   of  Touch. 

Zehnder,  Charles  Henry,  ironmaster,  cap- 
italist, was  born  April  16,  1856,  in  Penn- 
sylvania. In  1879  he  became  connected 
with  a  manufacturing  company  of  Berwick, 
Pa.;  and  subsequently  rose  to  the  presi- 
dency. He  organized  tlie  Allegheny  ore  and 
iion  company  of  Virginia;  and  also  oper- 
ates four  blast  furnaces  at  Goshen,  Iron 
rjate.s  and  Shenandoah.  He  was  vice-pres- 
ident of  the  Enifiire  sicel  and  iron  company; 
and  director  of  the  Crane  iron  works  of 
West   Virfrinia. 

Zeigler,  Edward  D.,  congressman.  In 
18!I9-]!K»1  he  was  a  representative  from 
Pennsylvania  to  the  fifty-sixth  congress  as 
a    democrat. 

Zeigler,  Wilbur  Gleason,  litterateur,  au- 
thor. He  is  the  autlior  of  It  was  Marlowe; 
and  Thr  Heart  of  tlie  Alleglienies. 

Zeilin,  Jacob,  oflicer  of  marines,  was  born 
July  16,  1806,  in  Philadelphia.  Pa.  He  was 
appointed  colonel  commandant  of  the  ma- 
rine corps  in  1864;  assumed  control  at 
headquarters  at  Washington.  n.C;  and  in 
1867  was  eommissioned  brigadier-general. 
^h'  died  Xov.  18,  1880.  in  Washington.  D.c! 

Zeisberger,  David,  missionary,  author,  was 
horn  April  11.  1721.  in  Moravia.  He  was 
a    noted    missionary    of    tlie    :Moravian8    in 


Pennsylvania  and  Ohio.  He  was  the  au- 
thor of  Delaware  and  English  Spelling- 
Book;  Sermons  for  Children;  Dictionary  in 
German  and  Delaware;  and  Essay  Toward 
an  Onondaga  Grammar.  In  1888  his  Diary 
from  1781  to  1798,  including  the  narrative 
of  his  eventful  life  among  the  Indians  of 
Ohio,  was  translated  from  the  original  man- 
uscript in  German  by  Eugene  Bliss,  and 
for  the  first  time  publislied.  He  died  Nov. 
17,  1808,  in  Goshen,  Oliio. 

Zeisler,  Fannie  Bloomfield,  pianist,  musi- 
cian, was  born  in  Austria.    When  two  years 
of  age  she  moved  to  Chicago  with  her  par- 
ents.  She  showed  ear- 
ly     musical      talent; 
and     studied     princi- 
pally    under     Lesche- 
tizky    at    Vienna.     In 
^^^        1885  she  married  Sig- 

Z'**  ^^^P  mund  Zeisler.  In 
1883-93  and  since  1895 
she  has  played  in 
the  principal  Ameri- 
can cities.  In  1893- 
'^  95  she  appeared  in 
the   principal   German 

cities,  including  Ber- 
lin, Lcipsig  and  Dresden.  In  1895-98  she 
starred  in  America;  and  subsequently  tour- 
ed England,  America,  Germany,  Austria, 
France  and  America  again  in  1903-05.  She 
is  a  member  of  several  clubs  of  Chicago, 
111.:  a  member  of- the  Peoria  woman's  club; 
and  a  member  of  the  Sacramento  Saturday. 
Zeisler,  Sigmund,  lawyer,  orator,  was  born 
April  11.  1860,  in  Austria.  In  1884  he  grad- 
uated from  the  Northwestern  university 
law  scliool  with  the  degree  of  LL.B.;  and 
has  since  practiced  law  in  Chicago,  111.  In 
1885  he  married  Fannie  Bloomfield,  the 
noted  pianist  of  Chicago,  HI.  He  was  asso- 
ciate counsel  in  1886-87  for  the  defense 
in  the  anarchist  cases;  and  in  1893-94  was 
chief  assistant  corporation  counsel  for  the 
city  of  Chicago.  He  is  distinguished  as  an 
orator:  stumiied  the  country  in  1896  for 
:\IcKiiiley  on  the  money  issue,  and  in  1900 
for  Bryan  on  the  issue  of  imperialism. 

Zelie,  John  Sheridan,  clergyman,  author, 
was  l.oin  May  :i,  1866,  in  Princeton,  Mass. 
He  lias  been  pastor  of  Belton  avenue  pres- 
byterian  church  of  Cleveland.  Ohio:  and 
now  fills  a  pastorate  in  Pla infield,  N..!.  In 
conjunction  with  Carroll  Perry  he  publish- 
ed a  work  entitled  Bill  Pratt,  the  Saw-Buck 
Philosopher. 

Zellh Defer,  August  Carl,  clergyman,  was 
horn  March  20,  istiO,  in  Rome,  Wis.  In 
1872  he  moved  to  Iowa;  was  first  connect- 
ed witli  the  Evangelical  association,  and 
united  with  the  baptist  church  in  1884. 
In  1892  he  became  district  missionary  for 
northwestern    Iowa. 

Zellman,  Joseph  B.,  nmsician,  compo.ser. 
He  is  diieefor  of  the  vocal  department  of 
the  Molleiihauer  conservatory  of  music  in 
New  York  City, 


804 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Zender,  Joachim  Denis  Laurent,  educator, 
physician,  clergyman,  author,  was  born  Nov. 
■22,  1805,  in  Paris,  France.  After  teaching 
humanities  in  several  Roman  catholic  col- 
leges in  Missouri  and  Maryland,  he  left  the 
church  in  1832,  studied  medicine  in  New 
York  and  obtained  his  diploma  in  1842. 
In  1844  he  was  ordained  as  a  protestant 
minister  of  the  congregational  church,  and 
gathered  a  small  French  congregation.  Later 
he  devoted  himself  to  scientific  works;  and 
also  traveled  through  the  country  conduct- 
ing revivals.  He  is  the  author  of  A  New 
System  on  the  IMagnetic  Constitution  of 
Man. 

Zenor,  William  T.,  lawyer,  jurist,  con- 
gressman, was  born  April  30,  1846,  in  Har- 
rison   county,    Ind.     In    1871    he    moved    to 

Leavenworth,  I  n  d., 
where  he  established 
a  successful  practice; 
and  was  appointed 
prosecuting  attorney 
for  the  district,  which 
office  he  held  by  this 
appointment  and  two 
succeeding  elections 
until  1882.  In  1884  he 
w^as  elected  judge  of 
the  judicial  circuit 
■CJ^^mt^B^K^^Ki    without       opposition ; 

and  was  re-elected  in 
1800.  In  1897-1907  he  was  a  representative 
to  the  fifty-fifth,  fifty-sixth,  fifty-seventh, 
fifty-eightli'  and  fifty-ninth  congresses  as  a 
democrat.  In  1905  he  was  appointed  one  of 
the  delegates  of  the  United  States  to  attend 
thirteen  conferences  held  in  Belgium. 

Zenos,  Andrew  Constantinides,  clergyman, 
educator,  author,  was  born  Aug.  13,  1855, 
in  Turkey.  He  is  a  presbyterian  clergy- 
man; and  professor  of  biblical  theology  in 
McCormick  theological  seminary  of  Chica- 
go since  1801.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Elements  of  the  Higher  Criticism;  Com- 
pendium of  Church  History;  and  The  Teach- 
ing of  Jesus  Concerning  Christian  Conduct. 
Zerrabn,  Carl,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  July  28,  1826.  in  Germany.  In  1854-95 
he  was  musical  director  of  the  Handel  and 
Haydn  society  of  Boston,  Mass.  He  has 
edited  two  books  designed  for  musical  or- 
ganizations, The  Index,  and  The  Apogi-aph. 
Zettler,  Louis,  merchant,  philanthropist, 
M-as  born  Feb.  29,  1832,  in  Germany.  In 
1860  he  established  a  wholesale  retail  hard- 
ware business  with  his  sons  in  Columbus, 
Ohio.  When  St.  Vincent's  orphan  asylum 
was  founded  he  donated  ten  thousand  dol- 
lars toward  its  support  and  extension.  He 
died  about   1908  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Zeuner,  Charles,  musician,  composer,  was 
born  Sept.  20.  1705.  in  Saxony.  In  1854  he 
settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  he  held  vari- 
ous posts  as  organist.  His  oratorio.  The 
Feast  of  Tabernacles,  was  published  in  1832. 
He  issued  also  some  collections  of  music, 
notably   The   American  Harp;    and  Ancient 


Lyre.    He  died  Nov.  7,  1857,  near  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Ziegfeld,  Florence,  musician,  composer, 
was  born  in  Germany.  Since  1867  he  has 
been  president  of  the  Chicago  musical  col- 
lege. He  was  chairman  of  the.  board  of 
judges  in  the  musical  exhibit  at  the  World's 
Columbian   exposition. 

Ziegler,  Edward  Banner,  educator,  law- 
yer, congressman,  was  born  March  3,  1844, 
in  York,  Pa.  He  taught  in  the  York  coun- 
ty academy.  In  1868  he  began  the  practice 
of  law;  in  1871  was  elected  commissioner's 
clerk;  and  for  three  years  was  district  at- 
torney of  York  county.  In  1899-1901  he 
was  a  representative  from  Pennsylvania  to 
the   fifty-sixth   congress   as   a  democrat. 

Ziegler,  George  Milton,  soldier,  Avas  born 
in  Ohio.  He  served  throughout  the  civil 
war;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  in  1866. 

Ziegler,  Henry,  educator,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  19,  1816,  near  Old  Fort 
Center  county.  Pa.  In  1855-58  he  was  pas- 
tor at  Salona,  Pa.;  and  in  1858-81  professor 
of  theology  in  Missionary  institute,  Selins- 
grove.  Pa.  He  was  the  author  of  Natural 
Theology;  Apologetic  Theology;  Catechet- 
ics;  The  Pastor;  The  Preacher;  Dogmatic 
Theology;  and  The  Value  to  the  Lutheran 
Church  of  Her  Confessions.  He  died  1898 
in  Selinsgrove,  Pa. 

Ziegler,  William,  manufacturer,  capital- 
ist, was  born  Sept.  1,  1843,  in  Beaver  coun- 
ty. Pa.  In  1870  he  organized  the  Royal 
chemical  company,  and  began  the  manu- 
facture of  baking  powder;  and  in  1873  in- 
corporated the  Royal  baking  powder  com- 
pany in  New  Y^ork  City.  He  came  into 
great  prominence  in  Brooklyn  a  few  years 
ago  by  his  long  and  successful  fight  to  pre- 
vent the  extravagant  purchase  of  the  Long 
Island  water  supply  company  by  the  city. 
He  saved  the  city  one  and  a  half  million 
dollars.  He  was  twice  offered  the  mayoralty 
of  Brooklyn  by  the  republicans.  He  died 
May  24,  1905,  in  Noroton,  Conn. 

Zilliox,  James,  prelate,  author,  was  born 
Oct.  14,  1849,  in  New^irk,  N.J.  In  1885  he 
was  elected  abbot  of  the  newly  established 
abbey  at  St.  Mary's  church  of  Newark,  N.J. 
He  was  the  author  of  Album  Benedictinum. 
He  died  Dec.  31,  1801,  in  Newark,  N.J._ 

Zimmerman,  Eugene,  railroad  president, 
capitalist,  was  born  Dec.  17,  1845,  in  Vicks- 
burg.  Miss.  He  was  educated  at  Farmers' 
college,  near  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  and  at  Gam- 
bier  he  was  prepared  for  Kenyon  college. 
Tlie  civil  war  broke  out,  and  although  six- 
teen years  of  age,  he  enlisted  in  the  navy 
as  master's  mate.  He  saAv  much  arduous 
and  active  service;  and  was  given  the  rank 
of  ensign  master  and  lieutenant  successive- 
ly. He  became  an  oil  merchant  in  Cincinnati, 
and  built  up  a  large  business;  which  he 
finally  sold  to  the  Standard  oil  company, 
in  which  company  he  still  retains  an  inter- 
est.   He  then  engaged  in  railroad  building; 


HERRINGSHATS^S  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


805 


and  was  elected  president  of  the  Cincinnati, 
Hamilton  and  Dayton  railway.  He  was 
chairman  of  the  board  of  the  Pere  Mar- 
quette railroad;  president  of  the  Toledo 
railway  and  terminal  company;  president 
of  the  Dayton  and  Union  railroad;  and  is 
a  director  in  a  score  of  other  railroads  and 
business  corporations.  He  is  a  prominent 
mason;  belongs  to  the  loyal  legion;  and 
is  a  member  of  various  clubs  and  societies. 
Zimmerman,  Eugene,  cartoonist,  artist, 
was  born  May  25,  1862,  in  Switzerland. 
In  1882-85  he  was  connected  with  Puck; 
and  since  1885  lias  been  cartoonist  on  Judge. 
He  has  illustrated  books  and  articles  by 
Bill  Nye  and  .James  Whitcomb  Riley;  and 
other  works.  He  is  the  author  of  This  and 
That   About   Caricature. 

Zimmerman,  Jeremiah,  clergyman,  numis- 
matist, author,  was  born  April  26,  1848,  in 
Snydersburg,  :Md.  In  1873  he  graduated 
from  Pennsylvania  college,  from  which  in- 
stitution he  has  received  tlie  degrees  of  D. 
D.  and  LL.D.;  and  subsequently  received 
the  honorary  degrees  of  D.D.  from  Witten- 
berg college  and  D.D.  and  L.H.D.  from  the 
Susquehanna  university.  He  is  a  lecturer 
in  Syracuse  university;  and  is  regarded  as 
an  authority  on  the  historical  branch  of 
numismatics.  He  is  an  eminent  clergyman 
of  Syracuse.  N.Y. ;  and  president  of  the 
federation  of  churches  and  christian  work- 
ers of  the  state  of  New  York;  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  American  anthropological  asso- 
ciation. He  has  spent  five  years  in  for- 
eign travel  for  study.  He  is  the  author  of 
Spain  and  Her  People;  numerous  contribu- 
tions to  numismatic  literature;  and  a 
number  of  articles  on  ^Mexico  and  her  an- 
tiquities. 

Zimmerman,  Leander  M.,  clergyman,  au- 
thor, was  born  Aug.  20,  1866,  in  Manches- 
ter. Md.  Since  1887  he  has  filled  a  pastorate 
in  Baltimore,  Md.  He  is  the  author  of  The 
Child  and  the  Church;  Ciiildren  in  the  King- 
dom; Paths  that  Cross;  Ivonne;  and  Dot. 
Zimmerman,  Thomas  C,  journalist,  pub- 
lislier,  author,  was  born  Jan.  2.3,  1838,  in 
Lebanon,   Pa.    In    1851   he   graduated   from 

Lebanon  academy.  He 
learned  the  printing 
business;  siiu-e  186!) 
has  been  a  journalist 
and  publisher;  and  is 
now  president  of  the 
Kea<liiig  Times  pub- 
lishing company  of 
t^^^H  Reading,  Pa.  He  has 
'^^^^  translated  many  Ger- 
man poems  into  Eng- 
lish; and  translated 
Scotch,  Irish  and  Ger- 
man poems  into  Penn- 
sylvania German.  He  was  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  Pennsylvania  German  society; 
one  of  the  re-organizers  of  the  Berks  coun- 
ty historical  society;  and  an  organizer  of 
the  Fooszganger  club  of  Reading.  He  is  the 


author  of  011a  Podrida,  two  volumes  of 
translations,  addresses,  hymns  and  poems. 
Zimmerman,  John,  soldier,  merchant,  was 
born  Jan.  6,  1843,  in  Switzerland.  He  re- 
ceived a  thorough  education  in  the  public 
schools.  In  1861-66  he  served  during  the 
civil  war  in  the  union  army;  and  in  1868- 
71  served  in  battery  G,  fourth  artillery.  He 
is  a  successful  merchant  of  Cannelton,  Ind., 
was  town  trustee  in  1878-80;  and  postmas- 
ter in  1889-93  and  1897-1901.  In  1886,  1894 
and  1896  lie  was  chairman  of  the  republican 
county  committee;  and  in  1902  became  may- 
or of  Cannelton,  Ind. 

Zimmermann,  Charles  Frederick  August, 
I'dueatoi'.  aiitlior,  was  born  July  21,  1848, 
in    Prussia.     He    moved    to    Milwaukee    in 

1856;  attended  the 
public  schools  of  that 
city;  and  the  State 
normal  school  •'of 
Platteville,  Wis.  He 
received  the  degree  of 
Ph.B.  from  the  Illi- 
nois Wesleyan  uni- 
versity, and  the  de- 
gree of  M.A.  from 
Charles  City  college, 
Iowa.  He  has  at- 
tained success  in  ed- 
ucational work;  has 
taught  drawing,  history,  geography,  German 
and  English  in  normal  school  and  college; 
and  is  now  principal  of  the  public  schools 
of  [Milwaukee,  Wis.  He  has  lectured  on 
drawing  and  historic  ornament  before 
teachers'  institutes;  is  the  author  and  ed- 
itor of  Art  Studies;  and  is  deeply  interest- 
ed in  .'krt  and  industrial  education. 

Zimmerman,  Joseph,  legislator,  jurist,  ed- 
itor, was  born  June  19,  1851,  in  Germany. 
In   1866  he  emigrated  to  America.    In  1883- 

91  he  was  president 
^jT  ^^jp  board  of  edu- 
cation of  Fremont, 
Oliio;  during  1886-90 
he  served  with  dis- 
tinction for  two 
Mr  *  terms  as  state  sena- 
^Pp  tor  in  the  Ohio  leg- 
islature from  the 
thirtieth  district  of 
Oliio;  and  in  1891  he 
was  probate  judge  of 
his  county.  He  con- 
tributed extensively 
lo  ciirrenl  literature;  and  is  the  editor  and 
(orrespoiideiit  i)f  several  leading  German 
new s|(a pels,  lie  died  .\ug.  8.  1902,  in  Oliio. 
Zinn,  George,  soldier,  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania. Ill  ISC)!  he  was  second  lieuten- 
ant ill  tlie  eighty-fourth  regiment  Penn- 
sylvania infantry;  and  in  1865  was  bre- 
vetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  He 
was  lioiinnibly  mustered  out  in   1866. 

Zitkalas,  S.  A.,  educator,  author,  was 
born  in  Dakota.  She  is  the  wife  of  R.  T. 
Bonnin.    She   taught   for   two  years   in   the 


•1 


806 


HBRRTNGSHAW'S   LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


Indian  school  of  Carlisle,  Pa.;  and  is  now 
studying  the  Ute  Indians  of  Utah.  She  is 
the  author  of  Old  Indian  Legends. 

Zimmerman,  L.  M.,  clergyman,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  29,  1863,  in  Manchester,  Md. 
He  received  his  education  in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania college  at  Get- 
tysburg, Pa.  He  has 
attained  success  as 
an  eminent  clergy- 
man, and  for  the 
past  ten  years  has 
been  pastor  of  the 
Christ  English  luth- 
eran  church  of  Balti- 
more, Md.  He  is  the 
author  of  How  to  Be 
Happy  When  Mar- 
ried; Pearls  of  Com- 
fort from  Tennyson's 
In  Memoriam;  The  Little  Grave;  Daily 
Bread  for  Daily  Hunger;  Sunshine;  Paths 
That  Cross;  and  other  works.  Paths  That 
Cross  is  full  of  deep  thought  and  study; 
is  a  masterpiece  and  teaches  a  multitude 
of  good  lessons. 

Ziwet,  Alexander,  mathematician,  author, 
was  born  Feb.  8,  1853,  in  Germany.  He  is 
junior  professor  of  mathematics  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Michigan.  Since  1892  he  has 
been  co-editor  of  the  Bulletin  of  the  Amer- 
ican mathematical  society.  He  is  the  au- 
tlior  of  An  Elementary  Treatise  on  Theo- 
retical Mechanics;  and  Introduction  to  Dy- 
namics, Statics  and  Kinetics. 

Zogbaum,  Rufus  Fairchild,  artist,  author, 
was  born  Aug.  28,  1849,  in  Charleston,  S.C. 
He  is  the  author  of  Horse,  Foot  and  Dra- 
goons, or  Sketches  of  Army  Life;  All 
Hands;  Ships  and  Sailors;  and  The  Junior 
Officer  of  the  Watch. 

Zollars,  Allen,  lawyer,  legislator,  jurist, 
was  born  in  Licking  county,  Ohio.  In  1864 
he  graduated  from   the  Denison  university 

of  Granville,  Ohi'o,  re- 
ceiving the  degree  of 
A.B.;  and  subse- 
quently received  from 
the  same  institution 
the  degrees  of  A.M. 
and  LL.D.  In  1866  he 
was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  having  received 
the  degree  of  LL.D. 
from  the  university 
of  Michigan;  and  he 
has  since  attained 
eminence  as  one  of 
the  foremost  lawyers  of  Indiana,  at  Fort 
Wayne.  In  1868  he  Avas  elected  a  member 
of  the  Indiana  state  legislature;  and  in 
1882  was  elected  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Indiana;  and  his  written  opinions 
show   great  research,   industry   and   care. 

Zollars,  Ely  Vaughan,  educator,  college 
president,  author,  was  born  Sept.  19,  1847, 
near  Lower  Salem,  Ohio.  In  1888-1902  he 
was  president  of  the  Hiram  college,  Ohio; 


in  1902-06  was  president  of  the  Texas 
christian  university;  and  since  1906  has 
been  president  of  the  Oklahoma  christian 
university.  He  is  the  author  of  Bible  Ge- 
ography; Holy  Book  and  Sacred  Day;  The 
Great  Salvation;  The  King  of  Kings;  and 
The  Word  of  Truth. 

Zollicoffer,  Felix  Kirk,  soldier,  journalist, 
congrossraan,  was  born  May  19,  1812,  in 
]\Iaury  county,  Tenn.  In  1853-59  he  was  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  to  the  thir- 
ty-third, thirty-fourth  and  thirty-fifth  con- 
gresses. He  was  a  delegate  to  the  peace 
congress  of  1861;  and  he  subsequently 
joined  the  great  rebellion;  served  as  a  con- 
federate general  of  volunteers;  and  in  1862 
was  general  in  command  at  the  battle  of 
]\[ill  Springs.  He  died  Jan.  19,  1862,  near 
Mil!   Springs,   Ky. 

Zollinger,  Gulielma,  litterateur,  author. 
Sue  is  the  author  of  Dan  Drummond  of 
llie  D;  The  Widow  O'Callahan's  Boys;  and 
Maggie    McLaneham. 

Zook,  Samuel  Kosciuzko,  soldier,  was  born 
about  1823  in  Pennsylvania.  He  was  ap- 
pointed military  governor  of  Annapolis, 
Md.  In  1862  he  became  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.  He  led  the  fifty-seventh  New 
York  regiment  at  Chancellorsville  and 
Gettysburg,  and  was  killed  in  the  latter 
battle  July  2,   1863,  in  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Zorcher,  Philip,  journalist,  legislator, 
was  born  Oct.  1,  1866,  in  Tell  City,  Ind. 
In  1889-91  he  served  as  a  '  representative 
in  the  general  assembly  of  the  Indiana 
state  legislature.  In  1892  he  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  democratic  national  conven- 
tion ;  and  in  1893  was  appointed  postmaster 
of  his  native  city.  He  has  contributed  ex- 
tensively to  current  literature;  and  is  the 
editor  and  owner  ol  the  Tell  City  News. 

Zubly,  John  Joachim,  clergyman,  con- 
gressman,  author,  was  born  Aug.  27,  1724, 
in  Switzerland.  He  was  a  doctor  of  divin- 
ity; and  preached  in  the  German,  English 
and  French  languages.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  presidential  congress;  and  in  1775- 
76  he  was  a  delegate  from  Georgia  to  the 
continental  congress.  He  was  the  author 
of  The  Real  Christian's  Hope  in  Death ; 
Sermon  on  the  Repeal  of  the  Stamp  Act; 
An  Humble  Inquiry  Into  the  Nature  of  the 
Dependency  of  the  American  Colonies  upon 
tlie  Parliament  of  Great  Britain;  and  The 
Law  of  Liberty :  a  Sermon  on  American 
Affairs.  He  died  July  23,  1781,  in  Savannah, 
Ga. 

Zueblin,  Charles,  educator,  founder,  au- 
thor, was  born  May  4,  1866,  in  Pendleton, 
Ind.  In  1892  he  founded  the  Northwestern 
university  settlement.  Since  1892  he  has 
taught  sociology;  and  since  1902  has  been 
professor  of  sociology  at  the  university  of 
Chicago.  He  is  the  author  of  American 
Municipal  Progress;  and  a  Decade  of  Civic 
Development. 

Zulich,  C.  Meyer,  soldier,  lawyer,  jurist, 
governor,  was  born  June  3,  1839,  in  Easton, 


HERRINGSHAWS  LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  BIOGRAPHY. 


807 


Pa.  He  entered  the  union  army  as  adjutant 
of  the  second  regiment  District  of  Colum- 
bia vohmteers;  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
lieutenant-colonol.  He  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  at  Newark,  N.J. ;  and  was  ap- 
pointed collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  fifth  district  of  New  Jersey.  In  1870 
he  was  elected  surrogate  judge  of  Ess(?x 
county;  and  in  1885-89  was  governor  of 
the    tcrritorv    of    Arizona. 

Zulich,  Samuel  Morton,  soldier,  was  born 
in  Pt'nnsylvania.  In  1861  he  was  captain 
in  the  twenty-ninth  regiment  Pennsylvania 
infantry;  and  in  1865  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  died  June  10, 
1876. 

Zundel,  John,  organist,  author,  was  born 


in  1815  in  Germany.  He  was  organist  of 
Plymouth  church  of  Brooklyn  in  1850-78. 
He  was  the  author  of  Modern  Organ 
School;  The  Amateur  Organist;  and  Trea- 
tise on  Harmony  and  Modulation.  He  died 
in    1882   in   Brooklyn,   N.Y. 

Zwemer,  Samuel  Marinus,  clergyman, 
missionary,  author,  was  born  April  12, 
1867,  in  Vriesland,  Mich.  In  1891-1905  he 
was  a  missionary  in  Arabia;  and  in  "1906 
was  chairman  and  organizer  of  the  Moham- 
medan missionary  conference  of  Cairo, 
Egypt.  He  is  the  author  of  Arabia,  the 
Cradle  of  Islam;  Raymond  Lull;  The  Mos- 
lem Doctrine  of  God;  Islam,  a  Challenge  to 
Faith;  and  Topsy  Turvy  Land;  and  other 
volumes  on  the  Mahommedan  question. 


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